title: Uptake of nanoparticles by alveolar macrophages is triggered by surfactant protein A.
abstract: Understanding the bio-nano interactions in the lungs upon the inhalation of nanoparticles is a major challenge in both pulmonary nanomedicine and nanotoxicology. To investigate the effect of pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) on the interaction between nanoparticles and alveolar macrophages, we used magnetite nanoparticles (110-180 nm in diameter) coated with different polymers (starch, carboxymethyldextran, chitosan, poly-maleic-oleic acid, phosphatidylcholine). Cellular binding and uptake of nanoparticles by alveolar macrophages was increased for nanoparticles treated with SP-A, whereas albumin, the prevailing protein in plasma, led to a significant decrease. A significantly different adsorption pattern of SP-A, compared to albumin was found for these five different nanomaterials. This study provides evidence that after inhalation of nanoparticles, a different protein coating and thus different biological behavior may result compared to direct administration to the bloodstream.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In this nano-toxicology study of inhaled nanoparticles, the authors investigated the effect of pulmonary surfactant protein A on the interaction between nanoparticles and alveolar macrophages utilizing magnetite nanoparticles coated with different polymers (starch, carboxymethyldextran, chitosan, poly-maleic-oleic acid, phosphatidylcholine). Cellular binding and uptake of nanoparticles increased for nanoparticles treated with SP-A, whereas albumin, the prevailing protein in plasma, led to a significant decrease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ruge
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kirch
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cañadas
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perez-Gil
authors.forename: Ulrich F
authors.initials: UF
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casals
authors.forename: Claus-Michael
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lehr
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide