title: Evaluation of the proliferation markers Ki-67/MIB-1, mitosin, survivin, pHH3, and DNA topoisomerase IIα in human anaplastic astrocytomas--an immunohistochemical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Histological malignancy grading of astrocytomas can be challenging despite criteria given by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Grading is fundamental for optimal prognostication and treatment, and additional biomarkers are needed to support the histopathological diagnosis. Estimation of proliferative activity has gained much enthusiasm, and the present study was designed to evaluate and compare novel immunohistochemical proliferative markers in human anaplastic astrocytomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Proliferative activity was determined in twenty-seven cases with antibodies reactive against the Ki-67 antigen, mitosin, survivin, pHH3, and DNA topoisomerase IIα, and they were mutually compared as well as related to mitotic activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The markers correlated well with each other, but poorly with mitoses, probably because of small and squeezed tumour samples, in which identification of mitoses can be difficult. Positive association to overall survival was observed as well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show that these markers may assist significantly in the evaluation of proliferative activity in anaplastic astrocytomas and even have prognostic value.
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. andrehab@stud.ntnu.no
authors: Andreas H
authors: AH
authors: Habberstad
authors: Sasha
authors: S
authors: Gulati
authors: Sverre H
authors: SH
authors: Torp
references: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1999 Jan;58(1):46-53
references: 10068313
references: J Neurooncol. 2009 Feb;91(3):353-8
references: 18953492
references: Biochem J. 1994 Nov 1;303 ( Pt 3):681-95
references: 7980433
references: Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Sep;15(9):5017-29
references: 7651420
references: J Neurooncol. 2005 May;72(3):231-8
references: 15937645
references: Nature. 1998 Dec 10;396(6711):580-4
references: 9859993
references: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2002 Jun;61(6):501-9
references: 12071633
references: Am J Surg Pathol. 2004 Nov;28(11):1532-6
references: 15489659
references: Eur J Cancer. 2002 Jul;38(10):1343-7
references: 12091064
references: Neuropathology. 2006 Dec;26(6):519-27
references: 17203587
references: Acta Neuropathol. 2005 May;109(5):534-8
references: 15843906
references: Brain Res. 2006 Feb 3;1071(1):1-9
references: 16412397
references: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2006 Sep;65(9):905-13
references: 16957584
references: Am J Surg Pathol. 2006 May;30(5):657-64
references: 16699322
references: BMC Cancer. 2010 Apr 14;10:140
references: 20398247
references: Histopathology. 1992 Dec;21(6):591-4
references: 1361482
references: Adv Anat Pathol. 2005 May;12(3):144-8
references: 15900115
references: Acta Neuropathol. 2007 Aug;114(2):97-109
references: 17618441
references: J Neurooncol. 2007 Apr;82(2):193-8
references: 17151933
references: Oncogene. 2004 Sep 30;23(45):7494-506
references: 15326475
references: J Neurosurg. 1999 Sep;91(3):477-82
references: 10470824
references: Diagn Pathol. 2010 Mar 23;5:18
references: 20331873
references: Chromosoma. 2006 Aug;115(4):288-95
references: 16565862
references: Chromosoma. 1997 Nov;106(6):348-60
references: 9362543
references: Int J Cancer. 2005 Apr 20;114(4):509-12
references: 15578717
references: J Cell Physiol. 2003 Oct;197(1):8-29
references: 12942537
references: Cytometry. 1998 Jun 1;32(2):71-7
references: 9627219
references: Prog Cell Cycle Res. 1996;2:229-39
references: 9552399
references: Am J Clin Pathol. 2003 May;119(5):715-22
references: 12760291
references: Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2001 Sep;9(3):207-14
references: 11556747
references: Pathol Oncol Res. 2006;12(3):143-7
references: 16998593