title: [The "Journal de Pharmacie et de Chimie" and the two world wars].
abstract: The "Journal de Pharmacie et de Chimie" was the official publication of the Société de Pharmacie de Paris which became later on the French Academy of pharmacy. It is consequently the organ that presented scientific publications and independent position papers from pharmacists being part of this assembly and coming from universities, drugstores or pharmaceutical industries. We have analyzed the content of this journal during the last two world wars in order to evaluate to what extent the members of the Société de Pharmacie de Paris were part of the war efforts, and encouraged or criticized the on-going events. We can observe that, in both cases, pharmacists used their expert opinions to better react and manage consequences of the conflicts, but also to express their disagreement with enemy's opinions or actions, the Society doing everything possible to maintain its activities. One can observe also that both conflicts were an opportunity to reconsider the organization of pharmacy in France, especially during the Second World War where took place discussions on pharmacy reform (1941 law) and creation of the Pharmacists' Order which will ultimately occur after the war end.
authors.affiliation: bruno.bonnemain@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonnemain
mesh_terms: D005602:France; D000077406:History of Pharmacy; D049673:History, 20th Century; D010297:Paris; D010506:Periodicals as Topic / Q000266:history*; D047828:World War I; D047789:World War II