title: A rare case of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return to azygos vein without direct connection to great cardiac vessels.
abstract: A 17-year-old girl visited our hospital for an operation to correct a partial anomalous pulmonary venous return. All the right-side pulmonary veins returned to the azygos vein, which had no connection to the cardiac chamber through the great venous system, such as the superior or inferior vena cava. The azygos vein lacked a normal azygos arch and was connected by multiple connections only to the paravertebral plexus. For the surgical correction, a pericardiostomy was created in the right posterior pericardial wall and azygos vein which was divided at the diaphragm level and was anastomosed to the left atriotomy area through the pericardiostomy site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Sejong General Hospital, Gyeonggi Do, Republic of Korea. switch.surgeon@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jae Gun
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang-Ha
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D000792:Angiography; D001401:Azygos Vein / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D014056:Tomography, X-Ray; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery