title: Maturation of the GABAergic transmission in normal and pathologic motoneurons.
abstract: γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting on Cl(-)-permeable ionotropic type A (GABA(A)) receptors (GABA(A)R) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult central nervous system of vertebrates. In immature brain structures, GABA exerts depolarizing effects mostly contributing to the expression of spontaneous activities that are instructive for the construction of neural networks but GABA also acts as a potent trophic factor. In the present paper, we concentrate on brainstem and spinal motoneurons that are largely targeted by GABAergic interneurons, and we bring together data on the switch from excitatory to inhibitory effects of GABA, on the maturation of the GABAergic system and GABA(A)R subunits. We finally discuss the role of GABA and its GABA(A)R in immature hypoglossal motoneurons of the spastic (SPA) mouse, a model of human hyperekplexic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université de Bordeaux et CNRS-UMR 5287, avenue des Facultés, 4ème étage Est, 33405 Talence, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Emilie
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Allain
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Le Corronc
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delpy
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cazenave
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meyrand
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Legendre
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Branchereau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D005998:Glycine / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D018079:Receptors, GABA / Q000502:physiology; D018009:Receptors, Glycine / Q000502:physiology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018079:Receptors, GABA; D018009:Receptors, Glycine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D005998:Glycine