title: Progression from mild to pronounced MCI is not associated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarker deviations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Detection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker deviations improve prediction of progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. However, it is not settled whether the same pattern exists in patients progressing from very mild to more pronounced MCI. Given that neurodegenerative processes occur very early in the disease course, we also expected to find biomarker deviations in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 246 memory clinic patients with non-progressive (n = 161), progressive (n = 19), or converting (n = 66) MCI, 67 with stable dementia, and 80 controls were followed for 24 months. At baseline, CSF total tau (T-tau), β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42) and the light subunit of neurofilament protein (NFL) were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with converting MCI and stable dementia had lower CSF Aβ42 concentrations and higher T-tau concentrations and NFL in comparison with controls and non-progressive/progressive MCI (p < 0.0005). No differences were found between progressive and non-progressive MCI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As expected, biomarker deviations predicted progression from MCI to dementia. Contrary to our hypothesis, progression from very mild MCI to more pronounced MCI was not reflected by biomarker deviations. The results suggest that the measured biomarkers are not early disease markers, or alternatively Alzheimer or vascular pathology is not the underlying cause in this patient group.
authors: Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Sweden. anders.wallin @ neuro.gu.se
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Wallin
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Göthlin
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Gustavsson
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Zetterberg
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Eckerström
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Blennow
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Edman
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Lind
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Nordlund
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Rolstad
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000523:psychology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000523:psychology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000523:psychology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004522:Educational Status; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015415:Biomarkers; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins