title: Longitudinal study of bone mineral density in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria.
abstract: Children with idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) may have a reduced bone mineral density (BMD), which could impact on bone health in adulthood. There is currently no strong evidence for a preferred treatment of such children. The aim of our study was to evaluate the BMD z-score before and after treating children and adolescents with IH with potassium citrate and thiazides. The study consisted of a historical cohort of 80 pediatric patients who were evaluated between October 1989 and November 2010. Bone scanning and densitometry measurements were made with dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry. Lumbar-spine BMD (g/cm(2)) and BMD z-score were evaluated before and after treatment. The t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Forty-three boys and 37 girls were followed for a median time of 6.0 years. Median calcium excretion before and after treatment was 5.0 and 2.6 mg/kg/24 h, respectively. The BMD z-score changed significantly from -0.763 ± 0.954 (mean ± SD) to -0.537 ± 0.898 (p < 0.0001) before and after treatment, respectively. The BMD z-score of the patients improved with treatment, suggesting a beneficial effect and potential need for treatment. However, the lack of a control group points to the need for future studies to corroborate this outcome.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Clinics Hospital, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, Santa Efigenia, Belo Horizonte, 30130100 Minas Gerais, Brazil. mariagorettipenido@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Maria Goretti
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Moreira Guimarães Penido
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Sousa Tavares
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campos Linhares
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Silva Barbosa
authors.forename: Maarmed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cunha
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053565:Hypercalciuria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D019357:Potassium Citrate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049993:Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049971:Thiazides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D049993:Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; D049971:Thiazides; D019357:Potassium Citrate