title: Preparation and biological evaluation of enzyme-assisted extracts from edible seaweed (Enteromorpha prolifera) as antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in murine macrophages.
abstract: The multifunctional bioactive materials were prepared from Enteromorpha prolifera by enzyme-assisted extraction using four proteases and seven carbohydrases, and the biological activities of the enzyme-assisted extracts were evaluated as antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and anti-inflammatory effect as the measures of inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW264.7 cells. The enzyme-assisted extracts were rich in polyphenols in the range 124 ± 4.2 to 844 ± 9.1 mg/100 g and flavonoids in the range 453 ± 6.0 to 675 ± 5.2 mg/100 g, and Protamex and Viscozyme extracts, which were rich in polyphenols and flavonoids, showed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, ferrous ion chelating and reducing power. Flavourzyme extract (89.92%) and Promozyme extract (93.64%) showed the highest AChE inhibitory activities at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. All enzyme-assisted extracts showed no cytotoxic effect on RAW264.7 cells at the tested concentration and significantly inhibited the LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7 cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Food Technology and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Bum
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Pyo-Jam
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Je
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010945:Plants, Edible / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry*; D044445:Ulva / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010851:Picrates; D028321:Plant Preparations; D059808:Polyphenols; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases