title: Dietary sardine protein lowers insulin resistance, leptin and TNF-α             and beneficially affects adipose tissue oxidative stress in rats with fructose-induced             metabolic syndrome.
abstract: The present study aims at exploring the effects of sardine protein on insulin             resistance, plasma lipid profile, as well as oxidative and inflammatory status             in rats with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome. Rats were fed sardine protein             (S) or casein (C) diets supplemented or not with high-fructose (HF) for 2 months.             Rats fed the HF diets had greater body weight and adiposity and lower food intake             as compared to control rats. Increased plasma glucose, insulin, HbA1C, triacylglycerols,             free fatty acids and impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance was observed             in HF-fed rats. Moreover, a decline in adipose tissues antioxidant status and             a rise in lipid peroxidation and plasma TNF-α and fibrinogen were noted. Rats             fed sardine protein diets exhibited lower food intake and fat mass than those             fed casein diets. Sardine protein diets diminished plasma insulin and insulin             resistance. Plasma triacylglycerol and free fatty acids were also lower, while             those of α-tocopherol, taurine and calcium were enhanced as compared to casein             diets. Moreover, S-HF diet significantly decreased plasma glucose and HbA1C. Sardine             protein consumption lowered hydroperoxide levels in perirenal and brown adipose             tissues. The S-HF diet, as compared to C-HF diet decreased epididymal hydroperoxides.             Feeding sardine protein diets decreased brown adipose tissue carbonyls and increased             glutathione peroxidase activity. Perirenal and epididymal superoxide dismutase             and catalase activities and brown catalase activity were significantly greater             in S-HF group than in C-HF group. Sardine protein diets also prevented hyperleptinemia             and reduced inflammatory status in comparison with rats fed casein diets. Taken             together, these results support the beneficial effect of sardine protein in fructose-induced             metabolic syndrome on such variables as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia             and oxidative and inflammatory status, suggesting the possible use of sardine             protein as a protective strategy against insulin resistance and related situations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Es-Sénia University, Oran, Algeria.
authors.forename: Zohra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Madani
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Louchami
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sener
authors.forename: Willy J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Malaisse
authors.forename: Dalila
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ait Yahia
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004435:Eating; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005632:Fructose; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D029941:Fish Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005632:Fructose