title: Evaluation of the antiviral response to zanamivir administered intravenously for treatment of critically ill patients with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection.
abstract: A retrospective nationwide study on the use of intravenous (IV) zanamivir in patients receiving intensive care who were pretreated with oseltamivir in the Netherlands was performed. In 6 of 13 patients with a sustained reduction of the viral load, the median time to start IV zanamivir was 9 days (range, 4-11 days) compared with 14 days (range, 6-21 days) in 7 patients without viral load reduction (P = .052). Viral load response did not influence mortality. We conclude that IV zanamivir as late add-on therapy has limited effectiveness. The effect of an immediate start with IV zanamivir monotherapy or in combination with other drugs need to be evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. p.fraaij@erasmusmc.n
authors.forename: P L A
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Fraaij
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van der Vries
authors.forename: M F C
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Beersma
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riezebos-Brilman
authors.forename: H G M
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Niesters
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van der Eijk
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reis Miranda
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Horrevorts
authors.forename: B U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Ridwan
authors.forename: M J H M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wolfhagen
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Houmes
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: van Dissel
authors.forename: R A M
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fouchier
authors.forename: A C M
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kroes
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Koopmans
authors.forename: A D M E
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Osterhaus
authors.forename: C A B
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Boucher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016638:Critical Illness; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D053139:Oseltamivir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D053243:Zanamivir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D053139:Oseltamivir; D053243:Zanamivir