title: A plant virus movement protein regulates the Gcn2p kinase in budding yeast.
abstract: Virus life cycle heavily depends on their ability to command the host machinery in order to translate their genomes. Animal viruses have been shown to interfere with host translation machinery by expressing viral proteins that either maintain or inhibit eIF2α function by phosphorylation. However, this interference mechanism has not been described for any plant virus yet. Prunnus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is a serious pathogen of cultivated stone fruit trees. The movement protein (MP) of PNRSV is necessary for the cell-to-cell movement of the virus. By using a yeast-based approach we have found that over-expression of the PNRSV MP caused a severe growth defect in yeast cells. cDNA microarrays analysis carried out to characterise at the molecular level the growth interference phenotype reported the induction of genes related to amino acid deprivation suggesting that expression of MP activates the GCN pathway in yeast cells. Accordingly, PNRSV MP triggered activation of the Gcn2p kinase, as judged by increased eIF2α phosphorylation. Activation of Gcn2p by MP expression required a functional Tor1p kinase, since rapamycin treatment alleviated the yeast cell growth defect and blocked eIF2α phosphorylation triggered by MP expression. Overall, these findings uncover a previously uncharacterised function for PNRSV MP viral protein, and point out at Tor1p and Gcn2p kinases as candidate susceptibility factors for plant viral infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stress Biology, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aparicio
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aparicio-Sanchis
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gadea
authors.forename: Jesús Ángel
authors.initials: JÁ
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Navarro
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pallás
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Murguía
mesh_terms: D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000821:virology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C512912:GCN2 protein, S cerevisiae; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
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