title: Natural and experimental infection of dogs with pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza virus.
abstract: Evidence of H1N1/2009 influenza virus infection was identified in two domestic dogs in China in November 2009. Virus isolation and sequence analysis of all eight genes of the two isolates showed that they were related closely to the H1N1/2009 influenza virus circulating in humans, indicating that they were probably acquired from humans. To determine the pathogenicity and transmissibility of H1N1/2009 influenza virus in dogs, experimental infection and transmission were performed. Inoculated dogs were able to shed virus in nasal secretions, but symptoms were very mild. Uninoculated dogs were co-mingled to determine the transmissibility of the isolate, and one of three exposed dogs was shown to develop infection. The present findings indicate that human H1N1/2009 can infect dogs, but is transmitted inefficiently between dogs.
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Degui
authors: D
authors: Lin
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Shasha
authors: S
authors: Sun
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Lijie
authors: L
authors: Du
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Jingjiao
authors: J
authors: Ma
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Linghong
authors: L
authors: Fan
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Pu
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Yipeng
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, Beijing 100012, PR China.
authors: Jingyi
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Honglei
authors: H
authors: Sun
authors: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors: Jinhua
authors: J
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D058873:Pandemics; D010802:Phylogeny