title: Efficacy of methanolic extract of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits on Toxocara vitulorum.
abstract: In this study, the effect of the methanolic extract of Balanites aegyptiaca fruits (BAE) on adult Toxocara vitulorum was evaluated after incubating the parasites in Ringer solution containing 10, 30, 60, 120 and 240 μg/ml of the methanolic extract, for 24h using light and scanning electron microscopic observations. Differences in response to BAE action were concentration dependent. These changes occurred in definite sequences in response to BAE concentration and were consisted of slightly swelling which became pronounced and so severe, with lips showed wrinkled cuticular surface and deformed sensory papillae on increasing the BAE concentration. The strongest effects were reached with the highest BAE concentration, where disorganization of the cuticle and body musculature was observed. Additionally, the ovicidal effect of BAE, at the previous concentrations, on the development of T. vitulorum eggs was examined after 12h exposure. The inhibitory activity of BAE on egg development was concentration dependent and the highest value reached to 100% with the concentration of 240 μg/ml. These results were compared with those observed in the worm cuticle and eggs following incubation in albendazole, as it was a broad-spectrum nematodicidal compound with well-known ovicidal activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt. shalaby85@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hatem A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Shalaby
authors.forename: Amira H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: El Namaky
authors.forename: Fathia A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.forename: Omnia M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Kandil
mesh_terms: D015766:Albendazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032430:Balanites / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010063:Ovum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014119:Toxocara / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D014120:Toxocariasis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D015766:Albendazole