title: Laparoendoscopic single-site totally extraperitoneal adult inguinal hernia repair: initial 100 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This report aims to describe the authors' initial experience with laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair in 100 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent an elective LESS TEP inguinal hernia repair between December 2008 and September 2010 in a single center were enrolled prospectively in this study. Patient demographic data, hernia characteristics, and operative and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. An Alexis wound retractor was placed through the 2-cm subumbilical incision as a homemade transumbilical access platform after the preperitoneal space was created by a balloon dissector. Standard procedures of TEP all were finished using conventional straight laparoscopic instruments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 100 patients in this study, 2 underwent conversion to LESS transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair. The remaining 98 patients received successful LESS TEP inguinal hernia repair by a single surgeon. No patient required open or conventional laparoscopic conversion. However, one patient did experience recurrence. The mean operative time was 64.2 min, and the hospital stay was 1.54 days. One patient with a history of bladder surgery had a minor intraoperative bladder injury. No major postoperative complication occurred, but 11 patients had seroma or hematoma, 2 had epididymitis, 2 had urinary tract infection, 1 had wound dehiscence, 1 had wound infection, and 1 had urinary retention. This single-arm observational study was limited by the absence of a control cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our experience, in the hands of experienced laparoscopic surgeons, LESS TEP repair for adult inguinal hernia using the homemade port as an access platform is feasible and safe and provides acceptable operative outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shiu-Dong
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Chao-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shuo-Meng
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shun-Fa
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Yao-Chou
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Shih-Chieh
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chueh
authors.forename: Hong-Jeng
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D055815:Young Adult