title: Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in calves using the contrast medium iodixanol.
abstract: To develop a simple procedure for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in calves, a three-sample method using iodixanol was first compared to that using the standard agent inulin. Iodixanol and inulin were co-administered intravenously to calves at 40 mg I/kg and 40 mg/kg, respectively, and blood was collected 30, 60, 120, and 180 min later. Serum iodixanol and inulin concentrations were separately determined by high performance liquid chromatography and colorimetry. Serum urea nitrogen (UN) and creatinine concentrations were also measured. GFR estimated by iodixanol was consistent with that using inulin in clinically healthy calves. Based on GFR estimations in healthy calves and those renal-loaded with iodixanol, it was found that the serum creatinine concentrations became elevated when GFR decreased to 60% of the reference value. In contrast, serum UN concentrations fluctuated widely, presumably due to extra-renal factors. When GFR was estimated using the three-sample method and compared with the single-blood-sample method, 62/69 (90%) of samples tested were within the agreement plots. The results demonstrated that the single-blood-sample method using iodixanol may be useful in monitoring GFR in calves.
authors: Department of Veterinary Basic Medicine, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan.
authors: Kyoko
authors: K
authors: Imai
authors: Norio
authors: N
authors: Yamagishi
authors: Norimoto
authors: N
authors: Okura
authors: Takumi
authors: T
authors: Fukuda
authors: Toh-ichi
authors: T
authors: Hirata
authors: Keiji
authors: K
authors: Okada
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Sato
authors: Kazuhisa
authors: K
authors: Furuhama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000662:veterinary; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005665:Furosemide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007444:Inulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007677:Kidney Function Tests / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012016:Reference Values; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D005665:Furosemide; D007444:Inulin; D003404:Creatinine; C044834:iodixanol