title: [HPV-associated squamous cell carcinogenesis].
abstract: About 7-8% of all human cancers are thought to be related to infections with high-risk (HR) human papilloma virus (HPV). Besides cervical cancer, especially squamous cell carcinomas of the anogenital and oropharyngeal regions are associated with HR-HPV. Transmission of HPV is due to sexual activity. Harald zur Hausen was awarded in 2008 with the Nobel price in medicine for the establishment of a causal link between certain HPV infections and cervical cancer. Meanwhile potent prophylactic vaccines are available to prevent infections with HPV-16 and HPV-18, the two most frequently observed HR HPV types worldwide. On molecular grounds a persistent HPV infection is the central risk factor for the development of HPV-associated neoplasias. Continued expression of the viral E6 and E7 oncogenes disrupts cell cycle control mechanisms in infected cells, thereby gaining limitless proliferative capacity and resistance against apoptotic signals. However acquisition of mutations and genomic instability might cause malignant transformation in these cells.
authors.affiliation: Pathologisches Institut, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Thalkirchner Straße 36, 80337, München, Deutschland.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Assmann
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sotlar
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000473:pathology; D005834:Genital Neoplasms, Male / Q000473:pathology; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000473:pathology; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C068651:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16; C052603:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 18; C052633:E7 protein, Human papillomavirus type 18; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D050725:Papillomavirus E7 Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C059731:oncogene protein E7, Human papillomavirus type 16