title: Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused laser interstitial thermal therapy for subinsular metastatic adenocarcinoma:  technical case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To describe the novel use of the AutoLITT System (Monteris Medical, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada) for focused laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) with intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and stereotactic image guidance for the treatment of metastatic adenocarcinoma in the left insula.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient was a 61-year-old right-handed man with a history of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon. He had previously undergone resection of multiple lesions, Gamma Knife radiosurgery, and whole-brain radiation. Despite treatment of a left insular tumor, serial imaging revealed that the lesion continued to enlarge. Given the refractory nature of this tumor to radiation and the deep-seated location, the patient elected to undergo LITT treatment. The center of the lesion and entry point on the scalp were identified with STEALTH (Medtronic, Memphis, Tennessee) image-guided navigation. The AXiiiS Stereotactic Miniframe (Monteris Medical) for the LITT system was secured onto the skull, and a trajectory was defined to achieve access to the centroid of the tumor. After a burr hole was made, a gadolinium template probe was inserted into the AXiiiS base. The trajectory was confirmed via an intraoperative MRI, and the LITT probe driver was attached to the base and CO2-cooled, side-firing laser LITT probe. The laser was activated and thermometry images were obtained. Two trajectories, posteromedial and anterolateral, produced satisfactory tumor ablation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LITT with intraoperative MRI and stereotactic image guidance is a newly available, minimally invasive, and therapeutically viable technique for the treatment of deep seated brain tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Ammar H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hawasli
authors.forename: Wilson Z
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Rory K J
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Ralph G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Dacey
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Leuthardt
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged