title: Theory-driven intervention improves calcium intake, osteoporosis knowledge, and self-efficacy in community-dwelling older Black adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness of an osteoporosis education program to improve calcium intake, knowledge, and self-efficacy in community-dwelling older Black adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized repeated measures experimental design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Churches and community-based organizations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men and women (n = 110) 50 years old and older from 3 south Florida counties.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants randomly assigned to either of 2 groups: Group 1 (experimental group) or Group 2 (wait-list control group). Group 1 participated in 6 weekly education program sessions immediately following baseline assessment, and Group 2 started the program following Group 1's program completion. A tested curriculum was adapted to meet the needs of the target population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary calcium intake, osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs, and self-efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive and summary statistics, repeated measures analysis of variance, and regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total participants, 84.6% completed the study (mean age = 70.2 years). Overall, an educational program developed with a theoretical background was associated with improvement in calcium intake, knowledge, and self-efficacy, with no effect on most health belief subscales. Assigned group was the major predictor of change in calcium intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A theory-driven approach is valuable in improving behavior to promote bone health in this population. Health professionals should consider using more theory-driven approaches in intervention studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Science, College of Human Ecology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA. babatundeo@ecu.edu
authors.forename: Oyinlola T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Babatunde
authors.forename: Susan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Himburg
authors.forename: Frederick L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campa
authors.forename: Zisca
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017145:Models, Educational; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012112:Residential Facilities; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary