title: The toxic activities of Arisaema erubescens and Nerium indicum mixed with Streptomycete against snails.
abstract: The comparative molluscicidal activities of Arisaema erubescens tuber extracts and Nerium indicum leaf extracts mixed with Streptomycete violacerruber dilution (SD) against the snail Oncomlania hupensis and the responses of the isozymes, esterase (EST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the A. erubescens extracts and the mixtures were investigated. The molluscicidal activity of A. erubescens water extracts mixed with S. violacerruber dilution was 4-5 times higher than a single A. erubescens or S. violacerruber dilution after 24-h exposure, and is also higher than that of N. indicum leaf water extracts mixed with S. violacerruber dilution. At the end of exposure to the N-butanol extracts of A. erubescens tubers (NEAT), the EST activity in snail liver decreased and some enzyme bands (EST 1 and EST 3 in exposure to NEAT) disappeared but the activities of SOD 1 increased. The effect was more obvious in mixture treatment than in single NEAT or SD treatment. The results indicated that molluscicidal activities of plant and microorganism could be more effective than single plant. The decline of the detoxic ability in snail liver cells could be the reason of the snail dying.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Urban and Environment Science, Central China normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wenshan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.forename: Jinglian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Anning
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Zhensen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu