title: Delayed gastric emptying is related to cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is the commonest gastrointestinal (GI) complication in type 2 diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the association between DGE and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 71 Chinese patients (39 men and 32 women, aged 60-90 years) and 30 controls (12 men and 18 women, aged 50-79 years) were studied in Nanjing, China. The gastric emptying was assessed by 13C-octanoic acid breath test (OBT) and gastric emptying ultrasonography (GEU). Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) was assessed by a scoring system being validated before.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diabetic patients, except for a higher plasma glucose level, had similar characteristics compared to the non-diabetic controls. Diabetic patients had higher incidence of DGE and CAN than controls (48.5% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.001). Among diabetic patients with DGE (n = 27), 18 (66.7%) had CAN and 9 (33.3%) did not. Corresponding figures for those without DGE (n = 39) were 14 (35.9%) and 25 (64.1%), respectively (p = 0.014). Diabetes was independently associated with the risk of DGE with odd ratio (95% CI) of 15.6 (1.92, 127.06) (p = 0.010). The presence of diabetes or CAN was independently associated with the half gastric emptying time after adjusting for age, gender, plasma glucose and blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a much prolonged gastric emptying time in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes as compared to non-diabetic controls. There was a high rate of CAN in diabetic patients, and it was associated with gastric emptying.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Care and Research Center, Jiangsu Province Institute of Geriatrics, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Q L
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: X J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Y Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged