title: Dual chamber pacemaker implants--a new opportunity in Pakistan for children with congenital and acquired complete heart block.
abstract: Implantation of cardiac pacemakers has been practiced for at least five decades with continuous developments of the hardware. The invention of dual chamber pacemakers has initiated a debate concerning its superiority over single chamber ventricular pacemakers. Throughout the world, surgeons have been using dual chambered permanent pacemakers with successful follow ups. However, Pakistan has not yet taken the advantage of such pacemaker devices till now. We report three cases that underwent a dual chamber permanent pacemaker implantation for the first time in children less than 8 kg with successful follow ups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
authors.forename: Awais
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ashfaq
authors.forename: Mansoor Ahmed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Mehnaz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atiq
authors.forename: Muhammad Muneer
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Amanullah
mesh_terms: D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006327:Heart Block / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D012804:Sick Sinus Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome