title: Results of the Randomized Aldosterone Antagonism in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction trial (RAAM-PEF).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac fibrosis is a major determinant of myocardial stiffness, diastolic dysfunction, and heart failure (HF). By reducing cardiac fibrosis, aldosterone antagonists have the potential to be beneficial in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 44 patients with HFpEF, we examined the effects of eplerenone, an aldosterone antagonist, on changes in 6-minute walk distance (primary end point), diastolic function, and biomarkers of collagen turnover (secondary end points). All patients had a history of hypertension, 61% were diabetic, and 52% had prior HF hospitalization. After 6 months of treatment, similar improvements in 6 minute walk distance were noted in the eplerenone and placebo groups (P = .91). However, compared with placebo, eplerenone was associated with a significant reduction in serum markers of collagen turnover (procollagen type I aminoterminal peptide, P = .009 and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I, P = .026) and improvement in echocardiographic measures of diastolic function (E/E', P = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although eplerenone was not associated with an improvement in exercise capacity compared to placebo, it was associated with significant reduction in markers of collagen turnover and improvement in diastolic function. Whether these favorable effects will translate into morbidity and mortality benefit in HFpEF remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Winters Center for Heart Failure Research and Section of Cardiology, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. adeswal@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deswal
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Biykem
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Douglas L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Mann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003094:Collagen / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000077545:Eplerenone; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D013148:Spironolactone; D000077545:Eplerenone; D003094:Collagen