title: Effect of the method of preparation on the composition and cytotoxic activity of the essential oil of Pituranthos tortuosus.
abstract: The aerial parts of Pituranthos tortuosus (Desf.) Benth and Hook (Apiaceae), growing wild in Egypt, yielded 0.8%, 0.6%, and 1.5% (v/w) of essential oil when prepared by hydrodistillation (HD), simultaneous hydrodistillation-solvent (n-pentane) extraction (Lickens-Nickerson, DE), and conventional volatile solvent extraction (preparation of the "absolute", SE), respectively. GC-MS analysis showed that the major components in the HD sample were beta-myrcene (18.81%), sabinene (18.49%), trans-iso-elemicin (12.90%), and terpinen-4-ol (8.09%); those predominent in the DE sample were terpinen-4-ol (29.65%), sabinene (7.38%), gamma-terpinene (7.27%), and beta-myrcene (5.53%); while the prominent ones in the SE sample were terpinen-4-ol (15.40%), dill apiol (7.90%), and allo-ocimene (4E,6Z) (6.00%). The oil prepared in each case was tested for its cytotoxic activity on three human cancer cell lines, i.e., liver cancer cell line (HEPG2), colon cancer cell line (HCT116), and breast cancer cell line (MCF7). The DE sample showed the most potent activity against the three human cancer cell lines (with IC50 values of 1.67, 1.34, and 3.38 microg/ml against the liver, colon, and breast cancer cell lines, respectively). Terpinen-4-ol, sabinene, gamma-terpinene, and beta-myrcene were isolated from the DE sample and subjected to a similar evaluation of cytotoxic potency; significant activity was observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hossam M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.forename: Shahira M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ezzat
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009822:Oils, Volatile