title: Dairy product intake and its association with body weight and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a population in dietary transition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Higher dairy product intake has shown beneficial effects on body weight, blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Caucasian populations. This study evaluated dairy product intake and its association with body weight and CVD risk profile among a population undergoing a dietary transition in Canada, the Nunavik Inuit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from August 27 to October 1, 2004, in the 14 villages of Nunavik on a Canadian research icebreaker (Canadian Coast Guard ship Amundsen). Dairy product intake and calcium intake were evaluated in 543 Inuit using a food frequency questionnaire. Physiological (lipid profile, fasting glucose, and insulin) and anthropometrical measurements were also obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The range of median dairy product intake extended from 120 g/d in the lowest tertile to 290 g/d in the highest tertile. The median of calcium intake was 524 mg/d. Participants in the highest tertile of dairy product consumption had higher body weight, fat-free mass, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and fasting glucose concentrations than participants in the lowest tertile (all p < 0.01). After adjustments for potential cofactors, no significant association was observed. A higher prevalence of Inuit participants with metabolic syndrome was observed in the higher tertile compared with the first tertile (10.3% vs 1.6%; p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher dairy product intake in Nunavik Inuit is not related to protective effects on body weight and CVD. The consumption of dairy products in Nunavik Inuit is probably not sufficient to withdraw beneficial effects on body weight or CVD risk factors, as observed in North American populations.
authors: Axe Santé des populations & Environnementale, Centre de recherche du CHUL, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. annie.ferland@me.com
authors: Annie
authors: A
authors: Ferland
authors: Benoît
authors: B
authors: Lamarche
authors: Marie-Ludivine
authors: ML
authors: Château-Degat
authors: Emilie
authors: E
authors: Counil
authors: Elhadji
authors: E
authors: Anassour-Laouan-Sidi
authors: Belkacem
authors: B
authors: Abdous
authors: Éric
authors: É
authors: Dewailly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003611:Dairy Products; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D004930:Inuit; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin