title: [Most anaesthetics can be used without damaging effects of the breastfed child].
abstract: Breastfeeding women who undergo general anaesthesia often receive conflicting recommendations regarding the need to discard their milk before resumption of breastfeeding. This narrative review describes the sparse evidence to support the current practice of discarding milk as advocated by many physicians. However, individual drugs such as diazepam, morphine, codeine and pethidine should be avoided when possible and otherwise only be administered as single doses with observation of the child. There is an urgent need for high-quality research before sufficient light can be shed on this topic.
authors.affiliation: Anæstesiafdeling 4013, Juliane Marie Centret, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 København Ø, Denmark. mlefort@gmail.com
authors.forename: Michèle Lefort
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sønderskov
authors.forename: Charlotte Krebs
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Albrechtsen
authors.forename: Anders Bastholm
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Bille
authors.forename: Steen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Henneberg
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afshari
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018681:Anesthetics, General / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001942:Breast Feeding; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D018681:Anesthetics, General; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents