title: Comparative study between a standard 25-gauge vitrectomy system and a new ultrahigh-speed 25-gauge system with duty cycle control in the treatment of various vitreoretinal diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a standard 25-gauge vitrectomy system with a new ultrahigh-speed (UHS) 25-gauge system with duty cycle control for pars plana vitrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, controlled clinical trial, 120 patients (divided into 2 groups of 60 patients) underwent a 3-port pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of epiretinal membranes, macular holes, retinal detachment, and complications of diabetic retinopathy. Evaluations were performed preoperatively, intraoperatively, on the first 3 postoperative days, and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. Main outcome measures were vitrectomy time, induction of posterior vitreous detachment, and intra- and postoperative complications. Vitrectomy time included retinal manipulation, but did not include wound opening and closure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The duration of surgery was significantly different between the groups. Patients in the new UHS 25-gauge group had a significantly shorter duration of vitrectomy time (P < 0.0001). Mean overall vitrectomy time was 1,583.7 ± 875.4 seconds (26 minutes) in the standard 25-gauge group and 1,106.3 ± 575.9 seconds (18 minutes) in the UHS 25-gauge group. Twenty-nine patients (48.3%) in the standard group and 27 patients (45.0%) in the UHS group experienced induction of posterior vitreous detachment. Thirteen patients (21.7%) in the standard 25-gauge group and 1 patient (1.7%) in the new UHS group had intraoperative iatrogenic retinal breaks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new-generation UHS 25-gauge system may provide a new paradigm of high-flow, smaller-diameter instrumentation, thus increasing the efficiency of the small-gauge technique and the safety of the surgery.
authors.affiliation: Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Pisana, Eye Surgery Clinic, Pisa, Italy. stanos@tin.it
authors.forename: Stanislao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Genovesi-Ebert
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belting
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000601:surgery; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D057586:Vitreoretinal Surgery; D055815:Young Adult