title: Evaluation of a combined blood glucose monitoring and gaming system (Didget®) for motivation in children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the performance and acceptability of a blood glucose meter coupled with a gaming system for children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes. During an in-clinic visit, duplicate blood samples were tested by subjects (N = 147; aged 5-24 yr) and health care providers (HCPs) to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the Didget® system. Subjects' meter results were compared against Yellow Springs Instruments (YSI) reference results and HCP results using least squares regression and error grid analyses. Precision was measured by average within-subject and within-HCP coefficient of variation (CV). During the home-use component of this study, subjects (n = 58) tested their blood glucose at least two to three times daily for 3-5 d to evaluate routine use of the system. Subjects' meter results showed significant correlations with both YSI (r(2) = 0.94; p < 0.001 for regression slope) and HCP results (r(2) = 0.96; p < 0.001). Average within-subject and within-HCP CVs were 5.9 and 7.2%, respectively. Overall satisfaction was assessed by subjects, their parents or guardians, and HCP surveys. Subject satisfaction with the Didget® system was good to excellent; most subjects found the system easy to use, motivating, and helpful for building good blood glucose monitoring habits. Most HCPs agreed that the system fulfilled a need in diabetes management. In conclusion, the Didget® system was precise and clinically accurate in the hands of children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. klingensmith@ucdenver.edu
authors.forename: Georgeanna J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Klingensmith
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aisenberg
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halvorson
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Mary Ellen
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Riordan
authors.forename: Chandrasekhar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pardo
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Viggiani
authors.forename: Jane F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Holly C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Schachner
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bailey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018910:Video Games; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose