title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the IL28B and sustained virologic response of patients with chronic hepatitis C to PEG-interferon/ribavirin therapy: A meta-analysis: Meta-analysis of IL28B.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatitis C is a global health problem and represents a major cause of liver disease and socioeconomic burden. Effective antiviral therapy may prevent these complications, but the current treatment for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection does not produce sustained virologic response. Therefore, identification of the determinants of response to treatment is a high priority. A number of host and viral factors have been associated with treatment outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the IL28B and sustained virologic response (SVR) of patients with chronic hepatitis C to PEG-interferon/ribavirin therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched PubMed, Medline and Cochrane Library, and found 7 eligible papers involved in this study. Then we performed a meta-analysis comparing the SVR rate at SNP of the IL28B in individuals with PEG-interferon/ribavirin therapy. Meanwhile, the SVR rate between different races and HCV genotypes was studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sustained virologic response rate was higher in patients with the rs12979860 CC and rs8099917 TT alleles in the IL28B SNP, comparing with the rs12979860 CT, or TT and rs8099917 TG or GG. Furthermore, a higher SVR was observed in the Caucasians than in Afro-Americans (OR = 3.85, 95% CI: 3.06-4.83); the percentage of rs12979860 TT genotype was lower in Caucasians (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.20-0.31) and the percentage of rs12979860 CC genotype was higher in Caucasians than that of Afro-Americans (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 2.68-4.44). Between different HCV genotypes, the SVR was much lower in those with HCV genotype 1 than those with genotype 2/3 (OR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.11-0.24).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL28B is significantly associated with response to PEG-interferon/ribavirin therapy of patients with chronic HCV infection. Both the rs12979860 and rs8099917 alleles could be used as independent predictors of the treatment response. The rs12979860 allele in particular, is more important from our study. The polymorphism even explains part the difference in response rate between different ethnic groups and HCV genotypes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Shiying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Qin-Qin
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Huai-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Da-Zhi
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
references.citation: Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S237-44
references.pmid: 12407599
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2001 Jul 5;345(1):41-52
references.pmid: 11439948
references.citation: Virol J. 2005 Sep 07;2:80
references.pmid: 16146571
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Sep 17;461(7262):399-401
references.pmid: 19684573
references.citation: Microbes Infect. 2002 Oct;4(12):1219-25
references.pmid: 12467763
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2004 Jul 29;351(5):451-9
references.pmid: 15282352
references.citation: J Immunol. 2008 Feb 15;180(4):2474-85
references.pmid: 18250457
references.citation: J Virol. 2009 Apr;83(8):3834-42
references.pmid: 19193806
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2010 Jul;139(1):120-9.e18
references.pmid: 20399780
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2010 Apr;138(4):1338-45, 1345.e1-7
references.pmid: 20060832
references.citation: J Hepatol. 2004 Sep;41(3):474-81
references.pmid: 15336451
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2006 Aug;131(2):470-7
references.pmid: 16890601
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2010 Aug;139(2):499-509
references.pmid: 20434452
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2005 May;128(5):1437-44
references.pmid: 15887125
references.citation: J Hepatol. 2008 Oct;49(4):634-51
references.pmid: 18715665
references.citation: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2005 Nov;289(5):G960-8
references.pmid: 16051921
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2009 Jan 15;360(3):257-67
references.pmid: 19144941
references.citation: Nat Genet. 2009 Oct;41(10):1100-4
references.pmid: 19749758
references.citation: J Virol. 2005 Mar;79(6):3851-4
references.pmid: 15731279
references.citation: Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Jun;54(6):1317-24
references.pmid: 18958621
references.citation: Hepatology. 2002 Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S21-9
references.pmid: 12407573
references.citation: Clin Liver Dis. 2005 Aug;9(3):383-98, vi
references.pmid: 16023972
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2006 Dec;131(6):1887-98
references.pmid: 17087946
references.citation: J Med Virol. 2007 Nov;79(11):1686-95
references.pmid: 17854035
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2004 May 27;350(22):2265-71
references.pmid: 15163776
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2006 May;87(Pt 5):1099-1108
references.pmid: 16603509
references.citation: Hepatology. 2008 Dec;48(6):1753-60
references.pmid: 18925643
references.citation: Med Sci (Paris). 2010 Mar;26(3):225-6
references.pmid: 20346265
references.citation: Lancet. 2001 Sep 22;358(9286):958-65
references.pmid: 11583749
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 May 13;105(19):7034-9
references.pmid: 18467494
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2009 Aug 6;361(6):580-93
references.pmid: 19625712
references.citation: Int J Epidemiol. 2007 Aug;36(4):731-7
references.pmid: 17693458
references.citation: J Viral Hepat. 2006 Jan;13(1):34-41
references.pmid: 16364080
references.citation: Lancet. 1999 Mar 13;353(9156):863-8
references.pmid: 10093977
references.citation: Genes Immun. 2004 Jun;5(4):237-45
references.pmid: 15103322
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Oct 8;461(7265):798-801
references.pmid: 19759533
references.citation: Gut. 2004 Sep;53(9):1345-51
references.pmid: 15306598
references.citation: J Virol. 2006 May;80(9):4501-9
references.pmid: 16611910
references.citation: Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Sep;5(9):558-67
references.pmid: 16122679
references.citation: Hepatology. 2010 Jun;51(6):1904-11
references.pmid: 20235331
references.citation: Nat Immunol. 2003 Jan;4(1):63-8
references.pmid: 12469119
references.citation: Hepatology. 2007 Oct;46(4):971-81
references.pmid: 17894303
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2010 Jun;138(7):2307-14
references.pmid: 20176026
references.citation: J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Jan;44(1):20-9
references.pmid: 14681338
references.citation: Nat Immunol. 2003 Jan;4(1):69-77
references.pmid: 12483210
references.citation: Nat Genet. 2009 Oct;41(10):1105-9
references.pmid: 19749757