title: Elevated expression of transforming growth factor β3 in carbon tetrachloride-treated             rat liver and involvement of retinoid signaling.
abstract: Transforming growth factor (TGF) β is a pro-fibrotic cytokine. While three             isoforms (TGF-β1, 2 and 3) are known, the functional differences between them             are obscure. To investigate the roles of TGF-β isoforms during liver fibrogenesis,             male Wistar rats were administrated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) subcutaneously             twice a week for two months. Livers were excised and sectioned for histochemical             examinations. These livers were also used to quantitate the expression of genes             associated with fibrogenesis, including TGF-β isoforms, as well as those associated             with retinoid metabolism. Expression levels of Tgfb1 and Tgfb3 were up-regulated             in CCl4-treated rat livers while that of Tgfb2 was not changed. The mRNAs for             lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (Lrat) and retinoic acid hydroxylase, Cyp26a1,             were also elevated. By immunohistochemical staining, TGF-β3 protein was found             to be localized mainly in liver parenchymal cells (hepatocytes). These results             indicate that retinoid mobilization likely takes place within the rat's liver             following CCl4 treatment, and suggest the possibility that the expression of Tgfb             mRNA is regulated by retinoic acid receptors. Reporter analyses of a region of             the Tgfb3 gene were performed using the rat liver parenchymal cell line, RLC-16,             and a positively responsive region was identified within its intron.
authors: Department of Cell Biology and Morphology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Hondo, Akita, Japan. mezaki@gipc.akita-u.ac.jp
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Mezaki
authors: Mayako
authors: M
authors: Morii
authors: Kiwamu
authors: K
authors: Yoshikawa
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Yamaguchi
authors: Kiyofumi
authors: K
authors: Satoyoshi
authors: Mitsutaka
authors: M
authors: Miura
authors: Katsuyuki
authors: K
authors: Imai
authors: Tatsuzo
authors: T
authors: Hebiguchi
authors: Tomonori
authors: T
authors: Habuchi
authors: Haruki
authors: H
authors: Senoo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002460:Cell Line; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008106:Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012176:Retinoids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012176:Retinoids; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3