title: Does coffee enriched with chlorogenic acids improve mood and cognition after acute administration in healthy elderly? A pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caffeine exerts positive effects on cognitive and behavioral processes, especially in sub-optimal conditions when arousal is low. Apart from caffeine, coffee contains other compounds including the phenolic compounds ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and the chlorogenic acids, which have purported antioxidant properties. The chlorogenic acids are the most abundant family of compounds found in coffee, yet their effects on cognition and mood have not been investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to ascertain whether a coffee rich in chlorogenic acid modulates brain function.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present pilot study examined the acute effects of decaffeinated coffee with regular chlorogenic acid content and decaffeinated coffee with high chlorogenic acid content on mood and cognitive processes, as measured by behavioral tasks and event-related potentials (ERPs). Performance and ERP responses to a battery of cognitive tasks were recorded at baseline and following the equivalent of three cups of coffee in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study of 39 healthy older participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the decaffeinated coffee with regular chlorogenic acid and placebo, caffeinated coffee showed a robust positive effect on higher-level mood and attention processes. To a lesser extent, the decaffeinated coffee high in chlorogenic acid also improved some mood and behavioral measures, relative to regular decaffeinated coffee.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our pilot results suggest that non-caffeine compounds in coffee such as the chlorogenic acids may be capable of exerting some acute behavioral effects, thus warranting further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cropley
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Croft
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Silber
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neale
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scholey
authors.forename: Con
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stough
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmitt
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D000368:Aged; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D002110:Caffeine