title: Short-term outcome of the second generation characterized chondrocyte implantation for the treatment of cartilage lesions in the knee.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate short-term clinical and MRI outcome of the second generation characterized chondrocyte implantation (CCI) for the treatment of cartilage defects in the knee.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two patients aged 15-51 years with single International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grade III/IV symptomatic cartilage defects of different locations in the knee were treated with CCI using a synthetic collagen I/III membrane to cover the defect. Clinical outcome was measured over 36 months by the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain. Serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 22 patients were scored using the original and modified Magnetic resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients included in this study showed a significant gradual clinical improvement after CCI. The MRI findings of this pilot study were considered to be promising. No signs of deterioration were observed. A complete or hypertrophic filling was observed in 76.5% of the cases at 24 months of follow-up. No preventive effect of an avital membrane on the occurrence of hypertrophic repair tissue was observed on MRI. Three failures were observed among the 32 patients until now (9.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This investigation provided useful information on the efficacy of this treatment. The short-term clinical and MRI outcome are promising. Large-scale and long-term trials are mandatory to confirm the results and the reliability of this procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium. Aad.Dhollander@Ugent.be
authors: A A M
authors: AA
authors: Dhollander
authors: P C M
authors: PC
authors: Verdonk
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Lambrecht
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Verdonk
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Elewaut
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Verbruggen
authors: K F
authors: KF
authors: Almqvist
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology / Q000293:injuries*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000008:administration & dosage; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; D008567:Membranes, Artificial