title: Electrochemical oxidation of carbon-containing fuels and their dynamics in low-temperature fuel cells.
abstract: Fuel cells can convert the energy that is chemically stored in a compound into electrical energy with high efficiency. Hydrogen could be the first choice for chemical energy storage, but its utilization is limited due to storage and transport difficulties. Carbon-containing fuels store chemical energy with significantly higher energy density, which makes them excellent energy carriers. The electro-oxidation of carbon-containing fuels without prior reforming is a more challenging and complex process than anodic hydrogen oxidation. The current understanding of the direct electro-oxidation of carbon-containing fuels in low-temperature fuel cells is reviewed. Furthermore, this review covers various aspects of electro-oxidation for carbon-containing fuels in non-steady-state reaction conditions. Such dynamic investigations open possibilities to elucidate detailed reaction kinetics, to sense fuel concentration, or to diagnose the fuel-cell state during operation. Motivated by the challenge to decrease the consumption of fossil fuel, the production routes of the fuels from renewable resources also are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany. krewer@mpi-magdeburg.mpg.de
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Krewer
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vidakovic-Koch
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rihko-Struckmann