title: Anti-inflammatory effects of glyceollins derived from soybean by elicitation with Aspergillus sojae.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given the preventive effect of soy intake against several chronic diseases, this study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory activity against inflammatory response of phytoalexins glyceollins derived from soybean isoflavones by treatment with a biotic elicitor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using RAW264.7 cells, we examined the effects of glyceollins on production of nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2, and activation of NF-кB, induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data showed that glyceollins effectively inhibited NO production, IL-6 release, and expression of iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPS. In particular, glyceollins suppressed the LPS-induced phosphorylation of NF-кB p65, suggesting that the compounds inhibit the production of NO and transcriptional activation of COX-2 by regulating NF-кB activity. In another experiment we found that glyceollins enhanced the expression of heme oxygenase 1 in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Glyceollins also reduced TPA-induced skin inflammation in a mouse model, confirming the anti-inflammatory activity of glyceollins in an in-vivo system as well as in a cell culture system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glyceollins exert an anti-inflammatory effect, which is mediated through the inhibition of NF-κB activation in LPS-activated murine RAW264.7 cells. Glyceollins merit further study as potential therapeutic agents for inflammatory disorders.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Bioscience and Food Science and Biotechology and BK21 Research Team for Developing Functional Health Food Materials, Kyungpook National University, Deagu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Jong-Sang
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002908:Chronic Disease; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007249:Inflammation; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D036343:Pterocarpans / Q000737:chemistry*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D036343:Pterocarpans; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C017343:glyceollin; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2