title: A pilot study of the impact of genotype on nifedipine pharmacokinetics when used as a tocolytic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the pharmacokinetics of nifedipine when used for tocolysis in preterm labor and to determine the impact of genetics on these parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pharmacokinetic study performed on women given tocolytic nifedipine. Over one dosing interval, drug concentrations, clinical data, and genotype for Cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A5 polymorphisms were obtained. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was used to estimate nifedipine exposure at steady state.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean nifedipine area under the curve in 20 pregnant women was 86.1±61.1 ng/ml/h. The mean nifedipine exposure differed by expression of CYP3A5 (expressers [exp]: 139.5±97.3 ng/ml/h vs. nonexpressers[non]: 68.3 ± 31.8 ng/ml/h, p = 0.02). Four women consumed CYP3A inhibitors and this affected the nifedipine concentrations (p < 0.001). CYP3A5 expressers had less improvement in contraction frequency after the loading dose (p = 0.04), at steady state (p = 0.006), and at 0-1 h after the study dose (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CYP3A5 genotype plays a role in nifedipine concentration when used as a tocolytic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. dahaas@iupui.edu
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Sara K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Quinney
authors.forename: Catherine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Jamie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Renbarger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011247:Pregnancy; D015149:Tocolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015149:Tocolytic Agents; C510164:CYP3A5 protein, human; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D009543:Nifedipine