title: Multicolored electrochromism in 4,4'-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester.
abstract: We investigated the properties of 4,4'-biphenyl dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (PCE). The PCE underwent a 2-step reduction at -1.5 V and -2.2 V. The color of the PCE changed from colorless to yellow in the first step and consequently to red in the second reduction step. A PCE based EC cell using an NiO-modified electrode was also fabricated. The NiO electrode worked as a counter reaction material for PCE reduction. The PCE-NiO cell achieved multi-coloration ranging from colorless to yellow and red, and also achieved high coloration efficiency and long term switching stability.
authors: Department of Image and Materials Science, Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University, CHIBA, 263-8522, Japan.
authors: Kinji
authors: K
authors: Imaizumi
authors: Yuichi
authors: Y
authors: Watanabe
authors: Kazuki
authors: K
authors: Nakamura
authors: Takashige
authors: T
authors: Omatsu
authors: Norihisa
authors: N
authors: Kobayashi