title: Effect of vitamin supplementation on lung injury and running performance in a hot, humid, and ozone-polluted environment.
abstract: In this study, the effect of vitamin C and E supplementation on lung injury and performance of runners were analyzed. Using a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design, nine runners participated in two experimental trials: a 2-week Vitamin trial (vitamin C = 500  mg/day + vitamin E = 100  IU/day) and a 2-week Placebo trial. At the end of each supplementation period the runners performed an 8-km time-trial run in a hot (31°C), humid (70% rh), and ozone-polluted (0.10  ppm O(3)) environmental chamber. Nasal lavage and blood samples were collected pre-, post-, and 6-h post-exercise to assess antioxidant status and CC16 as lung injury marker. Higher plasma (pre- and post-exercise) and nasal lavage (post-exercise) antioxidant concentration were found for the Vitamin trial. Nevertheless, this did not result in performance differences (Vitamin trial: 31:05  min; Placebo trial: 31:54  min; P = 0.075) even though significant positive correlations were found between antioxidant concentration and improvement in time to complete the run. CC16 was higher post-exercise in the Placebo trial (P < 0.01) in both plasma and nasal lavage. These findings suggest that antioxidant supplementation might help to decrease the lung injury response of runners when exercising in adverse conditions, but has little effect on performance.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil. elisacoutogomes@gmail.com
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Allgrove
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Florida-James
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D054874:Athletic Performance; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012420:Running; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C556389:SCGB1A1 protein, human; D014810:Vitamin E; D010126:Ozone; D014598:Uteroglobin; D001205:Ascorbic Acid