title: Osteoconductive protamine-based polyelectrolyte multilayer functionalized surfaces.
abstract: The integration of orthopedic implants with host bone presents a major challenge in joint arthroplasty, spinal fusion and tumor reconstruction. The cellular microenvironment can be programmed via implant surface functionalization allowing direct modulation of osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation at the implant--bone interface. The development of layer-by-layer assembled polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) architectures has greatly expanded our ability to fabricate intricate nanometer to micron scale thin film coatings that conform to complex implant geometries. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy of thin PEM implant coatings for numerous biomedical applications has previously been reported. We have fabricated protamine-based PEM thin films that support the long-term proliferation and differentiation of pre-osteoblast cells on non-cross-linked film-coated surfaces. These hydrophilic PEM functionalized surfaces with nanometer-scale roughness facilitated increased deposition of calcified matrix by osteoblasts in vitro, and thus offer the potential to enhance implant integration with host bone. The coatings can make an immediate impact in the osteogenic culture of stem cells and assessment of the osteogenic potential of new therapeutic factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Raymond E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: Mary X
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Paula T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Hammond
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D011479:Protamines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004573:Electrolytes; D011479:Protamines