title: Pathophysiological premises to radiotracers for bone metastases.
abstract: Aim of our paper is to review the most important radio-compounds that can be successfully used to detect and/or characterize bone metastases. From a didactic point of view, we made a distinction between two main categories , the first allowing to individuate bone's reaction (osteotropic agents), the second trying to detect metastatic tumor cells (oncotropic agents). A wide description of the most diffuse Tc-99m diphosphonates , including analysis of uptake mechanisms and pharmacokinetics, is followed by a brief report on pathophysiological premises to the clinical use of F-18 fluoride and of specific (radioiodine, radiolabeled somatostatin or cathecolamine analogues) or non specific, as Tc-99m sestamibi, F-18 fluorodeoxhyglucose, F-18 choline, F-18 thymidine) oncotropic agents. At the end, the possibility to use diagnostic radiotracers to act both in recruiting patients with bone metastases undergoing radionuclide therapy and for their dosimetric evaluation is also discussed.
authors: Nuclear Medicine Division, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Cuccurullo
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Cascini
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rossi
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Tamburrini
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rotondo
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Mansi
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011859:Radiography; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017556:Technetium Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017556:Technetium Compounds; C516370:fluoromethylcholine; C043437:fluorodopa F 18; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; C061972:samarium Sm-153 lexidronam; C029045:technetium Tc 99m diphosphonate; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D002794:Choline