title: Allogenic serum improves cold preservation of osteochondral allografts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although several types of culture medium have been used for preservation of osteochondral allografts, the viability of chondrocytes decreases with increasing storage duration. We previously showed the University of Wisconsin solution is more suitable for graft preservation than culture medium.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We determined whether the addition of allogenic serum to University of Wisconsin solution increases chondrocyte survival during prolonged storage of osteochondral allografts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Osteochondral tissue samples harvested from the distal femora of rats were preserved in University of Wisconsin solution supplemented with 0%, 1%, 10%, and 50% allogenic serum at 4 °C for 14 days. Cell viability and chondrocyte degenerative changes of the samples then were assessed using a tetrazolium assay and histologic methods. We also evaluated time-dependent changes in cell viability and histologic findings of samples preserved for 7, 14, and 21 days in University of Wisconsin solution supplemented with or without 10% allogenic serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 14 days of preservation, osteochondral tissue samples maintained in University of Wisconsin solution containing 10% or greater allogenic serum exhibited the highest cell viability and lowest degenerative changes in chondrocytes. In the evaluation of time-dependent changes, we found the chondrocyte degenerative changes were greater in cartilage preserved in University of Wisconsin solution alone than in University of Wisconsin solution containing 10% allogenic serum after day 7 or later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest the addition of 10% allogenic serum to University of Wisconsin solution enhances viability of osteochondral tissue samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of allogenic serum-supplemented University of Wisconsin solution is expected to prolong the duration of osteochondral allograft storage and result in higher-quality grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan. onuma@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Onuma
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Urabe
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naruse
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Moritoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itoman
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine; D000493:Allopurinol; D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D002470:Cell Survival; D019902:Chondrocytes; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005978:Glutathione; D007328:Insulin; D008297:Male; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D011887:Raffinose; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044967:Serum; D014021:Tissue Preservation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; C055206:University of Wisconsin-lactobionate solution; D000493:Allopurinol; D005978:Glutathione; D000241:Adenosine; D011887:Raffinose
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