title: Placental trophoblasts shifted Th1/Th2 balance toward Th2 and inhibited Th17 immunity at fetomaternal interface.
abstract: The aims were to clarify the effect of placental trophoblasts on T lymphocytes by assessing production of cytokines and expression of transcription factors regulating Th1, Th2, and Th17 immunity in T lymphocytes. Placental trophoblasts were isolated and conditioned medium was made after trophoblast cultivation for 72 h. T lymphocytes were cultured in presence or absence of conditioned medium. ELISA was used to detect concentration of IL-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-17 in supernatants of T cell and real-time PCR was used to detect the status of Th1 (T-bet, STAT-4), Th2 (GATA-3, STAT-6), and Th17 (RORC) immunity in T lymphocyte. We found that the level of IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17 was significantly decreased when T lymphocytes were cultured in conditioned medium compared with control, while IL-10 and IL-4 level were not significantly changed. The presence of conditioned medium significantly decreased the ratio of Th1/Th2. The expression of GATA-3 and STAT-6 were significantly increased and STAT-4 was reduced when T lymphocyte was cultured in conditioned medium, while the expression of T-bet and RORC was not significantly different. We concluded that placental trophoblast-induced shift of Th1/Th2 balance toward Th2 and inhibition of Th17 might be among the mechanisms involved in maternal tolerance to fetus.
authors.forename: Fengjuan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hanzhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Fanyi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Hefeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Minyue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000032:analysis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology; D011247:Pregnancy; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007376:Interleukin-2; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494101:STAT6 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma