title: Programmed death ligand 1 is over-expressed by neutrophils in the blood of patients with active tuberculosis.
abstract: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains one of the world's largest infectious disease problems. Despite decades of intensive study, the immune response to Mtb is incompletely characterised, reflecting the extremely complex interaction between pathogen and host. Pathways that may alter the balance between host protection and pathogenesis are therefore of great interest. One pathway shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic infections, including TB, is the programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway. We show here that the expression of the programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which interacts with PD-1, is increased in whole blood from active TB patients compared with whole blood from healthy controls or Mtb-exposed individuals, and that expression by neutrophils is largely responsible for this increase.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunoregulation, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK.
authors.forename: Finlay W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: McNab
authors.forename: Matthew P R
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Susannah A A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.forename: Tolu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oni
authors.forename: Katalin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: Onn M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Kon
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Banchereau
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chaussabel
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: O'Garra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor