title: Effect of reflux of drug during intravitreal anti-VEGF therapies on foveal thickness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report any variation in foveal thickness in eyes with and without reflux during anti-VEGF injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of electronic case notes and scans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  18 patients receiving bevazicumab were identified as having reflux (n = 3) or no reflux (n = 15). Pre-injection average central foveal thickness (CFT) was 439 microns (µ) and post-injection average CFT was 417µ. The change in mean CFT was -22 µ (range -330 to 336 µ). 70 patients receiving ranibizumab (lucentis) were identified as having reflux (n = 22) or no reflux (n = 48). Average pre-injection CFT was 336 µ and post-injection average CFT was 289 µ. The change in mean CFT was -48 µ (range -163 to 443 µ). The change in CFT between the group with reflux and no reflux in bevazicumab and ranibizumab injections was statistically insignificant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reflux following injection of anti-VEGF agents does not appear to cause a sub-therapeutic effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Aintree University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Muhammad Usman
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.forename: Farhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Ruchika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D005260:Female; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D000069579:Ranibizumab; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects*; D057135:Wet Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000069579:Ranibizumab