title: Verification of an electromagnetic placement device compared with abdominal radiograph to predict accuracy of feeding tube placement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Use of an electromagnetic placement device (EMPD) facilitates placement of feeding tubes at the bedside. Standard practice for verification of feeding tube placement is via radiographic confirmation. The purpose of this research study was to assess the accuracy of placement of small-bore feeding tubes (SBFTs) as determined by EMPD interpretation compared with that of abdominal radiograph verification by a radiologist.
  
  
  METHODS
  This multicenter prospective study enrolled patients requiring bedside feeding tube placement. SBFTs were placed by an experienced investigator using the EMPD. Two abdominal radiographs were then obtained: one after initial SBFT placement and an additional radiograph after injection of contrast. Documentation of location based on clinician interpretation using the EMPD was then compared with radiologist interpretation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final sample size was 194 patients, including 18 pediatric patients. Patient age ranged from 12 days to 102 years. Median time for tube placement was 12 minutes. Of the 194 patients, only 1 patient had data showing discrepancies between the original EMPD verification and the final abdominal radiograph interpretation, providing a 99.5% agreement. No patient experienced complications during SBFT placement, and 15 patients had inadvertent airway placement that was avoided with the use of the EMPD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a high percentage of agreement between EMPD and radiologic interpretation after contrast injection. The EMPD aided in avoiding inadvertent airway placement, with no patient complications. This device can be used safely at the bedside to facilitate placement of feeding tubes, leading to the delivery of early enteral nutrition.
authors.affiliation: St Vincent Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. jmpowers@stvincent.org
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luebbehusen
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Spitzer
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coddington
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beeson
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011860:Radiography, Abdominal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D055815:Young Adult