title: Multiscale entropy analysis of pulse wave velocity for assessing atherosclerosis in the aged and diabetic.
abstract: This study proposed a dynamic pulse wave velocity (PWV)-based biomedical parameter in assessing the degree of atherosclerosis for the aged and diabetic populations. Totally, 91 subjects were recruited from a single medical institution between July 2009 and October 2010. The subjects were divided into four groups: young healthy adults (Group 1, n = 22), healthy upper middle-aged adults (Group 2, n = 28), type 2 diabetics with satisfactory blood sugar control (Group 3, n = 21), and unsatisfactory blood sugar control (Group 4, n = 20). A self-developed six-channel electrocardiography (ECG)-PWV-based equipment was used to acquire 1000 successive recordings of PWV(foot) values within 30 min. The data, thus, obtained were analyzed with multiscale entropy (MSE). Large-scale MSE index (MEI(LS)) was chosen as the assessment parameter. Not only did MEI(LS) successfully differentiate between subjects in Groups 1 and 2, but it also showed a significant difference between Groups 3 and 4. Compared with the conventional parameter of PWV(foot) and MEI on R-R interval [i.e., MEI(RRI)] in evaluating the degree of atherosclerotic change, the dynamic parameter, MEI(LS) (PWV), could better reflect the impact of age and blood sugar control on the progression of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan. dsphans@mail.ndhu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Hsien-Tsai
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Po-Chun
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Cheng-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hou-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Cheuk-Kwan
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: An-Bang
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Men-Tzung
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Chieh-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*