title: Association between NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms and coronary artery disease: a case-control study.
abstract: Inflammation and immune response play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In this prospective study we tested the hypothesis of whether polymorphic variations in the NOD2/CARD15 gene may influence the risk of developing clinically evident coronary artery disease (CAD). ARG702TRP, GLY908ARG, and Leu1007fsinsC NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms were analyzed in 109 consecutive patients with angiographically documented CAD and in 109 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The ARG702TRP, GLY908ARG, and Leu1007fsinsC polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion. The prevalence of the Leu1007fsinsC polymorphism was significantly increased in CAD patients compared with controls (11.9% vs 1.8%; odds ratios (OR) 7.2, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.5-32.9; p = 0.01), especially in those presenting with an acute coronary syndrome (OR 5.7; 95% CI 1.1-39.7; p = 0.034 vs stable angina). In CAD patients the frequency of GLY908ARG polymorphism was significantly lower (1.8% vs 6.4% in controls; OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01-0.69; p = 0.031, at multivariable analysis) and the prevalence of the ARG702TRP polymorphism was higher compared with controls (10.1% vs 3.7%; OR 2.9, 95% CI 0.91-9.6; p = 0.07). We report in a Caucasian population that NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms influence the development of clinically evident and angiographically documented coronary artery disease. In particular, the Leu1007fsinsC polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of clinically evident and angiographically documented coronary atherosclerosis and clinical destabilization of coronary plaques, whereas the GLY908ARG polymorphism demonstrated a protective effect on coronary atherogenesis. These correlations were independent of cardiovascular risk factors at multivariable analysis. These findings may contribute to the identification of a novel genetic approach for the stratification of cardiovascular risk profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy. s.galluzzo@unicampus.it
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galluzzo
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Patti
authors.forename: Giordano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dicuonzo
authors.forename: Germano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Sciascio
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tonini
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spoto
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campanale
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zoccoli
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Angeletti
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein