title: Involvement of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in predisposition to head and neck cancer in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Individuals differ in their inherited tendency to develop cancer. This has been suggested to be due to genetic variations between individuals. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common form of genetic variations found in the human population. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between 10 SNPs in genes involved in cell cycle control and DNA repair (p21 C31A, p53 G72C, ATM G1853A, XRCC1 G399A, XRCC3 C241T, Ku80 A2790G, DNA Ligase IV C9T, DNA-PKcs A3434G, TGF-beta T10C, MDM2 promoter T309G) and the risk to develop head and neck cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 407 individuals (156 cancer patients and 251 controls) was included. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. SNPs were genotyped by direct sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data showed significant allelic associations for p21 C31A (p=0.04; odds ratio [OR]=1.44; confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-2.03), Ku80 A2790G (p=0.04; OR=1.5; CI: 1.01-2.23), and MDM2 T309G (p=0.0003; OR=0.58; CI: 0.43-0.78) and head and neck cancer occurrence. Both cancer cases and controls were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SNPs can be associated with head and neck cancer in the Saudi population. The p21 C31A, Ku80 A2790G, and MDM2 T309G SNPs could be used as genetic biomarkers to screen individuals at high cancer risk.
authors: Radiation Biology Section, Biomedical Physics Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Khaled S
authors: KS
authors: Al-Hadyan
authors: Najla M
authors: NM
authors: Al-Harbi
authors: Sara S
authors: SS
authors: Al-Qahtani
authors: Ghazi A
authors: GA
authors: Alsbeih
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; C000606509:Xrcc6 protein, human; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen