title: Microfold-cell targeted surface engineered polymeric nanoparticles for oral immunization.
abstract: Present work was envisaged to develop novel M-cell targeted polymeric particles that are capable of protecting the antigen from harsh gastric conditions. Ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA-1) lectin was anchored for selective delivery of antigen to gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). In the present investigation, chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation followed by antigen (bovine serum albumin, BSA) adsorption. Developed nanoparticles were further coated by UEA-1 lectin conjugated alginate and characterized for size, shape, zeta-potential, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro release. The immunological response of the developed system were performed in Balb/c mice and compared with aluminium hydroxide gel-based conventional vaccine. Results indicated that immunization with UEA-1 lectin conjugated alginate-coated particles induces efficient systemic as well as mucosal immune responses against BSA compared to other formulations. Aluminium-based vaccine dominated throughout the study, while failed in case of mucosal antibody. Additionally, IgG1 and IgG2a isotypes were determined to confirm the TH1/TH2 mixed immune response. The developed formulation exhibited superior systemic response along with dominating mucosal immunity. These data demonstrate the potential of UEA-alginate-coated nanoparticles as effective delivery system via oral route.
authors.affiliation: Nanomedicine Research Centre, Department of Pharmaceutics, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Basant
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Amit K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Markandeywar
authors.forename: Goutam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.forename: Foziyah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zakir
authors.forename: Suresh P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Vyas
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D060846:Cell Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055550:Protein Stability; D013499:Surface Properties; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D048271:Chitosan