title: Acute HIV seroconversion presenting with active tuberculosis and associated with high levels of T-regulatory cells.
abstract: A patient with well-defined acute HIV infection who developed concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis during the retroviral acute syndrome is reported here. In this patient high levels of T-regulatory cells (Tregs) and a low proliferation response to M. tuberculosis were initially detected, which normalized throughout follow-up. This case calls for the consideration of tuberculosis in patients in the early stages of HIV, and emphasizes the need for further study of the potential causal relationship between Treg cells and the risk of TB reactivation in HIV patients.
authors.affiliation: Área de Investigaciones Clínicas-Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sued
authors.forename: María Florencia
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Quiroga
authors.forename: María Eugenia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Socías
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salomón
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C508017:IL2RA protein, human; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit