title: [Effects of cigarette smoking on female reproduction: from oocyte to embryo (Part I)].
abstract: Cigarette smoking is associated with lower fecundity rate, adverse reproductive outcomes and higher risk of IVF failure. Over the last decades, prevalence of smoking among women of reproductive age has increased. The aim of this work was to focus on the knowledge of the effects of cigarette smoking on all reproductive stages, from oocyte to embryo. For each reproductive functions human clinical and experimental studies were analysed in order to find hypothesis and explanations for effects observed. All reproductive functions are targets of smoke compounds and cigarette smoking impairs ovarian reserve, sexual steroids synthesis, Fallopian tubes functions and embryo development, leading to reduced fecundity. Some of smoke compounds were identified in ovarian tissue, in uterine fluid and in the embryo, suggesting direct toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine et de biologie de la reproduction, hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, 371 avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, Montpellier cedex 5, France. clodechanet@gmail.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dechanet
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brunet
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Anahory
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamamah
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hedon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dechaud
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000187:drug effects; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D010053:Ovary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D015995:Prevalence; D051381:Rats; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones