title: No primexine and plasma membrane undulation is essential for primexine deposition and plasma membrane undulation during microsporogenesis in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Primexine deposition and plasma membrane undulation are the initial steps of pollen wall formation. However, little is known about the genes involved in this important biological process. Here, we report a novel gene, NO PRIMEXINE AND PLASMA MEMBRANE UNDULATION (NPU), which functions in the early stage of pollen wall development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Loss of NPU function causes male sterility due to a defect in callose synthesis and sporopollenin deposition, resulting in disrupted pollen in npu mutants. Transmission electronic microscopy observation demonstrated that primexine deposition and plasma membrane undulation are completely absent in the npu mutants. NPU encodes a membrane protein with two transmembrane domains and one intracellular domain. In situ hybridization analysis revealed that NPU is strongly expressed in microspores and the tapetum during the tetrad stage. All these results together indicate that NPU plays a vital role in primexine deposition and plasma membrane undulation during early pollen wall development.
authors.affiliation: College of Life and Environment Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Shuang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yu-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhi-Hao
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Xiao-Lei
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhong-Nan
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001704:Biopolymers; D002338:Carotenoids; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D056130:Gametogenesis, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005936:Glucans / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008540:Meiosis; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D051479:Plant Infertility / Q000235:genetics; D011058:Pollen / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001704:Biopolymers; D005936:Glucans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C572708:NPU protein, Arabidopsis; C009800:sporopollenin; D002338:Carotenoids; C048306:callose
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