title: A population-based epidemiologic study of emergency department visits for anaphylaxis in Florida.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous population-based analyses of emergency department (ED) visits for anaphylaxis have been limited to small populations in limited geographic areas and focused on children or have included patients who had allergic conditions other than anaphylaxis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to describe the epidemiology and risk factors among patients with anaphylaxis presenting to Florida EDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two thousand seven hundred fifty-one patients with anaphylaxis were identified for 2005-2006 within ED records by using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), and a validated ICD-9-CM-based algorithm. Age- and sex-specific rates were calculated. Regression analyses were used to determine relative risks for anaphylaxis caused by various triggers (food, venom, and medication) and risk factors (age, sex, race, and ethnicity).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest observed rates were among the youngest male subjects (8.2/100,000 Floridians aged 0-4 years) and among adult female subjects (15-54 years) grouped in 10-year age categories (9.9-10.9/100,000 Floridians). Male and black subjects were 20% and 25%, respectively, more likely to have a food trigger than female and white subjects. White, male, and older subjects were more likely to have an anaphylaxis-related ED visit caused by insect stings. Venom-induced anaphylaxis was more likely in August through October. Children were less likely than those older than 70 years (referent) to have medication-induced anaphylaxis (P < .03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the only ED-based population study in a US lower-latitude state. The overall rate is considerably lower than other US ED-based population studies. The rates of anaphylaxis by age group differed by sex. Male and black subjects were more likely to have a food trigger.
authors.affiliation: Florida Department of Health, Division of Environmental Health, Bureau of Environmental Public Health Medicine, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harduar-Morano
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blackmore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D001514:Bee Venoms / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000276:immunology; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001514:Bee Venoms