title: Guidelines for the preventive treatment of ischaemic stroke and TIA (I). Update on risk factors and life style.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To update the ad hoc Committee of the Cerebrovascular Diseases Study Group of The Spanish Neurological Society guidelines on prevention of ischaemic stroke (IS) and transient ischaemic attack (TIA).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed available evidence on risk factors and means of modifying them to prevent ischaemic stroke and TIA. Levels of evidence and recommendation grades are based on the classification of the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This first section summarises the recommendations for action on the following factors: blood pressure, diabetes, lipids, tobacco and alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity, cardio-embolic diseases, asymptomatic carotid stenosis, hormone replacement therapy and contraceptives, hyperhomocysteinemia, prothrombotic states and sleep apnea syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in lifestyle and pharmacological treatment for hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia, according to criteria of primary and secondary prevention, are recommended for preventing ischemic stroke.
authors: hplapazneuro@meditex.es
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Fuentes
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Gállego
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Gil-Nuñez
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Morales
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Purroy
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Roquer
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Segura
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Tejada
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Lago
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Díez-Tejedor
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Alonso de Leciñana
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Alvarez-Sabin
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Arenillas
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Calleja
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Casado
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Castellanos
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Castillo
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Dávalos
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Díaz-Otero
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Egido
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: López-Fernández
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Freijo
authors: A
authors: A
authors: García Pastor
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Gilo
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Irimia
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Maestre
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Masjuan
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Martí-Fábregas
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Martínez-Sánchez
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Martínez-Vila
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Molina
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Nombela
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ribó
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rodríguez-Yañez
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Rubio
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Serena
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Simal
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Vivancos
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008019:Life Style; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*