title: Blood-derived anti-inflammatory protein solution blocks the effect of IL-1β on human macrophages in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this research was to determine if an autologous protein solution (APS), prepared from platelet-rich plasma (PRP), could reduce the deleterious effects of inflammatory cytokines in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  APS was prepared by processing human blood in a tuned density buoy separation device (Platelet Separation System, Biomet Biologics, LLC) to produce platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and processing the PRP in a concentration device containing polyacrylimide beads to produce a highly concentrated anti-inflammatory solution. A functional assay was designed using recombinant interleukin (IL)-1β to upregulate IL-8 production by human monocytes. Either recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (rhIL-1ra) or APS was added to some samples to determine if a reduced inflammatory response could be identified in vitro. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was employed to perform cytokine analyses, and Student's t test (α = 0.05) was used for all statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the rhIL-1ra and the APS reduced the effect of IL-1β on human macrophages in vitro. This was measured by the reduced production of IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Further analysis of the supernatants confirmed the presence of high concentrations of IL-1ra and soluble TNF receptor I (sTNF-RI) with the APS treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ability of the APS to reduce the effect of IL-1β and limit the expression of other inflammatory cytokines in vitro validates its potential use as an autologous treatment for osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S. Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA. krista.oshaughnessey@biomet.com
authors.forename: Krista M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: O'Shaughnessey
authors.forename: Alyssa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Panitch
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Woodell-May
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007249:Inflammation; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D010949:Plasma / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016209:Interleukin-8; D011994:Recombinant Proteins