title: The 2011 Canadian Hypertension Education Program recommendations for the management of hypertension: blood pressure measurement, diagnosis, assessment of risk, and therapy.
abstract: We updated the evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis, assessment, prevention, and treatment of hypertension in adults for 2011. The major guideline changes this year are: (1) a recommendation was made for using comparative risk analogies when communicating a patient's cardiovascular risk; (2) diagnostic testing issues for renal artery stenosis were discussed; (3) recommendations were added for the management of hypertension during the acute phase of stroke; (4) people with hypertension and diabetes are now considered high risk for cardiovascular events if they have elevated urinary albumin excretion, overt kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, or the presence of other cardiovascular risk factors; (5) the combination of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB) is preferred over the combination of an ACE inhibitor and a thiazide diuretic in persons with diabetes and hypertension; and (6) a recommendation was made to coordinate with pharmacists to improve antihypertensive medication adherence. We also discussed the recent analyses that examined the association between angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. doreen.rabi@albertahealthservices.ca
authors.forename: Doreen M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rabi
authors.forename: Stella S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Daskalopoulou
authors.forename: Raj S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Padwal
authors.forename: Nadia A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hackam
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Donald W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Brenda R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hemmelgarn
authors.forename: Lyne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cloutier
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bolli
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Penner
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lamarre-Cliché
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: Ernesto L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Schiffrin
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Honos
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milot
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chockalingam
authors.forename: Simon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Rabkin
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dawes
authors.forename: Rhian M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Touyz
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruzicka
authors.forename: Norman R C
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vallée
authors.forename: G V Ramesh
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lebel
authors.forename: Tavis S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: M Patrice
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Larochelle
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: J Malcolm O
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Gordon W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Moe
authors.forename: Jonathan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Howlett
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trudeau
authors.forename: Simon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bacon
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Petrella
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lewanczuk
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drouin
authors.forename: Jean-Martin
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Boulanger
authors.forename: Mukul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hamet
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fodor
authors.forename: George K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Dresser
authors.forename: S George
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Carruthers
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pylypchuk
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Lawrence A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Leiter
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Richard I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Ogilvie
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Philip A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McFarlane
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hegele
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.forename: Sheldon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Tobe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D002170:Canada; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents