title: Prevalence of self-reported double incontinence in the urban population of a Brazilian city.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence, and sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with combined fecal and urinary incontinence in adults living in Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  This epidemiological study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo School of Nursing. The participants were selected using a stratified cluster sampling design. The final sample consisted of 519 individuals, randomly selected, aged ≥18 years, living in 341 households in the urban area. Prevalence was adjusted for age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total prevalence of double incontinence was 3.0% (men 1.0%; women 5.0%). The results of the final logistic regression model showed that changes in the habit of going out (odds ratio = 62.2; P < 0.001), duration of incontinence (odds ratio = 39.2; P < 0.001), female gender (odds ratio = 21.6; P < 0.001), and widowhood (odds ratio = 19.4; P < 0.001) were associated with the presence of double incontinence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study allowed a better understanding of the epidemiology of double incontinence and may contribute to the development of public policies and programs for primary and secondary prevention and treatment of double incontinence, at least at the municipal level.
authors.affiliation: Enterostomal Therapy Outpatient Clinic, Pouso Alegre City Public Health Department, Pouso Alegre, Brazil. claudiasantos8@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Claudia Regina de Souza
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Vera Lúcia Conceição de Gouveia
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult