title: Cesarean scar pregnancy: a rare cause of uterine arteriovenous malformation.
abstract: A 38-year-old gravida 4, para 2 woman with a history of two Cesarean sections and one curettage was referred to our hospital, because of painless vaginal bleeding and 6 weeks + 2 days of amenorrhea. The first diagnosis was Cesarean scar pregnancy, managed with methotrexate. Subsequently, an arteriovenous malformation developed, which was diagnosed with color Doppler imaging. The diagnosis was confirmed with angiography. Successful bilateral uterine artery embolization was performed with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx), n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Histoacryl), and gelfoam.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul Bakirkoy Maternity and Children Diseases Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oncology Unit, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akbayir
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gedikbasi
authors.forename: Alpaslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akyol
authors.forename: Adem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ucar
authors.forename: Sezin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saygi-Ozyurt
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gulkilik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000150:complications*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D004659:Enbucrilate; D005260:Female; D005781:Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable; D006801:Humans; D011145:Polyvinyls; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply*
chemical_list: C450660:Onyx copolymer; D011145:Polyvinyls; D004659:Enbucrilate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide