title: [The effect of treadmill exercise on ischemic neuronal injury in the stroke animal model: potentiation of cerebral vascular integrity].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to identify whether pre-conditioning exercise has neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia, through enhance brain microvascular integrity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: 1) Normal (n=10); 2) Exercise (n=10); 3) Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), n=10); 4) Exercise+MCAo (n=10). Both exercise groups ran on a treadmill at a speed of 15 m/min, 30 min/day for 4 weeks, then, MCAo was performed for 90 min. Brain infarction was measured by Nissl staining. Examination of the remaining neuronal cell after MCAo, and microvascular protein expression on the motor cortex, showed the expression of Neuronal Nuclei (NeuN), Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) & laminin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 48 hr of MCAo, the infarct volume was significantly reduced in the Ex+MCAo group (15.6±2.7%) compared to the MCAo group (44.9±3.8%) (p<.05), and many neuronal cells were detected in the Ex+MCAo group (70.8±3.9%) compared to the MCAo group (43.4±5.1%) (p<.05). The immunoreactivity of laminin, as a marker of microvessels and Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were intensively increased in the Ex+MCAo group compared to the MCAo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the neuroprotective effects of exercise pre-conditioning reduce ischemic brain injury through strengthening the microvascular integrity after cerebral ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Mokpo Catholic University, Mokpo, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung Ah
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hohyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: Han-Byeol
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jongmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jongmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Youn Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007797:Laminin; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A