title: Antinociceptive and antiplasmodial activities of cassane furanoditerpenes from Caesalpinia volkensii H. root bark.
abstract: The chloroform and ethyl acetate extract (100mg/kg) of Caesalpinia volkensii H. exhibited significant (P ≤ 0.05) antinociceptive activities using hot plate and writhing tests in mice while the later showed antiplasmodial activity (IC(50) 0.23 ± 0.07 and 4.39 ± 2.49 μg/ml) against chloroquine sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistant (W2), respectively. Two new furanoditerpenes [rel. 1β,5α-dihydroxyvoucapane (1) and rel. 1β,6β-dihydroxyvoucapane; 19β-methyl ester (2)] together with seven known compounds [voucapane (3), voucapan-5-ol (4), deoxycaesaldekarin C (5), caesaldekarin C (6), 5-hydroxyvinhaticoic acid (7), triacontanyl-(E)-ferulate (8), triacontanyl-(E)-caffaete (9) and 30'-hydroxytriacontanyl-(E)-ferulate (10)] were isolated from the two extracts. The administration of 3, 4, 5 and 6 (100mg/kg i.p) caused a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in the number of writhing episodes induced by acetic acid and (P ≤ 0.01) increased pain latency threshold in hot-plate test compared to control. However, the pure compounds indicated relatively (P ≤ 0.05) low antiplasmodial activity. The phytochemical constituents from the root bark of C. volkensii had better analgesic properties than antimalarial properties, justifying the use of the plant root bark as a remedy for pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, Private Bag, 40105, Maseno, Kenya. otieno.charles9@gmail.com
authors.forename: Charles O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Ochieng'
authors.forename: P Okinda
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Owuor
authors.forename: Lawrence A O
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mang'uro
authors.forename: Hosea
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akala
authors.forename: Ismail O
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Ishola
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029911:Caesalpinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000962:Antimalarials; D004224:Diterpenes