title: Unlocking the locked in; a need for team approach in rehabilitation of survivors with locked-in syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A stroke that affects the medulla oblongata and/or pons can result in tetra pareses and paralysis of the lower cranial nerves while other parts of the brain remain intact, thus locking the person in. The incidence and prevalence is not known. The aim of this article is to communicate the need for and benefits of a comprehensive rehabilitation and a standardized way of approaching the locked-in person.
  
  
  METHODS
  To illustrate the rehabilitation process, we present four cases to highlight the needs of the person and what is required of the team.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Communication at arrival: three persons communicated through eye movement, one by weak voice. At follow-up (1-6 years later): computer assisted communication was used by two persons, a letter board by one and 'ordinary communication' by one.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for follow-up not only to re-assess skills and needs partly owing to new technologies but also to see whether the person needs more assistance to adapt to the alternative means of communication or whether the carers of the person need extra information about communication. We conclude that the low incidence of the syndrome necessitates a skilled team in which different professionals can together assess the person. This probably requires some centralization.
authors.affiliation: Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schjolberg
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Sunnerhagen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020526:Brain Stem Infarctions / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000592:standards*; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D019145:Rehabilitation Nursing / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*