title: [Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis].
abstract: Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis is a parasitic zoonosis due to Leishmania infantum. The dog is the reservoir species and also the main victim. The vector is the female Phlebotomus sand fly. In the southern Mediterranean region the disease is most frequent in children, whereas in Europe, and particularly in France, it is mostly an opportunistic infection associated with immunosuppression. Frequent asymptomatic carriage has been detected in southern Europe. The classic symptom triad consists of fever, pallor and splenomegaly. Biological signs include low cell blood counts (anemia, leukoneutropenia, and thrombocytopenia) and an inflammatory syndrome. Commercial serologic tests such as those based on immunoblotting are very useful. The gold standard for diagnosis is parasite detection in bone marrow or blood. PCR is useful for therapeutic follow-up. Treatment is currently based on liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome).
authors: Parasitologie-mycologie, CHU l'Archet--Nice Sophia Antipolis, inserm U 895. marty.p@chu-nice.fr
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Marty
authors: Christelle
authors: C
authors: Pomares
authors: Grégory
authors: G
authors: Michel
authors: Pascal
authors: P
authors: Delaunay
authors: Bernard
authors: B
authors: Ferrua
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Rosenthal
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission*; D015047:Zoonoses
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B