title: [Roles of collagen enzymatic and advanced glycation end products associated crosslinking as a determinant of bone quality].
abstract: Recently, data have accumulated that collagen cross-link formation in bone affect bone strength. In fact, impaired enzymatic cross-linking and/or an increase in non-enzymatic cross-links, pentosidine (Pen), which is a surrogate marker of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), in bone collagen have been proposed as a major cause of bone fragility in aging, osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus. This review will summarize the mechanism of formation of cross-linking in bone collagen and important aspects of alterations in collagen enzymatic immature and mature cross-links and non-enzymatic senescent type of cross-link (AGEs), in aging, osteoporosis, and diabetes mellitus. We also review recent developments in bone quality-related markers such as serum or urine pentosidine levels and serum homocysteine levels for fracture assessment in patients with osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Keishi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marumo
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000209:etiology; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D003094:Collagen; D001120:Arginine; C062187:pentosidine; D008239:Lysine