title: Isolated noncompaction of ventricular myocardium: a magnetic resonance imaging study of 11 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively summarize the cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) findings of isolated noncompaction of ventricular myocardium (INVM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients (M:F = 9:2; mean age, 35 years) were evaluated. Steady-state free precession (SSFP), fast spin echo (SE) sequence, SSFP cine imaging, and delayed enhanced inversion recovery spoiled gradient echo (IR-SPGR) sequence were used for showing abnormal myocardium, measuring ratio of noncompacted/compacted myocardium layers (NC/C ratio), and detecting myocardial viability. The left ventricle was divided into nine segments and a NC/C ratio > 2.3 in diastole was used as cutoff value in diagnosing left INVM. The right ventricle was assessed qualitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiac MRI indicated left INVM in seven patients, right INVM in one patient and biventricle INVM in three patients. Characteristic CMRI changes included prominent trabeculations, deep intertrabecular recesses and an increase in the NC/C ratio. The most frequently involved segments was left ventricular apex. Three patients had abnormal high signals within the trabecular structures on SE T2 weighted image. One ventricular aneurysm and one apical thrombus were also observed. Delayed enhancement was seen in six of nine patients with subendocardial and transmural patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are CMRI features that might be characteristic for INVM.
authors: Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Medical Imaging Institute, 200032 Shanghai, China.
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Yun
authors: Meng-su
authors: MS
authors: Zeng
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Jin
authors: Shan
authors: S
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006322:Heart Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D056830:Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult