title: A cognitive behavioral based group intervention for children with a chronic illness and their parents: a multicentre randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coping with a chronic illness (CI) challenges children's psychosocial functioning and wellbeing. Cognitive-behavioral intervention programs that focus on teaching the active use of coping strategies may prevent children with CI from developing psychosocial problems. Involvement of parents in the intervention program may enhance the use of learned coping strategies in daily life, especially on the long-term. The primary aim of the present study is to examine the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral based group intervention (called 'Op Koers') 1 for children with CI and of a parallel intervention for their parents. A secondary objective is to investigate why and for whom this intervention works, in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of the intervention effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Participants are children (8 to 18 years of age) with a chronic illness, and their parents, recruited from seven participating hospitals in the Netherlands. Participants are randomly allocated to two intervention groups (the child intervention group and the child intervention combined with a parent program) and a wait-list control group. Primary outcomes are child psychosocial functioning, wellbeing and child disease related coping skills. Secondary outcomes are child quality of life, child general coping skills, child self-perception, parental stress, quality of parent-child interaction, and parental perceived vulnerability. Outcomes are evaluated at baseline, after 6 weeks of treatment, and at a 6 and 12-month follow-up period. The analyses will be performed on the basis of an intention-to-treat population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study evaluates the effectiveness of a group intervention improving psychosocial functioning in children with CI and their parents. If proven effective, the intervention will be implemented in clinical practice. Strengths and limitations of the study design are discussed.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN60919570.
authors.affiliation: Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Psychosocial department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Linde.Scholten@amc.nl
authors.forename: Linde
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scholten
authors.forename: Agnes M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Willemen
authors.forename: Martha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Grootenhuis
authors.forename: Heleen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maurice-Stam
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schuengel
authors.forename: Bob F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Last
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D006801:Humans; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000628:therapy