title: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a new biomarker for non--acute kidney injury (AKI) diseases.
abstract: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, or NGAL, an acute phase protein, is part of the lipocalin family. NGAL is highly induced in inflammatory conditions and ischemia, and is a critical component of innate immunity to bacterial infection. Recently, NGAL has been proven as an emerging biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury (AKI). Meanwhile, numerous studies have also demonstrated that NGAL may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis, prediction, prevention, and prognosis of non--AKI diseases such as chronic kidney diseases, vascular disorders, cancer, preeclampsia, and allergies. This article systematically reviews the clinical utilities of NGAL as a new biomarker for non--AKI diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dr Everett Chalmers Regional Hospital, Horizon Health Network, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5N5, Canada.
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giasson
authors.forename: Guo Hua
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000652:urine; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000652:urine; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins