title: Lipase-catalysed production of triacylglycerols enriched in pinolenic acid at the sn-2 position from pine nut oil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to produce triacylglycerols (TAGs) enriched in pinolenic acid (PLA) at the sn-2 position using the principle of acyl migration, from the pine nut oil containing PLA esterified exclusively at the sn-3 position.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two types of lipase-catalysed reactions, i.e. redistribution and reesterification of fatty acids, were successively performed using seven commercially available lipases as biocatalysts. Of the lipases tested, Novozym 435 and Lipozyme TL IM were effective biocatalysts for positioning PLA at the sn-2 location. These biocatalysts were selected for further evaluation of the effects of reaction parameters, such as temperature and water content on the migration of PLA residues to the sn-2 position and TAG content. For both lipases, a significant decrease in TAG content was observed after the lipase-catalysed redistribution of fatty acids for both lipases. The reduced TAG content could be enhanced up to approx. 92%, through lipase-catalysed re-esterification of the hydrolysed fatty acids under vacuum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAG enriched in PLA at the sn-2 position was synthesised from pine nut oil via lipase-catalysed redistribution and re-esterification of fatty acid residues using Lipozyme TL IM and Novozym 435 as biocatalysts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byung Hee
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung In
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Chong-Tai
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chul-Jin
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yangha
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: In-Hwan
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism; D004951:Esterification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007536:Isomerism; D008042:Linolenic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D009754:Nuts / Q000737:chemistry; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008042:Linolenic Acids; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; C034302:5,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid; C093666:Lipozyme; C093667:Novozyme 435; D008049:Lipase