title: Simultaneous removal of 2-chlorophenol, phenol, p-cresol and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde under nitrifying conditions: kinetic study.
abstract: The kinetic behavior of a stable nitrifying consortium exposed to 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), phenol, p-cresol and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (p-OHB) was evaluated in batch assays. Phenolic compounds were evaluated either individually or in mixture. In individual assays, 2-CP inhibited stronger the nitrification, diminishing the ammonium consumption efficiency (16%) and the nitrate production rate (at 91%). Nonetheless, the consumption efficiencies for all phenolics were of 100%. On the other hand, in mixture, the inhibitory effect of 2-CP diminished significantly, since ammonium consumption efficiency and nitrate production rate were improved. Consumption efficiencies for most of the phenolic compounds were high. Furthermore, the kinetic of 2-CP oxidation was 2.4-fold-faster than the individual assays. Finally, the experimental results showed the potential of nitrifying consortium for removing 2-CP, phenol, p-cresol and p-OHB. This is the first work showing the simultaneous removal of these pollutants and also this information might be useful for treating wastewaters of chemical complexity.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Department of Biotechnology, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, CP 09340 Mexico, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beristain-Cardoso
mesh_terms: D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001681:Biological Assay; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003408:Cresols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007700:Kinetics; D058465:Nitrification; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001547:Benzaldehydes; D002733:Chlorophenols; D003408:Cresols; D010636:Phenols; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012722:Sewage; C032538:4-cresol; C030683:2-chlorophenol; C011483:4-hydroxybenzaldehyde