title: Screening of factors influencing Cu(II) extraction by soybean oil-based organic solvents using fractional factorial design.
abstract: This study aimed to identify the significant factors that give large effects on the efficiency of Cu(II) extraction from aqueous solutions by soybean oil-based organic solvents using fractional factorial design. Six factors (mixing time (t), di-2-ethylhexylphosphoric acid concentration ([D2EHPA]), organic to aqueous phase ratio (O:A), sodium sulfate concentration ([Na(2)SO(4)]), equilibrium pH (pH(eq)) and tributylphosphate concentration ([TBP])) affecting the percentage extraction (%E) of Cu(II) were investigated. A 2(6-1) fractional factorial design was applied and the results were analyzed statistically. The results show that only [D2EHPA], pH(eq) and their second-order interaction ([D2EHPA] × pH(eq)) influenced the %E significantly. Regression models for %E were developed and the adequacy of the reduced model was examined. The results of this study indicate that fractional factorial design is a useful tool for screening a large number of variables and reducing the number of experiments.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia, 13500 Permatang Pauh, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siu Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Tjoon Tow
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Norli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003300:Copper; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; D013024:Soybean Oil; D013431:Sulfates; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; D013431:Sulfates; D014867:Water; C012036:sodium sulfate; D003300:Copper; D013024:Soybean Oil