title: Polycomb group proteins: repression in 3D.
abstract: Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are well-conserved chromatin factors that repress the transcription of their target genes. They bind to the genome at specific sites and act on chromatin through the regulation of both post-translational histone modifications and higher-order chromatin structure. Recent work has revealed that PcG-bound regulatory regions can interact with promoters and modulate their activity via mechanisms involving looping between regulatory elements and also long-distance interactions in cis or in trans (on different chromosomes). This indicates that the 3D organization of PcG proteins contributes significantly to their function. Moreover, because long-range chromosomal contacts have been shown to involve many genomic loci in addition to Polycomb target genes, their regulatory impact could extend beyond the function of Polycomb proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique Humaine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Propre de Recherche 1142, 141, rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France. Frederic.Bantignies@igh.cnrs.fr
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bantignies
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cavalli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015536:Down-Regulation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins