title: Lipid profile of type 2 diabetic and hypertensive patients in the jamaican population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have shown that diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases in females to a greater extent than in males. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the lipid profiles of type 2 diabetic males and females.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 107 type 2 diabetic patients (41 males and 66 females), and 122 hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients (39 males and 83 females), aged 15 years and older. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were assayed for each group using standard biochemical methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean TC, TG, VLDL-C, HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations, TG/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios were higher in type 2 diabetic and hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic, and hypertensive non-diabetic control subjects, although these were not significant (P > 0.05). Hypertensive type 2 diabetic females had significantly higher serum TC (7.42 ± 1.63 mmol/L) than hypertensive non-diabetic males (5.76±1.57 mmol/L; P < 0.05). All the other lipid and lipoprotein parameters except HDL-C were non-significantly higher in females with type 2 DM and those with hypertension and type 2 DM, compared with type 2 diabetic and hypertensive type 2 diabetic males, respectively (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that dyslipidemia exists in our type 2 diabetic population with greater TC in hypertensive type 2 diabetic females compared with hypertensive type 2 diabetic males. This suggests that hypertensive type 2 diabetic females are exposed more profoundly to risk factors including atherogenic dyslipidemia compared with males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The University of the West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Dalip
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ragoobirsingh
authors.forename: Errol Y A
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Choo-Kang
authors.forename: Donovan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McGrowder
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martorell