title: A grape polyphenol extract modulates muscle membrane fatty acid composition and lipid metabolism in high-fat--high-sucrose diet-fed rats.
abstract: Accumulation of muscle TAG content and modification of muscle phospholipid fatty acid pattern may have an impact on lipid metabolism, increasing the risk of developing diabetes. Some polyphenols have been reported to modulate lipid metabolism, in particular those issued from red grapes. The present study was designed to determine whether a grape polyphenol extract (PPE) modulates skeletal muscle TAG content and phospholipid fatty acid composition in high-fat-high-sucrose (HFHS) diet-fed rats. Muscle plasmalemmal and mitochondrial fatty acid transporters, GLUT4 and lipid metabolism pathways were also explored. The PPE decreased muscle TAG content in HFHS/PPE diet-fed rats compared with HFHS diet-fed rats and induced higher proportions of n-3 PUFA in phospholipids. The PPE significantly up-regulated GLUT4 mRNA expression. Gene and protein expression of muscle fatty acid transporter cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) was increased in HFHS diet-fed rats but returned to control values in HFHS/PPE diet-fed rats. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 protein expression was decreased with the PPE. Mitochondrial β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase was increased in HFHS diet-fed rats and returned to control values with PPE supplementation. Lipogenesis, mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial activity were not affected by the PPE. In conclusion, the PPE modulated membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition and decreased muscle TAG content in HFHS diet-fed rats. The PPE lowered CD36 gene and protein expression, probably decreasing fatty acid transport and lipid accumulation within skeletal muscle, and increased muscle GLUT4 expression. These effects of the PPE are in favour of a better insulin sensibility.
authors.affiliation: INRA UMR, Dynamique Musculaire et Métabolisme, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Manar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoun
authors.forename: Francoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fouret
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schlernitzauer
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ollendorff
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wrutniak-Cabello
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cristol
authors.forename: Marie-Annette
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Carbonneau
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coudray
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feillet-Coudray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059808:Polyphenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018955:CD36 Antigens; C008132:Cd36 protein, rat; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat