title: Functional magnetic resonance imaging of cognitive processing in young adults with Down syndrome.
abstract: The authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural activation during a semantic-classification/object-recognition task in 13 persons with Down syndrome and 12 typically developing control participants (age range  =  12-26 years). A comparison between groups suggested atypical patterns of brain activation for the individuals with Down syndrome. Correlation analyses between an index of visual spatial ability and brain activation depicted a positive relationship between (a) this index and brain activation in regions of the occipital and parietal lobes for the typically developing individuals and (b) the middle and dorsal frontal gyri in the individuals with Down syndrome. These findings supported the authors' hypothesis that persons with Down syndrome demonstrate atypical neural activation compared with typically developing individuals matched for chronological age.
authors: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. lisa.jacola@cchmc.org
authors: Lisa M
authors: LM
authors: Jacola
authors: Anna W
authors: AW
authors: Byars
authors: Melinda
authors: M
authors: Chalfonte-Evans
authors: Vincent J
authors: VJ
authors: Schmithorst
authors: Fran
authors: F
authors: Hickey
authors: Bonnie
authors: B
authors: Patterson
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Hotze
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Vannest
authors: Chung-Yiu
authors: CY
authors: Chiu
authors: Scott K
authors: SK
authors: Holland
authors: Mark B
authors: MB
authors: Schapiro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001076:Aptitude / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012660:Semantics; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult