title: Relationship between pulmonary and systemic markers of exposure to multiple types of welding particulate matter.
abstract: Welding results in a unique and complex occupational exposure. Recent epidemiological studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular disease following welding fume exposure. In this study, we compared the induction of pulmonary and systemic inflammation following exposure to multiple types of welding fumes. Mice were exposed to 340μg of manual metal arc stainless steel (MMA-SS), gas metal arc-SS (GMA-SS) or GMA-mild steel (GMA-MS) by pharyngeal aspiration. Mice were sacrificed at 4 and 24h post-exposure to evaluate various parameters of pulmonary and systemic inflammation. Alterations in pulmonary gene expression by a custom designed TaqMan array showed minimal differences between the fumes at 4h. Conversely at 24h, gene expression changes were further increased by SS but not GMA-MS exposure. These findings were associated with the surrogate marker of systemic inflammation, liver acute phase gene induction. Interestingly, stress response genes in cardiovascular tissues were only increased following MMA-SS exposure. These effects were related to the initial level of pulmonary cytotoxicity, as measured by lactate dehydrogenase activity, which was greatest following MMA-SS exposure. In conclusion, varying types of welding fumes elicit quantitatively different systemic inflammatory and/or stress responses.
authors.affiliation: Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, United States. efi4@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Erdely
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salmen-Muniz
authors.forename: Angie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liston
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hulderman
authors.forename: Patti C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Zeidler-Erdely
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Antonini
authors.forename: Petia P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Simeonova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014896:Welding
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012333:RNA, Messenger