title: Prevention of CCl(4)-induced oxidative damage in adrenal gland by Digera muricata extract in rat.
abstract: Digera muricata (L.) Mart. is a weed and commonly found in waste places, road sides and in maize fields during the summer season. It possesses antioxidant capacity and is locally used for various disorders such as inflammation, urination, as refrigerant, aperient and in sexual anomalies. In this study antioxidant potential of Digera muricata methanol extract (DMME) and n-hexane extract (DMHE) was evaluated against CCl(4)-induced oxidative stress in adrenal gland of Sprague-Dawley male rats. 42 rats were equally divided into 7 groups of 6 rats in each. Group I remained untreated, while Group II treated with vehicles. Group III received only CCl(4) (1 ml/kg b.w., 10% in olive oil) once a week for 16 weeks. Group IV and VI received DMME and DMHE at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. along with CCl(4). Animals of Group V and VII administered with DMME and DMHE alone at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. once a week for 16 weeks. Lipid peroxidation significantly increased while activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, GST, GSR and GSH-Px) were reduced in adrenal gland samples by the administration of CCl(4). Glutathione (GSH) concentration was significantly decreased whereas DNA fragmentation% and AgNORs count was increased in adrenal gland by CCl(4) administration. Treatment of rat by both the extracts (DMME, DMHE) and CCl(4) increased the glutathione level and activities of antioxidant enzymes while reduced the lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation percent and AgNORs count in adrenal gland. These results indicate that Digera muricata extract is able to ameliorate oxidative stress in adrenal gland induced by CCl(4) in rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. mrkhanqau@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Muhammad Rashid
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Tahira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Younus
mesh_terms: D000307:Adrenal Gland Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D027703:Amaranthaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006586:Hexanes / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D006586:Hexanes; D010936:Plant Extracts; C051963:nucleolar organizer region associated proteins; C026385:n-hexane; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D000432:Methanol