title: Pancreatic stone protein/regenerating protein family in pancreatic and gastrointestinal diseases.
abstract: Pancreatic stone protein (PSP; reported in 1979), pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP; 1984) and regenerating protein (Reg I; 1988) were discovered independently in the fields of the exocrine (pancreatitis) and endocrine (diabetes) pancreas. Subsequent analysis revealed that PSP and Reg I are identical and PAP belongs to the same protein family. PSP/Reg I and PAP share a selective and specific trypsin cleavage site and result in insoluble fibrils (PTP, PATP). Search for a functional role of PSP had led to the idea that it might serve as an inhibitor in pancreatic stone formation and PSP was renamed lithostathine. Inhibitory effects of lithostathine in stone formation have been questioned. Evidence so far obtained can support a lithogenic role rather than a lithostatic role of PSP. PAP and its isoforms have been investigated mainly regarding responses to inflammation and stress. Reg I and its isoforms have been examined on regeneration, growth and mitogenesis in gastrointestinal neoplastic diseases as well as diabetes. Evidence obtained can be applied in the prediction of prognosis and therapy for inflammatory and neoplastic diseases.
authors.affiliation: The First Clinical College of Norman Bethune Medical Division, Jilin University, China.
authors.forename: Chun Xiang
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Shigeru B H
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: Motoji
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002137:Calculi / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000628:therapy; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000502:physiology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism*; D051847:Lithostathine / Q000378:metabolism*; D008938:Mitosis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D011379:Prognosis; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D051847:Lithostathine; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; C497617:REG1A protein, human; C000612141:REG3A protein, human