title: CDKB2 is involved in mitosis and DNA damage response in rice.
abstract: DNA damage checkpoints delay mitotic cell-cycle progression in response to DNA stress, stalling the cell cycle to allow time for repair. CDKB is a plant-specific cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) that is required for the G₂/M transition of the cell cycle. In Arabidopsis, DNA damage leads the degradation of CDKB2, and the subsequent G₂ arrest gives cells time to repair damaged DNA. G₂ arrest also triggers transition from the mitotic cycle to endoreduplication, leading to the presence of polyploid cells in many tissues. In contrast, in rice (Oryza sativa), polyploid cells are found only in the endosperm. It was unclear whether endoreduplication contributes to alleviating DNA damage in rice (Oryza sativa). Here, we show that DNA damage neither down-regulates Orysa;CDKB2;1 nor induces endoreduplication in rice. Furthermore, we found increased levels of Orysa;CDKB2;1 protein upon DNA damage. These results suggest that CDKB2 functions differently in Arabidopsis and rice in response to DNA damage. Arabidopsis may adopt endoreduplication as a survival strategy under genotoxic stress conditions, but rice may enhance DNA repair capacity upon genotoxic stress. In addition, polyploid cells due to endomitosis were present in CDKB2;1 knockdown rice, suggesting an important role for Orysa;CDKB2;1 during mitosis.
authors.affiliation: Plant Genome Engineering Research Unit, Agrogenomics Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2-1-2 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Chikage
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Umeda-Hara
authors.forename: Namie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohtsuki
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saika
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toki
mesh_terms: D060054:Agrobacterium / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D020552:Comet Assay; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage; D056625:Endosperm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D008938:Mitosis; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011123:Polyploidy; D034622:RNA Interference; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010940:Plant Proteins; D001761:Bleomycin; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase
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