title: Emerging technologies from the Human Genome Project for understanding susceptibility and risk.
abstract: The new technologies from the Human Genome Program provide exceptional opportunities for surveying and measuring human exposure, as well as determining susceptibility on an individual-by-individual basis. These new technologies will soon enable rapid screening of populations at risk, as well as the broader public, for a variety of genes known to be associated with increased risk. These include specific oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and DNA repair enzymes. Use of these technologies also presents a number of ethical issues, both in screening and in use of the information about individuals. Overall, the use of rapid genotyping technologies will introduce a specificity and possible group identifiers that will present new challenges to the determination of risk within the EPA mandate.
authors.affiliation: Human Genome Program, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 459 Donner Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Spengler