title: Molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from children with adenoid hypertrophy: emergence of new spa types t7685 and t7692.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adenoids have been associated with the pathogenesis of acute, recurrent and chronic infectious diseases of the upper respiratory system and their hypertrophy is one of the most common causes of upper airway obstruction affecting children. In this study, the characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from patients who had undergone adenoidectomy were investigated via spa typing method.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 113 children with adenoid hypertrophy who underwent adenoidectomy during September 2009 to November 2010, were included in the study. The isolates were identified to the species level as S. aureus using standard biochemical methods, following which the amplification and sequencing of the spa gene X region were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S. aureus was found in the adenoid tissue of 26 (23%) patients. Out of the 26 S. aureus isolates, 5 (19%), 3 (11.5%) and 3 (11.5%) were resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin and oxacillin respectively. All the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, rifampin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, mupirocin and quinupristin-dalfopristin and were typed using spa typing method. All the isolates were found to include 21 spa types, including two previously unreported types (t7685 and t7692). The most prevalent spa types were t7685 (11.5%), t230 (8%), t325 (8%) and t1149 (8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that the prevalence rate of S. aureus in the adenoid tissue of the children assessed was 23%. An interesting point to note was the dominance of the spa type t7685 that has not been previously reported by other studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. emaneini@tums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emaneini
authors.forename: Seyed Sajjad
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Khoramrooz
authors.forename: Morovat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taherikalani
authors.forename: Fereshteh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jabalameli
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aligholi
mesh_terms: D000233:Adenoidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D000234:Adenoids / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial