title: Association between moderately oxidized low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particle subclass distribution in hemodialyzed and post-renal transplant patients.
abstract: Disturbances in the metabolism of lipoprotein profiles and oxidative stress in hemodialyzed (HD) and post-renal transplant (Tx) patients are proatherogenic, but elevated concentrations of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. We investigated the concentrations of lipid, lipoprotein, HDL particle, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and anti-ox-LDL, and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in HD (n=33) and Tx (n=71) patients who were non-smokers without active inflammatory disease, liver disease, diabetes, or malignancy. HD patients had moderate hypertriglyceridemia, normocholesterolemia, low HDL-C, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and HDL particle concentrations as well as PON-1 activity, and increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels. Tx patients had hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, moderately decreased HDL-C and HDL particle concentrations and PON-1 activity, and moderately increased ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels as compared to the reference, but ox-LDL and anti-ox-LDL levels and PON-1 activity were more disturbed in HD patients. However, in both patient groups, lipid and lipoprotein ratios (total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C, HDL-C/non-HDL-C, apoA-I/apoB, HDL-C/apoA-I, TG/HDL) were atherogenic. The Spearman's rank coefficient test showed that the concentration of ox-LDL correlated positively with HDL particle level (R=0.363, P=0.004), and negatively with TC (R=-0.306, P=0.012), LDL-C (R=-0.283, P=0.020), and non-HDL-C (R=-0.263, P=0.030) levels in Tx patients. Multiple stepwise forward regression analysis in Tx patients demonstrated that ox-LDL concentration, as an independent variable, was associated significantly positively with HDL particle level. The results indicated that ox-LDL and decreased PON-1 activity in Tx patients may give rise to more mildly-oxidized HDLs, which are less stable, easily undergo metabolic remodeling, generate a greater number of smaller pre-β-HDL particles, and thus accelerate reverse cholesterol transport, which may be beneficial for Tx patients. Further studies are necessary to confirm this.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Chodźki 1, Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kimak
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hałabiś
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baranowicz-Gąszczyk
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Solski
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Książek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D020738:Leptin; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human