title: Psychiatric comorbidity and treatment response in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Behavioral and psychiatric comorbidity are common in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), but information regarding psychopharmacologic management is lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed clinical records of patients evaluated over a 20-month period at a large, quaternary referral center specializing in the comprehensive management of patients with TSC. Data were collected regarding psychiatric diagnoses, psychopharmacologic medications used to treat these disorders, and clinical response to treatment at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 113 encounters by 62 pediatric and adult patients with TSC, which were included in the present analysis. Behavioral and anxiety disorders were most prevalent, as were autism spectrum disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Antipsychotics, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants with mood-stabilizing properties were the most often prescribed psychoactive medications and were associated with an overall improvement or stabilization of psychiatric symptoms 65% of the time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychiatric comorbidity, especially behavioral disorders, is very common among patients with TSC. Pharmacologic treatment can be very effective and should be considered for optimal disease management in affected individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Cheryl J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fiser
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Agricola
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tudor
authors.forename: David Neal
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.forename: Darcy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Krueger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs