title: Headaches during pregnancy.
abstract: Among primary headaches, migraine is the form more sensitive to the ovarian hormonal milieu. Migraine without aura (MO) benefits from the hyperestrogenic state of pregnancy and the lack of hormonal fluctuations, while migraine with aura (MA) presents distinctive features. Indeed, a very strong improvement of MO has been documented across gestation, and only a minority of pregnant women still suffers during the third trimester. On the other hand, fewer women with MA report improvement or remission, and new onset of aura may be observed during pregnancy. After delivery, breastfeeding exerts a protective action on migraine recurrence. The persistence of migraine during gestation seems to affect neonatal outcomes, and several studies indicate a link between migraine and an increased risk of developing gestational hypertension/preeclampsia and other vascular complications.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Reproductive Medicine, Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Morphological, Eidological and Clinical Sciences, University of Pavia, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Piazzale Golgi 2, Pavia 27100, Italy. renappi@tin.it
authors.forename: Rossella E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Albani
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sances
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Terreno
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Polatti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D051270:Headache Disorders, Primary / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D020325:Migraine with Aura; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular