title: Changes over time in the bacterial communities associated with fluid and food particles and the ruminal parameters in the bovine rumen before and after a dietary change.
abstract: This work aimed to study the changes over time in the bacterial communities associated with the fluid and food particle fractions  of the cow rumen following a change in diet. Four cannulated cows were fed a hay-based diet for 21 days and were then switched to a corn-silage-based diet for 33 days. The bacterial communities were regularly characterized by capillary electrophoresis - single-strand conformation polymorphism (CE-SSCP) and qPCR, and the main ruminal parameters were determined. The dietary change led to slight reductions in the diversity index, bacterial concentration, pH, and NH(3)-N concentration, and to an increase in the redox potential and volatile fatty acid concentrations. CE-SSCP profiles were not significantly affected by the dietary change but did change over time, with frequent fluctuations in both fluid and food particle fractions before and after the dietary change. The food particle fraction had a higher diversity index of bacterial community (+1.2 points, P <  0.001) and slightly more total bacteria than the fluid fraction of the rumen.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1289 TANDEM (Tissus Animaux, Nutrition, Digestion, Ecosystème et métabolisme), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Michelland
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Monteils
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Combes
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cauquil
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gidenne
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fortun-Lamothe
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D002417:Cattle / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012820:Silage; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen