title: Shiga toxin is transported into the nucleoli of intestinal epithelial cells via a carrier-dependent process.
abstract: Shiga toxin (Stx) produced by the invasive Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 (S. dysenteriae1) causes gastrointestinal and kidney complications. It has been assumed that Stx is released intracellularly after enterocyte invasion by S. dysenteriae1. However, there is little information about Stx distribution inside S. dysenteriae1-infected enterocytes. Here, we use intestinal epithelial T84 cells to characterize the trafficking of Stx delivered into the cytosol, in ways that mimic aspects of S. dysenteriae1 infection. We find that cytoplasmic Stx is transported into nucleoli. Stx nucleolar movement is carrier- and energy-dependent. Stx binding to the nucleoli of normal human enterocytes in vitro supports possible roles for nucleolar trafficking in toxin-induced intestinal pathology.
authors: GI Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. BorisB@intra.niddk.nih.gov
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Baibakov
authors: Rakhilya
authors: R
authors: Murtazina
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Elowsky
authors: Francis M
authors: FM
authors: Giardiello
authors: Olga
authors: O
authors: Kovbasnjuk
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism*; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport; D022621:Shiga Toxin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012762:Shigella dysenteriae
chemical_list: D022621:Shiga Toxin