title: Analysis of Salvinorin A in plants, water, and urine using solid-phase microextraction-comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry.
abstract: Salvinorin A, a psychoactive hallucinogen, and related compounds, were analyzed in plants, water, and urine using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-ToFMS). A semi-qualitative study of the extraction of Salvinorin A and analogs from Salvia divinorum plants by LLE showed ppb levels of Salvinorin A and several analogs in the leaves and stems of S. divinorum plants, much lower than expected. Quantitative analysis of Salvinorin A spiked into water and urine showed much better figures of merit for SPME than LLE, with limit of detection of about 5 ng/mL, linear range from 8 to 500 ng/mL and precision about ±10% for the SPME-based analyses using external standard quantitation. GC×GC-ToFMS was especially effective in separating the peaks of interest from matrix and chromatographic interferences.
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center For Academic Industry Partnership, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Avenue, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA.
authors: Brian B
authors: BB
authors: Barnes
authors: Nicholas H
authors: NH
authors: Snow
mesh_terms: D045785:Diterpenes, Clerodane / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D027544:Salvia / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D045785:Diterpenes, Clerodane; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; C090499:salvinorin A