title: Vitamin D requirements and supplementation during pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The topic of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy is very controversial. This review attempts to provide balanced knowledge with respect to this topic gained in the past 18 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two recent reports, one by the Institute of Medicine, and one by The Endocrine Society are greatly divergent with respect to the nutritional requirement for vitamin D, as well as, the level of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D that is desirable. These recommendations will be discussed along with recent observational data and a recently completed randomized controlled trial dealing with vitamin D requirements during pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current evidence supports the concept that circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D should be 40-60  ng/ml (100-150  nmol) during pregnancy and a daily intake of 4000  IU vitamin D3 is required to attain that circulating level.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA. hollisb@musc.edu
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Hollis
authors.forename: Carol L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D