title: Perinatal immunoproteins predict the risk of cerebral palsy in preterm children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether blood cytokines during the perinatal period predict the risk of cerebral palsy (CP) in preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective cohort study comprised 169 children born before 32 weeks of gestation. Cord blood was drawn at birth, and 109 cytokines were analyzed using microarrays. Eleven cytokines were further measured from both cord and peripheral blood on days 1 and 7. Cerebral palsy was confirmed at 5 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cerebral palsy was diagnosed in 19 children. Five clusters of cord blood cytokines were scored using factor analysis. According to logistic regression analysis, the scores of factors 1 and 2 independently predicted the risk of CP. These cytokines included several growth factors and chemokines, and they all tended to be higher in children with CP than in children without CP. Inflammatory cytokine levels were associated with CP risk on days 1 and 7 after birth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high blood concentrations of various cytokines during the perinatal period may relate to CP, and these cytokines may influence the pathways leading to early insult in the central nervous system. The risk profile of inflammatory cytokines is different at birth than during the first week after birth.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland. tuula.kaukola@oulu.fi
authors: Tuula
authors: T
authors: Kaukola
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Kallankari
authors: Jarno
authors: J
authors: Tuimala
authors: Päivi
authors: P
authors: Olsén
authors: Outi
authors: O
authors: Tammela
authors: Stephen F
authors: SF
authors: Kingsmore
authors: Mikko
authors: M
authors: Hallman
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood; D005865:Gestational Age; D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D058725:Peripartum Period / Q000097:blood; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016298:Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007378:Interleukins; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors