title: Influence of depressive symptoms, state anxiety, and pure-tone thresholds on the tinnitus handicap inventory in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess factors that contribute to Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) scores in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series with chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and eighty-five tinnitus patients at tertiary referral center, who completed the Japanese version of the THI, the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multiple regression analysis, the SDS score contributed the most to the THI score. The state section of the STAI score and pure tone average (PTA) at four high frequencies also contributed significantly, but to lesser degrees. The other following factors were not statistically significant: age, gender, time from the onset of tinnitus to the first clinical visit, PTA at three mid frequencies, and trait section of the STAI score. This model may account for approximately 45% of THI score variability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The THI scores may be influenced by depressive symptoms, state anxiety, and pure tone thresholds in Japan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. o-ishi@mub.biglobe.ne.jp
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinden
authors.forename: Sho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanzaki
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult