title: Probiotics can induce follicle maturational competence: the Danio rerio case.
abstract: In the present study, the effects of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus IMC 501 on the acquisition of oocyte maturational competence was examined in zebrafish (Danio rerio). L. rhamnosus administration induced the responsiveness of incompetent follicles (stage IIIa) to 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one and their in vitro maturation. Acquisition of competence by the stage IIIa follicles was further validated by changes of lhr, mprb, inhbaa (activin betaA1), tgfb1, and gdf9 gene expression, which have recently emerged as key regulators of oocyte acquisition of maturational competence, and pou5f1 gene expression, which in other models has been shown to govern the establishment of developmental competence of oocytes. In addition, a DNA microarray experiment was conducted using the same follicles, and with relative gene ontology (GO) data analysis, the molecular effects of probiotic administration emerged. Molecular analysis using PCR-DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) approach, providing information about only the most abundant bacterial members of the microbial community, revealed that the probiotic was able to populate the gastrointestinal tract and modulate the microbial communities, causing a clear shift in them and specifically enhancing the presence of the lactic acid bacteria Streptococcus thermophilus. At the same time, PCR-DGGE analysis revealed that the probiotic was not directly associated with the ovaries. Finally, the effects of probiotic treatment on zebrafish follicle development were also analyzed by FPA (focal plane array) Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) imaging, a technique that provides the overall biochemical composition of samples. Changes were found above all in stage IIIa follicles from probiotic-exposed females; the modifications, observed in protein secondary structures as well as in hydration and in bands related to phosphate moieties, allowed us to hypothesize that probiotics act at this follicle stage, affecting the maturation phase.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Mare, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gioacchini
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giorgini
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Merrifield
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hardiman
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borini
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vaccari
authors.forename: Oliana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Carnevali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D055429:Growth Differentiation Factor 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D006908:Hydroxyprogesterones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028322:Inhibin-beta Subunits / Q000378:metabolism; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; D023421:Models, Animal; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000502:physiology*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D055429:Growth Differentiation Factor 9; D006908:Hydroxyprogesterones; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C511728:Paqr8 protein, zebrafish; C085437:Pou5f3 protein, zebrafish; D011974:Receptors, LH; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C103008:inhibin beta A subunit; C007433:17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one; D028322:Inhibin-beta Subunits
references.citation: J Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Aug;33(1):1-9
references.pmid: 15291738
references.citation: Mol Syst Biol. 2010;6:354
references.pmid: 20212526
references.citation: Hum Reprod. 2009 Sep;24(9):2225-37
references.pmid: 19477878
references.citation: J Morphol. 1993 Nov;218(2):203-224
references.pmid: 29865471
references.citation: Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2005 May 15;142(1-2):204-11
references.pmid: 15862564
references.citation: Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2005 Sep 30;3:53
references.pmid: 16197550
references.citation: Nature. 1992 Oct 8;359(6395):550-1
references.pmid: 1383830
references.citation: Eur J Nutr. 2009 Sep;48(6):355-63
references.pmid: 19365593
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2007 Nov;148(11):5451-8
references.pmid: 17656459
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2004 Dec;71(6):2056-64
references.pmid: 15329331
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2009 May;153(1):18-23
references.pmid: 18838125
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Jan;1783(1):98-106
references.pmid: 17916392
references.citation: Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2010 Apr 1;166(2):346-55
references.pmid: 19941865
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2002 Feb;66(2):259-65
references.pmid: 11804937
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Jun;129(2-3):427-39
references.pmid: 11399477
references.citation: Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1996 Jul;103(1):24-35
references.pmid: 8812325
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2006 Jan;147(1):201-9
references.pmid: 16210364
references.citation: Gynecol Oncol. 2004 Apr;93(1):59-68
references.pmid: 15047215
references.citation: Dev Growth Differ. 2008 Jun;50 Suppl 1:S195-219
references.pmid: 18482399
references.citation: BMC Dev Biol. 2008 Oct 06;8:97
references.pmid: 18837968
references.citation: Biomarkers. 2007 May-Jun;12(3):240-55
references.pmid: 17453739
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 5;101(40):14461-6
references.pmid: 15452344
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2003 May;144(5):1931-41
references.pmid: 12697700
references.citation: Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2005 Sep 15;143(3):287-99
references.pmid: 15925369
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2008 Dec 1;80(23):9065-72
references.pmid: 18983174
references.citation: Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2009 May;153(1):63-8
references.pmid: 19027867
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2002 Feb 25;188(1-2):195-205
references.pmid: 11911957
references.citation: Cell. 1998 Oct 30;95(3):379-91
references.pmid: 9814708
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2004 Sep;71(3):749-60
references.pmid: 15115721
references.citation: Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010 Dec;398(7-8):3063-72
references.pmid: 20936269
references.citation: Mech Dev. 1998 Feb;71(1-2):89-98
references.pmid: 9507072
references.citation: Dev Dyn. 2010 Feb;239(2):672-9
references.pmid: 20034054
references.citation: Nature. 2006 Nov 16;444(7117):364-8
references.pmid: 17093407
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009 Nov 27;312(1-2):42-52
references.pmid: 19406202
references.citation: Microbes Infect. 2000 May;2(6):681-6
references.pmid: 10884619
references.citation: Biophys J. 2006 Apr 15;90(8):2946-57
references.pmid: 16428280
references.citation: Biol Reprod. 2000 Jun;62(6):1585-92
references.pmid: 10819759
references.citation: Microsc Res Tech. 2009 Feb;72(2):67-75
references.pmid: 18825780
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2009 Nov 27;312(1-2):72-9
references.pmid: 19773085
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Feb 15;108(7):3047-52
references.pmid: 21282636
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2003 Sep 22;19(14):1808-16
references.pmid: 14512352
references.citation: Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1998 Oct;112(1):80-8
references.pmid: 9748406
references.citation: Clin Nutr. 2010 Dec;29(6):701-25
references.pmid: 20576332
references.citation: Reproduction. 2010 Dec;140(6):953-9
references.pmid: 20833753