title: Double-strand break end resection and repair pathway choice.
abstract: DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are cytotoxic lesions that can result in mutagenic events or cell death if left unrepaired or repaired inappropriately. Cells use two major pathways for DSB repair: nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). The choice between these pathways depends on the phase of the cell cycle and the nature of the DSB ends. A critical determinant of repair pathway choice is the initiation of 5'-3' resection of DNA ends, which commits cells to homology-dependent repair, and prevents repair by classical NHEJ. Here, we review the components of the end resection machinery, the role of end structure, and the cell-cycle phase on resection and the interplay of end processing with NHEJ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA. lss5@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Lorraine S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Symington
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gautier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D059766:DNA End-Joining Repair; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005199:Fanconi Anemia / Q000235:genetics; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D018816:Genes, cdc; D006801:Humans; D011487:Protein Conformation; D059767:Recombinational DNA Repair; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; C028450:exodeoxyribonuclease I; D004265:DNA Helicases; C410222:DNA2 protein, S cerevisiae