title: Factors predictive of risk for complications in patients with oesophageal foreign bodies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reports on predictive risk factors associated with complications of ingested oesophageal foreign bodies are rare.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the predictive risk factors associated with the complications of oesophageal foreign bodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred sixteen cases with foreign bodies in the oesophagus were retrospectively investigated. The predictive risk factors for complications after foreign body ingestion were analysed by multivariate logistic regression, and included age, size and type of foreign body ingested, duration of impaction, and the level of foreign body impaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The types of oesophageal foreign bodies included fish bones (37.0%), food (19.0%), and metals (18.4%). The complications associated with foreign bodies were ulcers (21.2%), lacerations (14.9%), erosions (12.0%), and perforation (1.9%). Multivariate analysis showed that the duration of impaction (p<0.001), and the type (p<0.001) and size of the foreign bodies (p<0.001) were significant independent risk factors associated with the development of complications in patients with oesophageal foreign bodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with oesophageal foreign bodies, the risk of complications was increased with a longer duration of impaction, bone type, and larger size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Seong Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Hyuk Su
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Sung Kook
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min Kyu
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Chang Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Won Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.forename: Young Oh
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Kweon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004939:Esophageal Perforation / Q000209:etiology; D004947:Esophagus; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D022125:Lacerations / Q000209:etiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014456:Ulcer / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult