title: The role of photosensitized macrophages in photodynamic therapy.
abstract: Cancer stimulates macrophage infiltration and encourages angiogenesis, which is necessary for tumor growth and invasion. It seems, that the influence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on immune cells and immune regulators plays a crucial role in this process. In order to study this effect, the influence of δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) PDT on the activity of the murine macrophage J-774A.1 cell line was assessed. J-774A.1 cells were incubated with different concentrations of ALA and irradiated with a VIS light source (400-750 nm) at 5, 10 and 30 J/cm2. The effects of ALA-PDT were evaluated on the basis of cell viability and the secretory activity of macrophages (nitric oxide, NO; reactive oxygen intermediates, ROI; tumor necrosis factor α, TNF-α; interleukin-1β, IL-1β; and nuclear factor κB, NF-κB; proteins, p50 and p65). Experiments showed that at the higher energy doses, there was a large increase in ROI and TNF-α release and decreased levels of NF-κB p50 and p65, IL-1β production and NO release. The increased levels of ROI and TNF-α release after PDT could be an additional factor for the complete eradication of tumors. The decrease in NF-κB p50 and p65 and IL-1β levels could inhibit tumor progression.
authors.affiliation: Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Department of Internal Diseases, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, 15 Batory St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland. akawczyk@gmail.com
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawczyk-Krupka
authors.forename: Zenon
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Czuba
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szliszka
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Król
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sieroń
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D007107:Immune System; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide