title: Risk factors of hepatitis during anti-tuberculous treatment and implications of hepatitis virus load.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatitis during anti-tuberculous treatment (HATT) has been an obstacle in managing patients with tuberculosis (TB). We evaluate the risk factors of HATT and the clinical implications of serum viral loads in those with concomitant hepatitis B or C viruses (HBV/HCV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We did a prospective study on patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in a medical center. HATT was defined as an increase in serum transaminase level of >3 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) with symptoms, or an increase in serum transaminase level of >5 times ULN without symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  360 TB patients were studied. The prevalence of concomitant HBV and HCV infection was 11.7% and 6.7%, respectively. HATT developed in 68 (18.9%). Cox regression analysis revealed that severe chronic kidney disease without hemodialysis, N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) slow acetylator, high initial HBV/HCV viral load, and women in those without HBV/HCV infection were significant predictors of drug-induced HATT, whereas severe chronic kidney disease without hemodialysis and men with high initial HBV/HCV viral load were significantly associated virus-induced HATT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HBV/HCV viral load interacts with gender and, together with severe chronic kidney disease without hemodialysis and NAT2 slow acetylator, were predictors of HATT. TB patients with these characteristics need close follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jann-Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chen-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fu-Chang
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hsiu-Ching
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jia-Luen
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chong-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jia-Horng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Pan-Chyr
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D000637:Transaminases