title: Comparative levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, procalcitonin, osteoprotegerin, interleukin-8, hs-C reactive protein, D-dimer in febrile neutropenia, newly diagnosed cancer patients, and infectious fever.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study is to determine the levels of procalcitonin (PCT), IL-8 (interleukin-8), MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor), osteoprotegerin (OPG), hs-CRP and D-dimer during fever above 38.3°C due to various causes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples taken from a total of consecutive 65 hospitalized patients during fever were prospectively tested for hsCRP, PCT, IL-8, OPG, MIF and D-dimer. Of these patients, there were 26 patients presenting with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia who had no infectious agents found; 23 patients, who had a malignancy with a febrile episode which was neither a microbiologically documented infection nor a chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, and 16 patients who did not have a malignancy and were considered to have a clinically and microbiologically documented infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-8 and D-dimer levels were higher in patients with febrile neutropenia than in the other two groups. Although MIF and OPG were higher in patients with newly diagnosed cancers, there were no differences among the three groups regarding PCT and hs-CRP values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High serum IL-8 and D-dimer levels can be useful markers to identify hospitalized chemotherapy-induced neutropenia patients. MIF and OPG were found to be higher in patients with newly diagnosed cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Izmir Bozyaka Research and Training Hospital, 35380 Bozyaka, Izmir, Turkey. obilgir2001@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bilgir
authors.forename: Ferda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bilgir
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kebapcilar
authors.forename: Giray
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bozkaya
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çalan
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kırbıyık
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.forename: İsmail
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: Tolgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isikyakar
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood*; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C000606589:CALCA protein, human; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D011498:Protein Precursors; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D002116:Calcitonin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide