title: Differences in bio-incompatibility among four biocompatible dialyzer membranes using in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Following the introduction of modified cellulosic and then synthetic membrane dialyzers, it was realized that the dialyzer bio-incompatibility depends on the membrane composition. We designed a prospective, randomized, cohort study of 6 months to determine several parameters of biocompatibility in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients treated with four different membrane dialyzers.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 60 MHD patients enrolled in the study. In baseline, synthetic low-flux dialyzer, polysulfone (PS) membrane was used in all patients for at least 3 months. Then the patients were randomly divided into three groups according to different dialyzer membranes. Synthetic high-flux dialyzer group, polyethersulfone membrane, cellulose triacetate (CTA) high-flux membrane, and synthetic low-flux dialyzer, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) membrane were used in 6 months. A new dialyzer was used for each study treatment, and there was no dialyzer reuse. The biocompatibility markers and solutes removal markers were detected repeatedly at different time points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The blood levels of highly sensitive C reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-1β, and interleukin (IL)-13 showed no difference among different groups at al time points. However, the blood complement levels and white blood cell counts were significantly different among three groups. When the dialyzers changed from PS to PMMA membrane, C3a levels and white blood cell counts changed significantly (p < 0.05). Moreover, the changes of C5a levels were significantly different between group CTA and group PMMA in month 3 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were much more differences on bio-incompatibility among different dialyzer membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Dong-Liang
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wen-Ying
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Dan-Ying
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wen-Hu
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial