title: Economic benefits of improved insulin stability in insulin pumps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Insulin pump users discard unused medication and infusion sets according to labeling and manufacturer's instructions. The stability labeling for insulin aspart (rDNA origin] (Novolog) was increased from two days to six. The associated savings was modeled from the perspective of a hypothetical one-million member health plan and the total United States population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The discarded insulin volume and the number of infusion sets used under a two-day stability scenario versus six were modeled.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mix of insulin pumps of various reservoir capacities with a range of daily insulin dosages was used. Average daily insulin dose was 65 units ranging from 10 to 150 units. Costs of discarded insulin aspart [rDNA origin] were calculated using WAC (Average Wholesale Price minus 16.67%). The cost of pump supplies was computed for the two-day scenario assuming a complete infusion set change, including reservoirs, every two days. Under the six-day scenario complete infusion sets were discarded every six days while cannulas at the insertion site were changed midway between complete changes. AWP of least expensive supplies was used to compute their costs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the hypothetical health plan (1,182 pump users) the annual reduction in discarded insulin volume between scenarios was 19.8 million units. The corresponding cost reduction for the plan due to drug and supply savings was $3.4 million. From the U.S. population perspective, savings of over $1 billion were estimated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using insulin that is stable for six days in pump reservoirs can yield substantial savings to health plans and other payers, including patients.
authors.affiliation: rich@managedsolutonsllc.com
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Amerongen
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bazalo
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aagren
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bouchard
mesh_terms: D017046:Cost Savings; D004355:Drug Stability; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems / Q000191:economics*; D018803:Models, Economic
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin