title: Serum leptin and adiponectin levels correlate with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in children with asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), a form of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), is common in children with asthma or obesity. Epidemiological studies have shown that asthma and obesity are increasing in parallel, but obesity- and adipokine-related effects on inflammation and BHR have not yet been demonstrated in the human airway.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To address the relationship between leptin and adiponectin and EIB in children with asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-five prepubertal children between the ages of 6 and 10 years were included in our study. They comprised obese with asthma (n = 19), normal weight with asthma (n = 23), obese without asthma (n = 23), and healthy (n = 20). We measured serum leptin and adiponectin levels. We also performed pulmonary function tests: baseline, postbronchodilator inhalation, methacholine inhalation, and exercise. The area under the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1))-time curve quantified the severity of EIB over a 20-minute period after exercise (AUC(20)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The obese children had significantly elevated levels of leptin and reduced levels of adiponectin. The maximum decreases in %FEV(1) and AUC(20) after exercise were positively correlated with leptin levels and negatively with serum adiponectin levels in children with asthma. The odds for having EIB were incrementally and significantly higher for children with higher levels of serum leptin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Levels of the adipocyte-derived hormones leptin and adiponectin are significantly correlated with BHR induced by exercise challenge in children with asthma. Further studies are needed to elucidate whether the changes in leptin and adiponectin levels bear a causal relationship to the EIB/BHR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University School of Medicine, 17 Haengdang-Dong, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hey-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Young-Dae
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Joo-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Ha-Baik
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D001250:Asthma, Exercise-Induced / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin; D016210:Methacholine Chloride