title: Characterisation of protease activity in extracellular products secreted by Giardia duodenalis trophozoites treated with propolis.
abstract: Results from our laboratory revealed propolis activity on Giardia trophozoites proliferation. Since therapeutic agents can inhibit the activity of proteases related to relevant biologic and physiologic processes of parasites, this study was undertaken to characterise the proteolytic activity of excretory/secretory products (ESP) of trophozoites treated with propolis. ESP was obtained from culture supernatants of trophozoites exposed to 250 and 500 µg mL(-1) of propolis. ESP were tested in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the protein profiles and the protease activity was assayed in gelatin-containing gels. Synthetic inhibitors were used to characterise the protease classes. Treated and non-treated ESP showed a similar protein and hydrolysis pattern. A simple pattern of protein composed by five evident bands of approximately 167, 132, 79, 61 and 51 kDa was found, and the zymograms comprised hydrolysis zones distributed from >170 to 23 kDa. No inhibition was seen on protease activity of propolis-treated trophozoites, whose hydrolysis pattern was similar to control. One may conclude that both ESP degraded gelatin and the activity was predominantly due to cysteine proteases. Although propolis had no effect on the proteolytic activity, further studies could identify the active constituents responsible for propolis antigiardial activity and their mechanisms of action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Biosciences Institute, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Erica Boarato
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Thaís Batista
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Clarisse Maria Boni de
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Silvana Torossian
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Coradi
authors.forename: José Maurício
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sforcin
authors.forename: Semíramis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guimarães
mesh_terms: D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011429:Propolis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053058:Trophozoites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011429:Propolis; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases