title: A national cohort study of MD-PhD graduates of medical schools with and without funding from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences' Medical Scientist Training Program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether prematriculation characteristics and career-setting preferences of MD-PhD graduates differ according to their schools' funding from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences' Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP).
  
  
  METHODS
  The Association of American Medical Colleges provided deidentified records for the national cohort of all 1993-2000 U.S. medical school matriculants, 3,180 of whom graduated with dual MD-PhD degrees by March 2, 2009. The authors examined prematriculation characteristics, educational outcomes, and career-setting preferences at graduation in association with MD-PhD program graduation from schools with long-standing MSTP-funded, recent MSTP-funded, and non-MSTP-funded programs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 3,142 MD-PhD graduates with prematriculation data, 30% were women and 36% were nonwhite. Graduates from long-standing MSTP-funded schools (63% of 3,142 graduates) composed a more highly selective group academically (based on Medical College Admission Test scores) than did graduates from recent MSTP-funded (6%) and non-MSTP-funded schools (31%). Women and nonwhite graduates were more likely to have graduated from long-standing MSTP-funded schools. Controlling for MSTP funding and other variables, graduates with total debt of $100,000 or more were more likely to indicate non-research-related career-setting preferences (nonuniversity clinical practice: odds ratio [OR] 3.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.86-6.87; undecided/other: OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.29-3.60). Neither gender nor race/ethnicity was independently associated with graduates' career-setting preferences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women and nonwhite MD-PhD graduates more likely graduated from long-standing MSTP than non-MSTP-funded schools. Controlling for institutional MSTP funding, MD-PhD graduates with high debt were more likely to indicate non-research-related career-setting preferences.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Behavior Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. djeffe@dom.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Donna B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Jeffe
authors.forename: Dorothy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Andriole
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education*; D002321:Career Choice; D015510:Clinical Medicine / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054587:National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U.S.); D012577:Schools, Medical / Q000191:economics*; D014146:Training Support; D014481:United States