title: Measurement of reaction time in the home for people with dementia: a feasibility study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive decline is the cardinal symptom of dementia. Accurate measurement of changes in cognition, while essential for testing interventions to slow cognitive decline, can be challenging in people with dementia (PWD). For example, the laboratory environment may cause anxiety and negatively affect performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  In healthy people, researchers measure one aspect of cognition, attention, via assessing reaction times in a laboratory environment. This repeated-measures study investigated the feasibility of reaction time measurement in participants' homes using the computerized psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) for PWD. Research questions were (a) Can laboratory controls be replicated in the home? (b) Where do PWD perform PVT trials optimally? and (c) What are the preferences of PWD and their caregivers? Two groups that differed by sequence of testing location completed 12 reaction time assessments over 2 days. Caregiver and person with dementia dyad preferences were examined in a follow-up phone interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete data were collected from 14 dyads. Although there were slight differences in lighting between settings, the time of day, temperature, and sound did not differ. There were no significant differences in PVT performance between the two locations, but the group who tested in the home on Day 1 performed better than the group who tested in the lab on Day 1. All participants preferred home examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is feasible to measure reaction times in the home. Home testing contributes to optimal performance and participants preferred the home.
authors: University of Kansas, School of Nursing, Kansas City, KS 66106, USA. ccole@kumc.edu
authors: Catherine S
authors: CS
authors: Cole
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Mennemeier
authors: James E
authors: JE
authors: Bost
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Smith-Olinde
authors: Diane
authors: D
authors: Howieson
mesh_terms: D001131:Arkansas; D003704:Dementia / Q000451:nursing / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D011930:Reaction Time