title: Diphenylpyrazole-derived compounds increase survival time of mice after prion infection.
abstract: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) represent a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders that can be transmitted by natural infection or inoculation. TSEs include scrapie in sheep, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans. The emergence of a variant form of CJD (vCJD), which has been associated with BSE, produced strong pressure to search for effective treatments with new drugs. Up to now, however, TSEs have proved incurable, although many efforts have been made both in vitro and in vivo to search for potent therapeutic and prophylactic compounds. For this purpose, we analyzed a compound library consisting of 10,000 compounds with a cell-based high-throughput screening assay dealing with scrapie-infected scrapie mouse brain and ScN(2)A cells and identified a new class of inhibitors consisting of 3,5-diphenylpyrazole (DPP) derivatives. The most effective DPP derivative showed half-maximal inhibition of PrP(Sc) formation at concentrations (IC(50)) of 0.6 and 1.2 μM, respectively. This compound was subsequently subjected to a number of animal experiments using scrapie-infected wild-type C57BL/6 and transgenic Tga20 mice. The DPP derivative induced a significant increase of incubation time both in therapeutic and prophylactic experiments. The onset of the prion disease was delayed by 37 days after intraperitoneal and 42 days after oral application, respectively. In summary, we demonstrate a high in vitro efficiency of DPP derivatives against prion infections that was substantiated in vivo for one of these compounds. These results indicate that the novel class of DPP compounds should comprise excellent candidates for future therapeutic studies.
authors: Institute for Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
authors: Fabienne
authors: F
authors: Leidel
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Eiden
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Geissen
authors: Hans A
authors: HA
authors: Kretzschmar
authors: Armin
authors: A
authors: Giese
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Hirschberger
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Tavan
authors: Hermann M
authors: HM
authors: Schätzl
authors: Martin H
authors: MH
authors: Groschup
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D018620:PrPSc Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D012608:Scrapie / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D018620:PrPSc Proteins; D011720:Pyrazoles; C570441:2-(5-(3-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-5-methylphenol