title: High-speed digital color imaging pyrometry.
abstract: Temperature measurements of high-explosive and combustion processes are difficult to obtain due to the speed and environment of the events. To overcome these challenges, we have characterized and calibrated a digital high-speed color camera that may be used to measure the temperature of such events. A two-color ratio method is used to calculate a temperature using the color filter array raw image data and a graybody assumption. If the raw image data are not available, temperatures may be calculated from the processed images or movies, depending on proper analysis of the digital color imaging pipeline. We analyze three transformations within the pipeline (demosaicing, white balance, and gamma correction) to determine their effect on the calculated temperature. Using this technique with a Phantom color camera, we have measured the temperature of exploded C-4 charges. The surface temperature of the resulting fireball was found to rapidly increase after detonation, and subsequently decayed to a constant value of approximately 1980  K.
authors.affiliation: United States Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, USA. john.m.densmore@us.army.mil
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Densmore
authors.forename: Matthew M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Biss
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: McNesby
authors.forename: Barrie E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Homan