title: Positive antibody response to vaccination in adolescence predicts lower C-reactive protein concentration in young adulthood in the Philippines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inflammation has been associated with a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases, but the developmental factors contributing to the regulation of inflammation are poorly understood. This study investigates the within-individual association between antibody response to vaccination in adolescence and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in young adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1998-99, at age 14-15 years, a subset of participants (N = 96) in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey were administered a typhoid vaccine, and baseline and follow-up blood samples were drawn to assess the strength of the antibody response to vaccination. In 2005, at age 20-21 years, blood samples were drawn from the full cohort for measurement of CRP. N = 74 individuals had complete data at both time points. Bivariate associations and multivariate logistic regression models were evaluated to test the hypothesis that vaccine responsiveness in adolescence was significantly associated with CRP level in young adulthood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a strong and statistically significant association between antibody response to vaccination in adolescence and CRP in young adulthood. Median CRP was more than four times higher among nonresponders than responders, and nonresponders were 2.3 to 3.6 times more likely to have CRP in the top tertile of the sample distribution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence for a prospective, within-individual link between more effective antibody-mediated immune defenses and lower levels of inflammation. In the context of prior research in this population, these results suggest that early environments are important determinants of multiple aspects of an individual's immuno-phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA. t-mcdade@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: McDade
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Adair
authors.forename: Alan B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Feranil
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuzawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010679:Philippines; D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014611:Vaccination; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines; D002097:C-Reactive Protein