title: Mapping of lymphatic drainage from the prostate using filtered 99mTc-sulfur nanocolloid and SPECT/CT.
abstract: We have developed a practice procedure for prostate lymphoscintigraphy using SPECT/CT and filtered (99m)Tc-sulfur nanocolloid, as an alternative to the proprietary product (99m)Tc-Nanocoll, which is not approved in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients were enrolled for this study, and all received radiotracer prepared using a 100-nm membrane filter at a commercial radiopharmacy. Whole-body scans and SPECT/CT studies were performed within 1.5-3 h after the radiotracer had been administered directly into 6 locations of the prostate gland under transrectal ultrasound guidance. The radiation dose was estimated from the first 3 patients. Lymphatic drainage mapping was performed, and lymph nodes were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated radiation dose ranged from 3.9 to 5.2 mSv/MBq. The locations of lymph nodes draining the prostate gland were similar to those found using the proprietary product.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When the proprietary radiolabeled nanocolloid indicated for lymphoscintigraphy is not available, prostate lymph node mapping and identification are still feasible using filtered (99m)Tc-sulfur nanocolloid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California 94107-1739, USA. youngho.seo@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Youngho
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Carina Mari
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Aparici
authors.forename: Chien Peter
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kased
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schreck
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Costouros
authors.forename: Randall
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Katsuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Mack
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roach Iii
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005374:Filtration; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049329:Nanostructures; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid / Q000737:chemistry*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid