title: Ultrasonographic evaluation of vincristine-induced gastric hypomotility and the prokinetic effect of mosapride in dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vincristine induces gastrointestinal motility disorders in humans. Adverse gastrointestinal events are commonly observed in dogs receiving vincristine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate gastric motility after vincristine administration in dogs and the prophylactic effect of a prokinetic agent, mosapride.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five healthy Beagle dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five dogs received vincristine i.v. at a dosage of 0.75 mg/m(2). The motility index (MI) of the antral contraction was ultrasonographically evaluated 30 minutes postfeeding before administration of vincristine and for 6 days after vincristine treatment. After a 6-week washout period, the dogs received vincristine with mosapride (2 mg/kg p.o., q24h for 6 days), and the MI was re-evaluated. Adverse gastrointestinal events were evaluated according to the Veterinary Co-operative Group Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (VCOG-CTCAE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After vincristine administration, a significant decrease (P < .05) in MI was observed on days 3 (6.64 ± 0.30) and 4 (8.02 ± 0.94), compared with pretreatment levels (10.00 ± 0.62). Gastrointestinal adverse events were observed in 4 dogs (grade 2 decreased appetite: 3 dogs; grade 1 vomiting: 2 dogs; and grade 1 diarrhea and grade 2 hematochezia: 1 dog). When mosapride citrate was administered with vincristine and for the next 5 days, no decrease in MI was observed. Furthermore, adverse gastrointestinal events occurred less frequently (grade 1 vomiting and grade 2 hematochezia in 1 dog each).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vincristine (0.75 mg/m(2)) induces gastric hypomotility in dogs. Preventive administration of mosapride citrate (2.0 mg/kg p.o., q24h) improves hypomotility and may decrease the adverse gastrointestinal effects of vincristine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukagoshi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004285:Dogs; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009025:Morpholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D009025:Morpholines; D014750:Vincristine; C062720:mosapride