title: Critical-size defect induces unicompartmental osteoarthritis in a stable ovine knee.
abstract: Animal models simulating osteoarthritis are frequently associated with irreversible changes in biomechanics. Although these models successfully induce osteoarthritis, results of experimental repair procedures are impaired by biomechanical problems. The aim of this study was to define the critical size of a chondral lesion to induce unicompartmental osteoarthritis in a stable joint. Sixteen sheep were randomly divided into four treatment groups. A cartilage defect (7- or 14-mm diameter) was created in the weight-bearing zone of the medial femoral condyle. The sheep were mobilized for 6 or 12 weeks. Osteoarthritis was determined by gross assessment, India ink staining, histology (Mankin score), and analysis of COMP in the serum. In the 6-week group, only minor osteoarthritis was registered for either defect size. After 12 weeks, the 14-mm defect induced minor osteoarthritis at the femoral condyle and caused significant degenerative changes at the tibial articular cartilage and the meniscus. The 7-mm defect created focal unicompartmental osteoarthritis at the medial femoral condyle and minor degenerative changes at the corresponding tibia. A 7-mm full-thickness chondral defect with a weight-bearing regimen of 12 weeks induced local osteoarthritis at the medial compartment in an otherwise stable joint as aimed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria. martina.schinhan@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schinhan
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vavken
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dorotka
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Samouh
authors.forename: Catharina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiari
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gruebl-Barabas
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nehrer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000097:blood; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D064235:Matrilin Proteins; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000209:etiology*; D012756:Sheep; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D064235:Matrilin Proteins