title: Effect of ramp bicycle exercise on exhaled carbon monoxide in humans.
abstract: The effect of exercise on the increase of exhaled CO in smokers compared to non-smokers has not been clarified yet. In this study we compared the dynamics of exhaled CO before, during and after exercise between smokers and non-smokers. A group of 8 smokers and a group of 8 non-smokers underwent a bicycle exercise in a ramp fashion to near maximum intensity. Ventilation and gas exchange, and CO exhalation were continuously measured every 30-s before, during and after the exercise. The fraction of CO (F (CO)) in the exhaled air decreased gradually, but the total amount of exhaled CO (V(CO)) increased in a linear manner during the ramp exercise, and F (CO) and returned to the pre-exercise level within several minutes after exercise in all subjects. A linear relationship was observed between V (O(2)) and V (CO) and between V (E) and V (CO) in both the whole period of measurement and during the ramp exercise period in all subjects. However, the at V (CO) 0 W, the peak V (CO) and the slope coefficients in the regression equation between V (CO) and V (O(2)) and between V (CO) and V (E) in the ramp exercise as well as the entire periods of measurement were significantly higher in smokers compared with those in non-smokers, and these were correlated with the number of cigarettes smoked per day. It was concluded that CO exhalation increases linearly with the increase of V (O(2)) and V (E) during exercise, and habitual smoking shifts these relationships upward depending on the number of cigarettes smoked daily.
authors.affiliation: Health Science Center, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempakucho, Toyohashi, Japan. yasuda@las.tut.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Miharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyamura
authors.forename: Masatsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niwayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001944:Breath Tests; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D010100:Oxygen