title: Microfluidic chamber arrays for whole-organism behavior-based chemical screening.
abstract: The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important model organism in genetic research and drug screening because of its relative simplicity, ease of maintenance, amenability to simple genetic manipulation, and relevance to human biology. However, their small size and mobility make nematodes difficult to physically manipulate, particularly with spatial and temporal precision. We have developed a microfluidic device to overcome these challenges and enable fast behavior-based chemical screening in C. elegans. The key components of this easy-to-use device allow rapid loading and housing of C. elegans in a chamber array for chemical screening. A simple two-step loading process enables simultaneous loading of a large number of animals within a few minutes without using any expensive/active off-chip components. In addition, chemicals can be precisely delivered to the worms and exchanged with high temporal precision. To demonstrate this feature and the ability to measure time dependent responses to chemicals, we characterize the transient response of worms exposed to different concentrations of anesthetics. We then use the device to study the effect of chemical signals from hermaphrodite worms on male behavior. The ability of the device to maintain a large number of free moving animals in one field of view over a long period of time permits us to demonstrate an increase in the incidence of a specific behavior in males subjected to worm-conditioned medium. Because our device allows monitoring of a large number of worms with single-animal resolution, we envision that this platform will greatly expedite chemical screening in C. elegans.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr, NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0100, USA.
authors.forename: Kwanghun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr, NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0100, USA.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.affiliation: MC156-29, Biology Division, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
authors.forename: Jagan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.affiliation: MC156-29, Biology Division, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr, NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0100, USA.
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.affiliation: Boyce Thompson Institute and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Frank C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr, NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0100, USA.|Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr, NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0100, USA.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000187:drug effects*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012724:Sex Attractants