title: Faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid levels in faeces from infants with cow's milk protein allergy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was designed to compare the faecal microbiota and concentrations of faecal short-chain fatty acid and ammonia between healthy and cow's milk protein allergic (CMPA) infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The population comprised 92 infants aged 2-12 months who were nonallergic (n = 46) or diagnosed as having CMPA (n = 46). Faecal samples were analyzed by fluorescent in situ hybridization and flow cytometry, using a panel of 10 rRNA targeted group- and species-specific oligonucleotide probes. Acetic, propionic, butyric, isocaproic and branched-chain short fatty acids (BCSFA) were measured by gas-liquid chromatography, lactate by enzymatic reaction, and pH and ammonia levels were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CMPA infant faeces had significantly higher proportions of the Clostridium coccoides group and Atopobium cluster and a higher sum of the proportions of the different bacterial groups in comparison to healthy infant faeces. Faecal pH and ammonia did not significantly differ between CMPA and healthy infants. Faeces concentrations and percentages of butyric acid and BCSFA were higher in CMPA infants than in healthy infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings clearly set a link between a dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition and the pathogenesis of CMPA. No single species or genus appeared to play an essential role, but dysbiosis led to biomarkers of CMPA among bacterial fermentation products.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors: Oscar C
authors: OC
authors: Thompson-Chagoyan
authors: Matteo
authors: M
authors: Fallani
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Maldonado
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: Vieites
authors: Sheila
authors: S
authors: Khanna
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Edwards
authors: Joël
authors: J
authors: Doré
authors: Angel
authors: A
authors: Gil
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000032:analysis; D003013:Clostridium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D054892:Metagenome; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D008894:Milk Proteins; D020148:Butyric Acid; D000641:Ammonia