title: Staging and grading as prognostic factors in maxillary squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study was performed to present our long-term results in the treatment of maxillary squamous cell carcinoma and evaluate especially the influence of T staging and grading on patients' survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective analysis of 93 consecutive patients with alveolar, gingival, or palatal maxillary SCC treated at our clinic with surgical resection and/or radiation therapy. Data were obtained from chart review and patients' records and were analyzed statistically using the log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. The male:female ratio was 2:1 and the mean age was 63 years (range 35 to 94 yrs). Most patients showed a T4 stage (66%) and the most frequent staging was T4N0M0 (42%). The most common histopathological grading was G2 (57%), followed by G3 (22%) and G1 (21%). The 5-year overall survival rate was 71%, and the recurrence rate was 37%. Advanced T stage (T4) and grading did not significantly influence the cumulative survival rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T-stage and grading do not have a significant impact on patients' long-term survival. The most crucial factor for recurrence prevention and therefore survival are free resection margins.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital for Cranio, Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. wolfgang.poeschl@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Poeschl
authors.forename: Guenter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russmueller
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seemann
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klug
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Poeschl
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sulzbacher
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ewers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008441:Maxillary Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate