title: Antioxidant and antinociceptive effects of Citrus limon essential oil in mice.
abstract: The antioxidant and antinociceptive activities of Citrus limon essential oil (EO) were assessed in mice or in vitro tests. EO possesses a strong antioxidant potential according to the scavenging assays. Moreover, it presented scavenger activity against all in vitro tests. Orally, EO (50, 100, and 150  mg/kg) significantly reduced the number of writhes, and, at highest doses, it reduced the number of paw licks. Whereas naloxone antagonized the antinociceptive action of EO (highest doses), this suggested, at least, the participation of the opioid system. Further studies currently in progress will enable us to understand the action mechanisms of EO.
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Neuroquímica Experimental, Núcleo de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lidianne Mayra Lopes
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Campêlo
authors.forename: Antonia Amanda C
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Rizângela L Mendes
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.forename: Gilberto Santos
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Cerqueira
authors.forename: Geane Felix
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.forename: Gláucio Barros
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Saldanha
authors.forename: Chistiane Mendes
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Feitosa
authors.forename: Rivelilson Mendes
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: de Freitas
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000700:Analgesics / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009270:Naloxone; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D027821:Rutaceae
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009270:Naloxone