title: Detecting RNA viruses in living mammalian cells by fluorescence microscopy.
abstract: Traditional methods that rely on viral isolation and culture techniques continue to be the gold standards used for detection of infectious viral particles. However, new techniques that rely on visualization of live cells can shed light on understanding virus-host interaction for early stage detection and potential drug discovery. Live-cell imaging techniques that incorporate fluorescent probes into viral components provide opportunities for understanding mRNA expression, interaction, and virus movement and localization. Other viral replication events inside a host cell can be exploited for non-invasive detection, such as single-virus tracking, which does not inhibit viral infectivity or cellular function. This review highlights some of the recent advances made using these novel approaches for visualization of viral entry and replication in live cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sivaraman
authors.forename: Payal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: Lakshmi N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Cella
authors.forename: Marylynn V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.forename: Wilfred
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D014773:Virology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes