title: Functional analysis of all AGAMOUS subfamily members in rice reveals their roles in reproductive organ identity determination and meristem determinacy.
abstract: Reproductive organ development is one of the most important steps in the life cycle of plants. Studies using core eudicot species like thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana) and snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus) have shown that MADS domain transcription factors belonging to the AGAMOUS (AG) subfamily regulate the identity of stamens, carpels, and ovules and that they are important for floral meristem determinacy. Here, we investigate the genetic interactions between the four rice (Oryza sativa) AG subfamily members, MADS3, MADS13, MADS21, and MADS58. Our data show that, in contrast with previous reports, MADS3 and MADS58 determine stamen and carpel identity and, together with MADS13, are important for floral meristem determinacy. In the mads3 mads58 double mutant, we observed a complete loss of reproductive organ identity and massive accumulation of lodicules in the third and fourth floral whorls. MADS21 is an AGL11 lineage gene whose expression is not restricted to ovules. Instead, its expression profile is similar to those of class C genes. However, our genetic analysis shows that MADS21 has no function in stamen, carpel, or ovule identity determination.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Ludovico
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dreni
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pilatone
authors.forename: Dapeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erreni
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pajoro
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caporali
authors.forename: Dabing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Martin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kater
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018519:Meristem / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D056771:Ovule / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010641:Phenotype; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018744:DNA, Plant; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018749:RNA, Plant; D014157:Transcription Factors