title: Intracellular localization and cellular factors interaction of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 Tax proteins: similarities and functional differences.
abstract: Human T-lymphotropic viruses type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) present very similar genomic structures but HTLV-1 is more pathogenic than HTLV-2. Is this difference due to their transactivating Tax proteins, Tax-1 and Tax-2, which are responsible for viral and cellular gene activation? Do Tax-1 and Tax-2 differ in their cellular localization and in their interaction pattern with cellular factors? In this review, we summarize Tax-1 and Tax-2 structural and phenotypic properties, their interaction with factors involved in signal transduction and their localization-related behavior within the cell. Special attention will be given to the distinctions between Tax-1 and Tax-2 that likely play an important role in their transactivation activity.
authors: Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
authors: Umberto
authors: U
authors: Bertazzoni
authors: Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Turci
authors: Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Avesani
authors: Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
authors: Gianfranco
authors: G
authors: Di Gennaro
authors: Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Bidoia
authors: Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
authors: Maria Grazia
authors: 0000-0002-7360-1195
authors: MG
authors: Romanelli
mesh_terms: D016356:Gene Products, tax / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D015491:HTLV-II Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015367:Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D021381:Protein Transport; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D016356:Gene Products, tax