title: Sonography-based Automated Volume Count to estimate fetal urine production in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: comparison with Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sonography-based Automated Volume Count (SonoAVC) is an automated, operator-independent, 3-dimensional ultrasound technique. The study goal was to assess agreement between SonoAVC and Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) for bladder volume measurements and fetal urine production (FUP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective study of recipient bladder volumes in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome acquired with SonoAVC and VOCAL every 2 minutes during 30 minutes before and 24 hours after laser coagulation. FUP formulas: (V(2) - V(1)) × 60/time interval in minutes; and slope of linear regression of ≥ 3 consecutively increasing bladder volumes × 60 minutes. Bland-Altman plots were used to compare techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 38 pregnancies, 560 bladder measurements were acquired. Mean FUP was 7.29 mL/h (95% confidence interval, 5.66-8.92) using SonoAVC and 6.79 mL/h (95% confidence interval, 5.16-8.42) using VOCAL (P = .14). Limits of agreement were -0.20 to 0.22 cm(3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal bladder volume and FUP measurements using SonoAVC were comparable to VOCAL. SonoAVC is operator independent, easy, and fast.
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands. w.j.kist@lumc.nl
authors: Willem J
authors: WJ
authors: Kist
authors: Femke
authors: F
authors: Slaghekke
authors: Ramesh
authors: R
authors: Papanna
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Johnson
authors: Frank P
authors: FP
authors: Vandenbussche
authors: Ron
authors: R
authors: Wolterbeek
authors: Dick
authors: D
authors: Oepkes
mesh_terms: D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005330:Fetofetal Transfusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000652:urine; D009929:Organ Size; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014556:Urine