title: Mineral intake independent from gastric irritation or pica by cell-dehydrated rats.
abstract: Gavage of 2 M NaCl (IG 2 M NaCl), a procedure to induce cell-dehydration-and water and 0.15 M NaCl intake in a two-bottle choice test-is also a potential gastric irritant. In this study, we assessed whether mineral intake induced by IG 2 M NaCl is associated with gastric irritation or production of pica in the rat. We first determined the amount of mineral solution (0.15 M NaCl, 0.15 M NaHCO3, 0.01 M KCl and 0.05 mM CaCl2) and water ingested in response to IG 2 M NaCl in a five-bottle test. Then, we used mineral solutions (0.01 M KCl and 0.15 M NaHCO3), whose intakes were significantly increased compared to controls, and water in three-bottle tests to test the gastric irritation hypothesis. The IG 2 M NaCl induced KCl and NaHCO3 intake that was not inhibited by gavage with gastric protectors Al(OH)3 or NaHCO3. IG 2 M NaCl or gavage of 0.6 N acetic acid induced mild irritation, hyperemia, of the glandular part of the stomach. A gavage of 50% ethanol induced strong irritation seen as pinpoint ulcerations. Neither ethanol nor acetic acid induced any fluid intake. Neither IG 2 M NaCl nor acetic acid induced kaolin intake, a marker of pica in laboratory rats. Ethanol did induce kaolin intake. These results suggest that IG 2 M NaCl induced a mineral fluid intake not selective for sodium and independent from gastric irritation or pica.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Araraquara 14801-903, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Constancio
authors.forename: Daniela T B
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Pereira-Derderian
authors.forename: José V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Menani
authors.forename: Laurival A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: De Luca
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D003681:Dehydration / Q000150:complications*; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004327:Drinking Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000187:drug effects; D005751:Gastric Lavage / Q000379:methods; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008900:Mineral Waters; D010842:Pica / Q000209:etiology*; D051381:Rats; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008900:Mineral Waters; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D000431:Ethanol; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D019342:Acetic Acid