title: In vivo evidence that retinal bipolar cells generate spikes modulated by light.
abstract: Retinal bipolar cells have been assumed to generate purely graded responses to light. To test this idea we imaged the presynaptic calcium transient in live zebrafish. We found that ON, OFF, transient and sustained bipolar cells are all capable of generating fast 'all-or-none' calcium transients modulated by visual stimulation.
authors.affiliation: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dreosti
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esposti
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baden
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lagnado
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000502:physiology; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology*; D051245:Retinal Bipolar Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium