title: Intracerebroventricular administration of neuronostatin induces depression-like effect in forced swim test of mice.
abstract: Neuronostatin is a recently discovered endogenous bioactive peptide that is encoded by pro-mRNA of somatostatin. In the present study, we investigated the effect of neuronostatin on mood regulation in the forced swim test of mice. Our results showed intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of neuronostatin produced an increase in the immobility time, suggesting that neuronostatin induced depression-like effect. In order to rule out the possibility that neuronostatin had increased immobility time by a non-specific reduction in general activity, the effect of neuronostatin on locomotor activity was examined. Neuronostatin had no influence on locomotor activity in mice. In addition, the depression-like effect of neuronostatin was completely reversed by melanocortin 3/4 receptor antagonist SHU9119 or GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline, but not by opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. These data suggested that the depression-like effect induced by i.c.v. administered neuronostatin was dependent upon the central melanocortin system and GABAA receptor. In conclusion, the results of this study report that neuronostatin induces depression-like effect. These findings reveal that neuronostatin is a new neuropeptide with an important role in regulating depressive behavior.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tian Shui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
authors.forename: Ai-min
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yue-ke
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Shu-fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Shao-bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Song-song
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ze-yun
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Qing-zhen
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003863:Depression / Q000139:chemically induced*; D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D057967:Infusions, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D009074:Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity; D009270:Naloxone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044104:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000378:metabolism; D060327:Solid-Phase Synthesis Techniques; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D058787:GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; C470053:Mc3r protein, mouse; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D044104:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 3; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; C103272:SHU 9119; D009270:Naloxone; D009074:Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormones; D001640:Bicuculline