title: Botulinum toxin type A and cervical dystonia: a seven-year follow-up.
abstract: Most cases of cervical dystonia (CD) are idiopathic, and focal injections of botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) are the treatment of choice. The objective of our study was to document the effects of long-term BoNT/A treatment in idiopathic CD patients. Fifty-eight patients with idiopathic CD were recruited from March 2001 to May 2002. Twenty-eight of the subjects were available for reassessment after seven years. During this period, all had received regular treatment with BoNT/A injections. Clinical information about patients and the severity of CD (TWSTRS and VAPS) at baseline assessment (2001-2002) and follow-up (2008-2009) was compared. Significant motor improvement was detected based on TWSTRS scale scores, which were used to analyze clinical severity (19.6 ± 6.6 and 17.7 ± 4.8; p<0.05). There was no improvement in the severity of cervical pain (p=0.43). In conclusion, BoNT/A was a safe and effective long-term therapy for CD.
authors: Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba PR, Brazil. 　chcamargo@uol.com.br
authors: Carlos Henrique F
authors: CH
authors: Camargo
authors: Hélio Afonso G
authors: HA
authors: Teive
authors: Nilson
authors: N
authors: Becker
authors: Renato P
authors: RP
authors: Munhoz
authors: Lineu César
authors: LC
authors: Werneck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D014103:Torticollis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A