title: A chemical signal generator for resolving temporal dynamics of single cells.
abstract: To investigate rapid cell signaling, analytical methods are required that can generate repeatable chemical signals for stimulating live cells with high temporal resolution. Here, we present a chemical signal generator based on hydrodynamic gating, permitting flexible stimulation of single adherent cells with a temporal resolution of 20 ms. Studies of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced calcium signaling in HeLa cells were demonstrated using this developed method. Consecutive treatment of the cells with ATP pulses of 20 or 1 s led to an increase of latency, which might be another indicator of receptor desensitization in addition to the decrease in the amplitude of calcium spikes. With increasing duration of ATP pulses from milliseconds to a few seconds, the cellular responses transitioned from single calcium spikes to calcium oscillation gradually. We expected this method to open up a new avenue for potential investigation of rapid cell signaling.
authors.affiliation: Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics, Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jingjing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Bi-Feng
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D004867:Equipment Design; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium