title: Venous thromboembolism in shoulder surgery: a systematic review.
abstract: Although it is generally believed that venous thromboembolism (VTE) after shoulder surgery is very rare, there are increasing reports of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) associated with shoulder surgery. To our knowledge only few studies have reviewed the available evidence on the subject. The purpose of this study was to review the available evidence in the published literature regarding incidence, risk factors, diagnosis and management of DVT/PE following shoulder surgery (Level IV evidence).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
authors.forename: Nwakile I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Ojike
authors.forename: Arup K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bhadra
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Giannoudis
authors.forename: Craig S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight