title: Psychometric properties of the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture for hospital management (HSOPS_M).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  From a management perspective, it is necessary to examine how a hospital's top management assess the patient safety culture in their organisation. This study examines whether the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture for hospital management (HSOPS_M) has the same psychometric properties as the HSOPS for hospital employees does.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2008, a questionnaire survey including the HSOPS_M was conducted with 1,224 medical directors from German hospitals. When assessing the psychometric properties, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Additionally, we proved construct validity and internal consistency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 551 medical directors returned the questionnaire. The results of the CFA suggested a satisfactory global data fit. The indices of local fit indicated a good, but not satisfactory convergent validity. Analyses of construct validity indicated that not all safety culture dimensions were readily distinguishable. However, Cronbach's alpha indicated that the dimensions had an acceptable level of reliability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The analyses of the psychometric properties of the HSOPS_M resulted in reasonably good levels of property values. Although the set of dimensions within the HSOPS_M needs further scale refinement, the questionnaire covers a broad range of sub-dimensions and supplies important information on safety culture. The HSOPS_M, therefore, is eligible to measure safety culture from the hospital management's points of view and could be used in nationwide hospital surveys to make inter-organisational comparisons.
authors: Institute for Medical Sociology, Health Services Research and Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Human Science and Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. antje.hammer@uk-koeln.de
authors: Antje
authors: A
authors: Hammer
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Ernstmann
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Ommen
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Wirtz
authors: Tanja
authors: T
authors: Manser
authors: Yvonne
authors: Y
authors: Pfeiffer
authors: Holger
authors: H
authors: Pfaff
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006739:Hospital Administration; D006801:Humans; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015279:Organizational Culture; D011594:Psychometrics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017751:Safety Management