title: Negative regulation of abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure by glutathione in Arabidopsis.
abstract: We found that glutathione (GSH) is involved in abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure. Regulation of ABA signaling by GSH in guard cells was investigated using an Arabidopsis mutant, cad2-1, that is deficient in the first GSH biosynthesis enzyme, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and a GSH-decreasing chemical, 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). Glutathione contents in guard cells decreased along with ABA-induced stomatal closure. Decreasing GSH by both the cad2-1 mutation and CDNB treatment enhanced ABA-induced stomatal closure. Glutathione monoethyl ester (GSHmee) restored the GSH level in cad2-1 guard cells and complemented the stomatal phenotype of the mutant. Depletion of GSH did not significantly increase ABA-induced production of reactive oxygen species in guard cells and GSH did not affect either activation of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-permeable channel currents by ABA or oscillation of the cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration induced by ABA. These results indicate that GSH negatively modulates a signal component other than ROS production and Ca(2+) oscillation in ABA signal pathway of Arabidopsis guard cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bioscience, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okuma
authors.forename: Md Sarwar
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jahan
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Munemasa
authors.forename: Mohammad Anowar
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Daichi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muroyama
authors.forename: Mohammad Mahbub
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Ken'ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe-Sugimoto
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimoishi
authors.forename: Izumi C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murata
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004137:Dinitrochlorobenzene / Q000378:metabolism; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D005721:Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004137:Dinitrochlorobenzene; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C042431:S-ethyl glutathione; D005721:Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; D005978:Glutathione; D002118:Calcium