[Laboratory investigations in acute olanzapine poisonings].
BACKGROUND
Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic with multireceptor affinity and different pharmacological effects, which can result with abnormalities in laboratory investigations.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the nature and frequency of laboratory tests abnormalities in patients with an acute olanzapine poisoning.


METHODS
26 adult cases (mean age 37.7 +/- 15.3 years) of an acute olanzapine poisoning (serum level above 100 ng/mL). Group consisted of 11 men and 13 women, but 1 man and 1 woman were poisoned twice.


METHODS
Prospective analysis of the following laboratory parameters: complete blood count (CBC), coagulation tests (APTT, INR), serum concentration of sodium, potassium, chlorides, glucose, BUN, creatinine and bilirubin, serum activity of AST, ALT, GGTP and CPK, urinalysis.


RESULTS
The most common laboratory abnormalities in the study group were: hyperglycaemia (96%), hyper-prolactinaemia (83%), elevated CPK (80%), hypokalaemia (75%), hyperbilirubinaemia (60%), leukocytosis (55%). Less frequent parameters were: elevated AST (20%), hyponatraemia (15%), elevated ALT(10%) and thrombocytopenia (5%). The onset of some parameters was as follows: 1st day of hospitalization hyperglycaemia, leukocytosis and hypokalaemia, 2nd - hyperbilirubinaemia and elevated CPK, and 3rd - hyperprolactinaemia.


CONCLUSIONS
In acute olanzapine poisonings: (1) muscle and liver injury, serum glucose and electrolytes abnormalities, and changes in CBC can be present; (2) the valuable parameters for the monitoring of the course of poisonings are: serum activity of CPK and transaminases (AST, ALT), serum level of bilirubin, glucose, potassium and sodium, and CBC; (3) hyperprolactinaemia probably lacks of practical importance, but the further investigations are needed in this area.
Klinika Toksykologii i Chorób Srodowiskowych, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Collegium Medicum w Krakowie. wt_poohatek@wp.pl
Krzysztof
K
Ciszowski
Jacek
J
Sein Anand
Jolanta
J
Wilimowska
Wojciech
W
Jawień
D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D011041:Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine