title: The development and psychometric properties of the HIV and Abuse Related Shame Inventory (HARSI).
abstract: Shame has been shown to predict sexual HIV transmission risk behavior, medication non-adherence, symptomatic HIV or AIDS, and symptoms of depression and PTSD. However, there remains a dearth of tools to measure the specific constructs of HIV-related and sexual abuse-related shame. To ameliorate this gap, we present a 31-item measure that assesses HIV and sexual abuse-related shame, and the impact of shame on HIV-related health behaviors. A diverse sample of 271 HIV-positive men and women who were sexually abused as children completed the HIV and Abuse Related Shame Inventory (HARSI) among other measures. An exploratory factor analysis supported the retention of three-factors, explaining 56.7% of the sample variance. These internally consistent factors showed good test-retest reliability, and sound convergent and divergent validity using eight well-established HIV specific and general psychosocial criterion measures. Unlike stigma or discrimination, shame is potentially alterable through individually-focused interventions, making the measurement of shame clinically meaningful.
authors: Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Cambridge, UK.
authors: Sharon A S
authors: SA
authors: Neufeld
authors: Kathleen J
authors: KJ
authors: Sikkema
authors: Rachel S
authors: RS
authors: Lee
authors: Arlene
authors: A
authors: Kochman
authors: Nathan B
authors: NB
authors: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011287:Prejudice; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012752:Shame; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult; D016903:Drug Monitoring