title: Methods of generating state revenue for breast cancer prevention and early detection: an analysis of pink dollars.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed income tax check-offs, specialty license plates, and lottery tickets as ways states raise funds for the early detection and prevention of breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an inventory of state legislation allowing these revenue-generating methods, and collected and compared information on each initiative. We conducted logistic regression analyses to compare these methods with state breast cancer mortality rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen states had programs for contributions through an income tax check-off. Revenue for tax check-offs and plates is influenced by state population. The median annual revenue for the income tax check-off was $115,000. Twenty-six states had breast cancer license plates generating more than $4.1 million in revenue. The extra cost of the plates ranged from $20 to 75 (mean = $37). Only Illinois offered a state breast cancer lottery ticket, which raised $4 million from 2005 to 2009. States with medium or high breast cancer mortality rates were 2.5 times more likely to offer breast cancer specialty license plates than states with low breast cancer mortality rates; however, we found no statistically significant difference in breast cancer mortality tertiles by income tax check-off.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Revenue-generating breast cancer initiatives can be successful strategies for states to raise funds for breast cancer prevention and early detection programs. Although these initiatives can generate revenue, amounts are variable due to population differences, the number of other plates/check-offs/lotteries offered, and the choice to decrease donations during difficult economic times. State breast cancer mortality rates may influence the availability of these initiatives.
authors: Washington University in St. Louis, George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Prevention Research Center in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. aeyler@wustl.edu
authors: Amy A
authors: AA
authors: Eyler
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Dodson
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Chalifour
authors: Ross C
authors: RC
authors: Brownson
mesh_terms: D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000191:economics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005653:Fund Raising / Q000379:methods*; D005715:Gambling; D006801:Humans; D008004:Licensure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013660:Taxes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States