title: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of bioactive compounds from Ampelopsis grossedentata stems: process optimization and antioxidant activity.
abstract: Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO(2)) extraction of bioactive compounds including flavonoids and phenolics from Ampelopsis grossedentata stems was carried out. Extraction parameters such as pressure, temperature, dynamic time and modifier, were optimized using an orthogonal array design of L(9) (3(4)), and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and ferrous ion chelating (FIC) assay. The best conditions obtained for SC-CO(2) extraction of flavonoids was 250 bar, 40 °C, 50 min, and with a modifier of methanol/ethanol (1:3, v/v), and that for phenolics extraction was 250 bar, 40 °C, 50 min, and with a modifier of methanol/ethanol (1:1, v/v). Meantime, flavonoids and phenolics were found to be mainly responsible for the DPPH scavenging activity of the extracts, but not for the chelating activity on ferrous ion according to Pearson correlation analysis. Furthermore, several unreported flavonoids such as apigenin, vitexin, luteolin, etc., have been detected in the extracts from A. grossedentata stems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; E-Mails:  tyfwang@gmail.com  (Y.W.);  leying@zju.edu.cn  (L.Y.);  xiaodazi1987@yahoo.cn  (D.S.).
authors.forename: Yuefei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Da
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Shikang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuejin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D032421:Ampelopsis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011312:Pressure; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000431:Ethanol
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