title: Statistics of the envelope of ultrasonic backscatter from human trabecular bone.
abstract: The paper describes the investigations intended to compare the results of experimental measurements of backscattering properties of the trabecular bone with the results of computer simulations. Ultrasonic RF echoes were collected using two bone scanners operating at 0.58 and 1.3 MHz. The simulations of the backscattered RF echoes were performed using the scattering model of the trabecular bone that consisted of cylindrical and spherical elements uniformly distributed in water-like medium. For each measured or simulated RF backscatter the statistical properties of the signal envelope were determined. Experimental results suggest deviations of the backscattering properties from the Rayleigh distribution. The results of simulation suggest that deviation from Rayleigh distribution depends on the variation of trabeculae diameters and the number of thin trabeculae. Experimentally determined deviations corresponded well to the deviations calculated from simulated echoes assuming trabeculae thickness variation equaled to the earlier published histomorphometric study results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5b Str., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland. jlitn@ippt.gov.pl
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Litniewski
authors.forename: Lucyna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cieslik
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wojcik
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nowicki
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009038:Motion; D009716:Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013016:Sound; D014159:Transducers; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography