title: Three-dimensional reconstruction of maxillae using spiral computed tomography and its application in postoperative adult patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a method to analyze malformed maxillae of postoperative adult patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate in 3 dimensions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 35 landmarks were defined and used to reconstruct 3-dimensional maxillary images of healthy Chinese Han subjects and 30 postoperative Chinese Han adult patients (17 men and 13 women, with mean age of 19.07 years) with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. This was done using spiral computed tomography, and their corresponding parameters were analyzed using SimPlant software, version 11.04, and compared by t test using SAS software, version 6.12.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 7 centered landmarks, A and ANS in the patients were obviously deviated to the nonoperative side (P < .01) and the symmetrical landmark pairs INM'-INM, SNM'-SNM and SPr'-SPr, but not MA'-MA, SoF'-SoF, and LPAC-LPA in the infraorbital region and piriform aperture peritreme in healthy subjects were shifted toward the coordinate sagittal plane S. The data also showed that the maxillae in the patients' operative side were hypoplastic, especially in the posteroanterior direction compared with the nonoperative side and healthy subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed method can precisely measure the distances of the maxillary landmarks to 3-dimensional coordinates and has application potential in evaluating maxillary deformity in patients with postoperative unilateral complete cleft lip and palate.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors: Hongquan
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Yusheng
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Yilai
authors: Y
authors: Wu
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Dandan
authors: D
authors: Wu
authors: Yun
authors: Y
authors: Liang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry; D002681:China; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014743:Videotape Recording; D055815:Young Adult