title: Relationship between effort sense and ventilatory response to intense exercise performed with reduced muscle glycogen.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of muscle glycogen reduction on surface electromyogram (EMG) activity and effort sense and ventilatory responses to intense exercise (IE). Eight subjects performed an IE test in which IE [100-105% of peak O(2) uptake ([Formula: see text]), 2 min] was repeated three times (IE(1st), IE(2nd) and IE(3rd)) at 100-120-min intervals. Each interval consisted of 20-min passive recovery, 40-min submaximal exercise at ventilatory threshold intensity (51.5 ± 2.7% of [Formula: see text]), and a further resting recovery for 40-60 min. Blood pH during IE and subsequent 20-min recovery was significantly higher in the IE(3rd) than in the IE(1st) (P < 0.05). Effort sense of legs during IE was significantly higher in the IE(3rd) than in the IE(1st) and IE(2nd). Integrated EMG (IEMG) measured in the vastus lateralis during IE was significantly lower in the IE(3rd) than in the IE(1st). In contrast, mean power frequency of the EMG was significantly higher in the IE(2nd) and the IE(3rd) than in the IE(1st). Ventilation ([Formula: see text]) in the IE(3rd) was significantly higher than that in the IE(1st) during IE and the first 60 s after the end of IE. These results suggest that ventilatory response to IE is independent of metabolic acidosis and at least partly associated with effort sense elicited by recruitment of type II fibers.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Education, Hokkaido University, Kita-11, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0811, Japan. yamanaka@edu.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yunoki
authors.forename: Takuma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arimitsu
authors.forename: Chang-Shun
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Afroundeh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roghayyeh
authors.forename: Ryouta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Tokuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D018656:Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006003:Glycogen