title: Vitamin D metabolism and activity in the parathyroid gland.
abstract: Parathormone (PTH) and vitamin D are two critical hormonal regulators of calcium homeostasis. An important cross-talk exists between the PTH and vitamin D hormonal systems. PTH enhances vitamin D hydroxylation on carbon 1 in kidney cells thereby allowing the systemic release of 1-25-dihydroxy-vitamin D, which represents the fully active hormone. Conversely, parathyroid gland represents a direct target for vitamin D. Parathyroid cells express the vitamin D receptor and the 1-α-hydroxylase enzyme, which allows the local formation of 1-25-dihydroxy-vitamin D. Because of its potential implication in several diseases, including osteoporosis or chronic kidney disease, the interplay between PTH and vitamin D has received considerable attention these last two decades. The aim of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the molecular basis of vitamin D action and metabolism in parathyroid cells. The potential clinical implications of the recent advances made in this field will also be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Service de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 149 Rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bienaimé
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prié
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Friedlander
authors.forename: Jean Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Souberbielle
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D000090265:Klotho Proteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D014807:Vitamin D; D005966:Glucuronidase; D000090265:Klotho Proteins; D002118:Calcium