title: Comparing mixing and displacement ventilation in classrooms: pupils' perception and health.
abstract: Several studies have found that indoor air quality (IAQ) in schools is often poor and may affect the health of the pupils. Building ventilation is a means to reduce pollutants indoors, but different designs should be evaluated for their effectiveness in different environments. In a field experiment performed at four classrooms in one school building, air was supplied either in the mixing or in the displacement mode, and we collected information on exposures, pupils' perception of IAQ and climate, and health symptoms and performed clinical examinations. The room temperature, relative humidity, concentration of CO₂, and cat allergen were measured at the breathing height and were similar during each ventilation mode. The children perceived IAQ were similar in the two ventilation regimes, and there were few differences in symptom reports or clinical parameters. However, the pupils reported more eye symptoms during displacement ventilation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both mixing and displacement ventilation may be appropriate in school classrooms as long as the overall design, ventilation rates, and maintenance of systems are satisfactory.
authors: Department of Medical Sciences/Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. greta.smedje@medsci.uu.se
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Smedje
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mattsson
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Wålinder