title: The development and application of optogenetics.
abstract: Genetically encoded, single-component optogenetic tools have made a significant impact on neuroscience, enabling specific modulation of selected cells within complex neural tissues. As the optogenetic toolbox contents grow and diversify, the opportunities for neuroscience continue to grow. In this review, we outline the development of currently available single-component optogenetic tools and summarize the application of various optogenetic tools in diverse model organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Lief
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fenno
authors.forename: Ofer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yizhar
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deisseroth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D055537:Light Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000235:genetics; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009488:Neurosciences; D055355:Opsins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D055355:Opsins