title: Novel germline PALB2 truncating mutations in African American breast cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been demonstrated that the partner and localizer of breast cancer 2 (PALB2) acts as a bridging molecule between the breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and BRCA2 proteins and is responsible for facilitating BRCA2-mediated DNA repair. Truncating mutations in the PALB2 gene reportedly are enriched in patients with Fanconi anemia and breast cancer in various populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors evaluated the contribution of PALB2 germline mutations in 279 African American women with breast cancer, including 29 patients with a strong family history, 29 patients with a moderate family history, 75 patients with a weak family history, and 146 patients with nonfamilial or sporadic breast cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After direct sequencing of all the coding exons, exon/intron boundaries, and 5' and 3' untranslated regions of PALB2, 3 novel, monoallelic, truncating mutations (1.08%; 3 in 279 patients) were identified (c.758dupT [exon 4], c.1479delC [exon 4], and c.3048delT [exon 10]) together with 50 sequence variants, 27 of which were novel. None of the truncating mutations were identified in a group of 262 controls from the same population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PALB2 mutations were present in both familial and nonfamilial breast cancers among African Americans. Rare PALB2 mutations accounted for a small but substantial proportion of patients with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Cancer Genetics and Global Health, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Yonglan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Dezheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Olufunmilayo I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Olopade
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005192:Family Health; D000076164:Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D024522:Genes, BRCA2; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D000076164:Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group N Protein; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C512790:PALB2 protein, human; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins