title: Push-out bond strength of two new calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers to root canal dentine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the push-out bond strength of two new calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers in the root canals of extracted teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty extracted single-rooted central incisors of similar sizes were selected randomly and distributed to three groups (n = 10). All canals were instrumented using ProTaper rotary instruments to achieve tapered canal walls. Irrigation was performed using 5 mL 2.5% NaOCl between each instrument, and the smear layer was removed using 5 mL 17% EDTA. The canals were filled with three different sealers using a cold lateral compaction technique: group 1: AH Plus + gutta-percha, group 2: I Root SP + gutta-percha and group 3: MTA Fillapex + gutta-percha. Three horizontal sections were prepared at a thickness of 1 mm ± 0.1 in the apical, middle and coronal parts of each root. The test specimens were subjected to the push-out test method using a Universal Test Machine (Instron, Canton, MA, USA) that carried 1-mm, 0.5-mm and 0.3-mm plungers for coronal, middle and apical specimens, respectively. The loading speed was 1 mm min(-1) . The push-out data were analysed by two-way analysis of variance (anova) and the post hoc Holm-Sidak test, with significance set at P < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the coronal specimens, there was no significant difference between the sealers. In the middle and apical segments, there was no significant difference between I Root SP and AH Plus groups. However, the I Root SP and AH Plus had significantly higher bond strength values than the MTA Fillapex (P < 0.05). In terms of root segments, the bond strengths in the middle specimens and the apical specimens were higher compared with the bond strengths in the coronal specimens (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the bond strengths in the middle and apical specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTA Fillapex had the lowest push-out bond values to root dentine compared with other sealers.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. buraksagsen@erciyes.edu.tr
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Sagsen
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Ustün
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Demirbuga
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Pala
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D017640:Silicates; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; C031293:calcium silicate