title: Platelet additive solution - electrolytes.
abstract: Recent attention to solutions that replace most or all plasma in platelet concentrates, while maintaining satisfactory platelet function, is motivated by the potential of plasma reduction or depletion to mitigate various transfusion-related adverse events. This report considers the electrolytic composition of previously described platelet additive solutions, in order to draw general conclusions about what is required for platelet function and longevity. The optimal concentrations of Na(+) and Cl(-) are 69-115 mM. The presence of both K(+) and Mg(2+) in platelet suspension at nearly physiological concentrations (3-5mM and 1.5-3mM, respectively) is indispensable for good preservation capacity because both electrolytes are required to prevent platelet activation. In contrast to K(+) and Mg(2+), Ca(2+) may not be important because no free Ca(2+) is available in M-sol, which showed excellent platelet preservation capacity at less than 5% plasma concentration. The importance of bicarbonate (approximately 40 mM) can be recognized when the platelets are suspended in additive solution under less than 5% residual plasma concentration.
authors.affiliation: Hokkaido Red Cross Blood Center, Yamanote 2-2 Nishi-ku, Sapporo 063-0002, Japan. azuma@hokkaido.bc.jrc.or.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akino
authors.forename: Hisami
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology*; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D004573:Electrolytes; D006801:Humans; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical