title: Barrett's esophagus: genetic and cell changes.
abstract: The following includes commentaries on how genetic code of Barrett's esophagus (BE) patients, the mechanisms for GERD-induced esophageal expression of caudal homeobox, and the development of Barrett's metaplasia are increasingly better known, including the role of stromal genes in oncogenesis. Additional lessons have been learned in vitro models in nonneoplastic cell lines, yet there are limitations to what can be expected from BE-derived cell lines. Other topics discussed include clonal diversity in Barrett's esophagus; the application of peptide arrays to clinical samples of metaplastic mucosa; proliferation and apoptosis of Barrett's cell lines; tissue biomarkers for neoplasia; and transcription factors associated with BE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Rhonda F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Freschi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taddei
authors.forename: Maria Novella
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ringressi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bechi
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castiglione
authors.forename: Duccio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rossi Degl'Innocenti
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Triadafilopoulos
authors.forename: Jean S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: Manisha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bajpai
authors.forename: Kiron M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Kausilia K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Krishnadath
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans