title: Synthesis, characterization and comparative evaluation of phenoxy ring containing long chain gemini imidazolium and pyridinium amphiphiles.
abstract: Two series of phenoxy ring containing long chain imidazolium and pyridinium based gemini amphiphiles have been synthesized from renewable cardanol oil having different spacers (i. e. -S-(CH(2))(n)-S-, where n is 2, 3, 4 & 6). Critical micelle concentration (cmc) of these new gemini amphiphiles has been determined by conductivity method. Further, these new cationic amphiphiles have been evaluated for their DNA binding capability by agarose gel electrophoresis, ethidium bromide exclusion experiments and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cytotoxicity of these new amphiphiles have been evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Comparative studies of these phenoxy ring containing long chain gemini imidazolium amphiphiles and their pyridinium analogues depicted low cmc values of the later but greater DNA interaction capability and low cytotoxicity of the former series of amphiphiles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry-UGC Sponsored-Centre of Advance Studies-I, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhadani
authors.forename: Hardeep
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kataria
authors.forename: Sukhprit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008823:Micelles; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010636:Phenols / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D008823:Micelles; D010636:Phenols; D011725:Pyridines; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C042329:phenoxy radical; D004247:DNA