title: New adipokines vaspin and omentin. Circulating levels and gene expression in adipose tissue from morbidly obese women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vaspin and omentin are recently described molecules that belong to the adipokine family and seem to be related to metabolic risk factors. The objectives of this study were twofold: to evaluate vaspin and omentin circulating levels and mRNA expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in non-diabetic morbidly obese women; and to assess the relationship of vaspin and omentin with anthropometric and metabolic parameters, and other adipo/cytokines.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed vaspin and omentin circulating levels in 71 women of European descent (40 morbidly obese [BMI≥40 kg/m2] and 31 lean [BMI≤25]). We assessed vaspin and omentin gene expression in paired samples of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue from 46 women: 40 morbidly obese and 6 lean. We determined serum vaspin and plasma omentin levels with an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and adipose tissue mRNA expression by real time RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum vaspin levels in the morbidly obese were not significantly different from those in controls. They correlated inversely with levels of lipocalin 2 and interleukin 6. Vaspin mRNA expression was significantly higher in the morbidly obese, in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue.Plasma omentin levels were significantly lower in the morbidly obese and they correlated inversely with glucidic metabolism parameters. Omentin circulating levels, then, correlated inversely with the metabolic syndrome (MS). Omentin expression in visceral adipose tissue was significantly lower in morbidly obese women than in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates that vaspin may have a compensatory role in the underlying inflammation of obesity. Decreased omentin circulating levels have a close association with MS in morbidly obese women.
authors.affiliation: Servei Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII Tarragona, and Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Auguet
authors.forename: Yunuen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riesco
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morancho
authors.forename: Ximena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Terra
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crescenti
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Broch
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olona
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Porras
authors.forename: Mercè
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Fátima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sabench
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: del Castillo
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richart
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D015843:Serpins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C432397:ITLN1 protein, human; D037102:Lectins; C507339:SERPINA12 protein, human; D015843:Serpins