title: Antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents increase with gamma irradiation in two types of Malaysian honey.
abstract: Two types of monofloral Malaysian honey (Gelam and Nenas) were analyzed to determine their antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents, with and without gamma irradiation. Our results showed that both types of honey can scavenge free radicals and exhibit high antioxidant-reducing power; however, Gelam honey exhibited higher antioxidant activity (p < 0.05) than Nenas honey, which is in good correlation (r = 0.9899) with its phenolic contents. Interestingly, we also noted that both irradiated honeys have higher antioxidant activities and total phenolic and flavonoid contents compared to nonirradiated honeys by Folin-Ciocalteu and UV-spectrophotometry methods, respectively. However, HPLC analysis for phenolic compounds showed insignificant increase between irradiated and nonirradiated honeys. The phenolic compounds such as: caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid, p- coumaric acid, quercetin and hesperetin as indicated by HPLC method were found to be higher in Gelam honey versus Nenas honey. In conclusion, irradiation of honey causes enhanced antioxidant activities and flavonoid compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Saba Zuhair
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: Kamaruddin Mohd
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Yusoff
authors.forename: Suzana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makpol
authors.forename: Yasmin Anum Mohd
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Yusof
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005514:Food Irradiation; D005720:Gamma Rays; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D010851:Picrates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011422:Propionates; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013053:Spectrophotometry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D010851:Picrates; D011422:Propionates; D004610:Ellagic Acid; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D011794:Quercetin; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D006569:Hesperidin; C495469:p-coumaric acid; C013015:hesperetin; C040048:caffeic acid