title: Use of an oxytocin antagonist in in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer for women with repeated implantation failure: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study aimed to investigate the use of an oxytocin antagonist in improving the pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 150 infertile couples with RIF undergoing IVF-ET were divided into three groups. Patients who did not receive atosiban were used as controls (Group 1; n=80). Forty patients received a single bolus dose (6.75mg, 0.9mL/vial) of atosiban before ET (Group 2), and 30 patients received a bolus dose of 6.75mg atosiban followed by infusion at 18mg/hr for 3 hours immediately after ET (Group 3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significantly higher implantation rate (30.21%) was noted in Group 2 compared with Groups 1 and 3 (11.8% and 15.9%, respectively; p=0.0006). The clinical pregnancy rate of Group 2 (37.5%) was significantly higher than that of Groups 1 (12.5%) and 3 (20%) (p=0.0057). The live birth rate was significantly higher in Group 2 (35%) than in Groups 1 and 3 (10% and 16.67%, respectively; p=0.0031).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that IVF-ET using lower dosage of atosiban may improve pregnancy outcomes of patients with RIF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pei-Yi
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Meng-Hsing
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hsien-An
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Kuei-Hsiang
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Fong-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth; D008297:Male; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014668:Vasotocin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006727:Hormone Antagonists; C047046:atosiban; D010121:Oxytocin; D014668:Vasotocin