title: Biocompatible polymeric micelles with polysorbate 80 for use in brain targeting.
abstract: In this paper, the synthesis and characterization of novel amphiphilic graft copolymers based on an α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-D,L-aspartamide (PHEA) backbone and D,L-polylactic acid (PLA) hydrophobic side chains are reported. These copolymers were obtained starting from PHEA-ethylenediamine (PHEA-EDA), which was functionalized with polysorbate 80 (PS(80)) and/or PLA in order to obtain the PHEA-EDA-PS(80)-PLA and PHEA-EDA-PLA samples, respectively. The degrees of derivatization, DD(PS80) and DD(PLA), of PHEA-EDA-PS(80)-PLA, calculated by (1)H-NMR, resulted in being 1.2 ± 0.03 mol% and 0.54 ± 0.05 mol%, respectively, while that of PHEA-EDA-PLA was found to be 0.60 ± 0.05 mol%. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis confirmed the occurrence of derivatization, the molecular weight values being close to the theoretical ones. Polymeric micelles from PHEA-EDA-PLA and PHEA-EDA-PS(80)-PLA copolymers were obtained by using the dialysis method and were characterized in terms of mean size, zeta potential, critical aggregation concentration (CAC), and surface composition by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, which demonstrated the presence of PS(80) onto the PHEA-EDA-PS(80)-PLA micelle surface. In vitro experiments demonstrated that these systems had no cytotoxic effects on 16 HBE, Caco2, HuDe and K562 cell lines, and no haemolytic activity. Moreover, both PHEA-EDA-PS(80)-PLA and PHEA-EDA-PLA micelles were able to penetrate into Neuro2a cells and, in the case of PS(80) decorated micelles, to escape from phagocytosis by the J774 A1 macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi, 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Craparo
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ognibene
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Casaletto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pitarresi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Teresi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giammona