title: Mild mitochondrial uncoupling and calorie restriction increase fasting eNOS, akt and mitochondrial biogenesis.
abstract: Enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis promoted by eNOS activation is believed to play a central role in the beneficial effects of calorie restriction (CR). Since treatment of mice with dinitrophenol (DNP) promotes health and lifespan benefits similar to those observed in CR, we hypothesized that it could also impact biogenesis. We found that DNP and CR increase citrate synthase activity, PGC-1α, cytochrome c oxidase and mitofusin-2 expression, as well as fasting plasma levels of NO• products. In addition, eNOS and Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue was activated in fasting CR and DNP animals. Overall, our results indicate that systemic mild uncoupling activates eNOS and Akt-dependent pathways leading to mitochondrial biogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Cerqueira
authors.forename: Francisco R M
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Laurindo
authors.forename: Alicia J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kowaltowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009573:Nitrites; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt