title: HIV, HCV, and HBV co-infections in a rural area of Shanxi province with a history of commercial blood donation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unhygienic blood collection in the early 1990s led to blood-borne infections in Central China. This study aimed to estimate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection with hepatitis C and B viruses (HCV and HBV) and their risk factors in a rural area of Shanxi Province with a history of commercial blood donation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2004. All adult residents in the target area were invited to participate in the study. Face-to-face interviews were completed and blood specimens were tested for HIV, HCV, and HBV surface antigen (HBsAg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence rates of HIV, HCV, and HBsAg were 1.3% (40/3 062), 12.7% (389/3 062), and 3.5% (103/2982), respectively. Of the 40 HIV-positive specimens, 85% were HCV positive and 2.5% were HBsAg positive. The history of commercial blood donation was positively associated with HIV, HCV, and HIV/HCV co-infections, but was negatively associated with HBsAg seropositivity. Migration for employment in the last 5 years was positively related to HIV, HBsAg, and HIV/HCV co-infections. Univariate logistic analysis showed that illegal drug use, number of sex partners, extramarital sex behavior, commercial sex behavior, and condom use rate were not related to anti-HIV, anti-HCV, HBsAg seropositivity or their co-infections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The history of commercial blood donation was the main risk factor for HIV, HCV, and HIV/HCV co-infections in this former commercial blood donation area. HIV and HCV prevention and treatment interventions are important in this area.
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: RuiLing
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: XiaoChun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: WangQian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: HanZhu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: XiWen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: WenGe
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: ShengHan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: ZhengLai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001782:Blood Donors; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D055815:Young Adult