title: The comprehensive assessment of local immune status of ovarian cancer by the clustering of multiple immune factors.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the local immune status of human ovarian cancers by the comprehensive analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immunosuppressive factors, and to elucidate the local immunity in clinical course. The numbers of CD1α+, CD4+, CD8+, CD57+, forkhead box P3+ and programmed cell death-1+ cells were counted, and the intensity of immunosuppressive factors, such as programmed cell death-1 ligand (PD-L)1, PD-L2, cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2 and transforming growth factor β1, were evaluated in 70 ovarian cancer specimens stained by immunohistochemistry. Then hierarchical clustering of these parameters showed the four clusters into ovarian cancer cases. Cluster 1, which had significantly better prognosis than the others, was characterized by high infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In conclusion the comprehensive analysis of local immune status led to subdivide ovarian cancers into groups with better or worse prognoses and may guide precise understanding of the local immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Junzo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hamanishi
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandai
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abiko
authors.forename: Noriomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kosaka
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Konishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000032:analysis; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D017671:Platinum Compounds; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D017239:Paclitaxel