Secondary rhinoplasty: revising the crooked nose.
The crooked nose deformity is very common and difficult to correct. Although minor deformity can be corrected with simple techniques, more aggressive management is frequently necessary in the complex case. This article reviews common causes of the crooked nose deformity after previous treatment and their solutions.
Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, St. John's Hospital and Clinics, Springfield, Missouri 65804, USA. matthew.kienstramd@mercy.net
Matthew
M
Kienstra
D006801:Humans; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D055171:Nasal Cartilages / Q000601:surgery; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*