title: Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 3 is involved in influenza A virus replication in human lung epithelial (A549) cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Influenza A virus mutates rapidly, rendering antiviral therapies and vaccines directed against virus-encoded targets ineffective. Knowledge of the host factors and molecular pathways exploited by influenza virus will provide further targets for novel antiviral strategies. However, the critical host factors involved in influenza virus infection have not been fully defined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrated that LAMP3, a member of lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein (LAMP) family, was significantly induced in human lung epithelial (A549) cells upon influenza A virus infection. Knockdown of LAMP3 expression by RNA interference attenuated production of viral nucleoprotein (NP) as well as virus titers. Confocal microscopy results demonstrated that viral NP is colocalized within LAMP3 positive vesicles at early stages of virus infection. Furthermore, knockdown of LAMP3 expression led to a reduction in nuclear accumulation of viral NP and impeded virus replication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LAMP3 is an influenza A virus inducible gene, and plays an important role in viral post-entry steps. Our observations may provide insights into the mechanism of influenza virus replication and potential targets for novel anti-influenza therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Yuli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Yaowu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000821:virology*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D059666:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D059666:Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 3; C048842:NP protein, Influenza A virus; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014758:Viral Core Proteins