title: Longitudinal study of macular folds by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the natural history of macular folds using serial spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial OCTs were performed using Topcon 3D OCT. The main outcome measures were: patient demographics; preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative details; serial SD-OCTs; and length of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients who underwent standard 3-port pars plana vitrectomy with gas tamponade to repair rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were included in this study. Mean follow-up was 9.9 months (range 5-17 months). Three types of retinal folds were identified: 1) ripple; 2) taco; 3) displacement. Ripple and taco folds were found to resolve spontaneously. Outer retinal hyperreflective lesions resolved first, followed by flattening of the inner retinal layers. Displacement folds also resolved, but left the macula translocated inferiorly, causing binocular diplopia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ripple and taco folds could be managed conservatively with good outcomes. However, the optimal treatment of displacement folds requires further research.
authors.affiliation: Vitreoretinal Service, Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust, Ophthalmology Department, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom. roger.wong@gstt.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D058450:Endotamponade; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016684:Prone Position; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; C042852:perflutren; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride