title: Natural co-infection of torque teno virus and porcine circovirus 2 in the reproductive apparatus of swine.
abstract: This work aimed to detect and study natural co-infection of Circoviridae torque teno virus (TTV) and porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) in the swine reproductive apparatus. Semen and organs from 17 boars were tested by nested and real-time PCR. PCV2 was amplified from semen (47%), lymph nodes (84.6%) and testicles (35.3%). TTV2 was amplified from 16/17 testis and 13/13 lymph nodes. TTV1 DNA was detected in fewer testicle samples (2/17), which were also TTV2 positive. Analyzed ovaries, follicular fluid and uteri of 83 culled sows showed TTV2, TTV1 and PCV2 from 49.3%, 30.1% and 6.0% of the sows, respectively. Sperm analysis indicated insignificant differences between PCV2 and TTVs positive and negative boars. The most frequent pathologic lesion in sows was endometritis (28.9%), but this was unassociated with PCV2 or TTVs detection. These findings question the importance of PCV2 and TTV2 natural co-infection in the pathology of porcine reproductive failures.
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Swine and Poultry Research Center, Animal Health Laboratory, Concordia, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Giseli A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ritterbusch
authors.forename: Camila A Sa
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mores
authors.forename: Neide L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Eraldo L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Zanella
authors.forename: Arlei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coldebella
authors.forename: Janice R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ciacci-Zanella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017925:Circovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D012661:Semen / Q000821:virology; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D022783:Torque teno virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*