title: Innate immune responses in central nervous system inflammation.
abstract: In autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), innate glial cell responses play a key role in determining the outcome of leukocyte infiltration. Access of leukocytes is controlled via complex interactions with glial components of the blood-brain barrier that include angiotensin II receptors on astrocytes and immunoregulatory mediators such as Type I interferons which regulate cellular traffic. Myeloid cells at the blood-brain barrier present antigen to T cells and influence cytokine effector function. Myelin-specific T cells interact with microglia and promote differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in response to axonal injury. These innate responses offer potential targets for immunomodulatory therapy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Finsen
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Owens
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines