title: The effect of birth weight on low-energy diet-induced changes in body composition and substrate-energy metabolism in obese women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine the association of birth weight (BW) with body composition, resting metabolic rate (RMR), nonprotein respiratory quotient (NPRQ), and insulin sensitivity changes after a 12-week diet intervention program.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 78 obese (body mass index [BMI] 34.0 ± 2.8) women aged 36.7 ± 7 years volunteered to participate in a 12-week diet intervention program. We assessed body fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), and bone mass (BM; measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), RMR (measured by indirect calorimetry), fasting plasma glucose, and insulin before and after the intervention. We calculated BMI, FM to LM ratio (FM/LM), and HOMA-IR. BW and gestational age were self-reported, and the BW Z-score was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, the BW Z-score was positively associated with LM (p < 0.01) and RMR (p < 0.05). The BW Z-score was significantly associated with diet-induced FM (p < 0.05) and FM/LM ratio changes (p < 0.01) independently of potential confounders including weight loss. The BW Z-score was not associated with diet-induced RMR or insulin resistance changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower birth weight is associated with lower LM and RMR in obese women and could program a lower FM loss achievement after an energy-restriction diet intervention.
authors: Unit for Preventive Nutrition, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition at NOVUM, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors: Francisco B
authors: FB
authors: Ortega
authors: Jonatan R
authors: JR
authors: Ruiz
authors: María Pilar
authors: MP
authors: Alkorta
authors: Eider
authors: E
authors: Larrarte
authors: Edurne
authors: E
authors: Simón
authors: Raquel
authors: R
authors: Ares
authors: Idoia
authors: I
authors: Labayen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004032:Diet; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012044:Regression Analysis; D057566:Self Report; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin