title: Intake of whole grain in Scandinavia: intake, sources and compliance with new national recommendations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to describe the intake of whole grain (WG) in Norway, Sweden and Denmark, and to investigate what proportion of the study population that met the new WG recommendation (75 g WG/day per 10 MJ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive study. Data is from one 24h dietary recall (24HDR) collected in 1995-2000 from a subset (n = 8,702) of the large Scandinavian cohort "HELGA" consisting of participants aged 30-65 years from three cohorts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean WG intake was far below the recommended level. Between 16% (Danish men) and 35% (Norwegian women) consumed at least the recommended intake of WG. Among women, the median intake of WG products (g WG products/day) was 114 g/day in Norway and 108 g/day in Denmark, whereas the intake was much lower in Sweden (64 g/day). For women, the median intake of WG in absolute amounts (g WG/day) was again highest in Norway (44 g/day), but lower in both Sweden (35 g/day) and Denmark (31 g/day). For men (no data available for Norwegian men), the intake of WG products was higher in Denmark (138 g/day) compared to Sweden (79 g/day), but when looking at the WG intake in absolute amounts, the intake was highest in Sweden (49 g/day) compared to Denmark (41 g/day).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study described the intake of WG as well as the sources of WG in Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Between 16% and 35% met the new recommendations on intake of WG.
authors: Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark. ceciliek@cancer.dk
authors: Cecilie
authors: C
authors: Kyrø
authors: Guri
authors: G
authors: Skeie
authors: Lars O
authors: LO
authors: Dragsted
authors: Jane
authors: J
authors: Christensen
authors: Kim
authors: K
authors: Overvad
authors: Göran
authors: G
authors: Hallmans
authors: Ingegerd
authors: I
authors: Johansson
authors: Eiliv
authors: E
authors: Lund
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Slimani
authors: Nina F
authors: NF
authors: Johnsen
authors: Jytte
authors: J
authors: Halkjær
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Tjønneland
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Olsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries