title: [Normative values of kinetic tests in VNG assessment].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Balance assessment plays an important role in occupational medicine. The diagnosis of patients with balance disturbances is based on a number of laboratory tests, including rotational chair tests, one of the most important. The normative value of kinetic tests greatly depends on movement parameters and laboratory equipment, which vary between diagnostic centers. The aim of the presented paper was to establish normatives for our laboratory and testing methodology in a group of healthy persons.
  
  
  METHODS
  The balance examination included 45 healthy persons (21 women and 24 men) aged 20-63 years (mean 38.5 +/- 14.9). The study population underwent very thorough neuro-otological examination, static posturography and VNG tests. The caloric test result was a crucial criterion for inclusion to the group of healthy persons. Rotational tests included: one "burst" test analyzing vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) with and without optokinetic stimulation visual vestibular optokinetic reflex (VVOR) and cervico-ocular reflex (COR); three impulse tests and sinusoidal harmonic rotation tests of 0.04, 0.08, 0.1, 0.16, 0.32, and 0.64 Hz.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values were: VVOR, 0.9 +/- 0.1; VOR, 0.5 +/- 0.1; and COR, 0.2 +/- 0.1. The mean value of rotational and post-rotational nystagmus induced by sudden chair stop (impulse stimulus) was 9 +/- 7 s, the gain values were 0.4 for sinusoidal tests, in the stimulation range of 0.1-0.32 and 0.5 for 0.64 Hz stimulation. There was no significant linear relationship between age and test parameters except for the test using sinusoidal-decreasing stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These normative values form the base for a closer incorporation of rotational tests in occupational medicine procedures.
authors.affiliation: Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera, Łódź, Klinika Audiologii i Foniatrii, Pracownia Zaburzeń Równowagi. zamysewa@imp.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zamysłowska-Szmytke
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sliwińska-Kowalska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002150:Caloric Tests / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D009760:Nystagmus, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D011044:Poland; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D012027:Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D012399:Rotation; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult