title: Cost-benefit estimation of cadaveric kidney transplantation: the case of a developing country.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this paper we have estimated the cost savings for the health care system and quality-of-life improvement for patients from an increased number of kidney transplants in Chile. We compared the present value of dialysis and transplantation costs and quality of life over a 20-year horizon.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used Markov models and introduced some degree of uncertainty in the value of some of the parameters that built the model. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we estimated the confidence intervals for our results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our estimates suggested that a kidney transplant showed an expected savings value of US$28,000 for the health care system. If the quality-of-life improvement was also considered, the expected savings rise to US$ 102,000. These results imply that increasing donation rate by 1 donor per million population would achieve an estimated cost saving of US$827,000 per year, or near US$3 million per year considering the effect on the quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrated that kidney transplantation along with a better quality of life for patients are a cost-saving decision for developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Urología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. javierdomi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Atal
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D002677:Chile; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017046:Cost Savings; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics*; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000191:economics*; D008390:Markov Chains; D018803:Models, Economic; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D011788:Quality of Life; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000191:economics; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000191:economics*; D016896:Treatment Outcome