title: Strain-dependent up-regulation of ephrin-B2 protein in periodontal ligament fibroblasts contributes to osteogenesis during tooth movement.
abstract: During orthodontic tooth movement, the application of adequate orthodontic forces allows teeth to be moved through the alveolar bone. These forces are transmitted through the periodontal ligaments (PDL) to the supporting alveolar bone and lead to deposition or resorption of bone, depending on whether the tissues are exposed to a tensile or compressive mechanical strain. Fibroblasts within the PDL (PDLF) are considered to be mechanoresponsive. The transduction mechanisms from mechanical loading of the PDLF to the initiation of bone remodeling are not clearly understood. Recently, members of the ephrin/Eph family have been shown to be involved in the regulation of bone homeostasis. For the first time, we demonstrate that PDLF exposed to tensile strain induce the expression of ephrin-B2 via a FAK-, Ras-, ERK1/2-, and SP1-dependent pathway. Osteoblasts of the alveolar bone stimulated with ephrin-B2 increased their osteoblastogenic gene expression and showed functional signs of osteoblastic differentiation. In a physiological setting, ephrin-B2-EphB4 signaling between PDLF and osteoblasts of the alveolar bone might contribute to osteogenesis at tension sites during orthodontic tooth movement.
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Dental School, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors: Katja
authors: K
authors: Diercke
authors: Annette
authors: A
authors: Kohl
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Lux
authors: Ralf
authors: R
authors: Erber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D036388:Ephrin-B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism; D036224:Receptor, EphB4 / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D014070:Tooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D036388:Ephrin-B2; D036224:Receptor, EphB4; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; C535150:MAPK1 protein, human; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)