title: Women's sexual orientations and their experiences of sexual assault before and during university.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to examine relationships between women's sexual orientations and their sexual assault experiences before and during university.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported responses on a web-based survey of 5,439 female undergraduates who participated in the Campus Sexual Assault study were analyzed to compare three groups: bisexuals, lesbians, and heterosexuals. Groups were compared in terms of the prevalence of sexual assault before and during university, and the extent to which sexual assault before university predicted sexual assault during university.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of sexual assault before and during university was higher among bisexuals and lesbians compared with heterosexuals (25.4% of bisexuals, 22.4% of lesbians, and 10.7% of heterosexuals were sexually assaulted before university; 24.0% of bisexuals, 17.9% of lesbians, and 13.3% of heterosexuals were sexually assaulted during university). Sexual assault before university was highly predictive of sexual assault during university, especially among non-heterosexuals. Compared with heterosexuals not sexually assaulted before university (the referent group), previously assaulted non-heterosexuals (bisexuals/lesbians) had eight times the odds of sexual assault during university (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 8.75), whereas previously assaulted heterosexuals had four times the odds of sexual assault during university (AOR, 4.40). However, there was no difference in the odds of sexual assault during university between non-heterosexuals not sexually assaulted before university and heterosexuals not sexually assaulted before university.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bisexual and lesbian women are more likely than heterosexual women to be sexually assaulted before and during university. Sexual assault before university is linked to sexual assault during university for all women, with this association being especially pronounced among non-heterosexuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7445, USA. sandra_martin@unc.edu
authors.forename: Sandra L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Bonnie S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Tara D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.forename: Christine H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lindquist
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D020010:Heterosexuality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018452:Homosexuality, Female / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011902:Rape / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D057566:Self Report; D014481:United States; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult