title: Synthesis and anticoagulant activity of the quaternary ammonium chitosan sulfates.
abstract: Quaternary ammonium chitosan sulfates with diverse degrees of substitution (DS) ascribed to sulfate groups between 0.52 and 1.55 were synthesized by reacting quaternary ammonium chitosan with an uncommon sulfating agent (N(SO(3)Na)(3)) that was prepared from sodium bisulfite (NaHSO(3)) through reaction with sodium nitrite (NaNO(2)) in the aqueous system homogeneous. The structures of the derivatives were characterized by FTIR, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR. The factors affecting DS of quaternary ammonium chitosan sulfates which included the molar ratio of NaNO(2) to quaternary ammonium chitosan, sulfated temperature, sulfated time and pH of sulfated reaction solution were investigated in detail. Its anticoagulation activity in vitro was determined by an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) assay, a thrombin time (TT) assay and a prothrombin time (PT) assay. Results of anticoagulation assays showed quaternary ammonium chitosan sulfates significantly prolonged APTT and TT, but not PT, and demonstrated that the introduction of sulfate groups into the quaternary ammonium chitosan structure improved its anticoagulant activity obviously. The study showed its anticoagulant properties strongly depended on its DS, concentration and molecular weight.
authors: Chemical Engineering Department, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China. lihongfan2000@hotmail.com
authors: Lihong
authors: L
authors: Fan
authors: Penghui
authors: P
authors: Wu
authors: Jinrong
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Song
authors: S
authors: Gao
authors: Libo
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Mingjia
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Mingming
authors: M
authors: Sha
authors: Weiguo
authors: W
authors: Xie
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Nie
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods; D013447:Sulfites / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D013918:Thrombin Time; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013447:Sulfites; C480355:chitosan sulfate; D048271:Chitosan; C009279:sodium bisulfite