title: Laparoscopic-Assisted Cryptorchidectomy in an Adult Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus).
abstract: A successful laparoscopic-assisted cryptorchidectomy is reported in a novel species, the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). The procedure was performed in an 8-year-old adult positioned in dorsolateral oblique recumbency, with an open approach midline subumbilical placement of the primary 10 mm optical port and carbon dioxide insufflation at 12 mmHg. Three 5 mm instrument ports were inserted under visualization in the left caudal abdomen as the retained testicle was localized to the internal inguinal ring. A 5 mm flexible organ retractor was used to assist in localizing the retained testicle. This procedure provided a less invasive alternative to open laparotomy. The authors are unaware of any published reports of laparoscopy in reindeer, or of laparoscopic assisted cryptorchidectomy in deer species.
authors.affiliation: Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh Zoo, 134 Corstorphine Road, Edinburgh EH12 6TS, UK.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pizzi
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Girling
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjolle
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Devine