title: The economic burden of TNFα inhibitors and other biologic treatments in Norway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Costly biologic therapies have improved function and quality of life for patients suffering from rheumatic and inflammatory bowel diseases. In this survey, we aimed to document and analyze the costs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2008, the total costs of tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors and other biologic agents in Norway were registered prospectively. In addition to costs, the pattern of use in the four Norwegian health regions was analyzed. The expenses were calculated in Norwegian krone and converted into Euros.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pattern of use was similar in all four regions, indicating that national guidelines are followed. Whereas the cost was similar in the southeast, western, and central regions, the expenses per thousand inhabitants were 1.56 times higher in the northern region. This indicates that patients in the northern region experienced a lower threshold for access to these drugs. The gap in costs between trusts within northern Norway was about to be closed. The Departments of Rheumatology and Gastroenterology had the highest consumption rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The total cost of biologic agents was significant. Northern Norway had among the highest consumption rates worldwide. This can partly be explained. Further exploration calls for a national registry for the use of these drugs.
authors.affiliation: Northern Norway Regional Health Authority, Bodø, Norway;
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Norum
authors.forename: Wenche
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koldingsnes
authors.forename: Torfinn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aanes
authors.forename: Margaret Aarag
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Antonsen
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Florholmen
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo