title: [Blood pressure variability in 24 hours in obese and non-obese adolescents with breast development 4 and 5 of Tanner's criteria].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate the blood pressure variability during 24 h by using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in a group of obese and non-obese female adolescents with breast development status 4 and 5 of Tanner´s criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Mexico. All subjects underwent 24 h non-invasive ABPM recording device. Pubertal status was determined by breast development.
  
  
  METHODS
  office systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR). Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, arm circumference, waist to hip ratio (W/H), and skinfold thickness measurements: triceps, subscapular, abdominal and supraspinal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine adolescents 13-16 years old; 29 obese (BMI 31.2±4.0), and 30 non- obese (BMI 21.2±2.2). Obese vs. non-obese: Office SBP 116.9 vs. 105.9±9.3 mmHg (p<0.001); ABPM in 24 h: SBP 113.8±6.3 vs. 107.6±5.7 mmHg (p<0.001); diurnal SBP 117.3 mmHg vs. 111.2 mmHg (p<0.001); nocturnal SBP 105.5±8 vs. 99.4 mmHg; absolute variability in 24 h DBP 10.0±1.8 vs. 8.7±1.5 (p<0.003); coefficient of variation 24 h DBP 17.3±3 vs. 15.4±2.6% (p<0.05); systolic non-dipper 16 (55.2%) vs. 9 (30%) (p<0.05); pulse pressure 24 h 49.3±8 vs. 43.5±9 mmHg (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obese adolescents are presenting changes in BP variability during 24-h in comparison with nonobese adolescents; it also includes higher pulse pressure. Thus, these can be early indicators for the development of hypertension or other cardiovascular diseases in the adult life.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigación Cardiovascular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico. ibonilla@uoguelph.ca
authors.forename: I C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Bonilla Rosales
authors.forename: J Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Parra Carrillo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Romero Velarde
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vizmanos Lamotte
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García de Alba García
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D001940:Breast / Q000254:growth & development*; D002648:Child; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011627:Puberty / Q000502:physiology*; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000502:physiology; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio