title: Development and evaluation of new zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography stationary phases based on 3-P,P-diphenylphosphonium-propylsulfonate.
abstract: New zwitterionic stationary phases were synthesized by covalently bonding 3-P,P-diphenylphosphonium-propylsulfonate to silica gel. The resulting materials possess both a negatively charged sulfonate group and a positively charged quaternary phosphonium group, which means that there is no net charge over a wide pH range. The retention mechanism and chromatographic behavior of polar solutes under HILIC conditions were studied on these zwitterionic phases. Compared to the commercial ZIC-HILIC column and a bare silica gel stationary phase, the newly synthesized zwitterionic stationary phases provided greater retention, higher peak efficiency and better peak symmetry in the HILIC mode. The analytes examined included: β-blockers, nucleic acid bases and nucleosides, salicylic acid and its analogues, and water soluble vitamins. Factors, such as the type of organic modifiers, solvent composition, pH and the buffer concentration of the mobile phase, have been considered as potential variables for controlling the chromatographic retention of polar analytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
authors.forename: Haixiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Eranda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wanigasekara
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tran
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000032:analysis; D000476:Alkanesulfonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002021:Buffers; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000032:analysis; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010720:Phosphines / Q000737:chemistry*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D058428:Silica Gel / Q000737:chemistry; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000476:Alkanesulfonates; D002021:Buffers; D009705:Nucleosides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010720:Phosphines; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D014815:Vitamins; D058428:Silica Gel; D020156:Salicylic Acid