title: Tetraspanin CD151 maintains vascular stability by balancing the forces of cell adhesion and cytoskeletal tension.
abstract: Tetraspanin CD151 is highly expressed in endothelial cells and regulates pathologic angiogenesis. However, the mechanism by which CD151 promotes vascular morphogenesis and whether CD151 engages other vascular functions are unclear. Here we report that CD151 is required for maintaining endothelial capillary-like structures formed in vitro and the integrity of endothelial cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts in vivo. In addition, vascular permeability is markedly enhanced in the absence of CD151. As a global regulator of endothelial cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions, CD151 is needed for the optimal functions of various cell adhesion proteins. The loss of CD151 elevates actin cytoskeletal traction by up-regulating RhoA signaling and diminishes actin cortical meshwork by down-regulating Rac1 activity. The inhibition of RhoA or activation of cAMP signaling stabilizes CD151-silenced or -null endothelial structure in vascular morphogenesis. Together, our data demonstrate that CD151 maintains vascular stability by promoting endothelial cell adhesions, especially cell-cell adhesion, and confining cytoskeletal tension.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology and Cancer Centers and Departments of Medicine and Molecular Science, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jarett E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Michaelson
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moshiach
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.forename: Wenyuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Arnoud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonnenberg
authors.forename: Jill M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lahti
authors.forename: Hayden
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xin A
authors.initials: XA
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060185:Tetraspanin 24 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020744:rac GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; C554715:CD151 protein, human; C554716:Cd151 protein, mouse; D009479:Neuropeptides; C107953:RAC1 protein, human; C484602:Rac1 protein, mouse; D060185:Tetraspanin 24; C066737:RHOA protein, human; C526380:RhoA protein, mouse; D020744:rac GTP-Binding Proteins; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein