title: Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages of Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum.
abstract: In this study, 2 bacteriophages of Salmonella Pullorum were isolated using an enrichment protocol and the double agar layer method. They were named PSPu-95 and PSPu-4-116, respectively, against clinical isolates of Salmonella Pullorum SPu-95 and SPu-116. The host ranges of the 2 bacteriophages were determined by performing spot tests with 20 bacteria strains. Both bacteriophages had wide host ranges. Bacteriophage PSPu-95 had a lytic effect on 17 of the 20 isolates (85%), and PSPu-4-116 produced a lytic effect on 14 isolates (70%) and was the only bacteriophage that produced a clear plaque on enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the bacteriophages belonged to the order Caudovirales. Bacteriophage PSPu-95 was a member of the family Siphoviridae, but bacteriophage PSPu-4-116 belonged to the family Myoviridae. Both had a double-stranded DNA, which was digested with HindIII or EcoRI, that was estimated to be 58.3 kbp (PSPu-95) and 45.2 kbp (PSPu-4-116) by 1% agar electrophoresis. One-step growth kinetics showed that the latent periods were all less than 20 min, and the burst size was 77.5 pfu/cell for PSPu-95 and 86 pfu/cell for PSPu-4-116. The bacteriophages were able to survive in a pH range between 4 and 10, and they were able to survive in a treatment of 70°C for 60 min. The characterizations of these 2 bacteriophages were helpful in establishing a basis for adopting the most effective bacteriophage to control bacteria in the poultry industry.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Safety and Quality, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D058507:Host Specificity; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes