title: [Quality of life in patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy and circular stapled cervical esophagogastric anastomosis via retrosternal route].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) in patients with esophageal carcinoma after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy and circular stapled cervical esophagogastric anastomosis via retrosternal route or three-incision open surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 63 patients with middle-upper esophageal carcinoma who underwent radical surgical resection from January 2009 to October 2010 were enrolled in this study. Thirty-three patients underwent combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery and 30 three-incision open surgery. The EORTC questionnaire QLQ-C30 and QLQ-OES18 were used to evaluate the QOL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in the clinical data between the two groups except for anastomosis method(P>0.05). In the endoscopy group, there was one patient developed anastomotic leakage(3.0%, 1/33), 1 postoperative wound infection in the neck (3.0%, 1/33), and 1 anastomotic stricture(3.0%, 1/33). In the open group, 8 patients had anastomotic leakage (26.7%, 8/30), 2 had anastomotic stricture (6.7%, 2/30), 1 had wound infection in the neck (3.3%, 1/30), and 6 had pulmonary infection (20.0%, 6/30). All the complications were managed by conservative treatment. The two groups differed in dysphagia, food intake, pain, obstruction, dyspnea, anorexia, fatigue, financial condition, physical function, role function, emotional function, cognitive function, social function and global health level and were more favorable in the endoscopy group(P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the other dimensions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The postoperative complication rate is low after thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy. Stapled anastomosis is associated with lower rate of anastomotic leak. QOL is better in patients following thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy as compared to those following three-incision open surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Yu-bing
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rui-jun
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Ya-juan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Wu-jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xi-yao
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Su-e
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery; D013906:Thoracoscopy