title: Statistical parametric mapping demonstrates asymmetric uptake with Tc-99m ECD and Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT in normal brain.
abstract: Tc-99m ethyl cysteinate diethylester (ECD) and Tc-99m hexamethyl propylene amine oxime (HMPAO) are commonly used for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies of a variety of neurologic disorders. Although these tracers have been very helpful in diagnosing and guiding treatment of neurologic disease, data describing the distribution and laterality of these tracers in normal resting brain are limited. Advances in quantitative functional imaging have demonstrated the value of using resting studies from control populations as a baseline to account for physiologic fluctuations in cerebral perfusion. Here, we report results from 30 resting Tc-99m ECD SPECT scans and 14 resting Tc-99m HMPAO scans of normal volunteers with no history of neurologic disease. Scans were analyzed with regions of interest and with statistical parametric mapping, with comparisons performed laterally (left vs. right), as well as for age, gender, and handedness. The results show regions of significant asymmetry in the normal controls affecting widespread areas in the cerebral hemispheres, but most marked in superior parietotemporal region and frontal lobes. The results have important implications for the use of normal control SPECT images in the evaluation of patients with neurologic disease.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Systems Electrophysiology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Brinkmann
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stead
authors.forename: Noojan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.forename: Terence J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Elson L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Hal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blumenfeld
authors.forename: Brian P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Mullan
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Worrell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; C059659:technetium Tc 99m bicisate; D003545:Cysteine