title: Bromate removal by anaerobic bacterial community: mechanism and phylogenetic characterization.
abstract: A highly bromate resistant bacterial community and with ability for bromate removal was obtained from a sulphate-reducing bacteria enrichment consortium. This community was able to remove 96% of bromate and 99% of sulphate from an aqueous solution containing 40 μM bromate and 10 mM sulphate. Moreover, 93% of bromate was removed in the absence of sulphate. Under this condition bromate was reduced stoichiometrically to bromide. However, in the presence of sulphate only 88% of bromate was reduced to bromide. Although, bromate removal was not affected by the absence of sulphate, this anion promoted a modification on the structure of the bacterial community. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene showed that the community grown in the presence of bromate and sulphate was mainly composed by bacteria closely to Clostridium and Citrobacter genera, while the community grown in the absence of sulphate was predominantly composed by Clostridium genus. It is the first time that Clostridium and Citrobacter genera are reported as having bromate removal ability. Furthermore, bromate removal by the consortium predominantly composed by Clostridium and Citrobacter genera occurred by enzymatic reduction and by extracellular metabolic products, while the enzymatic process was the only mechanism involved in bromate removal by the consortium mainly composed by Clostridium genus.
authors: Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faculdade de Ciências e de Tecnologia, Departamento de Química e Farmácia, Faro, Portugal. afassuncao@ualg.pt
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Assunção
authors: Mónica
authors: M
authors: Martins
authors: Gonçalo
authors: G
authors: Silva
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Lucas
authors: Maria Rosário
authors: MR
authors: Coelho
authors: Maria Clara
authors: MC
authors: Costa
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001959:Bromates / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017931:DNA Primers; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D001959:Bromates; D017931:DNA Primers