title: Assessment of the in vivo genotoxicity of new lead compounds to treat sickle cell disease.
abstract: The compounds 1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl nitrate (C1), (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)ethyl nitrate (C2), 3-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)benzyl nitrate (C3), 4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-N-hydroxy-benzenesulfonamide (C4), 4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)benzyl nitrate (C5), and 2-[4-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)phenyl]ethyl nitrate (C6) were evaluated with a micronucleus test using mouse peripheral blood to identify new candidate drugs for the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) that are safer than hydroxyurea. The compounds induced an average frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes (MNRET) of less than six per 1,000 cells at 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, whereas hydroxyurea induced an average MNRET frequency of 7.8, 9.8, 15, and 33.7 per 1000 cells respectively, at the same concentrations. Compounds C1-C6 are new non-genotoxic in vivo candidate drugs for the treatment of SCD symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos (Lapdesf), Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara Jaú Km. 01, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil. santosjl@fcfar.unesp.br
authors.forename: Jean Leandro
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Longhin Bosquesi
authors.forename: Eliana Aparecida
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Varanda
authors.forename: Lídia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moreira Lima
authors.forename: Man Chin
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007211:Indoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D012475:Salmonella / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles