title: Intracellular cAMP signaling by soluble adenylyl cyclase.
abstract: Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is a recently identified source of the ubiquitous second messenger cyclic adenosine 3',5' monophosphate (cAMP). sAC is distinct from the more widely studied source of cAMP, the transmembrane adenylyl cyclases (tmACs); its activity is uniquely regulated by bicarbonate anions, and it is distributed throughout the cytoplasm and in cellular organelles. Due to its unique localization and regulation, sAC has various functions in a variety of physiological systems that are distinct from tmACs. In this review, we detail the known functions of sAC, and we reassess commonly held views of cAMP signaling inside cells.
authors.affiliation: Marine Biology Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tresguerres
authors.forename: Lonny R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buck
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D015388:Organelles / Q000201:enzymology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D007527:Isoenzymes; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D002118:Calcium