title: A sternal accelerometer does not impair hemodynamics during piglet CPR.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the residual weight of a 260 g sternal accelerometer/force feedback device (AFFD) adversely affects hemodynamics during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a piglet model of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest.
  
  
  METHODS
  After induction of ventricular fibrillation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation was provided to ten piglets (10.8 ± 1.9 kg) for 12 min while maintaining aortic systolic pressure of 80-90 mm Hg during four 3-min periods with or without an AFFD on the chest. Cardiac output and left ventricular myocardial blood flow were determined by neutron-microsphere technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a linear mixed-effect model with residual maximum likelihood estimation to control for changes in cardiopulmonary resuscitation hemodynamics over time, cardiac output and myocardial blood flow did not differ with AFFD versus without AFFD. During the first 6 min, mean (± SEM) cardiac outputs were 0.42 (± 0.05)L/min with AFFD versus 0.31 (± 0.04)L/min without AFFD, and median left ventricular myocardial blood flows were 40.5 (± 7.3)mL/min/100g with AFFD versus 40.4 (± 5.0)mL/min/100g without AFFD. The mean right atrial diastolic pressures and coronary perfusion pressures were also not different (8 ± 0.7 mm Hg versus 8 ± 0.9 mm Hg and 16 ± 2 mm Hg versus 16 ± 2 mm Hg, respectively, during the first 6 min of CPR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a 260 g accelerometer/force feedback device designed for real-time feedback to the rescuer during resuscitation efforts did not adversely affect cardiac output or left ventricular myocardial blood flow during 12 min of chest compressions in a piglet model of ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest.
authors.affiliation: The University of Arizona Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zuercher
authors.forename: Ronald W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hilwig
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gura
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nysaether
authors.forename: Vinay M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Nadkarni
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: Karl B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Berg
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000818:Animals; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013249:Sternum; D015996:Survival Rate; D013552:Swine; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*