title: Binaural directivity patterns for normal and aided human hearing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this brief report was to investigate binaural directivity patterns for normal and aided hearing, as opposed to conventional monaural measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Head-related transfer functions for an artificial head measured at the entrance to the ear canal and above the pinnae and a binaural loudness model for directional sounds were used to estimate binaural directivity patterns for normal human hearing and behind-the-ear (BTE) hearing devices in the horizontal plane.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that binaural directivity patterns are smoother than the corresponding monaural patterns, and that there are clear frequency-dependent differences in binaural directivity between the two measurement positions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data can be used in the signal processing of BTE hearing aid systems to mimic the binaural directivity of normal, unoccluded ears.
authors.affiliation: Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland. ville.sivonen@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ville P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Sivonen
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000465:Algorithms; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D054644:Ear Auricle; D004424:Ear Canal; D006309:Hearing / Q000502:physiology*; D006310:Hearing Aids; D006311:Hearing Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008144:Loudness Perception; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D013017:Sound Localization