title: Two glycosyltransferases involved in anthocyanin modification delineated by transcriptome independent component analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: To identify candidate genes involved in Arabidopsis flavonoid biosynthesis, we applied transcriptome coexpression analysis and independent component analyses with 1388 microarray data from publicly available databases. Two glycosyltransferases, UGT79B1 and UGT84A2 were found to cluster with anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. Anthocyanin was drastically reduced in ugt79b1 knockout mutants. Recombinant UGT79B1 protein converted cyanidin 3-O-glucoside to cyanidin 3-O-xylosyl(1→2)glucoside. UGT79B1 recognized 3-O-glucosylated anthocyanidins/flavonols and uridine diphosphate (UDP)-xylose, but not 3,5-O-diglucosylated anthocyanidins, indicating that UGT79B1 encodes anthocyanin 3-O-glucoside: 2''-O-xylosyltransferase. UGT84A2 is known to encode sinapic acid: UDP-glucosyltransferase. In ugt84a2 knockout mutants, a major sinapoylated anthocyanin was drastically reduced. A comparison of anthocyanin profiles in ugt84a knockout mutants indicated that UGT84A2 plays a major role in sinapoylation of anthocyanin, and that other UGT84As contribute the production of 1-O-sinapoylglucose to a lesser extent. These data suggest major routes from cyanidin 3-O-glucoside to the most highly modified cyanidin in the potential intricate anthocyanin modification pathways in Arabidopsis.
authors: RIKEN Plant Science Center, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
authors: Keiko
authors: K
authors: Yonekura-Sakakibara
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Fukushima
authors: Ryo
authors: R
authors: Nakabayashi
authors: Kousuke
authors: K
authors: Hanada
authors: Fumio
authors: F
authors: Matsuda
authors: Satoko
authors: S
authors: Sugawara
authors: Eri
authors: E
authors: Inoue
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Kuromori
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Ito
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Shinozaki
authors: Bunyapa
authors: B
authors: Wangwattana
authors: Mami
authors: M
authors: Yamazaki
authors: Kazuki
authors: K
authors: Saito
mesh_terms: D000215:Acylation; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014540:Uridine Diphosphate Xylose / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014540:Uridine Diphosphate Xylose; D016695:Glycosyltransferases; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C023249:flavonol 3-O-glucosyltransferase