title: Physical inactivity in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are likely to become physically inactive, because of their motor, mental, and emotional symptoms. However, specific studies on physical activity in PD are scarce, and results are conflicting. Here, we quantified daily physical activities in a large cohort of PD patients and another large cohort of matched controls. Moreover, we investigated the influence of disease-related factors on daily physical activities in PD patients. Daily physical activity data of PD patients (n = 699) were collected in the ParkinsonNet trial and of controls (n = 1,959) in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA); data were determined using the LAPAQ, a validated physical activity questionnaire. In addition, variables that may affect daily physical activities in PD were recorded, including motor symptoms, depression, disability in daily life, and comorbidity. Patients were physically less active; a reduction of 29% compared to controls (95% CI, 10-44%). Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that greater disease severity, gait impairment, and greater disability in daily living were associated with less daily physical activity in PD (R (2) = 24%). In this large study, we show that PD patients are about one-third less active compared to controls. While disease severity, gait, and disability in daily living predicted part of the inactivity, a portion of the variance remained unexplained, suggesting that additional determinants may also affect daily physical activities in PD. Because physical inactivity has many adverse consequences, work is needed to develop safe and enjoyable exercise programs for patients with PD.
authors: Department of Neurology, Nijmegen Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. M.Munneke@neuro.umcn.nl
authors: Marlies
authors: M
authors: van Nimwegen
authors: Arlène D
authors: AD
authors: Speelman
authors: Esther J M
authors: EJ
authors: Hofman-van Rossum
authors: Sebastiaan
authors: S
authors: Overeem
authors: Dorly J H
authors: DJ
authors: Deeg
authors: George F
authors: GF
authors: Borm
authors: Marleen H L
authors: MH
authors: van der Horst
authors: Bastiaan R
authors: BR
authors: Bloem
authors: Marten
authors: M
authors: Munneke
references: Neurology. 1997 Jan;48(1):88-91
references: 9008499
references: CMAJ. 2006 Mar 14;174(6):801-9
references: 16534088
references: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004 Jun;75(6):884-8
references: 15146006
references: Mov Disord. 2003 Jul;18(7):738-50
references: 12815652
references: J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect. 1993;5(2):157-61
references: 8333910
references: Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2000 Jul 1;6(3):165-170
references: 10817956
references: Behav Neurol. 2006;17(2):109-15
references: 16873922
references: J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995 Feb;43(2):130-7
references: 7836636
references: Mov Disord. 2009 Jul 30;24(10):1512-8
references: 19514069
references: Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2009 Jul-Aug;31(4):306-15
references: 19555789
references: Gerontology. 2007;53(5):293-7
references: 17536206
references: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002 Nov;50(11):1774-81
references: 12410894
references: Mov Disord. 2010 Oct 15;25(13):2114-20
references: 20721926
references: J Clin Epidemiol. 2004 Mar;57(3):252-8
references: 15066685
references: Lancet Neurol. 2010 Jan;9(1):46-54
references: 19959398
references: JAMA. 2008 Sep 3;300(9):1027-37
references: 18768414
references: Disabil Rehabil. 2006 Nov 30;28(22):1365-71
references: 17071567
references: Arch Neurol. 1999 Jan;56(1):33-9
references: 9923759
references: J Clin Epidemiol. 2002 Apr;55(4):319-28
references: 11927198
references: Neurology. 1967 May;17(5):427-42
references: 6067254
references: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Oct;37(10):1774-84
references: 16260980
references: Phys Ther. 2001 Feb;81(2):810-8
references: 11175678
references: Nurs Res. 2003 Mar-Apr;52(2):80-8
references: 12657983
references: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993 Jan;25(1):71-80
references: 8292105
references: BMC Neurol. 2010 Aug 19;10:70
references: 20723221
references: Age Ageing. 2004 May;33(3):287-92
references: 15082435
references: J Gerontol. 1990 Nov;45(6):P239-43
references: 2229948
references: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1993 Aug;56(8):874-7
references: 8350103
references: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005 Nov;37(11 Suppl):S544-54
references: 16294117
references: Gait Posture. 2010 Jul;32(3):386-90
references: 20655228
references: Arch Intern Med. 1999 Oct 25;159(19):2349-56
references: 10547175
references: J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002 Jun;56(6):473-8
references: 12011209
references: Mov Disord. 2010 May 15;25(7):823-9
references: 20461798
references: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002 Dec;34(12):1996-2001
references: 12471307
references: J Neurosci. 2007 May 16;27(20):5291-300
references: 17507552
references: Mov Disord. 2008 Apr 15;23(5):631-40
references: 18181210
references: Gerontology. 2009;55(1):64-72
references: 18566534
references: Clin Rehabil. 2001 Apr;15(2):221-8
references: 11330768
references: Circulation. 2007 Aug 28;116(9):1081-93
references: 17671237
references: Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009 Oct;107(3):251-71
references: 19609553