title: Testosterone deficiency.
abstract: Testosterone deficiency (TD) afflicts approximately 30% of men aged 40-79 years, with an increase in prevalence strongly associated with aging and common medical conditions including obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. A strong relationship is noted between TD and metabolic syndrome, although the relationship is not certain to be causal. Repletion of testosterone (T) in T-deficient men with these comorbidities may indeed reverse or delay their progression. While T repletion has been largely thought of in a sexual realm, we discuss its potential role in general men's health concerns: metabolic, body composition, and all-cause mortality through the use of a single clinical vignette. This review examines a host of studies, with practical recommendations for diagnosis of TD and T repletion in middle-aged and older men, including an analysis of treatment modalities and areas of concerns and uncertainty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Division of Urology, Boston University School of Medicine, Mass., USA.
authors.forename: Abdulmaged M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Traish
authors.forename: Martin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Miner
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morgentaler
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zitzmann
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007989:Libido; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced; D012307:Risk Factors; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone