title: Prognostic and risk factors in patients with locally advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the trunk and extremities.
abstract: 55 patients with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) of the trunk and extremities were studied. A Tissue Microarray was constructed using immunohistochemistry to quantify expression of the HER family, E-cadherins, and podoplanin. Clinical and histopathological factors related to lymph node metastasis and prognosis were also established. Primary tumor positivity was 25.5% for EGFR, 87.3% for HER-3, and 48.1% for HER-4. Metastases were positive for EGFR in 41.7%, for HER-3 in 83.3%, and HER-4 in 43.5%. HER-2 was negative in all samples. Membrane E-cadherin and cytoplasmic E-cadherin were positive in 47.3% and 30.2% of primary tumors and 45.5% and 27.3% of metastases, respectively. Podoplanin was positive in 41.8% of primary tumors and 41.7% of metastases. Intratumoral lymphocytic infiltrate was associated with lymph node metastasis. Patients with T3 tumors had better cancer-specific survival (CSS) than those with T4 tumors; patients with no lymph node involvement had better CSS than patients with N1 tumors. Undifferentiated tumors and hyperexpression of podoplanin were negative prognostic indicators on multivariate analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Pathology, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Rua Antenor Duarte Villela, 1331-Bairro Paulo Prata, 14784-400 Barretos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: de Lima Vazquez
authors.initials: de LV
authors.lastname: Vinicius
authors.forename: Cristovam
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scapulatempo
authors.forename: Natalia Martins
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Perpetuo
authors.forename: Faheez
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Teóclito Sachetto
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Antônio Talvane Torres
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: José Getúlio Martins
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Segalla
authors.forename: André Lopes
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Carvalho