title: [A case of Chlamydia trachomatis peritonitis mimicking tuberculous peritonitis].
abstract: Lymphocytic ascites with low serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) are observed mainly in tuberculous peritonitis, peritoneal carcinomatosis, and pancreatic disease. However, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) induced generalized peritonitis causing diffuse ascites has been rarely described. We report a 26-year old female patient, who was diagnosed as generalized peritonitis with diffuse ascites due to Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Gynecologic examination did not show the clue of PID and in the analysis of ascites, low SAAG, predominant lymphocyte count and high level of adenosine deaminase were noted. Although the best impression was tuberculous peritonitis on the base of these findings, the laparoscopic finding was consistent with PID and the PCR for C. trachomatis infection in cervical swab was positive. This case suggests that C. trachomatis peritonitis should be considered as a rare cause of low SAAG and lymphocytic ascites in sexually active women and should be intensively evaluated including laparoscopic examination.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Internal Medicine and Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hwa Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Tae Hoon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Gun Hi
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Tae Joo
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Joen
authors.forename: Dong Dae
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Won Chang
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Won Choong
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Keun Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001201:Ascites / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D014395:Peritonitis, Tuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D012709:Serum Albumin