title: Gastrointestinal features of Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are among the most common nonmotor manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD), and they have many important ramifications for patients. The purpose of this review is to raise awareness of the full spectrum of GI symptoms in PD which include weight loss, sialorrhea, dysphagia, nausea, constipation, and defecatory dysfunction. We will discuss their practical significance, and outline a clear approach to their evaluation and management. A brief discussion about the impacts of commonly used medical and surgical PD therapies on GI symptom manifestation is also included.
authors.affiliation: Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA. ljcloud@emory.edu
authors.forename: Leslie J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Cloud
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Greene
mesh_terms: D003248:Constipation / Q000503:physiopathology; D003672:Defecation / Q000502:physiology; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009325:Nausea / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012798:Sialorrhea / Q000503:physiopathology; D015431:Weight Loss