title: Undifferentiated human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells induce mandibular bone healing in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the osteo-regenerative potential of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ATSCs), an attractive human source for tissue engineering, in a rat model of mandibular defect. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were used as a differentiated cellular control in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ATSCs and HDFs were isolated from human lipoaspirate and skin biopsy specimens, respectively. Cells were characterized in vitro and then adsorbed on an osteo-conductive scaffold to be transplanted in a mandibular defect of immunosuppressed rats. Naked unseeded scaffold was used as a negative control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone healing was studied by computerized tomography and histologic analysis after 4, 8, and 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computed tomography showed that undifferentiated ATSCs induced successful bone healing of the mandible defect when transplanted in animals, compared with HDFs and negative controls. Histologic analysis demonstrated that the newly formed tissue in the surgical defect retained the features of compact bone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Undifferentiated human ATSCs are suitable for cell-based treatment of mandibular defects, even in the absence of previous osteogenic induction in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, School of Medicine A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parrilla
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saulnier
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patti
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tartaglione
authors.forename: Anna Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fetoni
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pola
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paludetti
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michetti
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lattanzi
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014945:Wound Healing