title: Epstein-Barr virus-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the hypopharynx.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is commonly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma, but association with hypopharyngeal and laryngeal tumours is rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of an EBV-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the hypopharynx.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 63-year-old male patient suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia presented with swallowing disorders and a sore throat. Panendoscopy with laser surgical resection of tissue specimens was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemical and molecular genetic diagnostics, including EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization, confirmed the diagnosis of an EBV-associated DLBCL of the hypopharynx. Ten weeks after the diagnosis, the patient died of disease related to multiple complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We hypothesize that the EBV infection was triggered by long-term immunosuppressive therapy that led secondarily to the development of a DLBCL. Otorhinolaryngologists should keep in mind that lymphomas might develop in the entire pharynx.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Germany. ccordes@hno.uni-kiel.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cordes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tiemann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tiemann
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Knappe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gottschlich
mesh_terms: D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056144:Pyriform Sinus / Q000821:virology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed