title: Correlation of causes and outcomes in stroke in the young.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We studied the association of causes and stroke outcome of stroke in the young in Thailand.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was performed at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. All patients under 45 years of age who were diagnosed with stroke between 1996 and 2010 and who had complete workups for causes of stroke in the young were enrolled. Stroke outcome was defined as favorable or nonfavorable at approximately 1 year of follow-up. If the patient had normal functional ability or mild disability but the patient was fully employed, the outcome was classified as favorable. Clinical features of strokes and the potential stroke risk factors were compared between the favorable and nonfavorable groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-five patients were enrolled. About half of patients were male (47 patients; 55.3%). The mean age (SD) was 35.9 (6.2) years. Three-fourths of male patients had a stroke after 30 years of age, while female patients developed stroke in all age ranges equally. More than half of patients (45 patients; 52.9%) had cardiac causes of stroke. Rheumatic mitral stenosis accounted for 68% (31 patients), and 45% (14 patients) had atrial fibrillation. There were 64 patients (79%) who had a favorable outcome. Cardiac causes, particularly mitral stenosis and alcohol intake, were significantly associated with a nonfavorable outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stroke in the young generally has a favorable outcome. Factors associated with a nonfavorable outcome of stroke in the young were cardiac abnormalities and alcohol intake. A prospective study to evaluate the association of causes and outcome is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. somtia@kku.ac.th
authors.forename: Somsak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tiamkao
authors.forename: Kittisak
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawanyawisuth
authors.forename: Songkwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silaruks
authors.forename: Songsak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiatchoosakun
authors.forename: Pyatat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tatsanavivat
authors.forename: Verajit
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chotmongkol
authors.forename: Virat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Klungboonkrong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult