title: Effect of high-protein or normal-protein diet on weight loss, body composition, hormone, and metabolic profile in southern Brazilian women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized study.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of a high protein (HP) and a normal protein (NP) diet on patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and body mass index-matched controls in a sample of southern Brazilian women. This 8-week randomized trial was carried out at a university gynecological endocrinology clinic and included 18 patients with PCOS and 22 controls. Changes in weight, body composition, hormone, and metabolic profile were analyzed in women randomized to receive HP (30% protein, 40% carbohydrate, and 30% lipid) or NP (15% protein, 55% carbohydrate, and 30% lipid). The energy content was estimated for each participant at 20-25 kcal/kg current weight/day. Physical activity, blood pressure, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index, and fasting and 2-h glucose and insulin remained stable during the intervention in PCOS and controls, even in the presence of weight loss. There were no changes in lipid profile in either group. In contrast, body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percent of body fat, and sum of trunk skinfolds decreased significantly after both diets in both groups. Total testosterone also decreased in PCOS and controls regardless of diet. In conclusion, calorie reduction, rather than protein content, seemed to affect body composition and hormonal profile in this short-term study. These findings emphasize the role of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce weight and ameliorate the anthropometric and clinical phenotype in PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Toscani
authors.forename: Fernanda M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Mario
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Radavelli-Bagatini
authors.forename: Denusa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wiltgen
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Matos
authors.forename: Poli Maria
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Spritzer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001823:Body Composition; D001938:Brazil; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D006728:Hormones; D014280:Triglycerides; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D002784:Cholesterol