title: Role of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes in Crohn's disease.
abstract: There is increasing interest in oxidative stress being a potential aetiological factor and/or a triggering factor in Crohn's disease, rather than a concomitant occurrence during the pathogenesis of the disease. Recent research has shown that the immune mononuclear cells of Crohn's disease patients are induced to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Similarly, the regulation of antioxidant enzymes during disease in these cells has been unravelled, showing that SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity and GPx (glutathione peroxidase) activity is increased during active disease and returns to normal in remission phases. However, catalase remains constantly inhibited which supports the idea that catalase is not a redox-sensitive enzyme, but a regulator of cellular processes. ROS (reactive oxygen species) can be produced under the stimulus of different cytokines such as TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α). It has been shown in different experimental models that they are also able to regulate apoptosis and other cellular processes. The status of oxidative stress elements in Crohn's disease and their possible implications in regulating cellular processes are reviewed in the present paper.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Boulevard Sud, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iborra
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moret
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rausell
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bastida
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguas
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cerrillo
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nos
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beltrán
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase