title: Novel anti-cancer role of naphthazarin in human gastric cancer cells.
abstract: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and the second             cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Naphthoquinones such as juglone and             plumbagin are compounds used extensively to overcome resistance to chemotherapeutic             agents in cancers due to their cytotoxic role. This study is the first to investigate             the anti-cancer effect of naphthazarin (Naph), one of the naphthaquinones, in             human gastric cancer AGS cells. We showed that Naph exhibited effective preferential             cell growth inhibition via G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis, which was associated             with reduced levels of Cdc2 and Cdc25C expression. Naph also increased cleaved             caspase-3 and Poly ADR(adenosine diphosphate ribose) Polymerase expression, γ-H2AX             expression (an indicator of DNA double strand breaks) and DNA fragmentation. We             also found the generation of reactive oxygen species is a critical mediator in             Naph-induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. The non-protein antioxidant,             glutathione significantly abolished Naph-mediated inhibition of cell growth and             apoptosis. Taken together, our findings showed that Naph not only inhibited cell             growth, but also induced apoptosis of AGS cells, suggesting that Naph may be a             potential candidate for cancer therapy against gastric cancers.
authors: Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical                     Science, 40 Jwadong-gil, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan 619-953, Republic                     of Korea.
authors: Jin-Ah
authors: JA
authors: Kim
authors: Eun Kyeong
authors: EK
authors: Lee
authors: Seong Joon
authors: SJ
authors: Park
authors: Nam Deuk
authors: ND
authors: Kim
authors: Dong-Hoon
authors: DH
authors: Hyun
authors: Chang Geun
authors: CG
authors: Lee
authors: Jae Ho
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Kwang Mo
authors: KM
authors: Yang
authors: Kyu
authors: K
authors: Heo
authors: Tae Gen
authors: TG
authors: Son
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C005503:naphthazarin; D005978:Glutathione