title: The predictive value of immunohistochemical markers in untreated Wilms' tumour: are they useful?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study reevaluates the potential role of different tumour markers as prognostic indicators in untreated nephroblastoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of a broad panel of tumour markers was investigated by means of immunohistochemical analysis in 43 WT patients. Patients were treated by radical nephrectomy and had a mean follow-up of 11.9 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Generally, all the tumour markers studied were expressed in normal kidney tissue and at variable levels in the three cell types of WT (blastema, epithelium and stroma). Immunoreactive blastemal (Bcl-X, Bcl-2 and CD44s) and epithelial (Bcl-X, Bcl-2 and MIB-1) cells were present in the majority of tumours. No correlation was found between their expression and pathological stages. Univariate analysis showed that blastemal WT-1, TGF-α, VEGF, MIB-1 and p27 Kip1 were indicative for clinical progression. In a multivariate analysis, WT-1 protein expression by blastemal cells was an independent prognostic marker for clinical progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The blastemal WT-1, TGF-α, VEGF, MIB-1 and p27Kip1 expression correlate with clinical progression in untreated nephroblastoma. Therefore, their expression may be of value in identifying patients with a high propensity to develop distant metastases.
authors: Department Urology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. mazenghanem@yahoo.com
authors: Mazen A
authors: MA
authors: Ghanem
authors: Theo H
authors: TH
authors: van der Kwast
authors: W M
authors: WM
authors: Molenaar
authors: Manal A
authors: MA
authors: Safan
authors: Rien J
authors: RJ
authors: Nijman
authors: Gert Jan
authors: GJ
authors: van Steenbrugge
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