title: Nonlinear effects at high flux-flow electric fields.
abstract: Ohm's law with the linear relation between resistive voltage and electric current is strictly valid only in the limit of infinitesimally small voltages. On the other hand, at finite electric voltages nonlinearities in the electric resistance can develop due to the energy picked up by the charge carriers in the electric field. This can lead to important effects both in the case of semiconductors and of superconductors, where the energy rise of the charge carriers or the quasiparticles can become relatively large. In this paper we limit our discussion to the flux-flow voltage in the mixed state of a type-II superconductor. At sufficiently low temperatures the energy dependence of the quasiparticle density of states and, hence, of the quasiparticle scattering rate can cause distinct nonlinear effects in the flux-flow resistance. The recent advances in thin-film sample preparation provided new opportunities for observing nonlinear effects of the latter kind.
authors.affiliation: Physikalisches Institut, Universität Tübingen, Morgenstelle14, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Huebener