title: Outcome and predictors of treatment failure in total hip/knee prosthetic joint infections due to Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Variables associated with the outcome of patients treated for prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) due to Staphylococcus aureus are not well known.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of patients treated surgically for total hip or knee prosthesis infection due to S. aureus were reviewed. Remission was defined by the absence of local or systemic signs of implant-related infection assessed during the most recent contact with the patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a mean posttreatment follow-up period of 43.6 ± 32.1 months, 77 (78.6%) of 98 patients were in remission. Retention of the infected implants was not associated with a worse outcome than was their removal. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA)-related PJIs were not associated with worse outcome, compared with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA)-related PJIs. Pathogens identified during revision for failure exhibited no acquired resistance to antibiotics used as definitive therapy, in particular rifampin. In univariate analysis, parameters that differed between patients whose treatment did or did not fail were: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, prescription of adequate empirical postsurgical antibiotic therapy, and use of rifampin combination therapy upon discharge from hospital. In multivariate analysis, ASA score ≤2 (odds ratio [OR], 6.87 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.45-32.45]; P = .04) and rifampin-fluoroquinolone combination therapy (OR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.17-0.97]; P = .01) were 2 independent variables associated with remission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study suggest that the ASA score significantly affects the outcome of patients treated for total hip and knee prosthetic infections due to MSSA or MRSA and that rifampin combination therapy is associated with a better outcome for these patients when compared with other antibiotic regimens.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Référence des Infections Ostéo-Articulaires Nord-Ouest, Roger Salengro Faculty Hospital of Lille, Lille, France. esenneville@ch-tourcoing.fr
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Senneville
authors.forename: Donatienne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Joulie
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Legout
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valette
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dezèque
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beltrand
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roselé
authors.forename: Thibaud
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: d'Escrivan
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loïez
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caillaux
authors.forename: Yazdan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yazdanpanah
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maynou
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Migaud
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007720:Knee Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012293:Rifampin