title: Deep medullary vein involvement in neonates with brain damage: an MR imaging study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different and specific MR imaging patterns of lesions involving WM are widely defined in neonatal encephalopathy. The aim of this study was to describe a novel MR imaging pattern of damage characterized by the abnormal prominence of DMVs in premature and full-term neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one (11 premature and 10 full-term) neonates with MR imaging evidence of linear radially oriented fan-shaped lesions in the periventricular WM and without dural venous thrombosis were enrolled in this retrospective study. A total of 37 MR imaging examinations were performed at ages ranging from day 0 to 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the appearance of linear anomalies on T2-weighted images, we identified 2 main patterns: T2 hypointense lesions without WM cavitations and T2 hypointense lesions associated with linear cysts. The first pattern was found in 17 examinations performed between 0 and 44 days of life; the second pattern was found in another 14 examinations performed between 6 days and 4 months of life. Five examinations performed between 9 and 24 months of life showed a reduction in volume and hyperintense signal intensity of the periventricular WM on T2-weighted and FLAIR images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subtle linear WM lesions with the same anatomic distribution of DMVs may be evident in premature and full-term neonates without signs of major venous thrombosis, both in the acute and subacute phases. Their appearance and evolution suggest that transient DMV engorgement/thrombosis may be responsible for WM damage that can lead to a PVL-like pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital V. Buzzi-Instituti Clinic di Perfezionamento, Milan, Italy. filippo.arrigoni@bp.lnf.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arrigoni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parazzini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Righini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Doneda
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ramenghi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lista
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Triulzi
mesh_terms: D019588:Aging, Premature; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity