title: Maternal iron status: relation to fetal growth, length of gestation, and iron endowment of the neonate.
abstract: Anemia prevalence is highest in preschool children, women of reproductive age, and women who are pregnant. While the etiology of anemia is multifactorial, iron deficiency is the most commonly recognized nutritional cause. Observational studies imply that supplementation with iron or iron-folic acid should be started early in pregnancy, if not before, in order to prevent low-birth-weight and preterm delivery. Despite this, findings from clinical trials, even those conducted during early pregnancy, are equivocal. Recent follow-up studies of children born to women supplemented with iron-folic acid suggest that mortality is decreased and that the infant's iron endowment reflects the mother's iron status during pregnancy.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Stratford, New Jersey 08104, USA. scholl@umdnj.edu
authors: Theresa O
authors: TO
authors: Scholl
mesh_terms: D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D047928:Premature Birth; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D005492:Folic Acid