title: Virological surveillance and phylogenetic analysis of the PB2 genes of influenza viruses isolated from wild water birds flying from their nesting lakes in Siberia to Hokkaido, Japan in autumn.
abstract: Recent introduction of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in wild birds from poultry in Eurasia signaled the possibility that this virus may perpetuate in nature. Surveillance of avian influenza especially in migratory birds, therefore, has been conducted to provide information on the viruses brought by them to Hokkaido, Japan, from their nesting lakes in Siberia in autumn. During 2008-2009, 62 influenza viruses of 21 different combinations of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) subtypes were isolated. Up to September 2010, no HPAIV has been found, indicating that H5N1 HPAIV has not perpetuated at least dominantly in the lakes where ducks nest in summer in Siberia. The PB2 genes of 54 influenza viruses out of 283 influenza viruses isolated in Hokkaido in 2000-2009 were phylogenetically analysed. None of the genes showed close relation to those of H5N1 HPAIVs that were detected in wild birds found dead in Eurasia on the way back to their northern territory in spring.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Rozanah Asmah Abdul
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Samad
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakoda
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simulundu
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manzoor
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamatsu
authors.forename: Kimihito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D004372:Ducks / Q000821:virology*; D005814:Genes, Viral; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012800:Siberia; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: C057027:PB2 protein, Influenzavirus A; D014764:Viral Proteins; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase