title: Regulation of β-amyloid level in the brain of rats with cerebrovascular hypoperfusion.
abstract: Cerebrovascular hypoperfusion occurs prior to clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and represents the most accurate indicator predicting whether an individual develops AD in a future time. In order to explore the contribution of cerebrovascular hypoperfusion to AD, cerebrovascular hypoperfusion induced by bilateral carotid occlusion surgery in adult rats was used to investigate its impacts on spatial memory, amyloid-β protein (Aβ) production and clearance in the brain. The progressive spatial memory deficits were observed through Morris water maze test of the rats with cerebrovascular hypoperfusion induced by occlusion surgery. The memory deficits were accompanied with the increase of brain Aβ associated with Aβ overproduction due to the increased expression of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and enhanced activities of amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzymes such as β- and γ-secretases. Western blot and immunohistochemisty studies further revealed that cerebrovascular hypoperfusion could induce abnormal expression of β-amyloid receptor proteins including the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1), and result in a shift of immunoreactivity between neurons and vasculatures. Taken together, our results suggested that chronic cerebrovascular hypoperfusion could cause memory impairment and Aβ accumulation in brain associated with increased generation and impaired clearance of Aβ. Cerebrovascular hypoperfusion plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Anfeng
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Xiaojuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guozhen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / Q000378:metabolism; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases