title: Head-only electrical stunning of poultry using a waterbath: a feasibility study.
abstract: 1. The objective of this work was to investigate the feasibility of head only waterbath stunning as a means of generating immediate and long lasting unconsciousness while preventing wing flapping and avoiding carcass damage. 2. EEG measurements showed that immersion of the heads of the broilers for one second in a waterbath containing water of conductivity 2 x 5 mS/cm and a 50 Hz electric field of 10 V/cm resulted in immediate unconsciousness, and that increasing the electric field strength extended the duration of unconsciousness. 3. The passage of a 25-30 mA alternating current of frequency 2000 Hz through the broilers' bodies suppressed the wing flapping that followed a stun. 4. When the body current and electric field were applied simultaneously, wing flapping was prevented and EEG signals were suppressed for over 30 seconds indicating that the immediate unconsciousness lasted long enough to facilitate humane slaughter.
authors.affiliation: Silsoe Livestock Systems, Wrest Park, Silsoe, Bedford, MK45 4HS. Jeff.Lines@SilsoeResearch.org.uk
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lines
authors.forename: A B M
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Wotton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Knowles
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004560:Electricity / Q000009:adverse effects; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000662:veterinary; D004597:Electroshock / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006257:Head / Q000502:physiology; D006113:United Kingdom; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water