title: Correlation of SATB1 overexpression with the progression of human rectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To date, the association between special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been reported. This study was aimed at investigating the expression and potential role of SATB1 in human rectal cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three paired samples of rectal cancer and distant normal rectal tissue were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the correlations between SATB1 expression and clinicopathological parameters were evaluated. The expression profiles of SATB1 were also investigated in a panel of five human colon carcinoma cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The general level of SATB1 mRNA in rectal cancer tissues was statistically significantly higher than that in normal mucosa (P = 0.043). The rate of positive SATB1 protein expression in rectal cancers (44.1%) was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (25.8%) by IHC analysis (P = 0.009). Overexpression of SATB1 mRNA was more predominant in patients with earlier onset of rectal cancer (P = 0.033). SATB1 expression correlated with invasive depth and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage at both protein and mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SATB1 expression in the poorly metastatic KM12C cells was significantly lower than the highly metastatic KM12SM and KM12L4A cells and higher than the HCT116 and SW480 cells (P = 0.001). These results were further confirmed by Western blotting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that SATB1 may play an important role in the progression of human rectal cancer, which represents a possible new mechanism underlying CRC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Jian
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiang-Heng
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zong-Guang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003710:Demography; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D036961:Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D036961:Matrix Attachment Region Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C076189:SATB1 protein, human