title: Transient myeloproliferative disorder in a newborn with down syndrome treated with rasburicase for the risk of development of tumor lysis syndrome: A case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transient myeloproliferative disorder is a hematologic abnormality characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of myeloblasts in peripheral blood and bone marrow that primarily affects newborns and babies with Down syndrome. Tumor lysis syndrome is rarely associated with transient myeloproliferative disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transient myeloproliferative disorder was diagnosed in a seven-day-old baby girl with Down syndrome, who was referred to our department due to hyperleukocytosis. Our patient developed tumor lysis syndrome, successfully treated with rasburicase, as a complication of transient myeloproliferative disorder resulting from rapid degradation of myeloid blasts after initiation of effective chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumor lysis syndrome is rarely reported as a complication of transient myeloproliferative disorder. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a newborn with Down syndrome and transient myeloproliferative disorder treated with rasburicase for developing tumor lysis syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Second Pediatric Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ahepa General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. panazoi@gmail.com.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tragiannidis
authors.forename: Zoe Dorothea
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Pana
authors.forename: Theodotis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hatzipantelis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatzistilianou
authors.forename: Fani
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Athanassiadou