title: Sonodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid and focused ultrasound for deep-seated intracranial glioma in rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has already been applied clinically as a photosensitizer. In this study, sonodynamically induced selective antitumour effect of 5-ALA for deep-seated lesions was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, normal rat brains were sonicated via a transducer placed on the dural surface to confirm safe acoustic conditions for normal rat brains. One week after inoculation of brains with C6 rat glioma cells, brains with/without administration of 5-ALA (100 mg/kg body weight) were sonicated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) with 5-ALA and focused ultrasound (10 W/cm(2), 1.04 MHz, 5 min) achieved selective antitumour effect against deep-seated experimental glioma. Mean tumour sizes in the largest coronal section in sham-operated rats and rats receiving ultrasound with/without 5-ALA were 29.94±10.39, 18.32±5.69 and 30.81±9.65 mm(2), respectively. Tumour size was significantly smaller in the SDT group than in other groups (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This experimental rat model showed that SDT appears to be useful in the treatment of deep-seated malignant glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fukuoka University, Faculty of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan. tadaohm@kouhoukai.or.jp
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohmura
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Hirotomo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibaguchi
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: Tooru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Shin-Ichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
mesh_terms: D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000637:transplantation; D003399:Craniotomy; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid