title: Innate immune system gene polymorphisms in maternal and child genotype and risk of preterm delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is little information about the combination of genetic variability in pregnant women and their children in relation to the risk of preterm delivery (PTD). In a sub-cohort of 487 non-Hispanic white and 288 African-American mother/child pairs, the Pregnancy Outcomes and Community Health Study assessed 10 functional polymorphisms in 9 genes involved in innate immune function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Race-stratified weighted logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios for genotype and PTD/PTD subtypes. Polymorphisms significantly associated with PTD/PTD subtypes were tested for mother/child genotype interactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three maternal polymorphisms (IL-1 receptor antagonist intron two repeat (IL-1RN), matrix metalloproteinase- -C1562T, and TNF receptor two M196R (TNFR2)) and three child polymorphisms (IL1-RN, tumor necrosis factor-alpha -G308A, and TNFR2) were associated with PTD, but associations varied by PTD subtype and race. Two interactions were detected for maternal and child genotype. Among non-Hispanic white women, the odds of PTD was higher when both mother and child carried the IL-1RN allele two (additive interaction p < 0.05). Among African-American women, the odds of PTD were higher when both mother and child carried the TNFR2 R allele (multiplicative interaction p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results highlight the importance of assessing both maternal and child genotype in relation to PTD risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. njones@epi.msu.edu
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holzman
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Steven S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Witkin
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Genc
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Friderici
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Devrim
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sezen
authors.forename: Oksana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Babula
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Jernigan
authors.forename: Hwan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wirth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult