title: Phytochemical screening and evaluation of in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of Artocarpus altilis leaf.
abstract: This study investigates the effect of Artocarpus altilis leaf extracts on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity. Among the extracts tested, hot ethanol extract exhibited a potent ACE-inhibitory activity with an IC₅₀ value of 54.08 ± 0.29 µg mL⁻¹ followed by cold ethyl acetate extract (IC₅₀ of 85.44 ± 0.85 µg mL⁻¹). In contrast, the hot aqueous extracts showed minimum inhibition with the IC₅₀ value of 765.52 ± 11.97 µg mL⁻¹ at the maximum concentration tested. Further, the phytochemical analysis indicated the varied distribution of tannins, phenolics, glycosides, saponins, steroids, terpenoids and anthraquinones in cold and hot leaf extracts. The correlation between the phytochemical analysis and ACE-inhibitory activity suggests that the high content of glycosidic and phenolic compounds could be involved in exerting ACE-inhibitory activity. In conclusion, this study supports the utilisation of A. altilis leaf in the folk medicine for the better treatment of hypertension. Further studies on isolation and characterisation of specific ACE-inhibitory molecule(s) from ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol extracts of A. altilis leaf would be highly interesting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India.
authors.forename: Jalahalli M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Siddesha
authors.forename: Nataraju
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Angaswamy
authors.forename: Bannikuppe S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Vishwanath
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D031622:Artocarpus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol; D006027:Glycosides / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D006027:Glycosides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; C007650:ethyl acetate