title: Fatal hemophagocytic syndrome in a patient with a previously well-controlled asymptomatic HIV infection after EBV reactivation.
abstract: We present a rare case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in a 70 year-old male patient with previously well-controlled HIV infection. We could confirm HLH in different organs post mortem. Since the diagnosis of HLH was delayed, the patient died despite initiation of chemotherapy. As cause for HLH, an EBV reactivation could be confirmed. In HIV infection, HLH may be the first HIV manifestation, often triggered by an opportunistic infection or immune reconstitution syndrome, but it is uncommon in the state of a well-controlled or aviremic HIV infection.
authors: Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Hospital Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany. Jan.Thoden@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Thoden
authors: Siegbert
authors: S
authors: Rieg
authors: Nils
authors: N
authors: Venhoff
authors: Vanessa
authors: V
authors: Wennekes
authors: Annette
authors: A
authors: Schmitt-Graeff
authors: Dirk
authors: D
authors: Wagner
authors: Winfried V
authors: WV
authors: Kern
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D014775:Virus Activation