title: Cartilage tissue engineering.
abstract: Cartilage tissue engineering is the art aimed at repairing defects in the articular cartilage which covers the bony ends in the joints. Since its introduction in the early 1990s of the past century, cartilage tissue engineering using ACI has been used in thousands of patients to repair articular cartilage defects. This review focuses on emerging strategies to improve cartilage repair by incorporating fundamental knowledge of developmental and cell biology in the design of optimized strategies for cell delivery at the defect site and to locally stimulate cartilage repair responses.
authors.forename: Liliana S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Moreira-Teixeira
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Georgi
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leijten
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karperien
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D044968:Regenerative Medicine / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology