title: Assessment of dietary intakes of Filipino-Americans: implications for food frequency questionnaire design.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to describe food consumption practices of Filipino-American adults, to describe how they respond to a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) as a function of acculturation and sex, and to suggest modifications to the FFQ to improve dietary assessment among Filipino-Americans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one Filipino-American women and 14 Filipino-American men (aged 30-60 years) who varied on acculturation level were recruited from the general community of San Diego, California. Participants completed a focus group and rated the Fred Hutchinson Food Frequency Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most commonly eaten food items among Filipino-Americans were white rice, fish or meat, vegetables, and fruit. Most (76%) participants reported that the Fred Hutchinson Food Frequency Questionnaire lacked commonly eaten Filipino-American food.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Commonly consumed food, such as adobo, lumpia, and pansit, might be added to a revised FFQ; doing so may improve recall and face validity among Filipino-Americans.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. mfjohnson@projects.sdsu.edu
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson-Kozlow
authors.forename: Georg E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Matt
authors.forename: Cheryl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Rock
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de la Rosa
authors.forename: Terry L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: Romina A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001213:Asian; D002140:California; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology*; D004034:Diet Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires