title: Anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6 secreted by activated MSCs attenuates zymosan-induced mouse peritonitis by decreasing TLR2/NF-κB signaling in resident macrophages.
abstract: Human mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (hMSCs) repair tissues and modulate immune systems but the mechanisms are not fully understood. We demonstrated that hMSCs are activated by inflammatory signals to secrete the anti-inflammatory protein, TNF-α-stimulated gene 6 protein (TSG-6) and thereby create a negative feedback loop that reduces inflammation in zymosan-induced peritonitis. The results demonstrate for the first time that TSG-6 interacts through the CD44 receptor on resident macrophages to decrease zymosan/TLR2-mediated nuclear translocation of the NF-κB. The negative feedback loop created by MSCs through TSG-6 attenuates the inflammatory cascade that is initiated by resident macrophages and then amplified by mesothelial cells and probably other cells of the peritoneum. Because inflammation underlies many pathologic processes, including immune responses, the results may explain the beneficial effects of MSCs and TSG-6 in several disease models.
authors.affiliation: Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Institute for Regenerative Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, TX 76502, USA.
authors.forename: Hosoon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ryang Hwa
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nikolay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bazhanov
authors.forename: Joo Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Darwin J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Prockop
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006801:Humans; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015054:Zymosan
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016328:NF-kappa B; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C072273:TNFAIP6 protein, human; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D015054:Zymosan