title: Limited overlap between intermediate hyperglycemia as defined by A1C 5.7-6.4%, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared the prevalences and overlap between intermediate hyperglycemia (IH), defined by a hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C) 5.7-6.4%, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Oral glucose tolerance test results and A1C measurements were evaluated as markers of IH in an unselected cohort of 486 nondiabetic adults from Finland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of IH was 34%. Prevalences of isolated A1C 5.7-6.4%, IGT, and IFG were 8.0, 13.2, and 4.5%, respectively. Overlap between these three markers was uncommon. Isolated A1C 5.7-6.4% was associated with a higher BMI compared with isolated IFG and IGT and with a more adverse lipid profile compared with isolated IFG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of isolated IH was high, with limited overlap between the definitions. Differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors were observed among the groups. This study demonstrates that an A1C of 5.7-6.4% detects, in part, different individuals with IH compared with IFG and IGT.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. tuula.saukkonen@oulu.fi
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saukkonen
authors.forename: Henna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cederberg
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jokelainen
authors.forename: Mauri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: Pirjo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Härkönen
authors.forename: Sirkka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rajala
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin