title: Effects of a single post-partum injection of a high dose of vitamin D on glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in mothers with first-time gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to determine the effect of a single, large, intramuscular injection of vitamin D post-partum on glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five participants in a randomized controlled trial on gestational diabetes mellitus were divided into an intervention group and a control group. Only subjects in the intervention group received one intramuscular injection of 300,000 IU of vitamin D3. HbA(1c), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, fasting insulin and blood glucose, C-peptide, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), β-cell function, insulin sensitivity and the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) were measured at baseline and after 3 months of intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 80% of the mothers had a degree of vitamin D deficiency. Post-intervention, this was found in 4.2 and 71.4% in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The medians of HOMA-IR indices before and after intervention were 0.6 and 0.5 (P = 0.7), respectively, in subjects in the intervention group, and 0.5 and 0.9 (P = 0.01) in subjects in the control group. The mean of the QUICKI fell only in the control group (P = 0.008). In the control group, β-cell function increased by ~8% (P = 0.01) and insulin sensitivity decreased after 3 months (P = 0.002). Post-intervention, the median C-peptide decreased in the intervention group and increased in the control group, but the change was significant only in the control group (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single injection of 300,000 IU of vitamin D3 achieves a 3-month serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D range of 50-80 nmol/l and is an efficient, effective and safe procedure for improving the vitamin status and indices of insulin resistance in mothers with gestational diabetes after delivery.
authors: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Mozaffari.kh@gmail.com
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Mozaffari-Khosravi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Hosseinzadeh-Shamsi-Anar
authors: M-A
authors: MA
authors: Salami
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Hadinedoushan
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Mozayan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D