title: Association of family history of ESRD, prevalent albuminuria, and reduced GFR with incident ESRD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The contribution of albuminuria to the increased risk of incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in individuals with a family history of ESRD has not been well studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study. STUDY SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: We analyzed data for family history of ESRD collected from 19,409 participants of the Renal REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Family history of ESRD was ascertained by asking "Has anyone in your immediate family ever been told that he or she had kidney failure? This would be someone who is on or had been on dialysis or someone who had a kidney transplant."
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence rate for ESRD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Morning urine albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Incident cases of ESRD were identified through the US Renal Data System.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A family history of ESRD was reported by 11.1% of participants. Mean eGFRs for those with and without a family history of ESRD were 87.5 ± 22.2 (SD) and 86.5 ± 19.3 mL/min/1.73 m(2), respectively (P = 0.05) and the respective geometric mean ACRs were 12.2 and 9.7 mg/g (P < 0.001). ESRD incidence rates for those with and without a family history of ESRD were 244.3 and 106.1/100,000 person-years, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, and race, the ESRD HR for those with versus those without a family history of ESRD was 2.13 (95% CI, 1.18-3.83). Adjustment for comorbid conditions and socioeconomic status attenuated this association (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.00-3.28), and further adjustment for baseline eGFR and ACR completely attenuated the association between family history of ESRD and incident ESRD (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.69-1.80).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The report of a family history of ESRD was not validated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family history of ESRD is common in older Americans and the increased risk of ESRD associated with a family history reflects lower GFR, higher albuminuria, and comorbid conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30220, USA. wmcclel@sph.emory.edu
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: McClellan
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Warnock
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Judd
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muntner
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Patzer
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Bradbury
authors.forename: Leslie A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: McClure
authors.forename: Britt B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Newsome
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
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