title: Estrogen receptors and the metabolic network.
abstract: The metabolic syndrome has reached pandemic level worldwide, and evidence is that estradiol plays a key role in its development. The discovery of the second estrogen receptor, ERβ, in tissues previously not considered targets of estradiol was a breakthrough in endocrinology. In the present review, we discuss how the presence of ERβ and the previously described ERα in tissues involved in glucose and lipid homeostasis (brain, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, pancreas, liver, and heart) may have important implications to risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome. Imbalance of ERα/ERβ ratio in this "metabolic network" may lead to the metabolic syndrome.
authors: Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA. rbarros@central.uh.edu
authors: Rodrigo P A
authors: RP
authors: Barros
authors: Jan-Åke
authors: JÅ
authors: Gustafsson
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; C109584:GPER1 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D004958:Estradiol; D005947:Glucose