title: Pinealon increases cell viability by suppression of free radical levels and activating proliferative processes.
abstract: The synthetic tripeptide pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg) demonstrates dose-dependent restriction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cerebellar granule cells, neutrophils, and pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, induced by oxidative stress stimulated by receptor-dependent or -independent processes. At the same time, pinealon decreases necrotic cell death measured by the propidium iodide test. The protective effect of pinealon is accompanied with a delayed time course of ERK 1/2 activation and modification of the cell cycle. Because restriction of ROS accumulation and cell mortality is saturated at lower concentrations, whereas cell cycle modulation continues at higher concentrations of pinealon, one can conclude that besides its known antioxidant activity, pinealon is able to interact directly with the cell genome.
authors: Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, St. Petersberg, Russian Federation.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Khavinson
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Ribakova
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kulebiakin
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Vladychenskaya
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Kozina
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Arutjunyan
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Boldyrev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D009842:Oligopeptides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C570174:pinealon; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases