title: Evidence-based community consultation for traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to determine if geospatial techniques can be used to inform targeted community consultation (CC) and public disclosure (PD) for a clinical trial requiring emergency exception from informed consent (EFIC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from January 2007 to December 2009 were extracted from a Level I trauma center's trauma database using the National Trauma Registry of the American College of Surgeon (NTRACS). Injury details, demographics, geographic codes, and clinical data necessary to match core elements of the clinical trial inclusion criteria (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] 3-12 and blunt head injury) were collected on all patients. Patients' home zip codes were geocoded to compare with population density and clustering analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over a 2-year period, 179 patients presented with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Mapping the rate and frequency of TBI patients presenting to the trauma center delineated at-risk populations for moderate to severe head injury. Four zip codes had higher incidences of TBI than the rest, with one zip code having a very high rate of 80 per 100,000 population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Geospatial techniques and hospital data records can be used to characterize potential subjects and delineate a high-risk population to inform directed CC and public disclosure strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. calynch@emory.edu
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Debra E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Houry
authors.forename: Dajun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D030881:Disclosure; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000941:ethics; D055416:Evidence-Based Emergency Medicine; D005260:Female; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007258:Informed Consent; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012042:Registries; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D055815:Young Adult