title: Flame preparation of visible-light-responsive BiVO4 oxygen evolution photocatalysts with subsequent activation via aqueous route.
abstract: Visible-light-active BiVO(4) photocatalyst prepared by a one-step flame spray pyrolysis demonstrates the structural evolution from amorphous to crystalline scheelite-tetragonal and further to scheelite-monoclinic (the photocatalytic active phase). Up to 95% scheelite-monoclinic content, the rest being scheelite-tetragonal, can be achieved in situ by exposing the collection filter to higher flame temperature. Reasonable activity in terms of photocatalytic O(2) evolution was obtained with the increase in crystallinity and scheelite-monoclinic content. Although analogous postcalcination of BiVO(4) improves crystallization and phase transformation, it inevitably induces vacancy defects that are detrimental to the photocatalytic activity. Hence a facile aqueous acid treatment on the flame-made BiVO(4) is introduced, which in the presence of small addition of Bi and V promotes full transformation to scheelite-monoclinic and reduces charge trapping defects. As a result, the photocatalytic O(2) evolution activity was increased by a remarkable 5 folds compared to the best performing untreated flame-made BiVO(4).
authors.affiliation: ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia.
authors.forename: Yung Kent
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kho
authors.forename: Wey Yang
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Teoh
authors.forename: Akihide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mädler
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Rose
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amal
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D008027:Light; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*; D010777:Photochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D014638:Vanadates / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C091754:bismuth vanadium tetraoxide; D014638:Vanadates; D010100:Oxygen; D001729:Bismuth