title: Thio-glucose bound gold nanoparticles enhance radio-cytotoxic targeting of ovarian cancer.
abstract: The treatment of ovarian cancer has traditionally been intractable, and required novel approaches to improve therapeutic efficiency. This paper reports that thio-glucose bound gold nanoparticles (Glu-GNPs) can be used as a sensitizer to enhance ovarian cancer radiotherapy. The human ovarian cancer cells, SK-OV-3, were treated by gold nanoparticles (GNPs) alone, irradiation alone, or GNPs in addition to irradiation. Cell uptake was assayed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), while cytotoxicity induced by radiotherapy was measured using both 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide and clonogenic assays. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined using CM-H2-DCFDA confocal microscopy and cell apoptosis was determined by an Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) kit with flow cytometry. The cells treated by Glu-GNPs resulted in an approximate 31% increase in nanoparticle uptake compared to naked GNPs (p < 0.005). Compared to the irradiation alone treatment, the intracellular uptake of Glu-GNPs resulted in increased inhibition of cell proliferation by 30.48% for 90 kVp and 26.88% for 6 MV irradiation. The interaction of x-ray radiation with GNPs induced elevated levels of ROS production, which is one of the mechanisms by which GNPs can enhance radiotherapy on ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: James Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Cunzhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Qifeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Beihua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005453:Fluorescence; D005947:Glucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D006046:Gold; D005947:Glucose