title: Crushing artifacts resulting in small blue cellular clusters that simulate small cell carcinoma.
abstract: The presence of "crushing" artifacts in histological sections is a very common finding and represents a potentially major pitfall for the surgical pathologist, particularly in small biopsy specimens. Microscopically, it appears as bluish clusters in which the cellular details are not recognizable. Here the authors report examples of this phenomenon that have been reported or that they have personally observed and emphasize some diagnostic clue to avoid its overinterpretation and the dire clinical consequences that this may entail.
authors.affiliation: University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Flamminio
authors.forename: Anna Lisa
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Tosi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fellegara
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000473:pathology; D006411:Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary; D016591:Histocytological Preparation Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D013088:Spermatocele / Q000175:diagnosis; D006848:Testicular Hydrocele / Q000175:diagnosis; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology