title: Influence of divalent metal ions on E2-induced ER pathway in goldfish (Carassius auratus) hepatocytes.
abstract: Metal ions existing in the environment could influence the estrogen pathway in aquatic animal, but the detailed mechanism is still delusive. We here showed that in male Carassius auratus hepatocytes, copper (Cu) or cadmium (Cd), did not directly induce vitellogenin (VTG) expression. Interestingly, co-exposure with Cd²⁺ (or Cu²⁺) and 17-β-estradiol (E2) greatly increased the VTG level, comparing with single treatment of E2. Meanwhile, Cd²⁺ or Cu²⁺ (but not E2) triggers HSP70 expression. But, mixture of Cd²⁺ or Cu²⁺ with E2 did not obviously raise HSP70 level. E2 also had no obvious effect on reactive oxygen species. Co-treatment of Cd²⁺ and E2 showed no obvious increase compared to single treatment with Cd²⁺. We further assume that Cd²⁺-involved oxidative stress generates misfolded proteins, resulting in the competition of HSP70 proteins from a heterocomplex (with estrogen receptor). Thus, dissociation of the heterocomplex actives the receptor-ligand binding activity and promotes the E2-induced VTG expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
authors.forename: Ziwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Keun Woo
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Beom-Seok
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Min-Ji
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Jang-Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D006054:Goldfish / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007477:Ions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007477:Ions; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D014819:Vitellogenins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D004958:Estradiol; D003300:Copper