title: Prevalence and risk factors of peripheral arterial diseases in male Chinese octogenarians and nonagenarians with hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in male Chinese octogenarians and nonagenarians with hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ankle-brachial index (ABI) was measured in the noninvasive vascular laboratory for hypertensive male octogenarians and nonagenarians enrolled from outpatient and inpatient departments. The baseline conditions were investigated using standard questionnaire and by routine physical examinations. PAD was diagnosed when an ABI≤0.9 in either lower extremity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally 290 male Chinese octogenarians and nonagenarians [age: (84.61±4.20) years] with hypertension who were receiving antihypertensive therapy were enrolled in this study, among whom 9 men with missing data except age and ABI measurements. The ABI was 0.948±0.258, with the range of highest frequency of 0.91-1.30, and 106 patients were diagnosed as PAD, 182 as non-PAD, and 2 had ABI>1.3. ABI in hypertensive men with PAD were significantly lower than in those without PAD (P<0.05). On the contrary, age, blood urea nitrogen, white blood cell counts, platelets and aspartic transaminase were significantly higher in PAD patients than in non-PAD patients (all P<0.05). The prevalence of PAD in this study population were 36.5%; more specifically, it significantly differed between different subgroups when stratified by age (28.6% vs. 46.3%, below and above 85 years), with and without hypertension (27.5% vs. 40.1%), stroke (44.7% vs. 27.5%), dyslipidemia (41.4% vs. 33.3%), coronary artery disease (44.1% vs. 13.9%), and diabetes mellitus (53.7% vs. 21.8%) (all P<0.05). The prevalences of PAD in hypertensive patients treated with diuretics, calcium antagonists, beta-blocker, or angiotensin receptor antagonist were 41.4%, 36.1%, 22.4%, and 26.8%, respectively. No association was observed between the prevalence of PAD and smoking/alcohol drinking in these subjects. Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR 1.12, 95%CI 1.014-1.238), blood urea nitrogen (OR 1.15, 95%CI 1.025-1.301), aspartic transaminase (OR 1.05, 95%CI 1.005-1.089), diabetes mellitus (OR 4.02, 95%CI 1.797-9.009), coronary artery disease (OR 6.34, 95%CI 1.734-23.214) were strong risk factors of PAD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAD is highly prevalent among aged Chinese hypertensive men, in which age, blood urea nitrogen, aspartic transaminase, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease may be involved in the development of this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department 1 of Nanlou Cardiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yi-mei
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Min-yan
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao-ying
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors