title: Site dependency of fatty acid composition in adipose triacylglycerol in rats and its absence as a result of high-fat feeding.
abstract: It is currently believed that metabolic syndrome, in general, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, in particular, depend more on visceral than on subcutaneous adipose tissue. However, the relationship between insulin resistance and fatty acid composition in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues remains to be clarified. In the present study, we extracted the triacylglycerol from visceral (epididymis and mesentery) and subcutaneous adipose tissues in normal and insulin-resistant, high-fat-fed (HFF) rats and determined the composition of each fatty acid. The concentrations of palmitoleic, docosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, dihomo-γ-linolenic, arachidonic, and docosatetraenoic acids were higher in epididymal adipose tissue than in mesenteric and subcutaneous adipose tissues; but no significant differences were detected between mesenteric and subcutaneous tissues in the normal group or among all the sites in the HFF rats. In the HFF group, stearic and oleic acid concentrations were higher, whereas n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated ones were lower, than those in the normal group. Palmitoleic acid and some n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions in adipose tissue triacylglycerol depend on anatomical location, which may affect the properties and/or function of adipose tissues. These results at least in part suggest that the properties of adipose tissue are difficult to distinguish based only on their "visceral" or "subcutaneous" sites. In addition, the absence of site dependence and/or difference in balance among saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids may play an important role in the development of insulin resistance in the HFF rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Information Engineering, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shinzawa
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karimata
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okawa
authors.forename: Zhonggang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
mesh_terms: D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D004822:Epididymis / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test / Q000379:methods; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008643:Mesentery / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides