title: Immune intervention with T regulatory cells: past lessons and future perspectives for type 1 diabetes.
abstract: In type 1 diabetes (T1D), insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells are attacked and destroyed by the immune system. Although man-made insulin is life-saving, it is not a cure and it cannot prevent long-term complications. In addition, most T1D patients would do almost anything to achieve release from the burden of daily glucose monitoring and insulin injection. Despite the formation of very large and promising clinical trials, a means to prevent/cure T1D in humans remains elusive. This has led to an increasing interest in the possibility of using T cells with regulatory properties (Treg cells) as a biological therapy to preserve and restore tolerance to self-antigens. In the present review we will attempt to consolidate learning from the past and to describe what we now believe could in the future become a successful Treg-cell based immune intervention in T1D.
authors.affiliation: San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy. manuela.battaglia@hsr.it
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: Maria-Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Roncarolo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D017634:Self Tolerance; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*