title: Reliability and validity of the Taiwan (Mandarin Chinese) version of the chronic respiratory questionnaire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The chronic respiratory disease questionnaire (CRQ) has been validated and proved useful in assessing therapies for pulmonary diseases. We translated the CRQ into a Taiwan (Mandarin Chinese) version and surveyed its validity and reliability.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CRQ includes 20 items divided into four domains: dyspnea, fatigue, emotional function, and mastery. We followed a forward-back translation procedure to create the Taiwan version. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Participants underwent tests including the CRQ, the medical outcomes study short form (SF-36), the St. George respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), lung function tests (LFTs), and a graded exercise test (GET). We used Cronbach's alpha to evaluate the internal consistency of the CRQ, intraclass coefficient for test-retest reliability, and Spearman's correlation for validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-six men and 4 women (mean age 67.9 ± 9.9 years) were recruited. Evidence of good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent, discriminant, concurrent, and construct validity of the CRQ was shown. Spearman's correlation showed moderate-to-strong correlation between the CRQ scores and scores of the SGRQ, subscales of the SF-36, and the results of LFTs and GET.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Taiwan version of the CRQ shows good validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Nai-Hsin
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Fei-Na
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sui-Foon
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Sui-Fon
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Wei-Erh
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D013624:Taiwan; D014177:Translations