title: The long-term effect of group living homes versus regular nursing homes for people with dementia on psychological distress of informal caregivers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this follow-up study, the long-term influence of group living homes (GLHs) on informal caregiver distress was compared with modern yet regular nursing homes (NHs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Informal caregivers of GLH (N = 37) and NH residents (N = 49) were studied at the time of admission, 6 months thereafter, and approximately 24 months after admission. Repeated measures of ANOVA were performed to study group-by-time effects on psychopathology, role overload, and feelings of competence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All outcomes of psychological distress in GLH caregivers showed significantly greater decline compared with NH caregivers during the first six months after admission. The course of psychological distress stabilized in both caregiver groups after six months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GLHs may have played a role in reducing caregiver burden during the first six months after the nursing home admission of the care recipient. The stabilization of caregivers' psychological distress between T1 and T2 may indicate that there is no further room for improvement in the GLH and NH groups after six months. The implication would be that both GLHs and NHs succeeded in keeping caregivers' distress relatively low over the long term. More knowledge is needed on whether and how caregivers' psychological distress after institutionalization of the care recipient can be reduced to a greater extent.
authors.affiliation: Program on Aging, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands. dsmit@trimbos.nl
authors.forename: Dieneke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: te Boekhorst
authors.forename: Jacomine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.forename: Marja F I A
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Depla
authors.forename: Jan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Eefsting
authors.forename: Anne Margriet
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pot
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pot
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016352:Group Homes; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D009735:Nursing Homes; D011788:Quality of Life; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013995:Time