title: Endoscopic treatment of esthesioneuroblastoma.
abstract: Esthesioneuroblastoma is an uncommon malignant tumor of the nasal vault. Treatment consists of craniofacial resection. As endoscopic techniques have advanced, this approach has been recommended to avoid morbidity and to reduce costs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate outcomes in patients with esthesioneuroblastoma treated by an endoscopic technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study of patients diagnosed with esthesioneuroblatoma and treated by an endoscopic technique. The literature over the past 20 years was reviewed for an update on the pathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present 4 patients, 3 males and 1 female, staged according to Kadish and Dulguerov. All were treated surgically with endoscopic techniques, followed by radiotherapy. One patient was also submitted to neck dissection and chemotherapy because of regional metastasis. There were no significant postoperative complications. The mean hospital stay was 3 days; one patient stayed in the ICU for 24 hours after surgery. Follow-up is recent; so far there are no recurrences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esthesioneuroblastoma is a potentially curable malignancy. Endoscopic techniques help reduce hospital costs and decrease the morbidity. Adequate margins of healthy tissue are obtained with endoscopic resection, as with craniofacial resection. The literature suggests that outcomes after endoscopic resection are similar to those of the conventional external approach.
authors.affiliation: Residente em Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Felício Rocho. edumrm@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Eduardo Machado Rossi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Marcelo Guerra
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Emerson Rodrigo
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Caroline Valverde
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Aurélia Silva E
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.forename: Ana Paula de Aquino Ferreira
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Mauro Becker Martins
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Vieira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome