title: Proteins influencing foam formation in wine and beer: the role of yeast.
abstract: This review focuses on the role of proteins in the production and maintenance of foam in both sparkling wines and beer. The quality of the foam in beer but especially in sparkling wines depends, among other factors, on the presence of mannoproteins released from the yeast cell walls during autolysis. These proteins are hydrophobic, highly glycosylated, and their molecular masses range from 10 to 200 kDa--characteristics that allow mannoproteins to surround and thus stabilize the gas bubbles of the foam. Both the production and stabilization of foam also depend on other proteins. In wine, these include grape-derived proteins such as vacuolar invertase; in beer, barley-derived proteins, such as LTP1, protein Z, and hordein-derived polypeptides, are even more important in this respect than mannoproteins.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Lucía
authors: L
authors: Blasco
authors: Miquel
authors: M
authors: Viñas
authors: Tomás G
authors: TG
authors: Villa
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C025363:mannoproteins