title: Evaluation of a new phencyclidine enzyme immunoassay for the detection of phencyclidine in urine with confirmation by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: We present an evaluation of a new phencyclidine (PCP) enzyme immunoassay (PCPI) for detection in urine. The PCPI was evaluated by testing 523 urine specimens. Controls containing 0 ng/mL of PCP and -25% (negative control) and +25% (positive control) of the 25 ng/mL cutoff calibrator were analyzed with each batch. All urines were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS-MS) for PCP. Of the 523 specimens tested, 218 yielded positive results by the PCP assay. HPLC-MS-MS confirmed the presence of at least 25 ng/mL in 214 specimens, indicating four false-positive results containing 11, 13, 16, and 20 ng/mL PCP. Three specimens yielded a negative result; however, PCP concentrations were within 20% of the 25 ng/mL cutoff value. The overall agreement of PCPI and HPLC-MS-MS results was 98.7%. The sensitivity of the PCPI was 0.982 and the specificity 0.987. Testing at 100 ng/mL of other drugs or their metabolites demonstrated no cross-reactivity. The within-run precision was CV = 2% (n = 12); the between-run precision was CV = < 6% (n = 4). The assay was found linear from -50% to 150% (12.5-37.5 ng/mL) of the cutoff concentration. The Lin-Zhi PCPI provides a precise, reliable method for the routine detection of phencyclidine in urine specimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Justin L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Poklis
authors.forename: Bethany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guckert
authors.forename: Carl E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Alphonse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poklis
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D010622:Phencyclidine / Q000652:urine*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006213:Hallucinogens; D010622:Phencyclidine