title: Magnetic studies of multiferroic Bi(1-x)Sm(x)FeO(3) ceramics synthesized by mechanical activation assisted processes.
abstract: Bi(1-x)Sm(x)FeO(3) (x = 0.0-0.2) ceramic samples were prepared by mechanical activation assisted solid-state-reaction synthesis. A stoichiometric mixture of Bi(2)O(3), Sm(2)O(3), and Fe(2)O(3) powders was mechanically milled and this was followed by heat treatment at 700 °C for 1 h. Room temperature x-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of perovskite structured Bi(1-x)Sm(x)FeO(3) phase. Vibrating sample magnetometry measurements showed that to a certain extent, Sm doping of BiFeO(3) leads to increased magnetization and a sharp magnetic transition at ∼380 °C. Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed the presence of single-phase material for the doped compositions whereas electron paramagnetic resonance analysis showed the effect of doping on the variation in the degree of canting in the samples. At doping levels of 10 at.% Sm, the improvement in the magnetic behaviour appears to arise from a combination of the propensity of the samples to form pure phase material, partial destruction of spin cycloids, increased canting of spins and interaction between magnetic ions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
authors.forename: Deepam
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maurya
authors.forename: Harikishan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thota
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Brajesh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Prem
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chand
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Verma