title: Obesity increases and physical activity decreases lower urinary tract symptom risk in older men: the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two potential targets for preventing chronic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in older men are obesity and physical activity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine associations of adiposity and physical activity with incident LUTS in community-dwelling older men.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) is a prospective cohort of men ≥65 yr of age. MrOS participants without LUTS and a history of LUTS treatment at baseline were included in this analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adiposity was measured with body mass index (BMI), physical activity with the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) and self-report of daily walking, and LUTS with the American Urological Association Symptom Index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) of the 1695 participants was 72 (5) yr at baseline. At a mean (SD) follow-up of 4.6 (0.5) yr, 524 (31%) of men reported incident LUTS. In multivariate analyses, compared with men of normal weight at baseline (BMI <25 kg/m²), overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9 kg/m²) and obese (≥30 kg/m²) men were 29% (adjusted odds ratio [OR(adj)]: 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.68) and 41% (OR(adj): 1.41; 95% CI, 1.03-1.93) more likely to develop LUTS, respectively. Men in the highest quartile of physical activity were 29% (OR(adj): 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53-0.97) and those who walked daily 20% (OR(adj): 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65-0.98) less likely than their sedentary peers to develop LUTS, adjusting for BMI. The homogeneous composition of MrOS potentially diminishes the external validity of these results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In older men, obesity and higher physical activity are associated with increased and decreased risks of incident LUTS, respectively. Prevention of chronic urinary symptoms represents another potential health benefit of exercise in elderly men.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. leparker@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: J Kellogg
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barrett-Connor
authors.forename: Douglas C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Lynn M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016138:Walking