title: Angular spectrum calculations for arbitrary focal length with a scaled convolution.
abstract: Nyquist sampling theorem in an image calculation with angular spectrum method restricts a propagation distance and a focal length of a lens. In order to avoid these restrictions, we studied suitable expressions for the image computations depending on their conditions. Additionally, a lateral scale in an observation plane can be magnified freely by using a scaled convolution in each expression.
authors.affiliation: Core Technology Center, Nikon Corporation, Nishi-ohi 1-6-3, Shinagawa, Tokyo 140-8601, Japan. odate.satoru@nikonoa.net
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Odate
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Hidemitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toba
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugisaki
authors.forename: Katsura
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otaki
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchikawa