title: Lack of gender influence on cortical and subcortical gray matter development in childhood-onset schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Progressive cortical gray matter (GM) abnormalities are an established feature of schizophrenia and are more pronounced in rare, severe, and treatment refractory childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) cases. The effect of sex on brain development in schizophrenia is poorly understood and studies to date have produced inconsistent results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the largest to date longitudinal sample of COS cases (n = 104, scans = 249, Male/Female [M/F] = 57/47), we compared COS sex differences with sex differences in a sample of matched typically developing children (n = 104, scans = 244, M/F = 57/47), to determine whether or not sex had differential effects on cortical and subcortical brain development in COS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed no significant differential sex effects in COS for either GM cortical thickness or subcortical volume development (sex × diagnosis × age interaction; false discovery rate q = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sex appears to play a similar role in cortical and subcortical GM development in COS as it does in normally developing children.
authors: Child Psychiatry Branch, National Institutes of Mental Health, 10/3N202, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA. brian.weisinger@nih.gov
authors: Brian
authors: B
authors: Weisinger
authors: Deanna
authors: D
authors: Greenstein
authors: Anand
authors: A
authors: Mattai
authors: Liv
authors: L
authors: Clasen
authors: Francois
authors: F
authors: Lalonde
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Feldman
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Miller
authors: Julia W
authors: JW
authors: Tossell
authors: Nora S
authors: NS
authors: Vyas
authors: Reva
authors: R
authors: Stidd
authors: Christopher
authors: C
authors: David
authors: Nitin
authors: N
authors: Gogtay
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