title: The Pittsburgh STOP program: disseminating an evidence-informed intervention for low-income pregnant smokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prenatal smoking is a preventable risk factor for poor perinatal outcomes and is more prevalent in pregnant smokers of low socioeconomic status (SES). We describe the intervention model and factors associated with quitting from the Pittsburgh STOP Program, an evidence-informed dissemination intervention for low-SES pregnant smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  STOP is delivered in community health care clinics serving economically disadvantaged women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 856 pregnant women who were current smokers (93%) and recent quitters (7%). Most were white (59%) or black (35%), single (74%), young (mean age = 25), and experiencing an unplanned pregnancy (84%); 90% were insured by Medicaid/uninsured.
  
  
  METHODS
  An evidence-informed intervention for community pregnant women was delivered individually in a single-group pre-post evaluation design. Measures were demographics, participation and retention, smoking status, satisfaction, and cost. Analyses included descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants attended an average of 4.7 sessions. Dropout rate after the first session was 5%. Over 11% of smokers quit; 48% of preenrollment spontaneous quitters remained abstinent. Factors significantly associated with quitting included race, mother's age, nicotine dependence, and number of sessions attended.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  STOP is a community program with self-selected participants and no control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-income pregnant smokers will engage in an evidence-informed cessation program tailored for this group, with quit rates that compare to controlled research results.
authors.affiliation: Western Psychiatric Institute & Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. clusspa@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cluss
authors.forename: Michele D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Landsittel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination; D010414:Pennsylvania; D011203:Poverty; D011247:Pregnancy; D037841:Pregnant People / Q000523:psychology*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D055815:Young Adult