title: Gold sodium thiomalate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in a patient with hepatitis B.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a case of gold sodium thiomalate use for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in a patient with hepatitis B.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 53-year-old Korean American woman with mild RA and chronic hepatitis B infection was treated for worsening RA symptoms with subcutaneous injections of gold sodium thiomalate for 21 months, with the dosage decreased from the initial 40 mg per week to 40 mg every 3 weeks after 51 weeks of successful treatment. She had undergone treatment for hepatitis B in the past with lamivudine; however, she had not received that medication for at least 1 year prior to initiating treatment with gold sodium thiomalate injections. During the treatment period she achieved remission of RA without a significant elevation of her liver enzyme levels or reactivation of hepatitis B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two main factors influence drug product selection when considering the subset of RA patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: severity of liver function compromise and treatment status of chronic hepatitis B. Our patient did not demonstrate significant liver function compromise, but was not receiving viral suppressive treatment for hepatitis B; therefore, the use of many first-line nonbiologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) was contra-indicated based on current guideline recommendations. Additionally, because the patient had refused viral suppressive therapy, there was great concern with the use of biological DMARDs and potential reactivation of hepatitis B. In the past, gold salts were the standard of care in treating RA until the development of the newer agents and there was some evidence that gold sodium thiomalate could be used with minimal risk of hepatotoxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gold sodium thiomalate proved to be a safe and effective treatment option in a patient with RA and hepatitis B.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Cheyenne, WY, USA. wbuckley@uwyo.edu
authors.forename: Whitney A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Stump
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Monger
authors.forename: Sara K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lookabill
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006052:Gold Sodium Thiomalate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D059039:Standard of Care
chemical_list: D006052:Gold Sodium Thiomalate