title: The roles of social support and psychological distress in lung transplant candidacy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Social support appears to be an important component in lung transplantation. However, the relationship between social support, psychological distress, and listing status has not been evaluated in lung transplant candidates.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationships between depression, anxiety, and social support in patients with end-stage lung disease being evaluated for transplantation and determine (1) relationships between social support, depression, anxiety, and coping via seeking emotional and instrumental support; (2) whether social support explains a significant proportion of the variance in depression and anxiety; and (3) whether these factors were associated with whether a patient was listed for transplant.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this observational study, patients completed self-report questionnaires after their pretransplant evaluations. Listing status was subsequently obtained from medical records.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were patients with end-stage lung disease evaluated for transplantation at a major hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey, COPE Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Social support was associated with depression, anxiety, and seeking support (P values < .01). When other factors related to these variables were controlled for, social support explained a significant proportion of the variance in depression (9%), state anxiety (8%), and trait anxiety (7%; all P values <.001). Patients who were listed for transplant reported seeking more emotional and instrumental support than did patients who were not listed (all P values < or = .05). Whether a patient was listed for transplant was not associated with depression, state anxiety, trait anxiety, or availability of social support. Results highlight the important role that coping via seeking support plays in transplant candidacy.
authors: Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-PSY, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA. kristin.phillips@moffitt.org
authors: Kristin M
authors: KM
authors: Phillips
authors: Eileen J
authors: EJ
authors: Burker
authors: Hayley C
authors: HC
authors: White
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009657:North Carolina; D012944:Social Support