title: Patients with anemia on admission who have undergone primary angioplasty for ST elevation myocardial infarction: in-hospital and long-term clinical outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the in-hospital and long-term follow-up (mean 21 months) results of patients with and without anemia on admission and who have undergone primary angioplasty for ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2509 patients (616 patients with anemia on admission, 1893 patients without anemia on admission), who were treated with primary angioplasty due to STEMI, were included in this study. Demographics and basic clinical features of the patients, outcomes of the primary angioplasty procedures, and clinical course of the patients during and a mean period of 21-month follow-up after hospitalization were retrospectively evaluated. All the parameters were compared between anemic and nonanemic groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients in anemic group was found to be higher than nonanemic group (61.5 ± 11.4 vs. 54.8 ± 11.4, P<0.001). The rates of death, major cardiac events, and severe cardiac insufficiency were significantly higher in anemic patients during hospitalization period. Moreover, frequency of death was also higher in anemic patients when compared with the nonanemic ones after a mean follow-up period of 21 months (P<0.001). Anemia on admission is an independent predictive factor for mortality in patients with STEMI who were treated with primary angioplasty (odds ratio: 2.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.2-4.0; P<0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with anemia on admission initially have high-risk profiles regarding their worse clinical outcomes during and 21 months after hospitalization. In accordance with the suggestion of the evidence-based medicine we conclude that etiology of anemia should be meticulously investigated and the oxygenization of the tissue should be provided with the appropriate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Dr Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. erkayh@gmail.com
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ayhan
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aycicek
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uyarel
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ergelen
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cicek
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gul
authors.forename: Damirbek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Osmonov
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bozbay
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ugur
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Işik
authors.forename: Tuna
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tezel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010343:Patient Admission; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey