title: Risk factor evaluation for cataract development in patients with low vaulting after phakic intraocular lens implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the occurrence of cataract in eyes with low vaulting after phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) implantation for myopia and suggest guidelines for such cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eyes with low Implantable Collamer Lens pIOL vaulting (<250 μm) were followed 1, 3, and 6 months as well as 1, 2, 3, and 4 years postoperatively. Frequency and time to cataract development were evaluated. Risk factors for cataract development were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Cutoff values for differentiating eyes at higher risk for cataract development were evaluated using Fisher exact and chi-square tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cataract developed in 8 (30.8%) of 26 eyes (6 of 20 patients) a mean of 18.7 months ± 10.1 (SD) postoperatively. Risk factors that were significant for cataract formation included lower vaulting (mean 42.4 ± 34.0 μm versus 141.4 ± 82.2 μm; odds ratio [OR], 1.05), older age (mean 42.6 ± 7.3 versus 34.9 ± 6.9 years; OR, 1.22), and higher preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) (mean -17.1 ± 4.4 diopters [D] versus -10.7 ± 2.7 D; OR, 1.64). The optimum cutoff values were 51.7 μm, 45 years, and -14.00 D (P=.0095, P=.0367, and P=.0342 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cases of low pIOL vaulting, close follow-up should be considered when central vaulting is less than 52 μm, patient age is more than 45 years, or the preoperative SE is greater than -14.00 D because these factors increase the risk for cataract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Maeng
authors.forename: Tae-Young
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Doon-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eui-Sang
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054120:Phakic Intraocular Lenses; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult