title: Type-III interferon, not type-I, is the predominant interferon induced by respiratory viruses in nasal epithelial cells.
abstract: As an innate immune response against diverse viral infections, a host induces two types of interferon (IFN), type-I (IFN-β/α) and type-III (IFN-λ). We investigated IFN inductions by respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), measles virus and mumps virus in human nasal epithelial cells (NECs). IFN-λ, but not IFN-β/α, was induced by respiratory virus infection in primary NECs and immortalized NECs through transfection with the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT-NECs). In contrast, both IFN-λ and IFN-β/α were induced by RSV infection in human bronchiolar carcinoma cell line A549. Suppression of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) expression using siRNA significantly reduced IFN-λ1 production in RSV-infected hTERT-NECs, while suppression of melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) expression did not. Exogenous IFN-λ1 treatment suppressed RSV replication and chemokine induction in hTERT-NECs. These data indicate that IFN-λ, but not IFN-β/α, contributes to the main first line defense via RIG-I-dependent pathway against respiratory virus infection in NECs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1-W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556, Japan.
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okabayashi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Tadaatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Himi
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sawada
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009109:Mumps virus / Q000276:immunology*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology*; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D016899:Interferon-beta; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda