title: Computational modelling for the embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations.
abstract: Treatment of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the brain often requires the injection of a liquid embolic material to reduce blood flow through the malformation. The type of the liquid and the location of injection have to be carefully planned in a pre-operative manner. We introduce a new model of the interaction of liquid embolic materials with blood for the simulation of their propagation and solidification in the AVM. Solidification is mimicked by an increase of the material's viscosity. Propagation is modelled by using the concept of two-fluids modelling and that of scalar transport. The method is tested on digital phantoms and on one anatomically derived patient AVM case. Simulations showed that intuitive behaviour of the two-fluid system can be confirmed and that two types of glue propagation through the malformation can be reproduced. Distinction between the two types of propagation could be used to identify fistulous and plexiform compartments composing the AVM and to characterize the solidification of the embolic material in them.
authors: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. piotr.orlowski@eng.ox.ac.uk
authors: Piotr
authors: P
authors: Orlowski
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Summers
authors: J Alison
authors: JA
authors: Noble
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Byrne
authors: Yiannis
authors: Y
authors: Ventikos
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D008954:Models, Biological; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011145:Polyvinyls