title: Prevalence and association of dental injuries with socioeconomic conditions and alcohol/drug use in adolescents between 15 and 19 years of age.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of dental trauma, etiological factors, predisposing factors, and associations with socioeconomic status and the risk of alcohol and illicit drug use among adolescents in the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was carried out that included clinical examinations and self-administered questionnaires. The sample population was composed of 891 adolescents from public and private schools. The Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was used for socioeconomic classification. Information on alcohol and illicit drug use was obtained using two questionnaires: the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of traumatic dental injury (TDI) was 24.7%. Falls (17.7%) was the most frequently cited etiological factor in dental injury. Among the participants with TDI, 32.8% were students in the private school system (P = 0.006). A total of 56.8% of individuals with accentuated overjet had some type of TDI (P = 0.000). There was a high prevalence of adolescents who consumed alcoholic beverages (50.3%) and used illicit substances (15.2%). However, no statistically significant associations were found between these variables and the presence of TDI. The results of the analysis demonstrate that individuals in a private school system [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.11; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.20] and those with accentuated overjet (>3 mm) (PR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.10-1.25) had a 1.11- and 1.17-fold greater chance of belonging to the group of individuals diagnosed with some type of TDI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of dental trauma in the study population was high. The same was true regarding alcohol and illicit drug use among the adolescents examined, although no statistically significant associations were found between these variables and a history of TDI. Private school system and accentuated overjet were significantly associated with dental trauma.
authors: Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. kellyoliva@yahoo.com.br
authors: Kelly O
authors: KO
authors: Jorge
authors: Paulo M
authors: PM
authors: Oliveira Filho
authors: Efigênia F
authors: EF
authors: Ferreira
authors: Ana C
authors: AC
authors: Oliveira
authors: Miriam P
authors: MP
authors: Vale
authors: Patrícia M
authors: PM
authors: Zarzar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D057887:Overbite / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D017149:Private Sector; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools / Q000458:organization & administration; D012923:Social Class; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D035862:Vulnerable Populations; D055815:Young Adult