title: Tumor necrosis factor-α increases angiopoietin-like protein 2 gene expression by activating Foxo1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
abstract: Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) is a key adipocyte-derived inflammatory mediator linking obesity to systemic insulin resistance, which is overexpressed in obesity and related metabolic diseases. However, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α treatment increased the expression of Angptl2 gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The cloning and sequence analysis of the Angptl2 gene promoter revealed the presence of several putative-binding sites for transcriptional factors, including two IREs. Insulin suppressed Angptl2 mRNA expression in dose-dependent manners, which could be attenuated by a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. The interactions between IRE sites within Angptl2 promoter and forkhead transcription factor Foxo1 were identified by EMSA and ChIP assay. Furthermore, lentivirus-mediated knockdown of Foxo1 expression inhibited the transcriptional activity of Angptl2 promoter and decreased Angptl2 mRNA expression. Finally, TNF-α inhibited Foxo1 phosphorylation and enhanced its transcriptional activity, through which TNF-α increased the expression of Angptl2 in adipocytes. These results suggest that TNF-α up-regulates Angptl2 mRNA expression via PI3K/Foxo1 pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which may be involved in obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
authors.forename: Jiao-Yang
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jun-Jie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Wen-Zhao
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yong-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Zhi-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000091302:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020218:Response Elements; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000091302:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins; C485793:Angptl2 protein, mouse; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C467200:Foxo1 protein, mouse; D007328:Insulin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha