title: Maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy and fetal growth in Japan: the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study.
abstract: Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy is an important determinant of fetal growth. Although the effects of several nutrients and foods have been well examined, little is known about the relationship of overall maternal diet in pregnancy to fetal growth, particularly in non-Western populations. We prospectively examined the relationship of maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy to neonatal anthropometric measurements at birth and risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth among 803 Japanese women with live-born, singleton, term deliveries. Maternal diet in pregnancy was assessed using a validated, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns from thirty-three predefined food groups (g/4184 kJ) were extracted by cluster analysis. The following three dietary patterns were identified: the 'meat and eggs' (n 326), 'wheat products', with a relatively high intake of bread, confectioneries and soft drinks (n 303), and 'rice, fish and vegetables' (n 174) patterns. After adjustment for potential confounders, women in the 'wheat products' pattern had infants with the significantly lowest birth weight (P = 0·045) and head circumference (P = 0·036) among those in the three dietary patterns. Compared with women in the 'rice, fish and vegetables' pattern, women in the 'wheat products' pattern had higher odds of having a SGA infant for weight (multivariate OR 5·2, 95 % CI 1·1, 24·4), but this was not the case for birth length or head circumference. These results suggest that a diet high in bread, confectioneries, and soft drinks and low in fish and vegetables during pregnancy might be associated with a small birth weight and an increased risk of having a SGA infant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. okubo@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Hideharu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanzaki
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitada
authors.forename: Yorihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ishiko
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamasu
authors.forename: Jinsuke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakuda
authors.forename: Tokio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narimoto
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwasa
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Orino
authors.forename: Itsuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsunetoh
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iito
authors.forename: Takuzi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuribayashi
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004032:Diet; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D006257:Head / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007564:Japan; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires