title: Stereotactic radiosurgery and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy: normal tissue dose constraints of the central nervous system.
abstract: Single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) are radiation planning and delivery techniques used for the treatment of intracranial and spine/spinal cord tumors and targets. For cranial SRS and SRT, critical normal tissues/structures include the brainstem, cranial nerves, cochlea and normal brain parenchyma. For spine SRS/SRT, critical normal tissues/structures include the spinal cord, cauda equina as well as neighboring organs. This paper reviews clinical studies investigating central nervous system dose tolerances after cranial or spinal SRS/SRT. The impact of dose, volume, fractionation, and other relevant clinic-pathologic variables are discussed, as are limitations of the published data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. michael_milano@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Milano
authors.forename: Kenneth Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Usuki
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Schell
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000528:radiation effects*; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D016634:Radiosurgery