title: Simulated medication therapy management activities in a pharmacotherapy laboratory course.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the impact of medication therapy management (MTM) learning activities on students' confidence and intention to provide MTM using the Theory of Planned Behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  An MTM curriculum combining lecture instruction and active-learning strategies was incorporated into a required pharmacotherapy laboratory course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A validated survey instrument was developed to evaluate student confidence and intent to engage in MTM services using the domains comprising the Theory of Planned Behavior. Confidence scores improved significantly from baseline for all items (p < 0.00), including identification of billable services, documentation, and electronic billing. Mean scores improved significantly for all Theory of Planned Behavior items within the constructs of perceived behavioral control and subjective norms (p < 0.05). At baseline, 42% of students agreed or strongly agreed that they had knowledge and skills to provide MTM. This percentage increased to 82% following completion of the laboratory activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementation of simulated MTM activities in a pharmacotherapy laboratory significantly increased knowledge scores, confidence measures, and scores on Theory of Planned Behavior constructs related to perceived behavioral control and subjective norms. Despite these improvements, intention to engage in future MTM services remained unchanged.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy, USA. cgallimore@pharmacy.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Casey E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gallimore
authors.forename: Joshua M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thorpe
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trapskin
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003625:Data Collection; D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000379:methods*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054539:Medication Therapy Management / Q000193:education*; D018794:Problem-Based Learning; D011582:Psychological Theory; D013339:Students, Pharmacy / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult