title: Effect of implant-abutment connection design on load bearing capacity and failure mode of implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this in vitro study, six implant-abutment connection designs were compared and evaluated regarding load bearing capacities and failure modes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five implants of Astra Tech, Bego, Camlog, Friadent, Nobel Biocare, and Straumann were separately embedded in stainless steel tubes using polyurethane, for a total of 30 specimens. Specimens were statically loaded under an angle of 30° with respect to the implant axis in a universal testing machine using a test setup according to ISO 14801. Failure was indicated by a load drop of 100 N in force. Load-displacement curves were analyzed, and maximum force and force at which permanent deformation occurred were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with the level of significance set at 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis revealed that the type of implant-abutment connection design has a significant influence on load bearing capacity (p < 0.001). The mean maximum forces ranged between 606 N (Straumann) and 1129 N (Bego); the forces where plastic deformation set in ranged between 368 N (Friadent) and 955 N (Bego). Failure modes differed between the various implant-abutment connection types tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implant-abutment connection design has a significant influence on load bearing capacity and failure mode of implants; however, all implant-abutment connection designs tested would be expected to withstand clinically relevant forces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany. steffiebe@aol.com
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dittmer
authors.forename: Marc Philipp
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Dittmer
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kohorst
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jendras
authors.forename: Lothar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Borchers
authors.forename: Meike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stiesch
mesh_terms: D059605:Dental Implant-Abutment Design; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D019415:Torque; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants