title: Effects of smoking cessation on central blood pressure and arterial stiffness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Smoking affects arterial stiffness, thus causing an elevation in central blood pressure (CBP). The present study was designed to examine whether smoking cessation treatment improved CBP and arterial stiffness.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an observational study of 70 patients receiving smoking cessation treatment. Before and 60 weeks after the start of a 12-week varenicline treatment, we measured brachial blood pressure, CBP, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), normalized radial augmentation index (rAIx@75), left ventricular weight, and left ventricular diastolic function of each patient. The data were compared between the patients who succeeded in quitting smoking (smoking cessation group; n = 37) and those who failed to quit smoking (smoking group; n = 33).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. Brachial blood pressure remained unchanged in both groups. CBP, baPWV, and rAIx@75 decreased significantly in the smoking cessation group, while these parameters showed no significant change in the smoking group. Thus, CBP, baPWV, and rAIx@75 showed greater decrease in the smoking cessation group than in the smoking group (CBP, -7.1 ± 1.4 mmHg vs 1.2 ± 2.7 mmHg; P < 0.01; baPWV, -204 ± 64 cm/s vs -43 ± 72 cm/s; P < 0.01; rAIx@75, -6.4 ± 2.8% vs -1.0 ± 3.9%; P < 0.01). Left ventricular weight and left ventricular diastolic function remained unchanged in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients in the smoking cessation group showed significant improvement in CBP, baPWV, and rAIx@75. These results indicate that smoking cessation can improve arterial stiffness and CBP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic Jingumae, Kashihara, Nara, Japan. takami66@m5.kcn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takami
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003187:Compliance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000068580:Varenicline; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D011810:Quinoxalines; D000068580:Varenicline
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