title: Mapping the brain in type II diabetes: Voxel-based morphometry using DARTEL.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the pattern of brain volume changes of the brain in patients with type II diabetes mellitus using voxel-based morphometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional ethics approval and informed consent were obtained. VBM based on the high resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient recalled echo MRI images was obtained from 16 type II diabetes patients (mean age 61.2 years) and 16 normal controls (mean age 59.6 years). All images were spatially preprocessed using Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration using Exponentiated Lie algebra (DARTEL) algorithm, and the DARTEL templates were made from 100 normal subjects. Statistical parametric mapping was generated using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  An atrophy pattern of gray matter was seen in type II diabetes patients compared with controls that involved the right superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri, right precentral gyrus, and left rolandic operculum region. The loss of white matter volume in type II diabetes mellitus was observed in right temporal lobe and left inferior frontal triangle region. ROI analysis revealed that the gray and white matter volume of right temporal lobe were significant lower in type II diabetes mellitus than that in controls (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work demonstrated that type II diabetes mellitus patients mainly exhibited gray and white matter atrophy in right temporal lobe, and this finding supported that type II diabetes mellitus could lead to subtle diabetic brain structural changes in patients without dementia or macrovascular complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Zhiye
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity