title: Oncology nursing: educating advanced practice nurses to provide culturally competent care.
abstract: More than 37 million persons or 12.4% of the U.S. population are older than 65 years. These numbers are expected to reach 71.5 million (20% of the population) by 2030. This older population is becoming more racially and ethnically diverse as the overall minority and culturally diverse populations increase. Although the incidence and mortality rates from several major cancers have declined due to advances in cancer care, these advances have lagged among the underserved and more vulnerable racially and culturally diverse populations. Moreover, the disparity between the gender and the racial mix of nurses and the overall population continues to widen. Thus, a growing need for professional nurses and advanced practice nurses with formal educational preparation in all areas of oncology nursing exists. This article (a) highlights significant cancer disparities among diverse populations, (b) describes how cultural belief systems influence cancer care and decision making, and (c) explicates the need to prepare advanced practice nurses for careers that include cancer care of diverse and vulnerable populations through formal oncology educational programs. The "Top 10" reasons for becoming an advanced practice nurse specializing in the oncologic care of patients from diverse and underserved populations are presented.
authors.affiliation: Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. theresa.yeo@jefferson.edu
authors.forename: Theresa Pluth
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delengowski
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Purnell
mesh_terms: D054521:Cultural Competency; D004511:Education, Nursing, Graduate; D006801:Humans; D009726:Nurses; D009859:Oncology Nursing; D000078329:Workforce