title: Epidemiology and role of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in causing gastrointestinal bleeding.
abstract: This article outlines the epidemiology and role of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in causing gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The morbidity and mortality associated with NSAID-induced GI bleeding are discussed, and the mechanisms of NSAID-related GI injury, the potency of various NSAIDs, new NSAIDs associated with a decrease in GI pathology, dual-acting antiinflammatory drugs, hydrogen sulfide-releasing NSAIDs, lipoxygenase/cyclooxygenase, phospholipid NSAIDs, and the comprehensive effects of NSAIDs on the GI tract are described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, USA.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byron
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cryer
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors