title: Manufacture of cellulose nanocrystals by cation exchange resin-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose.
abstract: Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were prepared from microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by hydrolysis with cation exchange resin (NKC-9) or 64% sulfuric acid. The cation exchange resin hydrolysis parameters were optimized by using the Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology. An optimum yield (50.04%) was achieved at a ratio of resin to MCC (w/w) of 10, a temperature of 48 °C and a reaction time of 189 min. Electron microscopy (EM) showed that the diameter of CNCs was about 10-40 nm, and the length was 100-400 nm. Regular short rod-like CNCs were obtained by sulfuric acid hydrolysis, while long and thin crystals of cellulose were obtained with the cation exchange resin. X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that, compared with MCC, the crystallinity of H2SO4-CNC and resin-CNC increased from 72.25% to 77.29% and 84.26%, respectively. The research shows that cation exchange resin-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose could be an excellent method for manufacturing of CNC in an environmental-friendly way.
authors: Jinshan College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors: Li-rong
authors: LR
authors: Tang
authors: Biao
authors: B
authors: Huang
authors: Wen
authors: W
authors: Ou
authors: Xue-rong
authors: XR
authors: Chen
authors: Yan-dan
authors: YD
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002412:Cations; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange / Q000379:methods*; D003460:Crystallization; D004777:Environment; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D053758:Nanoparticles; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D014867:Water; D002482:Cellulose; C033158:sulfuric acid