title: Migration of natural estrogens around a concentrated dairy-feeding operation.
abstract: Concentrated animal feeding operations have been recognized as one of the most important contributors of natural estrogens which show significant endocrine-disrupting properties in aquatic environments. In this study, the concentrations of 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), 17β-estradiol (17β-E2), estrone (E1), and estriol (E3) in several matrices, including soils (surface and deep), sediments (surface and deep), and groundwaters, around a typical dairy farm were surveyed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Of the two farmlands, surface and subsurface sediments in waste lagoon and along effluent drainage drench, the concentrations of 17α-E2, 17β-E2, and E1 ranged from below detection limit to the highest level of 6.60 μg/kg, except that E3 was not detectable. Three estrogens of 17α-E2, 17β-E2, and E1 with the concentrations of 3.18-31.61 ng/L were observed in two groundwater samples. The results clearly demonstrated the vertical migration and horizontal transport of estrogens in the investigated area. Within 750-m distance, it was observed the attenuation of 17α-E2, 17β-E2, and E1 along the effluent route and the horizontal migration of estrogens was less than 1,350 m in this survey.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, People's Republic of China. liyxbnu@bnu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Yan-Xia
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Cheng-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Xiao-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Feng-Song
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D003612:Dairying; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis; D004964:Estriol / Q000032:analysis; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis*; D004970:Estrone / Q000032:analysis; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D004967:Estrogens; D012987:Soil; D004970:Estrone; D004958:Estradiol; D004964:Estriol