title: Tumor site immune markers associated with risk for subsequent basal cell carcinomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumors are the most common skin cancer and are highly immunogenic.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to assess how immune-cell related gene expression in an initial BCC tumor biopsy was related to the appearance of subsequent BCC tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Levels of mRNA for CD3ε (a T-cell receptor marker), CD25 (the alpha chain of the interleukin (IL)-2 receptor expressed on activated T-cells and B-cells), CD68 (a marker for monocytes/macrophages), the cell surface glycoprotein intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), the cytokine interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were measured in BCC tumor biopsies from 138 patients using real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median follow-up was 26.6 months, and 61% of subjects were free of new BCCs two years post-initial biopsy. Patients with low CD3ε CD25, CD68, and ICAM-1 mRNA levels had significantly shorter times before new tumors were detected (p = 0.03, p = 0.02, p = 0.003, and p = 0.08, respectively). Furthermore, older age diminished the association of mRNA levels with the appearance of subsequent tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that levels of CD3ε, CD25, CD68, and ICAM-1 mRNA in BCC biopsies may predict risk for new BCC tumors.
authors: Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. Ronald.glaser@osumc.edu
authors: Ronald
authors: R
authors: Glaser
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Andridge
authors: Eric V
authors: EV
authors: Yang
authors: Arwa Y
authors: AY
authors: Shana'ah
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Di Gregorio
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Chen
authors: Sheri L
authors: SL
authors: Johnson
authors: Lawrence A
authors: LA
authors: De Renne
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Lambert
authors: Scott D
authors: SD
authors: Jewell
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Bechtel
authors: Dean W
authors: DW
authors: Hearne
authors: Joel Bain
authors: JB
authors: Herron
authors: Janice K
authors: JK
authors: Kiecolt-Glaser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000235:genetics; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017252:CD3 Complex; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016753:Interleukin-10; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule