title: Online high-efficiency haemodiafiltration achieves higher serum free light chain removal than high-flux haemodialysis in multiple myeloma patients: preliminary quantitative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fast reduction of serum free light chain (FLC) levels correlate with renal recovery in cast nephropathy. Because convection has the capacity to remove proteins of higher molecular weights, we hypothesized that haemodiafiltration (HDF) would be superior to haemodialysis (HD) for FLC clearance.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively identified all renal replacement therapy (RRT) sessions performed in multiple myeloma patients with pre- and post-treatment FLC measurements during a 2-year period. Using kinetic modelling, we calculated reduction percentages corrected for net ultrafiltration, effective clearances, net mass removal and Kt/V for both kappa (κ) and lambda (λ) serum FLC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analysed 27 (10 HD and 17 HDF) RRT sessions realized in a total of six subjects. HDF resulted in higher FLC removal rates when compared to HD. Moreover, high-efficiency (i.e. substitution volume > 15 L/session) HDF demonstrated median efficient FLC clearances roughly twice superior to high-flux HD for both κ (59.0 versus 33.8 mL/min, respectively; P < 0.01) and λ (40.5 versus 19.7 mL/min, respectively; P = 0.02) FLC. In post-dilution HDF treatments, corrected FLC reduction percentages positively correlated with substitution volumes. Total plasma proteins increased during RRT in the HDF group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary quantitative study demonstrates the superiority of high-efficiency HDF over high-flux HD for serum FLC removal in multiple myeloma patients on RRT. No negative impact on total plasma proteins was noted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Lapeyronie University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granger Vallée
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chenine
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leray-Moragues
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Patrier
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cognot
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cartron
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cristol
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Canaud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018481:Convection; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017583:Hemodiafiltration; D006801:Humans; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000097:blood*; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D009862:Online Systems; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D007146:Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains