title: Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels may have an important role in predisposing to hypertension and myocardial disease. We investigated the relationship between 25(OH)D and left ventricular (LV) structure and function, assessed by echocardiography, in a series of patients with essential hypertension (EH).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-two newly diagnosed never-treated patients (32 male/30 female), aged 18-65 years, with grade 1-2 hypertension, no diabetes, no obesity, no hyperlipidemia, and no cardiopulmonary, renal, or hepatic disease, were studied. Twenty-four healthy normotensive sex-, age-, BMI-matched subjects served as controls. Hypertensive patients with 25(OH)D deficiency, defined as serum 25(OH)D levels <50 nmol/L, had higher prevalence of LV hypertrophy (LVH) than their 25(OH)D-sufficient counterparts (57.1 vs 17.6%, P = 0.02); no differences between the two groups were found in blood pressure levels as well as in other biochemical and hormone parameters. There was an inverse correlation between LV mass index and 25(OH)D levels (r = -0.366, P < 0.003) and a direct correlation between LV mass index and BMI (r = 0.333, P < 0.006) in the entire hypertensive population. The two variables remained independently associated with LVH at multivariable logistic regression analysis (OR 1.05, P < 0.005 and OR 1.25, P = 0.03, respectively). Prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency was similar in EH patients and controls (45.1 vs 41.6%, P = 0.89), whereas no correlation between echocardiographic parameters and hormone levels was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the absence of major cardiovascular risk factors, 25(OH)D deficiency is a frequent finding in EH patients and is independently associated with LVH.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Ospedale 105, 35128 Padova, Italy. francesco.fallo@unipd.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fallo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Catena
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Camozzi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luisetto
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cosma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plebani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lupia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tona
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Sechi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D