title: Bilateral visual loss as a sole manifestation complicating carotid cavernous fistula.
abstract: Visual loss is one of the ocular symptoms resulting from a carotid cavernous fistula (CCF), but has rarely been reported as the sole manifestation in CCF. Visual impairment is known to be associated with a poor outcome unless timely intervention is employed. Herein, the authors report a patient with bilateral rapid progressing visual loss as a sole manifestation in CCF. Vision was successfully restored by transarterial embolization. The authors discuss the necessity of urgent fistula obliteration in patients with visual loss.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
authors: Jeong-Keun
authors: JK
authors: Yu
authors: Gyojun
authors: G
authors: Hwang
authors: Seung Hun
authors: SH
authors: Sheen
authors: Yong-Jun
authors: YJ
authors: Cho
references: Am J Ophthalmol. 1987 Jul 15;104(1):86-7
references: 3605287
references: Br J Ophthalmol. 1984 Feb;68(2):128-34
references: 6691956
references: Can J Surg. 1979 Sep;22(5):452-5
references: 497914
references: Int Ophthalmol. 1999;23(1):43-7
references: 11008898
references: Neurosurgery. 1980 Nov;7(5):480-3
references: 7442994
references: Arch Ophthalmol. 1981 Sep;99(9):1600-3
references: 7283811
references: Neurosurgery. 2003 Jan;52(1):233-6; discussion 236-7
references: 12493124
references: Surg Neurol. 2006 Jul;66(1):82-5; discussion 85
references: 16793452
references: Br J Ophthalmol. 1969 Feb;53(2):82-97
references: 5773469
references: Arch Neurol. 1991 May;48(5):490-7
references: 2021362
references: J Clin Neuroophthalmol. 1985 Mar;5(1):37-40
references: 3156887