title: The administration of food supplemented with cocoa powder during nutritional recovery reduces damage caused by oxidative stress in rat brain.
abstract: Malnutrition contributes to the development of oxidative damage in the central nervous system. The selective administration of nutrients tends to show positive results in individuals who have suffered from malnutrition. To determine the effect of the administration of cocoa powder on the peroxidation of lipids and glutathione level during the nutritional recovery in brain, rats of 21 days old were subjected to a protocol that resembles malnutrition (MN) by feeding them with 60% of the daily food consumption of the control group (WN) and later to nutritional recovery with regular rodent feed (RFR) or added with cocoa (10 g of cocoa powder/kg of regular rodent feed) (CCR). Animals fed with regular rodent food showed significant reduction in brain glutathione: RFR (84.18 ± 6.38 ng/mg protein) vs. CCR (210.61 ± 50.10 ng/mg protein) and WN (186.55 ± 33.18 ng/mg protein), but with similar level to that of MN (92.12 ± 15.60 ng/mg protein). On the contrary, lipid peroxidation in RFR-fed animals increased RFR (1.32 ± 0.2 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue), CCR (0.86 ± 0.07 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue), WN (0.89 ± 0.09 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue), but their thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration is similar to that of MN group (1.50 ± 0.2 μM malondialdehyde/g of tissue). Consumption of cocoa powder as a source of antioxidants favors the restoration of the concentration of glutathione and reduces the damage caused by oxidative stress during nutritional recovery in rat brain.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barragán Mejía
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Calderón Guzmán
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Juárez Olguín
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hernández Martínez
authors.forename: Edna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García Cruz
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morales Ramírez
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Labra Ruiz
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Esquivel Jiménez
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osnaya Brizuela
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: García Álvarez
authors.forename: Esperanza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ontiveros Mendoza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D002099:Cacao / Q000737:chemistry*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005502:Food; D005978:Glutathione / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005978:Glutathione