title: Intra-operative cystoscopy in gynaecological surgery: a brief overview.
abstract: Recent studies using universal cystoscopy have demonstrated a higher rate of urinary tract injury at major gynaecological procedures than previously thought. These injuries are associated with significant medical and medico-legal implications. The sensitivity of visual inspection is low and cystoscopic screening with intravenous dye improves detection. We review the evidence for intra-operative cystoscopy in gynaecology, with emphasis on rates of urinary tract injury and the use of intravenous contrast dye.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Praveen L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Indraratna
authors.forename: Colin A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Kate H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007203:Indigo Carmine; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000293:injuries
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007203:Indigo Carmine