title: Gradient-index lenses for near-ideal imaging and concentration with realistic materials.
abstract: Fundamentally new classes of spherical gradient-index lenses with imaging and concentration properties that approach the fundamental limits are derived. These analytic solutions admit severely constrained maximum and minimum refractive indices commensurate with existing manufacturable materials, for realistic optical and solar lenses.
authors.affiliation: Mechanical Engineering Department, Columbia University, 220 SW Mudd Building, 500 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kotsidas
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Modi
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D004867:Equipment Design; D007909:Lenses; D008420:Manufactured Materials; D015233:Models, Statistical; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000379:methods*; D012993:Solar Energy