title: Anti-tumor activity of all-trans retinoic acid-incorporated glycol chitosan nanoparticles against HuCC-T1 human cholangiocarcinoma cells.
abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate antitumor activity of all-trans retinoic acid (RA)-incorporated glycol chitosan (GC) nanoparticles. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles were prepared by electrostatic interaction between RA and amine group of GC. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles have spherical shape and their particle size was 317 ± 34.5 nm. They were simply reconstituted into aqueous solution without changes of intrinsic properties. RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles were evidently inhibited the proliferation of HuCC-T1 cholangiocarcinoma cells at higher than 20 μg/ml of RA concentration while empty GC vegicles did not affect to the viablity of tumor cells. Apoptosis and necrosis analysis of tumor cells with treatment of RA or RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles also supported these results. Invasion test using Matrigel also showed that invasion of tumor cells was significantly inhibited at higher than 20 μg/ml of RA concentration. Wound healing assay also showed that RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles were inhibited migration of tumor cells as similar to RA itself. Our results suggested that RA-incorporated GC nanoparticles is a promising vehicles for RA delivery to HuCC-T1 cholangiocarcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyu-Don
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Young-Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Chung-Wook
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Do Hyung
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009336:Necrosis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010316:Particle Size; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; C118638:glycol-chitosan; D014212:Tretinoin; D048271:Chitosan