title: Placebo-controlled study of the effects of fingolimod on cardiac rate and rhythm and pulmonary function in healthy volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fingolimod (FTY720) is a sphingosine-1 phosphate-receptor (S1PR) modulator recently approved as a once-daily oral therapy for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) in many countries. As S1PRs are widely expressed, including in heart and lung tissues, this study investigated the possible effects of fingolimod on heart-rate circadian rhythm and pulmonary function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy volunteers (n = 39) were randomized to receive fingolimod 0.5 mg, 1.25 mg, or placebo for 14 days. Heart rate and measures of cardiac and pulmonary function were assessed during the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean heart rate for the first 12 h postdose was lower for both fingolimod than for placebo groups (p < 0.001) and remained 10-15 bpm lower than placebo until day 14 (p < 0.05). Heart rate circadian rhythm, cardiac output, stroke volume, and systemic vascular resistance were similar among treatment groups throughout the study. There was no evidence of an effect of fingolimod on pulmonary function. Absolute lymphocyte counts decreased by approximately 70% from baseline in both fingolimod groups (day 14) and began to increase within 14 days of stopping treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In healthy volunteers treated for 14 days, once-daily fingolimod doses of 0.5 mg and 1.25 mg had no effect on cardiac or pulmonary function beyond a transient decrease in heart rate at treatment initiation.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA. robert.schmouder@novartis.com
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schmouder
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hariry
authors.forename: Olivier J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: David
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D013110:Sphingosine
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