title: Chronic kidney disease in the hypertensive patient: an overview of the I-DEMAND study.
abstract: The kidney has been recognized as a sensor of cardiovascular risk. However, evaluation of urinary albumin excretion and estimated glomerular filtration rate is still too often overlooked in clinical practice. The I-DEMAND (Italy-Developing Education and awareness on MicroAlbuminuria in patients with hyperteNsive Disease) study was designed to assess the prevalence of microalbuminuria and its clinical correlates among Italian hypertensive patients. A total of 4151 patients from 87 specialized care centres were included in the study. Overall, this study demonstrated that approximately one-half of the enrolled patients had chronic kidney disease, with albuminuria being present in one-quarter of the individuals. The presence of renal abnormalities was more prevalent in patients with concomitant cardiovascular risk factors. This article discusses the main results of the study and its potential implications in clinical practice.
authors: Department of Cardionephrology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
authors: Giovanna
authors: G
authors: Leoncini
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Viazzi
authors: Enrico Agabiti
authors: EA
authors: Rosei
authors: Ettore
authors: E
authors: Ambrosioni
authors: Francesco V
authors: FV
authors: Costa
authors: Gastone
authors: G
authors: Leonetti
authors: Achille C
authors: AC
authors: Pessina
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Trimarco
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Volpe
authors: Giacomo
authors: G
authors: Deferrari
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Pontremoli
references: Circulation. 2008 Feb 12;117(6):743-53
references: 18212285
references: Am J Epidemiol. 2008 May 15;167(10):1226-34
references: 18385206
references: J Hypertens. 2007 Jun;25(6):1105-87
references: 17563527
references: Eur Heart J. 2003 Jun;24(11):987-1003
references: 12788299
references: Arch Intern Med. 2004 Mar 22;164(6):659-63
references: 15037495
references: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Jan;5(1):87-94
references: 19875769
references: J Hypertens. 2008 Mar;26(3):427-32
references: 18300851
references: Am J Kidney Dis. 2002 Feb;39(2 Suppl 1):S1-266
references: 11904577
references: J Nephrol. 2012 Jan-Feb;25(1):63-74
references: 21534241
references: N Engl J Med. 2004 Sep 23;351(13):1296-305
references: 15385656
references: Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2004;40(4):393-9
references: 15815105
references: J Hypertens. 2010 Feb;28(2):251-8
references: 19812502
references: J Hypertens. 2009 Feb;27(2):410-7
references: 19226711
references: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Jul 16;42(2):201-8
references: 12875751
references: J Hypertens. 2010 Jan;28(1):156-62
references: 19915481
references: Am J Kidney Dis. 2008 Sep;52(3):444-53
references: 18468747