title: Folate, alcohol, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 polymorphism and the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Japanese.
abstract: Folate consumption is inversely associated with the risk of oral and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) and potentially interacts with alcohol drinking in the risk of OPC. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene polymorphism is known to interact with alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate potential interaction between folate, alcohol drinking, and ALDH2 polymorphism in the risk of OPC in a Japanese population. The study group comprised 409 head and neck cancer cases and 1227 age-matched and sex-matched noncancer controls; of these, 251 cases and 759 controls were evaluated for ALDH rs671 polymorphism. Associations were assessed by odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals in multiple logistic regression models. We observed an inverse association between folate consumption and OPC risk. The odds ratio for high folate intake was 0.53 (95% confidence interval: 0.36-0.77) relative to low intake (P trend=0.003). This association was consistent across strata of sex, age, smoking, and ALDH2 genotypes. Interaction between folate consumption, drinking, and ALDH2 genotype was remarkable (three-way interaction, P<0.001). We observed significant interaction among folate, drinking, and ALDH2 genotype in the Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicene, Nagoya, Japan. kmatsuo@aichi-cc.jp
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oze
authors.forename: Satoyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hosono
authors.forename: Hidemi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yatabe
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: La Vecchia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial