title: Increased pfmdr1 copy number and sequence polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Sudanese malaria patients treated with artemether-lumefantrine.
abstract: Molecular markers for surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to current antimalarials are sorely needed. A 28-day efficacy study of artemether-lumefantrine in eastern Sudan identified 5 treatment failures among 100 evaluable patients; 9 further individuals were parasite positive by PCR during follow-up. Polymorphisms in pfatpase6 and pfmdr1 were evaluated by DNA sequencing. One individual carried parasites with a novel pfmdr1 polymorphism (F1044L). pfmdr1 gene amplification in parasites prior to treatment occurred in three individuals who had recurrent infection during follow-up.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Centre for Research, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors: Nahla B
authors: NB
authors: Gadalla
authors: Ishag
authors: I
authors: Adam
authors: Salah-Eldin
authors: SE
authors: Elzaki
authors: Sahar
authors: S
authors: Bashir
authors: Izdihar
authors: I
authors: Mukhtar
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Oguike
authors: Amal
authors: A
authors: Gadalla
authors: Fathi
authors: F
authors: Mansour
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Warhurst
authors: Badria B
authors: BB
authors: El-Sayed
authors: Colin J
authors: CJ
authors: Sutherland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077611:Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D000077611:Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination; D037621:Artemisinins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004983:Ethanolamines; D005449:Fluorenes; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; C513498:Mdr1 protein, Plasmodium falciparum