title: Phellinus baumii ethyl acetate extract inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS, COX-2, and proinflammatory cytokine expression in RAW264.7 cells.
abstract: Mushrooms are valuable sources of biologically active compounds possessing anticancer, antiplatelet, and anti-inflammatory properties. Phellinus baumii is a mushroom used in folk medicine for a variety of human diseases. However, its potential anti-inflammatory effect has remained unclear. Therefore, we studied the effect of P. baumii ethyl acetate extract (PBEAE) on inflammatory mediator and proinflammatory cytokine protein and/or mRNA expression levels using the nitric oxide (NO) assay, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), western blot, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage like RAW264.7 cells. PBEAE markedly inhibited NO generation and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) synthesis in a concentration-dependent pattern without any cytotoxic effect at the concentration range used. PBEAE also suppressed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression. In addition, LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression levels were dose-dependently inhibited by PBEAE pretreatment. Furthermore, PBEAE attenuated the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, specifically interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), in a concentration-dependent fashion. Our study suggests that P. baumii might exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by downregulating proinflammatory mediators. Thus, further study on compounds isolated from PBEAE is warranted to investigate the associated molecular mechanisms and identify the potential therapeutic targets.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Taddesse
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yayeh
authors.forename: Won Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Seung-Choon
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Tae-Hwan
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Youl
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hwa-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: In-Kyoung
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang-Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung-Bok
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Bong-Sik
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Man Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012997:Solvents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C007650:ethyl acetate; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone