title: Development of a highly sensitive immunochromatographic detection kit for H5 influenza virus hemagglutinin using silver amplification.
abstract: H5N1, a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV), has become a serious epizootic threat to the poultry population in Asia. In addition, significant numbers of human cases of HPAIV infection have been reported to date. To prevent the spread of HPAIV among humans and to allow for timely medical intervention, a rapid and high sensitive method is needed to detect and subtype the causative HPAIVs. In the present study, a silver amplification technique used in photographic development was combined with immunochromatography technologies and a highly sensitive and rapid diagnostic test to detect the hemagglutinin of H5 influenza viruses was developed. The sensitivity of the test kit was increased 500 times by silver amplification. The sensitivity of the method was more than 10 times higher than those of conventional rapid influenza diagnostic tests, which detect viral nucleoproteins. The diagnostic system developed in the present study can therefore provide rapid and highly sensitive results and will be useful for diagnosis of H5 HPAIV infection in humans and animals.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical & Healthcare Research Laboratories, Research & Development Management Headquarters, Fujifilm Corporation, 577 Ushijima, Kaisei-machi, Ashigarakami-gun, Kanagawa 258-8577, Japan. atsuhiko_wada@fujifilm.co.jp
authors.forename: Atsuhiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakoda
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyamada
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods*; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D011200:Poultry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012834:Silver / Q000378:metabolism*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; C109963:hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus; D012834:Silver