title: Fully automatic geometry planning for cardiac MR imaging and reproducibility of functional cardiac parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish operator-independent, fully automated planning of standard cardiac geometries and to determine the impact on interstudy reproducibility of cardiac functional parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiac MR imaging was done in 50 patients referred for left-ventricular function assessment. In all patients, first standard manual planning was performed followed by automatic planning (AUTO1) and repeat automatic planning (AUTO2) after repositioning the patient to investigate interstudy reproducibility. Cardiac functional parameters were assessed and cine scans were visually graded on a 4-point scale from nondiagnostic to excellent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall success rate of AUTO was 94% with good to excellent geometry planning in >94% of cine standard views. Comparing manual versus fully automated planning, a high agreement of cardiac functional parameters (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, 0.91 to 0.99) with minimal percent bias (0.24 to 3.84%) was found. In addition, a high interstudy reproducibility of automatic planning was demonstrated (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, 0.89 to 0.99; percent bias, 0.38 to 5.04%; precision, 3.46 to 9.09%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fully automated planning of cardiac geometries could reliably be performed in patients showing a variety of cardiovascular pathologies. Standard cardiac geometries were precisely replicated and functional parameters were highly accurate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, German Heart Institute, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frick
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paetsch
authors.forename: Chiel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: den Harder
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kouwenhoven
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heese
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dries
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schnackenburg
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Kok
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gebker
authors.forename: Eckart
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fleck
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manka
authors.forename: Cosima
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jahnke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001331:Automation; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left