title: In vivo anti-inflammatory effect of Rosa canina L. extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rosa canina L. is a medicinal plant largely used in traditional folk medicine. Several compounds from rose hip extracts were reported to display in vitro anti-inflammatory activities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The in vivo effects of Rosa canina extracts are still poorly investigated. In the present study the anti-inflammatory and the gastroprotective effects of a hydroalcoholic crude extract of Rosa canina fruits were tested in rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was tested on the carrageenin-induced rat paw edema assay. The gastroprotective effect was investigated on the ethanol-induced gastric damage model. The in vitro antioxidant activity of this extract was also quantified using the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating reaction, the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity method, and the Total Phenolic Content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data show that the Rosa canina extract inhibits the development of carrageenin-induced edema; the anti-inflammatory power is similar to that of indomethacin. The antiedema effect was more significant using a higher dose of the extract. The total score expressing gastric damage was lower in Rosa canina pre-treated stomachs with respect to unpre-treated ones, although the antiulcerogenic effectiveness was not statistically significant. The antiulcerogenic effectiveness was not statistically detectable, even if the total score expressing gastric damage was lower in Rosa canina stomachs from pre-treated rats with respect to unpre-treated ones. Chemical analysis revealed that the extract owns a good antioxidant activity that may also contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects observed in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altogether, the present data demonstrate the anti-inflammatory property of Rosa canina suggesting its potential role as adjuvant therapeutic tool for the management of inflammatory-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Bologna University, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lattanzio
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carretta
authors.forename: Rinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cervellati
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Govoni
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Speroni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002351:Carrageenan; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol; D005638:Fruit; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027826:Rosa / Q000737:chemistry; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D002351:Carrageenan