title: Plasma from the second and third weeks after open colorectal resection for cancer stimulates in vitro endothelial cell growth, migration, and invasion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiogenesis is central to wound healing and tumor growth. Postoperative (postop) plasma from weeks 2 and 3 after minimally invasive colorectal resection (MICR) stimulates endothelial cell (EC) migration (MIG), invasion (INV), and proliferation (all vital to angiogenesis) compared with preoperative (preop) plasma results and may promote postop tumor growth. The purpose of this study was to determine whether plasma from open colorectal resection (OCR) patients has similar proangiogenic EC effects in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  OCR cancer patient plasma from institutional review board-approved banks was used; patients with preop and one postop sample from postoperative days (POD) 7-33 were eligible. Samples were bundled into 7- to 13-day periods and considered as single time points. In vitro cultures of human umbilical venous ECs were used for the EC proliferation (BPF, Branch Point Formation), INV, and MIG assays performed with preop, POD 7-13, POD 14-20, and POD 21-33 plasma. Data were analyzed by paired t test and were reported as mean ± standard deviation (significance, P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma from 53 cancer patients (25 rectal and 28 colon) was used. Because of limited postop samples, the number for each time point varies: POD 7-13, n = 30; POD 14-20, n = 26; and POD 21-33, n = 17. In vitro EC BPF was significantly greater at the POD 7-13 (P < 0.0001) and POD 14-20 (P < 0.0001) time points versus preop results. Significantly greater EC INV and MIG were noted on POD 7-13 and POD 14-20 versus the preop plasma results (P < 0.0001). In regards to POD 21-33, a significantly greater result was noted only for the INV assay versus preop.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma from weeks 2 and 3 after OCR stimulates in vitro EC BPF, INV, and MIG. A significant difference from preop baseline was noted only for the INV assay in week 4. The OCR and previous MICR results were largely similar. Tumor angiogenesis may be stimulated after OCR and MICR for 3 weeks. Further studies are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, St Luke-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Suite 7B, 425 West, 59th Street, New York, NY 10019, USA.
authors.forename: H M C
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shantha Kumara
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kirchoff
authors.forename: Samer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naffouje
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grieco
authors.forename: Sonali A C
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Herath
authors.forename: Nadav
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dujovny
authors.forename: Matthew F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kalady
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Njoh
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Whelan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003082:Colectomy; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D010949:Plasma / Q000502:physiology*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors
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