title: Radiation protection at nuclear fuel cycle facilities.
abstract: Radiation protection methodologies concerning individual monitoring, workplace monitoring and environmental monitoring in nuclear fuel facilities have been developed and applied to facilities in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle Engineering Laboratories (NCL) of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) for over 40 y. External exposure to photon, beta ray and neutron and internal exposure to alpha emitter are important issues for radiation protection at these facilities. Monitoring of airborne and surface contamination by alpha and beta/photon emitters at workplace is also essential to avoid internal exposure. A critical accident alarm system developed by JAEA has been proved through application at the facilities for a long time. A centralised area monitoring system is effective for emergency situations. Air and liquid effluents from facilities are monitored by continuous monitors or sampling methods to comply with regulations. Effluent monitoring has been carried out for 40 y to assess the radiological impacts on the public and the environment due to plant operation.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Protection Department, Nuclear Fuel Cycle Engineering Laboratories, Tokai Research and Development Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 4-33 Muramatsu, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. endo.kuniaki@jaea.go.jp
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Takumaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Momose
authors.forename: Sadaaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furuta
mesh_terms: D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D009688:Nuclear Reactors; D017785:Photons; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011835:Radiation Protection; D012307:Risk Factors; D017751:Safety Management