title: Interaction between amyloid precursor protein and Nogo receptors regulates amyloid deposition.
abstract: Excessive production or accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides in human brains leads to increased amyloid deposition and cognitive dysfunction, which are invariable pathological features in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many cellular factors can regulate the production of Aβ. In this study, we show that a family of proteins named Nogo receptor proteins (NgR1 to NgR3) regulates Aβ production via interaction with amyloid precursor protein (APP). Further mapping of the interacting domain indicates that a small region adjacent to the BACE1 cleavage site of APP mediates interaction of APP with Nogo receptor proteins. Our results also indicate that increased interaction between Nogo receptor and APP reduces surface expression of APP and favors processing of APP by BACE1. When NgR2 was ablated in AD transgenic mice expressing Swedish APP and PS1ΔE9, amyloid deposition was clearly reduced (0.66% of total measured area in APP(swe)/PS1ΔE9/NgR2(-/-) mice vs. 0.76% of total measured area in APP(swe)/PS1ΔE9 mice). Our results demonstrate that down-regulation of NgR expression is a potential approach for inhibiting amyloid deposition in AD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. yanr@ccf.org
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiangyou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Wanxia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Zhuohua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Riqiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; C000603199:RTN4 protein, human; C486580:RTN4R protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C000603201:Rtn4 protein, mouse; C419790:Rtn4r protein, mouse; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; C509280:BACE1 protein, human