title: Simultaneous determination of timolol maleate, rosuvastatin calcium and diclofenac sodium in pharmaceuticals and physiological fluids using HPLC-UV.
abstract: A novel HPLC-UV method was developed for the simultaneous determination of timolol (TM), rosuvastatin (RST), and diclofenac sodium (DS) in pharmaceuticals, human plasma and aqueous humor using naproxen sodium as internal standard (IS). The target compounds were analyzed on Hypersil BDS C(18) column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), applying 0.2% triethylamine (TEA) and acetonitrile (ACN) (40:60, v/v), in isocratic mode as mobile phase, pH 2.75 adjusted with 85% phosphoric acid at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The column oven temperature was kept at 45°C and the peak response was monitored at 284 nm after injecting a 50 μl sample into HPLC system. The direct liquid-liquid extraction procedure was applied to human plasma and bovine aqueous humor samples using mobile phase as an extraction solvent after deproteination with methanol. The different HPLC experimental parameters were optimized and the method was validated according to standard guidelines. The recoveries of the suggested method in human plasma were 98.72, 96.04, and 95.14%, for TM, RST, and DS, while in aqueous humor were 94.99, and 98.23%, for TM, and DS, respectively. The LOD values were found to be 0.800, 0.500, and 0.250 ng/ml, for TM, RST, and DS, respectively, while their respective LOQ values were 2.00, 1.50, and 1.00 ng/ml. The co-efficient of variation (CV) were in the range of 0.1492-1.1729% and 1.0516-4.0104%, for intra-day and inter-day studies, respectively. The method was found accurate in human plasma and bovine aqueous humor and will be applied for the quantification of these compounds in plasma, and aqueous humor samples using animal models and in pharmaceuticals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Fazli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nasir
authors.forename: Zafar
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Abad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Lateef
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Yasar
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Amir Zada
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Jamshaid Ali
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Salimullah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D004355:Drug Stability; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D016014:Linear Models; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D013999:Timolol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004008:Diclofenac; D013999:Timolol; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium