title: [Narcolepsy with cataplexy associated with H1N1 vaccination].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been suggested that the H1N1 vaccine may be a trigger for the onset of narcolepsy-cataplexy, a rare disease whose autoimmune origin is suspected.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report two patients (a 9-year-old boy and an 18-year-old man) with severe narcolepsy-cataplexy, in whom the illness appeared within 3-4 weeks after H1N1 vaccination. In both cases, symptoms developed unusually abruptly and they presented with severe daytime sleepiness and multiple daily cataplexy attacks. Other similar cases have been recently reported associated with H1N1 vaccine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although no formal link can be established, the unusual characteristics of the reported cases and the striking temporal relationship suggests that narcolepsy may be the result of an autoimmune reaction triggered by H1N1 vaccination in susceptible individuals.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'investigation et de recherche sur le sommeil, 46, rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Suisse.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haba-Rubio
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Rossetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tafti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heinzer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002385:Cataplexy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009290:Narcolepsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005473:Fluoxetine; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D008774:Methylphenidate; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors