title: Perioperative cognitive decline in the aging population.
abstract: Elderly patients who have an acute illness or who undergo surgery often experience cognitive decline. The pathophysiologic mechanisms that cause neurodegeneration resulting in cognitive decline, including protein deposition and neuroinflammation, also play a role in animal models of surgery-induced cognitive decline. With the aging of the population, surgical candidates of advanced age with underlying neurodegeneration are encountered more often, raising concerns that, in patients with this combination, cognitive function will precipitously decline postoperatively. This special article is based on a symposium that the University of California, San Francisco, convened to explore the contributions of surgery and anesthesia to the development of cognitive decline in the aged patient. A road map to further elucidate the mechanisms, diagnosis, risk factors, mitigation, and treatment of postoperative cognitive decline in the elderly is provided.
authors: Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, San Francisco, CA 94143-0648, USA.
authors: Niccolò
authors: N
authors: Terrando
authors: Marek
authors: M
authors: Brzezinski
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: Degos
authors: Lars I
authors: LI
authors: Eriksson
authors: Joel H
authors: JH
authors: Kramer
authors: Jacqueline M
authors: JM
authors: Leung
authors: Bruce L
authors: BL
authors: Miller
authors: William W
authors: WW
authors: Seeley
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: Vacas
authors: Michael W
authors: MW
authors: Weiner
authors: Kristine
authors: K
authors: Yaffe
authors: William L
authors: WL
authors: Young
authors: Zhongcong
authors: Z
authors: Xie
authors: Mervyn
authors: M
authors: Maze
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000009:adverse effects; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data