title: Open loop fascial sling for severe congenital blepharoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Severe congenital eyelid ptosis present as a functional and aesthetic problem. The choices of procedures depend mainly on providing an additional elevator force to the upper lid to elevate it, and maintain a reasonable eye opening and vision. We describe a simple open loop fascia lata suspension sling to the frontalis muscle to treat patients with severe eyelid ptosis and poor levator function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty nine lids in 51 patients, were enrolled in this study, all had severe eyelid ptosis and had autogenous fascial sling used for the correction of the ptosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final lid level and contour was evaluated after the follow-up period and showed that the results were satisfactory in 77% of the patients. The unsatisfactory results were due to under correction in 10%, poor lid crease in 6%, lid notch in 4%, and entropion in 3% of the operated lids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The accurate evaluation and implementation of this technique can correct the problem of ptosis provided that the patients exercises the frontalis muscle in order to accomplish the desired lid level.
authors.affiliation: Scientific Council of Plastic Surgery, Iraqi Board for Medical Specializations, Baghdad, Iraq. zakarajy_dr@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Zakaria Yahya
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Arajy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000151:congenital* / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D005206:Fascia Lata / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult