title: Neuroglobin is up-regulated in the cerebellum of pups exposed to maternal epileptic seizures.
abstract: To evaluate a potential insult in the cerebellum of pups exposed to maternal epileptic seizures during intrauterine life, female rats were subjected to pilocarpine-induced epilepsy. Pups from different litters were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7 and 14 post-natal days (PN) and neuroglobin (Ngb) and gliosis were analyzed in the cerebellum by Western blotting (WB) and RT-PCR. (14)C-l-leucine-[(14)C-Leu] incorporation was used to analyze protein synthesis at PN1. Nitric Oxide (NO) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels were also measured. Pups from naive mothers were used as controls. The mRNA level of Ngb was increased in experimental animals at PN1 ((**)p ≤ 0.001) and PN3 ((**)p ≤ 0.001), at PN7 ((***)p ≤ 0.0001) and at PN14 ((**)p ≤ 0.001) compared to the respective controls. The protein level of Ngb increased significantly in the experimental pups at PN1 ((*)p ≤ 0.05) and at PN3 ((**)p ≤ 0.001), when compared to the control pups at PN1 and PN3. At PN7 and PN14 no difference was found. The mRNA level of GFAP increased significantly about two times at PN3 ((*)p ≤ 0.05) and PN7 ((*)p ≤ 0.05) in the experimental pups when compared to the respective controls, but was unchanged in the other studied ages. Data showed that experimental pups at PN1 exhibited reduced (about 2 times, (*)p ≤ 0.05) total protein synthesis in the cerebellum when compared to control. No differences were found in the NO and TBARS levels. Our data support the hypothesis that an up-regulation of Ngb could be a compensatory mechanism in response to the hypoxic-ischemic insults caused by seizures in pups during intrauterine life.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, Disciplina de Neurologia Experimental/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Rua Botucatu, 862, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daiana Correia
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cossa
authors.forename: Sandra Regina
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Perosa
authors.forename: Elaine Menezes
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Maria José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: da Silva Fernandes
authors.forename: Iara Ribeiro
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Elisa Mieko Suemitsu
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: da Graça Naffah-Mazzacoratti
authors.forename: Esper Abrão
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Cavalheiro
authors.forename: Débora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D010862:Pilocarpine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D005914:Globins