title: Transcription profiling of acute temperature stress in the Antarctic plunderfish Harpagifer antarcticus.
abstract: Harpagifer antarcticus (the Antarctic plunderfish), a shallow-water benthic fish distributed around the Antarctic Peninsula, is a member of the notothenioid family, one of whose adaptations to the cold waters of Antarctica has been the loss of the classic heat shock response. In order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of temperature stress on H. antarcticus, we constructed a liver cDNA library and a 10,371 feature microarray. This was hybridized with material from a time course series of animals held at 6°C for 48h. The resulting expression profiles show that this fish displays the classical vertebrate acute inflammatory response. There was also a pronounced signal for increased energy requirements via up-regulation of genes involved in the β oxidation of fatty acids and also a strong signature of response to oxidative stress. Genes in the latter category did not include the "classic" antioxidants such as glutathione S-transferase, but genes involved in the production of reducing potential in the form of NADPH, peroxisome proliferation via peroxisomal acyl co-enzyme A oxidase 1 and genes known to be up-regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1). These identifications provide clear support for oxygen being the whole animal limiting factor at least in acute short-term temperature challenges. The classical heat shock proteins were not up-regulated during this trial, although numerous clones for each were present on the gene chip, confirming the lack of this response in this species. These data significantly increase our knowledge of the cellular stress response from animals in this unique environment.
authors.affiliation: British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: M A S
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Thorne
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: K P P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hillyard
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase; D000818:Animals; D000864:Antarctic Regions; D001483:Base Sequence; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D020131:Genes, Duplicate / Q000235:genetics; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010473:Perciformes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D006710:Homocysteine; D009249:NADP; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C107176:peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase