title: Pharmacological treatment of adult ADHD in Europe.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is now widely accepted that ADHD is a frequent chronic condition with a lifelong perspective. Adult ADHD is a reliable and valid diagnosis. The disorder and the co-morbid conditions can place a severe burden on the patients, their families and their partners, requiring adequate treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic literature search was conducted to review the available pharmacological treatment options for adults with ADHD in European countries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Supported by meta-analyses, stimulant medication is the first-line pharmacological therapy for adult ADHD. However, from a European perspective the pharmacological treatment options are very limited and only a minority of adults with ADHD in European countries receives adequate treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With reference to the epidemiological data, it seems very likely that the number of people with ADHD in Europe seeking multimodal treatment including pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, coaching or other therapeutic services will increase profoundly during the coming years.
authors: Neurocenter - Saarland University Hospital, Homburg/Saar, Germany. wolfgang.retz@uks.eu
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Retz
authors: Petra
authors: P
authors: Retz-Junginger
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Thome
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Rösler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants