title: Removal of cellular-type hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (hemoglobin-vesicles) from blood using centrifugation and ultrafiltration.
abstract: The hemoglobin-vesicle (HbV) is an artificial oxygen carrier encapsulating a concentrated hemoglobin solution in a phospholipid vesicle (liposome). During or after transporting oxygen, macrophages capture HbVs in the reticuloendothelial system (RES) with an approximate circulation half-life of 3 days. Animal studies show transient splenohepatomegaly after large doses, but HbVs were completely degraded, and the components were excreted in a few weeks. If a blood substitute is used for emergency use until red blood cell transfusion becomes available or for temporary use such as a priming fluid for an extracorporeal circuit, then one option would be to remove HbVs from the circulating blood without waiting a few weeks for removal by the RES. Using a mixture of beagle dog whole blood and HbV, we tested the separation of HbV using a centrifugal Fresenius cell separator and an ultrafiltration system. The cell separator system separated the layers of blood cell components from the HbV-containing plasma layer by centrifugal force, and then the HbV was removed from plasma phase by the ultrafiltration system. The HbVs (250-280 nm) are larger than plasma proteins (< 22 nm diameter) but smaller than blood cell components (> 3 µm). The size of HbVs is advantageous to be separated from the original blood components, and the separated blood components can be returned to circulation.
authors.affiliation: Waseda Bioscience Research Institute in Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sou
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horinouchi
authors.forename: Eishun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsuchida
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001781:Blood Component Removal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002498:Centrifugation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004285:Dogs; D004867:Equipment Design; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes