title: NF-κB in type 1 diabetes.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic beta cells are destroyed by autoreactive T cells. It is a common pediatric disease with increasing incidence. Islet transplantation may be a therapeutic option, however, the current limitations of this procedure mean that for most sufferers of type 1 diabetes there is no cure. The transcription factor NF-κB has been widely studied for its role in development of type 1 diabetes. Recent data have shown that NF-κB is required for activation of autoreactive T cells, and its hyperactivity in monocytes and dendritic cells results in altered cytokine secretion and antigen presentation, which ultimately contributes to the initiation of type 1 diabetes. NF-κB is also activated by a number of proinflammatory cytokines to regulate both the survival and death of beta cells. The critical role of NF-κB in type 1 diabetes renders it a promising pharmaceutical target in the intervention of this disease and further understanding of the NF-κB pathway will have an important implication on the development of novel and safe therapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: St Vincent's Institute, 41 Victoria Parade, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Yuxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Balasubramanian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krishnamurthy
authors.forename: Zia U A
authors.initials: ZU
authors.lastname: Mollah
authors.forename: Thomas W H
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: Helen E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016328:NF-kappa B