title: Quantifying killing of orangutans and human-orangutan conflict in Kalimantan, Indonesia.
abstract: Human-orangutan conflict and hunting are thought to pose a serious threat to orangutan existence in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. No data existed prior to the present study to substantiate these threats. We investigated the rates, spatial distribution and causes of conflict and hunting through an interview-based survey in the orangutan's range in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Between April 2008 and September 2009, we interviewed 6983 respondents in 687 villages to obtain socio-economic information, assess knowledge of local wildlife in general and orangutan encounters specifically, and to query respondents about their knowledge on orangutan conflicts and killing, and relevant laws. This survey revealed estimated killing rates of between 750 and 1800 animals killed in the last year, and between 1950 and 3100 animals killed per year on average within the lifetime of the survey respondents. These killing rates are higher than previously thought and are high enough to pose a serious threat to the continued existence of orangutans in Kalimantan. Importantly, the study contributes to our understanding of the spatial variation in threats, and the underlying causes of those threats, which can be used to facilitate the development of targeted conservation management.
authors.affiliation: People and Nature Consulting International, Jakarta, Indonesia. emeijaard@gmail.com
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meijaard
authors.forename: Damayanti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buchori
authors.forename: Yokyok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hadiprakarsa
authors.forename: Sri Suci
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Utami-Atmoko
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nurcahyo
authors.forename: Albertus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tjiu
authors.forename: Didik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prasetyo
authors.lastname: Nardiyono
authors.forename: Lenny
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Christie
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ancrenaz
authors.forename: Firman
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abadi
authors.forename: I Nyoman Gede
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Antoni
authors.forename: Dedy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armayadi
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dinato
authors.lastname: Ella
authors.forename: Pajar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gumelar
authors.forename: Tito P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Indrawan
authors.lastname: Kussaritano
authors.forename: Cecep
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Munajat
authors.forename: C Wawan Puji
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Priyono
authors.forename: Yadi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Purwanto
authors.forename: Dewi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puspitasari
authors.forename: M Syukur Wahyu
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Putra
authors.forename: Abdi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahmat
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ramadani
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sammy
authors.forename: Dedi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Siswanto
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Syamsuri
authors.forename: Noviar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Andayani
authors.forename: Huanhuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jessie Anne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Kerrie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mengersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001893:Borneo; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D057079:Pongo
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