title: Trisomy-X with estrous cycle anomalies in two female dogs.
abstract: Two female dogs were presented with a history of abnormal estrous cycles and infertility, despite multiple breedings. Medical therapy to correct the cycle anomalies did not result in pregnancy. Cytogenetic analysis of blood lymphocyte cultures in each dog revealed three copies of the X chromosome in each cell, constituting a 79,XXX karyotype (trisomy-X). Both dogs were eventually ovariohysterectomised and histological evaluation revealed hypoplastic ovaries and an absence of normal follicular structures. However, partial or immature follicles were noted, which may have been sufficient to cause both females to initiate cycling. The history and clinical characteristics found in these dogs were compared to those described in three other dogs reported with trisomy-X, as well as those reported in other species. These findings highlighted the importance of cytogenetic studies in fertility evaluation and achieving a definitive diagnosis for infertility in the bitch.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schweizer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gradil
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schlafer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lopate
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Prociuk
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Meyers-Wallen
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Casal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004285:Dogs; D030762:Estrous Cycle; D005260:Female; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000235:genetics; D007621:Karyotyping; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012729:Sex Chromosome Aberrations / Q000662:veterinary*; D058533:Sex Chromosome Disorders of Sex Development / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014314:Trisomy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics