title: Comparison of intranasal methamphetamine and d-amphetamine self-administration by humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are no studies directly comparing self-administration of methamphetamine and d-amphetamine by humans. This study compared intranasal methamphetamine- and d-amphetamine self-administration and characterized the mood, performance and physiological effects produced by the drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study.
  
  
  METHODS
  An out-patient research unit at the New York State Psychiatric Institute.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male recreational methamphetamine users (n = 13).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five 2-day blocks of sessions were conducted. On the first day of each block, participants 'sampled' a single methamphetamine or d-amphetamine dose (0, 12, 50 mg/70 kg) and a monetary reinforcer ($5 or $20). Amphetamine plasma levels, cardiovascular, mood, and psychomotor performance effects were assessed before drug administration and repeatedly thereafter. On the second day of each block, participants chose between the sampled reinforcers (drug or money).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the drugs on the majority of measures. Under the $5 condition, both amphetamines increased self-administration dose-dependently, with 41% drug choices overall. Under the $20 condition, only 17% drug options were selected. Both drugs increased cardiovascular activity and 'positive' mood, although methamphetamine produced more prominent effects on some measures (e.g. heart rate and ratings of 'high').
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Methamphetamine and d-amphetamines appear to produce a similar dose-related profile of effects in humans, which supports their equivalence for abuse potential.
authors: Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Matthew G
authors: MG
authors: Kirkpatrick
authors: Erik W
authors: EW
authors: Gunderson
authors: Chris-Ellyn
authors: CE
authors: Johanson
authors: Frances R
authors: FR
authors: Levin
authors: Richard W
authors: RW
authors: Foltin
authors: Carl L
authors: CL
authors: Hart
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003913:Dextroamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009518:New York; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine; D003913:Dextroamphetamine