title: Perceived Stress Scale: reliability and validity study in Greece.
abstract: To translate the Perceived Stress Scale (versions PSS-4, -10 and -14) and to assess its psychometric properties in a sample of general Greek population.
  
  
  
  941 individuals completed anonymously questionnaires comprising of PSS, the Depression Anxiety and Stress scale (DASS-21 version), and a list of stress-related symptoms. Psychometric properties of PSS were investigated by confirmatory factor analysis (construct validity), Cronbach's alpha (reliability), and by investigating relations with the DASS-21 scores and the number of symptoms, across individuals' characteristics. The two-factor structure of PSS-10 and PSS-14 was confirmed in our analysis. We found satisfactory Cronbach's alpha values (0.82 for the full scale) for PSS-14 and PSS-10 and marginal satisfactory values for PSS-4 (0.69). PSS score exhibited high correlation coefficients with DASS-21 subscales scores, meaning stress (r = 0.64), depression (r = 0.61), and anxiety (r = 0.54). Women reported significantly more stress compared to men and divorced or widows compared to married or singled only. A strong significant (p < 0.001) positive correlation between the stress score and the number of self-reported symptoms was also noted.
  
  
  
  The Greek versions of the PSS-14 and PSS-10 exhibited satisfactory psychometric properties and their use for research and health care practice is warranted.
authors: Postgraduate Course Stress Management and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Soranou Ephessiou Str., 4, GR-115-27, Athens, Greece. eandeou@gmail.com
authors: Eleni
authors: E
authors: Andreou
authors: Evangelos C
authors: EC
authors: Alexopoulos
authors: Christos
authors: C
authors: Lionis
authors: Liza
authors: L
authors: Varvogli
authors: Charalambos
authors: C
authors: Gnardellis
authors: George P
authors: GP
authors: Chrousos
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Darviri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety; D002947:Cities; D003863:Depression; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011581:Psychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult