title: Effects of strength training on motor performance skills in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis.
abstract: The recent literature delineates resistance training in children and adolescents to be effective and safe. However, only little is known about the transfer of achieved strength gains to athletic performance. The present meta-analysis revealed a combined mean effect size for motor skill types jumping, running, and throwing of 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33-0.71). Effect sizes for each of aforementioned skill types separately were 0.54 (95% CI: 0.34-0.74), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.23-0.83), and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.19-1.79) respectively. Furthermore, it could be shown that younger subjects and nonathletes showed higher gains in motor performance following resistance training than their counterparts and that specific resistance training regimes were not advantageous over traditional resistance training programs. Finally, a positive dose response relationship for "intensity" could be found in subgroups using traditional training regimens. These results emphasize that resistance training provides an effective way for enhancing motor performance in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Training Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Behringer
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vom Heede
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mester
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012782:Shoulder / Q000502:physiology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis