title: IL-33 induces IL-9 production in human CD4+ T cells and basophils.
abstract: IL-33, an IL-1 family member and ligand for the IL-1 receptor-related protein ST2, has been associated with induction of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Here, we report that IL-33 can initiate IL-9 protein secretion in vitro in human CD4+ T cells and basophils isolated from peripheral blood. TGF-β has been described as a critical factor for IL-9 induction in Th2 cells; however, we found that TGF-β also induces co-production of IL-9 in purified, naïve (>99%) CD4(+)CD45RA(+)CD45RO(-)CD25(-) T cells differentiated towards a Th1 profile. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that TGF-β is important, although not an absolute requirement, for IL-9 production in CD4+ T cells. IL-9 production by purified (>95%) human basophils, cultured for 24 h with IL-3 or IL-33, was found, with a strong synergy between the two, likely to be explained by the IL-3 upregulated ST2 expression. Collectively, these data indicate that barrier functioning cells are important for the regulation of IL-9 production by immune cells in inflamed tissue.
authors.affiliation: Dermato-Allergological Department K, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark. LBLO0015@geh.regionh.dk
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Blom
authors.forename: Britta C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.forename: Bettina M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Anker
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Lars K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Poulsen
mesh_terms: D001491:Basophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002469:Cell Separation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D016906:Interleukin-9 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C079241:IL1RL1 protein, human; C506536:IL33 protein, human; C508607:IL9 protein, human; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D016906:Interleukin-9; D007378:Interleukins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D015847:Interleukin-4