title: Investigation of enzyme formulation on pretreated switchgrass.
abstract: This work studied the benefits of adding different enzyme cocktails (cellulase, xylanase, β-glucosidase) to pretreated switchgrass. Pretreatment methods included ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX), dilute-acid (DA), liquid hot water (LHW), lime, lime+ball-milling, soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA), and sulfur dioxide (SO(2)). The compositions of the pretreated materials were analyzed and showed a strong correlation between initial xylan composition and the benefits of xylanase addition. Adding xylanase dramatically improved xylan yields for SAA (+8.4%) and AFEX (+6.3%), and showed negligible improvement (0-2%) for the pretreatments with low xylan content (dilute-acid, SO(2)). Xylanase addition also improved overall yields with lime+ball-milling and SO(2) achieving the highest overall yields from pretreated biomass (98.3% and 93.2%, respectively). Lime+ball-milling obtained an enzymatic yield of 92.3kg of sugar digested/kg of protein loaded.
authors.affiliation: Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. mattdf23@gmail.com
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falls
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Mirvat A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ebrik
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Redmond
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wyman
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garlock
authors.forename: Venkatesh
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Balan
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.forename: V Ramesh
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Pallapolu
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Youngmi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nathan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Mosier
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ladisch
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hames
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Bryon S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Donohoe
authors.forename: Todd B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Vinzant
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Elander
authors.forename: Ryan E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sierra-Ramirez
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Holtzapple
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005936:Glucans / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008897:Panicum / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water; D014990:Xylans / Q000378:metabolism; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D005936:Glucans; D014990:Xylans; D014867:Water; D000641:Ammonia; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases