title: Natural surfactant combined with beclomethasone decreases lung inflammation in the preterm lamb.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Natural surfactant combined with beclomethasone decreases pulmonary oxidative stress in preterm lambs with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that this occurs through a decrease in pulmonary inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preterm lambs received 200 mg/kg of natural surfactant or 200 mg/kg of natural surfactant combined with 400 or 800 μg/kg of beclomethasone. Interleukin 8 (IL-8) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) were assayed in bronchial aspirate samples and lung mechanics were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-8 increased in all the groups, but the increase was lower in the groups treated with surfactant plus 400 and 800 μg/kg of beclomethasone. MIF decreased in the surfactant group, did not vary in the surfactant plus 400 μg/kg beclomethasone group, and decreased in the surfactant plus 800 μg/kg beclomethasone group. MIF concentration was higher in the surfactant plus 800 μg/kg beclomethasone group than in the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Natural surfactant combined with beclomethasone at 800 μg/kg is effective in reducing lung inflammation in an animal model of RDS, thus explaining the associated decrease in lung oxidative stress. The increase in MIF in animals treated with surfactant plus 800 μg/kg of beclomethasone might be an important maturative and protective factor for neonatal lungs.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neonatology, Department of Surgical and Medical Critical Care, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy. cdani@unifi.it
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dani
authors.forename: Iuri
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Corsini
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burchielli
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cangiamila
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
authors.forename: Bhattacharjee
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jayonta
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Longini
authors.forename: Ferdinando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paternostro
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buonocore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001507:Beclomethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000187:drug effects; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D001507:Beclomethasone