title: Occurrence of odorant polyfunctional thiols in the Super Alpha Tomahawk hop cultivar. Comparison with the thiol-rich Nelson Sauvin bitter variety.
abstract: Tomahawk hop (Humulus lupulus) is a recently developed Super Alpha cultivar (14-18% α-acids w/w), already widely used by brewers to impart bitterness and a citrus-like aroma to beer. By comparison with two bitter varieties (Nelson Sauvin and Nugget) and two aromatic ones (Cascade and Saaz), the Tomahawk cultivar showed a very particular terpenoid profile, rich in both α- and β-selinenes (>600 mg/kg IST equiv in total), methyl geranate (>40 mg/kg IST equiv), and geraniol (>200 mg/kg). Tomahawk also proved to contain a wide variety of odorant polyfunctional thiols. The major β-sulfanyl acetate, 3-sulfanyl-2-ethylpropyl acetate, newly identified here, was found at similar levels in the famous Sauvignon-like Nelson Sauvin and Tomahawk varieties (15-44 μg/kg IST equiv). On the other hand, lower levels of total β-sulfanyl alcohols were measured in Tomahawk, although 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol was found at a similar level and the 3-sulfanyl-4-methylpentan-1-ol previously claimed to be specific to the Nelson Sauvin variety was also evidenced in the Super Alpha cultivar (9-13 μg/kg IST equiv). As revealed by boiling and fermentation, Tomahawk hop also contains very interesting bound polyfunctional thiols that should be investigated for better use by brewers.
authors: Unité de brasserie et des industries alimentaires, Earth and Life Institute ELIM, Faculté d'Ingénierie biologique, agronomique et environnementale, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Gros
authors: Sabrina
authors: S
authors: Nizet
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Collin
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D006358:Hot Temperature; D027582:Humulus / Q000737:chemistry*; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D013457:Sulfur Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013457:Sulfur Compounds; D013729:Terpenes