title: Rhizomucor and scedosporium infection post hematopoietic stem-cell transplant.
abstract: Hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipients are at increased risk of developing invasive fungal infections. This is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 17-year-old male patient diagnosed with severe idiopathic acquired aplastic anemia who developed fungal pneumonitis due to Rhizomucor sp. and rhinoencephalitis due to Scedosporium apiospermum 6 and 8 months after undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant from an HLA-matched unrelated donor. Discussion highlights risk factors for invasive fungal infections (i.e., mucormycosis and scedosporiosis), its clinical features, and the factors that must be taken into account to successfully treat them (early diagnosis, correction of predisposing factors, aggressive surgical debridement, and antifungal and adjunctive therapies).
authors.affiliation: Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Dânia Sofia
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pinho Vaz
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Branca
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Campilho
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lamelas
authors.forename: Luis Pedro
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jacome
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Breda
authors.forename: Eurico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campos Júnior