title: Relationships between activities, participation, personal factors, mental health, and life satisfaction in persons with spinal cord injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify relationships between activities, participation, mental health, and life satisfaction in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and specify how personal factors (self-efficacy, neuroticism, appraisals) interact with these components. We hypothesized that (1) activities are related directly to participation, participation is related directly to mental health and life satisfaction, and mental health and life satisfaction are 2 interrelated outcome variables; and (2) appraisals are mediators between participation and mental health and life satisfaction, and self-efficacy and neuroticism are related directly to mental health and life satisfaction and indirectly through appraisals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Follow-up measurement of a multicenter prospective cohort study 5 years after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight Dutch rehabilitation centers with specialized SCI units.
  
  
  METHODS
  Persons (N=143) aged 18 to 65 years at the onset of SCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mental health was measured by using the Mental Health subscale of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and life satisfaction with the sum score of "current life satisfaction" and "current life satisfaction compared with life satisfaction before SCI."
  
  
  RESULTS
  Structural equation modeling showed that activities and neuroticism were related to participation and explained 49% of the variance in participation. Self-efficacy, neuroticism, and 2 appraisals were related to mental health and explained 35% of the variance in mental health. Participation, 3 appraisals, and mental health were related to life satisfaction and together explained 50% of the total variance in life satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mental health and life satisfaction can be seen as 2 separate but interrelated outcome variables. Self-efficacy and neuroticism are related directly to mental health and indirectly to life satisfaction through the mediating role of appraisals.
authors: Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and Rehabilitiation Center De Hoogstraat, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Christel M
authors: CM
authors: van Leeuwen
authors: Marcel W
authors: MW
authors: Post
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Westers
authors: Lucas H
authors: LH
authors: van der Woude
authors: Sonja
authors: S
authors: de Groot
authors: Tebbe
authors: T
authors: Sluis
authors: Hans
authors: H
authors: Slootman
authors: Eline
authors: E
authors: Lindeman
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055809:Illness Behavior; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012803:Sick Role; D012917:Social Adjustment; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult