title: Accessibility of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor and its importance in adenovirus gene transduction efficiency.
abstract: Viruses are commonly investigated as vector systems for gene therapy. To be effective, virus-mediated gene-delivery systems require the presence of specific virus receptors to enter the target cell. One example is adenovirus and its primary receptor is the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells have become a choice model system for studying CAR and adenovirus infection due to their ability to polarize rapidly into an epithelium with high transepithelial resistance. We show here that, whilst MDCK cells are resistant to adenovirus infection and hence appear functionally CAR-deficient, polarized MDCK cells express significant levels of CAR sequestered on the basolateral surface, where it is inaccessible for virus infection. Thus, although a cell type may be resistant to adenovirus infection, it is impossible to know whether it is due to a deficiency, as both CAR absence and inaccessibility are barriers to adenovirus-mediated gene transfer.
authors.affiliation: Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.affiliation: Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
authors.forename: Abimbola Olayinka
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Kolawole
authors.affiliation: Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
authors.forename: Sydney Marie
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wiltshire
authors.affiliation: Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Frondorf
authors.affiliation: Wright State University, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, OH 45435, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine Julie Diane Ashbourne
authors.initials: KJDA
authors.lastname: Excoffon
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004285:Dogs; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic
chemical_list: D011991:Receptors, Virus