title: Sensitivity of Xanthoria parietina to UV-A: role of metabolic modulators.
abstract: Effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA) or 2-aminoindane-2-phosphonic acid (AIP) pre-treatments on the sensitivity of Xanthoria parietina exposed to UV-A were studied. UV decreased chlorophylls and stimulated increase in hydrogen peroxide and superoxide level. Accumulation of soluble phenols and flavonoids increased in response to UV treatment. Metabolic modulators had negligible impact on these UV-induced changes. Within free amino acids, AIP (-UV variant) and SA and MeJA (+UV variants) altered their accumulation. AIP had no effect on the amount of phenylalanine. Benzoic and cinnamic acids were elevated by UV and mainly MeJA influenced their accumulations. Among lichen specific metabolites, vulpinic acid and ergosterol increased while usnic acid and atranorin decreased after exposure to UV; accumulation of parietin was not affected. Applied modulators showed a different effect on these lichen metabolites but biosynthetic pathway-specific trend of alteration was visible. Overall, MeJA showed the most pronounced effect among studied parameters. Accumulation of selected phenolics in response to UV-A seems to be an important feature of Xanthoria tolerance. Present finding in the context of phenolic metabolism in non-vascular plants and with respect to limited data about effect of studied modulators on non-vascular plants are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Mánesova 23, 041 67 Košice, Slovak Republic. jozkovacik@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kováčik
authors.forename: Bořivoj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klejdus
authors.forename: František
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stork
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malčovská
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D019817:Benzoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism; D007189:Indans; D008011:Lichens / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: C411146:2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid; D000085:Acetates; D000596:Amino Acids; D002934:Cinnamates; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005419:Flavonoids; D007189:Indans; D063065:Organophosphonates; D054883:Oxylipins; D010636:Phenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C029010:cinnamic acid; D002734:Chlorophyll; D019817:Benzoic Acid; C072239:methyl jasmonate; D020156:Salicylic Acid