title: Effects of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement therapy on laryngeal tissue: a histopathological experimental animal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the histopathological effect of estrogen deficiency and hormone replacement treatment on laryngeal tissue in ovariectomized rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted at the animal experiment laboratory of Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six-month-old female Wistar albino rats were divided into the following 3 groups (n = 8 per group): sham-operated control, ovariectomized, and ovariectomized with estrogen replacement. Rats in the ovariectomized with estrogen replacement group received 17 β-estradiol valerate (200 µg/kg, subcutaneously) once a week. Animals were killed after 8 weeks of intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant changes were observed in the ovariectomized group when edema in lamina propria, inflammation in squamous, respiratory epithelia and lamina propria, pseudostratification, and cilia loss were assessed. Except cilia loss, there were no significant differences in the assessments between the sham-operated control and ovariectomized with estrogen replacement groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of histopathological evaluations, it was shown that estrogen replacement helped to improve laryngeal changes due to experimentally induced menopause.
authors.affiliation: Haydarpasşa Numune Research and Training Hospital, 1st Ear Nose and Throat Clinic, Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey. arzutatli@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tatlipinar
authors.forename: Pembegül
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Günes
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ozbeyli
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cimen
authors.forename: Tanju
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gökçeer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007820:Laryngeal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007830:Larynx / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014421:Turkey