Prediction of outcome at 5 years from assessments at 2 years among extremely preterm children: a Norwegian national cohort study.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the predictive value of early assessments on developmental outcome at 5 years in children born extremely preterm.


METHODS
This is a prospective observational study of all infants born in Norway in 1999-2000 with gestational age (GA) <28 weeks or birth weight (BW) <1000 g. At 2 years of age, paediatricians assessed mental and motor development from milestones. At 5 years, parents completed questionnaires on development and professional support before cognitive function was assessed with Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised (WPPSI-R) and motor function with the Movement Assessment Battery for children (ABC test).


RESULTS
Twenty-six of 373 (7%) children had cerebral palsy at 2 and 29 of 306 (9%) children at 5 years. Of children without major impairments, 51% (95% CI 35-67) of those with and 22% (95% CI 16-28) without mental delay at 2 years had IQ <85 at 5 years, and 36% (95% CI 20-53 with and 16% (95% CI 11-21) without motor delay at 2 years had an ABC score >95th percentile (poor function). Approximately half of those without major impairments but IQ <85 or ABC score >95th percentile had received support or follow-up beyond routine primary care.


CONCLUSIONS
Previous assessments had limited value in predicting cognitive and motor function at 5 years in these extremely preterm children without major impairments.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway. ktle@helse-bergen.no
Katrine Tyborg
KT
Leversen
Kristian
K
Sommerfelt
Irene Bircow
IB
Elgen
Geir Egil
GE
Eide
Lorentz M
LM
Irgens
Pétur B
PB
Júlíusson
Trond
T
Markestad
D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012306:Risk; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology