title: Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis after H1N1 vaccination: a case report and review of the cutaneous side effects of influenza vaccines.
abstract: Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis (CHP) is a rare disease mostly caused by viral infections and/or lymphoproliferative diseases. We describe a case of CHP associated with H1N1 vaccine during the winter 2009-2010 vaccination campaign and discuss the cutaneous side effects of influenza vaccines. A 6-year-old child presented with inflammatory subcutaneous nodules, which had appeared 1 month after the first injection of H1N1 vaccine and 1 week after the second injection. There was no history of recent infection. The skin lesions spontaneously disappeared without scarring. In CHP the abnormal cytokine secretion from neoplastic or reactive T cells promotes monocyte-macrophage activation and haemophagocytosis. Vaccination is not a common cause of CHP, but it seems possible that, as in infectious diseases, reactive T cells to the vaccine antigen could trigger CHP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Toulouse University Hospital, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pauwels
authors.forename: C Bulai
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Livideanu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maza
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lamant
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D053804:Granzymes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006644:Histiocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015614:Histiocytosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D015434:Panniculitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D053804:Granzymes