title: Contemporary pediatric splenectomy: continuing controversies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We undertook the current study to update the literature on pediatric splenectomy in the age of minimally invasive proficiency among pediatric surgeons. The study is designed to address specific concerns among surgeons about the suitability of the laparoscopic approach in specific situations and among hematologists about the relative benefits and risks of splenectomy in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of clinicopathologic data for 118 children who underwent open (OS) or laparoscopic (LS) splenectomy at an urban tertiary children's hospital from January 2000 to July 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and three cases (87%) were started as LS. Operative times were equivalent for LS and OS (P = 0.8). In the LS group, there were four conversions (3.9%) from LS to OS and five early post-operative complications (4.9%). Median length of stay was 2 days for LS and 4 days for both OS and LS converted to OS (P < 0.0001). The ten largest spleens removed by LS had greater mass (P = 0.02) and tended to have greater volume (P = 0.1) than those removed by OS. Children with hereditary spherocytosis, ITP, and hemoglobinopathy had favorable clinical outcomes, regardless of operative approach. There were no cases of overwhelming post-splenectomy sepsis in this series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic splenectomy is the preferred approach for splenectomy in children with hematological diseases, with or without splenomegaly. Compared to open splenectomy, laparoscopic splenectomy has equivalent operative time and improved length of stay. Both approaches have excellent therapeutic outcomes for appropriate indications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Partrick
authors.forename: Taru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hays
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sauaia
authors.forename: Frederick M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Karrer
authors.forename: Moritz M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ziegler
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007813:Laparotomy; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013156:Splenectomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome