title: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic gastric bypass are equally effective for reduction of cardiovascular risk in severely obese patients at one year of follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Very few studies have compared laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) outcomes or analyzed improvement in cardiovascular risk (CVR) after bariatric surgery. None of the studies considered the Mediterranean population. Our primary objective was to compare the 10-year estimated CVR reduction achieved by LRYGB and LSG in Spanish subjects with severe obesity. The secondary objectives were to compare the techniques in terms of weight loss and co-morbidity improvement. The study was performed at a university hospital in Barcelona, Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-month prospective cohort study of 140 consecutive patients (95 LRYGB and 45 LSG) compared the 2 surgical intervention groups to study the percentage of excess weight loss, resolution and improvement/resolution of co-morbidities, and effect on CVR using both the Framingham risk score (FRS) and the Registre Gironí del Cor (REGICOR) model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 12 months, the overall CVR decreased from 6.6% to 3.4% using the FRS and from 3.7% to 1.9% using the REGICOR score. Neither model found a difference between the 2 surgical intervention groups in decreased postoperative CVR risk, with a FRS of 3.4% ± 2.2% for LRYGB versus 3.3% ± 2.1% for LSG (P = .872) and a REGICOR score of 1.9% ± 1.5% versus 1.8% ± 1.6%, respectively (P = .813). No differences were observed in the percentage of excess weight loss or the resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The hypercholesterolemia improvement/resolution rate was lower in the LSG group than in the LRYGB group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bariatric surgery reduces the estimated CVR by one half at 1 year after surgery. Except for the less-improved cholesterol metabolism, LSG, a restrictive technique, proved to be equally as effective at 1 year of follow-up as LRYGB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitari del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. 96002@hospitaldelmar.cat
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benaiges
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goday
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ramon
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pera
authors.forename: Juan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss