title: Overexpression of interleukin-6 and -8, cell growth inhibition and morphological changes in 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-treated human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate morphological features, cell growth and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion in expanded ex vivo human dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DP-MSCs) after exposure to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells were derived from the dental pulps of 10 young donors. After in vitro isolation, DP-MSCs were treated with 3 and 5 mmol L(-1) HEMA, and after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation, their morphological features, cell growth, IL-6 and IL-8 secretion were analysed. Differences in the cell growth and in the interleukin secretion were analysed for statistical significance with two-way anova tests and the Holm-Sidak method for multiple comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells revealed a decrease in cell growth with both treatments (P < 0.05), more evident at 5 mmol L(-1) . Microscopic analysis displayed extensive cytotoxic effects in treated cells, which lost their fibroblastoid features and became retracted, even roundish, with a large number of granules. An up-regulation of IL-6 and IL-8 in treated cells cytokines was evident (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate exhibited cytotoxicity, inhibited cell growth and induced morphological changes in cultured DP-MSCs. Moreover, in treated samples, an up-regulation of soluble mediators of inflammation such as IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines was found. The direct application of HEMA potentially induces an inflammation process that could be the starting point for toxic response and cell damage in DP-MSCs.
authors: Department of Oral Science, Nano and Biotechnology, University G. D'Annunzio, Via Vestini 11, Chieti-Pescara, Italy. trubiani@unich.it
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Trubiani
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Cataldi
authors: F
authors: F
authors: De Angelis
authors: C
authors: C
authors: D'Arcangelo
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Caputi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000187:drug effects; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D013997:Time Factors; D014343:Trypan Blue
chemical_list: C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003764:Dental Materials; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008689:Methacrylates; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D014343:Trypan Blue