title: Physical activity, watching television, and the risk of obesity in students, Texas, 2004-2005.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The epidemic of childhood obesity has been well-documented. Prevalence of obesity among students in Texas is higher than the US prevalence. Our objective was to understand the combined influence of physical activity and television viewing on weight status of students in Texas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students in grades 4, 8, and 11 participated in the School Physical Activity and Nutrition survey during the 2004-2005 academic year. Multinomial logistic regression tested the associations between both being overweight and obese (vs underweight/normal weight) and the combined influence of physical activity and watching television, adjusting for age, grade, race/ethnicity, language spoken at home, and percentage of economically disadvantaged students in the school. We used 5 physical activity indicators to describe students' physical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Girls who participated in less than 3 days of exercise per week to strengthen or tone muscles and watched 2 hours or less per day of television had increased odds of being obese (adjusted odds ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.0) compared with girls who participated in 3 or more days per week of exercise to strengthen or tone muscles and watched 2 hours or less per day of television. Boys in our study who watched 3 or more hours per day of television and did not meet physical activity recommendations had increased odds of being obese in all of our 5 physical activity indicators.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although results varied by physical activity indicator and sex, our findings provide further evidence for the combined effect of high television watching and low physical activity engagement on the risk for obesity in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, 1616 Guadalupe St, Ste 6.300, Austin, TX 78701, USA. adriana.perez@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Deanna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hoelscher
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Springer
authors.forename: H Shelton
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Cristina S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Barroso
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kelder
authors.forename: Brian C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Castrucci
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013781:Texas