title: Generation of reactive oxygen species in adipose-derived stem cells: friend or foe?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reactive oxygen species (ROS) participate in cellular apoptosis and are involved in pathophysiological etiology of degenerative diseases. However, recent studies suggest that ROS at low levels may play a pivotal role as second messengers and activate normal cellular processes. Intracellular ROS increase the proliferation, migration, and regenerative potential of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). In contrast, manipulations that diminish intracellular ROS levels interfere with normal ASC function. ROS generation therefore acts like a double-edged sword.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review discusses the following research questions: i) Do ROS stimulate or suppress ASCs? ii) How are ROS generated from ASCs? iii) Which function(s) is/are regulated by intracellular ROS generation? In addition, the antioxidant/antiapoptotic effect of ASCs is briefly introduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whether ROS is harmful or beneficial is primarily a question of dosage. Low or moderate ROS generation increases the proliferation, migration and regenerative potential of ASCs. Therefore, it is beneficial to expose ASCs to moderate oxidative stress during manipulation. The addition of a ROS donor in culture can reduce the cost for the expansion of ASCs and a ROS preconditioning can enhance the regenerative potential of ASCs.
authors: CHA University, Department of Biomedical Science, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Sang Gyu
authors: SG
authors: Park
authors: Ji Hye
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Xia
authors: Jong-Hyuk
authors: JH
authors: Sung
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species