title: Pregnancy risk in female kidney and liver recipients: a retrospective comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine and compare maternal, neonatal and graft outcomes in pregnant women after kidney or liver transplantation, who had delivered from 1 January 2005 to 1 February 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, single-center study provided in Warsaw, Poland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete data were collected in 38 deliveries in 37 women. Preexisting hypertension was present in 15 of 19 (79%) pregnant kidney recipients and in 2 of 19 (10.5%) women after liver transplantation (p < 0.000). The incidence of preeclampsia was also more often in pregnant kidney recipients (p = 0.04). Mean gestational age at labor was lower in the kidney group (34.9 ± 3.56 vs. 37.5 ± 1.62, p = 0.000). A similar relation was observed in the frequency of preterm deliveries before 37 weeks of gestation (42% vs. 11%, respectively, p = 0.02) and neonates small for gestational age (47% vs. 11%, respectively, p = 0.008). Cesarean sections were performed in approximately 79% (15/19) and 95% (18/19) liver and kidney posttransplant pregnancies, respectively. Four of 38 infants presented structural malformations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pregnancies after kidney transplantation are complicated with a higher prevalence of prematurity and worse neonatal prognosis, which depends mainly on the underlying condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. miroslaw.wielgos@wum.edu.pl
authors.forename: Miroslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wielgos
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szpotanska-Sikorska
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mazanowska
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bomba-Opon
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kociszewska-Najman
authors.forename: Zoulikha
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jabiry-Zieniewicz
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cyganek
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: Bronislawa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pietrzak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular; D006801:Humans; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies