title: Partial netrin-1 deficiency aggravates acute kidney injury.
abstract: The netrin family of secreted proteins provides migrational cues in the developing central nervous system. Recently, netrins have also been shown to regulate diverse processes beyond their functions in the brain, incluing the ochrestration of inflammatory events. Particularly netrin-1 has been implicated in dampening hypoxia-induced inflammation. Here, we hypothesized an anti-inflammatory role of endogenous netrin-1 in acute kidney injury (AKI). As homozygous deletion of netrin-1 is lethal, we studied mice with partial netrin-1 deletion (Ntn-1(+/-) mice) as a genetic model. In fact, Ntn-1(+/-) mice showed attenuated Ntn-1 levels at baseline and following ischemic AKI. Functional studies of AKI induced by 30 min of renal ischemia and reperfusion revealed enhanced kidney dysfunction in Ntn-1(+/-) mice as assessed by measurements of glomerular filtration, urine flow rate, urine electrolytes, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. Consistent with these findings, histological studies indicated a more severe degree kidney injury. Similarly, elevations of renal and systemic inflammatory markers were enhanced in mice with partial netrin-1 deficiency. Finally, treatment of Ntn-1(+/-) mice with exogenous netrin-1 restored a normal phenotype during AKI. Taking together, these studies implicate endogenous netrin-1 in attenuating renal inflammation during AKI.
authors.affiliation: Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA. Almut.Grenz@ucdenver.edu
authors.forename: Almut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grenz
authors.forename: Julee H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Dalton
authors.forename: Jessica D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bauerle
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Badulak
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ridyard
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gandjeva
authors.forename: Carol M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Aherne
authors.forename: Kelley S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Brodsky
authors.forename: Jae-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Rubin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tuder
authors.forename: Holger K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Eltzschig
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D000075388:Netrin-1; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C000617351:NTN1 protein, human; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; C000617353:Ntn1 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000075388:Netrin-1; D003404:Creatinine