title: Ipilimumab: showing survival benefit in metastatic melanoma.
abstract: Ipilimumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4. Data from preclinical and clinical studies have shown that ipilimumab can cause tumor regression in patients with metastatic melanoma with response rates of 5.8-22%. Phase III trials have demonstrated a benefit in median overall survival in the first-line setting in combination with dacarbazine versus dacarbazine alone (11.2 vs 9.1 months) and in the second-line setting in combination with gp100 versus gp100 alone (10.1 vs 6.4 months). The main toxicities of ipilimumab are immune related, most commonly skin and gastrointestinal. Bowel perforation and treatment-related deaths have occurred, although prompt use of steroids and other immunosuppressive agents can minimize this risk.
authors: The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Minchom
authors: Kate
authors: K
authors: Young
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Larkin
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000074324:Ipilimumab; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D000074324:Ipilimumab; D003606:Dacarbazine; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen