title: Cardiovagal autonomic function in HIV-infected patients with unsuppressed HIV viremia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  HIV infection has been implicated in dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study examining the relationship between the presence of persistent detectable HIV viral load with autonomic function, measured by heart rate variability (HRV). Non-virologic suppression (NVS) was defined as having a detectable viral load for at least 3 months prior to autonomic function testing. HRV was measured during the following 4 maneuvers: resting and paced respirations and sustained handgrip and tilt. Inferences on parasympathetic and sympathetic modulations were determined by analyzing time and frequency domains of HRV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  57 participants were enrolled in 3 groups: 22 were HIV-infected participants with HIV virologic suppression (VS; undetectable HIV viral load), 9 were HIV-infected participants who had NVS, and 26 were HIV seronegative controls. There were lower time domain parameters in the HIV-infected group as a whole compared to controls. There were no significant differences in time domain parameters among HIV-infected participants. There were no differences in frequency domain parameters during any of the maneuvers between controls and all HIV-infected participants, nor between the NVS and VS groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were differences in autonomic function between HIV-infected individuals and HIV seronegative controls, but not between the NVS and VS groups.
authors.affiliation: Hawaii Center for AIDS, Department of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96816, USA. dominic@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Dominic C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grandinetti
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerschenson
authors.forename: Narin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sriratanaviriyakul
authors.forename: Beau
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shikuma
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Low
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014766:Viremia / Q000503:physiopathology*