title: Flow cytometric analysis of de novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood: report from the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group.
abstract: Although the antigen expression patterns of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are well known, little attention has been given to standardizing the diagnostic and classification criteria. We retrospectively analyzed the flow cytometric data from a large study of antigen expression in 1,774 children with newly diagnosed ALL in JPLSG. T- and B-lineage ALL accounted for 13 and 87% of childhood ALL cases, respectively. Cytoplasmic CD3 and CD7 antigens were positive in all T-ALL cases. More than 80% of T-ALL cases expressed CD2, CD5 and TdT. In B-lineage ALL, the frequencies of early pre-B, pre-B, transitional pre-B and B-ALL were 81, 15.5, 0.6 and 2.9%, respectively. More than 90% of early pre-B ALL cases expressed CD19, CD79a, CD22, CD10 and TdT. CD34 was expressed in three-fourths of early pre-B ALL cases. The frequencies of TdT and CD34 expression were lower in pre-B ALL than in early pre-B ALL. B-ALL showed less frequent expression of CD22, CD10, CD34 and TdT than other B-lineage ALL cases. Expression of CD13 and CD33, aberrant myeloid antigens, was significantly more frequently associated with B-lineage ALL than with T-ALL. Based on this retrospective study of antigen expression in 1,774 de novo childhood ALL cases in JPLSG, we propose standardized clinical guidelines for the immunophenotypic criteria for diagnosis and classification of pediatric ALL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan. siwamoto@clin.medic.mie-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Shotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kiyokawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsurusawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.affiliation: Division of Research Development, Department of Health Science Policies, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takase
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Saitama Children's Medical Center, Saitama, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horibe
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007223:Infant; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013601:T-Lymphocytes
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm