title: Analytical study of azadirachtin and 3-tigloylazadirachtol residues in foliage and phloem of hardwood tree species by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry.
abstract: A rapid and sensitive LC-ESI-MS method has been developed and validated for the quantitation of azadirachtin and 3-tigloylazadirachtol in deciduous tree matrices. The method involves automated extraction and simultaneous cleanup using an accelerated solvent technique with the matrix dispersed in solid phase over a layer of primary-secondary amine silica. The limits of quantification were 0.02 mg/kg for all matrices with the exception of Norway maple foliage (0.05 mg/kg). Validation at three levels (0.02, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg), demonstrated satisfactory recoveries (71-103%) with relative standard deviation <20%. Two in-source fragment ions were used for confirmation at levels above 0.1 mg/kg. Over a period of several months, quality control analyses showed the technique to be robust and effective in tracking the fate of these natural botanical insecticides following systemic injection into various tree species for control of invasive insect pest species such as the emerald ash borer and Asian longhorned beetle.
authors: Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: Grimalt
authors: Dean G
authors: DG
authors: Thompson
authors: Melanie
authors: M
authors: Coppens
authors: Derek T
authors: DT
authors: Chartrand
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Shorney
authors: Joe
authors: J
authors: Meating
authors: Taylor
authors: T
authors: Scarr
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D036701:Limonins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052585:Phloem / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014197:Trees / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D036701:Limonins; D010573:Pesticide Residues; C010329:azadirachtin; C476490:azadirachtin B