Pathophysiology of bladder dysfunction in Parkinson's disease.
Bladder dysfunction (urinary urgency/frequency) is a common non-motor disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD). In contrast to motor disorders, bladder dysfunction is sometimes non-responsive to levodopa treatment. The brain pathology causing the bladder dysfunction (appearance of overactivity) involves an altered dopamine basal ganglia-frontal circuit, which normally suppresses the micturition reflex. The pathophysiology of the bladder dysfunction in PD differs from that in multiple system atrophy; therefore, it might aid in differential diagnosis. Anticholinergic agents are used to treat bladder dysfunction in PD, although these drugs should be used with caution particularly in elderly patients who have cognitive decline. These treatments might be beneficial in maximizing the patients' quality of life.
Neurology, Internal Medicine, Sakura Medical Center, Toho University, Sakura, Japan. sakakibara@sakura.med.toho-u.ac.jp
Ryuji
R
Sakakibara
Fuyuki
F
Tateno
Masahiko
M
Kishi
Yohei
Y
Tsuyuzaki
Tomoyuki
T
Uchiyama
Tatsuya
T
Yamamoto
D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000503:physiopathology; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000009:adverse effects; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics
D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D004298:Dopamine