title: Postoperative analgesia in impacted third molar surgery: the role of preoperative diclofenac sodium, paracetamol and lornoxicam.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic effects of preoperative intravenous (i.v.) paracetamol, diclofenac sodium and lornoxicam (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with impacted third molar who underwent surgical removal were randomly allocated into three groups: group P (n = 20), group D (n = 20) and group L (n = 20). Group P received preoperatively 1 g paracetamol i.v., group D 75 mg diclofenac sodium i.m. and group L 8 mg lornoxicam i.v. Postoperative pain intensity, additional consumption of analgesics postoperatively and postoperative complications were compared among groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The groups were comparable for pain scores (p > 0.05). Maximum pain scores were recorded in postoperative 4th h in all groups (group L 22, 14-44 mm; group P 24, 13-43 mm; group D 14, 10-24 mm, p = 0.117). Patients experienced high satisfaction scores which were comparable among groups (group L 85, 75-100 mm; group P 87, 70-95 mm; group D 84, 77-98 mm, p = 0.457).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative intramuscular diclofenac, intravenous paracetamol and lornoxicam effectively decreased the pain scores. The patients were satisfied with the three postoperative pain management regimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysegul Mine
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tuzuner Oncul
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yazicioglu
authors.forename: Zekeriyya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Alanoglu
authors.forename: Samimi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demiralp
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Cahit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ucok
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011292:Premedication / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010894:Piroxicam; D004008:Diclofenac; D000082:Acetaminophen; C059451:lornoxicam