title: Effect of ethanol-wet bonding with hydrophobic adhesive on caries-affected dentine.
abstract: Frequently encountered in clinical practice, caries-affected dentine (CAD) is the most challenging bonding substrate. This study evaluated the effect of ethanol-wet bonding with hydrophobic adhesive to sound dentine and to CAD. In the control groups, prepared sound dentine and CAD were bonded with Adper Single Bond 2 using a traditional water-wet bonding technique. In the experimental groups, the specimens were treated as follows: Group 1, rinsed with stepwise ethanol dehydration; Group 2, immersion in 100% ethanol, three times, for 20 s each time; and Group 3, immersion in 100% ethanol for 20 s. Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) testing was used to evaluate the effects of the different protocols on bonding. The microhardness of debonded dentine surfaces was measured to ensure the presence of CAD. Interfacial nanoleakage was evaluated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Treatment significantly improved the μTBS in CAD in Groups 1 and 2, but had no effect on Group 3. Conversely, treatment significantly reduced the μTBS in sound dentine in Groups 2 and 3, but had no effect in Group 1. The presence of nanoleakage varied with the ethanol-wet protocol used. In conclusion, ethanol-wet bonding can potentially improve bond efficacy to CAD when an appropriate protocol is used.
authors: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors: Xueqing
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Cui
authors: C
authors: Huang
authors: Xijin
authors: X
authors: Du
mesh_terms: D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000473:pathology*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates
chemical_list: C554641:Adper single bond 2; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012997:Solvents; C523330:ethyl 4-N,N-dimethylaminobenzoate; D062366:para-Aminobenzoates; D014867:Water; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D000431:Ethanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D010129:4-Aminobenzoic Acid