title: 4D in in vivo 2-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy with sample motion in 6 degrees of freedom.
abstract: 2-Photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) is often used for chronic in vivo studies. Small deviations in the sample orientation, however, make comparison of three-dimensional image stacks taken at different time-points challenging. When analysing changes of three-dimensional structures over time (4D imaging) this fundamental problem is one of the main limitations when complex structures are studied repetitively. We used an upright two-photon microscope complemented with a software-controlled stage-rotation instead of a conventional stage for chronic in vivo imaging in the brain of transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Before every session an optimal imaging condition was successfully created by aligning the surface of the cranial window perfectly perpendicular to the laser beam. Deviations in the sample orientation between consecutive imaging sessions could be eliminated which improves conditions for chronic in vivo studies.
authors: Center of Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, D-81377 Munich, Germany. scheibe@biz.uni-muenchen.de
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Scheibe
authors: Mario M
authors: MM
authors: Dorostkar
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Seebacher
authors: Rainer
authors: R
authors: Uhl
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Lison
authors: Jochen
authors: J
authors: Herms
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004867:Equipment Design / Q000379:methods; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D012984:Software / Q000592:standards; D012986:Software Validation
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C054562:yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria