title: Development and evaluation of controlled porosity osmotic pump for nifedipine and metoprolol combination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A system that can deliver multi-drug at a prolonged rate is very important for the treatment of various chronic diseases such as diabetes, asthma and heart disease. Controlled porosity osmotic pump tablet (CPOP) system was designed to deliver Nifedipine (NP) and Metoprolol (MP) in a controlled manner up to 12 h. It was prepared by incorporating drugs in the core and coated with various types (PVP, PEG-400 and HPMC) and levels (30, 40 and 50% w/w of polymer) of pore former at a weight gain of 8, 12 & 15%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Formulation variables like type and level of pore former and percent weight gain of membrane was found to affect the drug release from the developed formulations. Drug release was inversely proportional to the membrane weight but directly related to the level of pore former. Burst strength of the exhausted shell was inversely proportional to the level of pore former, but directly affected by the membrane weight. Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies showed the formation of pores in the membrane from where the drug release occurred. Dissolution models were applied to drug release data in order to establish the mechanism of drug release kinetics. In vitro release kinetics was subjected to superposition method to predict in vivo performance of the developed formulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The developed osmotic system is effective in the multi-drug therapy of hypertension by delivering both drugs in a controlled manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, C.L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Thoraipakkam, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. kumaravelrajan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rajagopal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumaravelrajan
authors.forename: Nallaperumal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Venkatesan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Suba
mesh_terms: D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D013607:Tablets / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D013607:Tablets; D008790:Metoprolol; D009543:Nifedipine