title: Bio-Oss® blocks combined with BMP-2 and VEGF for the regeneration of bony defects and vertical augmentation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone formation rate and osseointegration of Bio-Oss(®) blocks combined with rhBMP-2 and rhVEGF in bony defects and after vertical augmentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bio-Oss(®) blocks plus rhBMP-2 (BMP), Bio-Oss(®) blocks plus rhVEGF (VEGF), or Bio-Oss(®) blocks plus rhBMP-2 and rhVEGF (BMPVEGF) were inserted in "critical size defects" (CSD) in the calvariae of adult pigs. Control defects were filled with collagen carrier (Lyostypt(®) ) plus growth factors and untreated Bio-Oss(®) blocks (CO). In a second group, Bio-Oss(®) blocks plus growth factors and untreated Bio-Oss(®) blocks were used for vertical augmentation of the calvariae. In the first group, the investigation time was 30 days, in the second group it was 30 and 60 days. The bone samples were investigated histomorphometrically, and the newly formed bone (BV/TV) was judged by microradiographic investigation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the CSD model, the newly formed bone in the region of interest was not significantly different within the groups. In the second setting, the inserted bone blocks exhibited sufficient volume stability with increasing bone formation up to 9.33% ± 3.92% for BMP, 10.42% ± 1.81% for BMP/VEGF, 11.01% ± 4.78% for VEGF, and 10.02% ± 5.43% for the control group after 60 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the chosen setting and time frame, de novo bone formation did not increase with the additional use of growth factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. christian.schmitt@uk-erlangen.de
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Doering
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lell
authors.forename: Jozsef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ratky
authors.forename: Karl Andreas
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Schlegel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008903:Minerals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013552:Swine; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008903:Minerals; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A