title: Implementation of a portable electronic system for providing pain relief to patellofemoral pain syndrome patients.
abstract: In this study, a portable electromyogram (EMG) system and a stimulator are developed for patellofemoral pain syndrome patients, with the objective of reducing the pain experienced by these patients; the patellar pain is caused by an imbalance between the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) and the vastus lateralis (VL). The EMG measurement circuit and the electrical stimulation device proposed in this study are specifically designed for the VMO and the VL; they are capable of real-time waveform recording, possess analyzing functions, and can upload their measurement data to a computer for storage and analysis. The system can calculate and record the time difference between the EMGs of the VMO and the VL, as well as the signal strengths of both the EMGs. As soon as the system detects the generation of the EMG of the VL, it quickly calculates and processes the event and stimulates the VMO as feedback through electrical stimulation units, in order to induce its contraction. The system can adjust the signal strength, time length, and the sequence of the electrical stimulation, both manually and automatically. The output waveform of the electrical stimulation circuit is a dual-phase asymmetrical pulse waveform. The primary function of the electrical simulation circuit is to ensure that the muscles contract effectively. The performance of the device can be seen that the width of each pulse is 20-1000 μs, the frequency of each pulse is 10-100 Hz, and current strength is 10-60 mA.
authors: Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Nanzih District, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan. ccjr@nkfust.edu.tw
authors: Jia-Ren Chang
authors: JR
authors: Chien
authors: Guo-Hong
authors: GH
authors: Lin
authors: Ar-Tyan
authors: AT
authors: Hsu
mesh_terms: D005269:Femur; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain; D059408:Pain Management / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D010329:Patella; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*