title: Effects of surplus dietary L-tryptophan on stress, immunology, behavior, and nitrogen retention in endotoxemic pigs.
abstract: The possible beneficial effects of surplus dietary Trp (+5 g of Trp/kg of diet) on factors related to stress, immunology, behavior, and N retention were investigated in postweaning piglets (approximately 15 kg of BW) challenged for 10 d with intravenous bacterial lipopolysaccharide (from Escherichia coli). Two diets fed restrictively (732 kJ of NE/kg of BW(0.75)/d) were compared, 1) a basal diet (apparent ileal digestible Trp = 1.9 g/kg; the recommended amount of Trp to warrant near-optimal growth in nonendotoxemic piglets), and 2) a Trp-enriched basal diet (+5 g of free l-Trp/kg), with 8 individually housed piglets per diet. Pooled salivary cortisol, but not plasma cortisol sampled at euthanasia, showed a tendency (P = 0.07) toward reduced concentrations in the Trp group (1.1 vs. 1.4 ng/mL; pooled SE = 0.1 ng/mL). Plasma C-reactive protein was reduced (P = 0.04) in the Trp group (0.9 vs. 5.0 mg/L; pooled SE = 1.3 mg/L), but haptoglobin, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and lipopolysaccharide-induced fever were similar between the 2 dietary treatments. Physical activity related to approaching a human showed a tendency (P = 0.08) toward increased latency time in the Trp group (101 vs. 60 s; pooled SE = 16 s), but the times spent standing, sitting, and lying were similar between dietary treatments. The ADFI, ADG (346 vs. 302 g/d; pooled SE = 14 g/d; P = 0.11), body N retention (11.6 vs. 11.0 g/d; pooled SE = 0.2 g/d; P = 0.18), and G:F (0.55 vs. 0.49; pooled SE = 0.03; P = 0.17) were not different between the groups fed Trp and the basal diet. In conclusion, surplus dietary Trp had limited effects on stress, immunology, behavior, and N retention in a pig model of systemic endotoxemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Adaptation Physiology Group of Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands. sietsejan.koopmans@wur.nl
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Koopmans
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: van der Staay
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le Floc'h
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: J Th M
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: van Diepen
authors.forename: A J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jansman
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000662:veterinary*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014364:Tryptophan; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D009584:Nitrogen; D006854:Hydrocortisone