title: Decreased total antioxidants status in the plasma of patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate total antioxidant status (TAS) in the plasma of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG) patients and to compare this level with a matching control group. Additionally, we aim to investigate the effect of the combined action of the lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) mutation status with TAS level on the development of PEG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma samples were obtained from 54 PEG patients and 54 controls of matching age, sex, and ethnicity. TAS in all samples was determined by spectrophotometric and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. The coding region of LOXL1, where it encompasses both single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs1048661 and rs3825942), was sequenced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (±SD) total antioxidant (TAS) value was lower among patients: 0.87 (0.24), range 0.9-1.41 than controls: 1.07 (0.23), range 0.72-1.94, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001: 95%CI: -0.295-0.114). Evaluating the impact of age, sex, and the mutation in addition to the mean TAS value in patients with PEG, a logistic regression analysis was conducted using diseased/not diseased as the outcome of interest (the dependent variable). Results show that, controlling for all other variables, mean TAS value (p<0.0001) and the mutation G/G in rs3825942 (p=0.041) are significant risk factors for PEG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings provide evidence that TAS decreases in the plasma of PEG patients, suggesting that TAS may have an important role in the pathogenesis of PEG. The combined effect of the "G" allele and the decreased TAS may contribute to the overall pathogenesis of PEG.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. abuamero@gmail.com
authors: Khaled K
authors: KK
authors: Abu-Amero
authors: Altaf A
authors: AA
authors: Kondkar
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Mousa
authors: Essam A
authors: EA
authors: Osman
authors: Saleh A
authors: SA
authors: Al-Obeidan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; C445313:LOXL1 protein, human