title: Investigation of protective effect of hydrogen-rich water against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats using blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the mechanism of the protective effect of hydrogen-rich water (HW) against cisplatin (CP)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats using blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Apparent transverse relaxation time-weighted images (T2 WI) were acquired in 28 rats. The control group (n = 7) had free access to standard water (SW) and no CP injection. The CP group (n = 7) had free access to SW and was given a CP injection on day 0. The CP+HW group (n = 7) had free access to HW and had a CP injection. The HW group (n = 7) had free access to HW and no CP injection. The apparent transverse relaxation rate (R2) was estimated from T2 WI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the CP+HW group, the R2 value in the medulla normalized by the value of the day 0 was significantly greater than that in the CP group on days 4 and 7. The creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in the CP group were significantly higher than those in the control, CP+HW, and HW groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BOLD MRI may be useful for demonstrating the change in R2 in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The changes in the CP+HW group were suspected to be due to a reduction of cytotoxic oxygen radicals.
authors: Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Division of Medical Technology and Science, Faculty of Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors: Taro
authors: T
authors: Matsushita
authors: Yoshinori
authors: Y
authors: Kusakabe
authors: Akihiro
authors: A
authors: Kitamura
authors: Sakie
authors: S
authors: Okada
authors: Kenya
authors: K
authors: Murase
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D006859:Hydrogen; D003404:Creatinine; D002945:Cisplatin