title: Elevated serum uric acid predicts chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The question of whether elevated serum uric acid is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease in a longitudinal manner was assessed in Japanese subjects undergoing a health checkup.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 14,399 participants (8,161 men and 6,238 women) without medication for hyperuremia in both 2000 and 2005 were included. After exclusion of participants taking treatments influencing serum uric acid and having chronic kidney disease defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), in 2000, multiple logistic regression analyses were performed for 6,887 men (48.4 ± 9.9 years) and 5,340 women (49.9 ± 9.0 years) to identify independent factors for newly diagnosed chronic kidney disease in 2005. Adjustment was made for age, body mass index, elevated blood pressure or hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, impaired fasting glucose, either urinary protein or occult blood, alcohol drinking and smoking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of chronic kidney disease and the values of body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride were significantly higher in the participants with elevated serum uric acid quartiles. Chronic kidney disease was newly diagnosed in 4.1% of men and 3.7% of women, within the 5-year period. In multivariate models, the higher quartiles of serum uric acid were associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease in both sexes. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for 1 increment of serum uric acid were 1.42 and 1.28 to 1.58 in men and 1.32 and 1.12 to 1.56 in women, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated serum uric acid predicts chronic kidney disease in subjects undergoing a health checkup.
authors.affiliation: Okazaki City Medical Association, Public Health Center, Aichi, Japan. t-yamada@okazaki-med.or.jp
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukatsu
authors.forename: Sadao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Tsuneya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Joh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D014527:Uric Acid