title: Visualizing G protein-coupled receptor signalsomes using confocal immunofluorescence microscopy.
abstract: The heptahelical G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) receive and transmit a wide range of extracellular stimuli and induce a wide array of cellular responses by activating signaling kinases. It has become increasingly evident that the agonist-stimulated GPCR complexed with the adaptor protein, β-arrestin, serves as a focal point to recruit, activate, and target kinases to discrete subcellular compartments. This chapter describes a protocol to visualize the changes in the subcellular distribution of activated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) when induced by the angiotensin II type 1a receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. sheno002@mc.duke.edu
authors.forename: Sudha K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Shenoy
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3