title: Characterization of NE81, the first lamin-like nucleoskeleton protein in a unicellular organism.
abstract: Lamins build the nuclear lamina and are required for chromatin organization, gene expression, cell cycle progression, and mechanical stabilization. Despite these universal functions, lamins have so far been found only in metazoans. We have identified protein NE81 in Dictyostelium, which has properties that justify its denomination as a lamin-like protein in a lower eukaryote. This is based on its primary structure, subcellular localization, and regulation during mitosis, and its requirement of the C-terminal CaaX box as a posttranslational processing signal for proper localization. Our knockout and overexpression mutants revealed an important role for NE81 in nuclear integrity, chromatin organization, and mechanical stability of cells. All our results are in agreement with a role for NE81 in formation of a nuclear lamina. This function is corroborated by localization of Dictyostelium NE81 at the nuclear envelope in human cells. The discovery of a lamin-like protein in a unicellular organism is not only intriguing in light of evolution, it may also provide a simple experimental platform for studies of the molecular basis of laminopathies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.forename: Petros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Batsios
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luckert
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Reimer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stick
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gräf
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D006801:Humans; D034882:Lamins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D034881:Nuclear Lamina / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054876:Prenylation; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: D034882:Lamins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins
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