title: Comparison of land nitrogen budgets for European agriculture by various modeling approaches.
abstract: A comparison of nitrogen (N) budgets for the year 2000 of agro-ecosystems is made for the EU 27 countries by four models with different complexity and data requirements, i.e. INTEGRATOR, IDEAg, MITERRA and IMAGE. The models estimate a comparable total N input in European agriculture, i.e. 23.3-25.7 Mton N yr(-1), but N uptake varies more, i.e. from 11.3 to 15.4 Mton N yr(-1) leading to total N surpluses varying from 10.4 to 13.2 Mton N yr(-1). The estimated overall variation at EU 27 is small for the emissions of ammonia (2.8-3.1 Mton N yr(-1)) and nitrous oxide (0.33-0.43 Mton N yr(-1)), but large for the sum of N leaching and runoff (2.7-6.3 Mton N yr(-1)). Unlike the overall EU estimates, the difference in N output fluxes between models is large at regional scale. This is mainly determined by N inputs, differences being highest in areas with high livestock density.
authors.affiliation: Alterra, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands. wim.devries@wur.nl
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leip
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Reinds
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kros
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lesschen
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Bouwman
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis; D008954:Models, Biological; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil; D000641:Ammonia; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D009584:Nitrogen