title: Micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes of children with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: One of the crucial adverse effects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its treatment is an elevated cancer risk. There are no data on cytogenetic effects in children with CKD or children undergoing dialysis or those who have received a transplant. In this study, cytogenetic effects in children with CKD in pre-dialysis (PreD) stage, on regular haemodialysis (HD) and transplanted (Tx) compared with a control group of healthy children has been investigated using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) combined with CBMN (CBMN-FISH) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The results revealed a significant increase (P < 0.001) in micronucleus (MN) frequencies [mean ± SD (n)] in the PreD, HD and Tx groups versus the control group [CBMN assay; 9.19 ± 2.61 (16), 9.07 ± 4.86 (15), 6.12 ± 5.33 (17) versus 1.60 ± 0.99 (20), respectively]. Moreover, centromere negative micronucleus (C- MN) and centromere positive micronucleus (C+ MN) frequencies were significantly higher in each subgroup children (PreD, HD and Tx) than in the control group (P < 0.01) although children in Tx group had lower C- MN frequencies than PreD and lower C+ MN frequencies than PreD and HD groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, MN frequencies in mononuclear cells, nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds in binucleated cells were increased in children with CKD (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P > 0.05, respectively). The nuclear division index significantly decreased in Tx group relative to the control, PreD and HD groups (P < 0.001). Associations between cytogenetic parameters and creatinine or blood urea nitrogen were found (P < 0.05). To provide longer and better life expectancy of children with CKD and treatment modes, further research is needed to better understand and avoid these effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey. goncacd@gmail.com
authors.forename: Gonca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cakmak Demircigil
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aykanat
authors.forename: Kibriya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fidan
authors.forename: Kaan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulleroglu
authors.forename: Umut Selda
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Bayrakci
authors.forename: Aylin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sepici
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Buyukkaragoz
authors.forename: Hamdi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karakayali
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haberal
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baskin
authors.forename: Necla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buyan
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burgaz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003571:Cytochalasin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003571:Cytochalasin B