title: Inheritance of moyamoya disease in a Caucasian family.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Moyamoya disease is a very rare occlusive cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion of the intracranial portion of the internal carotid artery and proximal cerebral arteries with an extensive network of fine collaterals. The aetiology and genetic susceptibility of moyamoya disease, especially in Caucasians, still remains unclear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We describe the cases of affected German father, daughter and son with juvenile stroke because of idiopathic moyamoya disease. The rare existing literature is reviewed and discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report on a father-to-child inheritance pattern in Caucasian patients with idiopathic Moyamoya disease (MMD). Our cases indicate possible genetic risk factors for the genesis of Caucasian Moyamoya disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Alfried-Krupp-von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Alfried-Krupp-Strasse, Essen, Germany. markus.kraemer@krupp-krankenhaus.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Heinemann
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Venker
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berlit
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krischek
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens