title: Significant variation of traditional markers of liver injury after a half-marathon run.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While the promotion of health-related fitness is thereby widespread, less focus is currently being given on the biological influence that physical activity might exert on results of laboratory testing. As such, this study was undertaken to assess the kinetics of liver injury markers following physical exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total and direct bilirubin as well as the activity of biochemical markers of liver injury including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and creatine kinase (CK), were measured before and after a half-marathon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant increases occurred for GGT, AST, LDH, CK, total and direct bilirubin immediately after the run. AST, LDH, CK, total and direct bilirubin were still increased 24h thereafter, whereas GGT decreased after 6h. None of the athletes exceed the upper reference limit for ALT, ALP and GGT, whereas significant variations were instead observed for LDH, AST, CK, total and direct bilirubin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, the results of our prospective investigation clearly attest that an acute bulk of aerobic physical exercise, such as a half-marathon, might produce significant changes in the activity of traditional biomarkers of liver injury, which should be carefully considered when investigating physically active individuals undergoing laboratory testing.
authors.affiliation: U.O. di Diagnostica Ematochimica, Dipartimento di Patologia e Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Italy. glippi@ao.pr.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lippi
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schena
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montagnana
authors.forename: Gian Luca
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Salvagno
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Banfi
authors.forename: Gian Cesare
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Guidi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000097:blood; D010807:Physical Endurance; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009211:Myoglobin; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D001663:Bilirubin