title: Development of a new scale for perceived self-efficacy in manual wheeled mobility: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the psychometric qualities of a perceived self-efficacy in wheeled mobility scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven wheelchair basketball players with spinal cord injury (elite n=25, recreational n=22, from 6 different countries).
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on the literature, and expert's and wheelchair user's comments, a new Self-Efficacy in Wheeled Mobility Scale (SEWM)1 was developed. Internal consistency (split-half and Cronbach's alpha) and concurrent validity (correlating the Self-Efficacy in Wheeled Mobility Scale with the Generalized Perceived Self-efficacy Scale (GSE) and the spinal cord injury Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES)) were assessed. To evaluate the construct validity, age, lesion level and completeness and time since injury between groups of participants and their total scores were compared statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cronbach's alpha for the SEWM was 0.91, internal consistency was r=0.90. Significant correlations between pairs of scales of the entire sample (SEWM-ESES: 0.60; SEWM-GSE: 0.50 (p<0.05; n= 47, 2-tailed) and of the sub-group comparison (SEWM-ESES recreational r=0.61; elite r=0.73), demonstrated fair construct and concurrent validity of the SEWM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SEWM was found to be reliable and valid in active spinal cord injury. A larger more diverse sample is needed to support the psychometric qualities of the SEWM scale.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tervuursevest 101, Leuven, Belgium. douer@netvision.net.il
authors.forename: Osnat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fliess-Douer
authors.forename: Lucas H V
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: van der Woude
authors.forename: Yves C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Vanlandewijck
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014910:Wheelchairs; D055815:Young Adult