title: Pharmacokinetics of moxidectin in the southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons).
abstract: Sarcoptic mange, caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. wombati, could be a significant threat to populations of southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons; SHNW) in Australia. Treatment is currently based on the off-label use of various parasiticidal drugs, with limited clinical efficacy trials. Our primary aim was to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of a macrocyclic lactone, moxidectin, to assist in the development of effective treatment protocols. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined in four female SHNW following a single subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mg/kg moxidectin. Blood samples were collected for 38 days following injection (August-September 2008), for analysis using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The mean peak plasma concentration occurred at 13.6 hr, with a mean peak plasma level of 98.6 ng/ml. The mean elimination half-life was 5.03 days, resulting in a mean area under the curve of 377 ng.day/ml. The peak plasma moxidectin concentration was higher than that seen in livestock species but the plasma elimination half-life was shorter. This study suggests that a single injection of 0.2 mg/kg moxidectin may not be sufficient to clear a mange infection in this species.
authors: Conservation Medicine Program, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia. dclare@unimelb.edu.au
authors: Clare E
authors: CE
authors: Death
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Taggart
authors: Desmond B
authors: DB
authors: Williams
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Milne
authors: David J
authors: DJ
authors: Schultz
authors: Carlysle
authors: C
authors: Holyoake
authors: Kristen S
authors: KS
authors: Warren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001315:Australia; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D018942:Macrolides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008394:Marsupialia / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D012532:Scabies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D018942:Macrolides; C027837:moxidectin