title: Infectious scleritis after subtenon triamcinolone acetonide injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of Staphylococcus epidermidis infection after subtenon injection (STI) of triamcinolone acetonide (TA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 20-year-old patient with corneal graft rejection received STI of TA after insufficient response to topical and oral corticosteroids.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After conjunctival necrosis, necrotizing scleritis progressed although topical and systemic steroids were discontinued. Systemic ciprofloxacin, topical fortified amikacin, and vancomycine drops were used. Complete recovery was obtained after 3 weeks. Smears and cultures showed Staphylococcus epidermidis infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although uncommon, infectious scleritis can occur following uncomplicated subconjunctival corticosteroid injections. Infectious scleritis can be very difficult to diagnose as it may mimic an immune mediated disease. If the conjunctiva is suspected to be involved, a smear should always be taken. Prevention by sterilizing the injection site (prep and drape) and strong antibiotic prophylaxis are recommended to reduce the risk of the infectious scleritis.
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gharaee
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khalife
authors.forename: Setareh Sagheb Hossein
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Poor
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrishami
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000583:Amikacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016039:Corneal Transplantation; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D056965:Injections, Intraocular / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D015423:Scleritis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis; D058475:Tenon Capsule; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D014640:Vancomycin; D000583:Amikacin; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide