title: Phosphate handling: new genes, new molecules.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inappropriate renal phosphate transport may alter serum phosphate concentration and bone mineralization, and it may also increase the risk of renal lithiasis or soft-tissue calcifications. Molecular identification of renal phosphate transporters and regulatory proteins has improved our knowledge of the mechanisms that control phosphate balance. This summary reviews recent findings regarding the consequences of mutations affecting several human genes encoding for phosphate transporters or regulatory proteins. Further, it describes the role played by the fibroblast growth factor 23-Klotho axis in phosphate homeostasis and its involvement in the pathophysiology of phosphate disturbances in chronic kidney diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This progress may allow development of new drugs that interfere with phosphate transporters, hormonal receptors or associated proteins to improve treatment and to help prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prié
authors.forename: Pablo Ureña
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Friedlander
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology; D000090265:Klotho Proteins; D051379:Mice; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D050613:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIa / Q000235:genetics*; D050615:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIc / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; C493554:SLC34A1 protein, human; C493562:SLC34A3 protein, human; D050613:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIa; D050615:Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter Proteins, Type IIc; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D005966:Glucuronidase; D000090265:Klotho Proteins