title: Complications in pediatric osseointegrated implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report an accurate complication rate in pediatric osseointegrated implants in a large cohort of patients from a major center and to characterize the complications observed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care pediatric hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series with chart review of all consecutive patients receiving otologic osseointegrated implants at Cincinnati Children's Hospital since 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients undergoing osseointegrated implant placement were identified at Cincinnati Children's Hospital, and complication rates were tabulated and stratified to major and minor based on the need for surgical revision. Evaluations of syndromic and body mass index associations were performed, along with evaluation of length of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three patients were identified with 88 implants placed. Eighteen (42%) children had a diagnosis of a craniofacial syndrome. Overall, 19 (41.9%) returned to the operating suite, with a complication rate of 46.1%. A long duration of follow-up was obtained, and with this was identified an increasing risk of complications over time. Also identified was a significantly increased complication risk associated with a craniofacial syndrome. Body mass index was not found to be associated with complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Osseointegrated implants require frequent maintenance care from the surgeon. Complication rates are higher for children with a diagnosis of a craniofacial syndrome, and the risk of a complication increases significantly over a prolonged period of time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA. Jonathan.ida@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Jonathan B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ida
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mansfield
authors.forename: Jareen K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Meinzen-Derr
authors.forename: Daniel I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Choo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006310:Hearing Aids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006314:Hearing Loss, Conductive / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors