title: Association of sVAP-1, sRAGE, and CML with lactation-induced insulin sensitivity in young non-diabetic healthy women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In comparison with non-lactating women breast-feeding mothers display higher insulin sensitivity. Recent data suggest that advanced glycation end products, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and soluble vascular adhesion protein-1 (sVAP-1) may play a role in insulin resistance even in healthy subjects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We studied whether breast-feeding induced insulin sensitivity associates with changes in concentrations of circulating sVAP-1, sRAGE and N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) - chemically defined advanced glycation end product and RAGE ligand.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 74 lactating non-diabetic mothers, 45 weaned non-diabetic mothers and 50 age-matched non-parous women insulin sensitivity was assessed using Quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI). sVAP-1, sRAGE and CML levels were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lactating mothers were more insulin sensitive than their weaned and non-parous counterparts. Lactating mothers displayed the highest concentrations of sRAGE, and higher sVAP-1 levels if compared to weaned mothers. Both groups of mothers presented with lower CML levels than the non-parous women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lactation-induced insulin sensitivity is associated with higher sVAP-1 and a tendency towards higher sRAGE levels. Lactation-associated rise in sVAP-1 may promote effective glucose utilization in the mother. Lactation-induced insulin sensitivity vanishes shortly after weaning. In young healthy women CML levels are of no clinical relevance to insulin sensitivity.
authors: Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacotherapy, Medical faculty, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
authors: Kristína
authors: K
authors: Klenovicsová
authors: Zora
authors: Z
authors: Krivošíková
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Gajdoš
authors: Katarína
authors: K
authors: Sebeková
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) / Q000378:metabolism*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007774:Lactation; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C048496:N(6)-carboxymethyllysine; C076668:AOC3 protein, human; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); D008239:Lysine