title: Adult patients' adjustability to orthodontic appliances. Part I: a comparison between Labial, Lingual, and Invisalign™.
abstract: This prospective study examined the adult patient's perception of recovery after insertion of three types of orthodontic appliances: Buccal, Lingual and Invisalign. The sample consisted of sixty-eight adult patients (45 females and 23 males) who comprised three groups: 28 Buccal, 19 Lingual, and 21 Invisalign patients. After appliance insertion, patients completed a Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire daily for the first week and again on day 14, in order to assess patients' perception of pain and analgesic consumption. In addition, four areas of dysfunction were assessed: oral dysfunction, eating disturbances, general activity parameters, and oral symptoms.  Lingual appliance was associated with more severe pain and analgesic consumption, the greatest oral and general dysfunction, and the most difficult and longest recovery. The Invisalign patients complained of relatively high levels of pain in the first days after insertion; however this group was characterized by the lowest level of oral symptoms and by a similar level of general activity disturbances and oral dysfunction compared to the Buccal appliance. Many Lingual and some Buccal patients did not reach a full recovery from their eating difficulties by the end of the study period. The present study provides information to adult patients and clinicians assisting them in choosing the most appropriate treatment modality in relation to Health-Related Quality of Life parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. mshalish@hadassah.org.il
authors.forename: Miri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shalish
authors.forename: Rena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cooper-Kazaz
authors.forename: Inbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ivgi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Canetti
authors.forename: Boaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tsur
authors.forename: Eytan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bachar
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaushu
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004867:Equipment Design; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000009:adverse effects; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014059:Tongue; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics