title: A noncontact laser-guided system for endoscopic computer-assisted sinus surgery.
abstract: The limited size of the nose leads to frequent instrument changes in navigated endonasal sinus surgery. Tracked instruments provide limited accuracy, and the pointer gives no navigation information during tissue removal. To overcome information loss, laser triangulation was integrated into navigation information. Accuracy and reliability of the laser-assisted distance-measuring system were evaluated within the distance of 0 and 20 mm. System accuracy of the laser endoscope was compared with a standard pointer using registration via bone screws and surface matching. Accuracy of the laser was 0.12 mm ± 0.12 mm with a reliability of 0.2 mm. The system accuracy of the laser endoscope was 0.59 mm ± 0.16 mm using bone screw registration and 0.64 mm ± 0.22 mm using surface matching. Additionally, laser endoscope is more accurate compared with the pointer using bone screw registration. Overall, navigation information was successfully integrated into an endoscope by laser triangulation with encouraging results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. martin.khan@charite.de
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Barotsz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kosmecki
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reutter
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Keeve
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Olze
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001863:Bone Screws; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed