title: Serum sTREM-1 as a surrogate marker of treatment outcome in patients with peptic ulcer disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) is elevated in the gastric juice and in cultures of gastric mucosa of patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Its application as a surrogate marker for the treatment of PUD was assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 138 eligible patients, 96 were enrolled; 50 with duodenal ulcer, 29 with gastric ulcer and 17 with chronic gastritis. Patients were endoscoped twice; once before treatment and once after treatment. Biopsy specimens were collected for histopathologic estimation of gastritis. Blood was sampled prior to each endoscopy. Serum was collected and sTREM-1 was measured by an enzyme immunoabsorbent assay ( http://www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00534443).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of treatment sTREM-1 was either: (a) below the limit of detection (this occurred in 62 patients and it was accompanied by lacks signs of residual disease in 58 patients, 93.5%); or (b) above the limit of detection (this occurred in 17 patients and it was accompanied by residual disease in 14 patients, 82.3%) (p < 0.0001). Odds ratio for complete healing of peptic ulcer with sTREM-1 below detection limit was 5.30 (95% CI: 1.89-14.83, p < 0.001) compared to serum sTREM-1 above the limit of detection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum sTREM-1 below detection limit may effectively distinguish patients who successfully completed therapy for PUD from those with residual disease and apply as a surrogate marker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Sismanogleion General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Vassilios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Koussoulas
authors.forename: Evangelos J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Giamarellos-Bourboulis
authors.forename: Charalambos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barbatzas
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pimentel
mesh_terms: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D018450:Disease Progression; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C408842:TREM1 protein, human; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1