title: Combined treatment with antioxidants and immunosuppressants on cytokine release by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells - chemically injured keratocyte reaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of antioxidants and immunosuppresants on mixed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) - chemically injured keratocytes reaction (MLKR).
  
  
  METHODS
  The PBMC stimulation assay was performed using chemically injured keratocytes treated with 0.05 N NaOH for 90 s (MLKR). MLKR were treated with various drugs including rapamycin, dexamethasone, mycophenoleic acid (MPA), alpha lipoic acid (ALA), and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). Matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) secretion profiles of activated PBMCs stimulated by NaOH-treated keratocytes were determined by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anti-oxidants as well as immunosuppressants suppressed PBMC proliferation. MMP-9 levels were lower in antioxidants group. IL-6 levels decreased in dexamethasone group and anti-oxidants group. Combination of immunosuppressants and antioxidants suppressed more PBMC proliferation except for rapamycin + ALA group, suppressed MMP-9 production except for MPA + ALA group, decreased IL-6 levels and increased MIF levels except for rapamycin + ALA group. TGF-β1 levels were elevated in rapamycin group and rapamycin + ALA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytokine production was different depending on combination of drugs.Our results suggest that the different drugs should be selected for treatment according to the phases of corneal chemical burn.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kayoung
authors: K
authors: Yi
authors: Tae Young
authors: TY
authors: Chung
authors: Joon Young
authors: JY
authors: Hyon
authors: Jae Woong
authors: JW
authors: Koh
authors: Won Ryang
authors: WR
authors: Wee
authors: Young Joo
authors: YJ
authors: Shin
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D065306:Corneal Injuries; D060527:Corneal Keratocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D008063:Thioctic Acid; D003907:Dexamethasone; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D020123:Sirolimus; D000111:Acetylcysteine