title: Genetics of glioblastoma: a window into its imaging and histopathologic variability.
abstract: Glioblastoma is a highly malignant brain tumor that relentlessly defies therapy. Efforts over the past decade have begun to tease out the biochemical details that lead to its aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. There is hope that this new understanding will lead to improved treatment strategies for patients with glioblastoma, in the form of targeted, molecularly based therapies that are individualized to specific changes in individual tumors. However, these new therapies have the potential to fundamentally alter the biologic behavior of glioblastoma and, as a result, its imaging appearance. Knowledge about common genetic alterations and the resultant cellular and tissue changes (ie, induced angiogenesis and abnormal cell survival, proliferation, and invasion) in glioblastomas is important as a basis for understanding imaging findings before treatment. It is equally critical that radiologists understand which genetic pathway is targeted by each specific therapeutic agent or class of agents in order to accurately interpret changes in the imaging appearances of treated tumors.
authors: Department of Radiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Dr, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. Clifford.J.Belden@Hitchcock.org
authors: Clifford J
authors: CJ
authors: Belden
authors: Pablo A
authors: PA
authors: Valdes
authors: Cong
authors: C
authors: Ran
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Pastel
authors: Brent T
authors: BT
authors: Harris
authors: Camilo E
authors: CE
authors: Fadul
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Israel
authors: Keith
authors: K
authors: Paulsen
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Roberts
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D000077156:Gefitinib; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011799:Quinazolines; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; C105905:perifosine; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D000077156:Gefitinib