title: Simulating a target lesion for endoscopic submucosal dissection training in an ex vivo pig model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, there is no training model that simulates the target lesion encountered during endoscopic submucosal dissection.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a novel method simulating a target lesion for endoscopic submucosal dissection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Training program with the use of an ex vivo porcine stomach model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical skills training center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pseudopolyp was created by using an esophageal variceal ligation device to simulate a protruding (0-Ip) lesion, and the pseudopolyp was transected with a snare cautery to simulate a depressed (0-IIc) lesion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluate the histological depth of the target lesions and resected specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological findings of the simulated targets showed artificial ulcerative or polypoid lesions involving the muscularis mucosa or superficial submucosa. The resected specimen was limited to the submucosal layer, and no perforation was noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pilot study in an ex vivo porcine stomach model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most important advantage of the model is to simulate realistic target lesions like those encountered in clinical practice in endoscopic submucosal dissection training. It allows trainees to practice how to make proper markings, delineate adequate safety margins, and properly manage different subtypes of early gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Medicine Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsang-En
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Horng-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ching-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tung-Ying
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ching-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chih-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ming-Jen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004210:Dissection / Q000193:education*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000193:education*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D023421:Models, Animal; D011127:Polyps / Q000601:surgery*; D013552:Swine