title: The genomic sequence of the Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cell line.
abstract: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-derived cell lines are the preferred host cells for the production of therapeutic proteins. Here we present a draft genomic sequence of the CHO-K1 ancestral cell line. The assembly comprises 2.45 Gb of genomic sequence, with 24,383 predicted genes. We associate most of the assembled scaffolds with 21 chromosomes isolated by microfluidics to identify chromosomal locations of genes. Furthermore, we investigate genes involved in glycosylation, which affect therapeutic protein quality, and viral susceptibility genes, which are relevant to cell engineering and regulatory concerns. Homologs of most human glycosylation-associated genes are present in the CHO-K1 genome, although 141 of these homologs are not expressed under exponential growth conditions. Many important viral entry genes are also present in the genome but not expressed, which may explain the unusual viral resistance property of CHO cell lines. We discuss how the availability of this genome sequence may facilitate genome-scale science for the optimization of biopharmaceutical protein production.
authors.affiliation: BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Harish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagarajan
authors.forename: Nathan E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Shengkai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Zhiming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wenbin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Wenliang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Mikael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.forename: Benedetto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Passarelli
authors.forename: Winston
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: H Christina
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Jianbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yaoting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.forename: Kelvin H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Betenbaugh
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Quake
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Famili
authors.forename: Bernhard O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Palsson
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus / Q000235:genetics*; D016678:Genome; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D006031:Glycosylation; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA