title: Growth mechanism and magnon excitation in NiO nanowalls.
abstract: The nanosized effects of short-range multimagnon excitation behavior and short-circuit diffusion in NiO nanowalls synthesized using the Ni grid thermal treatment method were observed. The energy dispersive spectroscopy mapping technique was used to characterize the growth mechanism, and confocal Raman scattering was used to probe the antiferromagnetic exchange energy J2 between next-nearest-neighboring Ni ions in NiO nanowalls at various growth temperatures below the Neel temperature. This study shows that short spin correlation leads to an exponential dependence of the growth temperatures and the existence of nickel vacancies during the magnon excitation. Four-magnon configurations were determined from the scattering factor, revealing a lowest state and monotonic change with the growth temperature.PACS: 75.47.Lx; 61.82.Rx; 75.50.Tt; 74.25.nd; 72.10.Di.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan. sywu@mail.ndhu.edu.tw.
authors.forename: Ashish Chhaganla
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Chih-Yeh
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chun Chuen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ting Shan
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Chia-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yuan-Ron
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Sheng Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wu