title: Urine proteomics and biomarkers in renal disease.
abstract: The application of urine proteomics is a useful approach to the study of the proteins involved in healthy and diseased kidneys and may provide a noninvasive approach to assess disease activity and to monitor clinical response in patients with renal diseases. This technique may provide an additional tool in clinical trials and for the assessment of prognosis for patients. Both soluble proteins and membrane-bound (exosomal) proteins may be studied, and multiple approaches are available. Discovery proteomics is an unbiased approach to detect novel proteins in urine samples. Mass spectrometry (MS) is often needed to identify specific protein fragments. Targeted proteomics often involves specific immunoassays or modified MS, which enables a hypothesis-based design. These approaches may be integrated. For example, specific proteins may be identified by the discovery approach or laboratory study of disease mechanisms. These proteins will then be studied further by targeted proteomics. In order to translate to clinical practice, the specific assays need vigorous validation by means of sufficiently statistically powered clinical trials.
authors: Imperial College Kidney and Transplant Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors: Min Jeong
authors: MJ
authors: Kim
authors: Andrew H
authors: AH
authors: Frankel
authors: Frederick W K
authors: FW
authors: Tam
references: Clin Sci (Lond). 2003 May;104(5):483-90
references: 12529166
references: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Feb;16(2):467-73
references: 15601744
references: Nature. 2003 Mar 13;422(6928):198-207
references: 12634793
references: Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004 Nov;19(11):2761-8
references: 15353578
references: J Proteome Res. 2009 Jan;8(1):94-103
references: 19012427
references: Mol Cell Proteomics. 2009 Jul;8(7):1658-73
references: 19357086
references: Proteomics. 2001 Jan;1(1):93-107
references: 11680902
references: Mol Cell Proteomics. 2011 Feb;10(2):M110.002931
references: 20664071
references: Mol Cell Proteomics. 2008 Oct;7(10):1850-62
references: 18667409
references: News Physiol Sci. 2004 Jun;19:114-9
references: 15143205
references: Anal Bioanal Chem. 2009 Mar;393(5):1431-42
references: 18704377
references: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2004 Sep;287(3):F353-64
references: 15140760
references: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Sep 7;101(36):13368-73
references: 15326289
references: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 Jul;19(7):1283-90
references: 18448586
references: Rheumatology (Oxford). 2006 Dec;45(12):1497-504
references: 17046860
references: Nat Biotechnol. 2009 Jul;27(7):633-41
references: 19561596
references: Cytokine. 2009 Jul;47(1):37-42
references: 19409809
references: Eur J Clin Invest. 2010 Dec;40(12):1067-73
references: 20695883
references: Kidney Int. 2008 Sep;74(6):799-807
references: 18596723
references: Kidney Int. 2008 Sep;74(5):613-21
references: 18509321
references: J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Jun;20(6):1175-8
references: 19470673
references: Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic. 2009 Mar;8(2):145-57
references: 19279071