title: SEPAR guidelines for lung cancer staging.
abstract: The latest tumour, lymph node and metastasis (TNM) classification by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), based on the analysis of patients from all over the world, has incorporated changes in the descriptors, especially those regarding tumor size, while proposing new group staging. A new lymph node map has also been developed with the intention of facilitating the classification of the "N" component. SEPAR recommends using this new classification. As for the procedures recommended for staging, in addition to the generalized use of computed tomography (CT), it points to the role of positron emission tomography (PET) or image fusion methods (PET/CT), which provide a better evaluation of the mediastinum and extrathoracic metastases. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and esophageal ultrasound (EUS) for obtaining cytohistological samples have been incorporated in the staging algorithm, and it emphasizes the importance of precise re-staging after induction treatment in order to make new therapeutic decisions. Comment is made on the foreseeable incorporation in the near future of molecular staging, and systematic lymph node dissection is recommended with the intention of making a more exact surgical-pathological classification.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Neumología, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, España. juli1949@separ.es
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez de Cos
authors.forename: Jesús Hernández
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: Marcelo F Jiménez
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Susana Padrones
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Antoni Rosell
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gratacós
authors.forename: Ramón Rami
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Porta
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards