title: PIKA provides an adjuvant effect to induce strong mucosal and systemic humoral immunity against SARS-CoV.
abstract: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a deadly infectious disease caused by SARS Coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Inactivated SARS-CoV has been explored as a vaccine against SARS-CoV. However, safe and potent adjuvants, especially with more efficient and economical needle-free vaccination are always needed more urgently in a pandemic. The development of a safe and effective mucosal adjuvant and vaccine for prevention of emergent infectious diseases such as SARS will be an important advancement. PIKA, a stabilized derivative of Poly (I:C), was previously reported to be safe and potent as adjuvant in mouse models. In the present study, we demonstrated that the intraperitoneal and intranasal co-administration of inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine together with this improved Poly (I:C) derivative induced strong anti-SARS-CoV mucosal and systemic humoral immune responses with neutralizing activity against pseudotyped virus. Although intraperitoneal immunization of inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine alone could induce a certain level of neutralizing activity in serum as well as in mucosal sites, co-administration of inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine with PIKA as adjuvant could induce a much higher neutralizing activity. When intranasal immunization was used, PIKA was obligatorily for inducing neutralizing activity in serum as well as in mucosal sites and was correlated with both mucosal IgA and mucosal IgG response. Overall, PIKA could be a good mucosal adjuvant candidate for inactivated SARS-CoV vaccine for use in possible future pandemic.
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Wei-wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Gai
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Di-han
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yao-qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jing-yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hui-min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D014611:Vaccination; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D011070:Poly I-C