title: Microfluidic DNA fragmentation for on-chip genomic analysis.
abstract: We report a high-throughput clog-free microfluidic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation chip that is based on hydrodynamic shearing. Salmon sperm DNA has been reproducibly fragmented down to ∼ 5k bp  fragment lengths by applying low hydraulic pressures (≤1 bar) across micromachined constrictions positioned in larger microfluidic channels that create point-sink flow with large velocity gradients near the constriction entrance. Long constrictions (100 µm) produce shorter fragment lengths compared to shorter constrictions (10 µm), while increasing the hydrodynamic pressure requirement. Sample recirculation (10 ×) in short constrictions reduces the mean fragment length and fragment length variation, and improves yield compared to single-pass experiments without increasing the hydrodynamic pressure.
authors.affiliation: BIOS/Lab-on-Chip Group, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Lingling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shui
authors.forename: Johan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bomer
authors.forename: Mingliang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Edwin T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Carlen
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van den Berg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D023281:Genomics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012474:Salmon
chemical_list: D004247:DNA