title: Clinical correlation between hypercalciuria and nocturnal enuresis.
abstract: Hypercalciuria may present with dysuria, urinary incontinence and nocturnal enuresis (NE). To determine the frequency of hypercalciuria in NE patients and normally continent children, we studied 122 consecutive pre- school children with NE referred to our nephrology clinic during two years, from September 2007 to August 2009. We measured the 24- hour urinary calcium. Furthermore, we compared the response to nasal desmopressin in hypercalciuric and normocalciuric patients. Hypercalciuria was found in 26 (21.3 %) of the NE patients as compared with five (4.5%) of 110 continent children [(P < 0.001), OR = 5.68 (95% CI, 2.1-15.4)]. In addition, the mean 24- hour urine calcium/body weight ratio (24h- U- Ca/Bw) was higher in NE patients, 3.04 ± 1.54 vs. 2.57 ± 0.9, respectively (P = 0.005). Wet nights per week in both NE patients with and without hypercalciuria at the first visit ranged from two to seven (median: 6 and 7, respectively), and the mean overall success rate of the nasal desmopressin therapy was 83.3% and 90%, respectively (P > 0.05). The response to desmopressin above 90% occurred within one month of therapy without a significant change in the levels of hypercalciuria. We conclude that these results suggest that hypercalciuria has a significant association with NE and does not interfere with the desmopressin therapy.
authors.affiliation: Jondishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. dr_ehsan_valavi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Valavi
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadzadeh
authors.forename: Nakisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hooman
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aminzadeh
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D050034:Antidiuretic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053565:Hypercalciuria / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D050034:Antidiuretic Agents; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin