title: Visualizing the future: enhancing neuroimaging with nanotechnology.
abstract: Advancements in imaging of the central nervous system have paralleled and propelled neurosurgical practice. These technologic innovations have expanded our understanding of neuroanatomy and neuropathology, helping to refine neurosurgical techniques to be more precise and less invasive. Nanotechnology will play a significant role in the next wave of technology that will continue to improve neurosurgical practice. With specific regard to neuroimaging, nanotechnology has the potential to provide more precise resolution when imaging nervous system malignancies. Nanoparticles may be engineered to noninvasively visualize pathology once found only under a microscope. They will enhance our ability to target new disease processes and thus develop more precise surgical and nonsurgical treatments. This article will discuss the background of nanotechnology's use in imaging of the nervous system, its current status, and future potentials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA. jwiner@usc.edu
authors.forename: Jesse L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Winer
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Charles Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Michael L J
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Apuzzo
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000639:trends*; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000639:trends; D008280:Magnetics; D053758:Nanoparticles; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000639:trends*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology; D011859:Radiography; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000379:methods; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide