title: Cloning, expression analysis and bioactivity studies of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin-22.
abstract: This report describes the cloning and characterisation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin (IL)-22, and presents studies of the functional activity of its recombinant protein for the first time in a non-mammalian species. The predicted IL-22 coding region consists of 522 nucleotides which translates into a 173 amino acid protein, that contains an IL-10 family signature which is reasonably well conserved with other vertebrate IL-22 molecules. Expression analysis in tissues from healthy fish revealed a higher constitutive expression of IL-22 in mucosal tissues, suggesting a potentially important role in mucosal immunity. In vitro studies demonstrated that IL-22 expression was induced significantly by PHA and PMA in splenocyte primary cultures 4h post-stimulation. Expression was also induced in the spleen upon infection of fish with the Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia ruckeri, suggesting a potential role of IL-22 in vivo in defence against bacterial diseases. The Escherichia coli produced recombinant IL-22 enhanced the expression of a number of antimicrobial peptides, promoting host innate immunity against microbes and revealing a biological similarity with its mammalian counterpart.
authors.affiliation: Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland, UK. m.monte@abdn.ac.uk
authors.forename: Milena M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Monte
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Tiehui
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrington
authors.forename: Chris J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Secombes
mesh_terms: D024506:5' Flanking Region / Q000235:genetics; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D044124:Yersinia ruckeri / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D007378:Interleukins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000097043:Interleukin-22