title: The impact of self-efficacy and implementation intentions-based interventions on fruit and vegetable intake among adults.
abstract: This study tested the effect of interventions designed for people who do not eat yet the recommended daily fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) but have a positive intention to do so. Adults (N = 163) aged 20-65 were randomised into four groups: implementation intentions (II group), self-efficacy (SE group), combination of II + SE group) and a control group receiving written information on nutrition. Study variables were measured at baseline, post-intervention and at 3-month follow-up. At follow-up, compared to the control group, FVI increased significantly in the II and II + SE groups (1.5 and 1.9 servings per day, respectively). Most psychosocial variables significantly increased compared to the control group, with the exception of SE for vegetable intake (VI). Moreover, at 3-month follow-up, change in FVI was mediated by changes in fruit intake (FI) intention and VI action planning. In conclusion, II interventions were efficient to increase FVI, with or without consideration for the development of SE. Thus, future studies should favour the adoption of this approach to bridge the intention-behaviour gap for FVI.
authors.affiliation: Research Group on Behaviour and Health, Laval University, Quebec City, G1V 0A4, Canada. laurence.guillaumie.1@ulaval.ca
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guillaumie
authors.forename: Gaston
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Godin
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Manderscheid
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Spitz
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010297:Paris; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables; D055815:Young Adult