title: Transcriptome analysis of MSC and MSC-derived osteoblasts on Resomer® LT706 and PCL: impact of biomaterial substrate on osteogenic differentiation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a particularly attractive cell type for bone tissue engineering because of their ex vivo expansion potential and multipotent differentiation capacity. MSC are readily differentiated towards mature osteoblasts with well-established protocols. However, tissue engineering frequently involves three-dimensional scaffolds which (i) allow for cell adhesion in a spatial environment and (ii) meet application-specific criteria, such as stiffness, degradability and biocompatibility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the present study, we analysed two synthetic, long-term degradable polymers for their impact on MSC-based bone tissue engineering: PLLA-co-TMC (Resomer® LT706) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). Both polymers enhance the osteogenic differentiation compared to tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) as determined by Alizarin red stainings, scanning electron microscopy, PCR and whole genome expression analysis. Resomer® LT706 and PCL differ in their influence on gene expression, with Resomer® LT706 being more potent in supporting osteogenic differentiation of MSC. The major trigger on the osteogenic fate, however, is from osteogenic induction medium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates an enhanced osteogenic differentiation of MSC on Resomer® LT706 and PCL compared to TCPS. MSC cultured on Resomer® LT706 showed higher numbers of genes involved in skeletal development and bone formation. This identifies Resomer® LT706 as particularly attractive scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. sneuss-stein@ukaachen.de
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neuss
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Denecke
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bovi
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Apel
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wöltje
authors.forename: Anandhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhanasingh
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salber
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knüchel
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zenke
mesh_terms: D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D019096:Vitronectin / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005353:Fibronectins; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; D019096:Vitronectin; C121059:poly(lactide-co-trimethylene carbonate); C016240:polycaprolactone; C010078:alizarin