title: Protected effect of Esenbeckia leiocarpa upon the inflammatory response induced by carrageenan in a murine air pouch model.
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of Esenbeckia leiocarpa against the inflammation caused by the carrageenan using a murine air pouch model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of the crude hydroalcoholic extract (CHE), fractions (n-hexane (Hex) and ethyl acetate (AcOEt)), subfractions (polar (Pol) and nonpolar (Nonpol)), or isolated compounds (dihydrocorynantheol (DHC) and beta-sitosterol (β-Sit)) isolated from CHE upon leukocytes, exudate, myeloperoxidase (MPO) adenosine-deaminase (ADA), nitrate/nitrite (NO(x)), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and inhibitory kappa-B-alpha (IκB-α) degradation were evaluated. The CHE, Alk, Pol, Nonpol, DHC and β-Sit, inhibited leukocytes, exudate, MPO and ADA, NO(x), IL-1β, and TNF-α (P<0.05). The Hex and AcOEt fractions inhibited all of the proinflammatory parameters, except the exudate. The compound DHC prevented the IκB-α degradation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  E. leiocarpa possesses important anti-inflammatory properties. These inhibitory effects occurred along with the downregulation of nitric oxide, IL-1β and TNF-α levels. The isolated compounds DHC and β-Sit may be partially responsible for these anti-inflammatory effects.
authors: Department of Clinical Analyses, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário-Trindade, 88040-970, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Liz
authors: Danielle Fontana
authors: DF
authors: Pereira
authors: Heros
authors: H
authors: Horst
authors: Eduardo Monguilhott
authors: EM
authors: Dalmarco
authors: Juliana Bastos
authors: JB
authors: Dalmarco
authors: Edésio Luiz
authors: EL
authors: Simionatto
authors: Moacir Geraldo
authors: MG
authors: Pizzolatti
authors: Denis
authors: D
authors: Girard
authors: Tânia Silvia
authors: TS
authors: Fröde
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000032:analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012855:Sitosterols; C007398:dihydrocorynantheol; C025473:gamma-sitosterol; D002351:Carrageenan; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase