title: Adiponectin gene polymorphism is selectively associated with the concomitant presence of metabolic syndrome and essential hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiovascular risk increases with the presence of both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hypertension (HTN). Although the adiponectin (ADIPOQ) gene has been reported to be involved in MetS, its association with HTN remained undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the association of ADIPOQ gene with the phenotypes of HTN and MetS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 962 participants from 302 families from the Taiwan young-onset hypertension genetic study were enrolled. Plasma adiponectin were measured, and association analysis was conducted by using GEE regression-based method. Another study, of 1448 unrelated participants, was conducted to replicate the association between ADIPOQ gene and variable phenotypes of MetS with or without HTN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 962 subjects from family samples, the lowest plasma adiponectin value was observed in MetS with HTN component (9.3±0.47 µg/ml) compared with hypertensives (13.4±0.74 µg /ml) or MetS without HTN (11.9±0.60 µg/ml, P<0.05). The SNP rs1501299 (G276T) in ADIPOQ gene was found associated with the presence of HTN in MetS (odds ratio for GG+GT vs. TT = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.14-5.3, p = 0.02), but not rs2241766 (T45G). No association of ADIPOQ gene with HTN alone or MetS without HTN was observed. The significant association of the SNP rs1501299 (G276T) with the phenotype of presence of HTN in MetS was confirmed (odds ratio for GG+GT vs. TT = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.1-4.3) in the replication study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADIPOQ genetic variants were selectively and specifically associated with the concomitant presence of MetS and HTN, suggesting potential genetic linkage between MetS and HTN.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Hsin-Bang
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: Chia-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Shing-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yuh-Shiun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jong
authors.forename: Wen-Harn
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jaw-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin