title: Interleukin 10 and residual kidney function are associated with risk of vascular calcification in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vascular calcification is a common complication among dialysis patients and its pathogenesis involves a variety of factors. The roles of pro-inflammatory cytokines and residual kidney function (RKF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with vascular calcification have not been investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  157 stable PD patients were enrolled. All patients had plain X-ray film examination including chest (posterior-anterior view, CXR) and pelvis. Vascular calcification was interpreted as calcified deposit over aortic arch and linear calcification of pelvic arteries. Relevant biochemical data, pro-inflammatory markers, and PD-related factors were measured and collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vascular calcification prevalence in CXRs was higher than that in pelvis films (38.2% vs. 22.3%, p < 0.05). Patients with vascular calcification in CXR had higher incidence of calcification in pelvis films (p < 0.05). Only a minor portion (14.6%) had two calcification sites. Regression analysis revealed that age, PD duration, body mass index, and RKF were independent factors associated with vascular calcification in CXR. Age, diabetes, IL-10 and RKF were factors associated in pelvis films. Factors independently related to vascular calcification in both films were age, duration, diabetes, IL-10, and RKF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Besides traditional risk factors, IL-10 and RKF were important factors associated with vascular calcification in PD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao-Sung Shang, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. ctlee33@adm.cgmh.org.tw
authors.forename: C-T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: C-Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: H-Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: C-Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: S-F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: T-C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: C-C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: C-C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: T T-Y
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.forename: W-C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y-K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: K-K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10