title: Global Postural Re-education: a literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Global Postural Re-education (GPR) method has been widely used in clinical practice, with reported benefits for prevention and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal dysfunctions. In parallel with almost two decades of clinical implementation, research studies have tested and verified the effectiveness of GPR in treating different clinical conditions and have also compared this method with other physical therapy resources. However, few studies focused on the verification of the principles of mechanisms of action defended by the author of the method making the arguments in favor of the method weak.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To perform a critical systematic review of the effects of physical therapy intervention that use the GPR method.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched Medline, SciELO, LILACS and PeDRO, from 2000 to 2010, considering the key words: Global Postural Re-education, global and active stretching.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 25 studies, 13 about GPR and 8 about global and active stretching in addition to three books and a thesis. After analysis, 20 references were included.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some of the studies indicated that the GPR method was more effective than other physical therapy interventions, while others demonstrated similar results of GPR when compared to other physical therapy interventions. Studies showed benefits of the GPR in improving the respiratory muscle strength, chest expansion, maximal respiratory pressure and in reducing pain, loss of urine in incontinent women, increasing flexibility, the electromyographic activity in temporomandibular disorders and postural stability in lower limb orthopedic alterations. Methodological limitations observed suggest the need for greater rigor in future research.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. rteodori@unimep.br
authors.forename: Rosana M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Teodori
authors.forename: Júlia R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: Mônica C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Amélia P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Marques
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D052580:Muscle Stretching Exercises; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011187:Posture