title: Complete genome sequence of virulent duck enteritis virus (DEV) strain 2085 and comparison with genome sequences of virulent and attenuated DEV strains.
abstract: We here report the complete genome sequence of the duck enteritis virus (DEV) wild-type strain 2085, an avian herpesvirus (GenBank ID: JF999965). The nucleotide sequence was derived from the 2085 genome cloned as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone. The DEV 2085 genome is 160,649-bp in length and encodes 78 predicted open reading frames (ORFs), a number identical to that identified for the attenuated DEV VAC strain (GenBank ID: EU082088.2). Comparison of the genome sequences DEV 2085 and VAC with partial sequences of the virulent CHv strain and the attenuated strain Clone-03 was carried out to identify nucleotide or amino acid polymorphisms that potentially contribute to DEV virulence. No amino acid changes were identified in 24 of the 78 ORFs, a result indicating high conservation in DEV independently of strain origin or virulence. In addition, 39 ORFs contain non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions, while 15 ORFs had nucleotide insertions or deletions, frame-shift mutations and/or non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions with an effect on ORF initiation or termination. In 7 of the 15 ORFs with high and 27 of the 39 ORFs with low variability, polymorphisms were exclusively found in DEV 2085, a finding that likely is a result of a different origin of 2085 (Europe) or VAC, Clone-03 and CHv (Eastern Asia). Five ORFs (UL2, UL12, US10, UL47 and UL41) with polymorphisms were identical between the virulent DEV 2085 and CHv but different from VAC or Clone-03. They, individually or in combination, may therefore represent DEV virulence factors. Our comparative analysis of four DEV sequences provides a comprehensive overview of DEV genome structure and identifies ORFs that are changed during serial virus passage.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Virologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Philippstrasse 13, Haus 18, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jichun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Höper
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beer
authors.forename: Nikolaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osterrieder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D004372:Ducks; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005858:Germany; D025922:Mardivirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral