title: Functional neuroimaging of the baboon during concurrent image-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation.
abstract: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has well-established applications in basic neuroscience and promising applications in neurological and psychiatric disorders. However the underlying mechanisms of TMS-induced alterations in brain function are not well understood. As a result, treatment design parameters are determined ad hoc and not informed by any coherent theory or model. Once the mechanisms underlying TMS's modulatory effects on brain systems are better understood and modeled, TMS's potential as a therapeutic and/or investigative tool will be more readily explored and exploited. An animal model is better suited to study different TMS variables, therefore we developed a baboon model to facilitate testing of some of the current theoretical models of TMS interactions with brain regions. We have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach by successfully imaging cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes with H(2)(15)O positron emission tomography imaging during high-frequency, suprathreshold repetitive TMS in the primary motor cortex of five healthy, adult baboons.
authors.affiliation: Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. salinasf@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Felipe S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Salinas
authors.forename: C Ákos
authors.initials: CÁ
authors.lastname: Szabó
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M Michelle
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Leland
authors.forename: Hsiao-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wey
authors.forename: Timothy Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.forename: Peter T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narayana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010215:Papio; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation