title: Long-term outcome of high-intensity focused ultrasound in advanced pancreatic cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for advanced pancreatic cancer (PC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with PC TNM stage III or IV were included. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 2 weeks before and after the HIFU. The ablating tumor volume was calculated by ratio of the nonperfused necrotic area of the planned area on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image on post-HIFU magnetic resonance imaging. The ablation results were stratified into 4 ranges: 100% to 90% unenhanced area of targeting area, 90% to 50%, within 50%, and no change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-intensity focused ultrasound treatment was performed without severe adverse event in 46 patients, 49 times (male-female = 25:21; mean age, 60.7 ± 10.0; TNM stage 3-stage 4 = 18:28). Average size of the PC lesion was 4.2 ± 1.4 cm (1.6-9.3 cm). After HIFU treatment, ablating tumor volume was as follows: 90% to 100% in 38 lesions, 90% to 50% in 8, and within 50% in 3. Overall median survival (S1) from initial PC diagnosis was 12.4 months. Overall survival (S2) rates at 6, 12, and 18 months from HIFU were 52.2%, 30.4%, and 21.79%, respectively, with a median survival of 7.0 months
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-intensity focused ultrasound is safe and effective, which induced excellent local tumor control in most patients with advanced PC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, The Catholic University of Korea, #62, St Mary’s Hospital, Yeouido-dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, 150-713, Korea.chowhang@catholic.ac.kr
authors.forename: Hye Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Seung Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Se Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Joon-Yeol
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Sung Tai
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jin Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Kwang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Seung Kew
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Jin Mo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chi Wha
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Young Sok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D057086:High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056910:Republic of Korea; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome