title: Clinical trial of autologous differentiated adipocytes from stem cells derived from human adipose tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered to be a reliable cell source for the generation of adipose tissue because they can be differentiated into adipocytes. Previous data have indicated that adipogenic differentiation of ASCs before transplantation can enhance the regeneration of adipose tissue.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the use of autologous differentiated adipocytes for the treatment of depressed scars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Autologous differentiated adipocytes were produced using well-established techniques, including the harvesting of stromal vascular fraction cells from lipoaspirates, expansion of ASCs, and differentiation into adipocytes. This was an open-label, dose-escalation study. Patients were given a subcutaneous injection of differentiated adipocytes and followed for 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one patients were injected with differentiated adipocytes. When the differentiated adipocytes were injected subcutaneously into depressed scars, the average recovery in volume was 74.6% at 12 weeks. Of 17 patients who completed the follow-up after determination of dose, seven were willing to enroll for extended follow-up. Long-term follow-up revealed that the recovery in volume at 12 weeks was maintained well for at least 1 year. There were no significant adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of autologous differentiated adipocytes can be a safe and effective treatment for soft tissue defects, with relatively long-term maintenance of volume. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters.
authors.affiliation: Anterogen Co Ltd, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Mihyung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Inok
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Koo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sa Ik
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D013234:Stem Cells; D016896:Treatment Outcome