title: Identification of maturation and protein synthesis related proteins from porcine oocytes during in vitro maturation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In vitro maturation (IVM) of mammalian oocytes is divided into the GV (germinal vesicle stage), MI (metaphase I stage) and MII (metaphase II stage) stages, and only fully mature oocytes have acquired the ability to be fertilized and initiate zygotic development. These observations have been mostly based on morphological evaluations, but the molecular events governing these processes are not fully understood.The aim of the present study was to better understand the processes involved in the molecular regulation of IVM using 2-DE analysis followed by mass spectrometry to identify proteins that are differentially expressed during oocyte IVM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 16 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated proteins were identified. To investigate the IVM process, we specifically focused on the proteins that were up-regulated during the MII stage when compared with the GV stage, which included PRDX 2, GST, SPSY, myomegalin, PED4D, PRKAB 1, and DTNA. These up-regulated proteins were functionally involved in redox regulation and the cAMP-dependent pathway, which are essential for the intracellular signaling involved in oocyte maturation. Interestingly, the PDE4D and its partner, myomegalin, during the MII stage was consistently confirmed up-regulation by western blot analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results could be used to better understand some aspects of the molecular mechanisms underlying porcine oocyte maturation. This study identified some regulatory proteins that may have important roles in the molecular events involved in porcine oocyte maturation, particularly with respect to the regulation of oocyte meiotic resumption, MII arrest and oocyte activation. In addition, this study may have beneficial applications not only to basic science with respect to the improvement of oocyte culture conditions but also to mammalian reproductive biotechnology with potential implications.
authors.affiliation: CHA Bio & Diostech Co., Ltd. 606-16 Yeoksam 1 dong, Gangnam gu, Seoul 135-907, Korea.
authors.forename: Jumi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk 363-883, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Yunjo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.affiliation: Genomic Informatics Center, Hankyong National University, 67 Sukjong-dong, Ansung-city, Kyongi-do, 456-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Hak Kyo
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural & Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Nag-Jin
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: National Institute of animal Science, Suwon 441-706 Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Bong
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Kang Seok
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.affiliation: CHA Bio & Diostech Co., Ltd. 606-16 Yeoksam 1 dong, Gangnam gu, Seoul 135-907, Korea.|Graduate School of Life Science, CHA Stem Cell Institute, College of Medicine, CHA University, 605 -21 Yeoksam 1 dong, Gangnam gu, Seoul 135-907, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Seok
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Brain Korea 21 Project, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Chae