title: Ketamine does not inhibit interleukin-6 synthesis in hepatic resections requiring a temporary porto-arterial occlusion (Pringle manoeuvre): a controlled, prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have shown that interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels correlated with mortality in critically ill patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of ketamine on IL-6 levels in liver resections patients with a temporary porto-arterial occlusion (Pringle manoeuvre).
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled, prospective, randomized, double-blinded study. One group (n = 21) received ketamine whereas the other group (n = 17) received placebo. IL-6 levels were obtained at baseline, 4, 12, 24 h, 3 and 5 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in IL-6 levels between the groups (basal P = 089, 4 hP = 0.83, 12 h P = 0.39, 24 h, P = 0.55, 3 days P = 0.80 and 5 days P = 0.45). Both groups had elevated IL-6 levels that became almost undetectable by day 5. There was no major morbidity and no mortality in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ketamine does not seem to have an effect on plasma levels of IL-6. This could be interpreted as a potential finding associated with outcome as we did not encounter any deaths or major complications. Further studies will likely be needed to determine the range of IL-6 levels associated with survival and mortality, and whether it could be a predictor of survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Francisco Carlos
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Bonofiglio
authors.forename: Ernesto P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Molmenti
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Santibañes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001118:Argentina; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007649:Ketamine