title: Recreational cycling and cardiorespiratory fitness in English youth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Schoolchildren who cycle to school have higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than those who are driven or use public transport. The purpose of this study was to determine whether recreational cycling is similarly associated with CRF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 5578 (54% males) English schoolchildren (10.0-15.9 yr). All reported frequency of recreational cycling events via 7-d recall. Responses were categorized as follows: "noncyclists" = 0, "occasional cyclists" = 1-4, or "regular cyclists" = 5+ (times per week). CRF was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test with performance classified as "fit" or "unfit" based on FITNESSGRAM standards.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 26% of males and 46% of females were noncyclists. Compared with noncyclists, the 40% of males and 42% of females classified as occasional cyclists were more likely to be fit (males: odds ratio (OR) = 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07-1.59; females: OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.13-1.76). Regular cyclists (34% males and 12% females) had a greater likelihood still of being classified as fit (males: OR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.29-1.95; females: OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.09-2.20). No odds remained significant after adjusting for physical activity. Removal of participants who cycled to school had little overall effect on the likelihood of being classified as being fit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous research has focused only on young people's commuter cycling habits, at the expense of the more common activity of recreational cycling. Recreational cycling may provide an alternative target for interventions to increase physical activity and improve CRF youth. Recreational cycling could potentially serve as a way to gain cycling confidence and establish habits that act as precursors to commuter cycling.
authors: Centre for Sports and Exercise Science, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom.
authors: Mark S
authors: MS
authors: Maher
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Voss
authors: Ayodele A
authors: AA
authors: Ogunleye
authors: Dominic
authors: D
authors: Micklewright
authors: Gavin R H
authors: GR
authors: Sandercock
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000886:Anthropometry; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D004739:England; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012574:Schools; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires