title: Potential sources of 2-aminoacetophenone to confound the Pseudomonas aeruginosa breath test, including analysis of a food challenge study.
abstract: 2-Aminoacetophenone can be detected in the breath of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonized cystic fibrosis patients; however, low levels were also detected in a small proportion of healthy subjects. It was hypothesized that food, beverages, cosmetics or medications could be a source of contamination of 2-aminoacetophenone in breath. To determine the potential confounding of these products on 2-aminoacetophenone breath analysis, screening for this volatile was performed in the laboratory by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and a food challenge study carried out. 2-Aminoacetophenone was detected in four of the 78 samples tested in vitro: corn chips and canned tuna (high pmol mol(-1)) and egg white and one of the three beers (low pmol mol(-1)). No 2-aminoacetophenone was detected in the CF medication or cosmetics tested. Twenty-eight out of 30 environmental air samples were negative for 2-aminoacetophenone (below 50 pmol mol(-1)). A challenge study with ten healthy subjects was performed to determine if 2-aminoacetophenone from corn chips was detectable on the breath after consumption. Analysis of mixed breath samples reported that the levels of 2-aminoacetophenone were immediately elevated after corn chip consumption, but after 2 h the level of 2-aminoacetophenone had reduced back to the 'baseline' for each subject.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand. amy.scott-thomas@otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scott-Thomas
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chambers
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000382:microbiology; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D015415:Biomarkers; C055495:2-aminoacetophenone