title: Post-traumatic urethral strictures in children: what have we learned over the years?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urethral stricture presents an uncommon but difficult urological problem in the pediatric population. Treatment protocols are different from in adults due to anatomical considerations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A thorough manual and Medline search was conducted to review the existing literature on post-traumatic pediatric urethral strictures, with key words: stricture, children, post-traumatic, urethroplasty, pediatric.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Opinion early on was that, due to the confined perineum, high incidence of supramembranous injury resulting in less predictable distraction defects of the posterior urethra and a high incidence of prostatic displacement, transperineal urethroplasty is technically more difficult than in adults and thus the transpubic approach is more feasible. Recent reports revealed that both approaches resulted in almost the same clinical outcomes for children with post-traumatic posterior urethral strictures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ideal reconstruction for the treatment of post-traumatic posterior urethral strictures in children is bulboprostatic anastomosis. This procedure should be initially attempted through the perineum in every case. A transpubic procedure should be done only when tension-free anastomosis cannot be accomplished through the perineum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raibareily Road, Lucknow, India. priydarshiranjan@sify.com
authors.forename: Priyadarshi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ranjan
authors.forename: Mohd S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Manmeet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Saurabh S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chipde
authors.forename: Ranjana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapoor
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D014521:Urethra / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery