title: Creation of the virtual patient for the study of facial morphology.
abstract: The author provides an overview of the new imaging technologies that allow the practitioner to accurately capture the patient's soft tissue facial morphology and underlying bones and teeth, including details of dental model integration. This article describes how a virtual patient is created and manipulated and the practical use of this technology. It takes the quantification of the 3D surface further by proposing a reference framework of landmarks of craniofacial structure that can be used for comparison of surgical change, growth, gender, and phenotype.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Dentistry, 1919 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. ckau@uab.edu
authors: Chung How
authors: CH
authors: Kau
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004954:Esthetics; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011859:Radiography; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*; D014584:User-Computer Interface