title: Leg ulcers associated with Klinefelter's syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: We present the case of a young man with type II diabetes, stage III chronic kidney disease, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea and diabetes who presented to the Georgetown University Hospital Center for Wound Healing with refractory lower extremity ulcers. Autoimmune work-up was negative. However, chromosome analysis showed a genetic variant of Klinefelter's syndrome (48 XXYY). Lower extremity ulceration is a recognised complication of Klinefelter's syndrome. The pathogenesis of ulcers in this endocrinopathy is unclear, but associations with abnormalities of fibrinolysis and prothrombotic states are reported. This case emphasises the importance of considering Klinefelter's syndrome in the differential diagnosis of a sterile male patient with non healing lower extremity ulcers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. vks4@gunet.georgetown.edu
authors.forename: Victoria K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Shanmugam
authors.forename: Katina C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Tsagaris
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Attinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D007871:Leg Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male