title: Residual varus alignment does not compromise results of TKAs in patients with preoperative varus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative varus alignment has been associated with lower IKS scores and increased failure rates. Appropriate positioning of TKA components therefore is a key concern of surgeons. However, obtaining neutral alignment can be challenging in patients with substantial preoperative varus deformity and it is unclear whether residual deformity influences revision rates.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We asked: (1) in patients with preoperative varus deformities, does residual postoperative varus limb alignment lead to increased revision rates or lower IKS scores compared with correction to neutral alignment, (2) does placing the tibial component in varus alignment lead to increased revision rates and lower IKS scores, (3) does femoral component alignment affect revision rates and IKS scores, and (4) do these findings change in patients with at least 10° varus alignment preoperatively?
  
  
  METHODS
  From a prospective database, we identified 553 patients undergoing TKAs for varus osteoarthritis. Patients were divided into those with residual postoperative varus and those with neutral postoperative alignment. Revision rates and International Knee Society (IKS) scores were compared between the two groups and assessed based on postoperative component alignment. Survival analysis was conducted with revision as the endpoint. The analysis was repeated in a subgroup of patients with at least 10° preoperative varus. Minimum followup was 2 years (median, 4.7 years; range, 2-19.8 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups had similar survival rates to 10 years and similar IKS scores. Varus tibial component alignment and valgus femoral component alignment were associated with lower mean scores. Revision rates and scores were similar in a subgroup of patients with substantial preoperative varus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest residual postoperative varus deformity after TKA does not increase survival rates at medium-term in patients with preoperative varus deformities, providing tibial component varus is avoided. Tibial component varus negatively influences IKS score.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level III, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Centre Albert Trillat, 103 Grande Rue de La Croix Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France. robert.magnussen@gmail.com
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Magnussen
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weppe
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Demey
authors.forename: Elvire
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Servien
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lustig
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000379:methods / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016916:Joint Deformities, Acquired / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D020127:Recovery of Function; D016896:Treatment Outcome