title: Human immunoglobulin G levels of viruses and associated glioma risk.
abstract: Few consistent etiological factors have been identified for primary brain tumors. Inverse associations to asthma and low levels of varicella-zoster virus, immunoglobulin (Ig) levels in prevalent cases have indicted a role for the immune system in the development of glioma. Because samples from prevalent cases of glioma could be influenced by treatments such as steroids and chemotherapy, we investigated pre-diagnostic samples from three large Scandinavian cohorts. To test the hypothesis that immune response levels to these viruses are associated etiologically with glioma risk, we investigated pre-diagnostic immunoglobulin levels for cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), adenovirus (Ad), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) including the nuclear antigen (EBNA1) using plasma samples from 197 cases of adult glioma and 394 controls collected from population-based cohorts in Sweden and Denmark. Low VZV IgG levels were marginally significantly more common in glioma cases than the controls (odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, 95% CI 0.41-1.13) for the fourth compared with the first quartile (p = 0.06 for trend). These results were more prominent when analyzing cases with blood sampling at least 2 years before diagnosis (OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.37-1.08) (p = 0.03). No association with glioma risk was observed for CMV, EBV, and adenovirus.
authors: Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden. sara.sjostrom@onkologi.umu.se
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Sjöström
authors: Ulf
authors: U
authors: Hjalmars
authors: Per
authors: P
authors: Juto
authors: Göran
authors: G
authors: Wadell
authors: Göran
authors: G
authors: Hallmans
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Tjönneland
authors: Jytte
authors: J
authors: Halkjaer
authors: Jonas
authors: J
authors: Manjer
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Almquist
authors: Beatrice S
authors: BS
authors: Melin
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000276:immunology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000276:immunology; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D007074:Immunoglobulin G