title: New hope for type 2 diabetics: targeting insulin resistance through the immune modulation of stem cells.
abstract: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide, highlighting the need for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for the prevention and cure of the condition. Mounting evidence points to the involvement of immune dysfunction in insulin resistance in T2D, suggesting that immune modulation may be a useful tool in treating the disease. Recent advances in the use of adult stem cells from human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow for immune modulation hold promise for overcoming immune dysfunction in T2D without many of the complications associated with traditional immunosuppressive therapies. This review focuses on recent progress in the use of immune modulation in T2D and discusses the potential for future therapies. New insights are provided on the use of cord blood-derived multipotent stem cells (CB-SC) in T2D.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. yongzhao@uic.edu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhaoshun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Chengshan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017710:Lymphocyte Transfusion; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones