title: Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in male and female patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and to determine if they are gender specific.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective case control study. Three hundred and sixty-three men and women with PHPT and 363 age-, sex-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls with benign goiter were included in the study. We documented each patient's laboratory results along with the presence of any cardiovascular risk factors. Intra-operatively, the resected parathyroid adenomas were weighed and recorded. The data are expressed as the number of patients in each category and percentage of total patients in that group and the mean±SD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, Type 2 diabetes, and coronary artery disease (CAD) is higher in PHPT patients compared to the general New Jersey population and age-, sex-, and BMI-matched goiter patients. Male PHPT patients tended to be more obese and were found to have heavier parathyroid adenomas compared to female patients (p<0.05). Additionally, a higher percentage of male PHPT patients were found to have higher rates of CAD (11.5%) and Type 2 diabetes (23.0%) compared to female patients (5.80% and 10.9%, respectively, p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a higher prevalence of metabolic disorders and CAD in PHPT patients. Male PHPT patients had larger parathyroid adenomas at the time of surgery and had a higher prevalence of obesity, Type 2 diabetes and CAD compared to female PHPT patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, Deparment of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trooskin
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D049950:Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009515:New Jersey / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors