title: Trismus following treatment of head and neck cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this preliminary study was to determine the prevalence of trismus in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy and surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with malignant lesions in the head and neck treated with curative intent were comprehensively evaluated for trismus using subjective and objective measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A large proportion of the 70 patients recruited demonstrated moderate to severe subjective trismus (45.7%). Similarly, the vast majority of patients showed slight to severe trismus (91.4%) according to objective secondary outcome measures. Of these patients, 21 (65.6%) were also treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. When the radiation field involved the pterygoid muscles, 30 (93.8%) patients reported subjective trismus. Similarly, bilateral pterygoid muscle inclusion resulted in 28 (87.5%) patients with trismus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trismus is a significantly prevalent consequence of treatment for head and neck cancer. Predictive factors include treatment with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and bilateral inclusion of the structures of mastication in the high-dose radiotherapy volume.
authors.affiliation: Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON.
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jeremic
authors.forename: Varagur
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venkatesan
authors.forename: Abhirami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hallock
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014313:Trismus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult