title: Statistically induced phase transitions and anyons in 1D optical lattices.
abstract: Anyons--particles carrying fractional statistics that interpolate between bosons and fermions--have been conjectured to exist in low-dimensional systems. In the context of the fractional quantum Hall effect, quasi-particles made of electrons take the role of anyons whose statistical exchange phase is fixed by the filling factor. Here we propose an experimental setup to create anyons in one-dimensional lattices with fully tuneable exchange statistics. In our setup, anyons are created by bosons with occupation-dependent hopping amplitudes, which can be realized by assisted Raman tunnelling. The statistical angle can thus be controlled in situ by modifying the relative phase of external driving fields. This opens the fascinating possibility of smoothly transmuting bosons via anyons into fermions and of inducing a phase transition by the mere control of the particle statistics as a free parameter. In particular, we demonstrate how to induce a quantum phase transition from a superfluid into an exotic Mott-like state where the particle distribution exhibits plateaus at fractional densities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80333 München, Germany. t@ssilo.net
authors.forename: Tassilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keilmann
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lanzmich
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: McCulloch
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roncaglia
mesh_terms: D004601:Elementary Particles; D015233:Models, Statistical; D044367:Phase Transition; D010825:Physics; D011789:Quantum Theory