title: Development and validation of a movement and activity in physical space score as a functional outcome measure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate a functional measure, the Movement and Activity in Physical Space (MAPS) score, that encompasses both physical activity and environmental interaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational matched-pair cohort with 2-month follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  General community under free-living conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult participants (N=18; n=9 postsurgical, n=9 matched control; mean age ± SD, 28.9 ± 12.0y) were monitored by an accelerometer and global positioning system receiver for 3 days within 1 week (4.1 ± 2.8d) after knee surgery (T=0) and 2 months later (T+2). The healthy controls were matched for age, sex, smoking, perceived physical activity level, and occupation of a postsurgical participant. Correlation, t test (with Bonferroni adjustment: α=.05/2), analysis of variance, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to establish validity and reliability evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  MAPS scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MAPS scores were moderately correlated with the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (P<.05). There was a significant group difference at T = 0 for MAPS (t(9.9)=-3.60; P=.01). Analysis of variance results for the MAPS indicated a time and group interaction (F(1,12)=4.60, P=.05). Reliability of 3 days of MAPS scores ranged from 0.75 to 0.81 (postsurgical and control), and 2-month test-retest reliability in the control group was 0.94.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results provide a foundation of convergent and known-group difference validity evidence along with reliability evidence for the use of MAPS as a functional outcome measure.
authors.affiliation: Healthy Lifestyles Research Center, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, USA. sherrmann@kumc.edu
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Erin M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Snook
authors.forename: Minsoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Caralynn B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Mick G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Dompier
authors.forename: Brian G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Ragan
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D009043:Motor Activity; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D015203:Reproducibility of Results