title: Effect of antibacterial monomer-containing adhesive on enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets: an in-vivo study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of an antibacterial monomer-containing self-etching adhesive in reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets in vivo and to compare it with the conventional adhesive system quantitatively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen orthodontic patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups; they received brackets fitted to all their teeth, bonded with either Clearfil Protect Bond (Kuraray Medical, Okayama, Japan) (experimental group) or Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) (control group). Block randomization to obtain equal numbers in each group was used. After 30 days, all first premolars were extracted with orthodontic indications and longitudinally sectioned. Demineralization was assessed by cross-sectional microhardness. Determinations were made at the bracket edge cementing limits and at occlusal and cervical points 100 and 200 μm away from the edge. In all of these positions, 6 indentations were made at depths of 10 to 90 μm from the enamel surface. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey post-hoc test were used. The statistical significance level was set at P <0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ANOVA showed statistically significant differences for adhesive type, position, depth, and their interactions (P <0.05). The multiple comparison test showed that the antibacterial monomer-containing adhesive was significantly more efficient than the conventional adhesive system, reducing enamel demineralization in almost all evaluations (P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that using antibacterial monomer-containing adhesive for bonding orthodontic brackets successfully inhibited caries in vivo. This cariostatic effect was localized at the area around the brackets and was significant after 30 days.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Turkey. tancanuysal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tancan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Mihri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amasyali
authors.forename: Suat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Alp Erdin
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Koyuturk
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sagdic
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000187:drug effects; D002021:Buffers; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003733:Dental Caries Susceptibility / Q000502:physiology; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000187:drug effects; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000187:drug effects; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; C503075:Clearfil Protect Bond; D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT; C089392:methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide; C030242:phosphoric acid