title: Antibiotic susceptibility profile of Helicobacter pylori isolated from the dyspepsia patients in Tehran, Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Helicobacter pylori is an important pathogen for gastroduodenal diseases. Infection with H. pylori can be limited by regimens of multiple antimicrobial agents. However, antibiotic resistance is a leading cause of treatment failure. The aim of this study has been to determine the resistance patterns of H. pylori strains isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with dyspepsia by agar dilution method, in Tehran, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  H. pylori isolates from patients with gastrointestinal diseases were evaluated for susceptibility testing by agar dilution method. Susceptibility testing was performed to commonly used antibiotics including clarithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, metronidazole and ciprofloxacin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 92 patients with dyspepsia, H. pylori strains were isolated from 42 patients. Seventeen (40.5%) of the isolates were resistant to metronidazole (MICs ≥ 8 μg/l), whereas one isolate (2.4%) was resistant to amoxicillin (MICs ≤ 0. 5 μg/ml) and ciprofloxacin (MICs ≤ 1μg/ml). The resistance rates to other antibiotics in H. pylori isolates are recorded as follows: clarithromycin 6 (14.3 %), tetracycline 2 (4.8%). In 5 of 42 resistant cases, combined resistance was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that metronidazole should be used among Iranian patients in first-line therapy with caution, and ciprofloxacin in association with amoxicillin and a proton pump inhibitor is more recommended.
authors: Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Leila
authors: L
authors: Shokrzadeh
authors: Fereshteh
authors: F
authors: Jafari
authors: Hossein
authors: H
authors: Dabiri
authors: Kaveh
authors: K
authors: Baghaei
authors: Homayoun
authors: H
authors: Zojaji
authors: Amir H
authors: AH
authors: Alizadeh
authors: Mohammad Mehdi
authors: MM
authors: Aslani
authors: Mohammad R
authors: MR
authors: Zali
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D013752:Tetracycline