title: Maplexins, new α-glucosidase inhibitors from red maple (Acer rubrum) stems.
abstract: Thirteen gallic acid derivatives including five new gallotannins, named maplexins A-E, were isolated from red maple (Acer rubrum) stems. The compounds were identified by spectral analyses. The maplexins varied in number and location of galloyl groups attached to 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol. The isolates were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Maplexin E, the first compound identified with three galloyl groups linked to three different positions of 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol, was 20 fold more potent than the α-glucosidase inhibitory drug, Acarbose (IC(50)=8 vs 160 μM). Structure-activity related studies suggested that both number and position of galloyls attached to 1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol were important for α-glucosidase inhibition.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Chunpeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Liya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Vamsikrishna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kandhi
authors.forename: Nadja B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Cech
authors.forename: Mingyong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Navindra P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Seeram
mesh_terms: D020909:Acarbose / Q000737:chemistry; D031002:Acer / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D015195:Drug Design; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018547:Plant Stems; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014197:Trees; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013634:Tannins; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D020909:Acarbose