title: Effect of infancy-onset dietary intervention on salivary cholesterol of children: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: This study investigated salivary cholesterol of children from 6 to 16 years of age in response to dietary intervention. One thousand sixty-two infants started in the prospective, randomized project. At 3 years of age, every fifth child was invited into the study (n=178). Of these, 148 enrolled, and 86 completed the oral sub-study at 16 years of age. The intervention aimed at restricting the child's saturated fat and cholesterol intake. Control children received no special recommendations. Every third year, paraffin-stimulated saliva samples (10.0 mL) were collected for cholesterol assays. Nutrient intakes and serum total cholesterol concentrations were regularly followed up by means of 4-day food records and blood samples. Intake of saturated fatty acids (SAFA) was lower in the intervention than in the control group (p<0.001). Salivary cholesterol concentration increased from 1.9 (±1.1) µmol/L at 6 years of age to 16.0 (±9.0) µmol/L at 16 years of age. The increase was smaller in the intervention than in the control group (p<0.001). The ratios of salivary to serum cholesterol concentrations tended to be higher in boys than in girls (p=0.07). Thus, dietary intervention was reflected in children's salivary cholesterol values more sensitively than in serum cholesterol values. (clinicaltrials.gov NCT00223600).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. sara.karjalainen@utu.fi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karjalainen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Söderling
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saarinen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Simell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niinikoski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D015930:Diet Records; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D005227:Fatty Acids; D002784:Cholesterol