title: Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism with high-altitude pulmonary oedema: a meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) is a non-cardiogenic hydrostatic oedema involving a genetic component. Considering the low incidence of HAPE, sample sizes in current reports are relatively limited. We aimed to assess the association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) I/D polymorphism and HAPE via a meta-analysis of published and unpublished data.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched PubMed, CBM, CNKI, and Cochrane Library Database before 20 November 2010. A random-effects model was applied (STATA) and study quality was assessed in duplicate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of five studies including 305 cases and 662 controls were meta-analysed. The summary odds ratio (OR) indicated that no significant differences in risk of developing HAPE were found between carriers of ACE D and I alleles (OR = 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98-1.48; p = 0.084). Lack of association persisted for genotypes under the recessive mode. However, genotype association under the dominant mode showed D allele carriers significantly conferred a 1.55-fold increased HAPE risk compared with II genotype carriers (95% CI, 1.15-2.08; p = 0.004). Funnel plot and Egger's test suggested no evidence of publication bias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results supported the notion that ACE D allele carriers were at significant increased risk of developing HAPE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Capital Medical University Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung & Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Jiayi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Tongchun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wenyu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Changchun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000531:Altitude; D000532:Altitude Sickness / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D054643:INDEL Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017594:Publication Bias
chemical_list: C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A