title: Fluorescent liposomes for differential interactions with glycosaminoglycans.
abstract: We have successfully synthesized a lipid containing the pyranine dye as the hydrophilic headgroup. This lipid was incorporated into liposomes with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine as the major component. The resultant liposomes displayed differential modulations in fluorescence emission intensity in the presence of nanomolar concentrations of different glycosaminoglycans. Linear discriminant analysis of the fluorescence response data demonstrate that the liposomes are able to distinguish between different GAGs. In addition, we also demonstrate that the liposomes incorporating the pyranine lipid are able to distinguish between dilute serum from healthy individuals and serum containing elevated chondroitin sulfate (simulated serum from an Alzheimer's disease patient).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States.
authors.forename: Erin K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Nyren-Erickson
authors.forename: Manas K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Haldar
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Steven Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Friesner
authors.forename: Sanku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mallik
mesh_terms: D001190:Arylsulfonates / Q000737:chemistry; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001190:Arylsulfonates; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D008081:Liposomes; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; C005047:pyranine; C028694:1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine