title: Time-of-day effect on cardiac responses to progressive exercise.
abstract: This study was designed to examine time-of-day effects on markers of cardiac functional capacity during a standard progressive cycle exercise test. Fourteen healthy, untrained young males (mean ± SD: 17.9 ± 0.7 yrs of age) performed identical maximal cycle tests in the morning (08:00-11:00 h) and late afternoon (16:00-19:00 h) in random order. Cardiac variables were measured at rest, submaximal exercise, and maximal exercise by standard echocardiographic techniques. No differences in morning and afternoon testing values at rest or during exercise were observed for oxygen uptake, heart rate, cardiac output, or markers of systolic and diastolic myocardial function. Values at peak exercise for Vo(2) at morning and afternoon testing were 3.20 ± 0.49 and 3.24 ± 0.55 L min(-1), respectively, for heart rate 190 ± 11 and 188 ± 15 bpm, and for cardiac output 19.5 ± 2.8 and 19.8 ± 3.5 L min(-1). Coefficients of variation for morning and afternoon values for these variables were similar to those previously published for test-retest reproducibility. This study failed to demonstrate evidence for significant time-of-day variation in Vo(2)max or cardiac function during standard progressive exercise testing in adolescent males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. thomas.rowland@bhs.org
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: Viswanath
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Unnithan
authors.forename: Piers
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindley
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garrard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors