title: Reducing the risk of being a victim of crime in South Africa: you can tell and be heard!
abstract: People who use Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) know that silence is not always golden. Persons with disabilities and in particular those with complex communication needs, have a heightened risk of becoming victims of crime, abuse, and neglect. This study looked at the vocabulary needed to disclose or report crime or abuse in South Africa, and also focussed on the development of communication boards for this purpose, in four of the 11 official South African languages (Afrikaans, English, Sepedi, and isiZulu). Thirty-six participants in four language-based focus groups (English, Afrikaans, Sepedi, and isiZulu) were asked to generate a list of possible words they deemed important when wanting to disclose a crime, abuse or neglect. Participants then prioritized the top 55 words. A total of 56 words appeared on two or more of the lists from the four language groups. The board was developed using Picture Communication Symbols (PCS), the most frequently used symbol set in South Africa, according to an electronic mail survey. A discrepancy analysis revealed that these 56 words could be represented by 219 symbols. Symbols were developed for two words (swear, threaten) for which no PCS symbols existed. The process of developing the communication boards described in this paper may be useful to AAC communities in other countries, and the boards can serve as templates for other languages.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. Juan.Bornman@up.ac.za
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bornman
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nelson Bryen
authors.forename: Priscilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kershaw
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ledwaba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology*; D003906:Developing Countries; D004493:Education; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019303:Multilingualism; D012650:Self Disclosure; D013019:South Africa; D013561:Symbolism; D014825:Vocabulary; D035862:Vulnerable Populations / Q000523:psychology*