title: The effect of oral clonidine premedication on blood loss and the quality of the surgical field during endoscopic sinus surgery: a placebo-controlled clinical trial.
abstract: Bleeding during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) remains a challenge for both surgeons and anesthesiologists despite several modalities available for improving the surgical field. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral clonidine premedication on blood loss and the quality of the surgical field in FESS. In a placebo-controlled clinical trial, a total of 84 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis were randomly allocated to receive either oral clonidine 0.2 mg or identical-looking placebo tablets 90 min before arrival at the operating room. Blood loss in the clonidine group was 214 ± 67 ml on average and that in the placebo group was 276 ± 78 ml (mean ± SD, p < 0.01). The median (range) bleeding score in the clonidine group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (2 (1-3) vs. 2.5 (2-4), p < 0.0001). Accordingly, the surgeon was more satisfied with the surgical field in the clonidine group than with that in the placebo group (median score, 4 (3-5) vs. 3 (1-5), p < 0.001). In conclusion, premedication with oral clonidine 0.2 mg can effectively reduce bleeding during FESS.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Sadi Hospital, Khodaverdi Alley, Sadi Blv, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Masood
authors: M
authors: Mohseni
authors: Amin
authors: A
authors: Ebneshahidi
references: Laryngoscope. 2008 Feb;118(2):314-9
references: 17989575
references: Anesthesiology. 1991 Mar;74(3):581-605
references: 1672060
references: Anesthesiology. 1989 Aug;71(2):178-87
references: 2502935
references: Can J Anaesth. 1995 May;42(5 Pt 1):373-6
references: 7614641
references: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1990 Nov;34(8):653-7
references: 2275326
references: Br J Anaesth. 1999 Apr;82(4):639-40
references: 10472237
references: Laryngoscope. 1992 Jul;102(7):820-3
references: 1614253
references: Acta Anaesthesiol Sin. 2000 Mar;38(1):23-9
references: 11000660
references: Am J Physiol. 1992 Dec;263(6 Pt 2):R1291-7
references: 1481941
references: Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2010 Apr;54(4):397-402
references: 20085541
references: Am J Rhinol. 2005 May-Jun;19(3):288-92
references: 16011136