title: Preparation, characterization, in vitro bioactivity, and osteoblast adhesion of multi-level porous titania layer on titanium by two-step anodization treatment.
abstract: To combine the advantages of different electrolytes in anodic oxidation, pure titanium samples were anodized in CH(3) COOH electrolyte according to a novel anodizing treatment regime and then in H(2) SO(4) electrolyte in potentialstatic mode. The in vitro bioactivity of the as-prepared titanium samples was evaluated by simulated body fluid (SBF) test. In addition, MG63 osteoblast-like cells were cultured on surfaces of the as-prepared titanium samples to evaluate osteoblast adhesion ability. The titanium samples after the two-step anodization treatment were covered by titania layers of anatase and/or rutile with several micrometres thickness and presented a multi-level porous surface morphology consisting of interlaced grooves about 20-μm wide overlaid with submicron scale pores. The SBF test results showed that the crystal titania layers prepared at appropriate conditions were able to induce apatite-forming in 7 days, indicating that the abundance of surface Ti-OH groups and (101)-oriented rutile structure both played important roles in in vitro bioactivity of titania layers. The cell experiment results showed that the macroscopic grooves could effectively promote osteoblast adhesion and growth and submicron scale pores might be beneficial to osteoblast adhesion. The two-step anodization treatment might be a promising candidate for surface modification of titanium implant.
authors.affiliation: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Guangfu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Zhongbing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Danhong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Wenlong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xianchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jianwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D016062:Porosity / Q000187:drug effects; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium