First trimester vaginal bleeding and adverse pregnancy outcomes among Chinese women: from a large cohort study in China.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effect of first trimester vaginal bleeding on adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery, low birth weight and small for gestational age.


METHODS
This is a prospective population-based cohort study. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 4342 singleton pregnancies by trained doctors. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate risk ratios (RRs) and 95% conﬁdence intervals (95% CI).


RESULTS
Vaginal bleeding occurred among 1050 pregnant women, the incidence of vaginal bleeding was 24.2%, 37.4% of whom didn't see a doctor, 62.6% of whom saw a doctor for vaginal bleeding. Binary logistic regression demonstrated that bleeding with seeing a doctor was significantly associated with preterm birth (RR 1.84, 95% CI 1.25-2.69) and bleeding without seeing a doctor was related to increased of low birth weight (RR 2.52, 95% CI 1.34-4.75) and was 1.97-fold increased of small for gestational age (RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.19-3.25).


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that first trimester vaginal bleeding is an increased risk of low birth weight, preterm delivery and small for gestational age. Find ways to reduce the risk of vaginal bleeding and lower vaginal bleeding rate may be helpful to reduce the incidence of preterm birth, low birth weight and small for gestational age.
Department of Maternal, Child & Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Hefei, China.
Lu
L
Sun
Fangbiao
F
Tao
Jiahu
J
Hao
Puyu
P
Su
Fang
F
Liu
Rong
R
Xu
D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000502:physiology; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D018401:Sample Size; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult