title: Fructosamine reference ranges in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
abstract: Naturally occurring diabetes mellitus (DM) is common in several species of Old and New World nonhuman primates. Fructosamine values provide important information about recent glycemic control and can be useful in the diagnosis and management of DM. However, despite an abundance of reports in the literature describing spontaneous and induced DM in monkeys, few reference ranges are available for fructosamine. Reference ranges have been published for woolly monkeys (Lagothrix lagotricha), cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), and stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides) but currently are not available for rhesus macaques. At our institution, DM is a common diagnosis in aging rhesus macaques. Here we report a reference range for fructosamine in rhesus macaques. The overall range was 157 to 230 μmol/L, with male rhesus and macaques 10 y or older having significantly higher values than do female rhesus and macaques younger than 10 y, respectively. This range provides clinical veterinarians with an additional tool for evaluating glycemic control in rhesus macaques.
authors.affiliation: The Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. mwilliamsfritze@georgiahealth.edu
authors.forename: Misty J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Williams-Fritze
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zelterman
authors.forename: Jodi A Carlson
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Scholz
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine / Q000097:blood*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D019270:Fructosamine