title: Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil inhibits in vivo and in vitro leukocyte migration.
abstract: Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), popularly known as rosemary, is used for food flavoring and in folk medicine as an antispasmodic, analgesic, antirheumatic, diuretic, and antiepileptic agent. Few studies have shown the anti-inflammatory effects of rosemary essential oil (REO). This study evaluated the effects of REO on leukocyte migration through in vivo leukocyte migration and in vitro chemotaxis assay. REO was analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectometry, and the main components identified were camphor (27.59%), 1,8-cineole (15.74%), α-pinene (16.58%), and β-myrcene (10.02%). In rats, administration of REO reduced the number of leukocytes that rolled, adhered, and migrated to the scrotal chamber after carrageenan injection. All doses of REO tested significantly inhibited leukocyte chemotaxis induced by casein. The effects of REO on leukocyte migration highlight an important mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of rosemary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gessilda Alcantara
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Nogueira de Melo
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grespan
authors.forename: Jefferson Pitelli
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Thiago Oliveira
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Farinha
authors.forename: Expedito Leite
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Adriano Lopes
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Ciomar A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bersani-Amado
authors.forename: Roberto Kenji Nakamura
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Cuman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity; D054441:Cell Migration Assays, Leukocyte; D002464:Cell Migration Inhibition; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007957:Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry; D012611:Scrotum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; C053775:rosemary oil; D002351:Carrageenan