title: Sleeve gastrectomy in rats improves postprandial lipid clearance by reducing intestinal triglyceride secretion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postprandial hyperlipidemia is a risk factor for atherosclerotic heart disease and is associated with the consumption of high-fat diets and obesity. Bariatric surgeries result in superior and more durable weight loss than dieting. These surgeries are also associated with multiple metabolic improvements, including reduced plasma lipid levels. We investigated whether the beneficial effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) on plasma lipid levels are weight independent.
  
  
  METHODS
  VSG was performed on Long-Evans rats with diet-induced obesity. Controls were sham-operated animals who were either pair-fed or ad libitum-fed. We measured fasting and postprandial levels of plasma lipid. To determine hepatic and intestinal triglyceride secretion, we injected the lipase inhibitor poloxamer 407 alone or before oral lipid gavage. (13)C-Triolein was used to estimate postprandial uptake of lipid in the intestine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rats that received VSG and high-fat diets had markedly lower fasting levels of plasma triglyceride, cholesterol, and phospholipid than obese and lean (pair-fed) controls that were fed high-fat diets. Rats that received VSG had a marked, weight-independent reduction in secretion of intestinal triglycerides. VSG did not alter total intestinal triglyceride levels or size of the cholesterol storage pool nor did it affect the expression of genes in the intestine that control triglyceride metabolism and synthesis. VSG did not affect fasting secretion of triglyceride, liver weight, hepatic lipid storage, or transcription of genes that regulate hepatic lipid processing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VSG reduced postprandial levels of plasma lipid, independently of body weight. This resulted from reduced intestinal secretion of triglycerides following ingestion of a lipid meal and indicates that VSG has important effects on metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Diseases Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stefater
authors.forename: Darleen A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sandoval
authors.forename: Adam P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.forename: Hilary E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Wilson-Pérez
authors.forename: Susanna M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jandacek
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tso
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Randy J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Seeley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides