title: Health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the source water and drinking water of China: Quantitative analysis based on published monitoring data.
abstract: A carcinogenic risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in source water and drinking water of China was conducted using probabilistic techniques from a national perspective. The published monitoring data of PAHs were gathered and converted into BaP equivalent (BaP(eq)) concentrations. Based on the transformed data, comprehensive risk assessment was performed by considering different age groups and exposure pathways. Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis were applied to quantify uncertainties of risk estimation. The risk analysis indicated that, the risk values for children and teens were lower than the accepted value (1.00E-05), indicating no significant carcinogenic risk. The probability of risk values above 1.00E-05 was 5.8% and 6.7% for adults and lifetime groups, respectively. Overall, carcinogenic risks of PAHs in source water and drinking water of China were mostly accepted. However, specific regions, such as Yellow river of Lanzhou reach and Qiantang river should be paid more attention. Notwithstanding the uncertainties inherent in the risk assessment, this study is the first attempt to provide information on carcinogenic risk of PAHs in source water and drinking water of China, and might be useful for potential strategies of carcinogenic risk management and reduction.
authors: State key lab of pollutant control and resource reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China. bwu@nju.edu.cn
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: Wu
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Xu-Xiang
authors: XX
authors: Zhang
authors: Shu-Pei
authors: SP
authors: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D035501:Uncertainty; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D060766:Drinking Water; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical