title: A-kinase anchoring proteins: scaffolding proteins in the heart.
abstract: The pleiotropic cyclic nucleotide cAMP is the primary second messenger responsible for autonomic regulation of cardiac inotropy, chronotropy, and lusitropy. Under conditions of prolonged catecholaminergic stimulation, cAMP also contributes to the induction of both cardiac myocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis. The formation of localized, multiprotein complexes that contain different combinations of cAMP effectors and regulatory enzymes provides the architectural infrastructure for the specialization of the cAMP signaling network. Scaffolds that bind protein kinase A are called "A-kinase anchoring proteins" (AKAPs). In this review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how PKA is compartmentalized within the cardiac myocyte by AKAPs and how AKAP complexes modulate cardiac function in both health and disease.
authors.affiliation: Département de Pharmacologie et de Toxicologie, Faculté de Biologie et Médecine, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. dario.diviani@unil.ch
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Diviani
authors.forename: Kimberly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Dodge-Kafka
authors.forename: Jinliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kapiloff
mesh_terms: D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases