title: Intraocular pressure and Schirmer tear test results in clinically normal Long-Eared Hedgehogs (Hemiechinus auritus): reference values.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was undertaken to establish reference values for Schirmer tear test (STT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in the long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen healthy long-eared hedgehogs (H. auritus) of either sex were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  The hedgehogs were individually immobilized with an intramuscular injection of combined Ketamine (20 mg/kg) and Diazepam (0.5 mg/kg), and each animal underwent ophthalmic examinations including: STT, tonometry, biomicroscopy, and indirect ophthalmoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant effects of animal gender, weight, side (right vs. left eye) were found in this study. Mean (SD) STT values for all eyes (n = 28) were 1.7 ± 1.2 mm/1 min with a range of 0-4 mm/1 min. Mean STT in male animals was 2.2 ± 1.2. Mean STT in female Hedgehogs was 1.3 ± 1.1. Mean (SD) IOP values by applanation tonometry were 20.1 ± 4.0 mmHg (range 11.5-26.5 mmHg). Mean (SD) IOP values by applanation tonometry were 18.2 ± 4.0 and 22.0 ± 3.2 mmHg for males and females, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reports STT and IOP findings in long-eared hedgehogs (H. auritus).
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran. selkghaffari@gmail.com
authors: Masoud Selk
authors: MS
authors: Ghaffari
authors: Ramin
authors: R
authors: Hajikhani
authors: Farzin
authors: F
authors: Sahebjam
authors: Hessamodin
authors: H
authors: Akbarein
authors: Habib
authors: H
authors: Golezardy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006364:Hedgehogs / Q000502:physiology*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*