title: Impaired humoral response to vaccines among HIV-exposed uninfected infants.
abstract: Little is known about the vaccine protective response for infants born from HIV-infected mothers. We evaluated the antibody response to hepatitis B, tetanus, and diphtheria vaccine in vertically HIV-exposed uninfected infants and compared them to those of control infants not exposed to the virus. The quantitative determination of specific neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis B, diphtheria, and tetanus were performed blindly on serum samples. The results showed that 6.7% of the HIV-exposed uninfected individuals were nonresponders to hepatitis B vaccine (anti-HBs titer, <10 mIU/ml), and 64.4% were very good responders (anti-HBs titer, ≥1,000 mIU/ml), whereas only 3.6% of the nonexposed infants were nonresponders (χ(2)=10.93; 1 df). The HIV-exposed uninfected infants showed protective titers for diphtheria and tetanus but lower geometric mean anti-tetanus titers compared to those of the HIV-unexposed infants. Our data point to the necessity of evaluating vaccine immune responses in these children and reinforced that alterations in lymphocyte numbers and functions reported for newborns from HIV-infected mothers interfere with the vaccine response.
authors.affiliation: Center for Investigation in Pediatrics, Pediatrics Department, State University of Campinas Medical School, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil CEP 13083-887.
authors.forename: Beatriz Mariana
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Abramczuk
authors.forename: Taís Nitsch
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Mazzola
authors.forename: Yara Maria Franco
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Tatiane Queiroz
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Zorzeto
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Quintilio
authors.forename: Paulo Silva
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Maria Heloisa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Blotta
authors.forename: André Moreno
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Morcillo
authors.forename: Marcos Tadeu Nolasco
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Maria Marluce
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dos Santos Vilela
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D001938:Brazil; D004165:Diphtheria / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D013742:Tetanus / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines