title: Co-pyrolysis of walnut shell and tar sand in a fixed-bed reactor.
abstract: This study investigated potential synergistic activities between tar sand and walnut shell during co-pyrolysis. A series of pyrolysis studies were conducted under specific operating conditions in a fixed-bed reactor. The highest yield of bio-oil from the co-pyrolysis was 31.84 wt.%, which represented an increase of 7.88 wt.% compared to the bio-oil yield from the pyrolysis of walnut shell alone. The bio-oils were characterized using various spectroscopic and chromatographic analysis techniques. The results indicated that the synergetic effect increased the co-pyrolysis bio-oil yield and its quality. Consequently, the results indicate that the bio-oils obtained will be suitable for the production of fuels and chemicals as feedstock after required improvements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mustafa Kemal University, İskenderun Campus, 31200 Hatay, Turkey. yakupkar@mku.edu.tr
authors.forename: Yakup
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kar
mesh_terms: D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature; D031324:Juglans; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods; D013818:Thermogravimetry