title: Delicate dances: immigrant workers' experiences of injury reporting and claim filing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Immigrants often come to Canada for the purpose of employment and make up a large proportion of our labour force. Yet, these workers' labour market experience may not always be positive - new immigrant workers can have difficulties finding a job in their field and may end up working in 'survival jobs' that expose them to workplace hazards. Workers who are new to Canada may not be familiar with legislation designed to protect them at work or with social programs that can help after a work-related injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through a series of in-depth interviews this study examined the experiences of new immigrants after they were injured on the job.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis revealed that many workers were in manual, 'survival jobs' and had not received job or occupational health and safety training. Many did not speak the English language well and knew little about their rights. While workers often felt trepidation about reporting their injury, most told a health care provider or employer that they were injured or in pain. This, however, rarely led to timely or appropriate claim filing. Workers were often discouraged from filing a claim, misinformed about their rights or offered 'time off work' in lieu of reporting the injury to worker's compensation. In instances where a claim was filed, communication problems were common and led to mistakes being made on forms and misunderstandings with the adjudicator and employer. Interpretation services were not always offered consistently or at the correct time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efforts must be made to systematically inform new immigrants of their health and safety rights, responsibilities and entitlements as they are entering the labour market. Systems must be put in place to ensure that immigrants can access the compensation system in the event of a work-related injury and that employers and healthcare providers fulfil their reporting responsibilities.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, ON, Canada. akosny@iwh.on.ca
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosny
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: MacEachen
authors.forename: Marni
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lifshen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Gul Joya
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Jafri
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neilson
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pugliese
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003144:Communication Barriers; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006806:Human Rights; D006801:Humans; D007344:Insurance Claim Reporting / Q000941:ethics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D060051:Occupational Injuries / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D014942:Workers' Compensation / Q000941:ethics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult