title: The biological deep sea hydrothermal vent as a model to study carbon dioxide capturing enzymes.
abstract: Deep sea hydrothermal vents are located along the mid-ocean ridge system, near volcanically active areas, where tectonic plates are moving away from each other. Sea water penetrates the fissures of the volcanic bed and is heated by magma. This heated sea water rises to the surface dissolving large amounts of minerals which provide a source of energy and nutrients to chemoautotrophic organisms. Although this environment is characterized by extreme conditions (high temperature, high pressure, chemical toxicity, acidic pH and absence of photosynthesis) a diversity of microorganisms and many animal species are specially adapted to this hostile environment. These organisms have developed a very efficient metabolism for the assimilation of inorganic CO₂ from the external environment. In order to develop technology for the capture of carbon dioxide to reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, enzymes involved in CO₂ fixation and assimilation might be very useful. This review describes some current research concerning CO₂ fixation and assimilation in the deep sea environment and possible biotechnological application of enzymes for carbon dioxide capture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada.
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Minic
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Laboratory, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya 793103, India.
authors.forename: Premila D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Thongbam
mesh_terms: D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism; D001709:Biotechnology; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle; D017753:Ecosystem; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000378:metabolism; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D018707:Volcanic Eruptions; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C111420:4-hydroxybutyric acid; D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A; D002244:Carbon; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases