title: A process evaluation of START NOW Skills Training for inmates with impulsive and aggressive behaviors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a formative evaluation of a treatment program designed for inmates with impulsive and aggressive behavior disorders in high-security facilities in Connecticut correctional facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pencil-and-paper surveys and in-person inmate interviews were used to answer four evaluation questions. Descriptive statistics and content analyses were used to assess context, input, process, and products.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A convenience sample of 26 adult male (18) and female (8) inmates participated in the study. Inmates were satisfied with the program (4-point scale, M = 3.38, SD = 0.75). Inmate hospital stays were reduced by 13.6%, and psychotropic medication use increased slightly (0.40%). Improved outcomes were noted for those inmates who attended more sessions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the formative evaluation were useful for moving the START NOW Skills Training treatment to the implementation phase. Recommendations for implementation modifications included development of an implementation team, reinforcement of training, and attention applied to uniform collection of outcome data to demonstrate its evidence base.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing/Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-2026, USA. Deborah.Shelton@uconn.edu
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shelton
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wakai
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003134:Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders; D003237:Connecticut; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007600:Judgment; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D011329:Prisoners / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology*; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012938:Social Perception; D012951:Socialization; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs