title: The association between short sleep duration and weight gain is dependent on disinhibited eating behavior in adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the relationship between short sleep duration and subsequent body weight gain is influenced by disinhibited eating behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six-year longitudinal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventy-six adults aged 21 to 64 years from the Quebec Family Study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body composition measurements, self-reported sleep duration, and disinhibition eating behavior trait (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire) were determined at both baseline and after 6 years. For each sleep-duration group (short- [≤6 h] average, [7-8 h], and long- [≥9 h] duration sleepers), differences in weight gain and waist circumference were tested by comparing the lowest (score ≤ 3) versus the highest (score ≥ 6) disinhibition eating behavior tertiles using analysis of covariance, with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Individuals having both short sleep duration and high disinhibition eating behavior were more likely to gain weight and increase their abdominal circumference over time (P<0.05); however, short-duration sleepers having a low disinhibition eating behavior trait were not more likely to increase their adiposity indicators than were average-duration sleepers. Over the 6-year follow-up period, the incidence of overweight/obesity for short-duration sleepers with a high disinhibition eating behavior trait was 2.5 times more frequent than for short-duration sleepers with a low disinhibition eating behavior trait. Energy intake was significantly higher in short-duration sleepers with a high disinhibition eating behavior trait (P<0.05 versus all other groups).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed that having a high disinhibition eating behavior trait significantly increased the risk of overeating and gaining weight in adults characterized by short sleep duration. This observation is novel and might explain the interindividual differences in weight gain associated with short sleep duration.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada. jpchaput@cheo.on.ca
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chaput
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult