title: Importance of worldwide asymptomatic carriers of Leishmania infantum (L. chagasi) in human.
abstract: Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum (syn. L. chagasi) infection is a zoonotic disease present mainly in Mediterranean basin, central Asia and Brazil. Besides a limited number of human cases of clinical visceral leishmaniasis, a great number of infections remains asymptomatic. In this review, the prevalence of asymptomatic carriers of L. infantum was evaluated worldwide using parasitological methods or indirect testing such as a skin test or serology. The consequences of the presence of asymptomatic carriers on parasite transmission by blood donation or the development of clinical visceral leishmaniasis in immunocompromised individuals and its possible role as reservoir are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France. gmichel@unice.fr
authors.forename: Grégory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pomares
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferrua
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marty
mesh_terms: D001209:Asia, Central / Q000453:epidemiology; D058345:Asymptomatic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D006801:Humans; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D019083:Mediterranean Region / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence