title: Mixed infection with Libyostrongylus dentatus and Libyostrongylus douglassii induces a heterophilic inflammatory infiltrate in the proventriculus of ostriches.
abstract: Libyostrongylus dentatus and Libyostrongylus douglassii are haematophagous nematodes found in the proventriculus and the ventriculus of ostriches. Pathological damage leading to bird death has been attributed to L. douglassii. However, histopathology of the mixed infection has not been reported. The aim of the present work was to characterize the cellular inflammatory infiltrate found in the proventriculus of ostriches with a mixed infection. Analysis of the collected nematodes confirmed a mixed infection in the proventriculus of examined birds. Histopathological examination of the proventriculus showed an inflammatory infiltrate composed of granular cells in close proximity to the nematodes. The granulocyte infiltrate was composed mainly of heterophils identified by the lack of peroxidase and presence of fusiform granules.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, 28013-602 Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Josiana Gomes
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.forename: Eulógio Carlos Queiroz
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Clóvis de Paula
authors.initials: Cde P
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Renato Augusto
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: DaMatta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005895:Gizzard, Avian / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D011531:Proventriculus / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D020310:Struthioniformes / Q000469:parasitology*; D014251:Trichostrongyloidea / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014252:Trichostrongyloidiasis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*