title: Protection of MP-12-vaccinated rhesus macaques against parenteral and aerosol challenge with virulent rift valley fever virus.
abstract: To test safety and efficacy of the Rift Valley fever MP-12 (RVF MP-12) vaccine, 9 healthy adult Rhesus macaques, weighing 5-10 kg, were inoculated intramuscularly with 6 × 10(3) plaque forming units (PFUs) of MP-12 vaccine. The monkeys developed neutralizing antibody responses with no adverse effects other than a transient, low-titer viremia in 3 monkeys. Four vaccinated animals challenged intravenously with 3 × 10(6) PFUs of virulent Rift Valley fever virus strain ZH-501 (RVFV ZH-501) at 126 days after vaccination were protected against infection. The remaining 5 vaccinated monkeys along with 2 monkeys that had been vaccinated 6 years prior were completely protected against a small particle aerosol challenge of 5 × 10(5) PFUs of RVFV ZH-501. The mutagen-attenuated RVF MP-12 vaccine was determined to be protective against intravenous and aerosol challenge with virulent RVFV in these macaques, which suggests further development as a vaccine for humans is warranted.
authors.affiliation: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland, USA. jcmorril@utmb.edu
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Morrill
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D012295:Rift Valley Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012296:Rift Valley fever virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines