title: Mechanism of visceral fat reduction in Tsumura Suzuki obese, diabetes (TSOD) mice orally administered β-cryptoxanthin from Satsuma mandarin oranges (Citrus unshiu Marc).
abstract: The carotenoid β-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX) is abundant in Satsuma mandarins (Citrus unshiu Marc). Several studies have shown a relationship between Satsuma mandarin consumption and a low risk of several diseases, for example, diabetes, gout, and hypertension, suggesting β-CRX involvement in disease prevention. We investigated the effect of β-CRX on mildly obese males. β-CRX administration reduced visceral adipose tissue, body weight, and abdominal circumference. However, the detailed mechanism by which β-CRX mediates these changes remains unknown. To identify this mechanism, we used an obese model mouse (TSOD). Oral β-CRX administration repressed body weight, abdominal adipose tissue weight, and serum lipid concentrations in TSOD; these results are identical to previous human trial results. β-CRX administration significantly repressed adipocyte hypertrophy. Gene expression analysis strongly indicated that β-CRX can alter cytokine secretion and cell proliferation. These results suggest that β-CRX derived from Satsuma mandarins can help prevent obesity by repressing hypertrophy of abdominal adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: R&D Center, UNITIKA Ltd., 23 Uji-Kozakura, Uji, Kyoto 611-0021, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takayanagi
authors.forename: Sho-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shirakura
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Toshie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokuji
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000473:pathology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D024341:Xanthophylls