title: The plant cell wall-decomposing machinery underlies the functional diversity of forest fungi.
abstract: Brown rot decay removes cellulose and hemicellulose from wood--residual lignin contributing up to 30% of forest soil carbon--and is derived from an ancestral white rot saprotrophy in which both lignin and cellulose are decomposed. Comparative and functional genomics of the "dry rot" fungus Serpula lacrymans, derived from forest ancestors, demonstrated that the evolution of both ectomycorrhizal biotrophy and brown rot saprotrophy were accompanied by reductions and losses in specific protein families, suggesting adaptation to an intercellular interaction with plant tissue. Transcriptome and proteome analysis also identified differences in wood decomposition in S. lacrymans relative to the brown rot Postia placenta. Furthermore, fungal nutritional mode diversification suggests that the boreal forest biome originated via genetic coevolution of above- and below-ground biota.
authors.affiliation: College of Science, University of Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK. d.c.eastwood@swansea.ac.uk
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Eastwood
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Floudas
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majcherczyk
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aerts
authors.forename: Fred O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Asiegbu
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Kerrie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bendiksby
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blumentritt
authors.forename: Pedro M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gathman
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goodell
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henrissat
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ihrmark
authors.forename: Hävard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kauserud
authors.forename: Annegret
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: LaButti
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lapidus
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lavin
authors.forename: Yong-Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lindquist
authors.forename: Walt
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lilly
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murat
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oguiza
authors.forename: Jongsun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Antonio G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Pisabarro
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosling
authors.forename: Asaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salamov
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmutz
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Skrede
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stenlid
authors.forename: Ad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiebenga
authors.forename: Xinfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kües
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hibbett
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoffmeister
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Högberg
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Igor V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Grigoriev
authors.forename: Sarah C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Watkinson
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D044822:Biodiversity; D005075:Biological Evolution; D058448:Biota; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism*; D055453:Coriolaceae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D023281:Genomics; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000382:microbiology; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D020543:Proteome; D013559:Symbiosis; D064028:Tracheophyta / Q000382:microbiology; D014197:Trees / Q000382:microbiology*; D014934:Wood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; C036909:lignocellulose; D008031:Lignin; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010544:Peroxidases