title: Reliability and validity of the German version of the OPTION scale.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the psychometric properties of the German version of the 'observing patient involvement' scale (OPTION) by analysing video recordings of primary care consultations dealing with counselling in cardiovascular prevention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional assessment of physician-patient interaction by two rater pairs and two experts in shared decision making (SDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen general practitioners provided 40 videographed consultations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Video ratings using the OPTION instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean differences on item level between the four raters were quite large. Most items were skewed towards minimal levels of shared decision making. Measures of inter-rater association showed low to moderate associations on item level and high associations on total score level. Cronbach-α of the whole scale based on the data of all four raters is 0.90 and therefore on a high level. An oblique factor analysis revealed two factors, but both factors were highly correlated so we can confirm a one-dimensional structure of the instrument. ROC analyses between the rater total scores and dichotomized expert ratings (SDM yes/no) revealed a good discriminability of the OPTION total score. Physicians with more expertise in shared decision making received higher OPTION ratings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The German version of the OPTION scale is reliable at total score level. Some items need further revision in the direction of more concrete, observable behaviour. We were only able to perform a quasi-validation of the scale. Validity issues need further research efforts.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Practice/Family Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Germany. oliver.hirsch@staff.uni-marburg
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Heidemarie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Meike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller-Engelmann
authors.forename: Monika Heinzel
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Gutenbrunner
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krones
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Donner-Banzhoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D058005:General Practitioners; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010358:Patient Participation; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014175:Translating; D014741:Video Recording