title: Transcatheter arterial embolization as therapy of renal angiomyolipomas: the evolution in 15 years of experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims at presenting the evolution of the embolization technique in treating renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) either diagnosed in patients with acute bleeding or discovered accidentally.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with renal AMLs have been through thirteen selective transcatheter arterial embolizations for 15 years. Two patients had tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) with bilateral tumors and were embolized twice. Four embolic materials were employed: PVA particles, Gianturco coils, microspheres and microcoils. Catheterization was achieved by means of 5F Cobra 2 catheters and coaxial microcatheter systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On an emergency basis, embolization was a first-line treatment. In one case, surgery was necessary; in two patients, a second embolization was performed. When treatment was preventive, a single embolization proved to be sufficient, as well. There was no significant deterioration of the serum creatinine levels in the post-embolization period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Selective arterial embolization is a rather safe and effective technique to treat AMLs both urgently and preventively. Different embolic materials can be employed. Microspheres and microcatheters stand for new promising materials.
authors.affiliation: University of Athens, Aretaieion Hospital, Radiology Department, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chatziioannou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gargas
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Malagari
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kornezos
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Primetis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moschouris
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gouliamos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mourikis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018207:Angiomyolipoma / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome