title: Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of friedelin isolated from Azima tetracantha Lam. in mouse and rat models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Friedelin was isolated from Azima tetracantha Lam. leaves collected from Kallakurichi, Villuppuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of friedelin have been investigated in Wistar rats and mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Friedelin was isolated from the hexane extract of leaves of A. tetracantha using column chromatography. The effects of friedelin on inflammation were studied by using carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema, croton oil-induced ear oedema, acetic acid-induced vascular permeability, cotton pellet-induced granuloma and adjuvant-induced arthritis. The analgesic effect of friedelin was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction response, formalin-induced paw licking response and the hot-plate test. The antipyretic effect of friedelin was evaluated using the yeast-induced hyperthermia test in rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the acute phase of inflammation, maximum inhibitions of 52.5 and 68.7% (P<0.05) were noted with 40 mg/kg friedelin in carrageenan-induced paw oedema and croton oil-induced ear oedema, respectively. Administration of friedelin (40 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.05) decreased the formation of granuloma tissue induced by cotton pellet at a rate of 36.3%. In the adjuvant-induced arthritis test friedelin inhibited 54.5% of paw thickness. Friedelin inhibited acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in mice. Friedelin also produced significant (P<0.05) analgesic activity in the acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction response and formalin-induced paw licking response. In the hot-plate test, friedelin did not show any significant results when compared with control. Treatment with friedelin showed a significant (P<0.05) dose-dependent reduction in pyrexia in rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested that friedelin possessed potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities.
authors: Division of Ethnopharmacology, Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors: Paulrayer
authors: P
authors: Antonisamy
authors: Veeramuthu
authors: V
authors: Duraipandiyan
authors: Savarimuthu
authors: S
authors: Ignacimuthu
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058633:Antipyretics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004423:Ear; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005528:Foot; D006099:Granuloma / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D032121:Salvadoraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000094042:Lupanes
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D058633:Antipyretics; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; C060796:friedelin; D000094042:Lupanes