title: [Maxillary sinus septa. Prevalence and anatomy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Maxillary sinus septa may complicate sinus elevation procedures, especially when they are not diagnosed prior to surgery. The authors had for aim to review published data, to analyze the etiology, the prevalence, the localization, and the size of maxillary sinus septa, and to determine what were the best preoperative radiological examinations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Medline search was made with keywords such as "maxillary sinus anatomy, maxillary sinus augmentation, maxillary sinus septa, sinus graft/complications, dental implants". The search was limited to studies published in English from 1980 to January 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two articles were analyzed. The prevalence of maxillary sinus septa ranged between 14.3% and 33.3%. There was no specific geographic distribution within the sinuses. The mean heights of septa ranged between 2.8 and 8.1 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is recommended to systematically use preoperative CT or CBCT scan imaging because of the prevalence, the variable anatomy, and the bad contribution of conventional X-rays.
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Milano, Dipartimento di Tecnologie per la Salute, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi,4, 20161 Milano, Italie.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rosano
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Gaudy
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chaumanet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Fabbro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taschieri
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008439:Maxillary Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed