title: The effects of analgesia-sedation on the immune system before and after cerebral digital subtraction angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is an invasive procedure and may cause inflammatory responses in the body. This study aims to provide cytokine and lymphocyte profile in a population of patients underwent cerebral DSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one male patients who admitted for cerebral DSA were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n = 7) included patients who did not receive analgesia-sedation and group II (n = 34) received analgesia-sedation before procedure. For the molecules, a venous blood samples from every patient was collected before and after cerebral DSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytokine levels in group I showed a trend to increase in the majority of the molecules after the procedure except IL-1β. In group II, cytokines showed variable trend. When comparing the two groups regarding cytokine levels after cerebral DSA, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-12, and IFN-γ levels increased significantly in group II. Comparing the two groups with respect to lymphocytes after cerebral DSA showed that CD56 levels were significantly higher in group II and other parameters did not show significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be possible that delimitation of the action(s) of the cytokines affecting the secretion or activation of CD56 (natural killer) may avoid complications of inflammation after invasive procedures.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ercan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tureci
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kizilkilic
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akyol
authors.forename: Ferit
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pekel
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanriverdi
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanci
authors.forename: Mois
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000698:Analgesia; D000758:Anesthesia; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000502:physiology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D019002:CD56 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines