title: Association of moderate coffee intake with self-reported diabetes among urban Brazilians.
abstract: Coffee has been associated with reductions in the risk of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCD), including diabetes mellitus. Because differences in food habits are recognizable modifying factors in the epidemiology of diabetes, we studied the association of coffee consumption with type-2 diabetes in a sample of the adult population of the Federal District, Brazil. This cross-sectional study was conducted by telephone interview (n = 1,440). A multivariate analysis was run controlling for socio-behavioural variables, obesity and family antecedents of NCCD. A hierarchical linear regression model and a Poisson regression were used to verify association of type-2 diabetes and coffee intake. The independent variables which remained in the final model, following the hierarchical inclusion levels, were: first level-age and marital status; second level-diabetes and dyslipidaemias in antecedents; third level-cigarette smoking, supplement intake, body mass index; and fourth level-coffee intake (≤100 mL/d, 101 to 400 mL/day, and >400 mL/day). After adjusting hierarchically for the confounding variables, consumers of 100 to 400 mL of coffee/day had a 2.7% higher (p = 0.04) prevalence of not having diabetes than those who drank less than 100 mL of coffee/day. Compared to coffee intake of ≤100 mL/day, adults consuming >400 mL of coffee/day showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes. Thus, moderate coffee intake is favourably associated with self-reported type-2 diabetes in the studied population. This is the first study to show a relationship between coffee drinking and diabetes in a Brazilian population.
authors: Núcleo de Nutrição, Laboratório de Bioquímica da Nutrição, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro-Asa Norte. CEP 70910-900 Brasília-DF, Brazil. liliane.machado25@gmail.com
authors: Liliane M M
authors: LM
authors: Machado
authors: Teresa H M
authors: TH
authors: da Costa
authors: Eduardo F
authors: EF
authors: da Silva
authors: José G
authors: JG
authors: Dórea
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003069:Coffee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee