title: Validation of an abbreviated adherence measure for young people with Type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adherence to diabetes-related tasks is an important construct. The Diabetes Self-Management Profile is a validated, semi-structured interview assessing adherence in paediatric patients with Type 1 diabetes. We created and validated a brief questionnaire version of the Diabetes Self-Management Profile called the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Young people with Type 1 diabetes, ages 9-15 years (n = 338) and their parents provided data from chart review, interview and questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire scores correlated significantly with Diabetes Self-Management Profile scores, HbA(1c) , blood glucose monitoring frequency and other measures associated with adherence and/or glycaemic control (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Young people and parent scores were correlated (r = 0.55, P < 0.0001). The Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire demonstrated modest internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.59), adequate for a brief measure of multidimensional adherence. In addition, factor analysis confirmed one factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This brief adherence questionnaire demonstrated construct validity in young people 9-15 years old and their parents and may have utility in clinical and research settings.
authors.affiliation: Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 20015, USA.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: L M B
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Laffel
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Volkening
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Nansel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weissberg-Benchell
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wysocki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003927:Diet, Diabetic / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012648:Self Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose