title: Developmental toxicity screening in zebrafish.
abstract: Given the ever-increasing toxic exposure ubiquitously present in our environment as well as emerging evidence that these exposures are hazardous to human health, the current rodent-based regulations are proving inadequate. In the process of overhauling risk assessment methodology, a nonrodent test organism, the zebrafish, is emerging as tractable for medium- and high-throughput assessments, which may help to accelerate the restructuring of standards. Zebrafish have high developmental similarity to mammals in most aspects of embryo development, including early embryonic processes, and on cardiovascular, somite, muscular, skeletal, and neuronal systems. Here, we briefly describe the development of these systems and then chronicle the toxic impacts assessed following chemical exposure. We also compare the available data in zebrafish toxicity assays with two databases containing mammalian toxicity data. Finally, we identify gaps in our collective knowledge that are ripe for future studies.
authors.affiliation: Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, Texas 77204, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: McCollum
authors.forename: Nicole A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ducharme
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bondesson
authors.forename: Jan-Ake
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D023421:Models, Animal; D041641:Musculoskeletal Development / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances