title: The effects of carbohydrate ingestion during endurance running on post-exercise inflammation and hepcidin levels.
abstract: The effect of carbohydrate (CHO) consumption during prolonged endurance running on post-exercise inflammation and hepcidin levels was investigated. Eleven well-trained male endurance athletes completed a graded exercise test, followed by two experimental running trials in a randomized order. The two experimental trials consisted of a 90 min run at 75% of the peak oxygen uptake velocity (vVO(2peak)), while consuming a solution with either 6% CHO or a placebo (PLA) equivalent at 3 ml kg(-1) every 20 min. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), free hemoglobin (Hb), haptoglobin (Hp), hepcidin and iron parameters were assessed throughout the post-run recovery period. Serum iron and IL-6 were significantly elevated immediately post-run in both CHO and PLA (p ≤ 0.05), with no differences between trials. Serum-free Hb increased and Hp decreased significantly immediately post-run in both conditions (p ≤ 0.05). Serum soluble transferrin receptor levels were significantly below the baseline at 3 and 24 h post-run in both conditions (p ≤ 0.05). Serum hepcidin concentration recorded 3 h post-run in both conditions was significantly elevated (p ≤ 0.05), and had returned to the baseline by 24 h post-run (p ≤ 0.05). The use of a 6% CHO solution at 3 ml kg(-1) 20 min(-1) during endurance running did not attenuate the inflammatory response and subsequent increase in serum hepcidin levels during the post-run recovery period.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. simm08@student.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Landers
authors.forename: Erwin T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Wiegerinck
authors.forename: Dorine W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Swinkels
authors.forename: Mary-Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trinder
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peeling
mesh_terms: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006461:Hemolysis; D064451:Hepcidins; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D016207:Cytokines; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; C578702:HAMP protein, human; D064451:Hepcidins; D007501:Iron