title: [Antitumor effects of gefitinib for metastatic brain tumors from lung carcinomas with EGFR mutation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with lung cancer harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation respond remarkably well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the EGFR (EGFR-TKI). We examined the relation of the EGFR mutation and the efficacy of EGFR-TKI for metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients with brain metastases from lung cancer were treated in our hospital from January 2007 to October 2010. Among them, 9 patients were examined on their EGFR mutation of tumors using the PNA-LNA PCR clamp method, and were treated with gefitinib, given orally at a daily dose of 250 mg. The drug efficacy for brain tumors was evaluated with MRI and CT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients had EGFR mutation (4 in exon 19, and 3 in exon 21). Five patients showed partial response, 3 remained stable, and one had progressive disease. All 5 patients who showed partial response had EGFR mutation. One patient who had progressive disease had no EGFR mutation. Three patients (case 1, 2 and 6) among 5 patients who showed partial response were well controlled only with gefitinib (without radiation).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that the efficacy of EGFR-TKI for metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer is related to the EGFR mutation of tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Takamatsu-city, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyota
authors.forename: Atsuhiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuramoto
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katzumata
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawauchi
authors.forename: Yuzo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D000077156:Gefitinib; D018773:Genes, erbB-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011799:Quinazolines; D000077156:Gefitinib