title: [2,4-(13)C]β-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in astrocytes and C6 glioblastoma cells.
abstract: This study was undertaken to determine if the ketogenic diet could be useful for glioblastoma patients. The hypothesis tested was whether glioblastoma cells can metabolize ketone bodies. Cerebellar astrocytes and C6 glioblastoma cells were incubated in glutamine and serum free medium containing [2,4-(13)C]β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) with and without glucose. Furthermore, C6 cells were incubated with [1-(13)C]glucose in the presence and absence of BHB. Cell extracts were analyzed by mass spectrometry and media by (1)H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and HPLC. Using [2,4-(13)C]BHB and [1-(13)C]glucose it could be shown that C6 cells, in analogy to astrocytes, had efficient mitochondrial activity, evidenced by (13)C labeling of glutamate, glutamine and aspartate. However, in the presence of glucose, astrocytes were able to produce and release glutamine, whereas this was not accomplished by the C6 cells, suggesting lack of anaplerosis in the latter. We hypothesize that glioblastoma cells kill neurons by not supplying the necessary glutamine, and by releasing glutamate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
authors.forename: Haytham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eloqayli
authors.forename: Torun M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Melø
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haukvik
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sonnewald
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D055423:Diet, Ketogenic; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007657:Ketone Bodies; D005973:Glutamine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid