title: Ribosomal synthesis of backbone macrocyclic peptides.
abstract: A wealth of knowledge has been accumulated on ribosomal synthesis of macrocyclic peptides in the past decade. In nature, backbone cyclization of the translated linear peptides is generally catalyzed by specific enzymes, giving them peptidase resistance, thermodynamic stability and various other physiological activities. Due to these biochemical traits, backbone cyclic peptides have become an attractive resource for the discovery of drug leads. Recently, various new methodologies have also been established to generate man-made cyclic peptides. Here, we describe the biosynthetic mechanisms of naturally occurring backbone macrocyclic peptides focusing on cyclotides, sunflower trypsin inhibitors (SFTIs) and cyanobactins as well as several new emerging methodologies, such as sortase mediated ligation, protein splicing method and genetic code reprogramming.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Md Shamim
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Reza
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suga
mesh_terms: D019881:Aminoacyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003500:Cyclization; D047169:Cyclotides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D047169:Cyclotides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C091930:kalata B1; C085274:patellamide A; D019881:Aminoacyltransferases; C120542:sortase A; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases