title: Identification and genetic characterization of a gibberellin 2-oxidase gene that controls tree stature and reproductive growth in plum.
abstract: Several dwarf plum genotypes (Prunus salicina L.), due to deficiency of unknown gibberellin (GA) signalling, were identified. A cDNA encoding GA 2-oxidase (PslGA2ox), the major gibberellin catabolic enzyme in plants, was cloned and used to screen the GA-deficient hybrids. This resulted in the identification of a dwarf plum hybrid, designated as DGO24, that exhibits a markedly elevated PslGA2ox signal. Grafting 'Early Golden' (EG), a commercial plum cultivar, on DGO24 (EG/D) enhanced PslGA2ox accumulation in the scion part and generated trees of compact stature. Assessment of active GAs in such trees revealed that DGO24 and EG/D accumulated relatively much lower quantities of main bioactive GAs (GA(1) and GA(4)) than control trees (EG/M). Moreover, the physiological function of PslGA2ox was studied by determining the molecular and developmental consequences due to ectopic expression in Arabidopsis. Among several lines, two groups of homozygous transgenics that exhibited contrasting phenotypes were identified. Group-1 displayed a dwarf growth pattern typical of mutants with a GA deficiency including smaller leaves, shorter stems, and delay in the development of reproductive events. In contrast, Group-2 exhibited a 'GA overdose' phenotype as all the plants showed elongated growth, a typical response to GA application, even under limited GA conditions, potentially due to co-suppression of closely related Arabidopsis homologous. The studies reveal the possibility of utilizing PslGA2ox as a marker for developing size-controlling rootstocks in Prunus.
authors.affiliation: University of Guelph, Department of Plant Agriculture. 4890 Victoria Av. N., PO Box 7000 Vineland Station, ON, L0R 2E0 Canada.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El-Sharkawy
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: El Kayal
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prasath
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouzayen
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Svircev
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jayasankar
mesh_terms: D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D027861:Prunus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C121463:gibberellin 2-dioxygenase
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