title: Single incision endoscopic surgery for gynaecomastia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical excision has been an effective treatment for gynaecomastia. Recently, there has been a shift from the open approach to minimally invasive techniques. In this report we describe our technique which includes endoscopic excision and/or liposuction of gynaecomastia via a single lateral chest wall incision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 2007 and April 2010, a total of 12 gynaecomastia patients were treated with liposuction and/or endoscopic excision. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group I; liposuction only, group II; endoscopic excision plus liposuction and group III; endoscopic excision only. One 15 mm incision was made laterally at the anterior axillary line. A vacuum assisted liposuction removing the fatty tissue was performed. Then endoscopic excision of the remaining fibroglandular tissue was done under vision through the same incision. The parynchyma was then dissected into small pieces and pulled out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group I had liposuction only (n = 4), group II had liposuction combined with endoscopic excision (n = 7) (58%) while group III had endoscopic excision only (n = 1). The mean operative time for liposuction and endoscopic excision was 58 min for each side. Mean hospital stay was 1.4 days. Postoperative complications included infection with abscess formation and one patient had seroma. Mean follow-up was 56 weeks. Eleven out of twelve patients (92%) were satisfied with their results. Long-term follow-up showed that results were stable over time, and no revisions were necessary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic excision of gynaecomastia through a single lateral chest wall incision is a minimally invasive effective and safe technique for the management of gynaecomastia, with excellent aesthetic results and an acceptable complication rate.
authors.affiliation: Breast Unit, St. Bartholomew's Hospital NHS, London, UK. ghadeerjarrar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jarrar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fahmy
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deol
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salih
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostafa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D015187:Lipectomy; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult