Recurrent and de novo autoimmune liver diseases.
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) each account for approximately 5% of liver transplants per year performed in the United States and Europe. Even though outcomes are excellent, with reported 5-year patient and graft survival exceeding 90% and 80%, 80% and 75%, 72% and 65% for PBC, PSC, and AIH, respectively, the issue of recurrent autoimmune liver disease after orthotopic liver transplantation is increasingly recognized as a cause of graft dysfunction, death, and need for retransplantation. This article reviews diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of recurrent PBC, PSC, and AIH after liver transplantation.
Division of Hepatology, Miami VA Medical Center, FL 33125, USA.
Flavia
F
Mendes
Claudia A
CA
Couto
Cynthia
C
Levy
D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents