title: Alcohol and hepatocyte-Kupffer cell interaction (review).
abstract: Alcoholic liver disease accounts for 12,000 deaths per year in the United States and is the second leading indication for liver transplantation. It covers a spectrum of disease conditions ranging from steatosis and cirrhosis to hepatic malignancies. Epidemiological data clearly show a strong correlation between alcohol consumption and liver diseases. A large body of evidence has accumulated over the years in determining the molecular mediators of alcohol-induced liver injury. In this review, we provide an overview of such mediators, which include alcohol metabolites and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, endotoxin via bacterial translocation from the gut and TNF-α, and highlight the role of the sympathetic nervous stimuli, norepinephrine and the α2A-adrenergic receptors in contributing to the deleterious effect observed in alcohol-induced hepatic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, North Shore University Hospital-Long Island Jewish Medical Center, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ajakaiye
authors.forename: Asha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Rongqian
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nicastro
authors.forename: Gene F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Coppa
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000431:Ethanol; D009638:Norepinephrine