title: Prophylactic treatment with telmisartan induces tissue-specific gene modulation favoring normal glucose homeostasis in Cohen-Rosenthal diabetic hypertensive rats.
abstract: The objectives were to assess the potential of long-term prophylactic administration of telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist and a partial peroxisome proliferator activator receptor (PPAR)γ agonist, in preventing the development of hypertension and hyperglycemia and to demonstrate the alteration in gene expression associated with the development of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in Cohen-Rosenthal diabetic hypertensive rat, a unique model of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbidity. Cohen-Rosenthal diabetic hypertensive rats were continuously treated with telmisartan (3 mg/[kg d]) starting at age 6 to 8 weeks before developing hypertension or diabetes. Weight changes, blood pressure, blood insulin, adiponectin, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were monitored. Fat, liver, and muscle messenger RNAs were examined for the expression of genes potentially involved in the onset of insulin resistance. In addition to the expected antihypertensive effect of prophylactic telmisartan, diabetes was blunted, evidenced at the end of the study by a significantly lower glucose level. This was accompanied by improved glucose tolerance, increased sensitivity to insulin, reduction in fasting insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment index, as well as an increase in serum adiponectin. Telmisartan also prevented the increase in serum triglycerides and the associated appearance of lipid droplets in the liver. Diabetes induced tissue-specific changes in messenger RNAs expression of the following selected genes, which were restored by telmisartan treatment: PPARγ, PPARδ, PPARγ coactivator 1α, adiponectin, adiponectin receptor 1, adiponectin receptor 2, phosphotyrosine binding domain and a pleckstrin homology domain-containing adaptor protein, adenosine monophosphate kinase, and glucose translocator 4. Telmisartan blunted the development of hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetes in prediabetic Cohen-Rosenthal diabetic hypertensive rats through pleiotropic activity, involving specific gene regulation of target organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hypertension Research Unit, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Firas
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Younis
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oron
authors.forename: Rona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Limor
authors.forename: Naftali
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: Talma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001565:Benzoates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D000077333:Telmisartan; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001565:Benzoates; D001786:Blood Glucose; D000077333:Telmisartan