title: Bromoxynil residues and dissipation rates in maize crops and soil.
abstract: A residue analytical method for the determination of bromoxynil in soil and maize was developed using high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The residual level and dissipation rate of bromoxynil in the soil and maize crops were determined using the established method. The mean half-life of bromoxynil in soil was 4.12 days with a dissipation rate of 91.25% over 21 days. The mean half-life in maize seedling was 1.14 days with a dissipation rate of 97.79% over 7 days. The final residues of bromoxynil were undetectable in maize grain, maize stem and soil at the harvest time, suggesting that residual levels of bromoxynil in maize plants are safe to humans and animals as well as to the environment.
authors.affiliation: China Agricultural University, College of Science, Beijing 100193, China. chenxiaoxu666@163.com
authors.forename: Xiao-Xu
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ya-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006207:Half-Life; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D009570:Nitriles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D009570:Nitriles; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C006826:bromoxynil