title: Effect of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol and its epimeric derivatives on myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It was reported Panax ginseng had diverse components and multifaceted pharmacological functions. This study aims to investigate the effect of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol (PT, CAS 179799-20-3) and its epimeric derivatives (20S, 24R-epoxy-dammarane-3beta, 6alpha, 12beta, 25-tetraol, PTD1 and 20S, 24S-epoxy-dammarane-3beta, 6alpha, 12beta, 25-tetraol, PTD2) on myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were administered orally 20(S)-protopanaxatriol or its epimeric derivatives for 7 days. Four days after treatment, all rats, except those in the control group, were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol (20 mg/kg) for 3 consecutive days. Two hours after the last isoproterenol injection, the rats were anaesthetized and sacrificed. The biochemical parameters were assayed and pathological examination of the heart tissues was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Administration of PT and PTD1 resulted in a reduction in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. PT and PTD1 Inhibited not only the elevation of malondialdehyde content, but also the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione peroxidase and total antioxIdant capacity. The pathohistological changes induced by isoproterenol were also ameliorated by PT and PTD1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings suggest that PT and PTD1 exerted cardioprotective effects against myocardial ischemic injury by enhancing the anti-free-radical actions of heart tissues. Furthermore the results indicated that the configuration of C-24 of the funan ring was involved in the phannacological action of the epimeric derivatives of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Qingguo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiangfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Naicai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007545:Isoproterenol; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012502:Sapogenins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000975:Antioxidants; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012502:Sapogenins; C081552:protopanaxatriol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D007545:Isoproterenol