title: Contrast-enhanced multiple-phase imaging features in hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate and review the contrast-enhanced multiple-phase computed tomography (CEMP CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with pathologically confirmed hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Findings from imaging examinations in 8 patients (5 women and 3 men) with pathologically confirmed HEHE were retrospectively reviewed (CT images obtained from 7 patients and MR images obtained from 6 patients). The age of presentation varied from 27 years to 60 years (average age 39.8 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were two types of HEHE: multifocal type (n = 7) and diffuse type (n = 1). In the multifocal-type cases, there were 74 lesions on CT and 28 lesions on MRI with 7 lesions found with diffusion weighted imaging; 18 (24.3%) of 74 lesions on plain CT and 26 (92.9%) of 28 lesions on pre-contrast MRI showed the target sign. On CEMP CT, 28 (37.8%) of 74 lesions appeared with the target sign and a progressive-enhancement rim and 9 (12.2%) of 74 lesions displayed progressive enhancement, maintaining a state of persistent enhancement. On CEMP MRI, 27 (96.4%) of 28 lesions appeared with the target sign with a progressive-enhancement rim and 28 (100%) of 28 lesions displayed progressive-enhancement, maintaining a state of persistent enhancement. In the diffuse-type cases, an enlarged liver was observed with a large nodule appearing with persistent enhancement on CEMP CT and MRI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most important imaging features of HEHE are the target sign and/or progressive enhancement with persistent enhancement on CEMP CT and MRI. MRI is advantageous over CT in displaying these imaging features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ri-Sheng
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ling-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Ding-Yao
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yan-Bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yan-Biao
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018323:Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media