title: Dissipation of carbendazim and chloramphenicol alone and in combination and their effects on soil fungal:bacterial ratios and soil enzyme activities.
abstract: The dissipation of carbendazim and chloramphenicol alone and in combination and their effects on soil fungal:bacterial ratios and soil enzyme activities were investigated. The results revealed that carbendazim dissipation was little affected by chloramphenicol, whereas chloramphenicol dissipation was found to be retarded significantly by the presence of carbendazim. The inhibitory effect of carbendazim on the fungal:bacterial ratios was increased by the presence of chloramphenicol, and the inhibitory effect of chloramphenicol on neutral phosphatase was increased by the presence of carbendazim. Carbendazim increased soil catalase and urease activities, but this increase was partially diminished by the presence of chloramphenicol. Little interaction was observed between carbendazim and chloramphenicol with regard to their influence on soil invertase. The results obtained in this study suggest that combinations of fungicides and antibiotics may alter the compounds' individual behaviors in soil and their effects on soil enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Feifan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Baichuan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yunlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002219:Carbamates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D059013:Microbial Consortia; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D014510:Urease / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D002219:Carbamates; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D002374:Catalase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase; D014510:Urease; C006698:carbendazim