title: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of polysaccharides from Lobophora variegata on zymosan-induced arthritis in rats.
abstract: This study analyzes the action of sulfated polysaccharides, fucans, from algae Lobophora variegata on zymosan-induced arthritis in rats. Groups of fucans, obtained after acetone fractionation (0.3-2.0 volumes), were denominated F0.3, F0.5, F0.8, F1, F1.5, and F2. The results that F1 contained a high yield in relation to other fractionated fucans. Chemical and structure analysis of F1 was performed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopies. The in vitro antioxidant activities of the fraction F1 were also observed. Thus, 2 mg/mL of F1 inhibited the phosphomolybdate in the total antioxidant activity assay. The EC(50) values were 0.3 mg/mL and 0.12 mg/mL for superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, respectively. Fucan F1 (25, 50, and 75 mg/kg by body weight), diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg), and L-NAME (25 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) in rats, according to body weight of different groups of animals (n=6). After 6 h, analyses of cell influx and nitrite levels were conducted. Then after 96 h, analysis of edema and concentration of serum TNF-α was carried out along with histopathological analysis. F1 at 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg i.p. by body weight reduced cell influx in 52.1-96.7% and nitric oxide level in 27.2-39% compared with the control group. The reduction of edema and serum TNF-α was observed at 50 mg/kg i.p. (p<0.001). These results suggest that this heterofucan from the brown algae L. variegata has potential anti-inflammatory activity in acute zymosan-induced arthritis in rats and that antioxidant activity promotes modulation in the cellular redox state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Almino Afonso de O
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Allisson J G
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Marília S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: Luiza Sheyla E P
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Will
authors.forename: Nednaldo D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Renata M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Caroline A C
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Francisco Airton
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Edda Lisboa
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Leite
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000494:pharmacology; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000737:chemistry; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D015054:Zymosan / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D009573:Nitrites; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013481:Superoxides; D004008:Diclofenac; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D008982:Molybdenum; D015054:Zymosan; C003125:phosphomolybdic acid; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester