title: CD4+CD25(high)CD127(low/-) Treg cell frequency from peripheral blood correlates with disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the frequency of peripheral blood (PB) regulatory T cells (Treg) correlates with the clinical disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  PB Treg cells, defined as the CD4+CD25(high)CD127(low/-) population, were examined by flow cytometry in 48 patients with RA, including 13 who had never received disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD), 19 with active disease who were receiving (n = 14) or had received (n = 5) DMARD, and 16 receiving DMARD whose disease was in remission. The clinical disease activity of the patients was defined by the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28). The association of DAS28, C-reactive protein (CRP), or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) with the frequency of PB Treg cells was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of PB Treg cells in patients with RA was significantly low compared with that of healthy controls (n = 14). Among the 3 populations of patients with RA, Treg cell frequency was lowest in patients with active RA. In contrast, the Treg cell frequency of patients with RA in remission was similar to that of healthy controls. Accordingly, the frequency of CD4+CD25(high)CD127(low/-) Treg cells negatively correlated with DAS28, CRP, and ESR in patients with RA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that Treg cells, defined as the CD4+CD25(high)CD127(low/-) population, may contribute to the pathogenesis of RA and be an indicator of disease activity.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Translational Medicine, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. shin-ya@hotmail.co.jp
authors.forename: Shin-Ya
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kawashiri
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Akitomo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamai
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Origuchi
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ida
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eguchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology*; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; C508017:IL2RA protein, human; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit