title: Experimental study on anti-inflammatory activity of a TCM recipe consisting of the supercritical fluid CO2 extract of Chrysanthemum indicum, Patchouli Oil and Zedoary Turmeric Oil in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chrysanthemum indicum (Compositae) Linné, Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth and Curcuma wenyujin (Zingiberaceae) Y. H. Chen et C. Ling are three of the extensively used herbal remedies among traditional Chinese medicines for the purpose of anti-inflammation. A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) recipe named CPZ consisting extracts of the above three herbs, has shown noteworthy anti-influenza activity, which is closely related to its anti-inflammatory feature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigated the anti-inflammtory activity of CPZ in vivo for a further exploration of the recipe's anti-inflammatory properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-inflammatory property of CPZ on acute inflammation was evaluated by inflammatory models of dimethylbenzene (DMB)-induced ear vasodilatation and acetic acid-induced capillary permeability enhancement in mice, as well as the carrageenan-induced paw edema rat model, in which inflammation-related cytokine including prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO) in the edematous paw tissue were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, effect of CPZ on chronic inflammation was observed through granuloma formation in rats subjected to cotton pellet implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CPZ (340, 170, and 85 mg/kg for mice, p.o.) not only decreased the DMB-induced ear vasodilatation but also attenuated capillary permeability under acetic acid challenge in mice. And the significant inhibition on carrageenan-induced paw edema was observed. Further more, the ELISA results showed that CPZ (170, 85, and 42.5 mg/kg for rats, p.o.) could up-regulate the level of IL-1β in the edema paw tissue of rats significantly while down-regulate that of PGE(2), but no apparent effect on TNF-α or NO was observed in the test. Besides, CPZ had a certain degree of restraining effect on the cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in rats and the highest dose of 170 mg/kg even showed a significant suppression on it.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The above results indicated that CPZ possessed a potent anti-inflammatory activity, which is indicated to be closely associated with its regulation on IL-1β and PGE(2) thereby mediating the inflammatory response acting at an appropriate level.
authors.affiliation: Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523808, China.
authors.forename: Ji-Yan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Li-Rong
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Hai-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Mu-Rong
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Zi-Ren
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002351:Carrageenan; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects; D014992:Xylenes
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012997:Solvents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014992:Xylenes; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002351:Carrageenan; D015232:Dinoprostone; D019342:Acetic Acid