title: The impact of organochlorines cycling in the cryosphere on global distributions and fate--2. Land ice and temporary snow cover.
abstract: Global fate and transport of γ-HCH and DDT was studied using a global multicompartment chemistry-transport model, MPI-MCTM, with and without inclusion of land ice (in Antarctica and Greenland) or snow cover (dynamic). MPI-MCTM is based on coupled ocean and atmosphere general circulation models. After a decade of simulation 4.2% γ-HCH and 2.3% DDT are stored in land ice and snow. Neglection of land ice and snow in modelling would underestimate the total environmental residence time, τ(ov), of γ-HCH and overestimate τ(ov) for DDT, both on the order of 1% and depending on actual compartmental distribution. Volatilisation of DDT from boreal, seasonally snow covered land is enhanced throughout the year, while volatilisation of γ-HCH is only enhanced during the snow-free season. Including land ice and snow cover in modelling matters in particular for the Arctic, where higher burdens are predicted to be stored.
authors: Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.
authors: Lorenz
authors: L
authors: Hofmann
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Stemmler
authors: Gerhard
authors: G
authors: Lammel
mesh_terms: D001110:Arctic Regions; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D007053:Ice / Q000032:analysis*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis; D012914:Snow / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007053:Ice; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical