title: Antimicrobial sesquiterpenoids from Laurus nobilis L.
abstract: Activity-guided fractionations of leaf extracts from Laurus nobilis L. led to the isolation of a known sesquiterpene lactone, deacetyl laurenobiolide (1). Compound 1 showed antimicrobial activity against periopathic pathogens (Actinomyces viscosus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), opportunistic Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and fungi (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus). Furthermore, acetylation and cyclisation of deacetyl laurenobiolide (1) yielded laurenobiolide (2) and a new compound, (5S,6R,7S,8S,10R)-6,8-dihydroxyeudesma-4(15),11(13)-dien-12-oic acid 12,8-lactone (3), respectively. Compounds 2 and 3 also showed antimicrobial activities. All compounds 1-3 demonstrated growth inhibitory effects with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 31 to 1000 µg mL(-1). This is the first report of compounds 1-3 showing antimicrobial activities.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Station for Medicinal Plant Studies, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ino
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Noritada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamamoto
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sekimizu
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Orihara
mesh_terms: D016924:Actinomyces viscosus / Q000187:drug effects; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000187:drug effects; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects; D027442:Laurus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000187:drug effects; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes