title: Gene expression in distinct regions of rat tendons in response to jump training combined with anabolic androgenic steroid administration.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of key genes responsible for tendon remodeling of the proximal and distal regions of calcaneal tendon (CT), intermediate and distal region of superficial flexor tendon (SFT) and proximal, intermediate and distal region of deep flexor tendon (DFT) submitted to 7 weeks of jumping water load exercise in combination with AAS administration. Wistar male rats were grouped as follows: sedentary (S), trained (jumping water load exercise) (T), sedentary animals treated with AAS (5 mg/kg, twice a week) and animals treated with AAS and trained (AAST). mRNA levels of COL1A1, COL3A1, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, MMP-2, IGF-IEa, GAPDH, CTGF and TGF-β-1 were evaluated by quantitative PCR. Our main results indicated that mRNA levels alter in different regions in each tendon of sedentary animals. The training did not alter the expression of COL1A1, COL3A, IGF-IEa and MMP-2 genes, while AAS administration or its combination with training reduced their expression. This study indicated that exercise did not alter the expression of collagen and related growth factors in different regions of rat tendon. Moreover, the pattern of gene expression was distinct in the different tendon regions of sedentary animals. Although, the RNA yield levels of CT, SFT and DFT were not distinct in each region, these regions possess not only the structural and biochemical difference, but also divergence in the expression of key genes involved in tendon adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. marqueti@gmail.com
authors.forename: Rita Cássia
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Marqueti
authors.forename: Rita de Cássia
authors.initials: Rde C
authors.lastname: Marqueti
authors.forename: Katja Maria
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Heinemeier
authors.forename: João Luiz Quaglioti
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Durigan
authors.forename: Sérgio Eduardo
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: de Andrade Perez
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schjerling
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kjaer
authors.forename: Hernandes Faustino
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Heloisa Sobreiro
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Selistre-de-Araujo
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000728:Androgens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000235:genetics; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000077603:Nandrolone Decanoate; D005082:Physical Exertion; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013710:Tendons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000235:genetics; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D000728:Androgens; C526316:CCN2 protein, rat; D024042:Collagen Type I; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D024061:Collagen Type III; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C548904:insulin-like growth factor-1, rat; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D009277:Nandrolone; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C522363:Mmp2 protein, rat; D000077603:Nandrolone Decanoate