title: [T-cell costimulation. Basic mechanisms and new aspects].
abstract: Recent publications regarding the function of the T-cell costimulators CD226 and TIGIT as well as the identification of the new costimulatory ligand VISTA are of great interest for an understanding of autoimmune diseases. Both systems display striking similarities to the well-established costimulators CD28/CTLA-4 and PD-1.
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, Germany. hutloff@drfz.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hutloff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000502:physiology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000502:physiology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D061025:Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000502:physiology; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D000098862:T Lineage-Specific Activation Antigen 1
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D000098862:T Lineage-Specific Activation Antigen 1; C468140:CD28-binding protein, human; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D061025:Costimulatory and Inhibitory T-Cell Receptors; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C534712:TIGIT protein, human