title: Efficacy of imidacloprid + moxidectin and selamectin topical solutions against the KS1 Ctenocephalides felis flea strain infesting cats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two studies were conducted to evaluate and compare the efficacy of imidacloprid + moxidectin and selamectin topical solutions against the KS1 flea strain infesting cats. In both studies the treatment groups were comprised of non-treated controls, 6% w/v selamectin (Revolution®; Pfizer Animal Health) topical solution and 10% w/v imidacloprid + 1% w/v moxidectin (Advantage Multi® for Cats, Bayer Animal Health) topical solution. All cats were infested with 100 fleas on Days -2, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The difference in the studies was that in study #1 efficacy evaluations were conducted at 24 and 48 hours post-treatment or post-infestation, and in study #2 evaluations were conducted at 12 and 24 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In study #1 imidacloprid + moxidectin and the selamectin formulation provided 99.8% and 99.0% efficacy at 24 hours post-treatment. On day 28, the 24 hour efficacy of the selamectin formulation dropped to 87.1%, whereas the imidacloprid + moxidectin formulation provided 98.9% efficacy. At the 48 hour assessments following the 28 day infestations, efficacy of the imidacloprid + moxidectin and selamectin formulations was 96.8% and 98.3% respectively. In study # 2 the efficacy of the imidacloprid + moxidectin and selamectin formulations 12 hours after treatment was 100% and 69.4%, respectively. On day 28, efficacy of the imidacloprid + moxidectin and selamectin formulations 12 hours after infestation was 90.2% and 57.3%, respectively. In study #2 both formulations provided high levels of efficacy at the 24 hour post-infestation assessments, with selamectin and imidacloprid + moxidectin providing 95.3% and 97.5% efficacy, following infestations on day 28.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the 24 and 48 hour residual efficacy assessments, the imidacloprid + moxidectin and selamectin formulations were similarly highly efficacious. However, the imidacloprid + moxidectin formulation provided a significantly higher rate of flea kill against the KS1 flea strain infesting cats at every 12 hour post-infestation residual efficacy assessment. Both formulations should provide excellent flea control for an entire month on cats.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Dryden@vet.k-state.edu
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Dryden
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: Vicki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hostetler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D002415:Cats; D058251:Ctenocephalides / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004341:Drug Evaluation / Q000662:veterinary; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D058267:Flea Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C082359:imidacloprid; D007559:Ivermectin; C414354:selamectin; C027837:moxidectin