title: Recent advances on biological difructose anhydride III production using inulase II from inulin.
abstract: Difructose anhydride III (DFA III), the smallest cyclic disaccharide, consists of two fructose residues. DFA III is a hydrolysate of inulin and is rarely found in nature. Industrial interest in DFA III as a low-calorie sugar substitute is increasing. The present review describes the properties and physiological functions of DFA III as well as its commercial importance. Focus is also given on the biological production of DFA III from inulin, which contains enzyme resources, inulase II properties, and the capacity for mass DFA III production. Inulase II as an industrial enzyme and its molecular evolution are discussed as well. The aim is to better understand commercial-scale DFA III production as a food product.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.forename: Wanmeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Liuming Leon
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miao
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D001711:Biotransformation; D019020:Directed Molecular Evolution; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006602:Hexosyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D007444:Inulin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004187:Disaccharides; C087758:difructose anhydride III; D007444:Inulin; D006602:Hexosyltransferases; C021450:inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing)