title: Guided growth of millimeter-long horizontal nanowires with controlled orientations.
abstract: The large-scale assembly of nanowires with controlled orientation on surfaces remains one challenge preventing their integration into practical devices. We report the vapor-liquid-solid growth of aligned, millimeter-long, horizontal GaN nanowires with controlled crystallographic orientations on different planes of sapphire. The growth directions, crystallographic orientation, and faceting of the nanowires vary with each surface orientation, as determined by their epitaxial relationship with the substrate, as well as by a graphoepitaxial effect that guides their growth along surface steps and grooves. Despite their interaction with the surface, these horizontally grown nanowires display few structural defects, exhibiting optical and electronic properties comparable to those of vertically grown nanowires. This paves the way to highly controlled nanowire structures with potential applications not available by other means.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsivion
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schvartzman
authors.forename: Ronit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Popovitz-Biro
authors.forename: Palle
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: von Huth
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Joselevich