title: Lamivudine plus adefovir is a good option for chronic hepatitis B patients with viral relapse after cessation of lamivudine treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Currently, there is no consensus on the retreatment recommendation of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with viral rebound after cessation of treatment. In the search of reasonable treatment, we compared the efficacy and safety of adefovir (ADV) plus lamivudine (LAM) and LAM alone for the retreatment of patients with viral relapse but without genotypic resistance after cessation of LAM.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective controlled study, and a total of 53 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients with viral rebound but without resistance were received either LAM plus ADV or LAM alone treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 1-year treatment, more patients who received LAM plus ADV than those who received LAM alone had ALT normalization (84% versus 53.6%, P = 0.018) or HBV DNA levels below 1000 copies/mL (80% versus 42.9%, P < 0.006). Seven patients receiving LAM plus ADV had HBeAg seroconversion, as compared with 0 in patients receiving ALM alone (28% versus 0%, P = 0.003). During 1-year retreatment, five patients receiving LAM alone had virological breakthrough and all of them had LAM resistance strains (rtM204V/I), while no LAM- or ADV- associated resistance strains were detected in patients receiving LAM plus ADV. All patients receiving LAM plus ADV were well tolerated, and no serious side effects were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients treated with LAM plus ADV exhibited significantly greater virological, biochemical and serological responses compared with LAM alone. These data suggested that combination of LAM plus ADV would be a good option for the retreatment of CHB patients with viral relapse after cessation of LAM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestion, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wei-Zheng
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Ming-De
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D028761:Withholding Treatment
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D019259:Lamivudine; C053001:adefovir; D000225:Adenine