title: Exploring epistasis in candidate genes for antisocial personality disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify and characterize high-order gene-to-gene interactions in antisocial personality disorder (ASPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants for case-control study were selected from the inmate male population in Bellavista prison from Medellin. The study included 310 individuals with ASPD and 200 with no ASPD. Diagnoses were made according to a best-estimate procedure based on a semistructured interview (diagnostic interview for genetic studies 3.0). We genotyped some single-nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes with main serotonin pathway effects. The gene-gene interaction was examined using the multifactor dimensionality reduction method version 2.0.α. We assessed model sizes of 2 and 3 loci and counted the number of replicates that contained the causal loci in the final best model that was identified using 10-fold cross validation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We find epistatic interaction with catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), tryptophan hydroxylase, and 5-HTR2A (serotonin receptor) with ASPD. This data supports an important role of polymorphism in serotonin receptors and low enzyme activity of COMT for susceptibility to ASPD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that gene interactions between genetic variants in COMT, 5-HTR2A and tryptophan hydroxylase gene would be associated with ASPD and influence the dopamine rewards pathways and modulate serotonin levels in ASPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia. mauricio.cuartas@siu.udea.edu.co
authors.forename: Jorge Mauricio
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cuartas Arias
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Palacio Acosta
authors.forename: Jenny Garcia
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Valencia
authors.forename: Gabriel J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Montoya
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Arango Viana
authors.forename: Omer Campo
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: Andrés F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Flórez
authors.forename: Beatriz E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Camarena Medellin
authors.forename: Winston Rojas
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Montoya
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lopez Jaramillo
authors.forename: Javier Gutierrez
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Achury
authors.forename: Carlos Cruz
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Gabriel Bedoya
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Berrio
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Linares
mesh_terms: D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D003105:Colombia; D017931:DNA Primers; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A / Q000235:genetics; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase