title: Abnormal thyroid function tests in children on ethionamide treatment.
abstract: Ethionamide (ETH) treatment may cause hypothyroidism. Clinical data, serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (fT4) levels were retrospectively assessed in 137 children receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment including ETH. Abnormal thyroid function tests (TFTs) were  recorded in 79 (58%) children: elevated serum TSH and suppressed fT4 (n = 30), isolated elevated serum TSH (n = 20), isolated low serum fT4 (n = 28) and isolated low TSH (n = 1). The risk for biochemical hypothyroidism was higher for  children on regimens including para-aminosalicylic acid and in human immunodeficiency virus infected children. TFT abnormalities are frequent in children on ETH and are mainly due to primary hypothyroidism or euthyroid sick syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Pneumonology and Immunology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. steffi.thee@googlemail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thee
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Zöllner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Willemse
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hesseling
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Magdorf
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Schaaf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005000:Ethionamide / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005067:Euthyroid Sick Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D010131:Aminosalicylic Acid; D013972:Thyrotropin; D005000:Ethionamide; D013974:Thyroxine