title: Closed-loop seizure control on epileptic rat models.
abstract: In this paper numerous alternative treatments in addition to pharmacological therapy are proposed for their use in epileptic patients. Epileptic animal models can play a crucial role in the performance evaluation of new therapeutic techniques. The objective of this research is to first develop various epileptic rat models; second, develop a portable wireless closed-loop seizure controller including on-line seizure detection and real-time electrical stimulation for seizure elimination; and third, apply the developed seizure controller to the animal models to perform on-line seizure elimination. The closed-loop seizure controller was applied to three Long-Evans rats with spontaneous spike-wave discharges (non-convulsive) and three Long-Evans rats with epileptiform activities induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) injection (convulsive) for evaluation. The seizure detection accuracy is greater than 92% (up to 99%), and averaged seizure detection latency is less than 0.6 s for both spontaneous non-convulsive and PTZ-induced convulsive seizures. The average false stimulation rate is 3.1%. Near 30% of PTZ-induced convulsive seizures need more than two times of 0.5 s electrical stimulation for suppression and 90% of the non-convulsive seizures can be suppressed by only one 0.5 s electrical stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Informatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan. sfliang@mail.ncku.edu.tw
authors.forename: Sheng-Fu
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yi-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Fu-Zen
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Da-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chung-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Herming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chiueh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D003292:Convulsants; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004569:Electroencephalography; D019277:Entropy; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D012372:ROC Curve; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D003292:Convulsants; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole