title: Ultrasound-guided caudad epidural access for the lumbosacral neurostimulation: case report and technical note.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This is a case report and description of a new ultrasound-guided caudad epidural needle placement for percutaneous stimulation of the lumbosacral roots.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using ultrasonography pertinent spinal and neuroaxial anatomy was visualized. In-plane approach with continuous monitoring of the needle advancement was utilized. The needle was seamlessly placed in the epidural space on the first attempt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinal sonography is a promising imaging method to facilitate percutaneous caudad epidural access.
authors: Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA. gofeld@uw.edu
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Gofeld
mesh_terms: D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000628:therapy; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004824:Epidural Space / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000502:physiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult