title: Ginsenoside-Rd potentiates apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide in basilar artery smooth muscle cells through the mitochondrial pathway.
abstract: Our previous studies showed that ginsenoside-Rd, a purified component from Panax notoginseng, inhibited cell proliferation and reversed basilar artery remodeling. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ginsenoside- Rd influences H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis in basilar artery smooth muscle cells (BASMCs). The results showed that ginsenoside-Rd significantly potentiated H(2)O(2)-induced cell death and cell apoptosis. This resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction of the cell viability. Ginsenoside-Rd further increased cytochrome C release and caspase-9/caspase-3 activations, and reduced the stability of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax. Cyclosporine A, an inhibitor of mitochondrial-permeability transition, inhibited alteration of mitochondrial permeability induced by H(2)O(2) and reversed the effect of ginsenoside-Rd on MMP. Our data strongly suggest that ginsenoside-Rd potentiated H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis of BASMCs through the mitochondria-dependent pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Research Center, 510080, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shi-Yang
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Ming
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yan-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Xiao-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Jia-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yong-Bo
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yong-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C494828:Bax protein, rat; D036145:Ginsenosides; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C049863:ginsenoside Rd