title: Nematicidal and antifungal activities of annonaceous acetogenins from Annona squamosa against various plant pathogens.
abstract: The methanol extract of Annona squamosa seeds was highly active against two phytoparasitic nematodes, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Meloidogyne incognita. It efficiently suppressed plant diseases, caused by Phytophthora infestans and Puccinia recondita. Ten annonaceous acetogenins (AAs) were isolated, and their chemical structures were identified by mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. Out of 10 substances, eight displayed strong in vitro nematicidal activity against B. xylophilus with LD(50) values ranging 0.006 to 0.048 μg/mL. Squamocin-G showed potent nematicidal activity against M. incognita. Squamocin, squamocin-G, and squamostatin-A also displayed potent in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities against P. infestans causing tomato late blight. In addition, squamostatin-A effectively controlled the development of wheat leaf rust caused by P. recondita. Our findings suggested that A. squamosa seeds and its bioactive AAs can be an alternative resource of a promising botanical nematicide and fungicide to control various plant diseases.
authors.affiliation: Green Chemistry Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-Gu, P.O. Box 107, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Quang Le
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.forename: Won Ki
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Cuong Mai
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Yong Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Gyung Ja
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyoung Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Myung Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chi Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ngoc Hoang
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Luu
authors.forename: Jin-Cheol
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D054378:Acetogenins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D054378:Acetogenins; D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D010936:Plant Extracts