title: Animal Verbal Fluency and Design Fluency in school-aged children: effects of age, sex, and mean level of parental education, and regression-based normative data.
abstract: The Animal Verbal Fluency (AVF) and Design Fluency (DF) structured and unstructured test versions were administered to N = 294 healthy native Dutch-speaking children who were aged between 6.56 and 15.85 years. The AVF and DF structured test scores increased linearly as a function of age, whilst the relation between age and the DF unstructured test score was curvilinear (i.e., the improvement in test scores was much more pronounced for younger children than for older children). A higher mean level of parental education was associated with significantly higher AVF and DF structured test scores. Sex was not associated with any of the outcomes. Demographically corrected norms for the AVF and DF tests were established, and an automatic scoring program was provided.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. wim.vanderelst@gmail.com
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van der Elst
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hurks
authors.forename: Renske
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wassenberg
authors.forename: Celeste
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meijs
authors.forename: Jelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jolles
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*