title: Matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression enhances tumorigenicity as well as tumor-related angiogenesis and is inversely associated with TIMP-4 expression in a model of glioblastoma.
abstract: Herein we continue the study of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) with respect to glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell tumorigenicity and angiogenesis. A model of tumorigenicity with cells stably altered to over-express or knock-down MMP-1 revealed that it significantly increases tumor incidence and size. Organized endothelial growth in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)-GBM co-cultures was significantly increased in the presence of MMP-1. CD31 analysis of model tumors elucidated a substantial recruitment of endothelium in MMP-1 enhanced samples. Antibody arrays indicated an inverse expression of certain anti-angiogenic factors with respect to MMP-1, the most notable of which was a significant increase in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-4 (TIMP-4) in the absence of MMP-1, as validated by immunoblot.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. pullenna@vcu.edu
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Pullen
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Patricia S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Helen L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Fillmore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4