title: Urethral diverticula in females.
abstract: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? This is a review of urethral diverticula in females. In addition to modes of presentation, differential diagnosis, complications and surgical management, the increasingly recognised value of computerised axial imaging, especially with MRI, is highlighted. Urethral diverticula are rare but under-diagnosed entities that may cause a variety of urinary and pelvic symptoms in women. They are best demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging and micturating cysto-urethrography prior to transvaginal surgical excision. Although unlikely, the possibility of malignant transformation should not be forgotten.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia             Institute of Urology, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Charlotte L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: Tamsin J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Greenwell
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gardiner
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology