title: Neurotoxicity of the CNS: diagnosis, treatment and prevention.
abstract: Treatment-induced CNS toxicity remains a major cause of morbidity in patients with cancer. Real advances in the design of safer radiation procedures have been counterbalanced by a wider use of combined radiotherapy (RT)-chemotherapy regimens, the development of radiosurgery, and the increasing number of long-term survivors. While classic radionecrosis or chemonecrosis have become less common, more subtle changes such as progressive cognitive dysfunction are increasingly reported after RT (radiation-induced leukoencephalopathy) or chemotherapy (administered alone or in combination). The most important and controversial complications of RT, chemotherapy and combined treatments in the CNS are reviewed here, including new diagnostic tools, practical management and prevention that will influence the future management of cancer patients.
authors: Service de neurologie, service de santé des armées, hôpital d'instruction des armées du Val-de-Grâce, 74 boulevard de Port-Royal, Paris, France. damien.ricard@m4x.org
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Ricard
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Soussain
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Psimaras
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000532:radiotherapy; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D056784:Leukoencephalopathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents