title: Increased frequencies of CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in human nasal inverted papilloma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of CD4(+) CD25(+) FOXP3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells both in peripheral blood and local tumors in patients with nasal inverted papilloma (NIP).
  
  
  METHODS
  By using flow cytometry, the frequencies of CD4(+) CD25(+) FOXP3(+) Treg cells in both peripheral blood and tissues from 18 patients with NIP and 8 control subjects were determined. CCL22 and CCL17 proteins in NIP tumors were analyzed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The suppressive capacity of Treg cells was estimated by WST-8 and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; interferon-gamma [IFN-γ] and interleukin-4 [IL-4]) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with NIP showed increased CD4(+) CD25(+) FOXP3(+) Treg cell frequencies in tumor tissues and CD4(+) T cell fraction rather than in peripheral blood. CCL22 increased in NIP tumors. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced proliferation and cytokine production of CD4(+) CD25(-) T cells were suppressed equally well by CD4(+) CD25(high) cells from both patients with NIP and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated the increased frequencies of CD4(+) CD25(+) FOXP3(+) Treg cells in NIP tumors, which might be influenced by CCL22.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Medical University, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Yili
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Chengshuo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Demin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Luo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D054414:Chemokine CCL17 / Q000032:analysis; D054422:Chemokine CCL22 / Q000032:analysis; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D054414:Chemokine CCL17; D054422:Chemokine CCL22; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins