title: Integrative genomic, transcriptomic, and RNAi analysis indicates a potential oncogenic role for FAM110B in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) represents a therapeutic challenge for current medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in CRPC progression and to identify new therapeutic targets, we analyzed a unique sample set of 11 CRPCs and 7 advanced tumors by array-CGH and gene expression microarrays. The genome-wide DNA and RNA data were integrated to identify genes whose overexpression was driven by their amplification. To assess the functional role of these genes, their expression was analyzed in a transcriptional data set of 329 clinical prostate cancers and the corresponding gene products were silenced using RNA interference in prostate cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six recurrent genetic targets were identified in the CRPCs; ATP1B1, AR, FAM110B, LAS1L, MYC, and YIPF6. In addition to AR and MYC, FAM110B emerged as a potential key gene involved in CRPC progression in a subset of the tumors. FAM110B was able to regulate AR signaling in prostate cancer cells and FAM110B itself was regulated by androgens. FAM110B siRNA inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cells in vitro, and this effect was substantially enhanced in androgen deficient conditions. Ectopic FAM110B expression in non-cancerous epithelial prostate cells induced aneuploidy and impaired antigen presentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DNA/RNA gene outlier detection combined with siRNA cell proliferation assay identified FAM110B as a potential growth promoting key gene for CRPC. FAM110B appears to have a key role in the androgen signaling and progression of CRPC impacting multiple cancer hallmarks and therefore highlighting a potential therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vainio
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Edgren
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kohonen
authors.forename: John-Patrick
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mpindi
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Verhaegh
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schalken
authors.forename: Merja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perälä
authors.forename: Kristiina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iljin
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kallioniemi
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011467:Prostate / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics; D034622:RNA Interference; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000235:genetics; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; C503551:ATP1B1 protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C523018:FAM110B protein, human; C552426:Las1L protein, human; C489427:MYC protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase