title: Biomarkers in neonatal posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.
abstract: Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is a rare but serious outcome among premature babies in the NICU, with consequences including mortality and severe neurodevelopmental disabilities. The causes of PHH are still not entirely understood, and its prevention and treatment are controversial. Various cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have been studied in infants with PHH in order to recognize the causes, diagnose brain injury, and predict neurodevelopmental outcomes. This systematic review summarizes studies on biomarkers of extracellular matrix activity, fibrinolysis/coagulation, hypoxia/cell death, and inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid of infants with PHH.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA. stephanie.merhar@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merhar
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1