title: APOBEC3G promotes liver metastasis in an orthotopic mouse model of colorectal cancer and predicts human hepatic metastasis.
abstract: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death from cancer in the United States. Metastases in the liver, the most common metastatic site for colorectal cancer, are found in one-third of the patients who die of colorectal cancer. Currently, the genes and molecular mechanisms that are functionally critical in modulating colorectal cancer hepatic metastasis remain unclear. Here, we report our studies using functional selection in an orthotopic mouse model of colorectal cancer to identify a set of genes that play an important role in mediating colorectal cancer liver metastasis. These genes included APOBEC3G, CD133, LIPC, and S100P. Clinically, we found these genes to be highly expressed in a cohort of human hepatic metastasis and their primary colorectal tumors, suggesting that it might be possible to use these genes to predict the likelihood of hepatic metastasis. We have further revealed what we believe to be a novel mechanism in which APOBEC3G promotes colorectal cancer hepatic metastasis through inhibition of miR-29-mediated suppression of MMP2. Together, our data elucidate key factors and mechanisms involved in colorectal cancer liver metastasis, which could be potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
authors: Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors: Qingqing
authors: Q
authors: Ding
authors: Chun-Ju
authors: CJ
authors: Chang
authors: Xiaoming
authors: X
authors: Xie
authors: Weiya
authors: W
authors: Xia
authors: Jer-Yen
authors: JY
authors: Yang
authors: Shao-Chun
authors: SC
authors: Wang
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Jiahong
authors: J
authors: Xia
authors: Libo
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: Changchun
authors: C
authors: Cai
authors: Huabin
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Chia-Jui
authors: CJ
authors: Yen
authors: Hsu-Ping
authors: HP
authors: Kuo
authors: Dung-Fang
authors: DF
authors: Lee
authors: Jingyu
authors: J
authors: Lang
authors: Longfei
authors: L
authors: Huo
authors: Xiaoyun
authors: X
authors: Cheng
authors: Yun-Ju
authors: YJ
authors: Chen
authors: Chia-Wei
authors: CW
authors: Li
authors: Long-Bin
authors: LB
authors: Jeng
authors: Jennifer L
authors: JL
authors: Hsu
authors: Long-Yuan
authors: LY
authors: Li
authors: Alai
authors: A
authors: Tan
authors: Steven A
authors: SA
authors: Curley
authors: Lee M
authors: LM
authors: Ellis
authors: Raymond N
authors: RN
authors: Dubois
authors: Mien-Chie
authors: MC
authors: Hung
mesh_terms: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: C547014:MIRN29 microRNA, mouse; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C522362:Mmp2 protein, mouse; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; C496166:APOBEC3G protein, mouse; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase