title: A high-repetition rate scheme for synchrotron-based picosecond laser pump/x-ray probe experiments on chemical and biological systems in solution.
abstract: We present the extension of time-resolved optical pump/x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) probe experiments towards data collection at MHz repetition rates. The use of a high-power picosecond laser operating at an integer fraction of the repetition rate of the storage ring allows exploitation of up to two orders of magnitude more x-ray photons than in previous schemes based on the use of kHz lasers. Consequently, we demonstrate an order of magnitude increase in the signal-to-noise of time-resolved XAS of molecular systems in solution. This makes it possible to investigate highly dilute samples at concentrations approaching physiological conditions for biological systems. The simplicity and compactness of the scheme allows for straightforward implementation at any synchrotron beamline and for a wide range of x-ray probe techniques, such as time-resolved diffraction or x-ray emission studies.
authors: Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors: Frederico A
authors: FA
authors: Lima
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Milne
authors: Dimali C V
authors: DC
authors: Amarasinghe
authors: Mercedes Hannelore
authors: MH
authors: Rittmann-Frank
authors: Renske M
authors: RM
authors: van der Veen
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Reinhard
authors: Van-Thai
authors: VT
authors: Pham
authors: Susanne
authors: S
authors: Karlsson
authors: Steven L
authors: SL
authors: Johnson
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Grolimund
authors: Camelia
authors: C
authors: Borca
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Huthwelker
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Janousch
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: van Mourik
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Abela
authors: Majed
authors: M
authors: Chergui
mesh_terms: D015082:2,2'-Dipyridyl / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D007834:Lasers; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012996:Solutions; D017356:Synchrotrons; D013997:Time Factors; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds
chemical_list: D015082:2,2'-Dipyridyl; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D007501:Iron; D009211:Myoglobin; D012996:Solutions; C018013:carboxymyoglobin; C547232:tris(2,2-bipyridine)-ruthenium(II); D017975:Ruthenium Compounds