title: Pulmonary toxicity of well-dispersed single-wall carbon nanotubes after inhalation.
abstract: Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were well-dispersed by ultrasonication to conduct an inhalation study. SWCNTs were generated using a pressurised nebuliser with liquid suspension of SWCNTs. Wistar rats were exposed to the well-dispersed SWCNT (diameter of bundle: 0.2 μm; length of bundle: 0.7 μm) for 4 weeks. The low and high mass concentrations of SWCNTs were 0.03 ± 0.003 and 0.13 ± 0.03 mg/m(3), respectively. The rats were sacrificed at 3 days, 1 month, and 3 months after the end of exposure. There were no increases of total cell or neutrophil counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), or the concentration of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant in the lungs or BALF in both the high and low concentration-exposed groups. Pulmonary infiltration of neutrophils was not observed in either exposed group throughout the observation period. Well-dispersed SWCNT did not induce neutrophil inflammation in the lung under the conditions in the present study.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan. yasuom@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogami
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyabu
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Myojo
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashiba
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizuguchi
authors.forename: Tatsunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kambara
authors.forename: Byeong Woo
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Etsushi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Wei-Ning
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Katsuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D010316:Particle Size; D010587:Phagocytosis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; C513297:Cxcl1 protein, rat; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase