title: Effect of 15 days of betaine ingestion on concentric and eccentric force outputs during isokinetic exercise.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of 15 days of betaine supplementation on peak concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) force during isokinetic exercise in active college-aged men. Eleven men volunteered for this study (21.7 ± 5.1 years; height: 178.5 ± 6.4 cm; body mass: 79.8 ± 10.3 kg). Subjects were randomly assigned to either a supplement (BET) or placebo (PL) group. Supplementation occurred for 15 days. Subjects reported to the Human Performance Laboratory on 5 occasions during this period, separated by 72 hours, for a testing and exercise session on an isokinetic chest press device. After each exercise protocol, subjects rated their fatigue and muscle soreness on a 15-cm visual analog scale. Subjects then consumed no daily BET for 4 weeks but maintained familiarity with the exercise device once per week. After the washout period, subjects resumed the BET protocol using the opposite drink and repeated the same 15-day protocol. No differences were noted in maximum CON force output between pre (335.9 ± 78.3 and 321.6 ± 63.6 N) and post (330.3 ± 74.8 and 330.2 ± 71.6 N) workouts in both BET and PL, respectively. In addition, no differences were noted in maximum ECC force output between pre (352.0 ± 90.6 and 324.4 ± 85.2 N) and post (353.2 ± 98.2 and 366.9 ± 128.5 N) workouts in BET and PL, respectively. No differences in subjective measures of soreness and fatigue were seen, but a significant reduction in Δ fatigue was observed in BET compared to PL. In conclusion, 15 days of betaine supplementation did not increase peak CON or ECC force outputs during an isokinetic chest press but did appear to reduce subjective measures of fatigue to the exercise protocol.
authors: Sport and Exercise Science, The University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA. jrhoffma@mail.ucf.edu
authors: Jay R
authors: JR
authors: Hoffman
authors: Nicholas A
authors: NA
authors: Ratamess
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Kang
authors: Adam M
authors: AM
authors: Gonzalez
authors: Noah A
authors: NA
authors: Beller
authors: Stuart A S
authors: SA
authors: Craig
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001622:Betaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D055070:Resistance Training; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001622:Betaine