title: Effects of traditional Chinese medicine on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dipsacus asper Wall (Dipsacaceae), Salvia miltiorrhiza (Salvia) and Drynaria fortunei (Drynaria) have been traditionally used in Chinese medicine as the main ingredient of many formulations for the treatment of cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Dipsacaceae, Salvia and Drynaria on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted in School of Stomatology, Shandong University between 2009 and 2010 [Jinan, Shandong, China].
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six eight-week-old female SPF Wistar rats 180-200 g were selected and randomly divided into four groups of 24: Dipsacaceae group, Salvia group, Drynaria group and control group. Animal models for orthodontic tooth movement were then established which consisted of a closed coil spring ligated to the upper first molar and incisors, exerting a force of 40 g during the experimental period. Rats in the TCM groups were given Dipsacaceae, Salvia and Drynaria decoction respectively by intragastric administration 6 g/kg/day and the control group were given normal saline 3 ml. The rats were sacrificed in batch on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days after orthodontic treatment. Slices from periodontium of the upper first molar were observed under optical microscope. Neovascularization, new bone formation and osteoclast number were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The upper first molars were drawn mesial by the force. Telangiectasia and new bone formation in periodontal tissue were significantly in the TCM groups compared with the control group. Application of orthodontic forces in the experimental teeth showed a significant increase (P<0.05) of osteoclast number in the TCM group when compared with the control group. In addition, the number of osteoclast had no significant differences among the TCM groups (P>0.05). Osteoclast number in the TCM group and the control group were 10.12±0.058, 10.13±0.022, 10.09±0.047 and 9.55±0.045, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the TCM decoction are beneficial to the alveolar bone remodeling by promoting osteoclast differentiation during OTM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xu-xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shu-mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049917:Dipsacaceae; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D029621:Polypodiaceae; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027544:Salvia; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal