title: Formulation, optimization and evaluation of spray-dried mucoadhesive microspheres as intranasal carriers for Valsartan.
abstract: This investigation deals with the intranasal delivery of Valsartan, encapsulated in HPMC-based spray-dried mucoadhesive microspheres, with an aim to provide rapid absorption and quick onset of action for treating hypertension. A 2³-factorial design has been employed for the assessment of influence of three independent variables, namely inlet temperature, feed-flow rate and drug-polymer ratio on production yield, particle size and in vitro drug diffusion of the prepared microspheres. Microspheres were evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency, swelling property, in vitro mucoadhesion, in vitro drug diffusion, ex vivo drug permeation, histopathological examination and stability studies. The results of differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy revealed molecular dispersion of Valsartan into microspheres with spherical shape and smooth surface. Optimized formulation indicated good mucoadhesion with no severe sign of damage on nasal mucosa. Results of the non-invasive animal studies in dexamethasone-induced hypertensive rat model suggested the suitability of investigated drug delivery system for intranasal administration.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Chandrakant V
authors: CV
authors: Pardeshi
authors: Pravin V
authors: PV
authors: Rajput
authors: Veena S
authors: VS
authors: Belgamwar
authors: Avinash R
authors: AR
authors: Tekade
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004058:Diffusion; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D014633:Valine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D000068756:Valsartan; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D004337:Drug Carriers; D013777:Tetrazoles; D000068756:Valsartan; D014633:Valine