title: Th1/Th2 cytokine profile in patients coinfected with HIV and Leishmania in Brazil.
abstract: To evaluate the effects of HIV on immune responses in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), we quantified cytokine levels from plasma and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from individuals infected with HIV and/or CL. Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin 13 (IL-13) levels and the ratio of IFN-γ to IL-10 produced in response to stimulation with soluble Leishmania antigens were significantly lower in HIV-Leishmania-coinfected patients than in CL-monoinfected patients.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Zilma Andrade
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Maria Fernanda Rios
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Xing-Quan
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Luana Leandro
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Gois
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Schooley
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Badaro
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines