title: Functions and regulation of the APOBEC family of proteins.
abstract: APOBEC1 is a cytidine deaminase that edits messenger RNAs and was the first enzyme in the APOBEC family to be functionally characterized. Under appropriate conditions APOBEC1 also deaminates deoxycytidine in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The other ten members of the APOBEC family have not been fully characterized however several have deoxycytidine deaminase activity on ssDNAs. Despite the nucleic acid substrate preferences of different APOBEC proteins, a common feature appears to be their intrinsic ability to bind to RNA as well as to ssDNA. RNA binding to APOBEC proteins together with protein-protein interactions, post-translation modifications and subcellular localization serve as biological modulators controlling the DNA mutagenic activity of these potentially genotoxic proteins.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. harold.smith@rochester.edu
authors: Harold C
authors: HC
authors: Smith
authors: Ryan P
authors: RP
authors: Bennett
authors: Ayse
authors: A
authors: Kizilyer
authors: William M
authors: WM
authors: McDougall
authors: Kimberly M
authors: KM
authors: Prohaska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D017393:RNA Editing
chemical_list: D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D012313:RNA; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase