title: Variations of the aortic arch - a study on the most common branching patterns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anatomical variants of the aortic arch and its branching patterns often appear as an incidental finding during routine computed tomography (CT) scanning. These variations can be of relevance when performing angiography or endovascular interventions and may cause symptoms such as dysphagia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze common anatomical variations found within the arteries originating from the aortic arch in patients using contrast CT imaging techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2033 contrast CT scans were analyzed. To obtain a truly representative sample, cases were chosen from different hospital departments without previous knowledge of the patient history.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total percentage of variations within the analyzed patients was 13.3%. In 8.0% a truncus bicaroticus was found. 4.2% of the patients showed a left vertebral artery originating directly from the aortic arch, mostly proximal, and in 1 case distal to the left subclavian artery. In 1.0% we found an aberrant right subclavian artery. We also found a single case of a right descending aortic arch.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Variations of the aortic arch and its branching are frequently found, mostly as an incidental finding during routine diagnostic scanning. A contrast-enhanced CT scan is a good method with which to study the aortic arch and its associated branching pattern.
authors: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Section Neuroradiology, University Ulm, Germany. marguerite.mueller@uni-ulm.de
authors: Marguerite
authors: M
authors: Müller
authors: Bernd L
authors: BL
authors: Schmitz
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Pauls
authors: Melanie
authors: M
authors: Schick
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Röhrer
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Kapapa
authors: Wiebke
authors: W
authors: Schlötzer