title: Phenotypic and functional maturation of dendritic cells induced by polysaccharide isolated from Paecilomyces cicadae.
abstract: Paecilomyces cicadae Miquel Samson is the anamorph of Cordyceps cicadae Shing and is used in functional foods for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. In the present study, we examined the effects of P. cicadae polysaccharide (PCP) on dendritic cell (DC) maturation. Phenotypic maturation of DCs by PCP was confirmed by the elevated expressions of CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I, and MHC-II molecules and functional maturation by increased expression of interleukin-12, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, enhanced allogenic T cell stimulation, and decreased endocytosis. PCP induced the maturation of DCs from C3H/HeN and C57BL/6 mice but not from Toll-like receptor (tlr) 4⁻/⁻ knockout mice and TLR4-mutated C3H/HeJ mice, which suggests that TLR4 is the membrane receptor for PCP. PCP increased the degradation of inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) α/β, which enhanced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p50/p65 and induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, which are signaling molecules downstream of TLR4. These results indicate that PCP induces DC maturation through TLR4 signaling.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jee Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hwa Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Bo Ram
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jong Soon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hwan Mook
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Ook
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Tae
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Youngsoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010143:Paecilomyces / Q000737:chemistry*; D010641:Phenotype; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases