title: Relationship between residual plasma viremia and the size of HIV proviral DNA reservoirs in infected individuals receiving effective antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Residual plasma viremia (<50 copies/mL) persists in certain human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, the relationship between the degree of residual plasma viremia, the size of HIV reservoirs, and the level of immune activation has not been delineated. Here, we demonstrate that residual plasma viremia correlates with the size of the CD4(+) T cell viral reservoir, but not with markers of immune activation, suggesting that reactivation of the latent viral reservoir may not be the sole source of residual plasma viremia. Novel therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting the source of residual viremia may be necessary to achieve viral eradication.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. twchun@nih.gov
authors.forename: Tae-Wook
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: J Shawn
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Justement
authors.forename: Claire W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hallahan
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moir
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.forename: Anthony S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fauci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology*; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014766:Viremia
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral