title: [Surgical results of unilateral recession-resection for intermittent exotropia in children: multicenter study in Japan].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To survey the surgical results of unilateral recession-resection surgery for intermittent exotropia of children through a multicenter study in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was performed at 6 Japanese hospitals. A total of 377 patients who underwent the first surgery of unilateral recession-resection, at the ages of 4 to 12 years with a follow-up of more than 3 years were included. Those who had amblyopia or vertical deviation were excluded. Ocular deviations before and after surgery, type of exotropia, the age at surgery and the size of the surgical operations were studied. The change in deviation by surgery (surgical effect; PD/mm) and final deviation between 15PD exodeviation and 10 PD esodeviation was categorized as a cure. Factors affecting to the cure were statistically evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average age at surgery was 6.7 years, the average of preoperative deviation was 31.6 PD and the average size of surgery (recession + resection) was 11.1 mm. The surgical effect and the preoperative deviation were positively related. Two hundred and sixty cases among the 377 cases (69.0%) were determined as being cured. Preoperative deviation of less than 30 PD (p = 0.02) and one-week postoperative esodeviation (p < 0.001) were significantly related to the cure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The distribution of surgical age and preoperative deviation of intermittent extropia of children were elucidated. Preoperative deviation under 30PD and esodeviation (overcorrection) at one-week postoperative time were significantly related to the cure.
authors.affiliation: Eye Department, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, 840 Murodo-cho, Izumi-shi, Osaka-fu 594-1101, Japan. hatsu@mch.pref.osaka.jp
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hatsukawa
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sugasawa
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Teiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yagasaki
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujikado
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirano
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005099:Exotropia / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome