title: Direct separation and detection of biogenic amines by ion-pair liquid chromatography with chemiluminescent nitrogen detector.
abstract: Analysis of biogenic amines is critical to pharmaceutical and food industry due to their biological importance. For many years, the determination of biogenic amines has relied on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupling with pre-, on-, or post-column derivatization procedures to enable UV or fluorescent detections. In this study, 14 biogenic amines were separated on a Phenomenex Luna Phenyl-Hexyl column by an ion-pair liquid chromatography method using perfluorocarboxylic acids as ion-pair reagents and detected by a chemiluminescent nitrogen detector (CLND). This direct separation and detection HPLC method eliminated the time consuming and cumbersome derivatization procedures. Compared with HPLC-UV (post-column derivatization with ninhydrin) and HPLC-charged aerosol detector (CAD) methods, this HPLC-CLND technique provided narrower peaks, better baselines, and improved separations and detections. Excellent linearity was acquired by CLND for each of the 14 biogenic amines ranging from less than 1 ng to about 1000 ng (on-column weights). The relative response factors determined by this LC-CLND method were proportional to the numbers of nitrogen atoms in each compound, which has been the characteristic of the equimolar determinations by CLND. In addition, a number of samples including beer, dairy beverage, herb tea, and vinegar were analyzed by the LC-CLND method with satisfactory precision and accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Amgen, Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA. sun@amgen.com
authors.forename: Jingshun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hong-Xun
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Semin
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheetham
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry; D016014:Linear Models; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D009584:Nitrogen; D019342:Acetic Acid