title: Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of fruits and leaves of paprika (Capsicum Annuum L., var. special) cultivated in Korea.
abstract: The phytochemical composition of carotenoids, tocopherols, free sugars, organic acids, L-ascorbic acid, capsaicinoids, and flavonoids in green and red paprika (GP and RP), and paprika leaves (PL) cultivated in Korea were analyzed. The ethanolic extracts of GP, RP, and PL were obtained with 80% ethanol, and their antioxidative activities were determined by measuring their ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activities. RP showed the highest contents of capsanthin (58.33 ± 3.91 mg/100 g dry weight) and L-ascorbic acid (1987.25 ± 19.64 mg/100 g dry weight), and main compounds of PL were lutein, chlorophyll, and γ-tocopherol (96.91 ± 14.58, 2136.71 ± 21.11, and 723.49 ± 54.10 mg/100 g dry weight, respectively). RP showed the strongest antioxidant activity (IC(50) = 55.23 ± 6.77 μg/mL in a 2, 2'-azino-di-[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulphonate] assay and 150.40 ± 8.07 μg/mL in a 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay), and the antioxidant activity of PL was higher than β-carotene but lower than RP. The results indicate that the amounts of capsanthin and L-ascorbic acid in RP correlate well with antioxidant activity. PL, which has various phytochemicals such as lutein, chlorophyll, and γ-tocopherol, might be used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals for improving human health.
authors.affiliation: Food and Nutrition in Home Economics, College of Natural Sciences, Korea Natl Open Univ, 169 Dongsung-Dong, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-791, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jiyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Sung-Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Bokyung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Tae-Youl
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Suna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000032:analysis; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D002212:Capsicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D014975:Lutein / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000032:analysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000032:analysis; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D010851:Picrates; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D024341:Xanthophylls; D002734:Chlorophyll; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; D002338:Carotenoids; C006889:capsanthin; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D014975:Lutein