title: The biological occurrence and trafficking of cobalt.
abstract: Cobalt is an essential trace element in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Nevertheless, it occurs less frequently in metalloproteins than other transition metals. This low occurrence appears to be due to the metal's low abundance in nature as well as its competition with iron, whose biologically critical functions include respiration and photosynthesis. In this review, we discuss the biological role of cobalt, the major effects of cobalt on iron utilization, as well as several mechanisms that cells have developed to circumvent the toxicity of cobalt while still exploiting its chemistry.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia - Microbiology and Immunology, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Sachi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Lindsay D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Eltis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D003035:Cobalt / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular
chemical_list: D008667:Metalloproteins; D003035:Cobalt; D007501:Iron