title: Clinical significance of molecular detection of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in bone marrow and peripheral blood in patients with gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinases are responsible for proteolytic degradation of basement membrane and extracellular matrix. In tumor tissues, elevated expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) has been associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. However, little is known about the expression of MMP-1 in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) in gastric cancer patients. Thus, the aim of the present study is to determine MMP-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in BM and PB of patients with gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 857 patients with gastric cancer (577 males and 280 females) ranging in age from 27 to 87 years (average 61.6 years). MMP-1 mRNA expression levels in BM and PB were evaluated quantitatively by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of MMP-1 mRNA in BM and PB of patients with gastric cancer was significantly higher than in noncancer patients. High levels of MMP-1 mRNA expression were significantly associated with differentiated histology, tumor size, tumor invasiveness, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, and clinical stage. Particularly importantly, MMP-1 mRNA expression in PB was an independent factor of distant metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We disclosed that MMP-1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood and bone marrow of gastric cancer patients was very high, precisely reflecting staging of gastric cancer. MMP-1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood may be a useful marker for distant metastasis in gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Molecular Oncology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Beppu, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kosaka
authors.forename: Koshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mimori
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukagawa
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Etoh
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katai
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasako
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000201:enzymology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1