title: Postnatal developmental trajectories of neural circuits in the primate prefrontal cortex: identifying sensitive periods for vulnerability to schizophrenia.
abstract: Schizophrenia is a disorder of cognitive neurodevelopment with characteristic abnormalities in working memory attributed, at least in part, to alterations in the circuitry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Various environmental exposures from conception through adolescence increase risk for the illness, possibly by altering the developmental trajectories of prefrontal cortical circuits. Macaque monkeys provide an excellent model system for studying the maturation of prefrontal cortical circuits. Here, we review the development of glutamatergic and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic circuits in macaque monkey prefrontal cortex and discuss how these trajectories may help to identify sensitive periods during which environmental exposures, such as those associated with increased risk for schizophrenia, might lead to the types of abnormalities in prefrontal cortical function present in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Gil D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hoftman
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development; D017668:Age of Onset; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008251:Macaca; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid