Human and peoples' rights: social representations among Cameroonian students.
Social representations of human and peoples' rights were studied among Cameroonian university students (N = 666) with a questionnaire based on the UN Declaration of Human Rights and the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights and Duties. The respondents were asked how important and how well realized they regarded the 39 human and peoples' rights to be. A 13-factor model provided the best fit with Cameroonian students' perceptions of human and peoples' rights. Taken as a whole, our results are in line with previous quantitative studies on human rights, confirming structural similarity but also country-specific variation in the aggregation of specific rights. Moreover, our data showed that Cameroonian students value human and peoples' rights highly (M = 6.18), whereas their fulfillment is not regarded as highly (M = 5.09). Same law for all, equality and freedom, and right to work and living were highly appreciated but lowly realized rights. Higher than average in importance and realization were right to education and self-fulfillment, right to marriage and property, peoples' social and political basic rights and right to life and safety. Low in importance and realization were peoples' right to their country's natural resources and independence, right to meetings, and right to express opinion. Women appreciated the rights more than men and thought of their rights as better realized compared to men. We suggest that when women say that their rights are better fulfilled than men do, it is in comparison with the older generation, who are still very dependent on men. Nowadays, thanks to education and urbanization, young women have wider choices or opportunities for marriage and jobs. Men may feel frustrated in the context of political liberalization because the freedoms are more theoretical than fulfilled; the economic crises and cultural changes have hindered their economic domination and their prerogatives.
University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. anna-maija.pirttila-backman@helsinki.fi
Anna-Maija
AM
Pirttilä-Backman
Raul
R
Kassea
Inari
I
Sakki
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D002163:Cameroon; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006806:Human Rights; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011057:Politics; D012922:Social Change; D012945:Social Values; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult