title: Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Alloiococcus otitidis in young children in the era of pneumococcal immunization, Taiwan.
abstract: We applied a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture to detect Streptococcus pneumoniae and detected 3 other respiratory pathogens--Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Alloiococcus otitidis--simultaneously by PCR, in the nasopharynx of 386 children aged under 5 y. S. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen carried by children in all age groups, with the rate ranging from 15.8% in children aged 3-4 y to 28.6% in children aged 2-3 y. H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis showed similar carriage rates across all the age groups. Only 2 young children (0.5%) carried A. otitidis. Higher carriage of S. pneumoniae was found in children who had not received the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Cefotaxime non-susceptibility was high (51.4%) in S. pneumoniae nasopharyngeal isolates. Serotype 6B was the most common in fully immunized carriers and also in those who received catch-up immunization. Due to low PCV7 coverage in Taiwan, the carriage of vaccine and non-vaccine serotypes of S. pneumoniae in children remains common.
authors: Molecular Infectious Diseases Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan.
authors: Rajendra-Prasad
authors: RP
authors: Janapatla
authors: Hsin-Ju
authors: HJ
authors: Chang
authors: Mei-Hua
authors: MH
authors: Hsu
authors: Yu-Chia
authors: YC
authors: Hsieh
authors: Tzou-Yien
authors: TY
authors: Lin
authors: Cheng-Hsun
authors: CH
authors: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D015995:Prevalence; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines