title: Gastric electrical stimulation on gastric motility in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate and compare the effects of synchronized dual-pulse gastric electrical stimulation (SDPS) and conventional gastric electrical stimulation (CGES) on antral contractions, gastric tone, and autonomic functions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven female hound dogs implanted with four pairs of electrodes on gastric serosa were studied in two separate experiments. The first experiment was designed to investigate the effects of SDPS/CGES on gastric tone and heart rate variations. The second experiment was performed to study the effects of SDPS/CGES on antral contractions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1) SDPS induced gastric antral contractions in the fasting state, whereas CGES at the intrinsic or a tachygastrial frequency had no effects on fasting antral contractions. 2) SDPS enhanced postprandial antral contractions impaired by glucagon; however, CGES at a tachygastrial frequency inhibited postprandial antral contractions. In addition, CGES at the intrinsic frequency of the stomach had no effects on postprandial antral contractions. 3) SDPS or CGES at the intrinsic frequency of the stomach had no effects on gastric tone, but CGES at a tachygastrial frequency reduced gastric tone. 4) SDPS excited vagal activity, but CGES at a tachygastrial frequency inhibited vagal activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SDPS improves antral contractions but does not affect gastric tone and thus may have potential for treating gastric motility disorders. CGES at a tachygastrial frequency inhibits gastric tone and contractions and may be applicable for treating obesity. The excitatory or inhibitory effects of SDPS/CGES on gastric motility may be mediated via vagal pathway.
authors: Veterans Research Foundation, VA Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
authors: Geng-Qing
authors: GQ
authors: Song
authors: Jiande D Z
authors: JD
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D013270:Stomach / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005934:Glucagon