title: IL-1β inhibits axonal growth of developing sympathetic neurons.
abstract: Several secreted proteins facilitate the growth and guidance of sympathetic axons to their target organs during development. Here we show that IL-1β, a key regulator of inflammation in the immune system, inhibits axonal growth and branching from cultured sympathetic neurons at a stage in development when their axons are ramifying within their targets in vivo. IL-1β is synthesised in sympathetic ganglia and its targets at this stage, and IL-1β protein is detectable in the axons and perikarya of the innervating neurons. It acts directly on developing axons to inhibit their growth via NF-κB signalling. These findings show that IL-1β is a novel locally, and target-derived factor that can regulate the extent of sympathetic axon growth during the late embryonic and early postnatal period in developing rat sympathetic neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: Aoife M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: Yvonne M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: Gerard W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: O'Keeffe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005728:Ganglia, Sympathetic / Q000166:cytology*; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053574:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I; D053574:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type II