title: L-securinine induced the human colon cancer SW480 cell autophagy and its molecular mechanism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the anti-tumor effects of L-securinine inducing colon cancer SW480 cell autophagy and explore its potential molecular mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  MTT method was used to detect the antitumor effect of SW480 cells cultured with L-securinine in vitro. Light and electron microscopy were used to observe SW480 cells treated with L-securinine morphological changes. Flow cytometry was used to observe the apoptoticratio and cell cycle inducing with the L-securinine in SW480 cells, and the autophagic apoptosis ratio was determined by FITC-conjugated annexin V by flow cytometry (FCM). FCM was applied to analysis cell cycle; the expression of autophagy gene Beclin-1 was examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The generation depression effects of SW480 cells cultured in vitro were detected byMTT method (Pb0.05), and there were dosage-time dependent relationships. Numerous autophagic vacuoles and empty vacuoles were observed in SW480 cells treated with 2.5 μM L-securinine for 48 h by electron microscopy, and the process of cell division that got less was observed.Through flow cytometry, a number of observed autophagic cells were obviously increased, and G1/S phase was retarded. L-Securinine tended to arrest cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The percentage of the apoptotic cells increased as treatment duration and concentrations increased. Beclin-1 expression enhanced with L-securinine concentration increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  L-Securinine has an anti-tumor effect against colon cancer SW480 cell. The L-securinine can induce striking autophagy in SW480 cell in vitro. The autophagy induced by L-securinine is related with upregulating the expression of autophagy gene Beclin-1.
authors: Department of Oncology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China.
authors: Yong-Hui
authors: YH
authors: Xia
authors: Chuan-Rong
authors: CR
authors: Cheng
authors: Shu-Yan
authors: SY
authors: Yao
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Zhao-Ning
authors: ZN
authors: Ji
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000071186:Beclin-1; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019665:Euphorbiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006572:Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001381:Azepines; C491997:BECN1 protein, human; D000071186:Beclin-1; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D006572:Heterocyclic Compounds, Bridged-Ring; D007783:Lactones; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010880:Piperidines; D010936:Plant Extracts; C000785:securinine