title: Sulfate reduction in groundwater: characterization and applications for remediation.
abstract: Sulfate is ubiquitous in groundwater, with both natural and anthropogenic sources. Sulfate reduction reactions play a significant role in mediating redox conditions and biogeochemical processes for subsurface systems. They also serve as the basis for innovative in situ methods for groundwater remediation. An overview of sulfate reduction in subsurface environments is provided, along with a brief discussion of characterization methods and applications for addressing acid mine drainage. We then focus on two innovative, in situ methods for remediating sulfate-contaminated groundwater, the use of zero-valent iron and the addition of electron-donor substrates. The advantages and limitations associated with the methods are discussed, with examples of prior applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, 429 Shantz Building #38, PO Box 210038, Tucson, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Brusseau
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carreón-Diazconti
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008906:Mining; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013431:Sulfates; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007501:Iron