title: Phase-field model of solid-liquid phase transition with density difference and latent heat in velocity and elastic fields.
abstract: We present a phase-field model of solid-liquid transitions with inhomogeneous temperature in one-component systems, including hydrodynamics and elasticity. Our model can describe plastic deformations at large elastic strains. We use it to investigate the melting of a solid domain, accounting for the latent heat effect, where there appears a velocity field in liquid and an elastic field in solid. We present simulation results in two dimensions for three cases of melting. First, a solid domain is placed on a heated wall, which melts mostly near the solid-liquid-wall contact region. Second, a solid domain is suspended in a warmer liquid under shear flow, which rotates as a whole because of elasticity and melts gradually. Cooling of the surrounding liquid is accelerated by convection. Third, a solid rod is under high compression in liquid, where slips appear from the solid-liquid interface, leading to a plastic deformation. Subsequently, melting starts in the plastically deformed areas, eventually resulting in the fracture of the rod into pieces. In these phase-transition processes, the interface temperature is kept nearly equal to the coexisting temperature T(cs)(p) away from the heated wall, but this local equilibrium is not attained near the the contact region. We also examine a first-order liquid-liquid phase transition under heating from a boundary in one-component liquids.
authors: Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors: Kyohei
authors: K
authors: Takae
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Onuki