title: Educational paper : retinal haemorrhages in abusive head trauma in children.
abstract: Retinal haemorrhages are an important component of the clinical effects of non-accidental head injuries which have significant visual morbidity. Their importance extends into the legal investigations of carers of children with subdural haemorrhages and encephalopathy who are suspected of having been non-accidentally injured. The vital precision in diagnosis relies not just on the presence of retinal haemorrhages but on the severity, extent, bilaterality and their location in the retina. Inadequate documentation of ophthalmological clinical findings and too short a follow-up to allow proper assessment of severity each give rise to difficulties for both expert witnesses and the courts.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30, Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK. dsit@btinternet.com
authors.forename: David S I
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000209:etiology*; D005104:Expert Testimony; D006801:Humans; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D006113:United Kingdom