title: Effect of copper on morphology, weight, and chromosomal aberrations in the spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758).
abstract: Spiny lobster Panulirus homarus which had been exposed to cupric ion at 9.55 and 19.1 μg/l for 28 days was examined for sub-lethal effects including morphology, wet weight, and induced genotoxic effect on the chromosome. Following cupric exposure, the color of lobster P. homarus changed from yellowish-brown to greenish black in the hepatopancreas, changed from normal creamy white to yellowish white in the muscle, and changed to greenish black in the gill. A significant change in the percentage of wet weight of muscle (28.70 ± 0.41-23.47 ± 0.45), hepatopancreas (4.03 ± 0.12-2.63 ± 0.17), and gills (3.63 ± 0.45-3.87 ± 0.12) were observed in the copper-treated lobsters. The diploid number of chromosomes of P. homarus was over 200 metaphases from ten lobsters, as 2n = 58, and consisted of 16 acrocentric, seven metacentric, and six sub-metacentric chromosomes. The lobsters exposed to cupric ion at 9.55 and 19.1 μg/l showed different types of chromosomal aberrations such as centromeric gaps, chromatid breaks, centromeric fusion, stickiness, ring chromosomes, and acrocentric association region. The frequency of aberrations increased with duration of exposure. In conclusion, it was suggested that cupric ion interacts with the spindle formation and consequently distorts the normal karyomorphology, indicating cytogenetic effect on lobster.
authors.affiliation: PG and Research Department of Zoology, Khadir Mohideen College, Adirampattinam, 614 701, Thanjavur Dist., Tamil Nadu, India. athimaha@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maharajan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vaseeharan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajalakshmi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijayakumaran
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumarasamy
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003116:Color; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D019327:Copper Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity; D005121:Extremities / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D005880:Gills / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D059785:Karyotype; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009132:Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D009153:Mutagens; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D033521:Palinuridae / Q000378:metabolism*; D012623:Seawater
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D003300:Copper; D019327:Copper Sulfate