title: The differential diagnosis of familial lentiginosis syndromes.
abstract: Cutaneous markers of systemic disease are vital for clinicians to recognize. This chapter outlines familial lentiginosis syndromes that include Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Carney Complex, the PTEN hamartomatous syndromes, and LEOPARD/Noonan syndrome. The inheritance of these syndromes is autosomal dominant; they also share characteristic skin findings that offer a clue to their recognition and treatment. We will discuss the clinical presentation of these disorders, with a focus on the dermatological manifestations, and will provide an update on the molecular mechanisms involved. Recognition of cutaneous markers associated with these rare familial cancer syndromes provides the opportunity to pursue early surveillance for malignancies, as well as genetic counseling.
authors.affiliation: Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Program on Developmental Endocrinology Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and Pediatric Endocrinology Inter-Institute Training Program, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, CRC Room 1-3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1103, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. lodishma@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Maya B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lodish
authors.forename: Constantine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stratakis
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007911:Lentigo / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D010580:Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*