title: Influence of enzymatic hydrolysis on the allergenicity of roasted peanut protein extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peanut allergy is recognized as one of the most severe food allergies. Some studies have investigated the effects of enzymatic treatments on the in vitro immunological reactivity of members of the Leguminosae family, such as the soybean, chickpea and lentil. Nevertheless, there are only a few studies carried out with sera from patients with a well-documented allergy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Roasted peanut protein extract was hydrolyzed by the sequential and individual action of 2 food-grade enzymes, an endoprotease (Alcalase) and an exoprotease (Flavourzyme). Immunoreactivity to roasted peanut extract and hydrolyzed samples was evaluated by means of IgE immunoblot, ELISA and 2-dimensional electrophoresis using sera from 5 patients with a clinical allergy to peanuts and anti-Ara h 1, anti-Ara h 2 and anti-Ara h 3 immunoblots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoblot and ELISA assays showed an important decrease of IgE reactivity and Ara h 1, Ara h 2 and Ara h 3 levels in the first 30 min of hydrolyzation with Alcalase. In contrast, individual treatment with Flavourzyme caused an increase in IgE reactivity detected by ELISA at 30 min and led to a 65% inhibition of IgE reactivity at the end of the assay (300 min). Ara h 1 and the basic subunit of Ara h 3 were still recognized after treatment with Flavourzyme for 300 min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydrolysis with the endoprotease Alcalase decreases IgE reactivity in the soluble protein fraction of roasted peanut better than hydrolysis with the exoprotease Flavourzyme.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Alergia, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Avenida de Córdoba s/n, Madrid, Spain. bcabanillas.hdoc@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cabanillas
authors.forename: Mercedes M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muzquiz
authors.forename: Soheila J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Maleki
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuadrado
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burbano
authors.forename: Jesús F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Crespo
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010367:Arachis / Q000276:immunology*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D021183:Peanut Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D013381:Subtilisins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D010450:Endopeptidases; C412470:flavourzyme; D013381:Subtilisins