title: Reference equations for the performance of healthy adults on field walking tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop regression equations for predicting six-minute and incremental shuttle walk distances (6MWD and ISWD, respectively), based on demographic characteristics, anthropometric variables, and grip strength.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 6MWD and ISWD in 98 healthy adults. Height, weight, and grip strength were also assessed. Using data from 90 of the participants (40 males; 60 ± 9 years of age), we devised linear equations adjusted for age, gender, height, and weight, and we developed alternate models that included grip strength. We prospectively applied the equations in the 8 remaining participants (4 males; 59 ± 10 years), who had been randomly separated from the initial sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age, gender, height, and weight collectively explained 54.5% and 64.9% of the variance in 6MWD and ISWD, respectively, whereas age, height, weight, and grip strength collectively explained 54.4% and 69.0% of the respective variances. There was no significant difference between the measured and predicted 6MWD using equations with and without grip strength (14 ± 57 vs. 13 ± 67 m). Similar results were observed for ISWD (25 ± 104 vs. 25 ± 93 m).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Grip strength is a determinant of ISWD and 6MWD; however, it could not improve the power of equations adjusted by demographic and anthropometric variables. The validity of our models including grip strength should be further evaluated in patients with skeletal muscle dysfunction.
authors: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brasil. vzdourado@yahoo.com.br
authors: Victor Zuniga
authors: VZ
authors: Dourado
authors: Milena Carlos
authors: MC
authors: Vidotto
authors: Ricardo Luís Fernandes
authors: RL
authors: Guerra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*