title: Chance fractures in the pediatric population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The pediatric Chance fracture (PCF) is an uncommon injury, but it has been increasingly reported. Knowledge is limited to few case reports and short series. To understand the various aspects of this injury, the authors reviewed the current literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted using the PubMed and Ovid online databases and relevant key words. All articles that were in English and provided information regarding PCF as a sole or part of the objective were retrieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-three articles were found to fulfill the inclusion criteria. Relevant information about PCF collected from these articles included: 1) mode of trauma, 2) associated injuries, 3) radiological classification, and 4) treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chance fractures in children are potentially devastating injuries largely caused by motor vehicle collisions, and these fractures may be more common than previously thought. Concomitant intraabdominal injuries are common and should be suspected, particularly when a seat belt sign is observed. Blunt abdominal aortic injuries are rarely associated, but should be evaluated for and treated appropriately. Magnetic resonance imaging is best for defining ligamentous injury, which aids in defining the pattern of injury, facilitating appropriate treatment regimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Tien V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Ali A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Baaj
authors.forename: Armen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deukmedjian
authors.forename: Juan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.forename: Fernando L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Vale
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D012622:Seat Belts / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*