title: Calcium phosphate bone cement with 10 wt% platelet-rich plasma in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a 10 wt% platelet-rich plasma (PRP) additive composite with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The in vitro testing of modulus, the apatite conversion rate, morphology, cell and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, and in vivo testing of histological examinations between two groups of 10 wt% PRP/CPC and CPC were characterised and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the crystallite morphologies showed a retarded effect in the PRP/CPC group in vitro, the modulus results showed that the 10 wt% PRP/CPC group had a significant reduction in strength but had no significant changes in the relative conversion ratio of the apatite phase with CPC only. The osteogenic evaluation of ALP expression was significantly increased by the PRP additives group with stem cells (D1) cultured for different periods (2-32 days). Our histological examinations showed that greater remodelling and the phenomenon of isolated/detached CPC particles were significantly observed at 9 weeks after implantation when the 10 wt% PRP/CPC composite was used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate that CPC may be a potential candidate as a carrier with PRP additives for bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jian-Chih
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chia-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Chi-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Yin-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tien
authors.forename: Wen-Cheng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000502:physiology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003461:Crystallography; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005270:Femur Head / Q000601:surgery; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase