title: Biotransformation of the organochlorine pesticide trans-chlordane by wood-rot fungi.
abstract: There is very limited information on the biotransformation of organochlorine pesticide chlordane by microorganisms, and no systematic study on the metabolic products and pathways for chlordane transformation by wood-rot fungi has been conducted. In this study, trans-chlordane was metabolized with the wood-rot fungi species Phlebia lindtneri, Phlebia brevispora and Phlebia aurea, which are capable of degrading polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and heptachlor epoxide. At the end of 42 days of incubation, over 50% of trans-chlordane was degraded by the fungal treatments in pure cultures. These fungi transformed trans-chlordane to at least eleven metabolites including a large amount of hydroxylated products such as 3-hydroxychlordane, chlordene chlorohydrin, heptachlor diol, monohydroxychlordene and dihydroxychlordene. P. lindtneri particularly can metabolize oxychlordane, a recalcitrant epoxide product of chlordane, into a hydroxylated product through substitution of chlorine atom by hydroxyl group. The present results suggest that hydroxylation reactions play an important role in the metabolism of trans-chlordane by these Phlebia species. Additionally, transformation of trans-chlordane and production of hydroxylated metabolites were efficiently inhibited by the addition of cytochrome P450 inhibitors, piperonyl butoxide and 1-aminobenzotriazole, demonstrating that fungal cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved in some steps of trans-chlordane metabolism, particularly in the hydroxylation process.
authors: Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors: Pengfei
authors: P
authors: Xiao
authors: Toshio
authors: T
authors: Mori
authors: Ryuichiro
authors: R
authors: Kondo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001711:Biotransformation; D002706:Chlordan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D014934:Wood / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D007306:Insecticides; D002706:Chlordan; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System