title: Paraptosis-like cell death induced by yessotoxin.
abstract: This study shows that BC3H1 myoblast cell lines exposed to 100 nM yessotoxin (YTX) undergo a form of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis and with features resembling paraptosis. Morphologically, cells treated with YTX reveal extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum swelling, uncondensed chromatin and cytoskeletal alterations. DNA electrophoresis evidences lack of DNA fragmentation and Western blotting analysis demonstrates activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase JNK/SAPK1. Further characterisation of this form of programmed cell death may have interest within medicine and cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., N-0033 Oslo, Norway. Monica.Suarez.Korsnes@nvh.no
authors.forename: Mónica Suárez
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Korsnes
authors.forename: Arild
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espenes
authors.forename: Dyveke Lem
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hetland
authors.forename: Lene C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Hermansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008978:Mollusk Venoms; D035964:Oxocins / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D003603:Cytotoxins; D008978:Mollusk Venoms; D035964:Oxocins; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; C066632:yessotoxin