Vitamin E deficiency decreases long-chain PUFA in zebrafish (Danio rerio).
α-Tocopherol is a required, lipid-soluble antioxidant that protects PUFA. We hypothesized that α-tocopherol deficiency in zebrafish compromises PUFA status. Zebrafish were fed for 1 y either an α-tocopherol-sufficient (E+; 500 mg α-tocopherol/kg) or -deficient (E-; 1.1 mg α-tocopherol/kg) diet containing α-linolenic (ALA) and linoleic (LA) acids but without arachidonic acid (ARA), EPA, or DHA. Vitamin E deficiency in zebrafish decreased by ~20% (n-6) (P < 0.05) and (n-3) (P < 0.05) PUFA and increased the (n-6):(n-3) PUFA ratio (P < 0.05). In E- compared to E+ females, long chain-PUFA status was impaired, as assessed by a ~60% lower DHA:ALA ratio (P < 0.05) and a ~50% lower ARA:LA ratio (P < 0.05). fads2 (P < 0.05) and elovl2 (P < 0.05) mRNA expression was doubled in E- compared to E+ fish. Thus, inadequate vitamin E status led to a depletion of PUFA that may be a result of either or both increased lipid peroxidation and an impaired ability to synthesize sufficient PUFA, especially (n-3) PUFA.
Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Katie M
KM
Lebold
Donald B
DB
Jump
Galen W
GW
Miller
Charlotte L
CL
Wright
Edwin M
EM
Labut
Carrie L
CL
Barton
Robert L
RL
Tanguay
Maret G
MG
Traber
D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004032:Diet; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D012313:RNA / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014811:Vitamin E Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D015027:Zebrafish; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage
D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D012313:RNA; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol