title: Drug induced immune haemolytic anaemia in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study.
abstract: Drug-induced immune haemolytic anaemia is a rare but serious condition. This study investigated the possibility of drug aetiology of immune haemolytic anaemia (IHA) in 134 patients with new onset of IHA who were identified in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study between 2000 and 2009. Single drugs related to IHA in three or more patients and assessed more than once as a certain or probable cause of IHA in a standardized causality assessment included diclofenac, fludarabine, oxaliplatin, ceftriaxone and piperacillin. In a case-control study including all 124 IHA cases developed in outpatient care and 731 controls, significantly increased odds ratios (OR) were observed for beta-lactam antibiotics (OR=8·8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3·2-25·2), cotrimoxazole (OR=6·5; CI 1·1-37·9), ciprofloxacin (OR=6·9, CI 1·3-38·5), fludarabine (OR=22·2; CI: 2·8-454·5) and lorazepam (OR=5·3; CI: 1·2-21·2). Excluding new onset cases with a chronic IHA disease course, an increased risk became also apparent for diclofenac with an OR of 3·1 (CI 1·3-7·0). This is the first case-control study investigating drugs as risk factors for IHA. It corroborates an increased risk for several drugs that have been implicated as a cause of IHA in the standardized causality assessment of individual cases.
authors.affiliation: Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany. garbe@bips.uni-bremen.de
authors.forename: Edeltraut
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garbe
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andersohn
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bronder
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klimpel
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomae
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schrezenmeier
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Späth-Schwalbe
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grüneisen
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Abdulgabar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salama
authors.forename: Hanife
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurtal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000744:Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001604:Berlin; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000009:adverse effects; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000009:adverse effects; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000009:adverse effects; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000009:adverse effects; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D055815:Young Adult; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047090:beta-Lactams; D004008:Diclofenac; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D014740:Vidarabine; D008140:Lorazepam; C024352:fludarabine; D010878:Piperacillin