title: In vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of ellagitannin metabolite urolithin A.
abstract: Urolithin A is a major metabolite produced by rats and humans after consumption of pomegranate juice or pure ellagitannin geraniin. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of urolithin A on carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. The volume of paw edema was reduced at 1h after oral administration of urolithin A. In addition, plasma in treated mice exhibited significant oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) scores with high plasma levels of the unconjugated form at 1h after oral administration of urolithin A. These results indicate strong associations among plasma urolithin A levels, the plasma ORAC scores, and anti-inflammatory effects and may help explain a mechanism by which ellagitannins confer protection against inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishimoto
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Myojin
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatano
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003374:Coumarins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis; D005960:Glucosides; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000378:metabolism; D029561:Lythraceae; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D003374:Coumarins; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005960:Glucosides; D020719:Glucuronides; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; C013515:ellagitannin; C026423:3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one; C024603:Geraniin