title: Effect of Inula racemosa root extract on cardiac function and oxidative stress against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction.
abstract: The cardioprotective potential of Inula racemosa root hydroalcoholic extract against isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction was investigated in rats. The rats treated with isoproterenol (85 mg/kg, s.c.) exhibited myocardial infarction, as evidenced by significant (P < 0.05) decrease in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, contractility, relaxation along with increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure, as well as decreased endogenous myocardial enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Isoproterenol also significantly (P < 0.05) induced lipid peroxidation and increased leakage of myocyte injury marker enzymes. Pretreatment with I. racemosa extract (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg per day, p.o.) for 21 consecutive days, followed by isoproterenol injections on days 19th and 20th significantly (P < 0.05) improved cardiac function by increasing the heart rate, mean arterial pressure, contractility and relaxation along with decreasing left ventricular end diastolic pressure. Pretreatment with I. racemosa also significantly (P < 0.05) restored the reduced form of glutathione and endogenous antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase from the heart, which were depleted after isoproterenol administration. In addition to restoration of antioxidants, I. racemosa significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited lipid peroxidation and prevented the leakage of myocytes specific marker enzymes creatine phosphokinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase from the heart. Thus, it is concluded that I. racemosa protects heart from isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury by reducing oxidative stress and modulating hemodynamic and ventricular functions of the heart. Present study findings demonstrate the cardioprotective effect of I. racemosa and support the pharmacological relevance of its use and cardioprotection mechanism in ischemic heart disease as well as substantiate its traditional claim.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Shreesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ojha
authors.forename: Saurabh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bharti
authors.forename: Ashok K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.forename: Jagriti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: Santosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.forename: Dharamvir Singh
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Arya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D038143:Inula; D007545:Isoproterenol; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D005978:Glutathione; D007545:Isoproterenol