title: Flavonoid analyses and antimicrobial activity of various parts of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl fruit.
abstract: Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl (Thymelaceae) is commonly known as 'Crown of God', 'Mahkota Dewa', and 'Pau'. It originates from Papua Island, Indonesia and it grows in tropical areas. Empirically, it is potent in treating the hypertensive, diabetic, cancer and diuretic patients. It has a long history of ethnopharmacological usage, and the lack of information about its biological activities led us to investigate the possible biological activities by characterisation of flavonoids and antimicrobial activity of various part of P. macrocarpa against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The results showed that kaempferol, myricetin, naringin, and rutin were the major flavonoids present in the pericarp while naringin and quercetin were found in the mesocarp and seed. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of different parts of P. macrocarpa fruit showed a weak ability to moderate antibacterial activity against pathogenic tested bacteria (inhibition range: 0.93-2.17 cm) at concentration of 0.3 mg/disc. The anti fungi activity was only found in seed extract against Aspergillus niger (1.87 cm) at concentration of 0.3 mg/well. From the results obtained, P. macrocarpa fruit could be considered as a natural antimicrobial source due to the presence of flavonoid compounds.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: rootdee2001@yahoo.com (R.H.); yunus@biotech.upm.edu.my (M.Y.S.).
authors: Rudi
authors: R
authors: Hendra
authors: Syahida
authors: S
authors: Ahmad
authors: Aspollah
authors: A
authors: Sukari
authors: M Yunus
authors: MY
authors: Shukor
authors: Ehsan
authors: E
authors: Oskoueian
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D029645:Thymelaeaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts