title: Oridonin nanosuspension enhances anti-tumor efficacy in SMMC-7721 cells and H22 tumor bearing mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate both the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of an oridonin nanosuspension (ORI-N) relative to efficacy of bulk oridonin delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  ORI-N with a particle size of 897.2±14.2 nm and a zeta potential of -21.8±0.8 mV was prepared by the high-pressure homogenization (HPH) technique. The in vitro cytotoxicity of ORI-N against SMMC-7721 cells was evaluated by MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, the effects of ORI-N on cell cycle and cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry; the in vivo anti-tumor activity was observed in H22 tumor bearing mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ORI-N effectively inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that ORI-N arrested SMMC-7721 cells in the G2/M cycle, and furthermore, that ORI-N induced a higher apoptotic rate than the bulk ORI solution. In vivo studies ORI-N also showed higher antitumor efficacy as measured by reduced tumor volume and tumor weight, as well as lower toxicity in H22 solid tumor bearing mice compared to free ORI at the same concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the delivery of ORI-N as a nanosuspension is a promising approach for treating tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xinbing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Dianrui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiumei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000032:analysis; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010316:Particle Size; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane; C011959:oridonin