title: A novel proteomic biomarker panel as a diagnostic tool for patients with ovarian cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous reports have shown that the proteomic markers apolipoprotein A1, hepcidin, transferrin, inter-alpha trypsin IV internal fragment, transthyretin, connective-tissue activating protein 3 and beta-2 microglobulin may discriminate between a benign pelvic mass and ovarian cancer (OC). The aim was to determine if these serum proteomic biomarkers alone as well as in combination with age and serum CA125, could be helpful in triage of women with a pelvic mass.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included prospectively 144 patients diagnosed with (OC), 40 with a borderline tumor and 469 with a benign tumor. Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight-mass spectrometry was used for analyses. The Danish Index (DK-Index) based on the proteomic data, age and CA125 was developed using logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the selected proteomic markers, CA125 and age were independent predictors of OC and the combination of these is proposed as the DK-index. A sensitivity (SN) of 99% had a specificity (SP) of 57% for DK-index and 49% for CA125. At a SN of 95%, the SP increased to 81% for DK-index compared to 68% for CA125 alone. For stage I+II the SP was 58% for DK-index and 49% for CA125. For stage III+IV the corresponding values were 94% and 86% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DK-index warrants further evaluation in independent cohorts.
authors.affiliation: University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. hogdall@rh.dk
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Høgdall
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: Ib J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Lotte
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nedergaard
authors.forename: Svend A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Engelholm
authors.forename: Anette L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Petri
authors.forename: Signe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Risum
authors.forename: Lene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lundvall
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: Anette T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Dorthe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hartwell
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lomas
authors.forename: Estrid V S
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Høgdall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D040901:Proteomics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018394:CA-125 Antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins