title: Development of long-term stable partial nitrification and subsequent anammox process.
abstract: The partial nitrification reactor was successfully started up and operated stably for more than 250 days with a maximum nitrite production rate of 1.12 kg-Nm(-3)day(-1). The important factors for successful partial nitrification were high ammonium loading rate (>1.0 kg-Nm(-3)day(-1)) and relatively high pH (ca. 8.0), giving high free ammonia concentrations (>10mg NH(3)-NL(-1)). In addition, the air flow rate must be controlled at the ratio of air flow rate to ammonium loading rate below 0.1 (m(air)(3)day(-1))/(kg-Nm(-3)day(-1)). After the establishment of stable partial nitrification, the effluent NO(2)(-)-N/NH(4)(+)-N ratio and effluent NO(3)(-)-N concentration were 1.20 ± 0.33 and 1.2 ± 1.0mg-NL(-1), respectively, which was then fed into an granular-sludge anammox reactor. Consistent nitrogen removal was achieved for more than 250 days with a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 15.0 kg-TNm(-3)day(-1).
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan. sokabe@eng.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oshiki
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satoh
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D018441:Biofilms; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D058465:Nitrification; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D012995:Solubility; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen