title: Pharmacokinetics and platelet aggregation inhibitory effects of a novel intravenous formulation of clopidogrel in humans.
abstract: 1. PM103 is an intravenous formulation of clopidogrel being developed as an alternative to oral clopidogrel to provide for dosing flexibility in the emergent clinical setting. The present first-in-human study assessed the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of PM103 and its safety in 144 healthy human subjects. 2. The present was a randomized open-label parallel-group trial. Single intravenous doses of PM103 (0.1, 1.0, 10, 30, 100 or 300 mg) were administered to each group (n = 24 subjects per group). Platelet aggregation was assessed at baseline and then 15 and 30 min and 2, 5 and 24 h after drug administration. Determination of plasma concentrations of clopidogrel, clopidogrel carboxylic acid metabolite and the clopidogrel thiol metabolite were assessed at baseline and at 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 min and 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after drug administration. 3. PM103 produced a rapid, persistent and dose-related inhibition of platelet aggregation. The onset of the ant platelet effect paralleled the appearance in plasma of the clopidogrel thiol active metabolite. PM103 was well tolerated and no subjects discontinued treatment because of adverse events. 4. These data suggest that PM103 may be a suitable alternative to oral clopidogrel for patients in whom the desired clinical management would include administration of clopidogrel after coronary angiography but prior to percutaneous coronary intervention.
authors.affiliation: Prism Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA. dcushing@prismpharma.com
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cushing
authors.forename: Paul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Souney
authors.forename: Warren D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Gerald L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Mosher
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Machatha
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Kowey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001711:Biotransformation; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D058921:Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011355:Prodrugs; D058921:Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C528640:clopidogrel carboxylic acid; C093196:SBE4-beta-cyclodextrin; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine