title: Perinatal outcomes and congenital abnormalities in the newborns of women affected by the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Beijing, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the pregnancy complications, perinatal outcomes, and congenital abnormalities (CAs) that occurred in Beijing, China, when pregnant women became infected with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (H1N1 pdm).
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnancy complications, perinatal outcomes, and CAs were compared among 3 groups of pregnant women. The 23 women in group 1 were confirmed to harbor viral RNA; the 23 in group 2 had serum levels of virus-specific antibodies against H1N1 pdm, meaning that they were suspected of being infected with the virus; and the 93 in group 3 had no detectable virus-specific antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perinatal outcomes and pregnancy complications were not significantly different in groups 1 and 3. Higher percentages of stillbirths (12.0%) and placental disorders (13.0%) were observed in group 2 than in group 3. Many women in group 2 (62.5%) experienced symptoms of having a cold during pregnancy and most took no medication. Two cases of CA occurred in group 1, in the offspring of women infected in the second trimester.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When left untreated, infection with the 2009 H1N1 pdm virus during pregnancy appears to have increased fetal mortality and morbidity. Because CAs are traumatic for all concerned, their possible association with the virus should be further evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nosocomial Infection Management and Disease Control, Institute of Hospital Management, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Mei
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Ji-Jiang
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Suo
authors.forename: Yu-Bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Pan-He
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hong-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Jiu-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Chun-Yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Shi-Wang
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Yun-Xi
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral