title: Mineral-bone metabolism markers in young hemodialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the most frequent markers of mineral-bone metabolism in young hemodialysis (HD) patients in order to detect any metabolism changes that could lead to the atherosclerosis and extravascular calcification frequently observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and estimate their potential prognostic significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured serum levels of intact-PTH (iPTH), Osteoprotegerin (OPG), total soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (sRANKL), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP-5b), osteocalcin (Oc), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), calcium, phosphorus, 25(OH)D(3) and 1,25 (0H)(2)D(3) in young HD patients and controls
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison to controls, serum OPG, iPTH, BAP, phosphorus, and osteocalcin levels were higher whereas 25(OH)D(3) and 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) were lower in HD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, our results indicate that bone formation and resorption parameters are already altered in young HD subjects. These changes may lead to vascular calcifications and cardiovascular complications, given that elevated OPG levels predict cardiovascular events in HD patients. Furthermore, low levels of vitamin D metabolites have been associated with the presence of vascular calcification.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Vascular Surgery, Virgen de Luz Hospital, Cuenca, Spain.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.forename: Esperanza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Jesús M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Estrella
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Requena
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000097:blood; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D053245:RANK Ligand; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human; D015675:Osteocalcin; D010758:Phosphorus; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D002117:Calcitriol; D002112:Calcifediol; D002118:Calcium