title: Increased concentration of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and fibrinogen in individuals with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is closely linked to a generalized metabolic disorder referred to as insulin resistance. Disturbances in the hemostasis and fibrinolytic systems are a feature of MS. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration levels of fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in a group of patients with MS with respect to a non-MS group, and to evaluate their possible relation with other risk factors in MS. The study was carried out in a total of 186 male and female non-smoking individuals aged 45-64 years, 93 with MS (ATP III criteria) and 93 without MS. Plasmatic levels of PAI-1 were measured by ELISA, and those of fibrinogen by the Claus method. The plasmatic levels of PAI-1 (men 49.2±19.8 vs. 35.0±12.2 ng/ml and women 42.0±19.7 vs. 31.6±14.6 ng/ml; p=0.0026) and fibrinogen (274.0±82.1 vs. 232.7±66.6 ng/ml; p=0.0002) were significantly higher in the MS group than in the non-MS group. PAI-1 was significantly associated with diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides and waist circumference. Fibrinogen was negatively associated with HDL-c. High plasmatic levels of PAI-1 and fibrinogen contribute to the cardiovascular risk that characterizes individuals with MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, School of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile. ipalomo@utalca.cl.
authors.forename: Iván G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Palomo
authors.forename: César L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Marcelo L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Alarcón
authors.forename: Julio C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.forename: Fabián M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Segovia
authors.forename: Elba M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Leiva
authors.forename: Verónica E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Mujica
authors.forename: Gloria N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Icaza
authors.forename: Nora S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moore-Carrasco