title: Evaluation of a novel calcium phosphate-coated titanium porous oxide implant surface: a study in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate osseointegration of a novel calcium phosphate (CaP)-coated titanium porous oxide implant surface.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty adult male New Zealand White rabbits were used. Each animal received two titanium porous oxide-surfaced implants (benchmark control: TiUnite, Nobel Biocare) and two novel CaP-coated titanium porous oxide-surfaces implants; they were randomly allocated to contralateral tibia implant sites. The animals were sacrificed after 2 or 4 weeks, and tissues were evaluated histometrically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Healing was generally uneventful. A removal torque analysis showed significantly higher mean (± SE) peak values for the control implants than for the test implants at 2 weeks (31.4 ± 2.5 Ncm versus 20.4 ± 1.8 Ncm) and 4 weeks (48.4 ± 5.5 Ncm versus 30.3 ± 3.9 Ncm). Light microscopy showed no significant differences in local bone density around control and test implants at 2 and 4 weeks (range, 85% to 91% within the thread area and 91% to 95% immediately outside the threads). At 2 weeks, bone-implant contact for control and test implants averaged 81.8% ± 2.8% and 75.7% ± 4.6%, respectively, and at 4 weeks the bone-implant contact values were 79.4% ± 2.8% and 73.5% ± 4.2%, respectively; these differences were not significant. Backscatter scanning electron microscopy also showed no significant differences in local bone density at control and test implants at 2 and 4 weeks (range, 55% to 72% within the thread area and 75% to 81% immediately outside the threads). At 2 weeks, bone-implant contact for control and test implants averaged 66.4% ± 2.9% and 61.5% ± 5.1%, respectively, and at 4 weeks mean values were 60.1% ± 4.2% and 53.3% ± 4.6% (differences not significant).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the novel CaP-coated surface effectively supports osseointegration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Georgia Health Science University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Poulos
authors.forename: Nancy A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Jaebum
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Frederick A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rueggeberg
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schüpbach
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Susin
authors.forename: Ulf M E
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Wikesjö
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery; D014025:Titanium; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium