title: Prescribing sunshine: a cross-sectional survey of 500 Australian general practitioners' practices and attitudes about vitamin D.
abstract: This study aimed to assess the attitudes, practices and knowledge of general practitioners (GPs) with regards to vitamin D. A cross-sectional survey of a random sample of GPs stratified by location of practice (rural/remote or metropolitan) and employment status (full-time or part-time) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia was conducted. Of 500 respondents, 58.1% (95% CI 53.8-62.4) reported that up to 39% of their tested patients showed vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency and a further 37.7% (95% CI 33.5-41.9) of respondents said that over 40% of their patients were vitamin D insufficient. Vitamin D supplementation and advice to receive more natural sunlight were the most common ways vitamin D insufficiency was managed (97.1%; 95% CI 95.6-98.6 and 82%, 95% CI 78.6-85.4, respectively). Some gaps in knowledge were identified. Most respondents (64%; 95% CI 59.8-68.2) believed that a person of average sun sensitivity required 10 min of direct sun exposure during summer in peak UV time and a further 21.6% (95% CI 18.0-25.2) believed that people required 30 min of direct sun. A third of respondents (33.1%; 95% CI 29.0-37.2) advised their patients to use sun protection at all times during winter. In general, the attitude items showed that respondents expressed greater concern about vitamin D deficiency than skin cancer. The results reveal some confusion in general practice regarding vitamin D, sun exposure, sun protection and skin cancer risk. Some of the advice that GPs are offering may needlessly increase their patients' risk for vitamin D insufficiency or skin cancer.
authors.affiliation: The Centre for Health Research & Psycho-oncology (CHeRP), Cancer Council New South Wales, University of Newcastle & Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. billie.bonevski@newcastle.edu.au
authors.forename: Billie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonevski
authors.forename: Afaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Girgis
authors.forename: Parker
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magin
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Horton
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brozek
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D058005:General Practitioners / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D055108:Sunbathing; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D