title: Cyptoporus polysaccharide prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury associated with down-regulating Toll-like receptor 2 expression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects and the possible mechanism of Cryptoporus polysaccharides (CP) extracted from fruiting body of Cryptoporus volvatus in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acute lung injury was induced by intratracheally instillation of LPS into lung in either rats or mice, assessing leukocyte numbers and myeloperoxidase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as evaluating cytokines mRNA and protein expressions, and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR(2)) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB mRNA levels in the lung tissues of mice. Vascular permeability and edema of lung in mice, and arterial blood gas in rats were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In ALI, CP-treated mice and rats exhibited significantly reduced leukocyte invasion, myeloperoxidase activity, vascular permeability, edema of lung, as well as tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-1β mRNA and protein expressions in the lung tissues compared with vehicle-treated mice. TLR(2) and NF-κB mRNA levels of the lung tissues were decreased in CP-treated mice in response to LPS. And decline in arterial blood gas was recovered in CP-treated rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results supported a protective role of CP in ALI and suggested that the reduction of the activation of TLR(2) and NF-κB signal pathway in lung injury may be relavant to the pretreatment of CP.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Food and Drug Administration of China, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Lin-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Hui-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yong-Liang
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Qiang-Min
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; C495343:Tlr2 protein, rat; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009195:Peroxidase