title: Camptocormia in Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease: a multicenter study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence of camptocormia and the clinical characteristics of patients with camptocormia in a large population of PD patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although camptocormia has been recognized as a prominent phenomenon in PD, the previous epidemiological reports were limited, especially in terms of sample size.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 531 PD patients (disease duration: 7.0 ± 5.5 years, mean ± standard deviation). We examined their clinical features and the prevalence of camptocormia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Camptocormia was detected in 22 patients (4.1%) and found in patients who were older and had more severe motor symptoms and a higher levodopa (L-dopa) dose (P < 0.05), compared to the patients without camptocormia. Patients with camptocormia showed significantly higher frequencies of autonomic symptoms, such as constipation and urinary incontinence (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Camptocormia is uncommon in PD and is associated with disease severity, higher L-dopa dose and higher frequencies of autonomic symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Morinobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koto
authors.forename: Ban
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mihara
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isozumi
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nihei
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwasawa
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007980:Levodopa / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D009134:Muscular Atrophy, Spinal / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013121:Spinal Curvatures / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D007980:Levodopa