title: Relationship between adipose maturity and fatty acid composition in various adipose tissues of Japanese Black, Holstein and Crossbred (F1) steers.
abstract: The amount of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) is intimately related to adipose softness, melting point (MP) and flavor in beef. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a main gene involved in MUFA synthesis. Mature adipose tends to be highly saturated, whereas immature or maturing adipose is highly unsaturated when chronologically based, so the degree of non-saturation can be an index of adipose maturity. In this study, three different adipose tissues (coelomic (CL), perirenal (PR), and subcutaneous (SC)) from three beef breeds with differing slaughter ages (Japanese Black (29.5 months), Holstein (20.1 month), and F1 crossbreed (25.6 months)) were examined to: (i) determine adipose maturity level as indexed by MUFA %; and (ii) determine SCD and other lipogenic gene messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels in relation to unsaturated fatty acid content. Fatty acid composition was significantly different between adipose tissues (P < 0.05). MUFA amount was high in the following order: SC > CL > PR. This pattern corresponded to SCD mRNA expression profile showing higher expression in SC than CL and PR. However, Japanese black cattle are an exception with CL adipose containing similar UFA % as SC adipose, yet having the lowest SCD mRNA expression level among all adipose tissues tested. Therefore, SCD mRNA expression and MUFA % appear to be directly related; however, differences in SCD mRNA expression among three adipose tissues may reflect differences in the fat development characteristics affected by chronological age of the cattle breeds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ju-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Jin-Suk
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nade
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D044366:Transition Temperature
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase