title: Comparative study of lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants from in vivo and in vitro grown Coriandrum sativum.
abstract: Coriander is commonly used for medicinal purposes, food applications, cosmetics and perfumes. Herein, the production of antioxidants in vegetative parts (leaves and stems) of in vivo and in vitro grown samples was compared. In vitro samples were clone A- with notorious purple pigmentation in stems and leaves and clone B- green. Seeds were also studied as they are used to obtain in vivo and in vitro vegetative parts. Lipophilic (tocopherols, carotenoids and chlorophylls) and hydrophilic (sugars, ascorbic acid, phenolics, flavonols and anthocyanins) compounds were quantified. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by radical scavenging activity, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition. The in vivo sample showed the highest antioxidant activity mainly due to its highest levels of hydrophilic compounds. Otherwise, in vitro samples, mainly clone A, gave the highest concentration in lipophilic compounds but a different profile when compared to the in vivo sample. Clones A and B revealed a lack of β-carotene, β- and δ-tocopherols, a decrease in α-tocopherol, and an increase in γ-tocopherol and clorophylls in comparison to the in vivo sample. In vitro culture might be useful to explore the plants potentialities for industrial applications, controlling environmental conditions to produce higher amounts of some bioactive products.
authors.affiliation: Mountain Research Centre, CIMO-ESA, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-854, Bragança, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria Inês
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: Isabel C F R
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D028526:Coriandrum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000032:analysis; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000032:analysis; D024503:beta-Tocopherol / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D002241:Carbohydrates; D019207:beta Carotene; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002338:Carotenoids; D024503:beta-Tocopherol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D024505:Tocopherols