title: Differential diagnosis of adnexal masses: sequential use of the risk of malignancy index and HistoScanning, a novel computer-aided diagnostic tool.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the value of ovarian Histo-Scanning(™) , a novel computerized technique for interpreting ultrasound data, in combination with the risk of malignancy index (RMI) in improving triage for women with adnexal masses.
  
  
  METHODS
  RMI indices were assessed in 199 women enrolled in a prospective study to investigate the use of HistoScanning. Ultrasound scores were obtained by blinded analysis of archived images. The following sequential test was developed: HistoScanning was modeled as a second-line test for RMI between a lower cut-off and an upper cut-off. The optimal combination of these cut-offs that together maximized the Youden index (Sensitivity + Specificity - 1) was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using RMI at the standard cut-off value of 250 resulted in a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 86%. When RMI was combined with HistoScanning, the highest accuracy was achieved by using HistoScanning as a sequential second-line test for patients with RMI values between 105 and 2100. At these cut-off values, sequential use of RMI and HistoScanning resulted in mean sensitivity and specificity estimates of 88% and 95%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that HistoScanning may have the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy of RMI, which could result in better triage for women with adnexal masses. Further prospective validation is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. evelien.vaes@uclouvain.be
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manchanda
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Autier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nir
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nir
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bleiberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Menon
mesh_terms: D000291:Adnexal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014218:Triage / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018394:CA-125 Antigen