title: Manual high-dose regional intraoperative thrombolysis of lower extremity emboli after open repair of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.
abstract: We describe a case of high-dose regional intraoperative thrombolysis subsequent to mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of postoperative distal extremity embolization of the right lower limb owing to open repair of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Mechanical thrombectomy was performed from the popliteal artery but residual embolic occlusion of all three tibial arteries remained. The limb was elevated, exsanguinated, and a blood cuff was placed below the knee and inflated to suprasystolic pressure to isolate the limb from systemic circulation. An 18-gauge infusion catheter was introduced to the exposed dorsalis pedis artery. Subsequently, the exposed great saphenous vein was cannulated and drained. A total of 100 mg of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator diluted in 500 mL of saline was infused into the anterior tibial artery with a slow hand infusion for 30 minutes. The infusion was continuously collected through the great saphenous cannulation and a closed loop was confirmed by angiogram. The limb was flushed with heparin and saline solution. Infusion catheter was extracted and the great saphenous vein was ligated. Blood cuff was removed, arterial flow was re-established, and a postprocedural arteriogram confirmed successful revascularization. This method may be an alternative to microtibial embolectomy at the foot ankle level after severe lower limb embolization after acute open repair of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular, First Department of Surgery, University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece. bakogian@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Chris N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Bakoyiannis
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kafeza
authors.forename: Konstantinos P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Economopoulos
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsekouras
authors.forename: Sotirios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Georgopoulos
authors.forename: Efstathios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papalambros
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery*; D001019:Aortic Rupture / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004617:Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D017131:Thrombectomy; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents