title: Real-time and non-invasive optical imaging of tumor-targeting glycol chitosan nanoparticles in various tumor models.
abstract: Recently, various nanoparticle systems have been developed for tumor-targeted delivery of imaging agents or drugs. However, large amount of them still have insufficient tumor accumulation and this limits their further clinical applications. Moreover, the in vivo characteristics of nanoparticles have been largely unknown, because there are few proper technologies to achieve the direct and non-invasive characterization of nanoparticles in live animals. In this paper, we determined the key factors of nanoparticles for in vivo tumor-targeting using our glycol chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) which have proved their tumor-targeting ability in many previous papers. For this study, CNPs were labeled with near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) dye, Cy5.5 for in vivo analysis by non-invasive optical imaging techniques. With these Cy5.5-CNPs, the factors such as in vitro/in vivo stability, deformability, and rapid uptake into target tumor cells and their effects on in vivo tumor-targeting were evaluated in various tumor-bearing mice models. In flank tumor models, Cy5.5-CNPs were selectively localized in tumor tissue than other organs, and the real-time intravascular tracking of CNPs proved the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect of nanoparticles in tumor vasculature. Importantly, tumor-targeting CNPs showed an excellent tumor-specificity in brain tumors, liver tumors, and metastasis tumor models, indicating their great potential in both cancer imaging and therapy.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Heebeom
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Sangmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyung Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Kyeongsoon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Heon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Seung Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ick Chan
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Seo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Kwangmeyung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: C098793:CY5.5 cyanine dye; D002232:Carbocyanines; C118638:glycol-chitosan; D048271:Chitosan