title: Determination of trace bismuth in human serum by cloud point extraction coupled flow injection inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.
abstract: A cloud point extraction method for the preconcentration of ultra-trace bismuth in human serum prior to its determination by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry had been developed in this paper. The cloud point extraction method was based on the complex of Bi(III) with 8-hydroxyquinoline and Triton X-114 was used as non-ionic surfactant. The main factors affecting cloud point extraction efficiency, such as pH of solution, concentration of complexing agent, concentration of non-ionic surfactant, equilibration temperature and time were investigated in detail. An enrichment factor of 81 was obtained for the preconcentration of Bi(III) with 25 mL solution. Under the optimal conditions, the detection limit of Bi(III) is 0.12 μg L(-1). The relative standard deviation (n = 7) of determination was 2.3%, values of recovery of bismuth were from 92.3% to 94.7% for three samples. This method is simple, accurate, sensitive and can be applied to the determination trace bismuth in human serum.
authors.affiliation: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences on Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China. sunmei@ustc.edu.cn
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Qianghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000097:blood*; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D017830:Octoxynol; D015125:Oxyquinoline / Q000494:pharmacology; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014131:Trace Elements; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D015125:Oxyquinoline; D017830:Octoxynol; C010615:Nonidet P-40; D001729:Bismuth