title: Role of biological therapy for inflammatory bowel disease in developing countries.
abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global disease. Its incidence in developing countries is rising. In Asia, this has been attributed to the rapid modernisation and westernisation of the population. As IBD emerges in developing nations, there is a need to reconcile the most appropriate treatment for these patient populations from the perspectives of both disease presentation and cost. In the West, biological agents are the fastest-growing segment of the prescription drug market. They typically cost several thousand to several tens of thousands of dollars per patient per year. The healthcare systems in developing countries will struggle to afford such expensive treatments. Developing countries cover two-thirds of the earth's surface and are home to 3-5 billion inhabitants, constituting three-quarters of all humanity. If IBD emerges to the same extent in those countries as it has in the West, the need for biological therapy will increase dramatically, and the pharmaceutical industry, healthcare providers, patient advocate groups, governments and non-governmental organisations will have to discuss how to handle this. The authors propose that this dialogue should begin now with regard to (1) the major needs of patients with complicated IBD in developing countries, (2) the potential need for biological therapy in developing countries to treat IBD, (3) the necessary infrastructure for selecting patients with IBD who need biological therapy, and (4) medical/ethical issues limiting the use of biological therapy.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University-Hospital of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. gerhard.rogler@usz.ch
authors: Gerhard
authors: G
authors: Rogler
authors: Charles N
authors: CN
authors: Bernstein
authors: Ajit
authors: A
authors: Sood
authors: Khean Lee
authors: KL
authors: Goh
authors: Jesús K
authors: JK
authors: Yamamoto-Furusho
authors: Zaigham
authors: Z
authors: Abbas
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Fried
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001691:Biological Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics; D003906:Developing Countries; D016527:Drug Costs; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000941:ethics; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal