title: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Maillard reaction products isolated from sugar-amino acid model systems.
abstract: We investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of both crude and ultrafiltrated Maillard reaction (MR) products (MRPs) derived from sugar-amino acid MR models, comprising fructose (Fru), glucose (Glu) or ribose (Rib) reacted with glycine (Gly) or lysine (Lys), respectively. Crude MRPs derived from Glu-Lys showed the greatest capacity (P < 0.05) to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) production in interferon γ and phorbol ester-induced Caco-2 cells. Moreover, one ultrafiltrated fraction (MW < 1 kDa) recovered from Glu-Lys exhibited the greatest (P < 0.05) affinity to inhibit NO. This effect also corresponded to an inhibition of both iNOS transcription and translation. The NO and IL-8 inhibitory activities of crude MRPs were positively correlated with intracellular oxidation inhibitory activity. In conclusion, we have demonstrated an anti-inflammatory capacity of MRPs in inflamed Caco-2 cells that is specific to low molecular weight (MW < 1 kDa) Glu-Lys MRPs.
authors.affiliation: Food, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: Xiu-Min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Kitts
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry; D005998:Glycine / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012266:Ribose / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002241:Carbohydrates; D016209:Interleukin-8; D005632:Fructose; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012266:Ribose; D005947:Glucose; D008239:Lysine; D005998:Glycine