title: In vivo evaluation of quantitative MR angiography in a canine carotid artery stenosis model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Large-vessel cerebral blood flow quantification has emerged as a potential predictor of stroke risk. QMRA uses phase-contrast techniques to noninvasively measure vessel flows. To evaluate the in vivo accuracy of QMRA for measuring the effects of progressive arterial stenosis, we compared this technique with invasive flow measurements from a sonographic transit-time flow probe in a canine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sonographic flow probe was implanted around the CCA of hound dogs (n = 4) under general anesthesia. Pulsatile blood flow and arterial pressure were continuously recorded during CCA flow measurements with QMRA. A vascular tourniquet was applied around the CCA to produce progressive stenosis and varying flow rates. Statistical comparisons were made by using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 60 paired CCA flow measurements were compared. Mean blood flows ranged between 21 and 691 mL/min during QMRA acquisition as measured by the flow probe. The correlation coefficients between flow probe and QMRA measurements for mean, maximum, and minimum volume flow rates were 0.99 (P < .0001), 0.98 (P < .0001), and 0.96 (P < .0001), respectively. The overall proportional difference between the 2 techniques was 7.8 ± 1%. Measurements at higher flow rates and in the absence of arterial stenosis had the lowest PD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Noninvasive CCA flow measurements by using QMRA are accurate compared with invasive flow-probe measurements in a canine arterial flow model with stenosis and may be useful for the evaluation of the hemodynamic effects of stenosis caused by cerebrovascular atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calderon-Arnulphi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amin-Hanjani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alaraj
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruland
authors.forename: X J
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Thulborn
authors.forename: F T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Charbel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography