title: The prognostic roles of initial glucose level and functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke: difference between diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the prognostic roles of initial glucose level in the emergency department among patients with acute ischemic stroke, and to evaluate whether or not the impact varied with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 774 first-ever ischemic stroke patients admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in Taiwan. Participants were stratified into tertiles by initial glucose level in the emergency department. The Barthel Index (BI) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were used to assess functional outcome 3 months after the ischemic stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial glucose level was significantly associated with functional outcome 3 months after ischemic stroke. Compared with the 1st tertile, adjusted odds ratios for 2nd and 3rd tertiles of initial glucose level were 1.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-2.95) and 4.57 (95% CI, 2.87-7.29), for BI of less than 60, 2.07 (95% CI, 1.28-3.36) and 4.45 (95% CI, 2.76-7.18) for mRS score of >2. The association was apparent among the nondiabetic stroke patients compared with diabetic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A positive association was found between initial glucose level and poor functional outcome at 3 months in patients with acute ischemic stroke, particularly among nondiabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Gwo-Chi
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Shiau-Fu
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Yi-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Ning
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Chia-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kuo-Liong
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose