title: Taxane-induced nail changes: Predictors and efficacy of the use of frozen gloves and socks in the prevention of nail toxicity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary endpoint of this study was to determine predictors of taxane-related nail toxicity. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the efficacy of the use of frozen gloves and socks in the prevention of taxane-related nail toxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  This descriptive, interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 patients. The patients were assigned to the frozen gloves/socks intervention group or control group. Frozen gloves/socks were applied only in hourly taxane-based treatments. The Patients Record Forms of the clinic were used in data collection. Nail changes were graded using the NCI Common Toxicity Criteria for each patient and treatment. Logistic regression analysis was performed to predict the factors that affect nail changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the patients enrolled in the study were women diagnosed with breast cancer. The two groups were statistically similar for the cancer diagnosis, type and number of taxane cycles administered. Grade 1 nail toxicity was found in 34%, grade 2 in 11%, and grade 3 in 5.5% patients. Taxane-related nail toxicity was higher in patients who were female, had a history of diabetes, received capecitabine in conjunction with docetaxel and had breast or gynecological cancer diagnosis. Nail changes increased with an increase in the number of taxane cycles administered, BMI and severity of treatment-related neuropathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The multivariate analysis demonstrated that BMI, breast or ovarian cancer diagnosis and the number of taxane cycles administered were the independent factors for this toxicity. No statistically significant difference in nail toxicity incidence and time to occurrence of nail changes was found between the intervention and the control groups.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul University Nursing Faculty, Abide-i-Hurriyet cad., 34381 Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey. gulbeyaz@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Gulbeyaz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydiner
authors.forename: Ikbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cavdar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003020:Clothing; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D005615:Freezing; D017575:Gloves, Protective; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009260:Nail Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D054039:Onycholysis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D043823:Taxoids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D043823:Taxoids