title: Long-term antibody and immune memory response induced by pulmonary delivery of the influenza Iscomatrix vaccine.
abstract: Pulmonary delivery of an influenza Iscomatrix adjuvant vaccine induces a strong systemic and mucosal antibody response. Since an influenza vaccine needs to induce immunological memory that lasts at least 1 year for utility in humans, we examined the longevity of the immune response induced by such a pulmonary vaccination, with and without antigen challenge. Sheep were vaccinated in the deep lung with an influenza Iscomatrix vaccine, and serum and lung antibody levels were quantified for up to 1 year. The immune memory response to these vaccinations was determined following antigen challenge via lung delivery of influenza antigen at 6 months and 1 year postvaccination. Pulmonary vaccination of sheep with the influenza Iscomatrix vaccine induced antigen-specific antibodies in both sera and lungs that were detectable until 6 months postimmunization. Importantly, a memory recall response following antigenic challenge was detected at 12 months post-lung vaccination, including the induction of functional antibodies with hemagglutination inhibition activity. Pulmonary delivery of an influenza Iscomatrix vaccine induces a long-lived influenza virus-specific antibody and memory response of suitable length for annual vaccination against influenza.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Animal Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vujanic
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Snibson
authors.forename: Janet L K
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wee
authors.forename: Stirling J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pearse
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre Y
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Scheerlinck
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sutton
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001769:Blood / Q000276:immunology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012503:Saponins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012756:Sheep; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004338:Drug Combinations; C493786:ISCOMATRIX; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D010743:Phospholipids; D012503:Saponins; D002784:Cholesterol
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