title: Effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (E321) pretreatment versus L-arginine on liver injury after sub-lethal dose of endotoxin administration.
abstract: Aim of this study was to compare the effects of L-arginine (L-arg) and food-antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) against oxidative stress of Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS) in liver. Ninety Wistar albino rats were assigned in three groups. Rats received one of the following pre-treatment previous to 5mg/kg LPS intraperitoneally: saline, L-arg (NO donor, 100mg/kg) or BHT (250 mg/kg/day), for 3 days. At second, fourth and sixth hours, plasma nitrite-plus-nitrate, circulating liver enzymes, glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities were measured. The most remarkable liver injury was evident in BHT pre-treated animals at all time points compared to L-arg pre-treated rats. While BHT enhanced superoxide dismutase activities following LPS, glutathione decreased simultaneously compared to L-arg group. Although the risk associated with the use of BHT alone in subthreshold doses appeared to be low, higher risk of liver toxicity should be considered when over-consuming this food additive in endotoxemic settings.
authors: Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, TR 06330 Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Ayse Basak
authors: AB
authors: Engin
authors: Neslihan
authors: N
authors: Bukan
authors: Osman
authors: O
authors: Kurukahvecioglu
authors: Leyla
authors: L
authors: Memis
authors: Atilla
authors: A
authors: Engin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D005503:Food Additives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D005503:Food Additives; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; C044101:endotoxin, Escherichia coli; D001120:Arginine; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione