title: New insights into the Ca2+-ATPases that contribute to cadmium tolerance in yeast.
abstract: Cadmium (Cd(2+)) is a toxic heavy metal which triggers several toxic effects in eukaryotes, including neurotoxicity and impaired calcium metabolism. In the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the best characterized pathway for Cd(2+) detoxification involves conjugation with glutathione (GSH) and subsequent transport to vacuoles by Ycf1p, an ATPase homologous to human MRP1 (Multidrug resistance associated protein 1). However, Cd(2+) tolerance also can be mediated by Pmr1p, a Ca(2+) pump located in the Golgi membrane, possibly through to the secretory pathway. Herein, we showed that inactivation of the PMR1 gene, alone or simultaneously with YCF1, delayed initial Cd(2+) capture compared to wild-type (WT) cells. In addition, Cd(2+) treatment altered the expression profile of yeast internal Ca(2+) transporters; specifically, PMC1 gene expression is induced substantially by the metal in WT cells, and this induction is stronger in mutants lacking YCF1. Taken together, these results indicate that, in addition to Pmr1p, the vacuolar Ca(2+)-ATPase Pmc1p also helps yeast cells cope with Cd(2+) toxicity. We propose a model where Pmc1p and Pmr1p Ca(2+)-ATPase function in cooperation with Ycf1p to promote Cd(2+) detoxification.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), Erechim, RS, Brazil. albanin@gmail.com
authors.forename: Albanin Aparecida
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mielniczki-Pereira
authors.forename: Ana Bárbara Barth
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bonatto
authors.forename: Cristiano Jorge
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Riger
authors.forename: Elis Cristina Araujo
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Eleutherio
authors.forename: João Antonio Pêgas
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Henriques
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C101767:SSC1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C089179:YCF1 protein, S cerevisiae; D002104:Cadmium; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D005978:Glutathione; D002118:Calcium