title: Difficulties diagnosing psychiatric paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with a psychiatric history: a patient with secondary mania and renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterised by lack of early warning signs. The classic triad (palpable mass, haematuria and flank pain) occurs in less than 15% of cases and paraneoplastic syndromes develop in 10-40%, often preceding the detection of the neoplasm. This report describes a 51-year-old woman who displayed manic symptomatology and was investigated due to anaemia. RCC was diagnosed and her psychiatric symptomatology remitted after the nephrectomy.
authors.affiliation: Worcester Mental Health Partnership Trust, Adult Psychiatry, Touchstone Centre, 41 Geraldine Road, Worcester, Worcestershire WR14 3NT, UK.
authors.forename: Romina Lopez
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gaston
authors.forename: Lenia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Constantine