title: Detection of early response to temozolomide treatment in brain tumors using hyperpolarized 13C MR metabolic imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the feasibility of using DNP hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]-pyruvate to measure early response to temozolomide (TMZ) therapy using an orthotopic human glioblastoma xenograft model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty athymic rats with intracranial implantation of human glioblastoma cells were divided into two groups: one group received an oral administration of 100 mg/kg TMZ (n = 10) and the control group received vehicle only (n = 10). (13)C 3D magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data were acquired following injection of 2.5 mL (100 mM) hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]-pyruvate using a 3T scanner prior to treatment (day D0), at D1 (days from treatment) or D2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor metabolism as assessed by the ratio of lactate to pyruvate (Lac/Pyr) was significantly altered at D1 for the TMZ-treated group but tumor volume did not show a reduction until D5 to D7. The percent change in Lac/Pyr from baseline was statistically different between the two groups at D1 and D2 (P < 0.008), while percent tumor volume was not (P > 0.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this study suggest that metabolic imaging with hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]-pyruvate may provide a unique tool that clinical neuro-oncologists can use in the future to monitor tumor response to therapy for patients with brain tumors.
authors: Surbeck Laboratory of Advanced Imaging, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. Ilwoo.Park@ucsf.edu
authors: Ilwoo
authors: I
authors: Park
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Bok
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Ozawa
authors: Joanna J
authors: JJ
authors: Phillips
authors: C David
authors: CD
authors: James
authors: Daniel B
authors: DB
authors: Vigneron
authors: Sabrina M
authors: SM
authors: Ronen
authors: Sarah J
authors: SJ
authors: Nelson
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