title: Exercise affects memory acquisition, anxiety-like symptoms and activity of membrane-bound enzyme in brain of rats fed with different dietary fats: impairments of trans fat.
abstract: Here we evaluated the influence of physical exercise on behavior parameters and enzymatic status of rats supplemented with different dietary fatty acids (FA). Male Wistar rats fed diets enriched with soybean oil (SO), lard (L), or hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF) for 48 weeks were submitted to swimming (30 min/d, five times per week) for 90 days. Dietary FA per se did not cause anxiety-like symptoms in the animals, but after physical exercise, SO group showed a better behavioral performance than L and the HVF groups in elevated plus maze (EPM). In Barnes maze, HVF group showed impaired memory acquisition as compared to L group, and exercise reversed this effect. SO-fed rats showed an improvement in memory acquisition after 1 day of training, whereas lard caused an improvement of memory only from day 4. HVF-fed rats showed no improvement of memory acquisition, but this effect was reversed by exercise in all training days. A lower activity of the Na(+)K(+)-ATPase in brain cortex of rats fed lard and HVF was observed, and this effect was maintained after exercise. Similarly, the HVF diet was related to lower activity of hippocampal Na(+)K(+)-ATPase, and exercise reduced activity of this enzyme in the SO and L groups. Our findings show influences of dietary FA on memory acquisition, whereas regular exercise improved this function and was beneficial on anxiety-like symptoms. As FA are present in neuronal membrane phospholipids and play a critical role in brain function, our results suggest that low incorporation of trans FA in neuronal membranes may act on cortical and hippocampal Na(+)K(+)-ATPase activity, but this change appears to be unrelated to the behavioral parameters primarily harmed by consumption of trans and less so by saturated FA, which were reversed by exercise.
authors: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Teixeira
authors: C S
authors: CS
authors: Pase
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Boufleur
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Roversi
authors: R C S
authors: RC
authors: Barcelos
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Benvegnú
authors: H J
authors: HJ
authors: Segat
authors: V T
authors: VT
authors: Dias
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Reckziegel
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Trevizol
authors: G S
authors: GS
authors: Dolci
authors: N R
authors: NR
authors: Carvalho
authors: F A A
authors: FA
authors: Soares
authors: J B T
authors: JB
authors: Rocha
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Emanuelli
authors: M E
authors: ME
authors: Bürger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D010938:Plant Oils; D013024:Soybean Oil; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; C029310:lard