title: The association between neck pain, the Neck Disability Index and cervical ranges of motion: a narrative review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Cervical Ranges of Motion (CROM) are measurement tools that are used for neck pain patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the literature to determine how the NDI is associated with neck pain and CROM outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Computer based searches of 5 databases were performed and supplemented by internet and hand searching of article references and "related citations."
  
  
  RESULTS
  The search yielded 23 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and these were summarized into four categories: NDI, NDI and other questionnaires, whiplash and NDI and cervical range of motion and NDI. The NDI was shown to be a well validated and reliable self-reported questionnaire, especially when compared to other questionnaires, in both neck pain and whiplash (WAD) patients. There are very few studies that discuss the NDI and cervical range of motion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This review outlines the strength of the NDI as a self-reported neck disability questionnaire, but also demonstrates a need for further research to explore the association between the NDI, neck pain and cervical ranges of motion.
authors: Emily R. Howell, BPHE(Hons), DC, Ashbridge's Health Centre, 1522 Queen St. East, Toronto, ON M4L 1E3.
authors: Emily R
authors: ER
authors: Howell