title: Alveolar process preservation at implants installed immediately into extraction sockets using deproteinized bovine bone mineral - an experimental study in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the soft tissue and the dimensional changes of the alveolar bony crest at sites where deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) particles, concomitantly with the placement of a collagen membrane, were used at implants installed into sockets immediately after tooth extraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pulp tissue of the mesial roots of (3) P(3) was removed in six Labrador dogs, and the root canals were filled. Flaps were elevated bilaterally, the premolars hemi-sectioned, and the distal roots removed. Recipient sites were prepared in the distal alveolus, and implants were placed. At the test sites, DBBM particles were placed in the residual marginal defects concomitantly with the placement of a collagen membrane. No treatment augmentation was performed at the control sites. A non-submerged healing was allowed. Impressions were obtained at baseline and at the time of sacrifice performed 4 months after surgery. The cast models obtained were analyzed using an optical system to evaluate dimensional variations. Block sections of the implant sites were obtained for histological processing and soft tissue assessments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 4 months of healing, no differences in soft tissue dimensions were found between the test and control sites based on the histological assessments. The location of the soft tissue at the buccal aspect was, however, more coronal at the test compared with the control sites (1.8 ± 0.8 and 0.9 ± 0.8 mm, respectively). At the three-dimensional evaluation, the margin of the soft tissues at the buccal aspect appeared to be located more apically and lingually. The vertical dislocation was 1 ± 0.6 and 2.7 ± 0.5 mm at the test and control sites, respectively. The area of the buccal shrinkage of the alveolar crest was significantly smaller at the test sites (5.9 ± 2.4 mm(2) ) compared with the control sites (11.5 ± 1.7 mm(2) ).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of DBBM particles concomitantly with the application of a collagen membrane used at implants placed into sockets immediately after tooth extraction contributed to the preservation of the alveolar process.
authors.affiliation: UNESP - Faculty of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caneva
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Botticelli
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cesaretti
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beolchini
authors.forename: Niklaus P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000601:surgery*; D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D004285:Dogs; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading / Q000379:methods*; D016348:Osseointegration; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014025:Titanium; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: C106416:Bio-Gide; D015921:Dental Implants; D003094:Collagen; D014025:Titanium