title: 'Wakey wakey baby': narrating four-dimensional (4D) bonding scans.
abstract: Commercial companies market 4D ultrasound scans to expectant parents for the stated purpose of reassurance, to promote bonding, and to get 'baby's first picture'. This article describes in detail the process of commercial 4D scanning in the UK, paying particular attention to the discursive exchanges in the scan room. It is argued that sonographers and clients engage in a process of 'collaborative coding' that, despite the realism of 4D, is essential to making the imagery on the screen personally and socially meaningful. While sonographers first help clients to get their bearings, expectant parents and others often engage in a complex process of narrating the images on the screen as they are created. The capacities of 4D ultrasound to image facial features and movements inform stories about fetal experience and family resemblances as well as enabling playfully imagined interactions with the fetus. While these stories are primarily based in experiences of the visual, there is also evidence that pregnant women seek to map the image onto their bodies and to reintroduce some elements of their embodied experiences into the narratives.
authors.affiliation: Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. Julie.Roberts@warwick.ac.uk
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003132:Commerce; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D019561:Echocardiography, Four-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D009769:Object Attachment; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011247:Pregnancy