title: A novel "by difference" method for assessing dermal absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil at federal contaminated sites.
abstract: A highly precautionary cost-effective method for estimating dermal absorption using data from 24-h skin soap washes from in vitro dermal absorption tests in Bronaugh flow-through diffusion cells with human skin is reported. Skin was dosed with 16 U.S. Environmental Protection (EPA) priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) applied in mixture each at 2 μg/ml (ppm) in acetone without soil. Concurrent tests were conducted with an unspiked aqueous suspension of PAH-contaminated soil obtained from a Canadian federal contaminated site. Percentage dermal absorption was estimated "by difference" from the applied dose and that detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 24-h skin soap washes. The dermal absorption for 11 PAH ranged from 71 to 88.3% without and with soil, respectively. Lower absorption was found for 5 PAH in soil, in the range of 26.4 to 60.8%. Data could not be corrected for evaporative loss due to inconsistent data from Tenax adsorbent. Corroboratory gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) tests are needed. Previously published in vitro data from the authors' laboratory supported use of the "by difference" method.
authors.affiliation: Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. rick.moody@hc-sc.gc.ca
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: Andrey V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Tytchino
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: Sanya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petrovic
mesh_terms: D001955:British Columbia; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D054750:Ecotoxicology / Q000379:methods; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants