Graphene oxide as a sulfur immobilizer in high performance lithium/sulfur cells.
The loss of sulfur cathode material as a result of polysulfide dissolution causes significant capacity fading in rechargeable lithium/sulfur cells. Here, we use a chemical approach to immobilize sulfur and lithium polysulfides via the reactive functional groups on graphene oxide. This approach enabled us to obtain a uniform and thin (around tens of nanometers) sulfur coating on graphene oxide sheets by a simple chemical reaction-deposition strategy and a subsequent low-temperature thermal treatment process. Strong interaction between graphene oxide and sulfur or polysulfides enabled us to demonstrate lithium/sulfur cells with a high reversible capacity of 950-1400 mA h g(-1), and stable cycling for more than 50 deep cycles at 0.1C (1C = 1675 mA g(-1)).
The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Liwen
L
Ji
Mumin
M
Rao
Haimei
H
Zheng
Liang
L
Zhang
Yuanchang
Y
Li
Wenhui
W
Duan
Jinghua
J
Guo
Elton J
EJ
Cairns
Yuegang
Y
Zhang