title: Combined effects of 60 Hz electromagnetic field exposure with various stress factors on cellular transformation in NIH3T3 cells.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have suggested that extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) are associated with an increased incidence of cancer. Studies using in vitro systems have reported mixed results for the effects of ELF-MF alone, and the World Health Organization (WHO) Research Agenda published in 2007 suggested that high priority research should include an evaluation of the co-carcinogenic effects of ELF-MF exposure using in vitro models. Here, the carcinogenic potential of ELF-MF exposure alone and in combination with various stress factors was investigated in NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts using an in vitro cellular transformation assay. NIH3T3 cells were exposed to a 60 Hz ELF-MF (1 mT) alone or in combination with ionizing radiation (IR), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), or c-Myc overexpression, and the resulting number of anchorage-independent colonies was counted. A 4 h exposure of NIH3T3 cells to ELF-MF alone produced no cell transformation. Moreover, ELF exposure did not influence the transformation activity of IR, H₂O₂, or activated c-Myc in our in vitro assay system, suggesting that 1 mT ELF-MF did not affect any additive or synergistic transformation activities in combination with stress factors such as IR, H₂O₂, or activated c-Myc in NIH3T3 cells.
authors: Division of Radiation Effects, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hae-June
authors: HJ
authors: Lee
authors: Yeung Bae
authors: YB
authors: Jin
authors: Jae Seon
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: Jong-Il
authors: JI
authors: Choi
authors: Ju-Woon
authors: JW
authors: Lee
authors: Sung Ho
authors: SH
authors: Myung
authors: Yun-Sil
authors: YS
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000378:metabolism; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing
chemical_list: D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide