title: Tup1 stabilizes promoter nucleosome positioning and occupancy at transcriptionally plastic genes.
abstract: Despite technical advances, the future of chromatin mapping studies requires an ability to draw accurate comparisons between different chromatin states to enhance our understanding of genome biology. In this study, we used matched chromatin preparations to enable specific and accurate comparisons of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromatin structures in the presence and absence of the co-repressor protein Tup1. Analysis of wild-type and tup1 Δ chromatin data sets revealed unique organizational themes relating to the function of Tup1. Regulatory regions bound by Tup1 assumed a distinct chromatin architecture composed of a wide nucleosome-depleted region, low occupancy/poorly positioned promoter nucleosomes, a larger number and wider distribution of transcription factor-binding sites and downstream genes with enhanced transcription plasticity. Regions of Tup1-dependent chromatin structure were defined for the first time across the entire yeast genome and are shown to strongly overlap with activity of the chromatin remodeler Isw2. Additionally, Tup1-dependent chromatin structures are shown to relate to distinct biological processes and transcriptional states of regulated genes, including Tup1 stabilization of Minus 1 and Minus 2 promoter nucleosomes at actively repressed genes. Together these results help to enhance our mechanistic understanding of Tup1 regulation of chromatin structure and gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Piotr A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mieczkowski
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Buck
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D008836:Micrococcal Nuclease; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; C086468:ISWI protein; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C066502:TUP1 protein, S cerevisiae; D014157:Transcription Factors; D008836:Micrococcal Nuclease; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases