The pain experiences of powered wheelchair users.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the experience of pain and discomfort in users of electric-powered indoor/outdoor wheelchairs (EPIOCs) provided by a National Health Service.


METHODS
EPIOC users receiving their chair between February and November 2002 (N = 74) were invited to participate in a telephone questionnaire/interview and 64 (aged 10-81 years) agreed. Both specific and open-ended questions examined the presence of pain/discomfort, its severity, minimizing and aggravating factors, particularly in relation to the EPIOC and its use.


RESULTS
Most EPIOC users described experiences of pain with 17% reporting severe pain. Over half felt their pain was influenced by the wheelchair and few (25%) considered their chair eased their symptoms. The most common strategy for pain relief was taking medication. Other self-help strategies included changing position, exercise and complementary therapies. Respondents emphasized the provision of backrests, armrests, footrests and cushions which might alleviate or exacerbate pain, highlighting the importance of appropriate assessment for this high dependency group.


CONCLUSIONS
Users related pain to their underlying medical condition, their wheelchair or a combination of the two. User feedback is essential to ensure that the EPIOC meets health needs with minimal pain. This becomes more important as the health condition of users changes over time.
Stanmore Specialist Wheelchair Service, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, United Kingdom. andrew.frank1@btinternet.com
Andrew O
AO
Frank
Lorraine H
LH
De Souza
Julia L
JL
Frank
Claudius
C
Neophytou
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004560:Electricity; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014910:Wheelchairs / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult