title: How can we improve clinical trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?
abstract: Since the approval of riluzole for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 17 years ago, more than 30 large clinical trials have been conducted, but none has proved successful. The failure to translate positive preclinical results into the clinical setting raises questions about the validity of the rodent model that is used to study ALS, and about the quality of both preclinical and clinical studies. However, the greatest challenge is the disease itself as, with rare exceptions, the causes are unknown. In this Perspectives article, we highlight key issues related to the pathophysiology, preclinical studies and clinical trials that should be addressed in the future. These areas include the relationships between different disease mechanisms, the challenges presented by the heterogeneity of the disease, and the need for early intervention, optimal dose selection and effective biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de la Salpétrière, 47 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meininger
mesh_terms: D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents