title: Local interleukin-10 production during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is associated with post-bronchiolitis wheeze.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. Following RSV bronchiolitis, 50% of children develop post-bronchiolitis wheeze (PBW). Animal studies have suggested that interleukin (IL)-10 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis and subsequent airway hyperresponsiveness. Previously, we showed that ex vivo monocyte IL-10 production is a predictor of PBW. Additionally, heterozygosity of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800872 in the IL10 promoter region was associated with protection against RSV bronchiolitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study aimed to determine the in vivo role of IL-10 in RSV pathogenesis and recurrent wheeze in a new cohort of 235 infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis. IL-10 levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were measured at the time of hospitalization and the IL10 SNP rs1800872 genotype was determined. Follow-up data were available for 185 children (79%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local IL-10 levels during RSV infection turned out to be higher in infants that later developed physician diagnosed PBW as compared to infants without PBW in the first year after RSV infection (958 vs 692 pg/ml, p = 0.02). The IL10 promoter SNP rs1800872 was not associated with IL-10 concentration in NPAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between high local IL-10 levels during the initial RSV infection and physician diagnosed PBW provides further evidence of the importance of the IL-10 response during RSV bronchiolitis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Health Protection Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Postbak 12 GBO, P.O.BOX 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annemieke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schuurhof
authors.forename: Riny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: Hanneke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: Hennie M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hodemaekers
authors.forename: Arja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Klerk
authors.forename: Jan Ll
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kimpen
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bont
mesh_terms: D001990:Bronchiolitis, Viral / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000276:immunology*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10