title: Direct visualization of non-human primate subcortical nuclei with contrast-enhanced high field MRI.
abstract: Subcortical nuclei are increasingly targeted for deep brain stimulation (DBS) and for gene transfer to treat neurological and psychiatric disorders. For a successful outcome in patients, it is critical to place DBS electrodes or infuse viral vectors accurately within targeted nuclei. However current MRI approaches are still limited to localize brainstem and basal ganglia nuclei accurately. By combining ultra-high resolution structural MRI and contrast-enhanced MRI using iron oxide nanoparticles at high field (3T and 7T), we could precisely locate the subcortical nuclei, in particular the subthalamic nucleus in macaques, and validate this location by intracranial electrophysiological mapping. The present data pave the way to a clinical application.
authors.affiliation: Equipe Avenir INSERM Bettencourt Schueller, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwamuro
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Uhrig
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wiggins
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poupon
authors.forename: Hauke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kolster
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vanduffel
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Bihan
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palfi
authors.forename: Béchir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jarraya
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D005260:Female; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007206:Individuality; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008839:Microelectrodes; D011336:Probability; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology