title: Microsomal glutathione transferase 1: mechanism and functional roles.
abstract: Microsomal glutathione transferase 1 (MGST1) belongs to a superfamily named MAPEG (membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism). This family is represented in all life forms, except archae. Of the six human members, three are specialized in the synthesis of leukotrienes and prostaglandin E, whereas the others (MGST1-3) have potential roles in drug metabolism. MGST1 has a well-established role in the conjugation of electrophiles and oxidative stress protection, whereas MGST2 and 3 have been less studied. Here, we review the recent advances regarding the structure, mechanism, and functional roles of MGST1. Emerging data show that the enzyme is overexpressed in certain tumors and support a role for the enzyme in protecting cells from cytostatic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Biochemical Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. ralf.morgenstern@ki.se
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johansson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; C122107:microsomal glutathione S-transferase-I; D005982:Glutathione Transferase