title: Frequency of the HLA-B*1502 allele contributing to carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity reactions in a cohort of Malaysian epilepsy patients.
abstract: We describe the association of the HLA-B*1502 allele in 27 epilepsy patients (19 Malays, 8 Chinese) treated with carbamazepine (CBZ) at the UKM Medical Center (UKMMC), 6 with CBZ-Steven Johnson Syndrome (CBZ-SJS), 11 with CBZ-induced rash, 2 with suspected phenytoin-induced rash and 8 negative controls. Our study showed that 10 (6 Malay, 4 Chinese) patients were positive for HLA-B*1502. Out of the 10 patients, six were confirmed to have CBZ-SJS (p = 0.0006), while four patients developed a skin rash. However there were 6 Malay patients and 1 Chinese patient that developed a skin rash after CBZ administration who were not positive for the allele, indicating that there might be more that one allele associated with CBZ-induced hypersensitivity. Another 2 patients were suspected of having phenytoin-induced rash, instead of CBZ, and these patients did not have HLA-B*1502. In conclusion, this study confirmed the association of HLA-B*1502 with CBZ-SJS among Malaysian epilepsy patients, however there might be other genes that could be responsible for the CBZ-induced rash.
authors: UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. suemian@ppukm.ukm.my
authors: Sue-Mian
authors: SM
authors: Then
authors: Zam Zureena Mohd
authors: ZZ
authors: Rani
authors: Azman Ali
authors: AA
authors: Raymond
authors: Safrina
authors: S
authors: Ratnaningrum
authors: Rahman
authors: R
authors: Jamal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy; D005076:Exanthema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D059910:HLA-B15 Antigen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013262:Stevens-Johnson Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C483536:HLA-B*15:02 antigen; D059910:HLA-B15 Antigen; D002220:Carbamazepine