title: Risk factors for pre-eclampsia: a study in Tehran, Iran.
abstract: This study evaluated some risk factors for pre-eclampsia, which is one of the most problematic complications of pregnancy. This was a retrospective case control study conducted on 318 pre-eclamptic women (case group) and 318 women who were normotensive at the time of delivery as the control group. Evaluated factors were: maternal age, gestational age, nuliparity, mother's educational status, maternal body mass index (BMI), maternal hemoglobin and blood Rh, familial history of pre-eclampsia, history of pre-eclampsia in a previous pregnancy, marital relations, urinary infection (UTI) during the present pregnancy, season of delivery, and method of contraception. Risk factors for pre-eclampsia were: UTI (P=0.04); history of pre-eclampsia during previous pregnancy (P=0.003), and winter season (P=0.001). Maternal age of more than 20 years, high educational status of mother, parity more than one, and oral contraceptive pills were protective for pre-eclampsia. After adjusting for all possible confounding factors using multiple logistic regression, only preexisting pre-eclampsia (P=0.004) was a risk factor, whereas parity more than three (P=0.007) and anemia (P=0.01) were protective for pre-eclampsia. The rate of cesarean delivery was more common in the pre-eclamptic group (245 cases, 77%) than the control group (85 cases, 26.7%). The one minute Apgar score of neonates less than 8 was more common in the case group (28.6% vs. 47.4%, P<0.001). Gestational age at the time of delivery was lower in the case group (36.48±3.4 weeks vs. 37.12±3.3 weeks, P<0.001). Awareness of risk factors of pre-eclampsia can help to monitor patients, ensure earlier diagnosis and predict which patients are more likely to develop pre-eclampsia.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. maryamkashanian@yahoo.com
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Kashanian
authors: Hamid Reza
authors: HR
authors: Baradaran
authors: Shohreh
authors: S
authors: Bahasadri
authors: Razieh
authors: R
authors: Alimohammadi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001034:Apgar Score; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult