title: Linking zinc and leptin in chronic kidney disease: future directions.
abstract: Anorexia is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with the development of malnutrition and an increased risk of mortality. Several compounds are linked to anorexia in these patients; however, the mechanisms are unknown. Zinc (Zn) deficiency is associated with decreased food intake and has been observed in CKD patients. In addition, leptin is an anorexigenic peptide, and patients with CKD present generally high levels of this hormone. Studies have suggested an association between Zn and leptin status in human and rats; however, the results are inconsistent. Some claimed that Zn supplementation does not change leptin release or that there is no significant relationship between Zn and leptin. Others have reported that Zn might be a mediator of leptin production. CKD patients have hyperleptinemia and hypozincemia, but the relationship between Zn deficiency and leptin levels in CKD patients has been poorly understood until now. The aim of this review is to integrate knowledge on leptin and Zn actions to provide a cohesive clinical perspective regarding their interactions in CKD patients.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biophysic Carlos Chagas Filho, Health Science Centre, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Julie Calixto
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lobo
authors.forename: Luciana Nicolau
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Aranha
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Luciana Catunda
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mafra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000855:Anorexia / Q000209:etiology; D004435:Eating; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology; D051381:Rats; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D015032:Zinc