title: Mortality associated with gastrointestinal bleeding events: Comparing short-term clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized for upper GI bleeding and acute myocardial infarction in a US managed care setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the short-term mortality rates of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding to those of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by estimating the 30-, 60-, and 90-day mortality among hospitalized patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  United States national health plan claims data (1999-2003) were used to identify patients hospitalized with a GI bleeding event. Patients were propensity-matched to AMI patients with no evidence of GI bleed from the same US health plan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  12,437 upper GI-bleed patients and 22,847 AMI patients were identified. Propensity score matching yielded 6,923 matched pairs. Matched cohorts were found to have a similar Charlson Comorbidity Index score and to be similar on nearly all utilization and cost measures (excepting emergency room costs). A comparison of outcomes among the matched cohorts found that AMI patients had higher rates of 30-day mortality (4.35% vs 2.54%; p < 0.0001) and rehospitalization (2.56% vs 1.79%; p = 0.002), while GI bleed patients were more likely to have a repeat procedure (72.38% vs 44.95%; p < 0.001) following their initial hospitalization. The majority of the difference in overall 30-day mortality between GI bleed and AMI patients was accounted for by mortality during the initial hospitalization (1.91% vs 3.58%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GI bleeding events result in significant mortality similar to that of an AMI after adjusting for the initial hospitalization.
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA;
authors.forename: C Mel
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.forename: Byron L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Cryer
authors.forename: Henry J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Henk
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zarotsky
authors.forename: Gergana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zlateva