title: Depressive symptoms as a risk factor for the common cold among employees: a 4-month follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between symptoms of depression in workers and the common cold.
  
  
  METHODS
  A follow-up survey of workers at 44 small- to medium-sized companies was conducted; 1350 questionnaires were used in the final analysis. The first survey requested information regarding personal information, work characteristics and symptoms of depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale); the second survey queried participants who answered the first survey about manifestations of the common cold during the previous four months. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a logistic regression model, which was adjusted for potential confounders. All analyses were stratified according to gender separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ORs for reporting symptoms of the common cold were 1.36 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.83) and 2.27 (95% CI: 1.49-3.45) in males and females, respectively. When adjusted for age, marital status, educational level, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exercise, sleep duration and job type, the ORs remained significant for both genders (male: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.01-1.89; female: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.32-3.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of self-reported manifestations of the common cold was higher in workers who reported symptoms of depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University, Nam-Gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hwan-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Shin-Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Leem
authors.forename: Dal-Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Sang-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003139:Common Cold / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult