title: Cardioprotective effect of liposomal prostaglandin E1 on a porcine model of myocardial infarction reperfusion no-reflow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether liposomal prostaglandin E1 (lipo-PGE1) can decrease reperfusion no-reflow in a catheter-based porcine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two male Chinese mini-swines were randomized into three groups: six in a sham-operation group, and eight each in the control and lipo-PGE1 groups. The distal part of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in the latter two groups was completely occluded for 2 h, and then reperfused for 3 h. Lipo-PGE1 (1 μg/kg) was injected 10 min before LAD occlusion until reperfusion for 1 h in the lipo-PGE1 group. Hemodynamic data and proinflammatory cytokines were examined before AMI, 2 h after occlusion, and 1, 2, and 3 h after reperfusion. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and double staining were performed to evaluate the myocardial no-reflow area (NRA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Left ventricular systolic pressure and end-diastolic pressure significantly improved in the lipo-PGE1 group after reperfusion compared with the control group and also 2 h after AMI (P<0.05 for both). MCE and double staining both showed that lipo-PGE1 decreased reperfusion NRA after AMI (P<0.05, P<0.01). Lipo-PGE1 decreased serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) after myocardial infarction reperfusion (P<0.05 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lipo-PGE1 is cardioprotective in our porcine model of myocardial infarction reperfusion no-reflow, decreasing NRA and attenuating the inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ai-Li
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuan-Nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.forename: Xian-Lun
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000379:methods; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D008081:Liposomes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000527:Alprostadil