title: Detections of eleven organophosphorus insecticides and one herbicide threatening Pacific salmonids, Oncorhynchus spp., in California, 1991-2010.
abstract: California's surface water monitoring results from 1991 through 2010 were analyzed to determine whether 12 organophosphorus insecticides and herbicides (i.e., azinphos methyl, bensulide, dimethoate, disulfoton, ethoprop, fenamiphos, methamidophos, methidathion, methyl parathion, naled, phorate, and phosmet) and their degradates have been detected above maximum concentration limits (MCLs) in Pacific salmonid habitats. Methidathion, methyl parathion, phorate, phosmet, and the oxygen analogue of naled (DDVP) detections exceeded MCLs. Methyl parathion detections may be accounted for by monthly use trends, while methidathion detections may be explained by yearly use trends. There were inadequate phorate, phosmet, or DDVP data to evaluate for correlations with use.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Monitoring Branch, Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, 1001 I Street, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA. elisker@cdpr.ca.gov
authors.forename: Emily B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Lisker
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ensminger
authors.forename: Sheryl L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Kean S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002140:California; D004222:Disulfoton / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008743:Methyl Parathion / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D017683:Oncorhynchus / Q000378:metabolism*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D063086:Organothiophosphates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010702:Phorate / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
chemical_list: D004222:Disulfoton; D006540:Herbicides; D007306:Insecticides; D008743:Methyl Parathion; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D063086:Organothiophosphates; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010702:Phorate; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C001182:ethoprop; C014655:methamidophos; C001847:bensulide; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides; C002698:fenamiphos; C005828:methidathion