title: An IL-9 fate reporter demonstrates the induction of an innate IL-9 response in lung inflammation.
abstract: Interleukin 9 (IL-9) is a cytokine linked to lung inflammation, but its cellular origin and function remain unclear. Here we describe a reporter mouse strain designed to map the fate of cells that have activated IL-9. We found that during papain-induced lung inflammation, IL-9 production was largely restricted to innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). IL-9 production by ILCs depended on IL-2 from adaptive immune cells and was rapidly lost in favor of other cytokines, such as IL-13 and IL-5. Blockade of IL-9 production via neutralizing antibodies resulted in much lower expression of IL-13 and IL-5, which suggested that ILCs provide the missing link between the well-established functions of IL-9 in the regulation of type 2 helper T cell cytokines and responses.
authors: Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, UK.
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Wilhelm
authors: Keiji
authors: K
authors: Hirota
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Stieglitz
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Van Snick
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Tolaini
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Lahl
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Sparwasser
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Helmby
authors: Brigitta
authors: B
authors: Stockinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016906:Interleukin-9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010206:Papain / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D016207:Cytokines; D016906:Interleukin-9; D010206:Papain