title: 2-Heptyl-4-quinolone, a precursor of the Pseudomonas quinolone signal molecule, modulates swarming motility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen capable of group behaviors, including biofilm formation and swarming motility. These group behaviors are regulated by both the intracellular signaling molecule c-di-GMP and acylhomoserine lactone quorum-sensing systems. Here, we show that the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) system also contributes to the regulation of swarming motility. Specifically, our data indicate that 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ), a precursor of PQS, likely induces the production of the phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), which in turn acts via an as-yet-unknown downstream mechanism to repress swarming motility. We show that this HHQ- and PCA-dependent swarming repression is apparently independent of changes in global levels of c-di-GMP, suggesting complex regulation of this group behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
authors.forename: Dae-Gon
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Judith H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Merritt
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hampton
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hodgkinson
authors.forename: Matej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Janecek
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Spring
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: O'Toole
mesh_terms: D042462:4-Quinolones / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D053038:Quorum Sensing; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C528166:2-heptyl-4-quinolone; D042462:4-Quinolones; D001426:Bacterial Proteins