title: Growth of bilayer graphene on insulating substrates.
abstract: Here we demonstrate a general transfer-free method to directly grow large areas of uniform bilayer graphene on insulating substrates (SiO(2), h-BN, Si(3)N(4), and Al(2)O(3)) from solid carbon sources such as films of poly(2-phenylpropyl)methysiloxane, poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, and poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene-co-styrene), the latter leading to N-doped bilayer graphene due to its inherent nitrogen content. Alternatively, the carbon feeds can be prepared from a self-assembled monolayer of butyltriethoxysilane atop a SiO(2) layer. The carbon feedstocks were deposited on the insulating substrates and then caped with a layer of nickel. At 1000 °C, under low pressure and a reducing atmosphere, the carbon source was transformed into a bilayer graphene film on the insulating substrates. The Ni layer was removed by dissolution, affording the bilayer graphene directly on the insulator with no traces of polymer left from a transfer step. The bilayer nature of as-grown samples was demonstrated by I(G)/I(2D) Raman mapping, the statistics of the full-width at half-maximum of the Raman 2D peak, the selected area electron diffraction patterns over a large area, and randomly imaged graphene edges by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Yan
authors: Zhiwei
authors: Z
authors: Peng
authors: Zhengzong
authors: Z
authors: Sun
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Yao
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Zhu
authors: Zheng
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: Pulickel M
authors: PM
authors: Ajayan
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: Tour
mesh_terms: D017097:Electric Impedance; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D006108:Graphite; D012825:Silicon