title: Neural circuits underlying the generation of theta oscillations.
abstract: Theta oscillations represent the neural network configuration underlying active awake behavior and paradoxical sleep. This major EEG pattern has been extensively studied, from physiological to anatomical levels, for more than half a century. Nevertheless the cellular and network mechanisms accountable for the theta generation are still not fully understood. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the circuitry involved in the generation of theta oscillations, from the hippocampus to extra hippocampal structures such as septal complex, entorhinal cortex and pedunculopontine tegmentum, a main trigger of theta state through direct and indirect projections to the septal complex. We conclude with a short overview of the perspectives offered by technical advances for deciphering more precisely the different neural components underlying the emergence of theta oscillations.
authors.affiliation: Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, CNRS and Université Bordeaux 1 & 2, Avenue des Facultés, Bat B2, Talence, France. pignatelli.michele@gmail.com
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pignatelli
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beyeler
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Leinekugel
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D018728:Entorhinal Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D020644:Midline Thalamic Nuclei / Q000502:physiology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D012686:Septal Nuclei / Q000502:physiology; D013826:Theta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology