title: Activation of Th17/Th1 and Th1, but not Th17, is associated with the acute cardiac event in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Th1 activation and regulatory T (Treg) cell suppression have been observed in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including unstable angina (UA) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the role of Th17 cell or IL-17A remains controversial in ACS patients, and little is known about the role of recently discovered Th17/Th1 cells, a subset of Th17 cells, in coronary artery disease (CAD). The purpose of this study is to investigate functional changes of Th17/Th1, Th17, Th1, Th2 and Treg cells in ACS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The contents of Th17/Th1, Th17, Th1, Th2 and Treg cells, related gene expression, and plasma cytokines from CAD and control patients with normal coronary arteries (NCA) were measured by flow cytometry, real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Th17/Th1 and Th1 cell contents and related gene expression (T-bet, IFN-γ, STAT4, RORγt, STAT3 and IL-17) were significantly increased in ACS patients, whereas plasma IFN-γ only increased in CAD patients. In contrast, Treg cell population, Foxp3 levels, and plasma TGF-β1 were decreased in ACS patients compared with stable angina (SA) and NCA patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed activation of Th17/Th1 and Th1 cell in ACS patients, which may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying culprit plaque relevant T-cell activation in ACS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Manli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yuqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shaobin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Zuyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002681:China; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines