title: Informational needs of breast cancer patients on chemotherapy: differences between patients' and nurses' perceptions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer and chemotherapy are sources of anxiety and worry for cancer patients. Information provision is therefore very important to empower them to overcome and adjust to the stressful experience. Thus, nurses should be aware of the informational needs of the patients throughout the course of their care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to identify the important information required by breast cancer patients during the first and fourth cycles of chemotherapy from both the patients' and nurses' perceptions.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a longitudinal study used a questionnaire adapted from the Toronto Informational Needs Questionnaires-Breast Cancer (TINQ-BC). Some modifications were made to meet the specific objectives of the study. The study was conducted in the Chemotherapy Day Care at the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Malaysia. A total of 169 breast cancer patients who met the inclusion criteria, and 39 nurses who were involved in their care were recruited into the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall mean scores at first and fourth cycle of chemotherapy were 3.91 and 3.85 respectively: i.e., between 3 (or important) and 4 (or very important), which indicated a high level of informational needs. There was no significant difference in information needed by the breast cancer patients between the two cycles of chemotherapy (p=0.402). The most important information was from the subscale of disease, followed closely by treatment, physical care, investigative tests and psychosocial needs. Nurses had different views on the important information needed by breast cancer patients at both time points (p = 0.023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast cancer patients on chemotherapy have high levels of informational needs with no significant differences in information needed at first cycle as opposed to fourth cycle. There were differences between the perceptions of the breast cancer patients and the nurses on important information needed. A paradigm shift, with an emphasis on patients as the central focus, is needed to enhance the information giving sessions conducted by nurses based on the perceptions of the patients themselves.
authors.affiliation: Nursing Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Malaysia. plchui@ummc.edu.my
authors.forename: Chui Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Yip Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Har
authors.forename: Khatijah Lim
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Abdullah
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008296:Malaysia; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010361:Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D010465:Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires