title: General imprinting status is stable in assisted reproduction-conceived offspring.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether the genomic imprinting status of assistant reproductive technology (ART)-conceived offspring is stable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro fertilization (IVF) center, university-affiliated teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty ART-conceived babies (30 IVF and 30 intracytoplasmic sperm injection [ICSI]) and 60 naturally conceived babies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collection of umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression profile was examined by microarray and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), allele-specific expression was studied by direct sequencing after PCR, and DNA methylation status was investigated by sodium bisulfite sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hierarchic clustering demonstrated no obvious clustering between the ART- and naturally conceived offspring, suggesting similar genomic imprinting expression between the two groups. Three differentially expressed genes were identified in ART-conceived offspring, with PEG10 and L3MBTL up-regulated and PHLDA2 down-regulated. Allele-specific expression of the differentially expressed imprinted genes was maintained in the majority of the ART- and naturally conceived offspring. However, in one ICSI case, monoallelic expression of L3MBTL was disrupted and all CpGs were completely unmethylated. These were not inherited from the parents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The global profile of imprinting is stable in children conceived through ART. However, imprinting of a few specific imprinted genes may be vulnerable in a fraction of ART-conceived children.
authors: Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
authors: Chun
authors: C
authors: Feng
authors: Shen
authors: S
authors: Tian
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: He
authors: Xiao-Ming
authors: XM
authors: Zhu
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Zhang
authors: Jian-Zhong
authors: JZ
authors: Sheng
authors: He-Feng
authors: HF
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018392:Genomic Imprinting / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007246:Infertility / Q000628:therapy; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D054928:Validation Studies as Topic
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C120887:L3MBTL1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C432965:PEG10 protein, human; D011506:Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C109277:TSSC3 protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins