title: The impact of workplace risk factors on long-term musculoskeletal sickness absence: a registry-based 5-year follow-up from the Oslo health study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the influence of work-related risk factors by gender on long-term sickness absence with musculoskeletal diagnoses (LSM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the Oslo Health Study were linked to the historical event database of Statistics Norway. Eight thousand three hundred thirty-three participants were followed from 2001 through 2005. Generalized linear models were used to compute risk differences for LSM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 12.6% of the women and 8.8% of the men experienced at least one LSM. Statistically, significant LSM risk increases between 0.039 and 0.086 in association with work environment were found for heavy physical work, low job control (men only), low support from superior (women only), and having shift/night work (men only).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women exhibited a higher LSM risk, but the associations with job exposures were stronger for men. This should be addressed when occupational health services give advice on preventive measures.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway. lfo@stami.no
authors.forename: Line
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Foss
authors.forename: Hans Magne
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Gravseth
authors.forename: Petter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: Bjørgulf
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: Ingrid Sivesind
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Mehlum
authors.forename: Stein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knardahl
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Skyberg
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012042:Registries; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*