title: Genetic polymorphisms in host antiviral genes: associations with humoral and cellular immunity to measles vaccine.
abstract: Host antiviral genes are important regulators of antiviral immunity and plausible genetic determinants of immune response heterogeneity after vaccination. We genotyped and analyzed 307 common candidate tagSNPs from 12 antiviral genes in a cohort of 745 schoolchildren immunized with two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Associations between SNPs/haplotypes and measles virus-specific immune outcomes were assessed using linear regression methodologies in Caucasians and African-Americans. Genetic variants within the DDX58/RIG-I gene, including a coding polymorphism (rs3205166/Val800Val), were associated as single-SNPs (p≤0.017; although these SNPs did not remain significant after correction for false discovery rate/FDR) and in haplotype-level analysis, with measles-specific antibody variations in Caucasians (haplotype allele p-value=0.021; haplotype global p-value=0.076). Four DDX58 polymorphisms, in high LD, demonstrated also associations (after correction for FDR) with variations in both measles-specific IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion in Caucasians (p≤0.001, q=0.193). Two intronic OAS1 polymorphisms, including the functional OAS1 SNP rs10774671 (p=0.003), demonstrated evidence of association with a significant allele-dose-related increase in neutralizing antibody levels in African-Americans. Genotype and haplotype-level associations demonstrated the role of ADAR genetic variants, including a non-synonymous SNP (rs2229857/Arg384Lys; p=0.01), in regulating measles virus-specific IFN-γ Elispot responses in Caucasians (haplotype global p-value=0.017). After correction for FDR, 15 single-SNP associations (11 SNPs in Caucasians and 4 SNPs in African-Americans) still remained significant at the q-value<0.20. In conclusion, our findings strongly point to genetic variants/genes, involved in antiviral sensing and antiviral control, as critical determinants, differentially modulating the adaptive immune responses to live attenuated measles vaccine in Caucasians and African-Americans.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Iana H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Haralambieva
authors.forename: Inna G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Ovsyannikova
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Umlauf
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Vierkant
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shane Pankratz
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Poland
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000235:genetics; D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics; D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D008910:Minnesota; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022542:Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C475085:OAS1 protein, human; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase; C567955:ADARB1 protein, human; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; C452820:RIGI protein, human; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases