title: Neuronal induction and regional identity by co-culture of adherent human embryonic stem cells with chicken notochords and somites.
abstract: The role of somites and notochords in neuroectoderm differentiation from the embryonic ectoderm and its subsequent patterning into regional compartments along rostro-caudal and dorso-ventral axes, especially in humans, remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate the co-culture effect of somites and notochords isolated from chicken embryos on the neuronal differentiation and regional identity of an adherent culture of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Notochord increased the efficiency and speed of neuronal induction, whereas somites had a weak neuronal inducing effect on hESCs. However, a synergistic effect was not observed when notochords and somites were used together. Moreover, in somite and notochord co-culture groups, hESCs-derived neuronal cells expressed HOXB4, OTX2, IRX3 and PAX6, indicative of dorsal hindbrain and ventral anterior identities, respectively. Our results reveal the influence of embryonic notochord and somite co-culture in providing neuronal induction as well as rostro-caudal and dorso-ventral regional identity of hESCs-derived neuronal cells. This study provides a model through which in vivo neuronal induction events may be imitated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Royan Institute for Animal Biotechnology, Esfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.forename: Khadijeh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karbalaie
authors.forename: Shahnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Razavi
authors.forename: Somaieh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanhaee
authors.forename: Marziyh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nematollahi
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sagha
authors.forename: Mohammad-Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nasr-Esfahani
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baharvand
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004627:Embryonic Induction / Q000502:physiology; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D054258:Neural Plate / Q000196:embryology; D009672:Notochord / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019170:Somites / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005136:Eye Proteins; C090460:HOXB4 protein, human; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C501598:IRX3 protein, human; C497659:OTX2 protein, human; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; C000605730:PAX6 protein, human; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors