title: Significance of past history of renal failure for the detection of high-risk individuals for cardiovascular and end-stage renal disease: analysis of data from a nationwide health checkup.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical information regarding risk factors may be helpful in the detection of various diseases. This cross-sectional study examined the characteristics of subjects with past history of renal failure, and assessed whether this information would be useful for the efficient detection of high-risk individuals for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) at health checkup.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study utilized data from a nationwide health checkup, "The Specific Health Check and Guidance in Japan," and data for 250,130 adult subjects were analyzed. Subjects with self-reported history of renal failure and receiving dialysis therapy were defined as having a history of renal failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among total participants, there were 1,400 (0.6%) with a history of renal failure. The prevalence of a history of renal failure was higher in subjects with CKD than in those without CKD (1.5 vs. 0.3%, P < 0.001) and increased with progression of the stage of CKD (0.9-43.5%). Subjects with a history of renal failure had a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (44.6 ± 20.3 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) and a higher prevalence of CKD (50.5%) and CVD (31.9%), compared with subjects with hypertension, diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed an independent association between a history of CVD and renal failure (odds ratio 3.68, 95% confidence interval 3.26-4.15), after adjustment for confounding factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A history of renal failure was strongly associated with advanced CKD and CVD. Information regarding history of renal failure could be utilized to efficiently detect high-risk individuals at health checkup.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Konta
authors.forename: Ami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Shouichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Kunitoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iseki
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuruya
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asahi
authors.forename: Issei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kurahashi
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors