title: Prevention of biliary leaks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy more than two decades ago, the incidence of bile duct injury has remained greater than that established during the era of open cholecystectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article reviews the common causes of bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and makes recommendations that should help prevent these serious injuries from occurring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, although greater than during open cholecystectomy, can be minimized using specific operative strategies and dissection principles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Northwestern University, 251 E Huron St, Galter 3-150, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. nsoper@nmh.org
authors.forename: Nathaniel J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Soper
mesh_terms: D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*