title: Sorption of fluorinated herbicides to plant biomass-derived biochars as a function of molecular structure.
abstract: Biochars produced at different heat treatment temperatures (HTT) are molecularly distinct and thus expected to show variable sorbent characteristics. We investigated the difference in sorption behavior of norflurazon (NORO) and fluridone (FLUN) to biochars from wood and grass feedstocks produced at different HTT. Amorphous biochars (HTT=400°C) exhibited the highest sorption parameter (K(OC)) for the two herbicides, emphasizing the importance of amorphous structural arrangement of aromatic moieties in these chars. Negative correlation between biochar aromaticity and isotherm nonlinearity (n) suggests that the n values were related mainly to total aromatic C content, not to that in the individual phases. Sorption of FLUN and NORO to low-temperature biochars (HTT=400°C) was about 1100 times and 6400 times greater, respectively, than a sediment sample, confirming that applications of low-temperature biochars to arable soils may reduce the mobility of FLUN and NORO, thus preventing unwanted herbicide leaching and subsequent contamination of sensitive water bodies.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Water Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
authors: Ke
authors: K
authors: Sun
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Keiluweit
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Kleber
authors: Zezhen
authors: Z
authors: Pan
authors: Baoshan
authors: B
authors: Xing
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D004602:Elements; D004777:Environment; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008956:Models, Chemical; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011728:Pyridones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004602:Elements; D006540:Herbicides; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D011724:Pyridazines; D011728:Pyridones; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; C013351:fluridone; C008677:norflurazone