title: In situ remineralization of white-spot enamel lesions by 500 and 1,100 ppm F dentifrices.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the remineralization potential of three silica-containing NaF dentifrice systems in an intraoral model. Subjects (N = 30) in this randomized, three-phase, 28-day, crossover study served as their own control. Each participant wore a customized orthodontic appliance attached to a mandibular molar and contained one tooth block with caries-like lesion. For each phase, participants engaged in twice-daily brushing for 2 min with one of the following dentifrices: 500 ppm F, 500 ppm F plus functionalized β-tricalcium phosphate (fTCP), and a clinically proven 1,100 ppm F. After each phase, appliances were removed, and specimens were analyzed using surface microhardness (SMH), transverse microradiography (TMR), and cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH). Statistically significant (p < 0.05) remineralization of white-spot lesions relative to baseline occurred for each dentifrice as determined with SMH and TMR. No significant differences (p > 0.05) in SMH were found among the three groups, but trending revealed the 500 ppm F plus fTCP produced 26% and 27% greater SMH recovery relative to 500 and 1,100 ppm F, respectively. Similarly, no significant differences (p > 0.05) in TMR were found among the groups. However, the 500 ppm F plus fTCP dentifrice produced 10% and 38% greater mineral recovery relative to 500 and 1,100 ppm F, respectively, while reducing the lesion depth 30% and 52%, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in CSMH existed among the three dentifice groups at different enamel depths, but statistical differences (p < 0.05) in relative lesion size were only found between 500 ppm F plus fTCP and 500 ppm F. The combination of fTCP and fluoride in a single-compartment, water-based dentifrice can cooperate with fluoride to produce significant remineralization. These results suggest that the combination of 500 ppm F with fTCP may provide comparable anticaries benefits relative to a 1,100 ppm F dentifrice.
authors.affiliation: Cariology Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, MC 7914, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: Poornima K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mensinkai
authors.forename: Renzo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ccahuana-Vasquez
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chedjieu
authors.forename: Bennett T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Amaechi
authors.forename: Allen C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: Trenton J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Douglas D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Blanken
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Karlinsey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008852:Microradiography; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D012824:Silicic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000379:methods; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D008903:Minerals; D014100:Toothpastes; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; C546060:hydrated silica gel-based toothpaste; D012824:Silicic Acid; D012969:Sodium Fluoride