title: Characteristics of baseline PSA and PSA velocity in young men without prostate cancer: Racial differences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Baseline prostate specific antigen (PSA) and PSA velocity used to stratify subsequent prostate cancer risk in young men may not directly applicable to all populations. We sought to compare the baseline PSA and PSA velocity among ethnic groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chinese, African-American (AA), and Caucasian-American (CA) men aged ≤50 years old without prostate cancer were used to identify baseline PSA and PSA velocity. The differences of baseline PSA and PSA velocity between races were assessed. The important cutoffs of baseline PSA and PSA velocity were used to stratify patients among races.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four thousand two hundred six Chinese, 997 AA, and 2,030 CA were included. The rates of baseline PSA of ≥1.0, ≥2.5, and ≥4.0 ng/ml was 24.4%, 4.2%, and 2.1% in Chinese, 30.7%, 5.2%, and 1.8% in AA, 29.7%, 5.3%, and 2.8% in CA, respectively. The rates of PSA velocity of ≥0.35, ≥0.75, and ≥1.0 ng/ml/year was 6.0%, 3.1%, and 2.6% in Chinese, 5.3%, 2.3%, and 1.7% in AA, 5.4%, 3.5%, and 3.3% in CA, respectively. Chinese had a lower baseline PSA and higher PSA velocity as compared to AA and CA. Baseline PSA and PSA velocity in AA had no statistical differences as compared to CA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distributions of baseline PSA and PSA velocity in young men among Chinese, AA, and CA races are different. These characteristics shall be taken into account when using these variables to stratify risk of prostate cancer in young men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Guangzhou First Municipal People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Keji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Jingao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Judd W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Moul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D044466:Asian People; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005006:Ethnicity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen