title: Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Study IV: ozone exposure of rats and its effect on antioxidants in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine whether acutely exposing rats to ozone would result in the loss of antioxidants from plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Additional goals were to compare analyses of the same antioxidant concentration between different laboratories, to investigate which methods have the sensitivity to detect decreased levels of antioxidants, and to identify a reliable measure of oxidative stress in ozone-exposed rats. Male Fisher rats were exposed to either 2.0 or 5.0 ppm ozone inhalation for 2h. Blood plasma and BALF samples were collected 2, 7, and 16 h after the exposure. It was found that ascorbic acid in plasma collected from rats after the higher dose of ozone was lower at 2h, but not later. BALF concentrations of ascorbic acid were decreased at both 2 and 7h postexposure. Tocopherols (α, δ, γ), 5-nitro-γ-tocopherol, tocol, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and cysteine (Cys/CySS) were not decreased, regardless of the dose or postexposure time point used for sample collection. Uric acid was significantly increased by the low dose at 2h and the high dose at the 7h point, probably because of the accumulation of blood plasma in the lung from ozone-increased alveolar capillary permeability. We conclude that measurements of antioxidants in plasma are not sensitive biomarkers for oxidative damage induced by ozone and are not a useful choice for the assessment of oxidative damage by ozone in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Kadiiska@niehs.nih.gov
authors.forename: Maria B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Kadiiska
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hatch
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nyska
authors.forename: Dean P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hensley
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stocker
authors.forename: Magdalene M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Van Thiel
authors.forename: Krisztian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stadler
authors.forename: J Carl
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010126:Ozone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013997:Time Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D014527:Uric Acid; D010126:Ozone; D001205:Ascorbic Acid