title: Myocardial contractility is preserved early but reduced late after ovariectomy in young female rats.
abstract: Ovarian sex hormones (OSHs) are implicated in cardiovascular function. It has been shown that OSHs play an important role in the long term regulation of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function and contractility, although early effects of OSHs deprivation on myocardial contractility have not yet been determined. This study evaluated the early and late effects of OSHs deficiency on left ventricular contractility in rats after ovariectomy.
  
  
  
  Young female Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (n=9-15): sham operated (Sham), ovariectomized (Ovx) and Ovx treated with estradiol (1 mg/kg, i.m., once a week) (Ovx+E2). After 7, 15, 30 and 60 days post Ovx, left ventricle papillary muscle was mounted for isometric tension recordings. The inotropic response to Ca2+ (0.62 to 3.75 mM) and isoproterenol (Iso 10-8 to 10-2 M) and contractility changes in response to rate changes (0.25 to 3 Hz) were assessed. Protein expression of SR Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) and phospholamban (PLB) in the heart was also examined.
  
  
  
  The positive inotropic response to Ca2+ and Iso at 7, 15, and 30 days after Ovx was preserved. However, at 60 days, the Ovx group had decreased myocardial contractility which was subsequently restored with E2 replacement. The reduction in SERCA2a and increase in PLB expression observed at 60 days after Ovx were restored with E2 replacement.
  
  
  
  This study demonstrated that myocardial contractility and expression of key Ca2+ handling proteins were preserved in the early phase and reduced at long-term during OSHs deprivation.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Espirito Santo, Department of Physiological Sciences, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
authors.forename: Altemar S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Paigel
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hertel Ribeiro
authors.forename: Aurelia A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Gabriel P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Targueta
authors.forename: Dalton V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Vassallo
authors.forename: Ivanita
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stefanon
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000534:rehabilitation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D007545:Isoproterenol; D002118:Calcium