title: A trial for the use of qigong in the treatment of pre and mild essential hypertension: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and the prevalence of hypertension tends to increase with age. Current treatments for hypertension have side effects and poor adherence. Qigong has been studied as an alternative therapy for hypertension; however, the types of qigong used in those studies were diverse, and there have not been many well-designed randomized controlled trials.Our objectives are the following: 1) To evaluate the effects of qigong on blood pressure, health status and hormone levels for pre- or mild hypertension. 2) To test the methodological appropriateness of this clinical trial and calculate a sample size for future randomized trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty subjects with pre- or mild hypertension will be randomized to either the qigong exercise group or the non-treated group. Participants in the qigong group will conduct qigong exercises 5 times per week for 8 weeks, and participants in the non-treated group will maintain their current lifestyle, including diet and exercise. The use of antihypertensive medication is not permitted. The primary endpoint is a change in patient blood pressure. Secondary endpoints are patient health status (as measured by the SF-36 and the MYMOP2 questionnaires) and changes in hormone levels, including norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study will be the first randomized trial to investigate the effectiveness of qigong exercises for the treatment of pre- and mild hypertension. The results of this study will help to establish the optimal approach for the care of adults with pre- or mild hypertension.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Clinical Research Information Service KCT0000140.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Taeseob
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sanghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tae-Hun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ae-Ran
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: So-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyoju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sun-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life
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