title: Genetic polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 is associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of uPA system genes, including uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 gene polymorphisms, with risk of endometrial cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present case control study, we enrolled a total of 134 patients with endometrial cancer confirmed by histopathology and 302 unrelated healthy individuals. Genetic polymorphisms of uPA system genes, including uPA rs4065 C/T SNP, uPAR rs344781 T/C SNP, and PAI-1 rs1799889 4G/5G SNP were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) genotyping analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequency of PAI-1 rs1799889 4G/4G genotype and 4G allele differed significantly between patients with endometrial cancer (36.6% and 61.6%, respectively) and healthy individuals (25.5% and 52.2%, respectively). Individuals with PAI-1 rs1799889 4G/4G genotype were at higher risk of endometrial cancer (OR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.20-4.27). Stratification analysis showed individuals with PAI-1 rs1799889 4G/4G genotype were at elevated risk for endometrioid type (OR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.27-4.88), low stage (stages I-II) endometrial cancer (OR = 2.34; 95% CI 1.21-4.52). However, no significant differences in uPA C/T SNP, uPAR T/C SNP genotypes were observed between endometrial carcinoma cases and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with PAI-1 rs1799889 4G/4G genotype were at significantly higher risk of endometrial cancer in this study.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chung-Kuang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Kun-Tu
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Chao-Bin
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Po-Hui
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Esther Shih-Chu
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Ming-Chih
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Kai-Cheng
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shun-Fa
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yu-Chiao
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yi
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics*; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator