title: Evaluation and comparison of the effects of hyperbaric oxygen and ozonized oxygen as adjuvant treatments in an experimental osteomyelitis model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated and compared the efficacy of ozone (O(3)) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapies in an experimental rat model of osteomyelitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham, osteomyelitis (control), vancomycin (V), vancomycin + HBO (VHB), vancomycin + O(3) (VO), and vancomycin + HBO + O(3) (VOHB) groups. Osteomyelitis was induced by a bone injection of 10(8) CFU/mL methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. HBO was administered daily at 2.8-atm pressure for 90 min; O(3) therapy was provided as intraperitoneal injections of 0.7 mg/kg O(3)/O(2) gas mixture once daily. Treatments were continued from d 7 to 21 after induction of osteomyelitis. Bone tissues and blood samples were harvested for biochemical, histopathologic, and microbiologic analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rats in the sham, VO, and VOHB groups gained weight but those in the control, V, and VHB groups did not. Levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were lower in the VHB, VO, and VOHB groups than in V and control groups. Levels of interleukin-10 and -1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were decreased in the VHB, VO, and VOHB groups; transforming growth factor-β was increased in these groups compared with V and control groups (P ≤ 0.001). Bacteria counts in VOHB were significantly lower than those in group of V (P = 0.012). Histopathologic scores in group VO were significantly lower than those in group V (P = 0.046).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  O(3) was as effective as HBO in decreasing oxidative parameters and inflammatory cytokines. Rats in the VO and VOHB groups gained more weight than did the other groups. Bacteria counts were significantly decreased in group VOHB compared with the other groups. Histopathologic scores in group VO were significantly decreased compared with the other groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik-Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Erbil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oguz
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekinci
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eroglu
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bilgic
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koca
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durusu
authors.forename: Umit
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kaldirim
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadir
authors.forename: Yuksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yurttas
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cakmak
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.forename: Tarik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Purtuloglu
authors.forename: Selahattin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozyurek
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cekli
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sehirlioglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D010126:Ozone