title: Inhibitory effect of plant-originated glycoprotein (27 kDa) on expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in cadmium chloride-induced BNL CL.2 cells.
abstract: Cadmium is very harmful to the environment and to human beings because of its long lifetime. The toxicity of cadmium as an industrial pollutant and a food contaminant, and as one of the major components in cigarette smoke is well known. Cadmium can cause a number of lesions in many organs, such as the kidney, the lung, the liver, the brain, the blood system. However, the mechanism of toxicity of cadmium is not yet clear. Also, it has been well known as human carcinogen which is indirectly caused inflammation-mediated hepatocarcinoma. In the present study it was demonstrated that glycoprotein (27 kDa) isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GJE) protects BNL CL.2 cells from expression of inflammation-related factors stimulated by cadmium chloride (10 μM). Intracellular ROS and intracellular Ca(2+) using fluorescence, activities of activator protein (AP)-1, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, and arachidonic acid (AA) using immunoblot analysis or radioactivity were evaluated. The results obtained from this experiment indicated that GJE glycoprotein (100 μg/mL) inhibits the production of intracellular ROS, and intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization. Also, it significantly suppressed inflammatory factors [expression of AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos), arachidonic acid, COX-2, and MMP-9]. Taken together, these findings suggest that GJE glycoprotein might be used for protection of inflammation caused by cadmium ion as one of natural compounds.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute & Center for the Control of Animal Hazards Using Biotechnology (BK21), Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-Dong, Gwang-ju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kye-Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D032062:Gardenia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D002118:Calcium