title: Type I diabetes-associated tolerogenic properties of interleukin-2.
abstract: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) results from insulin-producing beta cells destruction by diabetogenic T lymphocytes in humans and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. The breakdown of tolerance has been associated with a defect in the number and the function of naturally occurring regulatory T cells (nTreg) that are the master player in peripheral tolerance. Gene knockout experiments in mouse models have shown a nonredundant activity of IL-2 related to its critical role in inducing nTreg and controlling peripheral T cell tolerance. Whereas strong evidence has suggested that IL-2 is critically required for nTreg-mediated T1D control, several fundamental questions remain to be addressed. In this paper, we highlight the recent findings and controversies regarding the tolerogenic properties of IL-2 mediated through nTreg. We further discuss a potential link between the immunomodulatory role of interleukin-2 and the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11 525, P.O. Box 59046, Saudi Arabia. chentoufiaziz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Aziz Alami
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chentoufi
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaudreau
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabha
authors.forename: Abdelaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amrani
authors.forename: Geyhad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elghazali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D051927:CD24 Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051927:CD24 Antigen; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D007376:Interleukin-2