title: Multiple vulvar lactating adenomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ectopic breast tissue is defined as glands located outside of the breast. Ectopic breast tissue should be excised because it may develop benign or malignant pathologic processes. Although lactation changes can occur, lactating adenoma in the vulva are extremely rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of a young woman who presented with multiple vulvar masses during her pregnancies. The masses were excised, and histology confirmed multiple vulvar lactating adenomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vulvar lactating adenoma may be misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma in frozen diagnosis and aspiration cytology if breast tissue is not anticipated. Although the incidence of ectopic mammary tissue of the vulva is low, this possibility should be considered when evaluating patients with mass lesions of the vulva in the appropriate clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University, Ansan, Korea; and the Department of Pathology, Anam Hospital, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Eung-Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Insun
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast; D002828:Choristoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D007774:Lactation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D007633:Keratins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C081876:CKAP4 protein, human