title: Effects of strength training on neuromuscular facial rehabilitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Physical trauma is the third leading cause of facial nerve damage, which can disrupt communication, social interaction and emotional expression. The objective of this report was to investigate the effects of facial muscle exercise as a stand-alone treatment in a young adult with unilateral facial nerve damage 13-years post-onset.
  
  
  METHODS
  This single case study examines the long-term results of a 7-week intensive facial exercise programme followed by a 16-week moderate facial exercise programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intensive exercise increased facial strength and upper lip elevation on the affected side and upper and lower lip strength on the affected and non-affected sides. With subsequent moderate exercise followed by 24 weeks of rest, strength was maintained but not increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With intensive facial exercise, muscle weakness resulting from facial nerve damage sustained during childhood can be improved years after injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Washington State University Spokane, USA.
authors.forename: Emily S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Nancy L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Kayla D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Rambo
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Short
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053580:Muscle Strength; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult