title: In situ transmission electron microscopy of solid-liquid phase transition of silica encapsulated bismuth nanoparticles.
abstract: The solid-liquid phase transition of silica encapsulated bismuth nanoparticles was studied by in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The nanoparticles were prepared by a two-step chemical synthesis process involving thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors for nucleating bismuth and a sol-gel process for growing silica. The microstructural and chemical analyses of the nanoparticles were performed using high-resolution TEM, Z-contrast imaging, focused ion beam milling, and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. Solid-liquid-solid phase transitions of the nanoparticles were directly recorded by electron diffractions and TEM images. The silica encapsulation of the nanoparticles prevented agglomeration and allowed particles to preserve their original volume upon melting, which is desirable for applications of phase change nanoparticles with consistently repeatable thermal properties.
authors.affiliation: University of Dayton Research Institute, Dayton, Ohio 45469, USA. Jianjun.Hu@WPAFB.AF.MIL
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muratore
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Andrey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Voevodin
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D044367:Phase Transition; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D001729:Bismuth