title: Amphetamine induced dopamine release increases anxiety in individuals recovered from anorexia nervosa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Genetic, pharmacologic, and physiological data suggest that individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) have altered striatal dopamine (DA) function.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used an amphetamine challenge and positron emission tomography [(11) C]raclopride paradigm to explore DA striatal transmission in 10 recovered (REC) AN compared with 9 control women (CW).
  
  
  RESULTS
  REC AN and CW were similar for baseline, postamphetamine [(11) C]raclopride binding potential (BP(ND) ) and change (Δ) in BP(ND) for all regions. In CW, ventral striatum Δ BP(ND) was associated with euphoria (r = -0.76; p = 0.03), which was not found for REC AN. Instead, REC AN showed a significant relationship between anxiety and Δ BP(ND) in the precommissural dorsal caudate (r = -0.62, p = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  REC AN have a positive association between endogenous DA release and anxiety in the dorsal caudate. This finding could explain why food-related DA release produces anxiety in AN, whereas feeding is pleasurable in healthy participants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Biological Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Ursula F
authors.initials: UF
authors.lastname: Bailer
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Narendran
authors.forename: W Gordon
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Frankle
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Himes
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duvvuri
authors.forename: Chester A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mathis
authors.forename: Walter H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kaye
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005059:Euphoria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D000661:Amphetamine; D004298:Dopamine