Combination of the Framingham risk score and carotid intima-media thickness improves the prediction of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate whether carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) add value to the Framingham risk score (FRS) in predicting the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in type 2 diabetic patients with a negative history of CVD.


METHODS
Type 2 diabetic patients (n = 783) were retrospectively recruited and followed for CVD.


RESULTS
During a 5.4-year follow-up period, 85 incidences of CVD were recorded (10.9%). After adjustment for conventional arterial risk factors, multivariate analysis with the Cox proportional hazards model identified IMT, but not baPWV, as a significant determinant of CVD. In addition, the combination of FRS with IMT, but not with baPWV, improved the prediction of CVD.


CONCLUSIONS
Carotid IMT is a significant predictor of CVD in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, and the combination of FRS and IMT improves the prediction of CVD in these patients.
Department of Medicine, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Michiko
M
Yoshida
Tomoya
T
Mita
Risako
R
Yamamoto
Tomoaki
T
Shimizu
Fuki
F
Ikeda
Chie
C
Ohmura
Akio
A
Kanazawa
Takahisa
T
Hirose
Ryuzo
R
Kawamori
Hirotaka
H
Watada
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors