title: A propensity score matching application: indications and results of adding scleral buckle to vitrectomy: The Retina 1 Project: Report 3.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the indications and differences in outcomes for adding a scleral buckle (SB) to pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in a prospective series of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) by using propensity score matching (PSM) to analyze causal effects in observational studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from the Retina 1 Project, a prospective, interventional, nonrandomized study of consecutive RDs. Case selection was based upon treatment with PPV or PPV+SB. Surgeons followed personal criteria for the inclusion of SB in the PPV. Propensity score matching corrected for selection biases. Outcomes were assessed by anatomic and visual criteria and the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 523 patients analyzed, 251 had PPV and 272 had PPV+SB. Surgeons used PPV+SB more frequently in younger patients with RD, in those with posterior or unidentified breaks, in phakic eyes, in eyes with the posterior vitreous attached, and for more extended RDs. Overall single surgery anatomic success rate was 86.4%. Based on PSM, there were no difference in reattachment rates of the PPV group, 86.9%, and the PPV+SB group, 85.93%. The incidence of PVR was similar in both groups, with 8.5% in the PPV group and 10.5% in the PPV+SB group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data from the Retina 1 Project established the indications for adding SB to PPV in treating primary RD in this series. No anatomic or visual differences between PPV and PPV+SB were found.
authors.affiliation: IOBA, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain. rsanabria@ioba.med.uva.es
authors.forename: María R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sanabria
authors.forename: Itziar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sala-Puigdollers
authors.forename: Jimena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alfaiate
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Elizalde
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navea
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cordoves
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Miguel
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diaz-Llopis
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Coco
authors.forename: Enrique Rodríguez
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: De La Rúa
authors.forename: José C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pastor
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012591:Scleral Buckling / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000453:epidemiology