title: Enhanced enzymatic saccharification of kenaf powder after ultrasonic pretreatment in ionic liquids at room temperature.
abstract: This study demonstrates for the first time that the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is drastically enhanced following ultrasonic pretreatment of lignocellulosic material in ionic liquids (ILs) when compared to conventional thermal pretreatment. Five types of ILs, 1-buthyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EmimCl), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate (EmimDep), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimOAc) were tested. Cellulose saccharification ratio was about 20% for kenaf powders pretreated in BmimCl, AmimCl, EmimCl, and EmimDep by conventional heating at 110 °C for 120 min. Conversely, 60-95% of cellulose was hydrolyzed to glucose, subsequent to ultrasonic pretreatment in the same ILs for 120 min at 25 °C. The cellulose saccharification ratio of kenaf powder in EmimOAc was 86% after only 15 min of the ultrasonic pretreatment at 25 °C, compared to only 47% in that case of thermal pretreatment in the IL.
authors: Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors: Kazuaki
authors: K
authors: Ninomiya
authors: Kazuki
authors: K
authors: Kamide
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Takahashi
authors: Nobuaki
authors: N
authors: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis; D003460:Crystallization; D031584:Hibiscus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006868:Hydrolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008031:Lignin / Q000032:analysis; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D011208:Powders; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011208:Powders; C007916:hemicellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; D002480:Cellulase; C518739:1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium