title: In vitro activity of amphotericin B cochleates against Leishmania chagasi.
abstract: Cochleate delivery vehicles are a novel lipid-based system with potential for delivery of amphotericin B (AmB). In this study, the efficacy of cochleates was evaluated by examining the in vitro activity of AmB cochleates (CAMB) against Leishmania chagasi in a macrophage model of infection. We demonstrate that CAMB is nontoxic to macrophages at concentrations as high as 2.5 μg/mL, whereas the conventional formulation, AmB deoxycholate, showed high toxicity at this concentration. The in vitro activity of CAMB against L. chagasi was found to be similar to that of the reference drug AmB deoxycholate, with ED50s of 0.017 μg/mL and 0.021 μg/mL, respectively. Considering that L. chagasi affects organs amenable to cochleate-mediated delivery of AmB, we hypothesize that CAMB will be an effective lipid system for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil.
authors.forename: Aretha Molina
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sesana
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monti-Rocha
authors.forename: Solange Alves
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Vinhas
authors.forename: Carlos Gustavo
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Morais
authors.forename: Reynaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dietze
authors.forename: Elenice Moreira
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lemos
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000187:drug effects*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000469:parasitology*; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D000666:Amphotericin B