title: Structural identification of mouse fecal metabolites of theaflavin 3,3'-digallate using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: Black tea consumption has been associated with many health benefits including the prevention of cancer and heart disease. Theaflavins are the major bioactive polyphenols present in black tea. Unfortunately, limited information is available on their biotransformation. In the present study, we investigated the metabolic fate of theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (TFDG), one of the most abundant and bioactive theaflavins, in mouse fecal samples using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry by analyzing the MS(n) (n=1-3) spectra. Four metabolites theaflavin, theaflavin 3-gallate, theaflavin 3'-gallate, and gallic acid were identified as the major mouse fecal metabolites of TFDG. Glucuronidated and sulfated, instead of methylated metabolites of theaflavin 3-gallate, theaflavin 3'-gallate, and TFDG were detected and identified as the minor mouse fecal metabolites of TFDG. Our results indicate that TFDG can be degraded in mice. Further studies on the formation of those metabolites in TFDG-treated mice in germ-free conditions are warranted. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the biotransformation of TFDG in mice.
authors: Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
authors: Huadong
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: Tiffany A
authors: TA
authors: Parks
authors: Xiaoxin
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Nicholas D
authors: ND
authors: Gillitt
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Jobin
authors: Shengmin
authors: S
authors: Sang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D001711:Biotransformation; D002392:Catechin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013431:Sulfates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D044946:Biflavonoids; D005965:Glucuronates; D013431:Sulfates; D013662:Tea; C077197:theaflavin digallate; D005707:Gallic Acid; D002392:Catechin