title: Toxicological properties of several medicinal plants from the Himalayas (India) against vectors of malaria, filariasis and dengue.
abstract: The leaves of five plants namely Nyctanthes arbortistis (Oleaceae), Catharanthus   roseus (Apocynaceae), Boenininghusenia albiflora (Rutaceae), Valeriana hardwickii   (Valerianaceae) and Eupatorium odoratum (Asteraceae) were selected for the first time   from the Garhwal region of north west Himalaya to investigation its toxicological properties   against mosquito vectors of malaria, filariasis and dengue. In a laboratory study, using different   polarity solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol) were tested against important   larvae of malaria, filariasis and dengue vectors in India. It was observed that petroleum ether   fraction of all selected plant possess good larvicidal properties than other solvent fraction.   The LC(50) values of isolates from Nyctanthes arbortistis (HAR-1), C. roseus (CAT-1), B. albiflora   (BOA-1), V. hardwickii (SUG-1) and E. odoratum (EUP-1) against Anopheles stephensi were   185 ppm, 150 ppm, 105 ppm, 225 ppm and 135 ppm, respectively. The results therefore   suggest that the fraction code BOA-1 has excellent larvicidal properties and could be   incorporated as botanical insecticides against mosquito vectors with high safety to nontarget   organisms. The same fraction was tested against adult vectors of malaria, filariasis   and dengue, but no mortality was observed.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. firoz.a@rediffmail.com
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Alam
authors: Mohammed M
authors: MM
authors: Safhi
authors: A K
authors: AK
authors: Chopra
authors: V K
authors: VK
authors: Dua
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects*; D004199:Disease Vectors; D007194:India; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts