title: [Targeting the RAS signalling pathway in cancer].
abstract: RAS proteins are among the first proteins to demonstrate a crucial implication in the cell cycle regulation. The RAS signalling pathway plays a key role in the regulation of cell cycle through the activation of numerous downstream pathways including the RAF/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAL and PKC pathways. These pathways are involved in gene transcription, regulation of cell survival and angiogenesis. As the RAS signalling pathway was shown to be altered in several cancers, molecularly targeted agents that trigger various components of this pathway have been evaluated in clinical practice. This paper first reviews the regulation processes of the RAS protein in cancer, as well as RAS downstream main signalling pathways. Therapeutic approaches to target RAS or some of its effectors are then detailed. Finally, the ability of RAS mutations to predict response to EGFR-targeting agents is discussed in the context of colorectal and lung cancers.
authors.affiliation: CHU de Besançon, département d'oncologie médicale, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mansi
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Viel
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Curtit
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Medioni
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Tourneau
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D051231:Farnesyltranstransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009154:Mutation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000077157:Sorafenib; D048490:raf Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib; D051231:Farnesyltranstransferase; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D048490:raf Kinases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins