title: Immunohistochemical detection of meconium in the fetal membrane, placenta and umbilical cord.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop the immunohistochemistry specific for meconium in the placenta, fetal membrane and umbilical cord.
  
  
  METHODS
  We previously reported the specific presence of zinc coproporphyrin I (ZnCP-I) in human meconium and demonstrated the possible diagnostic use of an elevation in maternal plasma ZnCP-I levels in cases of amniotic fluid embolism. In this study, we developed a new specific monoclonal antibody for ZnCP-I and applied it to the immunostaining of meconium in the placenta, fetal membrane, and umbilical cord.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoreactivity of ZnCP-I clearly and specifically identified meconium in the placenta, fetal membrane, and umbilical cord. It was especially useful in cases of severe chorioamnionitis to detect meconium in the macrophages surrounded by numerous neutrophils. In more than half of the cases, meconium was detected in clear amniotic fluid at delivery, suggesting previous exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunohistochemical detection of ZnCP-I is a highly sensitive histological diagnosis of meconium.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Furuta
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Yaguchi
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Itoh
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Morishima
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Tamura
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kato
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Uchida
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Suzuki
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sugihara
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Kawabata
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Suzuki
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Sasaki
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Horiuchi
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Kanayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003306:Coproporphyrins / Q000032:analysis*; D004619:Embolism, Amniotic Fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008470:Meconium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008471:Meconium Aspiration Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods; D010920:Placenta / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003306:Coproporphyrins; C031467:coproporphyrin I