title: Comparison of dysfunctional attitudes and social adjustment among infertile employed and unemployed women in Iran.
abstract: This study aims to compare dysfunctional attitudes and social adjustment in infertile employed and unemployed females. Due to the stresses of infertility, infertile females are faced with a variety of sexual and psychological problems, as well as dysfunctional attitudes that can lead to depression. Moreover, infertility problems provoke women into maladjustment and inadvertent corruption of relationships. In this regard, our goal is to consider the effects of employment in conjunction with education on dysfunctional attitudes and social adjustment among infertile women in Iran. In this work, we employed the survey method. We recruited 240 infertile women, utilizing the cluster random sampling method. These women filled out the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale and the social adjustment part of the California Test of Personality. Next, multivariate analysis of variance was performed to test the relationship of employment status and education with dysfunctional attitudes and social adjustment. Our results indicated that dysfunctional attitudes were far more prevalent in infertile unemployed women than in infertile employed women. Also, social adjustment was better in infertile employed women than in infertile unemployed women. It was shown that education level alone does not have significant effect on dysfunctional attitudes and social adjustment. However, we demonstrated that the employment status of infertile women in conjunction with their education level significantly affects the two dimensions of dysfunctional attitudes (relationships, entitlements) and has insignificant effects on social adjustment. It was revealed that in employed infertile women in Iran, the higher education level, the less dysfunctional were attitudes in relationships and entitlements, whereas in unemployed infertile women, those with a college degree had the least and those with master's or higher degrees had the most dysfunctional attitudes in terms of relationships and entitlements.
authors: University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. shafigh@stanford.edu
authors: Azadeh S
authors: AS
authors: Fatemi
authors: Seyed Jalal
authors: SJ
authors: Younesi
authors: Manouchehr
authors: M
authors: Azkhosh
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Askari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000523:psychology*; D007492:Iran; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D012917:Social Adjustment; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult