title: Lymphatic preservation in varicocele in the adolescent: does prior embolization limit spermatic dissection?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One of the complications after complete section of the spermatic pedicle in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic varicocele is the formation of a scrotal lymphocele. This can be avoided by preserving lymphatic vessels using dye, but there is a risk that dissection may be complicated in patients who have previously undergone embolization. The aim of this study was to determine whether prior embolization limits spermatic dissection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used lymphography with dye (Patent Blue) prior to surgery in order to mark and preserve the lymph vessels during spermatic section. This was done by laparoscopy with a single umbilical port.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We treated six patients aged 12.5-15 years (mean 13.12 years), two of whom had grade 2 varicoceles and four grade 3. Prior percutaneous embolization with metallic coils had been undertaken in all cases but had not been curative. Post-surgery controls were undertaken for a mean duration of 5 months without any lymphoceles appearing. No testicles were lost, nor did any other complication arise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of embolization material in the spermatic veins and perivascular fibrosis does not complicate surgery, enabling the single port laparoscopic technique to be undertaken.
authors: General Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 4, 31008 Pamplona Navarra, Spain. aseret4891@hotmail.com
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Abadía-Forcén
authors: Lidia
authors: L
authors: Ayuso-González
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Pisón-Chacón
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Barberena-Iriberri
authors: Nerea
authors: N
authors: González-Temprano
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Pérez-Martínez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008208:Lymphatic System; D008220:Lymphography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010690:Phlebography / Q000379:methods; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017751:Safety Management; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000601:surgery*; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D014646:Varicocele / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*