Imaging of female pelvic malignancies regarding MRI, CT, and PET/CT: Part 2.
OBJECTIVE
To compose diagnostic standard operating procedures for both clinical and imaging assessment for vulvar and vaginal cancer, for vaginal sarcoma, and for ovarian cancer.


METHODS
The literature was reviewed for diagnosing the above mentioned malignancies in the female pelvis. Special focus herein lies in tumor representation in MRI, followed by the evaluation of CT and PET/CT for this topic.


CONCLUSIONS
MRI is a useful additional diagnostic complement but by no means replaces established methods of gynecologic diagnostics and ultrasound. In fact, MRI is only implemented in the guidelines for vulvar cancer. According to the current literature, CT is still the cross-sectional imaging modality of choice for evaluating ovarian cancer. PET/CT appears to have advantages for staging and follow-up in sarcomas and cancers of the ovaries.
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical School, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. celine.alt@med.uni-heidelberg.de
Celine D
CD
Alt
Kerstin A
KA
Brocker
Michael
M
Eichbaum
Christof
C
Sohn
Florian U
FU
Arnegger
Hans-Ulrich
HU
Kauczor
Peter
P
Hallscheidt
D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000592:standards*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000592:standards*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000592:standards*; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000592:standards*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011379:Prognosis; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D047368:Tumor Burden; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000592:standards; D014625:Vaginal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy