title: Antigen-specific IFN-gamma and IL-4 production in caprine herpesvirus infected goats.
abstract: The analysis of cytokines secreted by antigen-specific lymphocytes is hampered in goats by the paucity of species-specific reagents yet it is crucial to study immune responses to infections. To overcome this limit, two commercial kits designed to measure soluble bovine IL-4 (by ELISA) and frequencies of bovine IFN-gamma secreting cells (by ELISPOT) were tested for cross-reactivity in goats. In addition, an ELISA specific to bovine/ovine IL-4 and employing two monoclonal antibodies, clones CC313 and CC314, was tested as well. Concanavalin A-stimulated caprine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultures were studied and they exhibited high levels of soluble IL-4 and high frequencies of IFN-gamma secreting cells. In addition, the two IL-4 ELISAs detected similar amounts of cytokine. To start defining the cytokine response triggered by caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1) infection, PBMC cultures were setup from goats naturally or experimentally infected with CpHV-1. High frequencies of IFN-gamma producing cells and low, when detectable, levels of soluble IL-4 were observed in CpHV-1-specific PBMC cultures from both groups of infected goats. Thus, the availability of cross-reactive research tools can expand cytokine studies in goats and can implement the research on immunity to other caprine infections.
authors: Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy. mariarosaria.marinaro@iss.it
authors: Mariarosaria
authors: M
authors: Marinaro
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Tempesta
authors: Elvira
authors: E
authors: Tarsitano
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Camero
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Losurdo
authors: Canio
authors: C
authors: Buonavoglia
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Rezza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008934:Mitogens; D018140:Varicellovirus
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D008934:Mitogens; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma