title: An atypical composition of adductor hallucis co-existent with an accessory plantar muscle and duplication of flexor digiti minimi pedis.
abstract: Adductor hallucis (AH) is frequently employed in transposition onto the first metatarsal head to alleviate symptoms of hallux valgus. Although tis muscle receives sufficient anatomical description, it is often disregarded in clinical practice. The rare anomalies associated with AH, merit a detailed study owing to its contribution to the treatment of hallux valgus. Additionally, the AH may be employed in plastic and reconstructive surgeries as a graft to cover defects of the foot. Therefore, we sought to report this infrequent anomaly relating to the AH muscle. Through the course of a regular educational gross anatomy class a muscular variant of the plantar musculature was noticed. A meticulous dissection was carried out and the specimen photographed. The oblique head of AH displayed three bellies whereas the transverse head was unremarkable. Another accessory belly was observed taking origin from the fourth metatarsal bone. Additionally, the flexor digiti minimi brevis (FDMB) displayed two bellies medial and lateral. A preoperative radiological assessment of the foot to be operated upon may provide the necessary information and may detect these muscular anomalies. Utilizing these variations to their benefit during operation will shorten the procedure time and may reduce post-operative risks and complications. We report this unique muscular anomaly to alert the foot surgeons and radiologists and plan their procedures accordingly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India. drvandanamehta@gmail.com
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nayyar
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Suri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rath
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005545:Forefoot, Human / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006215:Hallux Valgus / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000002:abnormalities*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods