title: Dealing with fear of blushing: a psychoeducational group intervention for fear of blushing.
abstract: The clinical impression is that people who fear blushing do not easily seek psychological help for their complaints. Therefore, we designed a low-threshold psychoeducational group intervention to reduce fear of blushing. The intervention followed a cognitive-behavioural approach, but in a course setting, e.g., with 'participants' and 'teachers' instead of 'patients' and 'therapists'. The effectiveness of the course in reducing fear of blushing and social anxiety was tested in a group of blushing-fearful individuals (n = 47) by using an uncontrolled study design. The course consisted of six weekly sessions and one booster session 3 months after the last regular session. Assessments took place upon application, immediately before the intervention, after the sixth session, before the booster session, and at 1-year follow-up. Results showed that the course was effective in reducing fear of blushing as well as symptoms of social anxiety. The positive effect of the course on anxiety measures suggests that it might be a promising approach for treating fear of blushing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The course 'dealing with fear of blushing' is a cognitive-behavioural group intervention in a course setting, e.g., with 'participants' and 'teachers' instead of 'patients' and 'therapists'. The course was effective in reducing anxiety complaints. An effect size of 1.4 and a reduction of approximately 30 points on this Blushing, Trembling and Sweating Questionnaire are comparable with what was reported for individual cognitive-behavioural treatments. Participants evaluated the course positively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. K.F.L.Dijk@uva.nl
authors.forename: Corine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dijk
authors.forename: Femke M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Buwalda
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: de Jong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001821:Blushing / Q000523:psychology*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008370:Manuals as Topic; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009426:Netherlands; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*