title: [Hormonal contraception as a risk factor for developing cervical cancer: biological, epidemiological and immunological evidence].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cervical cancer has been extensively studied, as well as the various risk factors for that cancer. One such factor is the prolonged use of hormonal contraceptives.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report the biological, immunological and epidemiological findings arising from the use of oral contraceptives and their relation to cervical cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study based on information published in national and international literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Controversy persists between the epidemiological data and experimental biological association between hormonal contraceptives and cancer induced by HPV. It is important to consider the biological findings because in Mexico the use of hormonal contraceptives is very broad and the number of cases of cervical cancer and only extensive epidemiological studies will clarify this controversy.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas.
authors.forename: Julieta Ivone
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Castro Romero
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hernández Girón
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Madrid Marina
mesh_terms: D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002575:Uterine Cervicitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D014764:Viral Proteins