title: Inhibitory effect of blueberry polyphenolic compounds on oleic acid-induced hepatic steatosis in vitro.
abstract: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide and is closely associated with metabolic syndromes, such as obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance. Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), also called simple steatosis, is the initial phase of NAFLD, which is accompanied the characteristic pathological overaccumulation of lipids without inflammation. To prevent NAFLD from reaching the NAFL stage through dietary therapy, in the present work, wild Chinese blueberries (Vacciniun spp.) were selected for their well-known benefits in inhibiting metabolic syndrome. After being purified from wild Chinese blueberries, polyphenol-rich extracts were subsequently separated into three fractions, namely, anthocyanin-rich fraction, phenolic acid-rich fraction, and ethyl acetate extract. The inhibition of oleic acid (OA)-induced triglyceride (TG) deposition in HepG 2 cells was referred to as the potential activity of preventing NAFL. Biochemical indicators, such as cytotoxicity, TG level, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and intracellular reactive oxygen species, were used to evaluate the analogous pathological stage of NAFLD. The results show that OA ≤ 1.0 mM exhibits a dose-dependent induction of TG accumulation, and no inflammation was observed based on the changes in ALT and AST levels. Therefore, 1.0 mM OA was used to simulate an in vitro fatty liver. Blueberry polyphenol-rich extract efficiently inhibited OA-induced TG accumulation in HepG2 cells, and the phenolic acid-rich fraction performed efficiently. Seven phenolic acids were subsequently identified using a high-performance liquid chromatography assay, and the main types were caffeic, chlorogenic, ferulic, p-coumaric, and cinnamic acids. These phenolic acid standards also displayed good efficiency in inhibiting TG accumulation in HepG2 cells. These results imply that wild Chinese blueberries have a potential preventive effect on NAFLD in its early stage, and phenolic acids are the most efficient component.
authors: Functional Food Research Laboratory, College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
authors: Yixiang
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Dan
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Di
authors: D
authors: Zhang
authors: Yechun
authors: Y
authors: Lv
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wei
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Wu
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Zhou
authors: Miaomiao
authors: M
authors: Tang
authors: Ting
authors: T
authors: Mao
authors: Mengmeng
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Baoping
authors: B
authors: Ji
mesh_terms: D029798:Blueberry Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D020011:Protective Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid