title: [Frequency combination of a gallstone disease and diabetes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Analyze national characteristics of prevalence and association between gallstone disease (GSD) and diabetes mellitus (DM), both in the world and in Western Siberia, and some possible mechanisms of this association.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Changes in human behaviour and lifestyle over the last century have resulted in a dramatic increase in the incidence of DM and GSD worldwide, many risk factors are common to these diseases (overweight, age, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, etc.). In some studies it was shown a higher prevalence of gallstones among patients with DM compared with persons without DM, in others - there were no association between GSD and DM. In epidemiological study in frame of the WHO "MONICA" in the unorganized population of Novosibirsk in Western Siberia (1994-1995 years) it was shown, that in the male population aged 35-54 years found no relationship between GSD and DM, in the female population aged 25-64 the prevalence of GSD was 10,5% and among women with DM the frequency of GSD showed 37.5% (univariate analysis: OR = 5.0 (CI 2.04-12.2, p = 0.001). The association between GSD and DM in women remained in multivariate logistic regression analysis, which includes age, BMI, arterial hypertension: OR = 3.9 (95% CI 1.47-10.5, p = 0.006). In the female population aged 25-64 years the prevalence of diabetes was 6.7%, among women with gallstone disease--20.0%, p < 0.05. Possible mechanisms for the relationship between GSD and DM--gallbladder hypomotility, decrease of cholecystokinin-A receptor (CCK-A) gene expression and decreased sensitivity to CCK, insulin resistance, decreased activity of PPAR-receptors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) in patients with DM.
authors.forename: I N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Grigor'eva
authors.forename: A Iu
authors.initials: AIu
authors.lastname: Iamlikhanova
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012800:Siberia / Q000453:epidemiology