title: Cisplatin@US-tube carbon nanocapsules for enhanced chemotherapeutic delivery.
abstract: The use of chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer therapy is often limited by problems with administration such as insolubility, inefficient biodistribution, lack of selectivity, and inability of the drug to cross cellular barriers. To overcome these limitations, various types of drug delivery systems have been explored, and recently, carbon nanotube (CNT) materials have also garnered attention in the area of drug delivery. In this study, we describe the preparation, characterization, and in vitro testing of a new ultra-short single-walled carbon nanotube (US-tube)-based drug delivery system for the treatment of cancer. In particular, the encapsulation of cisplatin (CDDP), a widely-used anticancer drug, within US-tubes has been achieved, and the resulting CDDP@US-tube material characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and inductively-coupled optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Dialysis studies performed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37 °C have demonstrated that CDDP release from CDDP@US-tubes can be controlled (retarded) by wrapping the CDDP@US-tubes with Pluronic-F108 surfactant. Finally, the anticancer activity of pluronic-wrapped CDDP@US-tubes has been evaluated against two different breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, and found to exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity over free CDDP after 24 h. These studies have laid the foundation for developing US-tube-based delivery of chemotherapeutics, with drug release mainly limited to within cancer cells only.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA.
authors.forename: Adem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guven
authors.forename: Irene A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Rusakova
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Lon J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D010984:Platinum / Q000032:analysis; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D053769:Nanocapsules; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D012997:Solvents; D010984:Platinum; D002945:Cisplatin
references.citation: Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2007 Jan;7(1):3-18
references.pmid: 17266502
references.citation: Toxicol Sci. 2009 Aug;110(2):442-8
references.pmid: 19429663
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2010 Mar 23;4(3):1481-92
references.pmid: 20175510
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2010 Dec;31(36):9482-91
references.pmid: 20965562
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2007 Jul 11;129(27):8438-9
references.pmid: 17569542
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2005 Feb 7;(5):571-7
references.pmid: 15672140
references.citation: Science. 2002 Aug 2;297(5582):787-92
references.pmid: 12161643
references.citation: J Phys Chem B. 2006 Mar 23;110(11):5773-8
references.pmid: 16539524
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Aug;7(8):573-84
references.pmid: 17625587
references.citation: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005 Apr;4(4):307-20
references.pmid: 15789122
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Aug 27;130(34):11467-76
references.pmid: 18661990
references.citation: J Toxicol Sci. 2008 Feb;33(1):105-16
references.pmid: 18303189
references.citation: Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2005 Dec;9(6):674-9
references.pmid: 16233988
references.citation: Eur J Cancer. 1998 Sep;34(10):1522-34
references.pmid: 9893623
references.citation: Cancer Sci. 2011 Jul;102(7):1410-7
references.pmid: 21466612
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Jun 24;131(24):8342-3
references.pmid: 19492838
references.citation: Oncogene. 2003 Oct 20;22(47):7265-79
references.pmid: 14576837
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 28;103(9):3357-62
references.pmid: 16492781
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2006 Jul;6(7):1522-8
references.pmid: 16834443
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2006 Nov;6(11):2427-30
references.pmid: 17090068
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2008 Jul;3(7):378-9
references.pmid: 18654556
references.citation: Cancer. 2007 Dec 15;110(12):2654-65
references.pmid: 17960610
references.citation: Small. 2007 Sep;3(9):1496-9
references.pmid: 17668431
references.citation: Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1290-3
references.pmid: 364652
references.citation: Nature. 1997 Mar 27;386(6623):410-4
references.pmid: 9121559
references.citation: Mol Pharm. 2005 Nov-Dec;2(6):475-80
references.pmid: 16323954
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2010 May;5(5):354-9
references.pmid: 20364135
references.citation: Nano Res. 2010 Oct 1;3(11):779-793
references.pmid: 21804931
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2008 Oct 28;2(10):2057-64
references.pmid: 19206452
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2001 Sep 26;123(38):9378-87
references.pmid: 11562220
references.citation: Mol Pharm. 2004 Nov-Dec;1(6):399-405
references.pmid: 16028351
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2007 Aug;1(1):50-6
references.pmid: 19203129
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 16;102(33):11600-5
references.pmid: 16087878
references.citation: Drugs. 1998 Nov;56(5):747-56
references.pmid: 9829150
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2005 Aug 21;(31):3915-7
references.pmid: 16075070
references.citation: Curr Drug Deliv. 2007 Oct;4(4):297-305
references.pmid: 17979650
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2003 Dec 15;63(24):8977-83
references.pmid: 14695216
references.citation: J Nucl Med. 2007 Jul;48(7):1180-9
references.pmid: 17607040
references.citation: Drug Discov Today. 2005 Jan 1;10(1):35-43
references.pmid: 15676297
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2008 Aug 15;68(16):6652-60
references.pmid: 18701489
references.citation: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001 Mar 23;47(1):113-31
references.pmid: 11251249