title: Soluble receptor of advanced glycated endproducts is associated with plaque vulnerability in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The roles of soluble and endogenous secretory receptors for advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE and esRAGE, respectively) in plaque vulnerability are unknown in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We enrolled 54 patients with AMI (27 patients had type 2 diabetes mellitus [DM]) who had undergone primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and 54 controls who were matched for age, gender and the presence of DM. Plasma levels of s/esRAGE and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were measured at the time of coronary angiography. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics of the AMI and control groups, except for the C-reactive protein levels (CRP: 14.1 ± 14.2 mg/L vs. 3.7 ± 5.2 mg/L, P < 0.001). The plasma levels of MMP-9 (28.6 ± 21.4 vs. 14.3 ± 8.5 ng/ml P < 0.001) and sRAGE (0.61 ± 0.28 vs. 0.41 ± 0.17 ng/ml, P < 0.001) were higher in the AMI group than in the controls. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the plasma levels of MMP-9 and sRAGE above the median (odds ratio [OR], 2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-5.58; P = 0.044; OR, 2.47; 95%CI, 1.05-5.80; P = 0.039, respectively) were independent predictors of AMI, as well as being a current smoker (OR, 2.98; 95%CI, 1.18-7.55; P = 0.021) and CRP ≥ 3.0 mg/L (OR, 3.08; 95%CI, 1.25-7.59; P = 0.015).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An elevated plasma level of sRAGE might be independently associated with plaque vulnerability, as well as MMP-9, in patients with AMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, College of Medicine, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hun-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ju-Yeol
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Woo Seung
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Dong-Bin
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Dong Il
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Yoon Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Suk Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Jae-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Uhm
authors.forename: Tae Hoon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chan Joon
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Pum Joon
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kiyuk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Wook Sung
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Ki-Bae
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Seung
authors.forename: Jong Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9