title: Inflammatory response in multiple organs in a mouse model of acute alcohol intoxication and burn injury.
abstract: This study characterized the inflammatory response after burn injury and determined whether ethanol (EtOH) intoxication at the time of burn injury influences this response. To accomplish this, male mice were gavaged with EtOH (2.9 g/kg) 4 hours before 12 to 15% TBSA sham or burn injury. Mice were killed on day 1 after injury; blood, small intestine, lung, and liver were collected to measure interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-18, and Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) levels. In addition, neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity, and edema formation were also measured in the small intestine, lung, and liver. There was no difference in the inflammatory markers in the small intestine, lung, and liver in mice receiving either sham or burn injury alone except IL-6 that was increased in all four tissue compartments after burn injury alone. However, when compared with EtOH or burn injury alone, EtOH combined with burn injury resulted in a significant increase in cytokines, neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity, and edema in the small intestine, liver, and lung tissue. Furthermore, a significant increase in IL-6 and MCP-1 was observed in circulation after EtOH intoxication and burn injury compared with either EtOH intoxication or burn injury alone; no other cytokines were detected in circulation. These findings suggest that acute EtOH intoxication exacerbates the inflammatory response after burn injury.
authors: Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
authors: Xiaoling
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Suhail
authors: S
authors: Akhtar
authors: Elizabeth J
authors: EJ
authors: Kovacs
authors: Richard L
authors: RL
authors: Gamelli
authors: Mashkoor A
authors: MA
authors: Choudhry
references: J Immunother. 2002 Mar-Apr;25 Suppl 1:S4-11
references: 12048345
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2005 Sep;29(9):1735-43
references: 16205374
references: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):G340-7
references: 19497959
references: Hepatology. 1998 Mar;27(3):727-34
references: 9500701
references: Shock. 2008 Mar;29(3):377-83
references: 18000475
references: J Burn Care Rehabil. 2005 Sep-Oct;26(5):383-91
references: 16151282
references: Burns. 1995 May;21(3):194-9
references: 7794500
references: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2007 May;292(5):L1193-201
references: 17220368
references: Shock. 1995 May;3(5):323-8
references: 7648332
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2010 Oct;34(10):1733-41
references: 20608903
references: Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2001 Summer;2(2):133-41; discussion 141-4
references: 12594868
references: Alcohol. 2002 Nov;28(3):137-49
references: 12551755
references: J Trauma. 1995 Jun;38(6):931-4
references: 7602638
references: J Immunol. 2008 May 15;180(10):6933-40
references: 18453614
references: J Leukoc Biol. 2005 May;77(5):719-28
references: 15728717
references: J Am Coll Surg. 2001 Sep;193(3):237-44
references: 11548792
references: Ann Surg. 1996 Nov;224(5):647-64
references: 8916880
references: J Immunol. 2000 Mar 1;164(5):2644-9
references: 10679104
references: J Trauma. 1968 Nov;8(6):1049-51
references: 5722120
references: J Trauma. 1990 Aug;30(8):942-51; discussion 951-2
references: 2167388
references: J Leukoc Biol. 1997 Dec;62(6):733-40
references: 9400814
references: Infect Immun. 2002 Dec;70(12):6896-903
references: 12438367
references: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002 Jun;282(6):G937-47
references: 12016118
references: Annu Rev Immunol. 1990;8:253-78
references: 2188664
references: J Immunol. 2008 Aug 1;181(3):2189-95
references: 18641358
references: J Am Coll Surg. 1994 Apr;178(4):357-62
references: 8149035
references: J Burn Care Res. 2009 Jan-Feb;30(1):62-9
references: 19060726
references: J Burn Care Rehabil. 2005 Jan-Feb;26(1):85-91
references: 15640741
references: Shock. 2002 Jun;17(6):463-7
references: 12069181
references: Int J Mol Med. 2002 Sep;10(3):239-43
references: 12165794
references: Alcohol. 2004 Jul;33(3):199-208
references: 15596088
references: Burns. 1999 Aug;25(5):403-10
references: 10439148
references: Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2000 May;278(5):R1224-31
references: 10801291
references: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2002 Jan;282(1):G145-55
references: 11751168
references: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2007 Oct;31(10):1731-7
references: 17697009
references: J Burn Care Res. 2008 Sep-Oct;29(5):784-9
references: 18695611
references: Arch Surg. 2000 Feb;135(2):219-25
references: 10668885
references: J Burn Care Res. 2007 May-Jun;28(3):490-9
references: 17438481
references: Shock. 1998 Aug;10(2):79-89
references: 9721973
references: Shock. 2002 Oct;18(4):301-5
references: 12392271
references: News Physiol Sci. 2000 Jun;15:130-136
references: 11390895
references: J Immunol. 2001 Dec 15;167(12):7060-8
references: 11739527
references: Shock. 1998 Aug;10(2):135-40
references: 9721981
references: J Leukoc Biol. 2008 Sep;84(3):607-13
references: 18362209
references: J Burn Care Rehabil. 1996 Nov-Dec;17(6 Pt 1):532-9
references: 8951541
references: J Leukoc Biol. 2006 Aug;80(2):367-75
references: 16707557