title: [Clinical characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease with esophageal injury in korean: focusing on risk factors].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies suggest that the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasing in Korea. However, studies on risk factors for GERD have yielded inconsistent results. The aims of this study were to compare clinical features between symptomatic syndromes without esophageal injury (=non-erosive disease [NED]) and syndromes with esophageal injury (=erosive disease [ED]), and to determine risk factors associated ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 450 subjects who visited gastroenterology clinics of six training hospitals in Daegu from March 2008 to April 2010 were consecutively enrolled. The subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire which inquired about gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. The questionnaire also included questions about smoking, alcohol drinking, consumption of coffee, use of drugs, exercise, and other medical history. The subjects were subdivided into NED and ED groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of subjects in each NED and ED group was 172 (38.2%) and 278 (61.8%). Male gender, smoking, alcohol drinking, consumption of coffee, large waist circumference, infrequent medication of antacids, aspirin and NSAIDs, infrequent and mild GERD symptoms were all significantly associated with ED on univariate analysis. Age, hiatal hernia, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, change in weight during 1 year, and number of typical GERD symptoms were not independent risk factors for ED. However, the association between ED and alcohol drinking, infrequent medication of antacids, mild typical GERD symptoms remained as strong risk factors after adjustments on multivariate logistic analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Independent risk factors associated with ED were alcohol drinking, infrequent medication of antacids and mild typical GERD symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Min Kyu
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Sung Kook
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung Ik
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Si Hyung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyeong Ok
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun Soo
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang Bum
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Kyung Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Tae
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Joong Goo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Joong Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang Hun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chang Keun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyang Eun
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Seong Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000863:Antacids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003069:Coffee; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D000863:Antacids; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003069:Coffee; D001241:Aspirin