title: Tigecycline accelerates staphylococcal-infected burn wound healing through matrix metalloproteinase-9 modulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the in vivo efficacy of tigecycline, a new glycylcycline (a tetracycline derivative), in the management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected experimental surgical wounds in rats. The main outcome measures were quantitative bacterial culture, histological examination and immunohistochemical expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and collagen IV.
  
  
  METHODS
  An animal model was used to compare the in vivo efficacy of teicoplanin and tigecycline in the treatment of burn wound infections by S. aureus. A copper bar, heated in boiling water, was placed on the paraspinal site of each rat, resulting in full thickness burns. A small gauze was placed over each burn and then inoculated with 5 × 10(7) cfu of S. aureus ATCC 43300. To mimic the clinical situation in burn patients, surgical debridement was performed 48 h after the injury. The wounds were left to heal by secondary intention. The study included an uninfected control group that did not receive any treatment, a contaminated group that did not receive any treatment, and two contaminated groups treated with intraperitoneal tigecycline (2 mg/kg) and teicoplanin (7 mg/kg), respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All antibiotic treatments were significantly effective. Tigecycline showed the highest antimicrobial activity, with a better impact on histological results. Infected rats treated with tigecycline showed a significant decrease in MMP-9 expression both in epithelium and in dermis compared with rats treated with teicoplanin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tigecycline, besides its antimicrobial activity, exerts an important modulatory effect on MMP-9, accelerating wound healing in staphylococcal-infected burns.
authors: Department of Dermatology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy. o.simonetti@univpm.it
authors: Oriana
authors: O
authors: Simonetti
authors: Oscar
authors: O
authors: Cirioni
authors: Guendalina
authors: G
authors: Lucarini
authors: Fiorenza
authors: F
authors: Orlando
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Ghiselli
authors: Carmela
authors: C
authors: Silvestri
authors: Lucia
authors: L
authors: Brescini
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Rocchi
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Provinciali
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Guerrieri
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Di Primio
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Giacometti
authors: Annamaria
authors: A
authors: Offidani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058491:Bacterial Load; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008911:Minocycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000078304:Tigecycline; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D017334:Teicoplanin; D000078304:Tigecycline; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D008911:Minocycline