title: Current applications of molecular imaging and luminescence-based techniques in traditional Chinese medicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is fundamentally different from Western medicine, has been widely investigated using various approaches. Cellular- or molecular-based imaging has been used to investigate and illuminate the various challenges identified and progress made using therapeutic methods in TCM. Insight into the processes of TCM at the cellular and molecular changes and the ability to image these processes will enhance our understanding of various diseases of TCM and will provide new tools to diagnose and treat patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Various TCM therapies including herbs and formulations, acupuncture and moxibustion, massage, Gua Sha, and diet therapy have been analyzed using positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound and optical imaging. These imaging tools have kept pace with developments in molecular biology, nuclear medicine, and computer technology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We provide an overview of recent developments in demystifying ancient knowledge - like the power of energy flow and blood flow meridians, and serial naturopathies - which are essential to visually and vividly recognize the body using modern technology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In TCM, treatment can be individualized in a holistic or systematic view that is consistent with molecular imaging technologies. Future studies might include using molecular imaging in conjunction with TCM to easily diagnose or monitor patients naturally and noninvasively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Jinhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Haitong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy; D004035:Diet Therapy; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008405:Massage; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000379:methods; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D009071:Moxibustion; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal