title: Genotypic variations in non-structural carbohydrate and cell-wall components of the stem in rice, sorghum, and sugar vane.
abstract: We evaluated genetic variations in the non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) and the cell-wall components of stem in rice, sorghum, and sugar cane to assess the potential suitability of these gramineous crops for bioethanol production. For NSC, the maximum soluble sugar concentration was highest in sugar cane, followed by sorghum with sucrose. The major NSC in rice was starch, but there were wide variations in the starch to soluble sugar ratios among the cultivars. The total concentration of cell-wall components was negatively correlated with the NSC concentration, indicating competition for carbon sources. Among the cell-wall components, lignin was relatively stable within each group. The major sugar species composing hemicellulose was xylose in all crop groups, but there were differences in composition, with a higher fraction of arabinose and glucose in rice as compared to the other crops. In rice, there was less lignin than in sorghum or sugar cane; this might be advantageous for the efficient saccharification of cellulose.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Crop Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai-Sanoh
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ida
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishimaru
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishitani
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Terashima
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gau
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Motohiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D056804:Biofuels; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014644:Genetic Variation; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D031786:Saccharum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D045868:Sorghum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D013213:Starch / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D056804:Biofuels; D009005:Monosaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013395:Sucrose; C007916:hemicellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D013213:Starch