title: Similarities and differences of the soleus and gastrocnemius H-reflexes during varied body postures, foot positions, and muscle function: multifactor designs for repeated measures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the soleus (Sol), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles differ in function, composition, and innervations, it is a common practice is to investigate them as single H-reflex recording. The purpose of this study was to compare H-reflex recordings between these three sections of the triceps surae muscle group of healthy participants while lying and standing during three different ankle positions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Sol, MG and LG muscles' H-reflexes were recorded from ten participants during prone lying and standing with the ankle in neutral, maximum dorsiflexion, and maximum plantarflexion positions. Four traces were averaged for each combination of conditions. Three-way ANOVAs (posture X ankle position X muscle) with planned comparisons were used for statistical comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the H-reflex in the three muscle sections differed in latency and amplitude, its dependency on posture and ankle position was similar. The H-reflex amplitudes and maximum H-reflex to M-response (H/M) ratios were significantly 1) lower during standing compared to lying with the ankle in neutral, 2) greater during standing with the ankle in plantarflexion compared to neutral, and 3) less with the ankle in dorsiflexion compared to neutral during lying and standing for all muscles (p ≤ .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Varying demands are required for muscles activated during distinctly different postures and ankle movement tasks.
authors.affiliation: Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, State of Kuwait. hrowayeh@hsc.edu.kw
authors.forename: Hesham N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Alrowayeh
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sabbahi
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Etnyre
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000842:Ankle / Q000502:physiology*; D004576:Electromyography; D006181:H-Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted