title: Case series of atypical high flow arterio-venous malformations in children.
abstract: Arteriovenous malformations (AVM) constitute a clinically significant form of vascular malformations in children. We present three cases of paediatric AVMs that demonstrated unusual features of high flow and significant shunting of blood without a clearly demonstrable nidus. Venous malformations were associated with the lesions. A discussion of the concepts underlying AVM physiology and how these case reports contradict these is included.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Leeds General Infirmary, UK. yahia27@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Yahia Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Al-Tamimi
authors.forename: Priyank
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pollard
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goddard
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Chumas
authors.forename: Atul K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tyagi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002648:Child; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome