title: Prospective study of Kawasaki disease complications: review of 115 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To draw attention to complications that might arise in any Kawasaki disease (KD) stage, risk factors contributing to the onset of complications and possible transient or permanent disease sequelae.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study (clinical cohort) conducted between April 2002 and April 2009 of 115 patients with KD admitted to the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic of the General Hospital of the Federal District, Brazil. All patients were sequentially assessed with clinical and laboratory examinations, Doppler echocardiography, imitanciometry, auditory evoked potentials, psychological evaluation, ophthalmologic examination and, in one patient with chorea, cerebral magnetic resonance angiography. In all patients, a questionnaire assessing the possible presence of cognitive, emotional, behavioral and social disorders was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five patients (21.7%) had coronary aneurisms. Thirty eight patients (33%) had a sensorineural auditory loss during the acute and subacute phases of the disease and 13 patients (11.3%) maintained the auditory loss six months after the first assessment. Other complications observed were as follows: facial palsy in one patient (0.9%), ataxia in acute and subacute phases in 11 (9.5%); 15 patients had ophthalmologic complications (13.2%), with uveitis in 13, papilledema in one patient, and conjunctival hemorrhage in another patient. One patient experienced chorea (0.9%), with a magnetic resonance angiography showing changes consistent with cerebral ischemia. In one patient, a thoracic aorta aneurism was found (0.9%) and another patient had a necrotizing vasculitis progressing to peripheral gangrene and tongue tip loss (0.9%). Behavioral changes over convalescence were observed in 23 children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KD may progress with several complications even within months of the disease acute phase, eventually resulting in permanent sequelae. The earlier the diagnosis and therapeutic intervention with IV IgG administration are, the lower will be the occurrence of complications; the presence of thrombocytosis, anemia and elevated and extended inflammatory activity are risk factors for complication arising.
authors.affiliation: Unidade de Reumatologia Pediátrica, Hospital de Base de Brasília, Brasília.
authors.forename: Natália Ribeiro de M
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Cristina Medeiros R de
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: Roseane de Fátima R
authors.initials: Rde F
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Regina Cândido R Dos
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Lenora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gandolfi
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pratesi
mesh_terms: D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000209:etiology; D001259:Ataxia / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003323:Coronary Aneurysm / Q000209:etiology; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors