title: Expression of stem cell marker and receptor kinase genes in glioblastoma tissue quantified by real-time RT-PCR.
abstract: Glioblastoma is dependent on a specific signaling pathway to maintain its tumor phenotype. The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family mediates the multiple oncogenic growth factor receptor signaling and contributes to the pathogenesis of glioblastoma. Recently, many studies have shown that the expression of stem cell marker in glioblastoma tissue has prognostic significance, which indicates that the quantification of stem cell markers and RTK genes yields biological information about glioblastoma. In this study, we quantified RNA expression levels of stem cell markers [CD133, Nestin, BMI-1, maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), and Notch1-4] as well as RTKs (EGFR, ErbB4, VEGFR1-3, FGFR1, -2, PDGFRΑ, and PDGFRΒ) in 42 clinical samples of glioblastoma by the real-time RT-PCR method. We demonstrated that the expression of MELK is exclusively upregulated in glioblastoma tissue. Notch receptor expression is moderately upregulated and is correlated with that of VEGFR2, VEGFR3, and PDGFRβ. Unsupervised clustering identified one unique sample group that showed high expression of most of the genes analyzed. Our results suggest that quantification of these stem cell markers and RTK genes can stratify patients based on the expression profile, which might provide insight into the glioma biology in each cluster.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. kyoshimo@ns.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Xinlong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yaulei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamizo
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuga
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases