title: Quantitative ultrasound normative reference data for community-dwelling white and black females in the United States.
abstract: Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) race-specific normative reference data are not available for accurate calculation of Z-scores. The primary aims of this study were (1) to develop a race-specific QUS reference database for white and black females and to compare estimated fracture risk between these 2 racial groups and (2) to compare stiffness index (SI) values of white females in this study to manufacturer-obtained values. Subjects included 1111 females (31% black), aged 20-85 yr (52 ± 19 yr), with a mean SI score of 93.7 ± 20.1. White females, aged 20-39 yr (n=213), were used to calculate T-scores, whereas Z-scores were age and race specific. Black females had significantly higher SI scores than white females (p<0.001). White females aged 50+ yr in this study had significantly higher SI scores compared with manufacturer-derived values. Results highlight the need for population- and race-specific normative data when using QUS as a screening tool for identifying high fracture risk.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Ecology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. mzanovec@agcenter.lsu.edu
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zanovec
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kenneth M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Georgianna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tuuri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology; D015995:Prevalence; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult