title: Comparative genomic analysis of the thermophilic biomass-degrading fungi Myceliophthora thermophila and Thielavia terrestris.
abstract: Thermostable enzymes and thermophilic cell factories may afford economic advantages in the production of many chemicals and biomass-based fuels. Here we describe and compare the genomes of two thermophilic fungi, Myceliophthora thermophila and Thielavia terrestris. To our knowledge, these genomes are the first described for thermophilic eukaryotes and the first complete telomere-to-telomere genomes for filamentous fungi. Genome analyses and experimental data suggest that both thermophiles are capable of hydrolyzing all major polysaccharides found in biomass. Examination of transcriptome data and secreted proteins suggests that the two fungi use shared approaches in the hydrolysis of cellulose and xylan but distinct mechanisms in pectin degradation. Characterization of the biomass-hydrolyzing activity of recombinant enzymes suggests that these organisms are highly efficient in biomass decomposition at both moderate and high temperatures. Furthermore, we present evidence suggesting that aside from representing a potential reservoir of thermostable enzymes, thermophilic fungi are amenable to manipulation using classical and molecular genetics.
authors.affiliation: Novozymes, Inc., Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Randy M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Berka
authors.forename: Igor V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Grigoriev
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Otillar
authors.forename: Asaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salamov
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grimwood
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Nadeeza
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishmael
authors.forename: Tricia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Darmond
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Moisan
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henrissat
authors.forename: Pedro M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lombard
authors.forename: Donald O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Natvig
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lindquist
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmutz
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Powlowski
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bellemare
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: Iris E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Allijn
authors.forename: Joost
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van den Brink
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ushinsky
authors.forename: Reginald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Storms
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: Ian T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Paulsen
authors.forename: Liam D H
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Elbourne
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Magnuson
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laboissiere
authors.forename: A John
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Clutterbuck
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wogulis
authors.forename: Alfredo Lopez
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Leon
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsang
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D016681:Genome, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D000455:Medicago sativa / Q000378:metabolism; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D020543:Proteome; D012333:RNA, Messenger