title: Oral rehydration therapy for preoperative fluid and electrolyte management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Preoperative fluid and electrolyte management is usually performed by intravenous therapy. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for preoperative fluid and electrolyte management of surgical patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study consisted of two studies, designed as a prospective observational study. In a pilot study, 20 surgical patients consumed 1000 mL of an oral rehydration solution (ORS) until 2 h before induction of general anesthesia. Parameters such as serum electrolyte concentrations, fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) as an index of renal blood flow, volume of esophageal-pharyngeal fluid and gastric fluid (EPGF), and patient satisfaction with ORT were assessed. In a follow-up study to assess the safety of ORT, 1078 surgical patients, who consumed ORS until 2 h before induction of general anesthesia, were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the pilot study, water, electrolytes, and carbohydrate were effectively and safely supplied by ORT. The FENa value was increased at 2 h following ORT. The volume of EPGF collected following the induction of anesthesia was 5.3±5.6 mL. In the follow-up study, a small amount of vomiting occurred in one patient, and no aspiration occurred in the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that ORT is a safe and effective therapy for the preoperative fluid and electrolyte management of selected surgical patients.
authors: School of Nutrition & Dietetics, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8522, Japan. taniguchi-hdk@kuhs.ac.jp
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Taniguchi
authors: Toshio
authors: T
authors: Sasaki
authors: Hisae
authors: H
authors: Fujita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009318:Natriuresis; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015532:Rehydration Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004573:Electrolytes; D015532:Rehydration Solutions