title: Incidence of human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas: now and 50 years ago.
abstract: The increasing incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas is believed to be due to the growing proportion of human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. To examine the time trend in the incidence of human papillomavirus, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas diagnosed from 1956 to 1969 (n = 43) and from 2007 to 2009 (n = 54) were tested by p16 immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for human papillomavirus. Morphologically, in these 2 time periods, the predominant type of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma changed from keratinizing to nonkeratinizing, with increase in nonkeratinizing cases from 28% to 67% (P < .001). Also, there was an increase in surgical resections versus biopsies (11% versus 46%; odds ratio, 6.6; P < .001) and base of tongue versus tonsillar location (20% versus 40%; odds ratio, 2.6; P = .04). The proportion of human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma increased from 35% to 72% (odds ratio, 4.9; P < .001). This increase was most apparent in men (odds ratio, 4.2; P < .001). This study provides the earliest historic baseline for human papillomavirus incidence in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and may serve as a reference point for evaluating the results of human papillomavirus infection preventive measures, such as human papillomavirus vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Jacinthe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chenevert
authors.forename: Simion
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiosea
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral