title: Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for anxiety and depression in adults with mild intellectual disabilities (ID): a pilot randomised controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have showed that people with intellectual disabilities (ID) have suitable skills to undergo cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Case studies have reported successful use of cognitive behavioural therapy techniques (with adaptations) in people with ID. Modified cognitive behavioural therapy may be a feasible and effective approach for the treatment of depression, anxiety, and other mood disorders in ID. To date, two studies have reported group-based manaulised cognitive behavioural treatment programs for depression in people with mild ID. However, there is no individual manualised programme for anxiety or depression in people with intellectual disabilities. The aims of the study are to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial for CBT in people with ID. The data will inform the power calculation and other aspects of carrying out a definitive randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty participants with mild ID will be allocated randomly to either CBT or treatment as usual (TAU). The CBT group will receive up to 20 hourly individual CBT over a period of 4 months. TAU is the standard treatment which is available to any adult with an intellectual disability who is referred to the intellectual disability service (including care management, community support, medical, nursing or social support). Beck Youth Inventories (Beck Anxiety Inventory & Beck Depression Inventory) will be administered at baseline; end of treatment (4 months) and at six months to evaluate the changes in depression and anxiety. Client satisfaction, quality of life and the health economics will be secondary outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The broad outcome of the study will be to produce clear guidance for therapists to apply an established psychological intervention and identify how and whether it works with people with intellectual disabilities.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN: ISRCTN38099525.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health Sciences, University College Medical School, Charles Bell House, 67-73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EY, UK. a.hassiotis@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hassiotis
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serfaty
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Azam
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strydom
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parkes
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blizard
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000191:economics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology*; D008131:London; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D019989:Persons with Intellectual Disabilities / Q000523:psychology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D012107:Research Design; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome