title: Hypoparathyroidism in pregnancy.
abstract: Pregnancy and lactation are associated with remarkable changes in calcium homeostasis, resulting from pregnancy-induced alterations in the production, metabolism and excretion of calcium and calcitropic hormones. Therefore, the clinical course of disorders affecting the parathyroid glands during pregnancy and lactation is often atypical. As the symptoms experienced by patients with parathyroid disorders are not specific, their diagnosis during gestation and breastfeeding may be sometimes very difficult. If left untreated, parathyroid disorders may pose a significant risk to the mother and fetus associated with increased perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Hypoparathyroidism is a disorder rarely observed during pregnancy, resulting in most cases from surgical thyroidectomy. In our article, we present the case of a 32-year-old female with primary hypoparathyroidism diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. We describe in details the treatment strategies undertaken in this patient and their impact on the outcome of pregnancy and lactation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. r.krysiak@interia.pl
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krysiak
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kobielusz-Gembala
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Okopien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000209:etiology; D007011:Hypoparathyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007774:Lactation / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D050498:Live Birth; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002117:Calcitriol