title: Rhodococcus artemisiae sp. nov., an endophytic actinobacterium isolated from the pharmaceutical plant Artemisia annua L.
abstract: A Gram-positive, non-motile actinobacterium, designated YIM 65754T, was isolated from the stem of Artemisia annua L., collected from Yunnan province, south-west China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain YIM 65754T comprised an evolutionary lineage within the genus Rhodococcus. The isolate clustered with Rhodococcus pyridinivorans PDB9T, Rhodococcus gordoniae W 4937T and Rhodococcus rhodochrous DSM 43241T, with which it shared 98.4, 97.9 and 97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively. However, DNA-DNA relatedness demonstrated that strain YIM 65754T was distinct from its closest phylogenetic neighbours. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose, galactose, mannose and glucose (cell-wall chemotype IV). The major menaquinone was MK-8(H2) and the predominant fatty acids were C16:0 (27.83 %), iso-C15:0 2-OH and/or C16:1ω7c (20.21 %) and 10-methyl C18:0 (17.50 %). The DNA G+C content was 66.2 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence, the isolate represents a novel species of the genus Rhodococcus, for which the name Rhodococcus artemisiae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is YIM 65754T (=CCTCC AA 209042T=DSM 45380T).
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
authors.forename: Guo-Zhen
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-Resources Sustainable Utilization, CAS, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen-Yong
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
authors.forename: Shou-Zheng
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
authors.forename: Li-Xing
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-Resources Sustainable Utilization, CAS, RNAM Center for Marine Microbiology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity in Southwest China, Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D031172:Artemisia annua / Q000382:microbiology*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002681:China; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D060026:Endophytes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000382:microbiology; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012240:Rhodococcus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C024223:vitamin MK 8