title: Pancreatic cancer screening employing noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging combined with ultrasonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have conducted an initial evaluation on the potential of combining noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography (US) to screen for pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  An independent ethics committee approved this study. A total of 2511 patients who underwent US were enrolled. Among them, noncontrast MRI was performed in patients in whom the entire pancreas was difficult to depict or in those with US-suspected pancreatic lesions. In total, using 1.5-T MRI, T1- and T2-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and diffusion-weighted imaging, we acquired a variety of images. The efficacy of US and MRI in screening for pancreatic lesions, including pancreatic cancer, was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 2511 patients, 184 underwent MRI, and the pancreas was demonstrated in all of them. Among the 2511, five pancreatic cancers were detected by MRI combined with US (detection rate 0.20%). Of the five pancreatic cancers, three were detected by US (detection rate 0.12%) and two by MRI. Four of the five pancreatic cancers were resectable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By combining noncontrast MRI with US, pancreatic cancer can be detected with high accuracy. Other pancreatic lesions that require follow-up, including intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, can also be detected. Thus, pancreatic cancer screening with a combination of US and MRI is suggested.
authors: Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. skuroki@ncc.go.jp
authors: Seiko
authors: S
authors: Kuroki-Suzuki
authors: Yoshifumi
authors: Y
authors: Kuroki
authors: Katsuhiro
authors: K
authors: Nasu
authors: Chieko
authors: C
authors: Nagashima
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Machida
authors: Yukio
authors: Y
authors: Muramatsu
authors: Noriyuki
authors: N
authors: Moriyama
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