title: Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis: causative organisms, management strategies, and visual acuity outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the causative organisms, management strategies, and visual outcomes in endogenous fungal endophthalmitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microbiologic and medical records were reviewed retrospectively for all patients with culture-positive endogenous fungal endophthalmitis between January 1, 1990, and July 1, 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study criteria were met in 65 eyes of 51 patients with mean follow-up of 18 months. Yeasts were the most common causative organism in 38 (75%) patients compared with molds in 13 (25%) patients. Retinal detachment occurred in 17 eyes (26%). Visual acuity of 20/200 or better was present in 28 (56%) eyes with yeasts and in 5 (33%) eyes with molds at the last follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Yeasts were the most common cause of culture-proven unilateral or bilateral endogenous fungal endophthalmitis. Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis generally is associated with poor visual acuity outcomes, especially when caused by molds. Retinal detachment is a frequent occurrence during follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Ahila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lingappan
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wykoff
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Albini
authors.forename: Darlene
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pathengay
authors.forename: Janet L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Harry W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Flynn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents