title: Hydrothermal calcium modification of 316L stainless steel and its apatite forming ability in simulated body fluid.
abstract: To understand the feasibility of calcium (Ca) modification of type 316L stainless steel (316L SS) surface using hydrothermal treatment, 316L SS plates were treated hydrothermally in calcium chloride (CaCl(2)) solution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis revealed that the surface of 316L SS plate was modified with Ca after hydrothermal treatment at 200°C. And the immobilized Ca increased with CaCl(2) concentration. However no Ca-modification was occurred for 316L SS plates treated at 100°C. When Ca-modified 316L SS plate was immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) with ion concentrations nearly equal to those of human blood plasma, low crystalline apatite was precipitated on its surface whereas no precipitate was observed on non Ca-modified 316L SS. The results obtained in the present study indicated that hydrothermal treatment at 200°C in CaCl(2) solution is useful for Ca-modification of 316L SS, and Ca-modification plays important role for apatite precipitation in SBF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valanezahad
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuru
authors.forename: Michito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maruta
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuya
mesh_terms: D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D003460:Crystallization; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D010949:Plasma; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D044366:Transition Temperature; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D013193:Stainless Steel; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D002118:Calcium