title: Marketing of patent medicines in the nineteenth century via a corkscrew medicine spoon.
abstract: The C. T. Williamson spoon with manufactured products from a pharmaceutical company engraved on the bowl of the spoon is one of the earliest examples of a manufacturer marketing products via a drug delivery device. The Burroughs, Wellcome and Company, a British corporation using initially an American patented, and later a British patented, Williamson corkscrew spoon marketed British manufactured medicinal products in the U.S. and England to physicians and pharmacists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Other corkscrew spoons were manufactured in this era without product specific notations contained on the spoons. 40 These corkscrew spoons, such as the Williamson and Noe patented apparatuses, helped patients in more easily consuming liquid medications. They also were items potentially favored by physicians and pharmacists for patient's pro- vided liquid medications. Finally, they allowed patients to open corked containers, consume liquid dosage amounts, and hopefully more appropriately comply with necessary regimens in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Not surprisingly, Burroughs, Wellcome and Company used the Williamson spoon to successfully market company products to physicians, pharmacists, and patients on several continents.
authors.affiliation: The University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA.
authors.forename: Jack E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fincham
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D004864:Equipment and Supplies / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D040541:Marketing / Q000266:history*; D010330:Patents as Topic / Q000266:history; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000266:history*
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations