title: Associates of stigma in an incident epilepsy population from northern Manhattan, New York City.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stigma is associated with prevalent epilepsy, but its association with incident epilepsy is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 209 children and adults with incident seizures from the diverse impoverished community of northern Manhattan. We interviewed 94 participants, aged 16 and older, about lifetime history of depression, health status, medical history, and stigma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 18 (22.5%) participants reported experiencing stigma. Stigma was reported by 9 (50.0%) with depression and 9 (14.5%) without depression (P=0.002). At 1 year, 7 (8.1%) participants reported experiencing stigma. Stigma was reported by 5 (31.3%) with depression versus 1 (1.6%) without depression (P<0.0001). At both time points, odds of stigma increased when lifetime history of depression and fair/poor health was present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous work revealed negative effects of prevalent epilepsy on stigma. In the low-income, predominantly Hispanic community of northern Manhattan, we found incident epilepsy was associated with stigma when lifetime history of depression or fair/poor health was present.
authors.affiliation: G.H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Emily B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Leaffer
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacoby
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benn
authors.forename: W Allen
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dayan
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Thurman
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hesdorffer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D057545:Social Stigma; D055815:Young Adult