title: Climate change: evidence of human causes and arguments for emissions reduction.
abstract: In a recent editorial, Raymond Spier expresses skepticism over claims that climate change is driven by human actions and that humanity should act to avoid climate change. This paper responds to this skepticism as part of a broader review of the science and ethics of climate change. While much remains uncertain about the climate, research indicates that observed temperature increases are human-driven. Although opinions vary regarding what should be done, prominent arguments against action are based on dubious factual and ethical positions. Thus, the skepticisms in the recent editorial are unwarranted. This does not diminish the general merits of skeptical intellectual inquiry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. sbaum@psu.edu
authors.forename: Seth D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.forename: Jacob D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Haqq-Misra
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karmosky
mesh_terms: D002980:Climate; D017752:Greenhouse Effect