title: Sequential generation of olfactory bulb glutamatergic neurons by Neurog2-expressing precursor cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While the diversity and spatio-temporal origin of olfactory bulb (OB) GABAergic interneurons has been studied in detail, much less is known about the subtypes of glutamatergic OB interneurons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied the temporal generation and diversity of Neurog2-positive precursor progeny using an inducible genetic fate mapping approach. We show that all subtypes of glutamatergic neurons derive from Neurog2 positive progenitors during development of the OB. Projection neurons, that is, mitral and tufted cells, are produced at early embryonic stages, while a heterogeneous population of glutamatergic juxtaglomerular neurons are generated at later embryonic as well as at perinatal stages. While most juxtaglomerular neurons express the T-Box protein Tbr2, those generated later also express Tbr1. Based on morphological features, these juxtaglomerular cells can be identified as tufted interneurons and short axon cells, respectively. Finally, targeted electroporation experiments provide evidence that while the majority of OB glutamatergic neurons are generated from intrabulbar progenitors, a small portion of them originate from extrabulbar regions at perinatal ages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We provide the first comprehensive analysis of the temporal and spatial generation of OB glutamatergic neurons and identify distinct populations of juxtaglomerular interneurons that differ in their antigenic properties and time of origin.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Centre for Brain Repair, Robinson Way, CB2 0PY Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Winpenny
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lebel-Potter
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Monika S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Brill
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Götz
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillemot
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Raineteau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018274:Electroporation; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000502:physiology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007606:Juxtaglomerular Apparatus / Q000294:innervation; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; D013629:Tamoxifen; C491198:Eomes protein, mouse; C492380:NeuN protein, mouse; C102938:Neurog2 protein, mouse; C000605732:Pax6 protein, mouse; C492271:Tbr1 protein, mouse