title: Drug screening of whole blood by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) method for screening of drugs in whole blood has been developed and validated. Samples were prepared by supported liquid-liquid extraction on ChemElute(®) columns with ethyl acetate/heptane (4:1). LC separation was achieved with an Acquity HSS T3-column (2.1 100 mm, 1.8-μm particle). Mass detection was performed by positive ion mode electrospray MS-MS and included the following drugs/metabolites: morphine, codeine, ethyl morphine, oxycodone, buprenorphine, methadone, cocaine, methylphenidate, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), fentanyl, alprazolam, bromazepam, clonazepam, diazepam, nordiazepam, 3-OH-diazepam, fenazepam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, nitrazepam, oxazepam, zopiclone, zolpidem, carisoprodol, and meprobamate. The cycle time was 9 min, and within- and between-day relative coefficients of variation varied from 1% to 33% and 2% to 58%, respectively. Extraction recoveries from whole blood were > 50% except for morphine and THC. The limit of quantitation was 0.1 to 521 ng/mL, depending on the drug.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Forensic Toxicology and Drug Abuse, Oslo, Norway. elisabeth.oiestad@fhi.no
authors.forename: Elisabeth Leere
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Oiestad
authors.forename: Unni
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: Ase Marit Leere
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Oiestad
authors.forename: Asbjørg Solberg
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Christophersen
mesh_terms: D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000097:blood; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003042:Cocaine / Q000097:blood; D003061:Codeine / Q000097:blood; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000097:blood; D005036:Ethylmorphine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000097:blood*; D008691:Methadone / Q000097:blood; D009020:Morphine / Q000097:blood; D010098:Oxycodone / Q000378:metabolism; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D002047:Buprenorphine; D009020:Morphine; D013759:Dronabinol; D010098:Oxycodone; D003042:Cocaine; D005036:Ethylmorphine; D008691:Methadone; D003061:Codeine