title: Intravitreous interleukin-2 treatment and inflammation modulates glial cells activation and uncrossed retinotectal development.
abstract: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) plays regulatory functions both in immune and nervous system. However, in the visual system, little is known about the cellular types which respond to IL-2 and its effects. Herein, we investigated the influence of IL-2 in the development of central visual pathways. Lister Hooded rats were submitted to multiple (at postnatal days [PND]7/10/13) or single (at PND10) intravitreous injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (vehicle), zymosan, or IL-2. IL-2 receptor α subunit was detected in the whole postnatal retina. Chronic treatment with either PBS or IL-2 increases retinal glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, induces intravitreous inflammation revealed by the presence of macrophages, and results in a slight rearrangement of retinotectal axons. Acute zymosan treatment disrupts retinotectal axons distribution, confirming the influence of inflammation on retinotectal pathway reordering. Furthermore, acute IL-2 treatment increases GFAP expression in the retina without inflammation and produces a robust sprouting of the intact uncrossed retinotectal pathway. No difference was observed in glial cells activity in superior colliculus. Taken together, these data suggest that inflammation and interleukin-2 modulate retinal ganglion cells development and the distribution of their axons within central targets.
authors: Programa de Neurociências, Departamento de Neurobiologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Espírito-Santo
authors: H R
authors: HR
authors: Mendonça
authors: G D
authors: GD
authors: Menezes
authors: V G
authors: VG
authors: Goulart
authors: A L T
authors: AL
authors: Gomes
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Marra
authors: A C F
authors: AC
authors: Melibeu
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Serfaty
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Sholl-Franco
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Campello-Costa
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000009:adverse effects*; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase