title: Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with pandemic influenza A pneumonia 2009 in Korea: a multicenter study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the incidence and clinical characteristics of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) and its effect on clinical outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, observational study of patients with pandemic H1N1-related critical illness admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) of 28 tertiary or referral hospitals in South Korea between September 1, 2009, and February 28, 2010. Outcomes were AKI within 72 hours after ICU admission and 30-day mortality. Acute kidney injury was defined according to the Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss, and End-stage renal failure criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 221 patients, 50 (22.6%) developed AKI within 72 hours after ICU admission. Independent risk factors for AKI were age (odds ratio [OR], 1.05; P = .003), chronic kidney disease (OR, 14.82; P = .004), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (OR, 1.45; P < .001). Age (OR, 1.04; P = .003), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (OR, 1.28; P = .012), state of immune suppression (OR, 4.09; P = .01), mechanical ventilation (OR, 18.24; P = .001), corticosteroid use (OR, 3.09; P = .007), and AKI (OR, 2.86; P = .035) were significantly associated with 30-day mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant number of patients with H1N1-related critical illness developed AKI within 72 hours of ICU admission, and this early development of AKI was associated with 30-day mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Ye
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Byung Hoon
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Bum
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Younsuck
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Gee Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Kyeongman
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Shin Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Jae Yeol
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hye Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yong Bum
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ho Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeon-Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang Young
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Moo Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000150:complications*; D000368:Aged; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors