title: The functioning of oxygen concentrators in resource-limited settings: a situation assessment in two countries.
abstract: METHODS
  The paediatric wards of hospitals in Malawi and Mongolia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe oxygen concentrator functioning in two countries with widespread, long-term use of concentrators as a primary source of oxygen for treating children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic assessment of concentrators in the paediatric wards of 15 hospitals in Malawi and nine hospitals in Mongolia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oxygen concentrators had been installed for a median of 48 months (interquartile range [IQR] 6-60) and 36 months (IQR 12-96), respectively, prior to the evaluation in Malawi and Mongolia. Concentrators were the primary source of oxygen. Three quarters of the concentrators assessed in Malawi (28/36) and half those assessed in Mongolia (13/25) were functional. Concentrators were found to remain functional with up to 30 000 h of use. However, several concentrators were functioning very poorly despite limited use. Concentrators from a number of different manufacturers were evaluated, and there was marked variation in performance between brands. Inadequate resources for maintenance were reported in both countries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Years after installation of oxygen concentrators, many machines were still functioning, indicating that widespread use can be sustained in resource-limited settings. However, concentrator performance varied substantially. Procurement of high-quality and appropriate equipment is critical, and resources should be made available for ongoing maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Centre for International Child Health, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. sophie.lavincente@rch.org.au
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: La Vincente
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carai
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Enarson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maganga
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soyolgerel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duke
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D004865:Equipment and Supplies, Hospital / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D008295:Malawi; D008986:Mongolia; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen