title: Flavonoid production in transgenic hop (Humulus lupulus L.) altered by PAP1/MYB75 from Arabidopsis thaliana L.
abstract: Hop is an important source of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids. Some of these are pharmacologically active. Nevertheless, the concentration of some classes as flavonoids in wild-type plants is rather low. To enhance the production in hop, it would be interesting to modify the regulation of genes in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. For this purpose, the regulatory factor PAP1/AtMYB75 from Arabidopsis thaliana L. was introduced into hop plants cv. Tettnanger by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. Twenty kanamycin-resistant transgenic plants were obtained. It was shown that PAP1/AtMYB75 was stably incorporated and expressed in the hop genome. In comparison to the wild-type plants, the color of female flowers and cones of transgenic plants was reddish to pink. Chemical analysis revealed higher levels of anthocyanins, rutin, isoquercitin, kaempferol-glucoside, kaempferol-glucoside-malonate, desmethylxanthohumol, xanthohumol, α-acids and β-acids in transgenic plants compared to wild-type plants.
authors.affiliation: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gatica-Arias
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Farag
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stanke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matoušek
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wessjohann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003116:Color; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D035264:Flowers / Q000502:physiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D027582:Humulus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007612:Kanamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007613:Kanamycin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000378:metabolism; D011427:Propiophenones / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D005419:Flavonoids; D007612:Kanamycin; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D011427:Propiophenones; D014157:Transcription Factors; C502612:AT1G56650 protein, Arabidopsis; C000612141:REG3A protein, human; C104536:xanthohumol