title: An Arabic version of the perceived stress scale: translation and validation study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Perceived Stress Scale has been designed to measure the degree to which situations in a person's life are perceived as stressful.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The paper describes the development of an Arabic version of the Perceived Stress Scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  A translation process with cross-cultural considerations was employed to produce an Arabic version of the Perceived Stress Scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were asked to complete the Arabic version Perceived Stress Scale twice in their homes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Jordanian study population for the Arabic version Perceived Stress Scale validation consisted of 126 volunteers (74 male, 52 female). Ninety participants completed the scale twice (55 male, 35 female), of whom 58 were high schools teachers and 32 technical workers. Arabic was the first language of all participants and all gave informed consent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Arabic version Perceived Stress Scale reliability and validity were evaluated. Prior to an exploratory factor analysis, the suitability of data for factor analysis was assessed with acceptable results. The exploratory factor analysis showed two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1.0 (45.0% of variance). The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.74 (Factor 1), 0.77 (Factor 2) and 0.80 for the Arabic version Perceived Stress Scale overall. The test-retest reliability had an intra-correlation coefficient of 0.90.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Arabic version Perceived Stress Scale showed an adequate reliability and validity. Therefore, the Arabic Perceived Stress Scale is considered a suitable instrument to assess perceived stress in Arabic people.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, PO Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, Australia. talm3809@uni.sydney.edu.au
authors.forename: Tawfiq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Almadi
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cathers
authors.forename: Ayman M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hamdan Mansour
authors.forename: Chin Moi
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D014175:Translating