title: Eag1 potassium channels as markers of cervical dysplasia.
abstract: Human ether à-go-go 1 (Eag1) potassium channels are potential tumor markers             and therapeutic targets for several types of malignancies, including cervical             cancer. Estrogens and human papilloma virus oncogenes regulate Eag1 gene expression,             suggesting that Eag1 may already be present in pre-malignant lesions. Therefore,             Eag1 could be used as an early marker and/or a potential risk indicator for cervical             cancer. Consequently, we studied Eag1 protein expression by immunochemistry in             cervical cancer cell lines, normal keratinocytes, cervical cytologies from intraepithelial             lesions, biopsies from cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN 1, 2 and 3) and             in normal smears from patients taking or not taking estrogens. Two hundred and             eighty-six samples obtained by liquid-based cytology and fifteen CIN biopsies             were studied. We observed Eag1 protein expression in the cervical cancer cell             lines, as opposed to normal keratinocytes. Eag1 was found in 67% of the cervical             cytologies from low-grade intra-epithelial lesions and in 92% of the samples from             high-grade intraepithelial lesions, but only in 27% of the normal samples. Noteworthy,             morphologically normal cells obtained from dysplastic samples also exhibited Eag1             expression. In CIN biopsies we found that the higher the grade of the lesion,             the broader the Eag1 protein distribution. Almost 50% of the normal patients taking             estrogens displayed Eag1 expression. We suggest Eag1 as a potential marker of             cervical dysplasia and a risk indicator for developing cervical lesions in patients             taking estrogens. Eag1 detection in cervical cancer screening programs should             help to improve early diagnosis and decrease mortality rates from this disease.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City 07360, Mexico.
authors: Cindy Sharon
authors: CS
authors: Ortiz
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Montante-Montes
authors: Milena
authors: M
authors: Saqui-Salces
authors: Luz María
authors: LM
authors: Hinojosa
authors: Armando
authors: A
authors: Gamboa-Dominguez
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Hernández-Gallegos
authors: Braulio
authors: B
authors: Martínez-Benítez
authors: María
authors: M
authors: Del Rosario Solís-Pancoatl
authors: Enrique
authors: E
authors: Garcia-Villa
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Ramírez
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Aguilar-Guadarrama
authors: Patricio
authors: P
authors: Gariglio
authors: Luis A
authors: LA
authors: Pardo
authors: Walter
authors: W
authors: Stühmer
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Camacho
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels; C496884:KCNH1 protein, human