title: Immune response of cattle immunized with a conjugate of the glycolipid glucose monomycolate and protein.
abstract: Strong anti glycolipid IgG responses can occur in humans and animals, but contrary to anti protein responses and anti glycoprotein responses, the exact mechanism of induction is unknown. We have previously shown that experimental immunization with the glycolipid glucose monomycolate (GMM) causes the development of specific T cell responses, but not of anti GMM antibodies. However, cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis produce high levels of anti GMM IgG. In the present study, we tested whether vaccination with GMM conjugated to a protein mimics natural infection in its capacity to induce the production of antibodies against GMM. Cattle were immunized (n=5 per group) with GMM conjugated to a protein, or GMM and protein non-conjugated and administered at contralateral locations, or carrier only. Although immunization with the GMM-protein conjugate vaccine and the non-conjugated vaccine induced protein specific antibody responses, GMM specific antibodies were not detected in either of the groups. In conclusion, the generation of isotype-switched anti lipid antibodies appears to require more than providing peptide epitopes for T helper cells to support glycolipid specific B cells in antibody production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thi Kim Anh
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Willemien
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wieland
authors.forename: Wiebren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Santema
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoeboer
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Eden
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rutten
authors.forename: Ad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koets
authors.forename: Ildiko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Van Rhijn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000276:immunology*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000276:immunology; D007114:Immunization / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D006017:Glycolipids; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate; C048938:glucose mycolate; D006433:Hemocyanins; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin