Osteogenic potential of effective bone engineering using dental pulp stem cells, bone marrow stem cells, and periosteal cells for osseointegration of dental implants.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this comparative study was to investigate cell-based effective bone engineering and the correlation between the osseointegration of dental implants and tissue-engineered bone using dental pulp stem cells (DPSC), bone marrow stem cells (BMSC), and periosteal cells (PC).


METHODS
The first molar and all premolars were extracted from the mandibles of three dogs, and in each dog, six bone defects (three on each side) were prepared with a 10-mm-diameter trephine bur after 4 weeks. Different materials were implanted in the defects and the sites were allowed to heal. The experimental groups were as follows: (1) dog DPSC and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (dDPSC/PRP), (2) dog BMSC and PRP (dBMSC/PRP), (3) dog PC and PRP (dPC/PRP), and (4) control (defect only). Eight weeks later, dental implants were placed in the defects. After another 8 weeks, the amount of bone regeneration was assessed by histologic and histomorphometric analyses (bone-implant contact).


RESULTS
The mean bone-implant contact values were 66.7% ± 3.6% for group 1 (dDPSC/PRP), 62.5% ± 3.1% for group 2 (dBMSC/PRP), 39.4% ± 2.4% for group 3 (dPC/PRP), and 30.3% ± 2.6% for the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
DPSC showed the highest osteogenic potential and may be a useful cell source for tissue-engineered bone around dental implants.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hamamatsu Kita Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
Kenji
K
Ito
Yoichi
Y
Yamada
Sayaka
S
Nakamura
Minoru
M
Ueda
D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000473:pathology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D004285:Dogs; D008334:Mandible / Q000166:cytology / Q000601:surgery; D023421:Models, Animal; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010521:Periosteum / Q000166:cytology*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000502:physiology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000166:cytology / Q000601:surgery
D015921:Dental Implants