title: Reducing the risk of overdiagnosis in lung cancer: a support from molecular biology.
abstract: Early detection and swift treatment, when achievable, may significantly affect prognosis in lung cancer patients. Therefore, individuals with a high risk for lung cancer are invited to participate into international screening programs, such as the International Early Lung Cancer Action Program (I-ELCAP). An undesirable consequence of such massive enterprises is the detection of pulmonary nodules also in subjects who are unlikely to ultimately die from lung cancer. Nevertheless, the individuals with pulmonary nodule undergo stringent diagnostic procedures to assess the nature of the lesion. This implies a noticeable (physical and emotional) stress for our patients and the likelihood of overdiagnosis and, potentially, consequent overtreatment. Molecular markers, more specifically, microRNAs, might significantly add value to the workup process aiming at the distinction between benign and malignant lesions and, among the malignant ones, those concretely threatening for the patients' survival. We are confident that such a multidisciplinary approach would better suit our patients' diagnostic and/or therapeutic, actual needs.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute Regina Elena, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maddalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barba
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Felsani
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giunta
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Malorni
authors.forename: Marco G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Paggi
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D008403:Mass Screening; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008967:Molecular Biology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D035683:MicroRNAs