title: Extrathyroidal expression of TSH receptor.
abstract: The TSH receptor expressed on the cell surface of thyroid follicular cells plays a pivotal role in the regulation of thyroid status and growth of the thyroid gland. In recent years it has become evident that the TSH receptor is also expressed widely in a variety of extrathyroidal tissues including: anterior pituitary; hypothalamus; ovary; testis; skin; kidney; immune system; bone marrow and peripheral blood cells; white and brown adipose tissue; orbital preadipocyte fibroblasts and bone. A large body of evidence is emerging to describe the functional roles of the TSH receptor at these various sites but their physiological importance in many cases remains a subject of controversy and much interest. Current understanding of the actions of the TSH receptor in extrathyroidal tissues and their possible physiological implications is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Endocrinology Group, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK. graham.williams@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006066:Gonads / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009915:Orbit / Q000378:metabolism; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin