title: Shiga toxin pathogenesis: kidney complications and renal failure.
abstract: The kidneys are the major organs affected in diarrhea-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (D(+)HUS). The pathophysiology of renal disease in D(+)HUS is largely the result of the interaction between bacterial virulence factors such as Shiga toxin and lipopolysaccharide and host cells in the kidney and in the blood circulation. This chapter describes in detail the current knowledge of how these bacterial toxins may lead to kidney disease and renal failure. The toxin receptors expressed by specific blood and resident renal cell types are also discussed as are the actions of the toxins on these cells.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, HSF-I Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. tobrig@som.umaryland.edu
authors: Tom G
authors: TG
authors: Obrig
authors: Diana
authors: D
authors: Karpman
mesh_terms: D001773:Blood Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000378:metabolism; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D022621:Shiga Toxin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006017:Glycolipids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013107:Sphingolipids; D037521:Virulence Factors; C063288:globotriaosyl lysosphingolipid; D022621:Shiga Toxin