title: Longitudinal stent deformation: a retrospective analysis of frequency and mechanisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Modern drug-eluting stents are constructed with thin struts and are easy to deliver and highly conformable. However, although innovative designs have enabled maintenance of radial strength, longitudinal strength may be lower with these stents and there have been recent reports of longitudinal stent compression of ostially deployed stents. We report the experience in our centre on longitudinal stent deformation and explore mechanisms of this complication and its frequency with various drug-eluting stent platforms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine cases of longitudinal stent deformation were identified over a four year period representing 0.2% of cases and affected 0.097% of stents deployed. There were several mechanisms for this complication including compression by post-dilatation balloons, guide catheter extensions and proximal embolic protection devices. The rate of stent deformation varied from 0% in several stent types to 0.86% in the case of the Promus Element stent. There was one case of late stent thrombosis attributable to longitudinal stent deformation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Longitudinal stent deformation can occur secondary to a variety of mechanisms and identification is important as, left untreated, it may be associated with a risk of stent thrombosis. Although seen with several different stents, in our series it was more commonly observed with the Promus Element stent.
authors: Manchester Heart Centre, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom. dr.pdwilliams@gmail.com
authors: Paul D
authors: PD
authors: Williams
authors: Mamas A
authors: MA
authors: Mamas
authors: Kenneth P
authors: KP
authors: Morgan
authors: Magdi
authors: M
authors: El-Omar
authors: Bernard
authors: B
authors: Clarke
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Bainbridge
authors: Farzin
authors: F
authors: Fath-Ordoubadi
authors: Douglas G
authors: DG
authors: Fraser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*