title: Stereotactic radiotherapy of histologically proven inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer: patterns of failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report patterns of failure of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in inoperable patients with histologically confirmed stage I NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-two inoperable patients (median age: 75 years) with clinically staged, histologically proven T1 (n=31) or T2 (n=61), N0, M0 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were included in this study. Treatment consisted of 3-5 fractions with 7-15 Gy per fraction prescribed to the 60% isodose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Freedom from local recurrence at 1, 3 and 5 years was 89%, 83% and 83%, respectively. All 10 local failures were observed in patients with T2 tumors. Isolated regional recurrence was observed in 7.6%. The crude rate of distant progression was 20.7%. Overall survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 79%, 38% and 17% with a median survival of 29 months. Disease specific survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 93%, 64% and 48%. Karnofsky performance status, T stage, gross tumor volume and tumor location had no significant impact on overall and disease specific survival. SBRT was generally well tolerated and all patients completed therapy as planned.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SBRT for stage I lung cancer is very well tolerated in this patient cohort with significant cardiopulmonal comorbidity and results in excellent local control rates, although a considerable portion develops regional and distant metastases.
authors: Klinik und Poliklinik für Strahlentherapie und Radiologische Onkologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Strasse 22, Munich, Germany. Nicolaus.Andratschke@lrz.tu-muenchen.de
authors: Nicolaus
authors: N
authors: Andratschke
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Zimmermann
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Boehm
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Schill
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Schoenknecht
authors: Reinhard
authors: R
authors: Thamm
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Molls
authors: Carsten
authors: C
authors: Nieder
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Geinitz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015897:Comorbidity; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D017211:Treatment Failure