title: Bacterial monocultures, propionate, butyrate and H2O2 modulate the expression, secretion and structure of the fasting-induced adipose factor in gut epithelial cell lines.
abstract: Previous research showed that an intestinal microbial community represses the fasting-induced adipose factor (FIAF) in the gut epithelium, thereby increasing fat storage in the host. This study was designed to investigate the overall effect of different bacterial species and metabolites on FIAF in intestinal (Caco-2, HT-29 and HCT-116) and hepatic (HepG2) cancer cell lines. First, we showed that FIAF was present in different isoforms, and secreted as N-glycosylated proteins, exclusively at the basal side of the cell monolayer. Second, co-incubation of cell lines with bacterial monocultures and metabolites altered both FIAF production and isoform appearance. Propionate and/or butyrate treatment increased FIAF expression and cleavage in all tested cell lines. In contrast, different bacteria induced cell line-specific FIAF modulation. Clostridium perfringens induced FIAF isoform changes in Caco-2 cells. Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron treatment resulted in cell line-specific FIAF increases, whereas Escherichia coli significantly decreased FIAF expression in HCT-116 cells. Treatment with H(2) O(2) and peroxide-producing E. faecalis strains induced FIAF isoform changes in Caco-2 cells. Since bacteria and bacterial metabolites alter both FIAF production and isoform appearance, further investigation may reveal an important role for bacteria in FIAF-regulated physiological processes, such as cell differentiation and fat metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grootaert
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Van de Wiele
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Van Roosbroeck
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Possemiers
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Vercoutter-Edouart
authors.forename: Willy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Verstraete
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bracke
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vanhoecke
mesh_terms: D000075803:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4; D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D002087:Butyrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005215:Fasting; D006031:Glycosylation; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C474772:ANGPTL4 protein, human; D000075803:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4; D042682:Angiopoietins; D002087:Butyrates; D011422:Propionates; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide