title: Noninvasive assessment of localized inflammatory responses.
abstract: Inflammatory diseases are associated with the accumulation of activated inflammatory cells, particularly polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), which release reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eradicate foreign bodies and microorganisms. To assess the location and extent of localized inflammatory responses, L-012, a highly sensitive chemiluminescent probe, was employed to noninvasively monitor the production of ROS. We found that L-012-associated chemiluminescence imaging can be used to identify and to quantify the extent of inflammatory responses. Furthermore, regardless of differences among animal models, there is a good linear relationship between chemiluminescence intensity and PMN numbers surrounding inflamed tissue. Depletion of PMNs substantially diminished L-012-associated chemiluminescence in vivo. Finally, L-012-associated chemiluminescence imaging was found to be a powerful tool for assessing implant-mediated inflammatory responses by measuring chemiluminescence intensity at the implantation sites. These results support the use of L-012 for monitoring the kinetics of inflammatory responses in vivo via the detection and quantification of ROS production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yi-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008165:Luminol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000032:analysis; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015335:Molecular Probes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C081614:L 012; D008165:Luminol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide
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