title: Daily vitamin supplementation and hypovitaminosis after obesity surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine whether constant daily vitamin supplementation would be sufficient to prevent possible vitamin deficiencies in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on 58 men and women (mean age 41 ± 10 y) who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass RYGB and were assessed preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 mo after surgery. During the postoperative period, the patients received a multivitamin-mineral supplement on a daily basis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum β-carotene and vitamin C were lower starting from the third postoperative month and continued to be low after 12 mo, and vitamin A was decreased by the sixth month and increased by 12 mo. Vitamin B12 levels were stable up to 6 mo but were decreased by 12 mo. Folic acid levels increased from the third month and remained higher throughout follow-up. One year after surgery there were 19% and 21% increases in the number of patients with vitamin A and vitamin C deficiency, respectively, and a 4% decreased of patients with folic acid deficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Weight loss and improvement in patients' general condition followed surgery, but serum levels of some vitamins were decreased despite the use of a vitamin-mineral supplement. These patients need continuous follow-up and individualized prescription of supplementation after the surgical procedure to prevent and treat vitamin deficiencies.
authors: Division of Nutrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Simara Paganini
authors: SP
authors: Donadelli
authors: Márcia Varella Morandi
authors: MV
authors: Junqueira-Franco
authors: Carlos Augusto
authors: CA
authors: de Mattos Donadelli
authors: Wilson
authors: W
authors: Salgado
authors: Reginaldo
authors: R
authors: Ceneviva
authors: Júlio Sérgio
authors: JS
authors: Marchini
authors: José Ernesto
authors: JE
authors: Dos Santos
authors: Carla Barbosa
authors: CB
authors: Nonino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001361:Avitaminosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015995:Prevalence; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins