title: Comparative study of the effect of green and roasted water extracts of mate (Ilex paraguariensis) on glucosyltransferase activity of Streptococcus mutans.
abstract: Glucosyltransferase (GTF) plays an important role in the development of dental caries. This study was carried out to compare the efficiency of green mate (GM) and roasted mate (RM) water extracts, drinks rich in polyphenolic compounds consumed in the subtropical region of South America, on the extracellular GTF activity from Streptococcus mutans. The RM extract exhibited a greater inhibitory effect (IC₅₀ of 10 mg/mL) despite presenting lower polyphenolic content. The kinetic analysis showed that there were significant differences (P < 0.05) between the extracts with respect to the values for K(m) and K(i), whereas the values for V(max) were the same, implying the competitive nature of GTF inhibition. GTF activity was also measured using selected polyphenols as inhibitors, and the most effective inhibitors were rutin and caffeoylshikimic acid. The characterization of the extracts by ESI-MS and UPLC-MS showed that the compounds formed during roasting, possibly shikimic acid derivatives and other unindentified compounds formed by the Maillard reaction, appeared to contribute to the inhibition of GTF activity.
authors.affiliation: São Francisco University (USF) ,  Bragança Paulista, SP ,  Brazil.
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Battagim
authors.forename: Verônica Trícoli de
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Natália Reiko Sato
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.forename: Ildenize Barbosa da Silva
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Alexandra Christine
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Sawaya
authors.forename: Anna Maria Alves de Piloto
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Marcos Nogueira
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Eberlin
authors.forename: Marcelo Lima
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Patrícia de Oliveira
authors.initials: Pde O
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D030019:Ilex paraguariensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D005964:Glucosyltransferases