title: Effect of mixed flavonoids, n-3 fatty acids, and vitamin C on oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity before and after intense cycling.
abstract: Consumption of plant flavonoids, antioxidants, and n-3 fatty acids is proposed to have many potential health benefits derived primarily through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study examined the effects of 1,000 mg quercetin + 1,000 mg vitamin C (QC); 1,000 mg quercetin, 1,000 mg vitamin C, 400 mg isoquercetin, 30 mg epigallocatechin gallate, and 400 mg n-3 fatty acids (QFO); or placebo (P), taken each day for 2 wk before and during 3 d of cycling at 57% W(max) for 3 hr, on plasma antioxidant capacity (ferricreducing ability of plasma [FRAP], oxygen-radical absorbance capacity [ORAC]), plasma oxidative stress (F(2)-isoprostanes), and plasma quercetin and vitamin C levels. Thirty-nine athletes were recruited and randomized to QC, QFO, or P. Blood was collected at baseline, after 2 wk supplementation, immediately postexercise, and 14 hr postexercise. Statistical design used a 3 (groups) × 4 (times) repeated-measures ANOVA with post hoc analyses. Plasma quercetin was significantly elevated in QC and QFO compared with P. Plasma F(2)-isoprostanes, FRAP, and vitamin C were significantly elevated and ORAC significantly decreased immediately postexercise, but no difference was noted in the overall pattern of change. Post hoc analyses revealed that the QC and QFO groups did not exhibit a significant increase in F(2)-isoprostanes from baseline to immediately postexercise compared with P. This study indicates that combining flavonoids and antioxidants with n-3 fatty acids is effective in reducing the immediate postexercise increase in F(2)-isoprostanes. Moreover, this effect occurs independently of changes in plasma antioxidant capacity.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Health, Leisure, and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: McAnulty
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Nieman
authors.forename: Lisa S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: McAnulty
authors.forename: Worley S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Fuxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Dru A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Henson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005080:Exercise Test; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004338:Drug Combinations; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014815:Vitamins; D011794:Quercetin; D001205:Ascorbic Acid