title: Accuracy of cystosonography in the diagnosis of vesicourethral reflux in children.
abstract: Vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is found in 1% of all children and in 30%-50% of those with urinary tract infection. Furthermore, VUR in childhood is the main reason for pyelonephritis, hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Recently, a variety of procedures with low radiation have been recommended for diagnosis of VUR. Therefore, in this study, voiding urosonography (VUS) or cystosonography was performed for evaluation of VUR and for comparing it with radio nucleotide cystography (RNC). We studied 25 children admitted with initial diagnosis of VUR in our center in the year 2007. Simultaneously, RNC and VUS were performed for all the patients. VUR was detected in eight patients with the VUS procedure and in nine children with RNC. Another patient was diagnosed only by RNC, and two other patients by only VUS. The two methods were concordant in detection and exclusion of urinary reflux in 87% (P: 0.000, r: 0.728). Furthermore, the diagnosis of various grades of reflux by these two schemes were comparable (P: 0.0000, r: 0.724). Sensitivity and specifity of VUS was determined as 87% and 88%, respectively, with a 94% positive predictive value and a 77% negative predictive value. We conclude that VUS is a highly accurate, safe and inexpensive tool for the screening, diagnosis and follow-up of VUR.
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otukesh
authors.forename: Rozita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoseini
authors.forename: Ashkan Heshmatzade
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Behzadi
authors.forename: Mahsa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehran
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tabbaroki
authors.forename: Behnaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Khamesan
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Farjad
authors.forename: Violet
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Amirjalai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*