title: Plasma high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in dogs with various diseases: comparison with C-reactive protein.
abstract: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nonhistone chromosomal protein, has recently been suggested as a late mediator of the inflammatory cascade. Blood HMGB1 levels are increased in a number of human diseases, and HMGB1 has been suggested to be a useful marker for disease severity and prognosis. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness of HMGB1 in dogs. Plasma HMGB1 levels, as well as C-reactive protein (CRP), a typical canine inflammatory marker, were measured in dogs with various diseases, especially systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and dogs that had undergone surgery. HMGB1 gradually increased and attained a maximum level 72 hr after surgery, whereas CRP increased rapidly, peaking at 24 hr. Although both HMGB1 and CRP levels were significantly increased in dogs with various diseases compared with the control dogs, no correlation was found between the HMGB1 and CRP values. HMGB1 levels in the SIRS group were significantly elevated compared with those in the non-SIRS group. However, the increase in HMGB1 levels above the reference range was not indicative of SIRS. Instead, the presence of increased HMGB1 and CRP levels above the reference ranges significantly affects the poor outcome of SIRS. The present study indicates that HMGB1 is a novel canine inflammatory marker and is distinct from CRP. However, the additional clinical value of HMGB1 measurement remains unclear, and further studies are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1–1–1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Asami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Ko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goto-Koshino
authors.forename: Yasuhito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D004285:Dogs; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood*; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D002097:C-Reactive Protein