title: Selection of reference genes for normalization of qRT-PCR analysis of differentially expressed genes in soybean exposed to cadmium.
abstract: Accurate normalization of gene expression with qRT-PCR depends on the use of appropriate reference genes (RGs) for the species under a given set of experimental conditions. Multiple RGs for gene expression analysis of soybean exposed to heavy metal stress treatment have not been reported in the literature. In this study, we evaluated the expression stability of ten candidate RGs in leaves, roots and stems of two soybean cultivars exposed to cadmium (Cd). Based on the geNorm and NormFinder analysis, ACT3, PP2A, ELF1B and F-box were the most stable RGs in these gene expression studies. In contrast, G6PD, UBC2, TUB, and ELF1A were the most variable ones and should not be used as RGs in these experimental conditions.
authors.affiliation: Greenhouse and Processing Crops Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2582 County Road 20, Harrow, ON, N0R 1G0, Canada.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kangfu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Vaino
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Poysa
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium