title: Comparison of oral impacts experienced by patients treated with labial or customized lingual fixed orthodontic appliances.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective was to compare the oral impacts experienced by patients treated with labial or customized lingual fixed orthodontic appliances.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an age- and sex-matched prospective longitudinal study of 60 adult patients treated with either labial or customized lingual fixed orthodontic appliances over a 3-month period. Ratings of oral impacts experienced and satisfaction were made on visual analog scales at 3 time points after appliance fixation. Variations in oral impacts and satisfaction over the trajectory of treatment were assessed. Area-under-the-curve analyses were conducted to assess variations in oral impacts and satisfaction between the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients experienced oral impact disturbances, although these disturbances decreased over time (P < 0.001). Patients treated with customized lingual appliances reported more oral discomfort (P < 0.001), dietary changes (P < 0.001), swallowing difficulty (P < 0.001), speech disturbances (P < 0.001), and social problems (P < 0.001) than did those in the other group. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding ratings of oral self-care, mastication, and satisfaction level of treatment (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicate that oral impacts are commonly experienced during both labial and customized lingual fixed orthodontic therapies. However, the oral impacts decreased over the observational period. Patients treated with customized lingual appliances experienced more oral impacts. Both groups had similar levels of treatment satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Abby
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Colman
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Ricky W K
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wiechmann
authors.forename: A Bakr M
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rabie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design / Q000523:psychology; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012648:Self Care; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014061:Tongue Habits; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult