title: Hydrogen-rich saline is cerebroprotective in a rat model of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.
abstract: Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) has been widely used in the operations involving the aortic arch and brain aneurysm since 1950s; but prolonged DHCA contributes significantly to neurological deficit which remains a major cause of postoperative morbidity and mortality. It has been reported that hydrogen exerts a therapeutic antioxidant activity by selectively reducing hydroxyl radical. In this study, DHCA treated rats developed a significant oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and apoptosis. The administration of HRS resulted in a significant decrease in the brain injury, together with lower production of IL-1β, TNF-α, 8-OHdG and MDA as well as decreased activity of NOS while increased activity of SOD. The apoptotic index as well as the expressions of caspase-3 in brain tissue was significantly decreased after treatment. HRS administration significantly attenuated the severity of DHCA induced brain injury by mechanisms involving amelioration of oxidative stress, down-regulation of inflammatory factors and reduction of apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chunzhang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Changtian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Haiwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jing
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D050792:Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006859:Hydrogen; D053148:Caspase 3