title: Misdiagnosis of cervical ectopic pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the presenting symptoms as well as the frequency and reasons for the delayed diagnosis of cervical ectopic pregnancy (CEP) in order to increase detection and prevent treatment delay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series of 15 women treated for CEP from January 1997 through December 2008 at a university teaching hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen patients were treated for CEP during the study period. Eight patients presented to the emergency department, of which 6 (75%) were initially misdiagnosed. The most common misdiagnosis was threatened miscarriage (n = 5). All patients with accurately diagnosed CEP presented with heavy vaginal bleeding; those misdiagnosed reported mild to moderate vaginal bleeding. Three of six patients misdiagnosed did not have an ultrasound performed upon presentation, and three patients had an ultrasound report not suggestive of CEP. CEP was diagnosed on follow-up ultrasound, delaying treatment 1-4 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Misdiagnosis of CEP upon initial presentation is a common occurrence. Transvaginal ultrasound performed by a qualified practitioner may increase detection and prevent treatment delay.
authors: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit Medical Center, 60 W. Hancock Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. vshavell@med.wayne.edu
authors: Valerie I
authors: VI
authors: Shavell
authors: Mazen E
authors: ME
authors: Abdallah
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Zakaria
authors: Jay M
authors: JM
authors: Berman
authors: Michael P
authors: MP
authors: Diamond
authors: Elizabeth E
authors: EE
authors: Puscheck
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult