title: Resident duty-hour restrictions and their effect on operative experience in obstetrics and gynecology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of duty-hour restrictions on the operative experience of obstetrics and gynecology residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Operative numbers were obtained from graduates of Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minn., USA) and Good Samaritan Hospital (Cincinnati, Ohio, USA). Mean operative numbers between graduates in 2007 and 2003 were compared. The following procedures were evaluated: spontaneous vaginal delivery, forceps-assisted vaginal delivery, vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery, surgery on antenatal patients, amniocentesis, total abdominal hysterectomy, total vaginal hysterectomy, laparotomy, incontinence or pelvic floor surgery, operative laparoscopy, hysteroscopy, cervical conization, and surgical sterilization. The number of procedures performed (total and as the primary surgeon) were evaluated. We analyzed each institution's residents separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At Mayo Clinic, the 2007 graduates performed significantly fewer conizations than the 2003 graduates (p = 0.006). At Good Samaritan Hospital, the 2007 graduates performed significantly more vacuum-assisted vaginal deliveries (p = 0.002), cesarean deliveries (p = 0.002), and sterilizations (p < 0.001) than the 2003 graduates. The above findings were unchanged when evaluating procedures for which the resident was the primary surgeon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Duty-hour restrictions have not adversely affected the operative experience of obstetrics and gynecology residents. No significant differences in the number of the spontaneous vaginal deliveries, abdominal hysterectomies, or vaginal hysterectomies performed were observed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Occhino
authors.forename: Tiffany L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hannigan
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Baggish
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gebhart
mesh_terms: D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology / Q000193:education; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008910:Minnesota; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000193:education; D009775:Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital; D009820:Ohio; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000592:standards*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D000078329:Workforce; D016526:Workload / Q000706:statistics & numerical data