title: Urinary (1)H-NMR metabonomics study on intervention effects of soya milk in Africans.
abstract: Metabonomics is an important tool in understanding the toxicological or therapeutic effects of interventions by analysing metabolic profiles and interpreting complex multi-dimensional spectroscopic/spectrometric data using multivariate data analysis. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the metabolic changes following a short-term 5 day soya milk intervention, and to investigate factors that influence soy-phytoestrogen metabolism focused on Africans based in either UK or Nigeria. (1)H-NMR metabonomics was applied to analyse urine samples collected at four phases I-IV (pre, days 3 and 5, and post) of the soy-intervention from African volunteers (n = 40 in total). Individual proton NMR spectra were visually and statistically assessed using multivariate analyses (MVA): principal component analysis (PCA) and (orthogonal-) partial-least square-discriminant analysis ((O-) PLS-DA). In addition, 22 endogenous metabolites were quantified using a Chenomx NMR suite. The results showed the levels of analysed endogenous metabolites (creatinine adjusted) present ranged from 4 µM to 12 mM with large inter-subject variances in acetate, acetone, lactate and trimethylamine. The MVA results showed high inter-individuality and sampling variances based on PCA score plots, and demonstrated soy metabolism to be significantly influenced by location and gender by both PLS-DA and O-PLS-DA.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research and Policy, London Metropolitan University, 166-220 Holloway Road, London N7 8DB, UK.
authors.forename: Olumuyiwa L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Ogegbo
authors.forename: Wimal
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dissanyake
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crowder
authors.forename: Olayinka
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Asekun
authors.forename: Oluwole
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Familoni
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Branford-White
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Annie Bligh
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009549:Nigeria; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000652:urine*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000652:urine*; D012737:Sex Factors; D041942:Soy Milk / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D048789:Phytoestrogens; D010936:Plant Extracts