title: Increased muscle belly and tendon stiffness in patients with Parkinson's disease, as measured by myotonometry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Based on Davis's law, greater tonus of the muscle belly in individuals with Parkinson's disease can create greater tension in the tendon, leading to structural adjustment and an increase in tendon stiffness. Our study aimed to separately assess passive stiffness in the muscle belly and tendon in medicated patients with Parkinson's disease, using myotonometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested 12 patients with Parkinson's disease and 12 healthy matched controls. Passive stiffness of muscle belly and tendon was estimated by myotonometry, electromyography, and mechanomyography in relaxed biceps and triceps brachii muscles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with controls, patients with Parkinson's disease had higher stiffness in the muscle belly and tendon of the biceps brachii and in the tendon of the triceps brachii. In patients with Parkinson's disease, there was a positive correlation between muscle belly stiffness and parkinsonian rigidity in the biceps brachii.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with Parkinson's disease have higher passive stiffness of the muscle belly and tendon than healthy matched controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland. jaroslaw.marusiak@awf.wroc.pl
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marusiak
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaskólska
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Budrewicz
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koszewicz
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaskólski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009127:Muscle Rigidity / Q000209:etiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009222:Myotonia / Q000209:etiology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D013710:Tendons / Q000503:physiopathology*