title: Craniofacial morphology characteristics of operated unilateral complete cleft lip and palate patients in mixed dentition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to analyze craniofacial morphologic characteristics at the stage of mixed dentition in Chinese children who had received surgery for unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCCLP) compared with the healthy population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken for 2 groups of individuals: (1) 48 UCCLP patients who had been operated on before 2 years of age, and (2) 60 noncleft peers as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operated UCCLP groups differed from the control group as follows: reduced cranial base length, less maxillary length, more retrognathic maxilla, retusion of the entire maxilla, more incongruous intermaxillary relation, more concave skeletal profile, and more lingually inclined maxillary and mandibular incisors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The operated UCCLP children at the mixed dentition stage showed serious craniofacial deformities and the craniofacial growth was influenced (especially in maxilla).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Renkai
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wamalwa
authors.forename: Chenghao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Haikun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Shujuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D003818:Dentition, Mixed; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D007574:Jaw Relation Record; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D012658:Sella Turcica / Q000473:pathology; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology*; D019291:Skull Base / Q000473:pathology