title: GC/MS-based profiling of amino acids and TCA cycle-related molecules in ulcerative colitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The roles that amino acids play in immunity and inflammation are well defined, and the relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and certain amino acids has recently attracted attention. In this study, the levels of amino acids and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) cycle-related molecules in the colonic tissues and sera of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were profiled by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), with the aim of evaluating whether the clinical state induced by UC leads to variations in the amino acid profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colonic biopsy samples from 22 UC patients were used, as well as serum samples from UC patients (n = 13), Crohn's disease (CD) patients (n = 21), and healthy volunteers (n = 17).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the GC/MS-based profiling of amino acids and TCA cycle-related molecules, lower levels of 16 amino acids and 5 TCA cycle-related molecules were observed in the colonic lesion tissues of the UC patients, and the serum profiles of amino acids and TCA cycle-related molecules of the UC patients were different from those of the CD patients and healthy volunteers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study raises the possibility that GC/MS-based profiling of amino acids and TCA cycle-related molecules is a useful early diagnostic tool for UC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Chuo-ku, Kusunoki-cho, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishiumi
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshie
authors.forename: Yuuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiomi
authors.forename: Michitaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohashi
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Irino
authors.forename: Tadaomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takenawa
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers