title: Transvenous embolization in spontaneous direct carotid-cavernous fistula in childhood.
abstract: Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal arteriovenous communication in the cavernous sinus. Direct CCF results from a tear in the intracavernous carotid artery. Typically, it has a high flow and usually presents with oculo-orbital venous congestive features such as exophthalmos, chemosis, and sometimes oculomotor or abducens cranial nerve palsy. Indirect CCF generally occurs spontaneously with subtle signs. We report a rare case of spontaneous direct CCF in childhood who did not have the usual history of craniofacial trauma or connective tissue disorder but presented with progressive chemosis and exophthalmos of the right eye. This report aims also to describe the safety and success of transvenous embolization with coils of the superior ophthalmic vein and cavernous sinus through the inferior petrosal sinus.
authors: Consultant in Neurosurgery, Angeles University Foundation Medical Center, Angeles City, Pampanga, Philippines.
authors: Glenna B
authors: GB
authors: Mercado
authors: Keiko
authors: K
authors: Irie
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Negoro
authors: Shigeta
authors: S
authors: Moriya
authors: Teppei
authors: T
authors: Tanaka
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Ohmura
authors: Akiyo
authors: A
authors: Sadato
authors: Motuharu
authors: M
authors: Hayakawa
authors: Hirotoshi
authors: H
authors: Sano