title: Robotic-assisted laparoscopic repair of symptomatic cesarean scar defect: a report of two cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Symptomatic cesarean scar defect is one of the commonly reported long-term complications of cesarean section.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present two cases of symptomatic cesarean scar defect treated conservatively by robotic-assisted laparoscopy at our institution. Both patients presented with hematocele, pelvic discomfort and secondary infertility. Transvaginal ultrasound revealed hematocele measuring 3.7 x 1.9 x 3.8 cm and 3.0 x 2.0 x 1.6 cm in the lower uterine segments, respectively. After surgery normal menses resumed in both patients, and their childbearing potential was preserved. The patients conceived 3 and 11 months after surgery, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recognition of cesarean scar defect is important in the explanation of certain menstrual disorders since surgical intervention can result in improvement of symptoms and prevent the related secondary obstetric and gynecologic complications. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic approach is a good minimally invasive alternative for the repair of cesarean scar defect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Tamer M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Yalcinkaya
authors.forename: Munire Erman
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Akar
authors.forename: Leslie D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kammire
authors.forename: Erica B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Johnston-MacAnanny
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Mertz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D011247:Pregnancy; D012371:Robotics; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000601:surgery*; D014599:Uterus / Q000601:surgery