title: Positive and negative appraisals of the consequences of activated states uniquely relate to symptoms of hypomania and depression.
abstract: Individuals may appraise internal states positively or negatively. Positive appraisals involve desiring or pursuing the state or experience, while negative appraisals involve dreading or avoiding the experience. The extent to which individuals make extreme positive or negative appraisals of high, activated, energetic states might determine whether they experience symptoms of high or low mood. This study extends the existing literature by considering the role of opposing appraisals and beliefs about the same internal states and by controlling for the potential correlation between depression and activation symptoms. Extreme, positive and negative appraisals of activated mood states related distinctly to experiences of activation and depression symptoms respectively, in an analogue sample (n=323). Positive appraisals of activated internal states were uniquely associated with elevated activation and hypomania symptoms. Negative appraisals of the same states were uniquely associated with elevated depression symptoms. Opposing appraisals of internal states may underlie mood swing symptoms.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. Rebecca.E.Kelly@Manchester.ac.uk
authors.forename: Rebecca E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mansell
authors.forename: Vaneeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sadhnani
authors.forename: Alex M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data