title: Investigation of plasma biomarkers in HIV-1/HCV mono- and coinfected individuals by multiplex iTRAQ quantitative proteomics.
abstract: The analysis of plasma samples from HIV-1/HCV mono- and coinfected individuals by quantitative proteomics is an efficient strategy to investigate changes in protein abundances and to characterize the proteins that are the effectors of cellular functions involved in viral pathogenesis. In this study, the infected and healthy plasma samples (in triplicate) were treated with ProteoMiner beads to equalize protein concentrations and subjected to 4-plex iTRAQ labeling and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. A total of 70 proteins were identified with high confidence in the triplicate analysis of plasma proteins and 65% of the proteins were found to be common among the three replicates. Apolipoproteins and complement proteins are the two major classes of proteins that exhibited differential regulation. The results of quantitative analysis revealed that APOA2, APOC2, APOE, C3, HRG proteins were upregulated in the plasma of all the three HIV-1 mono-, HCV mono-, and coinfected patient samples compared to healthy control samples. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) of the upregulated proteins revealed that they are implicated in the hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation, and acute-phase response signaling pathways. Thus, we identified several differentially regulated proteins in HIV-1/HCV mono and coinfected plasma samples that may be potential biomarkers for liver disease.
authors: Immunotope, Inc., Pennsylvania Biotechnology Center, Doylestown, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors: Vivekananda
authors: V
authors: Shetty
authors: Pooja
authors: P
authors: Jain
authors: Zacharie
authors: Z
authors: Nickens
authors: Gomathinayagam
authors: G
authors: Sinnathamby
authors: Anand
authors: A
authors: Mehta
authors: Ramila
authors: R
authors: Philip
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D060085:Coinfection / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D016174:Hepacivirus; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry; D059748:Proteolysis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments