title: Latrine promotion for trachoma: assessment of mortality from a cluster-randomized trial in Ethiopia.
abstract: Trachoma control strategies, including latrine construction and antibiotic distribution, are directed at reducing ocular chlamydia, but may have additional benefits. In a cluster-randomized clinical trial, 24 subkebeles (administrative geographic units) in Ethiopia were offered a single mass azithromycin treatment, and half were randomized to receive an intensive latrine promotion. At a follow-up census 26 months after the baseline treatment, 320 persons had died. The mortality rate of children 1-5 years of age was 3.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.19-6.82) per 1,000 person-years in the latrine promotion arm, and 2.72 (95% CI = 1.37-5.42) per 1,000 person-years in the control arm. In a multi-level mixed effects logistic regression model controlling for age, there was no difference in mortality in persons randomized into the latrine or control arms (odds ratio = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.89-1.58). Latrine promotion provided no additional effect on mortality in the context of an azithromycin distribution program (clinicaltrials.gov, #NCT00322972).
authors: Carter Center Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
authors: Teshome
authors: T
authors: Gebre
authors: Berhan
authors: B
authors: Ayele
authors: Mulat
authors: M
authors: Zerihun
authors: Jenafir I
authors: JI
authors: House
authors: Nicole E
authors: NE
authors: Stoller
authors: Zhaoxia
authors: Z
authors: Zhou
authors: Kathryn J
authors: KJ
authors: Ray
authors: Bruce D
authors: BD
authors: Gaynor
authors: Travis C
authors: TC
authors: Porco
authors: Paul M
authors: PM
authors: Emerson
authors: Thomas M
authors: TM
authors: Lietman
authors: Jeremy D
authors: JD
authors: Keenan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D014038:Toilet Facilities; D014141:Trachoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017963:Azithromycin