title: Magnetic resonance tissue phase mapping: analysis of age-related and pathologically altered left ventricular radial and long-axis dyssynchrony.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To employ magnetic resonance tissue phase mapping (TPM) for the assessment of age-related left ventricular (LV) synchrony of radial and long-axis motion in healthy volunteers and in hypertensive heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and left bundle branch block (LBBB).
  
  
  METHODS
  TPM (spatial/temporal resolution = 1.3 × 2.6 mm(2)/13.8 msec) was employed to measure radial and long-axis myocardial velocities in 58 healthy volunteers of three age groups and 37 patients (hypertensive, n = 18; DCM, n = 12; DCM and LBBB n = 7). Regional times-to-peak velocities (TTP) in systole and diastole were derived for all LV segments. Four measures of dyssynchrony were defined as the standard deviation of systolic and diastolic TTP for radial and long-axis motion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systolic radial and diastolic long-axis dyssynchrony was increased (P < 0.01) in all patient groups compared to controls. Multiple regressions revealed a significant relationship of dyssynchrony with LV ejection fraction and mass for systolic radial (P < 0.001 resp. P = 0.02), diastolic radial (P < 0.001 resp. P < 0.05), and long-axis (P < 0.001 resp. P = 0.001) motion. Diastolic dyssynchrony correlated with the LV remodeling index (P < 0.05) and increased with age (P < 0.03). Systolic long-axis dyssynchrony was not influenced by disease or LV function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radial systolic and long-axis diastolic dyssynchrony were the most sensitive markers for altered dyssynchrony in hypertensive heart disease or DCM. Future studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic value of TPM-derived dyssynchrony parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Föll
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Germann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.forename: Ch
authors.initials: Ch
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*