title: Evaluation of the effect of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT or Kegel exercise) and assisted pelvic floor muscle training (APFMT) by a resistance device (Kegelmaster device) on the urinary incontinence in women: a randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) or Kegel exercise with and without assistance by a resistance device (Kegelmaster device) on the urinary incontinence in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized clinical trial was performed on 91 women with the complaint of urinary incontinence. In the assisted pelvic floor muscle training (APFMT) group (n=41), after complete training, Kegelmaster device were used twice daily for 15 min each session, for a total duration of 12 weeks. In the pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) group (n=50) after complete training, kegel exercises were done (including perineal muscle contractions for 6-8s with 6s rest in between), twice daily for 15 min each session and for a total duration of 12 weeks. These two groups were then compared according to the scores of special questionnaires for quality of life, strength of pelvic floor muscles, capability to participate in social activities, severity of urinary incontinence, and the number of involuntary urine passage, taken before, and after 1 and 3 months after finishing interventions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  85 women out of 91 women finished the study (46 in the PFMT group and 39 in the APFMT group). Strength of pelvic floor muscles, capability to participate in social activities, score of quality of life according to three world questionnaires of IQOL (incontinence Quality Of Life), IIQ (Incontinence Impact Questionnaire), UDI (Urogenital Distress Inventory), showed no difference between the two groups 1 and 3 months after interventions. Pair t test showed a significant improvement in both groups 1 and 3 months after intervention, according to IQOL score (P=0.000), UDI score (P=0.000), IIQ score (P=0.000), strength of pelvic floor muscles, (P=0.000), capability to participate in social activities (P=0.000), severity of urinary incontinence (P=0.000) and the number of involuntary urine passage (P=0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pelvic floor muscle training with or without Kegelmaster show no apparent difference to each other, however, these two methods are effective for improvement of urinary incontinence in women.
authors: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Tehran, Iran. maryamkashanian@yahoo.com
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Kashanian
authors: Shadab Shah
authors: SS
authors: Ali
authors: Mitra
authors: M
authors: Nazemi
authors: Shohreh
authors: S
authors: Bahasadri
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D053580:Muscle Strength; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D017773:Pelvic Floor; D011788:Quality of Life; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000009:adverse effects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy