title: Targeted phase II metabolites profiling as new screening strategy to investigate natural steroid abuse in animal breeding.
abstract: The use of steroid hormones as growth promoters in cattle is banned within the European Union since 1988 but can still be fraudulently employed in animal breeding farms for anabolic purposes. While efficient targeted confirmatory methods have been implemented in control laboratories for many years, fast and reliable screening methods are still required, especially in the case of natural hormones abuse, but more globally for new "fishing" strategies allowing to reveal the use of even unknown anabolic agents. The development of focused profiling or untargeted metabolomic approaches is thus emerging in this context. The present study was a focused profiling study using steroids phase II metabolites, with the aim to get a better understanding of the steroid metabolism disruptions after exogenous administration of androstenedione and finally reveal potential biomarkers signing its administration. A sample preparation procedure was first developed, based on a separation of 31 glucuronide and sulphate conjugate compounds using an anion exchange SPE system. Each fraction was then analysed by UPLC-MS/MS in MRM mode showing a rapid (between 4h and 4 days after treatment) and huge excretion of several direct metabolites of androstenedione such as etiocholanolone-glucuronide or epiandrosterone-sulphate.
authors: ONIRIS, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Atlanpole-La Chantrerie, BP 40706, Nantes, France. laberca@oniris-nantes.fr
authors: Sebastien
authors: S
authors: Anizan
authors: Domenica
authors: D
authors: Di Nardo
authors: Emmanuelle
authors: E
authors: Bichon
authors: Fabrice
authors: F
authors: Monteau
authors: Nora
authors: N
authors: Cesbron
authors: Jean-Philippe
authors: JP
authors: Antignac
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Le Bizec
mesh_terms: D000735:Androstenedione / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020719:Glucuronides; D013431:Sulfates; D000735:Androstenedione