title: A randomised controlled trial of extended brief intervention for alcohol dependent patients in an acute hospital setting (ADPAC).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alcohol dependence affects approximately 3% of the English population, and accounts for significant medical and psychiatric morbidity. Only 5.6% of alcohol-dependent individuals ever access specialist treatment and only a small percentage ever seek treatment. As people who are alcohol dependent are more likely to have experienced health problems leading to frequent attendance at acute hospitals it would seem both sensible and practical to ensure that this setting is utilised as a major access point for treatment, and to test the effectiveness of these treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a randomised controlled trial with a primary hypothesis that extended brief interventions (EBI) delivered to alcohol-dependent patients in a hospital setting by an Alcohol Specialist Nurse (ASN) will be effective when compared to usual care in reducing overall alcohol consumption and improving on the standard measures of alcohol dependence. Consecutive patients will be screened for alcohol misuse in the Emergency Department (ED) of a district general hospital. On identification of an alcohol-related problem, following informed written consent, we aim to randomize 130 patients per group. The ASN will discharge to usual clinical care all control group patients, and plan a programme of EBI for treatment group patients. Follow-up interview will be undertaken by a researcher blinded to the intervention at 12 and 24 weeks. The primary outcome measure is level of alcohol dependence as determined by the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ) score. Secondary outcome measures include; Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score, quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption, health-related quality of life measures, service utilisation, and patient experience. The trial will also allow an assessment of the cost-effectiveness of EBI in an acute hospital setting. In addition, patient experience will be assessed using qualitative methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper presents a protocol for a RCT of EBI delivered to alcohol dependent patients by an ASN within an ED. Importantly; the trial will also seek to understand patients' perceptions and experiences of being part of a RCT and of receiving this form of intervention.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN: ISRCTN78062794.
authors: The Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. lynno@liv.ac.uk
authors: Lynn
authors: L
authors: Owens
authors: Graham
authors: G
authors: Butcher
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: Gilmore
authors: Ruwanthi
authors: R
authors: Kolamunnage-Dona
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Oyee
authors: Liz
authors: L
authors: Perkins
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Walley
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: Williamson
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Wilson
authors: Munir
authors: M
authors: Pirmohamed
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000628:therapy*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010361:Patients; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013222:State Medicine; D055815:Young Adult