title: Anterior and posterior knee laxity in a young adult Korean population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study were (1) to determine normal anterior and posterior knee laxity in a healthy young adult (20-30 years old) Korean population, (2) to compare knee laxity between the male and female populations, (3) to investigate whether generalized joint laxity affects anterior and posterior knee laxity, (4) to determine side-side differences between right and left knees, and thus, to determine normal values of side-side differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normal values of anterior and posterior knee laxity were measured in 100 healthy volunteers (50 men and 50 women) aged between 20 and 30 years. Stress radiography using a Telos device was performed in 20 and 70° of knee flexion for 134N anterior and posterior loads. Anterior and posterior tibial displacements relative to the femur condyle were measured using a computerized system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 100 subjects (200 knees), anterior knee laxity was greater at 20° of flexion with a mean of 4.9 ± 2.3 mm (P < 0.05) and posterior knee laxity was greater at 70° of flexion with a mean of 4.6 ± 2.7 mm (P < 0.05). The mean side-side difference was 1.4 ± 0.9 mm (range, -3 to +3). Women had greater anterior laxity (P < 0.05) than men at both 20 and 70° of flexion, but posterior laxity was not different (ns). Generalized joint laxity was greater in women compared to men (P < 0.05). Subjects with generalized joint laxity had greater laxity than normal populations in both 20 and 70° of flexion (P < 0.05). Side-side differences between right and left knees were not significantly different in women and men or between subjects with normal and generalized joint laxity (ns).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that the Korean population exhibits a wide range of normal anterior and posterior knee laxity, but small side-side differences. Subjects with generalized laxity showed greater knee laxity than those without, but side-side differences were less than 3 mm in all subjects. Thus, clinical guideline that a side-side difference more than 3 mm of anterior knee laxity is abnormal can be applicable for the subjects with generalized laxity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hong-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Young-Goo
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joon-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jong-Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Dong-Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Young-Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical