title: IAPs: guardians of RIPK1.
abstract: Deregulation of innate immune signalling and cell death form the basis of most human disease pathogenesis. Inhibitor of APoptosis (IAP) protein-family members are frequently overexpressed in cancer and contribute to tumour cell survival, chemo-resistance, disease progression and poor prognosis. Although best known for their ability to regulate caspases, IAPs also influence ubiquitin-dependent pathways that modulate innate immune signalling by activation of NF-κB. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms through which IAPs influence cell death and innate immune responses have provided new insights into novel strategies for treatment of cancer. In this review we discuss our current understanding of IAP-mediated NF-κB signalling, as well as elaborate on unexpected insights into the involvement of IAPs in regulating the 'Ripoptosome', a novel intrinsic cell death-inducing platform. We propose an evolutionarily conserved concept whereby IAPs function as guardians of killer platforms such as the apoptosome in Drosophila and the Ripoptosome in mammals.
authors.affiliation: The Breakthrough Toby Robins Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darding
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020169:Caspases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D025801:Ubiquitin; C506249:RIPK1 protein, human; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020169:Caspases
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