title: A randomized trial of the Vein Viewer versus standard technique for placement of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Peripherally inserted central catheters are important but can be difficult to place in neonates. Therefore, we compared a near-infrared device, the Vein Viewer, to determine if its use would increase successful line placement, with standard techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial in preterm and term neonates in a level 3 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 115 subjects were enrolled with 59 randomized to the Vein Viewer group and 56 to the control group. Overall, use of the Vein Viewer showed a trend to more successful placement 86 versus 75%; unadjusted odds ratio 2.33 (0.90, 6.04; P=0.08). Infants randomized to the Vein Viewer were more mature (30 ± 2 weeks gestational age (GA) versus 28 ± 2 weeks GA; P=0.08). After adjusting for GA, use of the Vein Viewer was significantly more likely to lead to successful line placement (adjusted odds ratio 3.05 (1.10, 1.82)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Vein Viewer improved successful placement with the most benefit seen in infants of greater GA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, University Hospitals of Cleveland Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. karla.phipps@UHhospitals.org
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Phipps
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Modic
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: O'Riordan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008297:Male