title: Multiple paraneoplastic syndromes: myasthenia gravis, vitiligo, alopecia areata, and oral lichen planus associated with thymoma.
abstract: Thymomas are associated with paraneoplastic autoimmune diseases at a high frequency. It is rare that four paraneoplastic autoimmune disorders co-occur in a single patient. We describe a thymoma patient with diagnoses of myasthenia gravis, vitiligo, alopecia areata, and oral lichen planus associated with a thymoma. After thymectomy, the weakness, vitiligo, alopecia and mucocutaneous lesions were improving progressively, possibly implicating the thymoma in initiating these autoimmune conditions. We believe that this is the first report of this particular combination of multiple paraneoplastic syndromes associated with thymoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Guangan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yingguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Dingxian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000506:Alopecia Areata / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D013945:Thymoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*