Antioxidant poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles made with α-tocopherol-ascorbic acid surfactant.
The goal of the study was to synthesize a surfactant made of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) of antioxidant properties dubbed as EC, and to use this surfactant to make poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. Self-assembled EC nanostructures and PLGA-EC nanoparticles were made by nanoprecipitation, and their physical properties (size, size distribution, morphology) were studied at different salt concentrations, surfactant concentrations, and polymer/surfactant ratios. EC surfactant was shown to form self-assembled nanostructures in water with a size of 22 to 138 nm in the presence of sodium chloride, or 12 to 31 nm when synthesis was carried out in sodium bicarbonate. Polymeric PLGA-EC nanoparticles presented a size of 90 to 126 nm for 40% to 120% mass ratio PLGA to surfactant. For the same mass ratios, the PLGA-Span80 formed particles measured 155 to 216 nm. Span80 formed bilayers, whereas EC formed monolayers at the interfaces. PLGA-EC nanoparticles and EC showed antioxidant activity based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay measurements using UV and EPR techniques, antioxidant activity which is not characteristic to commercially available Span80. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay for lipid peroxidation showed that PLGA nanoparticles with EC performed better as antioxidants than the EC nanoassembly or the free vitamin C. Nanoparticles were readily internalized by HepG2 cells and were localized in the cytoplasm. The newly synthesized EC surfactant was therefore found successful in forming uniform, small size polymeric nanoparticles of intrinsic antioxidant properties.
Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, United States.
Carlos E
CE
Astete
Debra
D
Dolliver
Meocha
M
Whaley
Lavrent
L
Khachatryan
Cristina M
CM
Sabliov
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D004058:Diffusion; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D008422:Materials Testing; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D013499:Surface Properties; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000737:chemistry*
D000975:Antioxidants; D053769:Nanocapsules; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid