title: Endovascular treatment of visceral and renal artery aneurysms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze early and midterm results of endovascular treatment of visceral aneurysms regarding technical considerations, technical success rate, aneurysm rupture, and end-organ ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endovascular treatment of 41 visceral and renal artery aneurysms (VAAs) in 40 consecutive patients (25 women; mean age, 59.4 y ± 16.2) was retrospectively reviewed. The series included 30 true aneurysms and 11 pseudoaneurysms in renal (n = 17), splenic (n = 13), hepatic (n = 4), celiac (n = 4), gastroduodenal (n = 2), and middle colic (n = 1) arteries. Demographic, clinical, procedural, and follow-up data were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-one aneurysms underwent endovascular treatment. Hypertension (73%) and hyperlipidemia (32%) were the most common associated comorbidities. Nineteen patients presented with symptoms of pain (15%) or rupture (32%) in 10 pseudoaneurysms (91%) and nine true aneurysms (30%; P = .0007). The most commonly used technique (93%) was coil embolization with (15%) or without (78%) other endovascular agents. The rate of technical success (cessation of hemorrhage or blood flow into aneurysm sac) was 98%. There was no periprocedural mortality. Mean hospital stays were 1 and 2 days for asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, respectively. Mean clinical follow-up was 44.5 months; mean imaging follow-up was 11.7 months. The only complication was an intraprocedural thromboembolic event in one case (3%). Follow-up imaging evidence of end-organ partial infarct was detected in six patients (21%), with no clinical evidence of organ insufficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular treatment of VAAs is a safe and highly successful procedure. Associated side effects such as distal embolization and end-organ infarcts were not found to be clinically significant.
authors: Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, Florida 33176, USA.
authors: Vahid
authors: V
authors: Etezadi
authors: Ripal T
authors: RT
authors: Gandhi
authors: James F
authors: JF
authors: Benenati
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Rochon
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Gordon
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Benenati
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Alehashemi
authors: Barry T
authors: BT
authors: Katzen
authors: Philipp
authors: P
authors: Geisbüsch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000628:therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014781:Viscera / Q000098:blood supply*