title: Brain activity supporting working memory accuracy in patients with paranoid schizophrenia: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dysfunctional working memory (WM) has been recognized as one of the most consistent deficits in schizophrenia. Studies that investigated the neural correlates of WM-related pathology by comparing patients with schizophrenia and control participants have produced controversial results, reporting task-related hyper- or hypoactivity in frontoparietal networks.
  
  
  METHODS
  We addressed this question by comparing BOLD signals for accurate responses during a WM task for emotional faces between a homogeneous group of high-performing patients and a control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results confirm previous findings of left prefrontal hyperactivity contrasted with hypoactivity in right prefrontal cortex to support WM performance. We also extend previous work by reporting enhanced activity in higher visual areas of patients during encoding and maintenance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings and those of the literature can be integrated into a model, where preserved visual cognition in high-functioning patients with hypofrontality is explained by activation of contralateral homologue areas combined with enhanced recruitment of sensory areas.
authors.affiliation: Wolfson Centre for Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: Margaret C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: David E J
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thome
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen