title: Granulicella arctica sp. nov., Granulicella mallensis sp. nov., Granulicella tundricola sp. nov. and Granulicella sapmiensis sp. nov., novel acidobacteria from tundra soil.
abstract: Four aerobic bacteria, designated MP5ACTX2(T), MP5ACTX8(T), MP5ACTX9(T) and S6CTX5A(T), were isolated from tundra soil of north-western Finland (69° 03' N 20° 50' E). Cells of all isolates were Gram-negative, non-motile rods. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that they belonged to the genus Granulicella of subdivision 1 of the phylum Acidobacteriahttp://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.7918. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the new isolates and the type strains of Granulicella aggregans, Granulicella paludicola, Granulicella pectinivorans and Granulicella rosea ranged from 94 to 99 %. Analysis of the RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoB) gene sequence indicated that the isolates represented novel species of the genus Granulicella (<92 % rpoB sequence similarity between the isolates and members of the genus Granulicella). This was also confirmed by low DNA-DNA relatedness (31 %) between strain S6CTX5A(T) and the type strain of G. pectinivorans, which exhibited 99.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and 91.7 % rpoB gene sequence similarity. The isolates grew at pH 3.5-6.5 and at 4-26 °C. Sugars were the preferred growth substrates. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C(15 : 0), C(16 : 1)ω7c and C(16 : 0) and the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-8. The DNA G+C content was 56-60 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and chemotaxonomic and physiological data, the isolates represent four novel species of the genus Granulicella, for which the names Granulicella arctica MP5ACTX2(T) (= ATCC BAA-1858(T) = DSM 23128(T)), Granulicella mallensis MP5ACTX8(T) (= ATCC BAA-1857(T) = DSM 23137(T)), Granulicella tundricola MP5ACTX9(T) (ATCC BAA-1859(T) = DSM 23138(T)) and Granulicella sapmiensis S6CTX5A(T) (= LMG 26174(T) = DSM 23136(T)) are proposed. An emended description of the genus Granulicella is also presented.
authors: Finnish Forest Research Institute, Eteläranta 55, FI-96300 Rovaniemi, Finland.
authors: Minna K
authors: MK
authors: Männistö
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, 76 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
authors: Suman
authors: S
authors: Rawat
authors: Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
authors: Valentin
authors: V
authors: Starovoytov
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, 76 Lipman Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
authors: Max M
authors: MM
authors: Häggblom
mesh_terms: D061271:Acidobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001110:Arctic Regions; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005387:Finland; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012987:Soil; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; C105078:RNA polymerase beta subunit