title: Relationship of CA 19-9 with choledocholithiasis and cholangitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is well known that increased concentrations of CA 19-9 can be found in benign disease of the liver, pancreas and biliary tract, especially in cases with gallstone disease with cholangitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation of CA 19-9 with the number and size of the stones, cholangitis and biliary obstruction in patients with choledocholithiasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy patients with radiologically proven choledocholithiasis were studied. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, sphincterotomy and stone extraction were applied to all patients. In each case, the parameters recorded included the levels of CA 19-9 and other laboratory tests before and after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and the results of imaging techniques and immunoserologic tests. The correlations of these parameters were determined by SPSS 17 package program for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevation of CA 19-9 was found in 32 patients (46%), while 8 patients (11%) had extraordinarily high levels (>1000 U/ml). CA 19-9 levels were correlated with serum alkaline phosphatase (r=0.5, p<0.01), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (r=0.5, p<0.01) and bilirubin (r=0.4, p<0.01) levels but not with aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase levels. There was also no association between serum CA 19-9 levels and the number and size of stones. Six patients had cholangitis. CA 19-9 levels were found higher in patients with cholangitis than others (100% vs. 41%, p<0.01) as well as alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and bilirubin levels. After stone extraction, CA 19-9 levels started to decrease and reached normal values 1-28 days later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, CA 19-9 levels are associated with biliary obstruction and cholangitis but not with the number and size of stones in patients with choledocholithiasis.
authors.affiliation: Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Adana, Turkey. ubdogan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ümit Bilge
authors.initials: ÜB
authors.lastname: Doğan
authors.forename: Yüksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gümürdülü
authors.forename: Necmettin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gölge
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D042883:Choledocholithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001663:Bilirubin