title: Comparison of humoral and cellular immune responses to inactivated swine influenza virus vaccine in weaned pigs.
abstract: Humoral and cellular immune responses to inactivated swine influenza virus (SIV) vaccine were evaluated and compared. Fifty 3-week-old weaned pigs were randomly divided into the non-vaccinated control group and vaccinated group containing 25 pigs each. Pigs were vaccinated intramuscularly twice with adjuvanted UV-inactivated A/SW/MN/02011/08 (MN/08) H1N2 SIV vaccine at 6 and 9 weeks of age. Whole blood samples for multi-parameter flow cytometry (MP-FCM) and serum samples for hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay were collected at 23 and 28 days after the second vaccination, respectively. A standard HI assay and MP-FCM were performed against UV-inactivated homologous MN/08 and heterologous pandemic A/CA/04/2009 (CA/09) H1N1 viruses. While the HI assay detected humoral responses only to the MN/08 virus, the MP-FCM detected strong cellular responses against the MN/08 virus and significant heterologous responses to the CA/09 virus, especially in the CD4+CD8+ T cell subset. The cellular heterologous responses to UV-inactivated virus by MP-FCM suggested that the assay was sensitive and potentially detected a wider range of antigens than what was detected by the HI assay. Overall, the adjuvanted UV-inactivated A/SW/MN/02011/08 H1N2 SIV vaccine stimulated both humoral and cellular immune responses including the CD4-CD8+ T cell subset.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
authors.forename: Ratree
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Platt
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Phillip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Gauger
authors.forename: Crystal L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Loving
authors.forename: Eraldo L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Zanella
authors.forename: Kelly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lager
authors.forename: Marcus E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kehrli
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000276:immunology; D057221:Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated