title: Bioaccumulation assessment of the sunscreen agent 2-ethylhexyl 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate in human semen by automated online SPE-LC-MS/MS.
abstract: The proven endocrine disruption nature of the sunscreen ingredient 2-ethylhexyl 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)benzoate (EDP) calls for research to understand its distribution and bioaccumulation in the human body. A sensitive analytical method to determine EDP and its metabolites in human semen based on online SPE-LC-MS/MS is described. The method has been fully validated and a standard addition calibration has been used for quantification to correct the observed matrix effects. The on-column detection limits of the analytes are between 0.2 and 0.6 ng, depending on the analyte and the sample. The repeatability of the method, expressed as relative standard deviation, was in the range 4.6-9.4%. The method was satisfactorily applied to semen samples from male volunteers who were subjected to single and repeated whole-body applications of an EDP-containing sunscreen product. EDP metabolites were found at different concentrations in semen samples from the repeated application study, thus showing evidences of bioaccumulation in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Zacarías
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: León-González
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferreiro-Vera
authors.forename: Feliciano
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Priego-Capote
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Luque de Castro
mesh_terms: D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid