title: Antibodies to MOG are transient in childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the longitudinal dynamics of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) autoantibodies in childhood demyelinating diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We addressed the kinetics of anti-MOG immunoglobulins in a prospective study comprising 77 pediatric patients. This was supplemented by a cross-sectional study analyzing 126 pediatric patients with acute demyelination and 62 adult patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). MOG-transfected cells were used for detection of antibodies by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five children who were anti-MOG immunoglobulin (Ig) positive at disease onset were followed for up to 5 years. Anti-MOG antibodies rapidly and continuously declined in all 16 monophasic patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and in one patient with clinically isolated syndrome. In contrast, in 6 of 8 patients (75%) eventually diagnosed with childhood MS, the antibodies to MOG persisted with fluctuations showing a second increase during an observation period of up to 5 years. Antibodies to MOG were mainly IgG 1 and their binding was largely blocked by pathogenic anti-MOG antibodies derived from a spontaneous animal model of autoimmune encephalitis. The cross-sectional part of our study elaborated that anti-MOG Ig was present in about 25% of children with acute demyelination, but in none of the pediatric or adult controls. Sera from 4/62 (6%) adult patients with MS had anti-MOG IgG at low levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The persistence or disappearance of antibodies to MOG may have prognostic relevance for acute childhood demyelination.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Department of Neuroimmunology, Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pröbstel
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authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bittner
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authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sperl
authors.forename: D
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authors.lastname: Jenne
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authors.lastname: Magalhaes
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authors.lastname: Villalobos
authors.forename: C
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authors.lastname: Breithaupt
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authors.lastname: Weissert
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authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krumbholz
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authors.lastname: Kuempfel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blaschek
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gärtner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.forename: K
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authors.lastname: Rostasy
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Forne
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khademi
authors.forename: T
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authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brilot
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tantsis
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wekerle
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hohlfeld
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Banwell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bar-Or
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meinl
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Derfuss
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002460:Cell Line; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004673:Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis; D007223:Infant; D007700:Kinetics; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein / Q000276:immunology*; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C571326:MOG protein, human; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein