title: Enhanced Transport Capabilities via Nanotechnologies: Impacting Bioefficacy, Controlled Release Strategies, and Novel Chaperones.
abstract: Emerging nanotechnologies have, and will continue to have, a major impact on the pharmaceutical industry. Their influence on a drug's life cycle, inception to delivery, is rapidly expanding. As the industry moves more aggressively toward continuous manufacturing modes, utilizing Process Analytical Technology (PAT) and Process Intensification (PI) concepts, the critical role of transport phenomena becomes elucidated. The ability to transfer energy, mass, and momentum with directed purposeful outcomes is a worthwhile endeavor in establishing higher production rates more economically. Furthermore, the ability to obtain desired drug properties, such as size, habit, and morphology, through novel manufacturing strategies permits unique formulation control for optimum delivery methodologies. Bottom-up processing to obtain nano-sized crystals is an excellent example. Formulation and delivery are intimately coupled in improving bio-efficacy at reduced loading and/or better controlled release capabilities, minimizing side affects and providing improved therapeutic interventions. Innovative nanotechnology applications, such as simultaneous targeting, imaging and delivery to tumors, are now possible through use of novel chaperones. Other examples include nanoparticles attachment to T-cells, release from novel hydrogel implants, and functionalized encapsulants. Difficult tasks such as drug delivery to the brain via the blood brain barrier and/or the cerebrospinal fluid are now easier to accomplish.
authors: Microfluidics International Corporation, P.O. Box 9101, Newton, MA 02464, USA.
authors: Thomai
authors: T
authors: Panagiotou
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Fisher
references: Mol Interv. 2003 Mar;3(2):90-105, 51
references: 14993430
references: Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Dec;22(12):1539-45
references: 15568019
references: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2004 Nov;24(11):1193-204
references: 15545912
references: Biomaterials. 2006 Oct;27(30):5242-51
references: 16806456
references: Biomaterials. 2004 Jun;25(14):2789-98
references: 14962557
references: Int J Pharm. 2005 Sep 14;301(1-2):286-93
references: 16054788
references: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2004 Sep;3(9):785-96
references: 15340388
references: Drug Deliv. 2008 Aug;15(6):389-97
references: 18686083
references: Eur J Pharm Sci. 2003 Feb;18(2):113-20
references: 12594003
references: Biomacromolecules. 2010 Jul 12;11(7):1826-32
references: 20527876
references: Adv Mater. 2011 Mar 25;23(12):H105-9
references: 21365691
references: Ann Biomed Eng. 2010 Aug;38(8):2499-511
references: 20361260
references: Nano Lett. 2008 Dec;8(12):4446-53
references: 19367972
references: Langmuir. 2010 Jan 19;26(2):639-47
references: 19754064
references: Neurobiol Dis. 2010 Jan;37(1):48-57
references: 19664710
references: Nat Med. 2010 Sep;16(9):1035-41
references: 20711198
references: Chem Commun (Camb). 2010 Jun 21;46(23):4136-8
references: 20467673
references: Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2007;103:1-73
references: 17195461
references: Nanotoxicology. 2011 Dec;5(4):517-30
references: 21142841
references: Pharm Res. 2007 Sep;24(9):1733-44
references: 17554607
references: J Nucl Med. 2009 Aug;50(8):1324-31
references: 19617331
references: Science. 2002 Aug 16;297(5584):1116-8
references: 12183610
references: Biomaterials. 2006 Mar;27(9):1868-75
references: 16246413
references: J Biomech. 2010 Aug 10;43(11):2133-40
references: 20434157
references: Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006 Oct;6(5):494-500
references: 16839816