title: Antioxidant effects of the ethanol extract from flower of Camellia japonica via scavenging of reactive oxygen species and induction of antioxidant enzymes.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of the ethanol extract of the flower of Camellia japonica (Camellia extract). Camellia extract exhibited 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity in human HaCaT keratinocytes. In addition, Camellia extract scavenged superoxide anion generated by xanthine/xanthine oxidase and hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction (FeSO(4) + H(2)O(2)) in a cell-free system, which was detected by electron spin resonance spectrometry. Furthermore, Camellia extract increased the protein expressions and activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. These results suggest that Camellia extract exhibits antioxidant properties by scavenging ROS and enhancing antioxidant enzymes. Camellia extract contained quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercitrin and kaempferol, which are antioxidant compounds.
authors: School of Medicine and Applied Radiological Science Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea; E-Mails: mjpiao@hanmail.net (M.J.P.); eunsyoo@jejunu.ac.kr (E.S.Y.); yskoh7@jejunu.ac.kr (Y.S.K.); pharmkhk@jejunu.ac.kr (H.K.K.).
authors: Mei Jing
authors: MJ
authors: Piao
authors: Eun Sook
authors: ES
authors: Yoo
authors: Young Sang
authors: YS
authors: Koh
authors: Hee Kyoung
authors: HK
authors: Kang
authors: Junoh
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: Yong Jin
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: Hak Hee
authors: HH
authors: Kang
authors: Jin Won
authors: JW
authors: Hyun
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D028244:Camellia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000431:Ethanol; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase