title: Rapid and high-throughput determination of cationic surfactants in environmental water samples by automated on-line polymer monolith microextraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: A rapid, high throughput and sensitive method was presented for automated determination of cationic surfactants in environmental water samples. The method was based on an automated analysis platform that was composed of on-line polymer monolith microextraction (PMME) and high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrum (HPLC-MS) with an autosampler. A poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) (MAA-co-EDMA) monolith was selected as the sorbent for purification and enrichment of cationic surfactants in environmental water samples while a new mixed-mode chromatographic column packed with octyl and sulfonic acid co-bonded silica (OSS) was employed for separation and quantitative determination of cationic surfactants in water samples. By integrating sample preparation, chromatographic separation and MS detection into one automated platform, it makes the whole analysis procedure simple, accurate, and time and labor-saving. Several parameters affecting the extraction performance were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the proposed method was applied to the analysis of seven cationic surfactants in environmental water samples. Good linearities were obtained for all cationic surfactants with R² larger than 0.9895. The limits of detection were found to be in the range of 15-24 ng/L. The method recoveries of the cationic surfactants spiked in water samples were from 80.5% to 115.1%, with relative standard deviations less than 12.4%.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Tian
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Zhi-Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yu-Qi
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry; D002412:Cations / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D016014:Linear Models; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D002412:Cations; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C032159:acetonitrile