title: Evaluating sex-pheromone- and kairomone-based lures for attracting codling moth adults in mating disruption versus conventionally managed apple orchards in Pennsylvania.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Effectiveness of different types of commercial sex-pheromone- and kairomone-based lures for attracting codling moth adults may vary under different pest management practices. The attractiveness of four types of codling moth (CM) lures (CM L2 Long-Life(®), CM 10X Megalure(®), Pherocon CM DA(®) and Pherocon CM-DA Combo(®)) was evaluated in commercial apple orchards either treated with sex pheromone mating disruption (MD) or only conventional insecticides (non-MD) in Adams County, Pennsylvania, in 2006 and 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CM DA Combo lure was most effective in terms of mean seasonal weekly moth capture as well as mean cumulative moth capture in MD orchards. In both years, the CM L2 lure was as attractive to adult moths as the CM DA Combo lure in non-MD orchards. The CM DA and CM 10X lures caught significantly fewer moths in both MD and non-MD orchards compared with the CM DA Combo lure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ON the basis of mean seasonal weekly moth capture as well as mean cumulative moth capture, the CM DA Combo and CM L2 lures were found to be significantly more effective for monitoring CM adults in both MD and non-MD orchards. In contrast, the CM DA and CM 10X lures were not as effective in either type of orchard.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. nkj105@psu.edu
authors.forename: Neelendra K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Larry A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.forename: Edwin G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Rajotte
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krawczyk
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bohnenblust
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus / Q000469:parasitology; D009036:Moths; D010414:Pennsylvania; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D012724:Sex Attractants; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal
chemical_list: D012724:Sex Attractants