title: Effects of land use on surface-atmosphere exchanges of trace gases and energy in Borneo: comparing fluxes over oil palm plantations and a rainforest.
abstract: This paper reports measurements of land-atmosphere fluxes of sensible and latent heat, momentum, CO(2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), NO, NO(2), N(2)O and O(3) over a 30 m high rainforest canopy and a 12 m high oil palm plantation in the same region of Sabah in Borneo between April and July 2008. The daytime maximum CO(2) flux to the two canopies differs by approximately a factor of 2, 1200 mg C m(-2) h(-1) for the oil palm and 700 mg C m(-2) h(-1) for the rainforest, with the oil palm plantation showing a substantially greater quantum efficiency. Total VOC emissions are also larger over the oil palm than over the rainforest by a factor of 3. Emissions of isoprene from the oil palm canopy represented 80 per cent of the VOC emissions and exceeded those over the rainforest in similar light and temperature conditions by on average a factor of 5. Substantial emissions of estragole (1-allyl-4-methoxybenzene) from the oil palm plantation were detected and no trace of this VOC was detected in or above the rainforest. Deposition velocities for O(3) to the rainforest were a factor of 2 larger than over oil palm. Emissions of nitrous oxide were larger from the soils of the oil palm plantation than from the soils of the rainforest by approximately 25 per cent. It is clear from the measurements that the large change in the species composition generated by replacing rainforest with oil palm leads to profound changes in the net exchange of most of the trace gases measured, and thus on the chemical composition of the boundary layer over these surfaces.
authors: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik EH26 0QB, UK. d.fowler@ceh.ac.uk
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Fowler
authors: Eiko
authors: E
authors: Nemitz
authors: Pawel
authors: P
authors: Misztal
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Di Marco
authors: Ute
authors: U
authors: Skiba
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Ryder
authors: Carole
authors: C
authors: Helfter
authors: J Neil
authors: JN
authors: Cape
authors: Sue
authors: S
authors: Owen
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Dorsey
authors: Martin W
authors: MW
authors: Gallagher
authors: Mhairi
authors: M
authors: Coyle
authors: Gavin
authors: G
authors: Phillips
authors: Brian
authors: B
authors: Davison
authors: Ben
authors: B
authors: Langford
authors: Rob
authors: R
authors: MacKenzie
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Muller
authors: Jambery
authors: J
authors: Siong
authors: Cesare
authors: C
authors: Dari-Salisburgo
authors: Piero
authors: P
authors: Di Carlo
authors: Eleonora
authors: E
authors: Aruffo
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Giammaria
authors: John A
authors: JA
authors: Pyle
authors: C Nicholas
authors: CN
authors: Hewitt
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000081248:Allylbenzene Derivatives; D000531:Altitude; D000840:Anisoles / Q000737:chemistry; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry*; D001893:Borneo; D002070:Butadienes / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D004735:Energy Transfer; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D045782:Hemiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D008296:Malaysia; D008697:Methane / Q000737:chemistry; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry; D010420:Pentanes / Q000737:chemistry; D010788:Photosynthesis; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014197:Trees / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000081248:Allylbenzene Derivatives; D000840:Anisoles; D002070:Butadienes; D005740:Gases; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010420:Pentanes; D012987:Soil; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C005059:isoprene; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010126:Ozone; D002244:Carbon; C007633:estragole; D008697:Methane