title: Transendocardial autologous bone marrow in myocardial infarction induced heart failure, two-year follow-up in an open-label phase I safety study (the TABMMI study).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the hypothesis that fluoroscopically-guided helical needle transendocardial delivery of autologous bone marrow (ABM) mononuclear cells (MNCs) in chronic post myocardial infarction patients is safe and improves ejection fraction (EF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty ischaemic heart failure patients with an EF ≤40% were enrolled. ABMMNCs were prepared, counted for CD34+ and CD133+ content, and delivered percutaneously to the heart at 5 to 10 peri-infarct sites. Two-dimensional (2D) transthoracic echocardiography, EF measurements, Holter, and exercise tolerance time (ETT) were performed at baseline, one week (wk), and 6, 12, and 24 months (mo). 96±29 million ABMMNCs were injected into 8.5±2.6 peri-infarct sites over 42±17 minutes (n=20). There were no adverse events associated with the catheter-based cell transplantation procedure or significant increases in ventricular events on Holter. EF improved over baseline from 34.9±4.3% to 41.9±5.1% at 12 mo to 42.2±7.1% (p=0.00005) at 24 mo. ETT improvements were statistically significant from 246±113 sec to 373±183 sec at 12 mo and 371±181 sec at 24 mo (p=0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ABMMNCs delivered with the helical needle transendocardial catheter was safe in this uncontrolled open label study. Increased EF and ETT support the safety of the procedure and technologies involved and warrant additional investigation.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Argentino de Diagnostico y Tratamiento, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.forename: Simon H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Stertzer
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argentieri
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peñaloza
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koziner
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rouy
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Altman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001118:Argentina; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D057785:Catheters; D004452:Echocardiography; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D004867:Equipment Design; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009339:Needles; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left