title: Frogs and ponds: a multilevel analysis of the regulatory mode complementarity hypothesis.
abstract: Regulatory mode is a psychological construct pertaining to the self-regulatory orientation of individuals or teams engaged in goal pursuit. Locomotion, the desire for continuous progress or movement in goal pursuit, and assessment, the desire to critically evaluate and compare goals and means, are orthogonal regulatory modes. However, they are also complementary, in that both locomotion and assessment are necessary for effectual goal pursuit. In the present research, the authors sought to demonstrate that multilevel regulatory mode complementarity can positively affect individual-level performance on goal-relevant tasks. The authors recruited 289 employees (177 men, 112 women) from preexisting work teams in workplace organizations in Italy and obtained (a) employees' individual-level scores on the Regulatory Mode Scale and (b) supervisor ratings of each employee's work performance. The results supported the multilevel complementarity hypothesis for regulatory mode. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pierro
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Presaghi
authors.forename: E Tory
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: Kristen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Arie W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kruglanski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D055361:Multilevel Analysis; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*