title: Bilateral phrenic neuropathies in a diabetic patient responsive to intravenous immunoglobulin: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bilateral phrenic neuropathy is an uncommon complication of diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a patient with diabetes mellitus who developed dyspnea from diaphragmatic paresis secondary to bilateral phrenic neuropathies on the background of subclinical generalized polyneuropathy documented by electrodiagnostic studies. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin with improved diaphragmatic function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phrenic neuropathy is a rare but important complication of diabetes mellitus. We report the first case of the beneficial use of intravenous immunoglobulin in diabetic phrenic neuropathy.
authors: University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles County Medical Center, Los Angeles, 90033 USA. rison@usc.edu
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Rison
authors: Said R
authors: SR
authors: Beydoun
mesh_terms: D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000502:physiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous