title: Effect of combined carbohydrate-protein ingestion on markers of recovery after simulated rugby union match-play.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effect of ingesting carbohydrate alone or carbohydrate with protein on functional and metabolic markers of recovery from a rugby union-specific shuttle running protocol. On three occasions, at least one week apart in a counterbalanced order, nine experienced male rugby union forwards ingested placebo, carbohydrate (1.2 g · kg body mass(-1) · h(-1)) or carbohydrate with protein (0.4 g · kg body mass(-1) · h(-1)) before, during, and after a rugby union-specific protocol. Markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase: before, 258 ± 171 U · L(-1) vs. 24 h after, 574 ± 285 U · L(-1); myoglobin: pre, 50 ± 18 vs. immediately after, 210 ± 84 nmol · L(-1); P < 0.05) and muscle soreness (1, 2, and 3 [maximum soreness = 8] for before, immediately after, and 24 h after exercise, respectively) increased. Leg strength and repeated 6-s cycle sprint mean power were slightly reduced after exercise (93% and 95% of pre-exercise values, respectively; P < 0.05), but were almost fully recovered after 24 h (97% and 99% of pre-exercise values, respectively). There were no differences between trials for any measure. These results indicate that in experienced rugby players, the small degree of muscle damage and reduction in function induced by the exercise protocol were not attenuated by the ingestion of carbohydrate and protein.
authors.affiliation: Sport, Health and Exercise Science Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK. spsspr@bath.ac.uk
authors.forename: Simon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trewartha
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hogben
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: Dylan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005538:Football / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D059352:Musculoskeletal Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000097:blood; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D009211:Myoglobin; D003402:Creatine Kinase