title: Inhibition on HIV-1 integrase activity and nitric oxide production of compounds from Ficus glomerata.
abstract: An ethanol Ficus glomerata wood extract and its purified components were investigated for their HIV-1 integrase (IN) and nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activities. From bioassay-guided isolation, five compounds: beta-sitosterol-D-glucoside (1), aloe-emodin (2), genistein (3), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-8-methyl-anthraquinone (4) and 3-(1-C-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-2,6-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoic acid (5) were isolated. Among the tested samples, at concentrations of 100 microM; compound 2 showed 31.9% inhibition of HIV-1 IN, followed by 4 (19.5%), whereas other compounds were inactive. With regard to the inhibitory effect on NO production, 3 possessed the highest activity with an IC50 value of 27.5 microM, followed by 4 (IC50 = 34.7 microM) and 2 (IC50 = 41.8 microM), respectively. This is the first time that compounds 2-5 have been isolated from Ficus glomerata.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kingkan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bunluepuech
authors.forename: Teeratad
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sudsai
authors.forename: Chatchai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wattanapiromsakul
authors.forename: Supinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tewtrakul
mesh_terms: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030681:Ficus / Q000737:chemistry*; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019427:HIV Integrase; C514801:p31 integrase protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1