title: Arkansas community pharmacists' opinions on providing immunizations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine community pharmacists' attitudes and knowledge on providing immunizations including perceived barriers to immunizing. The study also examined the percentage of Arkansas pharmacists providing immunizations and the utilization of student pharmacists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arkansas community pharmacies from February to March 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community pharmacists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mailed survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Perceived barriers to providing immunizations, pharmacists' attitudes regarding immunizations, number of immunization-certified pharmacists, immunization administration rates within the last year, and senior student pharmacists utilization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 350 surveys were mailed, and 129 were returned. In all, 79% of the respondents believed administering immunizations has advanced or significantly advanced the profession. Being certified and attitude toward providing immunizations were correlated; 37% of the respondents held certification to immunize, of which 77% reported immunizing within the last year. Commonly reported barriers included time (76%) followed by reimbursement and legal liability. Only half the respondents realized fourth year student pharmacists could immunize and only 33% of certified pharmacists utilized student pharmacists to immunize.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacists perceive many barriers to providing immunizations. Training student pharmacists to give immunizations may not result in them providing immunizations upon graduation. Additional education on overcoming potential barriers and using senior student pharmacists to administer immunizations is needed.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. apace@uams.edu
authors.forename: Anne C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pace
authors.forename: Schwanda K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Flowers
authors.forename: Jan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hastings
mesh_terms: D001131:Arkansas; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000639:trends; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000639:trends; D024382:Professional Role; D013339:Students, Pharmacy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence