title: Effects of caffeine on sleep and cognition.
abstract: Caffeine can be used effectively to manipulate our mental state. It is beneficial in restoring low levels of wakefulness and in counteracting degraded cognitive task performance due to sleep deprivation. However, caffeine may produce detrimental effects on subsequent sleep, resulting in daytime sleepiness. This justifies a careful consideration of risks related to sleep deprivation in combination with caffeine consumption, especially in adolescents. The efficacy of caffeine to restore detrimental effects of sleep deprivation seems to be partly due to caffeine expectancy and to placebo effects. The claim that stimulant effects of caffeine are related to withdrawal or withdrawal reversal seems to be untenable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychonomics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. J.Snel@uva.nl
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Snel
authors.forename: Monicque M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lorist
mesh_terms: D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D002110:Caffeine