title: Radiographic periodontal bone loss in chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined the extent and severity of radiographic periodontal bone loss in patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and explored a potential dose-response relationship between bone loss and CKD-related biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Panoramic radiographs were obtained from 129 CKD patients (78 males and 51 females; mean age: 63.5 years, range: 24 to 91 years), including 63 patients undergoing dialysis for an average of 3.3 years (range: 0.5 to 14 years). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), dialysis dose, and levels of serum biomarkers were obtained through a hospital database. Interproximal bone loss was assessed as a percentage of root length.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-nine participants were edentulous (23.8% of those on dialysis versus 21.2% of those with residual kidney function; χ(2) test, P = 0.724). The extent of bone loss was higher among dialysis patients (analysis of variance [ANOVA], P = 0.007), but no clear dose-response association between CKD stage and extent was evident. GFR, dialysis dose, and levels of serum biomarkers did not differ between edentulous and dentate individuals, and only serum albumin was lower in patients with extensive bone loss (ANOVA, P = 0.030). After adjusting for dialysis status, the severity of bone loss was positively associated with glucose levels (multiple regression, P = 0.019) and white blood cell count (P = 0.032), whereas the number of teeth present was positively associated with plasma phosphorus (P = 0.008) and negatively with glucose levels (P = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite a higher extent of bone loss in dialysis patients, the lack of a dose-response association between bone loss and CKD stage or the levels of CKD-related serum biomarkers underscores the complex relationship between the two conditions.
authors: College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors: Marie-Danielle
authors: MD
authors: Messier
authors: Karin
authors: K
authors: Emde
authors: Leonard
authors: L
authors: Stern
authors: Jai
authors: J
authors: Radhakrishnan
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Vernocchi
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Cheng
authors: Christos
authors: C
authors: Angelopoulos
authors: Panos N
authors: PN
authors: Papapanou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D012709:Serum Albumin