title: Prognostic significance of S100A4 mRNA and protein expression in colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The calcium-binding protein S100A4 promotes tumor progression and metastasis. We investigated the expression of S100A4 in colorectal cancer and its clinicopathologic significance in colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 526 colorectal cancer patients were examined for S100A4 protein by immunohistochemistry using tissue microarrays. S100A4 mRNA was subsequently investigated by in situ hybridization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S100A4 protein was expressed in various cell types including tumor cells, but S100A4 mRNA was only expressed in tumor cells. Cytoplasmic expression of S100A4 protein was seen in 127 (24.1%) of 526 tumors and significantly correlated with older age, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and worse overall survival. Nuclear expression of S100A4 protein was observed in 136 (25.9%) tumors and significantly related to the depth of invasion, perineural invasion, and worse overall survival. However, there was no correlation between S100A4 mRNA expression and clinicopathological parameters. Upon multivariate analysis nuclear expression of S100A4 protein was found to be an independent prognostic factor of poor survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of S100A4 protein in colorectal cancers may indicate tumor progression and lymph node metastasis and can be useful for prediction of overall survival of patients with colorectal cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Goo
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Chan-Kwon
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Ahwon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Won-Kyung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Seung-Taek
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Chang-Suk
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015996:Survival Rate; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; D009418:S100 Proteins; C077591:S100A4 protein, human