title: An examination of the effects of stimulant medication on response inhibition: a comparison between children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: This study investigated whether methylphenidate is effective in improving response inhibition in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Children with ADHD were compared with normally developing children on measures of response inhibition. Participants with ADHD were compared across two conditions--medicated and unmedicated. There was no significant difference between the inhibitory control of children with and without ADHD. Children with ADHD showed significant improvements in inhibitory control following methylphenidate. The findings of the present study contrast with previous studies which document reduced inhibitory control in ADHD, compared with normally developing children. Reports of methylphenidate improving functioning in children with ADHD are supported. Limitation and implications of the study are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh EH91LL, UK.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brackenridge
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: George C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: April
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quigley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014888:Wechsler Scales
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008774:Methylphenidate