title: Constitutive phenolics of Harpephyllum caffrum (Anacardiaceae) and their biological effects on human keratinocytes.
abstract: Assessment of the UV protecting potential of an aqueous methanol leaf extract of Harpephyllum caffrum proved that it possesses a distinct radical scavenging effect and inhibits the production of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 by human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) following UV radiation. Phytochemical investigation of this extract led to isolation and structural determination of the hitherto unknown phenolics, kaempferol 3-O-(2″-sulphatogalactopyranoside), its quercetin analogue and 3-methoxyellagic acid 4-O-galactopyranoside in addition to 18 known phenolic compounds. The structures were determined by spectroscopic and conventional methods of analysis. Flavonoid sulphatoglycosides which have been rarely found in nature were major phenolic constituents of this plant, and this is the first report of the isolation of any of them from Anacardiaceae. The extract was found to diminish UV phototoxic reaction of keratinocytes. However, the isolated kaempferol sulphatogalactopyranoside did not interact with UVB triggered IL-6 production of HaCaT keratinocytes.
authors: Department of Phytochemistry and Chemosystematics, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. heshamnesrienmahmoud@yahoo.com
authors: Mahmoud
authors: M
authors: Nawwar
authors: Sahar
authors: S
authors: Hussein
authors: Nahla
authors: N
authors: Ayoub
authors: Amani
authors: A
authors: Hashim
authors: Reham
authors: R
authors: El-Sharawy
authors: Urlike
authors: U
authors: Lindequist
authors: Manualle
authors: M
authors: Harms
authors: Kristian
authors: K
authors: Wende
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017484:Dermatitis, Phototoxic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005697:Galactosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: C571580:3-methoxyellagic acid 4-O-galactopyranoside; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005697:Galactosides; D015850:Interleukin-6; D044949:Kaempferols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; C571579:kaempferol 3-O-(2''-sulfatogalactopyranoside); D004610:Ellagic Acid; D011794:Quercetin