title: [Changes in depression, anxiety, and vital exhaustion in patients after ICD implantation. Comparison of clinical subgroups].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The psychological strain of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is infrequently explored in prospective studies, which have until now generally focused on the dimensions anxiety and depression. Furthermore, vital exhaustion (VE; ICD10 F 48.0) is known as a very good predictor for negative outcome in patients with coronary heart disease. The influence of VE on patients with an ICD is presented and analyzed in a prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 249 patients with an ICD completed a set of questionnaires (HADS, EQ-5D, VE) at baseline and at the 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients with high levels of depression, anxiety, and VE after ICD implantation did not show spontaneous remission after 1 year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As expected, the implanatation of an ICD is associated with high acceptance and increased life quality in about 3/4 of patients. However, there is a subgroup of patients (20-30%) who have difficulties and the measured dimensions remain at elevated levels after implantation, thus, indicating that these patients probably need competent psychological help.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Psychokardiologie, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Ludwigstr. 41, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Deutschland. tavenaux@yahoo.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tavenaux
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ginzburg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boukacem
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sperzel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jordan
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011613:Psychotherapy; D019413:Qi; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires