title: Both poor cardiorespiratory and weak muscle fitness are related to a high concentration of oxidized low-density lipoprotein lipids.
abstract: Good physical fitness is associated with favorable serum lipids. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) could be even more atherogenic than serum lipids. We studied the association of ox-LDL and serum lipids with physical fitness. Healthy young (mean age 25 years) men (n=846) underwent maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) and muscle fitness index (MFI) tests and completed a leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) questionnaire. Age (ANCOVA1), age+waist circumference+systolic blood pressure+fasting blood glucose+smoking (ANCOVA3) were used as covariates. The groups with the lowest VO(2max), MFI and LTPA had 23%, 16% and 8% higher concentrations of ox-LDL than the groups with the highest VO(2max) (P<0.0001), MFI (P=0.022) and LTPA (P=0.039) groups, respectively. Subjects with poor fitness (low VO(2max) or low MFI) or low LTPA had elevated levels of ox-LDL/high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and a low level of HDL-cholesterol (ANCOVA1, in all, P<0.05). Furthermore, low VO(2max) is associated with a high level of ox-LDL/HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, and with a low level of HDL-cholesterol (ANCOVA3, in all, P<0.05). Also, subjects with low LTPA had a high ratio of ox-LDL/HDL-cholesterol (ANCOVA1, P=0.001). In conclusion, both poor fitness (both low VO(2max) and low MFI) and low LTPA are associated with a higher concentration of ox-LDL lipids and serum lipids, which may indicate a higher risk for atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise, Paavo Nurmi Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. jussi.kosola@utu.fi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kosola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahotupa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kyröläinen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santtila
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vasankari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000097:blood*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein