title: Diabetes prevalence estimates in schizophrenia and risk factor assessment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atypical antipsychotics have been indirectly associated with the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of T2DM and to examine the risk factors associated with T2DM among outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia. The study also sought to determine which risk factors are of particular screening importance in monitoring the metabolic status of these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 202 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Data on a number of known and hypothesized risk factors for T2DM were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Risk factors for T2DM identified by bivariate analyses in this sample included older age, waist-to-hip ratio >1.0, sedentary lifestyle, number of hours worked per week, hyperlipidemia, previous screening for T2DM, higher random blood glucose, and number of years on atypical antipsychotics risperidone or olanzapine. However, further scrutiny using multiple logistic regression identified only sedentary lifestyle, waist-to-hip ratio ≥1.0, and a diagnosis of hyperlipidemia as significant risk factors in these patients. Similar to other studies, there was an 11.5% (22/192) lifetime prevalence rate of diabetes among this population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk factors traditionally associated with T2DM, as well as waist-to-hip ratio, are the factors most strongly associated with increased risk of diabetes in patients with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Tami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Argo
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carnahan
authors.forename: Mitchell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Timothy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Perry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents