title: Osteoporotic fractures in the Brazilian community-dwelling elderly: prevalence and risk factors.
abstract: The risk of osteoporotic fractures is known to vary among populations. There are no studies analyzing concomitantly clinical, densitometric, and lab risk factors in miscigenated community-dwelling population of Brazil. A total of 1007 elderly subjects (600 women and 407 men) from São Paulo, were evaluated using a questionnaire that included risk factors for osteoporotic fractures. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the hip and lumbar spine. Laboratory blood tests were also obtained. The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures was 13.2% (133 subjects), and the main fracture sites were distal forearm (6.0%), humerus (2.3%), femur (1.3%), and ribs (1.1%). Women had a higher prevalence (17.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.6-20.6) than men (6.9%; 95% CI: 4.4-9.3) (p<0.001). After adjusting for significant variables, logistic regression revealed that female gender (odds ratio [OR]=2.7; 95% CI; 1.6-4.5; p<0.001), current smoking (OR=1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.3; p=0.013), and the femoral neck T-score (OR=0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.9; p=0.001) remain significant risk factors for osteoporotic fractures in the community-dwelling elderly. Our findings identified that female gender, current smoking, and low hip BMD are independent risk factors for osteoporotic fractures.
authors.affiliation: Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Rheumatology Division, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaqueline B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Camille P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Valeria F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Caparbo
authors.forename: Liliam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Paulo R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scazufca
authors.forename: Rosa M R
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000886:Anthropometry; D015519:Bone Density; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck; D006621:Hip Joint; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects