title: The genetics of alopecia areata: What's new and how will it help our patients?
abstract: In the United States, alopecia areata (AA) is the most prevalent autoimmune disease, affecting approximately 5.3 million people, including males and females of all ages and across all ethnic groups. AA affects more individuals than most other autoimmune diseases combined, and yet despite its prevalence, there is little information on the underlying pathogenesis and there are currently no evidence-based treatments available to treat or cure this disease. Genetics has provided a valuable tool for gaining insight into disease pathology. We recently completed the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) in AA and successfully identified at least eight regions in the genome with evidence for association to AA. Importantly, this work identifies a discrete set of genes, some of which have been well studied within the context of other autoimmune diseases and already have targeted therapies available or in development. The insight that we have gained through our GWAS sets the stage for the rational development of novel effective therapeutic approaches and heralds in an exciting new era with the commencement of translational research in AA based on genetic findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Petukhova
authors.forename: Rita M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mackay-Wiggan
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clynes
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Christiano
mesh_terms: D000506:Alopecia Areata / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology