title: Intakes of vitamin B6 and dietary fiber and clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of Japanese female patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intakes of selected vitamins and dietary fiber may influence the clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Using a cohort study method, we investigated the associations of dietary intake of vitamin B6 and B12, folate, and dietary fiber with the risk of active disease and atherosclerotic vascular events in SLE.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included female SLE patients in the Miyagi Lupus Cohort, which was founded in 1995. Dietary nutrients at baseline were estimated by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The association of each nutrient intake with the risk of active disease was investigated in 216 patients who had inactive disease at baseline. The association with atherosclerotic vascular events was assessed in 196 women who had inactive disease and no history of atherosclerotic diseases at baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three cases of active disease were identified during 9966 person-months of follow-up (1995-1999). During 19 575 person-months of follow-up (1995-2005), 20 atherosclerotic vascular events were documented. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed an inverse association between vitamin B6 intake and the risk of active disease (hazard ratio for the highest as compared with the lowest tertile, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.18-0.97; P for trend = 0.04). An inverse association was also found for dietary fiber intake (P for trend = 0.01). However, no significant association was observed between intakes of these nutrients and the risk of atherosclerotic vascular events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher intake of vitamin B6 and dietary fiber may prevent the occurrence of active disease in SLE.
authors.affiliation: Division of Community Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan. adym@med.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harigae
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000473:pathology*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D025101:Vitamin B 6 / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D025101:Vitamin B 6; D011241:Prednisone