title: Periodontal ligament fibroblast response to root perforations restored with different materials: a laboratory study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of several materials on the attachment of periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts to experimentally perforated root surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Root specimens (size 5 × 5 mm) were obtained from extracted human molar teeth and perforations with a 1 mm diameter were created. One group was kept as a control and the rest were repaired with the following materials: Amalgam, Dyract, IRM, Super Bond C&B and Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). PDL fibroblasts were placed at a density of 8 × 10(4) cells on the root specimens, incubated on tissue culture inserts (48 h) and then transferred to 48 well-plates. MTT assays were performed at 48 and 96 h for PDL fibroblast survival. Cell attachment was observed using confocal microscopy on days 2 and 5. Total RNAs from the root specimens were isolated on day 5 and type I collagen (COL I) and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) mRNA expressions were checked using Quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction (QPCR). For the MTT assay and QPCR, one-way analysis of variance (anova) and Tukey HSD multiple comparison tests were used to compare the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mineral trioxide aggregate resulted in a significantly higher cell density (P < 0.001). Dyract, IRM and Super Bond C&B groups had a lower cell density when compared with the control and MTA groups at 48 h (P < 0.001). Confocal microscopy revealed that, among the experimental groups, the MTA group had the largest viable cell population over the restoration site when compared with the other materials; however, reduced cell attachment was noted in all groups when compared with the control. Increased Runx2 mRNA expressions were noted in MTA (P < 0.001) and IRM (P < 0.01) groups when compared with control and other tested materials. COL I transcripts were increased in IRM (P < 0.01), D, C&B and MTA (P < 0.001) when compared with the control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mineral trioxide aggregate provided a more favorable environment for PDL cell adhesion and growth.
authors: Department of Periodontology, Selcuk University, Konya.
authors: S S
authors: SS
authors: Hakki
authors: S B
authors: SB
authors: Bozkurt
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Ozcopur
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Purali
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Belli
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis; D004396:Coloring Agents; D020770:Compomers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000032:analysis; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010087:Oxides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017640:Silicates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000293:injuries*; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001896:Boron Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D024042:Collagen Type I; D004396:Coloring Agents; D020770:Compomers; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D004338:Drug Combinations; C088486:Dyract; D008689:Methacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D010087:Oxides; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C031667:IRM cement; D003723:Dental Amalgam; C049495:Super-bond; C022616:thiazolyl blue