title: Parental problem drinking, marital aggression, and child emotional insecurity: a longitudinal investigation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Marital aggression plays an important role in relations between parental problem drinking and child maladjustment. The purpose of the current study was to apply emotional security theory as a framework for understanding the role of marital aggression.
  
  
  METHODS
  A community sample of 235 children in kindergarten participated once a year for 3 years. Parents completed measures of parental problem drinking and marital aggression, and children were interviewed about their emotional security reactions to marital conflict vignettes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater parental problem drinking was directly associated with children's more negative emotional reactions to conflict. Maternal problem drinking predicted increased sad reactions and negative expectations for the future. Paternal problem drinking predicted increases in child anger reactions and negative expectations for the future. Parental problem drinking was also indirectly associated with child reactions via marital aggression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results confirmed hypotheses that parental problem drinking would be related to child emotional insecurity and that associations would be indirect via greater marital conflict. Findings are interpreted in terms of emotional security theory as a framework for understanding the effects of parental problem drinking on marital aggression and child development.
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA. peggy.keller@uky.edu
authors: Peggy S
authors: PS
authors: Keller
authors: Lauren R
authors: LR
authors: Gilbert
authors: Kalsea J
authors: KJ
authors: Koss
authors: E Mark
authors: EM
authors: Cummings
authors: Patrick T
authors: PT
authors: Davies
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D000786:Anger; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D002652:Child Behavior; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D054541:Family Conflict / Q000523:psychology*; D005192:Family Health; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007629:Kentucky / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010332:Paternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*