title: Cost-effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in preventing Type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research has suggested people with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) are less likely to develop Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) if they receive prolonged structured diet and exercise advice. This study examined the within-trial cost-effectiveness of such lifestyle interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Screen-detected participants with either newly diagnosed T2DM or IFG were randomized 2:1 to intervention versus control (usual care) between February and December 2009, in Norfolk (UK). The intervention consisted of group based education, physiotherapy and peer support sessions, plus telephone contacts from T2DM volunteers. We monitored healthcare resource use, intervention costs, and quality of life (EQ-5D). The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gain (incremental cost effectiveness ratio [ICER]), and cost effectiveness acceptability curves (CEAC) were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 177 participants were recruited (118 intervention, 59 controls), with a mean follow-up of 7 months. Excluding screening and recruitment costs, the mean cost was estimated to be £551 per participant in the intervention arm, compared with £325 in the control arm. The QALY gains were -0.001 and -0.004, respectively. The intervention was estimated to have an ICER of £67,184 per QALY (16 percent probability of being cost-effective at the £20,000/QALY threshold). Cost-effectiveness estimates were more favorable for IFG participants and those with longer follow-up (≥ 4 months) (ICERs of £20,620 and £17,075 per QALY, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Group sessions to prevent T2DM were not estimated to be within current limits of cost-effectiveness. However, there was a large degree of uncertainty surrounding these estimates, suggesting the need for further research.
authors: Health Economics Group, Norwich Medical School-University of East Anglia, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK. l.irvine@uea.ac.uk
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Irvine
authors: Garry R
authors: GR
authors: Barton
authors: Amy V
authors: AV
authors: Gasper
authors: Nikki
authors: N
authors: Murray
authors: Allan
authors: A
authors: Clark
authors: Tracey
authors: T
authors: Scarpello
authors: Mike
authors: M
authors: Sampson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000191:economics* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose