title: Radiographic findings in late-presenting congenital diaphragmatic hernia: helpful imaging findings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Imaging findings in delayed presentation of congenital diaphragmatic hernia can be confusing and misleading, resulting in a delay in diagnosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the often puzzling plain film findings of late-presenting CDH in an effort to determine whether any of the findings could be helpful in arriving at an early diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed and documented the plain film findings and clinical data in eight patients seen during the last 20 years with late-presenting CDH. IRB exempt status was obtained in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were five boys and three girls. The age range was 4 months to 12 years with a mean of 2.4 years. Five children presented with acute respiratory problems while three presented with acute abdominal pain. Two children presented with both respiratory and abdominal findings and one also presented with hematemesis. Two children had radiographic findings that were not difficult to analyze while the remaining six had findings that posed initial diagnostic problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although not common, late-presenting CDH can result in confusing plain film radiographic findings and a delay in diagnosis. We found that the most important finding in analyzing these radiographs is in evaluating the location and position of the gastric bubble with the more common left-side hernias.
authors: Department of Pediatric Radiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-0585, USA.
authors: Sofia
authors: S
authors: Muzzafar
authors: Leonard E
authors: LE
authors: Swischuk
authors: Siddharth P
authors: SP
authors: Jadhav
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity