title: Topical versus peribulbar anesthesia in non-penetrating deep sclerectomy. A cost-effectiveness analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the costs and cost-effectiveness ratio of topical and peribulbar anesthesia in non-penetrating deep sclerectomy for the surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the associated direct costs with both topical and peribulbar anesthesia. Effectiveness was defined as the proportion of patients that experienced no pain during the surgical procedure and was obtained from the literature. Cost-effectiveness was defined as direct cost of anesthesia per patient with no pain. We also calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in order to determine which intervention was dominant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Direct costs were US$ 45.60 and US$ 49.18 for topical and peribulbar anesthesia respectively. The great majority of patients experienced no pain with any of the procedures (91.7% for the topical group and 69.7% for the peribulbar group). Cost-effectiveness ratio was US$ 49.73 for topical anesthesia and US$ 70.56 for peribulbar anesthesia. The ICER was negative and topical anesthesia was dominant over peribulbar anesthesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topical anesthesia was less costly and more effective than peribulbar anesthesia in avoiding pain in non-penetrating deep sclerectomy.
authors: Paletta Guedes Ophthalmic Center and Federal University of Juiz de Fora, av Rio Branco 2337, grupo 801/807/808, Centro Juiz de Fora 36010-905, Brazil. palettaguedes@yahoo.com
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Paletta Guedes
authors: V M
authors: VM
authors: Paletta Guedes
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Chaoubah
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Montesi Pereira
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Montesi Pereira
authors: A C
authors: AC
authors: Pereira Da Silva
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics; D001938:Brazil; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000601:surgery; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local