title: Enhanced expression of podoplanin in oral carcinomas in situ and squamous cell carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Podoplanin, a known lymphatic endothelial cell marker, has been reported to be expressed in various types of cancer. To elucidate the expression of podoplanin in precancerous lesions, we examined the immunohistochemical profiles of podoplanin in oral squamous epithelial lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied a total of 298 foci of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), carcinoma in situ (CIS), epithelial dysplasia, and hyperplastic and/or normal epithelial lesions by immunohistochemistry using D2-40.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no positivity for podoplanin in normal or hyperplastic epithelia, while all of the CIS and SCC foci stained positive. Approximately one third of the mild dysplasia foci (10 of 36 foci, 28%) and 80% of moderate dysplasia foci (78/98) showed grade 1 positive reactions (positive only in the 1st layer). Grade 2 reactions (up to 4th layer) were seen in 4 of 98 moderate dysplasia foci (4%), 29 of 74 CIS foci (39%), and 3 of 30 SCC foci (10%). Grade 3 reactions (to more than 5th layer) were found in 35 (47%) CIS foci and 26 (87%) SCC foci.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between the present histological categorization and podoplanin grade was statistically significant. D2-40 expression is considered to be related to the severity of oral precancerous lesions.
authors: Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan.
authors: Akinori
authors: A
authors: Funayama
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Cheng
authors: Satoshi
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authors: Maruyama
authors: Manabu
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authors: Yamazaki
authors: Takanori
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authors: Kobayashi
authors: Mei
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authors: Syafriadi
authors: Sukalyan
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authors: Kundu
authors: Susumu
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authors: Shingaki
authors: Chikara
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