title: Determination of cranberry phenolic metabolites in rats by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: The glycosides of flavonoid, anthocyanins and A type proanthocyanidins in cranberry concentrate were characterized and quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Cranberry concentrate (1 g/body weight) was orally gavaged to Fischer-344 rats (n = 6), and blood and urine samples were collected over 24 h periods. Quercetin, 3'-O-methylquercetin (isorhamnetin), myricetin, kaempferol, and proanthocyanidin dimer A2, together with thirteen conjugated metabolites of quercetin and methylquercetin and intact peonidin 3-O-galactoside and cyanidin 3-O-galactoside were identified in the rat urine after cranberry treatment. Very low levels of isorhamnetin (0.48 ± 0.09 ng/mL) and proanthocyanidin dimer A2 (0.541 ± 0.10 ng/mL) were found in plasma samples after 1 h of cranberry administration. Although no quercetin was detected in plasma, MRM analysis of the methanolic extract of urinary bladder showed that chronic administration of cranberry concentrate to rats resulted in accumulation of quercetin and isorhamnetin in the bladder. These results demonstrate that cranberry components undergo rapid metabolism and elimination into the urine of rats and are present in the urinary bladder tissue potentially allowing them to inhibit urinary bladder carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Rajani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rajbhandari
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arabshahi
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wyss
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Jeevan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Prasain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts