title: Interplay between HIV-1 infection and host microRNAs.
abstract: Using microRNA array analyses of in vitro HIV-1-infected CD4(+) cells, we find that several host microRNAs are significantly up- or downregulated around the time HIV-1 infection peaks in vitro. While microRNA-223 levels were significantly enriched in HIV-1-infected CD4(+)CD8(-) PBMCs, microRNA-29a/b, microRNA-155 and microRNA-21 levels were significantly reduced. Based on the potential for microRNA binding sites in a conserved sequence of the Nef-3'-LTR, several host microRNAs potentially could affect HIV-1 gene expression. Among those microRNAs, the microRNA-29 family has seed complementarity in the HIV-1 3'-UTR, but the potential suppressive effect of microRNA-29 on HIV-1 is severely blocked by the secondary structure of the target region. Our data support a possible regulatory circuit at the peak of HIV-1 replication which involves downregulation of microRNA-29, expression of Nef, the apoptosis of host CD4 cells and upregulation of microRNA-223.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biological Science, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Haitang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Maricela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Covarrubias
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meinking
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luk
authors.forename: Pritsana
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chomchan
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alluin
authors.forename: Adrian F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Gombart
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D002460:Cell Line; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C525067:MIR223, human; C532045:MIRN29a microRNA, human; C514837:nef protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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