title: Rapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients reduces atherosclerosis risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Micronutrients polyphenols, tocopherols and phytosterols in rapeseed exert potential benefit to cardiovascular system, but most of these micronutrients are removed by the refining process. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rapeseed oil fortified with these micronutrients on the atherosclerosis risk factors in rats fed a high-fat diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rodent diet contained 20% fat whose source was refined rapeseed oil (RRO) or fortified refined rapeseed oil with low, middle and high quantities of these micronutrients (L-, M- and H-FRRO). Forty male SD rats were divided into four groups. One group received RRO diet and other groups received L-, M- and H-FRRO diet for 10 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Micronutrients supplementation significantly increased plasma antioxidant defense capacities, as evaluated by the significant elevation in the activities of GPx, CAT and SOD as well as the level of GSH, and the significant decline in lipid peroxidation. These micronutrients also reduced the plasma contents of TG, TC and LDL-C and increased the ratio of HDL-C/LDL-C. In addition, in parallel with the enhancement of these micronutrients, plasma levels of IL-6 and CRP declined remarkably.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rapeseed oil fortified with micronutrients polyphenols, tocopherols and phytosterols may contribute to prevent atherogenesis by ameliorating plasma oxidative stress, lipid profile and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiqu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaoqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qianchun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Qingde
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jin'e
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fenghong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D057075:Enzyme Assays; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012307:Risk Factors; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008055:Lipids; D018977:Micronutrients; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D059808:Polyphenols; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D024505:Tocopherols