title: Late afternoon dosing of plerixafor for stem cell mobilization: a practical solution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plerixafor was recently approved for stem cell mobilization in patients who have non-Hodgkin lymphoma or multiple myeloma. However, the use of late evening (10 PM) injections is inconvenient for patients and requires an after-hours infrastructure that may not be readily available.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on an earlier study showing prolonged mobilization of stem cells in patients given plerixafor plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), we administered plerixafor at 5 PM and performed apheresis approximately 15 hours later. Plerixafor was administered primarily to patients who either had failed previous mobilization or were at risk for poor mobilization because of previous therapy, especially lenalidomide in patients who had multiple myeloma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 48 patients, including 24 with myeloma and 24 with lymphoma, 47 had enough stem cells collected (> 2 × 10E6 CD34+ cells/kg) to proceed to transplant, including all 13 patients who had failed previous chemotherapy plus G-CSF mobilization and 18 patients treated with four cycles or more of lenalidomide. The day +1 post-plerixafor increment in circulating CD34+ cells was greatest in patients who had the highest preplerixafor CD34 count; however, in patients with preplerixafor CD34+ cell counts < 10/μL (and who typically mobilize poorly), 83% of patients had enough stem cells collected to proceed to transplant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that plerixafor is effective when given 15 hours before apheresis, even in a population at high risk for mobilization failure. A proposed cost-effective use of plerixafor is to administer it to patients who are inadequately mobilized with G-CSF alone or for salvage in patients who fail previous mobilization with chemotherapy plus G-CSF.
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematologic Malignancies, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA. dennis.cooper@yale.edu
authors.forename: Dennis L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Medoff
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Conkling-Walsh
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Foss
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Stuart E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Seropian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D001596:Benzylamines; D002452:Cell Count; D000080027:Cyclams; D005260:Female; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D001596:Benzylamines; D000080027:Cyclams; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; C088327:plerixafor