title: Bending and bundling of metal-free vertically aligned ZnO nanowires due to electrostatic interaction.
abstract: Bending and bundling was observed from vertically aligned arrays of ZnO nanowires with flat (0001) top surfaces, which were synthesized using a vapor-phase method without metal catalysts. Sufficient evidence was found to exclude electron-beam bombardment during scanning electron microscopy as a cause for bending and bundling. We attribute the bending and bundling to electrostatic interactions due to charged (0001) polar surfaces, and also discussed the threshold surface charge densities for the bending and bundling based on a simple cantilever-bending model. Some growth features were indicative of the operation of electrostatic interactions during the growth.
authors.affiliation: Division of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinzhang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Soonil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyungmoon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Ji-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ken Ha
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Koh