title: Effects of the commercial formulation containing fipronil on the non-target organism Cyprinus carpio: implications for rice-fish cultivation.
abstract: The aim of this research was to evaluate possible toxic effects of commercial formulation containing fipronil on Cyprinus carpio tissues under rice field conditions. Antioxidant profile (SOD, catalase, glutathione S-transferase), oxidative stress parameters (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, protein carbonyl), and growth were investigated in carp exposed to fipronil under rice field conditions for 7, 30, and 90 days. Waterborne insecticide concentrations were measured and the detectable concentration of fipronil was observed up to 45 day after application. Common carp survival and growth was not affected by fipronil. Liver superoxide dismutase activity was enhanced while liver catalase activity was inhibited at 7, 30, and 90 days. Alterations were not observed in the glutathione S-transferase activity in any experimental periods. Protein carbonyl increased only after 30 and 90 days of exposure. The thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels were enhanced in all analyzed tissues (liver, muscle, and brain) and periods of exposure. This study demonstrates that fipronil insecticides cause alterations in the biochemical parameters in different tissues of carp without affecting the growth or the survival of the fish.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bioquímica Adaptativa e de Fisiologia de Peixes, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bárbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clasen
authors.forename: Vania Lucia
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Loro
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cattaneo
authors.forename: Bibiana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Thais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lópes
authors.forename: Luis Antonio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Avila
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zanella
authors.forename: Geovane Boschmann
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Reimche
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baldisserotto
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009990:Oryzias; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007306:Insecticides; D011720:Pyrazoles; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; C082360:fipronil