title: HLA DRB1*1501 is only modestly associated with lesion burden at the first demyelinating event.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The presence of MRI lesions at the first demyelinating event increases the risk of developing clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS). The HLA DRB1*1501 genotype is linked to MS susceptibility but its relationship to quantitative MRI parameters at the first demyelinating event has not been assessed. The objectives were to assess the associations between HLA DRB1*1501 status and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures in clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) at the first demyelinating event.
  
  
  METHODS
  We genotyped 205 CIS patients (age: 29.0±7.7 years) enrolled in the Observational Study of Early Interferon beta 1-a Treatment in High Risk Subjects after CIS (SET study), a multi-center, clinical study of CIS for rs3135005, a single nucleotide polymorphism associated with HLA DRB1*1501 status. The inclusion criteria required 2 or more brain MRI lesions and the presence of two or more oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid. Clinical and MRI assessments were obtained within 4 months of the initial demyelinating event.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of HLA DRB1*1501 positivity was 102/205 (49.7%). HLA DRB1*1501 positivity was associated with higher contrast-enhancing (CE) lesion number (p=0.002), higher CE-lesion volume (LV) (p<0.001) and exhibited a trend with higher T2-LV (p=0.012). There was no evidence for significant associations of HLA DRB1*1501 positivity with disability, symptoms at CIS presentation, whole brain, white and gray matter atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HLA DRB1*1501 positivity is associated with increased brain inflammatory processes at first clinical onset. However, the effect sizes of the HLA DRB1*1501 associations with MRI are modest, which potentially limits the clinical usefulness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Horakova
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zivadinov
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weinstock-Guttman
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Havrdova
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamaño-Blanco
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tyblova
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bergsland
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krasensky
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaneckova
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Seidl
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lelkova
authors.forename: Murali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramanathan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; C489631:HLA-DRB1*15:01 antigen; D016899:Interferon-beta