title: Influence of creatine supplementation on bone quality in the ovariectomized rat model: an FT-Raman spectroscopy study.
abstract: The influence of creatine (Cr) supplementation on cortical and trabecular bone from ovariectomized rats was studied using FT-Raman spectroscopy. The intensity of organic-phase Raman bands was compared to mineral phase ones. Twenty-one female Wistar rats aged 3 months were divided into three groups (n = 7 per group): ovariectomized (OVX), ovariectomized treated with creatine (CRE) and sham-operated (SHAM) groups. Creatine supplementation (300 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) was provided for 8 weeks, starting 12 weeks after ovariectomy. FT-Raman spectroscopy was performed on the right medial femoral mid-shaft (cortical bone) and third lumbar vertebral body (trabecular bone). The integrated intensities of mineral phase (phosphate and carbonate bands at 959 and 1,071 cm(-1), respectively) and organic phase (amide I band at 1,665 cm(-1)) Raman bands were analyzed. The mineral-to-matrix (phosphate/amide I), carbonate-to-phosphate, and carbonate-to-amide I ratios were analyzed to assess bone quality. The phosphate content on trabecular bone was higher in the CRE group than the OVX group (p < 0.05). No significant changes in mineral or organic phases on cortical bone were observed. A radiographic assessment of bone density was encouraging as the same findings were showed by Raman intensity of phosphate from cortical (r(2) = 0.8037) and trabecular bones (r(2) = 0.915). Severe ovariectomy-induced bone loss was confirmed by FT-Raman spectroscopy. The results suggest that the chemical composition of trabecular bone tissue may be positively influenced by Cr supplementation after ovariectomy.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais, Muzambinho, MG, Brazil. tatosouza2004@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Renato Aparecido
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Murilo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Fabiano Fernandes
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Marco Túlio
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Maira Gaspar
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Tosato
authors.forename: Airton Abrahão
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Julio Cezar de Melo
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Castilho
authors.forename: Wellington
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Landulfo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Silveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D003401:Creatine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010919:Placebos; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D003401:Creatine