title: Associations of atherosclerotic risk factors with oxidized low-density lipoprotein evaluated by LOX-1 ligand activity in healthy men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine the relationships of risk factors for atherosclerosis with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) evaluated by a new enzyme immunoassay for measurement of LOX-1 (lectin-like OxLDL receptor) ligand.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 236 healthy men aged 33-62 years. LOX-1 ligand containing apoB (LAB) was measured by an enzyme-immunoassay using immobilized recombinant LOX-1 and anti-ApoB monoclonal antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In simple regression analysis, log-converted LAB showed significant positive correlations with history of smoking, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, LDL cholesterol, log-converted triglycerides, uric acid and white blood cell count and showed a significant negative correlation with HDL cholesterol. In multiple regression analysis using history of smoking, history of drinking, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, log-converted triglycerides and uric acid as explanatory variables, log-converted LAB showed significant correlations only with history of smoking and log-converted triglycerides. Log-converted LAB was significantly higher in heavy smokers (≥20 cigarettes per day) than in nonsmokers and light smokers (<20 cigarettes per day), while no difference in log-converted LAB was found between nonsmokers and light smokers. Log-converted LAB was significantly higher in subjects with hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg/dl), large waist circumference (≥85 cm), high diastolic blood pressure (≥85 mmHg), or metabolic syndrome defined by the NCEP-ATP III criteria than in subjects without each risk factor or metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertriglyceridemia and smoking are determinants of LOX-1 ligand activity in healthy men and are thus thought to be crucial risk factors for initiation of atherosclerotic progression through generation of OxLDL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kagehiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suehiro
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawamura
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C495137:OLR1 protein, human; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein