title: Measuring outcome after wrist injury: translation and validation of the Swedish version of the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE-Swe).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a need for outcome measurement instruments for evaluation of disability after trauma. The Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) is a self-administered region-specific outcome measuring instrument developed for use in evaluating disability and pain of the wrist. The aim of this study is to translate and to cross-culturally adapt the PRWE for use in a Swedish patient population. Moreover, we aim at investigating the PRWE in terms of validity, reliability and responsiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PRWE to Swedish (PRWE-Swe), utilising the process recommended by the American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons. A total of 124 patients with an injury to the wrist were included in the study. They filled in the PRWE and the DASH questionnaires at two separate occasions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reliability of the PRWE in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.97) and test-retest stability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.93) were excellent. Face validity and content validity were judged as good. Criterion validity assessed as the correlation between the PRWE and the DASH was also good (Spearman's rho = 0.9). Responsiveness measured by the standardized response mean (SRM) was good with an SRMPRWE of 1.29.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This Swedish version of the PRWE is a short and easily understood self-administered questionnaire with good validity, reliability, and responsiveness. Our results confirm that the PRWE is a valuable tool in evaluating the results after treatment of a wrist injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science and Education, Orthopeadics Section, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. cecilia.mellstrand-navarro@sodersjukhuset.se
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mellstrand Navarro
authors.forename: Sari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ponzer
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Törnkvist
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahrengart
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bergström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D014175:Translating; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014954:Wrist Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult