title: Bone related health status in adolescent cyclists.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe bone status and analyse bone mass in adolescent cyclists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male road cyclists (n = 22) who had been training for a minimum of 2 years and a maximum of 7 years with a volume of 10 h/w, were compared to age-matched controls (n = 22) involved in recreational sports activities. Subjects were divided in 2 groups based on age: adolescents under 17 yrs (cyclists, n = 11; controls, n = 13) and over 17 yrs (cyclists, n = 11; controls, n = 9). Peak oxygen uptake (VO(2)max) was measured on a cycloergometer. Whole body, lumbar spine, and hip bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD) and bone area were assessed using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Volumetric BMD (vBMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) were also estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The BMC of cyclists was lower for the whole body, pelvis, femoral neck and legs; BMD for the pelvis, hip, legs and whole body and legs bone area was lower but higher in the hip area (all, P≤0.05) after adjusting by lean mass and height. The BMC of young cyclists was 10% lower in the leg and 8% higher in the hip area than young controls (P≤0.05). The BMC of cyclists over 17 yrs was 26.5%, 15.8% and 14.4% lower BMC at the pelvis, femoral neck and legs respectively while the BMD was 8.9% to 24.5% lower for the whole body, pelvis, total hip, trochanter, intertrochanter, femoral neck and legs and 17.1% lower the vBMD at the femoral neck (all P≤0.05). Grouped by age interaction was found in both pelvis and hip BMC and BMD and in femoral neck vBMD (all P≤0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cycling performed throughout adolescence may negatively affect bone health, then compromising the acquisition of peak bone mass.
authors: Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain. hugo.olmedillas@gmail.com
authors: Hugo
authors: H
authors: Olmedillas
authors: Alejandro
authors: A
authors: González-Agüero
authors: Luís A
authors: LA
authors: Moreno
authors: José A
authors: JA
authors: Casajús
authors: Germán
authors: G
authors: Vicente-Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D056352:Athletes; D001642:Bicycling; D001823:Body Composition; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen