title: [Sarcoidosis and genetics].
abstract: Familial features of sarcoidosis and observations in monozygotic twins affected by the condition suggest the presence of a genetic predisposition. Various genetic associations have been described with genes coding for proteins involved in immune regulation in particular at the level of interaction between T-lymphocyte and antigen presenting cell. We review the various genetic targets described with techniques ranging from classic human lymphocyte antigen genotype to genome wide linkage scans. The 6p21 region has been highlighted, which includes relevant genes such as MHC class II, BTNL2 and TNFα. These studies show that the genetics of sarcoidosis are complex, that patient sub-groups exist, which may explain some of the heterogeneity in the results of genetic studies and that the interactions between genetic and environmental factors remains to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, 165, chemin du Grand-Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Bénite cedex, France. yves.pacheco@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pacheco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000071797:Butyrophilins; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007125:Immunogenetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D017565:Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C408263:BTNL2 protein, human; D000071797:Butyrophilins; D016207:Cytokines; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha