title: Effect of supplementation with an electrolyte containing a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial on immune development in dairy calves.
abstract: Immune characteristics in 65 calves were evaluated in response to a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) provided in electrolyte scour treatment. Blood samples were analyzed for cell surface markers and α(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) concentration. AGP increased in scouring calves given electrolyte containing Bacillus at day 7 post-placement compared to scouring calves administered electrolyte alone and non-scouring calves, enhancing the inflammatory response for pathogen clearance. The Bacillus promotes T cell subsets including greater proportions of activated, mature cells (CD8(-)CD25(+), CD8(-)CD45RO(+), CD8(-)TCR1(+)) in calves given electrolyte containing Bacillus than scouring calves administered electrolyte alone and non-scouring calves. Also, the Bacillus may be alleviating inflammation at day 3 post-placement as the proportion of monocytes and granulocytes lacking L-selectin (CD172a(+)CD62L(-)) was greater in scouring calves given electrolyte compared to the other groups. Electrolyte containing Bacillus administered at the onset of scours influences components of innate and adaptive immune development during and following the scouring event.
authors.affiliation: Danisco USA, Inc., W227 N752 Westmound Drive, Waukesha, WI 53186, USA. kimberly.novak@danisco.com
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Wehnes
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Coalson
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Rehberger
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000276:immunology; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D003612:Dairying; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D006023:Glycoproteins