title: Human eosinophils produce and release a novel chemokine, CCL23, in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CCL23 (MPIF1/CK-BETA-8) is a novel CC chemokine that plays important roles in the inhibition of myeloid progenitor cell development, the selective recruitment of resting T lymphocytes and monocytes, and the potentiation of VEGF-induced proliferation and migration of human endothelial cells. Since eosinophils participate in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling, we examined CCL23 production and release by human eosinophils in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using Ficoll and antibody-coated immunomagnetic beads, eosinophils and other blood cells were purified from peripheral blood samples obtained from normal subjects and mildly allergic patients. Eosinophils were cultured in the presence of 10 ng/ml granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), 10 ng/ml IL-5, 100 ng/ml IFN-γ, 100 ng/ml IFN-α, or immobilized secretory IgA (sIgA). Total mRNA was extracted after 6 h of culture, and mRNA expression was measured using a microarray and RT-PCR. The CCL23 concentrations in the supernatants and cell lysates after 24 and 48 h of culture were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CCL23 mRNAs (both CK-β8-1 and CK-β8) were constitutively expressed in fresh eosinophils, and their expression levels were higher than in other types of blood cells. CCL23 mRNAs were significantly increased by stimulation with GM-CSF and IL-5 and slightly by IFN-α and immobilized sIgA. Fresh eosinophils contained trace amounts of CCL23 protein. CCL23 was significantly released into the supernatant when the eosinophils were stimulated with GM-CSF or IL-5 but not with IFN-γ or immobilized sIgA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that eosinophils produce and release CCL23 and may be involved in some in vivo physiological and pathological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Allergy and Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D001773:Blood Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000494:pharmacology; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C105504:CCL23 protein, human; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D015848:Interleukin-5; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor