title: Plaque formation assay for human parainfluenza virus type 1.
abstract: Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (hPIV1) generally does not show visible plaques in common cell lines, including Lewis lung carcinoma-monkey kidney (LLC-MK(2)) cells, by plaque formation assays for human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV3) and Sendai virus. In several conditions of the plaque formation assay, complete elimination of serum proteins in the overlay medium was necessary for visualization of hPIV1-induced plaque formation in LLC-MK(2) cells. We developed a plaque formation assay for hPIV1 isolation and titration in LLC-MK(2) cells using an initial overlay medium of bovine serum albumin-free Eagle's minimum essential medium containing agarose and acetylated trypsin for 4-6 d followed by a second overlay staining medium containing agarose and neutral red. The assay allowed both laboratory and clinical hPIV1 strains to form large plaques. The plaque reduction assay was also performed with rabbit anti-hPIV1 antibody as a general evaluation model of viral inhibitors to decrease both the plaque number and size. The results indicate that the plaque formation assay is useful for hPIV1 isolation, titration, evaluation of antiviral reagents and epidemiologic research.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Global COE Program for Innovation in Human Health Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52–1 Yada, Shizuoka 422–8526, Japan.
authors: Keijo
authors: K
authors: Fukushima
authors: Tadanobu
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Takaguchi
authors: Hiroo
authors: H
authors: Ueyama
authors: Seigo
authors: S
authors: Ito
authors: Yuuki
authors: Y
authors: Kurebayashi
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Kawanishi
authors: Jennifer Lois
authors: JL
authors: McKimm-Breschkin
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Takimoto
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Minami
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003470:Culture Media; D010222:Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human / Q000254:growth & development*; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media