title: Exam anxiety induces significant blood pressure and heart rate increase in college students.
abstract: To investigate the relationship between the anxiety and blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) increase in peri-exam period. Sixty-four college students(20.0 ± 0.1 year old) were included in this study. The BP and HR were measured in the morning and in the evening for 3 days during the prereview (ba), review, and exam periods. The BP and HR increase amplitudes (HRIA) of review and exam periods were from the difference of corresponding values and basic values, and the BPIA/baBP and HRIA/baHR were calculated. All of the students completed the Self-Rating Anxiety score (SAS) questionnaire the first day of the exam period. Scores over 50 points were used as the standard for anxiety. From the prereview to exam periods, the BP and HR increased gradually. The exam SBPIA (4.3 ± 1.3 vs. 0.3 ± 0.5 mmHg, P < 0.05) and DBPIA (4.4 ± 1.5 vs. 1.0 ± 0.5 mmHg, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the anxiety group than in the no-anxiety group. The SBPIA/DBPIA and HRIA showed a similar profile also(9.7 ± 2.1 vs. 1.9 ± 0.9 bpm, P < 0.05). Strong positive correlations were found between the SAS score and BPIA and HRIA both in the review and exam period. The smoking group and family hypertension group had higher anxiety score; meanwhile, their exam BPIAs and HRIAs were significantly higher than their corresponding group. The BP and HR increase in the review and exam period, anxiety is an important factor of BP and HR increase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaoshu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D013732:Test Anxiety Scale; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult