title: Sedation and monitoring for gastrointestinal endoscopy: A nationwide web survey in Italy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Best strategy of sedation/analgesia in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is still debated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate sedation and monitoring practice among Italian gastroenterologists and to assess their opinion about non-anaesthesiologist propofol administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 19-item survey was mailed to all 1192 members of the Italian Society of Digestive Endoscopy (SIED). For each respondent were recorded demographic data, medical specialty, years of practise and practise setting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 494 SIED members returned questionnaires, representing a response rate of 41.4%. The most employed sedation pattern was benzodiazepines for oesophagogastroduodenoscopies (EGDS) in 50.8% of procedures, benzodiazepines plus opioids for colonoscopy and enteroscopy in 39.5% and 35.3% of procedures, respectively, propofol for endoscopic retrograde colangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in 42.3% and 35.6% of procedures, respectively. With regard to propofol use, 66% respondents stated that propofol was exclusively administered by anaesthesiologists. However, 76.9% respondents would consider non-anaesthesiologist propofol administration after appropriate training. Pulse oximetry is the most employed system for procedural monitoring. Supplemental O(2) is routinely administered by 39.3% respondents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of sedation has become a standard practise during GI endoscopy in Italy. Pattern varies for each type of procedure. Pulse oximetry is the most employed system of monitoring. Administration of propofol is still directed by anaesthesiologists.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University-Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. fanti.lorella@hsr.it
authors.forename: Lorella
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fanti
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agostoni
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gemma
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Radaelli
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Conigliaro
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beretta
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guslandi
authors.forename: Pier Alberto
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Testoni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D054810:Deep Sedation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000379:methods*; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005762:Gastroenterology; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010092:Oximetry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015742:Propofol; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D010100:Oxygen; D015742:Propofol