title: miR221/222 in cancer: their role in tumor progression and response to therapy.
abstract: miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs of ~24 nt that can block mRNA translation and/or negatively regulate its stability. There is a large body of evidence that dysregulation of miRNAs is a hallmark of cancer. miRNAs are often aberrantly expressed and their function is linked to the regulation of oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes involved in cell signaling pathway. miR-221 and miR-222 are two highly homologous microRNAs, whose upregulation has been recently described in several types of human tumors. miR-221/222 have been considered to act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, depending on tumor system. Silencing oncomiRs or gene therapy approaches, based on re-expression of miRNAs that are down-regulated in cancer cells, could represent a novel anti-tumor approach for integrated cancer therapy. Here we will review the role of miR-221/222 in cancer progression and their use as prognostic and therapeutic tools in cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garofalo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintavalle
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Croce
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Condorelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018450:Disease Progression; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; C525709:MIR221, human; C525710:MIR222, human
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