title: Efficacy of the fibroblast growth factor inhibitor 2,5-dihydroxyphenylsulfonate in basal cell carcinoma: a histopathological and inmunohistochemical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are variously implicated in skin tumorigenesis where they may be involved in the enhancement of tumoral cell proliferation and viability, induction of angiogenesis, and stimulation of tumor invasiveness.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy and safety of the FGF inhibitor 2,5-dihydroxyphenylsulfonate (2,5-DHPS) in 2.5% cream for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and characterize its mechanism of action at a histological level.
  
  
  METHODS
  After 2 weeks of histopathological diagnosis confirmation, patients initiated treatment. 2,5-DHPS cream was applied twice daily for 2 months to nine patients with BCC. Skin biopsies were performed before and after treatment. The specimens were subjected to inmunohistochemical staining with antibodies to CD34(+) and Ki-67 and to in situ apoptosis assay (TUNEL staining).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of 2,5-DHPS achieved excellent results in all patients: CD34(+) and Ki-67 were significantly downregulated; TUNEL staining revealed a significantly higher number of apoptotic cells in skin after treatment in comparison with baseline biopsies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with topical 2,5-DHPS is effective for BCC, probably due to inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenesis, and induction of tumor cell apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Investigación, Servicio de Histología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. pedro.cuevas@hrc.es
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cuevas
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Angulo
authors.forename: Adri N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Cuevas-Bourdier
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giménez-Gallego
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009824:Ointments; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C571011:2,5-dihydroxyphenylsulfonate; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D009824:Ointments; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2