title: Mammalian O-mannosylation: unsolved questions of structure/function.
abstract: Post-translational modification of polypeptides with glycans increases the diversity of the structures of proteins and imparts increased functional diversity. Here, we review the current literature on a relatively new O-glycosylation pathway, the mammalian O-mannosylation pathway. The importance of O-mannosylation is illustrated by the fact that O-mannose glycan structures play roles in a variety of processes including viral entry into cells, metastasis, cell adhesion, and neuronal development. Furthermore, mutations in the enzymes of this pathway are causal for a variety of congenital muscular dystrophies. Here we highlight the protein substrates, glycan structures, and enzymes involved in O-mannosylation as well as our gaps in understanding structure/function relationships in this biosynthetic pathway.
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Athens, GA, United States.
authors.forename: Stephanie H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Stalnaker
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: Lance
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities; D049030:Dystroglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D008358:Mannose / Q000378:metabolism*; D008364:Mannosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D009154:Mutation; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D016189:Dystrophin; C113587:FKTN protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D049030:Dystroglycans; D008364:Mannosyltransferases; C033143:glycolipid 3-alpha-mannosyltransferase; D008358:Mannose