title: Sodium selenite-induced apoptosis mediated by ROS attack in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells.
abstract: Sodium selenite (Na(2)SeO(3), SSE) is an inorganic Se compound that is widely used in cancer chemoprevention studies. SSE has been shown to have anti-proliferative effects on several types of human cancer cells, but its effect on osteosarcoma cells has thus far not been reported. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of SSE on osteosarcoma cells U2OS was investigated in vitro and found to be higher than on comparable non-cancer cell lines 293 and L6. Treatment with SSE decreased cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner and altered cellular morphology. SSE also inhibited cell viability by inducing apoptosis, as evidenced by the formation of apoptotic bodies, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and accumulation of cells during the advanced phase of apoptosis. SSE-induced apoptosis correlated with the activation of CASP 3, downregulation of BCL-2, and upregulation of P53 and PTEN in U2OS cells. These results indicated that SSE induces apoptosis in U2OS cells mainly through an ROS-mediated caspase pathway. This is the first report to show a possible mechanism of the anti-proliferative effect of SSE for the prevention of osteosarcoma in cell culture models.
authors.affiliation: National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, Bioengineering Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. tchenxj@jnu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Xiao-Jia
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fei-Die
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Hui-Hua
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D053148:Caspase 3; D018038:Sodium Selenite