title: Adiponectin and cardiovascular risk profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: parameters associated with adiponectin complex distribution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Plasma levels of the adipokine adiponectin are accepted as excellent correlates to metabolic health. Here, we aim to characterise associations between circulating plasma adiponectin complexes and baseline parameters in a population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured levels of high molecular weight (HMW), low molecular weight (LMW) and trimeric adiponectin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population comprised 53 subjects, mean age 57 years, 36% non-white and 44% women, with an average body mass index (BMI) of 34 and duration of DM of 8.5 years. There was an established history of cardiovascular disease in 36% of the patients. BMI was inversely associated with the proportion of HMW adiponectin compared with LMW and trimeric adiponectin. Longer duration of DM correlated with an increased proportion of trimeric adiponectin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with elevated BMI, longer history of diabetes and cardiovascular disease have lower levels of the higher order adiponectin complex. In addition, we have measured for the first time levels of trimeric adiponectin in a diabetic population using high resolution fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) analysis and identified trimeric adiponectin as a promising new biomarker for cardiovascular disease with a stronger correlative relationship to cardiovascular disease than HMW adiponectin.
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: M Odette
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: Colby R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ayers
authors.lastname: Xinyu Wu
authors.forename: Darren K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Philipp E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Scherer
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013781:Texas
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers