title: Interferon-induced tetherin restricts vesicular stomatitis virus release in neurons.
abstract: Tetherin, a recently identified interferon (IFN)-inducible, type 2 transmembrane protein, has been shown to be a cellular antiviral restriction factor that retains newly formed virions in infected cells. Thus, tetherin plays an important role in the innate cell-autonomous immune response. The aim of this study was to examine the antiviral activities of tetherin in vesicular stomatitis virus infections of murine neuronal cells. Both IFN-β and IFN-γ induce the expression of tetherin mRNA and protein. Tetherin knockdown experiments were carried out by transfection of tethrin shRNA into murine neuroblastoma cells using a vector containing the pCMV-driven tGFP gene. The efficiency of transfection was monitored through GFP expression by the transfected cells. Selected transfected cells were used for further mRNA and protein analysis, fluorescent immunocytolocalization, and viral infection to study the impact of tetherin knockdown. Our research indicates that tetherin is expressed on the outer face of the plasma membrane of murine neuroblastoma cells, its expression can be induced with both IFN-γ and IFN-β, and tetherin restricts progeny virus release up to 100-fold in mammalian neurons, thus contributing to a potent antiviral state within the host cell.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, New York University, New York, New York, USA. ss5196@nyu.edu
authors.forename: Sreeja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarojini
authors.forename: Thana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Theofanis
authors.forename: Carol Shoshkes
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Reiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D048430:Cell Shape; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007739:L Cells; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D016899:Interferon-beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C513868:BST2 protein, mouse; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2