title: Possible mechanisms for N-acetyl cysteine and taurine in ameliorating acute renal failure induced by cisplatin in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cisplatin (CP), a broadly used anticancer drug, is widely known to induce acute renal failure as a result of renal tubular injury.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this study, the effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or taurine (TAU) for protection against CP-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single dose of CP 1 mg/kg b.wt. for 4 days was given IP to the rats, 10 days rest, and then the dose was repeated for other 4 days. After CP administration, NAC or TAU was given IP in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.wt. 3 times weekly for 8 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CP-induced nephrotoxicity is reflected in high values of blood urea and creatinine levels. In addition, the significant increase in the β(2)-MG and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase enzymes exhibited a strong correlation with histology scores of overall proximal tubule damage as compared with the normal control values. Treatment with TAU or NAC after CP administration significantly ameliorated CP-induced nephritic oxidation stress markers as compared with CP-treated group. On the other hand, treatment with TAU or NAC after CP administration significantly ameliorated CP-induced nephritic inflammation with possible attenuation of renal injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of CP-induced acute renal failure. The inhibition in oxidative stress and the elevation of the total antioxidant capacity as well as the inhibition of the inflammatory biomarkers by NAC or TAU after CP administration may play a central role in modulation of nephrotoxicity induced by CP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NAC and TAU have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory against CP-induced nephrotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hormones, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. drazizanrc@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Aziza B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Shalby
authors.forename: Naglaa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Assaf
authors.forename: Hanaa H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013654:Taurine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D013654:Taurine; D002945:Cisplatin; D000111:Acetylcysteine