title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression in the lung tissue of obese rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity is a risk factor for asthma and type II diabetes. Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor (PPAR)-γ has been suggested to regulate inflammatory responses in diabetes and asthma. We investigated whether PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1, AdipoR2), leptin, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are expressed in rat lung tissues and whether the expression differs between obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) and lean Long Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obese and lean rats were given with a high fat diet or a 30% restricted diet for 32 weeks, and their blood glucose levels and weights were monitored. After 32 weeks, mRNA levels of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, leptin, and TNF-α in lung tissues were measured using real time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, leptin, and TNF-α were expressed in both obese and lean rat lung tissues. Increased serum glucose levels on intraperitoneal glucose tolerance testing and a higher weight gain at 32 weeks were observed in OLETF control rats compared to OLETF diet restricted rats. PPAR-γ expression was markedly elevated in obese control and diet restricted rats compared to lean rats, although PPAR-γ expression in obese rats was not affected by diet restriction. Leptin was highly expressed in OLETF rats compared to LETO rats. TNF-α expression was enhanced in OLETF control rats compared LETO diet restricted rats, and decreased by diet restriction. PPAR-α, AdipoR1, and AdipoR2 expression were not significantly different between obese and lean rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PPAR-γ was highly expressed in the lung tissues of obese rats and may be a novel treatment target for regulating lung inflammation associated with obesity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 110-746, Korea.
authors.forename: Su Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jung Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Deok Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Duk Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hye Lim
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Moon Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Won Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Se-Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jung Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D020738:Leptin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C504339:adiponectin receptor 1, rat; C506573:adiponectin receptor 2, rat