title: The impact of a computerised whiteboard system on digit preference bias in the recording of emergency department process times.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Digit preference bias has previously been described in a number of different clinical settings including the emergency department. This study aimed to assess whether the implementation of a computerised recording system affects the digit preference bias in recording of times of arrival, assessment and departure at an emergency department.
  
  
  METHODS
  A preintervention/postintervention study was undertaken in a type 1 district general hospital emergency department that receives approximately 70 000 attendances per annum. Consecutive 8-week samples were taken before and after the introduction of an electronic whiteboard/patient tracking system. Timings of arrival, nursing and medical assessment and departure were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve thousand four hundred and ninety-three patients presented during the 8-week control period and 11 758 patients presented in the 8-week period after the introduction of electronic data capturing. Within the control group, over 80% of the nursing assessment (82.7%), medical examination (92.5%) and departure times (92.7%) ended in '0' or '5', compared with just over 20% after electronic recordings (22.0, 21.7 and 21.8% respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduction of the patient tracking system eliminated the digit preference bias found in recording of the time of nursing assessment, examination and departure that was present in the preintervention data.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Barnsley Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Barnsley, UK. sarahkeep@nhs.net
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Keep
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Locker
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D003201:Computers; D004526:Efficiency; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005385:Fingers; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D006113:United Kingdom; D014850:Waiting Lists