title: Incorrect surgical procedures within and outside of the operating room: a follow-up report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe incorrect surgical procedures reported from mid-2006 to 2009 from Veterans Health Administration medical centers and build on previously reported events from 2001 to mid-2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective database review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Veterans Health Administration medical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Veterans Health Administration implemented Medical Team Training and continues to support their directive for ensuring correct surgery to improve surgical patient safety.
  
  
  METHODS
  The categories were incorrect procedure types (wrong patient, side, site, procedure, or implant), major or minor surgery, in or out of the operating room (OR), adverse event or close call, specialty, and harm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our review produced 237 reports (101 adverse events, 136 close calls) and found decreased harm compared with the previous report. The rate of reported adverse events decreased from 3.21 to 2.4 per month (P = .02). Reported close calls increased from 1.97 to 3.24 per month (P ≤ .001). Adverse events were evenly split between OR (50) and non-OR (51). When in-OR events were examined as a rate, Neurosurgery had 1.56 and Ophthalmology had 1.06 reported adverse events per 10 000 cases. The most common root cause for adverse events was a lack of standardization of clinical processes (18%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of reported adverse events and harm decreased, while reported close calls increased. Despite improvements, we aim to achieve further gains. Current plans and actions include sharing lessons learned from root cause analyses, policy changes based on root cause analysis review, and additional focused Medical Team Training as needed.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Health Administration, White River Junction, VT 05009, USA. julia.neily@va.gov
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neily
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Noel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eldridge
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Carney
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pfeffer
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Yinong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Young-Xu
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gunnar
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bagian
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009873:Operating Rooms; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology