title: Clonal population of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains reside within multiple lung cavities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unsuccessful treatment outcomes among patients with multi-/extensively-drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) have hampered efforts involved in eradicating this disease. In order to better understand the etiology of this disease, we aimed to determine whether single or multiple strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are localized within lung cavities of patients suffering from chronic progressive TB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multiple cavity isolates from lung of 5 patients who had undergone pulmonary resection surgery were analyzed on the basis of their drug susceptibility profile, and genotyped by spoligotyping and 24-loci MIRU-VNTR. The patients past history including treatment was studied. Three of the 5 patients had extensive drug resistant TB. Heteroresistance was also reported within different cavity isolates of the lung. Both genotyping methods reported the presence of clonal population of MTB strain within different cavities of the each patient, even those reporting heteroresistance. Four of the 5 patients were infected with a population of the Beijing genotype. Post-surgery they were prescribed a drug regimen consisting of cycloserine, a fluoroquinolone and an injectable drug. A 6 month post-surgery follow-up reported only 2 patients with positive clinical outcome, showing sputum conversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Identical spoligotype patterns and MIRU-VNTR profiles between multiple cavities of each patient, characterize the presence of clonal population of MTB strains (and absence of multiple MTB infection).
authors.affiliation: P. D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mahim, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Viral
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vadwai
authors.forename: Gustad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daver
authors.forename: Zarir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Udwadia
authors.forename: Meeta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sadani
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000382:microbiology*