title: Therapeutic mechanisms of Tongmai Dasheng Tablet on tripterygium glycosides induced rat model for premature ovarian failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the therapeutic effect of Tongmai Dasheng Tablet (TMDST) on tripterygium glycosides (TG) induced premature ovarian failure (POF) rat model and investigate the underlying mechanisms, based on the establishing method of POF model we developed in our previous work.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were intragastrically administered with TG to induce POF, then were randomized into model group, premarin group and TMDST group, and were administered intragastrically with physiological saline, premarin and TMDST respectively. The estrous cycle was examined by vaginal exfoliative cystoscopy. Serum estradiol (E(2)) and progesterone (P) were measured by γ-radioimmunoassay, serum inhibin B (INHB) was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), endostatin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fetal liver kinase-1 (Flk-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), type 1 tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-RI) and Caspase-3 in ovaries of rats was examined by immunohistochemistry method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TG induced POF rats restored normal estrous cycle after being treated with TMDST and presented near or above normal ovarian index, serum E2 and INHB level in comparison with those of normal controls. Significantly higher expression of ER, VEGF and VEGFR-2, significantly lower intracellular TNF-α and Caspase-3, thinner vascular wall and larger vascular lumen were also found in the ovaries of these TMDST treated POF rats than those of model group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TMDST is effective in treating TG induced POF rats, and pro-angiogenesis and anti-apoptosis are the two possible mechanisms accounting for the therapeutic effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Clinical College of Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Zhengang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yeke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Keming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiaouan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chongyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006027:Glycosides; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D013607:Tablets; D029757:Tripterygium; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D006027:Glycosides; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D013607:Tablets; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467498:vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007265:Inhibins; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D053148:Caspase 3