title: Lack of association of NAMPT rs9770242 and rs59744560 polymorphisms with disease susceptibility and cardiovascular risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Visfatin is an adipokine encoded by the NAMPT (PBEF1) gene. In this study we assessed the potential association of two NAMPT gene polymorphisms with disease susceptibility and cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,395 patients fulfilling the 1987 ACR classification criteria for RA and 1,230 matched controls, were genotyped for the NAMPT rs9770242 and rs59744560 gene polymorphisms, located within the proximal promoter, using predesigned TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping assay. Also, HLA-DRB1 genotyping was performed using molecular based methods. In a second step, 1,196 patients in whom full information was available were assessed to determine the influence of NAMPT rs9770242 and rs59744560 polymorphisms in the development of CV events. Also, the potential influence of these polymorphisms in the development of subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed in a subgroup of patients with no history of CV events by brachial artery reactivity to determine flow-mediated endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatation (n=125) and by B-mode ultrasonography to determine the carotid artery intima-media thickness (n=105).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences in the allele or genotype frequencies for the NAMPT gene polymorphisms between RA patients and controls were found. A modest non significant lower frequency of the minor allele G of rs9770242 polymorphism was observed among patients with CV disease (20.62%) compared to those without CV disease (22.83%) (p=0.39). Also, a slight nonsignificant lower frequency of the minor allele T of rs59744560 polymorphism in patients with CV events (9.81%) compared with those RA patients who did not experience CV disease (13.07%) (p=0.11) was observed. Likewise, no significant association between the NAMPT polymorphisms with surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis was found in patients with RA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NAMPT rs9770242 and rs59744560 polymorphisms are not markers of disease susceptibility and CV disease in RA.
authors: Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López-Neyra, C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: García-Bermúdez
authors: C
authors: C
authors: González-Juanatey
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Miranda-Filloy
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Perez-Esteban
authors: T R
authors: TR
authors: Vazquez-Rodriguez
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Castañeda
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Balsa
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Fernández-Gutierrez
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Llorca
authors: I
authors: I
authors: González-Alvaro
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Martín
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: González-Gay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human