title: Variation in results of volume measurements of stumps of lower-limb amputees: a comparison of 4 methods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the reliability of 4 methods (water immersion, computer-aided design [CAD] photometric method, CAD hand scanner, and circumferential measurements) for stump volume measurement in transtibial amputees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Repeated measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  General community, ambulatory care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transtibial amputees (N=26; mean age ± SD, 58.7±11.0y).
  
  
  METHODS
  Stump volume of patients with an amputation was measured on 2 occasions, each consisting of 2 sessions. In each session, stump volume was measured by 2 observers using each of the 4 methods. Sequence of observers and measurement methods was determined randomly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Repeatability coefficients, as a measure for reliability, for each method were calculated, as well as variance components to estimate the influence of measurement conditions on stump volumes measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeatability coefficients varied from 129mL CAD hand scanner to 158mL CAD photometric method. Error variance contributed 12% to the total variance. Methods contributed 36%, method-amputee and occasion-amputee interactions contributed both 25% to the error variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeatability coefficient was lowest for the CAD hand scanner, which indicates the best reliability. Substantial differences existed in stump volumes measured between the 4 methods.
authors.affiliation: Center for Rehabilitation De Vogellanden, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vera G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: de Boer-Wilzing
authors.forename: Arjen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bolt
authors.forename: Jan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Geertzen
authors.forename: Cornelis H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Emmelot
authors.forename: Erwin C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Baars
authors.forename: Pieter U
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000672:Amputation Stumps; D000674:Amputees / Q000534:rehabilitation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007101:Immersion; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010783:Photometry; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D015203:Reproducibility of Results