title: Urine nitrification and sewer discharge to realize in-sewer denitrification to simplify sewage treatment in Hong Kong.
abstract: The chemically enhanced primary treatment works in Hong Kong will be upgraded for biological nitrogen removal. This study proposed a novel approach to waive the upgrading by urine source-separation, onsite nitrification and discharge of nitrified urine into sewers to achieve in-sewer denitrification. Human urine was collected and a lab-scale experiment for full urine nitrification was conducted. The results showed that full nitrification was achieved with alkaline addition. Simulation of nitrified urine discharge into an 8-km pressure main in Hong Kong was conducted with a quasi-2D dynamic sewer model developed from a previously calibrated sewer biofilm model. It was assumed that 70% of the residents' urine was collected and fully nitrified on-site. The simulation results revealed that the proposed approach is effective in removal of nitrogen within the sewer, which decreases ammonia-N at the sewer outlet to a level required for secondary effluent discharge in Hong Kong.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M C M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: van Loosdrecht
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D058465:Nitrification; D012722:Sewage; D016482:Urinalysis; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage