title: Histopathological and biochemical alternations of the heart induced by acute cadmium exposure in the freshwater crab Sinopotamon yangtsekiense.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic element in water. Its toxicity has been attributed to oxidative stress mediated by free radicals. Here we investigated the effects of Cd on the histopathology, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation of crustacean heart. The freshwater crabs Sinopotamon yangtsekiense were exposed to different concentrations of Cd for 1, 3, 5 and 7d. After exposure, histological abnormalities were discovered, including myocardial edema, vacuolar and vitreous degeneration, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Additionally, alterations in nuclei, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as myofibrils were observed. Meanwhile, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly increased after Cd exposure. Catalase (CAT) activity was only increased in the group exposed to 14.50 mg L(-1) Cd on day 5 and decreased with increasing Cd concentration and exposure time. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was increased in groups treated with 29.00, 58.00 and 116.00 mg L(-1) on days 1 and 3, and decreased thereafter. Besides, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly increased after 3d of Cd exposure at all the indicated concentrations. These results showed that acute Cd exposure led to harmful effects on the histology of crab heart, which are most likely linked to Cd-induced oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
authors.forename: Wenwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jixian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003386:Brachyura / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D018870:Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009210:Myofibrils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase