title: The landscape of EGFR pathways and personalized management of non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: Two classes of anti-EGF receptor (EGFR) agents, monoclonal anti-EGFR antibodies and small-molecule EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have been used for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, only a subset of patients will benefit from EGFR-targeted therapy. The discovery of biomarkers that select the appropriate patients for the therapy and predict the responses to the therapy is urgently needed. Molecular genetic analyses provide new insights into EGFR pathway alterations and demonstrate promise for predicting the clinical outcome of patients with NSCLC. In this article, we summarize the latest available knowledge on the clinical impact of EGFR mutations, gene copy number, EGFR overexpression, phosphorylation expression and the alteration of the EGFR pathway downstream factors in predicting the response to EGFR-targeted therapy in NSCLC patients. The role of KRAS and BRAF mutations and ALK rearrangement in lung cancer-targeted therapy, are also reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 350 West 11th Street, Clarian Pathology Laboratory Room 4010, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Shaobo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Riley
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Yongxue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Gregory T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: MacLennan
authors.forename: Chong-xian
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jiaoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Mingsheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montironi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-Beltran
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D066246:ErbB Receptors