title: Nutritional assessment and lipid profile in HIV-infected children and adolescents treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HIV-infected children and adolescents treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens that include a protease inhibitor (PI) can show significant improvements in clinical outcomes, nutritional status and quality of life. The study aimed to report nutritional and metabolic alterations for pediatric patients continuously exposed to HAART and for healthy controls for up to 1 year.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, anthropometric, lipid profile and food intake data were collected prospectively over approximately 12-months for each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-one individuals were studied, of these, 16 were healthy. After 12 months follow-up, HIV-positive individuals remained below the healthy control group parameters. No change was observed concerning food intake. Triglyceride serum levels were higher in patients using protease inhibitor at the onset of the study [PI groups: 114 (43 - 336), and 136 (63 - 271) versus control group: 54.5 (20 - 162); p = 0.003], but after twelve months follow-up, only the group using protease inhibitor for up to two months presented higher values [140 (73 - 273) versus 67.5 (33 - 117); p = 0.004]. HDL-cholesterol was lower in HIV-positive individuals [HIV-positive groups: 36 (27 - 58) and 36 (23 - 43); control 49.5 (34 - 69); p = 0.004].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HIV-infected children and adolescents treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy showed compromised nutritional parameters compared to a paired healthy control group. Individuals using protease inhibitor presented worse triglyceride serum levels compared to their healthy counterparts.
authors: Departamento de Puericultura e Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP.
authors: Marina Hjertquist
authors: MH
authors: Tremeschin
authors: Daniela Saes
authors: DS
authors: Sartorelli
authors: Maria Célia
authors: MC
authors: Cervi
authors: Bento Vidal de Moura
authors: BV
authors: Negrini
authors: Roberta Garcia
authors: RG
authors: Salomão
authors: Jacqueline Pontes
authors: JP
authors: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D014280:Triglycerides