title: Effects of surface treatments and application shanks on nematode, pathogen and weed control with 1,3-dichloropropene.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preplant fumigation with methyl bromide (MeBr) has been used for control of soilborne pests in high-value annual, perennial and nursery crops, but is being phased out. In 2007 and 2008, research trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of surface treatments and two application shanks on pest control with 1,3-dicloropropene (1,3-D) in perennial crop nurseries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 1,3-D treatments controlled nematodes similarly to MeBr. Application of 1,3-D with virtually impermeable film (VIF) reduced Fusarium oxysporum compared with unfumigated plots, but was not as effective as MeBr. Applications of 1,3-D with VIF or 1,3-D followed by metam sodium reduced Pythium spp., but 1,3-D followed by intermittent water seals was comparable with the untreated plots. When sealed with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) film or VIF, 1,3-D generally was as effective as MeBr for reducing weed density and total weed biomass, but weed control was reduced by intermittent water seals and in unsealed plots subsequently re-treated with additional 1,3-D or metam sodium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Applications of 1,3-D sealed with HDPE or VIF film or with intermittent water seals can control nematodes similarly to MeBr. However, additional management practices may be needed for effective pathogen and weed control if plastic film is not used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Amit J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jhala
authors.forename: Suduan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Gerik
authors.forename: Ruijun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Bradley D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hanson
mesh_terms: D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D005651:Fumigation; D005670:Fusarium; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009348:Nematoda; D010571:Pest Control; D057685:Plant Weeds; D011775:Pythium; D058728:Weed Control
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007306:Insecticides; C023891:1,3-dichloro-1-propene