title: Minimal invasive treatment options in pregnant women with ovarian vein syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the treatment modalities of symptomatic ovarian vein syndrome in pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In our study, we included 12 pregnant women with right ureter and kidney dilatation; caused by ureteric obstruction. In 11 out of 12, we insert a DJ stent and in one woman we applied percutaneous nephrostomy, because of intermittent abdominal pain, resistant on analgetic therapy or feverish pyelonephritis. DJ stents and nephrostomy were inserted under ultrasound guidance without anaesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After insertion of DJ stents, respective percutaneous nephrostomy colic attacks went back immediately and the feverish pyelonephritis in few days. At no time during these procedures, there was a risk for pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ovarian vein syndrome in pregnancy can lead to violent colic pain and can become complicated by accompanied pyelonephritis. In these cases insertion of a DJ stent or percutaneous nephrostomy under ultrasound guidance is possible and safe, and leads to an improvement of complaints immediately.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece. chkalaitzis@hotmail.com
authors: Christos
authors: C
authors: Kalaitzis
authors: Athanasios
authors: A
authors: Zissimopoulos
authors: Athanasios
authors: A
authors: Bantis
authors: Stilianos
authors: S
authors: Giannakopoulos
authors: Georgios
authors: G
authors: Galazios
authors: Vasilios
authors: V
authors: Limperis
authors: Stavros
authors: S
authors: Touloupidis