title: Ex vivo models for training in endourology: construction of the model and simulation of training procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Training in endourology by ex vivo models is an effective tool for unskilled urologists to get qualification. Urologists have different kinds of training models at urological conferences, but, in order to get skilled, they need models available at their own department.
  
  
  METHODS
  The article describes how to build an ex vivo porcine model to train on the main endourological procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Questionnaires filled by the trainers attending the courses at our department, over the last three years, have proved the high degree of satisfaction about this kind of training system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Validation studies about these models still lack. The growing interest about them requires randomized controlled validation studies in the future, including large numbers of participants.
authors.affiliation: S.C. di Urologia-Ospedale San Bassiano, Viale dei Lotti 40, Bassano del Grappa, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celia
authors.forename: Guglielmo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeccolini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000193:education*; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D023421:Models, Animal; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery / Q000193:education*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D034421:Sus scrofa; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000193:education*; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000601:surgery*; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D014572:Urology / Q000193:education* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends