title: Intraperitoneal photodynamic therapy mediated by a fullerene in a mouse model of abdominal dissemination of colon adenocarcinoma.
abstract: Functionalized fullerenes represent a new class of photosensitizer (PS) that is being investigated for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of various diseases, including cancer. We tested the hypothesis that fullerenes could be used to mediate PDT of intraperitoneal (IP) carcinomatosis in a mouse model. In humans this form of cancer responds poorly to standard treatment and manifests as a thin covering of tumor nodules on intestines and on other abdominal organs. We used a colon adenocarcinoma cell line (CT26) stably expressing luciferase to allow monitoring of IP tumor burden in BALB/c mice by noninvasive real-time optical imaging using a sensitive low-light camera. IP injection of a preparation of N-methylpyrrolidinium-fullerene formulated in Cremophor-EL micelles, followed by white-light illumination delivered through the peritoneal wall (after creation of a skin flap), produced a statistically significant reduction in bioluminescence and a survival advantage in mice.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This team of investigators report on functionalized fullerenes, to be used as photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy and demonstrate the efficacy of this method in an intraperitoneal carcinomatosis mouse model.
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mroz
authors.forename: Yumin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Asanuma
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Konopko
authors.forename: Timur
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhiyentayev
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Sulbha K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Tianhong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Usman J
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wharton
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hamblin
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000473:pathology; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008823:Micelles; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D037741:Fullerenes; D008823:Micelles; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011759:Pyrrolidines; C054965:N-methylpyrrolidine