title: Randomized clinical trial of four adhesion strategies: 18-month results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With Institutional Review Board approval, 39 patients who needed restoration of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) were enrolled in this study. A total of 125 NCCLs were selected and randomly assigned to four groups: 1) a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive, Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (MP, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA); 2) a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive, Adper Single Bond Plus (SB, 3M ESPE); 3) a two-step self-etch adhesive, Adper Scotchbond SE (SE, 3M ESPE); and 4) a one-step self-etch adhesive, Adper Easy Bond (EB, 3M ESPE). A nanofilled composite resin was used for all restorations. Restorations were evaluated at six months and 18 months using modified U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS) parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At six months after initial placement, 107 restorations (85.6% recall rate) were evaluated. At 18 months, 94 restorations (75.2% recall rate) were available for evaluation. The 6 mo/18 mo overall retention rates (%) were 100/90.9 for MP; 100/91.7 for SB; 100/90.9 for SE; and 96.4/92.3 for EB with no statistical difference between any pair of groups at each recall. Sensitivity to air decreased significantly for all adhesives from the preoperative to the postoperative stage and was stable thereafter. Interfacial staining did not change statistically from baseline to six months; however, interfacial staining at the enamel margins was statistically worse at 18 months than at baseline for the two self-etch adhesives EB and SE. Marginal adaptation was statistically worse at 18 months compared with baseline only for EB. This tendency was already significant at the six-month recall.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although 18-month retention was similar for the different adhesion strategies, enamel marginal deficiencies were more prevalent for the self-etch adhesives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. perdi001@umn.edu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perdigão
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dutra-Corrêa
authors.forename: C H C
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Saraceni
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ciaramicoli
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Kiyan
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Queiroz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003116:Color; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000145:classification; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000473:pathology; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; C084018:Scotchbond Multi-Purpose; C511238:Single Bond Plus; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate; C041330:Scotchbond