title: Fermions in 3D optical lattices: cooling protocol to obtain antiferromagnetism.
abstract: A major challenge in realizing antiferromagnetic and superfluid phases in optical lattices is the ability to cool fermions. We determine the equation of state for the 3D repulsive Fermi-Hubbard model as a function of the chemical potential, temperature, and repulsion using unbiased determinantal quantum Monte Carlo methods, and we then use the local density approximation to model a harmonic trap. We show that increasing repulsion leads to cooling but only in a trap, due to the redistribution of entropy from the center to the metallic wings. Thus, even when the average entropy per particle is larger than that required for antiferromagnetism in the homogeneous system, the trap enables the formation of an antiferromagnetic Mott phase.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cx.P. 68.528, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thereza
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Yen Lee
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.forename: Mohit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Randeria
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Scalettar
authors.forename: Nandini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Trivedi