title: Chemical constituents of Polygala tenuifolia roots and their inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in BV2 microglia.
abstract: A methanolic extract of the roots of Polygala tenuifolia (Polygalaceae) significantly attenuated nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Five xanthones, 1-hydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone (1), 3,6-dihydroxy-1,2,7-trimethoxyxanthone (2), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxyxanthone (3), 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone (4) and 1,7-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (5), and five phenylpropanoids, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxypropiophenone (6), methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid (7), 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (8), 4-methoxycinnamic acid (9) and β-d-(3-O-sinapoyl) fructofuranosyl-α-d-(6-O-sinapoyl)glucopyranoside (10), were isolated from CHCl(3) fraction using bioactivity-guided fractionation. Among these compounds, compounds 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 showed significant inhibitory effects on LPS-induced NO production in BV2 microglia cells at the concentration ranging from 10.0 to 100.0 μM.
authors: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Seoul National University , Daehak-Dong, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Namki
authors: N
authors: Cho
authors: Jungmoo
authors: J
authors: Huh
authors: Heejung
authors: H
authors: Yang
authors: Eun Ju
authors: EJ
authors: Jeong
authors: Young Choong
authors: YC
authors: Kim
authors: Jinwoong
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: Sang Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Sung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D031801:Polygala / Q000737:chemistry*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044004:Xanthones; D009569:Nitric Oxide