A comparative study of the role of cytokine polymorphisms interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in susceptibility to implant failure and chronic periodontitis.
OBJECTIVE
The presence of pathogenic microorganisms associated with both chronic periodontitis and implant failure can induce a host immune response. The type of response is determined by an individual's genetic makeup. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relationship between interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) polymorphisms and patient susceptibility to chronic periodontitis or implant failure and to compare their immunogenetic functions.


METHODS
This study recruited subjects according to clinical diagnostic criteria for failing implants, chronic periodontitis, healthy implants, and healthy controls. Human DNA from buccal swabs was analyzed by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis performed for gene polymorphisms of IL-10 (IL-10, IL-1082, IL-819, and IL-592) and TNF-α (TNF-α-308). Differences in the polymorphisms between test groups and healthy controls were assessed by Pearson chi-square test.


RESULTS
A total of 95 patients (16 failing implants, 22 chronic periodontitis, 23 healthy implants, and 34 healthy controls) were enrolled in this study. No significant association of IL-10 and TNF-α alleles, genotypes, or haplotypes were observed in chronic periodontitis or failing implant patients (P > .005). However, both patient groups showed highly similar frequencies of alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes (P > .99).


CONCLUSIONS
This study found no significant association of either IL-10 or TNF-α genes in the susceptibility to the development of chronic periodontitis or implant failure.
Department of Genetics and Bio-Engineering, University of Yeditepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
Ceyda
C
Gurol
Ender
E
Kazazoglu
Behiye
B
Dabakoglu
May
M
Korachi
D000225:Adenine; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000235:genetics; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics*; D003596:Cytosine; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000235:genetics; D006147:Guanine; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007125:Immunogenetics; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D013941:Thymine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
D015921:Dental Implants; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D006147:Guanine; D003596:Cytosine; D000225:Adenine; D013941:Thymine