title: Aluminum-induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in grass carp (Cyprinidae--Ctenopharingodon idella).
abstract: Aluminum is used in a large number of anthropogenic processes, leading to aquatic ecosystems pollution. Diverse studies show that in mammals this metal may produce oxidative stress, is neurotoxic, and is involved in the development of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzhaimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Nevertheless, there are only few studies with respect to Al-induced neurotoxicity on aquatic fauna, particularly on fishes of economical interest, such as the grass carp (Ctenopharingodon idella). This study evaluates Al-induced toxicity on the grass carp C. idella. Specimens were exposed to the maximum concentration allowed in order to protect aquatic life (0.1 mg L⁻¹), for 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. After the exposure time, lipid peroxidation degree, superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, as well as dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels were evaluated. Al concentration in organisms and water was also measured, in order to determine the bioconcentration factor. Results show that Al bioconcentrates in grass carp inducing oxidative stress (increment of 300 and 455 percent on lipid peroxidation degree and SOD activity, and decrement of 49 percent on CAT activity) and neurotoxicity (increment of 55 and 155 percent on dopamine and adrenaline levels and decrement of 93 percent on noradrenaline level).
authors: Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Col. Industrial Vallejo, CP 07700 México D.F., México.
authors: María Lourdes
authors: ML
authors: Fernández-Dávila
authors: Amparo Celene
authors: AC
authors: Razo-Estrada
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: García-Medina
authors: Leobardo Manuel
authors: LM
authors: Gómez-Oliván
authors: Manuel Jesús
authors: MJ
authors: Piñón-López
authors: Rocio Guzmán
authors: RG
authors: Ibarra
authors: Marcela
authors: M
authors: Galar-Martínez
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002347:Carps; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009420:Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000535:Aluminum; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine