title: [Cutaneous manifestations of male breast cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The appearance of skin symptoms in male breast is the main reason for consultation in our context. The aim of this study is to describe the various cutaneous manifestations of male breast cancer through a series of cases collected in a dermatology department.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted in the dermatology department at the CHU Ibn Rochd January 1988 to December 2009. All cases of male breast cancer initially diagnosed in dermatology were included. The various epidemiological, clinical, histological and therapeutic data were collected from medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty cases were collected. The mean age was 61.25 years. Skin invasion by tumor was found in all patients, and it was the reason for consultation. It was a cutaneous involvement at the nipple and areola (17 cases) and at the periareolar skin (three cases). The clinical appearance of skin involvement was vegetative type in 12 cases, infiltrating with nipple retraction in five cases and nodule with skin change in three cases. The average period of consultation was 25 months. The axillary lymph nodes were noted in 11 patients and distant metastases in eight patients. The cutaneous metastases outside breast were noted in six patients. The histological types were: infiltrating ductal carcinoma in 15 cases (75%), papillary carcinoma in two cases (10%) and non-specific carcinoma in three cases (15%). The treatment was surgery in 14 patients and consisted of radical mastectomy with complete axillary nodal dissection according to Patey. Complementary therapies, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, were indicated in 14 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our single-center study with dermatological recruitment illustrates the frequency and variety of skin disease in male breast cancer and demonstrates that they are still the main reason for consultation in our context. Better information for public and practitioners would allow earlier diagnosis and a more favourable prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Centre hospitalier Ibn Rochd, service de dermatologie vénéréologie, Casablanca, Maroc. halifouzia@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Fouzia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hali
authors.forename: Khadija
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khadir
authors.forename: Wassima
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Idhammou
authors.forename: Fatima-Zahra
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Bensardi
authors.forename: Mohamed-Rachid
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lefriyekh
authors.forename: Abdelatif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benider
authors.forename: Soumia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zamiati
authors.forename: Hakima
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Benchikhi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D044584:Carcinoma, Ductal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015409:Mastectomy, Radical; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009558:Nipples / Q000473:pathology*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy