title: Bacterial vaginosis and the natural history of human papillomavirus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate associations between common vaginal infections and human papillomavirus (HPV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from up to 15 visits on 756 HIV-infected women and 380 high-risk HIV-uninfected women enrolled in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS) were evaluated for associations of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and vaginal Candida colonization with prevalent HPV, incident HPV, and clearance of HPV in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacterial vaginosis (BV) was associated with increased odds for prevalent (aOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.26) and incident (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.47) HPV and with delayed clearance of infection (aHR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.97). Whereas BV at the preceding or current visit was associated with incident HPV, in an alternate model for the outcome of incident BV, HPV at the current, but not preceding, visit was associated with incident BV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings underscore the importance of prevention and successful treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, NCCDPHP, DRH, 4770 Buford Highway, Mailstop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. ccking@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Caroline C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Denise J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiener
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cu-Uvin
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rompalo
authors.forename: Keerti V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Jack D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sobel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014247:Trichomonas Vaginitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*