title: Subclinical diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with and without carotid atherosclerosis: relationship with glyco-oxidation, lipid-oxidation and antioxidant status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate subclinical diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients and its relationship with glyco-oxidation, lipo-oxidation and antioxidant capacity in the presence or absence of carotid plaques.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Subclinical diastolic dysfunction is the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy, the pathogenic mechanisms of which are still little known. In particular, few data are available on the role of glyco-oxidation, lipo-oxidation and antioxidant status, factors known to be involved in the atherosclerotic process.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed myocardial systolic and diastolic functions in 57 consecutive asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients (24 patients with no carotid plaques; 33 with plaques) and 27 healthy volunteers using transthoracic echocardiography. Glyco-oxidation and lipo-oxidation parameters and antioxidant status were also evaluated in fasting venous blood samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systolic function was similar between diabetic patients and controls, while most of the diastolic parameters (A, e', E/A, E/e') differed significantly between diabetics and controls, being worse in the former. Among the diastolic parameters, only the peak late diastolic velocity A differed significantly between the two groups of diabetic patients with no carotid plaques and with plaques (0.72 ± 0.16 m/s vs 0.84 ± 0.25 m/s, p<0.05). The diastolic parameters A and E/e' related to glycemic control, glyco-oxidation and antioxidant capacity, and to LDL size and density.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glyco-oxidation and antioxidant status, combined with the presence of small, dense LDL correlate with subclinical diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients. Atherosclerotic lesions are associated with an altered atrial function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sartore
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piarulli
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ragazzi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burlina
authors.forename: Nino Cristiano
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Chilelli
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sarais
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: Enzo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manzato
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fedele
authors.forename: Annunziata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lapolla
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000502:physiology*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003971:Diastole; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005947:Glucose