title: The effects of low-level laser irradiation on differentiation and proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons and osteoblasts--an in vitro study.
abstract: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are promising for use in regenerative medicine. Several studies have shown that low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) could affect the differentiation and proliferation of MSCs. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of LLLI at different energy densities on BMSCs differentiation into neuron and osteoblast. Human BMSCs were cultured and induced to differentiate to either neuron or osteoblast in the absence or presence of LLLI. Gallium aluminum arsenide (GaAlAs) laser irradiation (810 nm) was applied at days 1, 3, and 5 of differentiation process at energy densities of 3 or 6 J/cm(2) for BMSCs being induced to neurons, and 2 or 4 J/cm(2) for BMSCs being induced to osteoblasts. BMSCs proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay on the seventh day of differentiation. BMSCs differentiation to neurons was assessed by immunocytochemical analysis of neuron-specific enolase on the seventh day of differentiation. BMSCs differentiation to osteoblast was tested on the second, fifth, seventh, and tenth day of differentiation via analysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. LLLI promoted BMSCs proliferation significantly at all energy densities except for 6 J/cm(2) in comparison to control groups on the seventh day of differentiation. LLLI at energy densities of 3 and 6 J/cm(2) dramatically facilitated the differentiation of BMSCs into neurons (p < 0.001). Also, ALP activity was significantly enhanced in irradiated BMSCs differentiated to osteoblast on the second, fifth, seventh, and tenth day of differentiation (p < 0.001 except for the second day). Using LLLI at 810 nm wavelength enhances BMSCs differentiation into neuron and osteoblast in the range of 2-6 J/cm(2), and at the same time increases BMSCs proliferation (except for 6 J/cm(2)). The effect of LLLI on differentiation and proliferation of BMSCs is dose-dependent. Considering these findings, LLLI could improve current in vitro methods of differentiating BMSCs prior to transplantation.
authors: Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. soleim_m@modares.ac.ir
authors: Masoud
authors: M
authors: Soleimani
authors: Ehsan
authors: E
authors: Abbasnia
authors: Mehdi
authors: M
authors: Fathi
authors: Hedayat
authors: H
authors: Sahraei
authors: Yashar
authors: Y
authors: Fathi
authors: Gholamreza
authors: G
authors: Kaka
references: Lasers Surg Med. 2000;27(3):255-61
references: 11013387
references: Tissue Eng. 2005 Jul-Aug;11(7-8):1198-211
references: 16144456
references: Lasers Surg Med. 1994;14(1):34-9
references: 8127205
references: Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2009 Oct-Dec;20(5-6):419-27
references: 19926330
references: Lasers Med Sci. 2006 Apr;21(1):24-33
references: 16568210
references: Postgrad Med J. 2005 Jul;81(957):436-41
references: 15998818
references: Photochem Photobiol. 1990 Dec;52(6):1089-98
references: 2087499
references: Folia Biol (Praha). 2003;49(1):9-14
references: 12630663
references: Lasers Surg Med. 2008 Aug;40(6):433-8
references: 18649378
references: Lasers Med Sci. 2005 Dec;20(3-4):138-46
references: 16292614
references: Lasers Med Sci. 2008 Jul;23(3):277-82
references: 17713825
references: Am J Surg. 1971 Oct;122(4):532-5
references: 5098661
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Nov 10;350(1):138-46
references: 16997271
references: Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2008;120(3-4):112-7
references: 18322773
references: Lasers Surg Med. 2009 Aug;41(6):463-9
references: 19588531
references: Photomed Laser Surg. 2005 Apr;23(2):161-6
references: 15910179
references: Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2009 Oct;20(5):531-6
references: 19783424
references: Photomed Laser Surg. 2007 Aug;25(4):275-80
references: 17803384
references: Lasers Surg Med. 2008 Dec;40(10):726-33
references: 19065562
references: Lasers Surg Med. 2009 Apr;41(4):291-7
references: 19347941
references: Biomaterials. 2005 Jun;26(17):3503-9
references: 15621240
references: Cytotherapy. 2007;9(2):170-83
references: 17453969
references: Lasers Surg Med. 1998;22(4):212-8
references: 9603282
references: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2005 Apr 1;73(1):55-62
references: 15704112