Geometrical description of the fractional quantum Hall effect.
The fundamental collective degree of freedom of fractional quantum Hall states is identified as a unimodular two-dimensional spatial metric that characterizes the local shape of the correlations of the incompressible fluid. Its quantum fluctuations are controlled by a topologically quantized "guiding-center spin." Charge fluctuations are proportional to its Gaussian curvature.
Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-0708, USA.
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Haldane