Watershed and discharge influences on the phase distribution and tributary loading of total mercury and methylmercury into Lake Superior.
Knowledge of the partitioning and sources of mercury are important to understanding the human impact on mercury levels in Lake Superior wildlife. Fluvial fluxes of total mercury (Hg(T)) and methylmercury (MeHg) were compared to discharge and partitioning trends in 20 sub-basins having contrasting land uses and geological substrates. The annual tributary yield was correlated with watershed characteristics and scaled up to estimate the basin-wide loading. Tributaries with clay sediments and agricultural land use had the largest daily yields with maxima observed near the peak in water discharge. Roughly 42% of Hg(T) and 57% of MeHg was delivered in the colloidal phase. Tributary inputs, which are confined to near-shore zones of the lake, may be more important to the food-web than atmospheric sources. The annual basin-wide loading from tributaries was estimated to be 277 kg yr(-1) Hg(T) and 3.4 kg yr(-1) MeHg (5.5 and 0.07 mg km(-2) d(-1), respectively).
Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 North Park Street, Madison, WI 53706-1484, USA. cbabiarz@wisc.edu
Christopher
C
Babiarz
Stephen
S
Hoffmann
Ann
A
Wieben
James
J
Hurley
Anders
A
Andren
Martin
M
Shafer
David
D
Armstrong
D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006114:Great Lakes Region; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009864:Ontario; D011792:Quebec; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D008767:Methylmercury Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008628:Mercury