title: Clock drawing and mini-mental state examination in patients with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the performances of patients with mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the Clock Drawing Test (CDT), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and neuropsychological measures as well as to correlate these measures with outcome assessed by the Extended Glasgow Outcome Score. This study was conducted in an acute care early rehabilitation setting on 102 patients with mild, 30 with moderate, and 30 with severe TBI. Patients with moderate and severe TBI showed more impairment on the CDT compared with those with mild TBI. Similar results were obtained for the MMSE, F ((2,159df)) = 3.789, p = .025. Finally, a receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed that the CDT and the Trail-Making Test-Part B (TMT-B) in combination have the potential for prediction of outcome in a TBI population. In conclusion, this combination of the CDT and the TMT-B seems to be useful for early assessment of TBI patients.
authors.affiliation: Traumatic Brain Injury Program, McGill University Health Center and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. elaine.deguise@muhc.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Guise
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gosselin
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leblanc
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Champoux
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Couturier
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamoureux
authors.forename: Jehane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dagher
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marcoux
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maleki
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feyz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve