title: Underlying genetic diagnosis of Pierre Robin sequence: retrospective chart review at two children's hospitals and a systematic literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the underlying genetic diagnosis of Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) in 2 cohorts of individuals, assess the accuracy of genetic evaluation in young infants with PRS, and contrast the interventions provided to children with isolated and syndromic PRS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved retrospective chart reviews at 2 children's hospitals and a systematic literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 40% of the patients had isolated PRS, and 60% of the patients had additional syndromic features. The patients with PRS with syndromic features required more aggressive medical management. Stickler syndrome was the most common syndromic diagnosis in PRS. The difficulty of making an accurate genetic diagnosis during the neonatal period was demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All infants with PRS should be evaluated to check for the presence of syndromic features, and a longitudinal follow-up is warranted to monitor for the development of any syndromic features.
authors: Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Case Medical Center and the Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors: Kosuke
authors: K
authors: Izumi
authors: Laura L
authors: LL
authors: Konczal
authors: Anna L
authors: AL
authors: Mitchell
authors: Marilyn C
authors: MC
authors: Jones
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010855:Pierre Robin Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies