title: Whipple limbic encephalitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a relapse of Whipple disease revealed by isolated limbic encephalitis with no other signs of systemic involvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. Patient  A 41-year-old patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cognitive functions and results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis and brain magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 41-year-old patient was hospitalized for headache associated with anterograde amnesia and temporospatial disorientation. Whipple disease with systemic manifestations was diagnosed 4 years previously and insufficiently treated. The neuropsychological evaluation showed impaired episodic memory and executive functions. Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid showed increased lymphocytes and a positive Tropheryma whipplei polymerase chain reaction result. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging revealed a typical pattern of limbic encephalitis with an intense signal in the amygdalae and hippocampi. The outcome under antibiotic treatment was marked by partial improvement of the cognitive disorders, disappearance of the positive T whipplei polymerase chain reaction result in cerebrospinal fluid, and a clear decrease of inflammation on brain magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whipple disease can present as limbic encephalitis. Few cases have been previously described in the literature. Such diagnosis is of importance because of the specific treatment.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology Service and CMRR-Memory Resource and Research Centre, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blanc
authors.forename: Kaouther
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ben Abdelghani
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schramm
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jaulhac
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chatelus
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sordet
authors.forename: Jacques-Eric
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gottenberg
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sibilia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D020363:Limbic Encephalitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008061:Whipple Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*