title: Obesity and blood pressure in 17-year-old offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes: insights from the Jerusalem Perinatal Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) influences fetal development and offspring's metabolic risk. We evaluated this association in 17-year-old offspring adjusting for birth weight (BW) and prepregnancy maternal BMI (mBMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  The JPS birth cohort contains extensive data on 92,408 births from 1964 to 1976. Offspring's BMI and blood pressure (BP) were obtained from military records. For a subcohort born between 1974 and 1976, prepregnancy mBMI was available. Offspring were classified as born to mothers with GDM (n = 293) or born to mothers without recorded GDM (n = 59,499).
  
  
  RESULTS
  GDM offspring had higher mean BMI and systolic and diastolic BP compared to no-recorded-GDM offspring. After adjusting for BW, GDM remained significantly associated with offspring BMI and diastolic BP (β = 1.169 and 1.520, resp.). In the subcohort, when prepregnancy mBMI was entered to the models, it markedly attenuated the associations with GDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal characteristics have long-term effects on cardiometabolic outcomes of their offspring aged 17 years.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Unit, Hebrew University Braun School of Public Health, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Meytal Avgil
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tsadok
authors.forename: Yechiel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Friedlander
authors.forename: Ora
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Paltiel
authors.forename: Orly
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Manor
authors.forename: Vardiella
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meiner
authors.forename: Hagit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hochner
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sagy
authors.forename: Nir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharon
authors.forename: Shoshanah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yazdgerdi
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Siscovick
authors.forename: Uriel
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Elchalal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects