title: Targeted therapies for breast cancer.
abstract: In recent years the description of well-defined molecular subtypes of breast cancer, together with the identification of the driving genetic alterations and signaling pathways, has led to the clinical development of a number of successful molecular targeted agents. This is best exemplified in the subset of HER2-amplified breast cancers, in which an increasing number of active agents are changing the natural history of this aggressive disease. Other targets are under exploration, and the clinical development of these agents will require a change from the current large, randomized trials in unselected patient populations to smaller trials in groups with a molecularly defined tumor type. In addition, combinatorial approaches that act on the secondary mutations and/or compensatory pathways in resistant tumors may markedly improve on the effects of targeted agents used alone.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology and Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Michaela J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baselga
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D009154:Mutation; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human