title: SAMHD1: a new insight into HIV-1 restriction in myeloid cells.
abstract: Human myeloid-lineage cells are refractory to HIV-1 infection. The Vpx proteins from HIV-2 and sooty mangabey SIV render these cells permissive to HIV-1 infection through proteasomal degradation of a putative restriction factor. Two recent studies discovered the cellular protein SAMHD1 to be this restriction factor, demonstrating that Vpx induces proteasomal degradation of SAMHD1 and enhances HIV-1 infection in myeloid-lineage cells. SAMHD1 functions as a myeloid-cell-specific HIV-1 restriction factor by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis. Here we discuss the implications of these findings in delineating the mechanisms of HIV-1 restriction in myeloid-lineage cells and the potential role of Vpx in lentiviral pathogenesis.
authors: Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Bioscience, The Ohio State University, 1900 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors: Corine
authors: C
authors: St Gelais
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D000076106:SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1
chemical_list: D000076106:SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1; C484280:SAMHD1 protein, human; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins