title: Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Responses to stress vary greatly in young adolescents, and little is known about neural correlates of the stress response in youth. The purpose of this study was to examine whether variability in cortisol responsivity following a social stress test in young adolescents is associated with altered neural functional connectivity (FC) of the salience network (SN) measured during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine typically developing young adolescents participated in a social stress test during which they contributed salivary cortisol samples. Following this, they underwent rs-fMRI scanning. We examined the association of FC of the SN [composed of anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral anterior insula regions] with cortisol responsivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater cortisol responsivity was significantly positively correlated with higher FC between subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (Cg25) and the SN, controlling for participant age. There were no regions of the brain that showed an inverse relation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brain systems that have been implicated in autonomic arousal and that influence subjective feeling states show altered FC associated with stress responsivity in early life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. moriah@wayne.edu
authors.forename: Moriah E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Thomason
authors.forename: J Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Ian H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Gotlib
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000502:physiology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone