The effect of zoledronate-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites on osteoclasts and osteoblast-like cells in vitro.
This study demonstrates that zoledronate containing hydroxyapatite nanocrystals (HA-ZOL) can be synthesized as a single crystalline phase up to a zoledronate content of about 7 wt% by direct synthesis in aqueous solution, at variance with what previously found for alendronate-hydroxyapatite nanocrystals (HA-AL). On increasing zoledronate incorporation, the length of the coherent crystalline domains and the crystal dimensions of hydroxyapatite decrease, whereas the specific surface area increases. Full profile fitting of the powder X-ray diffraction patterns does not indicate major structural modifications, but an increase of the hydroxyapatite unit cell, on increasing zoledronate content. These data, together with a structural similarity between hydroxyapatite and calcium zoledronate, suggest a preferential interaction between zoledronate and the hydroxyapatite faces parallel to the c-axis direction. Osteoblast-like MG-63 cells and human osteoclasts were cultured on HA-ZOL nanocrystals and as a comparison on HA-AL nanocrystals containing almost the same (about 7 wt%) bisphosphonate amount. The beneficial influence of bisphosphonates on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation is enhanced when the tests are performed in co-cultures. Similarly, the reduction of osteoclast proliferation and the increase of Caspase 3 production are dramatically enhanced in co-cultures, which highlight an even greater influence of HA-ZOL than HA-AL on osteoclast apoptosis.
Department of Chemistry G. Ciamician, University of Bologna, Italy.
Elisa
E
Boanini
Paola
P
Torricelli
Massimo
M
Gazzano
Milena
M
Fini
Adriana
A
Bigi
D019386:Alendronate / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D017886:Durapatite; D019386:Alendronate