title: Human cytomegalovirus infection and clinical status of infants born to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected mothers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the most common congenital infections worldwide and a frequent opportunistic infection that aggravates the condition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and factors influencing HCMV infection among infants of HIV-positive women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 35 infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers examined for congenital infections. Children were evaluated for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HCMV, and HCV infection by serological and molecular methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HIV-1 infection was found in one child whose mother did not receive antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy, and HCV infection in another infant. HCMV-DNA in the urine was present in 13/35 infants (37.14%) on the 10th day and 24/35 infants (68.57%) in the 4th week of life. The majority of HCMV-infected infants were asymptomatic, although they manifested microcephaly and low birth weight significantly more frequently (p = 0.006 and p = 0.02, respectively). Type HIV prophylaxis did not influence HCMV transmission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although often asymptomatic, HCMV infection in infants born to HIV-infected mothers is frequent and may be associated with prematurity, low birth weight, and microcephaly. Diagnostic procedures in children of HIV-infected mothers should involve HCMV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Child Neurology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland. mania@mp.pl
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mania
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kemnitz
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mazur-Melewska
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Figlerowicz
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cudnoch
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Służewski
authors.forename: Arleta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kowala-Piaskowska
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mozer-Lisewska
mesh_terms: D060085:Coinfection; D015897:Comorbidity; D003587:Cytomegalovirus; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000151:congenital* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000151:congenital* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy