title: Glial support of CNS neuronal survival, neurite growth and regeneration.
abstract: In an attempt to identify specific molecular and cellular requirements necessary to support long-term maintenance and differentiation of central neurons we have identified laminin-HSPG and free fibronectin as two major neurite promoting substrate adhesion factors released by immature cerebral astrocytes in serum-free culture. Astrocytes further secrete diffusible neurotrophic protein factor(s) which are permanently required for survival of cultured neurons from various brain regions. However, both the presence of substrate-bound neurite-promoting factors and diffusible neurotrophic activities were not sufficient to support long-term maintenance of central neurons in culture. Cell contact-mediated interactions which appear to be cell type-restricted (e.g. to neurons and astrocytes, but not to fibroblasts) are further required for neuronal stabilization. The implantation of immature astroglial cells into the injured adult CNS should provide a supportive environmental condition for damaged neurons to enhance their recovery and stimulate regenerative responses.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf (F.R.G.).
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Matthiessen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmalenbach
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Schroeder