title: Peritoneal and plasma D-lactate concentrations in horses with colic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between peritoneal fluid and plasma d-lactate concentration with variables used in the diagnosis and prognosis of horses with colic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinically healthy horses (n=6) and 90 horses with colic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  D-lactate concentration was determined in peritoneal fluid and plasma of all horses. Information on other blood and peritoneal fluid variables, signalment, results from the physical examination, outcome, need for surgery, lesion location, and type was retrieved from medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peritoneal D-lactate concentration was strongly correlated with plasma D-lactate concentration (r=0.71; P<.001). Peritoneal and plasma D-lactate concentrations were positively correlated with peritoneal (r=0.8; P<.001) and plasma L-lactate (r=0.33; P=.001) concentrations, respectively. Peritoneal D-lactate concentration was negatively correlated with survival to discharge (U=430.5; P<.001). Median peritoneal D-lactate concentration of horses with septic peritonitis (455.2 μmol/L) and horses with gastrointestinal rupture (599.5 μmol/L) were higher compared with horses with nonstrangulating obstructions (77.7 μmol/L). A cut-off concentration of peritoneal D-lactate of 116.6 μmol/L had a sensitivity of 0.813 and a specificity of 0.651 to differentiate between nonstrangulating and strangulating obstructions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peritoneal D-lactate concentration may be more useful for identifying horses with strangulating obstructions (high sensitivity, low probability of a false negative) than to ruling out strangulating obstruction (moderate specificity, high probability of a false positive).
authors.affiliation: William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Sawsan Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Yamout
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: Pablo M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Beldomenico
authors.forename: Julie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dechant
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: leJeune
authors.forename: Jack R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Snyder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D003085:Colic / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D006736:Horses; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid