title: Dental erosion and salivary flow rate in cerebral palsy individuals with gastroesophageal reflux.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) has been observed in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). One of the main risks for dental erosion is GERD. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of GERD, variables related to dental erosion and associated with GERD (diet consumption, gastrointestinal symptoms, bruxism), and salivary flow rate, in a group of 46 non-institutionalized CP individuals aged from 3 to 13 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty CP individuals with gastroesophageal reflux (GERDG) and 26 without gastroesophageal reflux (CG) were examined according to dental erosion criteria, drinking habits, presence of bruxism, and salivary flow rate. A face-to-face detailed questionnaire with the consumption and frequency of acid drinks, gastrointestinal symptoms (regurgitation and heart burn), and the presence of bruxism were answered by the caregivers of both groups. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected under slight suction, and salivary flow rate (ml/min) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The GERDG presented higher percentages of younger quadriplegics individuals compared to CG. The presence of regurgitation, heart burn, and tooth erosion (Grade 1) was significantly more prevalent in GERDG. It was observed difference in the salivary flow rate between the studied groups. On logistic multivariate regression analysis, the unique variable independently associated with the presence of GERD was dental erosion (P = 0.012, OR 86.64).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of GERD contributes significantly to dental erosion in the most compromised individuals with quadriplegics cerebral palsy individuals, increasing the risk of oral disease in this population.
authors.affiliation: Cruzeiro do Sul University - UNICSUL, São Paulo, Brazil Paulista University - UNIP, São Paulo, Brazil. renataguare@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Renata O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Guaré
authors.forename: Maria C D
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Mariana F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Jonas A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lussi
authors.forename: Maria T B R
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000150:complications*; D012472:Salivation; D012636:Secretory Rate; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000150:complications*