title: TRIM E3 ligases in HIV infection: can these intrinsic immunity factors be harnessed for novel vaccines or therapies?
abstract: Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) E3 ligases are a recently identified family of proteins with potent antiviral activity in mammalian cells. The prototype TRIM E3 ligase, TRIM5α was initially identified as a species-specific antiviral restriction factor but subsequent studies suggest some antiviral activity by several TRIM E3 ligases in human cells. However, the mechanisms of antiviral activity by these proteins and their transcriptional, translational and post-translational regulation are poorly understood. Furthermore, the contribution of TRIM E3 ligases to relative resistance or viral control in vivo is largely unknown. Emerging data from our laboratory and other groups suggests that these proteins may have antiviral activity in vivo and contribute to HIV pathogenesis. Considering the significant difficulties so far encountered in developing an effective HIV vaccine and with the use of antiretroviral therapies, it will be important to further investigate the potential of TRIM E3 ligases as novel prophylactics or therapies.
authors.affiliation: HIV Pathogenesis Programme, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. ndungu@ukzn.ac.za
authors.forename: Thumbi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ndung'u
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases