title: Saliva in perimenopausal and early postmenopausal women. A 2-year follow-up study.
abstract: This study aims to investigate salivary flow and biochemical constituents of menopausal-age women with the hypothesis that women using hormone therapy (HT) might present better saliva values than non-users. Two hundred HT users and 200 non-users were selected at random from a cohort study of 3,173 peri- and postmenopausal women and invited to a 2-year clinical follow-up study. Clinical examination with saliva sampling was made at baseline and 2 years later. Salivary total protein, albumin, and immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations were analyzed. Final material included 106 consistent HT users and 55 non-users. Backward logistic regression analysis was made to determine the risk factors for higher or lower than medium salivary protein values. No difference was seen in salivary flow rate, total protein, and IgA values between baseline and follow-up measurements or between the groups. Albumin, IgG, and IgM concentrations were significantly lower in the 2-year samples of the HT group when compared with baseline. IgA and IgM values were higher in the non-HT 2-year samples when compared with the corresponding HT samples. The only significant explanatory factor for higher than median salivary albumin concentration was the number of teeth both at baseline and 2 years later. HT possibly improved epithelial integrity since the concentrations of serum components albumin, IgG, and IgM decreased during the follow-up. HT as such does not seem to affect saliva, although it may modify it. The clinical relevance of these results needs to be assessed in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, PB 41, Helsinki 00014, Finland. laura.tarkkila@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tarkkila
authors.forename: Jussi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Furuholm
authors.forename: Aila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiitinen
authors.forename: Jukka H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Meurman
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000502:physiology; D047648:Perimenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D012636:Secretory Rate; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides