title: Dose-response effects of TPI ASM8 in asthmatics after allergen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  TPI ASM8 contains two modified antisense oligonucleotides (AON) targeting the beta subunit (β(c) ) of the IL-3, IL-5, GM-CSF receptors and the chemokine receptor CCR3. A previous study suggested that TPI ASM8 had broader effects than just inhibition of eosinophils in asthmatics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We assessed whether TPI ASM8 caused a dose-dependent attenuation in the inflammatory and physiological changes after inhaled allergen challenge (AIC).
  
  
  METHODS
  This single-center, open-label, stepwise-ascending dose study was conducted in fourteen stable, mild allergic asthmatics. Following placebo AIC, subjects underwent AIC after 4 days treatment with 1, 2, and 4 mg BID and finally 8 mg once daily (OD) of TPI ASM8, inhaled via the I-Neb™ nebuliser. Treatments were separated by 2-3-week washout periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TPI ASM8 was safe and well tolerated at all doses. TPI ASM8 8 mg OD reduced eosinophils in sputum after AIC (by 60.9% at 7 h and 68.4% at 24 h post-AIC, P=0.016 and P=0.007, respectively). Additionally, TPI ASM8 8 mg OD significantly attenuated the early and late airway responses as shown by the reduction in the area under the curve by 45% (P=0.016) and 59%, (P=0.0015), respectively, the increase in eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) by up to 57% (P=0.021), and airway responsiveness to methacholine by more than 1 doubling dose (P=0.012). A dose-response relationship was noted, and efficacy was maintained with once per day administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TPI ASM8 attenuated a broad range of inflammatory and physiological changes after AIC, suggesting that CCR3, IL-3, and GM-CSF also are important targets for the management of asthma.
authors: McMaster University, 1200 Main St West, Hamilton,Ontario, Canada. gauvreau@mcmaster.ca
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