title: Does postprandial itopride intake affect the rate of gastric emptying? A crossover study using the continuous real time 13C breath test (BreathID system).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether oral Itopride hydrochloride (itopride) intake might have any effect on the rate of gastric emptying, using a novel non-invasive technique for measuring the rate of gastric emptying, namely, the continuous real time 13C breath test (BreathID system: Exalenz Bioscience Ltd., Israel).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy male volunteers participated in this randomized, two-way crossover study. The subjects fasted overnight and were randomly assigned to receive 50mg itopride following a test meal (200 kcal per 200mL, containing 100mg 13C acetate), or the test meal alone. Under both conditions, gastric emptying was monitored for 4 hours after administration of the test meal by the 13C-acetic acid breath test performed continually using the BreathID system. Using Oridion Research Software (beta version), the time required for emptying of 50% of the labeled meal (T 1/2), the analog to the scintigraphy lag time for 10% emptying of the labeled meal (T lag), the gastric emptying coefficient (GEC), and the regression-estimated constants (beta and kappa) were calculated. The parameters measured under the two conditions were compared using the Wilcoxon's signed-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in the calculated parameters, namely, the T 1/2, T lag, GEC, beta or kappa, were observed between the two test conditions, namely, administration of a test meal+itopride and administration of the test meal alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study revealed that postprandial itopride intake had no significant influence on the rate of gastric emptying. Recently, several studies have shown that itopride may be effective in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia. Our results suggest that the efficacy of itopride in patients with functional dyspepsia may be based on its effect of improving functions other than the rate of gastric emptying, such as the activities at neuronal sites, brain-gut correlation, visceral hypersensitivity, gastric accommodation and distension-induced adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Division, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Takaomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kessoku
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: Tadahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiba
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sahaguchi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Atsukawa
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekino
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hosono
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Yasunari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tokoro
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inamori
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001593:Benzyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012984:Software; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; C102254:itopride; D019342:Acetic Acid