title: Clinical features and functional outcome of stroke after transient ischemic attack.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) greatly increase the risk of stroke, but few reports have examined subsequent stroke in patients with history of TIA.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective, hospital-based study included 506 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to our hospital. The clinical features and prognosis were compared between patients with and without TIA. Multiple logistic regression analysis was also performed to identify predictors for poor outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 506 patients, 114 (22.5%) had a history of TIA. Compared to patients without previous TIAs (non-TIA group), patients with previous TIAs (TIA group) were significantly more likely to have hypertension (76.3% vs 64.3%; P = .016), dyslipidemia (57.0% vs 41.1%; P = .003), chronic kidney disease (28.1% v 15.1%; P = .001), intracranial major artery stenosis (51.8% vs 36.2%; P = .018), and large artery atherothrombosis (43.9% vs 28.3%; P = .002). There was no difference in the previous use of antithrombotic medications between the groups (36.0% vs 35.2%; P = .881). Although stroke severity on admission was similar, poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≥4) was significantly more frequent in the TIA group, and history of TIA was an independent determinant of unfavorable outcome on multiple logistic regression analysis (odds ratio 1.46; 95% confidence interval 1.02-2.10; P = .041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atherothrombotic stroke with concomitant vascular risk factors were more frequent in the stroke patients with than without previous TIA. Antithrombotic therapy was conducted only in one-third of the patients even after TIA. The stroke patients with history of TIA were at great risk of disabling stroke.
authors: Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. thoshino@nij.twmu.ac.jp
authors: Takao
authors: T
authors: Hoshino
authors: Satoko
authors: S
authors: Mizuno
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Shimizu
authors: Shinichiro
authors: S
authors: Uchiyama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010343:Patient Admission; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D013997:Time Factors