title: Myeloid CD11c+ S100+ dendritic cells express indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase at the inflammatory border to invasive lower lip squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: The prevalence of squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip (SCC-LL) is increasing worlwide. The expression of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) by antigen-presenting cells and/or tumor cells leads to tumor escape by inhibiting T cell-mediated rejection responses. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of IDO in SCC-LL. IDO-expression was analyzed in 47 SCC-LL, together with the expression of markers of T-cells (CD3), myeloid DCs (S100, CD11c), macrophages (CD68, CD11c), Langerhans cells (CD1a, Langerin (CD207)), plasmacytoid DCs (CD123), and regulatory T cells (Foxp3) by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis. Twelve specimens out of 47 LL-SCCs contained cells that expressed IDO. IDO-positivity was strongly associated with the intensity of the cancer-associated infiltrate (P=0.0007). IDO-positive cells are located right along the border between the developing tumor and the inflammatory infiltrate. Immunofluorescence stainings showed that CD11c+S100+CD68- dendritic cells (DCs) express IDO in SCC-LL. IDO expression in LL-SCC may aid immune escape and chronic inflammation to promote cancer progression. Inhibition of IDO might be a therapeutic strategy to increase the anti-tumor immune response in SCC-LL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Melanie Alice
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kuales
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.forename: Monika-Hildegard
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Schmid-Wendtner
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bieber
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: von Bubnoff
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D039521:CD11c Antigen; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D009418:S100 Proteins