title: Dietary exposure to persistent organochlorine pesticides in 2007 Chinese total diet study.
abstract: Dietary exposure to persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) was assessed for Chinese populations, using the total diet study (TDS) approach in 2007. Multistage random cluster sampling method was used in this study. 108 composite samples, representative of foods "as consumed" by the Chinese were analyzed for residues of OCPs by a multi-residue method. The result showed that hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and heptachlor could be detected in, respectively 84%, 39%, 37%, 13% and 5% of all samples. Concentrations of DDT in all samples ranged from undetectable levels to 72.2 μg/kg. Others were minor components in the OCPs profile. The residual levels of OCPs were significantly below the Extraneous Maximum Residue Limits (EMRLs). Based on the 2000 nationwide food consumption survey, the average dietary exposure of the Chinese to DDT, HCH, HCB, CHLs, and heptachlor was estimated to be 0.016, 0.002, 0.009, 0.006, and 0.001 μg/kg body weight per day respectively, showing a significant decrease trend compared with the past. The major food groups contributing to dietary OCPs were aquatic foods, meats, and cereals. The average and high end estimated daily intakes of different OCPs for the Chinese were both lower than the tolerable daily intake (TDI) suggested by authorities indicating low health risk of OCPs dietary exposure among Chinese adults at present. However, the risk of carcinogenicity of the OCPs should be concerned with if the carcinogenicity effects from the exposures to these OCPs were considered.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 7, Panjiayuan nanli Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, PR China.
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jingguang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yongning
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002706:Chlordan / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006533:Heptachlor / Q000032:analysis; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene / Q000032:analysis; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D002706:Chlordan; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D006533:Heptachlor