title: Biomechanics for inclusive urban design: Effects of tactile paving on older adults' gait when crossing the street.
abstract: In light of our ageing population it is important that the urban environment is easily accessible and hence supports older adults' independence. Tactile 'blister' paving was originally designed to provide guidance for visually impaired people at pedestrian crossings. However, as research links irregular surfaces to falls in older adults, such paving may have an adverse effect on older people. We investigated the effects of tactile paving on older adults' gait in a scenario closely resembling crossing the street. Gait analysis of 32 healthy older adults showed that tactile, as compared to smooth, paving increases the variability in timing of foot placement by 20%, thereby indicating a disturbance of the rhythmic gait pattern. Moreover, toe clearance during the swing phase increased by 7% on tactile paving, and the ability to stop upon cue from the traffic light was compromised. These results need to be viewed under the consideration of limitations associated with laboratory studies and real world analysis is needed to fully understand their implications for urban design.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health, Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences Research, Salford University, Greater Manchester M6 6PU, UK. s.thies@salford.ac.uk
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Thies
authors.forename: L P J
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kenney
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nester
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ormerod
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faruk
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: MacLennan
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003252:Construction Materials; D004777:Environment; D004867:Equipment Design; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008875:Middle Aged; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D016138:Walking