title: Fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli in intestinal flora of patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy--should we reassess our practices for antibiotic prophylaxis?
abstract: Although the estimate of the incidence of sepsis following transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUSPB) is low, fluoroquinolone-resistant infections after prostate biopsy are being increasingly noted. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of faecal carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli strains before TRUSPB and at evaluating potential predisposing risk factors. The incidence of sepsis after prostate biopsy was determined, and our routine practice for antibiotic prophylaxis for TRUSPB was evaluated. A prospective study was conducted in 342 consecutive patients undergoing prostate biopsy between December 2009 and July 2010. Before TRUSPB, a rectal swab was cultured. The correlation between the presence of fluoroquinolone-resistant strains and plausible risk factors was investigated by the use of a questionnaire. Of the 236 patients included, 22.0% (52/236) harboured ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli strains. The use of fluoroquinolones in the 6 months before biopsy was associated with an increased risk of faecal carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli strains (p <0.01). Faecal carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli strains was an important risk factor for infectious complications after TRUSPB (p <0.01). In conclusion, a significant number of patients have faecal carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli strains (22.0%) before TRUSPB. The use of fluoroquinolones in the previous 6 months before biopsy is a risk factor for faecal carriage of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli strains and for infectious complications after TRUSPB. Hence, the universal administration of fluoroquinolones should be reconsidered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine--Microbiology, Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. deborah.steensels@uzleuven.be
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steensels
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slabbaert
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Wever
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vermeersch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Poppel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Verhaegen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012007:Rectum / Q000382:microbiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones