title: Ultrasound-guided lumpectomy for palpable breast cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to determine the re-excision rate following lumpectomy for palpable breast cancers using intraoperative ultrasound (US). A secondary aim was to investigate the impact on surgical decision-making.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 73 women who underwent US-guided lumpectomy for palpable breast cancer between 2006 and 2010. A cohort of 124 women who underwent palpation-guided lumpectomy was used for a comparison group. Data included patient demographics, tumor characteristics, intraoperative findings, and pathologic outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used for data summary and compared by chi-square or t test, as appropriate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 73 women underwent US-guided lumpectomy, and 124 women underwent palpation-guided lumpectomy (median age 55 years). Patients undergoing palpation-guided lumpectomy had smaller tumors that were more likely to be HER2/neu amplified compared with patients undergoing US-guided lumpectomy (P < 0.05 for each). There were no differences between the 2 groups with respect to patient age, tumor grade, and estrogen/progesterone receptor status (P > 0.05 for each). Re-excision rates were similar in both groups [17 (23%) in the US group versus 31 (25%) in the palpation group; P > 0.05]. In the US group, 45 patients (62%) had additional shave margins taken based on US interrogation of the specimen, and 12 patients (16%) were spared a 2nd procedure based on the use of intraoperative US.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although palpable breast cancers can be excised based on direct palpation or needle localization, we believe that US guidance provides an excellent tool to aid the breast surgeon. Only 10% of patients had a positive margin on final pathology as a result, and the overall re-excision rate was acceptable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Carla S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Fatema Al
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Mushawah
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Cyr
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Margenthaler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010173:Palpation; D011379:Prognosis; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography