title: Targeting the RAS pathway in melanoma.
abstract: Metastatic melanoma is a highly lethal type of skin cancer and is often refractory to all traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Key insights into the genetic makeup of melanoma tumors have led to the development of promising targeted agents. An activated RAS pathway, anchored by oncogenic BRAF, appears to be the central motor driving melanoma proliferation. Although recent clinical trials have brought enormous hope to patients with melanoma, adverse effects and novel escape mechanisms of these inhibitors have already emerged. Definition of the limits of the first successful targeted therapies will provide the basis for further advances in management of disseminated melanoma. In this review, the current state of targeted therapy for melanoma is discussed, including the potent BRAF(V600E) inhibitor vemurafenib.
authors.affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Zhenyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Keith T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Flaherty
authors.forename: Hensin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsao
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)