title: Uric acid levels and atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Uric acid (UA) is a cardiovascular risk marker associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Recently, atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. The objective of this observational study was to investigate the association between UA levels and AF in hypertensive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with hypertension were screened. We excluded subjects with coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, renal failure, inflammatory conditions, thyroid dysfunction, respiratory diseases, and those who were taking drugs that affect UA metabolism (apart from diuretics). The final study population consisted of 451 patients. Fifty of them (11%) had AF (paroxysmal: 38; persistent: 8; permanent: 4). Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics were carefully recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After univariate analysis, age, duration of hypertension, serum creatinine, serum UA, left atrial diameter (LAD), interventricular septum thickness, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness were significantly increased in patients with AF compared with non-AF patients, while the estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) level was much lower in patients with AF than in those without AF. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors of AF were UA (OR: 1.008; 95% CI: 1.003-1.013, p=0.002) and LAD (OR: 1.160; 95% CI: 1.068-1.260; p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated an independent association between increased serum UA levels and AF in hypertensive patients. Undoubtedly, larger studies in different populations should further examine this potential association as well as the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Korantzopoulos
authors.forename: Shaohua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guangping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine