title: Neural bases of language switching in high and early proficient bilinguals.
abstract: The left inferior frontal cortex, the caudate and the anterior cingulate have been proposed as the neural origin of language switching, but most of the studies were conducted in low proficient bilinguals. In the present study, we investigated brain areas involved in language switching in a sample of 19 early, high-proficient Spanish-Catalan bilinguals using a picture naming task that allowed contrasting switch and non-switch trials. Compared to the non-switching condition, language switching elicited greater activation in the head of the left caudate and the pre-SMA/ACC. When the direction of the switching was considered, the left caudate was more associated with forward switching and the pre-SMA/ACC with backward switching. The discussion is focused on the relevance of these brain structures in language control in early, high-proficient bilinguals, and the comparison with previous results in late bilinguals.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, Universitat Jaume I, Av Sos Baynat sn, 12071 Castelló de la Plana, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garbin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanjuan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Pujadas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Belloch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Avila
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019303:Multilingualism; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult