title: Time course of temperature effects on cardiovascular mortality in Brisbane, Australia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the lagged effects of mean temperature on deaths from cardiovascular diseases in Brisbane, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polynomial distributed lag models were used to assess the percentage increase in mortality up to 30 days associated with an increase (or decrease) of 1°C above (or below) the threshold temperature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brisbane, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  22 805 cardiovascular deaths registered between 1996 and 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  Deaths from cardiovascular diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show a longer lagged effect in cold days and a shorter lagged effect in hot days. For the hot effect, a statistically significant association was observed only for lag 0-1 days. The percentage increase in mortality was found to be 3.7% (95% CI 0.4% to 7.1%) for people aged ≥65 years and 3.5% (95% CI 0.4% to 6.7%) for all ages associated with an increase of 1°C above the threshold temperature of 24°C. For the cold effect, a significant effect of temperature was found for 10-15 lag days. The percentage estimates for older people and all ages were 3.1% (95% CI 0.7% to 5.7%) and 2.8% (95% CI 0.5% to 5.1%), respectively, with a decrease of 1°C below the threshold temperature of 24°C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lagged effects lasted longer for cold temperatures but were apparently shorter for hot temperatures. There was no substantial difference in the lag effect of temperature on mortality between all ages and those aged ≥65 years in Brisbane, Australia.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. weiwei.yu@qut.edu.au
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wenbiao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Kerrie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mengersen
authors.forename: Yuming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xiaochuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Des
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Connell
authors.forename: Shilu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011793:Queensland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants