title: Surface substance loss of subsurface bovine enamel lesions after different steps of the resinous infiltration technique: a 3D topography analysis.
abstract: Surface substance loss of subsurface enamel lesions before (baseline/demineralization) and after each step of the infiltration technique was evaluated by means of a three-dimensional focus variation. Eighty enamel specimens were prepared and partially varnished (control). Non-varnished areas were demineralized (pH 4.95; 28 days), and etched with phosphoric acid gel (20%; 5 s). Specimens were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 10), and were infiltrated using four resinous materials. In subgroups 1, polymerization and finishing with abrasive polishing strips followed. In subgroups 2, excess material was removed before polymerization (E1/E2-Excite, Vivadent; F1/F2-Fortify, Bisco; G1/G2-Glaze & Bond, DMG; I1/I2-Icon, DMG). Topometrical evaluation revealed a negligible substance loss of demineralized enamel. After etching, mean (±SD) differences of height decreased uniformly (-6.6 ± 2.0 μm; p = 0.089; ANOVA). For infiltrated lesions, DH of subgroups 1 was comparable to the etched lesions, with a significant increase (compared to etched lesions) in subgroups 2 (1.1 ± 0.1 μm; p < 0.001; t test). Within the limitations of this study, it is concluded that etching of initial subsurface lesions will result in significant surface substance loss; removal of excess material before light-curing should simplify the infiltration procedure, and this will avoid any abrasion resulting from polishing procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University School of Dental Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Andrej M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kielbassa
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000379:methods; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000473:pathology*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C420130:Excite cement; C095811:Fortify sealant; D008689:Methacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011140:Polyurethanes; D019279:Resin Cements; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C578177:icon infiltrant; C029824:urethane dimethacrylate luting resin; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; C030242:phosphoric acid