title: Increasing incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia despite improved vaccination uptake: surveillance in Hull and East Yorkshire, UK, 2002-2009.
abstract: Introduction of pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPV23) and conjugate vaccine (PCV7) programmes were expected to change the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and pneumonia in the UK. We describe the epidemiology of IPD and hospitalization with pneumonia using high-quality surveillance data over an 8-year period, 2002-2009. Although PPV23 uptake increased from 49% to 70% and PCV7 uptake reached 98% by 2009, the overall incidence of IPD increased from 11.8/100 000 to 16.4/100 000 (P=0.13), and the incidence of hospitalization with pneumonia increased from 143/100 000 to 207/100 000 (P<0.001). Although a reduction in the proportion of IPD caused by PCV7 serotypes was observed, concurrent increases in PPV23 and non-vaccine serotype IPD contributed to an increased IPD burden overall. Marked inequalities in the geographical distribution of disease were observed. Existing vaccination programmes have, so far, not been sufficient to address an increasing burden of pneumococcal disease in our locality.
authors: Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Hull, UK. jameselston2003@yahoo.co.uk
authors: J W T
authors: JW
authors: Elston
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Santaniello-Newton
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Meigh
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Harmer
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Allgar
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Allison
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Richardson
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Meigh
authors: S R
authors: SR
authors: Palmer
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Barlow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D019371:Topography, Medical; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C414006:23-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines