title: Icacina senegalensis (Icacinaceae), traditionally used for the treatment of malaria, inhibits in vitro Plasmodium falciparum growth without host cell toxicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With the aim of discovering new natural active extracts against malaria parasites, Icacina senegalensis was selected after an ethnopharmacological survey conducted on plants used in traditional malaria treatment in Senegal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different concentrations of the plant extract and fractions were tested on synchronized Plasmodium falciparum cultures at the ring stage using the parasite lactate dehydrogenase assay. Their haemolytic activity and in vitro cytoxicity were evaluated. The chromatographic profiles of active fractions were also established.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plant extract and fractions revealed anti-plasmodial activity (IC50 < 5 μg/mL) with no toxicity (Selectivity indexes >10). The dichloromethane fraction showed stronger anti-plasmodial activity than the total extract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anti-plasmodial activity and toxicity of I. senegalensis are reported for the first time and showed promising results in malaria field research.
authors.affiliation: Equipe de Chimie Analytique des Molécules BioActives IPHC-LC4, UMR 7178, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74, route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Serigne O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Sarr
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perrotey
authors.forename: Ibrahima
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fall
authors.forename: Saïd
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ennahar
authors.forename: Minjie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yérim M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Diop
authors.forename: Ermanno
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Candolfi
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchioni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020834:Ethnopharmacology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D012675:Senegal
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D010936:Plant Extracts; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase