title: Pharmacokinetic analysis of absorption, distribution and disappearance of ingested water labeled with D₂O in humans.
abstract: The kinetic parameters of absorption and distribution of ingested water (300 ml labeled with D(2)O; osmolality <20 mOsm kg(-1)) in the body water pool (BWP) and of its disappearance from this pool were estimated in 36 subjects from changes in plasma or urine deuterium to protium ratio (D/H) over 10 days using one- and two-compartment and a non-compartmental pharmacokinetic models (1-CM, 2-CM and N-CM which applied well to 58, 42 and 100% of the subjects, respectively). Compared with the volume and turnover of the BWP computed with the slope-intercept method (60.7 ± 4.1% body mass or 72.7 ± 3.2% lean body mass; turnover 4.58 ± 0.80 l day(-1): i.e., complete renewal in ~50 days; n = 36), the values were accurately estimated with the N-CM and 1-CM and were slightly overestimated and underestimated, respectively, with the 2-CM (~7-8% difference, significant for water clearance only). Ingested water appeared in plasma and blood cells within 5 min and the half-life of absorption (~11-13 min) indicates a complete absorption within ~75-120 min. The 2-CM showed that in 42% of the subjects, ingested water quickly distributed within a central compartment before diffusing with a very short half-life (12.5 ± 4.3 min) to a peripheral compartment (18.5 ± 4.3 and 31.6 ± 6.4 L, respectively), which were in complete equilibrium within ~90 min. Pharmacokinetic analyses of water labeled with D(2)O can help describe water absorption and distribution, for which there is no well defined reference method and value; depending on the characteristics of the subjects and the drinks, and of environmental conditions.
authors: Department of Kinesiology, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada. Francois.peronnet@umontreal.ca
authors: François
authors: F
authors: Péronnet
authors: Diane
authors: D
authors: Mignault
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: du Souich
authors: Sébastien
authors: S
authors: Vergne
authors: Laurent
authors: L
authors: Le Bellego
authors: Liliana
authors: L
authors: Jimenez
authors: Rémi
authors: R
authors: Rabasa-Lhoret
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000328:Adult; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D017666:Deuterium Oxide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D017666:Deuterium Oxide