title: Enteric parasites in HIV-1/AIDS-infected patients from a Northwestern São Paulo reference unit in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We describe the epidemiology of intestinal parasites in patients from an AIDS reference service in Northeastern São Paulo, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective evaluation was done for all HIV-1/AIDS-positive patients whose Hospital de Base/São José do Rio Preto laboratorial analysis was positive for enteroparasites after diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, from January 1998 to December 2008. Statistical analysis was performed using the R statistical software version 2.4.1. The level of significance adopted was 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent protozoan was Isospora belli (4.2%), followed by Giardia lamblia (3.5%), Entamoeba coli (2.8%), and Cryptosporidium parvum (0.3%). Ancylostoma duodenale (1.4%) was the most frequently detected helminth, while Taenia saginata and Strongiloides stercoralis were found in 0.7% of the samples. The results showed that diarrhea was significantly associated with giardiasis and isosporiasis. However, no association was observed between CD4+ cell counts, viral load, and the characteristics of any particular parasite.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data may be useful for further comparisons with other Brazilian regions and other developing countries. The data may also provide important clues toward improving the understanding, prevention, and control of enteric parasites around the world.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação de Microorganismos, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brasil. lu_famerp@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Luciana Ventura
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Katia Jaira
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Galisteu
authors.forename: Arlindo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schiesari Júnior
authors.forename: Luana Aparecida Oliveira Abou
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Chahla
authors.forename: Rafaela Moreira da Silva
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Canille
authors.forename: Marcus Vinicius Tereza
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Belloto
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Irineu Luiz
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: Andréa Regina Baptista
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rossit
authors.forename: Ricardo Luiz Dantas
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Machado
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000469:parasitology; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006373:Helminthiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D011528:Protozoan Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019562:Viral Load