title: Evidence-based medicine in surgery: the importance of both experimental and observational study designs.
authors.forename: Ryan P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Merkow
authors.forename: Clifford Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Ko
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D013502:General Surgery / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D019370:Observation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012107:Research Design; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000592:standards