title: A 7-d exercise program increases high-molecular weight adiponectin in obese adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin is the biologically active form of adiponectin and is related to enhanced insulin sensitivity and metabolic function. Previously, we found that 7 d of exercise improves insulin sensitivity in obese subjects; however, whether short-term exercise training affects HMW adiponectin in obese persons is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the effect of seven consecutive days of supervised vigorous exercise (60 min · d(-1), 85% HRmax) on HMW adiponectin and leptin secretion in 17 obese individuals (age = 55 ± 3 yr; body mass index = 33.7 ± 0.9 kg · m(-2)). Insulin sensitivity was calculated from an oral glucose tolerance test (ISIOGTT) using the Matsuda Index. Fasting plasma HMW adiponectin and leptin were quantified from blood samples obtained before the ISIOGTT. Glucose and insulin measures were obtained before and every 30 min during the test. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine body composition, and indirect calorimetry was used to assess fat oxidation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the intervention, there was a significant increase in HMW adiponectin (3202 ± 543 vs 3878 ± 682 ng · mL(-1), P = 0.02) and a decrease in leptin (36.8 ± 5.1 vs 31.1 ± 4.2 μg · mL(-1), P = 0.03). Further, we observed an increase in ISIOGTT (1.7 ± 0.3 vs 2.1 ± 0.3, P = 0.04) and a decrease in glucose area under the curve (30,871 ± 2105 vs 28,469 ± 1657 mg · dL(-1) for 3 h, P = 0.01). The increase in HMW adiponectin was positively associated with the increase in basal fat oxidation (r = 0.57, P = 0.03), consistent with an improvement in adipose tissue metabolic function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that 7 d of exercise is sufficient not only to improve insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation but also to favorably alter adipokine secretion, independent of changes in body weight or composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Karen R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Alecia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blaszczak
authors.forename: Jacob M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haus
authors.forename: Aimee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patrick-Melin
authors.forename: Ciaran E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Fealy
authors.forename: Thomas P J
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Michael I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kalinski
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kirwan
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005223:Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005223:Fats; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin