title: Comparison of the antimicrobial activity of Listerine and Corsodyl on orthodontic brackets in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of 2 commercially available mouth rinses on a monospecies-biofilm model on orthodontic brackets in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antimicrobial effects of the 2 mouth rinses, Listerine (tartar control; IDS Manufacturing, Bangkok, Thailand) and Corsodyl (SmithKline Beecham, Maidenhead, United Kingdom), on the planktonic Streptococcus mutans were tested by maximum inhibitory dilution assay. The cell viability of S mutans biofilm on Damon3 MX brackets (Ormco, Glendora, Calif) after exposure to the 2 mouth rinses was quantified by 2,3-bis (2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino) carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide (XTT) reduction assay. Visualization of the biofilm samples was performed by fluorescence microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum inhibitory dilution assays of S mutans were 1:5 for Listerine and 1:320 for Corsodyl. The optical density values, which were measured by XTT reduction assay from S mutans biofilms after 1 minute of exposure to the different test agents, demonstrated that the cell viability of S mutans biofilms exposed to Listerine was less than that for Corsodyl, which was less than that for brain-heart infusion (P <0.001). Listerine caused more dead cells on the surface of the brackets than did Corsodyl when examined with the 2 microscope systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both mouth rinses showed marked antimicrobial effects on the monospecies biofilm in vitro. Listerine showed a stronger bactericidal effect but had less bacterial inhibitory effect than did Corsodyl.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ricky W K
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: C Jayampath
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Seneviratne
authors.forename: Urban
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hägg
authors.forename: Colman
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Lakshman P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Samaranayake
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008422:Materials Testing; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets / Q000382:microbiology*; D012459:Salicylates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009067:Mouthwashes; D012459:Salicylates; D013729:Terpenes; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C059087:2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide; C057473:Listerine; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine