title: Integration of soil application and seed treatment formulations of Trichoderma species for management of wet root rot of mungbean caused by Rhizoctonia solani.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of seed dressing and soil application formulations from the isolates of Trichoderma viride (IARI P1; MTCC 5369), T. virens (IARI P3; MTCC 5370) and T. harzianum (IARI P4; MTCC 5371) were evaluated individually and in combination in pot and field experiments during the rainy seasons of 2005, 2006 and 2007 for the management of wet root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) and improvement in the yield of mungbean.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A seed dressing formulation, Pusa 5SD, and soil application formulations, Pusa Biogranule 6 (PBG 6) and Pusa Biopellet 16G (PBP 16G), based on Trichoderma virens, were found to be superior to other formulations in reducing disease incidence and increasing seed germination and shoot and root lengths in mungbean. In field experiments, a combination of soil application with PBP 16G (T. virens) and seed treatment with Pusa 5SD (T. virens) + carboxin was superior to any of these formulations individually in increasing seed germination, shoot and root lengths and grain yield and reducing wet root rot incidence in mungbean. Seed treatment was more effective than soil application for all the evaluated parameters. The combined application of Pusa 5SD and carboxin was also superior to individual treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficacy of the evaluated formulations against wet root rot of mungbean proved that the integration of soil application of PBP 16G and seed treatment with Pusa 5SD + carboxin is highly effective for the management of wet root rot, increasing plant growth and grain yield of mungbean.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. scdube2002@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Sunil C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.forename: Ranganaicker
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhavani
authors.forename: Birendra
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000898:Antibiosis; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D012232:Rhizoctonia / Q000502:physiology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000502:physiology; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000502:physiology*