title: Lipid profile, apolipoprotein A-I and oxidative stress in professional footballers, sedentary individuals, and their relatives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether lipid profile (LP), apolipoprotein A-1 (apo A-I) and malondialdehyde (MDA) have any relationship with physical exercise by comparing the groups of footballers (FG) with sedentary individuals (CG) and their relatives (RFG and RCG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty individuals from FG and CG, 60 from RFG, and 57 from RCG were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FG showed lower levels of total cholesterol (119.5 ± 37.9 mg/dL), LDL-cholesterol fraction (53.6 ± 30.3), apo A-I (116.7 ± 11.9), and higher level of HDL-cholesterol fraction (HDLc) (49.7 ± 8.5) compared to RFG (148.3 ± 36.9, P = 0.02; 82.4 ± 37.7, P < 0.01; 124.6 ± 10.2, P = 0.03; and 42.7 ± 7.7, P < 0.01; respectively). Moreover, FG had reduced levels of MDA (101.0 ± 77.0 ng/mL) compared to CG (290.0 ± 341.0, P = 0.03) and RFG (209.9 ± 197.5, P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest an association between physical exercise and lower levels of MDA in FG. Physical activity seems to promote beneficial effects on the LP regardless of the genetic influence considering HDLc levels.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Department, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline Margioti
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zanella
authors.forename: Marcelo Arruda
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nakazone
authors.forename: Marcela Augusta Souza
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pinhel
authors.forename: Dorotéia Rossi Silva
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Souza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D008055:Lipids; D008315:Malondialdehyde