title: Effect of uremia on semen quality and reproductive function in humans.
abstract: In this study, we sought to evaluate the effect of uremia on semen quality and reproductive function in humans. For this purpose, 53 end-stage uremic patients were randomly selected. The semen samples were produced by masturbation. Fertility index (FI) was calculated according to the following formula: sperm density (×10(6)/ml) × sperm motility (%) × normal sperm morphology rate (% per 10,000). The semen samples of uremic patients were compared with those of fertile and infertile males. The results show that three patients failed to produce semen. There were no sperm found in four semen samples. The sperm motility, survival rate, sperm density, and normal sperm morphology rate of the remaining 46 patients were found to be significantly lower than those of controls. The uremic patients had the FI of 0.68(2.08) which was obviously lower than that of fertile 7.7(13.51) and infertile 4.13(5.77) males. It was, therefore, concluded that uremia caused a significant decline in sperm quality and reproductive function which resulted in consequential infertility in humans.
authors.affiliation: Kidney Transplantation Center, Hangzhou Jiulisong Hospital, Hangzhou, China. xulonggen88@sina.com
authors.forename: Longgen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Huiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Junrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Meili
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012661:Semen / Q000166:cytology*; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D014511:Uremia / Q000473:pathology*