title: Abnormal expression of growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15 in stimulated oocytes during maturation from women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression pattern of two oocyte-secreted factors-growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BM15)-during oocyte maturation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in controls and to evaluate the expression differences in oocytes between the two groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five oocytes were obtained from 12 patients with PCOS and 82 oocytes from 56 controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  The abundance of GDF9 and BMP15 mRNA in oocytes of the germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase I (MI), and MII stage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of GDF9 and BMP15 mRNA displayed dynamic changes during oocyte maturation in controls after ovarian stimulation, with a decline at the MI stage and an increase to the peak at the MII stage. However, their expression in oocytes from patients with PCOS demonstrated a reduced state without any dynamic change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the expression of GDF9 and BMP15 in oocytes from patients with PCOS cannot reach the normal level even after ovarian stimulation and that the expression pattern is abnormal during oocyte maturation, which may be associated with impaired oocyte quality and developmental competence in PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Min-Fang
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055430:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D055429:Growth Differentiation Factor 9 / Q000235:genetics*; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D009865:Oocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: C525901:BMP15 protein, human; D055430:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; C525897:GDF9 protein, human; D055429:Growth Differentiation Factor 9; D012333:RNA, Messenger