Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of A3 adenosine receptor agonists.
The A(3) adenosine receptor (A(3)AR) coupled to G(i) (inhibitory regulative guanine nucleotide-binding protein) mediates anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-ischemic protective effects. The receptor is overexpressed in inflammatory and cancer cells, while low expression is found in normal cells, rendering the A(3)AR as a potential therapeutic target. Highly selective A(3)AR agonists have been synthesized and molecular recognition in the binding site has been characterized. In this article, we summarize preclinical and clinical human studies that demonstrate that A(3)AR agonists induce specific anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects through a molecular mechanism that entails modulation of the Wnt and the NF-κB signal transduction pathways. At present, A(3)AR agonists are being developed for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriasis; ophthalmic diseases such as dry eye syndrome and glaucoma; liver diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis.
Can-Fite BioPharma Ltd, Kiryat-Matalon, 10 Bareket St, PO Box 7537, Petah-Tikva 49170, Israel.
Pnina
P
Fishman
Sara
S
Bar-Yehuda
Bruce T
BT
Liang
Kenneth A
KA
Jacobson
D058909:Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
D058909:Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents