title: Cephalometric evaluation in different phases of Jasper jumper therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal and soft-tissue effects of Class II malocclusion treatment with the Jasper jumper followed by Class II elastics at the different stages of therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample comprised 24 patients of both sexes (11 boys, 13 girls) with an initial age of 12.58 years, treated for a mean period of 2.15 years. Four lateral cephalograms were obtained of each patient in these stages of orthodontic treatment: at pretreatment (T1), after leveling and alignment (T2), after the use of the Jasper jumper appliance and before the use of Class II intermaxillary elastics (T3), and at posttreatment (T4). Thus, 3 treatment phases could be evaluated: leveling and alignment (T1-T2), use of the Jasper jumper (T2-T3), and use of Class II elastics (T3-T4). Dependent analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey tests were used to compare the durations of the 3 treatment phases and for intragroup comparisons of the 4 treatment stages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The alignment phase showed correction of the anteroposterior relationship, protrusion and labial inclination of the maxillary incisors, and reduction of overbite. The Jasper jumper phase demonstrated labial inclination, protrusion and intrusion of the mandibular incisors, mesialization and extrusion of the mandibular molars, reduction of overjet and overbite, molar relationship improvement, and reduction in facial convexity. The Class II elastics phase showed labial inclination of the maxillary incisors; retrusion, uprighting, and extrusion of the mandibular incisors; and overjet and overbite increases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The greatest amount of the Class II malocclusion anteroposterior discrepancy was corrected with the Jasper jumper appliance. Part of the correction was lost during Class II intermaxillary elastics use after use of the Jasper jumper appliance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francyle Simões
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.forename: José Fernando Castanha
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Henriques
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Janson
authors.forename: Manoela Favaro
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Francisconi
authors.forename: Karina Maria Salvatore
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: de Freitas
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D020724:Elastomers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D020724:Elastomers