title: Development of fluorapatite cement for dental enamel defects repair.
abstract: In order to restore the badly carious lesion of human dental enamel, a crystalline paste of fluoride substituted apatite cement was synthesized by using the mixture of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) and ammonium fluoride. The apatite cement paste could be directly filled into the enamel defects (cavities) to repair damaged dental enamel. The results indicated that the hardened cement was fluorapatite [Ca(10)(PO(4))(6)F(2), FA] with calcium to phosphorus atom molar ratio (Ca/P) of 1.67 and Ca/F ratio of 5. The solubility of FA cement in Tris-HCl solution (pH = 5) was slightly lower than the natural enamel, indicating the FA cement was much insensitive to the weakly acidic solutions. The FA cement was tightly combined with the enamel surface, and there was no obvious difference of the hardness between the FA cement and natural enamel. The extracts of FA cement caused no cytotoxicity on L929 cells, which satisfied the relevant criterion on dental biomaterials, revealing good cytocompatibility. In addition, the results showed that the FA cement had good mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, and anti-bacterial adhesion properties. The study suggested that using FA cement was simple and promising approach to effectively and conveniently restore enamel defects.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Academy for Advanced Inter-disciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Jiecheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenpeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Xiaochen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Changsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Shicheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D001031:Apatites / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000601:surgery; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000502:physiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006245:Hardness Tests; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D003738:Dental Cements; C025105:fluorapatite