title: Is the GSTM1 null polymorphism a risk factor in primary open angle glaucoma?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of glutathione S-transferase (GST) GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes with the risk of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and clinical features of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case-control study that included 87 Brazilian patients with POAG and 85 healthy controls matched for age, ethnicity, and sex, whose blood samples were genotyped for polymorphisms in GST genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The GSTM1 null polymorphism was significantly more common in the POAG than in the controls group (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.13-3.9; p=0.018). The combined GSTM1 null/GSTT1+ genotype and GSTM1 null/GSTP1 Ile/Val or Val/Val was more prevalent in POAG patients, being a risk factor for POAG (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.16-4.9; p=0.016 and OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.07-6.74; p=0.033, respectively). The GSTM1 null/GSTT1+ genotype were associated with higher levels of IOP of both eyes and with more severe defect of the right eye optic nerve. The GSTM1 null/GSTP1 Ile/Val or Val/Val genotypes were associated with higher levels of IOP and more advanced defect of the right eye optic nerve and visual field.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate that GSTM1 null polymorphism is associated with POAG in the Brazilian population.
authors: Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Laboratório de Farmacogenômica e Epidemiologia Molecular, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil.
authors: Auta Viviane
authors: AV
authors: Rocha
authors: Teddy
authors: T
authors: Talbot
authors: Thiago
authors: T
authors: Magalhães da Silva
authors: Maria Clarinda
authors: MC
authors: Almeida
authors: Carlos Alberto
authors: CA
authors: Menezes
authors: Giuliano
authors: G
authors: Di Pietro
authors: Fabrício
authors: F
authors: Rios-Santos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018628:Gene Dosage; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human