title: Ethnic differences in the effects of the DASH diet on nocturnal blood pressure dipping in individuals with high blood pressure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ethnic differences in nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping may contribute to the increased risk for adverse cardiovascular events noted in African Americans (AAs). The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet has been shown to be efficacious in lowering clinic and ambulatory BP; however, the effect of the DASH diet on BP dipping is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighteen men and women with high clinic BP (systolic BP (SBP) 130-159; diastolic BP 85-99) and above ideal body weight were randomized to a DASH diet intervention or to a usual diet control (UC) condition. Measures of 24-h ambulatory BP were obtained at baseline and at the end of the 4-month intervention period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, AAs (n = 43) displayed blunted nocturnal SBP dipping compared to Caucasians (CAs; n = 75) and were more likely to be categorized as nondippers (<10% nocturnal decline in SBP, AAs: 51% vs. CAs: 27%). AAs randomized to the DASH diet intervention showed a significant improvement in SBP dipping postintervention compared to AAs in the UC condition (P = 0.04), whereas there was no appreciable change in SBP dipping in CAs (P = 0.72). Following the intervention, ethnic differences in SBP dipping were no longer statistically significant (nondipper status: AAs: 44% vs. CAs: 32%; P = 0.19).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides preliminary evidence suggesting that in overweight men and women with high BP, AAs may be especially likely to benefit from augmented SBP dipping associated with consumption of the DASH diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Aric A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Prather
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hinderliter
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sherwood
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001741:Black or African American