title: T-tube vs primary common bile duct closure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Closure of the common bile duct over T-tube after exploration is a widely practiced traditional method. However, its use may give rise to many complications. We do primary closure of common bile duct after exploration. Aim of the study is to see the efficacy and safety of the primary closure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study was carried out to compare the results of both the techniques from 2006 to 2009 in the cases proven to have common bile duct stone with or without the features of obstructive jaundice. Post operative hospital stay and morbidities related to both the groups were recorded and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were total 71 cases included in the study. Thirty one in T-tube group and 40 in primary closure group. T-tube was removed in most of the cases after three weeks where as average time of drain removal in primary closure group is 5.79 +/-1.79 days. Incidence of retained stone was equal in each group. Major complication in T-tube group is biliary peritonitis in four patients at the time of T-tube removal whereas none of the patient from primary closure group suffered from such major complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary closure after the common bile duct exploration is safe and it helps to avoid the morbidities related to T-tube.
authors: Department of surgery, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal. mukundrajjoshi@yahoo.com
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Joshi
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Singh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001662:Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007565:Jaundice / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009390:Nepal; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome