title: Development and in vitro studies of a polyethylene terephthalate-gold nanoparticle scaffold for improved biocompatibility.
abstract: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) mesh is one of the most commonly used synthetic biomaterials for tension-free hernia repair. In an effort to improve the biocompatibility of PET mesh, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) in various concentrations were conjugated to the PET surface to develop PET-AuNP scaffolds. These novel scaffolds were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to assess the addition of functional groups, presence of AuNPs, and thermal stability of the modified PET mesh, respectively. The biocompatibility of the PET-AuNP scaffolds was evaluated through in vitro cell culture assays. The cellularity of cells exposed to the PET-AuNP scaffolds, as well as the scaffolds' ability to reduce reactive oxygen species, was assessed using L929 murine fibroblasts. Antimicrobial properties of AuNPs conjugated to PET mesh were tested against the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results from the FT-IR showed presence of COOH groups while SEM displayed bonding of AuNPs to the PET surface. DSC results indicated that the PET more than likely did not undergo any detrimental degradation due to the surface modification. Results from the in vitro studies showed that AuNPs, in optimal concentrations (1× concentrations), enhanced cellularity, reduced ROS, and reduced bacteria adhesion to PET. These studies demonstrated enhanced biocompatibility of the AuNP conjugated PET mesh over pristine PET mesh.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Ona E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Whelove
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cozad
authors.forename: Byung-Doo
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shramik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sengupta
authors.forename: Sharon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bachman
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ramshaw
authors.forename: Sheila A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002460:Cell Line; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D059685:Herniorrhaphy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006046:Gold