title: Creatine supplementation prevents the accumulation of fat in the livers of rats fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of creatine supplementation on liver fat accumulation induced by a high-fat diet in rats. Rats were fed 1 of 3 different diets for 3 wk: a control liquid diet (C), a high-fat liquid diet (HF), or a high-fat liquid diet supplemented with creatine (HFC). The C and HF diets contained, respectively, 35 and 71% of energy derived from fat. Creatine supplementation involved the addition of 1% (wt:v) of creatine monohydrate to the liquid diet. The HF diet increased total liver fat concentration, liver TG, and liver TBARS and decreased the hepatic S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) concentration. Creatine supplementation normalized all of these perturbations. Creatine supplementation significantly decreased the renal activity of l-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase and plasma guanidinoacetate and prevented the decrease in hepatic SAM concentration in rats fed the HF diet. However, there was no change in either the phosphatidylcholine:phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) ratio or PE N-methyltransferase activity. The HF diet decreased mRNA for PPARα as well as 2 of its targets, carnitine palmitoyltransferase and long-chain acylCoA dehydrogenase. Creatine supplementation normalized these mRNA levels. In conclusion, creatine supplementation prevented the fatty liver induced by feeding rats a HF diet, probably by normalization of the expression of key genes of β-oxidation.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Deminice
authors: Robin P
authors: RP
authors: da Silva
authors: Simon G
authors: SG
authors: Lamarre
authors: Colin
authors: C
authors: Brown
authors: George N
authors: GN
authors: Furey
authors: Shannon A
authors: SA
authors: McCarter
authors: Alceu Afonso
authors: AA
authors: Jordao
authors: Karen B
authors: KB
authors: Kelly
authors: Kirst
authors: K
authors: King-Jones
authors: René L
authors: RL
authors: Jacobs
authors: Margaret E
authors: ME
authors: Brosnan
authors: John T
authors: JT
authors: Brosnan
mesh_terms: D044942:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000579:Amidinotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D047493:PPAR alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine; D044942:Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase, Long-Chain; D000579:Amidinotransferases; C020681:glycine amidinotransferase; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; C004946:glycocyamine; D003401:Creatine; D005998:Glycine