title: Use of topical antibiotics as prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Topical antibiotics are not indicated for routine postoperative care in clean dermatologic procedures, but may be widely used.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to describe topical antibiotic use in clean dermatologic surgical procedures in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 1993 to 2007 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey database was queried for visits in which clean dermatologic surgery was performed. We analyzed provider specialty, use of topical antibiotics, and associated diagnoses. Use of topical antibiotic over time was analyzed by linear regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An estimated 212 million clean dermatologic procedures were performed between 1993 and 2007; topical antibiotics were reported in approximately 10.6 million (5.0%) procedures. Dermatologists were responsible for 63.3% of dermatologic surgery procedures and reported use of topical antibiotic prophylaxis in 8.0 million (6.0%). Dermatologists were more likely to use topical antibiotic prophylaxis than nondermatologists (6.0% vs 3.5%). Use of topical antibiotic prophylaxis decreased over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data were limited to outpatient procedures. The assumption was made that when topical antibiotics were documented at procedure visits they were being used as prophylaxis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topical antibiotics continue to be used as prophylaxis in clean dermatologic procedures, despite being ineffective for this purpose and posing a risk to patients. Although topical antibiotic use is decreasing, prophylactic use should be eliminated.
authors.affiliation: Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1071, USA. mlevende@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Levender
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Shawn G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kwatra
authors.forename: Phillip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Williford
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001458:Bandages / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003880:Dermatology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019538:Health Care Surveys / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents