title: Students' inductive reasoning skills and the relevance of prior knowledge: an exploratory study with a computer-based training course on the topic of acne vulgaris.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The importance of inductive instruction in medical education is increasingly growing. Little is known about the relevance of prior knowledge regarding students' inductive reasoning abilities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose is to evaluate this inductive teaching method as a means of fostering higher levels of learning and to explore how individual differences in prior knowledge (high [HPK] vs. low [LPK]) contribute to students' inductive reasoning skills.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six LPK and 18 HPK students could train twice with an interactive computer-based training object to discover the underlying concept before doing the final comprehension check.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Students had a median of 76.9% of correct answers in the first, 90.9% in the second training, and answered 92% of the final assessment questions correctly. More important, 86% of all students succeeded with inductive learning, among them 83% of the HPK students and 89% of the LPK students.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prior knowledge did not predict performance on overall comprehension. This inductive instructional strategy fostered students' deep approaches to learning in a time-effective way.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horn-Ritzinger
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bernhardt
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smolle
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris; D003479:Curriculum; D003880:Dermatology / Q000193:education; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008297:Male; D013337:Students, Medical; D013850:Thinking; D014584:User-Computer Interface