title: Predictors of new graduate nurses' workplace well-being: testing the job demands-resources model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  New graduate nurses currently experience a stressful transition into the workforce, resulting in high levels of burnout and job turnover in their first year of practice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study tested a theoretical model of new graduate nurses' worklife derived from the job demands-resources model to better understand how job demands (workload and bullying), job resources (job control and supportive professional practice environments), and a personal resource (psychological capital) combine to influence new graduate experiences of burnout and work engagement and, ultimately, health and job outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive correlational design was used to test the hypothesized model in a sample of newly graduated nurses (N = 420) working in acute care hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Data were collected from July to November 2009. Participants were mailed questionnaires to their home address using the Total Design Method to improve response rates. All variables were measured using standardized questionnaires, and structural equation modeling was used to test the model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final model fit statistics partially supported the original hypothesized model. In the final model, job demands (workload and bullying) predicted burnout and, subsequently, poor mental health. Job resources (supportive practice environment and control) predicted work engagement and, subsequently, lower turnover intentions. Burnout also was a significant predictor of turnover intent (a crossover effect). Furthermore, personal resources (psychological capital) significantly influenced both burnout and work engagement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The model suggests that managerial strategies targeted at specific job demands and resources can create workplace environments that promote work engagement and prevent burnout to support the retention and well-being of the new graduate nurse population.
authors.affiliation: Distinguished University Professor and Nursing Research Chair in Health Human Resources Optimization, Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. hkl@uwo.ca
authors.forename: Heather K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Spence Laschinger
authors.forename: Ashley L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Grau
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Finegan
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D058445:Bullying; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology; D004511:Education, Nursing, Graduate; D005260:Female; D006295:Health Resources / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009785:Occupational Health Nursing; D009864:Ontario; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010563:Personnel Turnover; D011231:Preceptorship; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology*