title: Murid herpesvirus-4 exploits dendritic cells to infect B cells.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in initiating immune responses. Some persistent viruses infect DCs and can disrupt their functions in vitro. However, these viruses remain strongly immunogenic in vivo. Thus what role DC infection plays in the pathogenesis of persistent infections is unclear. Here we show that a persistent, B cell-tropic gamma-herpesvirus, Murid Herpesvirus-4 (MuHV-4), infects DCs early after host entry, before it establishes a substantial infection of B cells. DC-specific virus marking by cre-lox recombination revealed that a significant fraction of the virus latent in B cells had passed through a DC, and a virus attenuated for replication in DCs was impaired in B cell colonization. In vitro MuHV-4 dramatically altered the DC cytoskeleton, suggesting that it manipulates DC migration and shape in order to spread. MuHV-4 therefore uses DCs to colonize B cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.forename: Janet S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Soumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sukla
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frederico
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Gabrielle T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Belz
authors.forename: Philip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Stevenson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019426:Integrases; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018144:Rhadinovirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; C045073:Cre recombinase; D019426:Integrases
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