Advances in management of low-risk febrile neutropenia.
OBJECTIVE
To describe and discuss the most recent advances in the management of low-risk febrile neutropenia in children with cancer.


RESULTS
Several risk stratification tools for children with febrile neutropenia have been developed, although none of these tools have been directly compared and few have been validated in independent populations. However, there is good evidence that, for pediatric patients with febrile neutropenia at low risk for severe infection, outpatient management is a well tolerated and efficacious alternative to inpatient care. Moreover, major progress has been made in obtaining and understanding perceived quality of life and preferences for outpatient management in pediatric cancer patients. Many parents prefer inpatient management although child quality of life is, in general, anticipated to be higher with outpatient intravenous therapy. Finally, outpatient strategies are more cost-effective as compared with traditional management in hospital.


CONCLUSIONS
Outpatient management is a well tolerated and cost-effective strategy for low-risk febrile neutropenia in children with cancer, although parental preferences are highly variable for outpatient versus inpatient management. Future research should examine the effectiveness of outpatient strategies through conduct of large cohort studies. Other future work could focus on development of decision aids and other tools to facilitate ambulatory approaches.
Division of Hematology/Oncology, University Children's Hospital Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
Oliver
O
Teuffel
Lillian
L
Sung
D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000191:economics / Q000639:trends*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D010045:Outpatients; D010290:Parents; D011788:Quality of Life; D018570:Risk Assessment
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents