title: Critical role of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-δ on body fat reduction in C57BL/6J and human apolipoprotein E2 transgenic mice fed delipidated soybean.
abstract: The consumption of soy protein and fiber reduces body fat accumulation; however, the mechanism of this effect has not been clearly understood. We investigated the antiobesogenic effect of soy protein and fiber in two different mouse models. Normolipidemic nonobese C57BL/6J and hyperlipidemic obese human apolipoprotein E2 transgenic mice were fed either delipidated soybean (DLSB) containing soy protein and fiber or a control diet. The DLSB-fed mice showed a significant reduction in body weight gain and adiposity compared with controls, in both C57BL/6J and apoE2 mice. All metabolic parameters were significantly improved in the DLSB group compared with controls: total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and leptin levels were significantly reduced. Adiponectin concentrations were significantly elevated, and glucose tolerance was improved. In both types of DLSB-fed mice, the specific induction of PPAR-δ protein expression was evident in muscle and adipose tissues. The expression of PPAR-δ target genes in the DLSB-fed mice was also significantly altered. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 and fatty acid synthase levels in adipose tissue were downregulated, and uncoupling protein-2 in muscle was upregulated. Intestinal expression of fatty acid transport protein-4, cluster of differentiation-36, and acyl-CoA synthetase were significantly downregulated. We propose that marked activation of PPAR-δ is the primary mechanism mediating the antiobesogenic effect of soybean and that PPAR-δ has multiple actions: induction of thermogenesis in muscle, reduction of fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue, and reduction of fatty acid uptake in intestinal tissue.
authors: Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, South Korea.
authors: Ji Hae
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Hee-jin
authors: HJ
authors: Jun
authors: Yaoyao
authors: Y
authors: Jia
authors: Wook
authors: W
authors: Kim
authors: Sung-Gil
authors: SG
authors: Choi
authors: Sung-Joon
authors: SJ
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D053329:Apolipoprotein E2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D047494:PPAR delta; D028321:Plant Preparations; D030262:Soybean Proteins