title: GABAergic transmission in temporal lobe epilepsy: the role of neurosteroids.
abstract: Modification of GABAergic inhibition is an intensely investigated hypothesis guiding research into mechanisms underlying temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Seizures can be initiated by blocking γ amino butyric acid type A (GABAA receptors, GABARs), which mediate fast synaptic inhibition in the brain, and controlled by drugs that enhance their function. Derivatives of steroid hormones called neurosteroids are natural substances that physiologically enhance GABAR function and suppress seizures. GABAR structure, function, expression, assembly, and pharmacological properties are changed in the hippocampus of epileptic animals. These alterations render GABARs less sensitive to neurosteroid modulation, which may contribute to seizure susceptibility. Plasticity of GABARs could play a role in periodic exacerbation of seizures experienced by women with epilepsy, commonly referred to as catamenial epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Box 800394, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0394, USA.
authors.forename: Suchitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rajasekaran
authors.forename: Jaideep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kapur
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
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