title: Behavioral and cardiovascular responses to frustration during simulated driving tasks in young adults with and without attention disorder symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study examined the role of negative emotions on driving performance in relation to ADHD, by comparing young adults scoring high on measures of ADHD (n = 20) with a control group (n = 22).
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors used cardiorespiratory physiological measures, simulated driving behavior, and self-report to examine how participants with high and low ADHD symptoms responded to frustration and to determine how frustration affected simulated driving performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups did not differ in operational driving skills, but participants with high ADHD symptoms reported more frustration and exhibited more impairment at the tactical level of driving performance than the controls. There was significant suppression of respiratory sinus arrhythmia from resting baseline during tasks, but it did not differ between groups during driving.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article proposes that remedial driver training for ADHD populations should focus more on the control of negative emotions rather than on attention or fundamental driving skills.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Experimental Psychology, Central Michigan University, 101 Sloan Hall, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA. michele.oliver@cmich.edu
authors.forename: Michele L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Joel T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Nigg
authors.forename: Nicholas D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Cassavaugh
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Backs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005639:Frustration; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*