title: An evaluation, using the comet assay and the micronucleus test, of the antigenotoxic effects of chlorophyll b in mice.
abstract: We investigated the effects of the dietary pigment chlorophyll b (CLb) on cisplatin (cDDP)-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage, using the comet assay in mouse peripheral blood cells and the micronucleus (MN) test in bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. We also tested for thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in liver and kidney tissues, as well as catalase (CAT) activity and GSH in total blood. CLb (0.2 and 0.5mg/kg b.w.) was administrated by gavage every day for 13 days. On the 14th day of the experiment, 6 mg/kg cDDP or saline was delivered intraperitoneally. Treatment with cDDP led to a significant decrease in DNA migration and an increase in MN frequency in both cell types, bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. In the kidneys of mice treated with cDDP, TBARS levels were increased, whereas GSH levels were depleted in kidney and liver. In mice that were pre-treated with CLb and then treated with cDDP, TBARS levels maintained normal concentrations and GSH did not differ from cDDP group. The improvement of oxidative stress biomarkers after CLb pre-treatment was associated with a decrease in DNA damage, mainly for the highest dose evaluated. Furthermore, CLb also slightly reduced the frequency of chromosomal breakage and micronucleus formation in mouse bone marrow and peripheral blood cells. These results show that pre-treatment with CLb attenuates cDDP-induced oxidative stress, chromosome instability, and lipid peroxidation.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. julianaserpeloni@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Juliana Mara
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Serpeloni
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grotto
authors.forename: Alexandre Ferro
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Aissa
authors.forename: Adriana Zerlotti
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Mercadante
authors.forename: Maria de Lourdes Pires
authors.initials: Mde L
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Lusânia Maria Greggi
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Antunes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002734:Chlorophyll; C037184:chlorophyll b; D002374:Catalase; D005978:Glutathione; D002945:Cisplatin