title: Effect of fruit and vegetable concentrates on endothelial function in metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dehydrated fruit and vegetable concentrates provide an accessible form of phytonutrient supplementation that may offer cardioprotective effects. This study assessed the effects of two blends of encapsulated juice powder concentrates (with and without added berry powders) on endothelial function in persons with metabolic syndrome, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled crossover clinical trial with three treatment arms. 64 adults with metabolic syndrome were enrolled and received 8-week sequences of each blend of the concentrates and placebo. The primary outcome measure was change in endothelial function (assessed as flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery) 2 hr after consuming a 75 g glucose load, after 8-weeks of daily consumption (sustained) or 2 hr after consumption of a single dose (acute). Secondary outcome measures included plasma glucose, serum insulin, serum lipids, and body weight.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant between-group differences in endothelial function with daily treatment for 8 weeks were seen. No other significant treatment effects were discerned in glucose, insulin, lipids, and weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Encapsulated fruit and vegetable juice powder concentrates did not alter insulin or glucose measures in this sample of adults with metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  clinicaltrials.gov NCT01224743.
authors.affiliation: Prevention Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, Griffin Hospital, 130 Division Street, 2nd Floor, Derby, Connecticut 06418, USA.
authors.forename: Ather
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.forename: Valentine Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Njike
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D007328:Insulin