title: Inhibition effect of Gynura procumbens extract on UV-B-induced matrix-metalloproteinase expression in human dermal fibroblasts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gynura procumbens Merr. (Asteraceae) has been used as a traditional remedy for various skin diseases in certain areas of Southeast Asia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In order to evaluate the protective activity of Gynura procumbens extract on skin photoaging and elucidate its mode of action.
  
  
  METHODS
  Matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and -9 expressions were induced by UV-B irradiation in human primary dermal fibroblasts. MMP-1 expression level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. Zymography was employed for evaluating the enzymatic activity of MMP-9. Anti-inflammatory activity and anti-oxidative capacity of the extract were evaluated by ELISA and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ethanolic extract of Gynura procumbens inhibited MMP-1 expression up to 70% compare to negative control group. The enzymatic activity of MMP-9 was inhibited around 73% by the treatment of 20μg/mL of the extract. The extract markedly reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Gynura procumbens extract showed an inhibitory effect on releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8) in human HaCat keratinocyte.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ethanolic extract of Gynura procumbens inhibited MMP-1 and MMP-9 expressions induced by UV-B irradiation via inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine mediator release and ROS production.
authors.affiliation: Amore-Pacific Co. R&D Center, 314-1, Bora-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-Do 446-729, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Junoh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chan-Woo
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nok-Hyun
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Han-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Han-Kon
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kookheon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Char
authors.forename: Young Pyo
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Jin-Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020405:Dermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000528:radiation effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1