title: Cross-cultural adaptation of the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) to Brazilian Portuguese.
abstract: Cervical dystonia (CD) is a prevalent and incapacitating movement disorder which needs a thorough clinical evaluation of every patient to better tailor treatment strategies. In Brazil, there are no validated CD scales that measure the burden of dystonia. The aim of our study was to translate and adapt the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) to Brazilian Portuguese. After translation and back-translation according to international methods, a pre-test was carried out with 30 patients. Patients under 8 years of formal schooling had severe difficulty in understanding the whole scale. The scale went through a remodeling process, without loss of its conceptual and semantic properties. The new scale was tested in 15 patients, with good understanding scores. We are now in the process of validation of the adapted scale.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Division, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. fass_1998@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Flávio Augusto
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Sekeff-Sallem
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caramelli
authors.forename: Egberto Reis
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Barbosa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014103:Torticollis / Q000523:psychology*; D014175:Translating