title: Serum cytokine levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B according to lamivudine therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cytokines are known to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, the relationship between cytokines and treatment responses to drugs for CHB is not clearly defined yet. We measured the serum cytokine levels of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-α), macrophage/monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and epidermal growth factor to elucidate the cytokine expression pattern according to the patients' responses to lamivudine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight specimens from 27 CHB patients and 98 specimens from healthy individuals were tested for 12 kinds of cytokines. The patients were grouped as: before treatment, ongoing treatment, duringmaintaining remission, and patients with viral breakthrough owing to resistance against lamivudine. The Evidence Investigator (Randox, Antrim, UK), a protein chip analyzer, was used to quantify serum cytokines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 12 cytokines, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α were significantly elevated in patients with resistance against lamivudine compared with patients maintaining response. IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α levels also weak to moderate correlated with ALT and HBV-DNA concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum cytokine levels would reflect the pathological differences of the individual treatment phases and may become useful indices in monitoring the treatment response of CHB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Younhee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yongjung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kwang-Hyub
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hyon-Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D004279:DNA, Viral; D019259:Lamivudine; D000410:Alanine Transaminase
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