title: [Bone substitutes: Classification and concerns].
abstract: Autograft is considered as the "gold standard" for bone reconstruction. It provides osteoinductive factors, osteogenic cells, and appropriate osteoconductive scaffold. Donor site morbidity is the main limitation of autograft. Donor disease transmission limits the use of allograft. Synthetic bone substitutes still lack osteoinductive or osteogenic properties. Composite bone substitutes combining synthetic scaffold and biochemical substances initiating proliferation and cell differentiation, and possibly osteogenesis. Bone substitutes and grafts intended for clinical use are listed.
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, UDSL, 59000 Lille, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raoul
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiss
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000145:classification*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000145:classification*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002133:Calcium Sulfate; D002516:Ceramics; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006133:Growth Substances; D006801:Humans; D011108:Polymers; D013234:Stem Cells; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006133:Growth Substances; D011108:Polymers; D002133:Calcium Sulfate