title: In vivo integrated photoacoustic and confocal microscopy of hemoglobin oxygen saturation and oxygen partial pressure.
abstract: We developed dual-modality microscope integrating photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) to noninvasively image hemoglobin oxygen saturation (sO₂) and oxygen partial pressure (pO₂) in vivo in single blood vessels with high spatial resolution. While PAM measures sO₂ by imaging hemoglobin optical absorption at two wavelengths, FCM quantifies pO₂ using phosphorescence quenching. The variations of sO₂ and pO₂ values in multiple orders of vessel branches under hyperoxic (100% oxygen) and normoxic (21% oxygen) conditions correlate well with the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve. In addition, the total concentration of hemoglobin is imaged by PAM at an isosbestic wavelength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1097, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maslov
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Younan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Lihong V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000818:Animals; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010313:Partial Pressure; D018511:Systems Integration
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010100:Oxygen