title: CD39+ regulatory T cells suppress generation and differentiation of Th17 cells in human malignant pleural effusion via a LAP-dependent mechanism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both regulatory T cells (Tregs) and T helper IL-17-producing cells (Th17 cells) have been found to be involved in human malignancies, however, the possible implication of Tregs in regulating generation and differentiation of Th17 cells in malignant pleural effusion remains to be elucidated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The numbers of both CD39(+)Tregs and Th17 cells in malignant pleural effusion and peripheral blood from patients with lung cancer were determined by flow cytometry. The regulation and mechanism of Tregs on generation and differentiation of Th17 cells were explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both CD39(+)Tregs and Th17 cells were increased in malignant pleural effusion when compared with blood, and the numbers of CD39(+)Tregs were correlated negatively with those of Th17 cells. It was also noted that high levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TGF-β1 could be observed in malignant pleural effusion when compared the corresponding serum, and that pleural CD39(+)Tregs could express latency-associated peptide on their surface. When naïve CD4(+) T cells were cocultured with CD39(+)Tregs, Th17 cell numbers decreased as CD39(+)Treg numbers increased, addition of the anti-latency-associated peptide mAb to the coculture reverted the inhibitory effect exerted by CD39(+)Tregs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, the above results indicate that CD39(+)Tregs inhibit generation and differentiation of Th17 cells via a latency-associated peptide-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Health Ministry, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Huazhong, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Jian
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jian-Chu
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shou-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Jian-Bao
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Huan-Zhong
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D001081:Apyrase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000276:immunology*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010455:Peptides; D011498:Protein Precursors; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C472416:latency-associated propeptide, TGF-beta; D001081:Apyrase; C067869:CD39 antigen