title: Identification of markers of prostate cancer progression using candidate gene expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has no curative treatment options. Some forms of PCa are indolent and slow growing, while others metastasise quickly and may prove fatal within a very short time. The basis of this variable prognosis is poorly understood, despite considerable research. The aim of this study was to identify markers associated with the progression of PCa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Artificial neuronal network analysis combined with data from literature and previous work produced a panel of putative PCa progression markers, which were used in a transcriptomic analysis of 29 radical prostatectomy samples and correlated with clinical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis yielded seven putative markers of PCa progression, ANPEP, ABL1, PSCA, EFNA1, HSPB1, INMT and TRIP13. Two data transformation methods were utilised with only markers that were significant in both selected for further analysis. ANPEP and EFNA1 were significantly correlated with Gleason score. Models of progression co-utilising markers ANPEP and ABL1 or ANPEP and PSCA had the ability to correctly predict indolent or aggressive disease, based on Gleason score, in 89.7% and 86.2% of cases, respectively. Another model of TRIP13 expression in combination with preoperative PSA level and Gleason score was able to correctly predict recurrence in 85.7% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This proof of principle study demonstrates a novel association of carcinogenic and tumourigenic gene expression with PCa stage and prognosis.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, St Michaels Building, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK. S.Larkin@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: S E T
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Larkin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Cree
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Basketter
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bickers
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Garbis
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aukim-Hastie
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
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