title: The effects of intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine on early renal function after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) may interfere with renal function because of continuous fluid irrigation and compression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine on renal function in patients undergoing PCNL.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 40 patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years who underwent PCNL. After induction of anesthesia, we administered 100 ml of normal saline to the patients in the control group (n=20) and 1 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine in 100 ml of normal saline to the patients in the dexmedetomidine group (n=20) over 10 min. Throughout the surgery, 1 mcg/kg/h dexmedetomidine and 1 ml/kg/h normal saline infusions were given to the dexmedetomidine and control groups, respectively. Renal function, electrolytes, serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C were analyzed after induction and post-operatively at 2, 8 and 24 h. Renin levels and blood gas analyses were performed after induction and before extubation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to renal function, creatinine clearance (CrCl), NGAL, cystatin C and serum electrolyte levels at 0, 2, 8 and 24 h post-operatively. End-surgery renin levels in the dexmedetomidine group were significantly lower than the baseline levels in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In PCNL, an intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine was not found to have beneficial effects on CrCl, NGAL or cystatin C levels early after the procedure; however, it reduced renin levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey. adnanbayram@erciyes.edu.tr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esmaoglu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baskol
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aksu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bicer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demirtas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mutluay
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boyaci
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000293:Adolescent; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000601:surgery; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D055316:Cystatin C; D006728:Hormones; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D003404:Creatinine