title: Increased urethral resistance by periurethral injection of low serum cultured adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of a periurethral injection of low serum cultured adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (LASC) and to develop a new autologous cell therapy for stress urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  F344 rats were divided into three groups as based on the periurethral injection of LASC, GAX collagen or vehicle (control). At 2 and 4 weeks after injection, leak point pressure (LPP) was measured before and after transection of the pelvic nerves. For cell tracking, LASC of green fluorescent protein transgenic rats were injected into nude rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 2 weeks, both the LASC and collagen groups showed significantly higher LPP than the control group. At 4 weeks, the increase in LPP in the LASC group remained, whereas LPP in the collagen group decreased to baseline levels. In the absence of the urethral closure reflex after transection of the pelvic nerves, LPP in the LASC group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups. Histologically, the size of the urethral lumen was smaller in the LASC group than the collagen group. At 4 weeks, most of the LASC were positive for myogenic antigens including α-smooth muscle actin, desmin and calponin I.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periurethral injection of autologous LASC capable of myogenic differentiation made a greater contribution to the increase in urethral resistance than did the conventional collagen bulk injection. Thus, its use for treatment of stress urinary incontinence can be postulated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuhito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Tokunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kamo
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saka
authors.forename: Takenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuzawa
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Momokazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gotoh
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D003714:Denervation; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011923:Rats, Nude; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D014521:Urethra / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D003094:Collagen