title: Trichomonas vaginalis genital infections: progress and challenges.
abstract: Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infection is the most prevalent curable sexually transmitted infection in the United States and worldwide. Most TV infections are asymptomatic, and the accurate diagnosis of this infection has been limited by lack of sufficiently sensitive and specific diagnostic tests, particularly for men. To provide updates for the 2010 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, a PubMed search was conducted of all TV literature published from 9 January 2004 through 24 September 2008. Approximately 175 pertinent abstracts and articles were reviewed and discussed with national experts. This article describes advances in TV diagnostics which have led to an improved understanding of the epidemiology of this pathogen, as well as potential biologic and epidemiological interactions between TV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). New data on treatment outcomes, metronidazole-resistant TV, management of nitroimidazole-allergic patients, frequency of recurrent TV infection following treatment, and screening considerations for TV in certain populations are also presented.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. lbachman@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: Laura H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Marcia M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.forename: Arlene C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Seña
authors.forename: Jack D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sobel
authors.forename: Jane R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Schwebke
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.forename: R Scott
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McClelland
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Workowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D014245:Trichomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents
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