title: Interleukin-10 predicts preterm birth in acculturated Hispanics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Among Hispanics living in the United States, acculturation is associated with an increased risk for preterm birth. Inflammatory pathways are also associated with preterm birth. As such, the current study sought to investigate the potential relationships among preterm birth, acculturation of Hispanic women, and inflammatory markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors performed an observational study on pregnant Hispanic women in Texas at 22-24 weeks' gestation (n = 470). The authors obtained demographic data prenatally as well as birth outcome data from the medical chart after delivery. The authors obtained venous blood and used plasma to assay interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10). The authors used logistic regression to understand whether the presence or the absence of IL-10 levels was related to acculturation and the risk of preterm birth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors observed interactions between undetectable IL-10 levels and years in the United States and undetectable IL-10 levels and being born in the United States in models predicting preterm birth. Follow-up probes of these interactions suggested that when IL-10 was undetectable, preterm birth became more likely as time living in the United States increased, χ(2) = 5.15 (1, 416), p = .020, odds ratio (OR) = 3.17, and was more likely in participants born in the United States than in those born elsewhere, χ(2) = 5.35 (1, 462), p = .020, OR = 16.78. The authors observed no interactions among acculturation, preterm birth, and IL-1RA and IL-6 levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acculturated Hispanics who lack the protective effects of IL-10 experience a markedly higher risk of preterm birth than nonacculturated Hispanics.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, The University of Texas, Austin, USA.
authors.forename: Joel C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wommack
authors.forename: R Jeanne
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: C Nathan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Marti
authors.forename: Raymond P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Stowe
authors.forename: Charles E L
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murphey
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth; D013781:Texas; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10