title: Fluoxetine Up-Regulates Bcl-xL Expression in Rat C6 Glioma Cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze both differentially expressed genes and the Bcl-xL protein expression after acute and chronic treatment with fluoxetine in rat C6 glioma cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  C6 glioma cells were cultured for 24 h or 72 h after treatment with 10 µM fluoxetine, and gene expression patterns were observed using microarray and qRT-PCR. Then, cells were cultured for 6 h, 24 h, 72 h or 96 h after treatment with 10 µM fluoxetine, and the expression of Bcl-xL protein was measured using western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As determined by microarray, treatment with fluoxetine for 24 h up-regulated 33 genes (including Bcl-xL and NCAM140) and down-regulated 7 genes (including cyclin G-associated kinase). Treatment with fluoxetine for 72 h up-regulated 53 genes (including Gsα and Bcl-xL) and down-regulated 77 genes (including Gαi2 and annexin V). Based on the qRT-PCR results, there was an increase in Gsα mRNA and a decrease in Gαi2 mRNA at 72 h in fluoxetine-treated cells as compared to control, a result that was consistent with microarray. We also observed an increase in Bcl-xL mRNA (both at 24 h and at 72 h) in fluoxetine-treated cells as compared to control, demonstrating a tendency to increase gradually. Bcl-xL protein expression increased as the duration of fluoxetine treatment increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that chronic treatment with fluoxetine not only initiates the cAMP pathway through inducing Gsα expression but also induces Bcl-xL expression, thus inhibiting apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Ran
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Dong Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Seok Hyeon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung-Hwan
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jun-Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joonho
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Young Gyu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Yong-Chon
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Park