title: Fifty percent internal slope efficiency femtosecond direct-written Tm³⁺:ZBLAN waveguide laser.
abstract: We report a 790 nm pumped, Tm³⁺ doped ZBLAN glass buried waveguide laser that produces 47 mW at 1880 nm, with a 50% internal slope efficiency and an M² of 1.7. The waveguide cladding is defined by two overlapping rings created by femtosecond direct-writing of the glass, which results in the formation of a tubular depressed-index-cladding structure, and the laser resonator is defined by external dielectric mirrors. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the most efficient laser created in a glass host via femtosecond waveguide writing.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Chemistry & Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia. david.lancaster@adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lancaster
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ebendorff-Heidepriem
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuan
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Monro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ams
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuerbach
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Withford