title: Diabetic hand syndromes as a clinical and diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus patients.
abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia with various complications including diabetic hand syndrome (DHS); a condition characterized by association of distinct entities; limited joint mobility (LJM), Dupuytren's disease (DD), flexor tenosynovitis (FTS) and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of these changes and their association to diabetes duration. We studied 142 type 2 and 45 type 1 DM patients and investigated the presence of these hand changes and peripheral neuropathy (PNP). The prevalence of LJM was 29.4%, DD was 17.6%, FTS was 10.7% and CTS 41.7% in all diabetics. The prevalence of CTS was more in type 2 DM (83.3%) as compared to type 1 DM (24.4%). Age and duration of diabetes were clearly related to these changes. A clear association between these changes and PNP was observed. The prevalence of CTS and hand changes was higher in type 2 diabetics. The association of DD and PNP suggests that common factors could contribute to their pathogenesis. Consequently, clinical examination for diabetic hand should not ignore it.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science University-Amman, Jordan. almatubsi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hisham Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Al-Matubsi
authors.forename: Farqad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hamdan
authors.forename: Othman A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Alhanbali
authors.forename: Ghaleb A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Oriquat
authors.forename: Maher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002349:Carpal Tunnel Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004387:Dupuytren Contracture / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D050823:Hand Joints / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008877:Middle East / Q000453:epidemiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010808:Physical Examination; D015995:Prevalence; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013717:Tenosynovitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors