title: Development of a bench-scale immersed ultrafiltration apparatus for coagulation pretreatment experiments.
abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present results of a project that focused on developing a standardized bench-scale apparatus and operating procedures for immersed ultrafiltration (UF) membrane systems to assess integrated process designs (e.g., coagulation-UF) under controlled laboratory conditions. The integrated test apparatus, termed Immersed Ultrafiltration Enhanced Coagulation (IUEC), was designed using a hollow-fiber, outside-in UF module immersed in a single compartment water preparation and filtration tank equipped with aeration mixing capabilities for coagulation and flocculation process evaluations. Bench-scale experiments were conducted with alum on a low turbidity surface water source to evaluate system performance of the integrated IUEC apparatus compared to a standard jar test unit. The experiments were evaluated by measuring the removal of natural organic matter and zeta-potential analysis from water collected from a conventional mechanically-mixed process with a manual transfer to a UF membrane system and comparing these results to the IUEC system. The results of this study demonstrated that using the single-compartment IUEC apparatus can provide water quality data that is congruent with those obtained through conventional methods that rely on use of standard jar tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Resource Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Graham A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gagnon
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005427:Flocculation; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008956:Models, Chemical; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002244:Carbon