title: Rosmarinic acid attenuates 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice.
abstract: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin diseases, and its incidence is increasing in industrialized countries. Furthermore, the epicutaneous application of a hapten, such as 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), evokes an AD-like lesion in NC/Nga mice under specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a secondary metabolite that is frequently found in herbs, and has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-microbial effects. In this study, we studied whether RA is an effective treatment against DNFB-induced AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. RA at 1 or 5 μM was found to suppress the productions of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 significantly by activated CD4(+) T cells. Furthermore, an intraperitoneal injection of RA at 10 or 50 mg/kg significantly inhibited skin lesion development and ear thickness and total serum IgE level increases in DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice. In addition, intraperitoneal administered RA at 10 or 50 mg/kg significantly inhibited the infiltrations of CD4(+) T, CD8(+) T, and mast cells into DNFB-induced skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. This study suggests that RA suppresses the development of AD-like dermatitis in DNFB-treated NC/Nga mice by reducing IFN-γ and IL-4 production by activated T cells and total serum IgE levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology (BK21), School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: An-Hee
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Tae-Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Gun-Dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ha Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yong Seek
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Cheung-Seog
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053630:Depsides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006241:Haptens / Q000494:pharmacology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene; D006241:Haptens; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015847:Interleukin-4; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid