title: The effect of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 gene polymorphisms in bladder cancer development in a Turkish population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate a possible association of the CYP1A1 Ile462Val and GSTM1 null polymorphisms with the risk of developing bladder cancer in a Turkish population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study constituted 176 patients with bladder cancer and 97 healthy individuals. Evaluation of CYP1A1 Ile462Val gene polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). GSTM1 null gene polymorphism was exclusively determined by PCR. Our results were examined by statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in CYP1A1 genotype frequencies between patients and controls. Furthermore, the frequency of GSTM1 null genotype was higher in patients compared to controls, but it did not reach significance (p=0.622 χ(2)=0.243 OR=0.94 95% CI=0.75-1.18). Significance was discovered in combined analysis of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 genotypes. In the present study, GSTM1 null genotype with CYP1A1 Ile/Ile genotype combination was significantly more frequent in the patient group than in controls (p=0,04, χ(2)=4.217). At the same time, possessing both GSTM1 null genotype and CYP1A1 Val variants (Ile/Val+Val/Val) were significantly higher in control group than in patients (p=0.017, χ(2)=5.468). When the pathological tumor grades were assessed, the frequency of CYP1A1 Val mutant variant with GSTM1 null genotype combination was higher in patients with medium and high-grade tumors than in those with low-grade tumors (p=0.06, χ(2)=3.527, OR=1.36 95% CI=1.03-1.78).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that the CYP1A1 Ile/Ile genotype with GSTM1 null genotype combination may contribute to the development of bladder cancer in this Turkish population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Cerrahpasa Medicine, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tülin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.forename: Özlem Timirci
authors.initials: ÖT
authors.lastname: Kahraman
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Toptaş
authors.forename: Halil İbrahim
authors.initials: Hİ
authors.lastname: Kisakesen
authors.forename: Canser
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Çakalir
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verim
authors.forename: Oğuz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: İsbir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014421:Turkey; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase