title: Impact of endoscopic surgical techniques on efficiency in pituitary surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the impact of the introduction of endoscopic surgical techniques into a neurosurgical practice for pituitary surgery on operative efficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series with chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing transsphenoidal pituitary surgery over a 4-year period were identified. The approach over this period evolved from classic transseptal surgery to exclusively endoscopic techniques. Patients were classified as having transseptal surgery, endoscopic approach with microsurgical resection, aborted endoscopic resection with subsequent microsurgery, and exclusive endoscopic techniques. Patient and surgeon demographics, operative times, total operating room times, and room setup time were examined. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression modeling were used to assess outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seven patients were identified. The use of the endoscope for either sphenoid exposure alone (n = 41) or for the entire procedure (n = 35) resulted in a significant reduction in operative and room times compared to transseptal approaches (n = 25). Exclusively endoscopic techniques resulted in a significant reduction in operative and room times independent of all other clinical and surgical parameters (P < .001). Progressive use of endoscopic techniques resulted in statistically significant progressive reduction in setup time (P = .001), operative time (P = .04), and total room time (P = .03) over the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transition from transseptal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery to endoscopic techniques implies a learning process for both neurosurgeon and otolaryngologist. Despite this, a noteworthy reduction in operative times, operating room times, and room setup times is observed. The impact of endoscopic techniques on efficiency in pituitary surgery is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0293, USA. btcome2@uky.edu
authors.forename: Brett T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Comer
authors.forename: A Byron
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Gal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004526:Efficiency; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007016:Hypophysectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D014213:Tretoquinol
chemical_list: D014213:Tretoquinol