title: Cultural patterns in children's learning through keen observation and participation in their communities.
abstract: This chapter examines children's learning through careful attention and participation in the ongoing activities of their community. This form of learning, which has been called learning through Intent Community Participation, seems to be especially common in Mesoamerican Indigenous communities. In these communities, children are integrated into the everyday work and lives of adults and their learning may not be the central focus. We contrast this pattern with that of middle-class European American communities where children are segregated from the primary adult functions of the community. In middle-class communities and schools, children are often encouraged to engage in abstract lessons where their attention is explicitly directed to specific events. In contrast, learning through keen attention and observation may rely on learning through attention to instructions not specifically directed to the learner. Studies demonstrate Mesoamerican Indigenous children's ability to learn through simultaneous and open attention to overheard or observed activities. This form of learning is supported through multiple modalities of communication and interaction. Motivation to learn stems from the learner's inclusion into the major activities and goals of the community. Implications of research and future directions for the study of learning through keen observation are discussed.
authors: Department of Psychology, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Maricela
authors: M
authors: Correa-Chávez
authors: Amy L D
authors: AL
authors: Roberts
authors: Margarita Martínez
authors: MM
authors: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000523:psychology; D007223:Infant; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012931:Social Environment; D012932:Social Facilitation; D012951:Socialization; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology