title: MAP Kinases and Prostate Cancer.
abstract: The three major mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) p38, JNK, and ERK are signal transducers involved in a broad range of cell functions including survival, apoptosis, and cell differentiation. Whereas JNK and p38 have been generally linked to cell death and tumor suppression, ERK plays a prominent role in cell survival and tumor promotion, in response to a broad range of stimuli such as cytokines, growth factors, ultraviolet radiation, hypoxia, or pharmacological compounds. However, there is a growing body of evidence supporting that JNK and p38 also contribute to the development of a number of malignances. In this paper we focus on the involvement of the MAPK pathways in prostate cancer, including the less-known ERK5 pathway, as pro- or antitumor mediators, through their effects on apoptosis, survival, metastatic potential, and androgen-independent growth.
authors: Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
authors: Gonzalo
authors: G
authors: Rodríguez-Berriguete
authors: Benito
authors: B
authors: Fraile
authors: Pilar
authors: P
authors: Martínez-Onsurbe
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Olmedilla
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Paniagua
authors: Mar
authors: M
authors: Royuela