title: Comparative efficacy of commercially available and emerging antimicrobial urinary catheters against bacteriuria caused by E. coli in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of both commercially available and emerging urinary catheter technologies in relation to their effects on bacteriuria caused by Escherichia coli in vitro. Antiseptic urinary catheters have recently become commercially available and others are in the developmental stage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Silver alloy-coated catheters, antibiotic Nitrofurazone (NF)-coated catheters, and nitric oxide (NO)-coated catheters were tested against a noncoated control for their antiseptic ability. Inhibition of bacterial growth, biofilm formation, and the number of live bacteria within the biofilm, using up to 10(3) bacterial load were evaluated. Experiments were performed either in E. coli containing Luria broth media or in urine infected with E. coli.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NF- and NO-coated catheters had equivalent antimicrobial activity and eradicated all bacteria in planktonic and biofilm states. Silver-coated catheters had no effect on E. coli growth or biofilm formation compared with the control, although silver-coated catheters did inhibit bacterial levels within the biofilm by 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NF- and NO-coated catheters are highly effective in preventing planktonic growth and biofilm formation. Silver-coated catheters were not found to be effective in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Universality of British Columbia, 2733 Heather St. Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 3J5, Canada.
authors.forename: Gilly
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Regev-Shoshani
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: Yossef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Av-Gay
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004867:Equipment Design; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible