title: A brief structured education programme enhances self-care practices and improves glycaemic control in Malaysians with poorly controlled diabetes.
abstract: We assessed the effectiveness of a brief structured diabetes education programme based on the concept of self-efficacy on self-care and glycaemic control using single-blind study design. One hundred and sixty-four participants with poorly controlled diabetes from two settings were randomized using computer-generated list into control (n = 82) and intervention (n = 82) groups, of which 151 completed the study. Monthly interventions over 12 weeks addressed the self-care practices of diet, physical activity, medication adherence and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). These self-care practices were assessed at Weeks 0 and 12 using pre- and post-questionnaires in both groups together with glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and diabetes knowledge. In the intention-to-treat analysis (n = 164), the intervention group improved their SMBG (P = <0.001), physical activity (P = 0.001), HbA1c (P = 0.03), diabetes knowledge (P = <0.001) and medication adherence. At Week 12, HbA1c difference adjusted for SMBG frequency, medication adherence and weight change remained significant (P = 0.03) compared with control group. For within group comparisons, diabetes knowledge (P = <0.001), HbA1c level (P = <0.001), SMBG (P = <0.001) and medication adherence (P = 0.008) improved from baseline in the intervention group. In the control group, only diabetes knowledge improved (P = <0.001). These findings can contribute to the development of self-management diabetes education in Malaysia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Damai Medical and Heart Clinic, Melaka 75300, Malaysia. mytan53@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Magarey
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D003927:Diet, Diabetic / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human