title: Verification of nerve integrity after surgical intervention using quantitative sensory testing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to apply a standardized Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) approach in patients to investigate whether oral surgery can lead to sensory changes, even if the patients do not report any sensory disturbances. Furthermore, this study determines the degree and duration of possible neuronal hyperexcitability due to local inflammatory trauma after oral surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Orofacial sensory functions were investigated by psychophysical means in 60 patients (30 male, 30 female) in innervation areas of infraorbital nerves, mental nerves and lingual nerves after different interventions in oral surgery. The patients were tested 1 week, 4 weeks, 7 weeks, and 10 weeks postoperatively. As controls for bilateral sensory changes after unilateral surgery, tests were additionally performed in 20 volunteers who did not have any dental restorations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were found between the control group and the control side of the patients. Although not 1 of the patients reported paresthesia or other sensory changes postoperatively, QST detected significant differences between the control and the test side in the mental and lingual regions. Test sides were significantly less sensitive for thermal parameters (cold, warm, and heat). No differences were found in the infraorbital region. Patients showed significantly decreased pain pressure thresholds on the operated side. QST monitored recovery over time in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that oral surgery can lead to sensory deficits in the mental and lingual region, even if the patients do not notice any sensory disturbances. The applied QST battery is a useful tool to investigate trigeminal nerve function in the early postoperative period. In light of the increasing forensic implication, this tool can serve to objectify clinical findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. ssaidyekta@izkf.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: Sareh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Said-Yekta
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smeets
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esteves-Oliveira
authors.forename: Jamal M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riediger
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lampert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001047:Apicoectomy; D002680:Chin / Q000294:innervation*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000175:diagnosis; D008036:Lingual Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000379:methods; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D009915:Orbit / Q000294:innervation*; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology; D020886:Somatosensory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013697:Thermosensing / Q000502:physiology; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014732:Vibration; D055815:Young Adult