title: Molecular diagnosis of egg allergy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Allergy to hen's egg is common in infancy and childhood. Oral food challenges are often required to diagnose egg allergy, because of the limitation in the diagnostic accuracy of skin test and specific IgE to egg white. New molecular diagnostic technologies have been recently introduced into allergological research. In this article, we will review the recent literature regarding the potential value of these tests for the clinical management of egg-allergic patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Component-resolved diagnosis that can be combined with the microarray technology is promising as measurement of specific IgE antibodies to individual egg white components has been shown to predict different clinical patterns of egg allergy. Specific IgE to ovomucoid has been identified as a risk factor for persistent allergy and could indicate reactivity to heated egg. Ovomucoid and ovalbumin IgE and IgG4-binding epitope profiling could also help distinguish different clinical phenotypes of egg allergy. Particularly, egg-allergic patients with IgE antibodies reacting against sequential epitopes tend to have more persistent allergy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using recombinant allergens, IgE-binding epitopes, and microarrays, molecular-based technologies show promising results. However, none of these tests is ready to be used in clinical practice and oral food challenge remains the standard for the diagnosis of egg allergy.
authors.affiliation: Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Jean-Christoph
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Caubet
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urisu
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nowak-Węgrzyn
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D021181:Egg Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018604:Epitope Mapping; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010059:Ovomucin / Q000276:immunology; D057089:Pathology, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010059:Ovomucin; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D010047:Ovalbumin