title: Effects of ammonium nitrate on larval survival and growth of four Iberian amphibians.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to understand the differences in tolerance to ammonium nitrate in four Iberian amphibians. Results showed a negative effect on amphibian survival and larvae total length. Three different tolerance groups on amphibian survival were established. The two first groups showed a higher reduction, around 90% and between 70 and 80% after 96 h exposition at the maximum concentration tested (180 mg NH₄NO₃/L), while the third group showed no mortality in any concentration tested. In addition, a reduction in larvae total length was also detected for all four species, with Bufo bufo as the most sensitive species.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Campus de las Lagunillas, s/n, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain. engamu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Muñoz
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: Rita Carina
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bicho
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000254:growth & development*; D002023:Bufo bufo / Q000254:growth & development*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D009566:Nitrates / Q000633:toxicity*; D013045:Species Specificity; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D009566:Nitrates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C006568:ammonium nitrate