title: A novel bilayer approach to ventricular septal deformation analysis by speckle tracking imaging in children with right ventricular overload.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate functional differences between the left and right sides of the ventricular septum in children with right ventricular overload.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radial, longitudinal, and circumferential strain on both sides of the ventricular septum were compared using speckle-tracking echocardiography in patients with preoperative atrial septal defects (n = 22), postoperative tetralogy of Fallot (n = 23) and age-matched normal controls (n = 44). The duration between peak strain of the left and right ventricular septum (TLt-Rt) was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Radial and circumferential strain in the control group were significantly higher on the left than the right ventricular septum (41.3 ± 12.8% vs 22.6 ± 6.8% and -28.0 ± 5.4% vs -22.5 ± 4.8%, respectively; P < .0001 for both), whereas longitudinal strain did not significantly differ (-22.0 ± 4.9% and -20.7 ± 5.2%, respectively). TLt-Rt was 52.9 ± 35.6, 33.4 ± 29.0, and 38.7 ± 31.0 msec for radial, longitudinal, and circumferential strain, respectively. Longitudinal and circumferential strain on both sides were significantly increased in patients with atrial septal defects compared with controls (P < .05), although radial strain was similar on both sides. Radial strain on the right side was significantly increased in patients with tetralogy of Fallot compared with controls (P < .05), whereas that on the left side was significantly reduced (P < .001). Longitudinal strain on both sides was significantly decreased (P < .01 and P < .001 for the left and right sides, respectively). In addition, TLt-Rt in patients with tetralogy of Fallot was significantly increased with radial and circumferential deformation (P < .05 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deformation of both sides of the ventricular septum functionally differed. Bilayer analysis of the ventricular septum can help in the evaluation of right ventricular performance under volume and pressure overload.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan. hayabuchi@clin.med.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayabuchi
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kagami
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*