title: Do androgens control the uptake of 18F-FDG, 11C-choline and 11C-acetate in human prostate cancer cell lines?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of androgen ablation therapy in different prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines--reflecting different stages of the disease--on (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), 11C-choline and 11C-acetate uptake.
  
  
  METHODS
  Uptake experiments were performed in androgen-sensitive (LNCaP, PC346C) and independent cell lines (22Rv1, PC346DCC, PC-3) as well as in a benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH-1) cell line. Tracer uptake was assessed under androgen ablation. Results of the cancer cell lines were normalized to those of BPH-1. To evaluate the effect of androgen on the uptake of 18F-FDG, 11C-choline and 11C-acetate in PCa cell lines, 10(-8) M R1881, 10(-10) M R1881, the combination of 10(-10) M R1881 plus 10(-6) M Casodex or 10(-6) M Casodex alone were added in parallel cell cultures 1 day before uptake experiments. Uptake in androgen-supplemented cell cultures was compared to the uptake under androgen deprivation. Uptake was corrected for cell number using protein content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to BPH-1, a higher 18F-FDG uptake was observed only in PC346C cells, whereas a higher 11C-choline and markedly increased 11C-acetate uptake was seen in all cancer cell lines. Androgens significantly modulated the uptake of 18F-FDG in LNCaP, PC346C and 22Rv1 cells, and of 11C-choline in the PC346C and 22Rv1 cell line. No androgenic effect on 11C-choline and 18F-FDG uptake was observed in PC-3 and PC346DCC cells. 11C-Acetate uptake was independent of androgen status in all PCa cell lines studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  18F-FDG uptake in PCa cell lines showed the highest variability and strongest androgen effect, suggesting its poor potential for metabolic imaging of advanced PCa. In contrast to 18F-FDG and 11C-choline, 11C-acetate uptake was unaffected by androgens and thus 11C-acetate seems best for monitoring PCa progression.
authors: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors: Kimy M
authors: KM
authors: Emonds
authors: Johannes V
authors: JV
authors: Swinnen
authors: Wytske M
authors: WM
authors: van Weerden
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Vanderhoydonc
authors: Johan
authors: J
authors: Nuyts
authors: Luc
authors: L
authors: Mortelmans
authors: Felix M
authors: FM
authors: Mottaghy
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism*; D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000728:Androgens; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D002794:Choline