title: Quadripolar Left Ventricular Lead in a Patient with CRT-D Does Not Overcome Phrenic Nerve Stimulation.
abstract: Effective cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) requires an accurate atrio-biventricular pacing system. The innovative Quartet lead is a quadripolar, over-the-wire left ventricular lead with four electrodes and has recently been designed to provide more options and greater control in pacing vector selection. A lead with multiple pacing electrodes is a potential alternative to physical adjustment of the lead and may help to overcome high thresholds and phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS).
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Location Giessen, Germany. Helfmann-Park 1, 65760 Eschborn, Germany.
authors.forename: Mariana S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Parahuleva
authors.forename: Ritvan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chasan
authors.forename: Nedim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soydan
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neuhof
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tillmanns
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Erdogan