title: European dental students' opinions about visual and digital tooth colour determination systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate students' opinion about visual and digital tooth colour determination education at different European dental schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional web-based survey was created, containing nine dichotomous, multiple choice and 5-point Likert scale questions. The questionnaire was distributed amongst students of 40 European dental schools. Seven hundred and ninety-nine completed questionnaires from students of 15 dental schools were analysed statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitapan Classical and Vitapan 3D-Master are the most frequently used visual determination systems at European dental schools. Most students responded with "neutral" regarding whether they find it easy to identify the colour of teeth with a visual determination system (range 2.8-3.6). A minority of the dental students had received education in digital imaging systems (2-47%). The Easyshade was the most frequently mentioned digital system. The majority of the students who did not receive education on digital systems would like to see this topic added to the curriculum (77-100%). The dental students who had worked with both methods found it significantly easier to determine tooth colour with a digital system than with a visual system (mean score 3.5 ± 0.8 vs. 3.0 ± 0.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tooth colour determination programmes show a considerable variation across European dental schools. Based upon the outcomes of this study, students prefer digital imaging systems over visual systems, and like to have (more) education about digital tooth colour imaging.
authors: Department of Dental Material Sciences, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. almadozic@yahoo.com
authors: Alma
authors: A
authors: Dozic
authors: Aron K
authors: AK
authors: Kharbanda
authors: Hassib
authors: H
authors: Kamell
authors: Henk S
authors: HS
authors: Brand
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003116:Color / Q000592:standards; D003118:Color Perception; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003479:Curriculum; D004497:Education, Dental; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D013335:Students, Dental; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology*