title: Size limits the formation of liquid jets during bubble bursting.
abstract: A bubble reaching an air-liquid interface usually bursts and forms a liquid jet. Jetting is relevant to climate and health as it is a source of aerosol droplets from breaking waves. Jetting has been observed for large bubbles with radii of R≫100 μm. However, few studies have been devoted to small bubbles (R<100 μm) despite the entrainment of a large number of such bubbles in sea water. Here we show that jet formation is inhibited by bubble size; a jet is not formed during bursting for bubbles smaller than a critical size. Using ultrafast X-ray and optical imaging methods, we build a phase diagram for jetting and the absence of jetting. Our results demonstrate that jetting in bubble bursting is analogous to pinching-off in liquid coalescence. The coalescence mechanism for bubble bursting may be useful in preventing jet formation in industry and improving climate models concerning aerosol production.
authors.affiliation: X-ray Imaging Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji San
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byung Mook
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Weon
authors.forename: Su Ji
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jung Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Je
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fezzaa
authors.forename: Wah-Keat
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D044085:Microfluidics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D017356:Synchrotrons
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols