title: Direct assessment of the antioxidant properties of midazolam by electron spin resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: Some antioxidant anesthetics directly inhibit lipid peroxidation mediated via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To date, the scavenging effects of midazolam on ROS have not been directly assessed. We investigated the inhibitory effect of midazolam on ROS [hydroxyl radical (HO(·)) and superoxide (O                            (2)                                      (·-)                         )] by in vitro X-band electron spin resonance with the spin-trapping agent 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide. Our results indicated that HO(·) and O                            (2)                                      (·-)                          were not affected by midazolam at clinically relevant concentrations, but were directly scavenged by midazolam at high concentrations (i.e., >4.6 and >1.5 mM, respectively).
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and ESR Laboratories, Department of Clinical Care Medicine, Kanagawa Dental College, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Kyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Ayaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Shuta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Fumiaki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tokutomi
authors.forename: Yojiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maehata
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wada-Takahashi
authors.forename: Shun-Suke
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Kazu-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Masaichi-Chang-Il
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D008874:Midazolam / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019097:Spin Trapping / Q000379:methods; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C017245:5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008874:Midazolam