title: Reliability of shade selection using an intraoral spectrophotometer.
abstract: In this study, we evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of human tooth shade selection using a digital spectrophotometer. Variability among examiners and illumination conditions were tested for possible influence on measurement reproducibility. Fifteen intact anterior teeth of 15 subjects were evaluated for their shade using a digital spectrophotometer (Crystaleye, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) by two examiners under the same light conditions representing a dental laboratory situation. Each examiner performed the measurement ten times on the labial surface of each tooth containing three evaluation sides (cervical, body, incisal). Commission International on Illumination color space values for L* (lightness), a* (red/green), and b* (yellow/blue) were obtained from each evaluated side. Examiner 2 repeated the measurements of the same subjects under different light conditions (i.e., a dental unit with a chairside lamp). To describe measurement precision, the mean color difference from the mean metric was used. The computed confidence interval (CI) value 5.228 (4.6598-5.8615) reflected (represented) the validity of the measurements. Least square mean analysis of the values obtained by examiners 1 and 2 or under different illumination conditions revealed no statistically significant differences (CI = 95%). Within the limits of the present study, the accuracy and reproducibility of dental shade selection using the tested spectrophotometer with respect to examiner and illumination conditions reflected the reliability of this device. This study suggests that the tested spectrophotometer can be recommended for the clinical application of shade selection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany. siegbert.witkowski@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Siegbert
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Witkowski
authors.forename: Nao-Daniel
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolkewitz
authors.forename: Jorge R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Strub
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003116:Color / Q000592:standards*; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008029:Lighting; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017797:Prosthesis Coloring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055815:Young Adult