title: Prenatal exposure to phthalates and infant development at 6 months: prospective Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are increasing concerns over adverse effects of prenatal phthalate exposure on the neurodevelopment of infants.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to explore the association between prenatal di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate exposure and the Mental and Psychomotor Developmental Indices (MDI and PDI, respectively) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 6 months, as part of the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2006 and 2009, 460 mother-infant pairs from Seoul, Cheonan, and Ulsan, Korea, participated. Prenatal mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) were measured in one urine sample acquired from each mother during the third trimester of pregnancy. Associations with log-transformed creatinine-corrected phthalate concentrations were estimated using linear regression models adjusted for potential confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDI was inversely associated with the natural log concentrations (micrograms per gram creatinine) of MEHHP [β = -0.97; confidence interval (CI), -1.85 to -0.08] and MEOHP (β = -0.95; CI, -1.87 to -0.03), and PDI was inversely associated with MEHHP (β = -1.20; CI, -2.33 to -0.08). In males, MDI was inversely associated with MEHHP (β = -1.46; CI, -2.70 to -0.22), MEOHP (β = -1.57; CI, -2.87 to -0.28), and MBP (β = -0.93; CI, -1.82 to -0.05); PDI was inversely associated with MEHHP (β = -2.36; CI, -3.94 to -0.79), MEOHP (β = -2.05; CI, -3.71 to -0.39), and MBP (β = -1.25; CI, -2.40 to -0.11). No significant linear associations were observed for females.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that prenatal exposure to phthalates may be inversely associated with the MDI and PDI of infants, particularly males, at 6 months.
authors: Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Yeni
authors: Y
authors: Kim
authors: Eun-Hee
authors: EH
authors: Ha
authors: Eui-Jung
authors: EJ
authors: Kim
authors: Hyesook
authors: H
authors: Park
authors: Mina
authors: M
authors: Ha
authors: Ja-Hyeong
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Yun-Chul
authors: YC
authors: Hong
authors: Namsoo
authors: N
authors: Chang
authors: Bung-Nyun
authors: BN
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000633:toxicity; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D010795:Phthalic Acids; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate