title: S-layer fusion proteins--construction principles and applications.
abstract: Crystalline bacterial cell surface layers (S-layers) are the outermost cell envelope component of many bacteria and archaea. S-layers are monomolecular arrays composed of a single protein or glycoprotein species and represent the simplest biological membrane developed during evolution. The wealth of information available on the structure, chemistry, genetics and assembly of S-layers revealed a broad spectrum of applications in nanobiotechnology and biomimetics. By genetic engineering techniques, specific functional domains can be incorporated in S-layer proteins while maintaining the self-assembly capability. These techniques have led to new types of affinity structures, microcarriers, enzyme membranes, diagnostic devices, biosensors, vaccines, as well as targeting, delivery and encapsulation systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of NanoBiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ilk
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Egelseer
authors.forename: Uwe B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Sleytr
mesh_terms: D001105:Archaea / Q000737:chemistry; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004798:Enzymes; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014612:Vaccines / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004798:Enzymes; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C055764:S-layer proteins; D014612:Vaccines