title: The Wartegg Zeichen Test: a literature overview and a meta-analysis of reliability and validity.
abstract: All available studies on the Wartegg Zeichen Test (WZT; Wartegg, 1939) were collected and evaluated through a literature overview and a meta-analysis. The literature overview shows that the history of the WZT reflects the geographical and language-based processes of marginalization where relatively isolated traditions have lived and vanished in different parts of the world. The meta-analytic review indicates a high average interscorer reliability of rw = .74 and high validity effect size for studies with clear hypotheses of rw = .33. Although the results were strong, we conclude that the WZT research has not been able to establish cumulative knowledge of the method because of the isolation of research traditions.
authors: Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway. jarna.soilevuo@gronnerod.net
authors: Jarna
authors: J
authors: Soilevuo Grønnerød
authors: Cato
authors: C
authors: Grønnerød
mesh_terms: D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005060:Europe; D005863:Gestalt Theory; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011386:Projective Techniques / Q000266:history*; D011584:Psychology / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D013561:Symbolism; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis