title: Effectiveness of regular reporting of spirometric results combined with a smoking cessation advice by a primary care physician on smoking quit rate in adult smokers: a randomized controlled trial. ESPIROTAB study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Undiagnosed airflow limitation is common in the general population and is associated with impaired health and functional status. Smoking is the most important risk factor for this condition. Although primary care practitioners see most adult smokers, few currently have spirometers or regularly order spirometry tests in these patients. Brief medical advice has shown to be effective in modifying smoking habits in a large number of smokers but only a small proportion remain abstinent after one year. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of regular reporting of spirometric results combined with a smoking cessation advice by a primary care physician on smoking quit rate in adult smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intervention study with a randomized two arms in 5 primary care centres. A total of 485 smokers over the age of 18 years consulting their primary care physician will be recruited.On the selection visit all participants will undergo a spirometry, peak expiratory flow rate, test of smoking dependence, test of motivation for giving up smoking and a questionnaire on socio-demographic data. Thereafter an appointment will be made to give the participants brief structured advice to give up smoking combined with a detailed discussion on the results of the spirometry. After this, the patients will be randomised and given appointment for follow up visits at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Both arms will receive brief structured advice and a detailed discussion of the spirometry results at visit 0. The control group will only be given brief structured advice about giving up smoking on the follow up. Cessation of smoking will be tested with the carbon monoxide test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early identification of functional pulmonary abnormalities in asymptomatic patients or in those with little respiratory symptomatology may provide "ideal educational opportunities". These opportunities may increase the success of efforts to give up smoking and may improve the opportunities of other preventive actions to minimise patient risk. Comparing adult smokers in the intervention group with those in the control group, a minimum improvement expected with respect to the rates of smoking cessation would represent a large number of avoided morbimortality.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01296295.
authors.affiliation: Primary Healthcare Centre Canet de Mar, Catalan Health Institute, Canet de Mar (Barcelona), Spain. mrodriguez.bnm.ics@gencat.cat
authors.forename: Mar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Alvarez
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torán-Monserrat
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Ortiz
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Negrete-Palma
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Montero-Alia
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiménez-González
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zurilla-Leonarte
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marina-Ortega
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olle-Borque
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valentin-Moya
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortada-Cabrera
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tena-Domingo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martínez-González
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vila-Palau
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramos-Ordoñez
authors.forename: Guida
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rotllant-Estelrich
authors.forename: Carme
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forcada-Vega
authors.forename: Eulàlia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borrell-Thió
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D037001:Directive Counseling; D006801:Humans; D011320:Primary Health Care; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013147:Spirometry