title: Anthelminthic efficacy of aqueous extract of Acanthus montanus leaf against strongylid nematodes of small ruminants.
abstract: The anthelminthic efficacy of the crude aqueous extract of Acanthus montanus (Nees) T. Anders (Acanthaceae) against strongylid nematodes of small ruminants was investigated using the in-vitro egg hatch and larval growth inhibition assays. Faecal samples collected per rectum from sheep and goats were subjected to parasitological examination using the McMaster counting technique with a yield of 700 eggs per gram (E.P.G.) of faeces. Crude aqueous leaf extract of Acanthus montanus was extracted using cold water extraction with a yield of 13.01% w/w. Egg hatch assay revealed a 91.75% reduction in egg hatch at concentration of 25 mg/ml of the extract. The extract had a 100% inhibition, at 200mg/ml concentration which was equivalent to the activity of 3.125 mg/ml albendazole. The distilled water control however, showed a 0% inhibition. Larval growth inhibition assay results showed the extract on Day 1 at 25 mg/ml and 200mg/ml concentrations yielded 67.02% and 85.26% larval inhibition. On Day 2, 100% inhibition was obtained on all concentrations of the extract except for 25 mg/ml that yielded 88.30%. Albendazole however, had a 100% larval inhibition for all concentrations on Day 2. A 100% larval inhibition was recorded on Day 3 from the 25 mg/ml concentrations. The mean percentage larval inhibition of the extract at 200mg/ml (92.63%) was comparable to the standard anthelminthic (albendazole) at 12.50mg/ml (92.28%). These findings showed that there is a pharmacological basis for the folkloric claim of the anthelminthic effect of Acanthus montanus.
authors: Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, College of Veterinary Medicine University of Agriculture, PMB 2373 Makurdi, Nigeria.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Adamu
authors: O D
authors: OD
authors: Oshadu
authors: C I
authors: CI
authors: Ogbaje
mesh_terms: D027901:Acanthaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D006041:Goats; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology; D017183:Strongylida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D017206:Strongylida Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts