title: Paediatric musculoskeletal US beyond the hip joint.
abstract: US is a technique particularly suited to the investigation of musculoskeletal disorders in children and adolescents. This review paper describes a range of clinical settings beyond the hip joint where US has a significant role to play, including sports injuries, infectious diseases, inflammatory and degenerative conditions, congenital and developmental disorders, acute trauma of bone and joints, and peripheral nerve injuries. In some circumstances, US can be regarded as the most effective means of diagnostic imaging, whereas in other instances, it is an alternative or supplement to other more comprehensive imaging modalities, like MRI and CT. Although MRI offers superior soft-tissue contrast resolution, US is low-cost, non-invasive and has higher spatial resolution and real-time capability for the assessment of musculoskeletal structures during joint movement and stress manoeuvres.
authors.affiliation: Radiologia-DISC, Università di Genova, Largo Rosanna Benzi 8, 16132 Genoa, Italy. carlo.martinoli@libero.it
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinoli
authors.forename: Maura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valle
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malattia
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beatrice Damasio
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tagliafico
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020516:Brachial Plexus Neuropathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries*; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography