title: Minichromosome maintenance 2 and 5 expressions are increased in the epithelium of hereditary gingival fibromatosis associated with dental abnormalities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gingiva fibromatosis is a relatively rare condition characterized by diffuse enlargement of the gingiva, which is caused by expansion and accumulation of the connective tissue.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate proliferative and apoptotic biomarker expression in normal gingiva and two forms of gingival fibromatosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Archived tissue specimens of hereditary gingival fibromatosis, gingival fibromatosis and dental abnormality syndrome and normal gingiva were subject to morphological analysis and immunohistochemical staining. The results were analyzed statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proteins associated with proliferation were found in the nuclei of epithelial cells from the basal and suprabasal layers, whereas apoptotic proteins were detected in the cytoplasm of the upper layers of the epithelium. Increased expressions of minichromosome maintenance proteins 2 and 5 were observed in the gingival fibromatosis and dental abnormality syndrome samples. In contrast, geminin expression was higher in normal gingiva samples. No difference in the expression of apoptotic proteins was observed among the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support a role for augmented proliferation of epithelial cells within the overgrown tissues associated with gingival fibromatosis or dental abnormality syndrome. However, our data suggest that different biological mechanisms may account for the pathogenesis of different types of gingival fibromatosis.
authors.affiliation: Health Science Programme, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Hercílio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martelli-Júnior
authors.forename: Carolina de Oliveira
authors.initials: Cde O
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Paulo Rogério
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bonan
authors.forename: Paula de Figueiredo
authors.initials: Pde F
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: Carolina Cavalcante
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Bitu
authors.forename: Jorge Esquiche
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: León
authors.forename: Ricardo D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Coletta
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005351:Fibromatosis, Gingival / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D064248:Geminin; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D064111:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D014071:Tooth Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C577995:GMNN protein, human; D064248:Geminin; C489423:MCM5 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C084859:MCM2 protein, human; D064111:Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component 2