title: Large scale single-crystal Cu(In,Ga)Se2 nanotip arrays for high efficiency solar cell.
abstract: In this paper, we demonstrated direct formation of large area Cu(In,Ga)Se(2) nanotip arrays (CIGS NTRs) by using one step Ar(+) milling process without template. By controlling milling time and incident angles, the length of CIGS NTRs with adjustable tilting orientations can be precisely controlled. Formation criteria of these CIGS NTRs have been discussed in terms of surface curvature, multiple components, and crystal quality, resulting in a highly anisotropic milling effect. The CIGS NTRs have very low reflectance <0.1% at incident wavelengths between 300 to 1200 nm. Open circuit voltage and short circuit current of CIGS NTRs solar cell were measured to be ∼390 mV and ∼22.56 mA/cm(2), yielding the filling factor and the efficiency of 59 and 5.2%, respectively. In contrast to CIGS thin film solar cell with efficiency of 3.2%, the nanostructured CIGS NTRs can have efficiency enhancement of ∼160% due to the higher light absorption ability because of the nanostructure. The merits of current approach include the latest way via template-free direct creating process of nanostructured CIGS NTRs with controllable dimensionality and large scale production without postselenization process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chin-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chia-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Szu-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Wei-Chen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Yu-Kuang
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Jenh-Yih
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Juang
authors.forename: Hao-Chung
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Chih-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Lih-Juann
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Lun
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chueh