title: Molecular genotyping of Trapa bispinosa and T. japonica (Trapaceae) based on nuclear AP2 and chloroplast DNA trnL-F region.
abstract: •
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Two marker systems were developed for the molecular identification of three Trapa species based on the length variation of nuclear AP2 and trnL-F chloroplast intergenic spacer region. •
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our marker systems analyzed 118 individuals among 36 populations from three Trapa species. Trapa incisa was found to have a unique genotype from the other two species. Individuals of T. bispinosa were distinguished from T. japonica because the former had only a single AP2 genotype. Moreover, our results suggest a hybrid status of T. japonica in terms of two bands within an individual. One band was specific to T. japonica and the other one shared with T. bispinosa. •
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our marker system demonstrates that nucleotide sequence variations can serve as a fast, reliable, and reproducible tool for molecular genotyping and examining the natural hybrid of water chestnut species.
authors: Department of Biological Science, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea.
authors: Changkyun
authors: C
authors: Kim
authors: Hye
authors: H
authors: Ryun Na
authors: Hong-Keun
authors: HK
authors: Choi