title: The effect of a flavonoid fractions diosmin + hesperidin on radiation-induced acute proctitis in a rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To explore the protective effect of a flavonoid fractions diosmin + hesperidin (Daflon), against radiation-induced acute proctitis in an experimental rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty four rats were divided into four groups. The rats in Group 1 received Daflon and underwent irradiation. The rats in Group 2 received no Daflon and underwent irradiation. The rats in Group 3 received Daflon and underwent sham irradiation. The rats in Group 4 received no Daflon and underwent sham irradiation. Daflon emulsion (100 mg/kg/day) was administered via an orogastric feeding tube to the rats in groups 1 and 3 starting from 1 day prior to irradiation until the euthanasia day (day 15 following irradiation). Radiation therapy was delivered on a cobalt-60 unit using a single fraction of 17.5 Gy defined at a depth of 1 cm through an anterior portal. Slides were examined by the same pathologist under a light microscope two times in a blinded manner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared to group 2, the rats of Group 1 showed less glandular distortion and less mucosal inflammation with less infiltration of the crypt epithelia by the inflammatory cells (P < 0.001). A statistically significant increase in all parameters but muscular wall thickness was observed for the rats in Group 2 as compared to the group 3 and 4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of a dose of 100 mg/kg/day of the diosmin + hesperidin resulted in decreased morphologic inflammatory changes. This drug may have protective effects against radiation-induced acute proctitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey. atakansezer@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Atakan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sezer
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Usta
authors.forename: Zafer
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kocak
authors.forename: Mehmet Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Yagci
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D004145:Diosmin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011349:Proctitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012007:Rectum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004145:Diosmin; C474723:hesperadin