title: The effects of Arkansas master settlement spending on disparities in smoking.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the effect of Master Settlement Agreement (MSA) spending on smoking disparities in Arkansas, which distinguished itself from other states by investing all of its MSA funds in health-related programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1996-2009 data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we specified multivariate logistic models to examine gender and racial/ethnic disparities in smoking rates within Arkansas (a pre-post analysis) and between Arkansas and its 6 neighboring states.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before the MSA programs started in 2001, male Arkansans smoked more than did female Arkansans (P < .05). After the programs, smoking declined significantly among men (but not women), eliminating the gender disparity by 2009. Smoking among men in Arkansas also declined more than it did in neighboring states (P < .05). Hispanics showed a greater decline in smoking than did non-Hispanic Whites in Arkansas (but not in neighboring states). In 2001, Hispanic Arkansans smoked more than did non-Hispanic Whites (P < .05); by 2009, Hispanic Arkansans smoked significantly less than did non-Hispanic Whites (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MSA-funded programs were more effective in some segments of the Arkansas population than in others. Policymakers should consider targeting future MSA tobacco control programs to populations most resistant to change.
authors.affiliation: RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. hao_yu@rand.org
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scharf
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engberg
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schultz
mesh_terms: D001131:Arkansas / Q000453:epidemiology; D040343:Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D040361:Healthy People Programs / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
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