title: Serotype and genotype analysis of dengue virus by sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis using samples from three mini outbreaks-2007-2009 in Pakistan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the first reported outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan, several mini outbreaks have erupted in the region. Dengue virus serotype 3 (DEN-3) was first documented in 2005 outbreak in Karachi. Reports show that serotype 3 is prevalent in Lahore since 2008. Serotype 2 (DEN-2) is the major circulating serotype in Pakistan as it is documented since 1994. We have conducted a detailed study of three outbreaks of dengue virus infection that occurred in years 2007, 2008 and 2009 in Lahore by using molecular techniques such as PCR and nucleotide sequencing of the C-prM gene junction of Dengue virus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Through the analysis of 114 serum samples collected over the period of three years (2007-2009), total 20 patients were found to be infected with dengue virus. In year 2007, four were positive for serotype 2 and one sample was positive for serotype DEN-3. In 2008, five samples had concurrent infection with serotypes DEN-2 and DEN-3 while three samples were infected only with serotype DEN-2. In year 2009, one sample had concurrent infection with serotypes DEN-2 and DEN-3 while six were positive for serotype DEN-2 only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed that serotype DEN-2 was dominant in positive samples of dengue virus infection collected during the period of three years (2007-2009). The other serotype present was serotype DEN-3. Genotypes of serotype DEN-2 and serotype DEN-3 were subtype IV and subtype III, respectively.
authors: Division of Molecular Virology, CEMB University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore-53700, Pakistan.
authors: Zareen
authors: Z
authors: Fatima
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Idrees
authors: Mohammad A
authors: MA
authors: Bajwa
authors: Zarfishan
authors: Z
authors: Tahir
authors: Obaid
authors: O
authors: Ullah
authors: Muhammad Q
authors: MQ
authors: Zia
authors: Abrar
authors: A
authors: Hussain
authors: Madiha
authors: M
authors: Akram
authors: Bushra
authors: B
authors: Khubaib
authors: Samia
authors: S
authors: Afzal
authors: Saira
authors: S
authors: Munir
authors: Sana
authors: S
authors: Saleem
authors: Bisma
authors: B
authors: Rauff
authors: Sadaf
authors: S
authors: Badar
authors: Mahrukh
authors: M
authors: Naudhani
authors: Sadia
authors: S
authors: Butt
authors: Mahwish
authors: M
authors: Aftab
authors: Liaqat
authors: L
authors: Ali
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Ali
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012703:Serotyping; D019595:Severe Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins