title: Limited risk of drug resistance after discontinuation of antiretroviral prophylaxis for the prevention of breastfeeding transmission of HIV.
abstract: We evaluated 70 HIV-infected pregnant women with CD4⁺ cell count >350 cells per cubic millimeter who received zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine from week 25 of gestation until 6 months after delivery and a 3-week tail of zidovudine and lamivudine at the moment of drug discontinuation. Forty days after the interruption of all drugs resistance mutations were present in 5 of 70 (7.1%) women. Two of them had the same mutation archived in baseline HIV DNA. The other 3 women had, at least once, detectable viral load and presence of mutations during treatment. Overall, the risk of developing resistance mutations in compliant women was low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Palombi
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luhanga
authors.forename: Clementina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galluzzo
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andreotti
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liotta
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ceffa
authors.forename: Jere
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haswell
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marazzi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vella
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giuliano
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001942:Breast Feeding; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents