title: The effects of adiponectin and leptin on changes in bone mineral density.
abstract: We tested the hypothesis that low leptin and high adiponectin levels are associated with higher rates of bone mineral density (BMD) loss among 3,075 men and women, aged 70-79, from the Health Aging and Body Composition Study. Results suggest that adiponectin, but not leptin, is a risk factor for bone loss in women.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin and leptin are hormones secreted by adipose cells that may impact BMD. Few studies have evaluated the longitudinal association of leptin and adiponectin levels with rates of BMD change.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hip and whole-body areal BMD (aBMD) were measured five times using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry over 10 years (average follow-up time, 7.95 ± 1.92 years). Trabecular lumbar spine volumetric BMD (vBMD) was measured using quantitative computed topography at baseline and year 6 in the Pittsburgh cohort only. Random slope and intercept models were used to account for within person correlation as a result of repeated measures of hip and whole-body aBMD. Linear regression was used to model changes in spine trabecular vBMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among women, the annualized rate of hip aBMD loss in the highest tertile of adiponectin was -0.67% (95% CI -0.77, -0.58) compared to [-0.43% (95% CI -0.51, -0.35)] in the lowest tertile (p trend = 0.019) after adjusting for age, race, BMI, diabetes, baseline hip aBMD, and weight change. In men, hip aBMD loss was greatest in the high adiponectin group (tertile 3), however this association was not significant (p trend = 0.148). After adjusting for weight change in women, the association between higher leptin and lower hip aBMD loss was attenuated and no longer significant (p trend = 0.134). Leptin and adiponectin levels were not associated with whole-body aBMD or trabecular lumbar spine vBMD loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adiponectin was associated with increased hip aBMD loss in women only, supporting evidence that adiponectin may have an important role in bone health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. barbourk@edc.pitt.edu
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Barbour
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zmuda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boudreau
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Strotmeyer
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Horwitz
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kanaya
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cauley
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D051598:Whole Body Imaging
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin