title: Fluorinert, an oxygen carrier, improves cell culture performance in deep square 96-well plates by facilitating oxygen transfer.
abstract: In bioprocess development, the 96-well plate format has been widely used for high-throughput screening of production cell line or culture conditions. However, suspension cell cultures in conventional 96-well plates often fail to reach high cell density under normal agitation presumably due to constraints in oxygen transfer. Although more vigorous agitation can improve gas transfer in 96-well plate format, it often requires specialized instruments. In this report, we employed Fluorinert, a biologically inert perfluorocarbon, to improve oxygen transfer in 96-well plate and to enable the growth of a Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line expressing a recombinant monoclonal antibody. When different amounts of Fluorinert were added to the cell culture medium, a dose-dependent improvement in cell growth was observed in both conventional and deep square 96-well plates. When sufficient Fluorinert was present in the culture, the cell growth rate, the peak cell density, and recombinant protein production levels achieved in deep square 96-wells were comparable to cultures in ventilated shake flasks. Although Fluorinert is known to dissolve gases such as oxygen and CO(2), it does not dissolve nor extract medium components, such as glucose, lactate, or amino acids. We conclude that mixing Fluorinert with culture media is a suitable model for miniaturization of cell line development and process optimization. Proper cell growth and cellular productivity can be obtained with a standard shaker without the need for any additional aeration or vigorous agitation.
authors.affiliation: Protein Expression Technologies, Biotechnology Process Development, Merck Research Laboratories, 1011 Morris Avenue, Union, NJ 07083, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Russell G G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Condon
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.forename: Nikita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jhaveri
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yung-Shyeng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tsao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors; D016466:CHO Cells; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003470:Culture Media; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008904:Miniaturization / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C429307:fluorocarbon 77; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen