title: Adaptive immunity in atherosclerosis: mechanisms and future therapeutic targets.
abstract: Chronic inflammation drives the development of atherosclerosis, and adaptive immunity is deeply involved in this process. Initial studies attributed a pathogenic role to T cells in atherosclerosis, mainly owing to the proatherogenic role of the T-helper (T(H))-1 cell subset, whereas the influence of T(H)2 and T(H)17 subsets is still debated. Today we know that T regulatory cells play a critical role in the protection against atherosclerotic lesion development and inflammation. In contrast to T cells, B cells were initially considered to be protective in atherosclerosis, assumingly through the production of protective antibodies against oxidized LDL. This concept has now been refined and proatherogenic roles of certain mature B cell subsets have been identified. We review the current knowledge about the role of various lymphocyte subsets in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and highlight future targets for immunomodulatory therapy.
authors.affiliation: French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université Paris Descartes, 56 rue Leblanc, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lahoute
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Herbin
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mallat
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tedgui
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D014612:Vaccines
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D014612:Vaccines