title: Contamination of potable water by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: qPCR based culture-free detection and quantification.
abstract: Tourists visiting to endemic zones may acquire Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection resulting into diarrhea due to consumption of contaminated potable waters. In this study, a qPCR assay (SYBR Green), targeting LT1 and ST1 genes was designed to quantify ETEC in potable waters derived from civic water supply. The assay could detect lowest 1CFU/PCR targeting LT1/ST1 gene from ten-fold diluted culture of the reference strain (E. coli MTCC 723) and is ten-fold more sensitive than the conventional PCR. The quantification of the ETEC in potable waters collected from civic supply of a major city of the northern India exhibiting high flow of tourists reveals that all the sites that ran along sewage line were contaminated by the ETEC. Contamination was due to percolation of sewage. The assay could be used for the regular monitoring of potable water in places exhibiting heavy flow of tourists to prevent ETEC induced diarrhea.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Post Box 80, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001 UP, India.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vajpayee
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shanker
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000382:microbiology*; D054307:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007194:India; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D012722:Sewage