title: Sensor-augmented pump therapy for A1C reduction (STAR 3) study: results from the 6-month continuation phase.
abstract: OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of crossing over from optimized multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy to sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy for 6 months, and the effects of 18 months' sustained use of SAP.  RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The 6-month, single-crossover continuation phase of Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy for A1C Reduction (STAR 3) provided SAP therapy to 420 subjects who completed the 1-year randomized study. The primary outcome was change in A1C in the crossover group.  RESULTS A1C values were initially lower in the continuing-SAP group than in the crossover group (7.4 vs. 8.0%, P < 0.001). A1C values remained reduced in the SAP group. After 3 months on the SAP system, A1C decreased to 7.6% in the crossover group (P < 0.001); this was a significant and sustained decrease among both adults and children (P < 0.05).  CONCLUSIONS Switching from optimized MDI to SAP therapy allowed for rapid and safe A1C reductions. Glycemic benefits of SAP therapy persist for at least 18 months.
authors.affiliation: International Diabetes Center at Park Nicollet, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. richard.bergenstal@parknicollet.com
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bergenstal
authors.forename: William V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Tamborlane
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmann
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Buse
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dailey
authors.forename: Stephen N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Welsh
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Willi
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin