title: Superficial corneal squamous cell carcinoma occurring in dogs with chronic keratitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Canine corneal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare tumor, with only eight cases previously published in the veterinary literature. The Comparative Ocular Pathology Lab of Wisconsin (COPLOW) has diagnosed 26 spontaneously occurring cases, 23 in the past 4 years. This retrospective study describes age and breed prevalence, concurrent therapy, biologic behavior, tumor size and character, and 6-month survival rates after diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A search of the COPLOW database identified 26 corneal SCC cases diagnosed from 1978 to 2008. There is a strong breed predilection (77%) in brachycephalic breeds, particularly those prone to keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The mean age was 9.6 years (range 6-14.5 years). Follow-up information >6 months was available for 15 of 26 cases. Recurrence occurred in the same eye in nine cases, seven of which were incompletely excised at the time of first keratectomy. No cases were known to have tumor growth in the contralateral eye and no cases of distant metastases are known. Where drug history is known, 16 of 21 dogs had a history of treatment with topical immunosuppressive therapy (cyclosporine or tacrolimus) at the time of diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic inflammatory conditions of the cornea and topical immunosuppressive therapy may be risk factors for developing primary corneal SCC in dogs. SCC should be considered in any differential diagnosis of corneal proliferative lesions. Superficial keratectomy with complete excision is recommended, and the metastatic potential appears to be low.
authors.affiliation: Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1102, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dreyfus
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Schobert
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Dubielzig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007634:Keratitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents