title: Patient-reported outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes using mealtime inhaled technosphere insulin and basal insulin versus premixed insulin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed patient-reported outcomes in a multicenter study of adults with type 2 diabetes taking mealtime Technosphere(®) inhaled insulin (MannKind Corp., Valencia, CA) and basal insulin (insulin glargine) or premixed aspart insulin 70/30.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 618 non-smoking adults with starting hemoglobin A1c >7.0%: 302 in the Technosphere+glargine (TI+G) arm and 316 in the biphasic rapid-acting insulin arm (premixed aspart insulin 70/30). Subjects (47% male; mean age, 56 years; mean duration of diagnosed diabetes, 13.4 years) completed a measure of health-related quality of life (the SF-36) and a measure of treatment satisfaction (the Inhaled Insulin Treatment Questionnaire [IITQ]) before starting insulin treatment and approximately 45 weeks later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant changes in either treatment arm for SF-36 Physical or Mental Component Summary measures. IITQ Diabetes Worries declined significantly in the TI+G arm (P=0.008), and Perceptions of Insulin Therapy, Treatment Satisfaction, and Treatment Preference improved in both arms (all P<0.001); there were no significant between-arm differences in change on any of these measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with inhaled Technosphere insulin was implemented without a negative impact on health-related quality of life and with a reduction in diabetes worries. Improvements in perceptions of insulin therapy, treatment satisfaction, and treatment preference did not differ from treatment with premixed aspart insulin.
authors: Department of Sociology, Loyola University Maryland, 4501 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21210, USA. Mpeyrot@loyola.edu
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Peyrot
authors: Richard R
authors: RR
authors: Rubin
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin