title: The search for biomarkers of immune restoration disease associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV patients beginning antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Immune restoration disease associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a complication of antiretroviral therapy seen in a subset of HIV-1 patients soon after they commence antiretroviral therapy. It is characterized by a 'paradoxical' worsening of treated tuberculosis or an 'unmasking' of subclinical tuberculosis. As antiretroviral therapy becomes increasingly available in countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, this form of immune restoration disease will become more common. Here we summarize biomarkers that may illuminate immunopathogenesis and assist in diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Benjamin G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D015415:Biomarkers