title: Comparable efficacy of self-monitoring of quantitative urine glucose with self-monitoring of blood glucose on glycaemic control in non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether self-monitoring of quantitative urine glucose or blood glucose is effective, convenient and safe for glycaemic control in non-insulin treated type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults with non-insulin treated type 2 diabetes were recruited and randomized into three groups: Group A, self-monitoring with a quantitative urine glucose meter (n = 38); Group B, self monitoring with a blood glucose meter (n=35); Group C, the control group without self monitoring (n=35). All patients were followed up for six months, during which identical diabetes care was provided.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant decrease in HbA1c within each group (p < 0.05). At the study conclusion, mean changes in HbA1c from baseline were -1.9% for Group A, -1.5% for Group B and -1.0% for Group C, and the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c ≤ 6.5% were 38.9%, 35.3% and 20.0% respectively. However, no significant differences between the groups were found. The average monitoring frequency was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B. The incidence of hypoglycaemia and quality of life scores were similar between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that self-monitoring of urine glucose has comparable efficacy on glycaemic control, and facilitates better compliance than blood self monitoring, without influencing the quality of life or risk of hypoglycaemia.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, China.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. Electronic address: sunzilin1963@yahoo.com.cn.
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Q S
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Z L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diabetes, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: B Q
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000592:standards; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006029:Glycosuria / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose