title: Gender differences in outcomes of endovascular treatment of infrainguinal peripheral artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to assess the outcomes of females compared to males treated with endovascular lower extremity interventions in order to determine optimal therapy based on gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review evaluating the outcomes of primary transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and PTA + stenting (PTA + S) for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Patency rates and limb salvage were the primary end points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1017 lesions were analyzed in 537 patients (229 male and 308 female) between 2004 and 2009. There were no differences between genders in lesion characteristics. Women were more likely to have interventions for critical limb ischemia (CLI). In CLI patients with superficial femoral artery (SFA) and tibial lesions, women had better patency rates (P < .005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women have better patency rates compared with men following treatment of some CLI lesions. Interestingly, women are treated more frequently for CLI when compared to men. For some lesion types in women, PTA alone was equivalent to PTA + S. Our results suggest that outcomes may be optimized by tailoring interventions to gender.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.forename: Reid A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ravin
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.forename: Gautam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shrikhande
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: McKinsey
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000401:mortality; D016638:Critical Illness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D023821:Limb Salvage; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency