title: Contextual correlates of adolescents' self-efficacy after smoking cessation.
abstract: Recent research has shown that daily changes in self-efficacy predict lapses and relapse into smoking after quitting among adolescent daily smokers, but it is not known if and how momentary self-efficacy is associated with affect-motivational states and external contexts. In the present study, 134 adolescent daily smokers were monitored daily during 1 week prior to and 3 weeks after they began their quit attempt. Participants completed questions on smoking, self-efficacy, affect-motivational states (craving and negative affect), and external contexts (seeing others smoke, experiencing a stressful event, and alcohol and coffee consumption) three times a day. Affect-motivational states as well as all external contexts (except for coffee consumption) were associated with lower self-efficacy when participants were still abstinent, but also after they had lapsed. Associations between the situational contexts and self-efficacy did not largely depend on individual characteristics such as baseline self-efficacy and age. Among girls, however, the negative associations between self-efficacy and negative affect and drinking alcohol were found to be stronger. These results show that adolescents' self-efficacy during a quit attempt may be responsive to affect-motivational states and external contexts, both before and after lapsing.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. r.vanzundert@pwo.ru.nl
authors.forename: Rinka M P
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Van Zundert
authors.forename: Rutger C M E
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Engels
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuntsche
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D012008:Recurrence; D020377:Self Efficacy; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult