title: Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes.
abstract: Diet strongly affects human health, partly by modulating gut microbiome composition. We used diet inventories and 16S rDNA sequencing to characterize fecal samples from 98 individuals. Fecal communities clustered into enterotypes distinguished primarily by levels of Bacteroides and Prevotella. Enterotypes were strongly associated with long-term diets, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella). A controlled-feeding study of 10 subjects showed that microbiome composition changed detectably within 24 hours of initiating a high-fat/low-fiber or low-fat/high-fiber diet, but that enterotype identity remained stable during the 10-day study. Thus, alternative enterotype states are associated with long-term diet.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. gdwu@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors: Gary D
authors: GD
authors: Wu
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Hoffmann
authors: Kyle
authors: K
authors: Bittinger
authors: Ying-Yu
authors: YY
authors: Chen
authors: Sue A
authors: SA
authors: Keilbaugh
authors: Meenakshi
authors: M
authors: Bewtra
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Knights
authors: William A
authors: WA
authors: Walters
authors: Rob
authors: R
authors: Knight
authors: Rohini
authors: R
authors: Sinha
authors: Erin
authors: E
authors: Gilroy
authors: Kernika
authors: K
authors: Gupta
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Baldassano
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Nessel
authors: Hongzhe
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Frederic D
authors: FD
authors: Bushman
authors: James D
authors: JD
authors: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D054892:Metagenome; D008875:Middle Aged; D018720:Prevotella / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D045857:Ruminococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber