title: Cytokine mapping in cerebrospinal fluid and blood in multiple sclerosis patients without oligoclonal bands.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since there are clinical and genetic differences between MS patients with intrathecal oligoclonal bands (OCB+) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared with those without (OCB-), the aim was to find out if OCB- patients showed a different pattern of cytokine immune activation compared with OCB+ patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 25 MS patients (10 OCB- and 15 OCB+) and 13 controls. A panel of cytokines was measured; IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL8, IL-10, TNF and GM-CSF in serum, CSF and in supernatants from polyclonally stimulated blood mononuclear cells, where also levels of IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17 and IFN-γ were measured. The concentrations of soluble (s) VCAM-1 and sCD14 were measured in serum and CSF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In general, there were no extensive differences in cytokine concentrations between the OCB- and OCB+ groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OCB- MS patients do not seem to constitute a separate entity concerning inflammatory parameters measured as cytokine concentrations in CSF and blood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. magnus.vrethem@lio.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vrethem
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kvarnström
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stenstam
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cassel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Landtblom
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ernerudh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D043025:Oligoclonal Bands / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013548:Sweden; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D043025:Oligoclonal Bands