title: Preventive effect of phytoglycoprotein (38 kDa) on expression of alpha-fetoprotein and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in diethylnitrosamine-treated ICR mice.
abstract: Metastasis is one of the major causes of cancer-associated mortality. Aberrant expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been implicated in the metastasis of various cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of a glycoprotein (38 kDa) isolated from Styrax japonica Siebold et al Zuccarini (SJSZ) on metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-treated imprinting control region (ICR) mice. To study the chemopreventive effect of SJSZ glycoprotein on the metastasis of HCC, ICR mice were injected intraperitoneally with DEN (75 mg/kg) for 11 weeks. Subsequently, we evaluated nitric oxide (NO), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), activator protein (AP)-1, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and interleukin (IL)-6 using biochemical reaction, immunoblot analysis, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Here, the results showed that SJSZ glycoprotein (10 mg/kg body weight) reduced the production of NO in DEN (75 mg/kg)-treated ICR mice. Also, it suppressed the activity of AFP, AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos), COX-2, iNOS, and MMP-9. Taken together, SJSZ glycoprotein inhibits the activity of MMP-9 as a metastasis factor.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Biotechnology Research Institute and Center for the Control of Animal Hazards Using Biotechnology (BK21), Chonnam National University, Gwang-ju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kye-Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000139:chemically induced; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D032362:Styrax / Q000737:chemistry; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D006023:Glycoproteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9