title: Special susceptive aqueous ammonia chemi-sensor: extended applications of novel UV-curable polyurethane-clay nanohybrid.
abstract: In this contribution, chemical sensor for the detection of aqueous ammonia has been fabricated using UV-curable polyurethane acrylate (PU) and nanohybrids (NH-1, NH-3 and NH-5). PU has been prepared by reacting polycaprolactone triol (PCLT) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) while the nanohybrids, NH-1, NH-3, and NH-5 have been synthesized by solution blending method using PU with 1, 3, and 5 wt% loading levels of C-20B. PU and their nanohybrids showed higher sensitivity investigated by I-V technique using aqueous ammonia as a target chemical. All the nanohybrids showed higher sensitivity as compared to neat PU. The sensitivity increased with increase in clay content and the nanohybrid containing 5 wt% of clay showed the highest sensitivity (8.5254 μA cm(-2) mM(-1)) with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0175 ± 0.001 μM, being 7.8 times higher than pure PU. The calibration plot for all the sensors was linear over the large range of 0.05 μM to 0.05 M. The response time of the fabricated sensor was <10.0 s. Therefore, one can fabricate efficient aqueous ammonia sensor by utilization of nanohybrid as an efficient electron mediator.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Advanced Materials and Nano-Engineering (CAMNE), Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, P.O. Box 11001, Najran, Saudi Arabia. drkhanmarwat@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sher Bahadar
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Mohammed M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Eui Soung
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Kalsoom
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.forename: Haksoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis*; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000077215:Clay; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011140:Polyurethanes; D014867:Water; D000641:Ammonia; D000077215:Clay