title: Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from pets and horses in Switzerland: molecular characterization and clinical data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether Acinetobacter baumannii isolates of veterinary origin shared common molecular characteristics with those described in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen A. baumannii isolates collected in pets and horses were analysed. Clonality was studied using repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). PCR and DNA sequencing for various β-lactamase, aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme, gyrA and parC, ISAba1 and IS1133, adeR and adeS of the AdeABC efflux pump, carO porin and class 1/2/3 integron genes were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two main clones [A (n = 8) and B (n = 9)] were observed by rep-PCR. MLST indicated that clone A contained isolates of sequence type (ST) ST12 (international clone II) and clone B contained isolates of ST15 (international clone I). Two isolates of ST10 and ST20 were also noted. Seventeen isolates were resistant to gentamicin, 12 to ciprofloxacin and 3 to carbapenems. Isolates of ST12 carried bla(OXA-66), bla(ADC-25), bla(TEM-1), aacC2 and IS1133. Strains of ST15 possessed bla(OXA-69), bla(ADC-11), bla(TEM-1) and a class 1 integron carrying aacC1 and aadA1. ISAba1 was found upstream of bla(ADC) (one ST10 and one ST12) and/or bla(OXA-66) (seven ST12). Twelve isolates of different STs contained the substitutions Ser83Leu in GyrA and Ser80Leu or Glu84Lys in ParC. Significant disruptions of CarO porin and overexpressed efflux pumps were not observed. The majority of infections were hospital acquired and in animals with predisposing conditions for infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  STs and the molecular background of resistance observed in our collection have been frequently described in A. baumannii detected in human patients. Animals should be considered as a potential reservoir of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii.
authors: Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Länggass-Strasse 122, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland. aendimiani@gmail.com
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Endimiani
authors: Kristine M
authors: KM
authors: Hujer
authors: Andrea M
authors: AM
authors: Hujer
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Bertschy
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Rossano
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Koch
authors: Vinzenz
authors: V
authors: Gerber
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Francey
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Bonomo
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: Perreten
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001483:Base Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D006736:Horses / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D057805:Pets / Q000382:microbiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013557:Switzerland
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial