Clinical review of pulmonary embolism: diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common disease causing significant morbidity, mortality, and substantial socioeconomic costs. The correct diagnosis and management of PE, however, offers many challenges. As a result, ongoing research continues to develop and refine new and existing diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as therapeutic interventions, leading to significant improvements in the care of PE over the past 2 decades. This article summarizes the current literature to aid the clinician in the correct integration and implementation of these advances in the treatment of PE.
Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. James.hunt@ucdenver.edu
James M
JM
Hunt
Todd M
TM
Bull
D000465:Algorithms; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis; D055436:Growth Differentiation Factor 15 / Q000097:blood; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000097:blood; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008487:Medical History Taking; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism; D014692:Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology
D000925:Anticoagulants; D000991:Antithrombins; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D055436:Growth Differentiation Factor 15; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D014336:Troponin; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain