title: Three dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography features of retinal-choroidal anastomosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To correlate the three-dimensional (3D) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features of retinal-choroidal anastomosis (RCA) to conventional angiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients diagnosed with RCA who underwent 3D SD-OCT between July 2007 and June 2010. Main outcome measures were the diagnostic capabilities of 3D SD-OCT, and the correlation between 3D findings and the features distinguished by conventional angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen eyes of 18 patients [five males, 13 females, mean age 79.5 ± 19.4 years (range, 70-93 years)] were included in the analysis. In eyes (n = 3) showing a focal staining on angiography, 3D OCT revealed a slight convex prominence of the inner retinal surface in correspondence of a small dome-shaped retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) elevation (which represented the early RCA). In eyes (n = 7) showing a "hot spot" without pigment epithelium detachment (PED) on angiography, 3D OCT revealed a convex prominence of the inner retinal surface in correspondence with a well-demarcated prominence of RPE with steep margins (which represented the RCA). In eyes (n = 8) showing a "hot spot" with PED on angiography, 3D OCT revealed a convex prominence of the inner retinal surface in correspondence with a convex RPE prominence with a peak at the top.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D SD-OCT provides a map of the retina and RPE, allowing a realistic visualization of the different pathological features in the disease development, and may be able to provide clinically relevant information to complement angiography in the diagnosis of RCA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Paris XII, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Creteil, 40 Avenue de Verdun, 94000 Creteil, France. giuseppe.querques@hotmail.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Querques
authors.forename: Fernando O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Avellis
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Querques
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Massamba
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bandello
authors.forename: Eric H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Souied
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply*; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green