title: Stability of Sodium Nitroprusside and Sodium Thiosulfate 1:10 Intravenous Admixture.
abstract: PURPOSE: Thiosulfate has been shown to reduce the risk of cyanide toxicity during nitroprusside administration. Admixtures containing both agents may provide a safe and effective alternative to more expensive agents used to reduce blood pressure in the critically ill patient. This study determined the physical and chemical stability of a 1:10 nitroprusside:thiosulfate admixture, stored up to 48 hours. The economic consequences of a shift toward using thiosulfate and nitroprusside, and away from higher cost alternatives, are considered.  METHODS: Seven samples of 50 mg nitroprusside and 500 mg thiosulfate were prepared and stored away from light, at room temperature, and in a refrigerator prepared in D5W and NS. Each sample was analyzed via a novel high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method at time 0, 8, 24, and 48 hours. The method was tested and passed specifications for linearity, reproducibility, and accuracy. A visual inspection by 9 licensed pharmacists was used to demonstrate physical stability. A cost evaluation comparing nitroprusside and thiosulfate to alternative agents was completed.  RESULTS: The concentration of both nitroprusside and thiosulfate remain greater than 95% of the initial concentration through 48 hours. Physical compatibility was confirmed in all samples tested through 72 hours.  CONCLUSION: The combination of nitroprusside and thiosulfate is chemically and physically stable as a single compounded dose for up to 48 hours when stored at room temperature and protected from light. The admixture represents an inexpensive option to other higher cost alternatives such as nicardipine or clevidipine.
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Pharmacy Resident and Clinical Instructor, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin.
authors.forename: Lucas T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Edmund J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: Karen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Ashwanth
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vijayan
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Joshua E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Medow
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vermeulen