title: A low cost fMRI-compatible tracking system using the Nintendo Wii remote.
abstract: It is sometimes necessary during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments to capture different movements made by the subjects, e.g. to enable them to control an item or to analyze its kinematics. The aim of this work is to present an inexpensive hand tracking system suitable for use in a high field MRI environment. It works by introducing only one light-emitting diode (LED) in the magnet room, and by receiving its signal with a Nintendo Wii remote (the primary controller for the Nintendo Wii console) placed outside in the control room. Thus, it is possible to take high spatial and temporal resolution registers of a moving point that, in this case, is held by the hand. We tested it using a ball and racket virtual game inside a 3 Tesla MRI scanner to demonstrate the usefulness of the system. The results show the involvement of a number of areas (mainly occipital and frontal, but also parietal and temporal) when subjects are trying to stop an object that is approaching from a first person perspective, matching previous studies performed with related visuomotor tasks. The system presented here is easy to implement, easy to operate and does not produce important head movements or artifacts in the acquired images. Given its low cost and ready availability, the method described here is ideal for use in basic and clinical fMRI research to track one or more moving points that can correspond to limbs, fingers or any other object whose position needs to be known.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain. cmodrono@ull.es
authors.forename: Cristián
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Modroño
authors.forename: Antonio F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Hernández
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marcano
authors.forename: Gorka
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Navarrete
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Burunat
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monserrat
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: González-Mora
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D018910:Video Games / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult