title: [Analysis of pandemic influenza in Russia as a part of the global process based on data of an influenza monitoring reference center].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Characterization of features of influenza pandemic development in Russia in relation to global process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pandemic monitoring was performed by using results of integrative analysis of laboratory diagnostic and population morbidity data from 49 supporting bases of Federal center of influenza from various cities in Russian Federation. Isolation of influenza virus was carried out in MDCK cells and chicken embryos under BSL-3 conditions. Reference virus A/California/07/09 obtained from CDC (Atlanta, USA) and antisera against this strain contained in WHO kit were used for antigenic analysis; rat antisera, new monoclonal antibodies against pandemic influenza virus developed by Research institute of influenza were also used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on PCR monitoring during epidemic peak, rate of pandemic influenza identification reached 45-49% of examined patients. About 53% of lethal cases of respiratory infections were caused by pandemic influenza virus, while predominately young people died from pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Russian isolates generally were antigenically and genetically similar to the parent pandemic strain--influenza virusA/California/07/09, but contained S203T substitution in hemagglutinin. A number of strains contained D222G mutation that is responsible for the expansion of substrate specificity, as well as strain specific substitutions in hemagglutinin and neuraminidase molecules. The investigated isolates were resistant to remantadin, but sensitive to oseltamivir.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the formation of population immunity after the end of the first pandemic wave new drift variants of the virus capable of overcoming this formed immunity should be expected that apparently will require the correction of vaccine composition for the 2011 - 2012 season.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Solomina
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Grudinin
authors.forename: M Iu
authors.initials: MIu
authors.lastname: Eropkin
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Karpova
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pisareva
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Komissarov
authors.forename: N I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Konovalova
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Gudkova
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Danilenko
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Smorodintseva
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Voĭtsekhovskaia
authors.forename: O I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Kiselev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002460:Cell Line; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology*; D058873:Pandemics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051381:Rats; D012015:Reference Standards; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral