title: Subgingival Epstein-Barr and cytomegalovirus occurrence in pregnancy gingivitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although recent studies focused on the role of human herpesviruses in various types of periodontal disease, there was a lack of information in these reports regarding the role of pregnancy gingivitis. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between pregnancy and the subgingival virus presence and their relationship with clinical parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy pregnant and 40 non-pregnant women were examined for gingival and plaque indices, bleeding on probing (BOP), and clinical probing depths (PDs) from the whole dentition. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from sites showing signs of gingivitis and healthy sites. The polymerase chain reaction methodology was used to detect cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from plaque samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results show that gingivitis lesions in 27 (38.6%) and 10 (14.3%) pregnant patients were positive for EBV and CMV, respectively. In the non-pregnant group, EBV and CMV were detected in six (15%) and eight (20%) lesions, respectively. A statistically significant difference (P <0.01) was found between the subgingival occurrence of EBV in the two groups. In gingivitis sites, clinical PDs were affected by gestation (P <0.001) and the occurrence of EBV (P <0.001). In healthy sites, clinical PDs were affected by gestation (P <0.05), and BOP was affected by the occurrence of CMV and EBV (P <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that pregnancy increased the risk of the presence of subgingival EBV in pregnant women by 3.647 times more than in non-pregnant women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Turkey. eres@dentistry.ankara.edu.tr
authors.forename: Gülden
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ereş
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Altıok
authors.forename: Aykut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozkul
authors.forename: Cengiz Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Açıkel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D060085:Coinfection; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000821:virology*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral