title: [Study on the relationship between vaginal and intestinal candida in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between vaginal and intestinal candida in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis by using microbiological and molecular methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  The samples of vaginal discharge and anal swabs were collected from 148 cases with vulvovaginal candidiasis, followed by fungal culture, identification, purification and genome DNA extraction. The genome sequences from respective locations were aligned and typed according to their homology analyzed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) PCR and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR. Patients with vulvovaginal infection or those with infections in intestine and vulvovagina were pooled respectively, while the recurrent incidences after local anti-fungal treatments were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Candida albicans is the dominant pathogen in 148 cases with vulvovaginal candidiasis (91.9%, 136/148); 33.1% (49/148) of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis were infected in both intestine and vulvovagina. While 92% (22/24) of patients with intestinal and vaginal candida infection showed high homology. The recurrent rate of patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis complicated with concurrent intestinal candida infection (7/14) was significantly higher than that of solo vaginal infected patients [21% (6/29)] after vaginal treatment (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The infection of vulvovaginal candidiasis is highly associated with the concurrent infection of intestinal candida. The recurrent rate is high in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis with concurrent infection of intestinal candida after vaginal treatment. The general management to those patients infected by both vulvovaginal and intestinal candida is necessary in reducing the recurrence of the disease.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changning District Central Hospital, Shanghai 200336, China.
authors: Xiao-li
authors: XL
authors: Lin
authors: Zhen
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Xu-lei
authors: XL
authors: Zuo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002175:Candida / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D002353:Carrier State; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D012008:Recurrence; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer