title: Synergistic anti-allodynic effects of nociceptin/orphanin FQ and cannabinoid systems in neuropathic mice.
abstract: Combinations of analgesics from different classes are commonly used in the management of chronic pain. The goal is to enhance pain relief together with the reduction of side effects. The present study was undertaken to examine the anti-allodynic synergy resulting from the combination of WIN 55,212-2, a cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist, and JTC-801, a nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor antagonist, on neuropathic pain. Mice were tested for behavioral effects before and 2-4 weeks after the surgery, in which a partial tight ligation of the sciatic nerve was made. Nerve injury-induced mechanical allodynia was assessed with Dynamic Plantar Aesthesiometer, and a hot/cold plate was used to assess cold allodynia. Both WIN 55,212-2 and JTC-801 produced dose-dependent mechanical and cold anti-allodynic effects. As shown by isobolographic analysis, WIN 55,212-2/JTC-801 combinations interacted synergistically at all three ratios studied in the mechanical allodynia assay. In conclusion, co-administration of a cannabinoid with a nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor antagonist resulted in a synergistic interaction, which may have utility in the pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030-Edirne, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gunduz
authors.forename: Hakan C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Karadag
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulugol
mesh_terms: D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D018847:Opioid Peptides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid / Q000187:drug effects*; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000187:drug effects; D012585:Sciatica / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D000094942:Nociceptin Receptor; D000097629:Nociceptin
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000700:Analgesics; D001549:Benzamides; D048588:Benzoxazines; D009025:Morpholines; D009281:Naphthalenes; D018847:Opioid Peptides; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D000094942:Nociceptin Receptor; D000097629:Nociceptin; C433236:N-(4-amino-2-methylquinolin-6-yl)-2-(4-ethylphenoxymethyl)benzamide; C070417:(3R)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone; C000722287:Oprl1 protein, mouse