title: Pretreatment with pentoxifylline attenuates lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the protective effect of pentoxifylline against the lung injury observed after intestinal ischemia (I) followed by a period of reperfusion (R).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were equally divided into 4 experimental groups and operated under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. (1) Sham: falsely-operated animals; (2) SS+IR: intestinal ischemia was accomplished by clipping the superior mesenteric artery during 60 minutes, with an administration of a standard volume of saline solution (SS) 5 min before the end of the ischemia period; the clip was then releases or a 120-min period of reperfusion; (3) I+PTX+R: ischemia as above, PTX was administered (25 mg/kg) and the gut reperfused as above; (4) PTX+I+PTX+R: Five minutes before arterial occlusion PTX was administered; the superior mesenteric artery was then clipped for 60 minutes. After 55-min ischemia, an additional dosis of PTX was administered; the clip was removed for reperfusion as above. At the 60th min of reperfusion a third dosis of PTX was administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTX markedly attenuated lung injury as manifested by significant decreases (all P<0.001 as compared with the SS+IR group) of pulmonary wet/dry tissue weight ratio, total protein content, myeloperoxidase activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Moreover, it was apparent that in the group PTX+I+PTX+R the improvements have been even more significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTX exerted a protective effect on the lung from the injuries caused by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion.
authors: Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Intensive Therapy, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Carlos Eduardo
authors: CE
authors: Marqui
authors: Helga Cristina Almeida
authors: HC
authors: Silva
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Ferez
authors: Sâmia Santos
authors: SS
authors: Cavassani
authors: Juliana Britto
authors: JB
authors: Moraes
authors: Danielle Aparecida Marino da
authors: DA
authors: Silva
authors: Ricardo Santos
authors: RS
authors: Simões
authors: Caroline Aparecida
authors: CA
authors: Lopes
authors: Murched Omar
authors: MO
authors: Taha
authors: Itamar Souza
authors: IS
authors: Oliveira-Júnior
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010431:Pentoxifylline