title: DNA compaction by azobenzene-containing surfactant.
abstract: We report on the interaction of cationic azobenzene-containing surfactant with DNA investigated by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and atomic force microscopy. The properties of the surfactant can be controlled with light by reversible switching of the azobenzene unit, incorporated into the surfactant tail, between a hydrophobic trans (visible irradiation) and a hydrophilic cis (UV irradiation) configuration. The influence of the trans-cis isomerization of the azobenzene on the compaction process of DNA molecules and the role of both isomers in the formation and colloidal stability of DNA-surfactant complexes is discussed. It is shown that the trans isomer plays a major role in the DNA compaction process. The influence of the cis isomer on the DNA coil configuration is rather small. The construction of a phase diagram of the DNA concentration versus surfactant/DNA charge ratio allows distancing between three major phases: colloidally stable and unstable compacted globules, and extended coil conformation. There is a critical concentration of DNA above which the compacted globules can be hindered from aggregation and precipitation by adding an appropriate amount of the surfactant in the trans configuration. This is because of the compensation of hydrophobicity of the globules with an increasing amount of the surfactant. Below the critical DNA concentration, the compacted globules are colloidally stable and can be reversibly transferred with light to an extended coil state.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24/25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. yuriy.zakrevskyy@uni-potsdam.de
authors.forename: Yuriy
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zakrevskyy
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kopyshev
authors.forename: Nino
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lomadze
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morozova
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lysyakova
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kasyanenko
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santer
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D007536:Isomerism; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D004247:DNA; C009850:azobenzene