title: Acute stress to excised vocal fold epithelium from reactive oxygen species.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vocal fold epithelium is exposed to reactive oxygen species from the inhaled environment and from tissue inflammation. The objective of this study was to explore the functional and structural consequences of reactive oxygen species exposure on vocal fold epithelium.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro, prospective study design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), a common reactive oxygen species, was utilized in this study. Freshly excised, viable porcine vocal fold epithelia (N = 32) were exposed to H(2) O(2) or sham challenge for 2 hours. Electrophysiology, western blotting, and light microscopy were used to quantify the functional and structural effects of reactive oxygen species on vocal fold epithelia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to reactive oxygen species did not significantly alter transepithelial resistance. There was a small, nonsignificant trend for decreased concentration of epithelial junctional complex protein with reactive oxygen species challenge. Minimal changes to the gross structural appearance of vocal fold epithelia were also noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The stratified squamous epithelia of the vocal folds effectively defend against an acute reactive oxygen species challenge. The current study lays the groundwork for future investigations on the effects of reactive oxygen species on vocal fold epithelia that are compromised from phonotrauma.
authors: Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Alper
authors: Xue
authors: X
authors: Fu
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Erickson-Levendoski
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Zheng
authors: Mahalakshmi
authors: M
authors: Sivasankar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007820:Laryngeal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide