title: Peri-ictal urinary dysfunction in patients with epilepsy: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of peri-ictal urinary symptoms and their association with seizure type in patients with epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 115 patients with epilepsy were recruited consecutively from neurology clinic between January 2006 and January 2008. Peri-ictal period was defined as the period ranging from 2 minutes prior to seizure attack up to 48 hours after it, and post-ictal period was the time up to 48 hours after regaining consciousness. Peri-ictal urinary complaints were gathered with interview and data were analyzed using Pearson's Chi-square, Fisher's Exact test, and independent sample t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population consisted of 57 (49.5%) men and 58 (50.4%) women, with the mean age of 26.83 ± 10.01 years. The frequency of at least one urinary symptom in studied patients was 39.1%. Incontinence, frequency, urgency, retention, and hesitancy were reported by 28 (24.3%), 14 (12.2%), 19 (16.5%), 10 (8.7%), and 8 (7%) patients, respectively. Women expressed more symptoms than men and a higher frequency of peri-ictal retention. Although overall urinary complaints were more frequent in patients with partial seizures, there was a higher frequency of urgency in patients with partial seizure (P = .037). Furthermore, apart from retention, there was no significant correlation between peri-ictal urinary symptoms and the patients' age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that peri-ictal urologic dysfunction is a common problem among patients with epilepsy and post-ictal urinary retention might also be considered as a post-ictal deficit (Todd's deficit).
authors: Urology Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Mahmoud
authors: M
authors: Motamedi
authors: Mohammad Reza
authors: MR
authors: Nikoobakht
authors: Mehdi
authors: M
authors: Aloosh
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Ebrahimi Nasrabady
authors: Azadeh
authors: A
authors: Afshin
authors: Amirhossein
authors: A
authors: Orandi
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Talei Khatibi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*