title: Ischemia-reperfusion histopathology alterations of the rabbit intestinal wall with and without ischemic preconditioning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the histopathology alterations of the intestinal mucosa of rabbits submitted to mesenteric artery ischemia and reperfusion with and without ischemic preconditioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of ten male New Zealand white rabbits body (weight 2.2-3.0, average 2.5 kg). For mesenteric ischemia induction in all animals the small bowel and mesentery were cut 30cm and 60cm far from the gastroduodenal pyloric transition before the proximal mesenteric artery occlusion. In the Group 1 animals, the proximal mesenteric artery was occluded for 45 min with an atraumatic vascular clamp, followed by reperfusion for 30 min. In the Group 2 the 45 min ischemic phase was preceded by three cycles of ischemia (2 minutes each) alternated with three cycles of reperfusion (2 minutes each). For istopathology study small bowel biopsies were obtained before ischemia (control), after 45 min of mesenteric ischemia and at 30 min. of mesenteric artery reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the Group I animals, the followings histopathology grade results were observed: t1, mean 2,8; t2, mean 3,3. Using the Kruskal-Wallis non-parameter test, differences between t0 and t1 and t0 and t2 were significants (p<0.05), but not significant between t1 and t2 (p>0.05). In the Group 2 animals histopathology grade results were: t1 mean 2,6 and t2, mean 2,1. Differences between t0 and t1, t0 and t2 were significant (p<0.05). It was not observed differences (p>0.05) between results of t1 in both groups but histopathology injury observed in Group 1 t2 biopsies were higher (p<0.05) than observed in the same period (t2) of Group 2 animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microscopic examination of the biopsies revealed significant evidence of preconditioning protection against small bowel wall ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, UFMG, Brazil. gomes@servcor.com
authors.forename: Otoni Moreira
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brasileiro Filho
authors.forename: Rodrigo Lolli Almeida
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.forename: Rafaela Ervilha
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Linhares
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Nazar
authors.forename: Luiz Alberto Bonjardim
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Porto
authors.forename: Rafael de Mattos
authors.initials: Rde M
authors.lastname: Paixão
authors.forename: Marcelo Heller
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Miranda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008297:Male; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome