title: Comparison of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes in male factor infertility patients with and without spinal cord injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if outcomes after in vitro fertilization with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) using sperm from men with spinal cord injury (SCI group) differ from those of other etiologies of male factor infertility (non-SCI group). In men with SCI, to determine if IVF/ICSI outcomes differ with sperm obtained by penile vibratory stimulation (PVS group) versus electroejaculation (EEJ group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center and major infertility center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Couples with male factor infertility due to SCI versus other etiologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  PVS, EEJ, surgical sperm retrieval, and IVF/ICSI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rates of fertilization, pregnancy, and live birth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 31 couples in the SCI group underwent 48 cycles of IVF/ICSI, and a total of 297 couples in the non-SCI group underwent 443 cycles of IVF/ICSI. The SCI group had lower fertilization rates but similar pregnancy and live birth rates compared with the non-SCI group. These rates, however, did not differ significantly when the PVS group was compared with the EEJ group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IVF/ICSI of sperm from men with SCI yield lower fertilization rates but similar pregnancy and live birth outcomes as IVF/ICSI of sperm from men with other etiologies of male factor infertility. Sperm collected by PVS versus EEJ in men with SCI appear to result in similar IVF/ICSI success rates.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. anu.kathiresan@gmail.com
authors.forename: Anupama S Q
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kathiresan
authors.forename: Emad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Teodoro C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Aballa
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Attia
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ory
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Wayne S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Maxson
authors.forename: Marcelo J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Barrionuevo
authors.forename: Charles M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lynne
authors.forename: Nancy L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Brackett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004542:Ejaculation / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012661:Semen / Q000166:cytology; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D014732:Vibration / Q000627:therapeutic use*