title: Polymicrobial periodontal pathogen transcriptomes in calvarial bone and soft tissue.
abstract: Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia are consistently associated with adult periodontitis. This study sought to document the host transcriptome to a P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T.forsythia challenge as a polymicrobial infection using a murine calvarial model of acute inflammation and bone resorption. Mice were infected with P. gingivalis, T. denticola, and T. forsythia over the calvaria, after which the soft tissues and calvarial bones were excised. A Murine GeneChip(®) array analysis of transcript profiles showed that 6997 genes were differentially expressed in calvarial bones (P < 0.05) and 1544 genes were differentially transcribed in the inflamed tissues after the polymicrobial infection. Of these genes, 4476 and 1035 genes in the infected bone and tissues were differentially expressed by upregulation. Biological pathways significantly impacted by the polymicrobial infection in calvarial bone included leukocyte transendothelial migration (LTM), cell adhesion molecules, adherens junction, major histocompatibility complex antigen, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, and antigen processing and presentation resulting in inflammatory/cytokine/chemokine transcripts stimulation in bone and soft tissue. Intense inflammation and increased activated osteoclasts were observed in calvarias compared with sham-infected controls. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed that the mRNA level of selected genes corresponded with the microarray expression. The polymicrobial infection regulated several LTM and extracellular membrane pathway genes in a manner distinct from mono-infection with P. gingivalis, T. denticola, or T. forsythia. To our knowledge, this is the first definition of the polymicrobially induced transcriptome in calvarial bone and soft tissue in response to periodontal pathogens.
authors: Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Bakthavatchalu
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Meka
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Mans
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Sathishkumar
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Lopez
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Bhattacharyya
authors: B F
authors: BF
authors: Boyce
authors: H V
authors: HV
authors: Baker
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Lamont
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Ebersole
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Kesavalu
mesh_terms: D022005:Adherens Junctions; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D000818:Animals; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000235:genetics*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena / Q000235:genetics; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000235:genetics; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D060085:Coinfection / Q000382:microbiology*; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000235:genetics; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012886:Skull / Q000382:microbiology; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*; D057705:Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration / Q000235:genetics; D048373:Treponema denticola / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D024061:Collagen Type III; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins