title: Nebulized live-attenuated influenza vaccine provides protection in ferrets at a reduced dose.
abstract: Live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is delivered to vaccine recipients using a nasal spray syringe. LAIV delivered by this method is immunogenic at current doses; however, improvements in nasal delivery might allow for significant dose reduction. We investigated LAIV vaccination in ferrets using a high efficiency nebulizer designed for nasal delivery. LAIV nasal aerosol elicited high levels of serum neutralizing antibodies and protected ferrets from homologous virus challenge at conventional (10(7)TCID(50)) and significantly reduced (10(3)TCID(50)) doses. Aerosol LAIV also provided a significant level of subtype-specific cross-protection. These results demonstrate the dose-sparing potential of nebulizer-based nasal aerosol LAIV delivery.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
authors.forename: Jennifer Humberd
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papania
authors.forename: Darin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Knaus
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Raydel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mair
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: S Mark
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tompkins
authors.forename: Ralph A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tripp
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D056738:Cross Protection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005289:Ferrets; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines
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