title: Gold nanoparticle probes: design and in vitro applications in cancer cell culture.
abstract: A new architecture has been designed by the conjugation of [(18)F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and anti-metadherin (Anti-MTDH) antibody which is specific to the metadherin (MTDH) over-expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells. Mannose triflate molecule is used as a precursor for synthesis of (18)F-FDG by nucleophilic fluorination. For the conjugation of (18)F-FDG and AuNPs, cysteamine was first bound to mannose triflate (Man-CA) before synthesizing of (18)F-FDG which has cysteamine sides ((18)FDG-CA). Then, (18)FDG-CA was reacted with HAuCl(4) to obtain AuNPs and with NaBH(4) for reduction of AuNPs. At the end of this procedure, AuNPs were conjugated to (18)F-FDG via disulphide bonds ((18)FDG-AuNP). For the conjugation of Anti-MTDH, 1,1'-carbonyl diimidazol (CDI) was bound to the (18)FDG-AuNP, and Anti-MTDH was conjugated via CDI ((18)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH). This procedure was also performed by using Na(19)F to obtain non-radioactive conjugates ((19)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated that synthesized particles were in nano sizes. (18)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH conjugate was characterized and used as a model probe containing both radioactive and optical labels together as well as the biological target. The (18)FDG-AuNP-Anti-MTDH conjugate was applied to MCF7 breast cancer cell line and apoptotic cell ratio was found to be increasing from 2% to 20% following the treatment. Hence, these results have promised an important application potential of this conjugate in cancer research.
authors: Ege University, Faculty of Science, Biochemistry Department, Bornova 35100, Izmir, Turkey. perihan.unak@ege.edu.tr
authors: Gulcan
authors: G
authors: Unak
authors: Feriha
authors: F
authors: Ozkaya
authors: E Ilker
authors: EI
authors: Medine
authors: Ozge
authors: O
authors: Kozgus
authors: Serhan
authors: S
authors: Sakarya
authors: Recep
authors: R
authors: Bekis
authors: Perihan
authors: P
authors: Unak
authors: Suna
authors: S
authors: Timur
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003543:Cysteamine / Q000737:chemistry; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000737:chemistry; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D054879:Halogenation; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D008358:Mannose / Q000737:chemistry; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008698:Mesylates / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D004220:Disulfides; D018796:Immunoconjugates; C483039:MTDH protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008698:Mesylates; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D003543:Cysteamine; D006046:Gold; C012077:trifluoromethanesulfonic acid; D008358:Mannose