title: Environmental impact of sunscreen nanomaterials: ecotoxicity and genotoxicity of altered TiO2 nanocomposites on Vicia faba.
abstract: Mineral sunscreen nanocomposites, based on a nano-TiO(2) core, coated with aluminium hydroxide and dimethicone films, were submitted to an artificial ageing process. The resulting Altered TiO(2) Nanocomposites (ATN) were then tested in the liquid phase on the plant model Vicia faba, which was exposed 48 h to three nominal concentrations: 5, 25 and 50 mg ATN/L. Plant growth, photosystem II maximum quantum yield, genotoxicity (micronucleus test) and phytochelatins levels showed no change compared to controls. Oxidative stress biomarkers remained unchanged in shoots while in roots, glutathione reductase activity decreased at 50 mg ATN/L and ascorbate peroxidase activity decreased for 5 and 25 mg ATN/L. Nevertheless, despite the weak response of biological endpoints, ICP-MS measurements revealed high Ti and Al concentrations in roots, and X-ray fluorescence micro-spectroscopy revealed titanium internalization in superficial root tissues. Eventual long-term effects on plants may occur.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Interactions Ecotoxicologie, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes, Université Paul Verlaine-Metz, CNRS UMR 7146, Campus Bridoux, Avenue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France. as.foltete@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Foltête
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Masfaraud
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bigorgne
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nahmani
authors.forename: Perrine
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaurand
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Botta
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Labille
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Férard
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cotelle
mesh_terms: D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014025:Titanium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D031307:Vicia faba / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009153:Mutagens; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C009495:titanium dioxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D014025:Titanium; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase