title: Examination of wireless technology to improve nurse communication, response time to bed alarms, and patient safety.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A medical-surgical unit in a southwestern United States hospital examined the results of adding wireless communication technology to assist nurses in identifying patient bed status changes and enhancing team communication. Following the addition of wireless communication, response time to patient calls and the number of nurse-initiated communications were compared to pre-wireless calls and response time sampling period.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In the baseline study, nurse-initiated communications and response time to patient calls were investigated for a team nursing model (Guarascio-Howard & Malloch, 2007). At this time, technology consisted of a nurse call system and telephones located at each decentralized nurse station and health unit coordinator (HUC) station. For this follow-up study, a wireless device was given to nurses and their team members following training on device use and privacy issues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four registered nurses (RNs) were shadowed for 8 hours (32 hours total) before and after the introduction of the wireless devices. Data were collected regarding patient room visits, number of patient calls, bed status calls, response time to calls, and the initiator of the communication episodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up study response time to calls significantly decreased (t-test p = .03). RNs and licensed practical nurses responded to bed status calls in less than 1 minute-62% of the 37 calls. Communication results indicated a significant shift (One Proportion Z Test) in RN-initiated communications, suggesting an enhanced ability to communicate with team members and to assist in monitoring patient status. Patient falls trended downward, although not significantly (p > .05), for a 6-month period of wireless technology use compared to the same period the previous year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of a wireless device has advantages in team nursing, namely increasing communication with staff members and decreasing response time to patient and bed status calls. Limitations of the study included a change in caregiver team members and issues regarding wireless device and locator badge compliance. Administrative issues that arose during this field study included bed and cable maintenance, device battery charging, and the training of new and floating team members.
authors.affiliation: E&S Consultants, Chandler, AZ 85249, USA. lghow@cox.net
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guarascio-Howard
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003142:Communication; D006747:Hospital Communication Systems; D006801:Humans; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000379:methods*; D019370:Observation; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011930:Reaction Time; D015206:Southwestern United States; D059015:Wireless Technology