title: The relationship of eco-friendly attitudes with walking and biking to work.
abstract: Active commuting (AC) to work is an effective strategy for integrating regular physical activity (PA) into daily life routines, but limited research exists on influences of AC among adults. Current trends and interests toward environmental consciousness and sustainable forms of travel could impact transportation-related PA.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the association between eco-friendly attitudes (EFA) and several variables related to AC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of respondents to an online survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Employed adults, physically able to walk or bicycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey included questions about EFA, AC patterns, motivators and barriers for AC, and demographics. Eco-friendly attitudes were measured using a 9-item scale (eg, "I subscribe to ecological publications"). Participants were divided into quartiles on the basis of their EFA summary score (higher score = more ecologically friendly), and t tests and analyses of variance were used to make comparisons across groups on several variables related to AC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample (n = 375) was primarily young to middle-aged adults (mean age 39.4 ± 12.9 years), female (60.7%), and Caucasian (90.3%), with at least a high school education (94.6% with high school diploma or greater). Participants reported actively commuting an average of 2.4 ± 4.5 times per week and driving on average 8.4 ± 3.8 times per week. The mean EFA score was 33.4 ± 12.1 out of 63. Age was negatively related and education was positively related to EFA. Compared with those in the lower 3 quartiles, individuals in the top quartile of EFA scores were more likely to actively commute and less likely to drive and reported more self-efficacy, fewer barriers, and more motivators for AC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides insight into potential influences on AC and possible strategies for intervention. Future studies should continue to investigate ecological attitudes as a possible moderator of AC behavior. Public health-based interventions to promote AC may use ecology-themed messages for greater reach and impact.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA. mjb73@psu.edu
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bopp
authors.forename: Andrew T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Kaczynski
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wittman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D001642:Bicycling / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016138:Walking / Q000523:psychology*; D017132:Workplace