title: Association between kinase insert domain-containing receptor gene polymorphism and haplotypes and ischemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR), a type 2 vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, plays a crucial role in angiogenesis and vascular integrity of blood vessels. We evaluated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotype of kinase insert domain-containing receptor (KDR) are associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke in the Korean population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totals of 501 patients with ischemic stroke and 478 controls were screened for the KDR -604T>C, +1192G>A, and +1719A>T SNPs. Subgroup analysis was performed to determine whether the effect of KDR polymorphism is specific to certain etiological subtypes of ischemic stroke. In addition, haplotype frequencies of these three SNPs were analyzed in stroke patients and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SNP +1719T allele was associated with risk of ischemic stroke in a dose-dependent manner (TT vs. AA: adjusted OR: 1.90, 95% CIs: 1.29-2.81, p=0.001 and false discovery rate (FDR)=0.003). Subgroup analysis showed that the SNP +1719T allele had a slight but significant association with small vessel disease type (TT vs. AA: adjusted OR: 1.91, 95% CIs: 1.11-3.29, p=0.02). There was no association between SNP -604 and SNP +1192 and ischemic stroke risk. In haplotype analysis, the T-G-T (-604/+1192/+1719), T-A-T, and C-G-T haplotypes increased the relative risk of ischemic stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The KDR +1719A>T polymorphism and its haplotypes are possible genetic determinants for the risk of ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Kyung-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Young-Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Mi-Hwa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ju-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Hyun-Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won-Chan
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ok-Joon
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun-Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Nam-Keun
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods*; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2