title: On the efficiency of water soluble antioxidants.
abstract: The wide use of high intensity ultrasound (HIU) in modern medicine raises the question of bio-safety. It has been shown that the effect of HIU in biological media may have similarity to the effects of ionizing radiation. Exposure of biological media to HIU field may lead to cavitation phenomenon followed by formation of free radicals such as hydroxyl radical (OH(·)) and the super-oxide ion (O(2)(·-)). These are highly reactive species that may cause harmful effects and induce oxidative stress. In the present study we employed electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy together with spin traps to quantify the dynamics of hydroxyl radical formation during exposure to HIU field in the presence of different amounts of six antioxidants. Thus, the efficiency of water-soluble antioxidants, namely Allicin, Melatonin, Deoxyribose, Trolox, Nuphlutine and Hermidin, to suppress accumulation of OH radicals was examined. The results show that among the six, Trolox and Allicin reduce hydroxyl concentration with the highest efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
authors.forename: Paz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elia
authors.forename: Amnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azoulay
authors.forename: Yehuda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeiri
mesh_terms: D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry*; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D012995:Solubility; D013010:Sonication / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D014867:Water; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C017245:5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-1-oxide