title: Intracellular bacteria can cause EAE in SJL mice or modify self-specific T cell repertoire.
abstract: Environment and genetic are both relevant in determining development of Multiple Sclerosis. Many epidemiological observations converge on indicating EBV infection and Vitamin D levels as major players among the environmental factors. Bacteria and bacterial products are however potent triggers of immune responses, and recent work from several laboratories indicates that the microbiota plays a prominent role in "priming" or protecting individuals for development of experimental autoimmune diseases. Here we report our recent work dealing with the role of non-pathogenic mycobacteria and their innate receptors in relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the SJL mouse and in mobilization of CNS-reactive T cells. We finally discuss how bacteria are likely involved in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis, expecially with regard to their role in driving the recurring acute episodes of disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, L.go F.Vito, 1, 00168 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nicolò
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Sante
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Migliara
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Valentini
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piermattei
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Delogu
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ria
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte