title: Metaproteome analysis of sewage sludge from membrane bioreactors.
abstract: Microbial dynamics and enzymatic activities of activated sludge processes are not completely understood yet. A better understanding about the biology is indispensable for further process optimization. Since proteins play a key role as catalysts in sludge processes, a protocol for protein extraction and analysis by 2-D PAGE was established. It is based on phenol extraction of alkaline extracts and on a subsequent precipitation with ammonium sulphate. 2-D protein patterns obtained from different sludges collected from membrane bioreactors showed--besides common spots--significant differences. Selected proteins were identified with nano-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. All membrane biological reactor (MBR) sludge samples investigated in this study contained elastase 3A, which implies that this human serine protease is a significant constituent of municipal wastewater. Although the identification of proteins from ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea was expected, the detection of a protein with homology to the marine bacterium Saprospira grandis in MBR1 was surprising.
authors: IRSA CNR, Water Research Institute, Bari, Italy.
authors: Ramona
authors: R
authors: Kuhn
authors: Dirk
authors: D
authors: Benndorf
authors: Erdmann
authors: E
authors: Rapp
authors: Udo
authors: U
authors: Reichl
authors: Luigi Leonardo
authors: LL
authors: Palese
authors: Alfieri
authors: A
authors: Pollice