title: Multicentre experience with the BridgePoint devices to facilitate recanalisation of chronic total coronary occlusions through controlled subintimal re-entry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The major challenge for the interventional treatment of chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO) is a low primary success rate. A common problem is the passage of the recanalisation wire into a subintimal position. New devices, which were evaluated in the first multicentre study in CTOs resistant to a conventional wire approach, may help to facilitate a controlled re-entry into the true lumen. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of this approach, with successful true lumen distal wire passage as the primary endpoint.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two patients were enrolled in four centres with high expertise in PCI for CTOs. All CTOs were of at least three months duration, and were initially attempted with dedicated recanalisation wires. After failure to pass or creation of a subintimal dissection, the BridgePoint devices were applied, consisting of a ball-tipped catheter (CrossBoss) to pass the proximal occlusion cap, and a flat-shaped balloon catheter (Stingray catheter) to be inflated within the subintimal space to guide the re-entry into the true vessel lumen with a special wire (Stingray guidewire). The primary endpoint was met in 67% of all patients. A higher success rate seemed to be possible when all devices were used in sequenced beginning with the CrossBoss, and in the case of a subintimal passage, followed by the Stingray. True lumen re-entry failed because of the loss of distally contrast filling and thus loss of a target for re-entry, and by a failure to advance the Stingray balloon far enough distal and parallel to the distal lumen. There were no severe device related complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with complex CTOs referred to dedicated centres with high experience in CTOs, these results demonstrate the potential of a guided re-entry from a subintimal wire position by use of the BridgePoint devices.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik I, Klinik Darmstadt GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany. gerald.werner@klinikum-darmstadt.de
authors.forename: Gerald S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schofer
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sievert
authors.forename: Chad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kugler
authors.forename: Nicolaus J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Reifart
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D057785:Catheters; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged