title: Development of a brief, 12-item version of the Michigan Hand Questionnaire.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Michigan Hand Questionnaire is one of the most widely used hand-specific surveys that measure health status relevant to patients with acute and chronic hand disorders. However, item redundancy exists in the original version, and an abbreviated survey could minimize responder burden and offer broader applicability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n = 422) with four specific hand conditions--rheumatoid arthritis (n = 162), thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis (n = 31), carpal tunnel syndrome (n = 97), and distal radius fracture (n = 132)--completed the Michigan Hand Questionnaire at two time points. Correlation analysis identified two items from each of six domains (i.e., function, activities of daily living, work, pain, aesthetics, and satisfaction). The Brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire score was calculated as the sum of the responses to the 12 items. Psychometric analysis was performed to describe the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire includes 12 items that were highly correlated with the summary Michigan Hand Questionnaire score (r = 0.99, p < 0.001). The Brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire scores were highly correlated between the two time periods (r = 0.78, p < 0.001) and by disease type. Responsiveness of the Brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire was high for all diseases and similar to that of the original Michigan Hand Questionnaire.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 12-item Brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire is an efficient and versatile outcomes instrument specific to hand disability that retains the psychometric properties of the original Michigan Hand Questionnaire. The Brief Michigan Hand Questionnaire is an important tool with which to measure patient outcomes and the quality of care in hand surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic, I.(Figure is included in full-text article.).
authors.affiliation: Ann Arbor, Mich. From the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System; the Center for Statistical Consultation and Research, University of Michigan; and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center.
authors.forename: Jennifer F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Waljee
authors.forename: H Myra
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Patricia B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001168:Arthritis / Q000601:surgery*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000601:surgery*; D002349:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000601:surgery*; D052737:Carpometacarpal Joints; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult