title: Epigenetic modulation of the renal β-adrenergic-WNK4 pathway in salt-sensitive hypertension.
abstract: How high salt intake increases blood pressure is a key question in the study of hypertension. Salt intake induces increased renal sympathetic activity resulting in sodium retention. However, the mechanisms underlying the sympathetic control of renal sodium excretion remain unclear. In this study, we found that β(2)-adrenergic receptor (β(2)AR) stimulation led to decreased transcription of the gene encoding WNK4, a regulator of sodium reabsorption. β(2)AR stimulation resulted in cyclic AMP-dependent inhibition of histone deacetylase-8 (HDAC8) activity and increased histone acetylation, leading to binding of the glucocorticoid receptor to a negative glucocorticoid-responsive element in the promoter region. In rat models of salt-sensitive hypertension and sympathetic overactivity, salt loading suppressed renal WNK4 expression, activated the Na(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter and induced salt-dependent hypertension. These findings implicate the epigenetic modulation of WNK4 transcription in the development of salt-sensitive hypertension. The renal β(2)AR-WNK4 pathway may be a therapeutic target for salt-sensitive hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: ShengYu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimosawa
authors.forename: Sayoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuzaburo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uetake
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kawakami-Mori
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marumo
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yatomi
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Geller
authors.forename: Hirotoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001793:Blood Preservation; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008954:Models, Biological; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D020303:Rats, Inbred Dahl; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D049992:Sodium Chloride Symporters / Q000378:metabolism; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D006657:Histones; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D049992:Sodium Chloride Symporters; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C499024:Prkwnk4 protein, mouse; C499025:Wnk4 protein, rat; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases