title: S100A16 mediation of weight gain attenuation induced by dietary calcium.
abstract: Dietary calcium influences the regulation of energy metabolism, and weight gain is attenuated by a high-calcium diet. S100A16 is a novel calcium-binding signaling protein of the EF-hand superfamily that promotes adipogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of S100A16 on weight gain attenuation with a calcium-rich diet. An obese rat model was produced after feeding with a high-fat diet. Animals were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the diet provided over 8 weeks: normal diet group; high-fat, normal-calcium diet group; high-fat, high-calcium diet (HH) group; and high-fat, low-calcium diet group. Serum biochemistry was analyzed, and body weight and visceral fat pads were measured. Expression of S100A16 was assayed by Western blotting. Adipogenesis was detected by oil red O staining. Increases in body weight and visceral fat weight were attenuated in the HH group. High-calcium diets decreased the concentrations of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride. Expression of S100A16 decreased in the HH group. Using the 3T3-L1 preadipocyte model, it was observed that elevation of intracellular Ca(2+) via calcium ionophores led to the exclusion of S100A16 from the nucleus. Overexpression of S100A16 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes enhanced adipogenesis, although a significant reduction in Akt phosphorylation was also detected. High-calcium diets were associated with a significant reduction in body weight gain. High-calcium diets may lead to nuclear exclusion of S100A16, which results in the inhibition of adipogenesis and enhanced insulin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geratology, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Rihua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xinli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D009418:S100 Proteins; C557646:S100A16 protein, mouse; C570791:S100A16 protein, rat