title: Fucoxanthin exerts differing effects on 3T3-L1 cells according to differentiation stage and inhibits glucose uptake in mature adipocytes.
abstract: Progression of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation is divided into early (days 0-2, D0-D2), intermediate (days 2-4, D2-D4), and late stages (day 4 onwards, D4-). In this study, we investigated the effects of fucoxanthin, isolated from the edible brown seaweed Petalonia binghamiae, on adipogenesis during the three differentiation stages of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. When fucoxanthin was applied during the early stage of differentiation (D0-D2), it promoted 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, as evidenced by increased triglyceride accumulation. At the molecular level, fucoxanthin increased protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c), and aP2, and adiponectin mRNA expression, in a dose-dependent manner. However, it reduced the expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP1c during the intermediate (D2-D4) and late stages (D4-D7) of differentiation. It also inhibited the uptake of glucose in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes by reducing the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1). These results suggest that fucoxanthin exerts differing effects on 3T3-L1 cells of different differentiation stages and inhibits glucose uptake in mature adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jejusi, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hee-Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Hye-Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hyo-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Youn-Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Nam-Ho
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Se-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D024341:Xanthophylls; C025164:fucoxanthin; D005947:Glucose