title: Practitioner attributes as predictors of restrictive practices in assertive community treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Practitioners variably use restrictive practices with assertive community treatment (ACT) consumers. Little is known about practitioner attributes, such as pessimistic attitudes and lack of advanced education, which may predict greater use of restrictive practices.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the frequency of restrictive practices in ACT and examine the relationship between practitioner attributes, particularly pessimistic attitudes and education, and the frequency with which restrictive practices are reportedly used in daily treatment of adults with severe mental illness.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 122 ACT practitioners in one state.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More restrictive practices were rarely reported by practitioners. Pessimistic attitudes and lack of graduate-level training were associated with self-reported higher use of restrictive practices, even when controlling for select consumer caseload variables and ACT program fidelity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates the need to identify practitioner-related factors that may contribute to the high use of restrictive practices, and develop and implement relevant staff training.
authors.affiliation: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. lorna.moser@duke.edu
authors.forename: Lorna L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Bond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000379:methods*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004501:Education, Medical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010820:Physicians