title: Bidirectional plasticity of cortical pattern recognition and behavioral sensory acuity.
abstract: Learning to adapt to a complex and fluctuating environment requires the ability to adjust neural representations of sensory stimuli. Through pattern completion processes, cortical networks can reconstruct familiar patterns from degraded input patterns, whereas pattern separation processes allow discrimination of even highly overlapping inputs. Here we show that the balance between pattern separation and completion is experience dependent. Rats given extensive training with overlapping complex odorant mixtures showed improved behavioral discrimination ability and enhanced piriform cortical ensemble pattern separation. In contrast, behavioral training to disregard normally detectable differences between overlapping mixtures resulted in impaired piriform cortical ensemble pattern separation (enhanced pattern completion) and impaired discrimination. This bidirectional effect was not found in the olfactory bulb; it may be due to plasticity within olfactory cortex itself. Thus pattern recognition, and the balance between pattern separation and completion, is highly malleable on the basis of task demands and occurs in concert with changes in perceptual performance.
authors.affiliation: Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA. jchapuis@nki.rfmh.org
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chapuis
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D005793:Generalization, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D055696:Olfactory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats
references.citation: Hippocampus. 1996;6(6):654-65
references.pmid: 9034852
references.citation: PLoS One. 2011 Mar 23;6(3):e18130
references.pmid: 21448432
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1997 Jul 1;17(13):5167-74
references.pmid: 9185554
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1997 Jul 1;17(13):5155-66
references.pmid: 9185553
references.citation: Neuron. 2010 Aug 12;67(3):452-65
references.pmid: 20696382
references.citation: Science. 2004 Aug 27;305(5688):1295-8
references.pmid: 15272123
references.citation: Physiol Behav. 1999 Apr;66(2):177-82
references.pmid: 10336141
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2011 Dec;106(6):3136-44
references.pmid: 21918001
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2010 Aug;104(2):829-39
references.pmid: 20538778
references.citation: Nature. 2004 Jul 22;430(6998):456-9
references.pmid: 15229614
references.citation: Brain. 2010 Sep;133(9):2714-26
references.pmid: 20724290
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2011 Feb 9;31(6):2156-66
references.pmid: 21307252
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2011 Jun;14(6):791-6
references.pmid: 21552275
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2006 Aug 23;26(34):8857-65
references.pmid: 16928875
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2008 Sep;33(7):581-96
references.pmid: 18534995
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Oct;30(7):1339-48
references.pmid: 19769594
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2008 Oct 28;6(10):e258
references.pmid: 18959481
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2003 Jun;17(12):2727-34
references.pmid: 12823479
references.citation: Brain Res. 1992 Apr 17;577(2):226-35
references.pmid: 1606497
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2001 Jun;26(5):551-76
references.pmid: 11418502
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2007 Oct;98(4):2196-205
references.pmid: 17699692
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2010 Jan 13;30(2):505-14
references.pmid: 20071513
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2007 Aug 1;27(31):8358-65
references.pmid: 17670982
references.citation: PLoS One. 2010 Oct 27;5(10):e15401
references.pmid: 21060884
references.citation: Learn Mem. 2010 Oct 27;17(11):561-70
references.pmid: 20980444
references.citation: Nature. 1997 Jul 17;388(6639):272-5
references.pmid: 9230435
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2009 Aug 19;29(33):10287-98
references.pmid: 19692603
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2008 Dec;11(12):1378-80
references.pmid: 18978781
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 1992 May;67(5):1230-46
references.pmid: 1597709
references.citation: Schizophr Res. 2004 Jul 1;69(1):55-65
references.pmid: 15145471
references.citation: Science. 1998 Mar 13;279(5357):1714-8
references.pmid: 9497289
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2001 Dec;86(6):2823-33
references.pmid: 11731539
references.citation: Science. 2002 Jul 12;297(5579):211-8
references.pmid: 12040087
references.citation: Trends Neurosci. 2009 Apr;32(4):207-14
references.pmid: 19243843
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1999 Oct 1;19(19):8616-22
references.pmid: 10493761
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Mar;29(5):921-30
references.pmid: 19291223
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 1982 Jan;19(1):44-56
references.pmid: 7058239
references.citation: Trends Neurosci. 2009 Oct;32(10):525-31
references.pmid: 19758713
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 10;103(41):15206-11
references.pmid: 17005727
references.citation: Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011 Feb;12(2):105-18
references.pmid: 21248789
references.citation: Learn Mem. 2009 Jun 19;16(7):413-6
references.pmid: 19546230
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2003 Jul 30;23(17):6946-55
references.pmid: 12890789
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2005 Jan 26;25(4):792-8
references.pmid: 15673658
references.citation: Trends Neurosci. 2003 May;26(5):243-7
references.pmid: 12744840
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 2010 May 15;518(10):1670-87
references.pmid: 20235162
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2010 Feb 3;30(5):1760-5
references.pmid: 20130185
references.citation: Neuron. 2011 Mar 24;69(6):1176-87
references.pmid: 21435561
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2008 Dec 3;28(49):13106-11
references.pmid: 19052201