title: [Application of latissimus dorsi muscle flap for breast conservation in breast cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Breast conserving surgery (BCS) is one of standard treatment approaches in early breast cancer. Although most defect after BCS can be repaired, the cosmetic outcomes are unsatisfactory in the patients with poor tumor/breast ratio. Oncoplastic surgery (OPS) has emerged as a new approach for providing adequate tumor resection without compromise of aesthetic outcomes in BCS. Our purpose is to explore the cosmetic outcomes of applying latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle flap to reshape severe breast conservation deformities in breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally 24 cases of breast cancer were studied. The tumor size was 3.0 - 5.5 cm (median 3.5 cm). All the cases underwent BCS and achieved negative margin by frozen sections examination. Then LD flap reshaping were performed. All the patients received whole breast radiotherapy ± chemotherapy ± endocrine therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the LD flaps were alive without skin necrosis. After a median 23-month follow-up, all the cases were disease-free surviving. The whole breast radiotherapy had no significant effect on the LD flaps. The rate of good cosmetic results was 79.2%. The subjective satisfactory rate of the patients was 96%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both satisfactory aesthetic outcome and good treatment effect were obtained using LD flap to reshape severe breast conservation deformity. OPS offers tools for breast conservation in patients otherwise destined for mastectomy or poor aesthetic outcome, such as large tumor/breast ratio, nipple-areola complex tumor, ductal carcinoma in situ, neoadjuvant chemotherapy cases and so on.
authors.affiliation: Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhi-yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Chun-hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy / Q000379:methods; D013524:Surgical Flaps