title: Enzymes of the ornithine-glutamate-proline pathway in the sheep abomasal nematode parasites Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta.
abstract: A fully functional ornithine-glutamate-proline pathway was detected in L3 and adult Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta, making the parasites capable of interconversion of these amino acids. Ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) (E.C. 2.6.1.13) was a reversible pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme with an optimum pH 8.5. Hydroxylamine completely inhibited OAT activity in both parasites. For all five enzymes, substrate affinity was similar for each species and life cycle stage, the notable exceptions being the nearly 10-fold lower affinity for Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) of P5C reductase (E.C. 1.5.1.2) in adult T. circumcincta and about half for P5C for L3 H. contortus P5C dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.5.1.12). P5C synthase (E.C. 1.2.1.41) activity was similar with either NADPH or NADH as co-factor. Proline oxidase (E.C. 1.5.99.8) was a co-factor independent enzyme with an optimal pH 8.5. Despite similarities to those in the host, enzymes of this pathway may still be useful as control targets if they differ antigenically, as a supply of proline is necessary for cuticle formation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umair
authors.forename: Y-M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bland
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Simpson
mesh_terms: D000018:Abomasum / Q000469:parasitology; D000818:Animals; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006188:Haemonchiasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009952:Ornithine / Q000378:metabolism*; D009953:Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D011392:Proline / Q000378:metabolism*; D011394:Proline Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011762:Pyrroline Carboxylate Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D014251:Trichostrongyloidea / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014252:Trichostrongyloidiasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid; D011392:Proline; D009952:Ornithine; D011762:Pyrroline Carboxylate Reductases; D011394:Proline Oxidase; D009953:Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase