title: Increased levels of nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1 in lung tissues from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases, including acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate lung tissues from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome for presence of nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lung tissue sections from 5 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and sections of normal lung tissues of 4 patients were stained with antibodies against epithelial cell marker (surfactant protein B) and nuclear factor κB or Fos-related antigen 1. Samples were analyzed using confocal laser microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have detected significantly increased levels of activated nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1 in lung tissues from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome compared with control tissues, suggesting that these transcription factors undergo activation in lungs of patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrate that activated nuclear factor κB and Fos-related antigen 1 are elevated in epithelial cells in lung tissues of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.
authors.forename: Rafal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fudala
authors.forename: Timothy Craig
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krupa
authors.forename: Philip T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Cagle
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nash
authors.forename: Zygmunt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gryczynski
authors.forename: Ignacy
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gryczynski
authors.forename: Anna K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Kurdowska
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000099169:Fos-Related Antigen 1
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D000099169:Fos-Related Antigen 1