title: Toward a tripartite vision of supervision for psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapies: alliance, transference-countertransference configuration, and real relationship.
abstract: The psychoanalytic supervision relationship is examined as a tripartite phenomenon, comprised of the supervisory alliance, transference-countertransference configuration, and real relationship. While most supervisory analysts would readily acknowledge that a real (or personal) relationship element exists in analytic supervision, that facet of the supervision relationship has not routinely been incorporated into considerations of psychoanalytic supervision. In this vision of supervision, real relationship, supervisory alliance, and transference-countertransference configuration are presented as integral and complementary constructs that define psychoanalytic supervision. Each of those three components is examined briefly with regard to its beginnings, evolution, and contemporary status; each component is also considered from an empirical perspective. While we have a growing quantitative and qualitative research foundation that supports psychoanalytic practice, psychoanalytic supervision has largely been ignored as a subject and object of scientific study. Supervisory alliance, transference-countertransference configuration, and real relationship are explored as research ready variables. Some clinical hypotheses--eminently testable and worthy of investigation--are proposed with regard to each component of the model, and some ideas--albeit tentative and preliminary--about how to initiate such inquiries are offered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Psychology, UNT, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA. watkinsc@unt.edu
authors.forename: C Edward
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Watkins
mesh_terms: D035841:Behavioral Research; D003379:Countertransference; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011572:Psychoanalysis / Q000193:education*; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy / Q000193:education*; D014167:Transference, Psychology