title: Retrospective image-based gating of intracoronary optical coherence tomography: implications for quantitative analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Images acquired of coronary vessels during a pullback of time-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) are influenced by the dynamics of the heart. This study explores the feasibility of applying an in-house developed retrospective image-based gating method for OCT and the influence of catheter dislocation and luminal changes during the cardiac cycle on the outcome of quantitative OCT (QOCT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gating method was developed using Matlab (The Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA) and operates in a fully-automatic manner. OCT image data of 20 randomly selected patients, acquired with a commercially available system (Lightlab Imaging, Westford, MA, USA), were pulled from our OCT database for development and validation. Twelve of the 20 datasets could be gated; the other eight pullbacks could not be gated due to a lack of motion induced artefacts. Computations required approximately 30 minutes/dataset. Quantitative comparisons between the gated and the non-gated QOCT results showed significant differences for mean areas and volumes (p <0.001) and mean relative differences of -11% (range -2 up to -20%) for lumen areas (gated) and -13% (range -5 up to -24%) for volumes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retrospective image-based time-domain OCT gating in the presence of motion induced artefacts is feasible. Significant changes in coronary lumen dimensions during the cardiac cycle were observed by OCT and in consequence, quantitative gated OCT analysis showed significant differences compared to non-gated QOCT analyses.
authors.affiliation: Thoraxcentre, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sihan
authors.forename: Charl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Botha
authors.forename: Frits
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Sebastiaan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Winter
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gonzalo
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Regar
authors.forename: Patrick W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Serruys
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hamers
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bruining
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D009426:Netherlands; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012984:Software; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence