Central nervous system pericytes in health and disease.
Pericytes are uniquely positioned within the neurovascular unit to serve as vital integrators, coordinators and effectors of many neurovascular functions, including angiogenesis, blood-brain barrier (BBB) formation and maintenance, vascular stability and angioarchitecture, regulation of capillary blood flow and clearance of toxic cellular byproducts necessary for proper CNS homeostasis and neuronal function. New studies have revealed that pericyte deficiency in the CNS leads to BBB breakdown and brain hypoperfusion resulting in secondary neurodegenerative changes. Here we review recent progress in understanding the biology of CNS pericytes and their role in health and disease.
Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
Ethan A
EA
Winkler
Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
Robert D
RD
Bell
Center for Neurodegenerative and Vascular Brain Disorders, Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
Berislav V
BV
Zlokovic
D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D020286:Pericytes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D015398:Signal Transduction
D051880:Receptors, Notch