title: Impaired reality testing in an animal model of schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Schizophrenia is a chronic and devastating brain disorder characterized by hallucinations and delusions, symptoms reflecting impaired reality testing. Although animal models have captured negative symptoms and cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia, none have addressed these defining, positive symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we tested the performance of adults given neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions (NVHL), a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia, in two taste aversion procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Normal and NVHL rats formed aversions to a palatable food when the food was directly paired with nausea, but only NVHL rats formed a food aversion when the cue predicting that food was paired with nausea. The failure of NVHL rats to discriminate fully real from imagined food parallels the failure of people with schizophrenia to differentiate internal thoughts and beliefs from reality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results further validate the NVHL model of schizophrenia and provide a means to assess impaired reality testing in variety of animal models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McDannald
authors.forename: Joshua P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Whitt
authors.forename: Gwendolyn G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Calhoon
authors.forename: Patrick T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Piantadosi
authors.forename: Rose-Marie
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schoenbaum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000601:surgery; D001245:Association Learning / Q000502:physiology; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000502:physiology; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000503:physiopathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D011936:Reality Testing; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013649:Taste