title: Bioavailability of phytochemical constituents from a novel soy fortified lycopene rich tomato juice developed for targeted cancer prevention trials.
abstract: Studies suggest that tomato and soy foods may contribute to a lower risk of certain cancers. We developed a novel soy germ tomato juice to be used in controlled cancer prevention trials. This study describes an initial test of compliance, phytochemical bioavailability, and effects on biomarkers of blood lipids. Healthy men and women (n = 18) consumed a soy germ-fortified juice daily (300 mL supplying 66 mg isoflavones and 22 mg lycopene) for 8 wk. A single-dose bioavailability study was completed on day 1 and isoflavones in plasma and urine, and lycopene in the plasma, were measured. All subjects completed the trial, with 97.7% ± 3.5% (mean ± SD) of the scheduled juice consumed. No adverse effects were documented. The postprandial study indicated that 3.1% ± 2.3% of lycopene was absorbed and that 49.3% ± 12.1% isoflavones ingested were recovered in 24-h urines. Lycopene plasma concentration changed from 0.60 ± 0.22 to 1.24 ± 0.30 μmol/L during 8 wk of consumption. Juice consumption significantly improved resistance of LDL+VLDL-C to Cu(2+)-mediated oxidation (P = 0.039), HDL-C (47.3 ± 15.8 to 51.7 ± 14.8 mg/dL, P < 0.001), and the ratio of total-C/HDL-C (4.25 ± 1.59 to 3.63 ± 1.16, P < 0.001) at 8 wk. A well-characterized soy-fortified tomato juice can be produced in large scale for multiinstitutional long-term cancer prevention trials and showed excellent compliance with no toxicity, while demonstrating absorption of biologically active phytochemicals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. bohn@lippmann.lu
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bohn
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blackwood
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Qingguo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Clinton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001628:Beverages; D001682:Biological Availability; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D045730:Soy Foods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007529:Isoflavones; D014280:Triglycerides; D002338:Carotenoids; D024505:Tocopherols; D000077276:Lycopene
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