title: Avoiding pitfalls in anterior screw fixation for type II odontoid fractures.
abstract: Anterior screw fixation of Type II odontoid fractures provides immediate stabilization of the cervical spine while preserving C1-2 motion. This technique has a high fusion rate, but can be technically challenging. The authors identify key points that should be taken into account to maximize the chance for a favorable outcome. Keys to success include proper patient and fracture selection, identification of suitable screw entry point and correct screw trajectory, achieving bicortical purchase, and placing 2 screws when feasible and applicable. The authors review the operative technique and present guidance on appropriate patient selection and common pitfalls in anterior screw fixation, with strategies for avoiding complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA.
authors.forename: Marcus D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mazur
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mumert
authors.forename: Erica F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Bisson
authors.forename: Meic H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D001863:Bone Screws; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D009809:Odontoid Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011859:Radiography; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*