title: Degradation, bioactivity, and osteogenic potential of composites made of PLGA and two different sol-gel bioactive glasses.
abstract: We have developed poly(L: -lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) based composites using sol-gel derived bioactive glasses (S-BG), previously described by our group, as composite components. Two different composite types were manufactured that contained either S2-high content silica S-BG, or A2-high content lime S-BG. The composites were evaluated in the form of sheets and 3D scaffolds. Sheets containing 12, 21, and 33 vol.% of each bioactive glass were characterized for mechanical properties, wettability, hydrolytic degradation, and surface bioactivity. Sheets containing A2 S-BG rapidly formed a hydroxyapatite surface layer after incubation in simulated body fluid. The incorporation of either S-BG increased the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the composites and tailored their degradation rates compared to starting compounds. Sheets and 3D scaffolds were evaluated for their ability to support growth of human bone marrow cells (BMC) and MG-63 cells, respectively. Cells were grown in non-differentiating, osteogenic or osteoclast-inducing conditions. Osteogenesis was induced with either recombinant human BMP-2 or dexamethasone, and osteoclast formation with M-CSF. BMC viability was lower at higher S-BG content, though specific ALP/cell was significantly higher on PLGA/A2-33 composites. Composites containing S2 S-BG enhanced calcification of extracellular matrix by BMC, whereas incorporation of A2 S-BG in the composites promoted osteoclast formation from BMC. MG-63 osteoblast-like cells seeded in porous scaffolds containing S2 maintained viability and secreted collagen and calcium throughout the scaffolds. Overall, the presented data show functional versatility of the composites studied and indicate their potential to design a wide variety of implant materials differing in physico-chemical properties and biological applications. We propose these sol-gel derived bioactive glass-PLGA composites may prove excellent potential orthopedic and dental biomaterials supporting bone formation and remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza Ave. 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pamula
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kokoszka
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cholewa-Kowalska
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laczka
authors.forename: Lukasz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kantor
authors.forename: Lukasz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niedzwiedzki
authors.forename: Gwendolen C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Filipowska
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Madej
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolodziejczyk
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tylko
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Osyczka
mesh_terms: D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002460:Cell Line; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis; D044367:Phase Transition; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D016062:Porosity; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003907:Dexamethasone