title: Chemical properties of biocrude oil from the hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina algae, swine manure, and digested anaerobic sludge.
abstract: This study explores the influence of wastewater feedstock composition on hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) biocrude oil properties and physico-chemical characteristics. Spirulina algae, swine manure, and digested sludge were converted under HTL conditions (300°C, 10-12 MPa, and 30 min reaction time). Biocrude yields ranged from 9.4% (digested sludge) to 32.6% (Spirulina). Although similar higher heating values (32.0-34.7 MJ/kg) were estimated for all product oils, more detailed characterization revealed significant differences in biocrude chemistry. Feedstock composition influenced the individual compounds identified as well as the biocrude functional group chemistry. Molecular weights tracked with obdurate carbohydrate content and followed the order of Spirulina<swine manure<digested sludge. A similar trend was observed in boiling point distributions and the long branched aliphatic contents. These findings show the importance of HTL feedstock composition and highlight the need for better understanding of biocrude chemistries when considering bio-oil uses and upgrading requirements.
authors: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Newmark Lab, 205 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA. dvardon2@illinois.edu
authors: Derek R
authors: DR
authors: Vardon
authors: B K
authors: BK
authors: Sharma
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Scott
authors: Guo
authors: G
authors: Yu
authors: Zhichao
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Lance
authors: L
authors: Schideman
authors: Yuanhui
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Timothy J
authors: TJ
authors: Strathmann
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D012722:Sewage; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D053545:Spirulina / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage