title: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: bees, honey and pollen as sentinels for environmental chemical contaminants.
abstract: Three beehive matrices, sampled in six different apiaries from West France, were analyzed for the presence of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH4: benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene and chrysene). Samples were collected during four different periods in both 2008 and 2009. Honey samples showed the lowest levels of PAH4 contamination (min=0.03 μg kg(-1); max=5.80 μg kg(-1); mean=0.82 μg kg(-1); Sd=1.17). Bee samples exhibited higher levels of PAH4 contamination (min=0.32 μg kg(-1); max=73.83 μg kg(-1); mean=7.03 μg kg(-1); Sd=17.83) with a great dispersion of the concentrations due to four main events of high concentrations. Pollen samples showed only one major episode with the highest PAH4 concentration found (min=0.33 μg kg(-1); max=129.41 μg kg(-1); mean=7.10 μg kg(-1); Sd=22.28). The PAH4 concentrations found were significantly influenced by the landscape context for all beehive samples.
authors: LUNAM Université, ONIRIS, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique, Plateforme Environnementale Vétérinaire, Centre Vétérinaire de la Faune Sauvage et des Ecosystèmes des Pays de la Loire, Atlanpole-La Chantrerie, BP 40706, Nantes F-44307, France. olivier.lambert@oniris-nantes.fr
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Lambert
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Veyrand
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Durand
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Marchand
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Le Bizec
authors: Mélanie
authors: M
authors: Piroux
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Puyo
authors: Chantal
authors: C
authors: Thorin
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Delbac
authors: Hervé
authors: H
authors: Pouliquen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D004777:Environment; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005602:France; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000662:veterinary; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons