title: Aqueous ammonia pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches for ethanol production.
abstract: Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) were pretreated by aqueous ammonia soaking for ethanol production. Pretreated EFB, which were pretreated at the optimal conditions of 60 °C, 12 h, and 21% (w/w) aqueous ammonia, showed 19.5% and 41.4% glucose yields during an enzymatic digestibility test for 96 h when using 15 and 60 FPU of cellulase, respectively. Using the pretreated EFB, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation for 168 h with 5% (w/v) glucan loading and 60 FPU of cellulase and 30 CBU of β-glucosidase per gram glucan resulted in ethanol production of 18.6 g/L titer, 65.6% of theoretical maximum yield, and 0.11 g/L/h of productivity.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: In Jung
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: In-Geol
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyoung Heon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000737:chemistry*; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol; D000641:Ammonia; D002480:Cellulase