title: Rare sugar D-allose suppresses gibberellin signaling through hexokinase-dependent pathway in Oryza sativa L.
abstract: One of the rare sugars, D-allose, which is the epimer of D-glucose at C3, has an inhibitory effect on rice growth, but the molecular mechanisms of the growth inhibition by D-allose were unknown. The growth inhibition caused by D-allose was prevented by treatment with hexokinase inhibitors, D-mannoheptulose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Furthermore, the Arabidopsis glucose-insensitive2 (gin2) mutant, which is a loss-of-function mutant of the glucose sensor AtHXK1, showed a D-allose-insensitive phenotype. D-Allose strongly inhibited the gibberellin-dependent responses such as elongation of the second leaf sheath and induction of α-amylase in embryo-less half rice seeds. The growth of the slender rice1 (slr1) mutant, which exhibits a constitutive gibberellin-responsive phenotype, was also inhibited by D-allose, and the growth inhibition of the slr1 mutant by D-allose was also prevented by D-mannoheptulose treatment. The expressions of gibberellin-responsive genes were down-regulated by D-allose treatment, and the down-regulations of gibberellin-responsive genes were also prevented by D-mannoheptulose treatment. These findings reveal that D-allose inhibits the gibberellin-signaling through a hexokinase-dependent pathway.
authors: Faculty of Agriculture, Rare Sugar Research Center and Gene Research Center, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan.
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Fukumoto
authors: Akihito
authors: A
authors: Kano
authors: Kouhei
authors: K
authors: Ohtani
authors: Yumiko
authors: Y
authors: Yamasaki-Kokudo
authors: Bong-Gyu
authors: BG
authors: Kim
authors: Kouji
authors: K
authors: Hosotani
authors: Miu
authors: M
authors: Saito
authors: Chikage
authors: C
authors: Shirakawa
authors: Shigeyuki
authors: S
authors: Tajima
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Izumori
authors: Toshiaki
authors: T
authors: Ohara
authors: Yoshio
authors: Y
authors: Shigematsu
authors: Keiji
authors: K
authors: Tanaka
authors: Yutaka
authors: Y
authors: Ishida
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Nishizawa
authors: Yasuomi
authors: Y
authors: Tada
authors: Kazuya
authors: K
authors: Ichimura
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Gomi
authors: Kazuya
authors: K
authors: Akimitsu
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D010641:Phenotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D005875:Gibberellins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C002055:allose; D006593:Hexokinase; C473630:ATHXK1 protein, Arabidopsis; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D005947:Glucose