title: Magnification in modern endodontic practice.
abstract: The use of magnification devices in endodontics is becoming more and more common, with the aim of improving the quality of treatment. The common magnification systems used in modern endodontics are the surgical operation microscope, fiber-optic endoscope, and surgical loupes. The benefits of using magnification devices for conventional endodontic treatment include the increased visualization of the treatment field, enhanced possibilities in locating canals, aid in the removal of separated instruments, diagnosis of root and tooth fractures, perforation repair, and case documentation. In endodontic surgery, the use of magnification improves the ability to locate, clean, and fill the root canal system, thus achieving a predictable outcome. Further evidence-based research might better clarify the advantages and limitations of using magnification in endodontic practice.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Dept. of Odontology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taschieri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Fabbro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsesis
mesh_terms: D003748:Dental Equipment; D003814:Dentistry, Operative / Q000295:instrumentation; D004708:Endodontics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D019723:Endoscopes; D006801:Humans; D007909:Lenses; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods