title: Anthocyanin-rich fractions of blackberry extracts reduce UV-induced free radicals and oxidative damage in keratinocytes.
abstract: Hull blackberries were purified using solid phase extraction to obtain anthocyanin-rich methanol fractions. This method concentrated phenolics and anthocyanins, recovering 97% and 76% of the total yield in puree or powder extracts, respectively, which represented a 24-63 fold increase of the total antioxidant capacity when compared with either the water fraction or the original extract. The ability of these fractions to protect primary keratinocytes against UV-induced oxidative damage was assessed. Anthocyanin-rich methanol fractions derived from either blackberry powder or puree exhibited strong antioxidant properties, protecting against UV-induced ROS nearly as efficiently as N-acetyl cysteine. Furthermore, the fractions up-regulated the expression of catalase, MnSOD, Gpx1/2 and Gsta1 antioxidant enzymes. Thus, it is concluded that blackberry extracts may protect keratinocytes against UV-mediated oxidative damage.
authors.affiliation: University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
authors.forename: Patience
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Murapa
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Russell J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mumper
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: D'Orazio
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D000111:Acetylcysteine