title: Toward the early evaluation of therapeutic effects: an electrochemical platform for ultrasensitive detection of apoptotic cells.
abstract: The ability for early evaluation of therapeutic effects is a significant challenge in leukemia research. To address this challenge, we developed a novel electrochemical platform for ultrasensitive and selective detection of apoptotic cells in response to therapy. In order to construct the platform, a novel three-dimensional (3-D) architecture was initially fabricated after combining nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and gold nanoparticles via a layer-by-layer method. The formed architecture provided an effective matrix for annexin V with high stability and bioactivity to enhance sensitivity. On the basis of the specific recognition between annexin V and phosphatidylserine on the apoptotic cell membrane, the annexin V/3-D architecture interface showed a predominant capability for apoptotic cell capture. Moreover, a lectin-based nanoprobe was designed by noncovalent assembly of concanavalin A on CdTe quantum dots (QDs)-labeled silica nanospheres with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) as a linker. This nanoprobe incorporated both the specific carbohydrate recognition and the multilabeled QDs-based signal amplification. By coupling with the QDs-based nanoprobe and electrochemical stripping analysis, the proposed sandwich-type cytosensor showed an excellent analytical performance for the ultrasensitive detection of apoptotic cells (as low as 48 cells), revealing great potential toward the early evaluation of therapeutic effects.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jing-Jing
authors: JJ
authors: Zhang
authors: Ting-Ting
authors: TT
authors: Zheng
authors: Fang-Fang
authors: FF
authors: Cheng
authors: Jian-Rong
authors: JR
authors: Zhang
authors: Jun-Jie
authors: JJ
authors: Zhu
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000737:chemistry; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D004566:Electrodes; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry; D045663:Quantum Dots; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013691:Tellurium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D011073:Polyamines; D003208:Concanavalin A; C063994:polyallylamine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013691:Tellurium; C028337:cadmium telluride