title: Atypical presentations and rare metastatic sites of renal cell carcinoma: a review of case reports.
abstract: Renal cell carcinoma is a potentially lethal cancer with aggressive behavior and a propensity for metastatic spread. Due to the fact that the patterns of metastases from renal cell carcinomas are not clearly defined, there have been several reports of cases of renal cell carcinoma associated with rare metastatic sites and atypical presenting symptoms. The present review focuses on these atypical rare clinical presentations of renal cell carcinomas both at the time of diagnosis of the primary tumor but also in the years after radical nephrectomy.
authors: Department of Urology, General Hospital of Veria, Asomata Verias 59100, Veria, Greece. sountp@hotmail.com.
authors: Petros
authors: P
authors: Sountoulides
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Metaxa
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Cindolo