title: Poly-ethers from Winogradskyella poriferorum: Antifouling potential, time-course study of production and natural abundance.
abstract: A sponge-associated bacterium, Winogradskyella poriferorum strain UST030701-295T was cultured up to 100l for extraction of antifouling bioactive compounds. Five poly-ethers were isolated and partially characterized based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS); two of them showed inhibitory effects on biofilm formation of marine bacteria and larval settlement of macro-foulers but did not produce any adverse effects on the phenotypes of zebra fish embryos at a concentration of 5μg ml(-1). The effect of culture duration on the production of the poly-ethers and the bioactivity of the relevant extracts was monitored over a period of 12 days. The total crude poly-ether production increased from day 2 to day 5 and the highest bioactivity was observed on day 3. The poly-ethers were found to be localized in the cellular fraction of the extracts, implying their natural occurrence. The potent bioactivity of these poly-ethers together with their high natural abundance in bacteria makes them promising candidates as ingredients in antifouling applications.
authors.affiliation: KAUST Global Collaborative Research, Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, HKSAR, China.
authors.forename: Swagatika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dash
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nogata
authors.forename: Xiaojian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yifan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xianrong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xixiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Pei-Yuan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control*; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D004987:Ethers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D041965:Flavobacteriaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D041902:Rhodobacteraceae / Q000187:drug effects; D001468:Thoracica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D014733:Vibrio / Q000187:drug effects; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D004987:Ethers