title: Serum paraoxonase-3 concentration in HIV-infected patients. Evidence for a protective role against oxidation.
abstract: We investigated the influence of the HIV infection on serum paraoxonase-3 (PON3) concentration and assessed the relationships with lipoprotein-associated abnormalities, immunological response, and accelerated atherosclerosis. We studied 207 HIV-infected patients and 385 healthy volunteers. Serum PON3 was determined by in-house ELISA, and PON3 distribution in lipoproteins was investigated by fast-performance liquid chromatography (FPLC). Polymorphisms of the PON3 promoter were analyzed by the Iplex Gold MassArray(TM) method. PON3 concentrations were increased (about three times) in HIV-infected patients with respect to controls (P < 0.001) and were inversely correlated with oxidized LDL levels (P = 0.038). Long-term use of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy was associated with a decrease of PON3 concentrations. In a multivariate linear regression analysis, these relationships were still strong when the main confounding covariates were considered. PON3 was mainly found in HDL in HIV-infected patients, but a substantial amount of the protein was detected in LDL particles. This study reports for the first time an important increase in serum PON3 concentrations in HIV-infected patients that is associated with their oxidative status and their treatment with NNRTI. Long-term, prospective studies are needed to confirm the possible influence of this enzyme on the course of this disease and its possible utility as an analytical biomarker.
authors: Centre de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili,  Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus,  Spain.
authors: Gerard
authors: G
authors: Aragonès
authors: Anabel
authors: A
authors: García-Heredia
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Guardiola
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Rull
authors: Raúl
authors: R
authors: Beltrán-Debón
authors: Judit
authors: J
authors: Marsillach
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Alonso-Villaverde
authors: Bharti
authors: B
authors: Mackness
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Mackness
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Pedro-Botet
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Pardo-Reche
authors: Jorge
authors: J
authors: Joven
authors: Jordi
authors: J
authors: Camps
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D008074:Lipoproteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C113656:PON3 protein, human