title: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of three-implant-retained mandibular overdentures: a 3-year retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate three-implant-retained mandibular overdentures after 3 years in terms of success rates, maximum occlusal force (MOF), marginal bone loss around implants (MBL), patient satisfaction, and quality of life (QoL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three edentulous adults with maxillary complete dentures who received three-implant-retained mandibular overdentures with ball or bar attachments by the same surgeon over a 1-year period were evaluated 3 years after overdenture loading. Subjects were asked to grade their three-implant-retained mandibular overdentures on a visual analog scale and to complete the short-form Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) to evaluate satisfaction and QoL. MBL was evaluated using panoramic radiography. MOF with and without implant support was recorded using a strain gauge. Overall success was measured by absence of mobility, peri-implant radiolucency, pain and paresthesia, and progressive MBL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall success rate of implants was 100%. MBL around center implants was lower than around implants on the right and left sides (P = .001 and P =.03, respectively). MOF without implant support was lower than with implant support (P =.001). There was no association between attachment type and either MBL, MOF, satisfaction, or QoL (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The excellent outcomes for three-implant-retained mandibular overdentures indicate that, regardless of attachment type, three-implant-retained mandibular overdentures opposing complete dentures are a successful treatment option for edentulous adults.
authors: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. geckili@istanbul.edu.tr
authors: Onur
authors: O
authors: Geckili
authors: Hakan
authors: H
authors: Bilhan
authors: Emre
authors: E
authors: Mumcu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification; D001732:Bite Force; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003779:Denture Design; D003781:Denture Retention / Q000295:instrumentation; D003826:Denture, Complete, Lower; D003828:Denture, Overlay; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010292:Paresthesia / Q000145:classification; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants