title: Endocrine pancreatic function changes after acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the impairment of pancreatic endocrine function and the associated risk factors after acute pancreatitis (AP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine patients were subjected to tests of pancreatic function after an attack of pancreatitis. The mean time after the event was 3.5 years. Pancreatic endocrine function was evaluated by fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood insulin, and C-peptide. Homeostasis model assessment was used to evaluate insulin resistance and islet β-cell function. Pancreatic exocrine function was evaluated by fecal elastase 1. Factors that could influence endocrine function were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen patients (32%) were found to have elevated FBG, whereas 5 (8%) had abnormal glycosylated hemoglobin levels. The levels of FBG, fasting blood insulin, and C-peptide were higher in patients than in controls (P < 0.01). The islet β-cell function of patients was lower than that of controls (P < 0.01), whereas insulin resistance index was higher among patients (P < 0.01). Obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes-related symptoms were found to be associated with endocrine insufficiency. Pancreatic exocrine functional impairment was found at the same time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endocrine functional impairment with insulin resistance was found in patients after AP. Obesity, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes-related symptoms increased the likelihood of developing functional impairment after AP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The 10th People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Deqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Xingpeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010186:Pancreatic Function Tests; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human