title: Identification of new ozonation disinfection byproducts of 17β-estradiol and estrone in water.
abstract: Estrogens are a class of micro-pollutants found in water at low concentrations (in the ng L(-1) range), but often sufficient to exert estrogenic effects due to their high estrogenic potency. Disinfection of waters containing estrogens through oxidative processes has been shown to lead to the formation of disinfection byproducts, which may also be estrogenic. The present work investigates the formation of disinfection byproducts of 17β-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) in the treatment of water with ozone. Experiments have been carried out at two different concentrations of the estrogens in ground water (100 ng L(-1) and 100 μg L(-1)) and at varying ozone dosages (0-30 mg L(-1)). Detection of the estrogens and their disinfection byproducts in the water samples has been performed by means of ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) with a triple quadrupole (QqQ) and a quadrupole-time of flight (QqTOF) instrument. Both E2 and E1 have been found to form two main byproducts, with molecular mass (MM) 288 and 278 in the case of E2, and 286 and 276 in the case of E1, following presumably the same reaction pathways. The E2 byproduct with MM 288 has been identified as 10 epsilon-17beta-dihydroxy-1,4-estradieno-3-one (DEO), in agreement with previously published results. The molecular structures and the formation pathways of the other three newly identified byproducts have been suggested. These byproducts have been found to be formed at both high and low concentrations of the estrogens and to be persistent even after application of high ozone dosages.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. pereira.or@gmail.com
authors.forename: Renata de Oliveira
authors.initials: Rde O
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Miren Lopez
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: de Alda
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joglar
authors.forename: Luiz Antonio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: Damià
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barceló
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D004958:Estradiol / Q000737:chemistry*; D004970:Estrone / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol; D010126:Ozone