title: Outcomes of usual chiropractic, harm & efficacy, the ouch study: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have demonstrated that adverse events occur during chiropractic treatment. However, because of these studies design we do not know the frequency and extent of these events when compared to sham treatment. The principal aims of this study are to establish the frequency and severity of adverse effects from short term usual chiropractic treatment of the spine when compared to a sham treatment group. The secondary aim of this study is to establish the efficacy of usual short term chiropractic care for spinal pain when compared to a sham intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty participants will be randomly allocated to either usual chiropractic care or a sham intervention group. To be considered for inclusion the participants must have experienced non-specific spinal pain for at least one week. The study will be conducted at the clinics of registered chiropractors in Western Australia. Participants in each group will receive two treatments at intervals no less than one week. For the usual chiropractic care group, the selection of therapeutic techniques will be left to the chiropractors' discretion. For the sham intervention group, de-tuned ultrasound and de-tuned activator treatment will be applied by the chiropractors to the regions where spinal pain is experienced. Adverse events will be assessed two days after each appointment using a questionnaire developed for this study. The efficacy of short term chiropractic care for spinal pain will be examined at two week follow-up by assessing pain, physical function, minimum acceptable outcome, and satisfaction with care, with the use of the following outcome measures: Numerical Rating Scale, Functional Rating Index, Neck Disability Index, Minimum Acceptable Outcome Questionnaire, Oswestry Disability Index, and a global measure of treatment satisfaction. The statistician, outcome assessor, and participants will be blinded to treatment allocation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR): ACTRN12611000542998.
authors: School of Chiropractic and Sports Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
authors: Bruce F
authors: BF
authors: Walker
authors: Barrett
authors: B
authors: Losco
authors: Brenton R
authors: BR
authors: Clarke
authors: Jeff
authors: J
authors: Hebert
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: French
authors: Norman J
authors: NJ
authors: Stomski
mesh_terms: D002684:Chiropractic / Q000009:adverse effects; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018401:Sample Size; D016896:Treatment Outcome