title: Galectin-1 secreted by activated stellate cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma stroma promotes proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells: an in vitro study on the microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to clarify that the activated pancreatic stellate cells (PaSCs) are the origin of the highly expressed galectin-1 in the stroma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tissue and to evaluate the effect of the secreted galectin-1 on proliferation and invasion ability of pancreatic cancer cell line CFPAC-1 in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different kinds of PaSCs were isolated from the normal or cancerous pancreatic tissues and cultured. Immunohistochemistry study, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot were carried out to check the cellular origin of galectin-1 in PDAC tissue. By using modified Boyden chambers, in vitro coculture system of PaSCs was established with the pancreatic cancer cell line CFPAC-1 and based on which we assessed the proliferation and invasion ability of CFPAC-1 with or without galectin-1 antagonists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified PaSCs as the primary source of the highly expressed galectin-1 in PDAC stroma. Galectin-1 secreted by PaSCs increased CFPAC-1 proliferative rate in the proliferation assay and facilitated CFPAC-1 infiltration in the invasion assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under malignant circumstances, PaSCs express and secret galectin-1, which could further promote the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells.
authors: Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China.
authors: Xiaofeng
authors: X
authors: Xue
authors: Zipeng
authors: Z
authors: Lu
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Tang
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Yao
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: An
authors: Junli
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Wentao
authors: W
authors: Gao
authors: Zekuan
authors: Z
authors: Xu
authors: Zhuyin
authors: Z
authors: Qian
authors: Cuncai
authors: C
authors: Dai
authors: Jishu
authors: J
authors: Wei
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Miao
authors: Kuirong
authors: K
authors: Jiang
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D058954:Pancreatic Stellate Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D037483:Galectin 1; C445499:LGALS1 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm