title: Characteristics of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in southern Brazil.
abstract: A major threat to tuberculosis (TB) control programs is the emergence of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that cause TB that cannot be cured by standard anti-TB drug regimens. Because few data exist on MDR-TB in this region of the country, we performed an epidemiologic study that combined conventional and molecular analysis of MDR-TB cases from Rio Grande do Sul (RS) that were diagnosed in this period and included cases that were under treatment with second line drug schemes. Included were 121 MDR cases and sequencing of rpoB and katG showed that 106 (87.6%) strains were mutated in rpoB and 97 (80.2%) in katG. Spoligotyping demonstrated that the LAM genotype was predominant (n = 70, 57.8%) and included the largest group composed by 22 (18.1%) strains with the LAM5 ST93 genotype. Other main genotypes belonged to the families T (n = 22, 18.2%), U family (n = 16, 13.2%), Haarlem (n = 5, 4.1%) and X (n = 1, 0.8%). Genotyping by IS6110-RFLP analysis showed 51 distinct fingerprints, 38 (31.4%) of these observed only once and the other 13 patterns being shared among the rest of the isolates (n = 83, 68.6%). Among the 22 strains that were LAM5 ST93, only two had different IS6110-RFLP genotypes. In conclusion, there exists a high degree of M. Tuberculosis genotype clustering among MDR-TB cases in Rio Grande do Sul. Moreover, we observed a large MDR-TB outbreak.
authors: Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada-Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA, 8001 Farroupilha Av., Zip code: 92425-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
authors: Paulo F
authors: PF
authors: Perizzolo
authors: Elis R
authors: ER
authors: Dalla Costa
authors: Andrezza W
authors: AW
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Fernanda S
authors: FS
authors: Spies
authors: Marta O
authors: MO
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Cláudia F
authors: CF
authors: Dias
authors: Gisela
authors: G
authors: Unis
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Almeida da Silva
authors: Harrison M
authors: HM
authors: Gomes
authors: Philip N
authors: PN
authors: Suffys
authors: Maria Lucia R
authors: ML
authors: Rossetti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C505805:rpoB protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D002374:Catalase; C480353:katG protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases