title: Hippocampal and ventricular changes in Parkinson's disease mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: We analyzed T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging data of 100 cognitively normal elderly controls (NC), 127 cognitively normal Parkinson's disease (PD; PDCN) and 31 PD-associated mild cognitive impairment (PDMCI) subjects from the Norwegian ParkWest study. Using automated segmentation methods, followed by the radial distance technique and multiple linear regression we studied the effect of clinical diagnosis on hippocampal and ventricular radial distance while adjusting for age, education, and scanning site. PDCN subjects had significantly smaller bilateral hippocampal radial distance relative to NC. Nonamnestic PDMCI subjects showed smaller right hippocampal radial distance relative to NC. PDMCI subjects showed significant enlargement of all portions of the lateral ventricles relative to NC and significantly larger bilateral temporal and occipital and left frontal lateral ventricular expansion relative to PDCN subjects. Nonamnestic PDMCI subjects showed significant ventricular enlargement spanning all parts of the lateral ventricle while those with amnestic PDMCI showed changes localized to the left occipital horn. Hippocampal atrophy and lateral ventricular enlargement show promise as structural biomarkers for PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. lapostolova@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Liana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Apostolova
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Kristy S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Sona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Babakchanian
authors.forename: Kolbjorn S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bronnick
authors.forename: Jan Petter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Yi-Yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Ole B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Tysnes
authors.forename: Hege K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Vefring
authors.forename: Mona K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Beyer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009664:Norway; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric