title: The reporting of previous lifestyle counseling by persons at high risk of Type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess (i) whether the reporting of counseling previously received is associated with high-risk individuals' agreement to participate in lifestyle intervention, (ii) whether the reporting of previous counseling differed within such a high-risk group, and (iii) the associations between lifestyles and previous lifestyle counseling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data were drawn from 10149 adults at high risk of Type 2 diabetes, who were participating in a Finnish national diabetes prevention project (FIN-D2D). Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In relation to the reporting of previous counseling, no difference was found between persons who had agreed and persons who had not agreed to participate in the lifestyle intervention. Persons who were more educated or who had dyslipidemia or diabetes were more likely than the others to report previous counseling. A generally healthy lifestyle, or certain health behaviors (being a non-smoker or eating large amounts of fruit and vegetables) may make the reporting of previous counseling more likely.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results raise questions about the amount and quality of the previously received lifestyle counseling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for sustainable lifestyle counseling structures, within vigorously implemented diabetes prevention projects, if long-lasting lifestyle changes are to be achieved.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Health Promotion, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland. sanna.m.salmela@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sanna M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Salmela
authors.forename: Kati
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vähäsarja
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villberg
authors.forename: Mauno
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanhala
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saaristo
authors.forename: Jaana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oksa
authors.forename: Eeva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Korpi-Hyövälti
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niskanen
authors.forename: Sirkka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poskiparta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003376:Counseling; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors