title: Mechanisms of weight maintenance under high- and low-protein, low-glycaemic index diets.
abstract: METHODS
  Weight maintenance after intended weight loss is a challenge in an obesogenic environment. In a large multicentre dietary intervention study (DiOGenes), it has recently been demonstrated that a high-protein/low-glycaemic index (HP/LGI) diet was slightly more efficient in maintaining weight loss than low-protein/LGI or high-GI (LP/LGI or HGI) diets. Here, we use a proteomic approach to assess the molecular mechanisms behind this positive effect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A subset of the most successful (weight loser, n=12) and unsuccessful (weight re-gainer, n=12) individuals consuming the LGI diets with either high- or low-protein content (HP or LP/LGI), following an initial calorie deficit run-in weight loss phase, were analyzed at the plasma protein level. Proteomic analysis revealed 18 proteins regulated after 6 months of the dietary weight maintenance phase. Furthermore, 12 proteins were significantly regulated as a function of success rate under an HP diet, arising as candidate biomarkers of mechanisms of successful weight maintenance under an HP/LGI diet. Pregnancy-zone protein (PZP) and protein S (PROS1) were revealed as novel biomarkers of weight maintenance showing opposite effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Semantic network analysis of the 12 regulated proteins revealed that under an HP/LGI an anti-atherogenic effect and alterations of fat metabolism were associated with the success of maintaining the initial weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Functional Genomics Group, Department of Bioanalytical Sciences, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland. isabel.rubioaliaga@rdls.nestle.com
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rubio-Aliaga
authors.forename: Laure F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Marvin-Guy
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagniere
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mansourian
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuerholz
authors.forename: Wim H M
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Saris
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astrup
authors.forename: Edwin C M
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Mariman
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kussmann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005060:Europe; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood; D017293:Protein S; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D004044:Dietary Proteins; C523390:PROS1 protein, human; C472887:PZP protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D017293:Protein S