title: Antioxidant and inflammatory aspects of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A₂ (Lp-PLA₂): a review.
abstract: The association of cardiovascular events with Lp-PLA2 has been studied continuously today. The enzyme has been strongly associated with several cardiovascular risk markers and events. Its discovery was directly related to the hydrolysis of the platelet-activating factor and oxidized phospholipids, which are considered protective functions. However, the hydrolysis of bioactive lipids generates lysophospholipids, compounds that have a pro-inflammatory function. Therefore, the evaluation of the distribution of Lp-PLA2 in the lipid fractions emphasized the dual role of the enzyme in the inflammatory process, since the HDL-Lp-PLA2 enzyme contributes to the reduction of atherosclerosis, while LDL-Lp-PLA2 stimulates this process. Recently, it has been verified that diet components and drugs can influence the enzyme activity and concentration. Thus, the effects of these treatments on Lp-PLA2 may represent a new kind of prevention of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the association of the enzyme with the traditional assessment of cardiovascular risk may help to predict more accurately these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isis T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Ana P Q
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.forename: Nágila R T
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Damasceno
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008246:Lysophospholipids; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase