title: Is the baboon model appropriate for endometriosis studies?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determinethe prevalence of spontaneous endometriosis andthe incidence of induced endometriosis after endocervical canal resection in baboons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Induction and follow-up of endometriosis in baboons, which is one of the primate species that develop spontaneous endometriosis. Forty-one baboons were checked for the presence of spontaneous endometriosis. We then attempted to induce endometriosis in 30 of them by endocervical canal resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institute of Primate Research, Nairobi, Kenya, and Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one baboons were checked for spontaneous endometriosis and 30 of them were used to develop a model of induced endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 41 baboons underwent diagnostic laparoscopy for 10 months. In a first step, 30 of this number subsequently underwent endocervical canal resection. In a second step, 20 of the 30 underwent uterine horn resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Follow-up by laparoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two of the 41 baboons were diagnosed with spontaneous endometriosis (4.8%). Twelve months after the surgical procedure to induce endometriosis, 8 of 29 animals presented with endometriotic lesions diagnosed by using laparoscopy and confirmed by histologic examination. The incidence of induced endometriosis in our model was thus 27.6%. In 2 baboons, endometriosis disappeared over time, resulting in a final rate of 20.7% (6/29).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of spontaneous endometriosis is very low (4.8%). Endometriosis can be induced (with a rate of just 27.6%) by endocervical canal resection to stimulate retrograde menstruation.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Surgery Unit, Medical School, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dehoux
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Defrère
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Squifflet
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Donnez
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polet
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mestdagt
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Foidart
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Langendonckt
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Donnez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015994:Incidence; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D010215:Papio; D015995:Prevalence; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous