title: Feasibility of noninvasive near-infrared spectroscopy to diagnose detrusor overactivity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an optical technology able to detect the hemodynamic changes in biological tissues. Our objective was to determine the feasibility of applying NIRS in the noninvasive diagnosis of detrusor overactivity (DO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative analysis was performed on 39 involuntary detrusor contractions (IDC) from 23 filling cystometries with simultaneous noninvasive NIRS of the bladder in 14 patients with DO. Motion artifacts were checked for via surface EMG of the abdominal muscles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine IDC were obtained. The median amplitude of rise in detrusor pressure at DO was 48 cm H(2)O (range: 5-219). The median filling volume at DO was 148 ml (range: 9-531). NIRS curves demonstrated apparently significant deviations from baseline in 35 of 39 (90%) DO episodes. All onsets of NIRS deviations occurred within the time period of the IDC with a mean delay of 3 s (range: 0-9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NIRS can be a potential tool for the noninvasive diagnosis of DO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. F.Farag @ uro.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Fawzy F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Farag
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.forename: Wout F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Feitz
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Heesakkers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014554:Urination; D014563:Urodynamics; D014572:Urology / Q000379:methods*