title: Association of biomarkers and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia.
abstract: Emergence of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia results in a deteriorating course and poor prognosis. Schizophrenia and depressive disorder are both associated with low levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and with a longstanding low grade inflammatory state. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between these serum biomarkers and depressive and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenic patients. Thirty-nine individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), assessed by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID), were included. Interviews were conducted with The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and The Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS). Blood samples were collected for determination of BDNF, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 and TNF-alpha measurements. Positive correlations between BDNF and CDSS and between IL-1beta and severity in PANSS scores were found. BDNF levels were not correlated with any cytokine or with PANSS scores. The results of this study suggest that depressive and psychotic symptoms may be associated with different profiles of biomarkers in the association between schizophrenia and depression.
authors: Program of Schizophrenia, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. csnoto@gmail.com
authors: Cristiano Souza
authors: CS
authors: Noto
authors: Ary
authors: A
authors: Gadelha
authors: Síntia Iole
authors: SI
authors: Belangero
authors: Marília Arruda Cardoso
authors: MA
authors: Smith
authors: Bianca W
authors: BW
authors: de Aguiar
authors: Bruna
authors: B
authors: Panizzuti
authors: Jair de Jesus
authors: Jde J
authors: Mari
authors: Clarissa Severino
authors: CS
authors: Gama
authors: Rodrigo Affonseca
authors: RA
authors: Bressan
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Brietzke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D016207:Cytokines