title: Catecholaminergic depletion in nucleus accumbens enhances trace conditioning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of dopamine depletion in nucleus accumbens on trace conditioning; to distinguish the role of core and shell sub-regions, as far as possible.
  
  
  METHODS
  6-hydroxydopamine was used to lesion dopamine terminals within the core and shell accumbens. Experiment 1 assessed conditioning to a tone conditioned stimulus that had previously been paired with footshock (unconditioned stimulus) at a 30s trace interval. Experiment 2 subsequently assessed contiguous conditioning (at 0s trace) using a light conditioned stimulus directly followed by the unconditioned stimulus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both sham and shell-lesioned animals showed the normal trace effect of reduced conditioning to the trace conditioned stimulus but 6-hydroxydopamine injections targeted on the core subregion of the nucleus accumbens abolished this effect and enhanced conditioning to the trace conditioned stimulus. However, the depletion produced by this lesion placement extended to the shell. In Experiment 2 (at 0s trace), there was no effect of either lesion placement as all animals showed comparable levels of conditioning to the light conditioned stimulus. Neurochemical analysis across core, shell and comparison regions showed some effects on noradrenalin as well as dopamine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of changes in noradrenalin did not systematically relate to the observed behavioural changes after core injections. The pattern of changes in dopamine suggested that depletion in core mediated the increased conditioning to the trace conditioned stimulus seen in the present study. However, the comparison depletion restricted to the shell subregion was less substantial, and a role for secondarily affected brain regions cannot be excluded.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, Schools of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: A J D
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Thur
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spicer
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Marsden
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cassaday
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D016627:Oxidopamine; D004298:Dopamine