title: Orthotopic expression of noggin protein in cancer cells inhibits human lung carcinoma growth in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We explored the effect of Noggin protein expression on tumor growth in vivo by using fluorescence imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human lung carcinoma MV522 cells were transduced by using bicistronic (EGFP/Nog) or a control (EGFP) lentivirus at >95% efficacy. The transduced cells were implanted in athymic mice either individually or after mixing with DsRed2-expressing MV522 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of Noggin protein was demonstrated in EGFP+/Nog+ but not in EGFP+ cell lysates and conditioned media. Noggin did not inhibit tumor cell proliferation in vitro. Implantation of EGFP+ resulted in rapid tumor growth, whereas mice implanted with EGFP+/Nog+ either failed to develop tumors or developed smaller slowly proliferating ones. In the case of tumors grown from mixtures with DsRed2+ cells, only Noggin-expressing cells resulted in decreased tumor volumes with low vascular density and poorly developed stroma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of Noggin protein expression is a consequence of inhibition of stromal and/or endothelial proliferation in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes, Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave North, Worcester, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Hye-Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bogdanov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002457:Cell Extracts; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D005453:Fluorescence; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D000099176:Noggin Protein
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002457:Cell Extracts; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000099176:Noggin Protein; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein