title: Mesenteric resistance arteries in type 2 diabetic db/db mice undergo outward remodeling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Resistance vessel remodeling is controlled by myriad of hemodynamic and neurohormonal factors. This study characterized structural and molecular remodeling in mesenteric resistance arteries (MRAs) in diabetic (db/db) and control (Db/db) mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Structural properties were assessed in isolated MRAs from 12 and 16 wk-old db/db and Db/db mice by pressure myography. Matrix regulatory proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. Mean arterial pressure and superior mesenteric blood flow were measured in 12 wk-old mice by telemetry and a Doppler flow nanoprobe, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood pressure was similar between groups. Lumen diameter and medial cross-sectional area were significantly increased in 16 wk-old db/db MRA compared to control, indicating outward hypertrophic remodeling. Moreover, wall stress and cross-sectional compliance were significantly larger in diabetic arteries. These remodeling indices were associated with increased expression of matrix regulatory proteins matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, MMP-12, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, TIMP-2, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in db/db arteries. Finally, superior mesenteric artery blood flow was increased by 46% in 12 wk-old db/db mice, a finding that preceded mesenteric resistance artery remodeling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that flow-induced hemodynamic changes may supersede the local neurohormonal and metabolic milieu to culminate in hypertrophic outward remodeling of type 2 DM mesenteric resistance arteries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America.
authors.forename: Flavia M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Souza-Smith
authors.forename: Paige S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Aaron J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Trask
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.forename: Kurt J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Varner
authors.forename: Dalton V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Vassallo
authors.forename: Pamela A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lucchesi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000473:pathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose