title: Activation of NF-B upregulates Snail and consequent repression of E-cadherin in cholangiocarcinoma cell invasion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A wide variety of evidence has pointed to a critical role of transcriptional nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-kappaB) in tumour migration and invasion,but the mechanisms involved are not clear.In the present study, we reported that activation of NF-kappaB promotes migration and invasion in cholangiocarcinoma cell through upregulating Snail and consequent repression of E-cadherin.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the expression of the NF-kappaB subunit P65 (NF-kappaBP65) after being treated by tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-a, a strong NF-kappaB activator or PDTC, a specific NF-kappaB inhibitor. Snail and E-cadherin in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines QBC939 and FRH 0201 was examined by Western blotting and RT-PCR. To confirm the involvement of NF-kappaB in snail activation, small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for snail was used to suppress the expression of Snail, then the Snail siRNA- transfected cells were treated by TNF-a,and the migration and invasion was assayed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that Snail activation and consequent repression of E-cadherin may depend on NF-kappaB activation, and NF-KB promotes migration and invasion by upregulating Snail and consequent repression of E-cadherin in cholangiocarcinoma cell.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NF-kappaB-Snail-E-cadherin signal is a potential target for antimetastatic therapeutics in cholangiocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College,QingDao University, Shan Dong Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Kejun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhaos
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bomin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Shisong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dianliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Changying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha