title: Platelet-released growth factors can accelerate tenocyte proliferation and activate the anti-oxidant response element.
abstract: Little is know about the pathophysiology of acute and degenerative tendon injuries. Although most lesions are uncomplicated, treatment is long and unsatisfactory in a considerable number of cases. Besides the common growth factors that were shown to be relevant for tendon integrity more recently protection against oxidative stress was shown to promote tendon healing. To improve tendon regeneration, many have advocated the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a thrombocyte concentrate that can serve as an autologous source of growth factors. In this study, we investigated the effect of platelet-released growth factors (PRGF) on tenocytes. Tenocytes were isolated from the Achilles tendon of postnatal rats. Tenocyte cell cultures were stimulated with PRGF. We used a CyQuant assay and WST assay to analyse tendon cell growth and viability in different concentrations of PRGF. Migration and proliferation of cells grown in PRGF were assessed by a scratch test. A dual-luciferase assay was used to demonstrate the activation of the anti-oxidant response element (ARE) in tenocytes. A positive effect of PRGF could be shown on tendon cell growth and migratory capacity. PRGF activated the Nrf2-ARE pathway in a dose-dependent manner. Here, we provide evidence of a biological effect of PRGF on tenocytes by the promotion of tenocyte growth and activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway. This is a novel aspect of the action of platelet concentrates on tendon growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tohidnezhad
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Varoga
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wruck
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Brandenburg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seekamp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shakibaei
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Sönmez
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pufe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lippross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020218:Response Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D013710:Tendons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495637:Nfe2l2 protein, rat