title: Oscillatory activity in the globus pallidus internus: comparison between Parkinson's disease and dystonia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deep brain stimulation in the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is used to alleviate the motor symptoms of both Parkinson's disease (PD) and dystonia. We tested the hypothesis that PD and dystonia are characterized by different temporal patterns of synchronized oscillations in the GPi, and that the dopaminergic loss in PD makes the basal ganglia more susceptible to oscillatory activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuronal firing and local field potentials (LFPs) were simultaneously recorded from the GPi in four PD patients and seven dystonia patients using two independently driven microelectrodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the PD patients, beta (11-30 Hz) oscillations were observed in the LFPs and the firing activity of ∼30% of the neurons was significantly coherent with the LFP. However, in the dystonia group, the peak frequency of LFP oscillations was lower (8-20 Hz) and there was a significantly smaller proportion of neurons (∼10%) firing in coherence with the LFP (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that synchronization of neuronal firing with LFP oscillations is a more prominent feature in PD than in dystonia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study adds to the growing evidence that dopaminergic loss in PD may increase the sensitivity of the basal ganglia network to rhythmic oscillatory inputs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Moran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weinberger
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Hutchison
authors.forename: Mahan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alavi
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hodaie
authors.forename: Andres M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.forename: Jonathan O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Dostrovsky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001611:Beta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy