title: Cellular adaptive inflammation mediates airway granulation in a murine model of subglottic stenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the contribution of B- and T-cell-mediated inflammation in a murine airway granulation model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pilot study in a modified murine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Philadelphia VA Medical Center Research Building.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laryngotracheal complexes (LTCs) from 54 donor C57BL/6 mice were harvested and divided into 3 groups: (1) uninjured, (2) mechanically injured using a wire brush, and (3) chemically injured using hydrochloric acid. One donor LTC from each group was placed in deep dorsal subcutaneous pockets of either severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)- or C57BL-recipient mice, for a total of 3 transplanted tracheas per recipient mouse. After 3 weeks, the transplanted LTCs were harvested from both C57BL- and SCID-recipient mice. Tissues were fixed, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Representative slides were reviewed by a blinded pathologist to determine the formation of granulation tissue and graded as to the degree of formation of granulation tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite significant granulation formation in C57BL-recipient mice, direct airway injury did not induce the formation of granulation tissue under the disrupted epithelium of airway mucosa in SCID mice 3 weeks after injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data indicate that the immune response that results in the formation of granulation tissue is mediated by circulating B- and/or T-cell processes rather than resident airway immune cells. Further studies focusing on cellular adaptive immune processes in response to airway injury may provide a novel treatment modality for subglottic stenosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. ankonag@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Ankona
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malaisrie
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Leahy
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singhal
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Einhorn
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Howlett
authors.forename: Noam A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Natasha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mirza
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006097:Granulation Tissue / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007820:Laryngeal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007829:Laryngostenosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology