title: Retinoic acid generates regulatory T cells in experimental transplantation.
abstract: Regulatory T cells play a key role to inhibit effector lymphocytes, avoid, autoimmunity, and restrain allogeneic immunity. Retinoic acid is an important cofactor that stimulates the generation and expansion of regulatory T cells. Naive T cells, coincubated with allogeneic antigen-presenting cells and retinoic acid, in conjunction with transforming growth factor (TGF) β and interleukin (IL) 2, generated allogeneic regulatory T cells de novo. These cells were able to inhibit skin rejection in adoptive transfer experiments. The generation of regulatory T cells ex vivo with retinoic acid, TGF-β, and IL-2 represents a new step toward specific regulation of allogeneic immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sauma
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bono
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosemblatt
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fierro
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014212:Tretinoin