title: Adverse drug reactions of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in orthopedic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the ADRs due to NSAIDs and to know how to monitor the drug's effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study was undertaken in the Orthopedic Outpatients Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Hundred patients were enrolled in this study to observe the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to NSAIDs. All the ADRs were further analyzed in relation to age and sex, type of drug and its pattern. Probability scale was used for the causality assessment of the ADRs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  26% of the 100 patients developed ADR due to NSAIDs. There was not much of a difference in the number of the ADRs in relation to the gender. Diclofenac was the highest prescribed drug (65 patients), followed by paracetamol (12), nimesulide (10), ibuprofen (6), piroxicam (5) and Etoricoxib (2). Diclofenac accounted for the maximum number (73%) of ADRs, followed by nimesulide (16%), paracetamol (7%), and Etoricoxib (4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacovigilance improves recognition of ADRs by the medical students. It allows the treating physician to identify the ADR associated with drugs, in particular, with the ones considered relatively safe and with those commonly prescribed by the medical and non-health professionals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Pramukh Swami Medical College, Gokalnagar, Karamsad 388 325, Anand, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Alpa Pragnesh
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gor
authors.forename: Miti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saksena