title: Amide proton transfer MR imaging of prostate cancer: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the capability of amide proton transfer (APT) MR imaging for detection of prostate cancer that typically shows a higher tumor cell proliferation rate and cellular density leading to an MRI-detectable overall elevated mobile protein level in higher grade tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer were imaged on a 3 Tesla MR imaging system before prostatectomy. APT-MR images were acquired by means of a single-slice single-shot turbo spin echo sequence with a saturation prepulse preparation using 33 different frequency offsets (-8 to 8 ppm, interval 0.5 ppm). For quantification we used the APT ratio (APTR) based on the asymmetry of the magnetization transfer ratio at 3.5 ppm in respect to the water signal. Tumor and peripheral zone benign regions of interest (ROIs) were delineated based on whole mount pathology slides after prostatectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  APTR in prostate cancer ROIs was 5.8% ± 3.2%, significantly higher than that in the peripheral zone benign regions (0.3% ± 3.2%, P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  APT-MR imaging is feasible in prostate cancer detection and has the potential to discriminate between cancer and noncancer tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Ronney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abaza
authors.forename: JoAnna D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Zynger
authors.forename: Jinyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zarine K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Mitva
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sammet
authors.forename: Lai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bahnson
authors.forename: Michael V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Knopp
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000577:Amides / Q000737:chemistry*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D011522:Protons; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D011522:Protons