title: Diversity and enrichment of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidizing bacteria from wastewater sludge.
abstract: Recently discovered microorganisms affiliated to the bacterial phylum NC10, named "Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera", perform nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation. These microorganisms could be important players in a novel way of anaerobic wastewater treatment where ammonium and residual dissolved methane might be removed at the expense of nitrate or nitrite. To find suitable inocula for reactor startup, ten selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in The Netherlands were screened for the endogenous presence of M. oxyfera using molecular diagnostic methods. We could identify NC10 bacteria with 98% similarity to M. oxyfera in nine out of ten WWTPs tested. Sludge from one selected WWTP was used to start a new enrichment culture of NC10 bacteria. This enrichment was monitored using specific pmoA primers and M. oxyfera cells were visualized with fluorescence oligonucleotide probes. After 112 days, the enrichment consumed up to 0.4 mM NO(2)(-) per day. The results of this study show that appropriate sources of biomass, enrichment strategies, and diagnostic tools existed to start and monitor pilot scale tests for the implementation of nitrite-dependent methane oxidation in wastewater treatment at ambient temperature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Francisca A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Luesken
authors.forename: Theo A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: van Alen
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van der Biezen
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frijters
authors.forename: Ger
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toonen
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kampman
authors.forename: Tim L G
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hendrickx
authors.forename: Grietje
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeeman
authors.forename: Hardy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Temmink
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strous
authors.forename: Huub J M
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Op den Camp
authors.forename: Mike S M
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jetten
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D008772:Methylococcaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009426:Netherlands; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D009573:Nitrites; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012722:Sewage; D008697:Methane