title: Bioremediation of 2-chlorophenol containing wastewater by aerobic granules-kinetics and toxicity.
abstract: 2-Chlorophenol (2-CP) degrading aerobic granules were cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in presence of glucose. The organic loading rate (OLR) was increased from 6.9 to 9.7 kg COD m(-3)d(-1) (1150-1617 mg L(-1)COD per cycle) during the experiment. The alkalinity (1000 mg L(-1) as CaCO(3)) was maintained throughout the experiment. The specific cell growth rate was found to be 0.013 d(-1). A COD removal efficiency of 94% was achieved after steady state at 8h HRT (hydraulic retention time). FTIR, UV, GC, GC/MS studies confirmed that the biodegradation of 2-CP occurs via chlorocatechol (modified ortho-cleavage) pathway. Biodegradation kinetics followed the Haldane model with kinetic parameters: V(max)=840 mg2-CPgMLVSS(-1)d(-1), K(s)=24.61 mg L(-1), K(i)=315.02 mg L(-1). Abiotic losses of 2-CP due to volatilization and photo degradation by sunlight were less than 3% and the results of genotoxicity showed that the degradation products are eco-friendly.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Research Laboratory, Department of chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Faculty of Science, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
authors.forename: Mohammad Zain
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Pijush Kanti
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.forename: Suhail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabir
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D002396:Catechols; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; D002733:Chlorophenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C030683:2-chlorophenol; C034221:catechol