title: Female epispadias.
abstract: Isolated female epispadias without bladder exstrophy is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. The symptoms of female epispadias are primary urinary incontinence and abnormal anatomical features. A 7-year-old girl presented with partial incontinence of urine. On physical examination, bifid clitoris and labia minora were seen. The vagina and hymen were normal. Voiding cystourethrogram showed no reflux. With the diagnosis of isolated female epispadias, single stage reconstruction of the urethra, labia minora and clitoris was performed.
authors: Department of Urology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, India. drkrishnas@yahoo.com
authors: M V Krishna
authors: MV
authors: Shetty
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bhaskaran
authors: T K
authors: TK
authors: Sen
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002987:Clitoris / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004842:Epispadias / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014521:Urethra / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D014844:Vulva / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery