title: Electric shock ear torture: a rare cause of tympanic membrane perforation and mixed hearing loss.
abstract: Summary of case report findings: Picana (electric shock torture) is a globally used form of torture. This is the first documented case of picana applied to the tympanic membrane. Two other types of ear torture have been documented, including picana of the helix and telefono. Several types of head and neck torture are applied globally.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.
authors.forename: Brittany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: David W J
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000293:injuries*; D004556:Electric Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D046089:Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014104:Torture; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery