title: A mechanobiological model of epiphysis structures formation.
abstract: Developing bone consists of epiphysis, metaphysis and diaphysis. The secondary ossification centre (SOC) appears and grows within the epiphysis, involving two histological stages. Firstly, cartilage canals appear; they carry hypertrophy factors towards the central area of the epiphysis. Canal growth and expansion is modulated by stress on the epiphysis. Secondly, the diffusion of hypertrophy factors causes SOC growth. Hypertrophy is regulated by biological and mechanical factors present within the epiphysis. The finite element method has been used for solving a coupled system of differential equations for modelling these histological stages of epiphyseal development. Cartilage canal spatial-temporal growth patterns were obtained as well as the SOC formation pattern. This model qualitatively agreed with experimental results reported by other authors.
authors.affiliation: Mechanics and Materials Research Building 407, Office 203A, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. lmpeinadoc@bt.unal.edu.co
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Peinado Cortés
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vanegas Acosta
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Garzón Alvarado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000254:growth & development; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000502:physiology; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000502:physiology; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein / Q000502:physiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9