title: Structural characterization and physical properties of P2O5-CaO-Na2O-TiO2 glasses by Fourier transform infrared, Raman and solid-state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies.
abstract: Phosphate-based glasses have been investigated for tissue engineering applications. This study details the properties and structural characterization of titanium ultra-phosphate glasses in the 55(P(2)O(5))-30(CaO)-(25-x)(Na(2)O)-x(TiO(2)) (0≤x≤5) system, which have been prepared via melt-quenching techniques. Structural characterization was achieved by a combination of X-ray diffraction (XRD), and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. Physical properties were also investigated using density, degradation and ion release studies; additionally, differential thermal analysis was used for thermal analysis of these glasses. The results show that with the addition of TiO(2) the density and glass transition temperature increased whereas the degradation and ion release properties are decreased. From XRD data, TiP(2)O(7) and CaP(2)O(6) were detected in 3 and 5 mol.% TiO(2)-containing glasses. Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance results confirmed that as TiO(2) is incorporated into the glass; the amount of Q(3) increases as the amount of Q(2) consequently decreases, indicating increasing polymerization of the phosphate network. Spectroscopy results also showed that the local structure of glasses changes with increasing TiO(2) content. As TiO(2) is incorporated into the glass, the phosphate connectivity increases, indicating that the addition of TiO(2) content correlates unequivocally with an increase in glass stability.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
authors.forename: Azadeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiani
authors.forename: John V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: Scott P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Rees
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roohpour
authors.forename: Vehid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salih
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Knowles
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C118163:sodium oxide-calcium oxide-diphosphorus pentoxide glass; C036532:titanium phosphate; D014025:Titanium