title: Dl-3-n-butylphthalide, a natural antioxidant, protects dopamine neurons in rotenone models for Parkinson's disease.
abstract: In the absence of a cure for Parkinson's disease, development of preventive medications for this devastating disease is particularly encouraged. Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), an established natural antioxidant for clinical stroke treatment in China, can reportedly reduce beta-amyloid-induced neuronal toxicity in cultured neuronal cells, and attenuate neurodegenerative changes in aged rats. However, whether or not NBP confers neuroprotection in parkinsonian models is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of NBP in rotenone models for Parkinson's diseases. In a cellular model, pretreatment with NBP enhanced cell viability by decreasing nuclear fragmentation, retaining mitochondrial membrane potential, and preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) from generation. In a rodent model, 2-week treatment with NBP was able to ameliorate apomorphine-evoked rotations by 48% and rescue dopaminergic (DA) neurons by 30% and striatal DA terminal by 49%. Furthermore, NBP upregulated the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Together, NBP protects DA neurons likely by reducing oxidative stress, offering an alternative neuroprotective medication for Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Nian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Jinsha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chunnuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhaowen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Zhentao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Hecheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xuebing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhihou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yongxue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shenggang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhicheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D012402:Rotenone; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D001572:Benzofurans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D012402:Rotenone; C027125:3-n-butylphthalide