title: Evaluating translational research: a process marker model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examine the concept of translational research from the perspective of evaluators charged with assessing translational efforts. One of the major tasks for evaluators involved in translational research is to help assess efforts that aim to reduce the time it takes to move research to practice and health impacts. Another is to assess efforts that are intended to increase the rate and volume of translation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We offer an alternative to the dominant contemporary tendency to define translational research in terms of a series of discrete "phases."
  
  
  RESULTS
  We contend that this phased approach has been confusing and that it is insufficient as a basis for evaluation. Instead, we argue for the identification of key operational and measurable markers along a generalized process pathway from research to practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This model provides a foundation for the evaluation of interventions designed to improve translational research and the integration of these findings into a field of translational studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA. wmt1@cornell.edu
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Trochim
authors.forename: Cathleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Harold A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pincus
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000639:trends; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends*