title: Levels and patterns of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) and their associations with thyroid hormones in hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) mother-pup pairs.
abstract: Blood (plasma/serum) samples from 14 adult female and their pups (1-4 days old) captured in the West Ice, east of Greenland were analysed for concentrations of total and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine (TT4, FT4, TT3, FT3), and hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs). The levels of all thyroid hormones (THs) were significantly higher in pups than in mothers. Sum OH-PCB levels (ΣOH-PCBs: 4-OH-CB107, 3'-OH-CB138, 4-OH-CB146, 4'-OH-CB172, 4-OH-CB187) were significantly higher in mothers (3.98 ± 1.55 pmol/g; 1.40 ± 0.54 ng/g wet weight) as compared to pups (1.95 ± 0.78 pmol/g; 0.68 ± 0.28 ng/g wet weight). Plasma levels of TT4 and FT4 in mothers increased as a function of pup age, as did levels of individual OH-PCBs in both mothers and pups. The pattern of OH-PCBs in the pups was similar to their mothers. We suggest that OH-PCBs found in pups are transferred from their mothers during gestation and that the transfer also continues after parturition via milk. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that in pups, 4-OH-CB107 and 3'-OH-CB138 were negatively associated with FT4:FT3 and TT3:FT3 ratios, respectively. These relationships were confirmed by partial correlation analysis correcting for pup age. PCA suggested that 4'-OH-CB172 and 4-OH-CB187 were negatively associated with TT3 in mothers. However, this was not confirmed by correlation tests. Although statistical relationships should be interpreted with caution, the study indicates that young developing seals are more sensitive compared to adults with respect to TH-related effects of OH-PCBs.
authors: Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. kristin.moller.gabrielsen@bio.ntnu.no
authors: Kristin Møller
authors: KM
authors: Gabrielsen
authors: Gro Dehli
authors: GD
authors: Villanger
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Lie
authors: Mahin
authors: M
authors: Karimi
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Lydersen
authors: Kit M
authors: KM
authors: Kovacs
authors: Bjørn Munro
authors: BM
authors: Jenssen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D009035:Mothers; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D046048:Seals, Earless / Q000097:blood*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls