Adipokines: biofactors from white adipose tissue. A complex hub among inflammation, metabolism, and immunity.
Until the identification of leptin, the first adipokine discovered in 1994, adipose tissue was considered only as an energy storage tissue. However, it is now clear that adipose tissue is an endocrine/paracrine/autocrine organ, which plays a relevant role in physiopathology of several inflammatory diseases. Actually, it is mainly involved not only in the low-grade inflammatory status in obesity but also in other relevant inflammatory conditions and autoimmune disorders. In this review article, we discuss the main biological activities of leptin, adiponectin, lipocalin-2, resistin, and visfatin, as well as their contributions to certain inflammatory conditions.
NEIRID Lab (NeuroEndocrine Interaction in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), SERGAS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Building C, Level-2, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Javier
J
Conde
Morena
M
Scotece
Rodolfo
R
Gómez
Verónica
V
López
Juan Jesús
JJ
Gómez-Reino
Francisca
F
Lago
Oreste
O
Gualillo
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000378:metabolism; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D052243:Resistin / Q000378:metabolism
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D020738:Leptin; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D052243:Resistin; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase