title: [Prediction and prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus: initial results and recent prospects].
abstract: Epidemiological studies indicate that the incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus is rising worldwide. The increase in incidence has been most prominent in the youngest age group of childhood. Prediction of type 1a autoimmune diabetes can be established by a positive family history or by genetic, immunological or metabolic markers. Prevention of type 1 diabetes can be implemented at three different levels of pathogenesis: primary prevention in individuals without any sign of beta-cell damage, secondary prevention in individuals with signs of beta-cell destruction and tertiary prevention in patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. In recent years our knowledge of the disease pathogenesis has grown quickly, and several new prevention trials have been initiated worldwide. Immunologic intervention for type 1 diabetes will prove to be probably the most effective.
authors.affiliation: Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar I. Gyermekgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Bókay. mad@gyer1.sote.hu
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Madácsy
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014943:Global Health; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015994:Incidence; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009525:Niacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015995:Prevalence; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D055502:Secondary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D055512:Tertiary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007328:Insulin; D014807:Vitamin D; D009525:Niacin