title: 1H NMR metabolite fingerprint and pattern recognition of mullet (Mugil cephalus) bottarga.
abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate data analysis (MVA) was used to investigate the molecular components of the aqueous extract of samples of bottarga, that is, salted and dried mullet (Mugil cephalus) roe, manufactured in Sardinia (Italy) from mullets of known and unknown geographical provenience. Principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the processed (1)H NMR spectra indicated that samples tend to cluster according to their geographical origin and also on the basis of storage and manufacturing procedures. The most important metabolites that characterized grouping of samples are the free amino acids methionine (Met), glutamate (Glu), histidine (His), phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), and isoleucine (Ile); trimethylamine (TMA) and dimethylamine (DMA), both biomarkers of degradation; nucleotides and derivatives; choline (Cho) and phosphorylcholine (P-cho); and lactate (Lac).
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.S. 554-Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Locci
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piras
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mereu
authors.forename: Flaminia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cesare Marincola
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scano
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D005396:Fish Products / Q000032:analysis*; D007558:Italy; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D055442:Metabolome; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis; D023701:Smegmamorpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D019344:Lactic Acid