title: Effects of ozone on nasal mucosa (endothelial cells).
abstract: After exposure to ozone, humans develop neutrophil infiltration of the nasal mucosa. To investigate the events contributing to inflammatory cell recruitment in the nasal mucosa we exposed 10 healthy nonsmoking volunteers to 400 ppb ozone or filtered air for 2h at rest on two separate occasions. Nasal biopsies were performed 6h after ozone/filtered air exposure. The nasal biopsies were embedded in glycol mathacrylate and immunostained for inflammatory cells, including neutrophils, mast cells, total T-cells (CD3), T-cell subsets CD8 and CD4, macrophages, eosinophils adhesion molecules (P-selectin, E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1), cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, GM-CSF, IL-6), chemokines (IL-8 and RANTES), and nuclear factor NF-κB. No significant changes were seen in the number of T-cells, and T-cell subsets, eosinophils, macrophages, or percentages of vessels expressing P-selectin, VCAM-1, GM-CSF, IL-6 and RANTES in the biopsies. The number of neutrophils and mast cells in the submucosa was significantly higher after ozone exposure (p=0.009 and p=0.005 respectively). The percentage of vessels expressing E-selectin (p=0.01), ICAM-1 (p=0.005), IL-8 (p=0.02), TNF-α (p=0.02), IL-1β (p=0.009), and NF-κB (p=0.05) increased significantly after ozone exposure as compared to filtered air exposure. Exposure of normal subjects to ozone increases the expression of proinflammatory cytokines resulting in upregulation of IL-8 and adhesion molecules via activation of NF-κB, leading to neutrophil inflitration in the nasal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: University Pulmology and Allergy Clinic, Medical Faculty, Skopje, R. Macedonia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dokic
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trajkovska-Dokic
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Howarth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D064368:Healthy Volunteers; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010126:Ozone