title: Taking organelles apart, putting them back together and creating new ones: lessons from the endoplasmic reticulum.
abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic organelle. It is composed of four subcompartments including nuclear envelope (NE), rough ER (rER), smooth ER (sER) and transitional ER (tER). The subcompartments are interconnected, can fragment and dissociate and are able to reassemble again. They coordinate with cell function by way of protein regulators in the surrounding cytosol. The activity of the many associated molecular machines of the ER as well as the fluid nature of the limiting membrane of the ER contribute extensively to the dynamics of the ER. This review examines the properties of the ER that permit its isolation and purification and the physiological conditions that permit reconstitution both in vitro and in vivo in normal and in disease conditions.
authors.affiliation: Département de pharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lavoie
authors.forename: Line
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lanoix
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thibault
authors.forename: Carol Abi
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Farah
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leclerc
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paiement
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018870:Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018871:Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015388:Organelles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013347:Subcellular Fractions