title: Understanding risk for psychopathology through imaging gene-environment interactions.
abstract: Examining the interplay of genes, experience and the brain is crucial to understanding psychopathology. We review the recent gene-environment interaction (G×E) and imaging genetics literature with the goal of developing models to bridge these approaches within single imaging gene-environment interaction (IG×E) studies. We explore challenges inherent in both G×E and imaging genetics and highlight studies that address these limitations. In specifying IG×E models, we examine statistical methods for combining these approaches, and explore plausible biological mechanisms (e.g. epigenetics) through which these conditional mechanisms can be understood. Finally, we discuss the potential contribution that IG×E studies can make to understanding psychopathology and developing more personalized and effective prevention and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, 210 South Bouquet St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. LWH2@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Luke W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bogdan
authors.forename: Ahmad R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hariri
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D057890:Epigenomics; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D059906:Neuroimaging; D011599:Psychopathology