title: Hierarchical cooperativity mediated by chromatin remodeling; the model of the MMTV transcription regulation.
abstract: Chromatin remodeling machineries are abundant and diverse in eukaryotic cells but their importance in gene expression remains unclear. Although the influence of nucleosome position on the regulation of gene expression is generally envisioned under the equilibrium perspective, it is proposed that given the ATP-dependence of chromatin remodeling enzymes, certain mechanisms necessitate non-equilibrium treatments. In particular, examination of the celebrated chromatin remodeling system of the mouse mammary tumor virus, in which the binding of transcription factors opens the way to other ones, reveals that breaking equilibrium offers a subtle mode of transcription factor cooperativity, avoids molecular trapping phenomena and allows to reconcile previously conflicting experimental data. The mechanism proposed here provides a control lever of promoter sensitivity and responsiveness, increasing the discernment of gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Université de Rennes1, Irset. Molecular and Cellular Interactions UMR6026, IFR140 GFAS, Bât. 13, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France. denis.michel@live.fr
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Michel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000235:genetics*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks / Q000235:genetics; D008324:Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008957:Models, Genetic; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D009707:Nucleosomes; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D014157:Transcription Factors