title: A rapid sample screening method for authenticity control of whiskey using capillary electrophoresis with online preconcentration.
abstract: The present study aimed to develop a methodology using capillary electrophoresis for the determination of sinapaldehyde, syringaldehyde, coniferaldehyde, and vanillin in whiskey samples. The main objective was to obtain a screening method to differentiate authentic samples from seized samples suspected of being false using the phenolic aldehydes as chemical markers. The optimized background electrolyte was composed of 20 mmol L(-1) sodium tetraborate with 10% MeOH at pH 9.3. The study examined two kinds of sample stacking, using a long-end injection mode: normal sample stacking (NSM) and sample stacking with matrix removal (SWMR). In SWMR, the optimized injection time of the samples was 42 s (SWMR42); at this time, no matrix effects were observed. Values of r were >0.99 for the both methods. The LOD and LOQ were better than 100 and 330 mg mL(-1) for NSM and better than 22 and 73 mg L(-1) for SWMR. The CE-UV reliability in the aldehyde analysis in the real sample was compared statistically with LC-MS/MS methodology, and no significant differences were found, with a 95% confidence interval between the methodologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Melina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vitali
authors.forename: Marcone Augusto Leal
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Ana Carolina O
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Gustavo Amadeu
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Micke
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000032:analysis; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001547:Benzaldehydes; C075384:coniferaldehyde; C069665:syringaldehyde; C075386:sinapaldehyde; D000171:Acrolein; C100058:vanillin