title: [Problems of using a thermocouple for measurements of skin temperature rise during the exposure to millimeter waves].
abstract: The possibility of using thermocouples for the artifact-free measurements of skin temperature during millimeter wave exposure was studied. The distributions of the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the human skin were calculated for different orientations of the thermocouple relative to the E-field of exposure. It was shown that, at the parallel orientation of a thermocouple relative to the E-field, SAR significantly increased at the tip of the thermocouple. This can result in an overheating of the thermocouple. At the perpendicular orientation of a thermocouple, the distortions of the SAR were insignificant. The data obtained confirm that the skin temperature can be measured with a thermocouple during exposure under the condition that the thermocouple is located perpendicular to the E-vector of the electromagnetic field. For the accurate determination of SAR from the rate of the initial temperature rise, it is necessary to fit the temperature kinetics measured with the thermocouple to the solution of the bio-heat transfer equation.
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Alekseev
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ziskin
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Fesenko
mesh_terms: D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008872:Microwaves; D008954:Models, Biological; D012867:Skin; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000528:radiation effects*