title: Etiological and clinical characteristics of lymphadenopathy at child age in Tuzla Canton.
abstract: Lymphadenopathy is defined as an abnormality in the size or character of lymph nodes, is caused by the invasion or propagation of either inflammatory cells or neoplastic cells into the node. Numerous factors, such as age, localization, size and consistency, present and previous pathological conditions are very important in order to define the future diagnostic and therapeutic course.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the etiological and clinical characteristics oflymphadenopathy in children in the area of the Tuzla Canton.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective-prospective study analyzed the medical records of the Department of Pediatrics in Tuzla of 334 patients in age from 0 to 14 years, in which the clinical signs of palpable lymph nodes of one or more regions was diagnosed in the period from January 1st 1998 to June 30th 2003. The anamnesis data, clinical findings, diagnostic procedures results, therapeutic approach and disease outcome etiology defined lymphadenopathy were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 334 children, localized lymphadenopathy have been verified in 230, and generalized in 104. Male/female ratio was 1:1.8. Final results of our study have shown the etiologies as following: Infectious etiologies, 79.34%, neoplastic 11.34%, and non-neoplastic 9.28%. In neoplastic etiologies, lymphoblastic leukemia has been the most often verified neoplastic disease (68.4%), not related to the age or sex of patient, and equally presented as localized and generalized lymphadenopathy. In this study lymphomas were presented by generalized lymphadenopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The regional and generalized lymphadenopathy in children depends on their etiology and has significant prognostic value for the disease.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Clinic, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Trnovac bb, 75000 Tuzla, Bosna i Hercegovina. a_latifagic@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Amila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Latifagic
authors.forename: Ermina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iljazovic
authors.forename: Belkisa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Colic
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mladina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male