title: [The pericytes, endothelium monolayer, collagen and elastin chains as the elements of areolar tissue and the substrates of chemical reaction of glyserization].
abstract: The microangiopathy under hyperglycemia and diabetes develops only in the microcirculation component of circulatory system. In this area considerable amount of pericytes is concentrated. These cells contain myofibrils and in circulatory mode envelop capillaries being situated on the outside of basilemma. It is possible that in a phylogenetic sense this is the earliest functional unity of endothelium monolayer as a pacemaker and pericytes as contractile elements which are the earliest "propeller" because of implementing the function of advancement of lymph, hemolymph and blood in capillaries. Probably, endothelium and pericytes formed the first variation of peristaltic "pump" for the purpose of blood advancement longwise of capillaries. Most probably, the state of distal part of arterial race (muscular type arterioles) impact the parameters of proximal part of arterial race (elastic type arterioles) and myocardium itself in the same extent as the state of "pump" in capillaries, endothelium and pericytes function impact the function of local peristaltic pumps (muscular type arterioles) in paracrine cenosis. It is supposed that the pericytes are the regulators of physical, hydraulic factor of activation of biologic reaction of transcitosis--excretion of nutrients and humoral mediators from capillaries to the pool of intercellular medium to perform the biologic function of homeostasis. Hyperglycemia, glycotoxins formation, bivalent substances (glyoxal, methilglyoxal, malonic dialdehyde) reacting simultaneously by both ends of molecule result in formation within collagen of areolar tissue of short transversal cross-links (glycosylation end product) which significantly increase rigidity (hardness) of capillary wall. In these conditions, myofibrils of pericytes no longer form directed deformation of capillary wall to effect peristalsis and advancement of hemolymph (blood later on) along capillaries according the synthesis of monolayer endothelium NO as a dilatation factor. This is the cause of blood circulation disturbance on the level of exchange capillaries and formation of chronic hypoxemia resulting in the only increase of rate of glycosylation chemical reaction. The microangiopathy is formed in the cells and tissues in an integrated pool of intercellular medium and never occurs in the cerebrospinal fluid pool where no hyperglycemia develops.
authors: V N
authors: VN
authors: Titov
authors: Iu K
authors: IuK
authors: Shiriaeva
mesh_terms: D001160:Arterioles / Q000503:physiopathology; D002196:Capillaries / Q000503:physiopathology; D002450:Cell Communication; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004549:Elastin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020286:Pericytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D003094:Collagen; D004549:Elastin