title: Roles of ATR1 paralogs YMR279c and YOR378w in boron stress tolerance.
abstract: Boron is a necessary nutrient for plants and animals, however excess of it causes toxicity. Previously, Atr1 and Arabidopsis Bor1 homolog were identified as the boron efflux pump in yeast, which lower the cytosolic boron concentration and help cells to survive in the presence of toxic amount of boron. In this study, we analyzed ATR1 paralogs, YMR279c and YOR378w, to understand whether they participate in boron stress tolerance in yeast. Even though these genes share homology with ATR1, neither their deletion rendered cells boron sensitive nor their expression was significantly upregulated by boron treatment. However, expression of YMR279, but not YOR378w, from the constitutive GAPDH promoter on a high copy plasmid provided remarkable boron resistance by decreasing intracellular boron levels. Thus our results suggest the presence of a third boron exporter, YMR279c, which functions similar to ATR1 and provides boron resistance in yeast.
authors.affiliation: Izmir Institute of Technology, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 35430 Urla, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gonensin Ozan
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Bozdag
authors.forename: Irem
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uluisik
authors.forename: Gulce Sila
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Gulculer
authors.forename: Huseyin C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Karakaya
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koc
mesh_terms: D017920:Antiporters / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D001895:Boron / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: C108080:ATR1 protein, S cerevisiae; D017920:Antiporters; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C469216:BOR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C560756:YMR279c protein, S cerevisiae; D001895:Boron