title: Rhodococcus equi infection after lung transplantation.
abstract: Rhodococcus equi is an emerging opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. A lung-transplant recipient developed weight loss, nonproductive cough, dyspnea, and somnolence. Computed tomogram showed a pulmonary nodule and pleural changes in the right allograft that was  due to R. equi infection. Alteration of cell-mediated immunity is a predisposing risk factor for R. equi infection in humans. Our patient developed R. equi infection soon after a course of high-dose corticosteroids for acute allograft infection and  animal exposure. A course of intravenous vancomycin followed by single-agent long-term therapy with oral ciprofloxacin was successful.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, and Surgery; University of Kentucky Medical Center; Lexington, Kentucky, USA. don.hayes@uky.edu
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diaz-Guzman
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hoopes
mesh_terms: D000193:Actinomycetales Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D016040:Lung Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000601:surgery; D016929:Rhodococcus equi; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D014640:Vancomycin