title: [FOTOTRANS study: multicentre study on the validity of Fototest under clinical practice conditions].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fototest is a short simple test, applicable to illiterate subjects and not influenced by educational level. The purpose of this study is to assess its validity for cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia (DEM) under routine clinical practice conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, multicentre and naturalistic study conducted in General Neurology clinics. The subjects were, over 60 years old, with a previously established diagnosis of no cognitive impairment (NoCI), cognitive impairment without dementia (CInoDEM), or dementia (DEM). The discriminant validity was assessed using the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), and probability coefficients. Partial correlations were calculated, adjusted for age, sex and education level with Eurotest, verbal fluency test (VFT) and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) score to evaluate the concurrent and construct validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen neurologists included a total of 589 subjects: 361 NoCI, 106 CINoDEM and 122 DEM. The discriminant value was better for DEM (AUC 0.94 ± 0.02) than for CI (0.86 ± 0.02). For DEM the best cut-off point was 26/27 (Sn=0.88 [95% CI, 0.93-0.97], Sp=0.87 [95% CI, 0.84-0.90]); and for CI, 28/29 (Sn=0.71 [95% CI, 0.65-0.77], Sp=0.84 [95% CI, 0.80-0.88]). Fototest showed a high and significant correlation with Eurotest (r=0.70 ± 0.02), VFT (r=0.68 ± 0.02) and the GDS score (r=-0.77 ± 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Fototest showed adequate validity for CI and DEM in general Neurology clinics in an extensive and wide geographical area.
authors: Unidad de Neurología Cognitivo-Conductual, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España. ccarnero@neurocenter.es
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Carnero-Pardo
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Sáez-Zea
authors: R
authors: R
authors: De la Vega Cotarelo
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Gurpegui
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D014705:Verbal Behavior