title: Vascular anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin on HMGB1-mediated responses in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein up-regulates proinflammatory cytokines in several inflammatory diseases. Curcumin is a polyphenol responsible for the yellow color of the curry spice turmeric. It possesses diverse pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic activities. However, the effects of curcumin on HMGB1-mediated proinflammatory responses have not been studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-inflammatory activities of curcumin were determined by measuring solute flux, leukocyte adhesion and migration and activation of proinflammatory proteins in HMGB1-activated human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Curcumin inhibited the release of HMGB1 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and HMGB1-mediated barrier disruption, neutrophil adhesion and migration, and expression of cell adhesion molecules. Further studies revealed that curcumin down-regulated the cell surface receptor of HMGB1 in human endothelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that curcumin exerts anti-inflammatory effects in HMGB1-mediated proinflammatory responses, endorsing its usefulness as therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microvascular Circulation Research, NEUORNEX Inc., Daegu 711-823, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Chan
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Wonhwa
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-Sup
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000276:immunology; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000276:immunology*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000276:immunology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000276:immunology; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019040:E-Selectin; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C495342:TLR2 protein, human; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D003474:Curcumin