title: Resveratrol attenuates apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells induced by high shear stress and proinflammatory factors.
abstract: Endothelial injury usually underlies the initial pathologic step of cardiovascular diseases. Primary endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis and secondary hyperproliferation both contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and luminal occlusion. In order to investigate the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on EC apoptosis, we applied high shear stress (HSS) with proinflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) plus cycloheximide] to human pulmonary microvascular ECs (PMVECs) through an artificial capillary system. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by spectrofluorometry using dihydrorhodamine 123 fluorescent probe. Apoptosis and proliferation was determined by flow cytometric analysis. Protein expression was examined by Western blot. HSS plus inflammation significantly raised the ROS and the apoptosis level of PMVECs, which could be diminished by RSV pretreatment. In a 7-days incubation assay, RSV effectively inhibited the initial increase in apoptosis and thereby prevented subsequent PMVEC hyperproliferation induced by HSS plus inflammation. Mercaptosuccinate, a glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1) inhibitor or nicotinamide, a silent information regulator 2/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor could attenuate the antiapoptotic action of RSV on PMVECs; and RSV treatment upregulated GPx-1 and SIRT1 expression in PMVECs. In conclusion, RSV, probably by activating SIRT1 signaling pathway, inhibits the oxidative-stress-dependent phenotypical shift of ECs induced by HSS and proinflammatory factors in vitro.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Liang
authors: L
authors: Xia
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Ding
authors: Jun-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Zhu
authors: Guo-Sheng
authors: GS
authors: Fu
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D000077185:Resveratrol; D033081:Shear Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000502:physiology; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013267:Stilbenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003513:Cycloheximide; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D000077185:Resveratrol