title: Successful treatment of nephrotic syndrome caused by recurrent IgA nephropathy with chronic active antibody-mediated rejection three years after kidney transplantation.
abstract: Here, we report the successful treatment of a 38-yr-old Japanese man diagnosed with recurrent immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) with chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (CAAMR), three yr after undergoing living-related donor kidney transplantation. Immediately after transplantation, the allograft function was well maintained with a serum creatinine (S-Cr) level of <1.8 mg/dL. About three yr after transplantation, urine protein excretion had reached 4.59 g/d, and the S-Cr level had increased to more than 2.0 mg/dL. Based on the allograft biopsy, we diagnosed nephrotic syndrome because of recurrence of IgAN with CAAMR. Subsequently, we performed a tonsillectomy, administered three sessions of steroid pulse therapy, and added losartan for the recurrence of IgAN. We also changed his immunosuppressant from mizoribine to mycophenolate mofetil to treat the CAAMR. The nephrotic syndrome improved with the multiple therapeutic approaches; however, the S-Cr level did not decrease below 2.0 mg/dL. We possibly could have performed additional treatments such as rituximab and intravenous immunoglobulin for the CAAMR, but therapeutic strategies for CAAMR have not yet been established.
authors.affiliation: Division of Kidney and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. t-yaginuma@f00.itscom.net
authors.forename: Tatsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yaginuma
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitome
authors.forename: Akimitsu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yudo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanno
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Youichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hosoya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000150:complications*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D012008:Recurrence; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014068:Tonsillectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007518:Isoantibodies