title: Periodontal disease in adults with untreated congenital growth hormone deficiency: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the possible associations between isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) and periodontal attachment loss (PAL) in adults affected by congenital IGHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five previously identified IGHD subjects were eligible for this study. The final study sample comprised 32 cases (gender:20M/12F; age:44.8 ± 17.5) matched for age, gender, diabetes, smoking status and income to 32 controls (non-IGHD subjects). Participants were submitted to a full-mouth clinical examination of six sites per tooth and were interviewed using a structured, written questionnaire. Periodontitis was defined as proximal PAL≥5 mm affecting ≥30% of teeth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were observed in the percentage of sites with visible plaque between IGHD and non-IGHD subjects (59.4% versus 46.9%, p=0.32). IGHD subjects had significant less supragingival calculus (31.3% versus 59.4%, p=0.02) and more bleeding on probing (71.9% versus 18.8%, p<0.01) than controls. PAL≥5 mm was significantly more prevalent (100% versus 71.9%, p<0.01) and affected more teeth (30.5% versus 6.7%, p<0.01) in cases than in controls. After adjusting for supragingival calculus, IGHD cases had a higher likelihood of having periodontitis than controls (OR=17.4-17.8, 95% CI=2.3-134.9, p=0.004-0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Congenital IGHD subjects have a greater chance of having PAL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isabella M P Araujo
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Britto
authors.forename: Manuel H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Aguiar-Oliveira
authors.forename: Luiz A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Oliveira-Neto
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvatori
authors.forename: Anita H Oliveira
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Vanessa Porto
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corraini
authors.forename: Claudio Mendes
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pannuti
authors.forename: Giuseppe Alexandre
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Romito
authors.forename: Francisco Emílio
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Pustiglioni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004393:Dwarfism, Pituitary / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000235:genetics; D018017:Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone / Q000235:genetics; D012907:Smoking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide; D018017:Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone; C048250:somatotropin releasing hormone receptor