title: Characterization of herpes simplex virus clinical isolate Y3369 as a glycoprotein G variant and its bearing on virus typing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Herpes simplex viruses exist as two major serotypes, type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2). Determination of type, either HSV-1 or HSV-2, is important in accurate diagnosis and clinical control of transmission. Several tests are available for typing HSV, including a monoclonal antibody specific for glycoprotein G and several PCR assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A clinical isolate was identified as herpes simplex virus, but tested negative for both HSV-1 and HSV-2 antigens using type-specific monoclonal antibody assays. The isolate was determined to be HSV-1 by PCR analysis. A mutation which likely caused the monoclonal antibody non-reactivity was found in glycoprotein G. Phylogenetic analysis revealed two groups of HSV, one with the mutation and one without. Three population studies examining mutations in HSV-1 glycoprotein G were analyzed by chi-squared test. To this point, the epitope which the monoclonal antibody recognizes was only found in HSV-1 isolates from human European populations (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the PCR-based methods for HSV typing may be more useful than the standard monoclonal antibody test in areas of the world where the variant in glycoprotein G is more prevalent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Poole
authors.forename: Daniel V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Tyler J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hedman
authors.forename: Danny S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Catts
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: F Brent
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014773:Virology / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C050591:glycoprotein gG-1, herpes simplex virus type 1