Extraction of organic materials from red water by metal-impregnated lignite activated carbon.
Extraction of organic materials from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) red water by lignite activated carbon (LAC) impregnated with Cu(2+), Ba(2+), Sn(2+), Fe(3+), Ca(2+) and Ag(+) was investigated. The affinity to organic materials in red water was found to follow the order: Cu/LAC>Sn/LAC>Ag/LAC>Ba/LAC>Fe/LAC>Ca/LAC, which was explained by the hard and soft acid base (HSAB) theory. Cu(2+) showed the best performance and several parameters were further studied. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) verified effective loading of Cu(2+) on the LAC surface. The water quality before and after treated by Cu/LAC was evaluated using high performance liquid chromatograph, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS), UV-vis spectroscopy and other analyses. The extraction performances and mechanism of organic materials on Cu/LAC were investigated through static methods. The experimental results showed that Cu/LAC possessed stronger extraction ability for the sulfonated nitrotoluenes than the non-sulfonated nitrotoluenes, the kinetic data fitted the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. In addition, the leaching out of Cu(2+) from Cu/LAC was found much lower in the 100 times diluted red water (0.074%) than in the raw water (10.201%). Column adsorptions with more concentrated red water were also studied. Finally, Cu/LAC was observed to possess excellent reusability as well.
State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes & Mineral Resources, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China.
Fangfang
F
Wei
Yihe
Y
Zhang
Fengzhu
F
Lv
Paul K
PK
Chu
Zhengfang
Z
Ye
D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003031:Coal / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
D003031:Coal; D008670:Metals; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014867:Water; D002244:Carbon