title: Radioprotective effect of Ocimum sanctum and amifostine on the salivary gland of rats after therapeutic radioiodine exposure.
abstract: The current study investigated the radioprotective effect of Ocimum sanctum on the salivary gland of rats administered radioiodine ((131)I) and compared its efficacy with a known radioprotectant, amifostine. The experimental rats were divided in four groups and sacrificed in three different batches at 1, 3, and 6 months of time interval after 18.5 MBq/100g (i.p.) (131)I exposure. Six months duration batch received (131)I exposure twice with the gap of 3 months. Two groups of experimental rats were presupplemented with O. sanctum (40 mg/kg for 5 days, orally) and amifostine (200 mg/kg, s.c) before (131)I exposure separately. Increased Technetium-99m-pertechnetate ((99m)TcO(4)(-)) uptake at 30 minutes post injection in salivary glands of only (131)I exposed rats may imply delay in clearance at 6 months of exposure in comparison to their counterparts sacrificed at 1 month. Parotid gland histology showed atrophy with lipomatosis in only (131)I exposed rats at 3 and 6 months of duration. O. sanctum and amifostine presupplemented and subsequently exposed to (131)I rats at 3 and 6 months duration exhibited comparable histopathology with controls. Our study indicates possible radioprotective effect of O. sanctum and amifostine against high-dose (131)I exposure.
authors.affiliation: Bio-Medical Group, Radiation Medicine Centre, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, C/O Tata Memorial Hospital Annexe, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Lebana J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Uma S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Bhartiya
authors.forename: Yogita S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Raut
authors.forename: Rohini W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hawaldar
authors.forename: Yogendra
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: Yogita P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Pawar
authors.forename: Nirmala A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Jambhekar
authors.forename: M G R
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Rajan
mesh_terms: D004999:Amifostine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031339:Ocimum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D028321:Plant Preparations; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; D004999:Amifostine