title: The involvement of Na+, K+-ATPase activity and free radical generation in the susceptibility to pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures after experimental traumatic brain injury.
abstract: Although the importance of brain trauma as risk factor for the development of epilepsy is well established, the mechanisms of epileptogenesis are not well understood. In the present study, we revealed that the injection of a subthreshold dose of PTZ (30 mg/Kg, i.p.) after 5 weeks of injury induced by Fluid Percussion Brain Injury (FPI) decreased latency for first clonic seizures, increased the time of spent generalized tonic-clonic seizures and electrocorticographic (EEG) wave amplitude. In addition, statistical analysis revealed that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (100mg/kg) supplementation during 5 weeks after neuronal injury protected against behavioral and electrographical seizure activity elicited by subthreshold dose of PTZ. The supplementation of this antioxidant compound also protected against the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity inhibition and concomitant increase in the levels of oxidative stress markers (protein carbonylation and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances-TBARS) in site and peri-contusional cortical tissue. In summary, the current experiments clearly showed that FPI model induces early posttraumatic seizures and suggest that an alteration in the lipid/protein oxidation, membrane fluidity, and Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity may be correlated with neuronal excitability, a significant component of the secondary injury cascade that accompanies TBI.
authors: Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors: Luiz Fernando Almeida
authors: LF
authors: Silva
authors: Maurício Scopel
authors: MS
authors: Hoffmann
authors: Leonardo Magno
authors: LM
authors: Rambo
authors: Leandro Rodrigo
authors: LR
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Frederico Diniz
authors: FD
authors: Lima
authors: Ana Flavia
authors: AF
authors: Furian
authors: Mauro Schneider
authors: MS
authors: Oliveira
authors: Michele Rechia
authors: MR
authors: Fighera
authors: Luiz Fernando Freire
authors: LF
authors: Royes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole