title: Phenolic lipid ingredients from cashew nuts.
abstract: Five new phenolic lipids, 2-(8"Z-eicosenoyl)-6-(8'Z-pentadecenyl) salicylic acid (3), 2-(9"Z-hexadecenoyl)-6-(8'Z, 11'Z-pentadecadienyl) methyl salicylate (5), 2-(10"Z, 13"Z-nonadecadienoyl)-6-(8'Z, 11'Z-pentadecadienyl) salicylic acid (6), 2-(16"Z-pentacosenoyl)-6-(8'Z-pentadecenyl) salicylic acid (7) and 2-(9"Z-octadecenoyl)-6-(8'Z, 11'Z-pentadecadienyl) methyl salicylate (8), and three known compounds, cardols (1), anacardic acid (2) and cardanols (4), were isolated from the nuts of the cashew, Anacardium occidentale L. The structures were established on the basis of detailed MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Compound 1 highly enhanced both Th-1 (IL-2, IFN-γ) and Th-2 (IL-4, IL-5) cytokine production, and compounds 7 and 8 highly increased cytokine IL-2 and IFN-γ production in response to concanavalin A in cultured murine Peyer's patch cells ex vivo. The isolated compounds showed moderate inhibitory activities on cytochrome CYP3A4 enzyme.
authors: Venture Business Laboratory, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan. suomaorong@163.com
authors: Maorong
authors: M
authors: Suo
authors: Hasegawa
authors: H
authors: Isao
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Ishida
authors: Yasoku
authors: Y
authors: Shimano
authors: Changxiao
authors: C
authors: Bi
authors: Hikaru
authors: H
authors: Kato
authors: Fumihide
authors: F
authors: Takano
authors: Tomihisa
authors: T
authors: Ohta
mesh_terms: D031021:Anacardium / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000378:metabolism; D065692:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009754:Nuts / Q000737:chemistry*; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D065692:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015848:Interleukin-5; D008055:Lipids; D010636:Phenols; D003208:Concanavalin A; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A