title: Demographic and clinical characteristics and risk factors for infantile hemangioma: a Chinese case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the demographic and clinical features of infantile hemangioma in China; to learn in more detail the risk factors for developing this disease; and to identify clinical characteristics associated with complications, associated risks, and the need for systemic treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study of 1832 prospectively enrolled children with hemangiomas and 1832 controls matched for age, sex, region, and hospital attending the dermatology department between 2005 and 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two large hospitals in central south China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1832 children with hemangiomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic and clinical presentations were summarized and compared with data from previous studies of hemangiomas. Predictive clinical factors for complications and/or treatment and potential risk factors for infantile hemangioma were analyzed by logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical features of our study patients were different from those of other race/ethnicity groups reported by previous studies with regard to the morphologic subtypes, complications, and predictors for complications and/or oral corticosteroid treatment. After adjustment, significant risk factors for hemangiomas included lower level of maternal education (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57-0.66), mother engaged in manual labor (OR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.12-1.48), multiple gestation (OR, 1.20; 95% CI,1.05-1.36), maternal medication use during the periconceptional period (OR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.88-2.31), and a positive family history of hemangiomas (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.40-1.72).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Besides yielding several new findings with respect to risk factors for hemangiomas, the current study also suggests that the Chinese clinical features of hemangiomas are somewhat different epidemiologically from those in the West.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Rd, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Queping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Yehong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongfu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors