title: Current status of multiple antigen-presenting peptide vaccine systems: Application of organic and inorganic nanoparticles.
abstract: Many studies are currently investigating the development of safe and effective vaccines to prevent various infectious diseases. Multiple antigen-presenting peptide vaccine systems have been developed to avoid the adverse effects associated with conventional vaccines (i.e., live-attenuated, killed or inactivated pathogens), carrier proteins and cytotoxic adjuvants. Recently, two main approaches have been used to develop multiple antigen-presenting peptide vaccine systems: (1) the addition of functional components, e.g., T-cell epitopes, cell-penetrating peptides, and lipophilic moieties; and (2) synthetic approaches using size-defined nanomaterials, e.g., self-assembling peptides, non-peptidic dendrimers, and gold nanoparticles, as antigen-displaying platforms. This review summarizes the recent experimental studies directed to the development of multiple antigen-presenting peptide vaccine systems.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, 3500-3, Minami-Tamagaki, Suzuka 513-8670, MIE, Japan. yfujita@suzuka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taguchi