title: Neck skin rejuvenation: histological and clinical changes after combined therapy with a fractional non-ablative laser and stabilized hyaluronic acid-based gel of non-animal origin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The laser Affirm™ (LA) is a microthermal, non-ablative fractional laser used for skin rejuvenation. Restylane Vital™ Light (RVL) in the Restylane® Injector, a formulation of stabilized hyaluronic acid-based gel of non-animal origin, is indicated for rejuvenation of delicate skin.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the interaction between the LA and RVL in aging skin of the neck using clinical and histological parameters, and to determine whether combined therapy is effective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine female patients aged 42-62 years received four treatments, each comprising RVL followed immediately by LA treatment. Photographs and skin biopsies were taken before treatment, after the fourth session and 1 month later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improvements in fine wrinkles, tightness and skin texture were observed. Histologic evaluations showed favourable changes in cellularity, collagen and elastic fibres. Laser-induced effects (400 μm) and an inflammatory reaction (1000 μm) were seen. RVL was present at the mid-deep dermis (1000-1500 μm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined treatment with the LA and RVL improved skin appearance and structure as assessed, for the first time, with histology. The LA produced epidermal and superficial dermal changes whereas RVL acted deeper, together treating the full skin thickness.
authors.affiliation: Ribé Clinic (Dermo Laser Technology), Barcelona, Spain. aribe@institutnataliaribe.com
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribé
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ribé
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck; D012060:Rejuvenation; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; C445361:Restylane