title: Targeting hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus induced carcinogenesis: novel patented therapeutics.
abstract: Viral infections leading to carcinogenesis tops the risk factors list for the development of human cancer. The decades of research has provided ample scientific evidence that directly links 10-15% of the worldwide incidence of human cancers to the infections with seven human viruses. Moreover, the insights gained into the molecular pathogenetic and immune mechanisms of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) viral transmission to tumour progression, and the identification of their viral surface antigens as well as oncoproteins have provided the scientific community with opportunities to target these virus infections through the development of prophylactic vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. The preventive vaccination programmes targeting HBV and high risk HPV infections, linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cervical cancer respectively have been recently reported to alter age-old cancer patterns on an international scale. In this review, with an emphasis on HBV and HPV mediated carcinogenesis because of the similarities and differences in their global incidence patterns, viral transmission, mortality, molecular pathogenesis and prevention, we focus on the development of recently identified HBV and HPV targeting innovative strategies resulting in several patents and patent applications.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research, Centre for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, BioDeakin, Institute for Technology & Research Innovation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. rupinder.kanwar@deakin.edu.au
authors.forename: Rupinder K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kanwar
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Sneha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gurudevan
authors.forename: Jagat R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kanwar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D055808:Drug Discovery; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010330:Patents as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines