title: Regulation of bmp4 expression in odontogenic mesenchyme: from simple to complex.
abstract: For many years the molecular mechanisms governing bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) expression in tooth bud mesenchyme could be explained by an uncomplicated model involving the interaction of the homeobox gene Msx1 and the paired domain gene Pax9 and a limited proximal promoter segment of Bmp4. New insights have led to major revisions, but we are still far from understanding the role of Msx1 and Pax9 in the complex processes that result in the expression of Bmp4 in the mesenchymal layer of the developing tooth bud. The objective of these studies was to gain further insight into the molecular relationship between Pax9, Msx1, and Bmp4 in dental mesenchyme and explore its association with nonsyndromic tooth agenesis in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University Health Science Center Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Manshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mues
authors.forename: Rena N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: D'Souza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051957:MSX1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D051764:PAX9 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C525810:Bmp4 protein, mouse; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D051957:MSX1 Transcription Factor; D051764:PAX9 Transcription Factor