title: Carcinogen metabolism genes, red meat and poultry intake, and colorectal cancer risk.
abstract: Diets high in red meat are established risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Carcinogenic compounds generated during meat cooking have been implicated as causal agents. We conducted a family-based case-control study to investigate the association between polymorphisms in carcinogen metabolism genes (CYP1A2 -154A>C, CYP1B1 Leu432Val, CYP2E1 -1054C>T, GSTP1 Ile105Val, PTGS2 5UTR -765, EPHX1 Tyr113His, NAT2 Ile114Thr, NAT2 Arg197Gln and NAT2 Gly286Glu) and CRC risk. We tested for gene-environment interactions using case-only analyses (N = 577) and compared statistically significant results to those obtained using case-unaffected sibling comparisons (N = 307 sibships). Our results suggested that CYP1A2 -154A>C might modify the association between intake of red meat cooked using high temperature methods and well done on the inside and CRC risk (case-only interaction OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.19-1.97; p = 0.0008) and the association between intake of red meat heavily browned on the outside and rectal cancer risk (case-only interaction OR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.48-0.86; p = 0.003). We also found that GSTP1 Ile105Val might modify the association between intake of poultry cooked with high temperature methods and CRC risk (p = 0.0035), a finding that was stronger among rectal cancer cases. Our results support a role for heterocyclic amines that form in red meat as a potential explanation for the observed association between diets high in red meat and CRC. Our findings also suggest a possible role for diets high in poultry cooked at high temperatures in CRC risk.
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, CA, USA.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Amit D
authors: AD
authors: Joshi
authors: Román
authors: R
authors: Corral
authors: Kimberly D
authors: KD
authors: Siegmund
authors: Loïc Le
authors: LL
authors: Marchand
authors: Maria Elena
authors: ME
authors: Martinez
authors: Robert W
authors: RW
authors: Haile
authors: Dennis J
authors: DJ
authors: Ahnen
authors: Robert S
authors: RS
authors: Sandler
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Lance
authors: Mariana C
authors: MC
authors: Stern
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