title: The enhanced performance of bone allografts using osteogenic-differentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: Adipose tissue was only recently considered as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for bone tissue engineering. To improve the osteogenicity of acellular bone allografts, adipose MSCs (AMSCs) and bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) at nondifferentiated and osteogenic-differentiated stages were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments demonstrated a superiority of AMSCs for proliferation (6.1±2.3 days vs. 9.0±1.9 days between each passage for BM-MSCs, respectively, P<0.001). A significantly higher T-cell depletion (revealed by mixed lymphocyte reaction, [MLR]) was found for AMSCs (vs. BM-MSCs) at both non- and differentiated stages. Although nondifferentiated AMSCs secreted a higher amount of vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] in vitro (between 24 and 72 h of incubation at 0.1-21% O(2)) than BM-MSCs (P<0.001), the osteogenic differentiation induced a significantly higher VEGF release by BM-MSCs at each condition (P<0.001). After implantation in the paraspinal muscles of nude rats, a significantly higher angiogenesis (histomorphometry for vessel development (P<0.005) and VEGF expression (P<0.001)) and osteogenesis (as revealed by osteocalcin expression (P<0.001) and micro-CT imagery for newly formed bone tissue (P<0.05)) were found for osteogenic-differentiated AMSCs in comparison to BM-MSCs after 30 days of implantation. Osteogenic-differentiated AMSCs are the best candidate to improve the angio-/osteogenicity of decellularized bone allografts.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery (IREC/CHEX), Université catholique de Louvain, Faculté de Médecine, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: Daela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xhema
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vériter
authors.forename: Michaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Behets
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delloye
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gianello
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dufrane
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis; D051381:Rats; D011923:Rats, Nude; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D015675:Osteocalcin