title: Refractory gastroesophageal variceal bleeding secondary to neuroendocrine carcinoma in the pancreatic tail.
abstract: The main cause of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding (GEVB) is portal hypertension (PH) due to liver cirrhosis. Here, we report a case of regional PH and refractory GEVB secondary to neuroendocrine carcinoma (NC) in the pancreatic tail. This condition was treated using a pancreatic tail resection, splenectomy, and portal azygous devascularization. Regional PH caused by a pancreatic NC is rare and is usually presented as isolated gastric varices. This case report of regional PH details simultaneous esophageal and gastric varices that were caused by a pancreatic NC, which is a rare occurrence. Therefore, after excluding liver cirrhosis, unusual causes should be considered in cases of refractory GEVB with PH. and IAP.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China. whuaizhi @ gmail.com
authors.forename: Huaizhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bie
authors.forename: Leida
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013160:Splenic Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed