title: Incorporation of innate immune effector mechanisms in the formulation of a vaccine against HIV-1.
abstract: The realization of a major role for events that occur during acute viremia that dictate the course of disease both in HIV-1 infected humans and susceptible SIV infected non-human primates has prompted an intense interest in studies of the contribution of innate immune effector mechanisms. It is reasoned that findings from such studies may be important and need to be incorporated into the design and formulation of potential candidate vaccines against HIV-1. This review serves to outline the various non-human primate models that can best serve to address this issue, a summary of our knowledge on the various subsets of NK cells (one of the major innate immune cell lineage) that have an impact on the course of disease, the potential pathways that regulate their function and the potential role of the KIRs on SIV-induced disease course. Finally, the major points from this report and the data presented on similar subjects by other investigators is utilized to provide a summary of the potential future directions that we need to take in efforts to move this field forward.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. pathaaa@emory.edu
authors.forename: Aftab A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Mayne
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kovit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pattanapanyasat
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000276:immunology; D054340:Receptors, KIR / Q000276:immunology*; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000276:immunology; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015703:Antigens, CD; D006680:HLA Antigens; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition