title: C-type lectin receptors and cytokines in fungal immunity.
abstract: Fungi are the cause of opportunistic infections, predominantly in immunocompromised individuals although, primary fungal infections can occur in apparently healthy individuals. Successful host defence requires an effective innate and adaptive immune response. Central to host immune responses are the induction of cytokines; the signals which help to activate the innate immune system and which play a central role in directing the development of pathogen-specific immunity. C-type lectins play a central role in the recognition and shaping of immune responses to fungal pathogens, in part, through the induction and modulation of cytokine responses. Understanding which cytokines induce protective responses to these pathogens and how C-type lectins and other receptors direct cytokine production may allow development of novel antifungal therapies. Here we review the C-type lectins, their influence on cytokine production and subsequent immune responses in antifungal immunity.
authors.affiliation: Aberdeen Fungal Group, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vautier
authors.forename: Donna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: MacCallum
authors.forename: Gordon D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D005658:Fungi / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000276:immunology*; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000276:immunology; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009181:Mycoses / Q000276:immunology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin; D000099181:Dectin-1
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin; D000099181:Dectin-1; C113583:Clecsf8 protein, mouse; C445340:dectin-2, mouse