title: Association and treatment response to capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy with CYP2C9 polymorphism in head and neck cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of polymorphism in cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and response in patients receiving chemoradiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ten males suffering from locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and an equal number of healthy controls were genotyped for CYP2C9FNx012 and CYP2C9FNx013, leading to poor metabolizers (PMs) by PCR-based RFLP. Each case was assessed thoroughly for treatment response following WHO criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of heterozygous genotypes of both CYP2C9FNx012 (27.3%) and CYP2C9FNx013 (20.1%) were found to be significantly higher in the HNSCC cases as compared to the healthy controls. Tobacco intake in the form of chewing or smoking and alcohol intake resulted in several fold increase in the risk to HNSCC in the cases carrying variant genotypes of CYP2C9FNx012 or CYP2C9FNx013. Further, majority of the cases assessed for response (134) carrying variant alleles of both CYP2C9FNx012 (65.3%) or CYP2C9FNx013 (70.58%) were found to respond poorly to the radio-chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggests a significant association of the CYP2C9 polymorphism with HNSCC and treatment outcome underlining the importance of pretherapeutic genotyping in determining the treatment schedule.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. sayan_jal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pant
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parmar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verma
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics*; D001918:Brachytherapy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012907:Smoking; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases