title: A new approach for the pistoning measurement in transtibial prosthesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Good suspension lessens the pistoning (vertical displacement) of the residual limb inside the prosthetic socket. Several methods are used for measuring the pistoning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical trial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To introduce and evaluate a new simple method for measuring the pistoning between the soft liner and socket in transtibial prostheses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five transtibial prostheses with Iceross silicone liner and shuttle lock were made for the subjects. The pistoning was measured between the liner and socket by a photographic method in single limb support on the prosthetic limb (full weight bearing), non-weight bearing and under three static axial loading conditions (30, 60 and 90 N).
  
  
  RESULTS
  This new method enabled us to measure the pistoning between the liner and prosthetic socket. The reproducibility of measurements in different trials of one session and between two sessions by two observers was shown to be high. The average of displacement between the liner and socket was about 9 mm in non-weight bearing compared with full weight bearing. Furthermore, as we expected, the average of pistoning increased consistently by adding the loads.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new method provides for easy and inexpensive determination of pistoning between the liner and socket by every prosthetist in clinical settings.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. gholizadeh87@yahoo.com
authors: Hossein
authors: H
authors: Gholizadeh
authors: Noor Azuan
authors: NA
authors: Abu Osman
authors: Ása  Gulaug
authors: Á
authors: Lúvíksdóttir
authors: Arezoo
authors: A
authors: Eshraghi
authors: Mojtaba
authors: M
authors: Kamyab
authors: Wan Abu Bakar
authors: WA
authors: Wan Abas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001186:Artificial Limbs; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010781:Photography; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D013977:Tibia; D016474:Weight-Bearing