title: Endoscopy in aneurysm surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical clipping with complete occlusion of the aneurysm and preservation of parent, branching, and perforating vessels remains the most definitive treatment for intracranial aneurysms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the benefit of endoscopic application during microsurgical procedures in a retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighty aneurysms were microsurgically treated in 124 operations. Three different applications of endoscopic visualization were used, depending on the respective requirements: inspection before clipping, clipping under endoscopic view, and postclipping evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1380 aneurysms, 292 procedures were done with application of the endoscope. Of these 292, a complete data set, including video recording of the procedures for retrospective evaluation, was available in 180 cases. In these, the endoscope provided a favorable enhancement of the visual field, particularly in complex or deep-seated lesions. No adverse effects were observed. Before clipping, the endoscope was used to gain additional topographic information in 150 of 180 cases (83%). Clipping under endoscopic view was performed in 4 cases. After clipping, endoscopic inspection was performed in 130 of 180 procedures. Depending on the endoscopic findings, rearrangement of the applied clip or additional clipping was found to be necessary in 26 of 130 cases (20.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic enhancement of the visual field provided by the endoscope before, during, and after microsurgical aneurysm occlusion may be a safe and effective application to increase the quality of treatment. Although unexpected findings concerning completeness of aneurysm occlusion and compromise of involved vessels could be diminished by endoscopic assessment, total prevention was not accomplished.
authors.affiliation: Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universitaetsmedizin, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitaet, Mainz, Germany. gerrit.fischer@gmx.de
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oertel
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perneczky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044583:Neuroendoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult