title: New therapeutic targets and drugs in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although enormous progress has been made in treating non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and some patients can be cured with combination immunochemotherapy, patients with relapsed and refractory lymphoma often succumb to their disease. Advances in our understanding of lymphoma biology and molecular pathogenesis are yielding new therapeutic targets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This article reviews NHL biology and describes how our understanding of molecular pathogenesis is leading to the discovery of many therapeutic targets, including the cell signaling and cell cycle regulatory proteins, pro-apoptotic family members, the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR), and histone deacetylase. Recent preclinical and clinical data with inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin, histone deacetylase, bcl-2, and the Bruton's tyrosine kinase, a pivotal enzyme in the BCR pathway, are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding these novel targets in the context of NHL biology will bring new therapies and allow us to develop new therapeutic platforms for the treatment of relapsed and refractory NHL, and will hopefully improve the clinical outcome for these patients.
authors.affiliation: NYU Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sawas
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diefenbach
authors.forename: Owen A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: O'Connor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors