title: Sitagliptin: a review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ever-increasing burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and inadequate control in the majority of patients has led to a quest for newer therapeutic options. There have been recent exciting advances in the treatment of T2DM, targeting the enteroinsular axis with incretin-based therapies that include the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The background, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of sitagliptin and important clinical trials with this drug are discussed in this paper. This review is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the DPP-IV inhibitor sitagliptin, its clinical use and an expert opinion about its place in the treatment algorithm of diabetes management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sitagliptin is a well-tolerated, moderately efficacious, weight-neutral oral antidiabetic agent, with a low incidence of hypoglycemia. It may have a particular role in the management of diabetic patients with kidney or liver dysfunction. Animal studies indicate a protective effect on the pancreatic beta cell, thus limiting the progression of the disease, but this remains to be proven in humans.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Sreevidya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subbarayan
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kipnes
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D011719:Pyrazines; D014230:Triazoles; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate