title: Targeting glioma stem cells: enough to terminate gliomagenesis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the leading roles of glioma stem cells (GSCs) and their sophisticated interactions with other cells in the tissue remodeling process of gliomagenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published articles about assessing GSCs in tumor initiation, progression, and multiple interactions with other cells in the special microenvironment were selected using PubMed. The search terms were "glioma stem cells", "tumorigenesis", and "microenvironment".
  
  
  METHODS
  Articles regarding the tissue remodeling of GSCs in gliomagenesis were selected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GSCs exhibit enhanced tumor-initiating ability, could reestablish tumor, and were resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Studying the role of GSCs in gliomagenesis helps to develop targeting therapy against GSCs, which seems to be a cure for gliomas. However, sophisticated interactions between GSCs and their local microenvironment during tumor remodeling, including integrating with partially differentiated tumor cells, GSCs niche, neural stem cells (NSCs), normal glia, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, may obscure the leading role of GSCs during gliomagenesis, and make single targeting therapy unsuccessful.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding the biological behaviour of GSCs and their regulatory mechanisms may directly impact current efforts for more directed therapeutics against the highly aggressive gliomas. For multiple possible sources to turning into GSCs, simply eradicating the existing GSCs is not enough to be a cure for gliomas, blocking the potential sources of GSCs and ameliorating the local tumor inducing/promoting microenvironment should be a reasonable strategy.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Dong
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D005910:Glioma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006801:Humans; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010455:Peptides
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006023:Glycoproteins; D010455:Peptides