title: New approach to bone tissue engineering: simultaneous application of hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass coated on a poly(L-lactic acid) scaffold.
abstract: A combination of bioceramics and polymeric nanofibers holds promising potential for bone tissue engineering applications. In the present study, hydroxyapatite (HA), bioactive glass (BG), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles were coated on the surface of electrospun poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers, and the capacity of the PLLA, BG-PLLA, HA-PLLA, HA-BG-PLLA, and TCP-PLLA scaffolds for bone regeneration was investigated in rat critical-size defects using digital mammography, multislice spiral-computed tomography (MSCT) imaging, and histological analysis. Electrospun scaffolds exhibited a nanofibrous structure with a homogeneous distribution of bioceramics along the surface of PLLA nanofibers. A total of 8 weeks after implantation, no sign of complication or inflammation was observed at the site of the calvarial bone defect. On the basis of imaging analysis, a higher level of bone reconstruction was observed in the animals receiving HA-, BG-, and TCP-coated scaffolds compared to an untreated control group. In addition, simultaneous coating of HA and BG induced the highest regeneration among all groups. Histological staining confirmed these findings and also showed an efficient osseointegration in HA-BG-coated nanofibers. On the whole, it was demonstrated that nanofibrous structures could serve as an appropriate support to guide the healing process, and coating their surface with bioceramics enhanced bone reconstruction. These bioceramic-coated scaffolds can be used as new bone-graft substitutes capable of efficiently inducing osteoconduction and osseointegration in orthopedic fractures and defects.
authors: Stem Cell Biology Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
authors: Peyman
authors: P
authors: Dinarvand
authors: Ehsan
authors: E
authors: Seyedjafari
authors: Abbas
authors: A
authors: Shafiee
authors: Ali Babaei
authors: AB
authors: Jandaghi
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Doostmohammadi
authors: Mohammad Hossein
authors: MH
authors: Fathi
authors: Shirin
authors: S
authors: Farhadian
authors: Masoud
authors: M
authors: Soleimani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001846:Bone Development; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D019344:Lactic Acid; D017886:Durapatite