title: Corpus callosum microstructural changes correlate with cognitive dysfunction in early stages of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: axial and radial diffusivities approach.
abstract: The corpus callosum is the largest fiber bundle in the central nervous system and it takes part in several cognitive pathways. It can be affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) early in the disease. DTI is capable of infering the microstructural organization of the white matter. The vectorial analysis of the DTI offers the more specific indices of axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD), which have shown to be useful to discriminate myelin damage from axon loss, respectively. This study presents DTI results (mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), RD, and AD) of 23 relapsing-remitting MS patients and its correlation with cognitive performance. There were 47.8% of cognitive impaired patients (MS CI). We found signs of demyelination, reflected by increased RD, and incipient axon loss, reflected by AD increase, which was slightly higher in the MS CI. The cognitive changes correlated with the DTI parameters, suggesting that loss of complexity in CC connections can impair neural conduction. Thus, cognitive impairment can be related to callosal disconnection, and DTI can be a promising tool to evaluate those changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-44), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (FM-USP), 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina de Medeiros
authors.initials: Cde M
authors.lastname: Rimkus
authors.forename: Thiago de Faria
authors.initials: Tde F
authors.lastname: Junqueira
authors.forename: Katarina Paz
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lyra
authors.forename: Marcel P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jackowski
authors.forename: Melissa A R
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Eliane C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Miotto
authors.forename: Dagoberto
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Callegaro
authors.forename: Maria Concepción García
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Otaduy
authors.forename: Claudia da Costa
authors.initials: Cda C
authors.lastname: Leite
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