title: Antimicrobial peptide killing of African trypanosomes.
abstract: The diseases caused by trypanosomes are medically and economically devastating to the population of Sub-Saharan Africa. Parasites of the genus Trypanosoma infect both humans, causing African sleeping sickness, and livestock, causing Nagana. The development of effective treatment strategies has suffered from severe side effects of approved drugs, resistance and major difficulties in delivering drugs. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous components of immune defence and are being rigorously pursued as novel sources of new therapeutics for a variety of pathogens. Here, we review the role of AMPs in the innate immune response of the tsetse fly to African trypanosomes, catalogue trypanocidal AMPs from diverse organisms and highlight the susceptibility of bloodstream form African trypanosomes to killing by unconventional toxic peptides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. jmharrin@uga.edu).
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Harrington
mesh_terms: D000408:Alamethicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D006801:Humans; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D055666:Lipopeptides; D010455:Peptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents; C031299:tsushimycin; D000408:Alamethicin; C008268:leucinostatin A