title: Surgical implants and technologies for cartilage repair and preservation of the knee.
abstract: Focal lesions of the articular cartilage of the knee can be managed with a variety of products and technologies in an attempt to restore function to the afflicted joint and forestall the need for possible total knee arthroplasty. Among these approaches are non-implant-based procedures (arthroscopic chondroplasty and microfracture), grafting procedures (autografts/mosaicplasty and allografts), cell-based procedures (autologous chondrocyte implantation) and nonbiologic implants (metallic plugs and cell-free polymers). For each clinically established procedure there are also a number of investigational variations that aim to improve the in vivo quality of the regenerated/restored cartilage surface. This article analyzes existing and developing non-implant- and graft-based technologies for the repair or restoration of the articular cartilage of the knee based on a review of the published literature.
authors.affiliation: Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, 2401 West Belvedere Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA.
authors.forename: D Alex
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Stroh
authors.forename: Aaron J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mont
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007720:Knee Prosthesis; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D014945:Wound Healing