title: Cannabidiol reduces brain damage and improves functional recovery after acute hypoxia-ischemia in newborn pigs.
abstract: Newborn piglets exposed to acute hypoxia-ischemia (HI) received i.v. cannabidiol (HI + CBD) or vehicle (HI + VEH). In HI + VEH, 72 h post-HI brain activity as assessed by amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) had only recovered to 42 ± 9% of baseline, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) parameters remained lower than normal, and neurobehavioral performance was abnormal (27.8 ± 2.3 points, normal 36). In the brain, there were fewer normal and more pyknotic neurons, while astrocytes were less numerous and swollen. Cerebrospinal fluid concentration of neuronal-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β protein and brain tissue percentage of TNFα(+) cells were all higher. In contrast, in HI + CBD, aEEG had recovered to 86 ± 5%, NIRS parameters increased, and the neurobehavioral score normalized (34.3 ± 1.4 points). HI induced histological changes, and NSE and S100β concentration and TNFα(+) cell increases were suppressed by CBD. In conclusion, post-HI administration of CBD protects neurons and astrocytes, leading to histological, functional, biochemical, and neurobehavioral improvements.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit on Experimental Perinatal Physiopathology, Gurutzetako Ospitalea, Barakaldo, 48080-Bizkaia, Spain.
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lafuente
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: M Ruth
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pazos
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: M Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rey-Santano
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mielgo
authors.forename: Xabier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Murgia-Esteve
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hilario
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martinez-Orgado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D002185:Cannabidiol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D002185:Cannabidiol