title: A new aspect of metastasis in cutaneous cancer: two cases of presacral squamous cell carcinoma with metastases to internal iliac nodes.
abstract: We report 2 cases of presacral squamous cell carcinoma. In these cases, it was suspicious that the tumor disseminated to the internal iliac nodes through the direct pathway called the neurovascular lymphatic space (NVLS) around the superior/inferior gluteal vessels or sciatic nerve bypassing external iliac nodes. NVLS was initially reported as accessory pathway which follows the major vessels forming a sheath like structure with an actual or potential space between the vessel wall and the enveloping membrane. NVLS has been reported to be observed as a tubular shadow within the neurovascular sheath by lymphangiographies of lymphedema patients using oil-based contrast material. These cases provide insights into the potential pathway through which a cutaneous tumor disseminates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Hokkaido at Sapporo, Sapporo, Japan. ko03252000@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oashi
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Arata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsutsumida
authors.forename: Chu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oyamatsu
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Funayama
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D006119:Groin; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery; D007084:Iliac Vein; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*