title: Use of iQPR-H₂O for bone regeneration and its potential in the improvement of osteoporosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current treatments for osteoporosis are associated with various side effects and do not prevent the age-related decrease in osteoblast number. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of iQPR-H₂O on osteogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 and pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in medium prepared with iQPR-H₂O or unprocessed mineral water (control cells), and proliferation and differentiation were assessed by MTT and alkaline phosphatase assay, respectively. Mineral deposition by the cells was determined using Alizarin red S staining. A mouse model of osteoporosis, ovariectomized SAMP8 mice, was used to evaluate the effects of iQPR-H₂O on osteogenesis in vivo. Mice were given either iQPR-H₂O or unprocessed mineral water (control group) for four months after which bone mass density (BMD) measurements were made using a bone densitometer and hematoxylin and eosin staining of bone samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NIH3T3 cells grown in medium prepared with iQPR-H₂O exhibited significantly greater proliferation. NIH3T3 and MC3T3-E1 cells demonstrated a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase levels in the iQPR-H₂O group. MC3T3-E1 cells showed mineralization at day 28. mRNA expression levels of both osteopontin and runt-related transcription factor 2 in MC3T3-E1 cells were higher in the iQPR-H₂O group compared with the control group. After four months, significantly greater bone regeneration was evident in ovariectomized SAMP8 mice administered iQPR-H₂O as compared with control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  iQPR-H₂O may reduce the symptoms of osteoporosis by improving osteogenesis.
authors: Department of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Chiming
authors: C
authors: Lee
authors: Meileng
authors: M
authors: Cheong
authors: Wentien
authors: W
authors: Hsiao
authors: Henyu
authors: H
authors: Liu
authors: Chingyu
authors: C
authors: Tsai
authors: Mingfu
authors: M
authors: Wang
authors: Chihhsiung
authors: C
authors: Wu
authors: Kwanghwa
authors: K
authors: Chang
authors: Gowlin
authors: G
authors: Lam
authors: Winping
authors: W
authors: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004735:Energy Transfer; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011859:Radiography; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014867:Water