title: IUD use in adolescent mothers: retention, failure and reasons for discontinuation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many professional organizations recommend intrauterine device (IUD) use in adolescents, but data on performance of currently available devices in US teens are scant. We describe IUD continuation, side effect and pregnancy rates in parous adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2002 and 2008, a cohort of 136 young mothers from an adolescent pregnancy/postpartum program received either a CuT380A or LNG-IUS for contraception. A minimum of 2 years postplacement, IUD status was ascertained by records review and phone interviews. Discontinuation, side effect and pregnancy rates by IUD type were calculated and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean and median survival times were 25.1 and 14.1 months, respectively, and did not differ by IUD type. Twelve-month continuation was 55%. Of the 87 removals, the most common reasons were expulsion (14.2%), pain (12.2%), bleeding (7.4%), pregnancy desire (6.8%) and pregnancy (4.7%), and rates did not differ significantly by IUD type. First-year pregnancy rates with IUD in situ was 6.2% for the CuT380A and 3.7% for the LNG-IUS (p=.5). Rates of removal for bleeding and pain were similar for both devices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over half of parous adolescents who choose IUDs keep them for at least 1 year. Expulsion rates and pregnancy rates are higher than reported in the general population.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado, Denver School of Medicine, Box B-198-2, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. stephanie.teal@ucdenver.edu
authors: Stephanie B
authors: SB
authors: Teal
authors: Jeanelle
authors: J
authors: Sheeder
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D055815:Young Adult