title: Plasma levels of potassium and magnessium after modified ultrafiltration in pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Modified ultrafiltration (MUF) reduces some of the complications associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric cardiac surgery. However, we have observed hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia in children when MUF is used. Such alterations may elicit severe arrhythmias in the postoperative period. To date, no studies have focused on the effects MUF may have in plasma levels of potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg). The objective of our study was to determine if there is any variation in plasma levels of K (plK) and Mg (plMg) after MUF in children undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen children scheduled for cardiac surgery with CBP and MUF were prospectively studied. Anesthetic, CPB and MUF management were standardized for all patients, the latter lasting for 10 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma K average levels before and after MUF were 4.16 mmol/L and 3.58 mmol/L, respectively. The average plasma Mg levels before and after MUF were 4.82 mmol/L and 4.81 mmol/L, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The plasma level of K is reduced by 13.7% after MUF (p<0.0001). The reduction in Mg at the same period of time was not statistically significant (p<0.970).
authors: Division of Anesthesiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors: R
authors: R
authors: López
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Lema
authors: A
authors: A
authors: González
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Carvajal
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Canessa
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Carrasco
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Lazo
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Hudson
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Gonzalez
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Frangini
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D007223:Infant; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium