title: Socioeconomic position and effectiveness of lifestyle intervention in prevention of type 2 diabetes: one-year follow-up of the FIN-D2D project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lifestyle intervention is effective in prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in high-risk individuals. However, health behaviour and health outcomes are modified by socioeconomic position through various mechanisms. It is therefore possible that success in lifestyle intervention may be determined by factors such as level of education or occupation. In this study we assessed the impact of the level of education and occupation on the baseline anthropometric and clinical characteristics and their changes during a one-year follow-up in a cohort of Finnish men and women at high risk for T2D aged 20-64 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of a Finnish national diabetes prevention programme 2003-2007 (FIN-D2D), high-risk individuals were identified using opportunistic screening for lifestyle intervention in primary health care. 1,067 men and 2,122 women had one-year follow-up data. Education and occupation were used as factors of socioeconomic position. Measures of anthropometric and clinical characteristics included weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, FINDRISC scores and glucose tolerance status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effect of intervention was similar in all socioeconomic groups, but the level of education was related to glucose tolerance status in both genders. In addition, socioeconomic differences existed in blood pressure, weight, BMI, waist circumference and HDL cholesterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Socioeconomic position did not seem to have any impact on the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention in individuals at high risk for T2D, which is encouraging from the point of view of reducing health inequalities.
authors.affiliation: Pirkanmaa Hospital District, Oulu, Finland. nina.rautio@oulu.fi
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rautio
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jokelainen
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oksa
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saaristo
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peltonen
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niskanen
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Puolijoki
authors.forename: Mauno
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanhala
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uusitupa
authors.forename: Sirkka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors