title: Emergence and spread of cfr-mediated multiresistance in staphylococci: an interdisciplinary challenge.
abstract: In staphylococci, methylation of A2503 of 23S rRNA leads to resistance against several classes of antibiotics (oxazolidinones, phenicols, streptogramin compounds, lincosamidins and pleuromutilins). The corresponding resistance gene cfr is located on plasmid(s) and is transferable within and between staphylococcal species including Staphylococcus aureus. It first emerged in coagulase-negative staphylococci, later in Central Europe also in S. aureus ST9 and in methicillin-resistant S. aureus ST398, which have their main reservoir in pigs, and meanwhile also in nosocomial coagulase-negative staphylococci from Southern Europe and the USA, and furthermore in nosocomial methicillin-resistant S. aureus in Spain. Timely detection and targeted prevention of further dissemination in both human and veterinary medicine is warranted for preserving the activity linezolid as an important antibiotic for treatment of staphylococcal infections.
authors.affiliation: Robert Koch Institute, Wernigerode, Germany. wittew@rki.de
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuny
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005060:Europe; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D006801:Humans; D010957:Plasmids; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C539943:CFR protein, Staphylococcus aureus; C413412:CFR protein, Staphylococcus sciuri