title: Emergence of genotype I of Japanese encephalitis virus as the dominant genotype in Asia.
abstract: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a mosquito-borne zoonotic pathogen, is one of the major causes of viral encephalitis worldwide. Previous phylogenetic studies based on the envelope protein indicated that there are four genotypes, and surveillance data suggest that genotype I is gradually replacing genotype III as the dominant strain. Here we report an evolutionary analysis based on 98 full-length genome sequences of JEV, including 67 new samples isolated from humans, pigs, mosquitoes, midges. and bats in affected areas. To investigate the relationships between the genotypes and the significance of genotype I in recent epidemics, we estimated evolutionary rates, ages of common ancestors, and population demographics. Our results indicate that the genotypes diverged in the order IV, III, II, and I and that the genetic diversity of genotype III has decreased rapidly while that of genotype I has increased gradually, consistent with its emergence as the dominant genotype.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100052, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Huan-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shi-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Hai-Zhou
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hai-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ming-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jing-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xin-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: You-Gang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Wei-Shan
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Huan-Qin
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yong-Gan
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Du-Juan
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Guoliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kurane
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rayner
authors.forename: Guo-Dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral