title: What is the evidence to use new intravenous AEDs in status epilepticus?
abstract: Current standard treatment of established status epilepticus after failure of benzodiazepines is intravenous phenytoin/fosphenytoin, phenobarbital, or valproate. Since 2006 two new antiseizure drugs have become available as intravenous formulation: levetiracetam (2006) and lacosamide (2008). Both drugs have been taken up very rapidly by the clinicians to treat acute seizures and status epilepticus, despite lack of evidence from randomized controlled trials. The favorable pharmacokinetic profile and the good tolerability, especially the lack of sedating effects of both drugs make them promising potential alternatives to the standard antiseizure drugs. Future randomized controlled trials are needed to inform clinicians better about the best choice of treatment in established status epilepticus. The experimental evidence as well as the current clinical experience with levetiracetam and lacosamide are summarized in this review.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Paracelsus Medical University, Ignaz Harrer Strasse 79, Salzburg, Austria. e.trinka@salk.at
authors.forename: Eugen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trinka
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular / Q000379:methods; D000078334:Lacosamide; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010889:Piracetam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D008074:Lipoproteins; C051928:lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D000078334:Lacosamide; D010889:Piracetam