title: Moment arms of the human digital flexors.
abstract: For the extrinsic hand flexors (flexor digitorum profundus, FDP; flexor digitorum superficialis, FDS; flexor pollicis longus, FPL), moment arm corresponds to the tendon's distance from the center of the metacarpalphalangeal (MP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), or distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. The clinical value of establishing accurate moment arms has been highlighted for biomechanical modeling, the development of robotic hands, designing rehabilitation protocols, and repairing flexor tendon pulleys (Brand et al., 1975; An et al., 1983; Thompson and Giurintano, 1989; Deshpande et al., 2010; Wu et al., 2010). In this study, we define the moment arms for all of the extrinsic flexor tendons of the hand across all digital joints for all digits in cadaveric hands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0863, USA.
authors.forename: Orrin I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Franko
authors.forename: Taylor M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Winters
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Tirrell
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Hentzen
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Lieber
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D002349:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005384:Finger Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D005385:Fingers; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013710:Tendons / Q000473:pathology*