title: Fast and direct determination of butylated hydroxyanisole in biodiesel by batch injection analysis with amperometric detection.
abstract: We report here, for the first time, application of batch injection analysis (BIA) with amperometric detection for determination of the phenolic antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) in biodiesel. A sample plug was directly injected onto a boron-doped diamond electrode immersed in 50% v/v hydroethanolic solution with 0.1 mol L(-1) HClO(4) using an electronic micropipette. Importantly, the only preparation step required for biodiesel analysis is dilution in the same hydroethanolic electrolyte solution. Our proposed method has several advantages for routine biodiesel analysis, including: a low relative standard deviation between injections (0.29%, n=20), high analytical frequency (120 h(-1)), adequate recovery values (93-101%) for spiked samples, satisfactory accuracy (based on comparative determinations by high-performance liquid-chromatography), and a low detection limit (100 ng of BHA per g of biodiesel). Finally, our method can be adapted for the determination of other antioxidants in biodiesel samples.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Faria
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Tormin
authors.forename: Denise Tofanello
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Gimenes
authors.forename: Eduardo Mathias
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Rodrigo Alejandro Abarza
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Munoz
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis*; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000379:methods; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D056804:Biofuels; D010472:Perchlorates; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole