title: Paratubal cysts, obesity, and hyperandrogenism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine if an association exists between adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) or hyperandrogenism (HA), obesity, and paratubal cysts (PTCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  An institutional review board-approved retrospective chart review was performed between the years of 1998 and 2008 at a single children's hospital. Inclusion criteria were met if pathology reports demonstrated diagnosis of PTC. Age of menarche, body mass index, surgical procedure, and findings were correlated with the presence of HA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of PTCs was 7.3% among 1524 females presenting with adnexal masses. One hundred three patients had a confirmed pathology diagnosis of PTC and underwent surgery for suspected torsion or persistent adnexal mass on imaging studies. Forty-five percent of surgical cases had ovarian or adnexal torsion. Mean age of PTC diagnosis for the entire cohort was 13.7 ± 2.82 years. Mean age of menarche was 11.7 ± 1.34 years among pubertal females. Four patients were premenarchal at the time of PTC diagnosis. Forty percent of pubertal females had a diagnosis of PCOS. Pubertal adolescents with features of HA had a higher body mass index (31.3 vs 26.2 kg/m(2), P = .003) and had a trend toward larger cysts (7.6 vs 6 cm, P = .235). Overall, a significant association existed between obesity and PTC (P = .007), although no definite association could be made about HA or PCOS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated an association between PTCs and obesity. In addition, HA appears to be associated with a trend toward large PTCs, although results were not significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Enyioma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muolokwu
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bercaw
authors.forename: Haleh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sangi-Haghpeykar
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banszek
authors.forename: Mary L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dietrich
mesh_terms: D000291:Adnexal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D006628:Hirsutism / Q000453:epidemiology; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015994:Incidence; D008572:Menarche; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D010310:Parovarian Cyst / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014102:Torsion Abnormality / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones