title: Local anesthetic systemic toxicity: prevention and treatment.
abstract: Anesthesia is a sine qua non for most surgeries. Like any medical advance, progress in regional anesthesia has not come without its share of complications, including a spectrum extending from localized nerve injury to systemic cardiovascular toxicity and death. This article discusses the mechanisms and clinical presentation, prevention, treatment, and future trends of local anesthetic systemic toxicity. The adverse effects of lipid emulsion therapy are also included.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 3200 West UICH MC 515, 1740 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Pmerca1@uic.edu
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mercado
authors.forename: Guy L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Weinberg
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D008081:Liposomes; D014280:Triglycerides