title: Coenzyme Q10 does not enhance preadipocyte viability in an in vitro lipotransfer model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Autologous fat is an attractive soft-tissue filler in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The success of the procedure relies strongly on the technique of transferring viable preadipocytes. Among other factors, preadipocyte viability is impaired by local anesthetics. Application of coenzyme Q10 is being performed by aesthetic plastic surgeons to enhance the success of lipotransfer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Q10 on preadipocyte viability with special regard to impairment after lidocaine treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preadipocytes were pretreated with coenzyme Q10 or vehicle control followed by incubation with lidocaine for 30 min. Viability and apoptosis were assessed by FACS analysis and Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coenzyme Q10 did not improve viability nor have any effect on investigated apoptosis parameters. Preadipocyte viability was reduced after lidocaine treatment. Surface binding of annexin V, cleavage of caspase-3, and abundance of subdiploid cells were not detectable though, suggesting that necrosis rather than apoptosis is the cause for reduced preadipocyte viability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that Q10 does not improve preadipocyte viability. Preadipocyte cell death induced by lidocaine is not caused by apoptosis but by necrosis, which cannot be prevented by coenzyme Q10. These findings should be taken into account when searching for solutions to improve preadipocyte viability in the context of soft tissue engineering and autologous fat transfer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. maike.keck@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keck
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeyda
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burjak
authors.forename: Lars-Peter
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kamolz
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Selig
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Stulnig
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frey
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009336:Necrosis; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014451:Ubiquinone; D008012:Lidocaine; C024989:coenzyme Q10