title: Analytic image concept combined to SENSE reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Two approaches of reconstructing undersampled partial k-space data, acquired with multiple coils are compared: homodyne detection combined with SENSE (HM_SENSE) and analytic image reconstruction combined with SENSE (AI_SENSE). The latter overcomes limitations of HM_ SENSE by considering aliased images as analytic thus avoiding the need for phase correction required for HM_SENSE.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo imaging experiments were carried out in male Lewis rats using both gradient echo and spin echo sequences. Accelerated images obtained by using the various reconstruction algorithms were compared to fully sampled reference images both qualitatively and quantitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the various sampling patterns evaluated, both HM_SENSE and AI_SENSE were found to yield robust image reconstruction with small deviations from the reference image. Even for high acceleration factors AI_SENSE still provided useful results and was found superior compared to HM_SENSE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination of partial k-space sampling and parallel image acquisition allows for further acceleration of data acquisition as compared to each method alone. Image reconstruction from undersampled data sets using the AI_SENSE algorithm was found to considerably reduce reconstruction errors and artifacts observed for HM_SENSE reconstruction caused by errors in phase estimation.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, AIC-ETH, HIT E22, Wolfgang Pauli-Strasse 27, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland. joad24@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yankam Njiwa
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baltes
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rudin
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012984:Software