title: Innate immune responses of temperamental and calm cattle after transportation.
abstract: The objective was to investigate measures of cellular innate immune responses among calm and temperamental Brahman bulls in response to handling and transportation. Sixteen Brahman bulls (344 ± 37 d of age; 271.6 ± 45.5 kg BW) classified as either calm (n=8) or temperamental (n=8) were loaded onto a trailer, transported for 4h to a novel facility, rested 16 h overnight, and then were returned to their original facility after a 4h transport. Blood samples were collected immediately prior to (time 0) and at 24, 48, and 96 h after initial loading for analyses of innate immune and blood parameters. Leukocyte counts did not differ (P>0.05) due to temperament before or after transportation, but neutrophil:mononuclear cell ratios were greater in temperamental bulls compared to calm bulls at 24h. At 24h, expression of peripheral neutrophil β(2)-integrin decreased among all bulls compared with 0 h (P<0.01). Temperamental bulls had greater glucose and cortisol than calm bulls (P<0.01) at 48 h; whereas calm bulls had elevated neutrophil L-selectin expression, and phagocytic and oxidative burst activity compared with temperamental bulls (P<0.10) at 48 h. The supernatant collected from endotoxin-stimulated whole blood cultures had greater TNF-α concentrations at 48 h than at the other time points (P<0.05), but no temperament effect was observed (P>0.05). In contrast, 96 h after initial loading the supernatant TNF-α concentrations were lower (P<0.05) among all cattle. Lastly, transportation increased neutrophil phagocytosis, oxidative burst, and cell adhesion molecule expression 96 h post-transportation and the effect was more pronounced among calm bulls. These data suggest that neutrophils from calm bulls are more likely to resist microbial invasion at 96 h after transportation than neutrophils from temperamental bulls.
authors: Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
authors: Lindsey E
authors: LE
authors: Hulbert
authors: Jeff A
authors: JA
authors: Carroll
authors: Nicole C
authors: NC
authors: Burdick
authors: Ronald D
authors: RD
authors: Randel
authors: Mike S
authors: MS
authors: Brown
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Ballou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D016897:Respiratory Burst; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014186:Transportation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018821:CD18 Antigens; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019041:L-Selectin