title: The aqueous extract of Angelica sinensis, a popular Chinese herb, inhibits wear debris-induced inflammatory osteolysis in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  More and more studies have shown Angelica sinensis' (AS) therapeutic action on chronic inflammatory diseases in recent years. We investigated effects of aqueous extract of AS on inflammatory cytokines release and wear debris particles-induced osteolysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) particles were used to induce inflammation in RAW264.7 cell and C57BL/J6 mice. AS extract was obtained through a series of purification steps, and divided into high dose group and low dose group during the research of cell culture, tissue culture, and animal treatment. After 72 h culture with optimal particles, supernatants were collected for cytokine analysis. Calvaria were harvested from the mice model after 10 d treatment with the AS extract. Six calvaria of each group were cultured into medium for 72 h for analyzing cytokine generated in vivo. Histologic analyses and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan were used to determine osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone resorption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentration of tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) was significantly attenuated by AS extract both in vitro and in vivo. The osteolysis area and the osteoclast numbers were decreased from 0.406 ± 0.0799 to 0.117 ± 0.0103 mm(2), and from 22.7 ± 5.0 to 11.3 ± 1.8, respectively (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the protection effects of AS extract was further confirmed with data of the more accurate 3-dimension micro-CT reconstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a potential resolution of inhibiting wear debris particles-induced inflammatory bone resorption, as well as a possible way of inhibiting aseptic loosening after joint replacement surgery.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hostpital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Chongfei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Lifeng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jinyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Qingsheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D029971:Angelica sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D011475:Prosthesis Failure / Q000009:adverse effects; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020959:Polyethylene