title: Stress biomarkers in medical students participating in a mind body medicine skills program.
abstract: Georgetown University School of Medicine offers an elective Mind-Body Medicine Skills (MBMS) course to medical students to promote self-care and self-awareness. Participating medical students reported better management of academic stress and well-being than non-participants. In this study, we sought to assess the stress-reducing effects of MBMS by measuring physiological changes in first-year medical students. Saliva samples were collected before (January, time 1 (T1)-pre-intervention) and upon completion of the course (May, time 2 (T2p)-post-intervention), as well as from non-participating medical students (May, time 2 (T2c)-control). The T2p and T2c collections coincided with the period of final examinations. Cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), testosterone and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were measured. The mean morning salivary cortisol at T2p was 97% of the mean at baseline T1 which was significantly lower than for T2c (2.4) (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57-1.60, P =  .001); DHEA-S showed similar pattern as cortisol where the T2p levels were significantly lower than T2c (P <  .001) in both morning and evening collections. Testosterone ratio at T2p (0.85) was also lower than T2c (1.6) (95% CI 0.53-1.3, P =  .01). sIgA levels were not statistically different. On direct comparison, the T2c and T2p means were significantly different for all cortisol, DHEA-S and testosterone values. Participants maintained their hormonal balance within the normal range throughout the academic semester while the control group showed significantly increased levels, probably exacerbated by the end of the semester exam stress. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the physiologic benefits of a MBMS program in medical students.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, 3900 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Maclaughlin
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Anne-Michelle
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Noone
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harazduk
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lumpkin
authors.forename: Aviad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haramati
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Maryann
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dutton
authors.forename: Hakima
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amri