title: Genotoxicity and oxidative stress biomarkers in Carassius gibelio as endpoints for toxicity testing of Ukrainian polluted river waters.
abstract: This study aimed to assess oxidative stress and genotoxicity biomarkers in Prussian carp Carassius gibelio laboratory-exposed to water from polluted Ukrainian rivers in order to evaluate their usefulness as endpoints in a short-term bioassay for toxicity testing of freshwaters. The micronucleus (MN) test and the frequency of cells with double nuclei (DN) in erythrocytes and gill cells were used as indicators of chromosome aberrations and abnormalities in cell divisions, respectively. Cellular antioxidant defenses i.e. antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase, total glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase) and oxidative damage, i.e. lipid peroxidation (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in the fish liver were used as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Exposure to the polluted river water samples for 96 h resulted in significantly increased MN and DN frequencies, limited increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and no changes in lipid peroxidation. Results suggest that MN and DN frequencies in C gibelio are useful endpoints in a short-term bioassay for genotoxicity testing of environmental water samples in contrast to the oxidative stress biomarkers applied that showed low potential for assessing sublethal effects after a 96 h exposure.
authors: Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), 46.7km Athinon-Souniou Avenue, P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos, Greece. ctsangar@hcmr.gr
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Tsangaris
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Vergolyas
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Fountoulaki
authors: V V
authors: VV
authors: Goncharuk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009153:Mutagens / Q000592:standards / Q000633:toxicity*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014455:Ukraine; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000592:standards / Q000633:toxicity*; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009153:Mutagens; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase