title: Delineating chromosomal breakpoints in radiation-induced papillary thyroid cancer.
abstract: Recurrent translocations are well known hallmarks of many human solid tumors and hematological disorders, where patient- and breakpoint-specific information may facilitate prognostication and individualized therapy. In thyroid carcinomas, the proto-oncogenes RET and NTRK1 are often found to be activated through chromosomal rearrangements. However, many sporadic tumors and papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) arising in patients with a history of exposure to elevated levels of ionizing irradiation do not carry these known abnormalities. We developed a rapid scheme to screen tumor cell metaphase spreads and identify candidate genes of tumorigenesis and neoplastic progression for subsequent functional studies. Using a series of overnight fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments with pools comprised of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, it now becomes possible to rapidly refine breakpoint maps and, within one week, progress from the low resolution Spectral Karyotyping (SKY) maps or Giemsa-banding (G-banding) karyotypes to fully integrated, high resolution physical maps including a list of candiate genes in the critical regions.
authors.affiliation: Life Sciences Division, E.O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Heinz-Ulrich G
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Weier
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Johnson
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smida
authors.forename: Jingly F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Weier
authors.forename: Ludwig
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hieber
authors.forename: Chun-Mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Haig J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kassabian
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Brien
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