title: In vivo assessment of optimal viewing angles from X-ray coronary angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To propose and validate a novel approach to determine the optimal angiographic viewing angles for a selected coronary (target) segment from X-ray coronary angiography, without the need to reconstruct the entire coronary tree in three-dimensions (3D), such that subsequent interventions are carried out from the best view.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The approach starts with standard quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) of the target vessel in two angiographic views. Next, the target vessel is reconstructed in 3D, and in a very simple and intuitive manner, the possible overlap of the target vessel and other vessel segments can be assessed, resulting in the best view with minimum foreshortening and overlap. A retrospective study including 67 patients was set up for the validation. The overlap prediction result was compared with the true overlap on the available angiographic views (TEST views). The foreshortening for the views proposed by the new approach software viewing angle (SVA) and the views used during the stent deployment software viewing angle (EVA) were compared. Two experienced interventional cardiologists visually evaluated the success of SVA with respect to EVA. The evaluation results were graded into five values ranging from -2 to 2. The overlap prediction algorithm successfully predicted the overlap condition for all 235 TEST views. EVA was associated with more foreshortening than SVA (8.9% ± 8.2% vs. 1.6% ± 1.5%, p<0.001). The average evaluated point for the success of SVA was 0.94 ± 0.80 (p <0.001), indicating that the evaluators were in favor of the optimal views determined by the proposed approach versus the views used during the actual intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed approach is able to accurately and quickly determine the optimal viewing angles for the online support of coronary interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Shengxian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Peiyuan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koning
authors.forename: Xianglong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Johan H C
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Reiber
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D014965:X-Rays