title: Temperature effect on electrospinning of nanobelts: the case of hafnium oxide.
abstract: Electrospinning is a convenient and versatile method for fabricating different kinds of one-dimensional nanostructures such as nanofibres, nanotubes and nanobelts. Environmental parameters have a great influence on the electrospinning nanostructure. Here we report a new method to fabricate hafnium oxide (HfO(2)) nanobelts. HfO(2) nanobelts were prepared by electrospinning a sol-gel solution with the implementation of heating and subsequent calcination treatment. We investigate the temperature dependence of the products by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. The heating temperature of spinning ambient is found to be crucial to the formation of HfO(2) nanobelts. By tuning the temperature, the morphological transformation of HfO(2) from nanowires to nanobelts was achieved. It was found that the rapid evaporation of solvent played an important role in the formation process of HfO(2) nanobelts. It is shown that nanobelts can only be obtained with the temperature higher than 50 °C and they are in the high quality monoclinic phase. A possible growth mechanism of the nanobelts based on phase separation is proposed. The enhanced photoluminescence (PL) of HfO(2):Eu(3+) nanobelts is also illustrated.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yurong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Bingan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yizhu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Ziwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Haiting
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huigao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Erqing
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Xie