title: Susceptibility of rat non-alcoholic fatty liver to the acute toxic effect of acetaminophen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acetaminophen overdose is the most frequent cause of acute liver failure. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common chronic condition of the liver. The aim was to assess whether non-alcoholic steatosis sensitizes rat liver to acute toxic effect of acetaminophen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a standard diet (ST-1, 10% kcal fat) and high-fat gelled diet (HFGD, 71% kcal fat) for 6 weeks and then acetaminophen was applied in a single dose (1 g/kg body weight). Animals were killed 24, 48 and 72 h after acetaminophen administration. Serum biochemistry, activities of mitochondrial complexes, hepatic malondialdehyde, reduced and oxidized glutathione, triacylglycerol and cholesterol contents, and concentrations of serum and liver cytokines (TNF-α, TGF-β1) were measured and histopathological samples were prepared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The degree of liver inflammation and hepatocellular necrosis were significantly higher in HFGD fed animals after acetaminophen administration. Serum markers of liver injury were elevated only in acetaminophen treated HFGD fed animals. Concentration of hepatic reduced glutathione and ratio of reduced/oxidized glutathione were decreased in both ST-1 and HFGD groups at 24 h after acetaminophen application. Mild oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen was confirmed by measurement of malondialdehyde. Liver content of TNF-α was not significantly altered, but hepatic TGF-β1 was elevated in acetaminophen treated HFGD rats. We did not observe acetaminophen-induced changes in activities of respiratory complexes I, II, and IV and activity of caspase-3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver from rats fed HFGD is more susceptible to acute toxic effect of acetaminophen, compared to non-steatotic liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. kucerao@lfhk.cuni.cz
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kučera
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roušar
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staňková
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haňáčková
authors.forename: Halka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lotková
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Podhola
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cervinková
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009336:Necrosis; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D045222:Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000082:Acetaminophen; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide