title: Identification of S-nitrosylation of proteins of Helicobacter pylori in response to nitric oxide stress.
abstract: Innate and adaptive immune responses are activated in humans when Helicobacter pylori invades the gastric mucosa. Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen species are important immune effectors, which can exert their functions through oxidation and S-nitrosylation of proteins. S-nitrosoglutathione and sodium nitroprus-side were used as NO donors and H. pylori cells were incubated with these compounds to analyze the inhibitory effect of NO. The suppressing effect of NO on H. pylori has been shown in vitro. Furthermore, the proteins modified by S-nitrosylation in H. pylori were identified through the biotin switch method in association with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS). Five S-nitrosylated proteins identified were a chaperone and heat-shock protein (GroEL), alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (TsaA), urease alpha subunit (UreA), HP0721, and HP0129. Importantly, S-nitrosylation of TsaA and UreA were confirmed using purified recombinant proteins. Considering the importance of these enzymes in antioxidant defenses, adherence, and colonization, NO may exert its antibacterial actions by targeting enzymes through S-nitrosylation. Identification of protein S-nitrosylation may contribute to an understanding of the antibacterial actions of NO. Our findings provide an insight into potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic agents against H. pylori infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P R China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Yabin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yundong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chengjiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jihui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione