title: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and heart defects: potential mechanisms for the observed associations.
abstract: Several epidemiological investigations have shown an association between congenital heart defects and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class of antidepressants. At first glance this association may not seem to make biological sense, especially since, in many cases, serotonin is thought of as a neurotransmitter involved in signaling between neurons. However, serotonin also acts as a signaling molecule during embryogenesis affecting cell proliferation, migration, death, and differentiation. Serotonin may be particularly important for heart development and evidence suggests that from the time that progenitor heart cells are patterned during the establishment of laterality, to formation of the outflow tract, to myocardial cell differentiation, to septation of the heart chambers, the neurotransmitter may act as an important signaling molecule. Thus, numerous investigations have identified potential target sites where serotonin could regulate key cellular processes in cardiac development, thereby providing biological plausibility for the origin of heart defects caused by SSRIs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, UT, United States. tsadler@3rivers.net
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Sadler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology; D004699:Endocardium / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D012701:Serotonin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors