title: Modulation of the metabolism of airborne pollutants by glucoraphanin-rich and sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprout beverages in Qidong, China.
abstract: Epidemiological evidence has suggested that consumption of a diet rich in cruciferous vegetables reduces the risk of several types of cancers and chronic degenerative diseases. In particular, broccoli sprouts are a convenient and rich source of the glucosinolate, glucoraphanin, which can release the chemopreventive agent, sulforaphane, an inducer of glutathione S-transferases. Two broccoli sprout-derived beverages, one sulforaphane-rich (SFR) and the other glucoraphanin-rich (GRR), were evaluated for pharmacodynamic action in a crossover clinical trial design. Study participants were recruited from the farming community of He Zuo Township, Qidong, China, previously documented to have a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma with concomitant exposures to aflatoxin and more recently characterized with exposures to substantive levels of airborne pollutants. Fifty healthy participants were randomized into two treatment arms. The study protocol was as follows: a 5 days run-in period, a 7 days administration of beverage, a 5 days washout period and a 7 days administration of the opposite beverage. Urinary excretion of the mercapturic acids of acrolein, crotonaldehyde, ethylene oxide and benzene were measured both pre- and postinterventions using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Statistically significant increases of 20-50% in the levels of excretion of glutathione-derived conjugates of acrolein, crotonaldehyde and benzene were seen in individuals receiving SFR, GRR or both compared with their preintervention baseline values. No significant differences were seen between the effects of SFR versus GRR. Intervention with broccoli sprouts may enhance detoxication of airborne pollutants and attenuate their associated health risks.
authors: Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. tkensler@jhsph.edu
authors: Thomas W
authors: TW
authors: Kensler
authors: Derek
authors: D
authors: Ng
authors: Steven G
authors: SG
authors: Carmella
authors: Menglan
authors: M
authors: Chen
authors: Lisa P
authors: LP
authors: Jacobson
authors: Alvaro
authors: A
authors: Muñoz
authors: Patricia A
authors: PA
authors: Egner
authors: Jian Guo
authors: JG
authors: Chen
authors: Geng Sun
authors: GS
authors: Qian
authors: Tao Yang
authors: TY
authors: Chen
authors: Jed W
authors: JW
authors: Fahey
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Talalay
authors: John D
authors: JD
authors: Groopman
authors: Jian-Min
authors: JM
authors: Yuan
authors: Stephen S
authors: SS
authors: Hecht
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D000171:Acrolein / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D001554:Benzene / Q000378:metabolism; D001628:Beverages; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000378:metabolism; D005027:Ethylene Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007096:Imidoesters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010091:Oximes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000447:Aldehydes; D015415:Biomarkers; D018736:DNA Adducts; D005961:Glucosinolates; D007096:Imidoesters; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D010091:Oximes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013861:Thiocyanates; D000171:Acrolein; C012796:2-butenal; C016766:sulforaphane; D001554:Benzene; D005027:Ethylene Oxide; C119494:glucoraphanin; D000111:Acetylcysteine