title: MR venography of the brain with enhanced vessel contrast using image-domain high-pass filtering of the susceptibility phase shift.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a postprocessing algorithm that enhances the visibility of intracranial venous vasculature and reduces the artifacts in the display of susceptibility-weighted images (SWI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Image-domain high-pass filters based on second-order phase difference were applied to the complex 3D SWI data to enhance the susceptibility phase shift of the veins and suppress background signal in SWI. A multivariant statistical parameter was used to suppress the noise in air.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Magnetic resonance (MR) venography with enhanced susceptibility phase shift and reduced off-resonance artifacts was obtained using the proposed filters. The background signal in the 3D MR venography data was well suppressed. Venous vasculature in the peripheral regions of the brain was well depicted and the adverse effect of noise in air in the maximum-intensity projection display of the 3D SWI data was well suppressed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Image-domain high-pass filtering with second-order phase difference provides an alternative display of 3D SWI data with enhanced visibility of the venous vasculature and effective suppression of artifacts.
authors: Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors: Zhaoyang
authors: Z
authors: Jin
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Xia
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Lou
authors: Minming
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Yiping P
authors: YP
authors: Du
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010690:Phlebography / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media