title: Bioenergetics of T cell activation and death in HIV type 1 infection.
abstract: Regressive morphological lesions, found in peripheral lymphocytes from HIV(+) patients, clearly conflict with normal cycle progression and with the execution of basic housekeeping and immune functions. With these lesions, circulating lymphocytes are destined to spontaneous and energy-independent cell lysis. By means of confocal microscopy and morphometry, we have quantified the rate of circulating T cells that are probably destined to emocatheresis in vivo. This rate includes lymphocytes in which nucleolin fragments have been scattered out of the nuclear region as a result of prelethal alterations in the nuclear membrane permeability. In terms of bioenergetics, these cells show evident anomalies in the energy production machinery that make them unable to carry out ATP-requiring functions. The extent of damaged cell fraction in peripheral blood reflects the frequency with which T lymphocytes leave lymphoid tissue to be cleared in hemocatheretic processes.
authors: Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Messina, Italy. giusyvisalli@yahoo.it
authors: Giuseppa
authors: G
authors: Visalli
authors: Maria Paola
authors: MP
authors: Bertuccio
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Currò
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Pellicanò
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Sturniolo
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Carnevali
authors: Pasquale
authors: P
authors: Spataro
authors: Riccardo
authors: R
authors: Ientile
authors: Isa
authors: I
authors: Picerno
authors: Vittorio
authors: V
authors: Cavallari
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Piedimonte
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019562:Viral Load / Q000276:immunology*; D000097796:Nucleolin
chemical_list: D010750:Phosphoproteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D000097796:Nucleolin