title: Clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of SATB1 in cutaneous malignant melanoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1), a new type of gene regulator, has been reported to be expressed in several human cancers and may have malignant potential. However, no data on SATB1 expression and its relationship to tumor progression in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) has yet been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the immunohistochemical expression of SATB1 in CMM to determine whether it could serve as a prognostic marker.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 97 samples of primary CMM and controls were immunostained for SATB1. The following clinicopathologic variables were evaluated: age, gender, subtype, SATB1 expression, Breslow thickness, Clark level, presence of ulceration, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and survival. Statistical analyses were performed to assess for associations. Several parameters were analyzed for survival using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional-hazards model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty cases (85.1%) of CMM showed positive staining for SATB1 by immunohistochemistry. The intensity of SATB1 staining was significantly higher in CMM than in nevus NV and normal skin (NS) (P < 0.01). High SATB1 expression was significantly correlated with Breslow thickness, Clark level, mortality, presence of ulceration, and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that SATB1 overexpression was significantly associated with worse survival (P < 0.01). Further univariate analysis and multivariate regression analysis indicated that SATB1 expression was an independent prognostic marker for CMM (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overexpression of SATB1 correlated with metastatic potential of CMM and is a novel independent prognostic marker for predicting outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Junna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.forename: Lining
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Takahito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Yating
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uchi
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moroi
authors.forename: Masutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furue
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D036961:Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D036961:Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins; C076189:SATB1 protein, human