title: Physical examination findings in young athletes correlate with history of shoulder instability.
abstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate physical examination findings in a healthy cohort and determine potential correlations with a history of shoulder instability. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using the baseline data for an ongoing prospective cohort study to examine the risk factors for shoulder instability. A complete history of shoulder instability events was obtained, and a blinded physical examination was performed. The cohort comprised 711 patients (627 men, 84 women) with a mean age of 18.8 years. A total of 100 patients had a history of shoulder instability. Patients with a history of instability were more likely to have increased posterior translation (P=.010), positive apprehension sign (P=.003), positive relocation sign (P=.007), and sulcus sign (P=.017).
authors.affiliation: Keller Army Hospital, West Point, New York 10996, USA. b.owens@us.army.mil
authors.forename: Brett D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: Michele L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Duffey
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Deberardino
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Cameron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology