title: Effect of a motivational group intervention on exercise self-efficacy and outcome expectations for exercise in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) contend with multiple barriers to exercise. Interventions are needed to enhance attitudes theoretically linked to exercise behavior.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of Walk, Address Sensations, Learn About Exercise, Cue Exercise for SSDs (WALC-S) intervention on exercise self-efficacy (SEE) and outcome expectations (OEES) in 97 outpatients with SSDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental, pre- and posttest. Randomization to experimental (WALC-S) or time-and-attention control (TAC) after baseline SEE and OEES measures. Measures repeated after WALC-S or TAC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  N = 97, 46% female, 43% African American, average age 46.9 years (SD = 2.0). Mean SEE scores were significantly higher in WALC-S participants after intervention, F(1, 95) = 5.92, p = .0168, however, mean OEES scores were significantly higher in control participants after intervention, F(1, 95) = 5.76, p = .0183.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to examine SEE and OEES in SSDs. Interventions to enhance exercise attitudes are a critical first step toward the ultimate goal of increasing exercise participation.
authors.affiliation: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA, lbeebe1@utk.edu.
authors.forename: Lora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Humphrey Beebe
authors.forename: Kathlene
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burk
authors.forename: Olivera
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dessieux
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velligan
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tavakoli
authors.forename: Clif
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tennison