title: Robotic assisted laparoscopic treatment of gonadal vein syndrome in a boy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gonadal vein syndrome, with ureteral obstruction and compression by an overlying testicular vein is a controversial and rare diagnosis. Open, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted laparoscopic repairs have been described. We report the first case of robot-assisted gonadal vein ligation for treatment of gonadal vein syndrome in a nine year-old boy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 9 years-old boy presented with a four to six month history of worsening intermittent flank pain, nausea and vomiting. Ultrasound revealed moderate hydronephrosis. Diuretic renography and intravenous pyelography reproduced his pain and demonstrated left-sided hydronephrosis and obstruction. The patient underwent left robot-assisted surgery via a four port approach. The colon was reflected medially. The gonadal vein was dissected off the underlying ureter and ligated using laparoscopic clips. Segmental vein excision and ureterolysis was performed. Inspection of the renal hilum did not reveal any other crossing vessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operative time was 94 minutes. The patient was discharged 36 hours after surgery. His hydronephrosis has resolved completely. He remains pain-free nine months after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Robot-assisted laparoscopic vein excision and ureterolysis is a safe option for the management of ureteral obstruction caused by the gonadal vein.
authors.affiliation: Nemours Children’s Clinic Orlando, FL, USA. hswana@nemours.org
authors.forename: Hubert S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Swana
authors.forename: Alejandro R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Timothy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rich
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D012371:Robotics; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*