title: c-Jun is involved in interstitial cystitis antiproliferative factor (APF)-induced growth inhibition of human bladder cancer T24 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To uncover the role of c-Jun, a proto-oncogene, in inhibitory effects of antiproliferative factor (APF) on tumor cell growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of c-Jun was analyzed by Western blotting in 45 clinical specimens (30 tumorous tissues and 15 paired non-tumorous tissues) and 3 bladder cancer cell lines. APF-responsive T24 transitional carcinoma bladder cells were treated with APF or mock control. Cell proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Change of c-Jun expression was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The influence of c-Jun on APF treatment was evaluated by transient transfection of c-Jun and MTT assay in T24 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  c-Jun was significantly higher in invasive bladder cancer tissues and cell lines. T24 cells treated with APF had decreased c-Jun expression and suppressed cell growth. More importantly, ectopic c-Jun attenuated APF inhibitory effects on cell growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations suggest that c-Jun is involved in APF-mediated inhibition for bladder tumor cell growth, as potential target of APF in patients with aggressive bladder carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. li.zeliang@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Zeliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Decai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Zhenxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chuize
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D016758:Genes, jun; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; C490708:antiproliferative factor APF, human