title: Bacterial community structure of a full-scale biofilter treating pig house exhaust air.
abstract: Biological air filters represent a promising tool for treating emissions of ammonia and odor from pig facilities. Quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to investigate the bacterial community structure and diversity in a full-scale biofilter consisting of two consecutive compartments (front and back filter). The analysis revealed a highly specialized bacterial community of limited diversity, dominated by a few groups of Betaproteobacteria (especially Comamonas) and diverse Bacteroidetes. Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and betaproteobacterial ammonia oxidizers (Nitrosomonas eutropha/Nitrosococcus mobilis-lineage) were also quantitatively important. Only a few quantitative differences existed between the two filter compartments at the group level, with a lower relative abundance of Actinobacteria and a higher relative abundance of the Cytophaga-Flavobacteria group in the back filter compared to the front filter. These results confirmed the N. eutropha/Nc. mobilis-lineage as the main ammonia oxidizers in pig house air filters and allowed first hypotheses for the key organisms involved in odor removal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sohngaardsholmsvej 49, Aalborg University, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.forename: Kristina Hadulla
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Per Halkjær
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Lars Peter
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Jeppe Lund
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schramm
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000391:Air Microbiology; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020562:Betaproteobacteria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018441:Biofilms; D005374:Filtration / Q000379:methods; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006799:Housing, Animal; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D000641:Ammonia