title: Management of treatment-related toxicity with targeted therapies for renal cell carcinoma: evidence-based practice and best practices.
abstract: The advent of targeted agents for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma has led to dramatic improvements in therapy. However, the chronic use of these medications has also led to the identification of new toxicities that require long-term management. Effective management of toxicity is needed to maximize the benefits of treatment and improve patients' quality of life. In addition, toxicity from these agents may affect treatment compliance, particularly with daily oral agents. This review delineates the toxicities that require monitoring, the underlying pathophysiology (when known), and treatments that may have benefits in relieving symptoms and side effects.
authors.affiliation: The Lank Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Appleby
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morrissey
authors.forename: Joaquim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellmunt
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011788:Quality of Life; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases