title: Characteristics of PCDD/F content in fly ash discharged from municipal solid waste incinerators.
abstract: Different from most previous studies with quantity-limited data, this paper presents PCDD/F content characterization in the fly ash discharged from sixteen large-scale commercial MSWIs. From the results with over hundreds of data using periodically sampling and analysis, it was found that the PCDD/F contents in the fly ash were from 9.07 to 46.68ng/g, d.w., and if based on international toxicity equivalent quantity, they were from 0.78 to 2.86ng I-TEQ/g, d.w. The higher chlorinated PCDDs likely dominated more than lower chlorinated PCDDs, but this tendency was not for PCDFs. The OCDD had the highest contribution to the total PCDD/F content, but if based on I-TEQ content, 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF is the PCDD/F congener with the highest toxicity contribution. Moreover, the PCDD/F characteristic index (DCI) is suggested using the representative congener content of 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF to characterize the fly ash. The DCI is 0.875±7.6% for the fly ash discharged from the MSWI with the APCD assembly of SD, AC and BF. The findings obtained in this work provide overview information on the PCDD/F content characterization in fly ash. They will provide PCDD/F fingerprint information to distinguish from other PCDD/F sources, like steel refinery industry, hazardous waste incinerators, or cement kilns, and thus be applied to fly ash management in the environment.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Chung-Shiao E.Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. ymchang@ntut.edu.tw
authors.forename: Yu-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Wen-Pin
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Wen-Chien
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Hsing-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsi
authors.forename: Chao-Hsiung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ching-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D060729:Coal Ash; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D017745:Incineration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D060729:Coal Ash; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D002244:Carbon