title: E2F1 is involved in DNA single-strand break repair through cell-cycle-dependent upregulation of XRCC1 expression.
abstract: The X-ray repair cross complementing group 1 (XRCC1) protein is involved in DNA base excision repair and its expression varies during the cell cycle. Although studies have demonstrated that rapid XRCC1-dependent single-strand break repair (SSBR) takes place specifically during S/G(2) phases, it remains unclear how it is regulated during the cell cycle. We found that XRCC1 is a direct regulatory target of E2F1 and further investigated the role of XRCC1 in DNA repair during the cell cycle. Saos2 primary osteosarcoma cells stably transfected with inducible E2F1-wt or mutant E2F1-132E were treated with hydroxurea (HU) for 36h and were subsequently withdrawn HU for 2-24h to test whether cell-cycle-dependent DNA SSBR requires E2F1-mediated upregulation of XRCC1. We found that SSBR activity, as determined using a qPCR-base method, was correlated with E2F1 levels at different phases of the cell cycle. XRCC1-positive (AA8) and negative (EM9) CHO cells were used to demonstrate that the alterations in SSBR were mediated by XRCC1. The results indicate that E2F1-mediated regulation of XRCC1 is required for cell-cycle-dependent SSBR predominantly in G(1)/S phases. Our observations have provided new mechanistic insight for understanding the role of E2F1 in the maintenance of genomic stability and cell survival during the cell cycle. The regulation of XRCC1 by E2F1 during cell-cycle-dependent SSBR might be an important aspect for practical consideration for resolving the problem of drug resistance in tumor chemotherapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
authors.forename: RongHua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: HongHai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: YuLin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: DeXi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D053904:DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
chemical_list: D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1