title: Peculiarities of clinical profile of snoring and mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to perform comprehensive evaluation of the snoring and mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) patients for their anatomical, functional, and psychoemotional clinical properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-four snoring patients, aged 24 to 64 (mean 41.83 ± 11.01) years underwent full-night polysomnography, nasopharyngoscopy, and Mueller maneuver. Clinical tests battery consisting of visual analogue scales (VAS) scales, Lithuanian version of Sleep Apnea Quality of Life Index (SAQLI-LT), Spielberg's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were applied to assess their distinctive clinical properties.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total group of snoring and mild to moderate OSAHS patients presented with considerably enlarged VAS snoring and daytime sleepiness scores (mean 66.32 ± 19.07 and 35.03 ± 27.83 points), mild BDI-II scores (mean 10.96 ± 9.42 points), and moderate trait anxiety scores (mean 41.51 ± 8.62 points). All the scores of daytime complaints measured with the VAS correlated statistically significantly with the mean scores of the ESS, SAQLI-LT, trait anxiety, and BDI-II. Both groups, of snoring and mild to moderate OSAHS patients, indicated similar intensity of the major complaints according to the VAS, same as similar BDI-II, STAI, and SAQLI-LT scores. A higher Friedman's score of palatal tonsils was found in the group of snoring patients, comparing to that of the group of mild to moderate OSAHS patients (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Snoring and mild to moderate OSAHS patients have resemblances in their distinctive anatomical and clinical properties. This group of the patients revealed mild depression and moderate trait anxiety scores when measured with the BDI-II and STAI, which correlated significantly with the severity of the patients' daytime complaints measured with the VAS.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Medical Academy of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. balseviciai@gmail.com
authors: Tomas
authors: T
authors: Balsevičius
authors: Virgilijus
authors: V
authors: Uloza
authors: Raimundas
authors: R
authors: Sakalauskas
authors: Skaidrius
authors: S
authors: Miliauskas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017286:Polysomnography; D011594:Psychometrics; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D012913:Snoring / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology