title: Displacement pattern of the maxillary arch depending on miniscrew position in sliding mechanics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This clinical study was performed to evaluate the anteroposterior and vertical displacement patterns of the maxillary teeth in sliding mechanics depending on the position of interradicular miniscrews after the extraction of premolars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six women requiring maximum incisor retraction because of bialveolar protrusion were divided into 2 groups: group A (n = 18), miniscrew between the premolar and the molar, and group B (n = 18), miniscrew between the premolars. Cephalometric measurements for skeletal and dental changes were made before and after space closure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, significant incisor retraction with intrusion of the root apex was noted, with no significant change in the first molar position. Group B displayed significantly greater intrusion at both the incisal tip (1.59 ± 1.53 mm) and the root apex (2.89 ± 1.59 mm) than did group A. In spite of the mean reduction of the vertical skeletal measurements, we failed to find significant skeletal changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Miniscrews provided firm anchorage for anterior retraction. Selection of the placement site appeared to be an important determinant for the resultant displacement pattern of the incisor segment. Discriminative intrusion or retraction might be obtained via strategic miniscrew positioning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kee-Joon
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Chel
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chung-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Young-Jae
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tae-Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun-Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Seung-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kyung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000601:surgery; D001863:Bone Screws; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy*; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult