title: Characterization of nonstructural protein 3 of a neurovirulent Japanese encephalitis virus strain isolated from a pig.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), as a re-emerging virus that causes 10,000-15,000 human deaths from encephalitis in the world each year, has had a significant impact on public health. Pigs are the natural reservoirs of JEV and play an important role in the amplification, dispersal and epidemiology of JEV. The nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) of JEV possesses enzymatic activities of serine protease, helicase and nucleoside 5'-triphosphatase, and plays important roles in viral replication and pathogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We characterized the NS3 protein of a neurovirulent strain of JEV (SH-JEV01) isolated from a field-infected pig. The NS3 gene of the JEV SH-JEV01 strain is 1857 bp in length and encodes protein of approximately 72 kDa with 99% amino acid sequence identity to that of the representative immunotype strain JaGAr 01. The NS3 protein was detectable 12 h post-infection in a mouse neuroblastoma cell line, Neuro-2a, and was distributed in the cytoplasm of cells infected with the SH-JEV01 strain of JEV. In the brain of mice infected with the SH-JEV01 strain of JEV, NS3 was detected in the cytoplasm of neuronal cells, including pyramidal neurons of the cerebrum, granule cells, small cells and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NS3 protein of a neurovirulent strain of JEV isolated from a pig was characterized. It is an approximately 72 kDa protein and distributed in the cytoplasm of infected cells. The Purkinje cell of the cerebellum is one of the target cells of JEV infection. Our data should provide some basic information for the study of the role of NS3 in the pathogenesis of JEV and the immune response.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
authors.forename: Xufang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Zixue
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Shuqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaodu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yafeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Donghua
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Jianchao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Guangzhi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000821:virology; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000821:virology; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D021381:Protein Transport; D020365:RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D043583:Nucleoside-Triphosphatase; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000085242:Viral Proteases
chemical_list: D020365:RNA Helicases; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; C060028:NS3 protein, flavivirus; D043583:Nucleoside-Triphosphatase; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000085242:Viral Proteases