title: Bilateral clubfoot in three homozygous preterm triplets.
abstract: The etiology of congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus deformity is unclear. Studies on populations, families, and twins have suggested a genetic component. However, the mode of inheritance does not fit classic patterns. The intrauterine posture and environmental and developmental causative factors have also been associated with the deformity. Neurologic, muscular, bony, connective tissue, and vascular structures can be affected. We present the case of monochorionic triplets with bilateral congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus deformities. To the best of our knowledge, such a presentation has not been previously described and supports a genetic etiology of congenital idiopathic talipes equinovarus deformity.
authors: Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hospital Bambin Gesù, Rome, Italy. gaetano.pagnotta@opbg.net
authors: Gaetano
authors: G
authors: Pagnotta
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Boccanera
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Rizzo
authors: Rocco
authors: R
authors: Agostino
authors: Nikolaos
authors: N
authors: Gougoulias
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Maffulli