title: State policies targeting junk food in schools: racial/ethnic differences in the effect of policy change on soda consumption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We estimated the association between state policy changes and adolescent soda consumption and body mass index (BMI) percentile, overall and by race/ethnicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained data on whether states required or recommended that schools prohibit junk food in vending machines, snack bars, concession stands, and parties from the 2000 and 2006 School Health Policies and Programs Study. We used linear mixed models to estimate the association between 2000-2006 policy changes and 2007 soda consumption and BMI percentile, as reported by 90 730 students in 33 states and the District of Columbia in the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, and to test for racial/ethnic differences in the associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Policy changes targeting concession stands were associated with 0.09 fewer servings of soda per day among students (95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.17, -0.01); the association was more pronounced among non-Hispanic Blacks (0.19 fewer servings per day). Policy changes targeting parties were associated with 0.07 fewer servings per day (95% CI = -0.13, 0.00). Policy changes were not associated with BMI percentile in any group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  State policies targeting junk food in schools may reduce racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent soda consumption, but their impact appears to be too weak to reduce adolescent BMI percentile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA. dtaber@uic.edu
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Taber
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Kelly R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Evenson
authors.forename: Dianne S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poole
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Maciejewski
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Ross C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Brownson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D040343:Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005509:Food Dispensers, Automatic / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011057:Politics; D044469:Racial Groups; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors