title: Friendships of children and adolescents with spina bifida: social adjustment, social performance, and social skills.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize dyadic and general friendships of youth with spina bifida (SB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Families of youth with SB recruited a peer to participate; 106 dyads participated. Youth with SB and peers completed questionnaires and interviews regarding characteristics of the dyadic friendship and each individual's general friendships.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Youth with SB and their peers were similar in many ways. However, youth with SB rated the friendship as closer and were more likely to see peers as best friends rather than the reverse. Regarding general friendships, youth with SB spent fewer days with friends, reported lower levels of companionship, security, and closeness in their friendships, and reported lower levels of emotional support from peers and family.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Youth with SB experience significant differences in the quality and reciprocation of friendships. Targeted interventions may assist youth in developing high quality friendships.
authors.affiliation: University of Rochester Medical Center, USA.
authors.forename: Katie A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Devine
authors.forename: Grayson N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Holmbeck
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gayes
authors.forename: Jason Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Purnell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D033062:Friends / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012919:Social Behavior; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires