title: Contrasting population structures of two vectors of African trypanosomoses in Burkina Faso: consequences for control.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  African animal trypanosomosis is a major obstacle to the development of more efficient and sustainable livestock production systems in West Africa. Riverine tsetse species such as Glossina palpalis gambiensis Vanderplank and Glossina tachinoides Westwood are the major vectors. A wide variety of control tactics is available to manage these vectors, but their removal will in most cases only be sustainable if the control effort is targeting an entire tsetse population within a circumscribed area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the present study, genetic variation at microsatellite DNA loci was used to examine the population structure of G. p. gambiensis and G. tachinoides inhabiting four adjacent river basins in Burkina Faso, i.e. the Mouhoun, the Comoé, the Niger and the Sissili River Basins. Isolation by distance was significant for both species across river basins, and dispersal of G. tachinoides was ∼3 times higher than that of G. p. gambiensis. Thus, the data presented indicate that no strong barriers to gene flow exists between riverine tsetse populations in adjacent river basins, especially so for G. tachinoides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, potential re-invasion of flies from adjacent river basins will have to be prevented by establishing buffer zones between the Mouhoun and the other river basin(s), in the framework of the PATTEC (Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomosis Eradication Campaign) eradication project that is presently targeting the northern part of the Mouhoun River Basin. We argue that these genetic analyses should always be part of the baseline data collection before any tsetse control project is initiated.
authors: Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, University of Abidjan, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
authors: Naférima
authors: N
authors: Koné
authors: Jérémy
authors: J
authors: Bouyer
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Ravel
authors: Marc J B
authors: MJ
authors: Vreysen
authors: Kouadjo T
authors: KT
authors: Domagni
authors: Sandrine
authors: S
authors: Causse
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Solano
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: de Meeûs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002050:Burkina Faso / Q000453:epidemiology; D004199:Disease Vectors; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*