title: Use of the Distress Thermometer for the Elderly in the identification of distress and need in nursing and care homes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have found high levels of undetected psychological distress and unaddressed need among care home residents. The aim of this study was to investigate the usability and usefulness of the Distress Thermometer for the Elderly (DTE; modified from a measure used in cancer care) in the identification of distress and need with older people in care homes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a single group, cross-sectional study. Staff in 12 nursing homes and one care home in England completed the DTE and a measure of depression with their older residents (n = 66). Quantitative methods were employed to investigate the relationship between the Distress Thermometer rating, depression scores and problems or needs selected on the DTE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The DTE was found to be feasible for completion by residents with assistance from staff. The level of distress on the DTE was significantly related to depression, number of problems and practical-physical problems. Each of 50 problems in the checklist was checked by at least one of the respondents. More problem items and physical-practical problems were selected by individuals who reached clinical levels of depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this preliminary study, results indicate promising potential for the use of the DTE as a simple screening tool for distress, as well as to enable residents to record their perceived needs as part of care-planning and a broader person-centred approach.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dilworth
authors.forename: Keri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Nikki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sawkins
authors.forename: Jan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Oyebode
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D006701:Home Nursing / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology* / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011581:Psychological Tests / Q000592:standards; D057566:Self Report; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis*