title: Radiation-induced biomarkers for the detection and assessment of absorbed radiation doses.
abstract: Radiation incident involving living organisms is an uncommon but a very serious situation. The first step in medical management including triage is high-throughput assessment of the radiation dose received. Radiation exposure levels can be assessed from viability of cells, cellular organelles such as chromosome and different intermediate metabolites. Oxidative damages by ionizing radiation result in carcinogenesis, lowering of the immune response and, ultimately, damage to the hematopoietic system, gastrointestinal system and central nervous system. Biodosimetry is based on the measurement of the radiation-induced changes, which can correlate them with the absorbed dose. Radiation biomarkers such as chromosome aberration are most widely used. Serum enzymes such as serum amylase and diamine oxidase are the most promising biodosimeters. The level of gene expression and protein are also good biomarkers of radiation.
authors.affiliation: Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Marg, Delhi - 110 054, India.
authors.forename: Sudha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.forename: Raj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Sarwat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Rakesh Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sharma