title: Effects of posture and acute sleep deprivation on heart rate variability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In our previous study to investigate autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity due to radio frequency (RF) radiation using heart rate variability (HRV), drowsiness was observed in approximately half of all subjects. Therefore, the usage of HRV with unwanted drowsiness could falsely indicate the effects of RF radiation by mobile phones on the ANS. The objective of this study was to determine which posture is appropriate for accurate HRV analysis for provocation study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 52 healthy subjects (25 males and 27 females) participated in this experiment. We measured the number of times a subject showed drowsiness or sleep deprivation due to awakening, and analyzed HRV six times over 30 minutes in sitting and recumbent postures, using power spectrum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We employed the ratio of low frequency power to high frequency power (LFP/HFP) to analyze the changes in the ANS. The number of sleep deprivation occurrences in the sitting posture was significantly less than that in the recumbent posture (p<0.01), resulting in smaller increase of LFP/HFP. Although LFP/HFP of the two postures varied with time without any provocation, it was more stable in sitting than in recumbent postures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A sitting posture is preferable to a recumbent posture for analyzing HRV, because of decreased drowsiness and sleep deprivation, thereby decreasing variation of LFP/HFP during experiment. Considering the drowsiness, it is also recommended that any experiment should be completed within 15 minutes, if possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsan-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Chang
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Min Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Deok Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology*