title: Recent advances in the biodegradation of chlorothalonil.
abstract: Chlorothalonil (TPN; 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile) has been widely used as a broad-spectrum chlorinated aromatic fungicide and its application resulted in global pollution commonly detected in the diverse ecosystems. Recently, microbial degradation of TPN has been studied extensively as an effective and environmental-friendly method to reduce TPN residue levels in the environment. This review summarizes the current knowledge of recent developments in the biodegradation of TPN. Diverse pure culture strains capable of degrading TPN were widely distributed among Proteobacteria and several metabolic pathways of TPN biotransformation were discovered. The two key genes (glutathione S-transferase and chlorothalonil hydrolytic dehalogenase coding gene) responsible for the conversion of TPN and recent findings for future practical bioremediation of TPN-contaminated ecosystem are also discussed.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
authors: Guangli
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Liang
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Li
authors: Shunpeng
authors: S
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000378:metabolism*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000378:metabolism*; D020560:Proteobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D009570:Nitriles; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C005806:tetrachloroisophthalonitrile