title: The clinical management of tumour lysis syndrome in haematological malignancies.
abstract: Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) is caused by the disintegration of malignant cells, usually following the instigation of chemotherapy, although it may already be established at the time of initial presentation in a minority of cases. As a direct consequence of malignant cell breakdown, intracellular ions, proteins, nucleic acids and their metabolites are released into the plasma causing the characteristic metabolic abnormalities of TLS; hyperuricaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia and hypocalcaemia. In many cases the release of large amounts intracellular contents is so abrupt that the normal homeostatic mechanisms are rapidly overwhelmed and without prompt, effective management, the clinical effects of TLS soon become apparent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Haematology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK. andrew.will@cmft.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Will
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tholouli
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015275:Tumor Lysis Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014503:Urate Oxidase / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C469709:rasburicase; D000493:Allopurinol; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D014503:Urate Oxidase