title: Purple rice (Oryza sativa L.) extract and its constituents inhibit VEGF-induced angiogenesis.
abstract: The study evaluated the protective effects of purple rice (Oryza sativa L.) bran extract (PRE) and its constituents, cyanidin and peonidin, against angiogenesis induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The effects of VEGF and PRE were examined by in vitro tube formation assays and following 14-day co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and fibroblasts. The antiangiogenic mechanism of PRE was evaluated by VEGF-induced proliferation and migration of HUVECs and/or human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38. The PRE significantly suppressed VEGF-induced tube formation, proliferation and migration in HUVECs and HRMECs as well as phosphorylation of ERK and p38. Cyanidin and peonidin also suppressed the proliferation and migration induced by VEGF. These findings indicate that PRE and anthocyanidins suppress VEGF-induced angiogenesis by inhibiting proliferation and migration and suggest that the inhibition of phosphorylated-ERK and -p38 may be involved in the underlying mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuruma
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimazawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000872:Anthocyanins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C017154:cyanidin; C473205:peonidin; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases