title: Pharmacological characterization of 2-methyl-N-((2'-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)biphenyl-4-yl)methyl)propan-1-amine (PF-04455242), a high-affinity antagonist selective for κ-opioid receptors.
abstract: 2-Methyl-N-((2'-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)biphenyl-4-yl)methyl)propan-1-amine (PF-04455242) is a novel κ-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist with high affinity for human (3 nM), rat (21 nM), and mouse (22 nM) KOR, a ∼ 20-fold reduced affinity for human μ-opioid receptors (MORs; K(i) = 64 nM), and negligible affinity for δ-opioid receptors (K(i) > 4 μM). PF-04455242 also showed selectivity for KORs in vivo. In rats, PF-04455242 blocked KOR and MOR agonist-induced analgesia with ID(50) values of 1.5 and 9.8 mg/kg, respectively, and inhibited ex vivo [(3)H](2-(benzofuran-4-yl)-N-methyl-N-((5S,7R,8R)-7-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)acetamide ([(3)H]CI977) and [(3)H](2S)-2-[[2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]acetyl]-methylamino]-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-phenylpropanamide ([(3)H]DAMGO) binding to KOR and MOR receptors with ID(50) values of 2.0 and 8.6 mg/kg, respectively. An in vivo binding assay was developed using (-)-4-[(3)H]methoxycarbonyl-2-[(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl]-1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]-piperidine ([(3)H]PF-04767135), a tritiated version of the KOR positron emission tomography ligand (-)-4-[(11)C]methoxycarbonyl-2-[(1-pyrrolidinylmethyl]-1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)acetyl]-piperidine ([(11)C]GR103545) in which PF-04455242 had an ID(50) of 5.2 mg/kg. PF-04455242 demonstrated antidepressant-like efficacy (mouse forced-swim test), attenuated the behavioral effects of stress (mouse social defeat stress assay), and showed therapeutic potential in treating reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior (mouse conditioned place preference). KOR agonist-induced plasma prolactin was investigated as a translatable mechanism biomarker. Spiradoline (0.32 mg/kg) significantly increased rat plasma prolactin levels from 1.9 ± 0.4 to 41.9 ± 4.9 ng/ml. PF-04455242 dose-dependently reduced the elevation of spiradoline-induced plasma prolactin with an ID(50) of 2.3 ± 0.1 mg/kg, which aligned well with the ED(50) values obtained from the rat in vivo binding and efficacy assays. These data provide further evidence that KOR antagonists have potential for the treatment of depression and addiction disorders.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT 06340, USA. sarah.grimwood@pfizer.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grimwood
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vanase-Frawley
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sawant-Basak
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Verhoest
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000188:drug therapy; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological / Q000097:blood; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005108:Extinction, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C568463:2-methyl-N-((2'-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)biphenyl-4-yl)methyl)propan-1-amine; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009294:Narcotics; D010879:Piperazines; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D013449:Sulfonamides; C071609:GR 89696; D011388:Prolactin; C051272:spiradoline