title: Ischemic preconditioning-like effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diet on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate a possible preconditioning effect of oral diet enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar male rats were fed a standard diet or polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diet (PRD) enriched with (GII) or without (GIII) ω-3 PUFA. Rats were submitted to partial liver ischemia during 1 h and evaluated in pre- and post-I/R conditions. In pre-I/R condition, livers were collected for determination of fatty acid composition, liver mitochondrial function, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and histological analysis. Four hours after liver reperfusion serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, and prostaglandin-E2, liver mitochondrial function, MDA content, and histology were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the pre-I/R condition, GII and GIII groups had an increase on PUFA content and exhibited slight increased macrosteatosis and microsteatosis in the liver. After 4 h of reperfusion, PRD-fed rats showed a marked decrease on steatosis, diminished necrosis, an increase in MDA formation, and mitochondrial uncoupling. We also observed a marked decrease in plasma levels of cytokines and ALT and AST activities in post-I/R condition in PRD groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this experimental model in the rat, PRD has a preconditioning effect protecting the liver from I/R injury and should be object of future clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. amcoelho@usp.br
authors.forename: Ana Maria Mendonça
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Marcel Cerqueira Cesar
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Hilton Kenji
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Sandra N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Sampietre
authors.forename: José Tadeu
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Stefano
authors.forename: Andre Zonetti A
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Curi
authors.forename: Luiz A Carneiro
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: D'Albuquerque
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D018836:Inflammation Mediators