title: Abscopal mutagenic effect of low-energy-ions in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the abscopal mutagenic effect of low-energy-ion irradiation in dormant plant seeds, and its dependence on the targeted portion of seeds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arabidopsis thaliana-lines transgenic for b-glucuronidase (GUS) recombination substrates and A. thaliana RADiation54 (AtRAD54) promoter::GUS were adopted. The seeds were irradiated from four specialised orientations with 30 KeV (40)Ar(+) ions. The homologous recombination frequency (HRF) and the expression levels of the AtRAD54 genein non-irradiated aerial plants were measured. Moreover, several post-embryonic developments, such as growth of primary roots, differentiation of root hairs, and germination of seeds and growth of true leaves, were also analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was shown that low-energy-ion irradiation of seeds led to significant increases in HRF in the non-irradiated aerial parts of irradiated plants and the aerial parts of naïve plants from irradiated progenitors. The low-energy-ion irradiation was also shown to induce an elevated expression of AtRAD54 gene in aerial plants, and to inhibit the post-embryonic developments of seeds. Moreover, the changes in HRF, expression level of the AtRAD54 gene and post-embryonic developments depended largely on the orientation of seeds with regard to low-energy-ion irradiation; and the root apical meristem (RAM)-orientated irradiation exhibited the largest effects on all biological endpoints assayed here.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-energy-ion irradiation can induce an abscopal mutagenic effect in dormant plant seeds, the extent of which depends greatly on the targeted portion of seeds.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bio-engineering, Institute of Technical Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, PR China.
authors.forename: Fanghua
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shuyan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Po
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Yuejin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zengliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D024201:Bystander Effect / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics; D018519:Meristem / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000528:radiation effects; D012639:Seeds / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C518800:RAD54 protein, Arabidopsis; D004265:DNA Helicases