title: [Disinfection efficiency for outlet water from biological activated carbon process by different disinfecting modes].
abstract: Lab-scale tests were designed to treat the leak of bacteria from BAC process. Water samples from outlet of BAC pool in Xujing Waterworks in Shanghai were disinfected by NaClO and NH2Cl disinfectant to compare the disinfection efficiency. Heterotrophic bacteria in disinfected water were cultivated and counted and halo hydrocarbons were detected by GC. To keep the disinfecting efficacy [lg(N0/N)] over 2 under the water temperature of 30 degrees C, NaClO should have an initial concentration more than 1.84 mg/L total chlorine and contact with bacteria for about 30 minutes. As to NH2Cl disinfection, the initial concentration should be more than 2.20 mg/L total chlorine and contacting time should be prolonged to about 90 minutes. The production of CHCl3 ranged from 4.97 to 7.10 microg/L and CCl4 ranged from 0.01 to 0.71 microg/L in NaClO disinfection tests with a initial disinfecting concentration in the range of 1.53-2.42 mg/L total chlorine values. In NH2Cl disinfecting tests, CHCl3 ranged from 4.43 to 5.55 microg/L and CCl4 ranged from 0.01 to 0.64 microg/L when initial disinfecting concentration limited in the range of 2.10-2.86 mg/L total chlorine values. All was below the state drinking water standard. The results showed that the disinfection process can be divided into fast step and slow step. NaCl0 has higher disinfecting efficiency on bacteria than NH2Cl, but neither can reach 100% effectivity. Meanwhile the risk of producing halo hydrocarbon over standard was proved to be negligible.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Water Science & Technology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. zulo9202@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Xing-hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.forename: Xiao-hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Ming-qun
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Meng
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D002606:Charcoal; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite