title: Contemporary surgical outcome for skull base meningiomas.
abstract: Although surgical excision of meningioma and its dural base is the most common primary management, skull base meningiomas are quite different, and contemporary management usually consists of multimodal treatment with the aim of achieving the best possible functional outcome and quality of life (QOL) for these patients. As surgery plays an important role in the treatment of skull base meningiomas, it is crucial for neurosurgeons to appreciate the surgical outcome and QOL after meningioma surgery. Outcome is usually measured for meningiomas in terms of morbidity, mortality, time to recurrence, and QOL. The extent of resection, tumor grade, proliferative markers, and tumor location are significant factors in predicting the surgical outcome. Therefore, we address each of these factors in detail in this review. Advances in recent decades in microsurgical techniques, neuroimaging modalities, neuroanesthesia, and perioperative intensive care have substantially improved the surgical outcome; therefore, most surgical outcomes discussed in this review are cited from contemporary literature (2000 to the present) in order to depict the surgical outcome of contemporary microsurgery.
authors: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. 96015@cch.org.tw
authors: Chien-Min
authors: CM
authors: Chen
authors: Abel Po-Hao
authors: AP
authors: Huang
authors: Lu-Ting
authors: LT
authors: Kuo
authors: Yong-Kwang
authors: YK
authors: Tu
references: Neurosurgery. 2008 Jan;62(1):61-9; discussion 69-70
references: 18300892
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997 Sep 1;39(2):427-36
references: 9308947
references: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005 Jul;76(7):977-83
references: 15965205
references: J Neurosurg. 2004 Jun;100(6):1014-24
references: 15200116
references: Neurosurgery. 2008 Jan;62(1):53-8; discussion 58-60
references: 18300891
references: Neurosurg Rev. 2006 Jan;29(1):30-5
references: 16184406
references: Neurosurgery. 1998 Nov;43(5):1146-56
references: 9802858
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(7):751-6; discussion 756-7
references: 10955669
references: J Neurosurg. 1980 Nov;53(5):587-99
references: 7431070
references: Neurosurgery. 2006 Aug;59(2):238-43; discussion 238-43
references: 16883164
references: Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1992 Feb;106(2):128-36
references: 1738543
references: J Neurosurg. 1985 Jan;62(1):18-24
references: 3964853
references: Neurosurgery. 1996 Jul;39(1):2-7; discussion 8-9
references: 8805134
references: Neurosurgery. 2001 May;48(5):1012-9; discussion 1019-21
references: 11334267
references: Surg Neurol. 2006 Jul;66(1):37-44; discussion 44-5
references: 16793435
references: Neurosurgery. 2005 Oct;57(4 Suppl):268-80; discussion 268-80
references: 16234674
references: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1957 Feb;20(1):22-39
references: 13406590
references: J Neurosurg. 1990 Dec;73(6):840-9
references: 2230967
references: Neurosurgery. 2009 Nov;65(5):898-907; discussion 907
references: 19834402
references: Neurosurg Focus. 2003 Jun 15;14(6):e11
references: 15669786
references: Neurosurgery. 2004 Sep;55(3):539-47; discussion 547-50
references: 15335421
references: Neurosurgery. 2002 Dec;51(6):1432-39; discussion 1439-40
references: 12445348
references: J Neurooncol. 2000 Jul;48(3):233-41
references: 11100821
references: Qual Life Res. 2005 Mar;14(2):285-95
references: 15892420
references: Laryngoscope. 2007 Oct;117(10):1710-9
references: 17690614
references: Neuro Oncol. 1999 Jul;1(3):188-95
references: 11550313
references: Cancer. 2002 Mar 1;94(5):1538-47
references: 11920512
references: J Neurosurg. 1994 Aug;81(2):245-51
references: 8027808
references: J Neuroophthalmol. 2003 Mar;23(1):3-10
references: 12616081
references: Clin Neurosurg. 1997;44:451-66
references: 10080021
references: Neurosurg Focus. 2003 Jun 15;14(6):e5
references: 15669790
references: Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2000 Oct;11(4):659-66
references: 11082176
references: Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2002;84:71-6
references: 12379007
references: Neurosurgery. 2004 Jul;55(1):108-16; discussion 116-8
references: 15214979
references: Neurosurgery. 2005 Mar;56(3):546-59; discussion 546-59
references: 15730581
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(6):647-52; discussion 652-3
references: 10949439
references: J Neurosurg. 2002 Feb;96(2):302-9
references: 11841072
references: Neurosurg Rev. 2006 Jan;29(1):55-60
references: 16195869
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1998;140(10):1007-12
references: 9856243
references: Neurosurgery. 1995 Jan;36(1):46-51; discussion 51
references: 7708167
references: Neurosurgery. 1997 Feb;40(2):238-44; discussion 245-7
references: 9007855
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2003 Aug;145(8):631-42; discussion 642
references: 14520541
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(5):513-26
references: 10898358
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2001;143(5):471-6
references: 11482697
references: Am J Surg Pathol. 1997 Dec;21(12):1455-65
references: 9414189
references: Neurosurgery. 2006 Nov;59(5):1019-28; discussion 1028-9
references: 17143236
references: J Neurosurg. 2002 Feb;96(2):235-43
references: 11838796
references: Br J Neurosurg. 2009 Feb;23(1):33-9
references: 19234907
references: Neurochirurgia (Stuttg). 1992 Sep;35(5):133-6
references: 1436361
references: Cancer. 1999 May 1;85(9):2046-56
references: 10223247
references: Neurosurgery. 1995 Jul;37(1):1-9; discussion 9-10
references: 8587667
references: Neurosurgery. 2008 Jun;62(6 Suppl 3):1169-81
references: 18695538
references: Brain Pathol. 1993 Jul;3(3):255-68
references: 8293185
references: Neurosurgery. 2002 Dec;51(6):1358-63; discussion 1363-4
references: 12445340
references: Neurosurg Rev. 2009 Jan;32(1):49-58; discussion 59-60
references: 18815821
references: Neurosurgery. 2006 Jan;58(1):28-36; discussion 28-36
references: 16385326
references: Neurosurgery. 2004 Jun;54(6):1375-83; discussion 1383-4
references: 15157294
references: Neurosurgery. 1996 Mar;38(3):434-42; discussion 442-4
references: 8837793
references: Neurosurgery. 2008 Apr;62(4):839-44; discussion 844-6
references: 18496190
references: J Neurosurg. 1986 Aug;65(2):168-71
references: 3723173
references: Neurosurgery. 1996 Nov;39(5):915-9; discussion 919-20
references: 8905745
references: Neurosurgery. 2008 Jun;62(6 Suppl 3):1224-32
references: 18695543
references: Neurosurgery. 2006 Apr;58(4):626-39, discussion 626-39
references: 16575326
references: Neurosurgery. 2009 Jan;64(1):40-7; discussion 47
references: 19145155
references: Surg Neurol. 2001 Jul;56(1):8-20; discussion 20-1
references: 11546562
references: Neurosurgery. 2003 Sep;53(3):534-42; discussion 542-3
references: 12943570
references: Surg Neurol. 2000 May;53(5):439-46; discussion 446-7
references: 10874142
references: Brain Pathol. 2002 Apr;12(2):183-90
references: 11958372
references: J Neurosurg. 2009 Nov;111(5):1053-61
references: 19119879
references: Otol Neurotol. 2004 Jul;25(4):570-9; discussion 579
references: 15241237
references: Neurosurgery. 1987 Jun;20(6):966-8
references: 3614579
references: Neurosurgery. 2000 Mar;46(3):567-74; discussion 574-5
references: 10719852
references: Neurosurgery. 2005 Apr;56(2 Suppl):324-36; discussion 324-36
references: 15794829
references: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009 Aug;80(8):910-5
references: 18653549
references: Psychosom Med. 1997 Jul-Aug;59(4):408-18
references: 9251161
references: Neurosurg Rev. 2008 Jan;31(1):19-32; discussion 32-3
references: 17882459
references: J Neurooncol. 2009 May;92(3):307-16
references: 19357958
references: Neurosurg Rev. 2008 Oct;31(4):421-30; discussion 430
references: 18521636
references: Cancer. 2003 Oct 1;98(7):1473-82
references: 14508835
references: Neurosurgery. 2001 Jul;49(1):102-6; discussion 106-7
references: 11440430
references: J Neurooncol. 1998 Apr;37(2):177-88
references: 9524097
references: Neurosurgery. 2008 Jun;62(6 Suppl 3):1182-91
references: 18695539
references: J Neurosurg. 1995 Oct;83(4):596-9
references: 7545742
references: Neurosurgery. 1993 Sep;33(3):394-9; discussion 399
references: 8413869
references: Neurosurgery. 2004 Nov;55(5):1068-75
references: 15509313
references: J Neurosurg. 1996 Mar;84(3):375-81
references: 8609546
references: Surg Neurol. 1993 Jun;39(6):530-7
references: 8516751
references: Neurosurgery. 2005 Jul;57(1):77-90; discussion 77-90
references: 15987543
references: Neurology. 2001 Mar 13;56(5):618-23
references: 11245713
references: Neurosurgery. 1984 Mar;14(3):268-75
references: 6709150
references: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003 Mar 15;55(4):1000-5
references: 12605979
references: J Neurooncol. 1992 Jun;13(2):177-81
references: 1331345
references: J Neurooncol. 1996 Sep;29(3):249-59
references: 8858531
references: J Neurosurg. 2005 Jan;102(1):17-23
references: 15658091
references: J Neurosurg. 1988 Aug;69(2):183-7
references: 3392565
references: Neurosurgery. 2001 Nov;49(5):1029-37; discussion 1037-8
references: 11846894
references: J Neurol. 2002 Aug;249(8):955-60
references: 12195437
references: Neurosurgery. 2000 Dec;47(6):1287-94; discussion 1294-5
references: 11126899
references: J Neurosurg. 1986 Jan;64(1):58-63
references: 3941351
references: Surg Neurol. 2005 Jul;64(1):37-43; discussion 43
references: 15993178
references: J Neurosurg. 2000 Jan;92(1 Suppl):71-80
references: 10616061
references: Neurosurg Focus. 2003 Jun 15;14(6):e10
references: 15669785
references: Neurosurgery. 2009 Jun;64(6):1090-9; discussion 1099-101
references: 19487888
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2005 Nov;147(11):1121-30; discussion 1130
references: 16133766
references: Surg Neurol. 2006 Aug;66(2):160-5; discussion 165-6
references: 16876612
references: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001 Feb;70(2):218-21
references: 11160471
references: Neurosurgery. 2006 Dec;59(6):1177-85; discussion 1185-7
references: 17277680
references: Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2000;142(4):367-71
references: 10883331
references: Neurosurgery. 2004 Jul;55(1):119-27; discussion 127-8
references: 15214980
references: J Neurosurg. 1999 Sep;91(3):359-63
references: 10470807
references: Neurosurgery. 1999 Oct;45(4):753-62; discussion 762-5
references: 10515468
references: Laryngoscope. 2004 Jan;114(1):25-32
references: 14709990
references: J Neurosurg. 2002 Jul;97(1):12-20
references: 12134902
references: J Neurosurg. 2005 Feb;102(2):284-9
references: 15739556
references: Neurosurg Focus. 2003 Jun 15;14(6):e4
references: 15669789
references: Neurosurgery. 2007 Jun;60(6):965-79; discussion 979-81
references: 17538370
references: Neurosurgery. 2006 Dec;59(6):1188-94; discussion 1194
references: 17277681
references: Neurosurgery. 2008 Mar;62(3):556-63; discussion 556-63
references: 18425005