title: Left ventricular mass and function with reduced-fat or reduced-carbohydrate hypocaloric diets in overweight and obese subjects.
abstract: In animals, carbohydrate and fat composition during dietary interventions influenced cardiac metabolism, structure, and function. Because reduced-carbohydrate and reduced-fat hypocaloric diets are commonly used in the treatment of obesity, we investigated whether these interventions differentially affect left ventricular mass, cardiac function, and blood pressure. We randomized 170 overweight and obese subjects (body mass index, 32.9±4.4; range, 26.5-45.4 kg/m(2)) to 6-month hypocaloric diets with either reduced carbohydrate intake or reduced fat intake. We obtained cardiac MRI and ambulatory blood pressure recordings over 24 hours before and after 6 months. Ninety subjects completing the intervention period had a full cardiac MRI data set. Subjects lost 7.3±4.0 kg (7.9±3.8%) with reduced-carbohydrate diet and 6.2±4.2 kg (6.7±4.4%) with reduced-fat diet (P<0.001 within each group; P=not significant between interventions). Caloric restriction led to similar significant decreases in left ventricular mass with low-carbohydrate diets (5.4±5.4 g) or low-fat diets (5.2±4.8 g; P<0.001 within each group; P=not significant between interventions). Systolic and diastolic left ventricular function did not change with either diet. The 24-hour systolic blood pressure decreased similarly with both interventions. Body weight change (β=0.33; P=0.02) and percentage of ingested n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (β=-0.27; P=0.03) predicted changes in left ventricular mass. In conclusion, weight loss induced by reduced-fat diets or reduced-carbohydrate diets similarly improved left ventricular mass in overweight and obese subjects over a 6-month period. However, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ingestion may have an independent beneficial effect on left ventricular mass.
authors: Franz Volhard Clinical Research Center at the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medical Faculty and Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
authors: Sven
authors: S
authors: Haufe
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Utz
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Engeli
authors: Petra
authors: P
authors: Kast
authors: Jana
authors: J
authors: Böhnke
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Pofahl
authors: Julius
authors: J
authors: Traber
authors: Verena
authors: V
authors: Haas
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Hermsdorf
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Mähler
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Busjahn
authors: Susanne
authors: S
authors: Wiesner
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Otto
authors: Heidrun
authors: H
authors: Mehling
authors: Friedrich C
authors: FC
authors: Luft
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Boschmann
authors: Jeanette
authors: J
authors: Schulz-Menger
authors: Jens
authors: J
authors: Jordan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000379:methods*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats