title: In situ and in vivo study of nasal absorption of paeonol in rats.
abstract: The objective of this work was to study the in situ and in vivo nasal absorption of paeonol. A novel single pass in situ nasal perfusion technique was applied to examine the rate and extent of nasal absorption of paeonol by rats. Various experimental conditions, such as perfusion rate, pH, osmotic pressure and drug concentration, were investigated. The in situ experiments showed that the nasal absorption of paeonol was not dependent on drug concentration, and fitted a first order process. The absorption rate constant, Ka, increased with an increase in perfusion speed. Paeonol was better absorbed in acidic solutions than in neutral or alkaline solutions. The value of Ka was higher in a hypertonic environment than under isotonic or hypotonic conditions. In vivo studies of paeonol absorption were carried out in rats and the pharmacokinetics parameters of intranasal (i.n.) and intragastric (i.g.) administration were compared with intravenous (i.v.) administration. The bioavailabilities of paeonol were 52.37% and 15.81% for i.n. and i.g, respectively, while T(max) values were 3.05 ± 1.46 min and 6.30 ± 0.70 min. MRT (Mean Residence Time) were 23.19 ± 6.46 min, 41.49 ± 2.96 min and 23.09 ± 5.88 min for i.n., i.g. and i.v. methods, respectively. The results demonstrate that paeonol could be absorbed promptly and thoroughly by i.n. administration in rats.
authors: School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No.6, Zhonghuan South Road, Wangjing, Chaoyang district, Beijing 100102, China; E-Mails: chenxiaolan76@126.com (X.C.); landocean88126.com (Y.L.); dushouying@263.net (S.D.).
authors: Xiaolan
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Lu
authors: Shouying
authors: S
authors: Du
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Xu
authors: Shan
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Yongsong
authors: Y
authors: Zhai
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Song
authors: Pengyue
authors: P
authors: Li
references: Arch Pharm Res. 2010 May;33(5):691-6
references: 20512466
references: Eur J Pharm Sci. 2000 Jul;11(1):1-18
references: 10913748
references: J Pharm Pharmacol. 1994 May;46(5):378-9
references: 8083811
references: Zhong Yao Cai. 1997 Dec;20(12):626-8
references: 12572506
references: J Pharm Pharmacol. 1991 Jun;43(6):449-51
references: 1681064
references: Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2008 Mar;68(3):694-700
references: 17945473
references: Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1998 Dec;19(9):571-5
references: 9872338