title: Human endothelial colony forming cells undergo vasculogenesis within biphasic calcium phosphate bone tissue engineering constructs.
abstract: An important consideration in bone regeneration is the need for expedited neovascularization within the defect site. Formation of a vascular network is critical for cell viability and normal function leading to tissue regeneration, but spontaneous angiogenesis is too slow to yield sufficient vessel formation. In this pilot study, human umbilical cord blood (hUCB)-derived endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) were evaluated for in vivo vasculogenesis in the macropores of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)/bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) bone tissue engineering constructs. Constructs were implanted on the abdominal wall of NOD/SCID mice for 4 weeks. This study demonstrated in vivo vasculogenesis by human ECFCs within the macropore space of BCP/BMP-2 constructs. The human ECFC-derived vessels anastomosed with the host vasculature and perfused vessels were visible in the very center of the 5mm diameter, 2.5mm tall scaffolds. Additionally, the vessels were evenly distributed throughout the construct. This study suggests that scaffolds containing ECFCs have significant potential for expedited neovascularization in bony defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Sheeny K Lan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Levengood
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Poellmann
authors.forename: Sherrie G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: Mervin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yoder
authors.forename: Amy J Wagoner
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D016513:Mice, SCID; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C020243:calcium phosphate