title: The role of dimension in multivalent binding events: structure-activity relationship of dendritic polyglycerol sulfate binding to L-selectin in correlation with size and surface charge density.
abstract: L-, P-, and E-Selectin are cell adhesion molecules that play a crucial role in leukocyte recruitment from the blood stream to the afflicted tissue in an acute and chronic inflammatory setting. Since selectins mediate the initial contact of leukocytes to the vascular endothelium, they have evolved as a valuable therapeutic target in diseases related to inflammation by inhibition of the physiological selectin-ligand interactions. In a previous study, it was demonstrated that dPGS, a fully synthetic heparin analogue, works as an efficient inhibitor towards L- and P-selectin in vitro as well as in vivo. Herein, the focus is directed towards the effect of size and charge density of the polyanion. The efficiency of L-selectin inhibition via an SPR-based in vitro assay and a cell-based flow chamber assay is investigated with dPGS ranging from approximately 4 to 2000 kDa. SPR measurements show that the inhibitory potential of highly sulfated dPGS increases with size and charge density. Thereby, IC(50) values from the micromolar to the low picomolar range are determined. The same tendency could be observed in a cell-based flow chamber assay with three representative dPGS samples. This structure-affinity relationship of dPGS suggests that the strong inhibitory potential of dPGS is not only based on the strong electrostatic interaction with areas of cationic surface potential on L-selectin but is also due to a steric shielding of the carbohydrate binding site by large, flexible dPGS particles.
authors.affiliation: Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Takustraße 3, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weinhart
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gröger
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Enders
authors.forename: Sebastian B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Riese
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dernedde
authors.forename: Rajesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kainthan
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haag
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D001681:Biological Assay; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008024:Ligands; D010316:Particle Size; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding; D055672:Static Electricity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005990:Glycerol; D019041:L-Selectin; D008024:Ligands; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D011108:Polymers; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters; C043941:polyglycerol