Dietary saturated and monounsaturated fats protect against acute acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by altering fatty acid composition of liver microsomal membrane in rats.
BACKGROUND
Dietary polyunsaturated fats increase liver injury in response to ethanol feeding. We evaluated the effect of dietary corn oil (CO), olive oil (OO), and beef tallow (BT) on fatty acid composition of liver microsomal membrane and acute acetaminophen hepatotoxicity.


METHODS
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 15% (wt/wt) CO, OO or BT for 6 weeks. After treatment with acetaminophen (600 mg/kg), samples of plasma and liver were taken for analyses of the fatty acid composition and toxicity.


RESULTS
Treatment with acetaminophen significantly elevated levels of plasma GOT and GPT as well as hepatic TBARS but reduced hepatic GSH levels in CO compared to OO and BT groups. Acetaminophen significantly induced protein expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 in the CO group. In comparison with the CO diet, lower levels of linoleic acid, higher levels of oleic acids and therefore much lower ratios of linoleic to oleic acid were detected in rats fed OO and BT diets.


CONCLUSIONS
Dietary OO and BT produces similar liver microsomal fatty acid composition and may account for less severe liver injury after acetaminophen treatment compared to animals fed diets with CO rich in linoleic acid. These findings imply that types of dietary fat may be important in the nutritional management of drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Myongji University, YongIn 449-728, Republic of Korea. jhwang@mju.ac.kr
Jinah
J
Hwang
Yun-Hee
YH
Chang
Jung Hwa
JH
Park
Soo Yeon
SY
Kim
Haeyon
H
Chung
Eugene
E
Shim
Hye Jin
HJ
Hwang
D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005223:Fats / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005223:Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D000082:Acetaminophen; C013698:tallow; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D005978:Glutathione