title: Ultrasound mediated localized drug delivery.
abstract: Chemotherapy is one of the frontline treatments for cancer patients, but the toxic side effects limit its effectiveness and potential. The goal of drug delivery is to reduce these side effects by encapsulating the drugs in a carrier which prevents release and can circulate throughout the body causing minimal damage to the healthy tissue. Slow release carriers have been developed which reduce the exposure to healthy tissue but this slow release also limits the maximum levels of drug in the tumor and nonspecific accumulation in healthy tissue remains a major hurdle. The next advance is to design these carriers to produce a rapid burst release of drug, but only in response to a localized trigger. The trigger of choice is low intensity focused ultrasound. A new particle is described here which incorporates an ultrasound sensitive microbubble of perfluorocarbon gas within a protective liposome carrier along with the payload. It is shown that this design can accomplish the desired burst release when exposed to ultrasound focused to small spatial locations within tissue phantoms. The ability to trigger release could provide a second level of spatial and temporal control beyond biochemical targeting or passive accumulation, making these promising particles for further development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093-0815, USA. sibsen@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibsen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benchimol
authors.forename: Dmitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Simberg
authors.forename: Sadik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Esener
mesh_terms: D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004355:Drug Stability; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D045423:Microbubbles; D008954:Models, Biological; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes