title: Fatty liver, abdominal visceral fat, and cardiometabolic risk factors: the Jackson Heart Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to examine whether fatty liver and abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are jointly associated with cardiometabolic abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Black participants were from the Jackson Heart Study (n=2882, 65% women) who underwent computed tomography. Fatty liver was measured by liver attenuation in Hounsfield units (LA), and VAT was quantified volumetrically. Cross-sectional associations between LA, VAT, and cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed using linear and logistic regression, and their joint associations were further examined in 4 subgroups: high-LA/low-VAT (n=1704), low-LA/low-VAT (n=422), high-LA/high-VAT (n=436), and low-LA/high-VAT (n=320). Both LA and VAT were associated with most cardiometabolic traits (all P<0.0001), which persisted after additional adjustment for each other (LA, P<0.01-0.0001; VAT, P<0.0001). In bootstrap analyses, the regression coefficient of VAT was significantly greater than LA for triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, impaired glucose, and metabolic syndrome (P=0.009-0.0001). The interaction between LA and VAT was significant for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.002), impaired glucose (P=0.003), and metabolic syndrome (P=0.04). Among 4 subgroups, participants with higher VAT and lower LA had higher prevalence of cardiometabolic traits than those with each condition alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both fatty liver and VAT are independent correlates of cardiometabolic risk, but the associations are stronger for VAT than for fatty liver.
authors: Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39213-4505, USA. jliu@umc.edu
authors: Jiankang
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Caroline S
authors: CS
authors: Fox
authors: DeMarc
authors: D
authors: Hickson
authors: Aurelian
authors: A
authors: Bidulescu
authors: J Jeffery
authors: JJ
authors: Carr
authors: Herman A
authors: HA
authors: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044383:Black People / Q000208:ethnology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008922:Mississippi; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides