title: Late effects of renal transplantation on endothelial functions and cardiac morphology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endothelial dysfunction is common in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD), and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are higher in these patients. In this study, we evaluated the late posttransplantation effects of cyclosporine and tacrolimus on endothelial function, inflammation, and cardiac architecture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 12 patients undergoing hemodialysis (group 1); 22 renal transplant recipients, of which 13 were receiving cyclosporine therapy (group 2) and 9 were receiving tacrolimus therapy (group 3); and 12 healthy control individuals (group 4). Kidney recipients were included if the transplantation procedure had been performed at least 1 year before the study. Asymmetric dimethylarginine, C-reactive protein, carotid intima-media thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular muscle mass index, flow-mediated dilation, and nitroglycerine-induced dilation of the brachial artery were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum asymmetric dimethylarginine, C-reactive protein, carotid intima-media thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, interventricular septal thickness, and left ventricular muscle mass index values were significantly higher in patients undergoing HD than in the other 3 groups (P < .05), whereas percent change in flow-mediated dilation and nitroglycerine-induced dilation of the brachial artery was significantly lower (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients undergoing HD demonstrate endothelial dysfunction. In the late posttransplantation period, kidney recipients seem to have similar endothelial function and cardiac architecture as in the healthy population. This result may explain the reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after transplantation in patients undergoing HD. Tacrolimus and cyclosporine have similar effects on endothelial function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozkurt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Degirmenci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Temiz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Musmul
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Birdane
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tekin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akyuz
authors.forename: A U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Yalcin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D016572:Cyclosporine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D001120:Arginine; D016559:Tacrolimus