title: Ecological study for refrigerator use, salt, vegetable, and fruit intakes, and gastric cancer.
abstract: We used an ecological approach to determine the correlation between vegetable, fruit and salt intakes, refrigerator use, and gastric cancer mortality in Korean population. Information on fruit and vegetable intakes per capita from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, death certificate data from the National Statistical office, refrigerator per household data from Korean Statistical Information Service, and salt/sodium intake data from a cross-sectional survey were utilized. Correlation coefficients were calculated between vegetable and fruit intakes, refrigerator per household, and gastric cancer mortality and between salt and sodium intakes, and gastric cancer mortality and incidence in the four areas. With 5, 10, and 15 years lag time, refrigerator usage and fruit intake were negatively associated with gastric cancer mortality (p < 0.01), but vegetable intake was not associated with gastric cancer mortality. When estimates of salt/sodium intake evaluated by 24-h urine collection in four areas of Korea were compared to the gastric cancer mortality and incidence in these regions, positive correlation was shown between salt/sodium intake, and gastric cancer incidence and mortality. Negative associations between refrigerator use, fruit intake, and gastric cancer mortality and positive associations between salt/sodium intake and gastric cancer mortality and incidence were suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehangno, Chongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Boyoung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Aesun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Sue K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kwang-Pil
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Seung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Eun-Ha
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gwack
authors.forename: En-Joo
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Lisa Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jae Jeong
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Keun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012034:Refrigeration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary