title: Bisphosphonates and oral health: primer and an update for the practicing surgeon.
abstract: Oral and intravenous bisphosphonates have been in clinical use for two decades for the treatment of patients with malignancy, osteoporosis, and other diseases affecting bone metabolism. The purpose of this article is to review the features of these drugs, their effect on the diseases they treat, the oral findings associated with their use, and the assessment of osteonecrosis incidence, pathophysiology, with some insights into treatment.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Hospital Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, 611 South West Campus Drive, SDOMS, Portland, OR 97239, USA. assael@ohsu.edu
authors.forename: Leon A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Assael
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000145:classification / Q000628:therapy; D009909:Oral Health; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000145:classification / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D013515:Surgery, Oral
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates