title: Ganglioneuroblastic transformation in olfactory neuroblastoma.
abstract: Ganglioneuroblastic transformation in olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is an exceptionally rare phenomenon. We document the case of a patient with a poorly differentiated sinonasal malignancy that recurred following treatment with chemoradiotherapy and showed ganglioneuroblastic transformation. Although the index tumour showed neuroendocrine differentiation, it did not have the typical clinico-pathological features associated with ONB. We highlight the diagnostic difficulties in establishing an accurate diagnosis for undifferentiated sinonasal tumours and present evidence that the index tumour was an ONB. The current report is only the third case of ONB showing complete ganglioneuroblastic transformation.
authors.affiliation: Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK. timothy.bates@nuth.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Daniel Du
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Plessis
authors.forename: Tuomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Polvikoski
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McQueen
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meikle
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D018305:Ganglioneuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008444:Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged