title: [Effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor and memantine on long-term prognosis in neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and memantine on the long-term prognosis in neonatal rats with ischemia-induced periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two 5-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham-operated, PVL, GDNF-treated and memantine-treated. PVL was induced by right carotid artery ligation and hypoxia in the PVL, GDNF-treated and memantine-treated groups. GDNF (100 μg/kg) or memantine (20 mg/kg) was injected in the two treatment groups immediately after PVL inducement. The weight of the rats was measured immediately before and after hypoxia ischemia (HI). Both of Morris water maze test and Rivlin inclined plane test were performed at 26 days old (21 days after HI). The values of the escape latency (EL) and swimming distance, and the maximum inclined plane degree which the rats could stand at least 5 seconds were compared among the four groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lower weight, the prolonged mean values of EL and swimming distance and the reduced maximum inclined plane degree were observed in the PVL group compared to those in the sham-operated, GDNF-treated and memantine-treated groups. There were no significant differences in the weight, the values of EI and swimming distance and the maximum inclined plane degree between the two treatment groups and the sham-operated group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The administration of either GDNF or memantine can markedly increase the abilities of spatial discrimination,learning and memory, and motor coordination, promote weight gain, and improve long-term prognosis in rats with PVL.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Juan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Long-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Ya-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Guan-Yi
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001835:Body Weight; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008559:Memantine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D008559:Memantine