title: Identification of estrogen receptor agonists in sediments from Wenyu River, Beijing, China.
abstract: Assignment of ecological impacts of contamination to specific classes of contaminants is a prerequisite for risk assessment and remediation. In this study, the combination of polarity-based fractionation, two-hybrid yeast bioassay, and chemical analysis were used to evaluate and identify estrogen receptor agonists (ER-agonists) in sediments from Wenyu River, Beijing, China. By bioassay, organic raw sediment extracts could induce significant estrogenicity and the bioassay-derived 17β-estradiol equivalents (EEQs) of raw extracts (EEQ(raw)s) ranged from 0.8 to 19.8 ng/g dry weight. By polarity-based fractionation, the raw extracts were separated into three fractions, i.e. non-polar, moderately polar, and polar fractions, which were subjected to bioassay and chemical analysis. The highest estrogenicity was observed in the polar fraction, which accounted for more than 78% of the total. The medium polar fraction contains PAHs and OCPs, and the estrogenic activities in this fraction contributed 3%-12% of the total in raw extract. An estrogenic activity of non-polarity fraction was negligible in compare to other two fractions. By chemical analysis and toxic equivalent calculation, major part of the estrogenicity in polar fraction could be attributed to six natural/synthetic estrogens (16%-63%), i.e. 17β-estradiol, estrone, estriol, 17α-ethynylestradiol, diethylstilbestrol, and β-estradiol-17-valerate, and to nonylphenols (26%-55%). The proposed approach has been successfully used for characterization of ER-agonists in this case study.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Bingli
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jinmiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.forename: Zijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004964:Estriol / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004970:Estrone / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000819:agonists*; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D010636:Phenols; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol; C025256:nonylphenol; D004964:Estriol