title: Effects of mastication on glucose metabolism in rats, with emphasis on differences in properties of food consumed whilst breeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, to elucidate the effects of preferred properties of food that affect the daily masticatory habits on the onset of lifestyle-related disease, we investigated whether groups of rats continuously fed with diet having distinct properties show differences in glucose metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six male Wistar rats aged 4 weeks were divided into two groups; only the pellet type feed was given to one (solid diet group), and the powdered feed to the other (powder diet group). The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to measure glucose metabolism. For the determination of statistical significance (p<0.05), blood glucose level and areas under the blood glucose response curve (AUC) were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AUC values were significantly different between the two diet groups when the animals were 45 and 51 weeks of age. The median blood glucose level in 45-week-old rats fed with the powder diet was significantly higher than those in age-matched rats fed with solid diet 45 and 120 min after glucose load. Similarly, the median blood glucose level in the 51-week-old rats in the powder diet group was significantly higher than those in the solid diet group at 30, 45, 60, and 120 min after glucose load.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We showed that the rats which had been fed with solid diet and therefore had been masticating the feed plentifully enhanced glucose metabolism. This can suggest the possible use of masticatory and dietary intervention, which promotes sufficient mastication of hard food, in the prevention and cure of human lifestyle-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan. kazuh@dpc.agu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujimasa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yurikusa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Taketo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D001947:Breeding; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose