title: Clinical management of aplastic anemia.
abstract: Acquired aplastic anemia is a potentially fatal bone marrow failure disorder that is characterized by pancytopenia and a hypocellular bone marrow. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation or bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the treatment of choice for young patients who have a matched sibling donor. Immunosuppression with either anti-thymocyte globulin and cyclosporine or high-dose cyclophosphamide is an effective therapy for patients who are not suitable BMT candidates owing to age or lack of a suitable donor. Results of BMT from unrelated and mismatched donors are improving, but presently this treatment option is best reserved for those patients who do not respond, relapse or develop secondary clonal disorders following immunosuppressive therapy. Efforts are currently underway to both improve immunosuppressive regimens and to expand the application of BMT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Dezern
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Brodsky
mesh_terms: D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D003520:Cyclophosphamide