title: Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 gene polymorphisms and antisocial personality disorder: association with temperament and psychopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The molecular genetic of personality disorders has been investigated in several studies; however, the association of antisocial behaviours with synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) gene polymorphisms has not. This association is of interest as SNAP25 gene polymorphism has been associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and personality.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the distribution of DdeI and MnII polymorphisms in 91 young male offenders and in 38 sex-matched healthy control subjects. We also investigated the association of SNAP25 gene polymorphisms with severity of psychopathy and with temperament traits: novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MnII T/T and DdeI T/T genotypes were more frequently present in male subjects with antisocial personality disorder (APD) than in sex-matched healthy control subjects. The association was stronger when the frequency of both DdeI and MnII T/T were taken into account. In the APD group, the genotype was not significantly associated with the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised scores, measuring the severity of psychopathy. However, the APD subjects with the MnII T/T genotype had higher novelty seeking scores; whereas, subjects with the DdeI T/T genotype had lower reward dependence scores. Again, the association between genotype and novelty seeking was stronger when both DdeI and MnII genotypes were taken into account.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DdeI and MnII T/T genotypes may be a risk factor for antisocial behaviours. The association of the SNAP25 DdeI T/T and MnII T/T genotypes with lower reward dependence and higher novelty seeking suggested that SNAP25 genotype might influence other personality disorders, as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Basoglu
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oner
authors.forename: Alpay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ates
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algul
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bez
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herken
authors.forename: Mehmet Emin
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Erdal
authors.forename: Kerim M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Munir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D057237:Criminals / Q000523:psychology; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 / Q000235:genetics*; D013694:Temperament / Q000502:physiology*; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25