title: Methods of verifying the output of the treatment planning system used for high dose rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationships between the planning target volume (PTV) and the total reference air kerma (TRAK) required to irradiate the prostate using the Nucletron microSelection (192)Ir radioactive stepping source afterloader for the treatment of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using 54 patient plans, the relationship between the treatment planning system (TPS) TRAK (TRAK(TPS)) and the estimate and planimetry prostate volumes was investigated. Linear regression analysis was used to predict the TRAK (TRAK(pred)) using the prostate gland height, width and length (HWL) measurements. The TRAK was corrected using a conformal index (COIN) of the plan to improve the accuracy of the model. A further 54 patient plans were then used to evaluate the outcome of the linear regression lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A formula was proposed (HxWxLxπ/5.19) to estimate the prostate volume, which showed a mean deviation from the planimetry volume of 0.0139 ± 3.339 cm(3), where 69% was within ± 10% of planimetry, and 96% within ±20%. Scatter graphs of TRAK(TPS) for 54 plans, showed a positive linear correlation, r=0.98, using the planimetry volume, and r=0.95 for the estimated volume. The further 54 treatment plans used for evaluation showed the TRAK(pred) was accurately predicted to ± 10% for 100% of plans using the planimetry volume and 81% using the prostate volume estimate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The verification method proposed was found to be accurate and independent of TPS parameters, with suitable acceptance margins of ± 10%.
authors.affiliation: St. James's Institute of Oncology, St. James's Hospital, Leeds, UK. ah@medphysics.leeds.ac.uk
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huckle
authors.forename: Bashar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Qaisieh
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bownes
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*