title: Stem cell-based therapies for bone repair.
abstract: This article provides an overview of the cellular and molecular events involved in bone repair and the current approaches to using stem cells as an adjunct to this process. The article emphasizes the key role of osteoprogenitor cells in the formation of bone and where the clinical applications of current research may lend themselves to large animal orthopaedics. The processes involved in osteogenic differentiation are presented and strategies for bone formation, including induction by osteogenic factors, bioscaffolds, and gene therapy, are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Cheshire, CH64 7TE, UK. p.i.milner@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: Peter I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Milner
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Clegg
authors.forename: Matthew C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D006736:Horses / Q000293:injuries*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000662:veterinary*