title: Endometrial gene expression in the window of implantation is altered in obese women especially in association with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether luteal phase endometrial transcriptome is altered in obese women during the window of implantation (WOI), considering the presence of infertility, fat distribution and association with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated infertility clinic, between May 2007 and March 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  One control group of women with normal weight (n=4), and four study groups of obese women (n=6 each one) according to the association with infertility, PCOS, and ovarian stimulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The endometrium was biopsied 7 days after LH surge or hCG administration in 28 women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial gene expression during the WOI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and fifty-one genes were dysregulated in obese groups compared with controls. This dysregulation was more pronounced when infertility was associated. The biologic processes of these genes belonged mainly to development and regulation of different biological functions such as transcription and biosynthesis. The molecular functions overrepresented were transcription and peptide receptor activity. The endometrium of obese women with PCOS showed dysregulated genes related to biologic processes such as development, morphogenesis, and the immune system, as well as different molecular functions such as protein binding, binding, growth factor activity, and carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity. Some of these genes have been previously related to implantation and unexplained infertility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obese women present a different endometrial gene expression than controls during the WOI, which is more pronounced when infertility or polycystic ovary syndrome are associated.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain. jbellver@ivi.es
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellver
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez-Conejero
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Labarta
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alamá
authors.forename: Marco Antonio Barreto
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Remohí
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellicer
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Horcajadas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000235:genetics*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000235:genetics; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013030:Spain; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female