title: Technologies for micromanipulating, imaging, and phenotyping small invertebrates and vertebrates.
abstract: Small multicellular model organisms such as the invertebrate nematode C. elegans and the vertebrate zebrafish provide unique opportunities for both basic science and pharmaceutical discovery. In recent years, there have been significant breakthroughs in technologies to manipulate and image these organisms for a variety of purposes ranging from behavioral studies of neuronal circuits to high-throughput screening. Here, we review these advancements with a particular focus on the optically transparent model organisms C. elegans and zebrafish.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. yanik@mit.edu
authors.forename: Mehmet Fatih
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Yanik
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pardo-Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008846:Micromanipulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000295:instrumentation; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010641:Phenotype; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology