title: Oxidative and inflammatory status in Type 2 diabetes patients with periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the impact of periodontitis on oxidative/inflammatory status and diabetes control in Type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparative study of 20 Type 2 diabetes patients with periodontitis [body mass index (BMI) 31+5], 20-age/gender-matched, non-periodontitis Type 2 diabetes controls (BMI 29+6) and 20 non-diabetes periodontitis controls (BMI 25+4) had periodontal examinations and fasting blood samples collected. Oxidative stress was determined by plasma small molecule antioxidant capacity (pSMAC) and protein carbonyl levels; inflammatory status by total/differential leucocytes, fibrinogen and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP); diabetes status by fasting glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, insulin resistance and secretion. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  pSMAC was lower (p=0.03) and protein carbonyls higher (p=0.007) in Type 2 diabetes patients with periodontitis compared with those without periodontitis. Periodontitis was associated with significantly higher HbA1c (p=0.002) and fasting glucose levels (p=0.04) and with lower β-cell function (HOMA-β; p=0.01) in diabetes patients. Periodontitis had little effect on inflammatory markers or lipid profiles, but Type 2 diabetes patients with periodontitis had higher levels of hsCRP than those without diabetes (p=0.004) and the lowest levels of HDL-cholesterol of all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periodontitis is associated with increased oxidative stress and compromised glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes patients.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Cork University Dental School and Hospital, Wilton, Ireland. e.allen@ucc.ie
authors: Edith M
authors: EM
authors: Allen
authors: John B
authors: JB
authors: Matthews
authors: Domhnall J
authors: DJ
authors: O' Halloran
authors: Helen R
authors: HR
authors: Griffiths
authors: Iain L
authors: IL
authors: Chapple
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin