title: Niaspan enhances vascular remodeling after stroke in type 1 diabetic rats.
abstract: We investigated the changes and the molecular mechanisms of cerebral vascular damage and tested the therapeutic effects of Niaspan in type-1 streptozotocin induced diabetic (T1DM) rats after stroke. T1DM-rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and treated without or with Niaspan. Non-streptozotocin rats (WT) were also subjected to MCAo. Functional outcome, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) leakage, brain hemorrhage, immunostaining, and rat brain microvascular endothelial cell (RBEC) culture were performed. Compared to WT-MCAo-rats, T1DM-MCAo-rats did not show an increase lesion volume, but exhibited significantly increased brain hemorrhage, BBB leakage and vascular damage as well as decreased functional outcome after stroke. Niaspan treatment of stroke in T1DM-MCAo-rats significantly attenuated BBB damage, promoted vascular remodeling and improved functional outcome after stroke. T1DM-MCAo-rats exhibited significantly increased Angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) expression, but decreased Ang1 expression in the ischemic brain compared to WT-MCAo-rats. Niaspan treatment attenuated Ang2, but increased Ang1 expression in the ischemic brain in T1DM-MCAo-rats. In vitro data show that the capillary-like tube formation in the WT-RBECs marginally increased compared to T1DM-RBEC. Niaspan and Ang1 treatment significantly increased tube formation compared to non-treatment control. Inhibition of Ang1 attenuated Niacin-induced tube formation in T1DM-RBECs. Niaspan treatment of stroke in T1DM-rats promotes vascular remodeling and improves functional outcome. The Ang1/Ang2 pathway may contribute to Niaspan induced brain plasticity. Niaspan warrants further investigation as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of stroke in diabetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chopp
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zacharek
authors.forename: Yisheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Amjad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shehadah
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Xinfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jieli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000803:Angiotensin I / Q000378:metabolism; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009525:Niacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009525:Niacin; D000803:Angiotensin I