title: Prostate biopsy findings in Indian men: a hospital-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review prostatic biopsy findings in Indian patients with elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) attending the Urology department at a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 119 patients, who underwent TRUS-guided prostatic biopsy, was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 119 patients undergoing TRUS-guided prostatic biopsy were evaluated. Age, presentation, PSA, digital rectal examination, number of cores, and final histology were analyzed. Minimum 10 cores biopsies were performed in 109/119 (92%) and 12 cores in 92/119 (77%). Patients were stratified into three groups based on their PSA: 4-10 ng/ml (group I), 10-20 ng/ml (group II), and >20 ng/ml (group III).
  
  
  METHODS
  Unpaired t-test, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were calculated using an Excel (Ver 2007) and online calculators (P < 0.05 significant).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 67.6 years. Inflammatory pathology (30/119) was common at all PSA levels. In men with negative DRE and PSA > 10 ng/ml, inflammatory pathology was more likely (Chi 4.2798, P = 0.039). Cancer was found in 29/119 biopsies (group I 2/28, group II 3/45, and group III 24/46). Patients with PSA > 20 ng/ml were more likely to show cancer. Precursor lesions were noted in 10/119 (8.4%). On univariate analysis age, PSA, and DRE all showed significant association with histologic cancer but on multiple logistic regression analysis, only PSA (OR 1.03, P = 0.0021) and DRE (OR 8.07, P = 0.0007) were predictive of cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cancer is less common and inflammatory lesions more common at all levels of PSA in our patients. The effect of antibiotics on PSA and biopsy in our patients needs to be explored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medwin Hospital, Hyderabad, India. drsanjaysinha@hotmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Siriguri
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kanakmedala
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bikkasani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D051517:Digital Rectal Examination; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate