title: Role of parenting style in achieving metabolic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the role of parenting style in achieving metabolic control and treatment adherence in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents of 100 adolescents with type 1 diabetes completed assessments of their parenting style and sense of helplessness. Parents and patients rated patient adherence to the treatment regimen. Glycemic control was evaluated by HbA(1c) values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An authoritative paternal parenting style predicted better glycemic control and adherence in the child; a permissive maternal parenting style predicted poor adherence. A higher sense of helplessness in both parents predicted worse glycemic control and lesser adherence to treatment. Parental sense of helplessness was a significant predictor of diabetes control after correcting for other confounders (patient age, sex, and treatment method).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An authoritative nonhelpless parenting style is associated with better diabetes control in adolescents. Paternal involvement is important in adolescent diabetes management. These results have implications for psychological interventions.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children' s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Maayan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shorer
authors.forename: Ravit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schoenberg-Taz
authors.forename: Ifat
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Levavi-Lavi
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phillip
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meyerovitch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose