title: Effect of interaction of magnetic nanoparticles of Fe₃O₄ and artesunate on apoptosis of K562 cells.
abstract: The present study evaluated whether the magnetic nanoparticles of Fe(3)O(4) (MNPs-Fe(3)O(4)) could enhance the activity of artesunate (ART), and to explore its potential mechanisms. Cytotoxicity of the copolymer of ART with MNPs-Fe(3)O(4) on K562 cells was detected by MTT assay and the apoptosis rate of K562 cells was measured by flow cytometry. Protein expression levels of bcl-2, bax, bcl-rambo, caspase-3, and survivin in K562 cells were measured by Western blot. After being incubated with the copolymer of ART with MNPs-Fe(3)O(4) for 48 hours, the growth inhibition rate of K562 cells was significantly increased compared with that of K562 cells treated with ART alone (P < 0.05), and the apoptosis rate of K562 cells was increased significantly compared with that of K562 cells treated with ART alone, suggesting that MNPs-Fe(3)O(4) can enhance the activity of ART. Interestingly, the copolymer-induced cell death was attenuated by caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Our results also showed that treatment with the copolymer of MNPs-Fe(3)O(4) and ART increased the expression of bcl-2, bax, bcl-rambo, and caspase-3 proteins, and decreased the expression of survivin protein in K562 cells compared with ART treatment alone. These results suggest that MNPs-Fe(3)O(4) can enhance ART-induced apoptosis, which may be related to the upregulation of bcl-rambo and downregulation of survivin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, the 2nd Hospital of Hebei Medical University, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jingci
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jingnan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Baoan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077332:Artesunate; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020014:K562 Cells; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000077022:Survivin
chemical_list: D037621:Artemisinins; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D000077022:Survivin; D000077332:Artesunate; D053148:Caspase 3