title: Pulmonary function and left ventricular mass in African Americans: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Impaired pulmonary function has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between pulmonary function and left ventricular (LV) mass.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were African American women (n = 1,069) and men (n = 555) aged 49-73 years, from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Mean pulmonary function values at the first (1987-1989) and second (1990-1992) examinations were used. Echocardiograms were performed at the third and early in the fourth examinations (1993-1996). Analysis of covariance and linear regression were used to assess associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean levels of LV mass decreased with increasing quintiles of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1) ) among female never smokers (P = 0.039). Forced vital capacity (FVC) showed stronger associations than FEV(1) with LV mass. Among men, LV mass was positively associated with FEV(1) among current and never smokers, and with FVC among never smokers. Additional analyses among never smokers revealed significant inverse associations between LV mass and FVC among women with waist-to-hip ratios of >0.85 and those with no history of diabetes. In contrast, significant positive associations between LV mass and FVC were seen among male never smokers with body mass index (BMI) of ≤24.9 kg/m(2) , waist-to-hip ratios of ≤0.95, no history of hypertension or diabetes, and ≤60 years old. BMI and waist-to-hip ratio significantly modified associations among men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among never smokers, LV mass and pulmonary function were inversely associated among women and positively associated among men. Further studies are warranted.
authors: Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888, USA. lcharles@cdc.gov
authors: Luenda E
authors: LE
authors: Charles
authors: Cecil M
authors: CM
authors: Burchfiel
authors: Michael E
authors: ME
authors: Andrew
authors: Ja K
authors: JK
authors: Gu
authors: Marcy F
authors: MF
authors: Petrini
authors: Kenneth R
authors: KR
authors: Butler
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D001823:Body Composition; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014797:Vital Capacity; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio