title: Determinants of blood pressure response to low-salt intake in a healthy adult population.
abstract: Although the beneficial effects of lowering salt intake in hypertensive patients are widely appreciated, the impact of promoting dietary salt restriction for blood pressure (BP) reduction at the population level remains controversial. The authors used 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring to characterize the determinants of systolic BP (SBP) response to low-salt intake in a large, relatively healthy Amish population. Patients received a high- and low-sodium diet for 6 days each, separated by a 6- to 14-day washout period. Variance component analysis was used to assess the association of several variables with SBP response to low-salt diet. Mean SBP was 0.7 ± 5.8 mm Hg and 1.3 ± 6.1 mm Hg lower on the low-salt compared with the high-salt diet during daytime (P=.008) and nighttime (P<.0001), respectively. SBP response to a low-salt diet was significantly associated with increasing age and pre-intervention SBP, in both daytime and nighttime, while the association with female sex and SBP response to cold pressor test (CPT) was significant only during nighttime. Our results suggest that salt reduction may have greater BP-lowering effects on women, older individuals, individuals with higher SBP, and individuals with higher SBP response to CPT.
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors: May E
authors: ME
authors: Montasser
authors: Julie A
authors: JA
authors: Douglas
authors: Marie-Hélène
authors: MH
authors: Roy-Gagnon
authors: Cristopher V
authors: CV
authors: Van Hout
authors: Matthew R
authors: MR
authors: Weir
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Vogel
authors: Afshin
authors: A
authors: Parsa
authors: Nanette I
authors: NI
authors: Steinle
authors: Soren
authors: S
authors: Snitker
authors: Nga H
authors: NH
authors: Brereton
authors: Yen-Pei C
authors: YP
authors: Chang
authors: Alan R
authors: AR
authors: Shuldiner
authors: Braxton D
authors: BD
authors: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D061365:Amish / Q000208:ethnology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D004039:Diet, Sodium-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058246:Prehypertension / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary