title: [Diagnostic test for bladder cancer: the NMP22®].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer is based on cytology and cystoscopic exams. Cytology is highly specific but remains with a highly variable sensitivity. Cystoscopy is an invasive exam and has shown specific limits. Urinary test, highly specific and highly sensitive, might be ideal to replace the couple cytology-cystoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through a literature review, using MeSH system and Pubmed system (keywords: NMP22 and bladder cancer), authors pointed to the value of NMP22 to replace cystoscopy and cytology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1996 and 2010, 193 publications were identified with these keywords. Seventeen original articles have been selected based on their quality and methodology. NMP22 was more sensitive than cytology for follow-up and screening of bladder cancer. As screening test, NMP22 has shown positive predictive value between 0 and 70%. As follow-up test, NMP22 has shown more stable positive predictive value close to 70%. Coupled to cytology, NMP22 has shown predictive positive value up to 90%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For screening test, NMP22 should be the referent test for best selection cases (tobacco, hematuria) and for systemic elimination of false positive cases (ureteral stent, lithiasis). For follow-up test, NMP22-cytology should be the new reference. Moreover, when NMP22 is positive with negative cystoscopy, follow-up may be carefully proposed (recurrence risk×10).
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie-transplantation, CHU Hôpital Sud, avenue R.-Laennec, Salouel, 80054 Amiens cedex 1, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saint
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Quintens
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roupret
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amsellem-Ouazana
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mazerolles
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wallerand
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soulié
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pfister
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine; D003558:Cystoscopy; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000652:urine*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009687:Nuclear Proteins