title: Vitamin E and enzymatic/oxidative stress-driven oxysterols in amnestic mild cognitive impairment subtypes and Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Oxidative stress,which contributes to neuronal damage, is thought to be a pathophysiologicalmechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Markers of oxidative stress may appear early in the preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) phase of AD.We investigated the interaction among enzymatic-derived oxysterols (24S-hydroxycholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol), markers of oxidative stress, including free radical-related oxysterols (7 hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol), and vitamin E in AD patients and two amnestic MCI subtypes, amnestic single-domain MCI (a-MCI) subjects, and multidomain MCI (md-MCI) subjects, compared to healthy control subjects (HC). The study included 37 patients with AD, 24 with a-MCI, 29 with md-MCI, and 24 HC. Plasma assessments were made using isotope dilution-mass spectrometry. Although we found no significant change in free radical- or enzymatic-derived oxysterol concentrations in AD or MCI patients, vitamin E levels corrected for cholesterol were reduced in AD patients compared to HC. Results suggest that AD patients have upregulated cerebral oxidative stress or a nutritional deficit of vitamin E. The oxysterols investigated here are not useful markers for diagnosing AD or MCI.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Iuliano
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monticolo
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Straface
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Spoletini
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gianni
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caltagirone
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bossù
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spalletta
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D000647:Amnesia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006888:Hydroxycholesterols / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006888:Hydroxycholesterols; D014810:Vitamin E; C076996:27-hydroxycholesterol