title: Aromatic-turmerone inhibits α-MSH and IBMX-induced melanogenesis by inactivating CREB and MITF signaling pathways.
abstract: This study investigated the anti-melanogenic effect of aromatic (ar)-turmerone on alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and 3-isobuty-1-methxlzanthine (IBMX)-induced tyrosinase (Tyr), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2) expression in B16F10 melanoma cells. We demonstrated that ar-turmerone inhibits α-MSH and IBMX-induced melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity. Data also showed that ar-turmerone inhibits the expression of tyrosinase, TRP-1, and TRP-2 in α-MSH- and IBMX-stimulated B16F10 cells. In addition, ar-turmerone exhibits stronger anti-melanogenic effects than curcumin. Furthermore, ar-turmerone strongly inhibited α-MSH- and IBMX-induced microphthalmia-associated transcription factor by suppressing the activity of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-responsive element binding protein in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 cells. Our data revealed that ar-turmerone is a novel, effective, anti-melanogenic agent that functions by downregulating tyrosinase, Trp-1, and Trp-2 gene expression. Therefore, ar-turmerone may be a useful therapeutic agent for treating hyperpigmentation disorders, such as freckles and melasma, and as a beneficial additive in whitening cosmetics.
authors.affiliation: Bio-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mei Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Young Hun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Younghee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003358:Cosmetics; D030024:Curcuma; D003474:Curcumin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental; D051379:Mice; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000521:alpha-MSH / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D007370:Interferon Type I; D008543:Melanins; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; C020947:interferon tau; D000521:alpha-MSH; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C042501:dopachrome isomerase; D003474:Curcumin; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine