title: Immediate breast reconstruction after skin- or nipple-sparing mastectomy for previously augmented patients: a personal technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast reconstruction for previously augmented patients differs from breast reconstruction for nonaugmented patients. Many surgeons regard conservation therapy as not feasible for these patients because of implant complications, whether radiotherapy-induced or not. Despite this, most authors agree that mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction is the most suitable choice, ensuring both a good cosmetic result and a low complication rate. Implant retention or removal remains a controversial topic in addition to the best available surgical technique. This study reviewed the authors' experience with immediate breast reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy (SSM) and nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with anatomically definitive implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The retrospective records of 12 patients were examined (group A). These patients were among 254 patients who underwent SSM or NSM for breast carcinoma. The control group comprised 12 of the 254 patients submitted to SSM or NSM (group B) who best matched the 12 patients in the studied group. All of them underwent immediate breast reconstruction, with an anatomically definitive implant placed in a submuscular-subfascial pocket. The demographic, technical, and oncologic data of the two groups were compared as well as the aesthetic outcomes using the Breast Q score. The proportion of complications, the type of implant, the axillary lymph node procedure, and the histology were compared between the two groups using Fisher's exact test. Student's t test was used to compare the scores for the procedure-specific modules of the breast Q questionnaire in the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A validated patient satisfaction score was obtained using the breast Q questionnaire after breast reconstruction. The demographic, technical, and oncologic characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. The previously augmented patients reported a significantly higher level of satisfaction with their breast than the control patients. The scores for the other procedure-specific modules were similar in the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A valid immediate one-stage implant reconstruction can be obtained for previously augmented patients by placing the implant in a submuscular-subfascial pocket reinforced by the periprosthetic capsule of the previous prosthesis.
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Breast Unit, Catholic University of "Sacro Cuore"-University Hospital "A. Gemelli", Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
authors: Marzia
authors: M
authors: Salgarello
authors: Dario
authors: D
authors: Rochira
authors: Liliana
authors: L
authors: Barone-Adesi
authors: Eugenio
authors: E
authors: Farallo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000473:pathology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires