title: Update on childhood and adolescent immunizations: selected review of US recommendations and literature: part 2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a clinically relevant synopsis of research findings regarding childhood and adolescent vaccines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vaccine coverage is relatively static or improving for the vaccines included in the 2010 annual harmonized immunization schedules. Providers should be reviewing patients' immunization records at each visit to take advantage of any opportunity to administer indicated, age-appropriate vaccines. There have been infectious disease outbreaks among highly immunized populations, although unvaccinated or undervaccinated individuals continue to play large roles in the spread of disease. Infants, many of whom are too young to be vaccinated, continue to bear a large disease burden, which underscores the importance of cocooning and, in some cases, vaccination of pregnant women. Influenza, measles, mumps, and rubella, varicella, hepatitis A, meningococcal conjugate, human papillomavirus, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis, and tetanus and diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccines are reviewed in this second of two articles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New research on childhood and adolescent vaccines is anticipated to shape the practice of pediatric providers. Research will continue to provide the science to optimize protection and to promote the health and well being of all children and adolescents.
authors: Division of General Pediatrics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, New Hyde Park, New York, USA.
authors: Joanne
authors: J
authors: Lai
authors: Kathryn E
authors: KE
authors: Fay
authors: Joseph A
authors: JA
authors: Bocchini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D004165:Diphtheria / Q000517:prevention & control; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control; D008585:Meningitis, Meningococcal / Q000517:prevention & control; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D012327:RNA Virus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D013742:Tetanus / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014917:Whooping Cough / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014765:Viral Vaccines