title: Genetic variations at the lipoprotein lipase gene influence plasma lipid concentrations and interact with plasma n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids to modulate lipid metabolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether seven common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) locus interact with total plasma fatty acids to modulate plasma lipid metabolism in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma fatty acid composition, plasma lipid concentrations and LPL SNPs were determined in 452 subjects with the MetS in the European LIPGENE human study and were repeated in 1754 subjects from the LIPGENE-SU.VI.MAX Study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Triglycerides (TG) were lower, and HDL higher in the carriers of rs328 and rs1059611 in the SUVIMAX cohort (all P<0.001), and these findings showed a similar, non-significant trend in LIPGENE cohort. In this last cohort, we found a gene-fatty acids interaction, as the carriers of the minor allele displayed a lower fasting TG and triglyceride rich lipoproteins-TG (TRL-TG) concentrations only when they had n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids below the median (all P<0.05). Moreover, subjects carrying the minor allele for rs328 SNP and with a low level of n-6 PUFA displayed higher nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) plasma concentrations as compared with homozygous for the major allele (P=0.034). Interestingly, the n-6 PUFA-dependent associations between those SNPs and TG metabolism were also replicated in subjects without MetS from the SU.VI.MAX cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two genetic variations at the LPL gene (rs328 and rs1059611) influence plasma lipid concentrations and interact with plasma n-6 PUFA to modulate lipid metabolism. The knowledge of new genetic factors together with the understanding of these gene-nutrient interactions could help to a better knowledge of the pathogenesis in the MetS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. angarios2004@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Rios
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Martinez
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Jane F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: Ingrid M F
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Gjelstad
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Brita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karlström
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kieć-Wilk
authors.forename: Ellen E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Blaak
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lairon
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Planells
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malczewska-Malec
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Defoort
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Riserus
authors.forename: Wim H M
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Saris
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lovegrove
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Drevon
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Miranda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005060:Europe; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000235:genetics*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase