title: Nutritional needs of premature infants.
abstract: Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Many innovation in neonatology have raised survival rates in the two past decades, but despite progress in neonatal intensive care, nutrition and growth of preterm infants are still critical points for neonatologists around the world and extrauterine growth restriction remains a common problem. Since growth is recognized as a major problem, in 2010, the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition published recommendations on enteral nutrition for preterm infants. The aim of this review is to revise nutritional needs of premature infants, taking into consideration the recommendations of ESPGHAN and the recent international literature.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Immunology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. elisacivardi@libero.it
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Civardi
authors.forename: Chryssoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tzialla
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garofoli
authors.forename: Iolanda
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bollani
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stronati
mesh_terms: D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007225:Infant Food; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000592:standards; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D009751:Nutritional Requirements