title: Translation and validation of Korean Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Esophageal (FACT-E) scale with squamous cell carcinoma and chemoradiation-only patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Esophageal (FACT-E) Scale version 4 has been used to assess quality of life in patients with squamous cell carcinoma undergoing chemoradiation. We sought to determine whether this scale can be used to assess quality of life in Korean patients with esophageal cancer undergoing chemoradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The FACT-E scale version 4 was cross-culturally translated into Korean. Its reliability and validity were assessed in a group of 146 esophageal cancer patients who were scheduled for neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CRT). This procedure was followed by esophagectomy that took place between 2007 and 2010 at Asan Medical Center. All patients completed the FACT-E, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Functional Living Index-Cancer (FLIC) questionnaires at baseline (pre-treatment) and 1 month after two cycles of induction chemotherapy followed by CRT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In validating the FACT-E, we found high internal consistency coefficients ranging from 0.72 to 0.91. Good convergent and divergent validities were demonstrated by the FLIC and HADS scales. The FACT-E showed good clinical validity and effectively differentiated between patient groups with different performance status ratings and stages. Changes in clinical status were reflected by changes in FACT-E scores, demonstrating responsiveness to neoadjuvant CRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FACT-E has been shown to be a reliable and valid instrument that can now be used to prospectively evaluate the quality of life of Korean patients with esophageal cancer.
authors: Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Hee-Jung
authors: HJ
authors: Yoo
authors: Sung-Bae
authors: SB
authors: Kim
authors: Dok Hyun
authors: DH
authors: Yoon
authors: Seung-Il
authors: SI
authors: Park
authors: Jong-Hoon
authors: JH
authors: Kim
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Cella
authors: Hwoon-Yong
authors: HY
authors: Jung
authors: Gin-Hyug
authors: GH
authors: Lee
authors: Kee Don
authors: KD
authors: Choi
authors: Ho June
authors: HJ
authors: Song
authors: Ho Young
authors: HY
authors: Song
authors: Ji Hoon
authors: JH
authors: Shin
authors: Kyung-Ja
authors: KJ
authors: Cho
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D054521:Cultural Competency; D003469:Culture; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011878:Radiotherapy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents