title: [Contribution of environmental lead exposure to blood lead level among infants based on IEUBK model].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of environmental lead exposure on infant's blood lead through integrated exposure uptake biokinetic model for lead in children (IEUBK) model, based on environmental lead and prenatal lead exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data is from a prospective study conducted among pregnant women during 2005 -2007. Blood lead of the pregnant women in the late pregnancy, environmental lead values including lead concentration in soil, air and drink-water were measured. Moreover, the blood lead concentrations of infants were measured as well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infants were exposed to lead from the pregnant women during the pregnancy, and in the late pregnancy the geometric mean blood lead of pregnant women was (40.3 +/- 3.7) microg/L. The geometric mean blood lead concentration of six-month old infants was (54.7 +/- 6.7) microg/L and there were 17.3% infants whose blood lead concentration were above 100 microg/L. Lead in soil,atmosphere and drink-water were 45.57 mg/kg, 0.023 microg/m3 and 3.25 microg/L respectively. While based on the calculation of the IEUBK model, the value attributed to environmental lead exposure was 12.4 microg/L, accounting for 22.7% of the real blood lead level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that environmental lead contamination in the rural area might not be the main reason of elevation in blood lead among infants, other lead resources such as food lead exposure might be the major sources for the intake of lead among infants and should be paid more attentions in future.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dichu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Zhanghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Shuilian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Cui'e
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Pingjian
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008954:Models, Biological; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007854:Lead