title: Comparison of the puborectal muscle on MRI in women with POP and levator ani defects with those with normal support and no defect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to compare puborectal muscle integrity and bulk in women with both major levator ani (LA) defects on MRI and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) to women with normal LA muscle and normal support.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a case-control study comparing 24 cases with known major LA defects and POP to 24 controls with normal LA and normal support. Axial T-2 weighted MRI scans of the pelvis were evaluated for integrity of the puborectal muscle and degree of muscle bulk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant group differences in age, body mass index, vaginal deliveries, or hysterectomy status. In all 48 subjects, the puborectal muscle was visible and had no disruption noted. There was no difference in muscle bulk between groups (control/case, thin 42% vs. 25%, average 42% vs. 38%, thick-17% vs. 38%; P = 0.47).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Defects and loss of muscle bulk in the puborectal muscle are not seen on MRI in women with major LA defects and POP.
authors.affiliation: Pelvic Floor Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, SPC 5276, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: John O L
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: DeLancey
authors.forename: Helle Christina
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lewicky-Gaupp
authors.forename: Tovia M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology*; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000473:pathology*