title: Aerobic exercise improves reverse cholesterol transport in cholesteryl ester transfer protein transgenic mice.
abstract: We analyzed the effect of a 6-week aerobic exercise training program on the in vivo macrophage reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) transgenic (CETP-tg) mice. Male CETP-tg mice were randomly assigned to a sedentary group or a carefully supervised exercise training group (treadmill 15 m/min, 30 min sessions, five sessions per week). The levels of plasma lipids were determined by enzymatic methods, and the lipoprotein profile was determined by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). CETP activity was determined by measuring the transfer rate of ¹⁴C-cholesterol from HDL to apo-B containing lipoproteins, using plasma from CETP-tg mice as a source of CETP. The reverse cholesterol transport was determined in vivo by measuring the [³H]-cholesterol recovery in plasma and feces (24 and 48 h) and in the liver (48 h) following a peritoneal injection of [³H]-cholesterol labeled J774-macrophages into both sedentary and exercise trained mice. The protein levels of liver receptors were determined by immunoblot, and the mRNA levels for liver enzymes were measured using RT-PCR. Exercise training did not significantly affect the levels of plasma lipids or CETP activity. The HDL fraction assessed by FPLC was higher in exercise-trained compared to sedentary mice. In comparison to the sedentary group, a greater recovery of [³H]-cholesterol from the injected macrophages was found in the plasma, liver and feces of exercise-trained animals. The latter occurred even with a reduction in the liver CYP7A1 mRNA level in exercised trained animals. Exercise training increased the liver LDL receptor and ABCA-1 protein levels, although the SR-BI protein content was unchanged. The RCT benefit in CETP-tg mice elicited by exercise training helps to elucidate the role of exercise in the prevention of atherosclerosis in humans.
authors.affiliation: Lipids Laboratory (LIM-10), Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, CEP 01246000, Brazil.
authors.forename: D D F M
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Rocco
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Nakandakare
authors.forename: E C R
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Quintão
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Catanozi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Passarelli
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D018955:CD36 Antigens; C506642:CETP protein, human; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase; C502772:Cyp7a1 protein, mouse