title: Fluorescein angiography: insight and serendipity a half century ago.
abstract: It has been 50 years since fluorescein angiography was developed as a clinical procedure by 2 medical students at Indiana University. The story of its discovery and the recognition of its value to ophthalmology involve a combination of insight and serendipity. Fluorescein had been in use clinically for more than half a century, but it took a pulmonary medicine laboratory to provide the stimulus for the development of flash and barrier filters that would make vascular photography practical. The first article was rejected by the ophthalmology literature, but several clinics heard about it and soon documented the enormous diagnostic value of the procedure.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA. marmor@stanford.edu
authors: Michael F
authors: MF
authors: Marmor
authors: James G
authors: JG
authors: Ravin
mesh_terms: D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000266:history; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000266:history*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States