title: Urinary tract effects after multifocal nonthermal irreversible electroporation of the kidney: acute and chronic monitoring by magnetic resonance imaging, intravenous urography and urinary cytology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The nonthermal irreversible electroporation (NTIRE) is a novel potential ablation modality for renal masses. The aim of this study was the first evaluation of NTIRE's effects on the renal urine-collecting system using intravenous urography (IVU) and urinary cytology in addition to histology and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight percutaneous NTIRE ablations of the renal parenchyma, including the calyxes or pelvis, were performed in three male swine. MRI, IVU, histology, and urinary cytology follow-ups were performed within the first 28 days after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MRI and histological analysis demonstrated a localized necrosis 7 days and a localized scarification of the renal parenchyma with complete destruction 28 days after NTIRE. The urine-collecting system was preserved and showed urothelial regeneration. IVU and MRI showed an unaltered normal morphology of the renal calyxes, pelvis, and ureter. A new urinary cytology phenomenon featured a temporary degeneration by individual vacuolization of detached transitional epithelium cells within the first 3 days after NTIRE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This first urographical, urine-cytological, and MRI evaluation after porcine kidney NTIRE shows multifocal parenchyma destruction while protecting the involved urine-collecting system with regenerated urothelial tissue. NTIRE could be used as a targeted ablation method of centrally located renal masses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Magdeburg, Germany. johann.wendler@med.ovgu.de
authors.forename: Johann Jakob
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wendler
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pech
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porsch
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janitzky
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fischbach
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buhtz
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vogler
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hühne
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borucki
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Strang
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mahnkopf
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ricke
authors.forename: Uwe-Bernd
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Liehr
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D003581:Cytodiagnosis; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009336:Necrosis; D013552:Swine; D014567:Urography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media