title: Adrenergic regulation of the innate immune response in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).
abstract: Catecholamines exert their physiological actions through α and β adrenergic receptors (ARs). As ARs are not exclusively expressed on neuroendocrine cells, but also on leukocytes, they may facilitate neuroendocrine modulation of immune responses. We sequenced the β(2a)-AR in common carp, and studied its expression profile and involvement in the regulation of teleost innate immune responses. β(2a)-AR messenger RNA was found to be constitutively expressed in brain areas, especially in the preoptic nucleus (NPO, homologous to the mammalian hypothalamus), and in immune organs. During the active phase of an in vivo inflammatory response, induced by i.p. zymosan treatment, β(2a)-AR gene expression was up-regulated in the peritoneal leukocytes. Additionally, adrenaline in vitro reduced the synthesis of oxygen radical species and nitric oxide, while it enhanced arginase activity in fish phagocytes. Furthermore, in vitro adrenaline administration inhibited expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and their receptors. It is therefore hypothesized that adrenaline will down-regulate phagocyte skewing toward classical/innate polarization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary Immunobiology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. magdalena.chadzinska@uj.edu.pl
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chadzinska
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tertil
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kepka
authors.forename: Trudi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hermsen
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scheer
authors.forename: B M Lidy
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Verburg-van Kemenade
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002347:Carps / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D012313:RNA; D004837:Epinephrine