title: Effects of peripheral blood stem cell apheresis on systemic cytokine levels in patients with multiple myeloma.
abstract: BACKGROUND AIMS. Pro-angiogenic cytokines can affect myeloma cell proliferation directly and indirectly through stimulation of cancer-associated angiogenesis. METHODS. We investigated how peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection affected plasma angioregulatory cytokine levels in 15 consecutive myeloma patients. RESULTS. Plasma levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were significantly increased prior to apheresis in patients compared with donors, and a further increase was detected immediately after PBSC apheresis. HGF levels decreased within 24 h, but were still higher than the levels in healthy donors, whose HGF levels were not altered by platelet apheresis. Pre-apheresis levels of other angioregulatory cytokines, angiopoietin-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were also increased in patients, whereas angiopoietin-1, angiogenin and basic fibroblast growth factor levels did not differ from healthy controls. PBSC harvesting decreased angiopoietin-1 and VEGF levels, increased the microvascular endothelial cell marker endocan levels but did not affect the other mediators. CONCLUSIONS. Our results show that PBSC apheresis alters systemic angioregulatory profiles in myeloma patients. This cytokine modulation is not a general characteristic of all apheresis procedures and was not seen in healthy platelet donors.
authors: Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital ,  Bergen ,  Norway.
authors: Ciğdem Akalin
authors: CA
authors: Akkök
authors: Tor
authors: T
authors: Hervig
authors: Siren
authors: S
authors: Stamnesfet
authors: Ingerid
authors: I
authors: Nesthus
authors: Guro K
authors: GK
authors: Melve
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Lassalle
authors: Oystein
authors: O
authors: Bruserud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D042682:Angiopoietins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D001781:Blood Component Removal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000009:adverse effects; D055153:Stem Cell Niche; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D042682:Angiopoietins; C101134:ESM1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor