title: Effect of intrathecal magnesium sulfate solution injection via a microcatheter in the cisterna magna on cerebral vasospasm in the canine subarachnoid haemorrhage model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate intracisternal injection of magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)) solution via a lumbar catheter for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm in the canine subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) model.
  
  
  METHODS
  SAH was induced in 7 beagle dogs using the dual haemorrhage model. Vertebral angiography was repeated on Day 1 (before SAH), and on Day 7 (during cerebral vasospasm) before and 1.5 hours after injection of 0.5 mL/kg of 15 mmol/L MgSO(4) in Ringer solution via the tip of a microcatheter placed in the cisterna magna from the lumbar spine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After injection of MgSO(4) solution, the cerebrospinal fluid magnesium ion concentration significantly increased to 3.89 ± 0.97 mEq/L (P < 0.01) from the baseline value (1.49 ± 0.07 mEq/L). The arterial diameters of the basilar artery (BA), vertebral artery (VA), and superior cerebral artery (SCA) on Day 1 were 1.26 ± 0.19 mm, 1.10 ± 0.13 mm, and 0.74 ± 0.21 mm, respectively. On Day 7 before injection, the arterial diameters of the BA, VA, and SCA significantly decreased to 0.75 ± 0.27 mm, 0.74 ± 0.25 mm, and 0.36 ± 0.21 mm, respectively (P < 0.01), due to vasospasm, and were significantly increased to 0.91 ± 0.27 mm (P < 0.01), 0.91 ± 0.31 mm (P < 0.05), and 0.54 ± 0.14 mm (P < 0.01), respectively, after intracisternal injection of MgSO(4) solution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intracisternal MgSO(4) therapy using a microcatheter from the lumbar spine may be effective against vasospasm in the clinical setting of endovascular treatment of ruptured aneurysm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, Shizuoka Hospital, Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan. kmori@med-juntendo.jp
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Yasukazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aiko
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000187:drug effects; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000187:drug effects; D002946:Cisterna Magna; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008274:Magnesium / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D008274:Magnesium