title: Movement disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Apart from tremor and restless-legs syndrome, abnormal involuntary movements are uncommon in patients with multiple sclerosis. A review of the literature in multiple sclerosis reveals case reports of a variety of other movement disorders such as myoclonus, spasmodic torticollis, paroxysmal dystonia, chorea, ballism, and parkinsonism. This chapter presents a thorough review of these movement disorders in multiple sclerosis patients and provides readers with potential underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
authors.forename: Natalya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shneyder
authors.forename: Meghan K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minagar
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*