title: Effects of diabetes mellitus on the rat liver during the postmenopausal period.
abstract: The present study investigated whether diabetes worsened the onset of liver injury/damage during the ovariectomized (OVX)-induced postmenopausal period in rats. Diabetes results in severe complications in humans, such as liver failure. Estrogen and its derivatives are medically acceptable, powerful antioxidant agents that can enable liver and other important organs to defend themselves against oxidative related injury. Estrogen deficiency, which occurs in the postmenopausal period and in individuals with diabetes, may play a significant role in the progression of liver failure. In the present study, rats were divided into four groups: control (Group I), diabetic (Group II), ovariectomy (Group III) and ovariectomy plus diabetes (Group IV). After the experiments, quantitative histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in liver were detected using light microscopy and modern stereological systems. Histopathological examinations showed that there were many necrotic and apoptotic hepatocytes in the lobules of Group II. In addition, there were a larger number of necrotic cells in Group III than Group II. In contrast to Group II, there were also apoptotic cells in the portal areas in Group III. Moreover, evidence of liver injury was higher in the sections of Group IV compared with all other groups. In biochemical findings, there were statistically significant differences between all the groups (P < 0.001) for catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and myeloperoxidase (MPx) activity. In addition, the amount of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly different between groups. In stereological results, there were significant differences between Groups I and II and Groups II and IV. The present study provided novel insight into the pernicious effects of ovariectomy on liver injury following the onset of diabetes. Indeed, the present study found that increases in liver oxidative activity in OVX rats following the onset of diabetes correlates with elevated MPx, LPO and histopathological changes in rat liver.
authors: Department of Histology and Embryology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
authors: Deniz
authors: D
authors: Unal
authors: Selina
authors: S
authors: Aksak
authors: Zekai
authors: Z
authors: Halici
authors: Ozlem
authors: O
authors: Sengul
authors: Beyzagul
authors: B
authors: Polat
authors: Bunyami
authors: B
authors: Unal
authors: Mesut
authors: M
authors: Halici
references: Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2010 May;381(5):455-66
references: 20349047
references: Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010 Jul;109(5):879-86
references: 20232078
references: Endocrinology. 2009 May;150(5):2109-17
references: 19164473
references: Anal Biochem. 1979 Jun;95(2):351-8
references: 36810
references: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 May 15;221(1):102-10
references: 17397887
references: Anal Biochem. 1968 Oct 24;25(1):192-205
references: 4973948
references: J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2007 Jul-Sep;7(3):240-5
references: 17947807
references: J Bras Pneumol. 2009 Aug;35(8):788-91
references: 19750332
references: Biogerontology. 2010 Apr;11(2):229-43
references: 19633997
references: Biogerontology. 2007 Oct;8(5):469-82
references: 17476580
references: Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:121-6
references: 6727660
references: Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2005;59(2):108-12
references: 15591805
references: J Invest Dermatol. 1982 Mar;78(3):206-9
references: 6276474
references: Liver Int. 2003 Feb;23(1):63-9
references: 12640729
references: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Oct 30;1746(1):1-17
references: 16169101
references: J Surg Res. 2011 Jul;169(1):67-75
references: 20080253
references: Phytother Res. 2009 May;23(5):635-9
references: 19107853
references: J Microsc. 1984 May;134(Pt 2):127-36
references: 6737468
references: Cell Biochem Funct. 2007 Sep-Oct;25(5):551-4
references: 16892453
references: Diabetes. 2001 Feb;50(2):404-10
references: 11272154
references: Menopause. 2003 Mar-Apr;10(2):142-6
references: 12627039
references: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Nov;997:378-88
references: 14644845
references: Methods Mol Biol. 2008;455:111-24
references: 18463814
references: J Clin Invest. 2000 Aug;106(4):473-81
references: 10953022
references: Cell Biochem Funct. 2007 Jul-Aug;25(4):401-5
references: 16444765
references: J Clin Invest. 2004 Sep;114(6):828-36
references: 15372107
references: Shock. 2010 May;33(5):479-84
references: 19823117
references: Ren Fail. 2009;31(7):573-81
references: 19839853
references: Acta Med Port. 2010 Mar-Apr;23(2):227-36
references: 20470470
references: Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2008 Sep;6(1):32-41
references: 18806723
references: Mol Cell Biochem. 2007 Dec;306(1-2):179-87
references: 17668153
references: Health Technol Assess. 2005 Jun;9(22):1-160
references: 15929857
references: Ren Fail. 2010 Jun;32(5):592-602
references: 20486843
references: Metabolism. 2009 Jan;58(1):38-47
references: 19059529
references: J Clin Invest. 2000 Aug;106(4):453-8
references: 10953019
references: Exp Gerontol. 2005 Aug-Sep;40(8-9):650-9
references: 16102930
references: Free Radic Biol Med. 2003 Mar 1;34(5):546-52
references: 12614843
references: Endocrinology. 2009 May;150(5):2161-8
references: 19179442
references: N Engl J Med. 1999 Jun 10;340(23):1801-11
references: 10362825
references: Eur J Pharmacol. 2009 Jul 1;614(1-3):146-52
references: 19406119
references: Diabet Med. 2000 Mar;17(3):171-80
references: 10784220
references: Endocr Res. 2003 May;29(2):183-9
references: 12856805
references: Clin Chem. 1988 Mar;34(3):497-500
references: 3349599