title: Actigraph accelerometer-defined boundaries for sedentary behaviour and physical activity intensities in 7 year old children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accurate objective assessment of sedentary and physical activity behaviours during childhood is integral to the understanding of their relation to later health outcomes, as well as to documenting the frequency and distribution of physical activity within a population.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To calibrate the Actigraph GT1M accelerometer, using energy expenditure (EE) as the criterion measure, to define thresholds for sedentary behaviour and physical activity categories suitable for use in a large scale epidemiological study in young children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Accelerometer-based assessments of physical activity (counts per minute) were calibrated against EE measures (kcal x kg(-1) x hr(-1)) obtained over a range of exercise intensities using a COSMED K4b(2) portable metabolic unit in 53 seven-year-old children. Children performed seven activities: lying down viewing television, sitting upright playing a computer game, slow walking, brisk walking, jogging, hopscotch and basketball. Threshold count values were established to identify sedentary behaviour and light, moderate and vigorous physical activity using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EE was significantly associated with counts for all non-sedentary activities with the exception of jogging. Threshold values for accelerometer counts (counts x minute(-1)) were <100 for sedentary behaviour and ≤2240, ≤3840 and ≥3841 for light, moderate and vigorous physical activity respectively. The area under the ROC curves for discrimination of sedentary behaviour and vigorous activity were 0.98. Boundaries for light and moderate physical activity were less well defined (0.61 and 0.60 respectively). Sensitivity and specificity were higher for sedentary (99% and 97%) and vigorous (95% and 91%) than for light (60% and 83%) and moderate (61% and 76%) thresholds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The accelerometer cut points established in this study can be used to classify sedentary behaviour and to distinguish between light, moderate and vigorous physical activity in children of this age.
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pulsford
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cortina-Borja
authors.forename: Carly
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.forename: Florence-Emilie
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Kinnafick
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dezateux
authors.forename: Lucy J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D056044:Actigraphy / Q000379:methods*; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D057185:Sedentary Behavior