title: Window into the complexities of chromosome interactomes.
abstract: DNA is folded into increasingly complex yet highly mobile structures to organize the chromosomes. In the interphase nucleus, chromosomes or part of the chromosomes encounter one another preferentially at the boundaries between chromosomal territories. Although this situation implies that the preferred chromosomal neighborhood is a key determinant of interactions between chromosomes, what this means in functional terms is currently not well understood. Using the H19 imprinting control region as a window, it has been demonstrated that epigenetic information of the primary chromatin fiber has dual functions. Thus, epigenetic marks not only influence the proximity between chromatin fibers but also transfer epigenetic states between chromatin fibers both in cis and in trans. High-throughput sequence and DNA fluorescence it situ hybridization (FISH) analyses reveal that these features require chromatin movements that are restricted in space and time. The mechanisms involved in the establishment of chromosome interactomes may provide insight of fundamental importance into pivotal regulatory processes in the nucleus, such as the coordination of transcriptional programs and replication timing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Göndör
authors.forename: A Fernandez
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Woodbridge
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aurell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imreh
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohlsson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D058732:Embryoid Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D018392:Genomic Imprinting / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; C000619697:CTCF protein, human; D002843:Chromatin; C094335:H19 long non-coding RNA; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D012097:Repressor Proteins