title: A comparison of mindfulness, nonjudgmental, and cognitive dissonance-based approaches to mirror exposure.
abstract: This study compares different versions of mirror exposure (ME), a body image intervention with research support. ME protocols were adapted to maximize control and comparability, and scripted for delivery by research assistants. Female undergraduates (N=168) were randomly assigned to receive mindfulness-based (MB; n=58), nonjudgmental (NJ; n=55), or cognitive dissonance-based (CD, n=55) ME. Participants completed the Body Image Avoidance Questionnaire (BIAQ), Body Checking Questionnaire (BCQ), Satisfaction with Body Parts Scale (SBPS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 1-month follow-up. Mixed models ANOVAs revealed a significant main effect of time on all measures, and no significant time by condition interaction for any measures except the SBPS. Post-hoc analysis revealed that only CD ME significantly improved SBPS outcome. Results suggest that all versions of ME reduce eating disorder risk factors, but only CD ME improves body satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Trinity University, One Trinity Place, San Antonio, TX 78212, United States. luethcke@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Luethcke
authors.forename: Leda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McDaniel
authors.forename: Carolyn Black
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001828:Body Image; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003073:Cognitive Dissonance; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D019122:Meditation / Q000379:methods; D019222:Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult