title: Magnitude of head impact exposures in individual collegiate football players.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to quantify the severity of head impacts sustained by individual collegiate football players and to investigate differences between impacts sustained during practice and game sessions, as well as by player position and impact location. Head impacts (N = 184,358) were analyzed for 254 collegiate players at three collegiate institutions. In practice, the 50th and 95th percentile values for individual players were 20.0 g and 49.5 g for peak linear acceleration, 1187 rad/s2 and 3147 rad/s2 for peak rotational acceleration, and 13.4 and 29.9 for HITsp, respectively. Only the 95th percentile HITsp increased significantly in games compared with practices (8.4%, p = .0002). Player position and impact location were the largest factors associated with differences in head impacts. Running backs consistently sustained the greatest impact magnitudes. Peak linear accelerations were greatest for impacts to the top of the helmet, whereas rotational accelerations were greatest for impacts to the front and back. The findings of this study provide essential data for future investigations that aim to establish the correlations between head impact exposure, acute brain injury, and long-term cognitive deficits.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Crisco
authors.forename: Bethany J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Machan
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: McAllister
authors.forename: Ann-Christine
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Duhaime
authors.forename: Stefan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Duma
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rowson
authors.forename: Jonathan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Beckwith
authors.forename: Jeffrey J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Greenwald
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000293:Adolescent; D005538:Football / Q000502:physiology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006257:Head / Q000502:physiology*; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D012399:Rotation; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult