title: Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells: cytokines and factors.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are defined as undifferentiated cells that are capable of self renewal and differentiation into several cell types such as chondrocyte, adipocyte, osteocyte, myocyte, hepatocyte, and neuron-like cells. MSC can be isolated from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, adipose tissue, placenta, periosteum, trabecular bone, synovium, skeletal muscle, and deciduous teeth. Immunomodulatory of MSCs is one of the important issues nowadays, because this aspect can be clinically applied for graft-versus-host and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we tried to discuss in detail about cytokines and factors such as members of the transforming growth factor superfamily (transforming growth factor-β), hepatic growth factors (HGF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), IL-10, indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), nitric oxide (NO), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) that are involved in immunomodulatory of MSCs.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, India. ehsan.soleymaninejadian@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soleymaninejadian
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pramanik
authors.forename: Esmaeil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samadian
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D059951:HLA-G Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D056747:Immunomodulation; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D015232:Dinoprostone