title: Fulminant myocarditis owing to high-dose interleukin-2 therapy for metastatic melanoma.
abstract: High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) therapy may cause acute myocarditis characterised by diffuse myocardial involvement and occasionally fulminant heart failure. Cardiac MRI (CMRI) provides a comprehensive assessment of myocardial function, inflammation and injury in a single examination and has shown value in the diagnosis of myocarditis. We report a case of a 54-year-old male with metastatic melanoma who developed acute severe myocarditis with fulminant heart failure after high-dose IL-2 therapy. CMRI using a combination of T(2) weighted imaging and T(1) weighted late post-gadolinium enhancement techniques played a key role in establishing the diagnosis. To our knowledge we present the first case report of the combined use of T(1) and T(2) weighted CMRI techniques to diagnose IL-2 induced myocarditis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thavendiranathan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Verhaert
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kendra
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Raman
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D008875:Middle Aged; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D005682:Gadolinium