title: Dose-dependent effect of histamine on liver function markers in immunized rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to delineate the hepatotoxicological roles of histamine dose-dependently in immunized rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cohort comprised of three groups (II, III and IV), containing 18 rabbits each, and received subcutaneous histamine 50 μg/kg, 100 μg/kg and 200 μg/kg, respectively for 10 days (b.i.d., starting from 3 days prior to immunization until 7 days after immunization). Group I (control, n=18) received subcutaneous sterile distilled water for 10 days. They were subsequently immunized at day 3 with intravenous injection of SRBC (1×10(9) cells/ml). Blood samples were collected on pre-immunization (pre-I) day 0, as well as on days 7-, 14-, 21-, 28- and 58-post-immunization (post-I). Biochemical parameters aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin [total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB) and indirect bilirubin (IB)] were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups II and IV revealed a significant decrease (on day 0-pre-I) and a significant increase (on days 7-, 14-, 21-, 28- and 58-post-I) in ALT and AST levels, when compared with the corresponding values of groups I and III while group II showed a significant increase in ALT and AST levels as compared to group IV. ALP levels in groups II, III and IV showed a significant enhancement when compared with group I. Moreover, results of TB, DB and IB demonstrated increased levels in group III when compared with groups I, II and IV. The results were found statistically significant (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term treatment of histamine produces dose-dependent differential patterns of hepatic dysfunctions suggestive mild liver degeneration warranting further long-term studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP 202 002, India. tripathiamu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Trivendra
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shahid
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.forename: Haris M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Rahat Ali
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Abbas Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.forename: Mashiatullah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: Abida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Aijaz Ahmed
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D006632:Histamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity*; D017442:Histamine Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity*; D007114:Immunization; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017442:Histamine Agonists; D006632:Histamine