title: Enrichment of a microbial community performing anaerobic oxidation of methane in a continuous high-pressure bioreactor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulphate reduction (SR-AOM) prevents more than 90% of the oceanic methane emission to the atmosphere. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the high methane pressure (1, 4.5, and 8 MPa) stimulated in vitro SR-AOM activity. However, the information on the effect of high-pressure on the microbial community structure and architecture was still lacking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study we analysed the long-term enrichment (286 days) of this microbial community, which was mediating SR-AOM in a continuous high-pressure bioreactor. 99.7% of the total biovolume represented cells in the form of small aggregates (diameter less then 15 μm). An increase of the total biovolume was observed (2.5 times). After 286 days, the ANME-2 (anaerobic methanotrophic archaea subgroup 2) and SRB (sulphate reducing bacteria) increased with a factor 12.5 and 8.4, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper reports a net biomass growth of communities involved in SR-AOM, incubated at high-pressure.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Science & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dongchuan Rd. 800, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Loïs
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maignien
authors.forename: Xianxian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Fengping
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boon
mesh_terms: D001105:Archaea / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019641:DNA, Archaeal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D019642:RNA, Archaeal / Q000235:genetics; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019641:DNA, Archaeal; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D019642:RNA, Archaeal; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013431:Sulfates; D008697:Methane