title: Pain severity, satisfaction with pain management, and patient-related barriers to pain management in patients with cancer in Israel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine pain severity, satisfaction with pain management, and patient-related barriers to pain management among patients with cancer in oncology units at a teaching hospital in Israel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oncology, hematology, and bone marrow trans-plantation (BMT) departments; oncology, hematology, and BMT daycare units; and a radiation department in an Israeli hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonprobability convenience sample (N=144) of ambulatory (n=76) and hospitalized (n=68) patients experiencing pain in the past 24 hours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had experienced pain in the past 24 hours completed the Revised American Pain Society-Patient Outcome Questionnaire, the Barriers Questionnaire-Short Form, and a demographic data questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pain severity, satisfaction with pain management, and patient-related barriers to pain management.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant inverse relationship was observed between patients' pain severity and their expectation of pain relief. Less-educated patients had significantly higher pain severity scores. Ambulatory patients waited longer for their pain medication than hospitalized patients. The greatest barriers to pain control were fear of addiction and the notion that medication should be saved in case the pain gets worse. In addition, ambulatory patients had higher pain barrier scores than hospitalized patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between pain severity and the expectations of patients with cancer regarding pain relief indicate that patients' expected outcomes and barriers may impede optimal pain relief. This study also identified areas of possible weakness within the hospital's pain palliation program.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses should assess for patients' expectations and barriers that could impede pain relief and provide appropriate interventions.
authors.affiliation: Oncology Nursing Service of Hadassah Medical Organization, Jerusalem, Israel. pninan@hadassah.org.il
authors.forename: Pnina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Naveh
authors.forename: Rinati
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leshem
authors.forename: Yossi Freier
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Dror
authors.forename: Catherine F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Musgrave
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000451:nursing; D009859:Oncology Nursing; D016522:Oncology Service, Hospital; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics