title: Effects of chemically defined medium on early development of porcine embryos derived from parthenogenetic activation and cloning.
abstract: The present study was to investigate if a completely chemically defined medium (PZM-4) could support the early development of porcine embryos derived from parthenogenetic activation (PA) and cloning (somatic cell nuclear transfer, SCNT), and to lay the foundation for determining the physiological roles of certain supplements in this medium. Porcine embryos derived from PA and SCNT were cultured in media: PZM-3 (a chemically semi-defined medium), PZM-4 (a fully defined medium), and PZM-5 (an undefined medium). Early embryo development was observed. We found that the three medium groups (PZM-3, PZM-4 and PZM-5) exhibited no significant differences in cleavage rates of PA embryos (p > 0.05), while the blastocyst rate in PZM-3 was significantly higher than in PZM-4 and PZM-5 (78.9% vs. 36.0% and 52.3%) (p < 0.05). Moreover, total cell number per blastocyst in PZM-3 was clearly higher than in PZM-5 but similar to that in PZM-4. As for SCNT embryos, no significant differences were observed for the cleavage rates or the blastocyst rates among the three groups (p > 0.05). However, total cell number per blastocyst in PZM-3 was notably higher than in PZM-5, but was similar to that in PZM-4. In conclusion, our results suggested that the completely chemically defined medium PZM-4 can be used to efficiently support the early development of porcine PA and SCNT embryos.
authors.affiliation: Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei city, Anhui Province 230036, China.
authors.forename: Zubing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Liucai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Yunsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Suofei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yunhai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D019976:Cloning, Organism; D003470:Culture Media; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media