title: Bacteriology and antimicrobial susceptibility of adult chronic dacryocystitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic dacryocystitis results in chronic infection and inflammation of the lacrimal sac.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the aetiology of chronic dacryocystitis and to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross - sectional study was undertaken including 120 lacrimal swab materials collected from patients aged above 15 years suffering from chronic dacryocystitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data analysis was done by using software "Win pepi'' ver 7.9.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bacteria of eight different species were isolated from 76.66 % (92/120) culture positive samples. 85.86 % showed a single and 14.13 % showed a mixed growth pattern. Coagulase negative staphylococci were the most common bacteria (P= 0.018) accounting for 33.96 % followed by Staphylococcus aureus (25.46 %), Streptococcus pneumoniae ( 19.81 % ), Streptococci viridans (5.66 %), Escherichia coli (5.66 %), Haemophilus spp ( 4.71 % ), Streptococcus pyogenes (3.77 %) and Bacillus spp (0.94 % ). Staphylococcus aureus were the most predominant bacteria in mixed growth. Rate of infection was higher in males 81.39 % than in females 74.02 %. Infection was higher in the age group of above 31 years. In the antimicrobial susceptibility test, except staphylococcus aureus, all the Gram positive isolates were 100 % sensitive to chloramphenicol and were least sensitive to tobramycin, but Gram negative isolates were equally sensitive to Chloramphenicol and Nalidixic acid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coagulase negative staphylococci are the most frequently isolated bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus is predominantly found in mixed growth. Chloramphenicol is the most effective drug of choice for chronic dacryocystitis.
authors.affiliation: B P Koirala Lion's Centre for Ophthalmic Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhattarai
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bhatta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003607:Dacryocystitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000382:microbiology; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009268:Nalidixic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009390:Nepal; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D009268:Nalidixic Acid; D002701:Chloramphenicol