title: Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy for symptomatic hydronephrosis using a SAND balloon catheter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy (RN) for symptomatic hydronephrosis (SH) is a challenging procedure because of the limited working space. This report describes a specific technical modification for efficient and successful RN for SH by using the SAND balloon catheter.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 38-year-old woman underwent RN for SH caused by extrinsic compression of the ureter by a pelvic endometriosis. The SAND balloon catheter was directly inserted into the expanded hydronephrotic sac, and the liquid was extracted, appropriately. Urine leakage from the hydronephrotic sac could be avoided because the puncture site was sealed firmly between the two adjacent balloons at the tip of the catheter. Disposal counter traction using the catheter facilitated the mobilization of the hydronephrotic sac.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient was discharged 3 days after undergoing this procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method improves the surgeon's vision and facilitates resection without causing any injury to the hydronephrotic sac wall during RN.
authors: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan. nozaki0921@yahoo.co.jp
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Nozaki
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Asao
authors: Takatoshi
authors: T
authors: Ito
authors: Shinji
authors: S
authors: Tsuritani
authors: Akiou
authors: A
authors: Okumura
authors: Yasuyoshi
authors: Y
authors: Fujiuchi
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Fuse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D057785:Catheters; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space