title: Comprehensive analysis of mitochondria in roots and hypocotyls of soybean under flooding stress using proteomics and metabolomics techniques.
abstract: Flooding is a serious problem for soybeans because it reduces growth and grain yield. Proteomic and metabolomic techniques were used to examine whether mitochondrial function is altered in soybeans by flooding stress. Mitochondrial fractions were purified from the roots and hypocotyls of 4-day-old soybean seedlings that had been flooded for 2 days. Mitochondrial matrix and membrane proteins were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. Differentially expressed proteins and metabolites were identified using mass spectrometry. Proteins and metabolites related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and γ-amino butyrate shunt were up-regulated by flooding stress, while inner membrane carrier proteins and proteins related to complexes III, IV, and V of the electron transport chains were down-regulated. The amounts of NADH and NAD were increased; however, ATP was significantly decreased by flooding stress. These results suggest that flooding directly impairs electron transport chains, although NADH production increases in the mitochondria through the tricarboxylic acid cycle.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Crop Science, Tsukuba 305-8518, Japan. skomatsu@affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Mohammad-Zaman
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Nouri
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nanjo
authors.forename: Keito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002952:Citric Acid Cycle; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D055868:Floods; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006019:Glycolysis; D018546:Hypocotyl / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D055432:Metabolomics; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins