title: Azospirillum formosense sp. nov., a diazotroph from agricultural soil.
abstract: A gram-negative, spiral or rod-shaped, non-spore-forming diazotrophic bacterium, designated CC-Nfb-7(T), was isolated from agricultural soil in Yunlin County, Taiwan. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain CC-Nfb-7(T) was most closely related to Azospirillum brasilense DSM 1690(T) (97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Azospirillum rugosum IMMIB AFH-6(T) (96.8 %) and Azospirillum oryzae JCM 21588(T) (96.6 %); <96.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was found with all other members of the genus Azospirillum. DNA-DNA relatedness between strain CC-Nfb-7(T) and A. brasilense DSM 1690(T), A. rugosum DSM 19657(T) and A. oryzae JCM 21588(T) was 38.9, 30.1 and 31.8 %, respectively. The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10. The major fatty acids were summed feature 8 (consisting of C(18 : 1)ω7c and/or C(18 : 1)ω6c), summed feature 3 (consisting of C(16 : 1)ω7c and/or C(16 : 1)ω6c), summed feature 2 (consisting of C(14 : 0) 3-OH and/or iso-C(16 : 1) I), C(16 : 0), C(18 : 0) 2-OH and C(16 : 0) 3-OH. The polar lipids consisted mainly of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and one unidentified phospholipid. Furthermore, moderate amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine and one unidentified aminophospholipid were also detected. Strain CC-Nfb-7(T) could be distinguished from members of phylogenetically related species by differences in phenotypic properties. On the basis of morphological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain CC-Nfb-7(T) represents a novel species within the genus Azospirillum, for which we propose the name Azospirillum formosense sp. nov. The type strain is CC-Nfb-7(T) ( = BCRC 80273(T) = JCM 17639(T) = DSM 24137(T)).
authors: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Shih-Yao
authors: SY
authors: Lin
authors: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Fo-Ting
authors: FT
authors: Shen
authors: Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Arts and Sciences, National Formosa University, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Li-Sen
authors: LS
authors: Young
authors: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Zhi-Long
authors: ZL
authors: Zhu
authors: Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Wen-Ming
authors: WM
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Chiu-Chung
authors: CC
authors: Young
mesh_terms: D015806:Azospirillum brasilense / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D011809:Quinones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S