title: Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, arsenic and environmental tobacco smoke, nutrient intake, and oxidative stress in Japanese preschool children.
abstract: The association between oxidative stress and exposure to environmental chemicals was assessed in a group of Japanese preschool children. The concentrations of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), inorganic arsenic (iAs) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and cotinine in spot urine samples, collected from 134 children (3-6 yrs) from a kindergarten in Kanagawa, Japan, were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress or exposure to environmental chemicals. For 76 subjects of the 134, intakes of anti-oxidant nutrients (vitamins A, C, and E, manganese, copper, zinc and selenium (Se)) were estimated from a food consumption survey carried out 2-4 weeks after urine sampling and by urine analysis (Se). The median (min-max) creatinine-corrected concentrations of urinary biomarkers were 4.45 (1.98-12.3), 0.127 (0.04-2.41), 4.78 (1.18-12.7), and 0.62 (<0.6-19.0) μg/g cre for 8-OHdG, 1-OHP, iAs+MMA, and cotinine, respectively. Multiple regression analysis was carried out using 8-OHdG concentration as a dependent variable and urinary biomarkers of exposure and Se intake, intakes of vitamins and biological attributes of the subjects as independent variables. To explain 8-OHdG concentrations, intake of vitamin A and age were significant variables with negative coefficients, while 1-OHP concentration had a positive coefficient. These results indicated that oxidative stress of children is affected by chemical exposure at environmental levels, by nutrient intake and by physiological factors in a complex manner. On the other hand, unstable statistical results due to sub-grouping of subject, based on the availability of food consumption data, were found: the present results should further be validated by future studies with suitable research design.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Studies, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizoi
authors.forename: Shu-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: Yun-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kasai
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D001151:Arsenic / Q000652:urine*; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003367:Cotinine / Q000652:urine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000652:urine*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000652:urine*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D018977:Micronutrients; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; C020300:monomethylarsonic acid; D003367:Cotinine; D001151:Arsenic