title: Chlorpyrifos residues levels in fruits and vegetables after field treatment.
abstract: Chlorpyrifos (O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate) was applied with three different formulations on oranges, peaches, tomatoes, wine and table grapes, and its behaviour was evaluated after field treatment. The formulations applied were emulsifiable concentrates (EC), microencapsulates (ME), and wettable granules (WG). The residues were similar in all crops studied in the EC and WG experiments, except peaches with WG treatment, the residue amount was lower than EC values. Tomatoes which were grown in greenhouse showed similar residues in all treatments just after treatment. Wine and table grapes showed different decline curves in the EC experiments ascribable to the different growing technology. Instrumental limit of determination (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for all matrices were 0.01, and 0.03 mg kg⁻¹, respectively. Repeated treatments showed that Chlorpyrifos can accumulate leading to residue levels at the preharvest interval (PHI) over the maximum residue level (MRL), especially on oranges and peaches. Among the formulates used ME showed the higher risk of residues over the MRL at harvest.
authors: Dipartimento di Tossicologia, Universit`a di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. aangioni@unica.it
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Angioni
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Dedola
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Garau
authors: Giorgia
authors: G
authors: Sarais
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Cabras
authors: Pierluigi
authors: P
authors: Caboni
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000032:analysis*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D004390:Chlorpyrifos