title: Spontaneous epidural hematoma of thoracic spine presenting as Brown-Séquard syndrome: report of a case with review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is an uncommon clinical entity. It produces a severe neurological deficit and prompt decompression is usually the first choice of treatment. Brown-Séquard syndrome is commonly seen in the setting of spinal trauma or an extramedullary spinal neoplasm, but rarely caused by SSEH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report and literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A previously healthy man presented with Brown-Séquard syndrome below T5-T6 cord segment secondary to spontaneous epidural hematoma. He opted for conservative treatment, which was followed by rapid resolution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although Brown-Séquard syndrome as a presenting feature of SSEH is rare, it does exist in exceptional case, which should be taken into consideration for differential diagnosis. Prompt surgical decompression is an absolute surgical indication widely accepted for patient with progressive neurological deficit. However, SSEH presenting with incomplete neurological insult such as Brown-Séquard syndrome might have a benign course. Successful non-operative management of this problem does not make it a standard of care, and surgical decompression remains the standard treatment for SSEH.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, China.
authors: Hong-Xin
authors: HX
authors: Cai
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Liu
authors: Jian-Feng
authors: JF
authors: Zhang
authors: Shuang-Lin
authors: SL
authors: Wan
authors: Kenzo
authors: K
authors: Uchida
authors: Shun-Wu
authors: SW
authors: Fan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018437:Brown-Sequard Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D046748:Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae