title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for surveillance of choroidal carcinoma patients: features of liver metastasis arising several years after treatment of the primary tumor.
abstract: Choroidal carcinoma is an insidious tumor frequently causing late liver metastases which are associated with a poor outcome. Since metastatic liver lesions are potentially resectable with curative intention, tight follow-up schedules after treatment of primary tumors for the early detection of liver metastasis have been proposed. The methods employed so far, however, have proven to be of limited sensitivity, and it is likely that a combined approach comprising the use of both imaging techniques and biohumoral markers will, in the future, improve the sensitivity of methods aiming at detecting liver metastasis early. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is increasingly used in the clinic due to its advantage over conventional sonography for the early detection of tumor lesions and thus represents a promising accurate and cost-effective diagnostic tool. Its use for the early diagnosis of metastatic choroidal cancer has never been proposed before in the literature. Here, we describe for the first time the CEUS features of a large liver metastasis originating from choroidal cancer occurring 13 years after diagnosis in comparison to PET-CT, MRI and conventional sonography. Furthermore, we propose CEUS as a routine follow-up method for the early detection of liver metastasis of patients affected by choroidal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of the University of Munich, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Enrico N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: De Toni
authors.forename: Eike
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gallmeier
authors.forename: Christoph J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Auernhammer
authors.forename: Dirk-Andrè
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Clevert