title: Endoscopic devascularisation of sphenopalatine bundle in intractable posterior epistaxis: technique, efficacy and safety.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate endoscopic cauterisation of the sphenopalatine neurovascular bundle, as treatment for intractable posterior epistaxis, with regard to efficacy, safety and post-operative sequelae.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study reviewed 42 patients with severe posterior epistaxis who were treated with endoscopic cauterisation of the sphenopalatine neurovascular bundle, over a 17-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypertension and hepatic disease were present as predisposing factors in 66.7 and 35.7 per cent of patients, respectively. Branching of the sphenopalatine artery at its foramen was present in more than 85 per cent of patients. The success rate was 100 per cent, with no recurrent epistaxis in the follow-up period. Severe nasal dryness was present in only four patients (9.5 per cent); hypoaesthesia was found in the nasal mucosa of eight patients, without any patient complaints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic sphenopalatine neurovascular bundle cauterisation is an effective treatment for refractory posterior epistaxis. In this study, neurovascular bundle cauterisation did not cause any neurological deficits or major complications.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Department, Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura University, Egypt. heshameladl@mans.edu.eg
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Eladl
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Elmorsy
authors.forename: Y W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Khafagy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries / Q000601:surgery*; D002425:Cautery / Q000379:methods; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D059747:Nasal Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult