title: Intake of whole-grain products and risk of prostate cancer among men in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High intake of whole-grain products may protect against prostate cancer, but overall evidence is limited and inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the intake of whole-grain products and risk of prostate cancer in a large prospective cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 26,691 men aged 50-64 years participated in the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort study and provided information about diet and potential prostate cancer risk factors. During a median follow-up of 12.4 years, we identified 1,081 prostate cancer cases. Associations between whole-grain product intake and prostate cancer incidence were analyzed using Cox's regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, there was no association between total intake of whole-grain products and prostate cancer risk (adjusted incidence rate ratio per 50 g day(-1): 1.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.96, 1.05)) as well as between intake of the specific whole-grain products: whole-grain rye bread, whole-grain bread, and oatmeal, and risk of prostate cancer. No risk estimates did differ according to either stage or grade of disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this prospective study suggest that higher intakes of total or specific whole-grain products are not associated with risk of prostate cancer in a population of Danish middle-aged men.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, The Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. egeberg@cancer.dk
authors.forename: Rikke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Egeberg
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Nina Føns
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Johnsen
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loft
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Overvad
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjønneland
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002523:Edible Grain; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires