title: Histerocystoplasty: a novel surgical procedure in the rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enterocystoplasties are associated to complications. To avoid them, different types of tissue templates have been used to augment the bladder and induce native bladder regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A novel surgical technique for bladder reconstruction using autologous uterine tissue was evaluated in a rat model. Forty-two female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups: sham-operation hysterocystorrhaphy (n = 12), hysterocystoplasty (n = 18), and control (n = 12). Two weeks after surgery, ultrasound examination of the bladder was performed. At 2, 4, or 6 mo after surgery, the rats were anesthetized and blood and urine samples were taken. They were then euthanized and post-mortem and histologic examination were performed. Ultrasound examination, analytical parameters and weight control, as well as gross and histologic examination were performed in all the operated animals. The statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and the extension of Fisher's exact tests. Significance was set at 5% (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum chemistry, blood count and peripheral blood smears, electrolytes, and urinary parameters were all within the normal range for the rat. Histologic sections of the surgically augmented zone between the bladder and uterine horn demonstrated urothelial epithelization, providing adequate coverage of the transition area in 72.22% of the rats that underwent hysterocystoplasty.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hysterocystoplasty was technically viable in all the cases and proved to be an easy and safe surgical model for bladder reconstruction. All animals were healthy after surgery and all systemic parameters analyzed were within normal physiologic range for the rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine, University of Leon, Leon, Spain. lidiadapena@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dapena
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dapena
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Regadera
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: González-Peramato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000637:transplantation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014599:Uterus / Q000637:transplantation*