title: Out of the frying pan into the fire--the P300-based BCI faces real-world challenges.
abstract: Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been investigated for more than 20 years. Many BCIs use noninvasive electroencephalography as a measurement technique and the P300 event-related potential as an input signal (P300 BCI). Since the first experiment with a P300 BCI system in 1988 by Farwell and Donchin, not only data processing has improved but also stimuli presentation has been varied and a plethora of applications was developed and refined. Nowadays, these applications are facing the challenge of being transferred from the research laboratory into real-life situations to serve motor-impaired people in their homes as assistive technology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology I, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sonja C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kleih
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zickler
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halder
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leotta
authors.forename: Febo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cincotti
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aloise
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riccio
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herbert
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mattia
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kübler
mesh_terms: D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014584:User-Computer Interface