title: From PDE3B to the regulation of energy homeostasis.
abstract: The incidence of obesity in the developed world is increasing at an alarming rate. Concurrent with the increase in the incidence of obesity is an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cGMP are key second messengers in all cells; for example, when it comes to processes of relevance for the regulation of energy metabolism, cAMP is a key mediator in the regulation of lipolysis, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and pancreatic β cell insulin secretion. PDE3B, one of several enzymes which hydrolyze cAMP and cGMP, is expressed in cells of importance for the regulation of energy homeostasis, including adipocytes, hepatocytes, hypothalamic cells and β cells. It has been shown, using PDE3 inhibitors and gene targeting approaches in cells and animals, that altered levels of PDE3B result in a number of changes in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and in overall energy homeostasis. This article highlights the complexity involved in the regulation of PDE3B by hormones, and in the regulation of downstream metabolic effects by PDE3B in several interacting tissues.
authors: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Division for Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Eva.Degerman@med.lu.se
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Degerman
authors: Faiyaz
authors: F
authors: Ahmad
authors: Youn Wook
authors: YW
authors: Chung
authors: Emilia
authors: E
authors: Guirguis
authors: Bilal
authors: B
authors: Omar
authors: Lena
authors: L
authors: Stenson
authors: Vincent
authors: V
authors: Manganiello
mesh_terms: D052438:Adipocytes, White / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D058987:Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D058987:Phosphodiesterase 3 Inhibitors; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; C517291:PDE3B protein, human; D006152:Cyclic GMP