title: [Promotive excretion of causative agents of Yusho by fermented brown rice with Aspergillus oryze in Yusho patients].
abstract: Forty two years have passed since the outbreak of Kanemi rice oil poisoning, namely, Yusho in the western Japan. However, even now the Yusho patients have been still suffering from several objective and subjective symptoms. In order to improve or, if possible, to cure such symptoms, the most important therapeutic treatment is considered to actively excrete the causative agents, that is, polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from the bodies of the patients and to reduce their body burdens. In rats, chlorophyll and dietary fiber have been shown to promote the fecal excretion of PCDFs and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and to reduce their levels in rats. In this study, we have examined whether such kinds of effect are also observed by fermented brown rice with Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) containing 5% spirulina, which is so-called spirulina HI * GENKI, the health food and relatively rich with chlorophyll and dietary fiber, in eighteen Yusho patients. They were divided into two groups, namely group A, ten patients (3 males and 7 females) with the mean age of 67.7 years old and group B, eight patients (4 males and 4 females) with the mean age of 64.1 years old. Among the patients of group A, three patients were especially highly contaminated with PCDFs and we classified them into group A (High). Respective mean concentrations of PCDFs in the blood just before initiating this study were as follows; group A : 145 pg/g lipid, group A (High) : 371 pg/g lipid and group B : 52.1 pg/g lipid. Contamination levels of PCDFs, PCDDs and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in group A (High) were 1.7 to 2.6 times higher than those in group A and 2.4 to 7.1 times higher than those in group B. Accordingly, concentrations of dioxins (PCDFs + PCDDs + dioxin-like PCBs) in the blood of groups A, A (High) and B were, respectively, 194, 458 and 85 pg-TEQ/g lipid. Concentrations of PCBs were also the highest in group A (High) : 1399 ng/g lipid, in group A : 748 ng/g lipid and the lowest in group B : 456 ng/g lipid. Groups A and A (High) took around 7.0 g of spirulina HI * GENKI after each meal and three times a day for the first one year and for the second one year, they did not take spirulina HI * GENKI anymore. Group B took spirulina HI * GENKI with the same manner as the group A only for the second one year. The concentrations of PCDFs, PCDDs, dioxin-like PCBs and PCBs in the blood were also measured at the end of the first and second year, respectively. Assuming the body fat is also contaminated with these compounds at their concentrations on lipid weight basis in the blood and the content of body fat is 20% of 60 kg body weight, we computed the average amounts in their net excretion from the body of the patients due to spirulina HI * GENKI in the three groups. As a result, in group A (High), 341 ng-TEQ/patient of dioxins was excreted from the body, which was 3.4 times greater than that in group A and 12 times higher than that in group B. Therefore, promotive excretions of causative agents of Yusho were the most effective in group A (High) and we consider spirulina HI * GENKI is more effective from the therapeutic point of view in more highly contaminated Yusho patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environmental Molecular Epidemiology, School of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Todaka
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
authors.forename: Jumboku
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Teruaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001236:Aspergillus oryzae; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000506:poisoning*; D001822:Body Burden; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005506:Food Contamination; D058870:Food, Organic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012275:Oryza / Q000506:poisoning*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000506:poisoning*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010938:Plant Oils; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls