title: Dominant induction of vaccine antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses after simian immunodeficiency virus challenge.
abstract: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses are crucial for the control of human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) replication. A promising AIDS vaccine strategy is to induce CTL memory resulting in more effective CTL responses post-viral exposure compared to those in natural HIV infections. We previously developed a CTL-inducing vaccine and showed SIV control in some vaccinated rhesus macaques. These vaccine-based SIV controllers elicited vaccine antigen-specific CTL responses dominantly in the acute phase post-challenge. Here, we examined CTL responses post-challenge in those vaccinated animals that failed to control SIV replication. Unvaccinated rhesus macaques possessing the major histocompatibility complex class I haplotype 90-088-Ij dominantly elicited SIV non-Gag antigen-specific CTL responses after SIV challenge, while those induced with Gag-specific CTL memory by prophylactic vaccination failed to control SIV replication with dominant Gag-specific CTL responses in the acute phase, indicating dominant induction of vaccine antigen-specific CTL responses post-challenge even in non-controllers. Further analysis suggested that prophylactic vaccination results in dominant induction of vaccine antigen-specific CTL responses post-viral exposure but delays SIV non-vaccine antigen-specific CTL responses. These results imply a significant influence of prophylactic vaccination on CTL immunodominance post-viral exposure, providing insights into antigen design in development of a CTL-inducing AIDS vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Division for AIDS Vaccine Development, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakasone
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Tsugumine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakawaki
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horiike
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Taeko K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matano
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D018449:SAIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D018449:SAIDS Vaccines