title: Ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid-based microextraction combined with least squares support vector machines regression for the simultaneous determination of aluminum, gallium, and indium in water and coal samples.
abstract: A new simple and rapid ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid-based microextraction method was applied to preconcentrate aluminum(III), gallium(III), and indium(III) ions from water samples as a prior step to their simultaneous spectrophotometric determination using least squares support vector machines regression. In the novel procedure, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C(6)MIM][PF(6)] was dispersed into the aqueous sample solution as fine droplets by ultrasonication, and the analytes were extracted into the ionic liquid phase after complexation with 1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy anthraquinone (quinalizarine). After centrifuging, the fine droplets of extractant phase were settled to the bottom of the conical-bottom glass centrifuge tube. The detection limits for Al(III), Ga(III), and In(III) were 1.70, 2.02, and 2.06 ng mL(-1), respectively. The precision of the method, evaluated as the relative standard deviation obtained by analyzing a series of ten replicates, was below 3.2% for all elements. The method was successfully applied for the determination of Al(III), Ga(III), and In(III) in real samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Jahan.ghasemi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jahan B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zolfonoun
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000032:analysis*; D003031:Coal; D005708:Gallium / Q000032:analysis*; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D007204:Indium / Q000032:analysis*; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D060388:Support Vector Machine; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003031:Coal; D007204:Indium; D014867:Water; D005708:Gallium; D000535:Aluminum