title: Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke increases matrix metalloproteinases and Filaggrin mRNA expression in oral keratinocytes: role of nicotine stimulation.
abstract: The vegetal alkaloid nicotine has been proved to modify the expression of many keratinocyte markers. In this study, the basal expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-28, and Filaggrin has been evaluated in oral keratinocytes, in order to collect information about the ability of cigarette smoke to modify the basal expression pattern of these key enzymes in the absence of evident clinical signs in the oral epithelium. MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-28, and Filaggrin basal expression was investigated by RT-PCR in oral keratinocytes derived from smokers (n=11), non-smokers (n=11), and ex-smokers (n=6) healthy volunteers. Moreover keratinocytes from non-smokers volunteers were stimulated in vitro by a single dose administration of nicotine (10 μM) in order to estimate the effect of nicotinic receptors activation on the basal expression of the studied markers. RT-PCR analysis showed that all the markers studied were overexpressed in keratinocytes from smoker donors compared to control keratinocytes, while a single dose of nicotine was able to induce only Filaggrin expression in keratinocytes from non-smoking donors. Markers expression in ex-smoker donors was similar to that observed in normal non-smoker donors. These data indicate for the first time that cigarette smoking affects basal expression of some important markers in oral mucosa keratinocytes in vivo in the absence of clinical signs and that smoke quitting restores basal expression levels of these markers.
authors: Human Anatomy Laboratory, Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont A. Avogadro, via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy. filippo.reno@med.unipmn.it
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Renò
authors: Vincenzo
authors: V
authors: Rocchetti
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Migliario
authors: Manuela
authors: M
authors: Rizzi
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Cannas
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; C000717249:FLG protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D009538:Nicotine; C424663:MMP28 protein, human; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9