title: Neonatal neurodevelopment and prenatal exposure to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE): a cohort study in Mexico.
abstract: Prenatal exposure to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) is associated with decreased motor development during the first year of life, though the effects of DDE in the neonatal stage are not conclusive. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association between prenatal DDE exposure and neonatal neurodevelopment in a cohort from four municipalities in the state of Morelos, Mexico. The children (265), born from pregnancies with no perinatal complications, were evaluated at 1 month of age (± 7 days) for the presence of abnormal reflexes with the Brazelton Scale (NBAS), neurological soft signs with the Graham-Rosenblith Scale, as well as mental and psychomotor development by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. Maternal DDE concentrations during each trimester of the pregnancy were determined by gas chromatography. Multiple linear and ordinal logistic models assessed the association between DDE and the outcomes of interest. Prenatal exposure to DDE was associated with a non-significant increase in neurological soft signs (6-8%) and a decrease in psychomotor (β(1T) = -0.02) and mental (β(2T) = -0.03 and β(3T) = -0.19) development. Our results are consistent with previous studies and suggest that prenatal DDE exposure is not associated with neurological functions present in the neonatal stage.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lilia Araceli
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bahena-Medina
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Torres-Sánchez
authors.forename: Lourdes
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schnaas
authors.forename: Mariano E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cebrián
authors.forename: Carmen Hernández
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chávez
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osorio-Valencia
authors.forename: Rosa María García
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: Lizbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: López-Carrillo
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009043:Motor Activity; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D011597:Psychomotor Performance
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene