title: The clinical features of spinal leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant gliomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incidence of leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant glioma is rare, so the clinical features of this are not well documented yet. We attempted to determine the clinical features of leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant gliomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 11 cases of leptomeningeal dissemination of malignant glioma, who were treated at our institution between 2006 and 2009. We investigated the clinical features of these patients by considering the following factors : tumor locations, the events of ventricular opening during surgery and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles, including the cytology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group was composed of 9 males and 2 females. The histological diagnosis of their initial intracranial tumors were 4 primary glioblastoma, 3 anaplastic astrocytoma, 1 anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, 2 ganglioglioma and 1 pleomorphic xanthoastrocyotma with anaplastic features. The mean age of the patients at the time of the initial presentation was 42.8±10.3 years. The mean time between surgery and the diagnosis of spinal dissemination was 12.3±7.9 (3-28) months. The mean overall survival after dissemination was 2.7±1.3 months. All our patients revealed a history of surgical opening of the ventricles. Elevated protein in the CSF was reported for eight patients who had their CSF profiles checked.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that in the malignant gliomas, the surgical opening of ventricles can cause the spinal leptomeningeal dissemination and the elevated protein content of CSF may be a candidate marker of leptomeningeal dissemination.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Jung-Sik
authors: JS
authors: Bae
authors: Seung-Ho
authors: SH
authors: Yang
authors: Woan-Soo
authors: WS
authors: Yoon
authors: Seok-Gu
authors: SG
authors: Kang
authors: Yong-Kil
authors: YK
authors: Hong
authors: Sin-Soo
authors: SS
authors: Jeun