title: Immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor κB, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and endoglin (CD105) in odontogenic keratocysts, dentigerous cysts, and radicular cysts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and CD105 in odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), dentigerous cysts (DCs), and radicular cysts (RCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty cases of OKCs, 20 DCs, and 20 RCs were analyzed. A labeling index (LI), which expresses the percentage of NF-κB-stained nuclei, was calculated for the analysis of NF-κB expression. Expression of MMP-9 in the epithelium and in the capsule of each lesion was scored as 0 (<10% stained cells), 1 (10%-50% stained cells), or 2 (>50% stained cells). In addition, MMP-9 immunostaining was analyzed in endothelial cells of vessels with a conspicuous lumen. The angiogenic index was determined based on the number of anti-CD105 antibody-stained microvessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the epithelial component, the NF-κB LI was higher in OKCs than in DCs and RCs (P < .001). Analysis of MMP-9 expression in the epithelial component showed a predominance of score 2 in OKCs (90%), DCs (70%), and RCs (65%; P = .159). Evaluation of the NF-κB LI according to the expression of MMP-9 in the epithelial lining revealed no significant difference between lesions (P = .282). In the fibrous capsule, the highest percentage of MMP-9-stained cells (score 2) was observed in OKCs (P = .100). Analysis of the expression of MMP-9 in the vessels of odontogenic cysts showed a predominance of score 2 in OKCs (80%) and RCs (50%) and of score 1 in DCs (75%; P = .002). Mean microvessel count was high in RCs (16.9), followed by DCs (12.1) and OKCs (10.0; P = .163). No significant difference in microvessel count according to the expression of MMP-9 was observed between groups (P = .689).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the more aggressive biologic behavior of OKCs is related to the higher expression of MMP-9 and NF-κB in those lesions. The differences in the biologic behavior of the lesions studied do not seem to be associated with the angiogenic index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte.
authors.forename: Pedro Paulo
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: de Andrade Santos
authors.forename: Ana Rafaela Luz
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: de Aquino
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oliveira Barreto
authors.forename: Roseana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Almeida Freitas
authors.forename: Hébel Cavalcanti
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Galvão
authors.forename: Lélia Batista
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: de Souza
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003803:Dentigerous Cyst / Q000473:pathology*; D000071063:Endoglin; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis*; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000032:analysis*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D009807:Odontogenic Cysts / Q000473:pathology*; D011842:Radicular Cyst / Q000473:pathology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D004396:Coloring Agents; C064206:ENG protein, human; D000071063:Endoglin; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9