title: Expression of chitinases in hypertrophied adenoids of children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), otitis media with effusion (OME), and allergic rhinitis (AR) are common conditions that have been associated with hypertrophied adenoids in children, and adenoidectomy is clinically recommended. The investigators assayed the expression level and site of acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) and chitotriosidase (ChT) in hypertrophied adenoids of children to determine the expression levels of 2 chitinases in relation to CRS, OME, and AR.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary care facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hypertrophied adenoids from 41 children were harvested during adenoidectomy. Medical records were reviewed and the subjects were grouped according to the presence of CRS, OME, and AR. Messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression of AMCase and ChT in adenoid tissues was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the sites of AMCase and ChT expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  mRNA and protein of AMCase and ChT were present in adenoids of all subjects. CRS was a significant variable in AMCase mRNA and protein expression. CRS, OME, and AR were significant variables in ChT mRNA and protein expression. Both AMCase and ChT were expressed in histiocytes and vascular endothelial cells of adenoid tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that chitin-containing pathogens or dysregulated immune responses to them in the hypertrophied adenoids of children could be factors contributing to CRS, OME, and AR via AMCase or ChT overexpression.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kyung Wook
authors: KW
authors: Heo
authors: Dae Young
authors: DY
authors: Hur
authors: Seong Kook
authors: SK
authors: Park
authors: Young Il
authors: YI
authors: Yang
authors: Hyun Ho
authors: HH
authors: Kwak
authors: Tae Yong
authors: TY
authors: Kim