title: T1 hyperintensity of bladder urine at prostate MRI: frequency and comparison with urinalysis findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the possible clinical significance of bladder urine T1 hyperintensity based upon comparison with urinalysis findings, using a cohort of patients who underwent prostate MRI and urinalysis at a similar point in time during preoperative work-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 56 patients who underwent prostatectomy at our institution who obtained prostate MRI and urinalysis within 1 day of each other preoperatively. A control group of 160 consecutive adult men who underwent pelvic MRI during the same time period for other indications was also identified. Two radiologists independently and in consensus reviewed the T1-weighted images to assess the frequency of bladder urine T1 hyperintensity in both groups. The urinalyses in the 56 men undergoing prostatectomy were reviewed, with the results compared between patients with and without bladder urine T1 hyperintensity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four (7.1%) of 56 men with prostate cancer exhibited T1 hyperintense bladder urine, compared with six (3.8%) of 160 patients exhibiting this finding in the control group (P=.288). Of the four prostate cancer patients with this finding, all exhibited a normal urinalysis. An abnormal urinalysis was identified for four of the prostate cancer patients, all of whom exhibited normal urine T1 signal intensity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bladder urine T1 hyperintensity may be seen occasionally in patients with prostate cancer but is not associated with abnormal urinalysis and therefore should not be regarded as a sign of acute urinary pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA. andrew.rosenkrantz@nyumc.org
authors.forename: Andrew B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rosenkrantz
authors.forename: Benjamin E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Niver
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kopec
authors.forename: Douglas S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Berkman
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lepor
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Babb
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hecht
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology*; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor