title: [Comparison among endoscopic variceal obliteration, endoscopic band ligation, and balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for treatment of gastric variceal bleeding].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic variceal obliteration (EVO), endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL), and balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) are used to manage gastric variceal bleeding. We compared the re-bleeding rates and survival times of these modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study enrolled 103 patients with suspected gastric variceal bleeding between July 2001 and May 2009. For the management of gastric variceal bleeding, 52 patients underwent EVO; 36, EVL; and 15, BRTO. We evaluated their laboratory results and vital signs, and calculated the Child score, Child classification, and Model for End-stage Liver Disease score. Rebleeding was defined as new-onset hematemesis, hematochezia, melena, or endoscopically proven bleeding. Time-to-rebleeding and survival time were examined by Kaplan-Meyer analysis. A value of p<0.05 indicated statistical significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics among the three groups. The overall follow-up period averaged 65.13 months. During follow-up, rebleeding occurred in 17 patients (11 EVO, 5 EVL, and 1 BRTO). The times-to-rebleeding were 63.59, 75.79, and 51.41 months for EVO, EVL, and BRTO, respectively, and did not differ significantly (p=0.515). The median survival times were 77.42, 70.14, and 42.79 months, respectively, and also were not different significantly (p=0.978).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no significant differences in the time-to-rebleeding or survival time among EVO, EVL, and BRTO. Further prospective, large-scale studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Soon Chun Hyang University School of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seul Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Sang Gyune
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Seok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jun Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Jong Chan
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sae Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hong Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Jong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Moon Sung
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Boo Sung
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D021721:Balloon Occlusion; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D004659:Enbucrilate