title: Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage secondary to intrauterine intravascular transfusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Small-volume fetomaternal hemorrhage is frequently observed after intrauterine transfusion. The Kleihauer-Betke test, the reference method for identifying fetomaternal hemorrhage, cannot be used after intrauterine transfusion, because the adult red blood cells used for transfusion cannot be distinguished from maternal red blood cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage secondary to intrauterine transfusion led to fetal hemorrhagic stroke. We used a method based on blood group identification in the maternal blood to confirm and to quantify fetomaternal hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal stroke may result from severe hypovolemia and low cerebral blood flow caused by fetomaternal hemorrhage, rather than from fetal anemia itself.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Centre National de Référence en Hémobiologie Périnatale, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Yaël
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Levy-Zauberman
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mailloux
authors.forename: Aminata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Vanina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castaigne
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortey
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carbonne
mesh_terms: D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001805:Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D005319:Fetal Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D005331:Fetomaternal Transfusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001789:Blood Group Antigens; D005319:Fetal Hemoglobin