title: Distribution and selection of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate production capacity in methanotrophic proteobacteria.
abstract: Methanotrophs are known to produce poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), but there is conflicting evidence in the literature as to which genera produce the polymer. We screened type I and II proteobacterial methanotrophs that use the ribulose monophosphate and serine pathways for carbon assimilation, respectively, for both phaC, which encodes for PHB synthase, and the ability to produce PHB under nitrogen-limited conditions. Twelve strains from six different genera were evaluated. All type I strains tested negative for phaC and PHB production; all Type II strains tested positive for phaC and PHB production. In order to identify conditions that favor PHB production, we also evaluated a range of selection conditions using a diverse activated sludge inoculum. Use of medium typically recommended for methanotroph enrichment led to enrichments dominated by type I methanotrophs. Conditions that were selected for enrichments dominated by PHB-producing Type II methanotrophs were: (1) use of nitrogen gas as the sole nitrogen source in the absence of copper, (2) use of a dilute mineral salts media in the absence of copper, and (3) use of media prepared at pH values of 4-5.
authors: Environmental Engineering and Science, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors: Allison J
authors: AJ
authors: Pieja
authors: Katherine H
authors: KH
authors: Rostkowski
authors: Craig S
authors: CS
authors: Criddle
references: J Appl Microbiol. 2006 Aug;101(2):387-95
references: 16882146
references: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2002 Jan;52(Pt 1):251-261
references: 11837310
references: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Nov;65(11):5066-74
references: 10543824
references: J Biotechnol. 2005 Apr 20;117(1):119-29
references: 15831253
references: Mikrobiologiia. 2008 Jul-Aug;77(4):566-9
references: 18825985
references: J Basic Microbiol. 2007 Oct;47(5):426-35
references: 17910095
references: Nature. 2007 Dec 6;450(7171):874-8
references: 18004305
references: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2005 Sep;55(Pt 5):1817-1826
references: 16166672
references: J Bacteriol. 1964 Oct;88:1065-70
references: 14219020
references: Microbiol Rev. 1990 Dec;54(4):450-72
references: 2087222
references: Biotechnol Bioeng. 1995 Feb 5;45(3):229-38
references: 18623142
references: Mikrobiologiia. 2002 Nov-Dec;71(6):741-54
references: 12526194
references: Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 1999 Mar;63(1):21-53
references: 10066830
references: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. 2001 Jan;26(1/2):15-21
references: 11360167
references: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Feb;73(3):798-807
references: 17122398
references: J Biol Chem. 1998 Apr 3;273(14):7957-66
references: 9525893
references: J Biotechnol. 2001 Mar 30;86(2):127-33
references: 11245901
references: Nature. 2007 Dec 6;450(7171):879-82
references: 18004300
references: Biomacromolecules. 2005 Mar-Apr;6(2):561-5
references: 15762613
references: Can J Microbiol. 1960 Feb;6:1-7
references: 14399921
references: J Appl Microbiol. 2008 Oct;105(4):1054-61
references: 18422550
references: FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2004 Feb 1;47(2):179-89
references: 19712333
references: Microbiol Rev. 1996 Jun;60(2):439-71
references: 8801441
references: Microbiol Rev. 1981 Dec;45(4):556-90
references: 6799761
references: J Biotechnol. 1998 Oct 27;65(2-3):127-61
references: 9828458
references: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Nov;65(11):4887-97
references: 10543800
references: J Bacteriol. 1996 Feb;178(4):1018-29
references: 8576034
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 8;105(1):300-4
references: 18172218
references: Microb Ecol. 1993 Jan;25(1):1-17
references: 24189703
references: Environ Microbiol Rep. 2009 Oct;1(5):293-306
references: 23765882
references: Microbiology (Reading). 2000 Aug;146 ( Pt 8):2019-2025
references: 10931906
references: J Bacteriol. 2001 Feb;183(3):1038-46
references: 11208803
references: PLoS Biol. 2004 Oct;2(10):e303
references: 15383840
references: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1992 Apr;58(4):1398-401
references: 16348705
references: J Bacteriol. 1960 Sep;80:321-4
references: 13750963
references: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2000 May;50 Pt 3:955-969
references: 10843033
references: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Sep;67(9):4009-16
references: 11525998
references: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2003 Sep;53(Pt 5):1231-1239
references: 13130000