title: Simulation and CRM.
abstract: Patients are harmed as a result of incidents. Both poor interdisciplinary communication and teamwork are contributing factors to such events. The principles of crisis resource management are meant to help prevent and manage difficulties and reflect both, the social-team-oriented and cognitive-individual-oriented aspects of human factors. This article explores the importance of human factors training for safe care of patients and the role of simulation. Based on the available literature, the need to integrate this type of training to increase awareness of the importance of human factors and to change attitudes appears obvious. A combination of different training methods appears to be useful. Simulation-based training appears to be favourable, although the number of studies demonstrating the impact of training is limited. It is important to develop training programmes for individual teams, based on the knowledge of challenges and deficiencies, and to monitor behavioural change. Several methods, including patient safety data, interviews, observational studies and simulations, can be used to specify learning objectives. The training should be established for the real team(s). Furthermore, leaders need to implement training in the organisation and establish databases to monitor the impact on patient outcome.
authors.affiliation: Danish Institute for Medical Simulation, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University, Herlev, Denmark. dooe@heh.regionh.dk
authors.forename: Doris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ostergaard
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dieckmann
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lippert
mesh_terms: D006295:Health Resources; D006801:Humans; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D016544:Patient Simulation; D017751:Safety Management