title: Role of size and composition of traffic and agricultural aerosols in the molecular responses triggered in airway epithelial cells.
abstract: The increased levels of fine particles in the atmosphere are suspected of aggravating cardiopulmonary diseases, but the determinants of particle toxicity are poorly understood. This work aims at studying the role of composition and size in the toxicity of size-segregated particulate matter (PM) collected at different sites on human bronchial epithelial cells. PM were sampled at a traffic urban site (Urb S) and a rural site (Rur S) during the pesticide-spreading period. Ultrafine (UF), fine (F), and coarse (C) PM were characterized by their shape and chemical composition. Whatever the site, the finest PM (UF and F) induced the mRNA expression of CYP1A1, a biomarker of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) exposure, NQO-1 and heme HO-1, two antioxidant responsive element-driven genes; and two effect biomarkers, GM-CSF, a proinflammatory cytokine and amphiregulin (AR), a growth factor. C PM have a low or no effect. Interestingly, AR is more strongly induced by rural PM at the same mass exposure. These discrepancies suggest involvement of PM chemical composition: rural PM bearing the characteristics of aged aerosols with a high content of water-soluble components, and PM at urban kerbside sites containing mainly water-insoluble components. To conclude, we provide evidence that the finest PM fractions, whatever their origin, are more prone to induce exposure and effect biomarkers. The AR differential expression suggests a source-dependent effect requiring further investigation because of the role of this growth factor in airway remodeling, a characteristic feature of chronic lung respiratory diseases exacerbated by particulate pollution.
authors: Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Responses to Xenobiotics, Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology, Paris Cedex, France. stephanie.val@univ-paris-diderot.fr
authors: Stéphanie
authors: S
authors: Val
authors: Val
authors: V
authors: Stéphanie
authors: Laurent
authors: L
authors: Martinon
authors: Martinon
authors: M
authors: Laurent
authors: Hélène
authors: H
authors: Cachier
authors: Cachier
authors: C
authors: Hélène
authors: Abderrazak
authors: A
authors: Yahyaoui
authors: Yahyaoui
authors: Y
authors: Abderrazak
authors: Hélène
authors: H
authors: Marfaing
authors: Marfaing
authors: M
authors: Hélène
authors: Armelle
authors: A
authors: Baeza-Squiban
authors: Baeza-Squiban
authors: BS
authors: Armelle
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D000383:Agriculture; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D066258:Amphiregulin; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010316:Particle Size; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012424:Rural Population; D014505:Urban Population; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: C587848:AREG protein, human; D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D066258:Amphiregulin; D015415:Biomarkers; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human