title: IL-17A-dependent CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells promote immune privilege of corneal allografts.
abstract: IL-17A is a proinflammatory cytokine that has received attention for its role in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases. IL-17A has also been implicated in cardiac and renal allograft rejection. Accordingly, we hypothesized that depletion of IL-17A would enhance corneal allograft survival. Instead, our results demonstrate that blocking IL-17A in a mouse model of keratoplasty accelerated the tempo and increased the incidence of allograft rejection from 50 to 90%. We describe a novel mechanism by which CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) respond to IL-17A and enhance corneal allograft survival. Our findings suggest the following: 1) IL-17A is necessary for ocular immune privilege; 2) IL-17A is not required for the induction of anterior chamber-associated immune deviation; 3) Tregs require IL-17A to mediate a contact-dependent suppression; 4) corneal allograft Tregs suppress the efferent arm of the immune response and are Ag specific; 5) Tregs are not required for corneal allograft survival beyond day 30; and 6) corneal allograft-induced Treg-mediated suppression is transient. Our findings identify IL-17A as a cytokine essential for the maintenance of corneal immune privilege and establish a new paradigm whereby interplay between IL-17A and CD4(+)CD25(+) Tregs is necessary for survival of corneal allografts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Khrishen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cunnusamy
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jerry Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Niederkorn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens; D016039:Corneal Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology*; D055633:Immune System Phenomena; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit