title: Current dilemmas and controversies in allergic contact dermatitis to ophthalmic medications.
abstract: Identifying contact allergens in ophthalmic medications can be a challenging and daunting experience. We summarize data on topical ophthalmic medications with the potential to cause periorbital contact dermatitis and allergic conjunctivitis, highlighting current dilemmas and controversies in this area. The following groups of allergens are reviewed: preservatives, antiglaucoma medications (prostaglandin analogues, β-blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, parasympathomimetics, sympathomimetics), antiinflammatory medications (nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, corticosteroids), antibiotics, antivirals, antiallergic medications (antihistamines, cromones), anaesthetics, mydriatics, and cycloplegics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Trust, Peterborough, UK.
authors.forename: Elena S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Novitskaya
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: Jennifer P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Anton B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Alexandroff
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000139:chemically induced; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology*; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions