title: Bursopentine as a novel immunoadjuvant enhances both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to inactivated H9N2 Avian Influenza virus in chickens.
abstract: There is an urgent need for identification of a new adjuvant capable of selectively promoting an efficient immune response for use with vaccines and especially subunit vaccines. Our pervious study showed that Bursopentine (BP5) is a novel immunomodulatory peptide and has the ability to significantly stimulate an antigen-specific immune response in mice. In this study, the potential adjuvant activities of BP5 were examined in chickens by coinjection of BP5 and an inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV) (A/Duck/Jiangsu/NJ08/05 [AIV H9N2 subtype]). The results suggested that BP5 markedly elevated serum hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers and antigen-specific antihemagglutinin (anti-HA) antibody (IgG) levels, induced both Th1 (interleukin 2 [IL-2] and gamma interferon [IFN-γ])- and Th2 (IL-4)-type cytokines, promoted the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and increased populations of CD3(+) T cells and their subsets CD4(+) (CD3(+) CD4(+)) T cells and CD8(+) (CD3(+) CD8(+)) T cells. Furthermore, a virus challenge experiment revealed that BP5 contributes to protection against homologous avian influenza virus challenge by reducing viral replication in chicken lungs. This study indicates that the combination of inactivated AIVs and BP5 gives a strong immune response at both the humoral and cellular levels and implies that BP5 is a novel immunoadjuvant suitable for vaccine design.
authors.affiliation: Division of Key Lab of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology, China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, JingSu 210095, China. deyuanlinjau@gmail.com
authors.forename: Deyuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Maoyun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Junbao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Puyan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002060:Bursa of Fabricius / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D009842:Oligopeptides; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; C569205:cysteinyl-lysyl-aspartyl-valyl-tyrosine