title: Regulatory immune responses induced by IL-1 receptor antagonist in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Anakinra, a human recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, is approved for the treatment of RA. In this study, 12 patients received the placebo plus MTX treatment, 38 patients received Anakinra combined with MTX treatment. Compared with the placebo plus MTX group, serum levels of IL-17, IFN-γ, IL-21 and IL-1β significantly decreased, the percentages of Th17 cells and Th1 cells were lower and the percentage of Treg cells was higher after receiving Anakinra combined with MTX treatment. The observed regulatory immune responses collectively correlated with clinical improvement in treated patients. A substantial response, ACR 20 at 24 w were consistent with those at 12 w, 16 w and 20 w, and was accompanied by a marked improvement in RA related laboratory parameters. The study reveals that the combination of Anakinra and MTX is safe and well tolerated, which induces regulatory immune responses and significantly provides greater clinical benefit than the placebo plus MTX group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai institute of Immunology, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Dongyi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Shaohua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Weiyi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yebin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Changyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jingwu Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Guangjie
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D002469:Cell Separation; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000098546:Interleukin-21
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D007378:Interleukins; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000098546:Interleukin-21; D008727:Methotrexate