title: The immune enhancement of propolis adjuvant on inactivated porcine parvovirus vaccine in guinea pig.
abstract: Two experiments were carried out. In immune response test, the immune enhancement of propolis, oilemulsion and aluminium salt were compared in guinea pig vaccinated with inactivated porcine parvovirus (PPV) vaccine. The result showed that three adjuvants could enhance antibody titer, T lymphocyte proliferation, IL-2 and IL-4 secretion of splenic lymphocyte. The action of propolis was similar to that of oilemulsion and superior to that of aluminium salt, especially in early period of vaccination propolis could accelerate antibody production. In immune protection test, the effects of three adjuvants on PPV infection were compared in guinea pig vaccinated with PPV vaccine then challenged with PPV. The result showed that propolis and oilemulsion could enhance the antibody titer, IL-2 and IL-4 content in serum and decrease the PPV content in blood and viscera. In the effect of improving cellular immune response, the propolis was the best. These results indicated that propolis possessed better immune enhancement and would be exploited into a effective adjuvant of inactivated vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Zhenhuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jinliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuanliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Deyun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D028323:Parvovirus, Porcine / Q000276:immunology*; D011429:Propolis / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D015847:Interleukin-4; D011429:Propolis