title: Precise minute ventilation delivery using a bag-valve mask and audible feedback.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy of a modified bag-valve mask (BVM) with a ventilation rate alarm system was compared with conventional BVM to maximize adequate minute ventilation volume delivery in a manikin model.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 30-minute instructional session on how to use the 2 types of BVM, volunteers were randomly assigned to ventilate a manikin in a 2-minute arrest simulation using 2 different types of BVM. The manikin cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed with a mechanical chest compression device, to which we added a rate alarm, which makes a ticking sound to indicate each second and buzzes every sixth second, to ensure a regular ventilation rate (10 breaths per minute). Fifty-two volunteers attempted to squeeze the classic BVM at a rate of 8 to 10 times per minute during 2-minute trial (volume marked BVM [VBVM]). After a 1-hour break, artificial ventilation was performed at a rate of 9 times per minute with the guidance of the rate alarm (rate and volume adjusted BVM [RVBVM]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no correlations between the data and the participants' physical characteristics or levels of training. In this study, the accuracy of minute ventilation between the 2 groups showed a significant difference (P < .001). The minute ventilation rate was constant in the RVBVM group, whereas in the VBVM group, the minute ventilation rate was irregular.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a manikin arrest model, the use of RVBVM results in a more constant and regular minute tidal ventilation rate than the use of VBVM and is, therefore, expected to produce more favorable outcomes in practical resuscitative situations.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon 301-721, Republic of Korea.
authors: Jung Soo
authors: JS
authors: Lim
authors: Yong Chul
authors: YC
authors: Cho
authors: O Yu
authors: OY
authors: Kwon
authors: Sung Pil
authors: SP
authors: Chung
authors: Kwoen
authors: K
authors: Yu
authors: Seung Whan
authors: SW
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D056902:Clinical Alarms; D005260:Female; D006336:Heart Massage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D008397:Masks; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*