title: Analyses related to the development of DSM-5 criteria for substance use related disorders: 3. An assessment of Pathological Gambling criteria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The DSM-5 Substance-Related Disorders Work Group proposed to include Pathological Gambling within the current Substance-Related Disorders section. The objective of the current report was to assess four possible sets of diagnostic criteria for Pathological Gambling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gamblers (N=161) were defined as either Pathological or Non-Pathological according to four classification methods. (a) Option 1: the current DSM-IV criteria for Pathological Gambling; (b) Option 2: dropping the "Illegal Acts" criterion, while keeping the threshold at 5 required criteria endorsed; (c) Option 3: the proposed DSM-5 approach, i.e., deleting "Illegal Acts" and lowering the threshold of required criteria from 5 to 4; (d) Option 4: to use a set of Pathological Gambling criteria modeled on the DSM-IV Substance Dependence criteria. Cronbach's alpha and eigenvalues were calculated for reliability, Phi, discriminant function analyses, correlations and multivariate regression models were performed for validity and kappa coefficients were calculated for diagnostic consistency of each option.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All criteria sets were reliable and valid. Some criteria had higher discriminant properties than others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed DSM-5 criteria in Options 2 and 3 performed well and did not appear to alter the meanings of the diagnoses of Pathological Gambling from DSM-IV. Future work should further explore if Pathological Gambling might be assessed using the same criteria as those used for Substance Use Disorders.
authors.affiliation: Addiction Psychiatry (Laboratoire de psychiatrie-CNRS USR 3413 SANPsy), Université Bordeaux Segalen, 121 rue de la Béchade, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.forename: Mélina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fatséas
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Auriacombe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000175:diagnosis*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires