title: Contemporary trends in procedural volume for adult facial trauma, 1996-2006.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how rates of operative facial fractures may have changed between 1996 and 2006 and to determine the potential impact of such change on otolaryngology residency surgical key indicator cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Historical cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) and National Survey of Ambulatory Surgery (NSAS) 1996 and 2006 cases were reviewed, extracting all cases of adult nasal, malar/zygomatic, maxillary, and mandibular fracture reductions in inpatient and outpatient settings, respectively. Procedure rates for each facial fracture were tabulated and compared between 1996 and 2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall in 1996, there were an estimated 113,041 ± 3740 operative facial fracture repairs performed. Among the 3 key indicator fracture repairs most relevant to otolaryngologists, there were 15,810 ± 2143 open nasal fracture reductions, 9360 ± 1742 open zygomaticomaxillary (ZMC) fracture reductions, and 20,214 ± 2585 open mandibular fracture repairs. Overall in 2006, there were 120,463 ± 7554 total facial fracture procedures, with 11,613 ± 2846 open nasal fracture reductions, 10,216 ± 2881 open ZMC fracture reductions, and 17,965 ± 3171 open mandibular repairs. Comparing cohorts, there was no significant change in number of open nasal, ZMC, or mandibular fracture repairs (P = .24, P = .58, P = .80, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Facial fracture procedure rates have remained largely stable over the past 10 years. These data have implications for otolaryngology training programs and could help guide resident education in facial trauma.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Linda N
authors: LN
authors: Lee
authors: Neil
authors: N
authors: Bhattacharyya
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000193:education / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D013997:Time Factors