title: Expression of root glutamate dehydrogenase genes in tobacco plants subjected to boron deprivation.
abstract: Recently it has been reported that boron (B) deficiency increases the expression of Nicotiana tabacum asparagine synthetase (AS) gene in roots, and that AS might play a main role as a detoxifying mechanism to convert ammonium into asparagine. Interestingly, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) genes, Ntgdh-NAD;A1 and Ntgdh-NAD;B2, were up-regulated when tobacco roots were subjected to B deprivation for 8 and 24 h. In addition, aminating and deaminating GDH (EC 1.4.1.2) activities were higher in B-deficient than in B-sufficient plants after 24 h of B deficiency. Ammonium concentrations were kept sufficiently low and with similar values in B-deficient roots when compared to control. Glucose and fructose contents decreased after 24 h of B deprivation. This drop in hexoses, which was corroborated by metabolomic analysis, correlated with higher GDH gene expression. Furthermore, metabolomic profiling showed that concentrations of several organic acids, phenolics, and amino acids increased after 24 h of B deficiency. Our results suggest that GDH enzyme plays an important role in metabolic acclimation of tobacco roots to B deprivation. A putative model to explain these results is proposed and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Anatomía y Biología Celular, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, E-41013 Sevilla, Spain. vmbeagal@upo.es
authors.forename: Víctor M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Beato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teresa Navarro-Gochicoa
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rexach
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Begoña Herrera-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Camacho-Cristóbal
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kempa
authors.forename: Wolfram
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weckwerth
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Fontes
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D064751:Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001895:Boron / Q000378:metabolism*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055432:Metabolomics; D008954:Models, Biological; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D064751:Ammonium Compounds; D002241:Carbohydrates; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009566:Nitrates; D010636:Phenols; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018749:RNA, Plant; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; D001895:Boron