title: Aminated β-1,3-D-glucan has a dose-dependent effect on wound healing in diabetic db/db mice.
abstract: Inflammatory responses are common in diabetes and are operative in angiopathy, neuropathy, and wound healing. There are indications of incomplete macrophage activation in diabetes and reduced expression of growth factors. We have previously found that up to 15 topical applications of the macrophage-stimulant, aminated β-1,3-D-glucan (AG), improved wound healing in db/db mice. The present open-label study was undertaken to examine dose-dependent effects of AG over 40 days in db/db mice. AG was given as a single dose (group 1), one dose every 10th day (group 2), five initial doses on consecutive days (group 3), and ≥15 doses (group 4). Controls were db/db mice receiving platelet-derived growth factor + insulin-like growth factor-1 (group 5), topical placebo (NaCl 9 mg/mL) and insulin (group 6), placebo (group 7), and a nondiabetic group receiving placebo (group 8). Seven to 14 animals were allocated to each group. Percentage wound closure 17 days after surgery in groups 1 and 2 were (mean ± standard error of the mean) 25.5 ± 5.3 and 32.2 ± 6.3, respectively. Corresponding closure in groups 3, 4, and 5 was 55.7 ± 5.0, 57.3 ± 5.0, and 55.6 ± 4.8, respectively (p < 0.05 vs. groups 1 and 2). Groups 6, 7, and 8 closed 32.0 ± 4.5, 38.2 ± 5.3, and 98.5 ± 0.4%, respectively. Significant association between the number of AG-dosages and wound closure indicates dose-related effects in db/db mice.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. margrete.berdal@uit.no
authors.forename: Margrete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berdal
authors.forename: Hege I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Appelbom
authors.forename: Jorunn H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Eikrem
authors.forename: Ase
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Lill-Tove
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Busund
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hanes
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seljelid
authors.forename: Trond
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jenssen
mesh_terms: D000586:Amination; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006097:Granulation Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011509:Proteoglycans; D047071:beta-Glucans; C010770:polysaccharide-K; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I