title: Biocompatibility of sealers used in apical surgery: a histological study in rat subcutaneous tissue.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of sealers used in apical surgery in rat subcutaneous tissue. Sterile polyethylene tubes were filled with the following sealers: Sealapex, Sealapex with addition of zinc oxide, Sealer 26, Sealer 26 with thicker consistency (greater powder-to-resin ratio) and White MTA. The tubes were implanted in the dorsum of male rats and after 7, 21 and 42 days, the animals were killed, obtaining 5 specimens for each sealer in each evaluation period. The lateral surface of the tube was used as negative control. The inflammatory reaction to contact with the sealers was classified as absent, mild, moderate and severe. At 7 days, all sealers caused similar inflammatory reactions in the connective tissue of the animals, with most specimens presenting a moderate to intense chronic inflammatory reaction, with presence of multinucleated giant cells. At 21 days, Sealer 26 and Sealer 26 with thicker consistency presented more intense inflammatory reaction (p=0.004), whereas after 42 days, the inflammatory reaction ranged from absent to mild with statistically similar results for both materials (p=0.08). Except for MTA, all sealers presented foreign-body granulomatous reaction at 42 days. All sealers but Sealapex presented a statistically significant decrease of the inflammatory reaction over time. In conclusion, all sealers caused moderate to severe inflammation in the earlier evaluation period. However, Sealer 26 and Sealer 26 with thicker consistency caused more intense inflammatory reactions after 21 days of contact with the tissues and no granulomatous reaction was observed for MTA at the final period of analysis.
authors.affiliation: Dental School, UNAERP - University of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suely Aparecida
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Fuad Jacob Abi
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rached
authors.forename: Edson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alfredo
authors.forename: Jorge Esquiche
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: León
authors.forename: Danyel Elias da Cruz
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Perez
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001729:Bismuth / Q000494:pharmacology; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D002481:Cellulitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000473:pathology; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000139:chemically induced; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D009336:Necrosis; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012459:Salicylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012459:Salicylates; C080620:Sealer 26; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C055601:Sealapex; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D001729:Bismuth