title: [The relationship between RACK1 expression and clinicopathologic information of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression and relationship of receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) and clinical characteristics in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Western Blotting was conducted to detect the RACK1 expression in ESCC cell lines. Immunohistochemistry was performed to assay the expression of RACK1 and Ki67 in tumor tissues and adjacent normal epithelium from 113 ESCC patients in tissue microarray. The relationship between the RACK1 level and such clinicopathologic profiles as age, gender, location, smoking, differentiation degree and TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) stage were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of RACK1 protein was significantly down-regulated in ESCC tissues as compared with the normal adjacent epithelium (χ(2) = 63.363, P < 0.01). An upregulated expression of RACK1 was observed in 72.5% (29/40) ESCC tissues of patients without a smoking history. And it was significantly higher than that in 46.6% (34/73) of patients with a smoking history (χ(2) = 7.040, P = 0.008). In addition, the rate of up-regulated of RACK1 was significantly higher in stage I and II group (63.8%, 44/69) than that in stage III group (43.2%, 19/44) (χ(2) = 4.616, P = 0.032). Moreover, the ESCC tissues with a higher Ki67 score showed a lower level of RACK1 than that with a lower Ki67 score (χ(2) = 8.261, P = 0.016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of RACK1 is down-regulated in ESCC tissues and associated with smoking. The expression of RACK1 was associated with smoking, TNM staging and Ki67 score of ESCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-yue
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhao-li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Su-sheng
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Guang-hai
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D000075370:Receptors for Activated C Kinase; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C419368:RACK1 protein, human; D000075370:Receptors for Activated C Kinase; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins