title: Age is positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol among African Americans in cross-sectional analysis: the Jackson Heart Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  African Americans have historically had high high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with other races and ethnicities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to characterize whether there is a cross-sectional association between age and HDL-C in a contemporary community-based study of African Americans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data were modeled by logistic regression for predictors of HDL-C among African Americans, ages 35-74, participating in the baseline examination of a community-based study of cardiovascular disease in Jackson, Mississippi, during 2000-2004. After excluding persons taking lipid-lowering medications, hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptives, or thyroid replacement, the analytical data set comprised 2420 persons (1370 women, 1050 men).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HDL-C had a significant positive association with age after controlling for serum triglycerides, sex, waist circumference, percent dietary calories from carbohydrates, alcohol use, and leisure physical activity. Sex was a significant effect modifier of this relationship, whereby the increase in HDL-C with age was steeper for women than for men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cross-sectional analysis found a positive association of HDL-C with age while controlling for triglycerides. Careful evaluation of longitudinal data will be needed to confirm whether this is a true effect of aging, or a cohort or survivor effect.
authors: Program in Prevention and Population Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Rockledge Drive, Suite 10018, Bethesda, MD 20982-7936, USA. Electronic address: harmanj@mail.nih.gov.
authors: Jane L
authors: JL
authors: Harman
authors: University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors: Michael E
authors: ME
authors: Griswold
authors: Office of Biostatistics Research, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors: Neal O
authors: NO
authors: Jeffries
authors: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors: Anne E
authors: AE
authors: Sumner
authors: Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors: Daniel F
authors: DF
authors: Sarpong
authors: Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors: Ermeg L
authors: EL
authors: Akylbekova
authors: Program in Prevention and Population Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors: Evelyn R
authors: ER
authors: Walker
authors: University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors: Sharon B
authors: SB
authors: Wyatt
authors: Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, USA; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; Tougaloo College, Tougaloo, MS, USA.
authors: Herman A
authors: HA
authors: Taylor
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