title: Treatment with lenalidomide does not appear to increase the risk of progression in lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes with 5q deletion. A comparative analysis by the Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although lenalidomide is very effective in the treatment of anemia of lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes with 5q deletion (del 5q), concerns have been raised over the fact that this drug could trigger progression to acute myeloid leukemia in some patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-five transfusion-dependent patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes with del 5q were treated with lenalidomide (10 mg/day, for 3 weeks every 4 weeks); six (6.3%) of the patients progressed to acute myeloid leukemia. This cohort of 95 lenalidomide-treated patients was compared to a historical control cohort of 99 patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes with del 5q who never received lenalidomide, using a propensity score approach that can control for potential confounders in non-randomized comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 4-year estimated cumulative incidence of leukemia was 9% in patients treated with lenalidomide and 15.8% in controls who did not receive lenalidomide (P=0.16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a propensity score approach, we found no significant difference in acute myeloid leukemia progression and survival from diagnosis between the cohort treated with lenalidomide and the control cohort.
authors: Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Hôpital Avicenne, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 13 University, France.
authors: Lionel
authors: L
authors: Adès
authors: Fabien
authors: F
authors: Le Bras
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Sebert
authors: Charikleia
authors: C
authors: Kelaidi
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Lamy
authors: François
authors: F
authors: Dreyfus
authors: Virginie
authors: V
authors: Eclache
authors: Jacques
authors: J
authors: Delaunay
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Bouscary
authors: Sorin
authors: S
authors: Visanica
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Turlure
authors: Agnès Guerci
authors: AG
authors: Bresler
authors: Marie-Paule
authors: MP
authors: Cabrol
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Banos
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Blanc
authors: Norbert
authors: N
authors: Vey
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Delmer
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Wattel
authors: Sylvie
authors: S
authors: Chevret
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Fenaux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013792:Thalidomide; D000077269:Lenalidomide