title: Chemical constituents and their bioactivities of "Tongling White Ginger" (Zingiber officinale).
abstract: Gingerols and their corresponding dehydration products shogaols were considered as the active principles of ginger, the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor activities. Ginger (Z. officinale) has been cultivated for thousands of years as a spice and for medicinal purposes in China. Tongling (Anhui province, China) has traditionally been regarded as an ideal cultivation place. "Tongling White Ginger" enjoys a reputation for being one of the top gingers in China for its thin white peel, tender flesh, rich juice, and flavor. In this study, we have isolated and identified two novel gingerdione dimers, bisgingerdiones A (1) and B (2); two new gingerol derivatives, (5R)-5-acetoxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)heptan-3-one (3) and methyl (Z)-neral acetal-[6]-gingerdiol (4); and 38 known compounds (5-42) from rhizomes of Zingiber officinale collected from Tongling, China. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods. Compounds 1-4 showed weak cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 activities. Compounds 6, 8, and 26 showed inhibitory activities against human and mouse 11β-HSD1 (11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases) with IC(50) values between 1.09 and 1.30 μM.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Zhi-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Yong-Tang
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Ji-Kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D043205:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D002396:Catechols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002681:China; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C007845:gingerol; D043205:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1