title: Arteriovenous malformation: a rare manifestation of PHACE syndrome.
abstract: We present two cases of PHACE syndrome (an acronym for the neurocutaneous association of posterior fossa defects, hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac anomalies, and eye defects) associated with arteriovenous fistulae/malformation (AVF/AVM). While cerebral arterial anomalies are a main feature of this syndrome, the diagnostic criteria do not include AVF/AVM. To our knowledge, our cases are the fifth and sixth reported cases of PHACE syndrome and AVF/AVM occurring in the same patient. Given the rarity of both PHACE syndrome and AVM, and the known relationship between cerebrovascular anomalies and segmental infantile hemangioma, we suggest that the simultaneous occurrence in these patients is related.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA. klbrando@texaschildrens.org
authors.forename: Kirra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brandon
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burrows
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Metry
mesh_terms: D001017:Aortic Coarctation / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002648:Child; D005124:Eye Abnormalities / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020752:Neurocutaneous Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology