title: MR Spectroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
abstract: In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H MRS) is rapidly becoming useful as a clinical tool for diagnosing and characterizing breast cancers. Alterations of the levels of choline-containing metabolites are associated with malignancy. High-field MR scanners at 1.5 T, 3 T, 4 T, and 7 T have been used to evaluate the role of (1)H MRS measurements of total choline containing compounds in patients with breast cancer. This article will review clinical use of MRI/MRS in vivo. Newer developments in high field MR scanning and quantitative MRS may help breast imagers improve sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing and treating breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Minneapolis, MN 55455.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Lenore I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Everson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garwood
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emory
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bolan