title: Sleep-wake patterns of seizures in children with lesional epilepsy.
abstract: This study examined diurnal patterns of seizures and their occurrence during wakefulness and sleep in children with lesional focal epilepsy. We reviewed 332 consecutive children with lesional focal epilepsy and video-electroencephalogram monitoring during a 3-year period. Data were analyzed in relationship to clock time, wakefulness/sleep, and seizure localization. The distribution of lesions in 66 children (259 seizures) included mesial temporal, 29%; neocortical temporal, 18%; frontal, 29%; parietal, 13.5%; and occipital, 12%. Seizures in patients with frontal lesions occurred mostly during sleep (72%). Seizures in mesial temporal (64%), neocortical temporal (71%), and occipital (66%) lesional epilepsy occurred mostly during wakefulness. Temporal lobe seizures occurred more frequently during wakefulness (66%), compared with extratemporal seizures (32%) (odds ratio, 2.67; 95% confidence interval, 1.61-4.42). Temporal lobe seizures peaked between 9:00 am and noon and 3:00-6:00 pm, whereas extratemporal seizures peaked between 6:00-9:00 am. Sleep, not clock time, provides a more robust stimulus for seizure onset, especially for frontal lobe seizures. Temporal lobe seizures are more frequent during wakefulness than are extratemporal seizures. Circadian patterns of seizures may provide additional diagnostic and treatment options, such as differential medication dosing and sleep-schedule adjustments.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaleyias
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Loddenkemper
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vendrame
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Tanvir U
authors.initials: TU
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: Andreas V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Alexopoulos
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wyllie
authors.forename: Sanjeev V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kothare
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*