title: [Tuberculosis and HIV - features of the co-infection].
abstract: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic has allowed the incidence of tuberculosis to rise globally and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis is more complex in patients with HIV/AIDS. Sputum smear microscopy is performing poorly in HIV-infected individuals, who are often started on antituberculosis treatment on clinical grounds. The treatment of coinfected patients requires antituberculosis and antiretroviral drugs to be administered concomittantly; challenges include pill burden and patient compliance, drug interactions, overlapping toxic effects, and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Current guidelines recommend starting antiretroviral treatment within a few weeks of antituberculosis therapy for patients with CD4 cell counts < 350 cells/ul.
authors: Madwaleni Hospital, Elliotdale, Eastern Cape, Südafrika. beatrice.luethi@gmail.com
authors: Beatrice
authors: B
authors: Lüthi
authors: Andreas H
authors: AH
authors: Diacon
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents