title: Assessment of mitral annulus (p3 segment) asymmetric deformity in myocardial infarction with ischemic regurgitation by real time three-dimensional echocardiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The three-dimensional (3D) saddle shape of the mitral annulus (MA) is well characterized in humans, but segmental MA deformity and regurgitation suffered after the ischemic damage of myocardial infarction (MI) is poorly understood. In this study, such changes were assessed in patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) post-MI, using our computerized 3D echo technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient cohort (n = 72) with IMR due to inferior or anterior MI and normal controls (n = 20) were enrolled for 3D MA echo studies. Sequential coordinates of MA were manually measured from each of 18 radial planes, cropped in midsystole, to generate 3D MA images. In addition, six segmental (A1, A2, A3, P1, P2, P3) parameters of MA and global features, such as circumference, area, and height, were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All six segments of MA were significantly dilated in the IMR group compared with corresponding segments of normal controls. Although there were no significant intragroup differences in A1, A2, and A3 segments, a greater degree of P3 segmental MA deformity was observed only in patients following inferior MI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MA dilatation observed in patients with IMR after MI was more pronounced in patients with anterior versus inferior MI. However, P3 segmental dilatation of MA was significantly greater in patients after inferior IM with significant IMR, corresponding with more severe asymmetric MA deformity. (Echocardiography 2012;29:42-50).
authors: Department of Ultrasonography, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: Bin
authors: Cong
authors: C
authors: Zhibin
authors: Ren
authors: R
authors: Weidong
authors: Guo
authors: G
authors: Baosheng
authors: Ma
authors: M
authors: Chunyan
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: Kexin
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Yangjie
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: Xiaojie
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Fan
authors: Guan
authors: G
authors: Xiaomeng
mesh_terms: D003199:Computer Systems; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity