title: The aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is associated with heroin dependence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Determining the influences of genes involved in metabolizing dopamine and encoding dopamine receptors, such as the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and dopamine D2 receptor/ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (DRD2/ANKK1) genes, is critical for understanding addictive behavior. Therefore, we investigated the association between the ALDH2 and DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA polymorphisms and heroin dependence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Heroin-dependent Han Chinese patients (250) and healthy controls (312) were recruited. ALDH2 and DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA polymorphisms were genotyped.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of ALDH2*1/*2 and *2/*2 genotypes was significantly higher in heroin-dependent patients than in controls, but the frequency of DRD2 Taq IA genotypes was not significantly different. Logistic regression analysis showed no significant interaction between ALDH2 and DRD2 Taq IA genotypes in patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ALDH2 polymorphism, but not the DRD2, was associated with heroin dependence.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Tzu-Yun
authors: TY
authors: Wang
authors: Sheng-Yu
authors: SY
authors: Lee
authors: Shiou-Lan
authors: SL
authors: Chen
authors: Shih-Heng
authors: SH
authors: Chen
authors: Chun-Hsien
authors: CH
authors: Chu
authors: San-Yuan
authors: SY
authors: Huang
authors: Nian-Sheng
authors: NS
authors: Tzeng
authors: Yun-Hsuan
authors: YH
authors: Chang
authors: Chen-Lin
authors: CL
authors: Wang
authors: I Hui
authors: IH
authors: Lee
authors: Tzung Lieh
authors: TL
authors: Yeh
authors: Yen Kuang
authors: YK
authors: Yang
authors: Ru-Band
authors: RB
authors: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; C489948:ANKK1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases