title: Effects of selenium supplementation on iodine and thyroid hormone status in a selected population with goitre in Pakistan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Selenium (Se) has an essential role in thyroid hormone metabolism. It has the potential to play a major part in the outcome of iodine (I) deficiency The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Se and I status of biological samples (serum and urine) of 160 goitrous male (GMPs) and 195 female patients (GFPs). The supplemental effects of Se (200 microg/day) and I (100 - 125 microg/day) were evaluated after 6 months. For comparison purposes, non-goitrous subjects of both genders (n = 440) with same age group and socioeconomic status were also selected.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS) was used to investigate the Se concentration in the biological samples, prior to microwave assisted acid digestion. Quality control for the methodology was established by comparing the results obtained with certified samples with those obtained by conventional wet acid digestion method on the same CRMs and real samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean serum Se concentration was significantly lower, while urinary Se was higher in GMPs and GFPs as compared to control subjects (p < 0.005 and < 0.007, respectively). The levels of I, free tri-iodothyronine, and thyroxin were found in goitrous patients of both genders were low compared to age matched healthy controls (p < 0.015, < 0.006, and < 0.002, respectively). On the other hand, high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone were observed in GMPs and GFPs (p < 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was observed that Se in biological samples of hypothyroid patients can play an important role in determining the severity of the hypothyroidism associated with iodine deficiency. A wide-scale epidemiological study is recommended together with the examination of the potential preventive role of Se supplementation in endemic goiter regions.
authors: National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, Sindh University, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
authors: Ghulam Abbas
authors: GA
authors: Kandhro
authors: Tasneem Gul
authors: TG
authors: Kazi
authors: Sirajuddin
authors: Nida Fatima
authors: NF
authors: Kolachi
authors: Naveed
authors: N
authors: Kazi
authors: Hassan Imran
authors: HI
authors: Afridi
authors: Jameel Ahmed
authors: JA
authors: Baig
authors: Abdul Qadir
authors: AQ
authors: Shah
authors: Sham Kumar
authors: SK
authors: Wadhwa
authors: Sumaira
authors: S
authors: Khan
authors: Muhammad Balal
authors: MB
authors: Arain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D006042:Goiter / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D007455:Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011199:Potentiometry; D011786:Quality Control; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000652:urine; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013048:Specimen Handling; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D007455:Iodine; D012643:Selenium; D013974:Thyroxine