title: Differential improvements in lipid profiles and Framingham recurrent risk score in patients with and without diabetes mellitus undergoing long-term cardiac rehabilitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether lipid profiles and recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) risk could be modified in patients with and without diabetes mellitus undergoing long-term cardiac rehabilitation (CR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of patient case records.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-based phase 4 CR program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients without diabetes (n=154; 89% men; mean ± SD age, 59.6 ± 8.5y; body mass index [BMI], 27.0 ± 3.5 kg/m²) and patients with diabetes (n=20; 81% men; mean age, 63.0 ± 8.7y; BMI, 28.7 ± 3.3 kg/m²) who completed 15 months of CR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exercise testing and training, risk profiling, and risk-factor education.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiometabolic risk factors and 2- to 4-year Framingham recurrent CHD risk scores were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At follow up, a significant main effect for time was evident for decreased body mass and waist circumference and improved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness (all P<.05), showing the benefits of CR in both groups. However, a significant group-by-time interaction effect was evident for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level and total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C ratio (both P<.05). TC/HDL-C ratio improved (5.0 ± 1.5 to 4.4 ± 1.3) in patients without diabetes, but showed no improvement in patients with diabetes (4.8 ± 1.6 v 4.9 ± 1.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We showed that numerous anthropometric, submaximal fitness, and cardiometabolic risk variables (especially LDL-C level) improved significantly after long-term CR. However, some aspects of cardiometabolic risk (measures incorporating TC and HDL-C) improved significantly in only the nondiabetic group.
authors: Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, UK.
authors: Sean
authors: S
authors: Carroll
authors: Costas
authors: C
authors: Tsakirides
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Hobkirk
authors: James W A
authors: JW
authors: Moxon
authors: James W D
authors: JW
authors: Moxon
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Dudfield
authors: Lee
authors: L
authors: Ingle
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids