title: Quantitative and transformation product analysis of major active physalins from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii (Chinese lantern) using ultraperformance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chinese lantern is the calyx or calyx-with-fruit of the plant Physalis alkekengi .var. franchetii (Solanaceae), and is potential material for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Physalins are the most active and representative secondary metabolites of Chinese lantern. A separation and quantification method based on UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was developed for the quantitative analysis of five active physalins. The transformation products were also detected and identified for the first time.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish a LC-MS/MS method to quantify five physalins in Chinese lantern for the purpose of quality control, and to identify the transformation products of 4,7-didehydrophysalin B.
  
  
  METHODS
  The separation was carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP C₁₈-column with water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase under gradient conditions. ESI-MS/MS was used as the detector to quantify the five physalins. The transformation products of 4,7-didehydroneophysalin B were detected by UPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS and identified through comparing their HRMS and MS² ion fragmentations with corresponding references.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the compounds showed good linearity (R²  > 0.998). The recoveries, measured at three concentration levels, varied from 98.8 to 101.4% with RSDs < 4.5%. The total contents of the five physalins in Chinese lantern varied significantly. Three transformation products of 4,7-didehydroneophysalin B were detected and tentatively identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study developed a highly effective analytical method for the quality control of Chinese lantern, and it could provide comprehensive information for quality evaluation and new drug development of Chinese lantern.
authors: College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 338 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors: Yunliang
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Yiping
authors: Y
authors: Ren
authors: Lianjun
authors: L
authors: Luan
authors: Yongjiang
authors: Y
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D057230:Limit of Detection; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D032321:Physalis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011786:Quality Control; D012015:Reference Standards; D012632:Secosteroids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D012632:Secosteroids; C441429:physalin D; C569084:physalin G; C033270:physalin B