title: MMP28 (epilysin) as a novel promoter of invasion and metastasis in gastric cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate invasion and metastasis related genes in gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The transwell migration assay was used to select a highly invasive sub-line from minimally invasive parent gastric cancer cells, and gene expression was compared using a microarray. MMP28 upregulation was confirmed using qRT-PCR. MMP28 immunohistochemistry was performed in normal and gastric cancer specimens. Invasiveness and tumor formation of stable cells overexpressing MMP28 were tested in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMP28 was overexpressed in the highly invasive sub-cell line. Immunohistochemistry revealed MMP28 expression was markedly increased in gastric carcinoma relative to normal epithelia, and was significantly associated with depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and poorer overall survival. Ectopic expression of MMP28 indicated MMP28 promoted tumor cell invasion in vitro and increased gastric carcinoma metastasis in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates MMP28 is frequently overexpressed during progression of gastric carcinoma, and contributes to tumor cell invasion and metastasis. MMP28 may be a novel therapeutic target for prevention and treatment of metastases in gastric cancer.
authors: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
authors: Pan
authors: P
authors: Jian
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Yanfang
authors: Zhou
authors: Z
authors: Zhuan
authors: Wang
authors: W
authors: Jian
authors: Zhu
authors: Z
authors: Xueming
authors: Ni
authors: N
authors: Jian
references: Carcinogenesis. 2006 Jun;27(6):1222-31
references: 16344271
references: Br J Cancer. 2006 Feb 27;94(4):569-77
references: 16465195
references: Oncol Rep. 2010 Jul;24(1):105-12
references: 20514450
references: Mol Hum Reprod. 2003 Apr;9(4):205-11
references: 12651902
references: Cancer Res. 2005 Apr 15;65(8):3092-9
references: 15833838
references: Drugs. 2001;61(11):1545-51
references: 11577792
references: Hum Gene Ther. 2009 Jan;20(1):41-9
references: 20377370
references: J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Jul;119(1):14-21
references: 12164918
references: Biomed Environ Sci. 2000 Dec;13(4):287-92
references: 11351862
references: CA Cancer J Clin. 2007 Jan-Feb;57(1):43-66
references: 17237035
references: Br J Cancer. 2006 Apr 10;94(7):941-6
references: 16538215
references: Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2001;17:463-516
references: 11687497
references: Carcinogenesis. 2009 Oct;30(10):1660-9
references: 19625348
references: Int J Cancer. 2008 Feb 15;122(4):734-41
references: 17849475
references: J Cell Sci. 2006 Sep 15;119(Pt 18):3856-65
references: 16940349
references: Oral Oncol. 2006 Oct;42(9):907-13
references: 16730219
references: Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 Jun;3(6):453-8
references: 12778135
references: Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Dec;50(12):4074-5; author reply 4075
references: 15593191
references: Cancer Res. 2006 Aug 15;66(16):8091-9
references: 16912186
references: Gene. 2001 Sep 5;275(1):185-94
references: 11574168
references: Gut. 2006 Nov;55(11):1545-52
references: 16603635
references: Br J Surg. 2000 Feb;87(2):236-42
references: 10671934
references: Exp Dermatol. 2008 Nov;17(11):897-907
references: 18803661
references: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2010 Mar;69(3):215-23
references: 20142769
references: Int J Mol Med. 2006 Jun;17(6):1085-91
references: 16685420
references: Dig Dis Sci. 2004 Apr;49(4):653-61
references: 15185874
references: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Sep 16;335(1):27-35
references: 16051185
references: Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(4):R124
references: 16859525
references: Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2005 Oct;17(5):524-32
references: 16112853
references: Gene. 2001 Mar 7;265(1-2):87-93
references: 11255011
references: World J Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan 21;12(3):354-62
references: 16489633
references: J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):10134-44
references: 11121398