title: Cloxacillin as an antibiotic lock solution for prevention of catheter-associated infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Catheter-related infection is associated with increased all-cause mortality and morbidity in hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to evaluate an antimicrobial lock solution (cloxacillin and heparin) in temporary noncuffed double-lumen catheters for long-term intermittent hemodialysis as a method of preventing catheter-related infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients on hemodialysis with noncuffed temporary double lumen catheter were randomly divided into 2 groups. Fifty patients received a solution containing cloxacillin, 100 mg/mL, plus heparin, 1000 IU/mL as a 2.5-mL solution instilled in each of catheter lumens after dialysis session. Another 50 patients received only heparin. They were allowed to dwell until the next session of dialysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One catheter-related bacteremia was observed in the antibiotic group whereas catheter-related bacteremia was observed in 8 of those who received heparin only. The rate of catheter-related bacteremia episodes were 0.5 per 1000 catheter-days in the antibiotic group versus 7.8 per 1000 catheter-days in the control group (P = .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, application of cloxacillin as antibiotic lock solution for dialysis catheters resulted in a considerable reduction in catheter-related bacteremia rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Nemazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. mozhgand@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mozhgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davanipur
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pakfetrat
authors.forename: Jamishid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roozbeh
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003023:Cloxacillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012996:Solutions; D006493:Heparin; D003023:Cloxacillin