title: Vanadium pentoxide induces activation and death of endothelial cells.
abstract: Vanadium is a transition metal released into the atmosphere, as air-suspended particles, as a result of the combustion of fossil fuels and some metallurgic industry activities. Air-suspended particle pollution causes inflammation-related processes such as thrombosis and other cardiovascular events. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) on endothelial cells since they are key participants in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. Cell adhesion, the expression of adhesion molecules and oxidative stress, as well as proliferation, morphology and cell death of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to V2O5, were evaluated. Vanadium pentoxide at a 3.12 µg cm(-2) concentration induced an enhanced adhesion of the U937 macrophage cell line to HUVECs, owing to an increased expression of late adhesion molecules. HUVECs exposed to V2O5 showed an increase in ROS and nitric oxide production, and a diminished proliferation. These changes in vanadium-treated HUVECs were accompanied by severe morphological changes and apoptotic cell death. Vanadium pentoxide induced serious endothelial cell damage, probably related to the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality observed in individuals living in highly air-polluted areas.
authors: Departamento de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología 'Ignacio Chávez', México City, CP 14080, Mexico.
authors: Angélica
authors: A
authors: Montiel-Dávalos
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Gonzalez-Villava
authors: Vianey
authors: V
authors: Rodriguez-Lara
authors: Luis Felipe
authors: LF
authors: Montaño
authors: Teresa I
authors: TI
authors: Fortoul
authors: Rebeca
authors: R
authors: López-Marure
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017968:Vanadium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017968:Vanadium Compounds; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C066075:vanadium pentoxide