Selective and non-selective intrauterine growth restriction in twin pregnancies: high-risk factors and perinatal outcome.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the high-risk factors and perinatal outcome in selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) and non-selective IUGR (non-sIUGR) in twins.


METHODS
In total, 336 pairs of twins were enrolled from December 2003 to 2009. According to the birth weight, 295 pairs of twins were divided into sIUGR, non-sIUGR and normal growth groups. Maternal characteristics, complications, chorionicity, zygosity and perinatal outcomes were analyzed among the three groups.


RESULTS
The overall IUGR incidence (including sIUGR and non-sIUGR) in twin pregnancies was 23.2%. The sIUGR incidence was ten times greater than that of non-sIUGR. Monochorionicity and monozygosity were risk factors for overall IUGR, especially for the sIUGR (P < 0.01). Pre-eclampsia was more common in sIUGR than in the normal growth group (P < 0.05). Both the sIUGR and non-sIUGR groups had more intrauterine fetal death and neonatal death than the normal growth group (P < 0.01). The sIUGR group had more brain injury than the normal growth group (P < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Monochorionicity, monozygosity, pre-eclampsia were high-risk factors for IUGR in twins. Perinatal death was more prevalent in the non-sIUGR group, and neonatal brain damage was more prevalent in the sIUGR group.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fetal Medicine Center, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Er Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.
Yu
Y
Gao
Zhiming
Z
He
Yanmin
Y
Luo
Hongyu
H
Sun
Linhuan
L
Huang
Manchao
M
Li
Yi
Y
Zhou
Baojiang
B
Chen
Qun
Q
Fang
D000328:Adult; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D059285:Pregnancy, Twin; D012307:Risk Factors; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult