title: Detection of lipid-core plaques by intracoronary near-infrared spectroscopy identifies high risk of periprocedural myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) in 3% to 15% of cases (depending on the definition used). In many cases, these MIs result from distal embolization of lipid-core plaque (LCP) constituents. Prospective identification of LCP with catheter-based near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) may predict an increased risk of periprocedural MI and facilitate development of preventive measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The present study analyzed the relationship between the presence of a large LCP (detected by NIRS) and periprocedural MI. Patients with stable preprocedural cardiac biomarkers undergoing stenting were identified from the COLOR Registry, an ongoing prospective observational study of patients undergoing NIRS before PCI. The extent of LCP in the treatment zone was calculated as the maximal lipid-core burden index (LCBI) measured by NIRS for each of the 4-mm longitudinal segments in the treatment zone. A periprocedural MI was defined as new cardiac biomarker elevation above 3× upper limit of normal. A total of 62 patients undergoing stenting met eligibility criteria. A large LCP (defined as a maxLCBI(4 mm) ≥500) was present in 14 of 62 lesions (22.6%), and periprocedural MI was documented in 9 of 62 (14.5%) of cases. Periprocedural MI occurred in 7 of 14 patients (50%) with a maxLCBI(4 mm) ≥500, compared with 2 of 48 patients (4.2%) patients with a lower maxLCBI(4 mm) (P=0.0002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NIRS provides rapid, automated detection of extensive LCPs that are associated with a high risk of periprocedural MI, presumably due to embolization of plaque contents during coronary intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, 3601 West 13 Mile Road, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA. jgoldstein@beaumont.edu
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Brijeshwar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maini
authors.forename: Simon R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: Emmanouil S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Brilakis
authors.forename: Cindy L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Grines
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Rizik
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Kendrick A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Shunk
authors.forename: Giora
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weisz
authors.forename: Pedro R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Annapoorna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kini
authors.forename: Samin K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hendricks
authors.forename: Steve T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Sum
authors.forename: Sean P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Madden
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Gregg W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Morton J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017130:Angioplasty; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D017700:Embolism, Cholesterol / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019210:Troponin I; D003402:Creatine Kinase