title: An approach to give prospective life-span of the copper/low-density-polyethylene nanocomposite intrauterine device.
abstract: As a novel copper-containing intrauterine device (IUD), the prospective life-span of the copper/low-density-polyethylene (Cu/LDPE) nanocomposite IUD is very important for the future clinical use and should be given in advance. Here a novel approach, cupric ions accelerated release in diluted nitric acid solution and cupric ions concentration release in various volume of simulated uterine solution (SUS), is reported to verify the type of cupric ions release model of the cylindrical matrix-type nanocomposite IUD, and to obtain the minimal cupric ions release rate that need to ensure contraceptive efficacy and the thickness of copper particles exhausted layer of the cylindrical matrix-type nanocomposite IUD within two difficult immersion durations in experimental volume of SUS, respectively. Using these results, the prospective life-span of the cylindrical matrix-type nanocomposite IUD can be obtained. For instance, the prospective life-span of the novel γ-shape nanocomposite IUD with 25 wt% of copper nanoparticles and 2 mm of diameter and a total weight of 285 mg can be given in advance and it is about 5 years in the future clinical use.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China. xpxia@mail.hust.edu.cn
authors: Xianping
authors: X
authors: Xia
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Tang
authors: Changsheng
authors: C
authors: Xie
authors: Yun
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Shuizhou
authors: S
authors: Cai
authors: Changhong
authors: C
authors: Zhu
references: Contraception. 1998 Jan;57(1):49-53
references: 9554251
references: Biomaterials. 2002 Feb;23(3):667-71
references: 11771686
references: Biomaterials. 2005 May;26(15):2671-6
references: 15585270
references: J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2001 May;12(5):391-7
references: 15348277
references: Fertil Steril. 2003 Nov;80(5):1281-3
references: 14607591
references: Contraception. 2002 Nov;66(5):309-14
references: 12443960
references: Hum Reprod Update. 2006 Jan-Feb;12(1):23-37
references: 16272225
references: Hum Reprod Update. 2008 May-Jun;14(3):197-208
references: 18400840
references: J Control Release. 2005 Oct 3;107(2):320-9
references: 16081182
references: Contraception. 1987 Feb;35(2):163-70
references: 3595141
references: Hum Reprod. 1999 Oct;14(10):2604-8
references: 10527995
references: Contraception. 2000 Jun;61(6):395-9
references: 10958884
references: Contraception. 2003 Feb;67(2):161-3
references: 12586326
references: Contraception. 2004 Aug;70(2):149-52
references: 15288220
references: Hum Reprod. 1999 May;14(5):1255-8
references: 10325273
references: Contraception. 2008 Oct;78(4):319-23
references: 18847581
references: Hum Reprod. 1994 Jun;9(6):1013-6
references: 7962368
references: J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2008 Nov;19(11):3319-26
references: 18496736
references: Fertil Steril. 2007 Aug;88(2):472-8
references: 17335821
references: Biomaterials. 2005 Mar;26(8):945-52
references: 15353206
references: J Control Release. 2003 Jun 5;90(1):23-36
references: 12767704
references: Contraception. 1999 Apr;59(4):227-31
references: 10457866