title: Enhanced β-tricalcium phosphate blended clot adhesion to EDTA biomodulated periodontally affected root surfaces: in vivo scanning electron microscopy evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study is to evaluate β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) blended clot adhesion to EDTA-conditioned root surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with chronic periodontitis and two teeth designated for extraction were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into six groups (G1 to G6; 10 patients in each). In G1, intrabony defects were grafted with β-TCP with a particle size ranging from 150 to 500 μm. In G2, intrabony defects were grafted with β-TCP with a particle size ranging from 63 to 150 μm. Roots in G3 were etched for 2 minutes with a neutral EDTA, followed by defect overfill of the β-TCP used for G1. Defects of G4 were treated by the same method as in G3, except the EDTA gel application was 4 minutes. Roots in G5 and G6 were etched for 2 and 4 minutes, respectively, followed by the defect fill with β-TCP used for G2. For each patient, one tooth was extracted immediately after surgery and the other tooth was extracted at 14 days for scanning electron microscopy evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen days after surgery, the G1 and G2 samples revealed undetected graft particles. The G3 samples showed areas of adherent β-TCP particles covering about 42.5%. The G4 samples showed 53.7% graft material coverage. The G5 and G6 samples had adherent grafted particles that covered 77.9% and 82.7%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Root conditioning with EDTA gel improves β-TCP blended clot adhesion to periodontally involved root surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, El-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. hgamal1@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ahmed Yousef
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Gamal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D003018:Clot Retraction / Q000187:drug effects; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005337:Fibrin / Q000187:drug effects; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013499:Surface Properties; D014016:Tissue Conditioning, Dental / Q000379:methods; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002614:Chelating Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D005337:Fibrin; D004492:Edetic Acid