title: Systemic responses during local viral infections: type I IFNs sound the alarm.
abstract: Type I IFNs are well known for their role in controlling virus replication and spread. Type I IFNs produced by the infected tissue also signal beyond the boundaries of the infection to regulate different elements of the anti-viral immune response. Recent reports show that type I IFNs directly condition naive monocytes residing in the distal bone marrow (BM) and induce the expression of effector molecules in memory T cells, before their recruitment to the infected site. In addition, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were shown to enter the cell cycle in response to systemically distributed type I IFNs. These discoveries expand our understanding of the pleiotropic effects of type I IFNs during infection and highlight the critical role of systemic signals in the development of an effective response to a localized viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. lopezca@vet.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Carolina B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hermesh
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000503:physiopathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000502:physiology*; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000503:physiopathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007370:Interferon Type I