title: The structure of personality disorders: comparing the DSM-IV-TR Axis II classification with the five-factor model framework using structural equation modeling.
abstract: Earlier factor analytical studies on the empirical validity of the DSM-IV-TR (American Psychological Association, 2000) Axis II classification have offered little support for the current three-cluster structure. In his large-scale meta-analysis of previously published personality disorder correlation matrices, O'Connor (2005) found four factors, corresponding to the neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness domains of the five-factor model of personality. In the present study, this dimensional four-factor model and the categorical DSM three-cluster structure were fitted to the Assessment of DSM-IV Personality Disorders questionnaire (ADP-IV; Schotte & De Doncker, 1994) scale scores using structural equation modelling. The results strongly favored the dimensional model, which also resembled other well-founded four-factor proposals (Livesley, Jang, & Vernon, 1998; Widiger & Simonsen, 2005). Moreover, a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis showed that this model was highly invariant and thus generalizable across two large clinical (n = 1,029) and general population (n = 659) samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Lifespan Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. Leen.Bastiaansen@vub.ac.be
authors.forename: Leen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bastiaansen
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Christiaan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schotte
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Fruyt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009426:Netherlands; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics; D055815:Young Adult