title: Effects of controlled ingestion of kaolinite (5%) on food intake, gut morphology and in vitro motility in rats.
abstract: Geophagia is found in various animal species and in humans. We have previously shown that spontaneously ingested kaolinite interacts with the intestinal mucosa modifies nutrient absorption and slows down gastric emptying and intestinal transit in rats in vivo. However, the precise mechanisms involved are not elucidated. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of controlled kaolinite ingestion on food intake, gut morphology and in vitro motility in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with 5% kaolinite in standard food pellets during 7, 14 and 28 days. Body mass and food consumption were measured daily. Intestinal morphological and proteomic analyses were conducted. The length of mucosal lacteals was evaluated. Plasmatic levels of leptin and adiponectin were determined. Finally, organ bath studies were conducted to evaluate smooth muscle contractility. Food consumption was significantly increased during the first two weeks of kaolinite ingestion without any mass gain compared to controls. Kaolinite induced weak variations in proteins that are involved in various biological processes. Compared to control animals, the length of intestinal lacteals was significantly reduced in kaolinite group whatever the duration of the experiment. Leptin and adiponectin plasmatic levels were significantly increased after 14 days of kaolinite consumption. Changes in spontaneous motility and responses to electrical nerve stimulation of the jejunum and proximal colon were observed at day 14. Altogether, the present data give evidence for a modulation by kaolinite-controlled ingestion on satiety and anorexigenic signals as well as on intestinal and colonic motility.
authors.affiliation: Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Voinot
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Amandine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bœuf
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delval-Dubois
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Reichardt
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liewig
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chaumande
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ehret-Sabatier
authors.forename: Jean-Hervé
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lignot
authors.forename: Fabielle
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Angel
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007616:Kaolin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin; D007616:Kaolin