title: The role of capillarisin from Artemisia capillaris on penile erection.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect and mechanism of capillarisin from Artemisia capillaris (A. capillaris) on rabbit penile corpus cavernosum (PCC). The pre-contracted New Zealand White rabbit (2.5-3.0 kg) penis with phenylephrine (Phe; 10⁻⁵  M) was treated with various concentrations of ethanol extract of A. capillaris (0.1, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/mL) and capillarisin, the active component of A. capillaris (10⁻⁷, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻⁵ and 10⁻⁴  M). Capillarisin was also applied to PCC tissues contracted with Phe, which were pre-incubated with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5 Is). Cyclic nucleotides in the perfusate were measured by radioimmunoassay. The tissues were pre-incubated with Nω nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME, 10⁻³  M) and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 10⁻⁵  M) to block nitric oxide (NO) synthase and guanylate cyclase, respectively. Capillarisin induced penile relaxation and enhanced PDE5 Is-induced relaxation. Capillarisin increased cGMP and cAMP in the perfusate. The application of capillarisin on PCC pre-treated with L-NAME and ODQ significantly inhibited the relaxation. Capillarisin exerts the relaxing effect on PCC by activating the NO-cGMP and adenylyl cAMP signaling pathways and may become an alternative medicine for patients who want to use natural products to improve erectile function or do not completely respond to PDE5 Is.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology of Medical School and Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University, and Research Institute and CTC of Medical Device of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 561-712, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bo Ram
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yun Ok
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ju-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Insuk
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Jong Kwan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002867:Chromones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 / Q000378:metabolism; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D000431:Ethanol; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000187:drug effects*; D010413:Penis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C095284:1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one; D002867:Chromones; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011810:Quinoxalines; D010656:Phenylephrine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; C011185:capillarisin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester