title: The high serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in obesity is influenced by high parathyroid hormone and not adiposity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic high levels of PTH may be associated with up-regulation of proteases and cytokines. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is an inflammatory cytokine, produced predominantly by macrophages and endothelial cells, and is expressed in adipose tissue. More recently it has been shown that PTH administration increases MCP-1 expression in osteoblasts.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Because both PTH and MCP-1 levels are higher in obesity, the goal was to determine whether the high MCP-1 occurs only in the presence of high serum PTH and is independent of adiposity and examine its relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) and turnover.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control clinical design, 111 eligible women were categorized into four groups: leaner women [body mass index (BMI) 23 ± 2 kg/m(2)] with normal or higher PTH and obese (BMI 44 ± 7 kg/m(2)) with normal or higher PTH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum MCP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.01) in the high (PTH = 74.9 ± 27.0 pg/ml, MCP-1 = 421.5 ± 157.0 pg/ml) compared with normal PTH (PTH = 32.5 ± 10.4 pg/ml, MCP-1 = 322.5 ± 97.8 pg/ml) group, independent of BMI. C-reactive protein and adiponectin were influenced only by BMI and not PTH. MCP-1 was positively associated with osteocalcin and propeptide of type 1 collagen in the leaner (r > 0.3, P < 0.05) but not the obese women and was not associated with BMD in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together these data suggest that MCP-1 is higher only in the presence of increased PTH and that adiposity alone cannot explain the higher MCP-1 levels in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, 96 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8525, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sukumar
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Partridge
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shapses
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone