title: Self-correction in tripronucleated human embryos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the occurrence of ploidy and parental self-correction in tripronuclear (TPN) human embryos.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental.
  
  
  METHODS
  Research facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two TPN embryos resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI-TPN) and 18 TPN embryos resulting from conventional IVF (IVF-TPN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Tripronuclear embryos were cultured in vitro for 6 days. Those with ≥ 6 cells were biopsied for ploidy analysis. Blastocysts were studied for ploidy or parental inheritance. Heteroparental inheritance was determined after comparing polymorphic loci in the genomic DNA of a blastocyst and in the parents' DNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tripronuclear origin, cell number at biopsy, chromosome analysis using fluorescent in situ hybridization, parental inheritance analysis using polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing, in vitro development to the blastocyst stage, and percentage of diploid and triploid cleavage embryos and blastocysts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Half of ICSI-TPN embryos became self-corrected blastocysts whereas only one IVF-TPN embryo did.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both ICSI-TPN and IVF-TPN embryos are capable of self-correction, but the latter to a lesser extent. Neither parental inheritance nor ploidy determines the ability of a TPN embryo to progress to the blastocyst stage. However, the ability of a TPN embryo to become self-corrected is determined by the parental origin of the extra pronucleus.
authors.affiliation: Universitary Institute Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grau
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Escrich
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellicer
authors.forename: María-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Escribá
mesh_terms: D001755:Blastocyst / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics*; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011003:Ploidies; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods