title: Cepheid GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay for Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection and rifampin resistance identification in patients with substantial clinical indications of tuberculosis and smear-negative microscopy results.
abstract: The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay was evaluated with microscopically negative and positive pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens from patients with substantial clinical indications for tuberculosis. For the pulmonary samples, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 90.6%, 94.3%, 93.5%, and 91.7%, and for the extrapulmonary samples, they were 100%, 91.6%, 50%, and 100%, respectively. For microscopically negative specimens, the respective values were 86.3%, 93%, 79%, and 95.6%. The assay correctly detected rifampin resistance in all but one specimen, which harbored a mixed population. The GeneXpert assay was highly effective for tuberculosis diagnosis and identification of rifampin-resistant strains in smear-negative samples.
authors.affiliation: National Reference Laboratory for Mycobacteria (NRLM), Sotiria Chest Diseases Hospital, Mesogion 152, 11527 Athens, Greece. panayotisioannidis@gmail.com
authors.forename: Panayotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Papaventsis
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karabela
authors.forename: Stavroula
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikolaou
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panagi
authors.forename: Ekaterini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raftopoulou
authors.forename: Eythymia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konstantinidou
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marinou
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanavaki
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D008853:Microscopy; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D012293:Rifampin