Lipophilic hydroxytyrosol esters: fatty acid conjugates for potential topical administration.
Hydroxytyrosol is a potent antioxidant natural molecule isolated from olive leaves and fruits. The presence of three hydroxy groups in its structure poses a limit for the topical application of this lead compound. A set of hydroxytyrosol conjugates with fatty acids at different molecular weights were synthesized under mild conditions. The topical delivery features of this new set of antioxidant molecules were evaluated as a function of their permeation profiles through the human stratum corneum and viable epidermis membranes. A dependence on their partition coefficients, their molecular weights, and their isometric configurations was then postulated. Encouraging results prompt further investigations on the polyfunctional role that hydroxytyrosol conjugates could have as agents in both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant therapies.
Dipartimento Farmacobiologico, Università Magna Græcia di Catanzaro Complesso Ninì Barbieri, 88021, Roccelletta di Borgia (CZ), Italy. procopio@unicz.it
Antonio
A
Procopio
Christian
C
Celia
Monica
M
Nardi
Manuela
M
Oliverio
Donatella
D
Paolino
Giovanni
G
Sindona
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; C005975:3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol