title: The recent understanding of the neurotrophin's role in skeletal muscle adaptation.
abstract: This paper summarizes the various effects of neurotrophins in skeletal muscle and how these proteins act as potential regulators of the maintenance, function, and regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers. Increasing evidence suggests that this family of neurotrophic factors influence not only the survival and function of innervating motoneurons but also the development and differentiation of myoblasts and muscle fibers. Muscle contractions (e.g., exercise) produce BDNF mRNA and protein in skeletal muscle, and the BDNF seems to play a role in enhancing glucose metabolism and may act for myokine to improve various brain disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease and major depression). In adults with neuromuscular disorders, variations in neurotrophin expression are found, and the role of neurotrophins under such conditions is beginning to be elucidated. This paper provides a basis for a better understanding of the role of these factors under such pathological conditions and for treatment of human neuromuscular disease.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Physical Fitness, Sports and Health, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan. ksakuma@las.tut.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D011134:Polysaccharides; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; C010491:neurotropin