title: Organochlorine pesticide in fresh and pasteurized cow's milk from Kampala markets.
abstract: Fresh and pasteurized milk samples from Kampala markets were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. Five organochlorine pesticides, namely; aldrin, dieldrin, endosulfan, lindane, DDT and its metabolites were detected in the milk samples and confirmed with a gas chromatograph equipped with a mass spectrometer [GC-MS]. The mean values are expressed in mgkg(-1) milk fat (mf) basis. The mean concentration in the fresh milk (n=54) were: 0.026 ± 0.003 mg kg(-1) mf; 0.002 ± 0.0003 mg kg(-1), below the detection limit; 0.007 ± 0.003 mg kg(-1), 0.009 ± 0.002 mg kg(-1) milk fat for lindane, endosulfan dieldrin and aldrin, respectively. The mean concentrations of p,p'-DDE; p,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDT were 0.009 ± 0.002 mg kg(-1); 0.033 ± 0.007 mg kg(-1) and 0.008 ± 0.001 mg kg(-1) mf, respectively in the fresh milk samples. In the pasteurized milk samples (n=47), the mean concentrations recorded were: 0.008 ± 0.003 mg kg(-1), 0.025 ± 0.004 mg kg(-1), and 0.007 ± 0.001 mg kg(-1), respectively for p,p'-DDE; p,p'-DDT and o,p'-DDT. Alpha and beta-endosulfan recorded the concentration below the detection limit and the mean of 0.022 ± 0.001 mg kg(-1) mf, 0.005 ± 0.002 mg kg(-1) mf, and 0.006 ± 0.0002 mg kg(-1) mf, respectively for lindane, dieldrin and aldrin. Although, most of the residues detected were above the residue limits set by the FAO/WHO (2008), bioaccumulation of these residues is likely to pose health risks to the consumers of milk in Uganda.
authors: Department of Biology, Chemistry and Sports, Kigali Institute of Education, PO Box 5039, Kigali, Rwanda. kednzambitare@yahoo.fr
authors: Edwige
authors: E
authors: Kampire
authors: Bernard T
authors: BT
authors: Kiremire
authors: Steven A
authors: SA
authors: Nyanzi
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Kishimba
mesh_terms: D000452:Aldrin / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D003634:DDT / Q000032:analysis; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000032:analysis; D004026:Dieldrin / Q000032:analysis; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005504:Food Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D014454:Uganda
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010575:Pesticides; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D003634:DDT; C016340:o,p'-DDT; D004026:Dieldrin; D004726:Endosulfan; D000452:Aldrin