title: Review on aging, unloading and reloading: changes in skeletal muscle quantity and quality.
abstract: Aging and muscle unloading are associated with a decline in muscle mass, structure, force and changes in the mechanical properties of skeletal muscle. There is a perception that reloading restores muscle architecture and function but differences in the regeneration capacity of intra- and extra-cellular compartments, age dependent susceptibility to muscle damage, particularly in the contractile machinery, make it difficult to attribute the main role of the above mentioned components. This review briefly summarizes studies that examine aging skeletal muscle during unloading and reloading. The article highlights changes in muscle mass, structure, extra-cellular matrix (ECM) components, strength, locomotion, adaptability to exercise, peculiarities of protein metabolism, susceptibility to glucocorticoids and recovery of muscle from injury.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu, Ülikooli 18, 50090 Tartu, Estonia. teet.seene@ut.ee
authors.forename: Teet
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seene
authors.forename: Priit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaasik
authors.forename: Eva-Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Riso
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000502:physiology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D055070:Resistance Training; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009124:Muscle Proteins