title: Comparison of pregnancy outcome among nulliparas with and without microalbuminuria at the end of the second trimester.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the rate of poor pregnancy outcome among nulliparas who had microalbuminuria at the end of the second trimester of their pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study was performed on 490 nulliparous women who were at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy. Urine tests for albuminuria and creatinine measurements were performed in all women and the albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) was calculated. The women with microalbuminuria (exposed group) and those without microalbuminuria (nonexposed group) were monitored until the end of their pregnancy and compared for pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preterm labor (57.9% versus 13.5%), preeclampsia (50.0% versus 8.6%), intrauterine growth restriction (42.1% versus 6.4%), and preterm premature rupture of membranes (31.6% versus 10.2%) were significantly more common in the exposed group. The rates of gestational diabetes did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, microalbuminuria increased the risks for preterm labor (adjusted OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.1-5.5, P=0.03) and preeclampsia (adjusted OR 9.5; 95% CI 4.6-19.3, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microalbuminuria at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy might increase the risks of preterm labor, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm premature rupture of membranes.
authors.affiliation: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shohreh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahasadri
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kashanian
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Khosravi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine