title: Association of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma polymorphisms with inflammatory bowel disease in a Hungarian cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) shows increasing incidence in the last few years in Eastern Europe, including Hungary. Since genetic susceptibility of patients plays an important role in the development and pathogenesis of IBD, it is important to identify new susceptibility genes. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is expressed in the colon and has protective effects against inflammatory processes. Our aim was to examine the association of four polymorphisms of PPARγ in a well-characterized Hungarian IBD cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 575 Crohn's disease (CD), 103 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 486 sex- and age-matched controls were examined. Four polymorphisms of PPARγ (rs10865710 [C-681G], rs2067819, rs3892175, and rs1801282 [Pro12Ala]) were genotyped by TaqMan genotyping assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Pro12Ala polymorphism showed significant association with CD when the frequencies of the homozygous variants (Pro/Pro vs. Ala/Ala) were compared. The minor Ala/Ala genotype was significantly less frequent in CD patients compared to the controls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 012-0.94; P = 0.03), suggesting a potential protective effect of the Ala allele. The GAGG haplotype of PPARγ confers a protective effect in CD; however, it is not significant, but in UC it has a protective effect with a significant level (OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.05-0.42; P = 3.78 × 10(-5) ), while GAGC increases the risk of UC (OR = 6.70; 95% CI: 3.41-13.17; P = 3.85 × 10(-10) ).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study we demonstrated a significant association between PPARγ polymorphisms and the development of CD and UC at single loci level and also in haplotype combinations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Szilard
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poliska
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Penyige
authors.forename: Peter Laszlo
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Lakatos
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.forename: Karoly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Palatka
authors.forename: Laszlo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lakatos
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Molnar
authors.forename: Laszlo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nagy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000235:genetics*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D047495:PPAR gamma