title: Areawide field study on effect of three chitin synthesis inhibitor baits on populations of Coptotermes formosanus and Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae).
abstract: Periodic sampling of 43 independent monitors, initially active with Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, or the eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), was conducted to evaluate the effects of cellulose baits containing one of three chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs)-diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, or chlorfluazuron-on termite populations. Diflubenzuron at 0.1% active ingredient (AI, wt:wt) had no noticeable effect on termite populations. Chlorfluazuron (0.25% [AI]) significantly reduced termite populations in approximately 3 yr. Chlorfluazuron used after > 2-yr diflubenzuron treatment significantly reduced termite populations within months. This suggests diflubenzuron exposure increased the termite's sensitivity to chlorfluazuron accelerating population collapse. Hexaflumuron (0.5% [AI]) also reduced termite populations in approximately 2 yr. The process of removing most detectable termite populations from the approximately 160,000-m2 campus of the Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA, with CSIs baits required approximately 3 yr. Adjustments in the specific bait formulations and application procedures might reduce time to suppression. Establishment of new independent termite populations provides a mechanism to minimize the effects of baits. Remedial control measures around and under structures should be considered when implementing an area wide management strategy.
authors: Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA. weste.osbrink@ars.usda.gov
authors: Weste L A
authors: WL
authors: Osbrink
authors: Mary L
authors: ML
authors: Cornelius
authors: Alan R
authors: AR
authors: Lax
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides; D002686:Chitin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004132:Diflubenzuron; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides; D020049:Isoptera; D007605:Juvenile Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055820:New Orleans; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D005466:Fluorocarbons
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D002686:Chitin; D004132:Diflubenzuron; D007306:Insecticides; D007605:Juvenile Hormones; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; C058039:hexafluoron; D005466:Fluorocarbons; C057223:chlorfluazuron