title: Acute primary canine herpesvirus-1 dendritic ulcerative keratitis in an adult dog.
abstract: We present a report of dendritic ulcerative keratitis in a 4-year old locally immunosuppressed dog suspected to result from acute primary canine herpesvirus-1 (CHV-1) infection. The dog was presented for evaluation of mild blepharospasm and conjunctival hyperemia in the right eye (OD) shortly after attending a public boarding facility. For approximately 3 months, the dog had been receiving topical prednisolone acetate 1.0% and tacrolimus 0.02% in both eyes (OU) q12h for treatment of follicular conjunctivitis. Ophthalmic examination revealed three regions of corneal fluorescein retention OD. The lesions had a dendritic pattern, were approximately 2-3 mm in length, and were located at the dorsomedial, lateral, and ventromedial aspects of the cornea. No additional abnormalities were noted on complete ophthalmic and physical examinations. CHV-1 was identified in conjunctival samples OD by polymerase chain reaction, and paired CHV-1 serum virus neutralization antibody titers were positive and consistent with acute infection. Topical prednisolone acetate and tacrolimus were discontinued. The dog was treated with cidofovir 0.5% OU q12h for a period of 4 weeks, with resolution of corneal disease noted within 1 week of treatment. In conjunction with previous studies, this case report supports a central role for alterations in host immune status in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of CHV-1 ocular disease in dogs.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA. kgervais10@gmail.com
authors: Kristen J
authors: KJ
authors: Gervais
authors: Christopher G
authors: CG
authors: Pirie
authors: Eric C
authors: EC
authors: Ledbetter
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Pizzirani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077404:Cidofovir; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D004285:Dogs; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002184:Herpesvirus 1, Canid / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D003596:Cytosine; D000077404:Cidofovir