title: Plasma leptin and adiponectin levels in hormone replacement therapy and contraception: effects of different progestogens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptives containing different progestogens on adiponectin and leptin serum levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, longitudinal, semi-randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  General gynecology clinic of a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five healthy postmenopausal and 45 healthy premenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty postmenopausal women were randomized to receive either drospirenone (DRSP) 2 mg + E(2) 1 mg (n = 15) or norethisterone acetate (NETA) 0.5 mg + E(2) 1 mg (n = 15). Thirty premenopausal women were randomized to receive either ethinilestradiol (EE) 0.020 mg + DRSP 3 mg (n = 15) or EE 0.020 mg + desogestrel 0.15 mg (n = 15). Furthermore, 15 postmenopausal and 15 premenopausal untreated women served as controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adiponectin and leptin serum levels before and after 6 months of hormonal therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in leptin levels were detected in any group after 6 months. Adiponectin levels were significantly reduced in the NETA + E(2) group and increased in the EE + DRSP group, while remaining unmodified in all other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hormone replacement therapy with NETA, but not with DRSP, decreases serum adiponectin levels. Oral contraceptives containing DRSP increase serum adiponectin levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. costantino.dicarlo@unina.it
authors.forename: Costantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
authors.forename: Giovanni A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Tommaselli
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fabozzi
authors.forename: Romina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bifulco
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sparice
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nappi
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D011372:Progestins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D020738:Leptin; D011372:Progestins