title: Sex differences in effects of cigarette smoking and 24-hr abstinence on plasma arginine vasopressin.
abstract: The present study examined plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels in 18 smokers (10 men, 8 women) and in 22 non-smokers (12 men, 10 women). Non-smokers came to the laboratory once, whereas smokers came twice: while smoking freely and following 24-hr abstinence. Plasma was collected for AVP assessment; salivary cotinine and expired carbon monoxide levels confirmed smoking status. Among non-smokers, men had higher AVP levels than did women (p<0.05). Among smokers, however, women displayed higher AVP levels than did men both while smoking and following abstinence (p's<0.05). Among men, smoking resulted in lower AVP levels compared to non-smoking men. In contrast, women who smoked displayed higher AVP levels compared to their non-smoking counterparts. AVP levels were not affected by 24-hr abstinence among smokers, regardless of sex, which suggests that dysregulation in AVP levels in tobacco smokers continues even following 24-hr abstinence. Findings are consistent with previous reports of elevated Th1/Th2 immune function among female smokers compared to male smokers and to male and female non-smokers. Data suggest sex-dependent AVP changes during smoking that could contribute to negative impact of smoking on cardiovascular health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA. mxg971@psu.edu
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Guaderrama
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Corwin
authors.forename: Christine H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kapelewski
authors.forename: Laura Cousino
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000097:blood*; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003367:Cotinine / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D003367:Cotinine