title: Health promotion behaviors of residents with hypertension in Iwate, Japan and North Carolina, USA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the health promotion practises of rural residents in northern Japan (n = 212) to those in south-eastern North Carolina, USA (n = 105), using the Health Promotion Lifestyle II (HPLP) scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparative and descriptive design examined the relationships between health-related behaviors and demographic and physiological variables, and compared cross-cultural patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Japanese participants scored significantly higher on the total HPLP II score, as well as on the subscales of health responsibility, nutrition, interpersonal support, and stress management. No significant differences were found in the HPLP II subscales for spiritual growth or physical activity between the groups. The subscale scores for both the participants from Japan and the participants from North Carolina were lowest for physical activity. For the participants from North Carolina, the HPLP II subscale scores were highest for spirituality and interpersonal relationships. The predictive factors of variation in the scores of the HPLP II for the participants from North Carolina included being married and not working. No significant demographic predictor was found for the HPLP II scores of the Japanese participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study's findings add to an increased understanding of the cultural variations in the health-promoting behaviors of persons with hypertension. Providing health promotion strategies for hypertension remains an urgent issue for nurses and other health-care providers in both Japan and North Carolina, USA.
authors: School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA. kemppainenj@uncw.edu
authors: Jeanne
authors: J
authors: Kemppainen
authors: Perri J
authors: PJ
authors: Bomar
authors: Kazuko
authors: K
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Yuriko
authors: Y
authors: Kanematsu
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Ambo
authors: Kyoko
authors: K
authors: Noguchi