title: The 2011 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine.
abstract: The 2011 Noble Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Bruce A. Beutler, Jules A. Hoffmann and Ralph M. Steinman for their groundbreaking research within immunology. Bruce A. Beutler and Jules A. Hoffmann were recognized for their discoveries on Toll and Toll-like receptor activation of innate immunity in fruit fly and mammals, respectively. Ralph M. Steinman received the award for the discovery of dendritic cells, a cell type bridging innate and adaptive immunity, and how these cells orchestrate immune responses.
authors: Broegelmann Research Laboratory, The Gade Institute, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
authors: Roman
authors: R
authors: Volchenkov
authors: Florian
authors: F
authors: Sprater
authors: Petra
authors: P
authors: Vogelsang
authors: Silke
authors: S
authors: Appel
mesh_terms: D000486:Allergy and Immunology; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009613:Nobel Prize