title: Intensive mobility training postcerebral hemispherectomy: early surgery shows best functional improvements.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited research exists on rehabilitative techniques focused on reducing disabilities after cerebral hemispherectomy despite persistent hemiparesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy of Intensive Mobility Training (IMT) for improving gait, balance and mobility was evaluated in patients after cerebral hemispherectomy and compared with clinical variables for signs of developmental neuroplasticity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (N.=19; 13.8±5.7 years) postcerebral hemispherectomy received IMT, three hours/day for 10 days. Outcomes measures were assessed pre- and post-intervention using the GAITRite electronic walkway® (velocity, toe in/out, step length of affected an unaffected leg), Dynamic Gait Index, Fugl-Meyer Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go and Six-Minute Walk Test. Six of the nine measures that showed moderate effect sizes were incorporated into a Combined Functional Index (CFI) to assess global impact of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After IMT, improvements were identified for toe in/out, step length of unaffected leg, Dynamic Gait Index, Berg Balance Scale and Six-Minute Walk (P<0.05; Effect Size 0.36-0.50). Using CFI for these six measures, patients improved from 77.3% to 82.7% (+5.3±3.7%) of normal following IMT. Improvements in CFI were greater in patients five years or younger at time of surgery (+7.7±3.6%) compared with older patients (+3.2±2.5%), and this accounted for 22% of variability in the change in score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The younger the participant at time of surgery correlated with the greatest improvements following IMT. These findings support the concept that the remaining hemisphere retains greater neuroplasticity if the contralateral surgery occurs earlier in cerebral development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science Physical Therapy Program, Blanchard Machinery Company Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Arnold Public Health University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA. sfritz@mailbox.sc.edu
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Rivers
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Merlo
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Mathern
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Bode
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D038421:Hemispherectomy / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult