title: Optimization of analytical methods to improve detection of erythromycin from water and sediment.
abstract: Analytical methods to improve the detection of erythromycin in water and sediment were developed to optimize for erythromycin's recovery of extractable and bound residues from the aquatic environment. The objective of this study was to determine optimal recovery of erythromycin from water and sediment to improve its detection in environmental samples through solid-phase extraction (SPE) and sediment-extraction methods. SPE methods examined included previously reported methods for macrolide and sulfonamide antibiotics with erythromycin recoveries ranging from 75.5 % to 94.7 %. Extraction of erythromycin was performed from sand employing various solvents and buffers to determine the best method for extraction from two sandy loam pond sediments. Various extraction times were also examined, and all extraction procedures were performed in duplicate. The greatest recovery of (14)C-erythromycin in the Iowa sediment was 84 % using 0.3 M ammonium acetate at pH 4.2: acetonitrile (15:85, v/v) solution. The Oklahoma sediment yielded the greatest recovery of (14)C-erythromycin at 86.7 % with 0.3 M ammonium acetate at pH 7: acetonitrile (30:70, v/v) with a 60-minute shake time. The present results demonstrate improved extraction methods for enhancing the accuracy of erythromycin detection from environmental samples.
authors: Department of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA.
authors: Ashley M
authors: AM
authors: Jessick
authors: Thomas B
authors: TB
authors: Moorman
authors: Joel R
authors: JR
authors: Coats
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D004917:Erythromycin