title: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy complications in 671 consecutive patients: a single-center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate major and minor complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and their management in our consecutive cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed medical records of 671 patients who had undergone PCNL in our center from March 2000 to March 2006. The demographic data, stone parameters, PCNL complications, and stone-free rate were evaluated. Multiple parameters were evaluated for their association with PCNL complications using Chi-Square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complications occurred in 203 (30.3%) patients; renal parenchymal injury in 103 (15.4%), peri-operative bleeding in 42 (6.3%), late bleeding in 6 (0.9%), renal collecting ducts injury in 35 (5.2%), fever in 7 (1.0%), colon perforation in 2 (0.3%), major vessels injury in 3 (0.4%), pneumothorax in 3 (0.4%), and hemothorax in 2 (0.3%) subjects. Mortality occurred in 1 patient with colon perforation (0.15%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous nephrolithotomy has low complication rate in experienced hands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Habibollah
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mousavi-Bahar
authors.forename: Sasan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehrabi
authors.forename: Mohammad Kazem
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Moslemi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult