title: Genetic diversity of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in Chinese native buffalo.
abstract: The origins of the domestic water buffalo remain contentious. To better understand the origins of Chinese water buffalo, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b (MT-CYB) gene from 270 individuals representing 13 Chinese domestic swamp buffalo populations. We found genetic evidence of introgression of river buffalo into Chinese swamp buffalo herds. Swamp buffalo haplotypes can be divided into two highly divergent lineages (A and B), suggesting that Chinese native swamp buffalo have two maternal origins. We found that the A→G transition in the buffalo MT-CYB gene stop codon resulted in buffalo haplotypes being terminated by one of two stop codons: AGA or AGG. AGA is common to river buffalo and lineage A of swamp buffalo, while AGG is specific to lineage B of swamp buffalo. Lineage A appears to have been domesticated in China. Further genetic evidence is required to clarify the origins of lineage B.
authors.affiliation: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, China.
authors.forename: C Z
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weining
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Campana
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.forename: X M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D017931:DNA Primers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial