title: Chrysin modulates ethanol metabolism in Wistar rats: a promising role against organ toxicities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepato- and nephro-protective efficacy of chrysin was investigated against sequential increase of ethanol intake on the alteration of alcohol metabolizing enzymes-alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP 2E1), xanthine oxidase (XO) and oxidant/anti-oxidant status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty female Wistar rats segregated into five groups, each with six animals, were put to different doses. Group I as control followed by Group II, III and IV were treated with ethanol (5,8,10 and 12 g/kg body weight per week respectively) for 4 weeks. While Group III and IV were administered with chrysin at 20 mg (D1) and 40 mg/kg body weight (D2), respectively, prior to ethanol administration. Group V was given only chrysin (D2). Various oxidative stress and ethanol metabolizing enzymes were estimated in hepatic and renal tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ethanol administration significantly induced CYP 2E1, ADH and XO in liver and kidneys, respectively, along with an enhancement in levels of malondialdehyde and serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and lactate dehydrogenase when compared with the control group and this enhancement is significantly normalized with chrysin administration. Oxidative stress markers: reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase were significantly (P < 0.001) depleted in the ethanol-treated group, while chrysin administration significantly restored all of these. Only chrysin administration did not show any adverse effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results demonstrate that chrysin administration prevents the liver and kidney of Wistar rats against oxidative damage during chronic ethanol consumption by inhibiting the activities of ADH, CYP 2E1, XO and catalase.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Division, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
authors.forename: Mir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tahir
authors.forename: Sarwat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sultana
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000187:drug effects; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000502:physiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D005419:Flavonoids; D020011:Protective Agents; C043561:chrysin; D000431:Ethanol; D003404:Creatinine; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase