title: Pain induced by a minor medical procedure (bone marrow aspiration) in dogs: comparison of pain scales in a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is a clinical procedure frequently performed in dogs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare levels of pain intensity induced by 3 different BMA procedures using several pain scoring instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen healthy Beagles.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective experimental pilot study was conducted using blinded observers. Dogs were randomized into 3 groups: iliac BMA under sedation (Iliac-Sed, n = 4), sternum BMA under sedation (Stern-Sed, n = 4), and sternum BMA on conscious dogs without sedation (Stern-No-Sed, n = 8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the SF-Glasgow pain scale, the overall pain score in the Stern-No-Sed group was lower than that in the Stern-Sed group (P = 0.04). Using the 4A-VET pain scale, the effects of procedures over time on pain scores did not differ between and within groups. An inactivity index indicated that the overall score for the Stern-No-Sed group was significantly lower than the scores for the Stern-Sed and Iliac-Sed groups (P ≤ 0.01). There was a significant association in pain assessment using the SF-Glasgow and 4A-VET pain scales (P = 0.0004). When comparing the SF-Glasgowscale to the 4A-VET pain scale, the scores for the Stern-No-Sed group were lower compared to those of the Stern-Sed scores (P = 0.03). Based on telemetered motor activity, the Iliac-Sed group may have experienced more discomfort during the post-procedural period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dogs may experience mild to moderate pain after BMA procedures, and the sternal site should be preferred. The SF-Glasgow pain scale showed better interobserver reliability, but the 4A-VET scale was less biased by sedation.
authors: Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Guillot
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Rialland
authors: M-È
authors: MÈ
authors: Nadeau
authors: J R E
authors: JR
authors: Del Castillo
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Gauvin
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Troncy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D054810:Deep Sedation / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007085:Ilium; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000662:veterinary*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013249:Sternum; D013686:Telemetry / Q000662:veterinary