title: Anorexia nervosa.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anorexia nervosa is characterised by a low body mass index (BMI), fear of gaining weight, denial of current low weight and its impact on health, and amenorrhoea. Estimated prevalence is highest in teenage girls, and up to 0.7% of this age group may be affected. While most people with anorexia nervosa recover completely or partially, about 5% die of the condition, and 20% develop a chronic eating disorder. Young women with anorexia nervosa are at increased risk of bone fractures later in life.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review, and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of treatments in anorexia nervosa? What are the effects of interventions to prevent or treat complications of anorexia nervosa? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to April 2010 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 40 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: atypical antipsychotic drugs, benzodiazepines, cyproheptadine, inpatient/outpatient treatment setting, oestrogen treatment (HRT or oral contraceptives), older-generation antipsychotic drugs, psychotherapy, refeeding, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and tricyclic antidepressants.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen Kara
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lock
mesh_terms: D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000628:therapy; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders; D006801:Humans; D013851:Thinness
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines