title: The role of asynapsis in human spermatocyte failure.
abstract: The basic molecular mechanisms by which chromosomal rearrangements in heterozygous state produce spermatogenic disturbances are poorly understood. Testicular biopsies from five patients - one carrier of a Robertsonian translocation rob t(13;14), two carriers of two different Y-autosome translocations, a t(Y;6) and a t(Y;11), one carrier of a reciprocal translocation t(3;13) and one carrier of a heterochromatin duplication in chromosome 9 - were processed for histopathological analysis, electron microscopy and fluorescent immunolocalization of meiotic proteins. In all the patients, the asynaptic regions during pachytene are labelled by BRCA1 and retained RAD51 foci. The variant histone γ-H2AX is located on the chromatin domains of the asynaptic regions and the XY body. In contrast, these meiotic proteins are absent in those chromosomal segments that are non-homologously synapsed. The present observations on five new cases and a review of recent studies show that the common features shared by all these cases are the abnormal location of some meiotic proteins and the presence of transcriptionally silenced chromatin domains on asynaptic regions. The frequent association of these silenced regions with the XY body and the rescue of spermatocyte viability through non-homologous synapsis are also shared by all these carriers. A passive, random mechanism of clustering of asynaptic regions with the XY body is suggested.
authors: Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors: R B
authors: RB
authors: Sciurano
authors: M I
authors: MI
authors: Rahn
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Rey-Valzacchi
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Coco
authors: A J
authors: AJ
authors: Solari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000235:genetics*; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000235:genetics*; D049471:Pachytene Stage / Q000235:genetics; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000235:genetics; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D019313:BRCA1 Protein; C492913:BRCA1 protein, human; D002843:Chromatin; C468783:H2AX protein, human; D006657:Histones; C495153:RAD51 protein, human; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase