title: Antifungal activity of lariciresinol derived from Sambucus williamsii and their membrane-active mechanisms in Candida albicans.
abstract: Lariciresinol is an enterolignan precursor isolated from the herb Sambucus williamsii, a folk medicinal plant used for its therapeutic properties. In this study, the antifungal properties and mode of action of lariciresinol were investigated. Lariciresinol displays potent antifungal properties against several human pathogenic fungal strains without hemolytic effects on human erythrocytes. To understand the antifungal mechanism of action of lariciresinol, the membrane interactions of lariciresinol were examined. Fluorescence analysis using the membrane probe 3,3'-diethylthio-dicarbocyanine iodide (DiSC(3)-5) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), as well as a flow cytometric analysis with propidium iodide (PI), a membrane-impermeable dye, indicated that lariciresinol was associated with lipid bilayers and induced membrane permeabilization. Therefore, the present study suggests that lariciresinol possesses fungicidal activities by disrupting the fungal plasma membrane and therapeutic potential as a novel antifungal agent for the treatment of fungal infectious diseases in humans.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Bomi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jaeyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: In-sok
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hong-Guang
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Eun-Rhan
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Dong Gun
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000737:chemistry; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004161:Diphenylhexatriene / Q000737:chemistry; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D005663:Furans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006461:Hemolysis; D053878:Hemolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017705:Lignans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011419:Propidium / Q000737:chemistry; D027923:Sambucus / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005663:Furans; D053878:Hemolytic Agents; D017705:Lignans; D004161:Diphenylhexatriene; D011419:Propidium; C012944:3,3'-dipropyl-2,2'-thiadicarbocyanine; C060282:lariciresinol