title: Urinary bisphenol A (BPA) concentration associates with obesity and insulin resistance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the world's highest-volume chemicals in use today. Previous studies have suggested BPA disturbs body weight regulation and promotes obesity and insulin resistance. But epidemiological data in humans were limited.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to determine whether BPA associates with obesity and insulin resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study included 3390 adults aged 40 yr or older, in Songnan Community, Baoshan District, Shanghai, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire, clinical and biochemical measurements, and urinary BPA concentration were determined. Generalized overweight was defined as body mass index (BMI) of 24 to less than 28 kg/m(2) and obesity was defined as BMI of 28 kg/m(2) or higher. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference at least 90 cm for men and at least 85 cm for women. Insulin resistance was defined as the index of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance higher than 2.50.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participants in the highest quartile of BPA had the highest prevalence of generalized obesity [odds ratio (OR) = 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15-1.97], abdominal obesity (OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.03-1.60), and insulin resistance (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.06-1.77). In participants with BMI under 24 kg/m(2), compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of BPA increased the prevalence of insulin resistance by 94% (OR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.20-3.14), but this association was not observed in those with BMI of 24 kg/m(2) or higher.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPA was positively associated with generalized obesity, abdominal obesity, and insulin resistance in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Ministry of Health, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Tiange
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jieli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Weiqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaoying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yufang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Shenghan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine*; D015995:Prevalence; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds