title: Acute exhaustive exercise regulates IL-2, IL-4 and MyoD in skeletal muscle but not adipose tissue in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of exhaustive exercise on proteins associated with muscle damage and regeneration, including IL-2, IL-4 and MyoD, in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles and mesenteric (MEAT) and retroperitoneal adipose tissues (RPAT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were killed by decapitation immediately (E0 group, n = 6), 2 (E2 group, n = 6) or 6 (E6 group, n = 6) hours after the exhaustion protocol, which consisted of running on a treadmill at approximately 70% of VO(2max) for fifty minutes and then at an elevated rate that increased at one m/min every minute, until exhaustion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The control group (C group, n = 6) was not subjected to exercise. IL-2 protein expression increased at E0 in the soleus and EDL; at E2, this cytokine returned to control levels in both tissues. In the soleus, IL-2 protein expression was lower than that in the control at E6. IL-4 protein levels increased in EDL at E6, but the opposite result was observed in the soleus. MyoD expression increased at E6 in EDL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exhaustive exercise was unable to modify IL-2 and IL-4 levels in MEAT and RPAT. The results show that exhaustive exercise has different effects depending on which muscle is analysed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. josecesar23@hotmail.com
authors.forename: José C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rosa Neto
authors.forename: Fábio S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lira
authors.forename: Nelo E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Zanchi
authors.forename: Lila M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Gustavo D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.forename: Ronaldo V T
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Marília
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seelaender
authors.forename: Cláudia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Oller do Nascimento
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D017570:MyoD Protein; C057363:MyoD1 myogenic differentiation protein; D015847:Interleukin-4