title: Clinical and diagnostic features of partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection in an adult female patient: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: A 40-year-old woman presented with dyspnoea, chest pain and fatigue. Her medical history was unremarkable. An early systolic ejection murmur was heard in the 3D left inter-costal space. Chest X-ray revealed normal cardiothoracic ratio with an anomalous vessel adjacent to the left pulmonary hilum. Echocardiography and exercise tolerance test were normal. Right heart catheterisation revealed normal pulmonary pressures with normal cardiac output. CT scan and MRI of the thorax were diagnostic for an aberrant pulmonary venous connection between the left lower lobe pulmonary vein and the left brachiocephalic vein without atrial septal defect. She was treated conservatively and remained well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcentrum Twente, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Haaksbergerstraat 55, 7513ER, Enschede, the Netherlands, m.Basalus@mst.nl.
authors.forename: M W Z
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Basalus
authors.forename: S A M
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Stassen
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Fast