title: Low activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule expression is associated with advanced tumor stage and early prostate-specific antigen relapse in prostate cancer.
abstract: Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (CD166) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is aberrantly expressed in different tumors, including prostate cancer. To learn more on the prevalence and clinical significance of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule expression in prostate cancer, a tissue microarray containing 3261 primary prostate cancers treated by radical prostatectomy was used. A total of 2390 different prostate cancers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format. Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule immunostaining in cancers was compared with clinical follow-up, which was available for 1746 patients. Membranous activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule immunostaining was recorded in 1663 (69.6%) of cases. High activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule expression levels were significantly associated with favorable tumor features (pT: P = .0015; pN: P = .0008; preoperative prostate-specific antigen: P = .0057) and a lower risk of a biochemical recurrence (P = .0067). Cytoplasmatic activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule staining was usually associated with membranous staining. The small number of cancers with pure cytoplasmatic staining did not reveal any particularities with respect to clinical outcome or tumor phenotype. It is concluded that activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule protein is almost always expressed in prostate cancer and that decreased levels of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule expression may lead to an aggressive behavior of tumor cells. The abundant presence of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule and its membranous localization in prostate cancer epithelium make activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule a potentially attractive structure for targeted therapy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. s.minner@uke.de
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minner
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kraetzig
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tachezy
authors.forename: Ergin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graefen
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wilczak
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bokemeyer
authors.forename: Hartwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huland
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sauter
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schlomm
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000378:metabolism*; D005326:Fetal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016019:Survival Analysis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; C105613:ALCAM protein, human; D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule