title: Preliminary evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity of Premna herbacea Roxb. in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma model and Dalton's lymphoma ascites model.
abstract: In the present study, the root nodules of Premna herbacea Roxb. (PH) was investigated for its in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity. Two extracts, aqueous and alcoholic; two fractions of alcoholic extract, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) assay, trypan blue exclusion assay and MTT assay. Alcoholic extract and its ethyl acetate fraction were found to be the most effective in BSL assay, trypan blue exclusion assay. In vivo antitumor activity was screened in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model and the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) model. The extracts and the fractions were tested at two dosages (250 and 500 mg/kg) by intraperitoneally (i.p.) route on every alternate day upto 13th day. Cisplatin was used as positive control in both studies in single dose (day 1) 3.5 mg/kg by i.p. route. In EAC model, ascites tumor was induced by inoculating 2.5 million of EAC cells i.p. alcoholic extract at 500 mg/kg was the most effective in elevating MST, reduction in body weight in EAC induced tumor. Only the effective extract i.e., alcoholic extract were studied for hematological and antioxidant parameter. It showed a restoring effect on altered hematological parameters and a significant improvement in biochemical parameters at 250 mg/kg dose of alcoholic extract. These results explain the toxicity of 500 mg/kg might be high. In the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) model, solid tumor was developed by i.m. injection of 1 million DLA cells. Both the extracts and the fractions possessed potent antitumor activity against solid tumor models by significantly reducing the solid tumor weight and volume.
authors.affiliation: Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal-576104, India.
authors.forename: Isha
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dhamija
authors.forename: Nitesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Manjula
authors.forename: Vipan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parihar
authors.forename: M Manjunath
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Setty
authors.forename: K S R
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Pai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002286:Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053204:Root Nodules, Plant / Q000737:chemistry; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts