title: Treatment manuals: use in the treatment of bulimia nervosa.
abstract: As psychology has moved toward emphasizing evidence-based practice, use of treatment manuals has extended from research trials into clinical practice. Minimal research has directly evaluated use of manuals in clinical practice. This survey of international eating disorder professionals examined use of manuals with 259 clinicians' most recent client with bulimia nervosa. Although evidence-based manuals for bulimia nervosa exist, only 35.9% of clinicians reported using a manual. Clinicians were more likely to use a manual if they were younger; were treating an adult client; were clinical psychologists; were involved in research related to eating disorders; and endorsed a cognitive-behavioral orientation. Clinicians were less likely to use a manual if they provided eclectic psychotherapy that incorporated multiple psychotherapeutic approaches. We conclude that psychotherapy provided in clinical practice often does not align with the specific form validated in research trials, and "eclecticism" is at odds with efforts to disseminate manuals into clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada. lmwallac@ucalgary.ca
authors.forename: Laurel M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Kristin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: von Ranson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000628:therapy*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008370:Manuals as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*