title: Fenthion and terbufos induce DNA damage, the expression of tumor-related genes, and apoptosis in HEPG2 cells.
abstract: This study investigates the effects of fenthion and terbufos, two organophosphorous pesticides, on DNA damage, tumor-related gene expression, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells. We found that exposure to concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 μM of fenthion and terbufos for 2 hr caused significant death in HepG2 cells. Both compounds induced DNA damage in a concentration-dependent manner as measured using the alkaline comet assay. Tumor-related genes (jun, myc, and fos) and apoptosis-related genes (socs3, tnfaip3, ppp1r15a, and nr4a1) were up-regulated by both compounds. Finally, both compounds induced apoptosis. The results demonstrate that both terbufos and fenthion induce DNA damage and should be considered potentially hazardous to humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jong-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: You-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hseu
authors.forename: Jui-Shan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Lei-Chin
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Soi M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Chye
authors.forename: Chin-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ssu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ching Chen
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D005284:Fenthion / Q000633:toxicity*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D005284:Fenthion; C012568:terbufos