title: An integrative in vitro approach to analyse digestion of wheat polysaccharides and the effect of enzyme supplementation.
abstract: The digestion of polysaccharides from the wheat cultivars Caphorn and Isengrain was investigated, and the efficiency of an enzyme preparation was tested using the TNO gastrointestinal model (TIM-1). The apparent digestibility (AD) of carbohydrates was determined based on the measurement of organic matter (OM), total monosaccharides, reducing ends (RE) and end products (EP: glucose, maltose and xylobiose). The AD of the OM from Caphorn and Isengrain measured using caecectomised cockerels did not differ from that measured using TIM-1: 72.0 (SD 2.6) v. 70.6 (SD 0.6) % for Caphorn (P = 0.580) and 73.0 (SD 2.3) v. 71.1 (SD 1.9) % for Isengrain (P = 0.252). After the 6 h TIM-1 digestion, 41.4-58.9 % of the OM, RE and EP were recovered from the jejunal compartment and 18.3-27.1 % from the ileal compartment, while ileal deliveries and digestive residues constituted the remainder. A commercial enzyme cocktail tested at 0.2 μl/g of wheat improved TIM-1 digestibility of Caphorn and Isengrain polysaccharides: 3.9 % (P = 0.0203) and 3.4 % (P = 0.0058) based on the OM; 9.7 % (P < 0.0001) and 3.1 % (P = 0.031) based on the total glucose; 47.2 % (P < 0.0001) and 14.2 % (P = 0.0004) based on the RE, respectively. The enzyme cocktail improved the release of the EP for Caphorn (3.8 %, P = 0.008) but not for Isengrain ( − 0.8 %, P = 0.561). The higher efficiency of the enzyme supplementation on the digestion of Caphorn polysaccharides compared with Isengrain seems to be linked to the higher soluble carbohydrate contents and/or less ramified arabinoxylan of Caphorn.
authors.affiliation: BiosCiences ISM2 UMR-CNRS-6263, Université Paul Cézanne Aix Marseille III, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Mickaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lafond
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bouza
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eyrichine
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bonnin
authors.forename: Emmanuelle H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Crost
authors.forename: Pierre-André
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Geraert
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Giardina
authors.forename: El Hassan
authors.initials: el H
authors.lastname: Ajandouz
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D011134:Polysaccharides; D005947:Glucose