title: Thiol regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and innate immunity: protein S-thiolation as a novel molecular mechanism.
abstract: Inflammation or inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress have often been associated, and thiol antioxidants, particularly glutathione, have often been seen as possible anti-inflammatory mediators. However, whereas several cytokine inhibitors have been approved for drug use in chronic inflammatory diseases, this has not happened with antioxidant molecules. We outline the complexity of the role of protein thiol-disulfide oxidoreduction in the regulation of immunity and inflammation, the underlying molecular mechanisms (such as protein glutathionylation) and the key enzyme players such as Trx (thioredoxin) or Grx (glutaredoxin).
authors.affiliation: Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RY, UK.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coppo
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghezzi
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D054477:Glutaredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D054477:Glutaredoxins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013879:Thioredoxins; D005978:Glutathione