title: Acute allograft rejection: cellular and humoral processes.
abstract: Acute cellular rejection affects greater than one-third of lung transplant recipients. Alloreactive T-lymphocytes constitute the basis of lung allograft rejection. Recent evidence supports a more complex immune response to the allograft. Interaction between recipient genetics, immunosuppression therapies, and allograft environmental exposures likely contribute to high rejection rates after lung transplantation. A greater understanding of the heterogeneous mechanisms of lung rejection is critical to developing effective therapies that target the precise pathophysiology of the disease and ultimately improve long-term lung transplant outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Lung and Heart-Lung Transplant Program, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. tereza.martinu@duke.edu
authors.forename: Tereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martinu
authors.forename: Elizabeth N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Pavlisko
authors.forename: Dong-Feng
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014181:Transplantation Immunology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous