title: Inflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, insulin resistance and metabolic control after periodontal intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of periodontal intervention on inflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic control and to investigate the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and moderately poor glycemic control and chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 190 moderately poorly controlled (HbA1c between 7.5% and 9.5%) T2DM patients with periodontitis were randomly divided into two groups according to whether they underwent periodontal intervention: T2DM-NT and T2DM-T group. The levels of serum adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), lipid profile, glucose, insulin, homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) were measured at baseline and after 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of clinical periodontal variables, the probing depth, attachment loss, bleeding index, and plaque index were improved significantly in T2DM-T group after 3 months compared to T2DM-NT group (all p<0.01). After 3 months, the serum levels of hsCRP, TNF-α, IL-6, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FINS) and HOMA-IR index decreased, and adiponectin was significantly increased in T2DM-T group compared to those in the T2DM-NT group (p<0.05 or p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periodontal intervention can improve glycemic control, lipid profile and IR, reduce serum inflammatory cytokine levels and increase serum adiponectin levels in moderately poorly controlled T2DM patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Lian
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Su-Zhan
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yue-Zhong
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Guang-Ming
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D016207:Cytokines; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008055:Lipids; C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human