title: Clinical outcome in a series of 173 cases of foreign body granuloma: improved outcomes with a novel surgical technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Soft-tissue filler injections have become popular, and injections of even illegal materials are widespread. Complications such as foreign body granuloma often occur in such cases, and appropriate treatment is mandatory but no optimal treatment has been established.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated 173 patients who underwent surgical excision of foreign body granulomas via direct approach to the lesion (n = 121) or injection therapies (n = 52) at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital over a period of 7 years from April 2004 to February 2011. A retrospective chart review found that 104 patients had a history of treatment failure at other hospitals. Among these 104 patients, 83 had a history of prior injection therapy and 21 patients had a history of prior surgical therapy. Patient satisfaction was evaluated at our hospital on a scale of 1-5 using an in-house questionnaire. Comparisons between patients receiving injection therapy and patients receiving surgical therapy were made using the Mann-Whitney test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who underwent surgical therapy via direct approach to the lesion reported statistically higher satisfaction scores 4(3-4) than those who underwent injection therapy 3(2-3) (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our novel surgical technique results in better outcomes and patient satisfaction in cases of severe foreign body granuloma.
authors: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 108 Pyung-Dong, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-746, South Korea.
authors: Tae Hwan
authors: TH
authors: Park
authors: Sang Won
authors: SW
authors: Seo
authors: June-Kyu
authors: JK
authors: Kim
authors: Choong Hyun
authors: CH
authors: Chang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid