title: Efficient improved extraction of tomato saponin using shock waves.
abstract: In the conventional method of mixer blending extraction, the yields of the tomato-saponin, esculeoside A, in the mini and middy tomatoes were found to be 0.043% and 0.046%, respectively. In order to improve the yields, we attempted a more efficient extraction using shock waves. The yields of esculeoside A were 0.0987% in air after 1 shock, 0.0792% in air after two shots, 0.0648% in half water after 1 or 2 shocks, and 0.0599% in water after 1 or 2 shocks. The yields obtained by the proposed method were approximately twice those of the conventional mixer blending method; therefore, this method is regarded to be very efficient. Moreover, two spirosolane glycosides, tomatine and lycoperoside A, were obtained for the first time from the ripe tomato fruit in this method. To date, these compounds have not been obtained with the mixer blending method. However, whether these glycosides are produced from esculeoside A or are newly extracted from the plant organ by the shock wave is still unclear.
authors: NDR Co., Ltd., Kumamoto 861–5522, Japan.
authors: Hideyuki
authors: H
authors: Manabe
authors: Ayumi
authors: A
authors: Takemoto
authors: Hiromichi
authors: H
authors: Maehara
authors: Mizuho
authors: M
authors: Ohno
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Murakami
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Itoh
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: Nohara
mesh_terms: D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012502:Sapogenins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014053:Tomatine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D006027:Glycosides; D012502:Sapogenins; D012503:Saponins; C530544:esculeoside A; D014053:Tomatine