title: The Nse2/Mms21 SUMO ligase of the Smc5/6 complex in the maintenance of genome stability.
abstract: There exist three highly-conserved structural maintenance of chromosomes (Smc) complexes that ensure genome stability during eukaryotic cell division. There are the well-characterized cohesin and condensin complexes and the third Smc complex, Smc5/6. Nse2/Mms21, a SUMO ligase, is a component of the Smc5/6 complex and recent data have indicated that Nse1 may function as a ubiquitin ligase. Smc5/6 regulates sister chromatid cohesion, homologous recombination and chromatin structure and conformation. This review examines the functions of Smc5/6 in DNA repair and the maintenance of genomic integrity and explores the roles of the associated SUMO and ubiquitin ligases. Recent findings have indicated that Smc5/6 may play a topological role in chromosome dynamics, which may help understand the complexity of its activities.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Chromosome Biology, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Anna K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Stephan
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kliszczak
authors.forename: Ciaran G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Morrison
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004260:DNA Repair; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; C432931:SMC5 protein, human; C432932:SMC6 protein, human; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D004247:DNA; D008025:Ligases; C503501:NSMCE2 protein, human