title: Fluorine-free mixed amphiphilic polymers based on PDMS and PEG side chains for fouling release applications.
abstract: Fluorine-free mixed amphiphilic block copolymers with mixtures of short side groups of polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were synthesized and studied for their ability to influence the surface properties and control the adhesion of marine organisms to coated surfaces. The settlement (attachment) and strength of adhesion of two different marine algae, the green seaweed Ulva and the diatom Navicula, were evaluated against the surfaces. It is known that hydrophobic coatings based on polydimethyl siloxane elastomers (PDMSe) are prone to protein adsorption and accumulation of strongly adherent diatom slimes, in contrast to PEG-based hydrophilic surfaces that inhibit protein adsorption and moderate only weak adhesion of diatoms. By incorporating both PDMS and PEG side chains into the polymers, the effect of incorporating both polar and non-polar groups on fouling-release could be studied. The dry surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS). The ability of these mixed amphiphilic polymers to reconstruct in water was examined using underwater bubble contact angle and dynamic water contact angle experiments. To understand more about surface reconstruction behavior, protein adsorption experiments were carried out with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled bovine serum albumin (BSA-FITC) on both dry and pre-soaked surfaces.
authors: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors: Harihara S
authors: HS
authors: Sundaram
authors: Youngjin
authors: Y
authors: Cho
authors: Michael D
authors: MD
authors: Dimitriou
authors: Craig J
authors: CJ
authors: Weinman
authors: John A
authors: JA
authors: Finlay
authors: Gemma
authors: G
authors: Cone
authors: Maureen E
authors: ME
authors: Callow
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Callow
authors: Edward J
authors: EJ
authors: Kramer
authors: Christopher K
authors: CK
authors: Ober
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D057219:Biofouling / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017377:Diatoms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D044445:Ulva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D011506:Proteins; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D005461:Fluorine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C013830:baysilon