title: Carotenoid accumulation and characterization of cDNAs encoding phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase in garlic (Allium sativum).
abstract: Phytoene synthase (PSY) and phytoene desaturase (PDS), which catalyze the first and second steps of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, respectively, are key enzymes for the accumulation of carotenoids in many plants. We isolated 2 partial cDNAs encoding PSY (AsPSY-1 and AsPSY-2) and a partial cDNA encoding PDS (AsPDS) from Allium sativum. They shared high sequence identity and conserved motifs with other orthologous genes. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was used to determine the expression levels of AsPSY1, AsPSY2, and AsPDS in the bulbils, scapes, leaves, stems, bulbs, and roots of garlic. High-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated that carotenoids were not biosynthesized in the underground organs (roots and bulbs), but were very abundant in the photosynthetic organs (leaves) of A. sativum. A significantly higher amount of β-carotene (73.44 μg·g(-1)) was detected in the leaves of A. sativum than in the other organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Pham Anh
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tuan
authors.forename: Jae Kwang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Haeng Hoon
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sook Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam Il
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang Un
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000032:analysis*; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D051232:Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000201:enzymology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000201:enzymology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018744:DNA, Plant; D002338:Carotenoids; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C022398:phytoene dehydrogenase; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; D051232:Geranylgeranyl-Diphosphate Geranylgeranyltransferase