title: Self-reported use of vitamins and other nutritional supplements in adult patients with cystic fibrosis. Is daily practice in concordance with recommendations?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In cystic fibrosis (CF), prophylactic supplementation of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K is recommended. Limited data is available describing vitamin prescription adherence by adult patients. The aim of this study was to assess the use of prescribed vitamins and other nutritional supplements by adult CF patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  All adult CF patients (n=111) registered at the Utrecht CF Center were invited to participate in a telephone survey on supplement use. Supplemental vitamin intakes were compared with recommendations. In a subsample, associations between supplemental intake and serum vitamin D and E values were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study 80% of the patients reported the use of vitamin and/or mineral supplements. Fat-soluble vitamins were used by 43% of pancreatic-sufficient (PS) and 81% of pancreatic-insufficient (PI) patients. Of PI patients reporting supplemental vitamin use, only 9% met the recommendations for vitamin A, 32% for vitamin D, 59% for vitamin E, and 81% for vitamin K. Multivitamin supplements were used by 42% of PI and by 29% of PS patients. Other nutritional supplements were rarely used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high percentage of PI patients use fat-soluble vitamins below recommendations. Therefore adequate monitoring of vitamin supplementation and status is warranted.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Dietetics & Nutritional Science, the Netherlands. F.Hollander@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: Francis M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: de Roos
authors.forename: Janneke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dopheide
authors.forename: Tiny
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: Ferdinand Teding
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: van Berkhout
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D003625:Data Collection; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D010188:Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins