title: Antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extracts in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and HepG2 cells.
abstract: In the present study the chemopreventive effects of water soluble AquaROX(®) 15 and oil soluble VivOX(®) 40 rosemary extracts against 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (NQNO) and 2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-F]quinoline (IQ) induced mutagenicity in the reverse mutation assays with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and against t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells were studied, applying the comet assay. The results showed comparable protective effect of AquaROX and VivOX against oxidative DNA damage, whereas protection against indirect active genotoxic carcinogens was more efficient by VivOX.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Biology, Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. bojana.zegura@nib.si
authors.forename: Bojana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zegura
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dobnik
authors.forename: Maša Hojnik
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Niderl
authors.forename: Metka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filipič
mesh_terms: D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000494:pharmacology; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D056945:Hep G2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C546460:2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo(4,5-f)quinoline; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007093:Imidazoles; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011804:Quinolines; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide; C049584:2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide