title: Functional MRI mapping of category-speciﬁc sites associated with naming of famous faces, animals and man-made objects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Category-speciﬁc recognition and naming deﬁcits have been observed in a variety of patient populations. However, the category-specific cortices for naming famous faces, animals and man-made objects remain controversial. The present study aimed to study the specific areas involved in naming pictures of these 3 categories using functional magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional images were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping and the 3 different contrasts were evaluated using t statistics by comparing the naming tasks to their baselines. The contrast images were entered into a random-effects group level analysis. The results were reported in Montreal Neurological Institute coordinates, and anatomical regions were identified using an automated anatomical labeling method with XJview 8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Naming famous faces caused more activation in the bilateral head of the hippocampus and amygdala with significant left dominance. Bilateral activation of pars triangularis and pars opercularis in the naming of famous faces was also revealed. Naming animals evoked greater responses in the left supplementary motor area, while naming man-made objects evoked more in the left premotor area, left pars orbitalis and right supplementary motor area. The extent of bilateral fusiform gyri activation by naming man-made objects was much larger than that by naming of famous faces or animals. Even in the overlapping sites of activation, some differences among the categories were found for activation in the fusiform gyri.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cortices involved in the naming process vary with the naming of famous faces, animals and man-made objects. This finding suggests that different categories of pictures should be used during intra-operative language mapping to generate a broader map of language function, in order to minimize the incidence of false-negative stimulation and permanent post-operative deficits.
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgical Department of Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China.
authors.forename: Hong-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Wei-Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tian-Dong
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D002965:Classification; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult