title: Evidence of in vitro differential secretion of human beta-defensins-1, -2, and -3 after selective exposure to Streptococcus agalactiae in human fetal membranes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to characterize the individual contribution of the amnion (AMN) and choriodecidua (CHD) regions to the secretion of human beta defensins (HBD)-1, -2, and -3, after stimulation with Streptococcus agalactiae.
  
  
  METHODS
  Full-thickness membranes were mounted on a Transwell device, constituted by two independent chambers; 1 × 10(6) CFU/ml of S. agalactiae were added to either the AMN or CHD face or to both. Secretion profiles of HBD-1, HBD-2, and HBD-3 to the culture medium were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent sandwich assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Secretion profile of HBD-1 remained without significant changes; HBD-2 secretion level by the CHD increased 2.0 (2.73 ± 0.19 pg/μg) and 2.6 (3.62 ± 0.60 pg/μg) times when the stimulus was applied only to the CHD region and simultaneously to both compartments, respectively. The bacterial stimulation in the AMN induced a 2.0 times (2.06 ± 0.29 pg/μg) increase in this region. HBD-3 secretion level increased significantly in the CHD (15.65 ± 2.68 pg/μg) and the AMN (14.94 ± 1.85 pg/μg) only when both regions were stimulated simultaneously.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The stimulation of human fetal membranes with S. agalactiae induced a differential and tissue-specific profile of HBD-1, HBD-2, and HBD-3 secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico. sciencefeedback@gmail.com
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zaga-Clavellina
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garcia-Lopez
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flores-Espinosa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C406407:DEFB1 protein, human; C422950:DEFB103A protein, human; C106641:DEFB4A protein, human; D023083:beta-Defensins