title: Influence of burning of fireworks on particle size distribution of PM10 and associated barium at Nagpur.
abstract: Influence of burning of fireworks on particle size distribution of PM(10) and associated barium (Ba) were studied at a congested residential cum commercial area of Nagpur city, India. Sampling was carried out by cascade impactor having 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameters of <10, 9, 5.8, 4.7, 3.3, 2.1, 1.1, 0.7, and <0.4 μm, 2 days before diwali, during diwali, celebrations of marriage functions, and New Year's Eve. Noticeably, increased levels of PM(10) and Ba were observed during diwali as compared to days before diwali and other activities. PM(10) levels were increased by four to nine times whereas Ba levels were increased by eight to 20 times higher in alveolar region, when compared with the levels observed before diwali. Probability of deposition of Ba mass in alveolar region varied between 14 and 27 ng/h with higher deposition when the burning of fireworks activity was lower near the site. Trimodal distribution of Ba was observed on the first 2 days of diwali at 0.4-2.1, 2.1-4.7, and 4.7 to less than PM(10) micrometer range. While on the third day, it appeared bimodal with 70% contribution in coarse fraction whereas on the fourth day, distribution appeared unimodal with 66% contribution in alveolar region (<0.4-1.1 μm). Distribution of Ba varied with respect to particle size, in accordance with the intensity of the fireworks used on different days and distance between the burning of firecrackers from the monitoring site.
authors.affiliation: Air Pollution Control Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India. khapardev@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Vaishali V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Khaparde
authors.forename: Pradeep P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Pipalatkar
authors.forename: Tushar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pustode
authors.forename: C V Chalapati
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Daulat G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Gajghate
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001464:Barium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005390:Fires; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001464:Barium