title: Anxiety, depression, traumatic stress and quality of life in colorectal cancer after different treatments: A study with Portuguese patients and their partners.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examines the impact of different modes of treatment on depression, anxiety, traumatic stress and quality of life in colorectal cancer patients and their partners.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample was comprised of 114 oncology patients and 67 partners. All patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Participants were recruited from an Oncology Hospital in the North of Portugal and had been submitted to three modes of treatment: surgery, surgery plus chemotherapy or surgery followed by radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that patients who received only surgery, as treatment, had lower levels of depression, anxiety and traumatic stress symptoms when compared with patients who received surgery and chemotherapy or surgery plus radiotherapy. Partners of surgical patients presented lower levels of state anxiety and traumatic stress symptoms when compared with the other two groups. Patients with more depression had partners also more depressed. No relationship was found between anxiety and traumatic stress symptoms in patients and partners. Patients who received a diagnosis longer than 12 months had more traumatic stress, intrusion and hypervigilance. Patients with illness recurrence showed more traumatic symptoms. Anxiety and depression were the main predictors of patient's quality of life. Traumatic stress was a predictor of symptom distress - pain/bowel pattern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights the importance of providing psychological interventions for cancer patients and their partners. Chemotherapy patients and those diagnosed over a year, as well as their partners, are more at risk.
authors.affiliation: University of Minho, School of Psychology, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. gracep@psi.uminho.pt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graça Pereira
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Frank D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Fincham
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011174:Portugal; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires