title: Novel options for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer.
abstract: Docetaxel had been the only treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) that demonstrated a survival benefit for the patients. After its approval, no considerable progress has been made for several years until cabazitaxel and abiraterone acetate demonstrated a significant survival benefit in phase III clinical trials. Apart from that several other new drugs appeared including inhibitors of the androgen receptor (MDV3100), endothelin receptor antagonists (atrasentan, zibotentan), bone-targeted drugs (denosumab, Alpharadin) and immunotherapies (sipuleucel-T) capable of improving the prognosis of patients with CRPC. Here, we review the most recent advances in the treatment of CRPC and highlight the most promising new agents currently being investigated in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Saarland University, Kirrbergerstrasse 1, Homburg/Saar, Germany. carsten.ohlmann@uks.eu
authors.forename: Carsten-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ohlmann
authors.forename: Axel S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Merseburger
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suttmann
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trojan
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kempkensteffen
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corvin
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mathers
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bastian
mesh_terms: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
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