title: ULBP4/RAET1E is highly polymorphic in the Old World monkey.
abstract: Natural-killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) is an activating receptor that plays an important role in the immune response mediated by NK cells, γδ(+) T cells, and CD8(+) T cells. In humans, MHC class I chain-related genes and UL-16 binding protein (ULBP)/retinoic acid early transcript 1 (REAT1) gene family encode ligands for NKG2D. The rhesus and crab-eating macaques, which belong to the Old World monkeys, are widely used as non-human primate models in medical researches on the immunological process. In the present study, we investigated the polymorphisms of ULBP4/RAET1E, a member of the ULBP/RAET1 family, and found 25 and 14 alleles from the rhesus and crab-eating macaques, respectively, of which diversities were far more extended than in humans. A phylogenetic study suggested that the allelic diversification of ULBP4/RAET1E predated the divergence of rhesus and crab-eating macaques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Taeko K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Kazuyasu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akari
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matano
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000235:genetics*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000235:genetics*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D008565:Membrane Proteins