title: Clinical significance of Zinc finger E-box Binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) in human gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Zinc finger E-box Binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) encodes a transcription factor and is one of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-inducible genes that play a key role in tumor progression in various cancers. The aim of this study is to clarify the clinical significance of ZEB1 expression in gastric cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-four patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer were evaluated. We analyzed ZEB1 mRNA levels by real-time reverse transcription PCR in gastric cancer tissue and adjacent normal mucosa. ZEB1 protein expression in primary cancer and in peritoneal dissemination samples was measured using immunohistochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of the ZEB1 gene was significantly higher in cancerous tissue than in adjacent normal mucosa. Increased ZEB1 expression was significantly associated with peritoneal dissemination, and was an independent prognostic factor. Logistic regression analysis revealed that increased ZEB1 expression was an independent risk factor for peritoneal dissemination. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that ZEB1 was intensely expressed in both primary cancer and peritoneal dissemination samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ZEB1 is an independent factor for peritoneal dissemination in patients with gastric cancer, and may therefore play a key role in the progression to peritoneal dissemination in gastric cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Division of Reparative Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinaga
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okugawa
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toiyama
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsusita
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujikawa
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saigusa
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohi
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; C486307:ZEB1 protein, human; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1