title: Effect of cinnamon on gastric emptying, arterial stiffness, postprandial lipemia, glycemia, and appetite responses to high-fat breakfast.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cinnamon has been shown to delay gastric emptying of a high-carbohydrate meal and reduce postprandial glycemia in healthy adults. However, it is dietary fat which is implicated in the etiology and is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the effect of 3 g cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) on GE, postprandial lipemic and glycemic responses, oxidative stress, arterial stiffness, as well as appetite sensations and subsequent food intake following a high-fat meal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-blind randomized crossover study assessed nine healthy, young subjects. GE rate of a high-fat meal supplemented with 3 g cinnamon or placebo was determined using the 13C octanoic acid breath test. Breath, blood samples and subjective appetite ratings were collected in the fasted and during the 360 min postprandial period, followed by an ad libitum buffet meal. Gastric emptying and 1-day fatty acid intake relationships were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cinnamon did not change gastric emptying parameters, postprandial triacylglycerol or glucose concentrations, oxidative stress, arterial function or appetite (p < 0.05). Strong relationships were evident (p < 0.05) between GE Thalf and 1-day palmitoleic acid (r = -0.78), eiconsenoic acid (r = -0.84) and total omega-3 intake (r = -0.72). The ingestion of 3 g cinnamon had no effect on GE, arterial stiffness and oxidative stress following a HF meal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3 g cinnamon did not alter the postprandial response to a high-fat test meal. We find no evidence to support the use of 3 g cinnamon supplementation for the prevention or treatment of metabolic disease. Dietary fatty acid intake requires consideration in future gastrointestinal studies.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  at http://www.clinicaltrial.gov: NCT01350284.
authors: Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
authors: Oonagh
authors: O
authors: Markey
authors: Conor M
authors: CM
authors: McClean
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Medlow
authors: Gareth W
authors: GW
authors: Davison
authors: Tom R
authors: TR
authors: Trinick
authors: Ellie
authors: E
authors: Duly
authors: Amir
authors: A
authors: Shafat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats