title: Nishida's procedure combined with medial rectus recession for large-angle esotropia in Duane syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two patients presented large-angle esotropia due to unilatelal Duane syndrome type I.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the course of a simple muscle transposition procedure (the Nishida procedure) with medial rectus muscle recession for large-angle esotropia in two cases of unilateral Duane syndrome type I.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case 1: A 5-year-old boy had Duane syndrome type I OS. He had esotropia of 40 prism diopters, and the left eye could not abduct to the midline. Postoperatively, his esotropia decreased to 6 prism diopters and the abduction improved to 45°. Case 2: A 5-year-old girl had Duane syndrome type I OS with a marked facial turn. She had esotropia of 40 prism diopters in primary position, and the left eye could not abduct to midline. Postoperatively, the facial turn resolved, the esotropia decreased to 8 prism diopters, and the abduction improved to 30°.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This procedure improves large-angle esotropia and abduction deficits in unilateral Duane syndrome type I.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan. nishina-s@ncchd.go.jp.
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogonuki
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Shouko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akaike
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azuma
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004370:Duane Retraction Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D004948:Esotropia / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology