title: Improved assessment of control in intermittent exotropia using multiple measures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate an improved measure of control in intermittent exotropia (XT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, noninterventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve children with intermittent XT were evaluated during 4 sessions (2 hours apart) over a day, on 2 separate days (8 sessions per child). Control was standardized using a scoring system and quantified 3 times during each examination. Overall control for a day was calculated as the mean of all 12 measures. Single measures of control and the mean of 2 (double) and 3 (triple) measures over the examination were compared with the respective day mean, and first-day measures were compared to the second-day mean.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At distance, 17% (49/287, 95% confidence interval [CI] 13% to 22%) of single measures differed from the day mean, whereas only 8% (16/191, 95 CI 5% to 13%) of double measures and 5% (5/95, 95% CI 2% to 12%) of triple measures differed. Comparing day 1 measures to overall mean for day 2, 17% (24/143, 95% CI 11% to 24%) of single measures and 17% (22/130, 95% CI 11% to 24%) of double measures differed by more than 1 level, whereas 11% (5/47, 95% CI 4% to 23%) of triple measures differed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mean of 3 assessments of control during a clinic examination better represents overall control than a single measure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hatt
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liebermann
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Leske
authors.forename: Brian G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Mohney
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005099:Exotropia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology