title: Sustainable syntrophic growth of Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195 with Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough and Methanobacterium congolense: global transcriptomic and proteomic analyses.
abstract: Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195 (DE195) was grown in a sustainable syntrophic association with Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DVH) as a co-culture, as well as with DVH and the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanobacterium congolense (MC) as a tri-culture using lactate as the sole energy and carbon source. In the co- and tri-cultures, maximum dechlorination rates of DE195 were enhanced by approximately three times (11.0±0.01 μmol per day for the co-culture and 10.1±0.3 μmol per day for the tri-culture) compared with DE195 grown alone (3.8±0.1 μmol per day). Cell yield of DE195 was enhanced in the co-culture (9.0±0.5 × 10(7) cells per μmol Cl(-) released, compared with 6.8±0.9 × 10(7) cells per μmol Cl(-) released for the pure culture), whereas no further enhancement was observed in the tri-culture (7.3±1.8 × 10(7) cells per μmol Cl(-) released). The transcriptome of DE195 grown in the co-culture was analyzed using a whole-genome microarray targeting DE195, which detected 102 significantly up- or down-regulated genes compared with DE195 grown in isolation, whereas no significant transcriptomic difference was observed between co- and tri-cultures. Proteomic analysis showed that 120 proteins were differentially expressed in the co-culture compared with DE195 grown in isolation. Physiological, transcriptomic and proteomic results indicate that the robust growth of DE195 in co- and tri-cultures is because of the advantages associated with the capabilities of DVH to ferment lactate to provide H(2) and acetate for growth, along with potential benefits from proton translocation, cobalamin-salvaging and amino acid biosynthesis, whereas MC in the tri-culture provided no significant additional benefits beyond those of DVH.
authors: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1710, USA.
authors: Yujie
authors: Y
authors: Men
authors: Helene
authors: H
authors: Feil
authors: Nathan C
authors: NC
authors: Verberkmoes
authors: Manesh B
authors: MB
authors: Shah
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Johnson
authors: Patrick K H
authors: PK
authors: Lee
authors: Kimberlee A
authors: KA
authors: West
authors: Stephen H
authors: SH
authors: Zinder
authors: Gary L
authors: GL
authors: Andersen
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Alvarez-Cohen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041862:Chloroflexi / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D016969:Desulfovibrio vulgaris / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D017014:Methanobacterium / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D040901:Proteomics; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates