title: Relationships between fetal growth and maternal body mass indices, plasma glucose level, and plasma insulin level in Japanese women with mildly impaired glucose tolerance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify variables which are strongly associated with fetal growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects were 203 Japanese women who had a plasma glucose level ≥140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) on a 50-g glucose challenge test but were normoglycemic when challenged with a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) according to the criteria previously used in Japan. All the subjects subsequently gave birth to singleton infants. The correlations between the standard deviation for birthweight (birthweight SD) and 15 other variables, including the maternal body mass index (BMI), plasma levels of glucose and insulin on the GTT, and various indices calculated using data from the GTT, were then examined. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate analyses revealed significant correlations between the birthweight SD and the fasting plasma glucose level (P = 0.0063), the pre-pregnancy BMI (P = 0.0001), and the BMI at delivery (P < 0.0001). Only the BMI at delivery remained as a significant factor that was independently correlated with the birthweight SD after a multivariate regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The suppression of maternal weight gain, rather than the suppression of the plasma glucose level, may be effective for avoiding infants with overgrowth among Japanese women with mildly impaired glucose tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. mmamoru@med.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shono
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Ryutaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minakami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007564:Japan; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin