title: Prevalence of snoring and associated factors in infancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In children aged 3-12 years snoring is associated with significant neurocognitive and behavioural deficits; however, there are few studies that have considered both the prevalence of snoring in infants and associated factors that may influence the development of snoring. The goal of the present study was to examine sleep, snoring and associated factors in a community sample of 0-3 month olds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Previously validated infant sleep and parent sleep questionnaires were completed by parents of 457 term infants aged 1-13.9 weeks old (mean age=4.6 weeks; SD=2.7; 45% males) during a home-based nurse visit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 9% of infants were reported to snore habitually (snoring ≥ 3 nights/week). Habitual snoring was significantly associated with exclusive formula feeding (OR: 28.87; p<.01), maternal concern about child's breathing during sleep (OR: 3.91; p=.01) and restless sleep ≥ 3 nights/week (OR: 17.76; p<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that snoring is as common in infants as it is in older children. Given the known relationships between Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) and neurocognitive development, the effect of SDB developing early in childhood may have important consequences on future developmental outcomes.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide 5000, Australia. alicia.piteo@adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Piteo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lushington
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nettelbeck
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D001722:Birth Order; D001724:Birth Weight; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012913:Snoring / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013021:South Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data