title: Holding relationships in primary care: a qualitative exploration of doctors' and patients' perceptions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ongoing doctor-patient relationships are integral to the patient-centred ideals of UK general practice, particularly for patients with chronic conditions or complex health problems. 'Holding', a doctor-patient relationship defined as establishing and maintaining a trusting, constant, reliable relationship that is concerned with ongoing support without expectation of cure, has previously been suggested as a management strategy for such patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore urban GPs' and patients' experiences of the management of chronic illness, with a particular focus on holding relationships.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative study in urban and suburban areas of north west England.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participating GPs recruited registered patients with chronic illness with whom they felt they had established a holding relationship. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews and subjected to constant comparative qualitative analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GP responders considered holding to be a small but routine part of their work. Benefits described included providing support to patients but also containing demands on secondary care. Patient responders, all with complex ongoing needs, described the relationship with their GP as a reassuring, positive, and securing partnership. Both GP and patient responders emphasised the importance of pre-existing knowledge of past life-story, and valued holding as a potential tool for changing health-related behaviour. Difficulties with holding work included fears of dependency, and problems of access.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Holding relationships are a routine part of general practice, valued by both GPs and patients. Naming and valuing holding work may legitimise this activity in the management of people with chronic and complex health problems.
authors.affiliation: Manchester Medical School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. simon.cocksedge@manchester.ac.uk
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cocksedge
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greenfield
authors.forename: G Kelly
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Nugent
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chew-Graham
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D004739:England; D005194:Family Practice; D006801:Humans; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010465:Perception; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D018881:Suburban Health; D014504:Urban Health