title: Clinical data and CT findings of pulmonary infection caused by different pathogens after kidney transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The overall objective was to review clinical data and CT findings of pulmonary infection caused by different pathogens after kidney transplantation in an attempt to help early clinical qualitative diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  446 cases of clinically confirmed pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation in recent 10 years were evaluated with respect to the time of occurrence and 89 cases with complete CT data and pathogenic diagnosis were further analyzed for pathogen types and CT manifestations. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pulmonary infection reached the peak in 3 months after transplantation. Bacterial infection and mixed infection were predominant between 1 and 6 months. And most tuberculosis occurred after one year. Bacterial (38.2%) and mixed infections (38.2%) were the common types. The next was fungal infection, tuberculosis and viral infection (10.1%, 7.9% and 5.6%, respectively). CT manifestations of pulmonary infections after kidney transplantation were diverse and complex, lacking characteristic signs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than 3/4 of pulmonary infections after kidney transplantation can be attributed to bacteria and mixed pathogens. The combination of time course, clinical data and CT manifestations plays an important role in the early clinical qualitative diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, ChangZheng Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai 200003, China. laijiangtaotao@163.com
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Xiangsheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Shiyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D060085:Coinfection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*