title: Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. volatiles.
abstract: Two different volatile isolates from the aerial parts of Cardaria draba (L.) Desv., obtained either by hydrodistillation (Extract I) or by CH(2) Cl(2) extraction subsequent to hydrolysis by exogenous myrosinase (Extract II), were characterized by GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. The main volatiles obtained by hydrodistillation, i.e., 4-(methylsulfanyl)butyl isothiocyanate (1; 28.0%) and 5-(methylsulfanyl)pentanenitrile (2; 13.8%), originated from the degradation of glucoerucin. In Extract I, also volatiles without sulfur and/or nitrogen were identified. These were mostly hexadecanoic acid (10.8%), phytol (10.2%), dibutyl phthalate (4.5%), and some other compounds in smaller percentages. Extract II contained mostly glucosinolate degradation products. They originated from glucoraphanin, viz., 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl isothiocyanate (3; 69.2%) and 5-(methylsulfinyl)pentanenitrile (4; 4.5%), glucosinalbin, viz., 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetonitrile (5; 7.2%), and glucoerysolin, viz., 4-(methylsulfonyl)butyl isothiocyanate (6; 5.0%). Moreover, the volatile samples were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using the disc-diffusion method and determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). All volatile isolates expressed a wide range of growth inhibition activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The MIC values varied between 4 and 128 μg/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, N. Tesle 10/V, HR-21000 Split. radonic@ktf-split.hr
authors.forename: Ani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Radonić
authors.forename: Ivica
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Blažević
authors.forename: Josip
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mastelić
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zekić
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skočibušić
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maravić
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds