title: Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and larvicidal effects of essential oil from leaves of Apium graveolens.
abstract: The leaves of Apium graveolens were extracted and the essential oil composition, immunotoxicity effects, and antioxidant activity were studied. The analyses were conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), which revealed the essential oils of A. graveolens leaves. Twenty-eight components, representing 73.72% of the total oil were identified from the leaves. The major components are 4-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1-imidazolyl)-valerophenone (19.90%), 1-dodecanol (16.55%), 9-octadecen-12-ynoic acid, methyl ester (4.93%), ethyl 4,4-D2-N-hexyl ether (4.11%), 3-(hydroxymethyl)-1-phenyl-1-heptadecyn-3-ol (3.28%), 1,4-methano-1H-indene, octahydro-4-methyl-8-methylene-7-(1-methylethyl)-, [1S-(1α,3αα,4α,7α,7αα)]- (2.99%), 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-(3″-t-butyl)benzodioxepine (2.56%), Z-10-tetradecen-1-ol acetate (2.53%), 9H-pyrrolo[3',4':3,4]pyrrolo[2,1-α]phthalazine-9, 11(10H)-dione, 10-ethyl-8-phenyl (2.07%). The leaf oil had significant toxic effects against the larvae of A. aegypti with an LC(50) value of 59.32 ppm and an LC(90) value of 127.69 ppm. The essential oil from the A. graveolens leaves was investigated for scavenging of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity and the results demonstrate that the essential oil from the A. graveolens has potential as a natural antioxidant and thus inhibit unwanted oxidation process. The above data indicate that the major compounds may play an important role in the toxicity of essential oils and also as natural antioxidant.
authors: Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Praveen
authors: P
authors: Nagella
authors: Ateeque
authors: A
authors: Ahmad
authors: Sun-Jin
authors: SJ
authors: Kim
authors: Ill-Min
authors: IM
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077102:Apium / Q000737:chemistry*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010851:Picrates; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl