title: The use of multi-element stable isotope analysis to monitor the origin of chondroitin sulfates.
abstract: Continuous-flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (CF-IRMS) of deuterium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur has been used to analyse samples of pure chondroitin sulfates from known animal sources (shark, squid, salmon, pig and bovine). There is a need to control the origin of this dietary supplement, which is extracted from several types of animals: for traditional, ethical, or economic reasons, a given source of natural products of animal origin can be preferred to another, and can therefore have a different price. Twenty-three samples collected in Europe and Asia were analysed by IRMS. The results, especially the isotopic deviations of sulphur, oxygen and deuterium, show a significant discrimination between marine and terrestrial origins of this compound which will provide a convenient and efficient way to control the declared sources in the market. The differences observed between origins are further discussed.
authors.affiliation: Eurofins Analytics France, Nantes, France. FreddyThomas@eurofins.com
authors.forename: Freddy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jamin
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimoo
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osaki
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Granier
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D049832:Decapodiformes; D003903:Deuterium / Q000032:analysis; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012474:Salmon; D012754:Sharks; D013460:Sulfur Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D013460:Sulfur Isotopes; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003903:Deuterium