title: STIM1 and Orai1: novel targets for vascular diseases?
abstract: The past five years have witnessed the discovery of the endoplasmic reticulum calcium (Ca(2+)) sensor STIM1 and the plasma membrane Ca(2+) channel Orai1 as the bona fide molecular components of the store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) and the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) current (I (CRAC)). It has been known for two decades that SOCE and I (CRAC) are required for lymphocyte activation as evidenced by severe immunodeficient phenotypes in patients lacking I (CRAC). In recent years however, studies have uncovered expression of STIM1 and Orai1 proteins in various tissues and described additional roles for these proteins in physiological functions and pathophysiological conditions. Here, we will summarize novel findings pertaining to the role of STIM1 and Orai1 in the vascular system and discuss their potential use as targets in the therapy of vascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trebak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; C103530:STIM1 protein, human; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D002118:Calcium