title: MicroRNA pharmacogenomics: post-transcriptional regulation of drug response.
abstract: The field of pharmacogenomics aims to predict which drugs will be most effective and safe for a particular individual based on their genome sequence or expression profile, thereby allowing personalized treatment. The bulk of pharmacogenomic research has focused on the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms, copy number variations or differences in gene expression levels of drug metabolizing or transporting genes and drug targets. In this review paper, we focus instead on microRNAs (miRNAs): small noncoding RNAs, prevalent in metazoans, that negatively regulate gene expression in many cellular processes. We discuss how miRNAs, by regulating the expression of pharmacogenomic-related genes, can play a pivotal role in drug efficacy and toxicity and have potential clinical implications for personalized medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
authors.forename: Jakob Lewin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rukov
authors.forename: Noam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shomron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D034622:RNA Interference
chemical_list: D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological; D035683:MicroRNAs