title: Nanotechnologies for Alzheimer's disease: diagnosis, therapy, and safety issues.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common form of dementia worldwide, affecting more than 35 million people. Advances in nanotechnology are beginning to exert a significant impact in neurology. These approaches, which are often based on the design and engineering of a plethora of nanoparticulate entities with high specificity for brain capillary endothelial cells, are currently being applied to early AD diagnosis and treatment. In addition, nanoparticles (NPs) with high affinity for the circulating amyloid-β (Aβ) forms may induce "sink effect" and improve the AD condition. There are also developments in relation to in vitro diagnostics for AD, including ultrasensitive NP-based bio-barcodes, immunosensors, as well as scanning tunneling microscopy procedures capable of detecting Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1-42). However, there are concerns regarding the initiation of possible NP-mediated adverse events in AD, thus demanding the use of precisely assembled nanoconstructs from biocompatible materials. Key advances and safety issues are reviewed and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Le Droumaguet
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nicolas
authors.forename: S Hossein
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Lin-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: S Moein
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moghimi
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couvreur
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andrieux
mesh_terms: D000166:Acridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002867:Chromones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006046:Gold / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C548658:2-(4-(((7-diethylamino)-2,4-dioxo-2H-chromen-3(4H)-ylidenemethyl)amino)phenyl)-N-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-ylacetohydrazide; D000166:Acridines; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015415:Biomarkers; D002867:Chromones; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D013844:Thiazoles; C000499:ferric oxide; C009462:thioflavin T; D006046:Gold