title: The developmental history of the gadolinium chelates as intravenous contrast media for magnetic resonance.
abstract: The developmental history of the gadolinium chelates, which spans 30 years, is described, focusing, in part, on the seminal work with each of the major agents in use today. By examining this history, insight is gained into important issues of efficacy and safety, with valuable lessons to be learned from the mistakes made during this period. An overview of physicochemical characteristics and chemical structures is also provided. The review concludes with a discussion of current research directions involving this field, which is that of the intravenous contrast media for magnetic resonance, in the past 5 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, USA. vmrunge@utmb.edu
authors.forename: Val M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Runge
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Dapeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium