title: Psychological status of Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes: data review of Diabcare-China studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the status of glycaemic control, self-reported adherence to treatments, psychological well-being and quality of life in Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes in 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects having registered for care for > 12 months at a diabetes clinic were enrolled in this study. Glycaemic control was determined by HbA(1c) and plasma glucose levels; information about self-reported adherence to treatments was obtained by questionnaire; psychological well-being was assessed by use of a modified World Health Organization-5 Well-being Index; and quality of life was measured by use of a modified Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes and Needs (DAWN) survey. All data were tabulated and statistical analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2702 patients were enrolled during 2006. Only 23% of patients achieved an HbA(1c) level of < 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) as per the 2007 China guideline for Type 2 diabetes and only 16.2% followed all treatment recommendations from healthcare providers. Of the patients, 46.0-68.6% of the patients showed positive psychological well-being. A quality-of-life survey showed that 28.5-50.6% of the patients experienced various diabetes-related emotional problems. Large percentages (approximately 50%) of patients were experiencing psychological insulin resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although in China therapies for Type 2 diabetes are more effective and available than ever before, the patient outcomes remain disappointing. Problems with glycaemic control, self-reported adherence to treatments, psychological well-being and quality of life, all of which are key to diabetes control, are common among Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. panchy301@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human