title: Meta-analytic review of the impact of cognitive-behavior therapy for insomnia on concomitant anxiety.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concomitant anxiety and insomnia is a frequent problem encountered by mental health professionals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the impact of cognitive-behavior therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on associated anxiety.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic search for clinical trials of CBT-I in PsycInfo, Medline, and Proquest Dissertations and Theses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 216 CBT-I trials reviewed, 72 (33.3%) reported data on anxiety. The combined effect size (ES) of CBT-I on anxiety was 0.406 [95% CI 0.318-0.493], indicating a small to moderate effect of CBT-I on concomitant anxiety. Anxiety and anxiety-related constructs were measured with 31 different questionnaires or questionnaire subscales, the majority of which were used only once in the sample of studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBT-I has only a moderate impact on anxiety in individuals who present insomnia with or without a comorbid anxiety disorder. A careful evaluation of residual anxiety should be conducted subsequent to CBT-I. Further research should focus on standardizing the assessment of anxiety in insomnia research.
authors.affiliation: École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Pavillon Félix-Antoine-Savard, Québec, Canada . genevieve.belleville@psy.ulaval.ca
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Belleville
authors.forename: Héloïse
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cousineau
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Levrier
authors.forename: Marie-Ève
authors.initials: MÈ
authors.lastname: St-Pierre-Delorme
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome