title: A characteristic time sequence of epileptic activity in EEG during dynamic penicillin-induced focal epilepsy--a preliminary study.
abstract: Penicillin-induced focal epilepsy is a well-known model in experimental epilepsy. However, the dynamic evolution of waveforms, DC-level changes, spectral content and coherence are rarely reported. Stimulated by earlier fMRI findings, we also seek for the early signs preceding spiking activity from frequency domain of EEG signal. In this study, EEG data is taken from previous EEG/fMRI series (six pigs, 20-24kg) of an experimental focal epilepsy model, which includes dynamic induction of epileptic activity with penicillin (6000IU) injection into the somatosensory cortex during deep isoflurane anaesthesia. No ictal discharges were recorded with this dose. Spike waveforms, DC-level, time-frequency content and coherence of EEG were analysed. Development of penicillin induced focal epileptic activity was not preceded with specific spectral changes. The beginning of interictal spiking was related to power increase in the frequencies below 6Hz or 20Hz, and continued to a widespread spectral increase. DC-level and coherence changes were clear in one animal. Morphological evolution of epileptic activity was a collection of the low-amplitude monophasic, bipolar, triple or double spike-wave forms, with an increase in amplitude, up to large monophasic spiking. In conclusion, in the time sequence of induced epileptic activity, immediate shifts in DC-level EEG are plausible, followed by the spike activity-related widespread increase in spectral content. Morphological evolution does not appear to follow a clear continuum; rather, intermingled and variable spike or multispike waveforms generally lead to stabilised activity of high-amplitude monophasic spikes.
authors.affiliation: WellTech Oulu Institute, University of Oulu, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Linnanmaa, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. Minna.Silfverhuth@oulu.fi
authors.forename: Minna J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Silfverhuth
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kortelainen
authors.forename: Jyrki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruohonen
authors.forename: Kalervo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suominen
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niinimäki
authors.forename: Eila
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sonkajärvi
authors.forename: Vesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kiviniemi
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alahuhta
authors.forename: Ville
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jäntti
authors.forename: Osmo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tervonen
authors.forename: Tapio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seppänen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D058256:Brain Waves / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D010406:Penicillins; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins