title: [The effect of the regimen containing cefoxitin on highly drug-resistant rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of the regimen containing cefoxitin on highly drug-resistant rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterial (RGM) pulmonary disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January to December 2007, 16 patients with RGM pulmonary disease, who had been treated for 6-48 months, average (15 ± 11) months but still sputum positive, were included in the study and treated with a new regimen containing cefoxitin, fluoroquinolone, macrolide, and SMZco. Cefoxitin was used in the first 3 months and the total duration of therapy was 18 months. Sputum conversion rate, radiology change and side effects were observed before and after the therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Underlying chronic diseases including COPD (n = 2), tuberculosis (n = 3), bone-marrow transplantation due to chronic leukemia (n = 1) and bronchiectasis (n = 5), were present in 11 patients. Main symptoms before therapy were cough and expectoration. There were multi-focal patchy, small nodular shadows with cavities on CT scans. The 16 clinical strains were highly resistant to anti-tuberculous drugs: 15/16 to streptomycin, 16/16 to isoniazid, 14/16 to rifampin, 13/16 to ethambutol, 14/15 to amikacin, 15/15 to capreomycin and 14/15 to ofloxacin. After treatment, the clinical symptoms improved in all patients. Eight of the 16 patients became sputum negative by 6 months which lasted to the end of the therapy, while another 8 patients remained sputum positive. Six patients showed radiological improvement. No one experienced side effects induced by cefoxitin. The total cure rate was 8/16.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The regimen containing cefoxitin has certain effect on highly drug-resistant nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, especially for RGM.
authors: Department of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Sha
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Liang
authors: Rui-hua
authors: RH
authors: Jiang
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Fang
authors: Hong-yun
authors: HY
authors: Yin
authors: He-ping
authors: HP
authors: Xiao