title: Phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide promotes VEGF-induced angiogenesis in endothelial cells and rat aorta ring cultures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PCOOH) is a primary oxidation product of PC, and is markedly accumulated in blood plasma and arterial walls in atherosclerotic animals and humans. The role of PCOOH in the induction of angiogenesis is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we investigated whether PCOOH stimulated angiogenic responses (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation, and angiogenesis-related gene/protein expression) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and in an ex vivo rat aorta model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGF induced proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVEC, and these angiogenic responses were all enhanced by PCOOH but not by native (nonoxidized) PC. The angiogenic effects of PCOOH are considered to be mediated via generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of both PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways. The angiogenic activities of PCOOH were also confirmed by the rat aortic ring assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that PCOOH can elicit several angiogenic responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study implies an important role of PCOOH in atherosclerosis progression and plaque instability.
authors.affiliation: Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan. nkgw@biochem.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Phumon
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sookwong
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuduki
authors.forename: Kiminori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C057590:phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt