title: Outer skull landmark-based coordinates for measurement of cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure in rabbits.
abstract: Despite the increased use of intracranial neuromonitoring during experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), coordinates for probe placement in rabbits are lacking. This study evaluates the safety and reliability of using outer skull landmarks to identify locations for placement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and intraparenchymal intracranial pressure (ICP) probes. Experimental SAH was performed in 17 rabbits using an extracranial-intracranial shunt model. ICP probes were placed in the frontal lobe and compared to measurements recorded from the olfactory bulb. CBF probes were placed in various locations in the frontal cortex anterior to the coronary suture. Insertion depth, relation to the ventricular system, and ideal placement location were determined by post-mortem examination. ICP recordings at the time of SAH from the frontal lobe did not differ significantly from those obtained from the right olfactory bulb. Ideal coordinates for intraparenchymal CBF probes in the left and right frontal lobe were found to be located 4.6±0.9 and 4.5±1.2 anterior to the bregma, 4.7±0.7mm and 4.7±0.5mm parasagittal, and at depths of 4±0.5mm and 3.9±0.5mm, respectively. The results demonstrate that the presented coordinates based on skull landmarks allow reliable placement of intraparenchymal ICP and CBF probes in rabbit brains without the use of a stereotactic frame.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. serge.marbacher@ksa.ch
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marbacher
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Milavec
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Neuschmelting
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Andereggen
authors.forename: Salome
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erhardt
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fandino
mesh_terms: D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply; D000818:Animals; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000098:blood supply; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000098:blood supply; D011817:Rabbits; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology