title: [Preparation and transdermal diffusion of ursolic acid ethosomes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prepare ursolic acid ethosomes and investigate the penetration characteristics of ursolic ethosomes as a transdermal vehicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ursolic acid ethosomes were prepared by injection method, and the shape and particle size of the ethosomes were analyzed. Ursolic acid permeation tests in vitro through the skin of rats were performed in TP-3 diffusion cell. The accumulated permeation amounts of ursolic acid 10% isopropanol solution, ursolic acid liposomes, ursolic acid ethosomes were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average encapsulation percentage, particle size, and Zeta potential of the ethosomes were (95.83 +/- 0.86)%, (87.5 +/- 7.5) nm and - (38.4 +/- 3.6) mV, respectively. The accumulated permeation amount of the ethosomes in 12 h was 146.49 microg x cm(-2), and its transdermal permeability in 12 h was 12.17 microg x cm(-2) x h(-1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The encapsulation percentage of the ethosomes is good, and the stability of the ursolic acid ethosomes is fine. Ethosomes can significantly enhance the diffusion rate of ursolic acid through the skin of rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China. ychen202@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qingqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wiu
authors.forename: Zhenhai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010316:Particle Size; D010539:Permeability; D051381:Rats; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012995:Solubility; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D000431:Ethanol; D008081:Liposomes; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097245:Ursolic Acid