title: [The causes and preventive methods of misdiagnosis on wrist scaphoid bone fracture].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively analysis the curative effect of wrist scaphoid bone fracture,and explore the causes and preventive methods of misdiagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 2007 to September 2010,16 patients with wrist scaphoid bone fractures were treated with plaster cast and cannulated screws fixation. There were 10 males and 6 females,ranging in age from 26 to 44 years with an average of 35 years. Among them, 12 cases manifested swelling pain of radial lateral wrist, tenderness at snuffbox area, wrist pain aggravated when stretching wrist joint, thumb or forefinger; 4 cases manifested no obviously symptoms and limited movement; 9 cases were early diagnosed; 5 cases were treated by plaster cast; 4 cases were treated with cannulated screws fixation; Among 7 cases with misdiagnosis, there were 4 cases without obvious symptoms and they were dealt with activating blood to dissipate swelling and pain process in preliminary stage. Four cases were treated with plaster cast and 3 cases with cannulated screws fixation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the patients were followed up from 3 months to 39 months (averaged 21 months). Among 16 patients, 9 cases were early diagnosis, 7 cases were misdiagnosis and the rate of misdiagnosis was 43.8%. Seven cases with screws fixation were no wound infection. There was 1 case with occurred chronic pain and declining wrist mobility in both plaster cast and screw group, and both of them were misdiagnosed. According to curative effect rating criteria,these 2 cases were classified into moderate, other 14 cases were excellent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wrist scaphoid bone fracture are easy to misdiagnose, so early diagnosis and treatment is particularly important. The main causes of misdiagnosis are nonspecific symptoms at early stage, combination with other injuries, lack of knowledge and ignorance of the further examination. Therefore, detailed inquiries and particular examination, multi-dimensional radiography and CT scan or MRI scan are the main measures for prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatic Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China. scarmonker@163.com
authors.forename: Mang-mang
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiu-yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Yue-ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhe-fei
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.forename: Li-peng
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jun-ju
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001863:Bone Screws; D002370:Casts, Surgical; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D021361:Scaphoid Bone / Q000293:injuries*