title: Mandibular tubercle resection: a means of maximizing the benefits of reduction mandibuloplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A square mandible is considered unattractive in Asia; as a result, mandibular reduction is the most common type of operation performed. The authors review the importance of mandibular tubercles in the lower margin of the parasymphysis area and introduce their resection techniques and results.
  
  
  METHODS
  From April of 2005 to September of 2009, 178 patients underwent tubercle resection in the parasymphyseal area. The procedures used were as follows: mandibular angle reduction in 139, genioplasty in 39, and mandibular angle reduction with simultaneous malar reduction in 58 patients. In the chin area, horizontal osteotomy was performed in 35 patients to reduce chin length. Other patients underwent mandibular tubercle resection and burring.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the exception of one patient who developed hyperesthesia in the left lower lip 2 years after the procedure, all patients achieved satisfactory aesthetic results after mandibular tubercle resection and concurrent mandibular reduction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors consider mandibular tubercle resection, either as a single procedure or combined with mandible reduction, essential for patients who require a slimmer, more feminine lower face.
authors.affiliation: Suwon and Seoul, Republic of Korea From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, and the Romian Plastic Surgery Clinic.
authors.forename: Myong Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Minbum
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyoseob
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Il Jae
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002680:Chin / Q000601:surgery*; D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult