title: Effect of Traumeel S on cytokine profile in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sepsis results in significant morbidity and mortality, with current treatment options limited with respect to efficacy as well as safety. The complex homeopathic remedy Traumeel S has been shown to have both anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory effects in the in vitro setting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to explore the effects of Traumeel S in an in vivo setting, using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model in rats, evaluating the effects of the medication on cytokine activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sepsis was induced in 30 rats using accepted CLP methodology. Following the procedure, rats were randomly allocated to receive an intraperitoneal injection of either Traumeel S (n=15) or normal saline (n=15). At 6 hours post-CLP, serum cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-10) were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-1β levels were significantly higher in the treatment group (p=0.03) with no significant differences found between the groups with respect to the other cytokines tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to in vitro studies, Traumeel significantly increased IL-1β levels in an in vivo model, without influencing other cytokines. IL-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine that has been shown to have a protective effect in the CLP rat model. Further research is warranted to examine this finding, as well as its clinical implications.
authors: The Center for Integrative Complementary Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors: Menachem
authors: M
authors: Oberbaum
authors: Ram M
authors: RM
authors: Spira
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Lukasiewicz
authors: Yaron
authors: Y
authors: Armon
authors: Noah
authors: N
authors: Samuels
authors: Shepherd Roee
authors: SR
authors: Singer
authors: Vivian
authors: V
authors: Barak
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Izbicki
authors: Sharon
authors: S
authors: Einav
authors: Moshe
authors: M
authors: Hersch
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002432:Cecum; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006705:Homeopathy; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008903:Minerals / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008903:Minerals; D010936:Plant Extracts; C433370:Traumeel S