title: Oxidative stress and inflammation: Implications in uremia and hemodialysis.
abstract: Oxidative response and inflammation constitute a major defense against infections, but if not properly regulated they could also lead to a number of deleterious effects. Patients affected by different stages of acute and chronic kidney disease, particularly patients on hemodialysis, present a marked activation of oxidative and inflammatory processes. This condition exposes these patients to an elevated risk of morbidity and mortality. This Review is up to date and it analyses the newest notions about pathophysiological mechanisms of oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with renal diseases, also considering the different strategies studied to counterbalance this high risk state.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Italy. carmelolibetta@unipv.it
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Libetta
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sepe
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dal Canton
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D014511:Uremia / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals