title: Apoptosis in the anucleate platelet.
abstract: For many years, programmed cell death, known as apoptosis, was attributed exclusively to nucleated cells. Currently, however, apoptosis is also well-documented in anucleate platelets. This review describes extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis in nucleated cells and in platelets, platelet apoptosis induced by multiple chemical stimuli and shear stresses, markers of platelet apoptosis, mitochodrial control of platelet apoptosis, and apoptosis mediated by platelet surface receptors PAR-1, GPIIbIIIa and GPIbα. In addition, this review presents data on platelet apoptosis provoked by aging of platelets in vitro during platelet storage, platelet apoptosis in pathological settings in humans and animal models, and inhibition of platelet apoptosis by cyclosporin A, intravenous immunoglobulin and GPIIbIIIa antagonist drugs.
authors: Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. leytinv@smh.toronto.on.ca
authors: Valery
authors: V
authors: Leytin
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins