title: HI 6 human serum albumin nanoparticles--development and transport over an in vitro blood-brain barrier model.
abstract: The standard treatment of intoxication with organophosphorus (OP) compounds includes the administration of oximes acting as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactivating antidotes. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the rapid transport of these drugs from the blood into the brain in therapeutically relevant concentrations. Since human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles enable the delivery of a variety of drugs across the BBB into the brain, HI 6 dimethanesulfonate and HI 6 dichloride monohydrate were bound to these nanoparticles in the present study. The resulting sorption isotherms showed a better fit to Freundlich's empirical adsorption isotherm than to Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. At the pH of 8.3 maximum drug binding capacities of 344.8 μg and 322.6 μg per mg of nanoparticles were calculated for HI 6 dimethanesulfonate and HI 6 dichloride monohydrate, respectively. These calculated values are higher than the adsorption capacity of 93.5 μg/mg for obidoxime onto HSA nanoparticles determined in a previous study. In vitro testing of the nanoparticulate oxime formulations in primary porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (pBCEC) demonstrated an up to two times higher reactivation of OP-inhibited AChE than the free oximes. These findings show that nanoparticles made of HSA may enable a sufficient antidote OP-poisoning therapy with HI 6 derivatives even within the central nervous system (CNS).
authors: Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Miriam
authors: M
authors: Dadparvar
authors: Sylvia
authors: S
authors: Wagner
authors: Sascha
authors: S
authors: Wien
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Kufleitner
authors: Franz
authors: F
authors: Worek
authors: Hagen
authors: H
authors: von Briesen
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Kreuter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001692:Biological Transport; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology; D002196:Capillaries / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding; D015195:Drug Design; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008956:Models, Chemical; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010091:Oximes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010316:Particle Size; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D004337:Drug Carriers; D010091:Oximes; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D012709:Serum Albumin; C022870:asoxime chloride