title: Sinonasal involvement in sarcoidosis: a report of seven cases and review of literature.
abstract: Sarcoidosis is a chronic systemic disease of unknown etiology characterized by non-caseating inflammation involving one or more organs with predilection for pulmonary and upper respiratory tract involvement. It presents with a variety of signs and symptoms which can be generalized or focused on a single organ. Sinonasal involvement is reported in about 1% of cases of sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis can involve both the mucosa as well as bony structures in the nose and the paranasal sinuses. We present seven cases of sarcoidosis with sinonasal involvement. Four cases presented with nasal and sinus symptoms, and the other three cases developed or presented with nasal and sinus symptoms after the diagnosis of sarcoidosis was confirmed. The nasal and sinus symptoms in these patients were managed by local and systemic steroids. In four patients, endoscopic sinus surgery was performed with good outcome. Nasal and sinus symptoms, differential diagnosis and the treatment are discussed.
authors.affiliation: The Department of ENT, Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway. shashi.gulati@helse-bergen.no
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krossnes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olofsson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danielsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids