title: A synthetic hydrazone derivative acts as an apoptotic inducer with chemopreventive activity on a tongue cancer cell line.
abstract: One of the main aims of cancer chemopreventive studies is to identify ideal apoptotic inducers, especially examples which can induce early apoptotic activity. The present investigation focused on chemopreventive effects of a hydrazone derivative using an in vitro model with tongue cancer cells. Alteration in cell morphology was ascertained, along with stage in the cell cycle and proliferation, while living-dead status of the cells was confirmed under a confocal microscope. In addition, cytotoxicity test was performed using normal mouse skin fibroblast cells. The results showed that the compound inhibited the growth of tongue cancer cells with an inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 0.01 mg/ml in a dose and time-dependent manner, with a two-fold increase in early apoptotic activity and G0G1 phase cell cycle arrest compared to untreated cells. Exposure to the compound also resulted in alterations of cell morphology including vacuolization and cellular shrinkage. Confocal microscope analysis using calcein and ethidium staining confirmed that the compound caused cell death, whereas no cytotoxic effects on normal mouse skin fibroblast cells were observed. In conclusion, the findings in this study suggested that the hydrazone derivative acts as an apoptotic inducer with anti-proliferative chemopreventive activity in tongue cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Nur Ayunie
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Zulkepli
authors.forename: Karen Voon Kai
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Rou
authors.forename: Wan Nur Hidayati Wan
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Abdussalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salhin
authors.forename: Bahruddin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Azman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seeni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006835:Hydrazones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D051379:Mice; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D006835:Hydrazones