title: Human endogenous retrovirus transcription profiles of the kidney and kidney-derived cell lines.
abstract: The human genome comprises approximately 8-9 % of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) that are transcribed with tissue specificity. However, relatively few organs have been examined in detail for individual differences in HERV transcription pattern, nor have tissue-to-cell culture comparisons been frequently performed. Using an HERV-specific DNA microarray, a core HERV transcription profile was established for the human kidney comparing 10 tissue samples. This core represents HERV groups expressed uniformly or nearly so in non-tumour kidney tissue. The profiles obtained from non-tumour tissues were compared to 10 renal tumour tissues (renal cell carcinoma, RCC) derived from the same individuals and additionally, to 22 RCC cell lines. No RCC cell line or tumour-specific differences were observed, suggesting that HERV transcription is not altered in RCC. However, when comparing tissue transcription to cell line transcription, there were consistent differences. The differences were irrespective of cancer state and included cell lines derived from non-tumour kidney tissue, suggesting that a specific alteration of HERV transcription occurs when establishing cell lines. In contrast to previous publications, all known HERV-derived tumour antigens, including those identified in RCC, were expressed both in multiple RCC cell lines and several non-tumour tissue-derived cell lines, a result that contrasts with findings from patient samples. The results establish the core kidney transcription pattern of HERVs and reveal differences between cell culture lines and tissue samples.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haupt
authors.affiliation: Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tisdale
authors.affiliation: Institute of Toxicology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vincendeau
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Clements
authors.affiliation: Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lance
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
authors.forename: O John
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Semmes
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turqueti-Neves
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Marchioninistrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Elfriede
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Noessner
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic III, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68169 Mannheim, Germany.|Institute of Virology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leib-Mösch
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany.|Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.|Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
authors.forename: Alex D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Greenwood
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000821:virology*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000821:virology; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic