title: Mucoadhesive and pH-sensitive thiolated Eudragit microspheres for oral delivery of Pasteurella multocida antigens containing dermonecrotoxin.
abstract: In this study, cysteine was conjugated to the Eudragit to have mucoadhesive and pH-sensitive properties. Pasteurella multocida dermonecrotoxin (PMT) is a major virulence factor as a causative agent of atrophic rhinitis (AR) in swine and, therefore, inactivated P. multocida was used as a candidate vaccine in the current study. PMT-loaded thiolated Eudragit microspheres (TEMS) prepared using W/O/W emulsion-solvent evaporation method were characterized to assess their efficacy in oral vaccination. PMT-loaded TEMS were observed as spherical shapes with smooth surfaces and average particle sizes were 5.2 +/- 0.55 microm. The loading efficiency of PMT in the TEMS was about 75.3%. A significantly higher percentage of PMT from PMT-loaded TEMS was released at pH 7.4 than at pH 1.5. Murine macrophage stimulated with PMT-loaded TEMS facilitated a gradual secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide as immune stimulatory mediators in a time dependent manner, suggesting that the released PMT from PMT-loaded TEMS had immune stimulating activity of AR vaccine in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, South Korea.
authors.forename: Mohammad Ariful
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Hu-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ji-Shan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Rohidas B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Arote
authors.forename: Mi-Lan
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Han-Sang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Cheol-Heui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Yun-Jaie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Chong-Su
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D016979:Pasteurella multocida / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; C052804:dermonecrotic toxin, Pasteurella multocida