title: Accuracy and efficacy of intrathecal administration of morphine sulfate for treatment of intractable pain using the Prometra(®) Programmable Pump.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intrathecal infusion pumps are increasingly used to deliver analgesics for chronic intractable pain. This trial evaluated the accuracy and efficacy of the new Prometra® Programmable Pump System for intrathecal administration of morphine sulfate to treat chronic intractable pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and ten patients were given continuous intrathecal morphine sulfate and assessed monthly for up to six months. Accuracy was determined as the ratio of delivered to programmed drug volume (DP ratio). Efficacy was assessed using the visual analog and numeric rating scales and the Oswestry Disability Index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean accuracy of the Prometra pump was 97.1%, with a 90% confidence interval of 96.2-98.0%. Decreases in pain and disability were reported at 68.4% of patient visits. No unanticipated adverse events or device complications were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Prometra pump provides an accurate, effective, and safe system for intrathecal administration of morphine sulfate for treatment of chronic intractable pain.
authors: Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA;             Center for Pain Relief, Charleston, WV, USA;             Fox Chase Pain Management Associates, Jenkintown, PA, USA;             Center for Interventional Pain Management, St. Louis, MO, USA;             Pain Institute of Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA;             Pain Control Network, Louisville, KY, USA; and             Lowell General Hospital, Lowell, MA, USA.
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Rauck
authors: Timothy
authors: T
authors: Deer
authors: Steve
authors: S
authors: Rosen
authors: Gurpreet
authors: G
authors: Padda
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Barsa
authors: Elmer
authors: E
authors: Dunbar
authors: Gopala
authors: G
authors: Dwarakanath