title: rAd-p53 enhances the sensitivity of human gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate potential antitumor effects of rAd-p53 by determining if it enhanced sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three gastric cancer cell lines with distinct levels of differentiation were treated with various doses of rAd-p53 alone, oxaliplatin (OXA) alone, or a combination of both. Cell growth was assessed with an 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-diphenytetrazoliumromide assay and the expression levels of p53, Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by immunohistochemistry. The presence of apoptosis and the expression of caspase-3 were determined using flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with rAd-p53 or OXA alone inhibited gastric cancer cell growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner; moreover, significant synergistic effects were observed when these treatments were combined. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that treatment with rAd-p53 alone, OXA alone or combined treatment led to decreased Bcl-2 expression and increased Bax expression in gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry showed that rAd-p53 alone, OXA alone or combination treatment induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, which was accompanied by increased expression of caspase-3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  rAd-p53 enhances the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy by promoting apoptosis. Thus, our results suggest that p53 gene therapy combined with chemotherapy represents a novel avenue for gastric cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China. gx_chen2008@yahoo.cn
authors.forename: Guang-Xia
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-Hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Shi-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D053148:Caspase 3
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