title: X-ray-induced water vaporization.
abstract: We present quantitative evidence for x-ray-induced water vaporization: water is vaporized at a rate of 5.5 pL/s with the 1-Å-wavelength x-ray irradiation of ~0.1 photons per Å(2); moreover, water vapor is reversibly condensed during pauses in irradiation. This result fundamentally suggests that photoionization induces vaporization. This phenomenon is attributed to surface-tension reduction by ionization and would be universally important in radiological and electrohydrodynamic situations.
authors: X-ray Imaging Center, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31, Pohang 790-784, South Korea. bmweon@hotmail.com
authors: B M
authors: BM
authors: Weon
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Je
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Fezzaa