title: Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with an elevated risk of thromboembolic disease.
abstract: Recent epidemiological studies have suggested an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in lung fibrosis. Large-scale epidemiological data regarding the risk of VTE in pulmonary fibrosis-associated mortality have not been published. Using data from the National Center for Health Statistics from 1988-2007, we determined the risk of VTE in decedents with pulmonary fibrosis in the USA. We analysed 46,450,489 records, of which 218,991 met our criteria for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Among these, 3,815 (1.74%) records also contained a diagnostic code for VTE. The risk of VTE in pulmonary fibrosis decedents was 34% higher than in the background population, and 44% and 54% greater than among decedents with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer, respectively. Those with VTE and pulmonary fibrosis died at a younger age than those with pulmonary fibrosis alone (females: 74.3 versus 77.4 yrs (p<0.0001); males: 72.0 versus 74.4 yrs (p<0.0001)). Decedents with pulmonary fibrosis had a significantly greater risk of VTE. Those with VTE and pulmonary fibrosis died at a younger age than those with pulmonary fibrosis alone. These data suggest a link between a pro-fibrotic and a pro-coagulant state.
authors: Interstitial Lung Disease Program and Autoimmune Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80220, USA.
authors: D B
authors: DB
authors: Sprunger
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Olson
authors: T J
authors: TJ
authors: Huie
authors: E R
authors: ER
authors: Fernandez-Perez
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Fischer
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Solomon
authors: K K
authors: KK
authors: Brown
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Swigris
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012306:Risk; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology