title: In vivo biochemistry: quantifying ion and metabolite levels in individual cells or cultures of yeast.
abstract: Over the past decade, we have learned that cellular processes, including signalling and metabolism, are highly compartmentalized, and that relevant changes in metabolic state can occur at sub-second timescales. Moreover, we have learned that individual cells in populations, or as part of a tissue, exist in different states. If we want to understand metabolic processes and signalling better, it will be necessary to measure biochemical and biophysical responses of individual cells with high temporal and spatial resolution. Fluorescence imaging has revolutionized all aspects of biology since it has the potential to provide information on the cellular and subcellular distribution of ions and metabolites with sub-second time resolution. In the present review we summarize recent progress in quantifying ions and metabolites in populations of yeast cells as well as in individual yeast cells with the help of quantitative fluorescent indicators, namely FRET metabolite sensors. We discuss the opportunities and potential pitfalls and the controls that help preclude misinterpretation.
authors.affiliation: Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Plant Biology, 260 Panama St., Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bermejo
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ewald
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lanquar
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Wolf B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Frommer
mesh_terms: D001671:Biochemistry; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena; D007477:Ions / Q000378:metabolism*; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D007477:Ions