title: Cancer and Parkinson's disease: the odd couple.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) are less likely to develop nonmelanoma cancers and vice versa. In contrast, the co-occurrence of PD and melanoma has been reported in numerous studies. The exact mechanisms underlying the observed cancer-PD association are not clear. Different hypotheses have been put forward, including shared environmental/lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking and socioeconomic status) and common genetic components (e.g., parkinson protein 2 [PARK2], leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 [LRRK2], Parkinson disease [autosomal recessive, early onset] 7 [PARK7, DJ-1] and pigmentation genes). In the current review, we summarize recent findings to offer new insight into the pathogenesis of both conditions.
authors.affiliation: Channing Laboratory (XG), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. xiang.gao@channing.harvard.edu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ning
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D008545:Melanoma / Q000209:etiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D012923:Social Class
chemical_list: D007980:Levodopa