title: Association of methamidophos and sleep loss on reproductive toxicity of male mice.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of organophosphate exposure on the male reproductive system of mice submitted to chronic sleep loss condition. Adult Swiss mice were distributed into 4 groups: control; methamidophos (MTP); sleep restriction (SR); and MTP+SR. The dose of methamidophos was 0.002 mgkg(-1)day(-1) (half of the Acceptable Daily Intake). Sleep restriction condition was 21 h day(-1) during 15 days. In relation to control group, MTP treatment induced a significant reduction of 12% on morphologically normal spermatozoa in both MTP and MTP+SR groups. In addition, the absolute and relative weights of the seminal vesicles were decreased (MTP, -34%; MTP+SR, -45%). Epididymal fat was reduced in SR groups (SR, -64%; MTP+SR, -58%). Plasma testosterone levels were significantly decreased in MTP and SR groups, and progesterone levels were increased 8 times in MTP+SR in comparison with the control group. The corticosterone levels were unaffected by MTP or SR conditions. Thus, low dose MTP exposure resulted in deleterious effects on the male reproductive system. Sleep loss associated with MTP potentiated the effect on steroidogenesis, mainly in terms of progesterone levels.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: Walter Dias
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Júnior
authors.forename: Loraine S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Luciana R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Jesus
authors.forename: Greice D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Marcos F O
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tufik
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazaro-Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D004822:Epididymis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012892:Sleep Deprivation; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; C014655:methamidophos; D003345:Corticosterone