title: Deletion of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β improves diabetic nephropathy in Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (Thr286Asp) transgenic mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFR-β) signalling is increased in the glomeruli and tubules of diabetic animals. In this study, we examined the role of PDGFR-β signalling during the development of diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recently generated pancreatic beta cell-specific Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (Thr286Asp) transgenic mice (CaMKIIα mice), which show very high plasma glucose levels up to 55.5 mmol/l and exhibit the features of diabetic nephropathy. These mice were crossed with conditional knockout mice in which Pdgfr-β (also known as Pdgfrb) was deleted postnatally. The effect of the deletion of the Pdgfr-β gene on diabetic nephropathy in CaMKIIα mice was evaluated at 10 and 16 weeks of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma glucose concentrations and HbA(1c) levels were elevated in the CaMKIIα mice from 4 weeks of age. Variables indicative of diabetic nephropathy, such as an increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, kidney weight/body weight ratio and mesangial area/glomerular area ratio, were observed at 16 weeks of age. The postnatal deletion of the Pdgfr-β gene significantly decreased the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and mesangial area/glomerular area ratio without affecting the plasma glucose concentration. Furthermore, the increased oxidative stress in the kidneys of the CaMKIIα mice as shown by the increased urinary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) excretion and the increased expression of NAD(P)H oxidase 4 (NOX4), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) was decreased by Pdgfr-β gene deletion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The activation of PDGFR-β signalling contributes to the progress of diabetic nephropathy, with an increase in oxidative stress and mesangial expansion in CaMKIIα mice.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanatani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujisaka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Senda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urakaze
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takasawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tobe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasahara
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000473:pathology; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D050527:Mesangial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; C517671:Camk2a protein, mouse