title: Safety controversies in tooth bleaching.
abstract: Tooth bleaching using peroxide-based materials is an effective procedure in dentistry. Studies provide evidence on the safety of bleaching by dental professionals. However, concerns and controversy remain regarding the safety of bleaching systems that do not involve dental professionals, especially those available at mall kiosks, salons, spas, and cruise ships. Bleaching causes tooth sensitivity and/or gingival irritation in a significant portion of patients. Bleaching requires proper examination, diagnosis, and treatment plan, which can be performed appropriately only by dental professionals; therefore, involvement of dental professionals in bleaching is necessary to maximize the efficacy and minimize potential risks.
authors.affiliation: Center for Dental Research, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, 24876 Taylor Street, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA. yli@llu.edu
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced; D003815:Dentists; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012449:Safety; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000592:standards; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide