title: Sustained decreases in risk exposure and youth problem behaviors after installation of the Communities That Care prevention system in a randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test whether the Communities That Care (CTC) prevention system reduced levels of risk and adolescent problem behaviors community-wide 6 years after installation of CTC and 1 year after study-provided resources ended.
  
  
  METHODS
  A community randomized trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four small towns in 7 states, matched within state, randomly assigned to control or intervention condition in 2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  A panel of 4407 fifth-grade students was surveyed annually through 10th grade from 2004 to 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  A coalition of community stakeholders received training and technical assistance to install CTC, used epidemiologic data to identify elevated risk factors and depressed protective factors in the community, and implemented programs to address their community's elevated risks from a menu of tested and effective programs for youths aged 10 to 14 years, their families, and schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of risk and incidence and prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use; delinquency; and violent behavior by grade 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean levels of targeted risks increased less rapidly between grades 5 and 10 in CTC than in control communities and were significantly lower in CTC than control communities in grade 10. The incidence of delinquent behavior, alcohol use, and cigarette use and the prevalence of current cigarette use and past-year delinquent and violent behavior were significantly lower in CTC than in control communities in grade 10.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the CTC system can produce enduring reductions in community-wide levels of risk factors and problem behaviors among adolescents beyond the years of supported implementation, potentially contributing to long-term public health benefits.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01088542.
authors.affiliation: Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98115, USA. jdh@uw.edu
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oesterle
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Kathryn C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Monahan
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Catalano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D016497:Adolescent Health Services; D002648:Child; D003153:Community Health Services; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000517:prevention & control; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015995:Prevalence; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control