title: SFE-CO2 extract from Typhonium giganteum Engl. tubers, induces apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells involvement of a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway.
abstract: Typhonium giganteum Engl. (BaiFuzi) is one of the herbs commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine against cancer. In our previous studies, 37 compounds were identified the SFE-CO(2) (supercritical fluid extraction with CO(2)) extract by GC-MS, including the four major components [β-sitosterol (40.22%), campesterol (18.45%), n-hexadecanoic acid (9.52%) and (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (8.15%)]. The anti-cancer mechanisms of the SFE-CO(2 )extract from T. giganteum Engl. tubers have not been reported as yet. In this paper, the molecular mechanisms of the SFE-CO(2) extract-mediated apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells were further examined. SFE-CO(2) extract inhibited the growth of SMMC-7721 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, arrested the cell cycle in the S phase and G2/M phase, and induced apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, a rise in intracellular calcium levels were found in SMMC-7721 cells after treated with the extract. Western blot analysis showed that the extract caused down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression, and up-regulation of Bax expression. Moreover, caspase-3 and caspase-9 protease activity significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our results showed that the SFE-CO(2) extract from T. giganteum Engl. tubers induces apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells involving a ROS-mediated mitochondrial signalling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China. li_qingyong@126.com
authors.forename: Qingyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chunfei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yuangang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Baoyou
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D029064:Araceae; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D002118:Calcium