title: [Chemical characteristic of water-soluble ions in total suspended particles (TSP) at Lijiang winter time].
abstract: 25 total suspended particles (TSP) samples were collected at Lijiang city from Dec 2008 to Jan 2009. Analyzed results indicated that the concentration of CU-, NO3-, SO4(2-), Na+ , NH+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were 16.00, 14.95, 49.40, 3.12, 44.75, 8.65, 29.50 and 183.02 neq x m(-3) respectively. The average total aerosol loading was 349.39 neq x m(-3), and the average concentration of Ca2+ was 52.38% percent of average total concentration, indicated it was the dominant ion in this sampling. The average concentration of detected cations was 3.35 times of anions, suggested the sum of cations generally exceed the sum of anions in our samples, and the main anion was not detected. The average value of SO4(2-)/NO3- was 3.98, showing that the sustained sources have mainly influences on air. According to the correlation coefficients among ions and factor analysis, Ca2+ and Mg2+ in our samples were from dust, and the sources of NO3-, SO4(2-), NH4+ and K+ were related to various combustion processes by human activities. As a whole, the ions in our samples were mainly combined as CaCO3, (NH4)2SO4, MgCO3, KNO3 and a little CaSO4 and Ca(NO3)2.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China. 236923zh@163.com
authors.forename: Ning-Ning
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Chun-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xian-Zhong
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hui-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Xin
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D002681:China; D007477:Ions / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis*; D010316:Particle Size; D012621:Seasons; D012995:Solubility; D013431:Sulfates / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007477:Ions; D009566:Nitrates; D013431:Sulfates