title: Enhanced intestinal absorption of daidzein by borneol/menthol eutectic mixture and microemulsion.
abstract: In the present study, the effect of a borneol/menthol eutectic mixture (25:75) and microemulsion on the absorption of daidzein in rat intestinal membrane was evaluated. The microemulsion formulation was composed of ethyl oleate (oil), Cremophor RH40 (surfactant), PEG400 (co-surfactant), and water. The borneol/menthol eutectic mixture and its microemulsion were found to enhance the intestinal absorption of daidzein in vitro. A diffusion chamber system with isolated rat intestinal membranes was used. In contrast, verapamil (0.3 mM), a typical P-glycoprotein inhibitor, showed no effect on the absorption of daidzein by this system. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted in rats. After oral administration of daidzein at a dose of 10 mg/kg in the form of either borneol/menthol eutectic mixtures or suspension, the relative bioavailability of borneol/menthol eutectic mixtures and microemulsion was enhanced by about 1.5- and 3.65-fold, respectively, compared with a daidzein suspension. In conclusion, a borneol/menthol eutectic mixture can enhance the absorption of daidzein, although the mechanism of absorption enhancement is still unclear.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, People's Republic of China. qshen@sjtu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wenji
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xinyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D001892:Camphanes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004655:Emulsions; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects*; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012995:Solubility; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D001892:Camphanes; D004655:Emulsions; D007529:Isoflavones; D009821:Oils; D009829:Oleic Acids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; C022131:cremophor; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C004742:daidzein; D014700:Verapamil; C022871:isoborneol; D000432:Methanol; C033180:ethyl oleate