title: Effects of Mn levels on resistance of Bacillus megaterium spores to heat, radiation and hydrogen peroxide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of Mn levels in Bacillus megaterium sporulation and spores on spore resistance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacillus megaterium was sporulated with no added MnCl(2) and up to 1 mmol l(-1) MnCl(2). The resultant spores were purified and loosely bound Mn removed, and spore Mn levels were found to vary c. 100-fold. The Mn level had no effect on spore γ-radiation resistance, but B. megaterium spores with elevated Mn levels had higher resistance to UVC radiation (as did Bacillus subtilis spores), wet and dry heat and H(2)O(2). However, levels of dipicolinic acid and the DNA-protective α/β-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins were the same in spores with high and low Mn levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mn levels either in sporulation or in spores are important factors in determining levels of B. megaterium spore resistance to many agents, with the exception of γ-radiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Mn level in sporulation is an important factor to consider when resistance properties of B. megaterium spores are examined, and will influence the UV resistance of B. subtilis spores, some of which are used as biological dosimeters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Microbial and Structural Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-3305, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Peralta
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaidamakova
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y-Q
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Setlow
mesh_terms: D001410:Bacillus megaterium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism*; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010848:Picolinic Acids; D008345:Manganese; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004860:dipicolinic acid