title: Georgenia daeguensis sp. nov., isolated from 4-chlorophenol enrichment culture.
abstract: During screening for 4-chlorophenol-degrading micro-organisms in activated sludge from industrial wastewater treatment, a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated 2C6-43(T), was isolated and characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 2C6-43(T) belongs to the family Bogoriellaceae, class Actinobacteria, and is related most closely to Georgenia soli CC-NMPT-T3(T) (98.8% sequence similarity), Georgenia muralis 1A-C(T) (97.6%), Georgenia thermotolerans TT02-04(T) (96.8%), Georgenia ruanii YIM 004(T) (96.6%) and Georgenia halophila YIM 93316(T) (96.0%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 2C6-43(T) was 66.2 mol%. Sugars from whole-cell hydrolysates found in strain 2C6-43(T) were rhamnose, ribose and galactose. The menaquinone MK-8(H(4)) was detected as the predominant quinone. Polar lipid analysis of 2C6-43(T) revealed diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol. An aromatic compound ring cleavage enzyme of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase was detected but catechol 2,3-dioxygenase was not detected in 2C6-43(T). A fatty acid profile with anteiso-C(15:0), iso-C(15:0) and C(16:0) as the major components supported the affiliation of strain 2C6-43(T) to the genus Georgenia. However, the DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 2C6-43(T) and the type strains of five species of the genus Georgenia ranged from 17 to 40%, clearly showing that the isolate constitutes a new genospecies. Strain 2C6-43(T) could be clearly differentiated from its phylogenetic neighbours on the basis of some phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. Therefore, strain 2C6-43(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Georgenia, for which the name Georgenia daeguensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is 2C6-43(T) (=KCTC 19801(T)=JCM 17459(T)).
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Division, H-Plus Eco Ltd, BVC 301, KRIBB, Eoeun-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.|WCU Center for Green Metagenomics, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.|School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Geun
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yingshun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex, Gyeongseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Environmental Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 52 Eoeun-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.affiliation: Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 52 Eoeun-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kwang Kyu
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Taik
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Division, H-Plus Eco Ltd, BVC 301, KRIBB, Eoeun-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myungjin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: WCU Center for Green Metagenomics, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.|School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joonhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D002733:Chlorophenols; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D011809:Quinones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012722:Sewage; C029107:4-chlorophenol