title: Intragastric protein administration stimulates overnight muscle protein synthesis in elderly men.
abstract: The loss of skeletal muscle mass with aging has been attributed to an impaired muscle protein synthetic response to food intake. Therefore, nutritional strategies are targeted to modulate postprandial muscle protein accretion in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of protein administration during sleep on in vivo protein digestion and absorption kinetics and subsequent muscle protein synthesis rates in elderly men. Sixteen healthy elderly men were randomly assigned to an experiment during which they were administered a single bolus of intrinsically l-[1-(13)C]phenylalanine-labeled casein protein (PRO) or a placebo (PLA) during sleep. Continuous infusions with l-[ring-(2)H(5)]phenylalanine and l-[ring-(2)H(2)]tyrosine were applied to assess in vivo dietary protein digestion and absorption kinetics and subsequent muscle protein synthesis rates during sleep. We found that exogenous phenylalanine appearance rates increased following protein administration. The latter stimulated protein synthesis, resulting in a more positive overnight whole body protein balance (0.30 ± 0.1 vs. 11.8 ± 1.0 μmol phenylalanine·kg(-1)·h(-1) in PLA and PRO, respectively; P < 0.05). In agreement, overnight muscle protein fractional synthesis rates were much greater in the PRO experiment (0.045 ± 0.002 vs. 0.029 ± 0.002%/h, respectively; P < 0.05) and showed abundant incorporation of the amino acids ingested via the intrinsically labeled protein (0.058 ± 0.006%/h). This is the first study to show that dietary protein administration during sleep is followed by normal digestion and absorption kinetics, thereby stimulating overnight muscle protein synthesis. Dietary protein administration during sleep stimulates muscle protein synthesis and improves overnight whole body protein balance. These findings may provide a basis for novel interventional strategies to attenuate muscle mass loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bart B L
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.forename: Peter T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Res
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pennings
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hertle
authors.forename: Joan M G
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Senden
authors.forename: Wim H M
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Saris
authors.forename: Luc J C
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: van Loon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000465:Algorithms; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003903:Deuterium; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004063:Digestion; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000517:prevention & control; D012890:Sleep
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D003903:Deuterium