title: Clinical profile of diabetes in the young seen between 1992 and 2009 at a specialist diabetes centre in south India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the trends and clinical profile of young diabetic patients (YD) attending a tertiary diabetes centre in south India.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed medical records of 2630 YD patients (age at onset ≤25 years) registered between 1992 and 2009. Patients were classified as type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and other types. Retinopathy was assessed initially by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and later by retinal photography, nephropathy if urine protein excretion was >500 mg/day, neuropathy if vibration perception threshold on biothesiometry was ≥20 V.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of YD patients rose from 0.55% in 1992 to 2.5% in 2009 (trend chi square, 15.1, p<0.001). Of the 2630 YD subjects registered, 1135 (43.2%) had T1DM, 1262 (48.0%) had T2DM, 118 (4.5%) had GDM and 115 (4.4%) other types. T1DM patients were younger, had lower body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and less family history of diabetes compared to T2DM (p<0.001 for each). Retinopathy was seen in 71.9% and 77.3% nephropathy in 22.1% and 12.1% and neuropathy in 34.5% and 21.4% of T2DM and T1DM respectively in those with ≥15 years duration of diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The percentage of YD in south India is increasing, predominantly due to early onset T2DM.
authors: Madras Diabetes Research Foundation & Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Colloborating Centre for Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, IDF Centre for Education, 4, Conran Smith Road, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India.
authors: Anandakumar
authors: A
authors: Amutha
authors: Manjula
authors: M
authors: Datta
authors: Ittianath Ranjith
authors: IR
authors: Unnikrishnan
authors: Ranjit Mohan
authors: RM
authors: Anjana
authors: Mohan
authors: M
authors: Rema
authors: Kabayam M Venkat
authors: KM
authors: Narayan
authors: Viswanathan
authors: V
authors: Mohan