title: [The popular interpretation of strokes in ancient Galicia: the dragon myth].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The high prevalence and mortality of stroke has consequently brought about a wide presence of this pathology in the Galician pre-scientific folk medicine. A new interpretation of stroke, linked to the local tradition around the figure of Saint James the Apostle, is presented in this paper: stroke is considered to be the result of the evil influence of a dragon. In the Codex Calixtinus, a xii century manuscript containing various materials around the figure of Saint James, a dragon is also mentioned as an obstacle for the translation of the apostolic body.
  
  
  METHODS
  The third book of Codex Calixtinus containing the narration of the translation of the dead body of James the Greater from Palestine to its likely current location in Santiago de Compostela (Galicia, Spain), also holds the major written record of the dragon of the Pico Sacro mountain. The pagan symbol of the dragon has remained in the orally-transmitted Galician folk medicine as a direct cause for neurological diseases such as stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the first time, in our knowledge, the symbol of a dragon as the magical explanation for cerebral vascular disease has been described. Moreover, this mythical explanation, found only in the Galician folk medicine, is strongly linked to the legend of the translation of James the Apostle to Galicia. Such a link supports the originality of the narration in the Codex Calixtinus as opposed to other versions of the apostolic translation which can be found in other manuscripts.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España. juan.manuel.pias.peleteiro@sergas.es
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pías-Peleteiro
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castillo
mesh_terms: D005495:Folklore; D049690:History, Ancient; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D009488:Neurosciences / Q000266:history; D018597:Saints; D013030:Spain; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology