title: Mediastinal involvement in lymphangiomatosis: a previously unreported MRI sign.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multifocal lymphangiomatosis is a rare systemic disorder affecting children. Due to its rarity and wide spectrum of clinical, histological and imaging features, establishing the diagnosis of multifocal lymphangiomatosis can be challenging.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to describe a new imaging sign in this disorder: paraspinal soft tissue and signal abnormality at MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the imaging, clinical and histopathological findings in a cohort of eight children with thoracic involvement from this condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evidence of paraspinal chest disease was identified at MRI and CT in all eight of these children. The changes comprise heterogeneous intermediate-to-high signal parallel to the thoracic vertebrae on T2-weighted sequences at MRI, with abnormal paraspinal soft tissue at CT and plain radiography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multifocal lymphangiomatosis is a rare disorder with a broad range of clinicopathological and imaging features. MRI allows complete evaluation of disease extent without the use of ionising radiation and has allowed us to describe a previously unreported imaging sign in this disorder, namely, heterogeneous hyperintense signal in abnormal paraspinal tissue on T2-weighted images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, WC1N 3JH, UK. vikasshah@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Sachit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barnacle
authors.forename: Neil J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Sebire
authors.forename: Penelope
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.forename: John I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: Kieran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McHugh
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008536:Meglumine; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; C072417:gadoterate meglumine