title: Layered hydrogel of poly(γ-glutamic acid), sodium alginate, and chitosan: fluorescence observation of structure and cytocompatibility.
abstract: In this study, a novel layered hydrogel composing of poly (γ-glutamic acid) (PGA), chitosan (CS), and alginate (AL) were prepared. Furthermore, PGA, CS, and AL were labeled with different fluorescent dyes. The bilayer structure of hydrogel was then revealed using these fluorescent labeled polymers. To mimic the stability of these hydrogels in physiological fluids, the dissolution of PGA and the release of Ca2+ from these hydrogels in normal saline were also monitored. The results showed that by adding CS to the hydrogel, the dissolution of PGA was decreased by 67%, and the release of Ca2+ was reduced by 40%. In addition, the hydrogel exhibited no cytotoxicity for L929 fibroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yen-Hsien
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jung-Jhih
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Wen-Fu
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Ming-Chien
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chiang-Ting
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D011099:Polyglutamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012996:Solutions; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020100:Hydrogels; D011108:Polymers; D012996:Solutions; C511775:poly(gamma-glutamic acid); D011099:Polyglutamic Acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D048271:Chitosan; D002118:Calcium