title: Integrative cases for preclinical medical students: connecting clinical, basic science, and public health approaches.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Healthcare and public health systems are each transforming, resulting in a need for better integration between clinical and population-based approaches to improve the health of populations. These changes also demand substantial transformations in the curriculum for medical students. Integrative Cases were designed for all first- and second-year medical students to provide them with more awareness, knowledge, and skills in integrating public health into clinical medicine. Each case examines basic science factors, clinical approaches, and public health determinants, including risk factors and direct and indirect contributing factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of Integrative Cases in the medical student curriculum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Integrative Cases were formatively evaluated using standardized online post-event questionnaires emailed to students after each case. The questionnaires focused on goals specific to each case, ratings of particular sessions and facilitators, general impressions of the case, and student suggestions for improvement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Student evaluations indicate that Integrative Cases achieved their goals, especially providing experiences that offer a more expansive view of medicine and public health, stimulating interest and questions that anticipate future learning and making connections across basic science, medicine, and health. Students also indicated that these cases added to their understanding of public health issues and how to apply what they had learned to patient care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Integrative Cases demonstrate the effectiveness of a comprehensive approach that integrates clinical medicine with basic science and public health perspectives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Academic Affairs, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
authors.forename: Renie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schapiro
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Stickford-Becker
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foertsch
authors.forename: Patrick L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Remington
authors.forename: Christine S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Seibert
mesh_terms: D003479:Curriculum; D019033:Delivery of Health Care, Integrated / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000639:trends; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000639:trends; D004521:Educational Measurement; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D005791:Patient Care / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D011634:Public Health / Q000193:education* / Q000639:trends; D015980:Public Health Practice; D013337:Students, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires