title: [Risk factors for Clostridium difficile infections in hospitalized patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors, and to estimate the crude effects attributable to hospital acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study matched by age, gender, and admission date. Patient and healthcare risk factors were evaluated. Hospital stays and mortality were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight cases and 76 controls were included (mean age 73 years). Cases presented worse Charlson index (P .02), higher pre-infection stay (median 10 vs. 5.5 days) and had received antibiotic treatment more frequently (89.5 vs. 40.7%) than their control counterparts. Albuminemia < 3.5 gr/dL (OR 7.1; 1.4-37), having received cephalosporins (OR 10.1; 1.8-55.1), quinolones (OR 9.4; 1.1-41.1), or proton pump inhibitors (OR 6.6; 1.1-41.1) were associated with an independent higher risk of CDI. Total hospital stay (31 vs. 5.5 days), as well as crude mortality, was higher for cases than for control patients (31.6 vs. 6.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Receiving cephalosporins, quinolones and proton pump inhibitors, as well as hyponutrition, increase the risk of CDI. CDI is associated with relevant crude effects on mortality and excess of stay.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, España.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Monge
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morosini
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Millán
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez Canosa
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manso
authors.forename: María Fernanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Guzman
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asensio
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents