title: Palestinians norms of Steiner cephalometric analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find the cephalometric norms for Palestinian population according to Steiner cephalometric analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral cephalograms of 76 dental students (51 females and 25 males, mean age 20.4 ± 2.1 years) were collected from their files at the American University in Jenin, Palestine. They were scanned and analyzed following Steiner measurements. Means and standard deviations for all variables were calculated. Differences between the mean of the variables for both sexes were calculated using the independent t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Females had a smaller interincisal angle, more proclined mandibular incisors, and a shorter anterior cranial base than males in the Palestinian population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When the Palestinian sample population was compared to Steiner norms, similar skeletal patterns were found, but the anterior teeth were more proclined and protruded.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Arab American University, Talfeet, Jenin, Palestine. imad_alkhalek@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Emad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hussien
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Khateeb
authors.forename: Mahmoud Abu
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mowais
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D018912:Arabs; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002680:Chin / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012658:Sella Turcica / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012737:Sex Factors; D019291:Skull Base / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D055815:Young Adult