title: Prevention of emergence agitation in seven children receiving low-dose ketamine and propofol total intravenous anesthesia.
abstract: Emergence agitation (EA) can be a distressing side effect of pediatric anesthesia. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 7 pediatric oncology patients who received low-dose ketamine in conjunction with propofol for total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) repeatedly for radiation therapy. EA signs were observed in all 7 patients in association with propofol TIVA but did not recur in any of 123 subsequent anesthetics sessions during which low-dose ketamine was added to propofol. Based on this experience, we suggest that low-dose ketamine added to propofol may be associated with prevention of EA in children with a history of EA with propofol TIVA.
authors.affiliation: Pain Management Service, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA. doralina.anghelescu@stjude.org
authors.forename: Doralina L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Anghelescu
authors.forename: Lauren C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rakes
authors.forename: Jack R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Shearer
authors.forename: George B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Bikhazi
mesh_terms: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D007649:Ketamine; D015742:Propofol