Volatile constituents of Origanum vulgare L., 'thymol' chemotype: variability in North India during plant ontogeny.
Essential oils derived from six different phenophases, namely early vegetative stage, late vegetative stage, early flowering stage, full flowering stage (FFS), late flowering stage and seed shattering stage of Origanum vulgare L. grown in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand, India were investigated by GC and GC-MS. A total of 38 constituents, representing 97.4-99.7% of the total oil composition, were identified. Major components of oils were thymol (40.9-63.4%), p-cymene, (5.1-25.9%), γ-terpinene (1.4-20.1%), bicyclogermacrene (0.2-6.1%), terpinen-4-ol (3.5-5.9%), α-pinene (1.6-3.1%), 1-octen-3-ol (1.4-2.7%), α-terpinene (1.0-2.2%), carvacrol (<0.1-2.1%), β-caryophyllene (0.5-2.0%) and β-myrcene (1.2-1.9%). Thymol, terpinen-4-ol, 3-octanol, α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, α-cubebene and (E)-β-ocimene were observed to be higher during FFS. The study showed that plant stage had a significant effect on the essential oil content and composition of O. vulgare grown in the hilly tracks of Northern India.
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP, CSIR), Research Centre, Pantnagar, P.O.-Dairy Farm Nagla, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand 263149, India. rswaroop1979@yahoo.com
Ram Swaroop
RS
Verma
Rajendra Chandra
RC
Padalia
Amit
A
Chauhan
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D000081007:Cymenes; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007194:India; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D031341:Origanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013943:Thymol / Q000737:chemistry*
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; C008574:beta-myrcene; C007210:4-cymene; D013943:Thymol; C010789:beta-pinene; C018669:gamma-terpinene; C073316:carvacrol