title: Pesticide monitoring in The Netherlands: can it be improved?
abstract: In The Netherlands, pesticide monitoring of the surface water is separately managed by different water authorities. These water authorities can decide when, where, and what pesticide will be monitored and at what frequency. To help make the decisions more reasonable and make the monitoring system more efficient and systematic, three new types of monitoring maps were developed. The maps are based on actual pesticide measurement from current monitoring system and crop data. Combined temporal and spatial distribution maps give an overview of the pesticide problem in the whole Netherlands. It can be used to develop a strategy in which season and where the pesticide should be intensively monitored. Temporal distribution map, together with the pesticide usage prediction map, provide information of individual pesticide. They help to find out when and at what frequency and which pesticide be monitored, based on which monitoring facilities can be applied more efficiently.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Linhua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Maxim E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kuil
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D058735:Environmental Policy; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009426:Netherlands; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical