title: The influence of culture on maternal soothing behaviours and infant pain expression in the immunization context.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate how maternal culture (ie, individualist versus collectivist) influences soothing techniques and infant distress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Archival data were analyzed using a subsample of 80 motherinfant dyads selected from a larger database of infant pain expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mothers belonging to the individualist group used more affection behaviours when attempting to regulate their infants' distress. No differences were observed in mothers' touching, holding, rocking, vocalizing, caregiving or distracting their infants. Mothers' culture did not appear to be related to the level of distress expressed by their infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the similarities in soothing and infant pain expression between individualist and collectivist cultures are more prominent than their differences.
authors: Department of Psychology, York University. jvinall@cw.bc.ca
authors: Jillian
authors: J
authors: Vinall
authors: Rebecca Pillai
authors: RP
authors: Riddell
authors: Saul
authors: S
authors: Greenberg
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000523:psychology; D007223:Infant; D018730:Infant Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology