title: Intracellular and intercellular processes determine robustness of the circadian clock.
abstract: Circadian clocks are present in most organisms and provide an adaptive mechanism to coordinate physiology and behavior with predictable changes in the environment. Genetic, biochemical, and cellular experiments have identified more than a dozen component genes and a signal transduction pathway that support cell-autonomous, circadian clock function. One of the hallmarks of biological clocks is their ability to reset to relevant stimuli while ignoring most others. We review recent results showing intracellular and intercellular mechanisms that convey this robust timekeeping to a variety of circadian cell types.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. hogenesc@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hogenesch
authors.forename: Erik D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Herzog
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057906:Circadian Clocks; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*