title: Control of local protein synthesis and initial events in myelination by action potentials.
abstract: Formation of myelin, the electrical insulation on axons produced by oligodendrocytes, is controlled by complex cell-cell signaling that regulates oligodendrocyte development and myelin formation on appropriate axons. If electrical activity could stimulate myelin induction, then neurodevelopment and the speed of information transmission through circuits could be modified by neural activity. We find that release of glutamate from synaptic vesicles along axons of mouse dorsal root ganglion neurons in culture promotes myelin induction by stimulating formation of cholesterol-rich signaling domains between oligodendrocytes and axons, and increasing local synthesis of the major protein in the myelin sheath, myelin basic protein, through Fyn kinase-dependent signaling. This axon-oligodendrocyte signaling would promote myelination of electrically active axons to regulate neural development and function according to environmental experience.
authors.affiliation: Nervous System Development and Plasticity Section, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wake
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: R Douglas
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Fields
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn / Q000378:metabolism; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C494960:Fyn protein, mouse; D051076:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; D002118:Calcium