title: IMP-type metallo-β-lactamases in Gram-negative bacilli: distribution, phylogeny, and association with integrons.
abstract: Twenty-nine IMP-type β-lactamases (IMPs) have been identified in at least 26 species of clinically important Gram-negative bacilli from more than 24 countries/regions. Most of bla(IMP) genes are harbored by class 1 integrons that are usually embedded in transposons and/or plasmids, footnoting their horizontal transfer and worldwide distribution. bla(IMP) genes usually co-exist with other resistance genes, such as aacA, catB, and bla(OXA), resulting in multi-drug resistance. Compared to other gene cassettes, 76.3% of the bla(IMP) gene cassettes are located adjacent to Pc promoter of the class 1 integrons, indicating that the bla(IMP) genes are readily expressed in most of bacterial hosts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan. whzhao@med.showa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Wei-Hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhi-Qing
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D032023:Integrons; D010802:Phylogeny; D010957:Plasmids; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D047090:beta-Lactams; D001618:beta-Lactamases