title: Sequence typing of adenovirus from samples from hematological stem cell transplant recipients.
abstract: Adenovirus infections are usually mild or even asymptomatic, but infections with the virus are being recognized increasingly as a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the immunocompromised, particularly hematological stem cell transplant patients where infections can be life threatening and mortality may reach 60%. Typing by sequencing the HVR7 region of the hexon was established and validated using 60 isolates of different serotypes from the six of the seven species which had been typed previously by serum neutralization. Analysis of nucleotide sequences was used to type 227 samples from 41 hematological stem cell transplant recipients. Types from six species were detected but species C types were detected in 51.4% and species A in 34.3% of patients. Seven patients were infected with different adenovirus types sequentially and a further six patients had evidence of simultaneous multiple infections. Many of the sequences had several differences from the prototype strains which will allow tracing of outbreaks and provide evidence for cross-infection in a hospital setting. In this study, the phylogenetic analysis of adenovirus sequences from hematological stem cell transplant patients' samples showed evidence of two possible cross-infection incidents involving three and five patients, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Virology Unit, Inflammation Sciences Group, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Yasir Mohammed A
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Al Qurashi
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guiver
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003428:Cross Infection; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058889:Molecular Typing; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014180:Transplantation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral