title: AADMA as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in prediabetic women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to determine the correlation between glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) with level of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in serum, between HbA1c and value of brachial artey flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) by ultrasound study, and between ADMA serum and FMD in prediabetes women.
  
  
  METHODS
  the study was done in prediabetes women aged between 30-55 years of age in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta (RSCM). Prediabetes was based on PERKENI criteria. Subject with fasting blood glucose less than 126 mg/dL and 2-hours blood glucose less than 200 mg/dL met the criteria. Laboratory test of HbA1c and ADMA plasma were performed. To asses brachial FMD, the left brachial artery diameter was measured both at rest and during reactive hyperemia. Increased flow was induced by inflation of pneumatic tourniquet around the forearm to a pressure of 50 mm Hg upper systolic pressure for 5 minutes, followed by release. Measurements of arterial diameter were performed at end diastole at rest and 60 seconds after cuff release. The vessel diameter in scans after reactive hyperemia was expressed as the percentage relative to resting scan (100%). All ultrasound scans were analyzed by a single reader.
  
  
  RESULTS
  from 41 prediabetes subjects could be found correlation between ADMA serum with 2-hours post prandial blood glucose (p 0,003 and r 0,457) and HbA1c (p <0,001 and r 0,720). We also found correlation between FMD value with 2-hours post prandial blood glucose (p 0,01 and r -0.487) and HbA1c (p <0,001 and r -0.763). Besides that, there was correlation between ADMA serum with FMD value (p <0,001 and r -0,617). From multivariate analysis, we could determine that HbA1c is the influential factor of ADMA serum and FMD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  in prediabetes women there was correlation between HbA1c with ADMA, between HbA1c with FMD and between ADMA serum with FMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Jl. Diponegoro no. 71, Jakarta, Indonesia. fat_eliana_sppd@yahoo.co.id
authors.forename: Fatimah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eliana
authors.forename: Pradana
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Suwondo
authors.forename: Lukman H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Makmun
authors.forename: Dante S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Harbuwono
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001916:Brachial Artery; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D001120:Arginine; D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine