title: MAGE-C2/CT10 protein expression is an independent predictor of recurrence in prostate cancer.
abstract: The cancer-testis (CT) family of antigens is expressed in a variety of malignant neoplasms. In most cases, no CT antigen is found in normal tissues, except in testis, making them ideal targets for cancer immunotherapy. A comprehensive analysis of CT antigen expression has not yet been reported in prostate cancer. MAGE-C2/CT-10 is a novel CT antigen. The objective of this study was to analyze extent and prognostic significance of MAGE-C2/CT10 protein expression in prostate cancer. 348 prostate carcinomas from consecutive radical prostatectomies, 29 castration-refractory prostate cancer, 46 metastases, and 45 benign hyperplasias were immunohistochemically analyzed for MAGE-C2/CT10 expression using tissue microarrays. Nuclear MAGE-C2/CT10 expression was identified in only 3.3% primary prostate carcinomas. MAGE-C2/CT10 protein expression was significantly more frequent in metastatic (16.3% positivity) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (17% positivity; p<0.001). Nuclear MAGE-C2/CT10 expression was identified as predictor of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy (p = 0.015), which was independent of preoperative PSA, Gleason score, tumor stage, and surgical margin status in multivariate analysis (p<0.05). MAGE-C2/CT10 expression in prostate cancer correlates with the degree of malignancy and indicates a higher risk for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Further, the results suggest MAGE-C2/CT10 as a potential target for adjuvant and palliative immunotherapy in patients with prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Lotta.vonBoehmer@usz.ch
authors.forename: Lotta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: von Boehmer
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Ashkan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mortezavi
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Provenzano
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sais
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hermanns
authors.forename: Tullio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sulser
authors.forename: Achim A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Jungbluth
authors.forename: Lloyd J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Old
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.forename: Maries
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van den Broek
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moch
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knuth
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wild
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012008:Recurrence; D018401:Sample Size; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; C405429:MAGEC2 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins