title: Probing glycine receptor stoichiometry in superficial dorsal horn neurones using the spasmodic mouse.
abstract: Inhibitory glycine receptors (GlyRs) are pentameric ligand gated ion channels composed of α and β subunits assembled in a 2:3 stoichiometry. The α1/βheteromer is considered the dominant GlyR isoform at 'native' adult synapses in the spinal cord and brainstem. However, the α3 GlyR subunit is concentrated in the superficial dorsal horn (SDH: laminae I-II), a spinal cord region important for processing nociceptive signals from skin, muscle and viscera. Here we use the spasmodic mouse, which has a naturally occurring mutation (A52S) in the α1 subunit of the GlyR, to examine the effect of the mutation on inhibitory synaptic transmission and homeostatic plasticity, and to probe for the presence of various GlyR subunits in the SDH.We usedwhole cell recording (at 22-24◦C) in lumbar spinal cord slices obtained from ketamine-anaesthetized (100 mg kg⁻¹, I.P.) spasmodic and wild-type mice (mean age P27 and P29, respectively, both sexes). The amplitude and decay time constants of GlyR mediated mIPSCs in spasmodic micewere reduced by 25% and 50%, respectively (42.0 ± 3.6 pA vs. 31.0 ± 1.8 pA, P <0.05 and 7.4 ± 0.5 ms vs. 5.0 ± 0.4 ms, P <0.05; means ± SEM, n =34 and 31, respectively). Examination of mIPSC amplitude versus rise time and decay time relationships showed these differences were not due to electrotonic effects. Analysis of GABAAergic mIPSCs and A-type potassium currents revealed altered GlyR mediated neurotransmission was not accompanied by the synaptic or intrinsic homeostatic plasticity previously demonstrated in another GlyR mutant, spastic. Application of glycine to excised outside-out patches from SDH neurones showed glycine sensitivity was reduced more than twofold in spasmodic GlyRs (EC50 =130 ± 20 μM vs. 64 ± 11 μM, respectively; n =8 and 15, respectively). Differential agonist sensitivity and mIPSC decay times were subsequently used to probe for the presence of α1-containing GlyRs in SDHneurones.Glycine sensitivity, based on the response to 1-3 μM glycine, was reduced in>75% of neurones tested and decay times were faster in the spasmodic sample. Together, our data suggest most GlyRs and glycinergic synapses in the SDH contain α1 subunits and few are composed exclusively of α3 subunits. Therefore, future efforts to design therapies that target the α3 subunit must consider the potential interaction between α1 and α3 subunits in the GlyR.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. brett.graham@newcastle.edu.au
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tadros
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Callister
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005998:Glycine / Q000819:agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018684:Glycine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D053444:Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D017354:Point Mutation; D020671:Posterior Horn Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018009:Receptors, Glycine / Q000819:agonists / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018684:Glycine Agents; D015221:Potassium Channels; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018079:Receptors, GABA; D018009:Receptors, Glycine; C113965:glycine receptor alpha3 subunit; D005998:Glycine