title: Holocellulase activity from Schizophyllum commune grown on bamboo: a comparison with different substrates.
abstract: The natural biodiversity that is found in tropical areas offers countless biotechnological opportunities; especially if we take in account that many biomolecules from several microorganisms have supported for many years, different industrial applications in areas such as pharmacology, agro-industry, bioprocess, environmental technology, and bioconversion. In order to find new lignocellulolytic enzymes and evaluate bamboo fibers as substrate, Schizophyllum commune a fungus with broad distribution was isolated and grown during 15 days in liquid culture medium containing 1% lignocellulosic fibers from bamboo, banana stem, and sugarcane bagasse. The enzymatic activity of xylanase, mannanase, polygalacturonase, CMCase, FPase, and avicelase were evaluated. Sugarcane bagasse and banana stem showed to induce higher hollocellulase activity when compared with bamboo as the main carbon source. The physical mechanism that the fungus uses to degrade bamboo was observed not only in fibers naturally infected but also in healthy fibers that were treated and untreated with enzyme solution. SEM analysis showed the structural disruption and invasion of the vascular bundles, parenchyma cells, and parenchymatous tissues as a consequence of the presence of this fungus and the catalytic action of its enzymes into the plant tissue.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasilia, Asa Norte 70910-900, Brazil. jwarboleda@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jorge William
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Arboleda Valencia
authors.forename: Arnubio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valencia Jiménez
authors.forename: Félix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gonçalves de Siqueira
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dussan Medina
authors.forename: Gloria M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Restrepo Franco
authors.forename: Edivaldo Ximenes Ferreira
authors.initials: EX
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.forename: Blair D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Siegfried
authors.forename: Maria Fatima
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Grossi-de-Sa
mesh_terms: D031723:Bambusa / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002480:Cellulase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012567:Schizophyllum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D002480:Cellulase