title: High-density porous polyethylene wedge implant in correction of enophthalmos and hypoglobus in seeing eyes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To report the results of post-traumatic enophthalmos/hypophthalmos correction with high-density porous polyethylene wedge implants in seeing eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an interventional case series of 25 patients (25 eyes) with post-traumatic enophthalmos and hypophthalmos, who underwent orbital reconstruction to correct the enophthalmos and hypophthalmos using Medpor® wedge implant. The aim was an overcorrection of 1 mm in comparison to the other eye, intra-operatively. If needed, trimming of the wedge implant or adding Medpor® sheets were used to achieve the goal. Success was defined as achieving the globe position within 1 mm of the other eye in the last follow-up. Improvement and failure were considered as correction outside the success range of 1 mm and no change in the amount of enophthalmos/hypophthalmos, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were followed for at least 6 months (mean= 12.66, SD= 12.32). Success, improvement and failure of enophthalmos correction were: 58.3% (14/24), 37.5% (9/24) and 1 (1/24, 4.1%), respectively. Success, improvement and failure of hypophthalmos correction were 73.68% (14/19), 15.78% (3/19) and 5.26% (1/19), respectively. There was no significant difference between the success rate of enophthalmos versus hypophthalmos correction (P= 0.8). Results of 1-month follow up change in enophthalmos and hypophthalmos significantly correlated (r= 0.92, P= 0.000) with the change recorded at last follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Porous polyethylene wedge implants are useful and safe in correction of enophthalmos and hypoglobus in seeing eyes. Appropriately positioned implant yields no significant difference in correction of enophthalmos versus hypophthalmos.
authors.affiliation: Eye Plastic Surgeries Unit, Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. bahmanik@eyeplasticsurgeries.com
authors.forename: Mohsen Bahmani
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kashkouli
authors.forename: Farzad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pakdel
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sasani
authors.forename: Parsa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hodjat
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaghazkanani
authors.forename: Abtin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heirati
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015841:Enophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D020273:Orbital Implants; D020959:Polyethylene; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014785:Vision, Ocular; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020959:Polyethylene