title: Relationship between saturated fatty acids and periodontal disease.
abstract: Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) produce an inflammatory response. Hyperinflammation is now recognized as one of the key underlying etiologic factors in periodontal disease. The longitudinal relationship between dietary SFAs and periodontal disease in 264 Japanese individuals, aged 75 years, for whom data were available for the years 2003-2004, was investigated. SFA intake was assessed with a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. Participants were classified by quartiles of SFA intake. Full-mouth periodontal status, measured as the clinical attachment level (CAL), was recorded at baseline and follow-up examinations. The number of teeth with a loss of CAL≥3 mm at any site over a year was calculated as 'periodontal disease events'. Poisson regression analysis was conducted, with dietary SFAs as the primary predictor of interest, to estimate their influence on periodontal disease events. High dietary SFA intake was significantly associated with a greater number of periodontal disease events among non-smokers. The multivariate adjusted relative risk (95% confidence intervals) in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartiles of dietary SFAs was 1.00, 1.19 (0.72-1.97), 1.55 (0.95-2.52), and 1.92 (1.19-3.11), respectively. These findings suggest an independent association of dietary SFA intake to the progression of periodontal disease in older Japanese non-smokers.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  saturated fatty acid (SFA); clinical attachment level (CAL); Toll-like receptor (TLR); lipopolysaccharide (LPS); brief self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ); decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT); clinical attachment level (CAL); body mass index (BMI); relative risk (RR); confidence intervals (CI); nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB).
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan. masanori@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Manz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moynihan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004245:DMF Index; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living; D007564:Japan; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000209:etiology*; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids