title: Large-scale automated histology in the pursuit of connectomes.
abstract: How does the brain compute? Answering this question necessitates neuronal connectomes, annotated graphs of all synaptic connections within defined brain areas. Further, understanding the energetics of the brain's computations requires vascular graphs. The assembly of a connectome requires sensitive hardware tools to measure neuronal and neurovascular features in all three dimensions, as well as software and machine learning for data analysis and visualization. We present the state of the art on the reconstruction of circuits and vasculature that link brain anatomy and function. Analysis at the scale of tens of nanometers yields connections between identified neurons, while analysis at the micrometer scale yields probabilistic rules of connection between neurons and exact vascular connectivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. dk@physics.ucsd.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kleinfeld
authors.forename: Arjun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bharioke
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blinder
authors.forename: Davi D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Briggman
authors.forename: Dmitri B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Chklovskii
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Denk
authors.forename: Moritz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Helmstaedter
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kaufhold
authors.forename: Wei-Chung Allen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hanno S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Kristina D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Micheva
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oberlaender
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prohaska
authors.forename: R Clay
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Philbert S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sakmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001331:Automation / Q000379:methods*; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D059906:Neuroimaging; D009474:Neurons / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure
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