title: [High ligation of the spermatic vein and sperm DNA fragmentation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of high ligation of the spermatic vein (HLSV) on DNA fragmentation in varicocele (VC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four VC patients underwent HLSV. Sperm motion indexes and the results of papanicolaou staining and DNA fragmentation detection were analyzed before and 3 months after the operation according to the WHO guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with pre-operation, HLSV achieved a significant increase in the percentage of morphologically normal sperm (P < 0.01), and remarkable decreases in DNA fragmentation, sperm deformity index (SDI) and multiple anomalies index (MAI) (P < 0.01). The patients also showed significant increases in sperm concentration and the percentages of grade b sperm (P < 0.05) and grade a and a + b sperm (P < 0.01) after the operation. The post-operative percentages of sperm DNA fragmentation in those with grades I - III VC were markedly lower (P < 0.01), but showed no significant difference from that in those with subclinical VC (P > 0.05). The percentage of big-halo sperm was significantly increased (P < 0.01), while those of the medium-, small- and non-halo sperm remarkably decreased (P < 0.01) after HLSV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HLSV can effectively improve the sperm quality of VC patients.
authors: Department of Urology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China. huyangyang0577@126.com
authors: Yang-yang
authors: YY
authors: Hu
authors: Li-zhang
authors: LZ
authors: Lin
authors: Cheng-di
authors: CD
authors: Li
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Cai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology; D014646:Varicocele / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery*; D014680:Veins / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult