title: Radioactivity of sand, groundwater and wild plants in northeast Sinai, Egypt.
abstract: The radioactivity levels are poorly studied in non-coastal arid regions. For this reason, 38 locations covering an area of about 350 km(2) in northeast Sinai, Egypt, were investigated by γ-ray spectroscopy. Moderately significant correlations among (238)U, (234)Th, and (226)Ra isotopes and low significant correlations between the concentrations of (238)U-series and (232)Th in sand were obtained. No evidence of correlation was found between the concentrations of radioisotopes and pH, grain size, total organic matter content, bicarbonate or calcium carbonate concentrations of the sand samples. The mean values of soil-to-plant transfer factor were 0.15, 0.18, 1.52 and 0.74 for (226)Ra, (232)Th, (40)K, and (137)Cs, respectively. The range of concentrations of (226)Ra,( 232)Th, and (40)K in water samples collected from five wells were<0.4-0.16,<0.4-0.13, and<0.15-1.62 Bq l(-1), respectively. The mean absorbed dose rate in outdoor air at a height of 1 m above the ground surface for the sand samples was 19.4 nGy h(-1). The Ra(eq) activities of the sands are lower than the recommended maximum value of 370 Bq kg(-1) criterion limit for building materials.
authors.affiliation: Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
authors.forename: Khaled A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ramadan
authors.forename: Mostafa K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Seddeek
authors.forename: Abdelkareem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nijim
authors.forename: Taher
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharshar
authors.forename: Hussein M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Badran
mesh_terms: D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis; D004534:Egypt; D060587:Groundwater / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D011851:Radioactivity; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D012822:Silicon Dioxide