title: Evaluation of porcine mesenchymal stem cells for therapeutic use in             human liver cancer.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is suggested for therapy of             end-stage liver disease, due to e.g. liver cancer and metastasis. Liver transplantation             is the only therapeutic option so far but donor organs are short. Also, the availability             of allogeneic human MSCs for liver regeneration is limited. Therefore, we evaluated             the suitability of porcine bone marrow MSCs from semi-adult pigs and found that             morphology, surface expression pattern and multilineage differentiation are similar             to those of human MSCs. Porcine MSCs differentiated to a hepatocyte-like phenotype             and expressed porcine mRNA of typical liver proteins. However, hepatocyte-like             MSCs failed to express the corresponding proteins and did not produce glycogen             and urea as primary porcine hepatocytes do. Porcine MSCs were immunotolerated,             since they did not activate resting human PBMCs, and were not attacked by human             activated PBMCs. However, porcine MSCs led to enhanced proliferation of human             pre-activated PBMCs suggesting that immunotoleration of porcine MSCs in the human             system has limitations. Together, the potential of porcine MSCs for xenogenous             use in human liver therapy is promising but needs further evaluation prior to             clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Molecular OncoSurgery, University of Heidelberg and German Cancer                     Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Groth
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ottinger
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kleist
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golriz
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schultze
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bruns
authors.forename: Arianeb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehrabi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schemmer
authors.forename: Markus W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Büchler
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Herr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D034421:Sus scrofa