title: Experimental analysis of lateral impact on planar brittle material: spatial properties of cracks.
abstract: The breakup of alkaline glass and alumina plates due to planar impacts on one of their lateral sides is studied. Particular attention is given to investigating the spatial location of the cracks within the plates. Analysis based on a phenomenological model suggests that bifurcations along the cracks' paths are more likely to take place closer to the impact region than far away from it, i.e., the bifurcation probability seems to lower as the perpendicular distance from the impacted lateral increases. It is also found that many observables are not sensitive to the plate material used in this work, as long as the fragment multiplicities corresponding to the fragmentation of the plates are similar. This gives support to the universal properties of the fragmentation process reported in previous experiments. However, even under the just mentioned circumstances, some spatial observables are capable of distinguishing the material of which the plates are made, which therefore suggests that this universality should be carefully investigated.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Cidade Universitária, Caixa Postal 68528, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. filipepms@gmail.com
authors.forename: F P M
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Donangelo
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Souza