title: Hormetins, antioxidants and prooxidants: defining quercetin-, caffeic acid- and rosmarinic acid-mediated life extension in C. elegans.
abstract: Quercetin, Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid exposure extend lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans. This comparative study uncovers basic common and contrasting underlying mechanisms: For all three compounds, life extension was characterized by hormetic dose response curves, but hsp-level expression was variable. Quercetin and Rosmarinic acid both suppressed bacterial growth; however, antibacterial properties were not the dominant reason for life extension. Exposure to Quercetin, Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid resulted in reduced body size, altered lipid-metabolism and a tendency towards a delay in reproductive timing; however the total number of offspring was not affected. An indirect dietary restriction effect, provoked by either chemo-repulsion or diminished pharyngeal pumping was rejected. Quercetin and Caffeic acid were shown to increase the antioxidative capacity in vivo and, by means of a lipofuscin assay, reduce the oxidative damage in the nematodes. Finally, it was possible to demonstrate that the life and thermotolerance enhancing properties of Caffeic- and Rosmarinic acid both rely on osr-1, sek-1, sir-2.1 and unc-43 plus daf-16 in the case of Caffeic acid. Taken together, hormesis, in vivo antioxidative/prooxidative properties, modulation of genetic players, as well as the re-allocation of energy all contribute (to some extent and dependent on the polyphenol) to life extension.
authors.affiliation: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Freshwater & Stress Ecology, Späthstr. 80/81, 12437, Berlin, Germany. kpietsch@gmx.de
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pietsch
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saul
authors.forename: Shumon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Stürzenbaum
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Menzel
authors.forename: Christian E W
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Steinberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D053630:Depsides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D017238:Genes, Helminth; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D002934:Cinnamates; D018509:DNA, Helminth; D053630:Depsides; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D059808:Polyphenols; D011794:Quercetin; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; C040048:caffeic acid