title: The risk of child and adolescent overweight is related to types of food consumed.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between the risk of overweight and the consumption of food groups in children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 1764 healthy children and adolescents (age 6-19y) attending 16 Seventh-Day Adventist schools and 13 public schools using a 106-item non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire from the late 1980 Child-Adolescent Blood Pressure Study. Logistic regression models were used to compute the risk of overweight according to consumption of grains, nuts, vegetables, fruits, meats/fish/eggs, dairy, and, low nutrient-dense foods (LNDF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of consumption of grains, nuts, vegetables and LNDF were inversely related to the risk of being overweight and dairy increased the risk. Specifically, the odds ratio (95% CI) for children in the highest quartile or tertile of consumption compared with the lowest quartile or tertile were as follows: grains 0.59(0.41-0.83); nuts 0.60(0.43-0.85); vegetables 0.67(0.48-0.94); LNDF 0.43(0.29-0.63); and, dairy 1.36(0.97, 1.92).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The regular intake of specific plant foods may prevent overweight among children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA. Vmatthews@myriverbend.org
authors.forename: Vichuda L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wien
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sabaté
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002523:Edible Grain; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009754:Nuts; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016017:Odds Ratio; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014675:Vegetables