title: The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
abstract: Macroautophagy is mediated by a unique organelle, the autophagosome, which encloses a portion of cytoplasm for delivery to the lysosome. Autophagosome formation is dynamically regulated by starvation and other stresses and involves complicated membrane reorganization. Since the discovery of yeast Atg-related proteins, autophagosome formation has been dissected at the molecular level. In this review we describe the molecular mechanism of autophagosome formation with particular focus on the function of Atg proteins and the long-standing discussion regarding the origin of the autophagosome membrane.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. nmizu.phy2@tmd.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizushima
authors.forename: Tamotsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimori
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohsumi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015003:Yeasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases