title: The effect of black coral extraction on acute lung inflammation induced by cigarette smoke in mice.
abstract: Short-term exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) introduces an abundance of free radicals into the lungs, causing oxidative stress and inflammation. CS is an important risk factor related to the pathogenesis of several pulmonary diseases, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Black coral (BC) is a marine biomaterial commonly used for cigarette holders in southeast China. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo bioactivity of BC extract (BCE). Groups of mice (male Kunming) were subjected to ultrasonic atomizing inhalation of BCE (0.3, 1.5, and 3 mg/mL) before being exposed to CS (10 cigarettes per day for 4 days). The control group and the CS group were administered normal saline rather than BCE prior to CS exposure. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were measured in lung homogenates. Histologic and morphologic studies of the right upper lung were performed. SOD activity increased 1.32 times in the CS+BCE (3 mg/mL) group (P < .001) compared with the CS group. The MDA content increased 4% (P < .001) in the CS+BCE (3 mg/mL) group compared with the control group. MPO was reduced 40% in the CS+BCE (3 mg/mL) group compared with the CS group (P < .001). Histologic analysis revealed decreased inflammation in the BCE group compared with the CS group. These results suggest that BCE has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. BCE may protect against lung injury in smokers.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
authors: Xueting
authors: X
authors: Bai
authors: Yicun
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Weizhou
authors: W
authors: Chen
authors: Huaping
authors: H
authors: Lei
authors: Fenfei
authors: F
authors: Gao
authors: Yongjie
authors: Y
authors: Qin
authors: Jiaojiao
authors: J
authors: Zheng
authors: Ganggang
authors: G
authors: Shi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000737:chemistry*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002681:China; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase