title: Effects of tobacco-related media campaigns on smoking among 20-30-year-old adults: longitudinal data from the USA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Young adults in the USA have one of the highest smoking prevalence rates of any age group, and young adulthood is a critical time period of targeting by the tobacco industry. The authors examined relationships between potential exposure to tobacco-related media campaigns from a variety of sponsors and 2-year smoking change measures among a longitudinal sample of US adults aged 20-30 years from 2001 to 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-report data were collected from a longitudinal sample of 12,931 US young adults from age 20 to 30. These data were merged with tobacco-related advertising exposure data from Nielsen Media Research. Two-year measures of change in smoking were regressed on advertising exposures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two-year smoking uptake was unrelated to advertising exposure. The odds of quitting among all smokers and reduction among daily smokers in the 2 years between the prior and current survey were positively related to anti-tobacco advertising, especially potential exposure levels of 104-155 ads over the past 24 months. Tobacco company advertising (including corporate image and anti-smoking) and pharmaceutical industry advertising were unrelated to quitting or reduction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continued support for sustained, public health-based well-funded anti-tobacco media campaigns may help reduce tobacco use among young adults.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106-1248, USA. yterry@umich.edu
authors.forename: Yvonne M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Terry-McElrath
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.forename: Melanie A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wakefield
authors.forename: Patrick M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: O'Malley
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szczypka
authors.forename: Lloyd D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000329:Advertising; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D057566:Self Report; D012907:Smoking; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019460:Tobacco Industry; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult