title: Effects of sodium fluoride mouth rinses on the torsional properties of miniscrew implants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) mouth rinse solutions on torsional properties of a miniscrew implant were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  As-received Ti-6Al-4V miniscrew implants (AbsoAnchor [Dentos, Inc., Daigu, Korea]) were immersed in 0.1% or 0.2% NaF mouth rinse solution (pH 5.12 and 5.14, respectively) for 1 hour or 24 hours. Miniscrew implants selected as controls were not immersed. Each implant was subjected to increasing torque until fracture (n = 5 in sample groups). Mean moment and twist angle for fracture were compared using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Surfaces of implants after immersion were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Electron microprobe and micro-x-ray diffraction analyses were performed to obtain composition information about deposits on implant surfaces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pits and cracks formed on the implant surfaces after immersion in both NaF mouth rinse solutions. Corrosion products, probably sodium aluminum fluoride (Na(3)AlF(6)), were observed on the implants after immersion in both NaF solutions for both time periods. There were no significant differences for mean torque (P = 0.063) and twist angle (P = 0.696) at fracture compared with control implants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although titanium alloy miniscrew implants corroded slightly from immersion in 0.1% or 0.2% NaF solutions, mouth rinsing by patients with the same fluoride solution concentrations should not cause deterioration of their torsional performance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muguruma
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Brantley
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: Hee-Moon
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kyung
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003343:Corrosion; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D019415:Torque; D054159:Torsion, Mechanical; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003722:Dental Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants; D009067:Mouthwashes; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D014025:Titanium; D005459:Fluorides