title: Raw starch fermentation to ethanol by an industrial distiller's yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing glucoamylase and α-amylase genes.
abstract: Industrial strains of a polyploid, distiller's Saccharomyces cerevisiae that produces glucoamylase and α-amylase was used for the direct fermentation of raw starch to ethanol. Strains contained either Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase gene (GA1), Debaryomyces occidentalis glucoamylase gene (GAM1) or D. occidentalis α-amylase gene (AMY), singly or in combination, integrated into their chromosomes. The strain expressing both GA1 and AMY generated 10.3% (v/v) ethanol (80.9 g l(-1)) from 20% (w/v) raw corn starch after 6 days of fermentation, and decreased the raw starch content to 21% of the initial concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju,, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ha-Ram
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Kum
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Hyun-Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Jong-Eon
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Il-Chul
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hwanghee Blaise
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Suk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bai
mesh_terms: D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D055165:Debaryomyces / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D000431:Ethanol / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013213:Starch / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D013213:Starch; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase