title: Effects of chlorpyrifos on cholinesterase activity and stress markers in the tropical reef fish Acanthochromis polyacanthus.
abstract: Tropical coastal ecosystems, including the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) of Australia are increasingly threatened by pollution; yet few studies have investigated the sensitivity of GBR species to these pollutants. Here we exposed juveniles of the tropical reef fish Acanthochromis polyacanthus (spiny damselfish) to three concentrations of the insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) and measured (i) muscle cholinesterase (ChE) activity; (ii) hepatic glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity; and (iii) coenzyme Q (CoQ) redox balance, after 6h and 96h of exposure. After 96h, muscle ChE activity was significantly inhibited by 26%, 49% and 53% when fish were exposed to 1, 10 or 100μg/L CPF, respectively. Muscle ChE characterization revealed three types of ChEs, including two atypical forms. Hepatic CoQ antioxidant form significantly increased at 10μg/L after 6h of exposure, potentially demonstrating an early response to CPF-induced oxidative stress in liver. Hepatic GST was not affected by CPF exposure.
authors.affiliation: School of Marine and Tropical Biology and AIMS@JCU, Australian Institute of Marine Science and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia. emmanuelle.botte@jcu.edu.au
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Botté
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Jerry
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Codi King
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smith-Keune
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Negri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000378:metabolism*; D057894:Coral Reefs; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D010473:Perciformes; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007306:Insecticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D002802:Cholinesterases; D004390:Chlorpyrifos