title: Calculated organ equivalent doses for individuals in a sitting posture above a contaminated ground and a PET imaging room.
abstract: In this paper, phantoms representing sitting postures were developed and implemented in the MCNPX code to perform dose calculations. For the ground contamination case, isotropic planar source of (137)Cs was used. The male sitting phantom received an effective dose rate of 37.73 nSv h(-1) for a contamination of 30 kBq m(-2). The gonadal equivalent dose of the male sitting phantom was 40 % larger than that from the standing phantom. For the positron emission tomography clinic, a point photon source with the energy of 511 keV was used. The gonadal equivalent dose of the male sitting phantom was 117 % larger than that for the standing phantom. For an 8-h day, the effective dose of the sitting phantom was 2.54 μSv for 550 MBq F-18. This study concludes that phantoms with realistic postures could and should be considered in organ equivalent dose calculations in certain environmental and medical dosimetry studies where accurate data are desired.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics Program,  Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180,  USA.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: X George
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D017785:Photons; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011187:Posture; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D012016:Reference Values; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive