title: Body fat composition and occurrence of kidney stones in hypercalciuric children.
abstract: In the last 10 years, the incidence of kidney stones has increased in the pediatric population, and this rise has been paralleled by a significant increase in pediatric obesity rates in the USA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate percentage body fat (%BF) measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in hypercalciuric children with and without kidney stones. A retrospective chart review was performed on children with idiopathic hypercalciuria based on a 24-h urine calcium excretion of >4 mg/kg/day or >200 mg/day who had undergone DXA scanning. Patients were then classified by sex and by %BF (3 categories; normal: <27% girls, <21% boys; at risk for obesity: 27-36% girls, 21-30% boys; obese: >36% girls, >30% boys). The 2003-2004 NHANES data were used as a control. Fifty patients (24 males) were analyzed, of whom 26% were assessed as having a normal %BF, 44% as being at risk for obesity, and 30% as being obese. Children with an increased %BF had a significantly higher occurrence of kidney stones (p = 0.03) than those with a normal %BF. No significant differences were noted in 24-h urine chemistries between the groups. In conclusion, an increased %BF was associated with an increased occurrence of kidney stones in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Nephrology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA. Rose.Ayoob@nationwidechildrens.org
authors.forename: Rose
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ayoob
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwaderer
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000293:Adolescent; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053565:Hypercalciuria / Q000150:complications*; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors