title: Serotype and antimicrobial profile distribution of invasive pneumococcal isolates in the pre-vaccine introduction era in Pretoria, South Africa, 2005 through 2009.
abstract: A description of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates over a 5-year period from blood culture and cerebrospinal fluid culture follows, in Pretoria South Africa January 2005 through December 2009. Isolates were identified using standard microbiological techniques, serotyped, and a MIC determined for penicillin and cefotaxime. A total of 177 isolates were included in the analysis. Eighty percent of patients in the 18- to 45-year age group tested positive for HIV. In children <5 years of age, 66% (n = 49) of serotypes were those present in the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7). Fifty-nine percent (n = 29) were from PCV-7 serotypes in the <1-year-old age group. An additional peak of invasive disease was also seen in the 18- to 45-year age group. Only 1 of 177 isolates had resistance to penicillin (MIC ≥2 μg/mL); none was resistant to cefotaxime. The introduction of the PCV-7 vaccine in South Africa will decrease invasive pneumococcal disease caused by vaccine serotypes.
authors: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Pretoria and National Health Laboratory Services, Tshwane Academic Division, South Africa. ejsilberbauer@gmail.com
authors: Eduard Johan
authors: EJ
authors: Silberbauer
authors: Nazir
authors: N
authors: Ismail
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: von Gottberg
authors: Anwar A
authors: AA
authors: Hoosen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D012703:Serotyping; D013019:South Africa; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines