title: Modification of the cranial closing wedge ostectomy technique for the treatment of canine cruciate disease. Description and comparison with standard technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a modification of the cranial closing wedge ostectomy (CCWO) technique and to compare its efficacy to the standard technique on cadaveric specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  The standard and modified CCWO technique were applied to eight pairs of cadaveric tibiae. The following parameters were compared following the ostectomy: degrees of plateau levelling achieved (degrees), tibial long axis shift (degrees), reduction in tibial length (mm), area of bone wedge removed (cm²), and the area of proximal fragment (cm²).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The size of the removed wedge of bone and the reduction in tibial length were significantly less with the modified CCWO technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified CCWO has two main advantages. Firstly a smaller wedge is removed, allowing a greater preservation of bone stock in the proximal tibia, which is advantageous for implant placement. Secondly, the tibia is shortened to a lesser degree, which might reduce the risk of recurvatum, fibular fracture and patella desmitis. These factors are particularly propitious for the application of this technique to Terrier breeds with excessive tibial plateau angle, where large angular corrections are required. The modified CCWO is equally effective for plateau levelling and results in an equivalent tibial long-axis shift. A disadvantage with the modified technique is that not all of the cross sectional area of the distal fragment contributes to load sharing at the osteotomy.
authors: School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, North Somerset BS40 5DU, UK. adrian.wallace@bristol.ac.uk
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Wallace
authors: E S
authors: ES
authors: Addison
authors: B A
authors: BA
authors: Smith
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Radke
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Hobbs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery