title: Metallic ion content and damage to the DNA in oral mucosa cells of children with fixed orthodontic appliances.
abstract: Although the metal devices used in orthodontic treatments are manufactured highly resistance to corrosion, they may still suffer some localized corrosion resulting from the oral cavity conditions. The corrosion causes the release of metals from the alloys used for their manufacture. In this report, we evaluated the in vivo metal ions release of three alloys (stainless steel, titanium and nickel-free) usually used in the orthodontics treatments and its genotoxicity. We applied to 15 patients, between 12 and 16 years, 4 tubes and 20 brackets. Samples from oral mucosa were taken before the treatment and 30 days later. The concentration of the titanium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and iron were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The genotoxicity was measured with a comet assay (Olive moment). The oral mucosa cells in contact with the stainless steel alloy displayed the greatest titanium and manganese concentrations and those in contact with the nickel-free alloy presented the greatest concentration of chromium and iron. Both alloys, stainless steel and nickel-free, induced a higher DNA damage in the oral mucosa cells than the titanium alloy, in which the Olive moment was similar to controls. Based on the results of our study, we can conclude that titanium brackets and tubes are the most biocompatible of the three alloys.
authors.affiliation: Integral Pediatric Dentistry Teaching Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Avda. Marqués de los Vélez s/n, 30008, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández-Miñano
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.affiliation: Docent Unit of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, 30008, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Ascensión
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.affiliation: General Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, 30008, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Calvo Guirado
authors.affiliation: Integral Pediatric Dentistry Teaching Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Avda. Marqués de los Vélez s/n, 30008, Murcia, Spain. ajortiz@um.es.
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ortiz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000497:Alloys / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D007477:Ions / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D007477:Ions; D019216:Metals, Heavy