title: HMGB1 regulates autophagy through increasing transcriptional activities of JNK and ERK in human myeloid leukemia cells.
abstract: HMGB1 is associated with human cancers and is an activator of autophagy which mediates chemotherapy resistance. We here show that the mRNA levels of HMGB1 are high in leukemia cells and it is involved in the progression of childhood chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). HMGB1 decreases the sensitivity of human myeloid leukemia cells K562 to anti-cancer drug induced death through up-regulating the autophagy pathway, which is confirmed by the observation with an increase in fusion of autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes. When overexpressing HMGB1, both mRNA levels of Beclin-1, VSP34 and UVRAG which are key genes involved in mammalian autophagy and protein levels of p-Bcl-2 and LC3-II are increased. Luciferase assays document that over-expression of HMGB1 increases the transcriptional activity of JNK and ERK, which may be silenced by siRNA. The results suggest that HMGB1 regulates JNK and ERK required for autophagy, which provides a potential drug target for therapeutic interventions in childhood CML.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
authors.forename: Mingyi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Minghua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Liangchun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Daolin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Wuzhou
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Xiushan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001343:Autophagy; D000071186:Beclin-1; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C491997:BECN1 protein, human; D000071186:Beclin-1; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C408122:UVRAG protein, human; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases