title: Long-term, longitudinal follow-up of individuals with UCLP after the Gothenburg primary early veloplasty and delayed hard palate closure protocol: maxillofacial growth outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study long-term maxillofacial development in a sample of patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate. The patients' palatal repair had been performed according to a two-stage protocol with early velar closure and delayed hard palate surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, longitudinal cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 50 consecutive patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate born from 1980 to 1989. All of them had been operated on at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Certain maxillary casts as well as lateral roentgencephalograms, obtained at 5, 10, 16, and 19 years of age, were analyzed. Results : Our patients' maxillofacial growth was very good even up to the final examination in early adulthood. We ascribe the advantageous midfacial morphology of our patients particularly to limited growth restriction from palatal scars due to the surgical protocol used in our cleft center.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two-stage protocol we advocate for repair of the palatal cleft resulted in very satisfactory growth outcome. A palatal scar, which might impair maxillary development, was created only by the velar surgery. If this scar is located close to the posterior border of the hard palate, it might result in less maxillary growth restriction than if it is positioned further anteriorly.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, Sahlgrenska Academy–University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Hans.Friede@gu.se
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Friede
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Lilja
authors: Anette
authors: A
authors: Lohmander
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013065:Speech Intelligibility; D013070:Speech Therapy; D013548:Sweden; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult