Functional reconstruction of the hand: the stiff joint.
Proper hand function relies on a combination of strength and mobility. The intricate architecture that allows for hand mobility includes the articular surfaces of joints, periarticular ligamentous structures, tendon mechanisms, and the soft-tissue envelope. These structures are subject to injury and scarring. The net effect of a variety of etiologic factors is stiffness of the hand with diminution of hand function. This article reviews the biology of healing, pertinent anatomy of the hand, and operative and nonoperative treatment of the stiff hand.
Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University Hospitals & Clinics, 770 Welch Road, Suite 400, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. awatt@stanford.edu
Andrew J
AJ
Watt
James
J
Chang
D006230:Hand Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D050823:Hand Joints / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D020127:Recovery of Function