title: Rescue endoscopy to identify site of gastric dysplasia or carcinoma found at random biopsies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Incidental findings of high-grade dysplasia or gastric cancer at random biopsies with endoscopic diagnosis of chronic gastritis constitute a serious problem to clinical management of patients and sometimes requires blind gastrectomy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate diagnostic value of second-look endoscopy, called "rescue endoscopy", in order to identify focal lesions containing neoplastic changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a three-year period, 20 patients underwent rescue endoscopy using advanced endoscopy and mapping technique. All mucosal irregularities were identified and the locations of these areas were mapped onto a schematic diagram of gastric anatomy. Each area was biopsied and samples included in individually marked specimen containers, to evaluate the correlation between macroscopic and microscopic diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rescue endoscopy identified a total of 68 focal lesions, 18 of which were focal areas of high-grade dysplasia (13 patients) or gastric cancer (5 patients). Two patients had no dysplastic change identified by our targeted biopsies. A second pathologist's opinion confirmed absence of dysplasia on random and targeted biopsies. All patients underwent a median follow-up of 15.2 months (2.6-43.5), and no residual or metachronous lesions were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, rescue endoscopy is highly effective in localizing undetermined areas of high-grade dysplasia or carcinoma.
authors: Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forli, Italy. gastroen@ausl.fo.it
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Simone
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Casadei
authors: Emiliano
authors: E
authors: De Vergori
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Morgagni
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Saragoni
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Ricci