title: Exogenous intravascular nitric oxide enhances ventricular function after hemodilution with plasma expander.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the hypothesis that exogenous nitric oxide (NO) supplementation during acute hemodilution with plasma expander (PE) provides beneficial effects on cardiac function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acute hemodilution in golden Syrian hamsters was induced by a 40% of blood volume exchange with dextran 70 kDa. Intravascular NO supplementation after hemodilution was accomplished with a NO donor, diethylenetriamine NONOate (DETA NONOate). The test group was treated with DETA NONOate, while the control group received only vehicle. Left ventricular cardiac function was studied using pressure-volume measurements obtained with a miniaturized conductance catheter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiac output increased to 122±5% and 107±1% of the baseline in the group treated with NO donor and the vehicle group, respectively. Stroke work per stroke volume (SW/SV) after hemodilution reduced to 90% of the baseline and the NO donor significantly reduced SW/SV compared to the vehicle. The minimum rate of pressure change (dP/dt(min)) was significantly lower in animals treated with the NO donor compared to vehicle treated animals. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) decreased to 62±5% of the baseline in the NO donor group whereas the vehicle group SVR decreased to 83±5% of the baseline. Using intravital microscopy analysis of microvessel in the dorsal skinfold window chamber, we established that the NO donor group induced significant vasodilation compared to the vehicle group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NO supplementation in an acute hemodilution with PE has beneficial effects on cardiac performance. However, the NO supplementation effects with a NO donor are dose-independent and short-lasting.
authors: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0412, USA.
authors: Surapong
authors: S
authors: Chatpun
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Cabrales
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006224:Cricetinae; D006438:Hemodilution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D009569:Nitric Oxide