title: The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise: mechanisms and implications for the prevention and treatment of disease.
abstract: Regular exercise reduces the risk of chronic metabolic and cardiorespiratory diseases, in part because exercise exerts anti-inflammatory effects. However, these effects are also likely to be responsible for the suppressed immunity that makes elite athletes more susceptible to infections. The anti-inflammatory effects of regular exercise may be mediated via both a reduction in visceral fat mass (with a subsequent decreased release of adipokines) and the induction of an anti-inflammatory environment with each bout of exercise. In this Review, we focus on the known mechanisms by which exercise - both acute and chronic - exerts its anti-inflammatory effects, and we discuss the implications of these effects for the prevention and treatment of disease.
authors.affiliation: Inflammation, Exercise and Metabolism Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Ashby Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK. M.Gleeson@lboro.ac.uk
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gleeson
authors.forename: Nicolette C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Stensel
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lindley
authors.forename: Sarabjit S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mastana
authors.forename: Myra A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nimmo
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D056352:Athletes; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008055:Lipids; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D004837:Epinephrine