title: The therapeutic use of vaptans for the treatment of dilutional hyponatremia.
abstract: Hyponatremia is a very common electrolyte abnormality. Dilutional hyponatremia is very difficult to treat effectively due to the complications of conventional treatment. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) plays an integral role in circulatory and water homeostasis. AVP is a hormone released in response to increases in plasma tonicity or decreases in plasma volume in an attempt to maintain the plasma osmolality between 284 and 295 mOsm/L. AVP receptor antagonists or "vaptans" are a new class of drugs that allow for the safe and efficacious treatment of dilutional hyponatremia. Conivaptan, a mixed V1a/V2 receptor antagonist, and tolvaptan, a selective V2 receptor antagonist, are the only 2 vaptans approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, Jamaica, NY, USA. cassagnm@stjohns.edu
authors.forename: Manouchkathe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cassagnol
authors.forename: Angela O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Shogbon
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saad
mesh_terms: D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077602:Tolvaptan; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin; C106389:conivaptan; D000077602:Tolvaptan