title: Effect of low-concentration daily topical fluoride application on fluoride release of giomer and compomer: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of low-concentration daily topical fluoride application on fluoride release of Giomer and Compomer and to compare the amount of fluoride release from Giomer to that of Compomer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight specimens of each Giomer and Compomer were divided into four treatment groups, namely, control group, fluoridated dentifrice (500 ppm) once-daily group, fluoridated dentifrice (500 ppm) twice-daily group and fluoridated dentifrice (500 ppm) once-daily + fluoridated mouthwash (225 ppm) group. Each specimen was suspended in demineralising solution for 6 h and remineralising solution for 18 h. Fluoride release was measured in both the demineralising solution and the remineralising solution daily for 21 days. Total daily fluoride release for each specimen was calculated by adding the amount released in the demineralising solution to that released in the remineralising solution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fluoride release (ppm) was found to be higher in Giomer when compared with Compomer. The fluoride released from Giomer and Compomer was significantly higher in the acidic demineralising solution than in the neutral remineralising solution. It was found that increasing fluoride exposure significantly increased fluoride release from Giomer and Compomer. It was found that the fluoride release from the subgroups of Giomer and Compomer was in the following order: fluoridated dentifrice twice-daily > fluoridated dentifrice once-daily + fluoridated mouthwash > fluoridated dentifrice once-daily > control group. It was found that Giomer showed a greater fluoride uptake Compomer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Orissa, India. kanikasingh.dhull@gmail.com
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Dhull
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nandlal
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D020770:Compomers / Q000737:chemistry*; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry; D004058:Diffusion; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000737:chemistry*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000737:chemistry; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D020770:Compomers; D003802:Dentifrices; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006878:Hydroxides; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010710:Phosphates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D019279:Resin Cements; C012980:fluorophosphate; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D005459:Fluorides; C018279:sodium phosphate; C029943:potassium hydroxide