title: Quantitative imaging of mixing dynamics in microfluidic droplets using two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging.
abstract: Droplet-based microfluidic systems enable miniaturization of chemical reactions in femtoliter to picoliter volume compartments. Quantifying mixing dynamics of the reagents in droplets is critical to determine the system performance. In this Letter, we developed a two-photon excitation fluorescence lifetime imaging technique to quantitatively image the mixing dynamics in microﬂuidic droplets. A cross/autocorrelation method was used to reconstruct a high-quality fluorescence lifetime image of the droplet. The fluorescence decay was analyzed for accurate determination of the mixing ratio at each pixel of the image.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Liguo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shuhuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Jianan Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D057446:Hydrodynamics; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017785:Photons