title: Unconventional repertoire profile is imprinted during acute chikungunya infection for natural killer cells polarization toward cytotoxicity.
abstract: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a worldwide emerging pathogen. In humans it causes a syndrome characterized by high fever, polyarthritis, and in some cases lethal encephalitis. Growing evidence indicates that the innate immune response plays a role in controlling CHIKV infection. We show here that CHIKV induces major but transient modifications in NK-cell phenotype and function soon after the onset of acute infection. We report a transient clonal expansion of NK cells that coexpress CD94/NKG2C and inhibitory receptors for HLA-C1 alleles and are correlated with the viral load. Functional tests reveal cytolytic capacity driven by NK cells in the absence of exogenous signals and severely impaired IFN-γ production. Collectively these data provide insight into the role of this unique subset of NK cells in controlling CHIKV infection by subset-specific expansion in response to acute infection, followed by a contraction phase after viral clearance.
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR-S 945, Immunité et Infection, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petitdemange
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Becquart
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wauquier
authors.forename: Vivien
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Béziat
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Debré
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Leroy
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vieillard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D065632:Chikungunya Fever; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015236:HLA-C Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055654:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C / Q000276:immunology; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D / Q000276:immunology; D055607:Receptors, Natural Killer Cell / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D019002:CD56 Antigen; D015236:HLA-C Antigens; C527059:KLRC2 protein, human; C497869:KLRD1 protein, human; C522918:NCAM1 protein, human; D055654:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily C; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D055607:Receptors, Natural Killer Cell