title: Salicylic acid and calcium-induced protection of wheat against salinity.
abstract: Soil salinity is one of the important environmental factors that produce serious agricultural problems. The objective of the present study was to determine the interactive effect of salicylic acid (SA) and calcium (Ca) on plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, proline (Pro) concentration, carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity and activities of antioxidant enzymes of Triticum aestivum L. (cv. Samma) under salt stress. Application of 90 mM of NaCl reduced plant growth (plant height, fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW), chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, CA activity) and enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA) and Pro concentration. However, the application of SA or Ca alone as well as in combination markedly improved plant growth, photosynthetic pigments, Pro concentration, CA activity and activities of antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) under salt stress. It was, therefore, concluded that application of SA and Ca alone as well as in combination ameliorated the adverse effect of salinity, while combined application proved more effective to reduce the oxidative stress generated by NaCl through reduced MDA accumulation, Chl a/b ratio and Chls degradation and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes.
authors: Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Mohamed H
authors: MH
authors: Al-Whaibi
authors: Manzer H
authors: MH
authors: Siddiqui
authors: Mohammed O
authors: MO
authors: Basalah
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011392:Proline / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054712:Salinity; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D011392:Proline; D010544:Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; D020156:Salicylic Acid; D002118:Calcium