title: In vitro evaluation of an injectable chitosan gel for sustained local delivery of BMP-2 for osteoblastic differentiation.
abstract: We investigated the effect of sustained release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) from an injectable chitosan gel on osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. We first characterized the release profile of BMP-2 from the gels, and then examined the cellular responses of preosteoblast mouse stromal cells (W-20-17) and human embryonic palatal mesenchymal (HEPM) cells to BMP-2. The release profiles of different concentrations of BMP-2 exhibited sustained releases (41% for 2 ng/mL and 48% for 20 ng/mL, respectively) from the chitosan gels over a three-week period. Both cell types cultured in the chitosan gels were viable and significantly proliferated for 3 days (p < 0.05). Chitosan gels loaded with BMP-2 enhanced ALP activity of W-20-17 by 3.6-fold, and increased calcium mineral deposition of HEPM by 2.8-fold at 14 days of incubation, compared to control groups initially containing the same amount of BMP-2. In addition, schitosan gels loaded with BMP-2 exhibited significantly greater osteocalcin synthesis of W-20-17 at seven days, and of HEPM at both 7 and 14 days compared with the control groups (p<0.05). This study suggests that the enhanced effects of BMP-2 released from chitosan gels on cell differentiation and mineralization are species and cell type dependent.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors: Sungwoo
authors: S
authors: Kim
authors: Helen
authors: H
authors: Tsao
authors: Yunqing
authors: Y
authors: Kang
authors: Daniel A
authors: DA
authors: Young
authors: Milan
authors: M
authors: Sen
authors: Joseph C
authors: JC
authors: Wenke
authors: Yunzhi
authors: Y
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D005782:Gels; C004468:Alizarin Red S; D048271:Chitosan; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium