title: Multiple roles of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins: pathogenicity, superantigenic activity, and correlation to antibiotic resistance.
abstract: Heat-stable enterotoxins are the most notable virulence factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus, a common pathogen associated with serious community and hospital acquired diseases. Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) cause toxic shock-like syndromes and have been implicated in food poisoning. But SEs also act as superantigens that stimulate T-cell proliferation, and a high correlation between these activities has been detected. Most of the nosocomial S. aureus infections are caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains, and those resistant to quinolones or multiresistant to other antibiotics are emerging, leaving a limited choice for their control. This review focuses on these diverse roles of SE, their possible correlations and the influence in disease progression and therapy.
authors: Area de Microbiología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071-Jaén, Spain. ortega@ujaen.es
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Ortega
authors: Hikmate
authors: H
authors: Abriouel
authors: Rosario
authors: R
authors: Lucas
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Gálvez
mesh_terms: D018450:Disease Progression; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000209:etiology; D013202:Staphylococcal Food Poisoning / Q000209:etiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018089:Superantigens / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004768:Enterotoxins; D018089:Superantigens