title: Laparoendoscopic single-site extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: initial experience in 10 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent technical advances and a trend toward laparoscopic single incision surgery have led us to explore the feasibility of laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) hernia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present our technique and initial experience with LESS extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair in 10 consecutive men with unilateral inguinal hernias. Age range was 43.7 (28-64) years. Mean body mass index was 28 (range 24-30). Six were left inguinal hernias. There were six indirect and four direct hernias. Three patients had undergone previous open appendectomy. Incarcerated or bilateral hernias were excluded from our initial series. All cases were performed by three surgeons who were experienced in conventional totally extraperitoneal laparoscopic hernia repair as well as experienced in LESS. A literature review of current single-port inguinal hernia repair data is also presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean operative time was 53 minutes (range 45-65  min). The average length of skin incision was 2.8  cm (range 2.3-3.2  cm). No drain was necessary in any of the patients, while no recordable bleeding was observed. There were no intraoperative or immediate postoperative complications. Hospitalization period was 2 days for all patients. After a limited follow-up of 1 month, there have been no recurrences and no complaints of testicular pain. The results of the current series compare favorably with those found in a literature review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LESS extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair is both feasible and safe, although more technically demanding than its conventional laparoscopic counterpart. Although the cosmetic result with the former approach may prove superior, there are standing questions regarding the complications and long-term outcome. Randomized and if possible blinded trials that compare conventional and single-incision laparoscopic hernia repair may help to distinguish the most advantageous technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Minh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liatsikos
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beatty
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haefner
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kallidonis
authors.forename: Jens-Uwe
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Stolzenburg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019990:Perioperative Care; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing