title: Age-independent and age-dependent neural substrate for single-digit multiplication and addition arithmetic problems.
abstract: The present study examined developmental differences in event-related potentials between second graders and adults in arithmetic. Consistent with previous literature in adults, multiplication for both children and adults produced a greater left anterior negativity from 400 to 900 msec, whereas addition produced a greater right posterior negativity from 400 to 900 msec. Adults showed larger left anterior negativities in the time window suggesting that adults rely more than children on a verbal processing system for solving these problems. Children showed larger right posterior negativities in the time window suggesting that they rely more on quantitative manipulation for solving these problems.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. zhou_xinlin@bnu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Xinlin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: Jiayan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Butterworth
authors.forename: Chuansheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D011340:Problem Solving / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult