title: A food matrix reduces digestion and absorption of food allergens in vivo.
abstract: METHODS
  Food allergy is caused by primary (class 1) food allergens, e.g. Bos d 5 (cow's milk) and Cor a 8 (hazelnut) or secondary (class 2) food allergens, e.g. Mal d 1 (apple). The latter cannot sensitize susceptible individuals but can cause allergy due to immunological cross-reactivity with homologous respiratory allergens. Here, we studied the effects of food matrix on gastrointestinal proteolysis, epithelial transport and in vivo absorption of class 1 and class 2 food allergens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mal d 1 lost its IgE-reactivity immediately after simulated gastric digestion whereas Bos d 5 and Cor a 8 did not. Only Cor a 8 maintained IgE-binding capacity after simulated intestinal proteolysis. The presence of hazelnut and peanut extracts, which served as protein-rich model food matrices, delayed gastrointestinal degradation and reduced epithelial transport rates of all allergens through CaCo-2 monolayers. Finally, IgE-reactive allergens were assessed at different time points in sera from rats fed with all three allergens with or without hazelnut extract. The levels of all allergens peaked 2 h after animals were fed without matrix and increased over 8 h after feeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A protein-rich food matrix delays gastrointestinal digestion and epithelial transport of food allergens and thereby may affect their sensitizing capacity and clinical symptoms.
authors: Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Veronique
authors: V
authors: Schulten
authors: Iris
authors: I
authors: Lauer
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Scheurer
authors: Theresia
authors: T
authors: Thalhammer
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Bohle
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D052179:Antigens, Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000378:metabolism; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008297:Male; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D052179:Antigens, Plant; C527352:Cor a 8 allergen, Corylus avellana; C095551:MALD1 protein, Malus domestica; D010940:Plant Proteins; D007073:Immunoglobulin E