title: Confirmation of and differentiation among primary vascular lesions using ultrasonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the utility of orbital ultrasound in the evaluation and management of suspected orbital vascular lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical case series of 15 patients with suspected orbital vascular lesions seen in the Neuro-ophthalmology clinic of the Wilmer Eye Institute. The techniques of standardized echography (combined use of a contact B-scan and standardized A-scan) were performed by an experienced echographer, and data obtained were compared with other available imaging modalities to determine appropriate management. Patients were monitored for improvement, stability, or worsening of symptoms and signs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on echographic data obtained, 6 patients underwent surgery, 9 were observed over a follow-up period of 0-14 (mean 3.3) years. All patients demonstrated improvement or remained stable, and no complications developed from misdiagnosis during subsequent follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orbital ultrasound provides reliable imaging parameters and can be used as the primary imaging modality when evaluating suspected orbital vascular lesions.
authors.affiliation: The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Cathy W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: DiBernardo
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oak
authors.forename: Neil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Prem S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Subramanian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000098:blood supply*; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult