title: Standardization of computer-assisted semen analysis using an e-learning application.
abstract: Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) is primarily used to obtain accurate and objective kinetic sperm measurements. Additionally, AI centers use computer-assessed sperm concentration in the sample as a basis for calculating the number of insemination doses available from a given ejaculate. The reliability of data is often limited and results can vary even when the same CASA systems with identical settings are used. The objective of the present study was to develop a computer-based training module for standardized measurements with a CASA system and to evaluate its training effect on the quality of the assessment of sperm motility and concentration. A digital versatile disc (DVD) has been produced showing the standardization of sample preparation and analysis with the CASA system SpermVision™ version 3.0 (Minitube, Verona, WI, USA) in words, pictures, and videos, as well as the most probable sources of error. Eight test persons educated in spermatology, but with different levels of experience with the CASA system, prepared and assessed 10 aliquots from one prediluted bull ejaculate using the same CASA system and laboratory equipment before and after electronic learning (e-learning). After using the e-learning application, the coefficient of variation was reduced on average for the sperm concentration from 26.1% to 11.3% (P ≤ 0.01), and for motility from 5.8% to 3.1% (P ≤ 0.05). For five test persons, the difference in the coefficient of variation before and after use of the e-learning application was significant (P ≤ 0.05). Individual deviations of means from the group mean before e-learning were reduced compared with individual deviations from the group mean after e-learning. According to a survey, the e-learning application was highly accepted by users. In conclusion, e-learning presents an effective, efficient, and accepted tool for improvement of the precision of CASA measurements. This study provides a model for the standardization of other laboratory procedures using e-learning.
authors.affiliation: E-learning Consulting, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ehlers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Behr
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bollwein
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beyerbach
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Waberski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D012015:Reference Standards; D055101:Semen Analysis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D012984:Software; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology