title: In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of endodontic irrigants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to compare in vitro, by MTT assay, the antimicrobial efficacy of Niclor 5 (5% NaOCl solution), Cloreximid (0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% cetrimide solution), 3% hydrogen peroxide and 17% EDTA against two microorganisms associated with primary endodontic infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans strains were selected for this test. Freshly extracted single-rooted human teeth were endodontically treated, inoculated with bacterial strains and then divided into different groups, each of them rinsed with Niclor 5 (5% NaOCl solution), Cloreximid (0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% cetrimide solution), 3% hydrogen peroxide,17% EDTA and with 5% NaOCl solution (positive control).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Even though all the tested irrigating solutions demonstrated antibacterial effects against E. faecalis and S. mutans, the results were significantly different between the various groups. The greatest antimicrobial effects were observed in groups treated with 5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA. Interestingly, the effectiveness of EDTA could be ascribed to its capability of detaching biofilm from canal walls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagna
authors.forename: Carla Renata
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Arciola
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Florindi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scribante
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saino
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Visai
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poggio
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; C547319:Cloreximid; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D004492:Edetic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002710:Chlorhexidine