title: Effect of fruit and vegetable intake on oxidative stress and inflammation in COPD: a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: Epidemiological evidence supports a positive relationship between fruit and vegetable (FV) intake, lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Increasing FV intake may attenuate the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with COPD. An exploratory randomised controlled trial to examine the effect of increased consumption of FV on oxidative stress and inflammation in moderate-to-severe COPD was conducted. 81 symptomatically stable patients with a habitually low FV intake (two or fewer portions of FV per day) were randomised to the intervention group (five or more portions of FV per day) or the control group (two or fewer portions of FV per day). Each participant received self-selected weekly home deliveries of FV for 12 weeks. 75 participants completed the intervention. There was a significant between-group change in self-reported FV intake and biomarkers of FV intake (zeaxanthin (p = 0.034) and β-cryptoxanthin (p = 0.015)), indicating good compliance; post-intervention intakes in intervention and control groups were 6.1 and 1.9 portions of FV per day, respectively. There were no significant changes in biomarkers of airway inflammation (interleukin-8 and myeloperoxidase) and systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein) or airway and systemic oxidative stress (8-isoprostane). This exploratory study demonstrated that patients with moderate-to-severe COPD were able to comply with an intervention to increase FV intake; however, this had no significant effect on airway or systemic oxidative stress and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: Francina R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Baldrick
authors.forename: J Stuart
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Elborn
authors.forename: Jayne V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Woodside
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Treacy
authors.forename: Judy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Chris C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Bettina C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Schock
authors.forename: Madeleine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ennis
authors.forename: Ian S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Michelle C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: McKinley
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D004032:Diet; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010349:Patient Compliance; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013183:Sputum / Q000737:chemistry; D014675:Vegetables; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000097:blood; D065146:Zeaxanthins
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015237:Dinoprost; D009195:Peroxidase