title: Solution-processed MoO₃ thin films as a hole-injection layer for organic solar cells.
abstract: We report on a sol-gel-based technique to fabricate MoO(3) thin films as a hole-injection layer for solution-processed or thermally evaporated organic solar cells. The solution-processed MoO(3) (sMoO(3)) films are demonstrated to have equal performance to hole-injection layers composed of either PEDOT:PSS or thermally evaporated MoO(3) (eMoO(3)), and the annealing temperature at which the sol-gel layer begins to work is consistent with the thermodynamic analysis of the process. Finally, the shelf lifetime of devices made with the sMoO(3) is similar to equivalent devices prepared with a eMoO(3) hole-injection layer.
authors.affiliation: Imec, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Girotto
authors.forename: Eszter
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Voroshazi
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cheyns
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heremans
authors.forename: Barry P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Rand
mesh_terms: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D012993:Solar Energy; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D005782:Gels; D010087:Oxides; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; D012996:Solutions; C121383:poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene); C082290:molybdenum trioxide; C003321:polystyrene sulfonic acid; D008982:Molybdenum