title: Impact of ultrasound-assisted extraction on quality and photostability of the Pothomorphe umbellata extracts.
abstract: Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miq. is a Brazilian shrub with therapeutic and economic applications. There are some reports on the technological development of P. umbellata preparations; however, there are no studies on the influence of non-conventional extraction procedures on the quality of P. umbellata extracts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UE) parameters upon the extraction yield (EY%) of 4-nerolidylcatechol (4-NC) and the antioxidant activity of P. umbellata extracts using a factorial design and response surface methodology. Extracts obtained by UE and percolation were compared, and the photostability of 4-NC was evaluated via the exposure of UVA and visible light to the samples. The most influential variables observed for the UE were the ethanol-to-water and drug-to-solvent ratios. UE improved the extraction kinetics of 4-NC from plant material and improved the antioxidant activity of the extracts. Some of the ultrasound extracts showed an antioxidant activity that was not proportional to their 4-NC concentration, which suggests the presence of other active antioxidant compounds in these P. umbellata extracts. There was no significant difference in the photostability of 4-NC between the percolated and ultrasound extracts. Surprisingly, the isolated 4-NC material was significantly more stable when exposed to UVA-visible light compared to 4-NC in the plant extracts.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda Steger de Oliveira
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: César Aparício
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Araújo Júnior
authors.forename: Emmanuelle de Jesus
authors.initials: Ede J
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Maria Teresa Freitas
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bara
authors.forename: Eliana Martins
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Marize Campos
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Valadares
authors.forename: Ricardo Neves
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Marreto
mesh_terms: D008027:Light; D026321:Piperaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013010:Sonication / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts