title: Proposed model of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying psychosocial alcohol interventions: the example of motivational interviewing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite the prevalence and profound consequences of alcohol use disorders, psychosocial alcohol interventions have widely varying outcomes. The range of behavior following psychosocial alcohol treatment indicates the need to gain a better understanding of active ingredients and how they may operate. Although this is an area of great interest, at this time there is a limited understanding of how in-session behaviors may catalyze changes in the brain and subsequent alcohol use behavior. Thus, in this review, we aim to identify the neurobiological routes through which psychosocial alcohol interventions may lead to post-session behavior change as well as offer an approach to conceptualize and evaluate these translational relationships.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed and PsycINFO searches identified studies that successfully integrated functional magnetic resonance imaging and psychosocial interventions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on this research, we identified potential neurobiological substrates through which behavioral alcohol interventions may initiate and sustain behavior change. In addition, we proposed a testable model linking within-session active ingredients to outside-of-session behavior change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through this review, we present a testable translational model. Additionally, we illustrate how the proposed model can help facilitate empirical evaluations of psychotherapeutic factors and their underlying neural mechanisms, both in the context of motivational interviewing and in the treatment of alcohol use disorders.
authors: Mind Research Network, Pete & Nancy Domenici Hall, 1101 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, USA. sfeldstein@mrn.org
authors: Sarah W
authors: SW
authors: Feldstein Ewing
authors: Francesca M
authors: FM
authors: Filbey
authors: Christian S
authors: CS
authors: Hendershot
authors: Amber D
authors: AD
authors: McEachern
authors: Kent E
authors: KE
authors: Hutchison
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008954:Models, Biological; D009042:Motivation