title: A new method for the determination of biogenic amines in cheese by LC with evaporative light scattering detector.
abstract: This paper presents a new LC method with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD), for the separation and determination of the biogenic amines (histamine, spermidine, spermine, tyramine, putrescine and β-phenylethylamine) which are commonly present in cheese, as their presence and relative amounts give useful information about freshness, level of maturing, quality of storage and cheese authentication. The LC-ELSD method is validated by comparison of the results with those obtained through LC-UV determination, based on a pre-column dansyl chloride derivatisation step. The obtained data demonstrate that both methods can be interchangeably used for biogenic amines determination in cheese. The new LC-ELSD method shows good precision and permits to achieve, for standard solutions, limit of detection (LOD) values ranging from 1.4 to 3.6 mg L(-1) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) values ranging from 3.6 to 9.3 mg L(-1). The whole methodology, comprehensive of the homogenization-extraction process and LC-ELSD analysis, has been applied in the analysis of a typical Calabria (Southern Italy) POD cheese, known as Caciocavallo Silano. The most aboundant amine found was histamine, followed, in decreasing order, by tyramine, spermine, putrescine, β-phenylethylamine and spermidine, for a total amount of 127 mg kg(-1). This value does not represent a possible risk for consumer health, according to the toxicity levels reported in literature and regarded as acceptable.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università della Calabria, Edificio Polifunzionale, Arcavacata di Rende (CS) 87036, Italy. donatella.restuccia@unical.it
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Restuccia
authors.forename: U Gianfranco
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Spizzirri
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puoci
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cirillo
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Curcio
authors.forename: Ortensia I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Iemma
authors.forename: Nevio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Picci
mesh_terms: D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006632:Histamine; D008027:Light; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008722:Methods; D011786:Quality Control; D012542:Scattering, Radiation
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines; D006632:Histamine