title: Chromoendoscopy in small bowel capsule endoscopy: Blue mode or Fuji Intelligent Colour Enhancement?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Virtual chromoendoscopy is used to enhance surface patterns and colour differences. One type of virtual chromoendoscopy is the Fuji Intelligent Colour Enhancement (FICE). Although widely applied in conventional endoscopy, data on FICE application in capsule endoscopy are limited. Furthermore, the validity of Blue filter (feature of RAPID(®) software) has not been examined. AIM/S: We aimed to qualitatively evaluate the use of FICE and Blue filter enhancement, in images of lesions obtained during small bowel capsule endoscopy, comparing them with similar, conventional (white light) images.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 167 images (6 different lesion categories) obtained from 200 capsule endoscopy examinations. Two gastroenterologists examined the images with white light, FICE and Blue filter in regards to the visibility of blood vessels, the contrast of the mucosal surface, and the demarcation of lesion borders. The agreed scores were: improved, similar, worse. Inter-observer agreement was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all lesion categories, Blue filter provided image improvement (compared to white light) in 83%, (inter-observer agreement: 0.786). With FICE 1, improvement was observed in 34%, worse image in 55.9%, (inter-observer agreement: 0.646). With FICE 2, improvement was observed in 8.6%, worse in 77.5%, (inter-observer agreement: 0.617). With FICE 3, improvement was seen in 7.7%, worse in 79.9% (inter-observer agreement: 0.669).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparing with FICE, Blue filter offers better image enhancement in capsule endoscopy.
authors: Endoscopy Unit, Centre for Liver & Digestive Disorders, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, EH 16 4SA Scotland, UK.
authors: Christoforos
authors: C
authors: Krystallis
authors: Anastasios
authors: A
authors: Koulaouzidis
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Douglas
authors: John N
authors: JN
authors: Plevris
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001808:Blood Vessels; D053704:Capsule Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D003116:Color; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012189:Retrospective Studies