title: The cysteine protease α-clostripain is not essential for the pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens-mediated myonecrosis.
abstract: Clostridium perfringens is the causative agent of clostridial myonecrosis or gas gangrene and produces many different extracellular toxins and enzymes, including the cysteine protease α-clostripain. Mutation of the α-clostripain structural gene, ccp, alters the turnover of secreted extracellular proteins in C. perfringens, but the role of α-clostripain in disease pathogenesis is not known. We insertionally inactivated the ccp gene C. perfringens strain 13 using TargeTron technology, constructing a strain that was no longer proteolytic on skim milk agar. Quantitative protease assays confirmed the absence of extracellular protease activity, which was restored by complementation with the wild-type ccp gene. The role of α-clostripain in virulence was assessed by analysing the isogenic wild-type, mutant and complemented strains in a mouse myonecrosis model. The results showed that although α-clostripain was the major extracellular protease, mutation of the ccp gene did not alter either the progression or the development of disease. These results do not rule out the possibility that this extracellular enzyme may still have a role in the early stages of the disease process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
authors.forename: Anjana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakravorty
authors.forename: Milena M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hiscox
authors.forename: Jackie K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Glen P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Jocelyn M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Dena
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lyras
authors.forename: Julian I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Rood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D003016:Clostridium perfringens / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009336:Necrosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C020452:Clostridium perfringens theta-toxin; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C019913:clostripain