title: A nonerythropoietic peptide that mimics the 3D structure of erythropoietin reduces organ injury/dysfunction and inflammation in experimental hemorrhagic shock.
abstract: Recent studies have shown that erythropoietin, critical for the differentiation and survival of erythrocytes, has cytoprotective effects in a wide variety of tissues, including the kidney and lung. However, erythropoietin has been shown to have a serious side effect-an increase in thrombovascular effects. We investigated whether pyroglutamate helix B-surface peptide (pHBSP), a nonerythropoietic tissue-protective peptide mimicking the 3D structure of erythropoietin, protects against the organ injury/ dysfunction and inflammation in rats subjected to severe hemorrhagic shock (HS). Mean arterial blood pressure was reduced to 35 ± 5 mmHg for 90 min followed by resuscitation with 20 mL/kg Ringer Lactate for 10 min and 50% of the shed blood for 50 min. Rats were euthanized 4 h after the onset of resuscitation. pHBSP was administered 30 min or 60 min into resuscitation. HS resulted in significant organ injury/dysfunction (renal, hepatic, pancreas, neuromuscular, lung) and inflammation (lung). In rats subjected to HS, pHBSP significantly attenuated (i) organ injury/dysfunction (renal, hepatic, pancreas, neuromuscular, lung) and inflammation (lung), (ii) increased the phosphorylation of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase-3β and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, (iii) attenuated the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and (iv) attenuated the increase in p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation. pHBSP protects against multiple organ injury/dysfunction and inflammation caused by severe hemorrhagic shock by a mechanism that may involve activation of Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and NF-κB.
authors: Centre for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Queen Mary University of London, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, London, UK. n.s.patel@qmul.ac.uk
authors: Nimesh S A
authors: NS
authors: Patel
authors: Kiran K
authors: KK
authors: Nandra
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Brines
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Collino
authors: Ws Fred
authors: WF
authors: Wong
authors: Amar
authors: A
authors: Kapoor
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Benetti
authors: Fera Y
authors: FY
authors: Goh
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Fantozzi
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Cerami
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Thiemermann
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