title: Anthropometric indices of fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between anthropometric indices of body fat distribution and cardiometabolic risk factors in a population of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and fifty-seven PD patients (57.3% males) were studied measuring: waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), body fat percentage (BF%) by impedance, fasting glucose, serum lipids. Information was collected also on diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Increased cardiometabolic risk was defined by ≥2 MetS component traits other than abdominal adiposity. In the whole population, prevalence of overweight and obesity were 35.0% and 19.2%, respectively. However, prevalence of MetS and elevated cardiometabolic risk were 14.6% and 18.5%, respectively. Prevalence was similar between genders, with one exception: adverse fat distribution according to WC and WHR was more common in females (P < 0.001). Using a multivariable model (adjustments: age, smoking status and disease duration), indices were highly correlated with BF% in both genders. WC and WtHR were associated with the number of MetS criteria and elevated risk. The only cardiometabolic parameters associated with anthropometric indices were HDL in men and triglycerides in women. After adjusting also for BMI all the associations found with anthropometric indices disappeared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite their correlation with BF%, anthropometric indices of body fat distribution appear to poorly account for the reduced cardiometabolic risk of the PD patient. This finding suggests a low metabolic activity within the adipose tissue. The implications of fat distribution on the cardiometabolic risk of PD patients clearly deserves further investigation.
authors: Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy. e.cereda@smatteo.pv.it
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Cereda
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Cassani
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Barichella
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Caccialanza
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Pezzoli
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D050154:Adiposity; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D050218:Body Fat Distribution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides