title: Resistance training dose response in combined endurance-resistance training in patients with cardiovascular disease: a randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of 2 different volumes of resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training in residential cardiac rehabilitation (CR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Center for inpatient CR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (N=295) with a mean age ± SD of 62.7±11.7 years participated in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups (group 1 and group 2) with different volumes of RT; 2 sets × 12 repetitions (REPS) (group 1) and 3 sets × 15 REPS (group 2) per session, 2 times per week; each RT session consisting of 10 different resistance exercises. In addition, patients also completed continuous moderate intensity aerobic training composed of cycle ergometry 6 times per week for 17±4 minutes (mean ± SD) and walking 5 times per week for 45 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  At entry and after 26±4 (mean ± SD) days of CR, blood pressure, heart rate, maximal oxygen consumption, and maximal power determined during cycle ergometry, strength determined via RT, and blood biochemistries were assessed. Data were analyzed via a 2-way (group × time) repeated measures analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis revealed equivalent improvements in exercise capacity, muscular strength, hemodynamics, and blood chemistries regardless of RT volume (comparison-wise type I error rate, α<.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that nearly doubling (3 sets × 15 REPS vs 2 sets × 12 REPS) the volume of RT as part of a residential CR program does not yield further improvement in strength and cardiovascular risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Bad Schallerbach, Austria.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berent
authors.forename: Serge P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: von Duvillard
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Crouse
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sinzinger
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schmid
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D000072038:Cardiac Rehabilitation; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers