title: Nutritional therapy in critically ill and injured patients.
abstract: Nutritional support of critically ill or injured patients has undergone significant advances in the last few decades. These advances are the direct result of the growing scientific progress and increased knowledge of the biology and biochemistry of key metabolic and nutrient changes induced by injury, sepsis, and other critical illnesses, both in adults and children. As this knowledge has increased, the science of nutritional support has become more disease based and disorder based. This article discusses protein and nitrogen metabolism in critically ill patients, immunomodulation, and the key nutrients involved in an immune-enhancing diet.
authors.affiliation: Trauma Division, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, PO Box 245063, 1501 North Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA. Latifi@surgery.arizona.edu
authors.forename: Rifat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Latifi
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001120:Arginine / Q000502:physiology; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005973:Glutamine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000502:physiology; D018529:Nutritional Support; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009711:Nucleotides; D011506:Proteins; D005973:Glutamine; D001120:Arginine; D009584:Nitrogen