title: Cigarette smoke combined with staining beverages decreases luminosity and increases pigmentation in composite resin restorations.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of cigarette smoke combined or not with colored beverages on the color change of a composite resin before and after repolishing procedures. Composite specimens were allocated into six groups (N = 10): 1) control (no colorant); 2) cigarette smoke; 3) coffee; 4) coffee and cigarette smoke; 5) red wine; and 6) red wine and cigarette smoke. During 21 days, groups 2, 4, and 6 were exposed daily to the smoke from 20 cigarettes, and groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were immersed in coffee or red wine for 4 minutes each day. Color measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer at baseline, after 21 days, and after repolishing procedures. Statistical analysis indicated the exposure to cigarette smoke and staining beverages resulted in decreased luminosity (P = .0001) and increased red pigmentation in most experimental groups (P < .05). In groups 3, 4, and 6, an increased yellowish coloration (P = .001) was observed. Irrespective of the experimental group, total color changes were clinically significant (AE > 7.5). Repolishing resulted in greater luminosity, as well as decreased yellow pigmentation (P < .05). It could be concluded that combined staining agents such as cigarette smoke and red wine irreversibly change resin color regardless of the use of repolishing procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mathias
authors.forename: Thais Aranha
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Andrea Nóbrega
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.forename: Max José Pimenta
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Céres Mendonça
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Fontes
authors.forename: Getulio da Rocha
authors.initials: Gda R
authors.lastname: Nogueira-Filho
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages; D003069:Coffee; D003116:Color; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003775:Dental Polishing; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D012906:Smoke; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014026:Nicotiana; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; C474035:Filtek Supreme; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D012906:Smoke; C533204:filtek Z350