title: Titanium oxide antibacterial surfaces in biomedical devices.
abstract: Titanium oxide is a heterogeneous catalyst whose efficient photoinduced activity, related to some of its allotropic forms, paved the way for its widespread technological use. Here, we offer a comparative analysis of the use of titanium oxide as coating for materials in biomedical devices. First, we introduce the photoinduced catalytic mechanisms of TiO2 and their action on biological environment and bacteria. Second, we overview the main physical and chemical technologies for structuring suitable TiO2 coatings on biomedical devices. We then present the approaches for in vitro characterization of these surfaces. Finally, we discuss the main aspects of TiO2 photoactivated antimicrobial activity on medical devices and limitations for these types of applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Center for Tissue Engineering (CIT), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Visai
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Nardo
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Punta
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Melone
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cigada
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imbriani
authors.forename: Carla Renata
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Arciola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D006801:Humans; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium