title: Phosphorus removal by laboratory-scale unvegetated vertical-flow constructed wetland systems using anthracite, steel slag and related blends as substrate.
abstract: This research aimed to investigate the phosphorus (P) removal of a series of laboratory-scale unvegetated vertical-flow constructed wetland systems using anthracite, steel slag and related blends as substrate in treatment of low concentration domestic sewage. The long-term performance of P removal was firstly studied by using single substrate of anthracite or steel slag, and three systems applying various combined substrates were investigated when the average P loading rate varied between 0.9 and 1.5 g TP/m2 x d. The results demonstrated that both anthracite and steel slag systems were highly effective in removing total P (CTP, 77.17 +/- 23.34% and 90.26 +/- 4.48%) and soluble reactive P (SRP, 92.14 +/- 12.56% and 96.20 +/- 2.58%). The system filled with anthracite, vermiculite and steel slag from the top down removed 82.45 +/- 9.52% and 87.83 +/- 8.58% of TP and SRP, respectively. However, other combined substrate systems showed comparative low and fluctuant P removal. The effluent pH was maintained at 7-9, which met environmental requirements of China. Therefore, anthracite provides a long-term high efficiency of P removal and may be a promising substrate from the standpoint of the effluent pH, and the arrangement of combined substrate has a prominent effect on P removal.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors: Junmei
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: He
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Xu
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Wang
authors: Xiangling
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Enrong
authors: E
authors: Xiao
authors: Zhenbin
authors: Z
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D003031:Coal; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry*; D013232:Steel; D013997:Time Factors; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D003031:Coal; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D013232:Steel; D010758:Phosphorus