title: Herd prevalence of bovine brucellosis and analysis of risk factors in cattle in urban and peri-urban areas of the Kampala economic zone, Uganda.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human brucellosis has been found to be prevalent in the urban areas of Kampala, the capital city of Uganda. A cross-sectional study was designed to generate precise information on the prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and risk factors for the disease in its urban and peri-urban dairy farming systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The adjusted herd prevalence of brucellosis was 6.5% (11/177, 95% CI: 3.6%-10.0%) and the adjusted individual animal prevalence was 5.0% (21/423, 95% CI: 2.7%-9.3%) based on diagnosis using commercial kits of the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CELISA) for Brucella abortus antibodies. Mean within-herd prevalence was found to be 25.9% (95% CI: 9.7%-53.1%) and brucellosis prevalence in an infected herd ranged from 9.1% to 50%. A risk factor could not be identified at the animal level but two risk factors were identified at the herd level: large herd size and history of abortion. The mean number of milking cows in a free-grazing herd (5.0) was significantly larger than a herd with a movement restricted (1.7, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vaccination should be targeted at commercial large-scale farms with free-grazing farming to control brucellosis in cattle in and around Kampala city.
authors: Centre for Infectious Diseases, Division of Pathway Medicine, School of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, 1 Summerhall Square, Edinburgh, EH9 1QH, UK. kmakita@rakuno.ac.jp
authors: Kohei
authors: K
authors: Makita
authors: Eric M
authors: EM
authors: Fèvre
authors: Charles
authors: C
authors: Waiswa
authors: Mark C
authors: MC
authors: Eisler
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Thrusfield
authors: Susan C
authors: SC
authors: Welburn
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D002007:Brucellosis, Bovine / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003612:Dairying; D005260:Female; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data