title: Micro-tensile bond strength and interfacial characterization of an adhesive bonded to dentin prepared by contemporary caries-excavation techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) and interfacial characteristics of adhesive-dentin bonds produced after caries-removal with contemporary techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Carious molars were cut at the base of the fissure, exposing 'sound' and 'carious' dentin at different spots. After caries-excavation, a composite was bonded using a 2-step self-etch adhesive. The μTBS was measured and the mode of fracture analyzed using a stereomicroscope and imaged by Feg-SEM, while additional non-fractured specimens were histologically analyzed after Masson's trichrome staining in order to identify potentially incompletely resin-enveloped collagen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  μTBS to residual caries-excavated dentin was lower than to sound dentin. The different caries-removing techniques had a significant effect on the μTBS. Er:YAG laser guided by a LIF-feedback system (Kavo) resulted in the lowest μTBS (26.8% lower than to 'sound' dentin) and a distinct layer of incompletely resin-enveloped collagen at the interface. Although different degrees of collagen exposure were seen for other caries-removing techniques, such as a thick layer for CeraBur (Komet-Brasseler), some unprotected collagen areas for Cariex (Kavo), or completely resin-enveloped collagen for a tungsten-carbide-bur (Komet), the μTBS appeared not directly affected (10%, 16.6%, and 15.3% lower than to 'sound' dentin, respectively). Carisolv (MediTeam) resulted in the highest μTBS (only 1% reduction compared to that to 'sound' dentin), followed by the tungsten-carbide-bur aided by Caries Detector (Kuraray) (4.8% reduction). Enzymatic caries excavation using the experimental SFC-VIII (3M-ESPE) aided by a disposable plastic instrument resulted in a 19.4% reduction in μTBS as compared to that to 'sound' dentin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dentin bonding receptiveness depends to a large extent on the caries-excavation method employed.
authors.affiliation: Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Aline de A
authors.initials: Ade A
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Marcio V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Munck
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Meerbeek
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds; D003094:Collagen / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003442:Crowns; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy*; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D004867:Equipment Design; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007930:Leucine / Q000737:chemistry; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008739:Methyl Green; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D017973:Tungsten Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; C119934:Carisolv; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D019279:Resin Cements; D017973:Tungsten Compounds; C083568:Z100 composite resin; C017768:trichrome stain; D014867:Water; C002802:tungsten carbide; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D008739:Methyl Green; D003094:Collagen; D015040:Zirconium; D007930:Leucine; D008239:Lysine; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS)