title: The Portuguese version of the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP): reliability, validity, and relationship with cognitive measures in hospitalized and community schizophrenia patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deficits in social functioning are a core feature of schizophrenia and are influenced by both symptomatic and neurocognitive variables. In the present study we aimed to determine the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) scale, and possible correlations with measures of cognitive functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred and four community and inpatients with schizophrenia were assessed using measures of social functioning and symptom severity alongside measures of executive function, processing speed, and verbal memory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Convergent validity with the GAF in the four domains of the PSP varied from 0.357 to 0.899. Reliability was found to be satisfactory, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.789. Inter-rater reliability in the four domains of the PSP varied from 0.430 to 0.954. Low-functioning patients (PSP < 70) were older, had longer duration of illness, were more symptomatic and had worse cognitive performances, as compared with high-functioning patients (PSP ≥ 70). In a regression model, deficits in social functioning were strongly predicted both by symptomatic and neurocognitive variables; these together accounted for up to 62% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study supports the reliability and validity of the Portuguese language version of the PSP and further supports the original measure. The co-administration of brief cognitive assessments with measures of functioning may lead to more focused interventions, possibly improving outcomes in this group.
authors: Lisbon's Psychiatric Hospitalar Centre, Rua Conde Redondo, nº 8 3º dt, 1150-105, Lisbon, Portugal. sofiabrissos@netcabo.pt
authors: Sofia
authors: S
authors: Brissos
authors: Filipa
authors: F
authors: Palhavã
authors: João Gama
authors: JG
authors: Marques
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: Mexia
authors: Ana Lisa
authors: AL
authors: Carmo
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Carvalho
authors: Cátia
authors: C
authors: Dias
authors: João Data
authors: JD
authors: Franco
authors: Rita
authors: R
authors: Mendes
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Zuzarte
authors: Ana Isabel
authors: AI
authors: Carita
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Molodynski
authors: Maria Luisa
authors: ML
authors: Figueira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011174:Portugal; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult