title: Accelerating the domestication of trees using genomic selection: accuracy of prediction models across ages and environments.
abstract: • Genomic selection is increasingly considered vital to accelerate genetic improvement. However, it is unknown how accurate genomic selection prediction models remain when used across environments and ages. This knowledge is critical for breeders to apply this strategy in genetic improvement. • Here, we evaluated the utility of genomic selection in a Pinus taeda population of c. 800 individuals clonally replicated and grown on four sites, and genotyped for 4825 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Prediction models were estimated for diameter and height at multiple ages using genomic random regression best linear unbiased predictor (BLUP). • Accuracies of prediction models ranged from 0.65 to 0.75 for diameter, and 0.63 to 0.74 for height. The selection efficiency per unit time was estimated as 53-112% higher using genomic selection compared with phenotypic selection, assuming a reduction of 50% in the breeding cycle. Accuracies remained high across environments as long as they were used within the same breeding zone. However, models generated at early ages did not perform well to predict phenotypes at age 6 yr. • These results demonstrate the feasibility and remarkable gain that can be achieved by incorporating genomic selection in breeding programs, as long as models are used at the relevant selection age and within the breeding zone in which they were estimated.
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.|School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: M F R
authors.initials: MFR
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.affiliation: Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Florida, PO Box 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.|School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.affiliation: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.affiliation: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.|University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.affiliation: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.|University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.affiliation: Plant Genetics Laboratory, Embrapa - Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, Brasília, DF 70770-970, Brazil.|Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Universidade Católica de Brasília-SGAN 916 modulo B, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grattapaglia
authors.affiliation: EMBRAPA Forestry, Estrada da Ribeira, km 111 Caixa Postal 319, Colombo, PR 83411-000 Brazil.|Department of Forest Engineering, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36571-000 Brazil.
authors.forename: M D V
authors.initials: MDV
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.affiliation: School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, PO Box 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.|University of Florida Genetics Institute, University of Florida, PO Box 103610, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirst
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D004777:Environment; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D040582:Inheritance Patterns / Q000235:genetics; D016014:Linear Models; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D028223:Pinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D019655:Quantitative Trait, Heritable; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013997:Time Factors; D014197:Trees / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*