title: Bioactivity of Carica papaya (Caricaceae) against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
abstract: The composition of a chloroform seed extract of C. papaya was determined by GC-MS. Nineteen compounds were identified, with oleic (45.97%), palmitic (24.1%) and stearic (8.52%) acids being the main components. The insecticidal and insectistatic activities of the extract and the three main constituents were tested. Larval duration increased by 3.4 d and 2.5 d when the extract was used at 16,000 and 9,600 ppm, respectively, whereas the pupal period increased by 2.2 d and 1.1 d at the same concentrations. Larval viability values were 0%, 29.2%, and 50% when the extract was applied at 24,000, 16,000, and 9,600 ppm, respectively; pupal viability was 42.9% and 66.7% at 16,000 and 9,600 ppm; and pupal weight decreased by 25.4% and 11.5% at 16,000 and 9,600 ppm. The larval viability of the main compounds was 33.3%, 48.5%, and 62.5% when exposed to 1,600 ppm of palmitic acid, oleic acid, or stearic acid, respectively.
authors: Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, México DF 04960, Mexico.
authors: Salud
authors: S
authors: Pérez-Gutiérrez
authors: Miguel Angel
authors: MA
authors: Zavala-Sánchez
authors: Marco Martín
authors: MM
authors: González-Chávez
authors: Norma Cecilia
authors: NC
authors: Cárdenas-Ortega
authors: Miguel Angel
authors: MA
authors: Ramos-López
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029441:Carica / Q000737:chemistry*; D002725:Chloroform / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002725:Chloroform