title: Insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome for children: a genetic association study and meta-analysis.
abstract: An assessment of the association of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) risk in children is still controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the relation between ACE gene polymorphisms and SRNS susceptibility. The relevant studies were screened from electronic database and eligible investigations were synthesized using meta-analysis methods. Seven investigations were identified for the analysis of association between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and SRNS risk in children, including five in Asians, one in Caucasians, and one in Africans. There was not a markedly positive association between D allele or DD genotype and SRNS susceptibility in Asians (OR = 1.60, p = 0.26; OR = 1.90, p = 0.38) and for Caucasian population (OR = 0.92, p = 0.86; OR = 0.27, p = 0.22). However, an association of D allele with SRNS susceptibility was observed (OR = 4.67, p = 0.003) in Africans, but not for DD genotype (OR = 6.00, p = 0.05). Interestingly, II genotype seemed to play a positive role against SRNS onset for Asians and African children (OR = 0.51, p = 0.02; OR = 0.07, p = 0.02), but not for Caucasians (OR = 0.33, p = 0.30). In conclusion, our results indicate that D allele or DD homozygous might not be a significant genetic molecular marker for the development of SRNS in Asians and Caucasian children. However, D allele seemed be associated with SRNS risk for Africans but DD genotype did not.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangXi Medical University, NanNing, China. 126tianbiao@126.com
authors.forename: Tian-Biao
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yuan-Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Feng-Ying
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Wei-Fang
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yan-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yu-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004351:Drug Resistance; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A