[Cancer immunotherapy: recent breakthroughs and perspectives].
Immunotherapy of cancer has long been considered as an attractive therapeutic approach but with no impact on clinical practice. Two clinical protocols of immunotherapy, one based on a cancer vaccine in patients with prostate cancer or melanoma and the other using an immunomodulator targeting T cells (anti-CTLA4 mAb) in melanoma patients, have demonstrated clinical efficacy in two phase III clinical trials. To improve these encouraging clinical results, biomarkers to better select patients which may benefit from this therapy are actively searched. In addition, immunosuppression associated with cancer has to be overcome to allow a better immunostimulation. In contrast to chemotherapy, clinical variables to monitor the efficacy of immunotherapy has to be revisited and overall survival appears to be a better endpoint than clinical response defined by the RECIST criteria. Combination of immunotherapy with conventional treatments (chemotherapy, anti-angiogenic, etc.) should further improve this approach both in its effectiveness and in its clinical indications.
Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France. eric.tartour@egp.aphp.fr
Eric
E
Tartour
Federico
F
Sandoval
Jean-Yves
JY
Bonnefoy
Wolf H
WH
Fridman
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000639:trends*; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D051379:Mice; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000628:therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D035703:Therapies, Investigational
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins