title: An expanded palette of genetically encoded Ca²⁺ indicators.
abstract: Engineered fluorescent protein (FP) chimeras that modulate their fluorescence in response to changes in calcium ion (Ca(2+)) concentration are powerful tools for visualizing intracellular signaling activity. However, despite a decade of availability, the palette of single FP-based Ca(2+) indicators has remained limited to a single green hue. We have expanded this palette by developing blue, improved green, and red intensiometric indicators, as well as an emission ratiometric indicator with an 11,000% ratio change. This series enables improved single-color Ca(2+) imaging in neurons and transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. In HeLa cells, Ca(2+) was imaged in three subcellular compartments, and, in conjunction with a cyan FP-yellow FP-based indicator, Ca(2+) and adenosine 5'-triphosphate were simultaneously imaged. This palette of indicators paints the way to a colorful new era of Ca(2+) imaging.
authors: Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
authors: Yongxin
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Satoko
authors: S
authors: Araki
authors: Jiahui
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Teramoto
authors: Yu-Fen
authors: YF
authors: Chang
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Nakano
authors: Ahmed S
authors: AS
authors: Abdelfattah
authors: Manabi
authors: M
authors: Fujiwara
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Ishihara
authors: Takeharu
authors: T
authors: Nagai
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D019020:Directed Molecular Evolution; D005453:Fluorescence; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D015202:Protein Engineering; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium