title: Recent advances in the design and synthesis of prednisolone and methylprednisolone conjugates.
abstract: Glucocorticoid drugs are commonly used in the treatment of many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, application of these steroids is limited because of their physico-chemical properties, such as very low water solubility. Glucocorticoids also exhibit serious adverse side effects. Therefore, new drug delivery systems are being developed, with the aim of improving the physicochemical properties of glucocorticoids while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with systemic administration. Here we discuss the design and synthesis of conjugates of prednisolone (PD), methylprednisolone (MPD) and similar glucocorticoids. In this review, possibilities for targeting inflammatory sites, and reducing dosages and administration frequency through increasing drug circulation time are discussed. This review summarises synthetic approaches for the preparation of covalent conjugates, which are divided into two groups: low molecular weight conjugates and polymeric conjugates. These two groups are further divided into subgroups based on the chemical structure of the conjugates. Published results from in vitro and in vivo testing of prepared conjugates are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Eliska
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bílková
authors.forename: Ale
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imramovský
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sedlák
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D011355:Prodrugs; D011239:Prednisolone; D008775:Methylprednisolone