title: Glucose metabolism among residents in Shanghai: natural outcome of a 5-year follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have shown that Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is usually preceded by a condition known as pre-diabetes. However, few studies evaluate the rate of each status of impaired glucose regulation progressed to T2DM and its related metabolic disorders impacting the development.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the natural outcome of glucose metabolism among Shanghai adult residents during a 5-yr period, and estimate the metabolic characteristics related with the conversion of glucose tolerance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey with multiple- stage and random sampling was conducted among 1869 adult residents from Shanghai Pudong New District in 2002. In 2007, 1042 non-diabetic subjects were successfully followed up. All the participants completed a questionnaire and underwent anthropometric measurements and a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of diabetes was higher in isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i- IGT), isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG), and combined fasting and post-prandial hyperglycemia (IFG/IGT) group when compared to that in normal glucose tolerance group, as relative ratios with 95% confidence intervals of 9.2 (5.5- 15.2), 7.5 (3.6-15.7), and 13.2 (5.8-30.2), respectively. Subjects who had 2 or more metabolic disorders had a 2-3-fold higher incidence than those with less than 1 metabolic disorder (all p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People with pre-diabetes are at increased risk of diabetes, suggesting the need for frequent screening in theloe people with several metabolic disorders.
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, 150 Ji-mo Rd., Shanghai 200120, China.
authors: Q
authors: Q
authors: Qian
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Fu
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Meng
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Chen
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Feng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose