title: Extraction socket healing in rats treated with bisphosphonate: animal model for bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaws in multiple myeloma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to replicate both clinical and histological presentation of bisphosphonate induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (BONJ) in an animal model of the disease state. Successful recapitulation of a BONJ-like indication in an animal model will be useful for studying pathogenesis, as well as prevention and treatment strategies for BONJ.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty (80) rats were prospectively and randomly divided into two groups; control group(40) and study group(40). All animals in study group, injected with a dose of 1 mg/kg dexamethasone (DX) subcutaneously on day 7, 14, or 21; and 1, 2, or 3 doses of 7.5 µg/kg zoledronic acid (ZA) subcutaneously administered to coincide with the last day of DX. Half of the animals from each group underwent extraction of the left mandibular molars and the remaining animals underwent extraction of the left maxillary molars under pentobarbital-induced general anesthesia. All animals were euthanized twenty-eight (28) days following tooth extractions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amount of new bone trabecules as significantly decreased in bisphosphonate-dexamethasone (BP-DX) treated sockets. Difference between both groups was found statistically significant (p=0,0001). There's no foreign body reaction in sockets of both groups and no significance difference observed for fibrosis (p=0,306). The necrosis scores were significantly higher in BP-DX treated sockets (p=0,015). The inflamation scores were significantly higher for study group (p=0,0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides preliminary observations for the development of an animal model of BONJ. But we think that there is need for other studies have only BP treated group and larger study population.
authors: Istanbul University, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 34093 Çapa-Fatih, Istanbul Turkey. sabitdemircan@hotmail.com
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Ali-Erdem
authors: Abdulkadir
authors: A
authors: Burak-Cankaya
authors: Sabri
authors: S
authors: Cemil-Isler
authors: Sabit
authors: S
authors: Demircan
authors: Merva
authors: M
authors: Soluk
authors: Cetin
authors: C
authors: Kasapoglu
authors: Cuneyt
authors: C
authors: Korhan-Oral
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000209:etiology*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates