title: Protective effects of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the ability of traditional Chinese medicine Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide to prevent bone loss in the ovariectomized rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  PSP was administered intragastrically to the rats. After 35 days, the total body bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed in all of the rats. All sections were processed for immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining (H.E.).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMD was lower in the ovariectomized group (OVX, 0.163 g/cm(2)), the group that received a moderate dose of PSP on OVX animals (OVX+MP, 0.163 g/cm(2)) and the group that received a low dose of PSP on OVX animals (OVX+LP, 0.162 g/cm(2)) than in the sham-operated group (SHAM, 0.180 g/cm(2)), the OVX+E(2) group (OVX+E(2), 0.176 g/cm(2)) and the group that received a high dose of PSP on OVX animals (OVX+HP, 0.174 g/cm(2)) (P<0.05). Clear arrangements of bone trabeculae were observed in the OVX+E(2) and OVX+HP. The expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the OVX, OVX+MP and OVX+LP was down regulated compared to the SHAM, OVX+E(2) and OVX+HP (P<0.05). The rats in the OVX+E(2) and OVX+HP had lower levels of bone Gla protein (BGP), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) expression than the rats in the OVX, OVX+MP and OVX+LP (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This experiment demonstrates that the administration of PSP to ovariectomized rats reverses bone loss and prevents osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, No. 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, PR China.
authors.forename: Gao-Feng
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: De-Qiang
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Chun-Xiang
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Yu-Xi
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shao-Hui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zong
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D031384:Polygonatum / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase