title: Abnormalities in body composition and nutritional status in HIV-infected children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: This cross-sectional study aimed to compare growth, nutritional status and body composition outcomes between a group of 94 HIV-infected children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 364 healthy controls, and to evaluate their association with clinical and lifestyle variables within the HIV-infected group. When compared with the control group, HIV patients had higher risk of stunting (odds ratio [OR] 5.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.83-10.04) and thinness (OR 4.7, 95% CI: 2.44-9.06), higher waist-to-hip ratios (medians 0.89 versus 0.82 for boys and 0.90 versus 0.77 for girls, P < 0.001), and lower prevalence of overweight or obesity (OR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14-0.78). Protease inhibitor usage was associated with thinness (OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.07-11.44) and lipoatrophy (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.37-8.95). HIV-infected children on ART showed significant nutritional status and body composition abnormalities, consistent with the severity of vertical HIV infection and the consequences of prolonged ART.
authors.affiliation: Center for Investigation in Pediatrics and Graduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, State University of Campinas Faculty of Medical Sciences, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: L C de Barros
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ramalho
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: W R G
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guerra-Junior
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Centeville
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Morcillo
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: dos Santos Vilela
authors.forename: M T N
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: da Silva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001823:Body Composition; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009752:Nutritional Status; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents