title: Phantom pain reduction by low-frequency and low-intensity electromagnetic fields.
abstract: Although various treatments have been presented for phantom pain, there is little proof supporting the benefits of pharmacological treatments, surgery or interventional techniques, electroconvulsive therapy, electrical nerve stimulation, far infrared ray therapy, psychological therapies, etc. Here, we report the preliminary results for phantom pain reduction by low-frequency and intensity electromagnetic fields under clinical circumstances. Our method is called as Electromagnetic-Own-Signal-Treatment (EMOST). Fifteen people with phantom limb pain participated. The patients were treated using a pre-programmed, six sessions. Pain intensity was quantified upon admission using a 0-10 verbal numerical rating scale. Most of the patients (n = 10) reported a marked reduction in the intensity of phantom limb pain. Several patients also reported about improvement in their sleep and mood quality, or a reduction in the frequency of phantom pain after the treatments. No improvements in the reduction of phantom limb pain or sleep and mood improvement were reported in the control group (n = 5). Our nonlinear electromagnetic EMOST method may be a possible therapeutic application in the reduction of phantom limb pain. Here, we also suggest that some of the possible effects of the EMOST may be achieved via the redox balance of the body and redox-related neural plasticity.
authors.affiliation: Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary. bokkoni@yahoo.com
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bókkon
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Till
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grass
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Erdöfi Szabó
mesh_terms: D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D055909:Magnetic Field Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000528:radiation effects; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000528:radiation effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D010591:Phantom Limb / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*