title: Proportions of Kaposi sarcoma, selected non-Hodgkin lymphomas, and cervical cancer in the United States occurring in persons with AIDS, 1980-2007.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Given the higher risk of AIDS-defining malignancies that include Kaposi sarcoma (KS), certain non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), and cervical cancer in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the HIV epidemic has likely contributed to the overall numbers of these cancers in the United States.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the proportions of KS, AIDS-defining NHLs, and cervical cancer in the United States that occurred among persons with AIDS from 1980 to 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  The HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study (1980-2007) linked data from 16 US HIV/AIDS and cancer registries to identify cases with and without AIDS for KS, AIDS-defining NHLs (ie, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [DLBCL], Burkitt lymphoma [BL], and central nervous system [CNS] lymphoma), and cervical cancer. Using linked data, we derived cancer rates for persons with and without AIDS. To estimate national counts, the rates were applied to national AIDS surveillance and US Census data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Proportion of AIDS-defining malignancies in the United States occurring in persons with AIDS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the United States, an estimated 81.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 81.2%-81.9%) of 83,252 KS cases, 6.0% (95% CI, 5.8%-6.1%) of 351,618 DLBCL cases, 19.9% (95% CI, 18.1%-21.7%) of 17,307 BL cases, 27.1% (95% CI, 26.1%-28.1%) of 27,265 CNS lymphoma cases, and 0.42% (95% CI, 0.37%-0.47%) of 375,452 cervical cancer cases occurred among persons with AIDS during 1980-2007. The proportion of KS and AIDS-defining NHLs in persons with AIDS peaked in the early 1990s (1990-1995: KS, 90.5% [95% CI, 90.2%-90.8%]; DLBCL, 10.2% [95% CI, 9.9%-10.5%]; BL, 27.8% [95% CI, 25.0%-30.5%]; and CNS lymphoma, 48.3% [95% CI, 46.7%-49.8%]; all P < .001 [compared with 1980-1989]) and then declined (2001-2007: KS, 70.5% [95% CI, 68.1%-73.0%]; DLBCL, 4.7% [95% CI, 4.3%-5.2%]; BL, 21.5% [95% CI, 17.7%-25.4%]; and CNS lymphoma, 12.9% [95% CI, 10.5%-15.3%]; all P < .001 [compared with 1990-1995]). The proportion of cervical cancers in persons with AIDS increased over time (1980-1989: 0.11% [95% CI, 0.09%-0.13%]; 2001-2007: 0.71% [95% CI, 0.51%-0.91%]; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the United States, the estimated proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies that occurred among persons with AIDS were substantial, particularly for KS and some NHLs. Except for cervical cancer, the proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies occurring among persons with AIDS peaked in the mid-1990s and then declined.
authors.affiliation: Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd, EPS 7059, Rockville, MD 20892, USA. shielsms@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Meredith S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shiels
authors.forename: Ruth M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pfeiffer
authors.forename: H Irene
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Goedert
authors.forename: Lindsay M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartge
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Engels
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016483:Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*