title: Objective visual field determination in forensic ophthalmology with an optimized 4-channel multifocal VEP perimetry system: a case report of a patient with retinitis pigmentosa.
abstract: We present the case of a 59-year-old male patient with progressive vision impairment and consecutive visual field narrowing ("tunnel view") for 7 years and a known retinitis pigmentosa for 5 years. The remaining Goldmann perimetric visual field at time reported was less than 5°. A request for blindness-related social benefits was rejected because an ophthalmologic expert assessment suggested malingering. This prompted us to assess an objective determination of the visual field using multifocal VEPs. Objective visual field recordings were performed with a four-channel multifocal VEP-perimeter using 58 stimulus fields (pattern reversal dartboard stimulus configuration). The correlated signal data were processed using an off-line method. At each field, the recording from the channel with the maximal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was retained, thus resulting in an SNR optimized virtual recording. Analysis of VEP signals was performed for each single field and concentric rings and compared to an average response measured in five healthy subjects. Substantial VEP responses could be identified in three fields within the innermost ring (eccentricity, 1.7°) for both eyes, although SNR was generally low. More eccentric stimuli did not elicit reliable VEP responses. The mfVEP recording was correlated with perimetric visual field data. The current SNR optimization by using the channel with the largest SNR provides a good method to extract useful data from recordings and may be appropriate for the use in forensic ophthalmology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaltwasser
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kremers
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Juenemann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergua
mesh_terms: D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004867:Equipment Design; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008318:Malpractice / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000379:methods*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D014793:Visual Cortex; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014794:Visual Fields