title: Reimplantation of dental implants following ligature-induced peri-implantitis: a pilot study in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This preliminary investigation aimed to evaluate the potential of contaminated implants to reosseointegrate into pristine sites and, in addition, to assess the potential of osseointegration of new implants in peri-implantitis sockets in a canine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  All mandibular premolars were bilaterally extracted from two mongrel dogs. Following 12 weeks of healing, two dental implants were inserted on each hemiarch. Forty-five days following implant placement, a silk ligature secured with cyanoacrylate was placed around the implants' cervical region in order to induce peri-implantitis. After another 45 days from ligature placement, the implants were mechanically removed using counter rotation with a ratchet and were reimplanted without any decontamination (neither rinsing nor chemical or mechanical cleaning) in adjacent pristine zones. In sites where implants were removed, new, wider-diameter implants were placed in the infected sockets. Forty-five days following reimplantation surgery, the dogs were sacrificed; nondecalcified specimens were processed and toluidine blue stained for morphologic and morphometric (bone-to-implant contact [BIC]) assessment under an optical microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In dog 1 all the implants (both in the pristine and in the infected sites) survived and osseointegrated while in dog 2, six out of eight implants failed to osseointegrate and exfoliated. Overall, the mean BIC of all implants was 51.08% (SD 20.54). The mean BIC for the infected implants placed into pristine sites was 51.48% ± 26.29% (SD) and the mean BIC for the new implants in peri-implantitis socket was 50.58% ± 14.27% (SD).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this preliminary investigation, especially the small number of animals, osseointegration seems to be achievable both in infected sites and around contaminated implant surfaces.
authors: Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.|Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors: Liran
authors: L
authors: Levin
authors: Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.|Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors: Hadar
authors: H
authors: Zigdon
authors: Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Paulo G
authors: PG
authors: Coelho
authors: Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.|Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors: Eli E
authors: EE
authors: Machtei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D020878:Device Removal; D004285:Dogs; D016348:Osseointegration; D057873:Peri-Implantitis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012092:Replantation; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants