title: Effect of novel marine nutraceuticals on IL-1α-mediated TNF-α release from UVB-irradiated human melanocyte-derived cells.
abstract: UV-induced inflammation and reactive oxygen species formation are involved in the development of melanoma. Natural products like 5β-scymnol and CO(2)-supercritical fluid extract (CO(2)-SFE) of mussel oil contain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may aid in reducing the deleterious effects of UV radiation. Therefore, their effect on the release of the proinflammatory cytokine, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), from UVB-irradiated human melanocytic cells was examined. Human epidermal melanocytes (HEM) and MM96L melanoma cells were exposed to UVB radiation and IL-1α. Cell viability and TNF-α levels were determined 24 hours after-irradiation while p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation was observed at 15 min after-irradiation. When α-tocopherol, CO(2)-SFE mussel oil, and 5β-scymnol were added to the UVB-irradiated HEM cells treated with IL-1α, TNF-α levels fell by 53%, 65%, and 76%, respectively, while no inhibition was evident in MM96L cells. This effect was not due to inhibition of the intracellular p38 MAPK signalling pathway. These compounds may be useful in preventing inflammation-induced damage to normal melanocytes.
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia. visalini.muthusamy@rmit.edu.au
authors.forename: Visalini
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Muthusamy
authors.forename: Lynn D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: Theodore A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Macrides
authors.forename: Glen M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: Terrence J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Piva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007249:Inflammation; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007501:Iron; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D010851:Picrates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D010851:Picrates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D007501:Iron; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases