title: Trends and attitudes regarding head and neck oncologic surgery: a survey of United States oral and maxillofacial surgery programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study were to: 1) estimate the prevalence and trends of American oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) programs in recruiting head and neck oncologic surgery (HNOS) -trained faculty, performing HNOS oncologic procedures and microvascular reconstruction, and presenting HNOS research at academic meetings; 2) estimate whether HNOS and microvascular reconstruction involvement varies among programs with or without a program director or chair trained in HNOS; 3) estimate whether HNOS involvement varies among those OMS programs that regularly attend and do not attend tumor board; 4) estimate whether HNOS involvement varies among those programs that have and have not presented HNOS research at an academic meeting; 5) estimate whether HNOS involvement varies among doctor of medicine-integrated and 4-year OMS programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Investigators developed and distributed a survey to all US OMS program directors and/or chair composed of questions regarding faculty prevalence and recruitment, frequency and trends in cases, and the priority of applicants for residency with regard to HNOS. There were 18 close-ended questions, and one open-ended question. Responses were recorded in categorical, Likert, ordinal, and numerical format. Bivariate associations were calculated using Fisher exact test and logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-three of 101 surveys were returned (62.3%). Ten program directors or chair completed a fellowship in HNOS (15.9%). Programs with an HNOS-trained program director or chair were more likely to have another HNOS-trained faculty member (P = .01), performed more malignant tumor resections (P < .001), neck dissections (P < .001), and microvascular free-flap reconstructions (P = .02) than programs without program directors or chair trained in HNOS. Programs that regularly attended tumor board performed an increasing number of malignant tumor resections (P = .008); and neck dissections (P = .003) than programs that did not regularly attend their institution's tumor board. Presentations of HNOS-related research at national meetings did not differ between doctor of medicine-integrated and 4-year OMS programs (P = .7). There was no difference in the prevalence of HNOS-trained program directors and chair between doctor of medicine-integrated and 4-year programs (P = .7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study's data and comments suggest that programs involved in HNOS have a strong involvement in expanded scope OMS and related academic activities.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Markiewicz
authors.forename: R Bryan
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Dierks
mesh_terms: D000288:Administrative Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005179:Faculty, Dental; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships / Q000639:trends; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D008511:Medicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000193:education; D037981:Neck Dissection / Q000193:education / Q000639:trends; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends*; D012575:Schools, Dental; D013039:Specialties, Dental / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000193:education / Q000639:trends*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D000078329:Workforce