title: [Delay the age of procreation, decline in fertility and increased use of assisted reproduction: risk of birth defects].
abstract: In recent years there has been a progressive decline in fertility, originated mainly on women by the aging of ovules and on man through changes in genetic material of sperm due to cumulative environmental factors over time. Infertility treatments and techniques of assisted reproduction, IVF or insemination, consist of, or preceded by ovarian stimulation treatment aimed to obtain a large number of mature ovules in one cycle. This stimulation does not resolve the crucial issue of changing the pattern of chemical modification, parental imprinting, which occurs in the epigenetic process of oogenesis. Ovules induced to mature and / or forced to fertilization, do not to provide a fresh genome to be passed in each generation passes from parents to children. These changes affect the regulation of expression of a gene cluster (known as imprinted genes) during embryonic development of the child, give him a predisposition to rare diseases that originate precisely in the chaos of such genes. Some factors that cause infertility can be traced to early stages of development. Therefore, infertility is already a generational issue. It is therefore necessary to inform and alert to important factors, and ways of life, giving rise to emerging problems.
authors: Dpto. de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular. Universidad de Navarra. natalialm@unav.es
authors: Natalia
authors: N
authors: López Moratalla
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Palacios Ortega
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000209:etiology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000453:epidemiology; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D009865:Oocytes; D006080:Ovarian Follicle; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D043762:Reproductive Behavior; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D012307:Risk Factors