title: Changing the sheets: a new system to reduce strain during patient repositioning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Manually repositioning patients puts healthcare providers at risk for injury; this may be reduced by using low-friction bedsheets.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical properties and the physiological measures of muscle activity and perceptual participant accounts between a new slider sheet system and traditional hospital bedsheet makeup (soaker pad with a jersey bottom sheet).
  
  
  METHODS
  Surface electromyography was recorded from the arm and shoulder muscles of five healthcare providers executing a patient repositioning (boosting and turning) in a controlled laboratory setting to gain an indication of muscle activity required for two types of bedsheets (slider system and traditional sheet makeup). The Borg Scale was used to establish rating of perceived exertion for these repositioning tasks on the two types of bedsheet makeup. To evaluate the sheets independent of human interaction and contact, the physical resistive characteristics of the sheets were calculated by determining the coefficient of friction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient repositioning on traditional sheets, compared with the slider system, resulted in 16% greater electromyography burst numbers and 11% longer duration for both boosting and turning. Moreover, ratings of perceived exertion for repositioning patients on traditional sheets versus on slider sheets were more than double. The coefficient of friction of the traditional sheets was 65% less in the slider sheet system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that manually repositioning patients on a low-friction slider system reduces muscular and perceived effort. Proper usage of this type of bedsheets may reduce the risks associated with musculoskeletal strain and injuries of the healthcare providers.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Theou
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Soon
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filek
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brims
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leach-Macleod
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Binsted
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jakobi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001512:Bedding and Linens; D004576:Electromyography; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017770:Lifting; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology