title: Bronchoscopy and endobronchial disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.
abstract: The natural history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has been significantly altered since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, lung diseases are still common in these patients. This makes flexible fibreoptic bronchoscopy a valuable diagnostic tool. Knowledge of the visual appearance of various diseases would be of utmost importance to the bronchoscopist. Timely recognition of the endobronchial appearance of these diseases can narrow the differential diagnosis and potentially mitigate an avoidable delay in the diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, New Hyde Park, NY 11010, USA.
authors.forename: Toshita
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: Yelena
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Markovskaya
authors.forename: Mangala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Narasimhan
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Arunabh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talwar
mesh_terms: D016917:Angiomatosis, Bacillary / Q000175:diagnosis; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D016483:Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / Q000175:diagnosis; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis; D055732:Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000175:diagnosis; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis