title: The management of non-invasive bladder tumours with Doxorubicin intravesical instillation after transurethral resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of the intravesical instillation of doxorubicin for its effect on disease recurrence for patients with non-invasive bladder tumour.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed at Al Assad University Hospital in Lattakia, Syria and included patients with non-invasive bladder tumours who were managed with transurethral resection and induction and maintenance therapy with intravesical doxorubicin. They were followed up by cystoscopy every 3 months for 2 years and every 6 months thereafter with special emphasis on recurrence rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 85 patients with non-invasive bladder tumours: 23 with non-invasive papillary carcinoma (Stage Ta), 62 with tumour invading subepithelial connective tissue (Stage T1). Twelve patients had well differentiated tumours (Grade 1), 48 had moderately differentiated (Grade 2), 25 had poorly differentiated (Grade 3) tumours. The total recurrence rate was 23%. The rates of recurrence were 56% in Grade 3 and 0% in Grade 1. The recurrence rate was 41% in patients with large tumours versus 17% in those with small tumours; 44% in those with multiple tumours compared to 18% in those with solitary tumours; 30% of Stage Ta tumours recurred and 21% of Stage T1 tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In short term follow-up, our rate of recurrence was 23%. Adjuvant intravesical doxorubicin was shown to reduce the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer. Tumour grade, size and number were shown to be prognostic factors for recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Al Assad University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.
authors.forename: Musa I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Al-Gallab
authors.forename: Louai A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Naddaf
authors.forename: Mohamad R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kanan