title: Effect of a conventional energy-restricted modified diet with or without meal replacement on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk profile in overweight women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia and hypertension are essential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Several studies showed favorable effects of weight loss in overweight subjects on cardiometabolic risk profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  This open-label, randomized, controlled study investigated the effect of an energy-restricted modified diet with (MR) or without meal replacements for weight control (C) on weight loss, body composition and cardiometabolic risk profile in overweight women. Of 105 randomized participants, 87 were eligible for per protocol analysis. Anthropometric, clinical, blood, 24 h-urine parameters and dietary intake were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary intervention resulted in a significant weight loss in both groups (MR: -5.98 ± 2.82 kg; p < 0.001, C: -4.84 ± 3.54 kg; p < 0.001). However, the rate of responder (weight loss >5%) was higher in MR (77%) versus C group (50%) (p = 0.010). A significant reduction in waist circumference (WC) and body fat mass (BFM) was observed in both groups. Body cell mass (BCM) and lean body mass (LBM) decreased, while percentage of BCM of body weight increased in MR more than in C group. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) significantly decreased and to a similar extent in both groups. Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C but also HDL-C declined significantly in both groups, while no change occurred in triglycerides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both dietary intervention strategies had a similar effect on weight loss and body fat distribution, but rate of responder was significantly higher in MR group. Systolic BP decreased to a similar extent in both groups. Cardiometabolic risk profile improved only partly in both groups.
authors.affiliation: Bonn Education Association for Dietetics r, A,, Fürst-Pückler-Str, 44, D-50935 Cologne, Germany. christine.metzner@rwth-aachen.de.
authors.forename: Christine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Metzner
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Folberth-Vögele
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bitterlich
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lemperle
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alteheld
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stehle
authors.forename: Roswitha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Siener