title: Lower cardiorespiratory fitness in children with Type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to compare cardiorespiratory fitness levels in children with and without Type 1 diabetes. In addition, the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and a range of physical and clinical factors was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight children with Type 1 diabetes aged 5-14 years completed a submaximal step test of cardiorespiratory fitness. Sixty-two of these children were successfully matched to control subjects without diabetes based on age, sex and anthropometrics for comparison. In addition, the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and a range of physical and clinical variables was assessed in the children with diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The heart rate response to exercise was higher in children with Type 1 diabetes, indicating reduced cardiorespiratory fitness levels compared with control subjects. Both gender and glycaemic control (HbA(1c) ) were significantly associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, with female sex and poorer glycaemic control associated with reduced fitness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future research should investigate whether the reduced fitness in children with Type 1 diabetes is attributable to lower physical activity levels, or physiological changes resulting from the diabetes pathology itself.
authors.affiliation: School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Guelfi
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001315:Australia; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose