title: Occurrence of fumonisins in feed for swine and horses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2), and overall mycotoxins feed contamination may cause several effects on crops production and animal health. The contamination occurred predominantly in corn and corn-based foods and feeds.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This survey intends to provide the occurrence of fumonisins in swine and equine mixed feeds in Portugal, making an overview from 2007 to 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 363 samples were analyzed, 258 from swine feed and 105 from horse feed with HPLC method. The detection limit was 50 μg/kg for FB1 and 100 μg/kg for FB2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall results were 13% of FB1 occurrence from 2007 to 2010. FB1 was detected in about 17.0% of swine feed samples, being more frequent in 2010 (32.9%). In this year (2010) levels ranged between 66.7 and 3815.5 μg/kg. FB2 occurred only in 2010 in swine feed (6 samples, ranging between 104.0 to 467.2 μg/kg) and in horse feed (1 sample).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This represents an increase in occurrence through the analyzed years, but this may not be a threat to animal health, once the values were below the recommended guidance values from European Commission.
authors: INRB, IP - Laboratório Nacional de Investigação Veterinária, Estrada de Benfica 701, 1549-011 Lisboa, Portugal. marina.martins@lniv.min-agricultura.pt
authors: Hermínia M L
authors: HM
authors: Martins
authors: Inês F M
authors: IF
authors: Almeida
authors: Carolina R L
authors: CR
authors: Camacho
authors: Sara M O
authors: SM
authors: Santos
authors: José M G
authors: JM
authors: Costa
authors: Fernando M A
authors: FM
authors: Bernardo
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005060:Europe; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis*; D006736:Horses; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D011174:Portugal; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D037341:Fumonisins; C056934:fumonisin B2; C056933:fumonisin B1