title: Secondary reconstruction of posttraumatic enophthalmos: prefabricated implants vs titanium mesh.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare individually prefabricated computer-assisted designed/computer-assisted manufactured (CAD/CAM) glass-bioceramic implants with nonpreformed titanium meshes for orbital floor reconstruction in secondary correction of enophthalmos.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a nonrandomized, comparative, prospective cohort study, 2 groups of 10 patients received secondary correction of enophthalmos with CAD/CAM implants in one group and titanium meshes in the other. Relative enophthalmometry and exophthalmometry data were assessed preoperatively, at the end of the operation, at day 90 postoperatively, and at day 365 postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, the globe position improved significantly at the end of the operation (P = .005 in both groups). At day 90, there was a significant tendency toward relapse of enophthalmos in both groups (P = .005 in the CAD/CAM group and P = .008 in the titanium mesh group). However, the globe position did not change significantly between postoperative days 90 and 365 in both groups (P = .57 in the CAD/CAM group and P = .35 in the titanium mesh group).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individually prefabricated CAD/CAM glass-bioceramic implants and nonpreformed titanium meshes produce similar results in secondary enophthalmos correction. Because of higher costs, the use of CAD/CAM implants should be confined to selected cases in secondary enophthalmos correction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erlangen University Hospital, Glueckstrasse 11, Erlangen, Germany. emeka.nkenke@uk-erlangen.de
authors.forename: Emeka
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nkenke
authors.forename: Eleftherios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vairaktaris
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spitzer
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stamminger
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holbach
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Knipfer
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stelzle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002516:Ceramics; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D015841:Enophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C023506:Glass ceramics; D014025:Titanium