title: Recombinant human endostatin, Endostar, enhances the effects of chemo-radiotherapy in a mouse cervical cancer xenograft model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effects of recombinant human endostatin, Endostar, combined with concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) on tumor growth, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in a mouse xenograft model of cervical cancer was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  HeLa cells were injected subcutaneously to establish mouse xenograft models and mice were treated with normal saline (control), CCRT with cisplatin (CDDP), Endostar, or a combination of Endostar and CCRT. Growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumors was monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumorogenic activity of tumor cells in the CCRT, Endostar and combination Endostar-CCRT treatment groups was markedly decreased compared with the activity in the NS group (p < 0.05). The most significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed in the Endostar with CCRT group. Lymph node metastases in the Endostar with CCRT group (12.5%) and Endostar alone group (25%) were lower compared to the CCRT group (42.8%) and NS group (66.7%; p < 0.05). Endostar was also found to inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Endostar induced apoptosis of HeLa cells in vivo, and inhibited expression of VEGF and HIF-1alpha in vivo and in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endostar enhanced the anti-cancer effect of CCRT in a mouse xenograft model of cervical cancer. These findings thus provide a new strategy to treat cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Oncology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D043169:Endostatins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000637:transplantation; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D043169:Endostatins; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C522911:endostar protein