title: Angiography in the isolated perfused kidney: radiological evaluation of vascular protection in tissue ablation by nonthermal irreversible electroporation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a novel nonthermal tissue ablation technique by local application of high-voltage current within microseconds leading to a delayed apoptosis. The purpose of this experimental study was the first angiographic evaluation of the acute damage of renal vascular structure in NTIRE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Results of conventional dynamic digital substraction angiography (DSA) and visualization of the terminal vascular bed of renal parenchyma by high-resolution X-ray in mammography technique were evaluated before, during, and after NTIRE of three isolated perfused porcine ex vivo kidneys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the dedicated investigation, no acute vascular destruction of the renal parenchyma and no dysfunction of the kidney perfusion model were observed during or after NTIRE. Conspicuous were concentric wave-like fluctuations of the DSA contrast agent simultaneous to the NTIRE pulses resulting from NTIRE pulse shock wave.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NTIRE offers an ablation method with no acute collateral vascular damage in angiographic evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. johann.wendler@med.ovgu.de
authors.forename: Johann Jakob
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wendler
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pech
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blaschke
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porsch
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janitzky
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dudeck
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ricke
authors.forename: Uwe-Bernd
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Liehr
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000818:Animals; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010477:Perfusion; D013552:Swine