title: Occurrence of PCDD/F, PCB, PBDE, PFAS, and organotin compounds in fish meal, fish oil and fish feed.
abstract: We analysed polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/F, dioxins), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in 13 fish meal, five fish oil, and seven fish feed samples. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), organotin compounds (OTC), and perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) were analysed in ten fish meal, two fish oil, and two fish feed samples. All measured TEQ concentrations of PCDD/F and PCB were below the maximum levels set by Directive 2002/32/EC. There was no correlation between concentrations of WHOPCDD/F-TEQ and indicator PCB in our samples. The most common congeners among PBDEs were BDE-47 and BDE-100. BDE-209 was present in five fish meals of the ten analysed. Tributyltin (TBT) was the predominant congener in all samples except in three fish meals, where monobutyltin (MBT) was the major congener. Perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) was the predominant congener in six fish meals of the ten analysed. There was large variation in concentrations and congener distributions of the studied compounds between our samples. Our results underline a need to pay special attention to the origin and purity of feed raw material of marine origin.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Mustialankatu 3, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland. kimmo.suominen@evira.fi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suominen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hallikainen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruokojärvi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Airaksinen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koponen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rannikko
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiviranta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D005399:Fishes; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005395:Fish Oils; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D009947:Organotin Compounds; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls