title: Particle emission from heavy-duty engine fuelled with blended diesel and biodiesel.
abstract: In this study, particulate matter (PM) were characterized from a place impacted by heavy-duty vehicles (Bus Station) fuelled with diesel/biodiesel fuel blend (B3) in the city of Londrina, Brazil. Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) concentrations were analyzed in the samples by their association with atmospheric PM, mass size distributions and major ions (fluorite, chloride, bromide, nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, nitrite, oxalate; fumarate, formate, succinate and acetate; lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and ammonium). Results indicate that major ions represented 21.2% particulate matter mass. Nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium, respectively, presented the highest concentration levels, indicating that biodiesel may also be a significant source for these ions, especially nitrate. Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene and indeno[1,2,3,-cd]pyrene were the main PAH found, and a higher fraction of PAH particles was found in diameters lower than 0.25 μm in Londrina bus station. The fine and ultrafine particles were dominant among the PM evaluated, suggesting that biodiesel decreases the total PAH emission. However, it does also increase the fraction of fine and ultrafine particles when compared to diesel.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, 86051-990, Londrina, Brazil. leilamartins@utfpr.edu.br
authors.forename: Leila Droprinchinski
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Carlos Roberto
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: da Silva Júnior
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Solci
authors.forename: Jurandir Pereira
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Davi Zacarias
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Pérola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vasconcellos
authors.forename: Aline Lefol Nani
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Guarieiro
authors.forename: Lílian Lefol Nani
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Guarieiro
authors.forename: Eliane Teixeira
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: Jailson B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: de Andrade
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D056804:Biofuels; D005742:Gasoline; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D056804:Biofuels; D005742:Gasoline; D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D001335:Vehicle Emissions