title: Stimulation of adult oligodendrogenesis by myelin-specific T cells.
abstract: In multiple sclerosis (MS), myelin-specific T cells are normally associated with destruction of myelin and axonal damage. However, in acute MS plaque, remyelination occurs concurrent with T-cell infiltration, which raises the question of whether T cells might stimulate myelin repair. We investigated the effect of myelin-specific T cells on oligodendrocyte formation at sites of axonal damage in the mouse hippocampal dentate gyrus. Infiltrating T cells specific for myelin proteolipid protein stimulated proliferation of chondroitin sulfate NG2-expressing oligodendrocyte precursor cells early after induction via axonal transection, resulting in a 25% increase in the numbers of oligodendrocytes. In contrast, T cells specific for ovalbumin did not stimulate the formation of new oligodendrocytes. In addition, infiltration of myelin-specific T cells enhanced the sprouting response of calretinergic associational/commissural fibers within the dentate gyrus. These results have implications for the perception of MS pathogenesis because they show that infiltrating myelin-specific T cells can stimulate oligodendrogenesis in the adult central nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. hhnielsen@health.sdu.dk
authors.forename: Helle
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hvilsted Nielsen
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toft-Hansen
authors.forename: Kate Lykke
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lambertsen
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Finsen
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D064032:Calbindin 2; D002452:Cell Count; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D018991:Myelin Proteolipid Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000473:pathology; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000276:immunology*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000276:immunology; D019580:Perforant Pathway / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D064032:Calbindin 2; D016207:Cytokines; D018991:Myelin Proteolipid Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G