title: Analysis of thigh muscle stiffness from childhood to adulthood using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnetic resonance elastography has been performed in healthy and pathological muscles in order to provide clinicians with quantitative muscle stiffness data. However, there is a lack of data on pediatric muscle. Therefore, the present work studies age-related changes of the mechanical properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 healthy subjects composed of 7 children (8-12 years), 9 young adults (24-29 years) and 10 middle-aged adults (53-58 years) underwent a magnetic resonance elastography test. Shear modulus (μ) and its spatial distribution, as well as the attenuation coefficient (α) were measured on the vastus medialis muscle at rest and at contracted conditions (10% and 20% of the maximum voluntary contraction) for each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The shear modulus linearly increases with the degree of contraction for young adults while it is maximum at 10% of the maximum voluntary contraction for children (μ_(children_10%)=14.9kPa (SD 2.18)) and middle-aged adults (μ_(middle-aged_10%)=10.42kPa (SD 1.38)). Mapping of shear modulus revealed a diffuse distribution of colors reflecting differences in muscle physiological activity as a function of age. The attenuation coefficient showed a similar behavior for all groups, i.e. a decrease from the relaxed to the contracted states.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that the magnetic resonance elastography technique is sensitive enough to detect changes in muscle mechanical properties for children, middle-aged and young adults and could provide clinicians with a muscle reference data base as a function of age, improving the diagnosis of muscular dystrophy.
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics and Bioengineery Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, France.
authors.forename: Laëtitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Debernard
authors.forename: Ludovic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Charleux
authors.forename: Sabine F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Bensamoun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000473:pathology; D033081:Shear Strength; D013848:Thigh / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D055815:Young Adult