title: Inhibition of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase strongly decreases cytokine production and release in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common form of dementia in the elderly individuals. Among the pathogenic mechanisms in AD, chronic systemic inflammation is described and characterized by massive production of proinflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which may contribute to an altered immune response and exacerbation of neurodegeneration. Studies have also reported increased double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) activation in the PBMCs of patients with AD. Interestingly, PKR could be involved in NF-κB activation, leading to production of a wide range of cytokines. We proposed to decrease proinflammatory cytokines production and release by treating the PBMCs in 25 patients with AD with a specific inhibitor of PKR. Our results showed that PKR inhibition greatly decreased tumor necrosis factor , interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, and IL-6 production and release but did not affect the chemokine RANTES. Moreover, inhibition of the proinflammatory factors was correlated with prevention of caspase-3 activation. These results indicated that specific inhibition of PKR at the peripheral level might decrease the inflammatory response in AD.
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Brain Aging, GReViC EA 3808, University of Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Couturier
authors.forename: Guylène
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gontier
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Claude
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pontcharraud
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fauconneau
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paccalin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase; D053148:Caspase 3