title: The combined effects of ginkgo biloba extracts and aspirin on viability of sk-N-mc, neuroblastoma cell line in hypoxia and reperfusion condition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the combined effects of ginkgo biloba extract, ginkgolide A and B and aspirin on SK-N-MC, human neuroblastoma cell viability and mRNA expression of growth associated protein43 (GAP43), Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), B-cell lymphoma2 (Bcl2) and protein53 (p53) gene in hypoxia and reperfusion condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  SK-N-MC cells were cultured with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) media in 37℃, 5% CO(2) incubator. The cells were cultured for 8 hours in non-glucose media and hypoxic condition and for 12 hours in normal media and O(2) concentration. Cell survival rate was measured with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) reagent assay. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to estimate mRNA levels of GAP43, MAP2, Bcl2, and p53 genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ginkgolide A and B increased viable cell number decreased in hypoxic and reperfused condition. The co-treatment of ginkgolide B with aspirin also increased the number of viable cells, however, there was no additive effect. Although there was no increase of mRNA expression of GAP43, MAP2, and Bcl2 in SK-N-MC cells with individual treatment of ginkgolide A, B or aspirin in hypoxic and reperfused condition, the co-treatment of ginkgolide A or B with aspirin significantly increased GAP43 and Bcl2 mRNA levels. In MAP2, only the co-treatment of ginkgolide A and aspirin showed increasing effect. The mRNA expression of p53 had no change in all treating conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that the combined treatments of Ginkgo biloba extracts and aspirin increase the regeneration of neuroblastoma cells injured by hypoxia and reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Yong-Jik
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soo Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kwan-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Jung-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim