title: Cystoid macular degeneration in exudative age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of cystoid macular degeneration in eyes that underwent intravitreal ranibizumab injections for exudative age-related macular degeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the charts of 56 consecutive patients (19 male, 37 female; mean age ± standard deviation, 80.81 ± 4.8 years) with exudative age-related macular degeneration who received the last intravitreal ranibizumab injection at least 6 months before and were judged to have a fibroatrophic scar without signs of progression by fluorescein angiography or spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Main outcome measures were the estimated prevalence and clinical significance of cystoid macular degeneration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two eyes showed various combinations of degenerative pseudocysts, whereas 34 eyes did not show any pseudocysts. The 95% confidence interval for the prevalence estimate was 36.98% to 41.02%. Degenerative pseudocysts appeared square-shaped, did not change their overall appearance over time, and were located just below the internal limiting membrane in 11 eyes (50%), in the inner nuclear layer in 16 eyes (72.7%), in the outer nuclear layer in 8 eyes (36.3%), and in all the retinal layers in 6 eyes (27.2%). Best-corrected visual acuity improved in eyes with and without degenerative pseudocysts and decreased significantly in eyes with degenerative pseudocysts (P = .03). Mean central macular thickness decreased significantly (P < .001) to 324.1 μm and to 328.2 μm in eyes and without degenerative pseudocysts, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cystoid macular degeneration represents a well-distinguished clinical entity that may be detected in exudative age-related macular degeneration eyes showing a posttreatment fibroatrophic scar and should not be considered as a manifestation of choroidal neovascularization activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Creteil, University of Paris XII, Creteil, France. giuseppe.querques@hotmail.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Querques
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coscas
authors.forename: Raimondo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Massamba
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sterkers
authors.forename: Eric H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Souied
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D000069579:Ranibizumab; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000069579:Ranibizumab