title: Normative study of the category fluency test (CFT) from nationwide data on community-dwelling elderly in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined the influence of demographic characteristics on the categorical verbal fluency and to provided its' normative data for the community-dwelling elderly with diverse educational attainment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We administered the CFT using the animal category to 3025 (1420 men and 1605 women) non-demented community-dwelling Koreans aged 60-96 years who had educational levels ranging from 0 to 22 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age and education were associated significantly with performance of CFT, with education showing the stronger association. Education accounted for 14.0% of CFT score variance and age accounted for 3.2%. However, gender did not influence performance of the test. We present normative data for CFT stratified by age (60-64, 65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, and ≥85 years) and education (0, 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, 10-12, and ≥13 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CFT norms should provide clinically useful data for evaluating elderly people and help improve the interpretation of verbal fluency tasks and allow for greater diagnostic accuracy for cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Konkuk University Medical Center, 4-12, Hwayangdong, Gwanggingu, 143-729, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Ki Woong
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seolmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joon Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Tae Hui
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Ghang
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jeong Lan
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seok Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Jae Nam
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Jong Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Il Han
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Dong Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung Man
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jin Hyeong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jhoo
authors.forename: Shin-Kyum
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Maeng Je
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012016:Reference Values; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors