title: IκB Kinase ε expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: IκB kinase (IKKε) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that belongs to the IKK kinase family. Recent studies have shown that IKKε functions as a breast and ovarian cancer oncogene. We demonstrated frequent overexpression of IKKε in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). We immunohistochemically evaluated 78 PDAs using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method and the anti-IKKε rabbit polyclonal antibody. Elevated IKKε reactivity (immunohistochemical score, 4-9) was observed in 64% of PDAs (50/78), but in 0.0% of nonneoplastic pancreatic ductal epithelium (0/113; P < .001). Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival revealed that patients with high IKKε-immunohistochemical scores (4-9) had significantly shorter survival than did patients with low IKKε immunohistochemical scores (0-3; P = .023; log-rank test) independent of tumor stage or grade. These data indicate that deregulation of IKKε is a common event in PDA and might have an important role in the pathogenesis of this deadly disease. In addition, IKKε could serve as a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for PDA intervention.
authors.affiliation: Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Evita
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Henderson-Jackson
authors.forename: Donghwa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mokenge
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malafa
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coppola
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase