title: Helicobacter pylori attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production by murine macrophages.
abstract: Intragastric growth of Helicobacter pylori and non-Helicobacter microorganisms is thought to be associated with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the production of NO these effects can lead to chronic inflammation. Microorganisms can activate the expression of iNOS and the production of NO by macrophages through stimulation with bacterial LPS. Helicobacter pylori can evade these vigorous immune responses, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we used a murine model of macrophage infection to demonstrate that H. pylori inhibits LPS-induced expression of iNOS and production of NO by macrophages. Suppression of LPS-induced NO production by macrophages led to elevated survival of H. pylori in a trans-well system. This effect was abrogated in macrophages from iNOS(-/-) mice. Analysis of iNOS mRNA and protein levels revealed that H. pylori inhibits iNOS expression at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, and that these effects occurred with live bacteria. Furthermore, the effect of H. pylori involved down-regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and the translocation of active NF-κB into the nucleus. Taken together, our results reveal a new mechanism by which H. pylori modulates the innate immune responses of the host and maintains a persistent infection within the stomach.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Neural and Cognitive Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Dah-Yuu
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Chin-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Chia-Hsian
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ming-Chei
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Maa
authors.forename: Shih-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yuan-Man
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Yu-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chun-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wan-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hwai-Jeng
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Che-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chih-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology*; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II