title: Tumour lysis syndrome in children: experience of last decade.
abstract: The strategy against tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) had been hyperhydration, urine alkalinization, and allopurinol. Recently, rasburicase was added to the armament against this life-threatening condition. In Korea, rasburicase is used as a rescue therapy for cases with allopurinol-resistant hyperuricemia, because of the restriction by the National Health Insurance. We reviewed our experiences to re-assess the risk factors of TLS and the efficacy of rasburicase. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for 396 children who were diagnosed as positive with acute leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma between the years 2000 and 2009. The risk factors for TLS were analyzed statistically, and those before and after the availability of rasburicase were compared. Sixty eight patients (17.2%) had TLS. Multivariate analysis showed that pre-chemotherapy hypophosphatemia was a risk factor for TLS, in addition to the known risk factors of hyperuricemia and high lactate dehydrogenase concentration. The availability of rasburicase as a rescue therapy did not negate the importance of uric acid as a risk factor of TLS. Rasburicase as a second line treatment for intractable hyperuricemia was not effective in reducing the incidence of TLS. Pre-chemotherapy hypophosphatemia was a significant independent risk factor for TLS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Korea.
authors.forename: Yo Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Hyoung Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hee Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hyo Seop
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hee Gyung
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D060828:Induction Chemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007223:Infant; D007938:Leukemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015275:Tumor Lysis Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D014503:Urate Oxidase / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014528:Uricosuric Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014528:Uricosuric Agents; C469709:rasburicase; D014503:Urate Oxidase