title: Partial inactivation of CCR5- and CXCR4- tropic HIV-1 by human urine.
abstract: Human urine has been poorly investigated with regard to infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Here, we have studied the anti-infective functional properties of human urine against HIV. The effect of fresh urine pools on CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 was evaluated by using four in vitro mucosal models: reduction of infectivity of urine-treated HIV-1 particles, HIV-1 attachment to immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (iMDDC), transfer of HIV-1 particles from iMDDC to autologous CD4 T cells, and HIV-1 transcytosis through epithelial cells. Human urine partially disrupted both CCR5- and CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 particles, moderately decreased the adsorption of HIV-1 on dendritic cells, and partially decreased the transfer of HIV-1 particles from dendritic cells to autologous T cells. These findings demonstrate partial inactivation of HIV infectivity and suggest that voiding urine after coitus could play a potential role in reducing the risk of HIV infection by both mechanically flushing out and neutralizing the infectivity of HIV-1 particles present in the genital tract.
authors.affiliation: Unité INSERM U, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Bertran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Auvert
authors.forename: Mohammad-Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jenabian
authors.forename: Héla
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saidi
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lissouba
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bélec
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000652:urine; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000652:urine* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000502:physiology*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000502:physiology*; D057900:Transcytosis; D038301:Virus Inactivation
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; C527276:CXCR4 protein, human; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4