title: The implications of nutrition services within the health care system on the quality of life and longevity, in developed countries: a re-analysis of 38 studies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The United Nations' Global Population Pyramid is undertaking a shift from pyramid to cube. The concomitant decline in fertility and mortality rates produces a higher portion of older people, and, thus, an increased number of deaths due to cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Limited studies have investigated the effect of health care services on longevity. In this work, findings from studies throughout the world are presented and re-analysed in order to evaluate the effect of health care services on population's health status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies that have assessed the associations of nutritional and other health care services (i.e., physicians supply, technical support, inter-collaboration) on longevity and health status were retrieved (searches in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, up to January 2010), and summarized here.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Few studies, mostly located in the US and the UK, have evaluated the role of health care services on population's health status. The majority of the studies reported a beneficial association between the frequency of physicians and mortality, while some other studies reported weak or no associations between physician's supply and longevity. Also nutritional services (screening) seem to promote better clinical outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although very few data are available, it seems that there is a positive correlation between the quality and quantity of health care services and longevity. Strong primary health care seems to be effective on the population's health outcome. Active health policy and enhancement of health and nutritional services within the health care system may contribute to improved population's health and their overall quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition - Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Stefanos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tyrovolas
authors.forename: Yannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tountas
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Polychronopoulos
authors.forename: Demosthenes B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Panagiotakos
mesh_terms: D019049:Developed Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008136:Longevity; D044623:Nutrition Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life