title: Features and outcomes of neonatal neuroblastoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neonatal neuroblastoma (NNBL) is a rare tumour with few reported cases in the literature. The prognosis of NNBL is unclear with reported survival between 76 and 91%. The growing use of ante-natal ultrasound (USS) in recent years has resulted in an increasing incidence of NNBL. The purpose of this study is to review our experience with incidence, clinical features and outcome of NNBL in those children diagnosed ante-natally compared to those diagnosed post-natally.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve cases of NNBL were detected ante-natally or in the neonatal period (0-28 days) from a cohort of 120 children diagnosed with neuroblastoma (10%) over a 10-year period at the study institutions. Review of these 12 children forms the basis of this report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ante-natal diagnosis (ADNB) was made in six children (50%) and post-natal diagnosis (PDNB) in six (50%). Tumour site in both cohorts were predominantly adrenal and tumour staging was similar in both groups. There was no difference in outcome in ADNB compared to PDNB with overall 100% survival for the entire group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NNBL is a subset of neuroblastoma with apparent excellent outcome irrespective of the time of diagnosis. Clinical features and outcomes of ADNB are no different to PDNB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Hunter Region Mail Centre, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kostyrka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Soundappan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cassey
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alvaro
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dalla Pozza
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal