title: Trauma exposure and mental health characteristics of incarcerated females self-referred to specialty PTSD treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the traumatic and stressful event exposure history and psychiatric health characteristics of soon-to-be released female inmates who self-referred to specialty posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The final sample (N=209) included female prison inmates aged 18 or older who were assessed for trauma exposure and axis I disorders with standardized clinical instruments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of serious mental disorders was high. Presence of psychiatric disorders was significantly associated with a history of traumatic event exposure and full or subthreshold PTSD, and high rates of overall traumatic event exposure (88%) and childhood sexual or physical trauma (74%). Descriptive profiles of specific lifetime traumatic and stressful events were associated with psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest strong behavioral effects associated with lifetime traumatic and stressful event histories and indicate major psychiatric health care needs among female prison inmates that are likely unmet by existing services.
authors.affiliation: Center for Behavioral Health Services and Criminal Justice Research, Rutgers University, 176 Ryders Lane, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. nwolff@cbhs.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: B Christopher
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Frueh
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gerardi
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fabrikant
authors.forename: Brooke E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Schumann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008016:Life Change Events; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology