title: Relationship between adiposity and admixture in African-American and Hispanic-American women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate whether differences in admixture in African-American (AFA) and Hispanic-American (HA) adult women are associated with adiposity and adipose distribution.
  
  
  METHODS
  The proportion of European, sub-Saharan African and Amerindian admixture was estimated for AFA and HA women in the Women's Heath Initiative using 92 ancestry informative markers. Analyses assessed the relationship between admixture and adiposity indices.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects included 11 712 AFA and 5088 HA self-identified post-menopausal women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant positive association between body mass index (BMI) and African admixture when BMI was considered as a continuous variable, and age, education, physical activity, parity, family income and smoking were included covariates (P<10(-4)). A dichotomous model (upper and lower BMI quartiles) showed that African admixture was associated with a high odds ratio (OR=3.27 (for 100% admixture compared with 0% admixture), 95% confidence interval 2.08-5.15). For HA, there was no association between BMI and admixture. In contrast, when waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was used as a measure of adipose distribution, there was no significant association between WHR and admixture in AFA but there was a strong association in HA (P<10(-4); OR Amerindian admixture=5.93, confidence interval=3.52-9.97).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These studies show that: (1) African admixture is associated with BMI in AFA women; (2) Amerindian admixture is associated with WHR but not BMI in HA women; and (3) it may be important to consider different measurements of adiposity and adipose distribution in different ethnic population groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nassir
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kosoy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ochs-Balcom
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tylavsky
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Manson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Seldin
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D050154:Adiposity / Q000208:ethnology*; D017954:Africa South of the Sahara; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016387:Women's Health