title: The glossyhead1 allele of ACC1 reveals a principal role for multidomain acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase in the biosynthesis of cuticular waxes by Arabidopsis.
abstract: A novel mutant of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), having highly glossy inflorescence stems, postgenital fusion in floral organs, and reduced fertility, was isolated from an ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized population and designated glossyhead1 (gsd1). The gsd1 locus was mapped to chromosome 1, and the causal gene was identified as a new allele of Acetyl-Coenzyme A Carboxylase1 (ACC1), a gene encoding the main enzyme in cytosolic malonyl-coenzyme A synthesis. This, to our knowledge, is the first mutant allele of ACC1 that does not cause lethality at the seed or early germination stage, allowing for the first time a detailed analysis of ACC1 function in mature tissues. Broad lipid profiling of mature gsd1 organs revealed a primary role for ACC1 in the biosynthesis of the very-long-chain fatty acids (C(20:0) or longer) associated with cuticular waxes and triacylglycerols. Unexpectedly, transcriptome analysis revealed that gsd1 has limited impact on any lipid metabolic networks but instead has a large effect on environmental stress-responsive pathways, especially senescence and ethylene synthesis determinants, indicating a possible role for the cytosolic malonyl-coenzyme A-derived lipids in stress response signaling.
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Stress Genomics and Technology, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Shiyou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Huayan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Eugene P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: Changcheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Dylan K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kosma
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Daiyin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lohrey
authors.forename: Dhinoth K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Bangarusamy
authors.forename: Guangchao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ray A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bressan
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jenks
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D008055:Lipids; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics; D010539:Permeability; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics; D014885:Waxes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018744:DNA, Plant; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D014885:Waxes; C065875:suberin; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase