title: [From alcohol to liquid ecstasy (GHB)--a survey of old and modern knockout agents. Part 1: historic and classic knockout agents].
abstract: Alcohol has been the most important knockout drug in history and literature and continues to play an essential role up to now. Blunt force to the head in the form of a knockout punch is another mechanism leading to a transient loss of consciousness. Diethyl ether and chloroform are among the classical knockout substances. Although they have meanwhile been replaced by modern sedatives and hypnotics, their use is still observed in isolated cases.
authors: Institut für Rechtsmedizin der Universität Giessen.
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Schütz
authors: Malin
authors: M
authors: Jansen
authors: Reinhard
authors: R
authors: Dettmeyer
authors: Marcel A
authors: MA
authors: Verhoff
mesh_terms: D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000266:history*; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000266:history*; D002725:Chloroform / Q000266:history*; D004986:Ether / Q000266:history*; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000266:history*; D008512:Medicine in the Arts; D010151:Paintings / Q000266:history*; D012978:Sodium Oxybate / Q000266:history*; D014474:Unconsciousness / Q000266:history*
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D004986:Ether; D012978:Sodium Oxybate; D002725:Chloroform