title: [Assessment of dietary iodine intake of population in non-high-iodine areas in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the potential risk of dietary iodine insufficiency of population in non-high-iodine areas (water iodine < 150 microg/L) in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dietary iodine intake of 13 age-sex population groups were estimated by combining the data of iodine intake from food, table salt and drinking water. Two conditions were considered: consuming iodized salt or non-iodized salt. The data of food and table salt consumption were derived from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002. Water consumption was calculated as the recommended water intake. Iodine contents of food, table salt and water were calculated from China Food Composition Table and iodine surveillance data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under the condition of consuming iodized salt, the average iodine intake of all population groups was higher than the Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI), while the iodine intakes of individuals above Upper Limits (UL) and below RNI were 5.8% and 13.4% respectively, and the iodine intake of individuals lower than the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) was 9.4% in adults above 18 years of age (including pregnant and lactating women). If non-iodized salt was consumed, the average iodine intake of most sex-age population groups was higher than RNI, but the iodine intake of 97.6% of individuals would be lower than RNI, while the iodine intake of 97.4% of adults would be lower than EAR. The contribution of iodine from table salt was much higher than that from drinking water and food in the condition of consuming iodized salt, while food was the predominant contributor of dietary iodine in the condition of consuming non-iodized salt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The health risk of iodine deficiency was higher than that of iodine excess in areas where water iodine was < 150 p.g/L in China, and the risk of iodine insufficiency was much higher if non-iodized salt was consumed. Iodized salt should be the main sources of dietary iodine intake for population in areas where water iodine was < 150 microg/L in China.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, China CDC, Beijing. xiaoyujoyce@gmail.com
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Fengqin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhaoping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Weifeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Sana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Weixing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Junshi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000172:deficiency; D008297:Male; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C034024:iodized salt; D007455:Iodine