title: Histamine receptors of cones and horizontal cells in Old World monkey retinas.
abstract: In primates the retina receives input from histaminergic neurons in the posterior hypothalamus that are active during the day. In order to understand how this input contributes to information processing in Old World monkey retinas, we have been localizing histamine receptors (HR) and studying the effects of histamine on the neurons that express them. Previously, we localized HR3 to the tips of ON bipolar cell dendrites and showed that histamine hyperpolarizes the cells via this receptor. We raised antisera against synthetic peptides corresponding to an extracellular domain of HR1 between the 4th and 5th transmembrane domains and to an intracellular domain near the carboxyl terminus of HR2. Using these, we localized HR1 to horizontal cells and a small number of amacrine cells and localized HR2 to puncta closely associated with synaptic ribbons inside cone pedicles. Consistent with this, HR1 mRNA was detected in horizontal cell perikarya and primary dendrites and HR2 mRNA was found in cone inner segments. We studied the effect of 5 μM exogenous histamine on primate cones in macaque retinal slices. Histamine reduced I(h) at moderately hyperpolarized potentials, but not the maximal current. This would be expected to increase the operating range of cones and conserve ATP in bright, ambient light. Thus, all three major targets of histamine are in the outer plexiform layer, but the retinopetal axons containing histamine terminate in the inner plexiform layer. Taken together, the findings in these three studies suggest that histamine acts primarily via volume transmission in primate retina.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical School, University of Texas at Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vila
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rangel
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Marshak
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Macleish
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Marshak
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002520:Cercopithecidae; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010215:Papio; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051248:Retinal Horizontal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D006632:Histamine