title: Resolution of inflammation by N-arachidonoylglycine.
abstract: N-arachidonoylglycine (NAgly) is an endogenous signaling lipid that is a member of the eicosanoid super family and is related to anandamide. It shows anti-inflammatory activity in vivo in the mouse peritonitis model where it reduces migration of inflammatory leukocytes following injection of pro-inflammatory agents into the peritoneal cavity. Using cell culture models, including GPR18 transfected HEK-293 cells, evidence is presented that the orphan receptor GPR18 is involved in this action. Increases in free arachidonic acid, and robust stimulation of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids were observed at low micromolar concentrations. These included 15-deoxy-delta-13,14-PGJ(2) and lipoxin A(4) both of which are believed to mediate the resolution stage of inflammation. It was further shown that NAgly might act via GPR18 activation in promoting the number of Trypan Blue stained cells, a possible indicator of programmed cell death. Thus, we hypothesize that NAgly induces the death of inflammatory cells, a process that is considered to be important for the resolution of inflammation.
authors: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation St., Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA. sumner.burstein@umassmed.edu
authors: Sumner H
authors: SH
authors: Burstein
authors: Catherine A
authors: CA
authors: McQuain
authors: Alonzo H
authors: AH
authors: Ross
authors: Rebecca A
authors: RA
authors: Salmonsen
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Zurier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D005998:Glycine