title: Parental views on informed consent for expanded newborn screening.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An increasing array of rare inherited conditions can be detected as part of the universal newborn screening programme. The introduction and evaluation of these service developments require consideration of the ethical issues involved and appropriate mechanisms for informing parents and gaining consent if required. Exploration of parental views is needed to inform the debate and specifically consider whether more flexible protocols are needed to fit with the public perception of new developments in this context.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study has been undertaken to explore perceptions and attitudes of parents and future parents to an expanded newborn screening programme in the United Kingdom and the necessary information provision and consent processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mixed methods study involving focus groups (n = 29) and a web-survey (n = 142) undertaken with parents and future parents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parents want guaranteed information provision with clear decision-making powers and an awareness of the choices available to them. The difference between existing screening provision and expanded screening was not considered to be significant enough by participants to warrant formal written, informed consent for expanded screening. It is argued that the ethical review processes need to be more flexible towards the provision of information and consent processes for service developments in newborn screening.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial Design, Coventry University, UK. L.moody@coventry.ac.uk
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: Kubra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Choudhry
mesh_terms: D003625:Data Collection; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D006113:United Kingdom