title: Influence of copper morphology in forming nucleation seeds for graphene growth.
abstract: We report that highly crystalline graphene can be obtained from well-controlled surface morphology of the copper substrate. Flat copper surface was prepared by using a chemical mechanical polishing method. At early growth stage, the density of graphene nucleation seeds from polished Cu film was much lower and the domain sizes of graphene flakes were larger than those from unpolished Cu film. At later growth stage, these domains were stitched together to form monolayer graphene, where the orientation of each domain crystal was unexpectedly not much different from each other. We also found that grain boundaries and intentionally formed scratched area play an important role for nucleation seeds. Although the best monolayer graphene was grown from polished Cu with a low sheet resistance of 260 Ω/sq, a small portion of multilayers were also formed near the impurity particles or locally protruded parts.
authors.affiliation: BK21 Physics Division, WCU Department of Energy Science, Center for Nanotubes and Nanostructured Composites, and Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon 440-746, Korea.
authors.forename: Gang Hee
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Fethullah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Güneş
authors.forename: Jung Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Eun Sung
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Hyeon-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pribat
authors.forename: Young Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee