title: Converging evidence of blood-based biomarkers for schizophrenia: an update.
abstract: This chapter has carried out a review of the literature and combined this with the results of in-house studies to identify candidate blood-based biomarkers for schizophrenia and antipsychotic drug response. Literature searches retrieved 185 publications describing a total of 273 schizophrenia biomarkers identified in serum and/or plasma. Examination of seven in-house multicenter studies resulted in the identification of 137 serum/plasma biomarkers. Taken together, the findings suggested an ongoing immunological and inflammatory process in schizophrenia. This was accompanied by altered cortisol levels which suggested activated stress response and altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in these patients. The authors conclude that such biomarkers may prove useful as additional parameters for characterizing specific immune and/or metabolic or hormonal subsystems in schizophrenia and might, therefore, facilitate the development of future patient stratification and personalized medicine strategies.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors: Man K
authors: MK
authors: Chan
authors: Paul C
authors: PC
authors: Guest
authors: Yishai
authors: Y
authors: Levin
authors: Yagnesh
authors: Y
authors: Umrania
authors: Emanuel
authors: E
authors: Schwarz
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Bahn
authors: Hassan
authors: H
authors: Rahmoune
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers