title: Recruited vs. nonrecruited molecular signatures of brown, "brite," and white adipose tissues.
abstract: Mainly from cell culture studies, a series of genes that have been suggested to be characteristic of different types of adipocytes have been identified. Here we have examined gene expression patterns in nine defined adipose depots: interscapular BAT, cervical BAT, axillary BAT, mediastinic BAT, cardiac WAT, inguinal WAT, retroperitoneal WAT, mesenteric WAT, and epididymal WAT. We found that each depot displayed a distinct gene expression fingerprint but that three major types of depots were identifiable: the brown, the brite, and the white. Although differences in gene expression pattern were generally quantitative, some gene markers showed, even in vivo, remarkable depot specificities: Zic1 for the classical BAT depots, Hoxc9 for the brite depots, Hoxc8 for the brite and white in contrast to the brown, and Tcf21 for the white depots. The effect of physiologically induced recruitment of thermogenic function (cold acclimation) on the expression pattern of the genes was quantified; in general, the depot pattern dominated over the recruitment effects. The significance of the gene expression patterns for classifying the depots and for understanding the developmental background of the depots is discussed, as are the possible regulatory functions of the genes.
authors.affiliation: The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius Laboratories F3, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tomas B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Waldén
authors.forename: Ida R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Timmons
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nedergaard
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D021461:Animals, Outbred Strains; D001273:Atmosphere Exposure Chambers; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009928:Organ Specificity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; C489816:Hoxc8 protein, mouse; C065404:Hoxc9 protein, mouse; C112923:Tcf21 protein, mouse; C492122:Zic1 protein, mouse