title: Outcomes of surgical repair of double-chambered right ventricle.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We reviewed our experience with surgical repair of double-chambered right ventricle and long-term outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  From November 1970 to February 2008, repair of double-chambered right ventricle was performed in 61 patients (31 males). The median age was 13 years (interquartile range, 2 months to 64 years); 10 patients were infants (16%). Mean preoperative right ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient was 67±37 mm Hg. An associated ventricular septal defect was present in 50 patients (82%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 2 (3%) early deaths due to persistence of low cardiac output postoperatively, despite complete relief of the right ventricular gradient. The overall mean postoperative gradient was 2±4.5 mm Hg. Late follow-up was complete in 92% (mean, 7.4±7.9 years; maximum, 37 years). Late survival was 90% at 10 years. There were 3 late deaths due to heart failure in 2 patients and sudden death in 1 patient, all occurring before 1997. No patients required reoperation for residual or recurrent right ventricular obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical correction of double-chambered right ventricle results in excellent functional and hemodynamic long-term results, with complete relief of the right ventricular obstruction. The presence of a double-chambered right ventricle should be considered in anomalies with high or persistent right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
authors.forename: Sameh M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: Harold M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Burkhart
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dearani
authors.forename: Patrick W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: Naser M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ammash
authors.forename: Hartzell V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Schaff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult