title: Effort reward imbalance is associated with vagal withdrawal in Danish public sector employees.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current study analyzed the relationship between psychosocial work environment assessed by the Effort Reward Imbalance Model (ERI-model) and heart rate variability (HRV) measured at baseline and again, two years later, as this relationship is scarcely covered by the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements of HRV during seated rest were obtained from 231 public sector employees. The associations between the ERI-model, and HRV were examined using a series of mixed effects models. The dependent variables were the logarithmically transformed levels of HRV-measures. Gender and year of measurement were included as factors, whereas age, and time of measurement were included as covariates. Subject was included as a random effect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Effort and effort reward imbalance were positively associated with heart rate and the ratio between low frequency (LF) and high frequency power (HF) and negatively associated with total power (TP) and HF. Reward was positively associated with TP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adverse psychosocial work environment according to the ERI-model was associated with HRV, especially in the form of vagal withdrawal and most pronounced in women.
authors: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. nell0005@bbh.regionh.dk
authors: Nanna Hurwitz
authors: NH
authors: Eller
authors: Morten
authors: M
authors: Blønd
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Nielsen
authors: Jesper
authors: J
authors: Kristiansen
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Netterstrøm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003718:Denmark; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009790:Occupations; D017150:Public Sector; D012201:Reward; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D012931:Social Environment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D014937:Work / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin