title: Oral disease in relation to future risk of dementia and cognitive decline: prospective cohort study based on the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Examine the association of oral disease with future dementia/cognitive decline in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 11,140 men and women aged 55-88 years at study induction with type 2 diabetes participated in a baseline medical examination when they reported the number of natural teeth and days of bleeding gums. Dementia and cognitive decline were ascertained periodically during a 5-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative to the group with the greatest number of teeth (more than or equal to 22), having no teeth was associated with the highest risk of both dementia (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 1.48; 1.24, 1.78) and cognitive decline (1.39; 1.21, 1.59). Number of days of bleeding gums was unrelated to these outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tooth loss was associated with an increased risk of both dementia and cognitive decline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London, Torrington Place, London, UK. david.batty@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: G-D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Batty
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huxley
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zoungas
authors.forename: B-A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Neal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Galan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.forename: S-B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Harrap
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Colagiuri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chalmers
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors