title: Association of TAP 1 and 2 gene polymorphisms with human immunodeficiency virus-tuberculosis co-infection.
abstract: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I binding peptides are carried from cytosol to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP), an integral ER membrane protein composed of two subunits, TAP1 and TAP2. Polymorphism in TAP genes may influence these proteins further affecting the antigen peptide presentation, indirectly resulting in the viral escape mechanism from cell-mediated immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Our aim was to study the influence of these polymorphism in study groups with HIV-tuberculosis (TB) (n = 110), TB (n = 105), and HIV (n = 130) compared with healthy controls (n = 183), using the tetraprimer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-polymerase chain reaction method. Our results demonstrated that the GG genotype at TAP1 position 333 and GA genotype at TAP1 position 637 were positively associated with HIV-TB co-infection and these genotypes may act as a risk factor for developing TB co-infection in HIV-positive individuals.
authors.affiliation: LEPRA India-Blue Peter Public Health & Research Centre, Cherlapally, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Sharada Ramaseri
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sunder
authors.forename: Surekha Rani
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hanumanth
authors.forename: Sumanlatha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaddam
authors.forename: Subbanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jonnalagada
authors.forename: Vijaya Lakshmi
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Valluri
mesh_terms: D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D060085:Coinfection; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; C073119:TAP1 protein, human; C071692:TAP2 protein, human