title: Thoracotomy reduces intrinsic brain movement caused by heartbeat and respiration: a simple method to prevent motion artifact for in vivo experiments.
abstract: Recent technical advances in electrophysiological recording and functional imaging from the brain of living animals have promoted our understandings of the brain function, but these in vivo experiments are still technically demanding and often suffer from spontaneous pulsation, i.e., brain movements caused by respiration and heartbeat. Here we report that thoracotomy suppresses the motion artifact to a practically negligible level. This simple method will be useful in a wide variety of in vivo experiments, such as patch-clamp physiology, and optical imaging of neurons, glial cell, and blood vessels.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuki
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikegaya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009038:Motion; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D012119:Respiration; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000379:methods*