title: Protection against radiation clastogenecity in mouse bone marrow by Phyllanthus niruri.
abstract: The effects of aqueous (PnAq) and alcoholic (PnA1 extract (50-250 mg/kg) of P. niruri on in vivo gamma radiation induced chromosome aberration and in vitro antioxidant activity (50-500 microg/ml) were studied. The antioxidant activity was studied by measuring inhibition of hydroxyl radicals generated by the fenton reaction along with pro-oxidant and iron chelating ability. PnA1 showed highly significant in vitro free radical scavenging ability when compared to DMSO above 250 microg/ml concentration. PnAq showed significant pro-oxidant activity while PnA1 was devoid of it at the tested concentrations. Exposure to gamma radiation (4 Gy) caused 29.10 % increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations. Administration of PnA1 (250 mg/kg) showed highly significant decrease in chromosomal aberrations compared to radiation treated group. Radioprotective potential of alcoholic extract was found to be more effective than the aqueous extract. Qualitative phytochemical investigation of PnAq and PnA1 revealed the presence of sugars, flavonoids, alkaloid, lignans, polyphenols, tannins, coumarins and saponins. Higher radioprotective effect of the alcoholic extract may be attributed to rich presence of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Idgah Hills, Bhopal 462002, India.
authors.forename: Indu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.forename: P Uma
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Devi
authors.forename: Papiya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bigoniya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry; D005720:Gamma Rays; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D029803:Phyllanthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances