title: Co-occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance use disorder in the general population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Very little is known about the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorder (SUD). The aim of this study is to compare the co-occurrence of OCD with SUD to the co-occurrence of SUD with other psychiatric disorders in a representative community sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to examine the association of SUD and OCD, logistic regression analyses were used generating odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for life-time prevalence and 12-month prevalence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS), a large representative sample of the Dutch population (n = 7076).
  
  
  METHODS
  The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 1.1 was used to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I criteria for psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The life-time and 12-month odds of being diagnosed with SUD in subjects with OCD are significantly higher than the odds of SUD for people without a psychiatric disorder. In men, the co-occurrence of substance dependence and OCD is significantly higher than the co-occurrence of substance dependence and other psychiatric disorders, whereas in women this co-occurrence does not differ significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The co-occurrence of substance dependence in obsessive-compulsive disorder is higher than the co-occurrence of substance dependence in other non-obsessive-compulsive disorder DSM disorders, especially in men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Academical Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Rianne M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Blom
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koeter
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van den Brink
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Graaf
authors.forename: Margreet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ten Have
authors.forename: Damiaan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Denys
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012201:Reward; D017678:Sex Distribution; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult