title: Investigation of bacteremia following insertion of orthodontic mini-implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence of bacteremia in the bloodstream immediately after orthodontic mini-implant insertion, which can be an invasive procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples (10 mL) were taken before and after mini-implant insertion from 40 patients (18 males, 22 females; mean age 21.3 ± 7.7 years). These samples were inoculated into BacT/Alert aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and processed in a BacT/Alert 9240 Blood Culture System. The findings were analyzed with the McNemar test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No bacteremia was detected in the pretreatment samples, but it was in one of the postprocedure samples. The respective bacteria was Streptococcus sanguinis, which is strongly associated with bacterial endocarditis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orthodontic mini-implant placement might possibly be correlated to transitory bacteremia. Therefore, a very careful approach seems indicated when dealing with patients who are at risk for cardiopathic complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. tancanuysal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tancan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yagci
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Esel
authors.forename: Sabri Ilhan
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Ramoglu
authors.forename: Aytekin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kilinc
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000145:classification; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008904:Miniaturization; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants