title: From dishwasher to tap? Xenobiotic substances benzotriazole and tolyltriazole in the environment.
abstract: There is increasing evidence that the use of chemicals frequently results in widespread environmental contamination with little understanding of the toxicological implications. Benzotriazoles are used in, among other applications, dishwashing formulations for home use, and are a class of chemicals recently reported to be present in European waters. This study demonstrates their presence in UK wastewaters, rivers, and drinking water. It also estimates that their use as silver polishing agents in dishwasher tablets and powders may account for a significant proportion of inputs to wastewaters. The lack of a complete set of good quality (eco)toxicological data on possible chronic effects of these high use chemicals should caution against using them in a manner which may have contributed to such widespread environmental contamination.
authors.affiliation: Institute for the Environment, Brunel University, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK.
authors.forename: Hussein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Janna
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Scrimshaw
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Churchley
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sumpter
mesh_terms: D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D006113:United Kingdom; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*; D015262:Xenobiotics
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D014230:Triazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015262:Xenobiotics; C012771:benzotriazole