title: Insole-pressure distribution for normal children in different age groups.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In measuring plantar pressures during gait, earlier methods have used a platform system that does not take into account the interactions feet have with orthotics and shoe wearing. The purpose of the study was to provide normal insole plantar pressure parameter data during stance phase using the Pedar pressure insole system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine normal children, age 6 to 16 years, were recruited and walked along the 25 m walkway at self-selected speeds. Patients were divided into 2 separate groups for statistical analysis--juniors (< 12 y old) and teenagers (> 13 y old). The pressure map was divided into 8 regions (masks) determined by anatomic landmarks and a total of 7 pressure parameters were analyzed of each mask.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not detect significant differences in foot pressures between juniors and teenagers when regarding sex, or left and right feet for 7 parameters measured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This normative data will provide a basis with which to more accurately assess pediatric pathologic foot deformities and to distinguish dynamic foot deformities from anatomic foot deformities. THE LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA. xcliu@mcw.edu
authors.forename: Xue-Cheng
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Thometz
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Curtin
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tarima
authors.forename: Channing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tassone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011312:Pressure; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*