title: Prey-dependent retention of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) by mixotrophic dinoflagellates.
abstract: We investigated the retention of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in phototrophic dinoflagellates arising from mixotrophy by estimating the cellular content of DMSP in Karlodinium veneficum (mixotrophic growth) fed for 7-10 days on either DMSP-rich Amphidinium carterae (phototrophic growth only) or DMSP-poor Teleaulax sp. (phototrophic growth only). In K. veneficum fed on DMSP-poor prey, the cellular content of DMSP remained almost unchanged regardless of the rate of feeding, whereas the cellular content of DMSP in cells of K. veneficum fed on DMSP-rich prey increased by as much as 21 times the cellular concentration derived exclusively from phototrophic growth. In both cases, significant fractions (10-32% in the former case and 55-65% in the latter) of the total DMSP ingested by K. veneficum were transformed into dimethylsulfide and other biochemical compounds. The results may indicate that the DMSP content of prey species affects temporal variations in the cellular DMSP content of mixotrophic dinoflagellates, and that mixotrophic dinoflagellates produce DMS through grazing on DMSP-rich preys. Additional studies should be performed to examine the universality of our finding in other mixotrophic dinoflagellates feeding on diverse prey species.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunwoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ki-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kitack
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hae Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Yeong Du
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D044785:Cryptophyta / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating; D055669:Ecological and Environmental Phenomena; D020387:Food Chain; D052817:Phototrophic Processes; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D013452:Sulfonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013452:Sulfonium Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D013455:Sulfur; C068078:dimethylpropiothetin