title: Brief cognitive behavioural therapy for hallucinations: can it help people who decide not to take antipsychotic medication? A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) can be helpful for many people who experience psychosis; however most research trials have been conducted with people also taking antipsychotic medication. There is little evidence to know whether CBT can help people who choose not to take this medication, despite this being a very frequent event. Developing effective alternatives to antipsychotics would offer service users real choice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report a case study illustrating how brief CBT may be of value to a young person experiencing psychosis and not wishing to take antipsychotic medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe the progress of brief CBT for a young man reporting auditory and visual hallucinations in the form of a controlling and dominating invisible companion. We describe the formulation process and discuss the impact of key interventions such as normalising and detached mindfulness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven sessions of CBT resulted in complete disappearance of the invisible companion. The reduction in frequency and duration followed reduction in conviction in key appraisals concerning uncontrollability and unacceptability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case adds to the existing evidence base by suggesting that even short-term CBT might lead to valued outcomes for service users experiencing psychosis but not wishing to take antipsychotic medication.
authors: Psychosis Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Greater Manchester West Mental Health Foundation NHS Trust, University of Manchester, PRestwich, UK. paulhutton@nhs.net
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Hutton
authors: Anthony P
authors: AP
authors: Morrison
authors: Hannah
authors: H
authors: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief / Q000379:methods*; D011936:Reality Testing; D016312:Treatment Refusal
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents