title: Stem cell factor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor promote neuronal lineage commitment of neural stem cells.
abstract: Stem cell factor (SCF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) were originally discovered as growth factors for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). It has been well defined that SCF and G-CSF contribute to regulation of lineage commitment for HSCs. However, little is known about whether SCF and G-CSF play roles in the determination and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Here we demonstrate the novel function of SCF and G-CSF in controlling cell cycle and cell fate determination of NSCs. We also observe that SCF and G-CSF promote neuronal differentiation and inhibit astroglial differentiation at the early stage of differentiation. In addition, our research data reveal that SCF in combination with G-CSF has a dual function in promoting cell cycle exit and directing neuronal fate commitment at the stage of NSC dividing. This coordination effect of SCF+G-CSF on cell cycle arrest and neuronal differentiation is through enhancing neurogenin 1 (Ngn1) activity. These findings extend current knowledge regarding the role of SCF and G-CSF in the regulation of neurogenesis and provide insights into the contribution of hematopoietic growth factors to brain development and remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
authors.forename: Chun-Shu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li-Ru
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055495:Neurogenesis; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; C105389:NEUROG1 protein, human