title: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is associated with silent cerebral infarction in patients on haemodialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis (HD), silent cerebral infarctions (SCI) are associated with high mortality. Levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) increase with renal dysfunction and may be a novel predictor for cerebrovascular events. We tested the hypothesis that increased MCP-1 concentration correlate with the occurrence of SCI in HD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, 52 Japanese patients undergoing HD were divided into two groups: with SCI (61 ± 7 years, mean ± SD, n= 28) and without SCI (60 ± 6 years, n= 24). The gender, metabolic profiles and MCP-1 concentration were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of MCP-1 was higher in the with-SCI group than in the without-SCI group (P < 0.0001). The proportion of smokers was higher in the with-SCI group (P < 0.05) than in the without-SCI group. Plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower, while uric acid level was higher, in the with-SCI group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.05 respectively) compared to the without-SCI group. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified MCP-1 level as being significantly associated with the presence of SCI (odds ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval = 1.10-5.75, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that patients with chronic renal failure who are maintained on HD exhibit an increased prevalence of SCI, and that MCP-1 is significantly associated with the presence of SCI in HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Tsukumi Central Hospital, Oita, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nawata
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eshima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimatsu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D015415:Biomarkers; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019338:Polypharmacy; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2