title: Striatal gating through up states and oscillations in the basal ganglia: Implications for Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Up states are a hallmark of striatal physiology. Spontaneous activity in the thalamo-cortical network drives robust plateau depolarizations in the medium spiny projection neurons of the striatum. Medium spiny neuron firing is only possible during up states and is very tightly regulated by dopamine and NMDA receptors. In a rat model of Parkinson's disease the medium spiny neurons projecting to the globus pallidus (indirect pathway) show more depolarized up states and increased firing. This is translated into abnormal patterns of synchronization between the globus pallidus and frontal cortex, which are believed to underlie the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Here we review our work in the field and propose a mechanism through which the lack of D2 receptor stimulation in the striatum allows the establishment of fixed routes of information flow in the cortico-striato-pallidal network.
authors.affiliation: Neural Circuit Physiology Lab., Systems Neuroscience Group, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Buenos Aires School of Medicine, 2155 Paraguay St., Buenos Aires 1121, Argentina. czold@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Camila L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Zold
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kasanetz
authors.forename: Pablo E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Pomata
authors.forename: Mariano A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Belluscio
authors.forename: Mariela V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Escande
authors.forename: Gregorio L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Galinanes
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Riquelme
authors.forename: Mario Gustavo
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Murer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D018683:Excitatory Amino Acid Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018683:Excitatory Amino Acid Agents; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate