title: Evaluating reading and metacognitive deficits in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: The reading achievement of children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has scarcely been explored in research conducted in the Spanish language and when it has, the results have been contradictory. The focus of the present research is to analyze participants' reading competency and metacognitive strategies as they carry out reading comprehension tasks. The sample was comprised of 187 Argentine schoolchildren aged 9 to 13 years old. 94 constituted the control group and the clinical group consisted of 93 schoolchildren diagnosed with ADHD. The metacognitive assessment was made up of two metacognitive tests, the Reading Awareness Scale (ESCOLA; acronym in Spanish) and a Spanish adaptation of Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI), and one test of reading comprehension, the Evaluation of Reading Processes for Secondary Education Students (PROLEC-SE; acronym in Spanish). Students with ADHD had lower achievement on tests o reading comprehension compared to the control group. Nevertheless, our results suggest their difficulties did not stem from readin comprehension problems, but rather from alterations in their Executive Functions, because when subjects' reading comprehensio was equalized, students with ADHD still exhibited a lower level of Metacognition, particularly when it came to planning.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Campus de Somosaguas, 28223 Madrid, Spain. alvarado@psi.ucm.es
authors.forename: Jesús Ma
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alvarado
authors.forename: Aníbal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puente
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arrebillaga
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D001364:Awareness; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D032882:Comprehension; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D011932:Reading; D012016:Reference Values