title: CD11c controls herpes simplex virus 1 responses to limit virus replication during primary infection.
abstract: CD11c is expressed on the surface of dendritic cells (DCs) and is one of the main markers for identification of DCs. DCs are the effectors of central innate immune responses, but they also affect acquired immune responses to infection. However, how DCs influence the efficacy of adaptive immunity is poorly understood. Here, we show that CD11c(+) DCs negatively orchestrate both adaptive and innate immunity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ocular infection. The effectiveness and quantity of virus-specific CD8(+) T cell responses are increased in CD11c-deficient animals. In addition, the levels of CD83, CD11b, alpha interferon (IFN-α), and IFN-β, but not IFN-γ, were significantly increased in CD11c-deficient animals. Higher levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, and CD8(+) T cells in the CD11c-deficient mice may have contributed to lower virus replication in the eye and trigeminal ganglia (TG) during the early period of infection than in wild-type mice. However, the absence of CD11c did not influence survival, severity of eye disease, or latency. Our studies provide for the first time evidence that CD11c expression may abrogate the ability to reduce primary virus replication in the eye and TG via higher activities of type 1 interferon and CD8(+) T cell responses.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neurobiology and Vaccine Development-SSB3, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Sariah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Kevin R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Mott
authors.forename: Aziz A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chentoufi
authors.forename: Lbachir
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: BenMohamed
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wechsler
authors.forename: Christie M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ballantyne
authors.forename: Homayon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghiasi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005123:Eye / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015817:Eye Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D039521:CD11c Antigen; D016207:Cytokines