title: Interventions that induce modifications in the tumor microenvironment.
abstract: Non-surgical cancer therapeutic strategies have focused primarily on direct killing of cancer cells by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that the efficacy of these therapies can be significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment. The microenvironment poses both obstacles and opportunities for new therapeutic interventions. New developments in this area are the topic of this review.
authors.affiliation: Radiotherapy Development Branch, Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute/National Institutes of Health, 6130 Executive Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20892-7440, United States. bernhardej@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bernhard
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods; D017279:Selenocysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003603:Cytotoxins; C511761:DC101 monoclonal antibody; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D017279:Selenocysteine; D003545:Cysteine; C002979:selenomethylselenocysteine