title: Determination of thromboxane formation, soluble CD40L release and thrombopoietin clearance in apheresis platelet concentrates.
abstract: All deleterious changes in platelet morphology, structure and function that occur in platelet concentrates (PC) during storage are titled as the 'platelet storage lesion'. No single in vitro test currently available is sufficient in assessing these changes of platelet quality. The release of soluble CD40 Ligand (sCD40L), the formation of thromboxane (TXB2) and the thrombopoietin (TPO) clearance reflect different aspects of platelet metabolism and activitiy, and were used to examine platelet quality in apheresis platelet products. At days 1, 3 and 5, in single-donor apheresis platelet products (n = 10) under routine storage conditions, sCD40L (measured by ELISA) and TXB2 (measured by RIA) were determined after platelet stimulation (recalcification and clot formation). TPO (measured by ELISA) was determined after an incubation time of 5 h at 37°C with platelet-rich plasma (adjusted initial TPO concentration of about 500 pg/mL). Results were related to a therapeutic unit (TU = 2 × 10(11) platelets). Immediately after platelet preparation, sCD40L release was 41 ± 7.6 ng/TU, TXB2 formation 1688 ± 374 ng/TU and TPO clearance 1.22 ± 0.32 ng/h/TU. At days 1, 3 and 5, sCD40L was reduced to 89 ± 7%, 71 ± 12% and 57 ± 9%, TXB2 release to 91 ± 6%, 74 ± 12% and 58 ± 9% and TPO clearance to 90 ± 15%, 84 ± 5% and 79 ± 10% of the respective control values. In conclusion, in single-donor apheresis PC, sCD40L release and TXB2 formation as well as TPO clearance by the platelets were dependent on storage duration and reduced to about 60% to 80% of the respective control values after a storage period for 5 days. These findings are in line with literature data, indicating that a loss of platelet functionality of about 30% will occur after 5 days of storage.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Center of University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany. folker.wenzel@gmx.de
authors.forename: Folker
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baertl
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hohlfeld
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: Artur Aron
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001781:Blood Component Removal; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D010976:Platelet Count; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D010983:Plateletpheresis / Q000379:methods*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D013926:Thrombopoietin / Q000097:blood*; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D023201:CD40 Ligand; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D013926:Thrombopoietin