title: A-to-I RNA editing: the "ADAR" side of human cancer.
abstract: Carcinogenesis is a complex, multi-stage process depending on both endogenous and exogenous factors. In the past years, DNA mutations provided important clues to the comprehension of the molecular pathways involved in numerous cancers. Recently, post-transcriptional modification events, such as RNA editing, are emerging as new players in several human diseases, including tumours. A-to-I RNA editing changes the nucleotide sequence of target RNAs, introducing A-to-I/G "mutations". Since ADAR enzymes catalyse this nucleotide conversion, their expression/activity is essential and finely regulated in normal cells. This review summarizes the available knowledge on A-to-I RNA editing in the cancer field, giving a new view on how ADARs may play a role in carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: RNA Editing Laboratory, Oncohaematology Department, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galeano
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomaselli
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gallo
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D055162:Biocatalysis; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017393:RNA Editing; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C567955:ADARB1 protein, human; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase