title: Heavy metals and PCDD/Fs in solid waste incinerator fly ash in Zhejiang province, China: chemical and bio-analytical characterization.
abstract: Fly ash samples were taken from solid waste incinerators with different feeding waste, furnace type, and air pollution control device in six cities of Zhejiang province. The solid waste incinerators there constitute one fifth of incinerators in China. Heavy metals and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were analyzed in the fly ash. Moreover, the fly ash samples were extracted by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). The biotoxicity of the leachate was evaluated by Chlorella pyrenoidosa. High variation and contents were found for both the heavy metals and PCDD/Fs. The contents of Zn, Cu, As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Hg in the fly ash samples varied from 300 to 32,100, 62.1-1175, 1.1-57, 61.6-620, 0.4-223, 16.6-4380, 1.2-94.7, and 0.03-1.4 μg g(-1) dw, respectively. The total contents of 17 PCDD/Fs varied from 0.1128 to 127.7939 μg g(-1) dw, and the 2,3,7,8-TeCDD toxic equivalents (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs ranged from 0.009 to 6.177 μg g(-1) dw. PCDF congeners were the main contributor to the TEQ. The leachate of the fly ash showed biotoxicity to C. pyrenoidosa. A significant correlation was found between the Cd and EC(50) values. Further research is required to investigate the environmental impact of the various pollutants in the fly ash.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Taizhou College, Linhai 317000, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Wenbing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yuange
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Chengran
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D002681:China; D002708:Chlorella; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D017745:Incineration; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins