title: Chemotherapeutic interaction between Khaya grandifoliola (WELW) CDC stem bark extract and two anti-malarial drugs in mice.
abstract: In malarial endemic countries especially in the tropics, conventional antimalarial drugs are used with herbal remedies either concurrently or successively. Khaya grandifoliola is one of such popular herbs used in the treatment of malaria.Various doses of ethanol extract of K. grandifoliola stem bark (50-400 mg/kg/day) were administered orally to Swiss albino mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii nigerense. A dose of 100 mg/kg/day of the extract was also combined with 2.5 mg/kg/day of chloroquine or 6.25 mg/kg/day of halofantrine in both early and established malaria infection test models. The results showed that in the early malaria infection test, K. grandifoliola in combination with chloroquine or halofantrine elicited enhanced antiplasmodial effect in the established infection, there was significantly greater parasite clearance following administration of the combination when compared to the effects of K. grandifoliola or the conventional drugs alone. The mean survival period of parasitized animals was also enhanced by the extract/halofantrine combination. Lower therapeutic doses of halofantrine may be required to potentiate parasite clearance when used in combination with K. grandifoliola. This may constitute great advantage to halofantrine which is associated with cardiotoxicity at high doses.
authors: Drug Research and Production Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors: Steve O
authors: SO
authors: Ijarotimi
authors: Joseph M
authors: JM
authors: Agbedahunsi
authors: Cyprian O
authors: CO
authors: Onyeji
authors: Clement O
authors: CO
authors: Adewunmi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy; D029582:Meliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D009549:Nigeria; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D010967:Plasmodium yoelii / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002738:Chloroquine; C023768:halofantrine