title: Determinants of vitamin D status: focus on genetic variations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of vitamin D beyond its importance for bone health is under much debate. In this article, we review recent evidence for genetic influences on 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and discuss the uses of this information and its importance for public health.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings from large-scale genome-wide association meta-analyses on 25(OH)D confirmed the associations for loci nearby genes encoding vitamin D binding protein (GC, group component), 7-dehydrochlesterol reductase (DHCR7), 25-hydroxylase (CYP2R1) and 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1), all influencing key sites for vitamin D metabolism. Findings from candidate gene studies have been inconsistent, with some implicating an association with 25(OH)D for loci near the gene encoding the hormonal vitamin D activation enzyme (CYP27B1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The amount of variation in 25(OH)D explained by genetic determinants is small compared with environmental exposures. Information on genetic variants affecting 25(OH)D can be used as tools for Mendelian randomization analyses on vitamin D, and they provide some potential for the use as drug targets.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Medical Research Council Centre for the Epidemiology of Child Health, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hyppönen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000235:genetics; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D014644:Genetic Variation; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013472:Sunlight; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D014809:Vitamin D-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
chemical_list: D014809:Vitamin D-Binding Protein; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; C506833:CYP2R1 protein, human; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase; C585549:CYP24A1 protein, human; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; C019995:7-dehydrocholesterol reductase