title: Electronic monitoring and feedback to improve adherence in pediatric asthma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of electronic monitoring and feedback to improve adherence in children taking daily asthma controller medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients with asthma and considered nonadherent participated. Inhalers were electronically monitored with the MDILogII(TM) device, and feedback was given by medical staff. Using a nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design, patients and their parents received bimonthly feedback regarding medication use. Following treatment, feedback was withdrawn and effects of monitoring alone were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three participants showed improvements in adherence following treatment, with more notable increases when baseline adherence was low. Improvements in the inhaler technique occurred for all patients. Some patients demonstrated improvements in lung functioning and functional severity. When feedback was withdrawn, adherence decreased for some participants, but technique improvements maintained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results support the use of objective monitoring devices for assessing pediatric asthma patients' adherence and indicate that feedback from medical staff may improve and maintain medication adherence for some patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Spaulding
authors.forename: Katie A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Devine
authors.forename: Christina L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Nevin W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hogan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents