title: Enamel wetness effects on bond strength using different adhesive systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate, through the application of different dentin bonding systems, the influence of wetness on shear bond strength in enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study evaluated three etch-and-rinse adhesive systems (Scotchbond MP [used with and without primer]; Singlebond; and Prime&Bond 2.1) and two self-etching adhesive systems (Clearfil SE Bond; and Xeno IV). Flat bovine enamel surfaces were either air-dried for 30 seconds or blotted with absorbent paper after acid-etching for the conventional bonding agents or before the application of self-etching bonding agents. The resin composite EsthetX was bonded to flat surfaces that had been treated with one of the adhesives, following the manufacturer's instructions. After being stored in water at 37°C for one week, bonded specimens were broken in shear. Data were evaluated with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (α=0.05). For comparing each condition individually, regardless of the adhesive or wetness condition, a one-way ANOVA and a Student-Newman-Keuls test (α=0.05) were applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two-way ANOVA showed significant differences among adhesive systems. An interaction effect was also observed (p<0.05), but wetness did not influence shear bond strength (p=0.98). The one-way ANOVA showed that the all-in-one adhesive was the only material influenced by the presence of water at the enamel's surface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The all-in-one adhesive behaved differently depending on whether the enamel surface was dry or wet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Demtistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil. furuseay@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Furuse
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moresca
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paganeli
authors.forename: R F L
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Mondelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mondelli
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000737:chemistry; D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000388:Air; D000818:Animals; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003890:Desiccation; D008422:Materials Testing; D010209:Paper; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C466112:Esthet-X; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; C425844:Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus; C487957:Xeno III; C444444:prime and bond 2.1; C115612:single bond; D014867:Water; D000096:Acetone; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate