title: Regulatory variation within and between species.
abstract: Understanding how individuals differ from one another and from closely related species is a fundamental problem in biology. Recent evidence suggests that much of the variation both within and between species is due to differential gene regulation. Here we review differential gene regulation focusing on evolutionary-developmental (evo-devo) biology, global comparison of genomic sequences, whole-genome gene expression, and transcription factor (TF) binding profiles. We also explore the relationship between divergence rate of regulatory sequences, coding sequences, and TF binding events using several different measures and discuss their implications in the context of evolution of regulatory networks. Finally, we discuss the current status and future challenges in relating regulatory variation to the divergence across and within species.
authors: Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Biostatics Resources, Keck Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. wei.zheng@yale.edu
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zheng
authors: Tara A
authors: TA
authors: Gianoulis
authors: Konrad J
authors: KJ
authors: Karczewski
authors: Hongyu
authors: H
authors: Zhao
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Snyder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors