title: Genotype v Japanese encephalitis virus is emerging.
abstract: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a global public health issue that has spread widely to more than 20 countries in Asia and has extended its geographic range to the south Pacific region including Australia. JE has become the most important cause of viral encephalitis in the world. Japanese encephalitis viruses (JEV) are divided into five genotypes, based on the nucleotide sequence of the envelope (E) gene. The Muar strain, isolated from patient in Malaya in 1952, is the sole example of genotype V JEV. Here, the XZ0934 strain of JEV was isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus, collected in China. The complete nucleotide and amino acid sequence of XZ0934 strain have been determined. The nucleotide divergence ranged from 20.3% to 21.4% and amino acid divergence ranged from 8.4% to 10.0% when compared with the 62 known JEV isolates that belong to genotype I-IV. It reveals low similarity between XZ0934 and genotype I-IV JEVs. Phylogenetic analysis using both complete genome and structural gene nucleotide sequences demonstrates that XZ0934 belongs to genotype V. This, in turn, suggests that genotype V JEV is emerging in JEV endemic areas. Thus, increased surveillance and diagnosis of viral encephalitis caused by genotype V JEV is an issue of great concern to nations in which JEV is endemic.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shi-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Wei-Xin
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huan-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Qi-Yong
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi-Xing
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Wa
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Da
authors.forename: Dun Zhu
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Duo Ji
authors.forename: Xiu-Min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Guo-Dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003465:Culex / Q000821:virology*; D018349:Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral