title: Cell death-inducing effect of novel palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes on non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Treatment for lung cancer is still far from satisfying rates. Therefore, there is a need for novel anticancer agents. For this purpose, novel platinum and palladium complexes {[Pd(sac)(terpy)](sac)·4H(2)O (Complex 1), [Pt(sac)(terpy)](sac)·5H(2)O (Complex 2), [PdCl(terpy)](sac)·2H(2)O (Complex 3), [PtCl(terpy)](sac)·2H(2)O (Complex 4)} have been tested against three different non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (A549, H1299, PC-3).
  
  
  METHODS
  Growth-inhibiting effects have been tested by the MTT and ATP viability assays. Apoptosis has been detected by the caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 (M30-antigen) assay. Necrosis has been detected by staining the cells with fluorescent dyes. Mitotic index has been calculated by counting the mitotic figures after staining with hematoxylin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complex 3 exhibited significant anti-growth effects, and its anti-growth effect was more powerful than that of cisplatin that is a standard chemotherapeutic agent for this type of cancer. The complexes did not induce apoptosis, while necrosis clearly took place.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Novel Pd(II) complex ([PdCl(terpy)](sac)·2H(2)O) seems to represent a potentially active drug against non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, and further studies in vivo are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, Uludag University, 16059, Bursa, Turkey. eulukaya@uludag.edu.tr
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ulukaya
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ari
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dimas
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarimahmut
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guney
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakellaridis
authors.forename: Veysel T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000032:analysis; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009336:Necrosis; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010165:Palladium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D010165:Palladium; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002945:Cisplatin