title: Discovery and preclinical validation of drug indications using compendia of public gene expression data.
abstract: The application of established drug compounds to new therapeutic indications, known as drug repositioning, offers several advantages over traditional drug development, including reduced development costs and shorter paths to approval. Recent approaches to drug repositioning use high-throughput experimental approaches to assess a compound's potential therapeutic qualities. Here, we present a systematic computational approach to predict novel therapeutic indications on the basis of comprehensive testing of molecular signatures in drug-disease pairs. We integrated gene expression measurements from 100 diseases and gene expression measurements on 164 drug compounds, yielding predicted therapeutic potentials for these drugs. We recovered many known drug and disease relationships using computationally derived therapeutic potentials and also predict many new indications for these 164 drugs. We experimentally validated a prediction for the antiulcer drug cimetidine as a candidate therapeutic in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma, and demonstrate its efficacy both in vitro and in vivo using mouse xenograft models. This computational method provides a systematic approach for repositioning established drugs to treat a wide range of human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 251 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305-5415, USA.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sirota
authors.forename: Joel T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dudley
authors.forename: Jeewon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Annie P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Alex A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sweet-Cordero
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sage
authors.forename: Atul J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Butte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D015195:Drug Design; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods*; D058492:Drug Repositioning; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans