title: Relationship between lipid profiles and plasma total homocysteine, cysteine and the risk of coronary artery disease in coronary angiographic subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Homocysteine and cysteine are considered as risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Homocysteine influences the liver expression of ApoA-I and decreases its blood level and HDL in genetic mice model. We aimed therefore to evaluate whether homocysteine and cysteine are associated with lipid parameters, and the joint effects of them on the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), cysteine (tCys) and lipid markers were measured in 2058 consecutive coronary artery angiographic patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma tHcy but not tCys correlated negatively with ApoA-I (r = -0.153, P < 0.001) and with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.148, P < 0.001), and correlated positively with the risk of CAD (OR: 1.61; 95% confidence interval; 1.26 to 2.05). Combination of high tHcy and high tCys levels was associated with decreased ApoA-I and HDL cholesterol levels, and with increased risk of CAD (OR: 1.696, 95% CI (1.301-2.211)). Furthermore, low HDL cholesterol combined with low tHcy or high tHcy all had increased risk for CAD (OR: 1.254, 95% CI (1.114-1.565); OR: 1.332, 95% CI (1.093-1.624); respectively) whereas high HDL cholesterol counteracted the harmful effect of high tHcy on the risk of CAD. However, only the combination of high tHcy and high ApoA-I had an increased risk for CAD (OR: 1.438, 95% CI (1.170-1.768)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of homocysteine and cysteine, ApoA-I or HDL cholesterol and their joint effects provide new insights on its role on CAD.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Number 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR of China.
authors.forename: Yunjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Dongfang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003545:Cysteine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000150:complications; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D006710:Homocysteine; D003545:Cysteine