title: Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.): An overview.
abstract: Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is a well-known medicinal plant species from the Asteraceae family often referred to as the "star among medicinal species." Nowadays it is a highly favored and much used medicinal plant in folk and traditional medicine. Its multitherapeutic, cosmetic, and nutritional values have been established through years of traditional and scientific use and research. Chamomile has an established domestic (Indian) and international market, which is increasing day by day. The plant available in the market many a times is adulterated and substituted by close relatives of chamomile. This article briefly reviews the medicinal uses along with botany and cultivation techniques. Since chamomile is a rich source of natural products, details on chemical constituents of essential oil and plant parts as well as their pharmacological properties are included. Furthermore, particular emphasis is given to the biochemistry, biotechnology, market demand, and trade of the plant. This is an attempt to compile and document information on different aspects of chamomile and highlight the need for research and development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi- 284 128, India.
authors.forename: Ompal
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Zakia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Khanam
authors.forename: Neelam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: Manoj Kumar
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 Oct 3;101(1-3):308-12
references.pmid: 15964726
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Nov 14;55(23):9470-8
references.pmid: 17939735
references.citation: Physiol Plant. 2003 May;118(1):21-28
references.pmid: 12702010
references.citation: Vet Parasitol. 2009 Oct 14;164(2-4):257-66
references.pmid: 19596520
references.citation: Phytomedicine. 2005 Jan;12(1-2):25-7
references.pmid: 15693704
references.citation: Homeopathy. 2008 Jul;97(3):141-4
references.pmid: 18657773
references.citation: Z Naturforsch C J Biosci. 2004 Jul-Aug;59(7-8):543-8
references.pmid: 15813377
references.citation: Planta Med. 1980 May;39(1):38-50
references.pmid: 7403307
references.citation: Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2008 Jan-Feb;74(1):118-24
references.pmid: 18392512
references.citation: C R Acad Sci III. 1985;301(6):289-94
references.pmid: 2411365
references.citation: Planta Med. 1981 Dec;43(4):412-3
references.pmid: 17402072
references.citation: Planta Med. 1984 Aug;50(4):359
references.pmid: 17340328
references.citation: Planta Med. 1979 Feb;35(2):118-24
references.pmid: 419179
references.citation: Planta Med. 1979 Feb;35(2):125-40
references.pmid: 419180
references.citation: Free Radic Biol Med. 1996;20(7):933-56
references.pmid: 8743980
references.citation: J Nat Med. 2008 Jul;62(3):284-93
references.pmid: 18404309
references.citation: Arzneimittelforschung. 2001;51(7):545-53
references.pmid: 11505785
references.citation: Phytomedicine. 2008 Jan;15(1-2):71-8
references.pmid: 17976968
references.citation: Eksp Klin Farmakol. 1999 Nov-Dec;62(6):52-5
references.pmid: 10650529
references.citation: Pharmazie. 1969 Mar;24(3):170-3
references.pmid: 5797635
references.citation: Int J Cosmet Sci. 1996 Jun;18(3):87-101
references.pmid: 19245460
references.citation: Ecotoxicology. 2008 Aug;17(6):471-9
references.pmid: 18389371
references.citation: Int Endod J. 2006 Mar;39(3):190-5
references.pmid: 16507072
references.citation: Med Vet Entomol. 2004 Jun;18(2):205-7
references.pmid: 15189247
references.citation: Plant J. 2001 Oct;28(2):209-16
references.pmid: 11722764
references.citation: Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 1999 Oct-Dec;24(4):303-8
references.pmid: 10892892
references.citation: J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2009 Aug;29(4):378-82
references.pmid: 19593179
references.citation: Phytomedicine. 2003 Nov;10(8):657-64
references.pmid: 14692726
references.citation: Int J Food Microbiol. 2008 Feb 10;121(3):357-60
references.pmid: 18068252
references.citation: Plant Cell Rep. 2003 Jun;21(10):1027-34
references.pmid: 12835914
references.citation: Planta Med. 1983 Oct;49(2):67-73
references.pmid: 6657784
references.citation: J Pediatr. 1993 Apr;122(4):650-2
references.pmid: 8463920
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Nov 17;52(23):6956-61
references.pmid: 15537303
references.citation: Planta Med. 1976 Nov;30(3):258-68
references.pmid: 1005528
references.citation: J Ethnopharmacol. 1989 Sep;26(2):163-8
references.pmid: 2601356
references.citation: J Clin Pharmacol. 1973 Nov-Dec;13(11):475-9
references.pmid: 4490671
references.citation: Free Radic Biol Med. 1995 Feb;18(2):321-36
references.pmid: 7744317
references.citation: Plant Cell Rep. 2009 Jan;28(1):135-43
references.pmid: 18972114
references.citation: Planta Med. 1977 Nov;32(3):235-43
references.pmid: 918162
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2009 Feb;23(2):274-8
references.pmid: 18803230
references.citation: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2006 Jun;64(2):178-89
references.pmid: 16406578
references.citation: Ann Allergy. 1990 Aug;65(2):127-32
references.pmid: 2382873
references.citation: Pharmazie. 2003 May;58(5):359-60
references.pmid: 12779060
references.citation: J Plant Physiol. 2007 Jun;164(6):728-36
references.pmid: 16690163
references.citation: Planta Med. 1973 Mar;23(2):132-44
references.pmid: 4705792
references.citation: Vet Med Nauki. 1981;18(4):94-8
references.pmid: 7314446
references.citation: Phytother Res. 2005 Nov;19(11):988-91
references.pmid: 16317658
references.citation: Ann Bot. 2003 Jan;91 Spec No:179-94
references.pmid: 12509339