title: AMP-activated protein kinase: an energy sensor that regulates all aspects of cell function.
abstract: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of energy status that maintains cellular energy homeostasis. It arose very early during eukaryotic evolution, and its ancestral role may have been in the response to starvation. Recent work shows that the kinase is activated by increases not only in AMP, but also in ADP. Although best known for its effects on metabolism, AMPK has many other functions, including regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and disposal, autophagy, cell polarity, and cell growth and proliferation. Both tumor cells and viruses establish mechanisms to down-regulate AMPK, allowing them to escape its restraining influences on growth.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, College of Life Science, University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom. d.g.hardie@dundee.ac.uk
authors.forename: D Grahame
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hardie
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016764:Cell Polarity; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002477:Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases