title: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is highly associated with nontraumatic fractures in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at greater risk of bone fractures than nondiabetics. However, the risk factors for fractures in patients with diabetes have not been fully evaluated. This study was designed to evaluate the relative frequency of fractures at different sites and the diabetes-associated factors that affect nontraumatic bone fracture in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective case-control study recruited 144 patients with type 2 diabetes, who presented with nontraumatic fractures between March 2004 and March 2009 and 150 age-, gender-, body mass index (BMI)- and duration of diabetes-matched control subjects. Nontraumatic fractures were confirmed using patients' medical records and radiological findings. All subjects were examined for their diabetes status and associated factors for fracture, including bone mineral density (BMD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 150 reported bone fractures, the hip was the most frequent fracture site (32·7%), followed by the upper extremity (19·3%). Nontraumatic fractures were associated with diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, stroke history, previous fracture and insulin treatment (P < 0·05). In multivariate analyses, independently associated factors for bone fracture were diabetic peripheral neuropathy [odds ratio (OR) = 37·3, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1·46-652·57] and previous fracture (OR = 9·54, 95% CI = 1·18-77·37; P < 0·05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hip was the most frequent site of nontraumatic fracture, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy was significantly associated with an increased risk of nontraumatic fractures in patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ji-Hyun
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Mi-Hyang
authors: MH
authors: Jung
authors: Jung-Min
authors: JM
authors: Lee
authors: Hyun-Shik
authors: HS
authors: Son
authors: Bong-Yun
authors: BY
authors: Cha
authors: Sang-Ah
authors: SA
authors: Chang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors