title: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) management in palliative care units and hospices in Germany: a nationwide survey on patient isolation policies and quality of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For palliative care settings, little is known about the benefits of specific methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus containment regimens and the burdens patient isolation imposes on affected patients, their families, and professional caregivers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the current practice of MRSA management and its impact on inpatients' quality of life as perceived by professional caregivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey of inpatient palliative care institutions using 23-item questionnaires (infrastructural data: six items, management process: 14, clinical significance: three).
  
  
  METHODS
  All palliative care units (179) and hospices (181) listed in Germany's directory of palliative care services. The χ(2) test was used to test for differences; significance level: p ≤ 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  229 of 360 questionnaires were returned. More than 90% of the responding institutions employed specific MRSA protocols. Lack of resources was a more important issue for palliative care units than for hospices regarding availability of single rooms (p = 0.002) and staffing (p = 0.004). Compared to hospices, palliative care units more frequently isolated MRSA patients (p = 0.000), actively treated colonization (p = 0.026), assessed the efficacy of eradication (p = 0.000), provided information on MRSA management to patients (p = 0.014) and relatives (p = 0.001), more often restricted patients' activities (p = 0.000), and reported a negative impact on quality of life (p = 0.000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rigorously applied MRSA protocols impose significant burdens at the end of life. Research on clinical outcomes including quality of life may identify interventions of questionable benefit. The issue of handling MRSA should be studied as a model for the management of other highly complex conditions and special needs such as patient isolation.
authors: Division of Palliative Medicine, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany. johannes.buekki@uk-erlangen.de
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Bükki
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Klein
authors: Ludmilla
authors: L
authors: But
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Montag
authors: Hans Martin
authors: HM
authors: Wenchel
authors: Raymond
authors: R
authors: Voltz
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Ostgathe
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019468:Disease Management; D005858:Germany; D006738:Hospices / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods*; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D010356:Patient Isolation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires