title: Dissociative disorders and dissociative symptoms among veterans of the Iraq-Iran war suffering from chronic post-traumatic disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate any dissociative disorders in patients with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and find any relationship between dissociation and related variables in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case controlled study carried out among 130 male patients with PTSD, and 130 matched individuals from the normal population. The study was carried out between January and September 2005, at Beheshti Psychiatric Hospital, Kerman, Iran, Demographic data and history of childhood physical abuse and self-harm in both groups were recorded. The severity of PTSD was measured by Davidson PTSD scale in the study group. Dissociative symptoms were evaluated with the dissociative experience scale (DES). For evaluating dissociative disorders, the dissociative disorder interview schedule (DDIS) was used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age (+/- SD) of veterans was 41.46 (+/-5.09) years, and the mean age of going to the combat area was 29.4 (+/-5.015). The mean duration of involvement in combat was 27.8 (+/-23.44) months. The mean DES score in the study group was 26.01 (+/-12.31) and was 9.58 (+/-7.23) in the control group (F=1.171, p<0.0001). The mean score (+/-SD) of Davidson PTSD scale was 54+/-96 in the study group. The most prevalent dissociative disorder in the study group was psychogenic amnesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many veterans with the impression of chronic PTSD may have an additional diagnosis of dissociative disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kerman Medical University, Beheshti Hospital, Boulvar Ave, Kerman, Iran. Tel/Fax. +98 (341) 2110856. E-mail: ghaffari_ar@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Alireza G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Nejad
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Farahati