title: Role of intestinal inflammation as an early event in obesity and insulin resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To highlight recent evidence supporting a concept that intestinal inflammation is a mediator or contributor to development of obesity and insulin resistance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current views suggest that obesity-associated systemic and adipose tissue inflammation promote insulin resistance, which underlies many obesity-linked health risks. Diet-induced changes in gut microbiota also contribute to obesity. Recent findings support a concept that high-fat diet and bacteria interact to promote early inflammatory changes in the small intestine that contribute to development of or susceptibility to obesity and insulin resistance. This review summarizes the evidence supporting a role of intestinal inflammation in diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance and discusses mechanisms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of diet-induced intestinal inflammation as an early biomarker and mediator of obesity, and insulin resistance warrants further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7574, USA.
authors.forename: Shengli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Pauline K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lund
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003092:Colitis / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5