title: Repeated amygdala-kindled seizures induce ictal rebound tachycardia in rats.
abstract: It is thought that cardiovascular changes may contribute to sudden death in patients with epilepsy. To examine cardiovascular alterations that occur during epileptogenesis, we measured the heart rate of rats submitted to the electrical amygdala kindling model. Heart rate was recorded before, during, and after the induced seizures. Resting heart rate was increased in stages 1, 3, and 5 as compared with the unstimulated control condition. In the initial one third of the seizures, we observed bradycardia, which increased in intensity with increasing stage and was blocked by injecting methyl atropine. During stage 5 seizures, a rebound tachycardia was observed that also increased in intensity with increasing number of seizures. This study demonstrated the influence of seizure frequency on cardiac autonomic modulation, providing a basis for discussion of potential mechanisms that cause patients with epilepsy to die suddenly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology/Neuroscience, Experimental Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Aline P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Pansani
authors.forename: Diego B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Colugnati
authors.forename: Guus H M
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Schoorlemmer
authors.forename: Eliza Y F
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.forename: Esper A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Cavalheiro
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Arida
authors.forename: Fulvio A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Scorza
authors.forename: Sergio L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Cravo
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001286:Atropine Derivatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012640:Seizures / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D001286:Atropine Derivatives; D010276:Parasympatholytics; C006649:methylatropine