title: Pyridostigmine bromide protection against acetylcholinesterase inhibition by pesticides.
abstract: Pyridostigmine bromide (PB) has been used to protect soldiers from the toxic effects of soman, a chemical warfare agent. Recent research shows that pyridostigmine bromide protects a significant percentage of acetylcholinesterase in isolated human intercostal muscle. Findings presented here indicate that red blood cell acetylcholinesterase is similarly protected by pyridostigmine bromide from the action of diisopropyl fluorophosphate and several organophosphate pesticides including chlorpyrifos-oxon, diazinon-oxon, and paraoxon, but not malaoxon, using the bovine red blood cell as a subject. These findings suggest that pretreatment with PB may protect growers, farmworkers, first responders, and the public, in general, from the effects of selected pesticides.
authors.affiliation: Animal Science Department, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Glucksman
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tigyi
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ankirskaia
authors.forename: Imteaz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Siddique
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Ed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: DePeters
authors.forename: Barry W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008294:Malathion / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000633:toxicity*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D020011:Protective Agents; C100082:malaoxon; C009618:O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphate; C000912:diazoxon; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D011729:Pyridostigmine Bromide; D010261:Paraoxon; D008294:Malathion