title: Current and future treatment considerations in the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a type of hemorrhagic stroke that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Although guidelines have been published to help direct the care of these patients, there is insufficient quality literature regarding the medical and pharmacological management of patients with aSAH. Treatment is divided into 3 categories: supportive therapy, prevention of complications, and treatment of complications. There are numerous pharmacological therapies that are targeted at prevention and treatment of the neurological and medical complications that may arise. Rebleeding, hydrocephalus, cerebral vasospasm, and seizures are the most common neurological complications while the most common medical complications include hyponatremia, pulmonary edema, cardiac arrhythmias, neurogenic stunned myocardium, fever, anemia, infection, hyperglycemia, and venous thromboembolism. Risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, pathophysiology, as well as initial management, prevention, and treatment of complications will be the focus of this discussion.
authors.affiliation: Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. drhoney@wayne.edu
authors.forename: Denise H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Rhoney
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McAllen
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu-DeRyke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D019468:Disease Management; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers