title: Spinal cord processing of cardiac nociception: are there sex differences between male and proestrous female rats?
abstract: Sex differences in the characteristics of cardiac pain have been reported from clinical studies. For example, women experience chest pain less frequently than men. Women describe their chest pain as sharp and stabbing, while men have chest pain that is felt as a pressure or heaviness. Pain is also referred to the back more often in women than men. The mechanisms underlying sex differences in cardiac pain are unknown. One possible mechanism for the observed differences could be related to plasma estradiol. This study investigated the actions of estradiol on the activity of T(3) spinal neurons that process cardiosomatic information in male and female rats. Extracellular potentials of T(3) spinal neurons were recorded in response to mechanical somatic stimulation and noxious chemical cardiac stimulation in pentobarbital-anesthetized male and proestrous female rats. Fifty one percent and fifty percent of neurons responded to intrapericardial algogenic chemicals (0.2 ml) in male and female rats, respectively. Somatic fields were located by applying brush, pressure, and pinch to the upper body. Of those neurons receiving cardiac input, 54% in female and 55% in male rats also received somatic input. In both male and female rats, 81% of neurons responding to somatic stimuli had somatic fields located on the side of the upper body, while 19% of neurons had somatic fields located on the chest. These results indicate there are no significant differences in the responses of T(3) spinal neurons to cardiosomatic stimulation between male and proestrous female rats, despite differences in estradiol levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. janinemlittle@gmail.com
authors.forename: Janine M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Jay P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Farber
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Foreman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059225:Nociception / Q000502:physiology*; D053591:Referred Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011359:Proestrus / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology*; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical