title: Spatial and seasonal distribution of aerosol chemical components in New York City: (1) Incineration, coal combustion, and biomass burning.
abstract: We describe spatial and temporal patterns of fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) and of 12 of its constituent chemical elements commonly observed in measurements at residential locations in New York City (NYC). These elements, that is, Ni, V, As, Se, S, Cl, Na, K, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Mn, had significant spatial and temporal variability at 10 PM(2.5) sampling locations during our winter and summer sampling campaigns. By grouping the elements into traditional source apportionment categories, we show that specific chemical components of PM(2.5) considered to have a common source category, such as As and Se for coal combustion, do not always follow the same temporal or spatial pattern. PM(2.5) mass had only limited spatial variability and a slight summertime concentration enhancement. Measurements at residential locations were, on average, consistent with EPA sampling network measurements, although we found that during times of low regional concentration, EPA measurements underestimated the PM(2.5) concentration at residential locations. These results have implications for improved understanding of exposures to specific sources of PM(2.5), and raise some concerns about source profiles used in source-receptor modeling tracer input selection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA. rpeltier@schoolph.umass.edu
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Peltier
authors.forename: Morton
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lippmann
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D018533:Biomass; D003031:Coal; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D017745:Incineration; D007221:Industry; D008670:Metals; D009519:New York City; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D003031:Coal; D008670:Metals; D052638:Particulate Matter