title: LPS elicits a much larger and broader inflammatory response than Escherichia coli infection within the hippocampus of neonatal rats.
abstract: An immune challenge during the neonatal period can significantly affect the development of the nervous and immune systems, such that long-term abnormalities in immune function and behavior persist into adulthood. Given that immune activation and individual cytokines have been linked to the etiology of many developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, a complete characterization of the neonatal immune response within the brain is warranted. In this study, rats were treated peripherally on postnatal day (P) 4 with either a live Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), two common models of neonatal immune activation. Inflammatory gene expression was measured within the hippocampus 2 and 24h later. We determined that E. coli and LPS produce very distinct inflammatory profiles within the brain. Infection with E. coli produced a robust, yet relatively IL-1 pathway focused activation of the neonatal immune system within the brain, while LPS produced a very broad and robust immune response within the brain. This analysis also identified common inflammatory genes up-regulated by both E. coli and LPS treatment.
authors.affiliation: Duke University, Psychology and Neuroscience Department, USA. jaclyn.schwarz@duke.edu
authors.forename: Jaclyn M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Staci D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Bilbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides