title: Reduction of postprandial glycemic excursions in patients with type 1 diabetes: a novel human insulin formulation versus a rapid-acting insulin analog and regular human insulin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evaluation of postprandial glycemic excursions in patients with type 1 diabetes with three prandial insulins: VIAject™ (Linjeta™), an ultra-fast insulin (UFI); insulin lispro (LIS); and regular human insulin (RHI).
  
  
  METHODS
  After stabilization of preprandial glycemia, 18 patients received a subcutaneous injection with an individualized insulin dose prior to a meal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Injection of UFI resulted in a more rapid insulin absorption than with either LIS or RHI (time to half-maximal insulin levels: 13.1 ± 5.2 vs 25.4 ± 7.6 and 38.4 ± 19.5 min; p = .001 vs LIS and p < .001 vs RHI, LIS vs. RHI p < .001). Maximal postprandial glycemia was lower with UFI (0-180 min; 157 ± 30 mg/dl; p = .002 vs RHI) and LIS (170 ± 42 mg/dl; p = .668 vs RHI) than after RHI (191 ± 46 mg/dl; RHI vs LIS p = .008). The difference between maximum and minimum glycemia was smaller with UFI (70 ± 17 mg/dl) than with either RHI (91 ± 33 mg/dl; p = .007 vs UFI) or LIS (89 ± 18 mg/dl; p = .011 vs UFI). Also, the area under the blood glucose profile was lower with UFI than with RHI (0-180 min; 21.8 ± 5.8 vs 28.4 ± 7.6 g·min/dl; p < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rapid absorption of UFI results in a reduction of postprandial glycemic excursions.
authors: Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung, Neuss, Germany. lutz.heinemann@proflinstitute.com
authors: Lutz
authors: L
authors: Heinemann
authors: Marcus
authors: M
authors: Hompesch
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Flacke
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Simms
authors: Rody
authors: R
authors: Pohl
authors: Kerstin
authors: K
authors: Albus
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Pfützner
authors: Solomon
authors: S
authors: Steiner
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D061268:Insulin Lispro / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro