title: Carrier-bound, nonallergenic Ole e 1 peptides for vaccination against olive pollen allergy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trees of the family Oleaceae (olive and ash) are important allergen sources in Mediterranean countries, Northern and Central Europe, and North America. The major olive pollen allergen Ole e 1 represents the majority of allergenic epitopes in olive pollen and cross-reacts with Fra e 1, the major ash pollen allergen.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to develop a safe vaccine for the treatment of Oleaceae pollen allergy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We synthesized 5 peptides ranging from 32 to 36 amino acids, which covered the whole sequence of Ole e 1. The IgE and T-cell reactivity of the peptides was compared with that of Ole e 1 by means of dot blot experiments, as well as ELISA, and in proliferation assays. Rabbits were immunized with non-IgE-reactive, keyhole limpet hemocyanin-coupled peptides or Ole e 1. The reactivity of the IgG antibodies with Ole e 1 and their ability to inhibit IgE binding to nOle e 1 was evaluated by means of ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the C-terminal Ole e 1 peptide showed IgE binding, whereas the other peptides were nonallergenic. Immunization of rabbits with Ole e 1-derived peptides bound to the carrier molecule keyhole limpet hemocyanin induced in rabbits the production of Ole e 1-specific IgG antibodies, which cross-reacted with Fra e 1, and inhibited olive and ash pollen-sensitized patients' IgE binding to Ole e 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two non-IgE-binding peptides with low T-cell reactivity from the N-terminus of Ole e 1 were identified that might represent safe vaccine candidates for immunotherapy of Oleaceae pollen allergy.
authors.affiliation: Christian Doppler Laboratory for Allergy Research, Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Teresa E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Twaroch
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Focke
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Civaj
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Nadja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Balic
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mari
authors.forename: Rosetta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quirce
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spitzauer
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Swoboda
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valenta
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D031658:Olea / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000485:Allergens; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D010455:Peptides; D006433:Hemocyanins; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin