title: N-acetylcysteine ameliorates nitrosative stress on radiation-inducible damage in rat liver.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to investigate the potential radioprotective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on radiation-induced nitrosative stress caused by gamma irradiation (single dose, 6 Gy) in rat liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats (n=40) were divided randomly and equally into 4 groups: Control (C), Radiation (R), R+NAC (received irradiation and 1,000 mg/kg of NAC) and R+WR-2721 (received irradiation and 200 mg/kg of WR-2721). Liver tissue of each animal was harvested and utilized for 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) detection using high-performance liquid chromatography- ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the R rats, 3-NT levels significantly increased when compared to those of the C rats (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in the 3-NT levels among R+NAC and R+WR-2721 rats. Histologically examined liver tissue samples showed no obvious differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests that irradiation has a negative effect on the cellular proteins by enhancing 3-NT formation. The prophylactic use of NAC seems to reduce the nitrosative damage during radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey. sevilkilciksiz@gmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kilciksiz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Demirel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Evirgen Ayhan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Erdal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gurgul
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tamer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ayaz
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004999:Amifostine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D004999:Amifostine; D000111:Acetylcysteine