title: Arsenic exposure and motor function among children in Bangladesh.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several reports indicate that drinking water arsenic (WAs) and manganese (WMn) are associated with children's intellectual function. Very little is known, however, about possible associations with other neurologic outcomes such as motor function.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the associations of WAs and WMn with motor function in 304 children in Bangladesh, 8-11 years of age. We measured As and Mn concentrations in drinking water, blood, urine, and toenails. We assessed motor function with the Bruininks-Oseretsky test, version 2, in four subscales-fine manual control (FMC), manual coordination (MC), body coordination (BC), and strength and agility-which can be summarized with a total motor composite score (TMC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Log-transformed blood As was associated with decreases in TMC [β = -3.63; 95% confidence interval (CI): -6.72, -0.54; p < 0.01], FMC (β = -1.68; 95% CI: -3.19, -0.18; p < 0.05), and BC (β = -1.61; 95% CI: -2.72, -0.51; p < 0.01), with adjustment for sex, school attendance, head circumference, mother's intelligence, plasma ferritin, and blood Mn, lead, and selenium. Other measures of As exposure (WAs, urinary As, and toenail As) also were inversely associated with motor function scores, particularly TMC and BC. Square-transformed blood selenium was positively associated with TMC (β = 3.54; 95% CI: 1.10, 6.0; p < 0.01), FMC (β = 1.55; 95% CI: 0.40, 2.70; p < 0.005), and MC (β = 1.57; 95% CI: 0.60, 2.75; p < 0.005) in the unadjusted models. Mn exposure was not significantly associated with motor function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our research demonstrates an adverse association of As exposure and a protective association of Se on motor function in children.
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA.
authors: Faruque
authors: F
authors: Parvez
authors: Gail A
authors: GA
authors: Wasserman
authors: Pam
authors: P
authors: Factor-Litvak
authors: Xinhua
authors: X
authors: Liu
authors: Vesna
authors: V
authors: Slavkovich
authors: Abu B
authors: AB
authors: Siddique
authors: Rebeka
authors: R
authors: Sultana
authors: Ruksana
authors: R
authors: Sultana
authors: Tariqul
authors: T
authors: Islam
authors: Diane
authors: D
authors: Levy
authors: Jacob L
authors: JL
authors: Mey
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: van Geen
authors: Khalid
authors: K
authors: Khan
authors: Jennie
authors: J
authors: Kline
authors: Habibul
authors: H
authors: Ahsan
authors: Joseph H
authors: JH
authors: Graziano
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009048:Motor Skills; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009262:Nails / Q000737:chemistry; D012643:Selenium / Q000097:blood; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead; D008345:Manganese; D012643:Selenium; D001151:Arsenic