title: Breast cancer in a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a cases series report and an incidence rate estimate.
abstract: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has changed the morbidity pattern affecting HIV-infected individuals to include non-AIDS-defining cancers. We describe the breast cancer cases occurring in a cohort of 860 HIV-infected women followed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and estimate the incidence rate of breast cancer for this population. Nine cases were identified; median age at diagnosis was 46 years. Median survival after breast cancer diagnosis was 12 months. Breast cancer diagnosis was made within 2 to 15 years of HIV-infection diagnosis. At breast cancer diagnosis, CD4 counts ranged from 135 to 782 cells/mm3; six women were receiving HAART. Histological analysis indicated infiltrating ductal carcinoma in all cases. The incidence rate of breast cancer was 133 cases per 100,000 persons-year. Patients from our case series were late diagnosed with breast cancer and thus suffered from worse prognosis. Strategies targeting earlier diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment are needed.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Angela Cristina Vasconcelos de
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Paula Mendes
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.forename: Valdiléa Gonçalves
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Veloso
authors.forename: Sandra Wagner
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Ronaldo Ismerio
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grinsztejn
authors.forename: Ruth Khalili
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015996:Survival Rate