title: [Cytosine methylation in DNA and its role in cancer therapy].
abstract: DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is one of three enzymes independently coded in mammalian cells. It catalyses postreplicative synthesis of 5-methylcytosine in DNA. The aim of this modification is regulation of gene expression characteristic for the given organism. DNMT1 maintains methylation pattern by copying it from maternal to daughter stand. S-adenosylo-L-methionina is a donor of methyl group in his process. Disturbance in methylation level results in changes in cell differentiation and finally to tumor transformation. Hypermethylation of promotor or first exon of tumor suppression gene results in silencing of its transcription. While hypomethylation of regulatory sequence of protooncogene and retrotransposon make them transcriptionally active. DNMT1 as a key enzyme in maintaing of proper methylation pattern is a attractive target in anti-tumor therapy.
authors: Instytut Chemii Bioorganicznej, Polska Akademia Nauk, ul. Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań.
authors: Beata
authors: B
authors: Plitta
authors: Małgorzata
authors: M
authors: Giel-Pietraszuk
authors: Wojciech T
authors: WT
authors: Markiewicz
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Barciszewski
mesh_terms: D044503:5-Methylcytosine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D044503:5-Methylcytosine; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; C000619380:DNMT1 protein, human