title: Antiprotozoal activities of organic extracts from French marine seaweeds.
abstract: Marine macrophytes contain a variety of biologically active compounds, some reported to have antiprotozoal activity in vitro. As a part of a screening program to search for new natural antiprotozoals, we screened hydroalcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts of 20 species of seaweeds from three phyla (Rhodophyta, Heterokontophyta and Chlorophyta), sampled along the Normandy (France) coast. We tested them in vitro against the protozoa responsible for three major endemic parasitic diseases: Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma cruzi. The selectivity of the extracts was also evaluated by testing on a mammalian cell line (L6 cells). Ethyl acetate extracts were more active than hydroalcoholic ones. Activity against T. cruzi and L. donovani was non-existent to average, but almost half the extracts showed good activity against P. falciparum. The ethyl acetate extract of Mastocarpus stellatus showed the best antiplasmodial activity as well as the best selectivity index (IC(50) = 2.8 μg/mL; SI > 30). Interestingly, a red algae species, which shares phylogenetic origins with P. falciparum, showed the best antiplasmodial activity. This study is the first to report comparative antiprotozoal activity of French marine algae. Some of the species studied here have not previously been biologically evaluated.
authors: Pharmacognosie et Molécules Naturelles Bio-actives, Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique UMR CNRS 7200, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch cedex, France.|Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France.
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Vonthron-Sénécheau
authors: Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institution, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.|University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland.
authors: Marcel
authors: M
authors: Kaiser
authors: Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France.
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Devambez
authors: Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France.
authors: Antoine
authors: A
authors: Vastel
authors: Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France.
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Mussio
authors: Physiologie et Ecophysiologie des Mollusques Marins, UMR M IFREMER 100, Institut de Biologie Fondamentale et Appliquée (IBFA), Université de Caen Basse-Normandie, 14032 Caen cedex, France.
authors: Anne-Marie
authors: AM
authors: Rusig
mesh_terms: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry; D005602:France; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000187:drug effects; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts