title: Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii in the United States.
abstract: Acinetobacter baumannii is emerging as an important nosocomial pathogen worldwide. We report molecular epidemiology of 65 carbapenem-nonsusceptible A. baumannii isolates identified from hospitals in New York, Pennsylvania, Florida, Missouri, Nevada, and California between 2008 and 2009. All isolates were subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Select isolates then underwent multilocus sequence typing (MLST). While the PFGE patterns tended to cluster within each hospital, sequence types (STs) belonging to the clonal complex 92 (CC92) and the pan-European clonal lineage II (EUII; worldwide clonal lineage 2) were predominant in all hospitals. Of them, ST122 and ST208 were the most common and were found in four of the six hospitals. Isolates belonging to the pan-European clonal lineages I and III were identified in one hospital each. Carbapenemase-encoding genes bla(OXA-23) and/or ISAba1-bla(OXA-51-like) were present among the majority of isolates. These findings suggest that carbapenem-nonsusceptible A. baumannii isolates found in U.S. hospitals constitute part of the global epidemic driven by CC92, but have unique STs other than ST92, which may be spreading by means of patient transfer between health care facilities within the United States.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Adams-Haduch
authors.forename: Ezenwa O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Onuoha
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bogdanovich
authors.forename: Guo-Bao
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marschall
authors.forename: Carl M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: Brad J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Spellberg
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Diane C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Halstead
authors.forename: Anthony W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Pasculle
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Doi
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D058889:Molecular Typing; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015780:Carbapenems