title: Is age-related decline in lean mass and physical function accelerated by obstructive lung disease or smoking?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  and aims Cross-sectional studies suggest that obstructive lung disease (OLD) and smoking affect lean mass and mobility. A study was undertaken to investigate whether OLD and smoking accelerate the ageing-related decline in lean mass and physical functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  260 patients with OLD (mean±SD forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 63±18% predicted), 157 smoking controls (FEV(1) 95±16% predicted), 866 former-smoking controls (FEV1 100±16% predicted) and 891 never-smoking controls (FEV1 104±17% predicted) participating in the Health, Aging and Body Composition (ABC) Study were studied. At baseline the mean age was 74±3 years and participants reported no functional limitations. Baseline and 7-year longitudinal data of body composition (by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), muscle strength (by hand and leg dynamometry) and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with never-smoking controls, patients with OLD and smoking controls had a significantly lower weight, fat mass, lean mass and bone mineral content (BMC) at baseline (p<0.05). While the loss of weight, fat mass, lean mass and strength was comparable between patients with OLD and never-smoking controls, the SPPB declined 0.12 points/year faster in men with OLD (p=0.01) and BMC declined 4 g/year faster in women with OLD (p=0.02). In smoking controls only lean mass declined 0.1 kg/year faster in women (p=0.03) and BMC 8 g/year faster in men (p=0.02) compared with never-smoking controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initially well-functioning older adults with mild-to-moderate OLD and smokers without OLD have a comparable compromised baseline profile of body composition and physical functioning, while 7-year longitudinal trajectories are to a large extent comparable to those observed in never-smokers without OLD. This suggests a common insult earlier in life related to smoking.
authors: Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. b.vdborst@maastrichtuniversity.nl
authors: Bram
authors: B
authors: van den Borst
authors: Annemarie
authors: A
authors: Koster
authors: Binbing
authors: B
authors: Yu
authors: Harry R
authors: HR
authors: Gosker
authors: Bernd
authors: B
authors: Meibohm
authors: Douglas C
authors: DC
authors: Bauer
authors: Stephen B
authors: SB
authors: Kritchevsky
authors: Yongmei
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Anne B
authors: AB
authors: Newman
authors: Tamara B
authors: TB
authors: Harris
authors: Annemie M W J
authors: AM
authors: Schols
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators