title: Stress training improves performance during a stressful flight.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated whether stress training introduced during the acquisition of simulator-based flight skills enhances pilot performance during subsequent stressful flight operations in an actual aircraft.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Despite knowledge that preconditions to aircraft accidents can be strongly influenced by pilot stress, little is known about the effectiveness of stress training and how it transfers to operational flight settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, 30 participants with no flying experience were assigned at random to a stress-trained treatment group or a control group. Stress training consisted of systematic pairing of skill acquisition in a flight simulator with stress coping mechanisms in the presence of a cold pressor. Control participants received identical flight skill acquisition training but without stress training. Participants then performed a stressful flying task in a Piper Archer aircraft.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stress-trained research participants flew the aircraft more smoothly, as recorded by aircraft telemetry data, and generally better, as recorded by flight instructor evaluations, than did control participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Introducing stress coping mechanisms during flight training improved performance in a stressful flying task.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate that stress training during the acquisition of flight skills may serve to enhance pilot performance in stressful operational flight and, therefore, might mitigate the contribution of pilot stress to aircraft mishaps.
authors.affiliation: Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA. christopher.mcclernon@us.af.mil
authors.forename: Christopher K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: McClernon
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McCauley
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Warm
mesh_terms: D000060:Accidents, Aviation / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011361:Professional Competence; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult