title: Energy prediction equations are inadequate for obese Hispanic youth.
abstract: Assessing energy requirements is a fundamental activity in clinical dietetics practice. A study was designed to determine whether published linear regression equations were accurate for predicting resting energy expenditure (REE) in fasted Hispanic children with obesity (aged 7 to 15 years). REE was measured using indirect calorimetry; body composition was estimated with whole-body air displacement plethysmography. REE was predicted using four equations: Institute of Medicine for healthy-weight children (IOM-HW), IOM for overweight and obese children (IOM-OS), Harris-Benedict, and Schofield. Accuracy of the prediction was calculated as the absolute value of the difference between the measured and predicted REE divided by the measured REE, expressed as a percentage. Predicted values within 85% to 115% of measured were defined as accurate. Participants (n=58; 53% boys) were mean age 11.8±2.1 years, had 43.5%±5.1% body fat, and had a body mass index of 31.5±5.8 (98.6±1.1 body mass index percentile). Measured REE was 2,339±680 kcal/day; predicted REE was 1,815±401 kcal/day (IOM-HW), 1,794±311 kcal/day (IOM-OS), 1,151±300 kcal/day (Harris-Benedict), and, 1,771±316 kcal/day (Schofield). Measured REE adjusted for body weight averaged 32.0±8.4 kcal/kg/day (95% confidence interval 29.8 to 34.2). Published equations predicted REE within 15% accuracy for only 36% to 40% of 58 participants, except for Harris-Benedict, which did not achieve accuracy for any participant. The most frequently accurate values were obtained using IOM-HW, which predicted REE within 15% accuracy for 55% (17/31) of boys. Published equations did not accurately predict REE for youth in the study sample. Further studies are warranted to formulate accurate energy prediction equations for this population.
authors.affiliation: Bionutrition Research Program, Children’s National Medical Center, Clinical Research Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA. CKlein@childrensnational.org
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Villavicencio
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schweitzer
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bethepu
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Nazrat M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Mirza
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002648:Child; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics / Q000592:standards*; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010993:Plethysmography, Whole Body; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity