title: Dietary glycemic index and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men.
abstract: This cohort study investigated the association between dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged Japanese men, and the effect of insulin resistance and pancreatic B-cell function on the association. Participants were 1995 male employees of a metal products factory in Japan. Dietary GI and GL were assessed using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. The incidence of diabetes was detected in annual medical examinations over a 6-year period. The association between GI, GL, and the incidence of diabetes was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models. During the study, 133 participants developed diabetes. Age- and body mass index-adjusted hazard ratios across the GI quintiles were 1.00 (reference), 1.62, 1.50, 1.68, and 1.80; and those of GL were 1.00 (reference), 1.07, 1.48, 0.95, and 0.98. The hazard ratio for the highest GI quintile was significantly greater than that for the lowest quintile. The influence of GI was more pronounced in the lowest insulin resistance subgroups. GI and pancreatic B-cell function were independently associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus; participants with low B-cell function and the highest tertile of GI had the highest risk of diabetes. Dietary GI is associated with the incidence of diabetes in middle-aged Japanese men. GI and B-cell function were independently associated with incidence of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan. m-sakura@kanazawa-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Koshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Toshinari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.forename: Katsushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshita
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Yuchi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suwazono
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates