title: Linear discriminant functions to improve the glaucoma probability score analysis to detect glaucomatous optic nerve heads:  a multicenter study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to create a linear discriminant function (LDF) formula by using the new Glaucoma Probability Score (GPS) global and sectorial optic nerve head parameters measured by Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph 3 to improve the GPS diagnostic capacity to discriminate between healthy and glaucomatous eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a multicenter cross-sectional study. To calculate the LDF formula, 137 normal individuals and 96 glaucomatous patients were selected. Another independent sample of 60 healthy and 69 glaucomatous eyes was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the LDF formulas. All patients underwent a full eye examination, standard achromatic perimetry by using Humphrey Field Analyzer, and imaging with Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph 3. Glaucoma was defined on the basis of SITA-24-2 visual field loss (pattern standard deviation P<5% and glaucoma Hemifield test outside normal limits). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curves and sensitivity and specificity for different LDFs were analyzed as measures of diagnostic accuracy. The analysis was repeated after stratification for optic disc size and glaucoma stage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two LDF formulas improved GPS algorithm results. At fixed specificities of 85% and 95%, the sensitivity values were 79.7% and 71%, respectively, for the GPS-only LDF, which used only the so-called GPS parameters, whereas the values were 85.5% and 79.7%, respectively, for the GPS-RA LDF, which used sectorial rim area parameters as well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When the so-called GPS parameters were used in an LDF formula, its diagnostic capacity slightly improved; however, the diagnostic performances of the GPS LDF, which used sectorial rim area parameters as well, were better.
authors: Laboratorio clinico anatomo-funzionale per la diagnosi e il trattamento del glaucoma e della malattie neurooftalmologiche, Clinica Oculistica, Department of Neurological Sciences, Ophthalmology, Genetic, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. iester@unige.it
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Iester
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Oddone
authors: Mirko
authors: M
authors: Prato
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Centofanti
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Fogagnolo
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Rossetti
authors: Valeria
authors: V
authors: Vaccarezza
authors: Gianluca
authors: G
authors: Manni
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Ferreras
mesh_terms: D019540:Area Under Curve; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006068:Gonioscopy; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011336:Probability; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D058609:Visual Field Tests