title: Biomaterial selection for tooth regeneration.
abstract: Biomaterials are native or synthetic polymers that act as carriers for drug delivery or scaffolds for tissue regeneration. When implanted in vivo, biomaterials should be nontoxic and exert intended functions. For tooth regeneration, biomaterials have primarily served as a scaffold for (1) transplanted stem cells and/or (2) recruitment of endogenous stem cells. This article critically synthesizes our knowledge of biomaterial use in tooth regeneration, including the selection of native and/or synthetic polymers, three-dimensional scaffold fabrication, stem cell transplantation, and stem cell homing. A tooth is a complex biological organ. Tooth loss represents the most common organ failure. Tooth regeneration encompasses not only regrowth of an entire tooth as an organ, but also biological restoration of individual components of the tooth including enamel, dentin, cementum, or dental pulp. Regeneration of tooth root represents perhaps more near-term opportunities than the regeneration of the whole tooth. In the adult, a tooth owes its biological vitality, arguably more, to the root than the crown. Biomaterials are indispensible for the regeneration of tooth root, tooth crown, dental pulp, or an entire tooth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Zhenglin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Hemin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chang Hun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Susan Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jeremy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials