title: Role of biological targeted therapies in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.
abstract: Approximately two-thirds of neuroendocrine tumours (NET) occur in the gastrointestinal tract and over 60% present with metastases. With greater insight into molecular pathways involved in tumour progression, opportunities are presented for the use of targeted therapies in NET. Although a wide array of targeted agents has been investigated, only a handful has emerged as forerunners from recent clinical trials. This literature review focuses on the use of anti-angiogenic monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, as well as small molecule inhibitors sunitinib and everolimus.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Cancer and Lymphoma Research Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK. yimkl2000@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Kein-Leong
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Yim
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D004701:Endocrine Gland Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D000068338:Everolimus; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077210:Sunitinib; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007211:Indoles; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011758:Pyrroles; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000068338:Everolimus; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077210:Sunitinib; D020123:Sirolimus