title: Bioaccumulation, maternal transfer and elimination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in wild frogs.
abstract: To investigate bioaccumulation, maternal transfer and elimination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in amphibians, we collected adult frogs (Rana limnocharis) from a rice field in an e-waste recycling site in China. We found that ∑PBDEs in the whole frogs and various tissues (brain, liver, testis and egg) ranged from 17.10 to 141.11 ng g(-1) wet weight. Various tissues exhibited a similar PBDE congener profile, which was characterized by intermediate brominated congeners (BDE-99 and BDE-153) as the largest contributors, with less lower brominated congeners (BDE-28 and BDE-47) and higher brominated congeners (BDE-209). The maternal transfer capacity of PBDEs declined with the increase in bromine numbers of PBDE congeners. We suggest that the bromine atom number (the molecular size, to some degree) might be a determining factor for the maternal transport of a PBDE congener rather than K(ow) (Octanol-Water partition coefficient), which expresses a compound's lipophilicity. ∑PBDEs concentrations in frogs decreased over time during a depuration period of 54 days when these wild frogs were brought to the lab from the e-waste recycling site. The half-life of ∑PBDEs was 35 days, with about 14 days for BDE-47, and 36 and 81 days for BDE-99 and BDE-153, respectively. The data shows that the elimination of PBDEs has no essential difference from aquatic and terrestrial species.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Peng-Yan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guo-Dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Ya-Xian
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yun-Song
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Ai-Qian
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhan-Fen
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Xiao-You
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shi-Shuai
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rong-Guo
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xiao-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yong-Jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism*; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011898:Ranidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers