Biomechanical analysis of a novel femoral neck locking plate for treatment of vertical shear Pauwel's type C femoral neck fractures.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study is to determine the biomechanical stability of a novel prototype femoral neck locking plate (FNLP) for treatment of Pauwels type C femoral neck fractures compared with other current fixation methods.


METHODS
Forty femur sawbones were divided into groups and a vertical femoral neck fracture was made. Each group was repaired with one of the following: (CS) three parallel cancellous screws; (XCS) two cancellous lag screws into the head and one transverse lag screw into the calcar; and (FNLP) a novel FNLP with two 5.7 mm locking, one lag screw into the calcar and two screws into the shaft; and (AMBI) a two-hole, 135° AMBI plate with a derotation screw. All groups were tested for change in axial stiffness over 20000 cycles, and rotational stiffness was measured before and after cyclic testing. A maximum load to failure test was also conducted. Results were compared with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher protected least significant difference (PLSD).


RESULTS
Results for axial stiffness show that AMBI, CS, XCS and FNLP are 2779.0, 2207.2, 3029.9 and 3210.7 N-m mm(-1), respectively. Rotational rigidity results are 4.5, 4.1, 17.1 and 18.7 N-m mm(-1). The average cyclic displacements were 0.75, 0.88, 0.80 and 0.65 mm, respectively. Destructive failure loads for AMBI, CS, XCS and FNLP were 2.3, 1.7, 1.6 and 1.9 kN, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this experiment show statistically significant increases in axial stiffness for the FNLP compared with three traditional fixation methods. The FNLP demonstrates increased mechanical stiffness and combines the desirable features of current fixation methods.
University of Tennessee, College of Medicine Chattanooga, Department of Orthopaedics, 975 East Third Street, Hospital Box 287, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA.
Peter J
PJ
Nowotarski
Bain
B
Ervin
Brian
B
Weatherby
Jonathan
J
Pettit
Ron
R
Goulet
Brent
B
Norris
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans