title: A study of the distribution and density of the VEGFR-2 receptor on glioma microvascular endothelial cell membranes.
abstract: The purpose of the study was to examine the nanoscale distribution and density of the VEGFR-2 membrane receptor on the endothelial cell surface of glioma microvasculature. Immunofluorescence and atomic force microscopy combined with immunogold labeling techniques were used to characterize and determine the position of the glioma microvasculature endothelial cell surface receptor VEGFR-2. We aimed to indirectly detect the distribution of VEGFR-2 on the cell membrane at the nanoscale level and to analyze VEGFR-2 quantitatively. Immunofluorescence imaging showed a large amount of VEGFR-2 scattered across the endothelial cell surface; atomic force microscopy imaging also showed two globular structures of different sizes scattered across the endothelial cell surface. The difference between the average diameter of the small globular structure outside the cell surface (43.67 ± 5.02 nm) and that of IgG (44.61 ± 3.19 nm) was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The three-dimensional morphologies of the small globular structure outside the cell surface and IgG were similar. The difference between the average diameter of the large globular structure outside the cell surface (74.19 ± 9.10 nm) and that of IgG-SpA-CG (74.54 ± 15.93 nm) was also not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The three-dimensional morphologies of this large globular structure outside the cell surface and IgG-SpA-CG were similar. The total density of these two globular structures within the unit area was 92 ± 19 particles μm(2). No globular structures were seen on the cell surface in the control group. The large globular structure on the surface of glioma microvascular endothelial cells was categorized as a VEGFR-2-IgG-SpA-CG immune complex, whereas the small globular structure was categorized as a VEGFR-2-IgG immune complex. The positions of the globular structures were the same as the positions of the VEGFR-2 molecules. A large amount of VEGFR-2 was scattered across glioma microvascular endothelial cell surfaces; the receptor density was about 92 per square micron.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital & Guangdong Institute of Neuroscience, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Dexiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shengquan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhaojie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Guangzhong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shaojian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Yingqian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Xiaodan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000276:immunology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D005910:Glioma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology*; D012377:Rodentia; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2