title: Plasma biochemical reference values in clinically healthy captive bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and the effects of sex and season.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bearded dragons are one of the most popular pet lizard species, and biochemical reference values are useful for health management of these reptiles.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to measure plasma biochemical values in healthy captive bearded dragons, determine reference values, and evaluate the effects of sex and season on the results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were collected from 100 captive healthy bearded dragons in Tokyo during the summer and winter. Plasma biochemical measurements were performed using a dry-slide automated biochemical analyzer. The data were then compared based on sex and season using 2-way ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Globulin, cholesterol, and calcium concentrations of females were higher in both summer and winter compared with the values obtained for males. Both males and females had higher uric acid concentrations in winter than in summer. When compared with males, females had a higher chloride concentration in summer and a higher total protein concentration and aspartate aminotransferase activity in winter. Potassium concentration in males was lower in winter than in summer, whereas in females cholesterol concentration was lower in winter than in summer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biochemical values that differed based on sex and season in bearded dragons were similar to those in other lizards. These differences reflect physiologic differences in reproductive status in females and seasonal changes in temperature and hydration status. Plasma biochemical values established for bearded dragons in this study will be useful in the diagnostic assessment of captive animals.
authors.affiliation: Den-en-chofu Animal Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. tamukai@vet.ne.jp
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamukai
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takami
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akabane
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Une
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008116:Lizards / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012621:Seasons; D012737:Sex Factors; D013696:Temperature; D014041:Tokyo