title: Enhancement and mechanism of transdermal absorption of terpene-induced propranolol hydrochloride.
abstract: For the purpose of efficient and safe transdermal administration of propranolol hydrochloride (PHCl), effects of (+)-borneol, (+)-camphor, and α-bisabolol (5 w/v%) in 66.6% ethanol solution on transdermal permeation across rat skin in vitro and their enhancement mechanism was investigated with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and PHCl-stratum corneum binding studies. Each of (+)-borneol, (+)-camphor, and α-bisabolol significantly increased the transdermal flux of PHCl through rat skin in comparison to the control. The enhancement mechanism of the terpenes is involved with disruption of the lipid bilayer and increase of PHCl partitioning coefficient to the stratum corneum. As for α-bisabolol, the protect effect of skin from dehydration and an important reason of irritation incident were observed with differential scanning calorimetry for the first time.
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China. flyingyting@yahoo.com.cn
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Cui
authors: Lingzhi
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Jianyu
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Gu
authors: Haiying
authors: H
authors: Gong
authors: Peng
authors: P
authors: Guo
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Tong
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011433:Propranolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D013729:Terpenes; D011433:Propranolol