title: Local anesthesia: a strategy for reducing surgical site infections?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical site infections (SSIs) contribute to increased morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization costs. A previously unidentified factor that may reduce SSIs is the use of local anesthesia. The objective of this study was to determine if the use of local anesthesia is independently associated with a lower incidence of SSIs compared to nonlocal anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database (2005-2007), we identified all patients undergoing surgical procedures that could be performed using local or general anesthesia, depending on the preference of the surgeon. Logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with the use of local anesthesia. Propensity matching was then used to match local and nonlocal anesthesia cases while controlling for patient and operative characteristics. SSI rates were compared using a χ(2) test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 111,683 patients, 1928 underwent local anesthesia; and in 109,755 cases the patients were given general anesthesia where a local anesthetic potentially could have used. In the unmatched analysis, patients with local anesthesia had a significantly lower incidence of SSIs than patients with nonlocal anesthesia (0.7 vs. 1.4%, P = 0.013). Similarly, after propensity matching, the incidence of SSIs in patients given local anesthesia was significantly lower than for that of patients given nonlocal anesthesia (0.8 vs. 1.4%, P = 0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of local anesthesia is independently associated with a lower incidence of SSIs. It may provide a safe, simple approach to reducing the number of SSIs.
authors: Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, 2926A Taubman Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5331, USA.
authors: Jay S
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: Awori J
authors: AJ
authors: Hayanga
authors: James J
authors: JJ
authors: Kubus
authors: Henry
authors: H
authors: Makepeace
authors: Max
authors: M
authors: Hutton
authors: Darrell A
authors: DA
authors: Campbell
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Englesbe
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*