title: Nanoscaffold matrices for size-controlled, pulsatile transdermal testosterone delivery: nanosize effects on the time dimension.
abstract: Pulsatile transdermal testosterone (T) has applications in hormone supplementation and male contraception. Pulsatile T delivery was achieved by assembling crystalline and nanoparticulate T in nucleation-inhibiting polymer matrices of controlled porosity. Different interference patterns observed from various polymeric films containing T were due to the various particle sizes of T present in the polymer matrices. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the size and shape of T crystals. Skin-adherent films containing T nanoparticles of any size between 10-500 nm could be prepared using pharmaceutically acceptable vinylic polymers. Drug release and skin permeation profiles were studied. The dissolution-diffusion behavior of nanoparticles differed from crystalline and molecular states. Nanosize may thus be used to engineer chronopharmacologically relevant drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutics Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Chattar Manzil Palace, Lucknow, 226001, India.
authors.forename: Ritu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Shailesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tondwal
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Venkatesh
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Misra