title: Necrosis of the leg after intraarterial drug injection.
abstract: Inadvertent intraarterial injections in the context of drug abuse can cause damage to the vascular system. The clinical picture depends on the drug properties and ranges from partial ischemia to necrosis of the affected extremity. There are no current evidence-based guidelines regarding the management of intraarterial drug injections. In many cases the concept of solving vasospasm after injection is based on the use of intraarterial application of prostaglandins. We report a case in which a mixture of drugs was injected into the left femoral artery. The patient arrived 24 hours later with ischemia of the left leg at our emergency department. Angiography showed that there was no blood flowing in the leg. Despite intraarterial application of vasodilatators, regional neurolysis and thrombolyis with urokinase major amputation was unavoidable. The outcome after inadvertent injection depends on certain drug properties and the delay between injection and the beginning of therapy.
authors.affiliation: Departement of Vascular Surgery Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder, Regensburg, Germany. thomas.betz@barmherzige-regensburg.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steinbauer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Uhl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Toepel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005263:Femoral Artery; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007511:Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009336:Necrosis; D011859:Radiography; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001569:Benzodiazepines; D008694:Methamphetamine