title: Human CD4+CD25(high)CD127 (low/neg) regulatory T cells.
abstract: CD4+CD25(high)CD127(low/neg) regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance and in controlling the development of autoimmune diseases. A combination of surface and intracellular markers, namely, CD25, CD39/CD73, CD62L, CD45RO, CD127, glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR), CTLA-4, and the forkhead/winged helix transcription factor (FOXP3), has been used to characterize Tregs. Tregs suppress T effector responses mainly in a direct cell-cell contact manner. However, other mechanisms independent from this manner cannot be excluded entirely. It has been shown that Tregs can undergo limited expansion in vitro after the stimulation of TCR in the presence of exogenous cytokines, e.g., IL-2. Expanded Tregs retain their suppression function. Human Tregs have demonstrated their great potential to be used as a therapeutic intervention in preventing graft rejection and treating autoimmune diseases. In this chapter, we have given a review on how to characterize, isolate, expand Tregs and assess their suppressive functions.
authors: Department of Liver Transplantation, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors: Haibin
authors: H
authors: Su
authors: Maria Serena
authors: MS
authors: Longhi
authors: Pengyun
authors: P
authors: Wang
authors: Diego
authors: D
authors: Vergani
authors: Yun
authors: Y
authors: Ma
mesh_terms: D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit