title: Parental feeding practices and socioeconomic status are associated with child adiposity in a multi-ethnic sample of children.
abstract: Parental feeding practices have been associated with children's weight status, but results have been inconsistent across populations. Research is needed to elucidate the relationship between parental feeding practices and adiposity in diverse populations. The present study tested if: (1) parental feeding practices differed by race/ethnicity, (2) parental pressure to eat and parental restriction were associated with adiposity levels, and (3) to investigate the relationship between parental feeding practices and/or child adiposity with socioeconomic status (SES). Structural equations modeling was conducted to test the model in 267 children aged 7-12 years self-identified as African American (AA), European American (EA), or Hispanic American (HA) from economically diverse backgrounds. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography scanning were used to determine body composition and abdominal fat distribution, respectively. Parental restriction was a significant predictor of child adiposity while parental pressure to eat had an inverse relationship with child adiposity. HA parents reported significantly higher levels of restriction and pressure to eat, whereas EA parents reported the lowest. SES was positively associated with child adiposity and inversely related to parental restriction and pressure to eat. Thus, parental feeding practices differ across racial/ethnic groups and SES and may contribute to population differences in child adiposity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Blvd., Webb 415, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA. mcardel@uab.edu
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cardel
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Willig
authors.forename: Akilah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dulin-Keita
authors.forename: Krista
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Casazza
authors.forename: T Mark
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Beasley
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fernández
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat; D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity / Q000208:ethnology*; D001741:Black or African American; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004435:Eating; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016487:Parenting; D010290:Parents; D015995:Prevalence; D012923:Social Class; D044465:White People
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