title: Effects of single-bundle and double-bundle ACL reconstruction on tibiofemoral compressive stresses and joint kinematics during simulated squatting.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare tibiofemoral (TF) kinematics and TF compressive stresses between single bundle- (SB-) and double bundle-ACL reconstruction (DB-ACLR) during simulated squatting. Twelve matched pairs of fresh frozen cadaver knees were utilized. A simulated squat through 100° of knee flexion was performed in the ACL-intact joint. The ACL was transected and SB- and DB-ACLR procedures were performed in one knee of each pair. The squat was repeated. Knee kinematics were measured using a motion tracking system and the TF compressive forces were measured using thin film pressure sensors. The posterior shifts of the tibia for SB- and DB-ACLR knees were significantly greater than the ACL-intact condition for knee flexion angles 0° to 40° (p<.05). However, there was no difference between the SB- and DB-ACLR knees at any flexion angle (0° to 100°; p=.37). SB- and DB-ACLR knees had greater IE rotation than intact knees from 90° through 50° of flexion (p<.05), but not between 40° and full extension. There was no difference between SB- and DB-ACLR knees (p=.68). The TF compressive stresses of the DB-ACLR were significantly lower than intact for all angles except 10° (p=.06), whereas SB-ACLR knees did not differ from intact at flexion angles between 30° and 50° (p>.32). There were no significant differences between the two reconstruction conditions (p=.74). This study showed that there was no difference in the TF kinematics or compressive stresses between SB- and DB-ACLR, and only minor differences when compared to the intact state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Coro West, Suite 404, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Mulcahey
authors.forename: Keith O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Monchik
authors.forename: Charlie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yongpravat
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Badger
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Fadale
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hulstyn
authors.forename: Braden C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Fleming
mesh_terms: D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000503:physiopathology; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013977:Tibia / Q000503:physiopathology