title: Sucrose induces fatty liver and pancreatic inflammation in male breeder rats independent of excess energy intake.
abstract: Fructose induces metabolic syndrome in rats; but studies have been criticized for using high concentrations of fructose that are not physiologic, for using only pure fructose, and for not controlling for energy intake. We tested the hypothesis that a 40% sucrose diet (containing 20% fructose) might induce features of metabolic syndrome in male breeder rats independent of excess energy intake. Male Sprague-Dawley breeder rats were pair fed 40% sucrose or isocaloric starch diet for 4 months and evaluated for metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In vitro studies were performed in rat insulinoma cells (RIN-m5F) exposed to uric acid, and markers of inflammation were assessed. Rats fed a 40% sucrose diet developed accelerated features of metabolic syndrome with up-regulation of fructose-dependent transporter Glut5 and fructokinase. Fatty liver and low-grade pancreatic inflammation also occurred. Uric acid was found to stimulate inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in islet cells in vitro. Sucrose, at concentrations ingested by a subset of Americans, can accelerate metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in male breeder rats; and the effects are independent of excess energy intake.
authors.affiliation: Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80016, USA. carlos.roncal@ucdenver.edu
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Roncal-Jimenez
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lanaspa
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rivard
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: L Gabriela
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Lozada
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jalal
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andres-Hernando
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madero
authors.forename: Nanxing
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cicerchi
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mc Fann
authors.forename: Yuri Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Sautin
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D027321:Anion Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002149:Energy Intake; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology*; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D027321:Anion Transport Proteins; C554079:Slc22a12 protein, rat; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; D013213:Starch