title: Class 5 transmembrane semaphorins control selective Mammalian retinal lamination and function.
abstract: In the vertebrate retina, neurites from distinct neuronal cell types are constrained within the plexiform layers, allowing for establishment of retinal lamination. However, the mechanisms by which retinal neurites are segregated within the inner or outer plexiform layers are not known. We find that the transmembrane semaphorins Sema5A and Sema5B constrain neurites from multiple retinal neuron subtypes within the inner plexiform layer (IPL). In Sema5A⁻/⁻; Sema5B⁻/⁻ mice, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and amacrine and bipolar cells exhibit severe defects leading to neurite mistargeting into the outer portions of the retina. These targeting abnormalities are more prominent in the outer (OFF) layers of the IPL and result in functional defects in select RGC response properties. Sema5A and Sema5B inhibit retinal neurite outgrowth through PlexinA1 and PlexinA3 receptors both in vitro and in vivo. These findings define a set of ligands and receptors required for the establishment of inner retinal lamination and function.
authors.affiliation: The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Ryota L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Onanong
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chivatakarn
authors.forename: Tudor C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Badea
authors.forename: Ivy S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Samuels
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cahill
authors.forename: Kei-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Sumit R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Fumikazu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suto
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chédotal
authors.forename: Neal S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Peachey
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nathans
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Roman J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Giger
authors.forename: Alex L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Kolodkin
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003712:Dendrites / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016501:Neurites / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012160:Retina / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D039961:Semaphorins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C492114:Plxna1 protein, mouse; C492112:Plxna3 protein, mouse; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C103150:Sema4d protein, mouse; C103619:Sema5A protein, mouse; D039961:Semaphorins