title: Formulation optimization of transdermal meloxicam potassium-loaded mesomorphic phases containing ethanol, oleic acid and mixture surfactant using the statistical experimental design methodology.
abstract: Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to develop and optimize the mesomorphic phase formulation for a meloxicam transdermal dosage form. A mixture design was applied to prepare formulations which consisted of three independent variables including oleic acid (X(1)), distilled water (X(2)) and ethanol (X(3)). The flux and lag time (LT) were selected as dependent variables. The result showed that using mesomorphic phases as vehicles can significantly increase flux and shorten LT of drug. The analysis of variance showed that the permeation parameters of meloxicam from formulations were significantly influenced by the independent variables and their interactions. The X(3) (ethanol) had the greatest potential influence on the flux and LT, followed by X(1) and X(2). A new formulation was prepared according to the independent levels provided by RSM. The observed responses were in close agreement with the predicted values, demonstrating that RSM could be successfully used to optimize mesomorphic phase formulations.
authors: School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University , 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan.
authors: Chi-Te
authors: CT
authors: Huang
authors: Chia-Hsun
authors: CH
authors: Tsai
authors: Hsin-Yeh
authors: HY
authors: Tsou
authors: Yaw-Bin
authors: YB
authors: Huang
authors: Yi-Hung
authors: YH
authors: Tsai
authors: Pao-Chu
authors: PC
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D000077239:Meloxicam; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D044367:Phase Transition; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004337:Drug Carriers; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D019301:Oleic Acid; D000431:Ethanol; D000077239:Meloxicam