title: Gestational diabetes mellitus complicating twin pregnancies.
abstract: To compare outcomes of twin pregnancies with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  
  
  
  We compared 105 twin pregnancies with GDM (7.8% of all twin pregnancies) to 315 controls without GDM, matched for gestational age, chorionicity and year of birth.
  
  
  
  Pre-gravid obesity appears to predispose women to GDM during twin pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) 3.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7, 7.0]. Overweight and obese women that subsequently developed GDM during their twin gestation were less likely to conceive spontaneously (OR 0.4; 95% CI 0.3, 0.7). Twins from the GDM group had more respiratory distress syndrome (RDS, OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.3, 3.7) and had a three-fold, but not significantly increased perinatal mortality rate. Birth weight characteristics were similar in both groups.
  
  
  
  Twin pregnancies complicated by GDM might be associated with pre-pregnancy maternal obesity and are at increased risk of RDS and non-significant increased risk of perinatal death.
authors: Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Maternity Dr. Alfredo da Costa, Lisbon, Portugal.
authors: Teresinha
authors: T
authors: Simões
authors: Alexandra
authors: A
authors: Queirós
authors: Lucia
authors: L
authors: Correia
authors: Tiago
authors: T
authors: Rocha
authors: Elsa
authors: E
authors: Dias
authors: Isaac
authors: I
authors: Blickstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015984:Causality; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000209:etiology; D014427:Twins