title: Effect of potential remineralizing agents on acid softened enamel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether pastes containing casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and calcium sodium phosphosilicate (CSP) protect acid softened enamel against further erosive episodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enamel slabs of bovine teeth with preformed erosion-like lesions were randomly assigned to five treatment groups (n = 15): A) CPP-ACP (MI Paste, GC America); B) CPP-ACP+Fluoride (CPP-ACP+F, MI Plus Paste, GC America); C) CSP (Tooth Revitalizing Paste, Oravive); D) fluoridated dentifrice (FD, Sensodyne Cool Gel, GSK); E) control (CO, unexposed to any product). Paste treatments (1:3 slurry in deionized water or undiluted product in the case of the CPP-ACP formulae) were performed between five cycles of alternating erosive challenge (0.3% citric acid, pH = 3.2) and remineralization in artificial saliva. Specimens were analyzed by Knoop surface microhardness (SMH).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ANOVA indicated a significant (P< 0.0001) difference among the SMH values attained by acid softened enamel following the exposure to the pastes interspersed with erosion-remineralization cycles. Tukey's test ascertained that SMH values observed for the CPP-ACP+F and CSP groups did not differ from that of FD group, which were significantly higher than that found for the CO group. Specimens treated with CPP-ACP did not differ from any of the other groups.
authors.affiliation: Instituto e Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Laboratório de Ensaio de Materiais, SP, Brazil. cecilia.turssi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cecilia P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Turssi
authors.forename: Fernando A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Danielle C F
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Messias
authors.forename: Francisco C Rehder
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.forename: Mônica C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galafassi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005898:Glass; D006244:Hardness; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D009566:Nitrates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010710:Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D003802:Dentifrices; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009566:Nitrates; C510984:NovaMin; D010710:Phosphates; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C097427:Sensodyne; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D019343:Citric Acid; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides