title: Caffeine and screen time in adolescence: associations with short sleep and obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the associations between sleep duration and obesity incidence and risk factors among pre-adolescents and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of a community based cohort
  
  
  METHODS
  The Tucson Children's Assessment of Sleep Apnea follow-up study (TuCASA) cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  319 Caucasian and Hispanics between 10-17 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parent-reported sleep duration and BMI z-score.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surveys of electronic screen time, dietary and caffeine intake, exercise and sleep habits by parents, and anthropometric measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parent-reported total sleep time (TST) was inversely associated with BMI z-score, but not significantly correlated with any of the examined nutritional variables or exercise components. Hispanic ethnicity was associated with significantly lower parent-reported TST and higher BMI z-score. Parent-reported TST was inversely related to electronic screen time and caffeine use, but these findings were differentially related to age. Caffeine consumption was associated with decreasing parent-reported TST primarily in older adolescents. Electronic screen time was associated with lower parent-reported TST in younger adolescents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hispanic ethnicity and parental reports of TST were found to be the most closely associated with BMI z-score. Decreased TST and increased caffeine intake and screen time may result in higher obesity risk in the adolescent population.
authors: Arizona Respiratory Center, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
authors: Amy A
authors: AA
authors: Drescher
authors: James L
authors: JL
authors: Goodwin
authors: Graciela E
authors: GE
authors: Silva
authors: Stuart F
authors: SF
authors: Quan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000886:Anthropometry; D001130:Arizona / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D017286:Polysomnography; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors; D014505:Urban Population; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D002110:Caffeine