title: Analysis of peptidyl-propyl-cis/trans isomerase 1 (PIN1) gene -842(G > C) and -667(T > C) polymorphic variants in relation to breast cancer risk and clinico-pathological parameters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the peptidyl-propyl-cis/trans isomerase 1 (PIN1) -842(G > C) and -667(T > C) polymorphic variants and breast cancer risk among Malaysian ethnic groups namely the Malays, Chinese and Indians, as well as clinico-pathological characteristics of the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to genotype 387 breast cancer patients and 252 normal and healthy women who had no history of any malignancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of -842(G > C) and -667(T > C) genotypes and alleles frequencies between breast cancer cases and normal individuals showed lack of statistical significance among the Malays (p > 0.05), Chinese (p > 0.05) and Indians (p > 0.05), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the Malay, Chinese and Indian women who were -842CC homozygotes (p = 0.198, 0.089, 0.620), -842GC heterozygotes (p = 0.492, 0.176, 0.377) and -842C allele carriers (P = 0.226, 0.059, 0.669), respectively, were not associated with breast cancer risk. Furthermore Malay, Chinese and Indian women who were heterozygous (p = 0.777, 0.319, 0.710) and homozygous (p = 0.864, 0.986, 0.954) for -667C allele or carriers of -667C allele (p = 0.977, 0.915, 0.880), respectively, were not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. None of the -842C and -667C allele genotypes were significantly associated with the clinico-pathological characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that the polymorphic variants of -842(G > C) and -667(T > C) genes may not appear to have an influence on breast cancer risk among Malaysian Malay, Chinese and Indian women.
authors: School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Sunway Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. kdrakeshna@hotmail.com
authors: Rakesh
authors: R
authors: Naidu
authors: Yip C
authors: YC
authors: Har
authors: Nur A M
authors: NA
authors: Taib
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008296:Malaysia; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072340:NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000072340:NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C000606846:PIN1 protein, human; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase