title: Pramlintide and the treatment of diabetes: a review of the data since its introduction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postprandial glucose excursions negatively affect glycemic control and markers of cardiovascular health. Pramlintide, an amylinomimetic, is approved for treatment of elevated postprandial glucose levels in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search of PubMed was conducted to locate articles (up to January 2011) pertaining to original preclinical and clinical research and reviews of amylin and pramlintide. Additional sources were selected from reference lists within articles obtained through the original literature search and from the internet. This article describes the known effects of endogenous amylin and the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of pramlintide. Drug-drug interactions and safety and tolerability are also reviewed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pramlintide significantly reduces hemoglobin A(1c) and body weight in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Newer research is focusing on weight loss effects of pramlintide and pramlintide plus metreleptin in nondiabetic obese individuals. Preliminary results of these studies are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Younk
authors.forename: Maia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikeladze
authors.forename: Stephen N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; C105254:pramlintide