title: Selenium bioavailability from naturally produced high-selenium peas and oats in selenium-deficient rats.
abstract: This study determined the bioavailability of selenium (Se) from yellow peas and oats harvested from the high-Se soil of South Dakota, United States. The Se concentrations were 13.5 ± 0.2 and 2.5 ± 0.1 mg/kg (dry weight) for peas and oats, respectively. Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were depleted of Se by feeding them a 30% Torula yeast-based diet (4.1 μg Se/kg) for 56 days, and then they were replenished with Se for an additional 50 days by feeding them the same diet supplemented with 20, 30, or 40 μg Se/kg from peas or oats, respectively. Selenium bioavailability was determined on the basis of the restoration of Se-dependent enzyme activities and tissue Se concentrations in Se-depleted rats, comparing those responses for yellow peas and oats to those for l-selenomethionine (SeMet; used as a reference) by using a slope-ratio method. Dietary supplementation with peas or oats resulted in linear or log-linear, dose-dependent increases in glutathione peroxidase activities in blood and liver and in thioredoxin reductase activity in liver. Supplementation with peas or oats resulted in linear or log-linear, dose-dependent increases in Se concentrations of plasma, liver, gastrocnemius muscle, and kidneys. The overall bioavailability was approximately 88% for Se from yellow peas and 92% from oats, compared to SeMet. It was concluded that Se from naturally produced high-Se yellow peas or oats is highly bioavailable in this model and that these high-Se foods may be a good dietary source of Se.
authors.affiliation: Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2420 Second Avenue North, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202, USA. lin.yan@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: LuAnn K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry*; D001682:Biological Availability; D008297:Male; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012643:Selenium / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D012643:Selenium