title: Minimum 10-year follow-up of arthroscopic intra-articular Bankart repair using bioabsorbable tacks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are few long-term studies evaluating functional outcomes and rates of arthrosis after arthroscopic Bankart repair with bioabsorbable tacks.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the clinical and radiographic results of arthroscopic Bankart repair using intra-articular bioabsorbable tacks at a minimum of 10 years' follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two consecutive patients were retrospectively identified. Twenty patients (63%) were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 13.5 years (range, 10.75-17.5 years) and average age of 43 years (range, 28-73 years). The surgical shoulder (SS) was compared with a healthy control shoulder (CS) in 15 of 20 patients. Outcome tools included the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) and Disabilities of the Shoulder, Arm, and Hand (DASH). Blinded, independent evaluators performed physical examinations and reviewed radiographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen patients (65%) had stable shoulders, 5 of 7 (25%) failed by dislocation, and 2 of 7 (10%) failed by signs of anterior instability on examination. Three patients underwent revision stabilization surgery. Average time to failure was 4.2 years (range, 0.25-14.7 years). Average WOSI and DASH scores were 80% and 7.3, respectively. The CS faired better than SS in WOSI scores (97% vs 83%, respectively; P = .008), main DASH scores (0.39 vs 6.79, respectively; P = .024), and the DASH sports module (0.00 vs 10.94, respectively; P = .043). Patients lost 5.9° of passive forward flexion (P = .031) and 4.3° of passive external rotation (P = .001). Forty percent returned to their preoperative sports level. Higher grades of arthrosis were seen in the SS (20% absent, 40% mild, 25% moderate, and 15% severe) versus CS (P = .002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At long-term follow-up, 65% of patients treated with an arthroscopic Bankart repair using bioabsorbable tacks had a well-functioning, stable shoulder. Disability scores were greatest with sports; however, the majority of patients had well-preserved ranges of motion and good functional WOSI scores. Despite this, 40% had evidence of moderate to severe glenohumeral arthrosis.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA. dave.privitera@gmail.com
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Privitera
authors: Leslie J
authors: LJ
authors: Bisson
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Marzo
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013537:Sutures; D016896:Treatment Outcome