title: Syndromic craniosynostosis in a modern-age skeleton from Siena, Italy.
abstract: The skeleton of a female adult found in archaeological excavations carried out in Siena (central Italy) and dated back to the modern age showed a severe skull malformation due to the premature bilateral closure of the coronal suture, which determined a deformed brachycephalic skull. This craniosynostosis was associated with other malformations, such as shallow orbits, hypertelorism, mandibular prognathism, and consequent malocclusion, but there was absence of anomalies in the remaining bones of the extremities. These features did not seem to be related to an isolated condition but to a more complex genetic syndrome, suggesting a possible case of Crouzon syndrome. Besides representing a rare finding in archaeological material, the present case provides the opportunity to observe in an adult subject lesions typical of this congenital disorder, which is at present surgically corrected in infantile age.
authors.affiliation: Division of Paleopathology, History of Medicine and Bioethics, Department of Oncology, Transplants and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. v.giuffra@med.unipi.it
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giuffra
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sbrana
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caramella
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giustini
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tixier
authors.forename: Gino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fornaciari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001106:Archaeology; D003394:Craniofacial Dysostosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D012886:Skull / Q000002:abnormalities*