title: A baculovirus dual expression system-based vaccine confers complete protection against lethal challenge with H9N2 avian influenza virus in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Avian influenza viruses of H9N2 subtype have become highly prevalent in avian species. Although these viruses generally cause only mild to moderate disease, they can infect a wide variety of species, including chickens, quail, turkeys, ducks, geese, pheasant, partridge, and pigeon, even transmitted to mammalian species, including humans, accelerating the efforts to devise protective strategies against them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that stronger immune responses were induced in a mouse model immunized with BV-Dual-HA than in those vaccinated with a DNA vaccine encoding the same antigen. Moreover, complete protection against lethal challenge with H9N2 virus was observed in mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BV-Dual-HA could be utilized as a vaccine candidate against H9N2 virus infection.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Wenyao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Huiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Xiaoliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Wenbao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016367:Baculoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D007252:Influenza Vaccines