title: A method for determining the analytical form of a radionuclide depth distribution using multiple gamma spectrometry measurements.
abstract: When characterizing environmental radioactivity, whether in the soil or within concrete building structures undergoing remediation or decommissioning, it is highly desirable to know the radionuclide depth distribution. This is typically modeled using continuous analytical expressions, whose forms are believed to best represent the true source distributions. In situ gamma ray spectroscopic measurements are combined with these models to fully describe the source. Currently, the choice of analytical expressions is based upon prior experimental core sampling results at similar locations, any known site history, or radionuclide transport models. This paper presents a method, employing multiple in situ measurements at a single site, for determining the analytical form that best represents the true depth distribution present. The measurements can be made using a variety of geometries, each of which has a different sensitivity variation with source spatial distribution. Using non-linear least squares numerical optimization methods, the results can be fit to a collection of analytical models and the parameters of each model determined. The analytical expression that results in the fit with the lowest residual is selected as the most accurate representation. A cursory examination is made of the effects of measurement errors on the method.
authors.affiliation: United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Occupational Environmental Health Division, Health Physics Branch, Radiation Analysis Laboratories, 2350 Gillingham Drive, Brooks City-Base, TX 78235, United States. sdewey001@gmail.com
authors.forename: Steven Clifford
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: Zachary David
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Whetstone
authors.forename: Kimberlee Jane
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kearfott
mesh_terms: D015233:Models, Statistical; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016011:Normal Distribution; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D013051:Spectrometry, Gamma / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D012987:Soil; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive