title: National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease: a practical approach.
abstract: We present a practical guide for the implementation of recently revised National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Major revisions from previous consensus criteria are: (1) recognition that AD neuropathologic changes may occur in the apparent absence of cognitive impairment, (2) an "ABC" score for AD neuropathologic change that incorporates histopathologic assessments of amyloid β deposits (A), staging of neurofibrillary tangles (B), and scoring of neuritic plaques (C), and (3) more detailed approaches for assessing commonly co-morbid conditions such as Lewy body disease, vascular brain injury, hippocampal sclerosis, and TAR DNA binding protein (TDP)-43 immunoreactive inclusions. Recommendations also are made for the minimum sampling of brain, preferred staining methods with acceptable alternatives, reporting of results, and clinico-pathologic correlations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Box 359791, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. tmontine@uw.edu
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Montine
authors.forename: Creighton H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Beach
authors.forename: Eileen H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Bigio
authors.forename: Nigel J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cairns
authors.forename: Dennis W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dickson
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duyckaerts
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Frosch
authors.forename: Eliezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Masliah
authors.forename: Suzanne S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mirra
authors.forename: Peter T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Dietmar Rudolf
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Thal
authors.forename: John Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Trojanowski
authors.forename: Harry V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Vinters
authors.forename: Bradley T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Hyman
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D020214:Cerebrovascular Trauma / Q000145:classification; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D020961:Lewy Body Disease / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D054561:National Institute on Aging (U.S.); D012598:Sclerosis / Q000145:classification; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins
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