title: The association of hypertension with renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms in the Lebanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study objective was to examine the association of hypertension in the Lebanese population with three renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms (RAS): angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin-receptor type 1 (AT1R).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 270 subjects (124 hypertensive vs 146 normotensive) were genotyped for ACE insertion (I)/deletion (D), AGT (M235T), and AT(1)R (A1166C) gene polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The studied genes showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No association could be reported with the ACE I/D polymorphism, although the D allele frequency was high (77%) in patients. AGT TT genotype prevalence was found to be lower in hypertensive versus normotensive subjects (p<0.0001). AT(1)R CC and AC genotypes were significantly more frequent in hypertensive than normotensive subjects (p<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The first conducted study on the RAS gene polymorphisms in Lebanese hypertensive patients demonstrated a possible association of the AGT T and AT(1)R C alleles with hypertension.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon. ysaab@lau.edu.lb
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Saab
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Gard
authors.forename: A D J
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Overall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics*; D007861:Lebanon; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D016017:Odds Ratio; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A