title: Motivated expectations of positive feedback in social interactions.
abstract: People self-enhance in a variety of ways. For example, they generally expect to perform better than others, to be in control of events, and to have a brighter future. Might they also self-enhance by expecting to receive positive feedback in social interactions? Across five studies, we found that they did. People's desire for feedback correlated with how positive they expected it to be (Study 1), and their feedback expectations were more positive for themselves than for others (Study 2). People's positive feedback expectations also covaried with trait tendencies to self-enhance (i.e., self-esteem and narcissism; Study 3) and with a direct situational manipulation of self-enhancement motivation (Study 4). Finally, people expected to receive positive feedback but did not consistently expect to receive self-verifying feedback (Study 5). These findings are consistent with social expectations being driven in part by the self-enhancement motive.
authors.affiliation: University of Southampton, School of Psychology, Centre for Research on Self and Identity, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK. E.Hepper@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Erica G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Hepper
authors.forename: Claire M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Aiden P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Gregg
authors.forename: Constantine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sedikides
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D030141:Feedback, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology*; D012649:Self Concept; D012931:Social Environment; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult