title: Membrane-rich milk fat diet provides protection against gastrointestinal leakiness in mice treated with lipopolysaccharide.
abstract: Milk fat globule membrane is a protein-lipid complex that may strengthen the gut barrier. The main objective of this study was to assess the ability of a membrane-rich milk fat diet to promote the integrity of the gut barrier and to decrease systemic inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice. Animals were randomly assigned to one of 2 American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-76A formulations differing only in fat source: control diet (corn oil) and milk fat diet (anhydrous milk fat with 10% milk fat globule membrane). Each diet contained 12% calories from fat. Mice were fed diets for 5 wk, then injected with vehicle or LPS (10mg/kg of BW) and gavaged with dextran-fluorescein to assess gut barrier integrity. Serum was assayed for fluorescence 24h after gavage, and 16 serum cytokines were measured to assess the inflammatory response. Gut permeability was 1.8-fold higher in LPS-challenged mice fed the control diet compared with the milk fat diet. Furthermore, mice fed the milk fat diet and injected with LPS had lower serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-3 compared with LPS-injected mice fed the control diet. The results indicate that the membrane-rich milk fat diet decreases the inflammatory response to a systemic LPS challenge compared with corn oil, and the effect coincides with decreased gut permeability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan 84322, USA.
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Snow
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Flores
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hintze
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D066292:Lipid Droplets; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006017:Glycolipids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C110367:milk fat globule; D003314:Corn Oil