title: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factor sera titers in leprosy patients from Mexico.
abstract: Leprosy offers a broad spectrum of altered immunological sceneries, ranging from strong cell-mediated immune responses seen in tuberculoid leprosy (TT), through borderline leprosy (BB), to the virtual absence of T cell responses characteristic in lepromatous leprosy (LL). The exact mechanism of autoantibodies production remains unknown in leprosy and other chronic inflammatory diseases and also the contribution of these antibodies to the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency and profiles of serum anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (a-CCP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and its relationship with leprosy spectrum. Serum samples from 67 leprosy patients (54 LL, 5 TT and 8 BB) and 46 clinically healthy subjects (CHS) from the same endemic region were investigated. The clinical chart and questionnaire were used to obtain clinical information. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (a-CCP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas the rheumatoid factor (RF) levels were measured by nephelometric method. The mean age of patients was 51.5 ± 13 years. Sera levels of a-CCP where higher in leprosy patients than in CHS (5.9 ± 11.6 vs. 0.3 ± 0.29) (P < 0.0001); the same pattern was found for RF sera titers without reaching statistical significance (16.8 ± 22.5 vs. 9.9 ± 3) (P = NS). We did not find a correlation between a-CCP and RF Rho =0.02786 (IC 95%) P = 0.8229. However, LL patients had higher a-CCP and RF levels than TT patients. Although an absence in correlation was observed, the serum levels of a-CCP antibodies and RF appeared to be useful in distinguishing LL from TT patients with a limited significance in detecting reactional leprosy patients.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiologia Clínica, UMAE HE CMNO, IMSS, Av. Juan Palomar y Arias (Antes Yaquis) #658, Col. Providencia, 44670 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
authors.forename: María G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Zavala-Cerna
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fafutis-Morris
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guillen-Vargas
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salazar-Páramo
authors.forename: Diana E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: García-Cruz
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riebeling
authors.forename: Arnulfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nava
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007918:Leprosy / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000276:immunology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C487763:cyclic citrullinated peptide; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor
references.citation: Clin Rheumatol. 2008 Apr;27(4):515-6
references.pmid: 18087761
references.citation: Immunology. 2004 Aug;112(4):674-80
references.pmid: 15270740
references.citation: FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2001 Jul;31(1):53-8
references.pmid: 11476982
references.citation: Clin Rheumatol. 2007 Feb;26(2):208-10
references.pmid: 16572282
references.citation: Clin Rheumatol. 2006 Feb;25(1):101-5
references.pmid: 16247582
references.citation: Rheumatol Int. 2008 Jul;28(9):851-7
references.pmid: 18253737
references.citation: Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2004 Mar-Apr;70(2):76-8
references.pmid: 17642569
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1998 Feb;66(2):499-504
references.pmid: 9453602
references.citation: Hum Pathol. 2007 Jul;38(7):1065-1073
references.pmid: 17442378
references.citation: J Rheumatol. 1987 Feb;14(1):108-10
references.pmid: 3553585
references.citation: Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Feb;25(1):53-61
references.pmid: 16088449
references.citation: J Rheumatol. 1993 May;20(5):900-3
references.pmid: 8336322
references.citation: J Rheumatol. 1985 Aug;12(4):738-41
references.pmid: 3877167
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2008 Aug;118(8):2917-28
references.pmid: 18636118
references.citation: Lancet. 2004 Apr 10;363(9416):1209-19
references.pmid: 15081655
references.citation: J Rheumatol. 1993 May;20(5):904-6
references.pmid: 8336323
references.citation: J Immunol. 2003 Apr 1;170(7):3451-4
references.pmid: 12646604
references.citation: J Immunol. 1992 Aug 15;149(4):1470-5
references.pmid: 1500726
references.citation: J Am Acad Dermatol. 1983 Feb;8(2):182-9
references.pmid: 6219136
references.citation: Br J Rheumatol. 1998 Mar;37(3):270-3
references.pmid: 9566666
references.citation: Lepr Rev. 2007 Sep;78(3):223-30
references.pmid: 18035773
references.citation: Ann Rheum Dis. 2006 Aug;65(8):1110-2
references.pmid: 16361276
references.citation: Rheumatology (Oxford). 2006 Jan;45(1):20-5
references.pmid: 16188946
references.citation: Braz J Med Biol Res. 2008 Nov;41(11):1005-10
references.pmid: 19099154
references.citation: Lepr Rev. 1965 Apr;36:69-71
references.pmid: 14333751
references.citation: Science. 1991 Oct 11;254(5029):277-9
references.pmid: 1925582
references.citation: Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Jun;25(3):271-81
references.pmid: 16088469
references.citation: Scand J Rheumatol Suppl. 1988;75:309-13
references.pmid: 3070728
references.citation: J Immunol. 1986 Jul 1;137(1):i-x
references.pmid: 2423599
references.citation: Lancet. 1973 Jun 30;1(7818):1481-2
references.pmid: 4123144
references.citation: Lepr Rev. 2007 Dec;78(4):317-20
references.pmid: 18309704
references.citation: Lepr Rev. 2004 Mar;75(1):50-6
references.pmid: 15072126