title: Correlation between glioblastoma stem-like cells and tumor vascularization.
abstract: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal type of brain tumor. The             formation of abnormal, dysfunctional tumor vasculature and glioblastoma stem-like             cells (GSCs) are believed to be the major components of the inability to treat             these tumors effectively. We analyzed 70 glioblastoma samples by immunohistochemistry             and double immunofluorescence staining. The immunohistochemical expression of             the putative brain tumor stem cell markers CD133 and Nestin in paraffin sections             was analyzed using morphometry. In all GBM samples, CD133 or Nestin was expressed             in tumor and endothelial cells. Double immunofluorescence stainings showed that             the two different marked GSCs were found accumulated around the CD31+ blood vessels             and CD133/CD31 or Nestin/CD31 co-expression was found in the endothelial cells             and GSCs. Furthermore, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the endothelial             marker CD31 were co-expressed in GSCs. Therefore, GSCs not only showed distinct             perivascular distribution but were capable of differentiating into endothelial             cells. We demonstrate that GSCs contribute directly to the tumor vasculature by             endothelial cell differentiation. GSCs and tumor vascularization are closely related             to each other, not only in the regional distribution but also in biological function.             These findings describe a new mechanism for tumor vasculo-genesis and may provide             new insights for targeted therapy against brain tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230001, PR China.
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Chao Shi
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Ming Wu
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002648:Child; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D064231:Nestin; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; C577484:NES protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1