title: Alpha 1 adrenoreceptor antagonists.
abstract: KEY POINTS AND PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: •  α Antagonists lower blood pressure by selectively blocking post-synaptic α(1) -adrenoreceptors, which antagonizes catecholamine-induced constriction of the arterial and venous vascular beds. •  α(1) -Adrenoreceptor antagonists are not indicated for initial, first-line antihypertensive therapy; however, they can be added to most other antihypertensive drug classes in--preferably diuretic-containing--drug regimens. •  When used over time, these agents cause expansion of the extracellular fluid and plasma volumes that typically manifests as weight gain and an attenuation of the blood pressure-lowering efficacy in persons who are consuming usual amounts of dietary sodium. •  Utilization of α(1) -adrenoreceptor antagonists with diuretics such as chlorthalidone or hydrochlorothiazide is beneficial because these agents minimize the α antagonist-induced expansion of the extracellular and plasma volumes while providing significant incremental reductions in blood pressure. •  α(1) -Adrenoreceptor antagonists are especially useful in men with benign prostatic hypertrophy because they increase mean and peak urinary flow rates as well as reduce lower urinary tract symptoms. •  α(1) -Adrenoreceptor antagonists are contraindicated in persons with heart failure because of their aforementioned ability to expand extracellular and plasma volumes.
authors: Cardiolgy and Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. grimm001@umn.edu
authors: Richard H
authors: RH
authors: Grimm
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Flack
mesh_terms: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents