title: Surgical management of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome.
abstract: The initial management of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is medical measures to reduce intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). These, in combination with percutaneous drainage of peritoneal free fluid, may serve to reduce IAH. If these measures fail, surgical decompression of the abdomen  by laparotomy is necessary to control the IAP, search for and treat inciting factors, and reduce the hypertension. The abdomen is usually left open with temporary abdominal closure techniques. Surgical decompression of IAH associated with acute pancreatitis or secondary abdominal compartment  syndrome has other surgical options besides a complete celiotomy. Attention to detail in surgical technique and postoperative care is essential for optimal outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA. ranand@mcvh-vcu.edu.com
authors.forename: Rahul J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Rao R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Ivatury
mesh_terms: D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D059325:Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / Q000601:surgery*