title: Functional analyses of two acetyl coenzyme A synthetases in the ascomycete Gibberella zeae.
abstract: Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a crucial metabolite for energy metabolism and biosynthetic pathways and is produced in various cellular compartments with spatial and temporal precision. Our previous study on ATP citrate lyase (ACL) in Gibberella zeae revealed that ACL-dependent acetyl-CoA production is important for histone acetylation, especially in sexual development, but is not involved in lipid synthesis. In this study, we deleted additional acetyl-CoA synthetic genes, the acetyl-CoA synthetases (ACS genes ACS1 and ACS2), to identify alternative acetyl-CoA production mechanisms for ACL. The ACS1 deletion resulted in a defect in sexual development that was mainly due to a reduction in 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-linoleoyl-rac-glycerol production, which is required for perithecium development and maturation. Another ACS coding gene, ACS2, has accessorial functions for ACS1 and has compensatory functions for ACL as a nuclear acetyl-CoA producer. This study showed that acetate is readily generated during the entire life cycle of G. zeae and has a pivotal role in fungal metabolism. Because ACSs are components of the pyruvate-acetaldehyde-acetate pathway, this fermentation process might have crucial roles in various physiological processes for filamentous fungi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seunghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hokyoung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Jungkwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyunghun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Gyung Ja
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jin-Cheol
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yin-Won
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000106:Acetate-CoA Ligase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015870:Gene Expression; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D005874:Gibberella / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D025282:Mycelium / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C493150:1-oleoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-palmitoylglycerol; D000085:Acetates; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A; D000106:Acetate-CoA Ligase