title: Consciousness of Social Face: the development and validation of a scale measuring desire to gain face versus fear of losing face.
abstract: This article describes the development and validation of a scale that measures two distinct needs for individuals to manage their social "face". Scale development process resulted in an 11-item Consciousness of Social Face (CSF) scale made up of the following two correlated dimensions: desire to gain face and fear of losing face. The two-factor correlated structure of CSF scale was stable across multiple samples of both students and non-students subjects. The construct validity of CSF scale, including convergent validity, discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity was also demonstrated by examining relationships with other personality or demographical variables.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Management, 535 Fa Hua Zhen Rd., Antai Building, Shanghai, China 200052. xinanzhang@sjtu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Xin-An
authors.initials: XA
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grigoriou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D003243:Consciousness; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012928:Social Desirability; D012945:Social Values; D055815:Young Adult