Renal histological lesions and outcome in liver transplant recipients.
BACKGROUND
Chronic kidney disease in liver transplant (OLT) recipients is often attributed to calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) toxicity, but little is known about the spectrum of their renal histological lesions.


METHODS
Between 1988 and 2008, 1698 OLTs were performed in our center. We retrospectively analyzed clinical and histological data on 23 recipients (1.4%) referred for kidney biopsy (KB).


RESULTS
Median age at OLT was 50.2 yr, 65.2% were men, 30.4% had hepatitis C, and 95.7% were given CNI. KB was performed 6.9 yr (median) post-OLT. Median creatinine was 1 mg/dL pre-OLT and 2.2 mg/dL at KB. Main pathological diagnoses were focal segmental and global glomerulosclerosis (n = 8, 34.8%), glomerular diseases (7, 30.4%), CNI toxicity (2, 8.7%), and diabetic nephropathy (2, 8.7%). Moderate/severe interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, arteriosclerosis, and hyalinosis were present in 47.8%, 43.5%, 60.9%, and 56.5%, respectively. Twelve patients (52.5%) reached end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and 17 (73.9%) died. Death was more common among those reaching ESRD, but the difference was not significant (83.3% vs. 63.6%, p = 0.37).


CONCLUSIONS
Renal histology is variable and not limited to CNI toxicity in OLT recipients referred for KB. Whether management based on KB findings can directly improve outcomes remains unclear.
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Mykola
M
Tsapenko
Ziad M
ZM
El-Zoghby
Sanjeev
S
Sethi
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult