title: The immunity-related GTPase Irgm3 relieves endoplasmic reticulum stress response during coxsackievirus B3 infection via a PI3K/Akt dependent pathway.
abstract: The IRG protein Irgm3 preserves cell survival during coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection. However, the molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here, we examined the effect of Irgm3 expression on ER stress triggered by pharmacological agents or CVB3 infection. In Tet-On/Irgm3 HeLa cells, Irgm3 expression suppressed either chemical- or CVB3-induced upregulation of glucose-regulated protein 78. Further, Irgm3 strongly inhibited the activation of both the PERK and ATF6 pathways of ER stress responses, which further led to the diminished phosphorylation of eIF2α, reduced cleavage/activation of transcription factor SREBP1 and attenuated induction of proapoptotic genes CHOP and GADD34. These data were further supported by experiments using Irgm3 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, in which the ER stress induced by CVB3 was not relieved due to the lack of Irgm3 expression. In addition, the tunicamycin-triggered ER stress promoted the subsequent CVB3 infection. The effect of Irgm3 on ER stress and CVB3 infection was diminished by the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, while inhibitors of ERK, JNK and p38 had no effect. These data were further corroborated by transfection of cells with a dominant negative Akt. Taken together, these data suggest that Irgm3 relieves the ER stress response via a PI3K/Akt dependent mechanism, which contributes to host defence against CVB3 infection.
authors: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia - The Heart + Lung Institute - St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
authors: Zhen
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: Huifang M
authors: HM
authors: Zhang
authors: Ji
authors: J
authors: Yuan
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Ye
authors: Gregory A
authors: GA
authors: Taylor
authors: Decheng
authors: D
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP / Q000378:metabolism; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6; D002867:Chromones; D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009025:Morpholines; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C497111:ATF6 protein, human; C497249:DDIT3 protein, human; C497387:SREBF1 protein, human; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C087519:PPP1R15A protein, human; C513539:IRGM protein, human