title: Biomarkers for identifying the early phases of osteoarthritis secondary to medial patellar luxation in dogs.
abstract: The levels of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) in synovial fluid (SF) and serum in cases of canine osteoarthritis (OA) were measured. OA was induced by a surgically-created medial patellar luxation in the left stifle of 24 dogs. SF and blood samples were collected at 1.5- and 3-month intervals, respectively. Every 3 months, one dog was euthanatized to collect tissue samples from both stifles. TRAP levels in SF and serum were measured using a spectrophotometer, and TRAP-positive cells in joint tissues were identified by enzyme histochemistry. MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in SF and serum were detected by Western blotting and ELISA, respectively. TRAP in SF from the stifles and serum was significantly increased (p < 0.05) after 3 months. TIMP-2 in SF and serum was significantly decreased (p < 0.05), whereas MMP-2 in SF was significantly increased (p < 0.05) during the progression of OA. Histochemistry revealed an increased number of TRAP-positive cells in tissues from OA-affected joints. Assays measuring TRAP, MMP-2, and TIMP-2 in SF and serum, and methods that detect increased numbers of TRAP-positive cells in the joint tissues can play an important role in identifying the early phases of degenerative changes in canine joint components.
authors: Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh. alammr74@yahoo.com
authors: Md Rafiqul
authors: MR
authors: Alam
authors: Joong Ryong
authors: JR
authors: Ji
authors: Min Su
authors: MS
authors: Kim
authors: Nam Soo
authors: NS
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000662:veterinary; D013264:Stifle / Q000503:physiopathology; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000201:enzymology*; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2