title: Resveratrol and prostate cancer: promising role for microRNAs.
abstract: METHODS
  Resveratrol (Res) has anticancer activity in prostate cancer (PCa), which can be attributed to modulation of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs). miRNAs/miRs are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. We have analyzed differential miRNA expression in PCa cells treated with Res.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using miRNA microarrays we found that 23 miRNAs were significantly down-regulated and 28 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated after Res treatment. The down-regulated miRs included miR-17-92 and miR-106ab clusters with well recognized oncogenic properties while the up-regulated miRs included several tumor suppressors. Selected miRs were verified by qRT-PCR, including miR-17, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-106a and miR106b. Since these miRNAs target PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10), we performed Western blot to confirm up-regulation of PTEN in PCa cells. In addition, using TargetScan database, we have identified putative mRNA targets for Res-induced down- and up-regulated miRs. Using a bioinformatics approach, we generated gene networks specifically altered by Res-regulated miRNAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that the dietary compound Res may play an important role in prostate carcinogenesis through modulation of miRNA expression: Res down-regulated oncogenic miRs and up-regulated tumor suppressor miRs in PCa cells. Further in-depth studies are necessary in order to fully recognize the beneficial miRNA-mediated effects of Res in PCa.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhar
authors.forename: Chindo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: Anait S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Levenson
mesh_terms: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D035683:MicroRNAs; D013267:Stilbenes; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human; D000077185:Resveratrol