title: Clinical benefits of the addition of lower extremity low-intensity resistance muscle training to early aerobic endurance training intervention in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Muscle resistance training is often combined with aerobic endurance training during rehabilitation of patients with coronary artery disease. However, the clinical effects of additional lower-extremity low-intensity muscle resistance training during early rehabilitation (within the first month after coronary revascularization) in patients with coronary artery disease remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with coronary artery disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were randomly assigned to early aerobic endurance training (n = 30) or combined aerobic endurance and resistance muscle training (n = 30). Subjects performed 18 (standard deviation 2) exercise sessions (at 65% VO(2peak), for 40 mins/session). In resistance muscle training, additional low-intensity (12-20 repetition maximum) resistance muscle exercises were performed. The following parameters were evaluated: exercise capacity, body composition, blood lipid profile, glycaemic control, blood endothelial progenitor cell and cytokine content, and muscle performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 47 patients with coronary artery disease completed the intervention. Total body lean tissue mass tended to increase with greater magnitude (p = 0.07), and blood high-density lipid cholesterol content increased with significantly greater magnitude in resistance muscle training (p < 0.05), compared with aerobic endurance training. Maximal exercise capacity, ventilatory threshold, and muscle performance increased, and steady-state exercise respiratory exchange ratio, and adipose tissue mass reduced significantly (p < 0.05), without differences between groups (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In early aerobic endurance training intervention in patients with coronary artery disease, additional low-intensity resistance muscle training contributes to a greater increase in blood high-density lipid cholesterol content, and tends to affect lean tissue mass.
authors.affiliation: Jessa Hospital/Heart Centre Hasselt, Rehabilitation and Health Centre, Stadsomvaart 11, Hasselt, Belgium. hansen_dominique@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Bert O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Eijnde
authors.forename: Machteld
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roelants
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Broekmans
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rummens
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hensen
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Erum
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bonné
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reyckers
authors.forename: Toon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alders
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dendale
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome