Evaluation of ovarian reserve based on hormonal parameters, ovarian volume, and antral follicle count in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate ovarian reserve of women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).


METHODS
Eighty-nine women with T2DM and 73 healthy controls were enrolled and divided into three age groups [group 1 (20-29 yr), seven diabetics and 18 healthy controls; group 2 (30-39 yr): 35 diabetics and 35 healthy controls; and group 3 (40-49 yr): 47 diabetics and 20 healthy controls]. All participants were subjected to transvaginal ultrasonographic examination on the third day of their menstrual periods for the determination of ovarian volume and total antral follicle count (AFC).


RESULTS
A significant difference in mean FSH levels (international units per liter) was observed between women with diabetes and healthy controls in all age groups (group 1, 7.8 ± 0.9 vs. 5.0 ± 1.0; group 2, 8.2 ± 1.1 vs. 7.2 ± 1.8; group 3, 9.5 ± 3.2 vs. 6.4 ± 2.4; P < 0.001 for all). Similarly, mean AFC was significantly lower in patients with T2DM than in healthy controls in all age groups (group 1, 21.1 ± 4.8 vs. 25.0 ± 9.1; group 2, 10.4 ± 5.2 vs. 23.0 ± 9.5; group 3, 6.0 ± 3.5 vs. 21.7 ± 2.1; P < 0.001 for all). A statistically significant difference in total ovarian volume was only observed in group 1 (9.7 ± 3.0 in T2DM patients vs. 6.8 ± 2.7 in healthy controls; P = 0.002). AFC was found to be negatively correlated with FSH (r = -0.406, P < 0.001), age (r = -0.618, P < 0.001), glycolized hemoglobin (r = -0.505, P < 0.001), and fasting blood glucose (r = -0.687, P < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
In this pioneer study, the first to evaluate ovarian reserve in T2DM patients, we managed to demonstrate lower ovarian reserves in women with diabetes compared with healthy controls.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ministry of Health, Ankara Numune Research and Training Hospital, 06020 Ankara, Turkey. isik_serhat@yahoo.com
Serhat
S
Isik
Hatice Nursun
HN
Ozcan
Ufuk
U
Ozuguz
Yasemin Ates
YA
Tutuncu
Dilek
D
Berker
Ayse Gul
AG
Alimli
Gulhan
G
Akbaba
Mehmet Alp
MA
Karademir
Serdar
S
Guler
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D003940:Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010053:Ovary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
D006728:Hormones; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone