title: The development of vocabulary in Spanish children with Down syndrome: comprehension, production, and gestures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our main purpose was to compare the lexical development of Spanish children with Down syndrome (DS) and children with typical development (TD) to investigate the relationship between cognitive and vocabulary development in comprehension and oral and gestural production.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 186 children with DS and 186 children with TD, with a mental age (MA) of 8-29 months and matched on gender and MA. Information about vocabulary was obtained using a new Spanish adaptation of the MacArthur-Bates CDI for children with DS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in oral production were found. Lexical comprehension and gestural production of children with DS were superior. Similar to children with TD, gestural production in children with DS decreased as oral production increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides evidence to support that lexical comprehension and gesture production are strengths in children with DS. With respect to oral production, our results do not support a specific dissociation between cognitive and lexical development.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y de la Educación, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain. mgaleote@uma.es
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galeote
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sebastián
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Checa
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soto
mesh_terms: D002663:Child Language; D002675:Child, Preschool; D032882:Comprehension; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005868:Gestures; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013030:Spain; D013060:Speech; D014825:Vocabulary