title: Menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives' effects on growth hormone response to sprinting.
abstract: The present study examined the impact of the menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive (OC) use on the growth hormone response to non-motorized treadmill sprinting. Nine monophasic OC users (21.5 ± 4.7 years old), and 8 normally menstruating women (NM; 21.4 ± 2.9 years old) participated in the study. Each participant completed 2 main trials, each consisting of an all-out 30-s treadmill sprint. The NM group performed one trial in the midfollicular phase (NM follicular) and one in the midluteal phase (NM luteal); the OC group's trials occurred one week into the start of the pill-taking cycle and once during the week in which pills were not taken.Venous blood samples were analyzed for growth hormone, pH, lactate, glucose, and progesterone concentrations. Peak and mean power output did not differ between the groups or with menstrual phase, or between the OC-free and OC trials. Integrated growth hormone was greater in the OC group than in the NM group (p = 0.04) with no phase difference (p = 0.80, mean (SD); NM follicular: 421 (335) and NM luteal: 345 (304) vs. OC free: 737 (471) and OC: 758 (389) µg·L(-1)·90 min(-1)). Blood lactate was higher in the OC group than in the NM group (p = 0.007) and, conversely, pH was lower in the OC group (p = 0.01). These results demonstrate that OC users who take high-androgenicity pills have a higher growth hormone response to sprint running than do normally menstruating women.
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, UK. caroline.sunderland@ntu.ac.uk
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sunderland
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tunaley
authors.forename: Fleur
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Horner
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harmer
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Stokes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011374:Progesterone