title: Vitamin D metabolism within bone cells: effects on bone structure and strength.
abstract: The endocrine activity of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) contributes to maintaining plasma calcium and phosphate homeostasis through actions on the intestine, kidney and bone. A significant body of evidence has been published over the last 10 years indicating that all major bone cells have the capacity to metabolise 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D(3)) to 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), which in turn exerts autocrine/paracrine actions to regulate bone cell proliferation and maturation as well as bone mineralisation and resorption. In vivo and in vitro studies indicate that these autocrine/paracrine activities of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) in bone tissue contribute to maintaining bone mineral homeostasis and enhancing skeletal health.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Bone Research Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Gerald J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kogawa
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Findlay
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D