title: [Determination of photoinitiators in printing inks used in food contact materials].
abstract: A new analytical method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques was developed for the determination of five photoinitiators (PIs), benzophenone (BP), 4-methylbenzophenone (MBP), ethyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EDAB), 2-ethylhexyl-4-dimethylaminobenzoate (EHDAB) and 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (Irgacure 184), in the printing inks used in food contact materials. The test solutions were extracted from selected food contact materials using Soxhlet extractor with ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent. By adding 50 and 200 microg/L of a standard mixture of photoinitiators into the extracts of the blank packaging materials, the recoveries obtained were in the range of 66.7%-89.4%. The repeatability of the method was assessed by determining the contents of the photoinitiators in five types of food contact materials, and the results were lower than 10%. The instrumental detection limits (IDLs) and method quantification limits (MQLs) were in the range of 2.9-6.0 microg/L and 0.0017-0.0036 mg/dm2, respectively. The method was applied in the analysis of about twenty real samples (yogurt carton, milk carton, fruit juice carton and plastic bags samples). The most significant pollutants were BP and MBP. The concentrations of Irgacure 184, EDAB and EHDAB found in three individual samples were 0.84 mg/dm2, 0.2 mg/dm2 and 1.2 mg/dm2, respectively. The work proposed a new method to analyze the migration level of initiators from the inks.
authors.affiliation: Technical Center for Safety of Industrial Products, Tianjin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Tianjin 300042, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ningtao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Libing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001577:Benzophenones / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D007281:Ink; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000032:analysis; D011327:Printing
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C047723:benzophenone; C549177:4-methylbenzophenone