title: Gingival recession in individuals with cleft lip and palate: prevalence and severity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the prevalence and severity of gingival recession in individuals with cleft lip and alveolus with or without cleft palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 400 individuals with cleft lip and alveolus with or without cleft palate, aged 15 to 49 years, without any previous periodontal treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gingival recession was evaluated by measuring the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the most coronal point on the gingival margin, analyzing the prevalence and scoring its severity as mild (<3 mm), moderate (3 to 4 mm), or severe (4 mm). The prevalence and severity of gingival recession was compared between sextant 2 (cleft sextant) and the mean of the other sextants (1, 3, 4, 5, and 6: noncleft sextants). The relationship between gingival recession in the cleft area and gender was evaluated and data were analyzed statistically. The correlation between gingival recession and age was assessed also.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant gender difference in gingival recession. The prevalence and severity of gingival recession increased with age, and most of the affected teeth were premolars and molars. The cleft area did not present a higher prevalence and severity of gingival recession.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with cleft lip and alveolus with or without cleft palate presented the same prevalence and severity of gingival recession compared with other populations. The area adjacent to the cleft (sextant 2) did not show greater risk of gingival recession than other areas (sextants 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6).
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, and Section of Periodontology, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. analmeida@usp.br
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia Pompéia Fraga
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Luis Augusto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Esper
authors.forename: Thiago Amadei
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Pegoraro
authors.forename: Accácio Lins
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: do Valle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index