title: Cytotoxic compounds from the leaves of Gaillardia aristata Pursh. growing in Egypt.
abstract: Ten compounds, neopulchellin (1), 6α- hydroxyneopulchellin (2), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (3), apigenin (4), quercitin (5), eupafolin (6), kaempferol-3-methoxy-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside (7), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), α-amyrin (9) and β-sitosterol (10), were isolated from the leaves of Gaillardia aristata by applying bioassay guided fractionation. The cytotoxicity was traced against two human cancer cell lines (breast (MCF7) and colon (HCT116)). The highest cytotoxicity was revealed by compounds 1 and 2 (isolated from chloroform extract); with IC(50) values of 0.43, 0.32 µg mL(-1) against MCF7 and 0.46, 0.34 µg mL(-1) against HCT116, respectively. Compounds 9 and 10 (isolated from the n-hexane extract) exhibited lower IC(50) values of 3.05, 2.35 µg mL(-1) against MCF7 and 3.05, 2.35 µg mL(-1) against HCT116, respectively, while compounds 4-7 obtained from the ethyl acetate extract revealed the lowest cytotoxicity. Identification of the aforementioned compounds was carried out on the basis of their physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis (UV, EI/MS, 1D and 2D).
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Cairo University, Kasr el-Aini Street, Cairo 11561, Egypt. salamamaha@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Maha M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Salama
authors.forename: Zeinab A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Kandil
authors.forename: Wafaa T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Islam
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047310:Apigenin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004534:Egypt; D047309:Flavones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D047309:Flavones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D047310:Apigenin; D011794:Quercetin; C503624:eupafolin