title: Inhibition of cell proliferation, invasion and migration by ursolic acid in human lung cancer cell lines.
abstract: Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene naturally occurring in many plant foods. Apoptotic, anti-invasive and anti-migratory effects of UA at 2, 4, 8, or 16 μmol/L in human non-small cell lung cancer A549, H3255 and Calu-6 cell lines were examined. The impact of this compound upon associated biomarkers such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) was also evaluated. UA treatments concentration-dependently decreased cell viability, and lowered Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase activity (P<0.05). This compound at 4-16 μmol/L concentration-dependently increased DNA fragmentation, and reduced VEGF and transforming growth factor beta1 levels in test cancer cells (P<0.05). UA concentration-dependently suppressed ICAM-1 expression (P<0.05). This compound significantly declined fibronectin expression (P<0.05), but concentration-dependent effect was shown in H3255 cells only (P<0.05). UA treatments significantly suppressed the expression of MMP-9 and MMP-2 (P<0.05), and inhibited protein kinase C activity in test cell lines (P<0.05). UA treatments also concentration-dependently reduced cell invasion (P<0.05); however, this compound at 4-16 μmol/L significantly decreased cell migration (P<0.05), and concentration-dependent effect was shown in A549 and Calu-6 cells (P<0.05). These findings suggested that this triterpene was a potent anti-lung cancer agent, and it might be able to retard invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chun-Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chia-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chia-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Mei-Chin
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid