title: Update of the international consensus on palliative radiotherapy endpoints for future clinical trials in bone metastases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To update the international consensus on palliative radiotherapy endpoints for future clinical trials in bone metastases by surveying international experts regarding previous uncertainties within the 2002 consensus, changes that may be necessary based on practice pattern changes and research findings since that time.
  
  
  METHODS
  A two-phase survey was used to determine revisions and new additions to the 2002 consensus. A total of 49 experts from the American Society for Radiation Oncology, the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, the Faculty of Radiation Oncology of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists, and the Canadian Association of Radiation Oncology who are directly involved in the care of patients with bone metastases participated in this survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consensus was established in areas involving response definitions, eligibility criteria for future trials, reirradiation, changes in systemic therapy, radiation techniques, parameters at follow-up, and timing of assessments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An outline for trials in bone metastases was updated based on survey and consensus. Investigators leading trials in bone metastases are encouraged to adopt the revised guideline to promote consistent reporting. Areas for future research were identified. It is intended for the consensus to be re-examined in the future on a regular basis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Edward.Chow@sunnybrook.ca
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoskin
authors.forename: Gunita
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mitera
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hartsell
authors.forename: Eshwar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D002170:Canada; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic / Q000592:standards; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic / Q000592:standards; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005060:Europe; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D009520:New Zealand; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000592:standards; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D018787:Radiation Oncology / Q000592:standards*; D019233:Retreatment; D012955:Societies, Medical / Q000592:standards; D014481:United States