title: Western and Mediterranean dietary patterns among Balearic Islands' adolescents: socio-economic and lifestyle determinants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess prevailing food patterns among Balearic Islands' adolescents, and socio-economic and lifestyle determinants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional nutritional survey carried out (2007-2008) in the Balearic Islands, a Mediterranean region. Dietary assessment was based on a 145-item semi-quantitative FFQ and two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Anthropometric measurements and questions related to socio-economic, lifestyle, physical activity and body image were assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data obtained from a representative sample of all inhabitants living in the Balearic Islands aged 12-17 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample (n 1231) of the adolescent population (12-17 years old) was interviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor analysis identified two major dietary food patterns: 'Western' and 'Mediterranean'. The 'Western' dietary pattern was higher among boys than girls, associated with spending ≥4 h/d on media screen time, but less prevalent among those adolescents who desired a thinner body and those girls who desired to remain the same weight. The 'Mediterranean' dietary pattern was mainly followed by girls, and also boys who spent < 2 h/d on media screen time and girls with high parental socio-economic status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study shows the existence of two major dietary patterns among Balearic Islands' adolescents: 'Western' and 'Mediterranean', but girls are more 'Mediterranean' than boys. This evidence supports that the food pattern of Balearic Islands' adolescents is in a transitional state characterised by the loss of the traditional Mediterranean dietary pattern towards a Western dietary pattern. Low parental socio-economic status, much leisure-time on sedentary behaviours such as media screen time and body image are factors associated with the 'Western' dietary pattern.
authors: Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors: Maria del Mar
authors: Mdel M
authors: Bibiloni
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Martínez
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Llull
authors: Antoni
authors: A
authors: Pons
authors: Josep A
authors: JA
authors: Tur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000886:Anthropometry; D001828:Body Image; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain; D013690:Television