title: ST2 deletion enhances innate and acquired immunity to murine mammary carcinoma.
abstract: ST2 is a member of the IL-1 receptor family and IL-33 was recently identified as its natural ligand. The IL-33/ST2 pathway regulates Th1/Th2 immune responses in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, but the role of ST2 signaling in tumor growth and metastasis has not been investigated. We aimed to investigate whether ST2 gene deletion affects tumor appearance, growth, and metastasis, and antitumor immunity in an experimental metastatic breast cancer model. Deletion of ST2 in BALB/c mice bearing mammary carcinoma attenuated tumor growth and metastasis, which was accompanied by increased serum levels of IL-17, IFN-γ, and TNF-α and decreased IL-4. Tumor-bearing ST2-/- mice had significantly higher percentages of activated CD27high CD11bhigh NK cells, CD69+ and KLRG- NK cells and higher cytotoxic activity of splenocytes, NK cells, and CD8+ T cells in vitro. A significantly higher number of NK cells expressing IFN-γ were found in ST2-/- mice compared with WT recipients. In vivo depletion of CD8+ or NK cells revealed a key role for NK cells in enhanced antitumor immunity in ST2-/- mice. We report for the first time that suppressed breast cancer progression and metastasis in mice lacking ST2 corresponds mainly with enhanced cytotoxic activity of NK cells, and increased systemic Th1/Th17 cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jovanovic
authors.forename: Gordana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Radosavljevic
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitrovic
authors.forename: Vanda Lisnic
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Juranic
authors.forename: Andrew N J
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: Nebojsa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arsenijevic
authors.forename: Stipan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jonjic
authors.forename: Miodrag L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lukic
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000032:analysis; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000032:analysis; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D039481:CD11b Antigen; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D020381:Interleukin-17; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007378:Interleukins; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C486189:Il1rl1 protein, mouse; C506535:Il33 protein, mouse; C451496:Klrg1 protein, mouse