A 5-year follow-up of 80 implants in 44 patients placed immediately after the lateral trap-door window procedure to accomplish maxillary sinus elevation without bone grafting.
OBJECTIVE
The present study was performed to evaluate the 5-year status of immediately placed implants subjected to maxillary sinus elevation without grafting.


METHODS
Implants were placed in 2004 and 2005. A minimum of 3 mm of residual bone height (RBH) was required. All implants were placed with a sinus elevation performed through a lateral approach by the trap-door, open-window method without placement of any grafting material. Regular follow-up included oral hygiene instruction, periodontal charting, panoramic radiographs, and cone beam computed tomographic scans. The gained bone height (GBH) in the sinus, peri-implant sulcus depth, and marginal bone loss were analyzed statistically.


RESULTS
Forty-four patients (26 men, 18 women) with an average age of 58 years received 80 implants, which were followed for 5 years after prosthesis delivery. No patients developed sinusitis or other complications leading to implant loss. The average RBH was 5.06 ± 1.51 mm and the average intrasinus implant length was 7.77 ± 1.69 mm. Survival rates for the implants were 100% after 2 and 5 years. Average GBH was 7.24 ± 1.83 mm at 2 years (range, 3 to 12 mm) and 7.44 ± 1.94 mm at 5 years (P > .05). The average peri-implant sulcus depths were 2.5 ± 0.4 mm at 2 years and 3.1 ± 0.5 mm at 5 years (P < .05). The mean peri-implant marginal bone loss was 1.3 ± 0.3 mm at 2 years and 2.1 ± 0.5 mm at 5 years (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
New bone formation in the sinus was confirmed, and good survival of implants with maxillary sinus elevation by the lateral approach without grafting was observed after 5 years. Attention should be focused on oral hygiene maintenance to ensure peri-implant gingival health.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Taipei-Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
I-Ching
IC
Lin
Anne Margaret
AM
Gonzalez
Hsin-Ju
HJ
Chang
Shou-Yen
SY
Kao
Ta-Wei
TW
Chen
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D052016:Mucositis / Q000209:etiology; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000209:etiology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome