title: Modulation of cytokines, resistin, and distribution of adipose tissue in C57BL/6 mice by different high-fat diets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether changing the lipid source induces metabolic changes and/or modulates the adipose tissue distribution in mice fed with a high-fat (HF) diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a 10-wk control diet (10% fat) or an HF diet (60% fat) containing lard (HF-L), olive oil (HF-O), sunflower oil, or canola oil. Food intake and body weight were measured. At euthanasia, blood was collected and adipose tissue was dissected. Serum hormones and cytokines were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma insulin levels were higher in the HF-L and HF-O groups than in the other three groups (P < 0.0001). The levels of resistin were highest in the HF-L and HF-O groups (P < 0.0001). Leptin expression was also highest in these two groups (P < 0.0001). Of the four groups, interleukin-6 was expressed at the highest level in the HF-L group (P < 0.0005), whereas adiponectin was expressed at the lowest level (P < 0.0001). The accumulation of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues was higher in the HF-L group compared with the other groups. This group was hypertrophic because of excess subcutaneous fat and epididymal fat in the adipocytes. However, the ratio of subcutaneous to visceral fat was significantly lower in the HF-L and HF-O groups compared with the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In mice fed fat-rich diets, the level of adipokines, the distribution of adipose tissue, and the metabolism of carbohydrates are more significantly influenced by the lipid content rather than the absolute amount of lipid.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catta-Preta
authors.forename: Marcela Anjos
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Tatiana Marlowe
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Cunha Brunini
authors.forename: Antonio Claudio
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mendes-Ribeiro
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mandarim-de-Lacerda
authors.forename: Marcia Barbosa
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Aguila
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes; D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D010938:Plant Oils; D052243:Resistin; C029310:lard