title: Atopic dermatitis.
abstract: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disease with recurring episodes of itching and a chronic relapsing course. The prevalence of AD has increased exponentially over the years, along with information on how it may occur. Diagnosis of AD is typically based on physical examination and history and may be confirmed based on chronicity of symptoms, itching, and age-specific morphology. Nonpharmacological approaches include psychological interventions such as behavior modification, stress reduction techniques, and group psychotherapeutic treatments or may also include dietary restrictions, ultraviolet (UV) phototherapy, house dust mite reduction, and avoidance of enzyme-enriched detergents. Herbal therapy has also showed some promise particularly Zemaphyte®, Kamillosan®, and Shiunko®. Pharmacological agents that show great efficacy include emollients, topical corticosteroids, and topical calcineurin inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Florida A&M University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tallahassee, FL, USA. patty.ghazvini@famu.edu
authors.forename: Patty
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghazvini
authors.forename: Luis C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Pagan
authors.forename: Toby K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Rutledge
authors.forename: H Stewart
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D001688:Biological Products / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004643:Emollients / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D011537:Pruritus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D004643:Emollients