title: Subacute effect of cigarette smoke exposure in rats: protection by pot marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) extract.
abstract: This study was carried out to determine the preventive effect of Calendula officinalis L. (pot marigold) on rats exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). Rats were divided into three groups as control, CS and CS + pot marigold (PM). The rats in the CS and CS + PM groups were subjected to CS for 1 h twice a day for 23 days. PM (100 mg/kg body weight) was given to rats in the CS + PM group by gavage, 1 h before each administration period. While malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl contents and reduced glutathione level of the CS group increased, their levels diminished by PM administration. In addition, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase activities and β-carotene, vitamins A and C levels decreased in the CS group compared to control, however activities of these enzymes and concentration of vitamins were elevated by PM supplementation. This investigation showed that administration of PM supplied relative protection against subacute CS-induced cell injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozkol
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tülüce
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koyuncu
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020838:Calendula / Q000737:chemistry*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059551:Toxicity Tests, Subacute
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase