title: Current immunotherapeutic approaches in pancreatic cancer.
abstract: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive and notoriously difficult to treat. As the vast majority of patients are diagnosed at advanced stage of the disease, only a small population is curative by surgical resection. Although gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is typically offered as standard of care, most patients do not survive longer than 6 months. Thus, new therapeutic approaches are needed. Pancreatic cancer cells that develop gemcitabine resistance would still be suitable targets for immunotherapy. Therefore, one promising treatment approach may be immunotherapy that is designed to target pancreatic-cancer-associated antigens. In this paper, we detail recent work in immunotherapy and the advances in concept of combination therapy of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. We offer our perspective on how to increase the clinical efficacy of immunotherapies for pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. shigeo_koido@jikei.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koido
authors.forename: Sadamu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Akitaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Namiki
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsukinaga
authors.forename: Jimi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitobe
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Odahara
authors.forename: Toyokazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yukawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsudaira
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagatsuma
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komita
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkusa
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tajiri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D004358:Drug Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000639:trends; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines