title: Italian guidelines for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of invasive fungal infections in solid organ transplant recipients.
abstract: Use of various induction regimens, of novel immunosuppressive agents, and of newer prophylactic strategies continues to change the pattern of infections among solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Although invasive fungal infections (IFIs) occur at a lower incidence than bacterial and viral infections in this population, they remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In March 2008, a panel of Italian experts on fungal infections and organ transplantation convened in Castel Gandolfo (Rome) to develop consensus guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of IFIs among SOT recipients. We discussed the definitions, microbiological and radiological diagnoses, prophylaxis, empirical treatment, and therapy of established disease. Throughout the consensus document, recommendations as clinical guidelines were rated according to the standard scoring system of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the United Stated Public Health Service.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. paolo.grossi@uninsubria.it
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Grossi
authors.forename: D Dalla
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Gasperina
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barchiesi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biancofiore
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carafiello
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Gasperi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sganga
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichetti
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Montagna
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pea
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venditti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viale
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Viscoli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanni Costa
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003245:Consensus Statements as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007558:Italy; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents