title: The use of mechanical alloying for the preparation of palladized magnesium bimetallic particles for the remediation of PCBs.
abstract: The kinetic rate of dechlorination of a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB-151) by mechanically alloyed Mg/Pd was studied for optimization of the bimetallic system. Bimetal production was first carried out in a small-scale environment using a SPEX 8000M high-energy ball mill with 4-μm-magnesium and palladium impregnated on graphite, with optimized parameters including milling time and Pd-loading. A 5.57-g sample of bimetal containing 0.1257% Pd and ball milled for 3 min resulted in a degradation rate of 0.00176 min(-1)g(-1) catalyst as the most reactive bimetal. The process was then scaled-up, using a Red Devil 5400 Twin-Arm Paint Shaker, fitted with custom plates to hold milling canisters. Optimization parameters tested included milling time, number of ball bearings used, Pd-loading, and total bimetal mass milled. An 85-g sample of bimetal containing 0.1059% Pd and ball-milled for 23 min with 16 ball bearings yielded the most reactive bimetal with a degradation rate of 0.00122 min(-1)g(-1) catalyst. Further testing showed adsorption did not hinder extraction efficiency and that dechlorination products were only seen when using the bimetallic system, as opposed to any of its single components. The bimetallic system was also tested for its ability to degrade a second PCB congener, PCB-45, and a PCB mixture (Arochlor 1254); both contaminants were seen to degrade successfully.
authors.affiliation: University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, FL 32816, United States. jcoutts@knights.ucf.edu
authors.forename: Janelle L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Coutts
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Devor
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aitken
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hampton
authors.forename: Jacqueline W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.forename: Cherie L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Geiger
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis*; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D010165:Palladium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D008670:Metals; D010165:Palladium; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D008274:Magnesium