title: Levels of selected persistent organic pollutants in blood from delivering women in seven selected areas of São Paulo State, Brazil.
abstract: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) present in the living environment are thought to have detrimental health effects on the population, with pregnant women and the developing foetus being at highest risk. We report on the levels of selected POPs in maternal blood of 155 delivering women residing in seven regions within the São Paulo State, Brazil. The following selected POPs were measured in the maternal whole blood: 12 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners (IUPAC Nos. 99, 101, 118, 138, 153, 156, 163, 170, 180, 183, 187, 194); dichlordiphenyltrichloroethane p,p'-DDT, diphenyldichloroethylene p,p'-DDE and other pesticides such as hexachlorocyclohexanes (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), chlordane derivatives cis-chlordane, trans-chlordane, oxy-chlordane, cis-nonachlor and trans-nonachlor. Statistical comparisons between regions were performed only on compounds having concentrations above LOD in 70% of the samples. PCB118 congener was found to be highest in the industrial site (mean 4.97 ng/g lipids); PCB138 congener concentration was highest in the Urban 3 site (mean 4.27 ng/g lipids) and congener PCB153 was highest in the industrial and Urban 3 sites with mean concentration of 7.2 ng/g lipids and 5.89ng/g lipids respectively. Large differences in levels of p,p'-DDE between regions were observed with the Urban 3 and industrial sites having the highest concentrations of 645 ng/g lipids and 417 ng/g lipids, respectively; β-HCH was found to be highest in the Rural 1 site; the γ-HCH in Rural 1 and industrial; the HCB in the Rural 1 and industrial sites and oxy-chlordane and t-NC in the Rural 2 sites. An association between levels of some contaminants and maternal age and parity was also found.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Brazil; Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. Electronic address: cirudge@yahoo.com.br.
authors.forename: Cibele V C
authors.initials: CVC
authors.lastname: Rudge
authors.affiliation: Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Torkjel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sandanger
authors.affiliation: South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Health Systems & Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Halina B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Röllin
authors.affiliation: Univ. Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Iracema M P
authors.initials: IMP
authors.lastname: Calderon
authors.affiliation: Univ. Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Volpato
authors.affiliation: Univ. de Campinas, UNICAMP, Brazil.
authors.forename: João L P
authors.initials: JLP
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Univ. São Paulo, USP-Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.affiliation: Hospital and Maternity Leonor Mendes de Barros, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Corintio M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.affiliation: Maternity Vila Nova Cachoeirinha, São Paulo, Brazil; Univ. Federal of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sass
authors.affiliation: Univ. Federal of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mary U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.affiliation: Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
authors.forename: Jon Ø
authors.initials: JØ
authors.lastname: Odland
authors.affiliation: Univ. Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marilza V C
authors.initials: MVC
authors.lastname: Rudge
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D002706:Chlordan / Q000097:blood; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000097:blood; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene / Q000097:blood; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000097:blood; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000097:blood; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D002706:Chlordan; C040534:alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane; C001870:nonachlor; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D006581:Hexachlorobenzene; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C023888:beta-hexachlorocyclohexane