title: Self-monitoring technologies for type 2 diabetes and the prevention of cardiovascular complications: perspectives from end users.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to explore facilitators and barriers to the adoption of self-monitoring devices in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals with T2DM who were currently using one or more devices to monitor their disease participated in focus groups. Transcripts of focus group meetings were coded into themes by two reviewers using NVivo qualitative software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight adults with T2DM reported using a blood glucose meter, and almost half reported monitoring their blood pressure. Few individuals consistently monitored other aspects of their cardiovascular health. Four major themes impacting device use/disuse were identified: knowledge gaps, relationships with health care providers, environment, and personal experience. Knowledge barriers included lack of information regarding diabetes and the associated risk of complications. Perceptions of inconvenience, pain, and financial restrictions were important factors influencing the adoption, use, and abandonment of self-monitoring devices. Community-run programs, as well as dieticians and pharmacists, were identified as important resources for accessing information related to T2DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified the need for development of accessible and relevant education material; improved communication of disease-specific information between patients and providers, as well as providers and community resources; and strategies to improve the convenience and cost of monitoring devices.
authors.affiliation: Aging, Rehabilitation, and Geriatric Care Research Centre, The Lawson Health Research Institute, Parkwood Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chudyk
authors.forename: Sheree
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Russell-Minda
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Petrella
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020811:Biomedical Technology / Q000295:instrumentation; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003153:Community Health Services; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012984:Software