title: Regional assessment of groundwater quality for drinking purpose.
abstract: Owing to limited surface water during a long-term drought, this work attempted to locate clean and safe groundwater in the Choushui River alluvial fan of Taiwan based on drinking-water quality standards. Because aquifers contained several pollutants, multivariate indicator kriging (MVIK) was adopted to integrate the multiple pollutants in groundwater based on drinking- and raw-water quality standards and to explore spatial uncertainty. According to probabilities estimated by MVIK, safe zones were determined under four treatment conditions--no treatment; ammonium-N and iron removal; manganese and arsenic removal; and ammonium-N, iron, manganese, and arsenic removal. The analyzed results reveal that groundwater in the study area is not appropriate for drinking use without any treatments because of high ammonium-N, iron, manganese, and/or arsenic concentrations. After ammonium-N, iron, manganese, and arsenic removed, about 81.9-94.9% of total areas can extract safe groundwater for drinking. The proximal-fan, central mid-fan, southern mid-fan, and northern regions are the excellent locations to pump safe groundwater for drinking after treatment. Deep aquifers of exceeding 200 m depth have wider regions to obtain excellent groundwater than shallow aquifers do.
authors: Department of Leisure and Recreation Management, Kainan University, Luzhu, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 338, Republic of China. csjang@mail.knu.edu.tw
authors: Cheng-Shin
authors: CS
authors: Jang
mesh_terms: D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D013624:Taiwan; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical