title: Organelle dysfunction in hepatitis C virus-associated steatosis: anything to learn from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?
abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) spans a pathological spectrum from nonalcoholic steatosis to steatohepatitis. The pathophysiology of this disorder is complex, but includes insulin resistance and disrupted lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis, which at a subcellular level results in oxidative stress, free fatty acid-mediated lipotoxicity, defects in mitochondrial function, endoplasmic reticulum stress and cytokine-mediated toxicity. In chronic hepatitis C (CHC), systemic metabolic derangements similar to NAFLD may be operative, but in addition, virus-specific factors contribute to steatosis. The mechanisms for steatosis in CHC appear to share common pathways with those observed in NAFLD. This article outlines our current understanding of the subcellular mechanisms of steatosis in NAFLD and CHC, including their similarities and differences.
authors.affiliation: Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Millennium Institute, University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
authors.forename: Venessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pattullo
authors.forename: Mark W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D015388:Organelles / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species