title: First case of transformation for breast fibroadenoma to high-grade malignant cystosarcoma in an in vitro fertilization patient.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the possible malignant transformation of fibroadenoma of the breast in patients undergoing an IVF cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assisted reproduction center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 41-year-old female patient undergoing assisted fertilization treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient underwent fine needle aspiration biopsy that confirmed fibroadenoma before the IVF attempt. She started a short stimulation protocol with triptorelin and recombinant FSH. After the first unsuccessful IVF attempt, she underwent a second short ovarian stimulation protocol with triptorelin and urinary FSH and she become pregnant. At 17 weeks, due to an increase in volume of the fibroadenoma, an excisional biopsy was performed that showed a malignant phyllode tumor. Then she underwent quadrantectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Malignant transformation of breast fibroadenoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytologic examination of the first fine needle aspiration biopsy specimen showed a fibroadenoma of the breast; excisional biopsy showed a high-grade malignant cystosarcoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibroadenoma was transformed into high-grade malignant cystosarcoma after ovarian stimulation in an IVF patient.
authors.affiliation: University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy. arypac@aliceposta.it
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacchiarotti
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frati
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caserta
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacchiarotti
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frega
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moscarini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000628:therapy*; D008408:Mastectomy; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003557:Phyllodes Tumor / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female