title: Deep sequencing of gastric carcinoma reveals somatic mutations relevant to personalized medicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Globally, gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death, with the majority of the health burden borne by economically less-developed countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we report a genetic characterization of 50 gastric adenocarcinoma samples, using affymetrix SNP arrays and Illumina mRNA expression arrays as well as Illumina sequencing of the coding regions of 384 genes belonging to various pathways known to be altered in other cancers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genetic alterations were observed in the WNT, Hedgehog, cell cycle, DNA damage and epithelial-to-mesenchymal-transition pathways.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggests targeted therapies approved or in clinical development for gastric carcinoma would be of benefit to ~22% of the patients studied. In addition, the novel mutations detected here, are likely to influence clinical response and suggest new targets for drug discovery.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research, Oncology R&D, Glaxosmithkline R&D, Collegeville, USA. joanna_holbrook@sics.a-star.edu.sg
authors.forename: Joanna D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Holbrook
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: Kathleen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Wendy S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Halsey
authors.forename: Ashley M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Victor J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Weigman
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Lebowitz
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations / Q000235:genetics; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005838:Genotype; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D057285:Precision Medicine; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D051153:Wnt Proteins