title: Genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and blood pressure responses to potassium intake.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Observational epidemiologic studies and clinical trials have documented that dietary potassium intake lowers blood pressure (BP). We examined the association between genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and BP responses to potassium intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 7-day high-sodium followed by a 7-day high-sodium plus 60 mmol/day potassium-supplementation feeding study was conducted among 1906 participants from rural northern China. Nine BP measurements were obtained at each intervention phase using a random-zero sphygmomanometer and 181 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 11 candidate genes of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system were used for analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Several SNPs in nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2 (NR3C2), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1), hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD11B1), and hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 2 (HSD11B2) genes were significantly associated with BP responses to potassium intervention. For example, the number of G alleles of the N554S missense mutation (rs5527) of NR3C2 was significantly associated with greater SBP responses to potassium intervention; mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] responses (mmHg) were -3.33 (-3.65 to -3.02) for genotype A/A and -5.47 (-6.64 to -4.29) for A/G, respectively (P value = 0.0004). In addition, the number of C alleles of the A1166C variant (rs5186) in AGTR1 was significantly and inversely associated with SBP responses to potassium intervention; mean (95% CI) responses were -3.55 (-3.87 to -3.24) for genotype A/A, -2.45 (-3.27 to -1.62) for A/C, and 3.25 (-5.73 to 12.23) for CC (P value = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These novel findings indicated that genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may play an important role in determining an individual's BP responses to dietary potassium intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. jhe@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Dongfeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Tanika N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hixson
authors.forename: Dabeeru C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Cashell E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Jaquish
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Lawrence C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Shimmin
authors.forename: Ji-Chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: De-Pei
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Whelton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D011188:Potassium