title: Food quality, physical activity, and nutritional follow-up as determinant of weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assess the lifestyle habits, including food patterns, of patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and to identify predictive factors in weight loss and regain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obese patients (100) who underwent RYGB from 1998 to 2008 were included. Dietary habits were assessed by using 24 h dietary recall and the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Rates of weight regain and the percentage of excess weight loss (EWL) were calculated. Patients were also asked whether they attended nutritional follow-up visits after the operation and about the type and regularity of physical activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 45.1 ± 9.9 y, and the majority of the patients were women (84%). Mean EWL was 59.1 ± 20.3%. Weight regain was seen in 56% of the patients with 29% of the patients having regained over 10.1% of the minimum weight reached after RYGB. Weight regain increased significantly with time after surgery (up to 2 y: 14.7%; from 2 to 5 y: 69.7%; over 5 y: 84.8%). Poor diet quality characterized by excessive intake of calories, snacks, sweets, and fatty foods was statistically higher among those who regained weight. Sedentary lifestyle and lack of nutritional counseling follow-up were also significantly associated with regaining weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite satisfactory results of EWL, the patients did not properly maintain the lost weight, mainly after 5 y postsurgery. Major factors that influenced this weight gain were poor diet quality, sedentary lifestyle, and lack of nutritional counseling follow-up.
authors: Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. rachelhorta.freire@gmail.com
authors: Rachel Horta
authors: RH
authors: Freire
authors: Mariane Curado
authors: MC
authors: Borges
authors: Jacqueline Isaura
authors: JI
authors: Alvarez-Leite
authors: Maria Isabel
authors: MI
authors: Toulson Davisson Correia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000193:education; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D015430:Weight Gain