title: Raloxifene therapy inhibits osteoclastogenesis during the alveolar healing process in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of OPG, RANKL and TRAP during alveolar healing process (7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 postoperative days) in ovariectomized rats treated with raloxifene or with oestrogen replacement therapy, using immunohistochemistry reaction approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar female rats (10 weeks age) were submitted to ovariectomy surgery (OVX) or sham surgery. The female rats were divided in four groups: (1) sham; (2) OVX/O (ovariectomy and oil); (3) OVX/E2 (ovariectomy and oestrogen replacement); (4) OVX/RLX (ovariectomy and raloxifene therapy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was observed high amount of OPG immunolabelling with predominance at 14 and 21 postoperative days on sham and OVX/RLX groups, respectively. At 7 postoperative days, there was no difference between the groups for TRAP protein. Otherwise, to the other periods, it was observed greater expression of TRAP and RANKL protein on OVX/O group compared to sham, OVX/E2 and OVX/RLX groups. It was also observed a discrete TRAP immunolabelling at 28 and 42 postoperative days on OVX/RLX group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oestrogen deficiency induces osteoclastogenesis in the alveolar healing process. Quantitative changes in the osteoclastic activity could be prevented through the raloxifene therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Brazil. eloaluvizuto@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Eloá R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Luvizuto
authors.forename: Sheila S M D
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Tetuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Rita C M
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dornelles
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000187:drug effects; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000187:drug effects; D010052:Ovariectomy; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000187:drug effects; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D013997:Time Factors; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D007527:Isoenzymes; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; C506032:Tnfrsf11b protein, rat; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride; D004958:Estradiol; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase