title: Polymer-based photocoupling agent for the efficient immobilization of nanomaterials and small molecules.
abstract: A highly efficient photocoupling agent, based on perfluorophenylazide (PFPA)-conjugated polyallylamine (PAAm), was developed for the efficient immobilization of polymers, nanoparticles, graphene, and small molecules. The conjugate, PAAm-PFPA, was synthesized, and the percentage of the photoactive moiety, PFPA, can be controlled by the ratio of the two components in the synthesis. By treating epoxy-functionalized wafers with PAAm-PFPA, photoactive surfaces were generated. Compared with the PFPA surface, these polymer-based photocoupling matrix resulted in significantly enhanced immobilization efficiencies, especially for nanomaterials and small molecules. Thus, polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) and alkyl-functionalized silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were successfully immobilized on the PAAm-PFPA surface, resulting in a high material density. Graphene flakes patterned on the PAAm-PFPA surface showed improved feature resolution in addition to a higher material density compared to that of flakes immobilized on the PFPA surface. Furthermore, 2-O-α-D-mannopyranosyl-D-mannopyranose (Man2) immobilized on the PAAm-PFPA surface exhibited significantly enhanced signals when treated with lectin concanavalin A (Con A).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Mingdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D001386:Azides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010777:Photochemistry; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001386:Azides; D002241:Carbohydrates; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D011073:Polyamines; C556136:perfluorophenyl azide; C063994:polyallylamine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D006108:Graphite