title: [Prevalence of smoking and second-hand smoke exposure: differences between Spanish and immigrant pregnant women].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify differences in the prevalence of smoking and second-hand smoke exposure between Spanish and immigrant pregnant women, as well as the factors associated with continued smoking during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  An epidemiologic cross-sectional study was carried out in women attended at delivery in Zaragoza (Spain). A smoking questionnaire was used to collect the following variables: the women's and partners' sociodemographic factors and smoking behavior, second-hand smoke exposure and perception of the risks of this exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 2440 women (35% immigrants). A total of 31.1% smoked before becoming pregnant and 18.2% during pregnancy, with significant differences between Spanish and immigrant women (21.9% versus 8.7%; p<0.001). Immigrant women lived with a greater number of smokers, smoked more inside the home, were exposed to second-hand smoke for a greater number of hours per day, avoided public places with second-hand smoke less, and more often worked in bars and restaurants. The following factors were associated with smoking during pregnancy: being Spanish, smoking a greater number of cigarettes before pregnancy, being exposed to second-hand smoke at home for a greater number of hours, having a low perception of risks and having a partner with lower educational attainment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of smoking is higher among Spanish pregnant women than immigrant women, although the immigrant population is more exposed to second-hand smoke at home and at work. There are socio-cultural differences that should be taken into account when carrying out interventions in women of reproductive age.
authors: Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, España. adrijmf@unizar.es
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Jiménez-Muro
authors: M Pilar
authors: MP
authors: Samper
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Marqueta
authors: Gerardo
authors: G
authors: Rodríguez
authors: Isabel
authors: I
authors: Nerín
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003469:Culture; D004522:Educational Status; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution