title: A survey of culturable aerobic and anaerobic marine bacteria in de novo biofilm formation on natural substrates in St. Andrews Bay, Scotland.
abstract: This study reports a novel study of marine biofilm formation comprising aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Samples of quartz and feldspar, minerals commonly found on the earth, were suspended 5 m deep in the North Sea off the east coast of St. Andrews, Scotland for 5 weeks. The assemblage of organisms attached to these stones was cultivated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in the laboratory. Bacteria isolated on Marine Agar 2216 were all Gram-negative and identified to genus level by sequencing the gene encoding 16S rRNA. Colwellia, Maribacter, Pseudoaltermonas and Shewanella were observed in aerobically-grown cultures while Vibrio was found to be present in both aerobic and anaerobic cultures. The obligate anaerobic bacterium Psychrilyobacter atlanticus, a recently defined genus, was identified as a close relative of isolates grown anaerobically. The results provide valuable information as to the main players that attach and form de novo biofilms on common minerals in sea water.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, UK.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Finnegan
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Melgares
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gmerek
authors.forename: W Ryan
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Huddleston
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Shiela E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Unkles
mesh_terms: D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology*; D018441:Biofilms; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012606:Scotland; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S