title: Oxidized LDL, LOX-1 and atherosclerosis.
abstract: An elevated level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol constitutes a major risk factor for genesis of atherosclerosis. Ox-LDL plays a more important role in the genesis and progression of atherosclerosis than the native LDL. Ox-LDL leads to endothelial dysfunction leading to expression of adhesion molecules and recruitment of monocyte in subendothelial space. Ox-LDL is taken up by macrophages via scavenger receptors, such as SR-A1, SR-A2 and LOX-1. Lately, LOX-1, a type II membrane protein receptor of ox-LDL, has gained much importance in relation to effects of ox-LDL on endothelial biology. Endothelial cells primarily express LOX-1 as receptor for ox-LDL and ox-LDL has been shown to upregulate expression of LOX-1. In addition, ox-LDL promotes the growth and migration of smooth muscle cells, monocytes/macrophages and fibroblasts. In this review we discuss the role of ox-LDL and LOX-1 in genesis and progression of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. sonamitra22@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Sona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Tanu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: Jawahar L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mehta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein