title: Graphene as membrane for encapsulation of yeast cells: protective and electrically conducting.
abstract: Graphene sheets (chemically reduced), a high modulus and high thermal and electrically conductive material are coupled with yeast cells to form an encapsulating inorganic functional layer. The coupling of the high modulus sheets with the cells increases their stability to osmotic stresses. The sheets also allow the direct visualization of the cells in an electron microscope.
authors.affiliation: The Nanotechnology Engineering Program, Dept. of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L3G1.
authors.forename: Ravindra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kempaiah
authors.forename: Shehan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.forename: Wai L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010087:Oxides; D006108:Graphite; D002118:Calcium