The impact on drug mass flow rate of interrupting and resuming carrier fluid flow: an in vitro study on a very low dead-space volume infusion set.
BACKGROUND
Stopping and resuming carrier fluid flow can lead to potentially dangerous transient disturbances in drug mass flow rate. We compared the impact of 2 infusion sets, one with very low dead-space volume and the other with greater dead-space volume, on the amount of drug delivered during stop-and-go carrier fluid flows.


METHODS
Two infusion sets, both with antireflux, connected to an angiocatheter and with dead-space volumes of 6.185 mL and 0.071 mL, respectively, were assessed. Two protocols were studied: carrier fluid flow of 90 mL/h associated with noradrenaline infused at 7 mL/h and carrier fluid flow of 350 mL/h with a noradrenaline infusion flow of 65 mL/h. During both protocols, the carrier fluid was stopped and resumed at the same rate 30 minutes later. Effluent noradrenaline concentration was measured using UV spectrophotometry. Flow change efficiency was calculated from the ratio of the area under the experimental mass flow rate curve to the area under the theoretical instantaneous mass flow rate curve.


RESULTS
For both flow rate conditions, flow change efficiency was significantly different for the 2 infusion sets during the 10-minute period after stopping carrier fluid flow and the 10-minute period after restarting it. The major phenomena were sudden decreases in drug delivery after stopping carrier flow and sudden, temporary increases when it was resumed. The very low dead-space volume infusion set resulted in significant reduction in changes in drug delivery compared with the standard set, even at high flow rates.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of a very low dead-space volume set attenuates disturbances in drug delivery caused by interrupting and resuming carrier fluid flow.
Department of Biopharmacy, Galenic and Hospital Pharmacy, Universite Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
Damien
D
Lannoy
Bertrand
B
Decaudin
Nicolas
N
Simon
Christine
C
Barthelemy
Bertrand
B
Debaene
Pascal
P
Odou
D057785:Catheters; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013594:Syringes; D013997:Time Factors
D009638:Norepinephrine