title: Development of a solvent-free method for the simultaneous identification/quantification of drugs of abuse and their metabolites in environmental water by LC-MS/MS.
abstract: This work details a rapid analytical method using direct sample injection for the simultaneous identification/quantification of 22 drugs of abuse, including some of their major metabolites, in environmental samples. This has been developed using a hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap-mass spectrometer (QqLIT). With the increasing sensitivity of today's tandem mass spectrometers, direct injection analysis of water samples has become an attractive alternative to traditional analytical protocols, which often include a preliminary pre-concentration step. What's more, this kind of analysis is in accordance with many of the main objectives of so-called green analytical chemistry, or environmentally friendly practice. The analytical performance of the LC-MS/MS method was evaluated in three different water matrices (surface water, influent and effluent wastewater). Data acquisition was carried out in selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode under time-scheduled conditions, monitoring two SRM transitions for simultaneous identification/quantification of all target compounds in the samples. Additionally, an experiment was performed using the information-dependent acquisition (IDA) scan to carry out the identification of those analytes for which the second transition was present at a low intensity. Finally, the two methodologies developed were applied to real samples for evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Pesticide Residues Research Group, Department of Hydrogeology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Almería, 04120 La Cañada de San Urbano, Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Martínez Bueno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uclés
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hernando
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fernández-Alba
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical