title: Factor XIIIA transglutaminase expression and secretion by osteoblasts is regulated by extracellular matrix collagen and the MAP kinase signaling pathway.
abstract: Osteoblast differentiation is regulated by the presence of collagen type I (COL I) extracellular matrix (ECM). We have recently demonstrated that Factor XIIIA (FXIIIA) transglutaminase (TG) is required by osteoblasts for COL I secretion and extracellular deposition, and thus also for osteoblast differentiation. In this study we have further investigated the link between COL I and FXIIIA, and demonstrate that COL I matrix increases FXIIIA levels in osteoblast cultures and that FXIIIA is found as cellular (cFXIIIA) and extacellular matrix (ecmFXIIIA) forms. FXIIIA mRNA, protein expression, cellular localization and secretion were enhanced by ascorbic acid (AA) treatment and blocked by dihydroxyproline (DHP) which inhibits COL I externalization. FXIIIA mRNA was regulated by the MAP kinase pathway. Secretion of ecmFXIIIA, and its enzymatic activity in conditioned medium, were also decreased in osteoblasts treated with the lysyl oxidase inhibitor β-aminopropionitrile, which resulted in a loosely packed COL I matrix. Osteoblasts secrete a latent, inactive dimeric ecmFXIIIA form which is activated upon binding to the matrix. Monodansyl cadaverine labeling of TG substrates in the cultures revealed that incorporation of the label occurred at sites where fibronectin co-localized with COL I, indicating that ecmFXIIIA secretion could function to stabilize newly deposited matrix. Our results suggest that FXIIIA is an integral part of the COL I deposition machinery, and also that it is part of the ECM-feedback loop, both of which regulate matrix deposition and osteoblast differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Piercy-Kotb
authors.forename: Aisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mousa
authors.forename: Hadil F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Al-Jallad
authors.forename: Vamsee D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Myneni
authors.forename: Florencia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chicatun
authors.forename: Showan N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Nazhat
authors.forename: Mari T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kaartinen
mesh_terms: D000629:Aminopropionitrile / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D026122:Factor XIIIa / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D005353:Fibronectins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000629:Aminopropionitrile; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase; D026122:Factor XIIIa; D011503:Transglutaminases; D001205:Ascorbic Acid