title: Effect of Prostate Biopsy Hemorrhage on MRDW and MRS Imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively evaluate the effect of post-prostate-biopsy hemorrhage on the interpretation of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted (MRDW) and magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) imaging in the detection of prostate cancer. We also investigated the optimal timing for magnetic resonance examination after prostate biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of 135 men. All patients underwent prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The prostate was divided into eight regions according to the biopsy site. Subsequently, we measured hemorrhage on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and (choline+creatinine)/citrate ([Cho+Cr]/Cit) ratios in the same regions on the MRI. We investigated the effect of hemorrhage at ADC values and (Cho+Cr)/Cit ratios on MRI and the relationship between prostate biopsy results and MRI findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 68.7 years and the mean time between biopsy and MRI was 23.5 days. The total hemorrhagic score demonstrated no significant associations with intervals from biopsy to MRI. Higher hemorrhagic scores were associated with higher ADC values, prostate cancer, and noncancer groups, respectively (p<0.001). ADC values were lower in tumors than in normal tissue (p<0.001), and ADC values were inversely correlated with tumor Gleason score in biopsy cores (p<0.001). However, (Cho+Cr)/Cit ratios did not exhibit any association with prostate biopsy results and hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemorrhage had no significant associations with the interval from biopsy to MRI. ADC values may help to detect prostate cancer and predict the aggressiveness of cancer; however, it is important to consider the bias effect of hemorrhage on the interpretation of MRDW imaging given that hemorrhage affects ADC values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: In Ho
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Young Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Kyung Do
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soon Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Myung
authors.forename: Tae Hyoung
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Beum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
references.citation: Korean J Urol. 2010 May;51(5):308-12
references.pmid: 20495692
references.citation: Acta Radiol. 2001 Jan;42(1):70-3
references.pmid: 11167335
references.citation: World J Urol. 2010 Dec;28(6):721-6
references.pmid: 20062999
references.citation: Br J Radiol. 1993 Nov;66(791):1044-7
references.pmid: 8281381
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2007 Apr 15;67(8):3524-8
references.pmid: 17440058
references.citation: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2001 Jan;22(1):112-8
references.pmid: 11158896
references.citation: Radiology. 2008 Aug;248(2):531-9
references.pmid: 18539890
references.citation: Abdom Imaging. 2006 Jul-Aug;31(4):490-9
references.pmid: 16955379
references.citation: Urology. 1995 Dec;46(6):773-8
references.pmid: 7502414
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2002 Aug;16(2):196-200
references.pmid: 12203768
references.citation: Magn Reson Med. 1991 Jun;19(2):429-38
references.pmid: 1715505
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004 Oct;183(4):1079-83
references.pmid: 15385308
references.citation: J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2005 Mar-Apr;29(2):149-53
references.pmid: 15772529
references.citation: Prostate. 2004 Jun 15;60(1):46-52
references.pmid: 15129428
references.citation: Radiology. 1993 Nov;189(2):339-52
references.pmid: 8210358
references.citation: BJU Int. 2009 Apr;103(7):883-8
references.pmid: 19007373
references.citation: Abdom Imaging. 2007 Nov;32(6):796-802
references.pmid: 17294342
references.citation: Prostate. 2000 Apr 1;43(1):43-8
references.pmid: 10725864
references.citation: Radiology. 1994 Sep;192(3):769-76
references.pmid: 8058945
references.citation: Thromb Res. 2002 Oct 1;108(1):3-13
references.pmid: 12586125
references.citation: Radiology. 1999 Nov;213(2):473-80
references.pmid: 10551229
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1994 Jan 27;330(4):242-8
references.pmid: 8272085
references.citation: Invest Radiol. 2006 Feb;41(2):185-8
references.pmid: 16428991
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2006 Jul;24(1):108-13
references.pmid: 16767709
references.citation: Radiology. 1996 Mar;198(3):795-805
references.pmid: 8628874
references.citation: Oncology. 2006;70(2):81-9
references.pmid: 16601365
references.citation: Urology. 1993 May;41(5):403-11
references.pmid: 8488608
references.citation: Radiology. 2008 Jan;246(1):177-84
references.pmid: 18024434
references.citation: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000 Aug;21(7):1190-4
references.pmid: 10954267
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2006 Feb;23(2):130-4
references.pmid: 16374882
references.citation: Radiology. 1995 May;195(2):385-90
references.pmid: 7724756
references.citation: Radiology. 1989 Jul;172(1):131-7
references.pmid: 2472644
references.citation: Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997 Jan 15;37(2):337-41
references.pmid: 9069305