title: Tool-use observation makes far objects ready-to-hand.
abstract: Previous evidence has shown that active tool-use remaps agents' reaching space with far objects being perceived as reachable and graspable. To date, however, there is no evidence that tool-use observation might also be effective in reaching space remapping. The present six experiments show that not only performing but also observing tool actions may extend the representation of reaching space, useful for grasping objects. In addition, like active tool-use, tool-use observation also impacts on visual distance judgment. Interestingly, these effects only occurred when observers shared the same action potentialities with the agent, i.e., while passively holding a tool compatible with the goal and the spatial range of the observed action. The present findings demonstrate that observing someone else acting with a tool may actually shape the way we map the objects and the space around us, suggesting that such a mapping could provide us with a keystone for coordinating and integrating our actions with those of others.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Italy. marcello.costantini@unich.it
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costantini
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ambrosini
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sinigaglia
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gallese
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003867:Depth Perception; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination; D007100:Imitative Behavior; D008297:Male; D010550:Personal Space; D012016:Reference Values; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D053001:Tool Use Behavior; D055815:Young Adult