title: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in age-related muscle atrophy.
abstract: Age-related muscle atrophy is due to loss of muscle fibers as well as atrophy of the remaining fibers. Evidence shows that loss of myofibers may be, in part, due to apoptosis. Two major apoptotic pathways have been extensively studied which are the mitochondrion-mediated and receptor-mediated pathways. However, other pathways exist, such as the p53 pathway. To date, it is not completely clear what pathways are responsible for loss of fibers in age-related muscle atrophy. Evidence suggests that multiple pathways may play a role. In this review article the effects of aging on the mitochondrion-, receptor-, and p53-mediated apoptotic pathways in skeletal muscle are discussed.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Wingate University, Wingate, NC 28174, USA. anaylor@wingate.edu
authors.forename: Amie J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Dirks-Naylor
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lennon-Edwards
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009929:Organ Size; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53