title: Correlation between serum content of the main COPs (cholesterol oxidation products) from autoxidation and cardiovascular risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been proven to be associated with an increased oxidative stress. Several studies have considered cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) as specific in vivo markers of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the levels of COPs derived from autoxidation processes and established cardiovascular risk factors, comparing the levels of serum COPs in subjects with or without showing values out of the reference ranges.
  
  
  METHODS
  It was a cross-sectional study in which 88 subjects were recruited and individual and total COPs from autoxidation origin was analyzed in serum by GC-MS. The simultaneous correlation of COPs with different CVD risk factors have been analyzed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A great variability of total COPs concentrations were found. Subjects presented total COPs values from 0.091 to 2.052 μg/mL. Total COPs were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with hypertriglycerolemia, hypertension, diabetes and overweight/ obesity status compared to those subjects who did not present those CVD risk factors. Moreover, 7α and 7β hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients with hypertension and diabetes. No significant differences in total COPs were found between patients with and without hypercholesterolemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The obtained results showed that the analyzed COPs correlate well with at least 4 out of 6 risk factors of development of CVD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Menéndez-Carreño
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Varo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mugueta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Restituto
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ansorena
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Astiasarán
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol