title: Prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance and risk factors in urban and rural Malaysia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among rural and urban Malaysians.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3,879 Malaysian adults (1,335 men and 2,544 women). All subjects underwent the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of prediabetes was 22.1% (30.2% in men and 69.8% in women). Isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were found in 3.4 and 16.1% of the study population, respectively, whereas 2.6% of the subjects had both IFG and IGT. Based on an OGTT, the prevalence of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes was 12.6% (31.0% in men and 69.0% in women). The prediabetic subjects also had an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The large proportion of undiagnosed cases of prediabetes and diabetes reflects the lack of public awareness of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. norlaila@ppukm.ukm.my
authors.forename: Norlaila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: Nor Azmi
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Kamarudin
authors.forename: Ab Aziz
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Amir Sharifuddin
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Khir
authors.forename: Ikram Shah
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Kamarul Imran
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.forename: Khalid Abdul
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kadir
authors.forename: Nor Azwany
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Yaacob
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Siti Harnida Md
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Isa
authors.forename: Wan Mohamad
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Wan Bebakar
authors.forename: Wan Nazaimoon
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: wan Mohamud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose