title: External frontal sinusotomy and endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid fistula in the posterior wall: preliminary report of a new technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea is the abnormal leakage of cerebrospinal fluid into the nasal cavity. The posterior wall of the frontal sinus can be the site of such leakage. Traditionally, these leaks were repaired via external osteoplastic or neurosurgical approaches. Despite advances in instrumentation, it is difficult to manage superiorly or laterally placed defects endoscopically. We present a new technique of endoscopic repair of frontal sinus posterior wall defects, via access holes drilled in the anterior wall of the frontal sinus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preliminary study involving patients presenting with frontal sinus cerebrospinal fluid leaks, with defects in the frontal sinus posterior wall, between 2006 and 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were treated in a tertiary referral centre for nose and sinus diseases. Patient records were reviewed and analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients underwent external frontal sinusotomy under endoscopic vision. Repair was successful in all cases, with no complications. Follow up ranged from three months to three years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  External frontal sinusotomy and endoscopic repair is a simple, precise and cosmetically acceptable alternative to osteoplastic and major neurosurgical techniques for management of frontal sinus posterior wall defects. This new, previously undescribed technique enables otolaryngologists to play a role in managing such defects.
authors: Sinus and Nose Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. thulasisinusandnose@gmail.com
authors: P Thulasi
authors: PT
authors: Das
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Balasubramanian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016080:Arachnoid Cysts / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy; D005205:Fascia / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D005402:Fistula / Q000601:surgery*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008588:Meningocele / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D005557:Formaldehyde; C027490:polyvinyl alcohol formaldehyde foam; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol