title: Insights to sequence information of polyphenol oxidase enzyme from different source organisms.
abstract: Polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) are widely distributed enzymes among animals, plants, bacteria, and fungi. PPOs often have significant role in many biologically essential functions including pigmentation, sclerotization, primary immune response, and host defense mechanisms. In the present study, forty-seven full-length amino acid sequences of PPO from bacteria, fungi, and plants were collected and subjected to multiple sequence alignment (MSA), domain identification, and phylogenetic tree construction. MSA revealed that six histidine, two phenylalanine, two arginine, and two aspartic acid residues were highly conserved in all the analyzed species, while a single cysteine residue was conserved in all the plant and fungal PPOs. Two major sequence clusters were constructed by phylogenetic analysis. One cluster was of the plant origin, whereas the other one was of the fungal and bacterial origin. Motif GGGMMGDVPTANDPIFWLHHCNVDRLWAVWQ was found in all the species of bacterial and fungus sources. In addition, seven new motifs which were unique for their group were also identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India. malviya.neha@gmail.com
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malviya
authors.forename: Mugdha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Sanjeev Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Diwakar
authors.forename: Sarad Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs / Q000235:genetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D059808:Polyphenols; D004156:Catechol Oxidase