title: [Clostridium difficile enteritis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clostridium difficile infection of the small intestine is infrequent.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the first case of C. difficile enteritis (CDE) diagnosed in Spain and provide a review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 30-year-old man underwent surgery for recurrence of a retroperitoneal germ cell tumor. Seven days later the patient developed vomiting, diarrhea and, finally, intestinal obstruction due to pseudomembranes caused by CDE. Only 57 cases of CDE have been reported in the literature. The mean age was 52±17 years with a range of 18 to 86 years. Twenty-nine patients (50%) had inflammatory bowel disease. Forty-seven (81%) had a history of colon or small intestine surgery. Mortality was higher in older patients and in those without inflammatory bowel disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CDE is characterized by high severity and mortality.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, España. aramos220@gmail.com
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramos Martínez
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Romero Pizarro
authors.forename: Félix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martínez Arrieta
authors.forename: Bárbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Balandín Moreno
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Múñez Rubio
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cuiñas León
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez Romero
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cantos López de Ibargüen
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asensio Vegas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004751:Enteritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005774:Gastrostomy; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D009392:Nephrectomy; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015163:Superinfection; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D002945:Cisplatin