title: Post-traumatic implant-supported restoration of the anterior maxillary teeth using cancellous bone block allografts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the outcome of dental implants placed in the post-traumatic anterior maxilla after ridge augmentation with cancellous freeze-dried block bone allografts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients presenting with a history of anterior dentoalveolar trauma with bony deficiencies in the sagittal (≥3 mm) and vertical (<3 mm) planes according to computed tomography were included. The recipient sites were reconstructed with cancellous bone block allografts. After 6 months of healing, implants were placed. The primary outcomes of interest were 1) bone measurements taken before grafting, at the time of implant placement, and at stage 2 operations; 2) implant survival; and 3) complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample was composed of 20 consecutive patients with a mean age of 25 ± 7 years. We used 28 cancellous allogeneic bone blocks, and 31 implants were inserted. Of the 31 implants, 12 were immediately restored. The mean follow-up was 42 ± 15 months. Graft and implant survival rates were 92.8% and 96.8%, respectively. Mean bone gain in the sagittal and vertical planes was 5 ± 0.5 mm horizontally and 2 ± 0.5 mm (P < .001). Successful restoration was achieved in all patients with fixed implant-supported prostheses. Soft tissue complications occurred in 7 patients (35%). Complications after cementation of the crowns were seen in 3 implants (9.6%). All implants remained clinically osseointegrated at the end of the follow-up examination. There was no crestal bone loss around the implants beyond the first implant thread.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cancellous block allograft can be used successfully for post-traumatic implant-supported restoration in the anterior maxilla.
authors: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. nissandr@post.tau.ac.il
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Nissan
authors: Ora
authors: O
authors: Gross
authors: Ofer
authors: O
authors: Mardinger
authors: Oded
authors: O
authors: Ghelfan
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Sacco
authors: Gavriel
authors: G
authors: Chaushu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002484:Cementation; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult