title: Percutaneous closure of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a rare but serious complication from myocardial infarction and cardiac surgery. Although standard treatment is surgical intervention, percutaneous closure of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm has become an option for high-risk surgical candidates. Experience with percutaneous treatment is limited to a few single case reports. This is the first series of percutaneous treatment of the left ventricular pseudoaneurysms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This is a retrospective analysis of 9 procedures of percutaneous repair of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm in 7 consecutive patients (ages 51 to 83 years, 6 men) completed in our Structural Heart Disease center from June 2008 to December 2010. All patients were considered as a high risk for surgery because of multiple comorbidities. Multiple imaging modalities were used before, during, and after the procedures to improve success and efficacy. The left ventricular pseudoaneurysms of all 7 patients were successfully repaired. Fluoroscopy time on average was 36.5±24.0 minutes (range, 12.4 to 75.7 minutes). All patients were followed up for a period ranging from 3 to 32 months after the procedure. Each patient improved by at least 1 New York Heart Association functional class, and 4 patients improved by 2 classes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transcatheter closure of the left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a feasible alternative for high-risk surgical candidates. The use of multiple imaging modalities is required for a detail planning and execution of the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute of New York, 130 East 77th St., New York, NY 10021-10075, USA.
authors.forename: Yuriy
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dudiy
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jelnin
authors.forename: Bryce N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Einhorn
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kronzon
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Ruiz
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D058106:Wound Closure Techniques