title: Clinical experience with a reverse-flow anterolateral thigh perforator flap for the reconstruction of soft-tissue defects of the knee and proximal lower leg.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Soft-tissue defects in the knee region are usually complex and require adequate reconstruction with flaps. The aim of this article is to present the authors' experience using the reverse-flow anterolateral thigh perforator flap for the reconstruction of a variety of soft-tissue defects around the knee including the upper third of the leg.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 17 reverse-flow anterolateral thigh perforator flaps were used for reconstruction of soft-tissue defects around the knee and the upper third of the leg between December 2006 and December 2010. The ages of patients ranged from 26 to 82 years (mean, 64.3). Defect sizes ranged from 6×8 to 10×14 cm. The application of the reverse-flow anterolateral thigh perforator flaps in relation to the variable arterial anatomy was described.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dimensions of the largest flap used for reconstruction were 10×16 cm. The perforators were musculocutaneous in 14 patients and septocutaneous in three patients. The maximal pedicle length was 28 cm. All of the flaps survived. Only two flaps developed partial skin necrosis at the distal end. Good aesthetic and functional results with adequate range of motion were achieved in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite a variable vascular anatomy that can be challenging for the surgeon, reverse-flow anterolateral thigh perforator flap is a safe and reliable method for reconstruction of the defects around the knee and even the upper third of the leg.
authors.affiliation: Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Konutkent-2 Sitesi B6-C Block No: 4, 06810 Cayyolu, Ankara, Turkey. medemirseren@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M Erol
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Demirseren
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Efendioglu
authors.forename: C Ozerk
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Demiralp
authors.forename: Kasim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kilicarslan
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akkaya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply; D013848:Thigh; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000150:complications