title: The emergence of concurrent HIV-1/AIDS and visceral leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil.
abstract: HIV has become increasingly prevalent in the Northeast region of Brazil where Leishmania infantum chagasi is endemic, and concurrent AIDS and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has emerged. In this study, persons with HIV/AIDS and VL (n=17) had a mean age of 37.3 years (range 29-53 years) compared with 12.5 years (1-80 years) for persons with VL alone (n=2836). Males accounted for 88% of cases with concurrent VL and AIDS and 65% of those with VL alone. The mean CD4 count and antileishmanial antibody titre were lower and recurrence of VL and death were more likely with co-infection. Considering the prevalences of L.i. chagasi and HIV in the region, this may herald the emergence of an important public health problem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: M L N
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Barroso
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Rego
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jeronimo
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011634:Public Health; D055815:Young Adult