Comparison between wild and hatchery populations of Korean pen shell (Atrina pectinata) using microsatellite DNA markers.
Pen shell (Atrina pectinata) is a popular food source with a high commercial value in a number of Asian Pacific areas. The natural A. pectinata population has been declining continuously over the past several decades. Microsatellite DNA markers are a useful DNA-based tool for monitoring the genetic variation of pen shell populations. In this study, 20 polymorphic microsatellite (MS) DNA markers were identified from a partial genomic pen shell DNA library enriched in CA repeats, and used to compare allelic variation between wild and hatchery pen shell populations in Korea. A total of 438 alleles were detected at the 20 MS loci in the two populations. All loci were easily amplified and demonstrated allelic variability, with the number of alleles ranging from 5 to 35 in the wild population and from 5 to 22 in the farmed population. The average observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.69 and 0.82, respectively, in the hatchery samples and 0.69 and 0.83, respectively, in the wild samples. Statistical analysis of fixation index (F(ST)) and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed minor, but significant, genetic differences between the wild and hatchery populations (F(ST) = 0.0106, CI(95%) = 0.003-0.017). These microsatellite loci may be valuable for future aquaculture and population genetic studies for developing conservation and management plans. Further studies with additional pen shell samples are needed to conclusively determine the genetic diversity between the wild and hatchery populations.
New Strategy Research Center, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-705, Korea; E-Mails:  bhkim@nfrdi.go.kr  (B.H.K.);  lee9952@nfrdi.go.kr  (J.W.L.);  ehdcnsao@nfrdi.go.kr  (C.M.D.);  ksk4116@nfrdi.go.kr  (S.K.K.);  yckim@nfrdi.go.kr  (Y.C.K.).
Hye Suck
HS
An
Byeong Hak
BH
Kim
Jang Wook
JW
Lee
Chun Mae
CM
Dong
Shin Kwon
SK
Kim
Yi Cheong
YC
Kim
D000483:Alleles; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population / Q000379:methods; D015698:Genomic Library; D005838:Genotype; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA