title: Detection and characterization of antibiotic-resistance genes in Arcanobacterium pyogenes strains from abscesses of forest musk deer.
abstract: Arcanobacterium pyogenes is commonly isolated from ruminant animals as an opportunistic pathogen that co-infects with other bacteria, normally causing surface or internal abscesses. Twenty-eight strains of A. pyogenes isolated from forest musk deer suppurative samples were identified by their 16S rRNA gene sequences, and confirmed by amplification of the pyolysin-encoding gene (plo) in all isolates. The MICs of 14 commonly used antibiotics were determined by an agar dilution method. Class 1 and 2 intI genes were amplified to determine whether integrons were present in the A. pyogenes genome. Class 1 gene cassettes were detected by specific primers and analysed by sequencing. All of the strains were susceptible to most fluoroquinolone antibiotics; however, high resistance rates were observed for β-lactams and trimethoprim. A total of 18 of the isolates (64.3%) were positive for the class 1 intI gene, and 16 (57.1%) contained class 1 gene cassettes with the aacC, aadA1, aadA2, blaP1 and dfr2a genes. Most were present in the multi-resistant isolates, indicating a general concordance between the presence of gene cassettes and antibiotic resistance, and that the integrons have played an important role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in this species.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Ke-Lei
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Yue
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Paha'erding
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palahati
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), Bioengineering Research Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Hong-Ning
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, 610064 Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Bi-Song
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Yue
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000193:Actinomycetales Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D055667:Arcanobacterium / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003670:Deer / Q000382:microbiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D019426:Integrases / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C108448:Pyolysin, Arcanobacterium pyogenes; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D019426:Integrases