title: Chromatography of bis-(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide and its breakdown products by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection.
abstract: A chromatographic method for the detection of bis-(3-sulfopropyl) disulfide (SPS), a common additive in acidic copper plating baths, and its breakdown products is demonstrated. The detection scheme involves a combination of solid-phase extraction for sample pre-treatment, C(18) reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography column for separation, and electrochemical sensor for detection of all non-fully oxidized sulfur-containing compounds. We were able to achieve an effective separation and accurately assign chromatographic peaks to all detectable species. Owing to a high sensitivity of the utilized electrochemical detector, detection in low parts per billion range was possible. This can prove crucial for plating bath control, since minute amounts of certain by-products significantly affect the bath performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10024, USA. iv2135@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Volov
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hoenersch
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wahl
authors.forename: Alan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: West
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation; D004220:Disulfides / Q000032:analysis*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004220:Disulfides; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013451:Sulfonic Acids