title: Image quality of mammography in Croatian nationwide screening program: comparison between various types of facilities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was aimed to provide objective evidence about the mammographic image quality in Croatia, to compare it between different types of MG facilities and to identify the most common deficiencies and possible reasons as well as the steps needed to improve image quality.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 420 mammographic examinations collected from 84 mammographic units participating in the Croatian nationwide breast cancer screening program were reviewed in terms of four image quality categories: identification of patient and examination, breast positioning and compression, exposure and contrast, and artifacts. Those were rated using image evaluating system based on American College of Radiology and European Commission proposals. The results were compared among different types of mammographic units, and common image quality deficiencies were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total image quality scores of 12.8, 16.1, 13.0 and 13.7 were found for general hospitals, university hospitals, private clinics and public healthcare centres, respectively. Average score for all mammographic units was 13.5 (out of 25 points). University hospitals were significantly better than all other mammography units in overall image quality, which was mostly contributed by better breast positioning practices. Private clinics showed the worst results in identification, exposure, contrast and artifacts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serious deficiencies in identification and breast positioning, which might compromise breast cancer screening outcome, were detected in our material. They occur mainly due to subjective reasons and could be corrected through additional staff training and improvement of working discipline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospital Merkur, Zajčeva 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. zoran.brnic@zg.t-com.hr
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Brnić
authors.forename: Darko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blašković
authors.forename: Branimir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klasić
authors.forename: Jelena Popić
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ramač
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flegarić-Bradić
authors.forename: Damir
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stimac
authors.forename: Ivan Zvonimir
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Lubina
authors.forename: Vedran
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brnić
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Faj
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017523:Croatia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult