title: Hematuria secondary to congenital arteriovenous fistula treated with embolization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a rare case of hematuria caused by an arteriovenous fistula which may be a urological emergency.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe the medical history, physical examination, complementary tests performed and their results, as well as the treatment applied in an adolescent with hematuria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Congenital arteriovenous fistula was diagnosed and treated by percutaneous embolization with immediate stop of hematuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-traumatic renal arteriovenous fistulae are rare, even more if they present with gross hematuria. We present a case of a life-threatening emergency caused by one of them the treatment of which was possible by embolization, avoiding surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain. crismomed@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cristobal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moreno Alarcón
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: López Cubillana
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Capel Alemán
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cao Avellaneda
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D014567:Urography