title: Circulating microRNA expression is reduced in chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression, which have roles in renal development and disease. They exist in biological fluids including blood and urine and may have signalling roles and potential as disease biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the levels of miRNAs in patients with different stages of chronic kidney failure including those receiving maintenance haemodialysis treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with severe chronic renal failure, circulating levels of total and specific miRNAs are reduced in comparison to patients with mild renal impairment or normal renal function. A strong correlation exists between detected circulating miRNAs and estimated glomerular filtration rate, and less strong correlations with other features of chronic kidney disease, such as anaemia and hyperparathyroidism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings have important implications for the use of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers in individuals with renal impairment and for the pathogenesis of uraemia.
authors: Department of Renal Medicine, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.
authors: Calida S
authors: CS
authors: Neal
authors: Michael Z
authors: MZ
authors: Michael
authors: Letitia K
authors: LK
authors: Pimlott
authors: Tuck Y
authors: TY
authors: Yong
authors: Jordan Y Z
authors: JY
authors: Li
authors: Jonathan M
authors: JM
authors: Gleadle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D055354:Exosomes / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014511:Uremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D035683:MicroRNAs