title: Regulation of growth factors-associated cell migration by C-phycocyanin scaffold in dermal wound healing.
abstract: 1. The present study examined the role of C-phycocyanin (C-pc) in relation to growth factors and cell migration during wound healing. 2. Histological and biochemical studies showed that C-pc scaffold significantly (P < 0.01) increased hydroxyl proline, total hexamine and protein content, and decreased uronic acid content in the wound tissues during a time course study in newly formed skin. 3. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction array of mouse growth factors in wound tissue showed overexpression (up to 10-fold) of growth factors, such as Cxcl12, Fgf18, Lefty 1, Lefty 2, Rabep 1 and Zip91, and downregulation (up to -10-fold) of Amh, Bmp 7 and Nodal genes in a 6-day period in C-pc treated groups. Also, Csf 3, Fgf 22, Mdk, Igf 2, transforming growth factor (TGF)-α 1 and interleukin (IL)-1β showed an upregulation of more than 30-fold than the control groups. TGF-β subfamily cytokine growth factors, such as Bmp 2, 4 and 8b, and other growth factors, such as Cxcl 1, showed the highest activity on day 3, showing a transient type of regulation. Western blot analysis showed a positive correlation between gene activity and protein expressions of Bmp 8b, Bmp4, Bmp2 and Cxcl 1. Day 6 in the C-pc group showed the highest csf3 and IL-1β expression. 4. C-pc had no direct effect on keratinocyte migration. However, keratinocytes that were co-cultured with fibroblasts showed a significantly higher rate of migration in the presence of C-pc, showing an indirect effect of C-pc on keratinocyte migration. 5. In conclusion, biodegradable C-pc scaffold might help to serve as an alternate scaffold material for wound healing.
authors: Department of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan. hkumar@med.miyazaki-u.ac.jp
authors: Harishkumar
authors: H
authors: Madhyastha
authors: Radha
authors: R
authors: Madhyastha
authors: Yuichi
authors: Y
authors: Nakajima
authors: Sayuri
authors: S
authors: Omura
authors: Masugi
authors: M
authors: Maruyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013718:Tensile Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010798:Phycocyanin; D003094:Collagen