title: Postoperative pain after conventional laparoscopy and laparoendoscopic single site surgery (LESS) for benign adnexal disease: a randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare postoperative pain after laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) approach with conventional multiaccess laparoscopy (LPS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Benign adnexal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postoperative pain was measured by using the visual analog scale (VAS) at 20 minutes, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 8 hours after surgery. The need for postoperative rescue doses of analgesia was also recorded.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pain after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 60 patients were enrolled. Within 8 hours, patients who underwent conventional LPS complained of statistically significant greater postoperative pain at VAS evaluation than those undergoing LESS, both at rest and after Valsalva maneuver, with a higher need for rescue analgesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LESS provides an advantage over conventional multiaccess LPS in terms of postoperative pain and need for rescue analgesia, with similar perioperative outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. anna.fagotti@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fagotti
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bottoni
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vizzielli
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gueli Alletti
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scambia
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marana
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fanfani
mesh_terms: D000291:Adnexal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult