title: [Stimulation therapies for Parkinson's disease: over the past two decades].
abstract: Levodopa has been the mainstay of treatment for Parkinson's disease since the 1960s, but the dyskinesias it induces are a major drawback. High-frequency deep brain stimulation offers a safe, reversible alternative. Targets include the thalamus, pallidum, subthalamic nucleus and, more recently, the pedunculopntine nucleus, which requires low-frequency excitation. The subthalamic nucleus is the preferred target in Parkinson's disease. Other treatments such as gene therapy are in the pipeline.
authors: Académie nationale de médecine, CEA - 38054 Grenoble. alimlouis@aol.com
authors: Alim Louis
authors: AL
authors: Benabid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000502:physiology; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007980:Levodopa