title: Cellular therapies supplement: the role of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and dendritic cells in regulatory T-cell homeostasis and expansion.
abstract: Regulatory T cells are a subset of T cells with inhibitory function that are critical for protection against autoimmunity and immunopathology. A failure to maintain adequate regulatory T-cell numbers in the periphery results in autoimmune manifestations, highlighting the importance of the continuous maintenance of peripheral regulatory T cells. The cellular and molecular requirements for regulatory T-cell homeostasis and expansion are not fully understood but involve a complex interplay among dendritic cells, conventional T cells, and regulatory T cells. In addition, soluble factors such as the cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor may play a role in enhancing these interactions. In this review, we discuss our National Blood Foundation-funded studies relating to the role of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and dendritic cells in controlling regulatory T-cell homeostasis and expansion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.forename: Priti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ojha
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kambayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology; D002450:Cell Communication; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D006648:Histocompatibility; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000819:agonists
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
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