title: Effects of high-fat diet on plasma lipids, adiposity, and inflammatory markers in ovariectomized C57BL/6 mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that a high-fat (HF) diet aggravates ovariectomy-related complications. To test this hypothesis, ovariectomized (OVX) mice were fed a HF diet, and we investigated the lipid metabolism, adipose tissue remodeling, adipokines, and inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the situation in a mouse model of ovariectomy, OVX and SHAM C57BL/6 mice fed a HF diet (60% fat) or standard chow (SC, 10% fat) were monitored for 18 wk. We evaluated daily food intake and weekly body weight. Mice were killed at 30 wk of age. Blood samples and adipose tissue were collected for biochemical, histologic, and molecular analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OVX groups showed atrophied uterus compared to the SHAM groups, ensuring the success of surgically induced menopause. Despite lower food intake, OVX-HF mice gained about 52% more weight and had heavier total body fats, especially in relation to ovarian fat pad (372%)-a visceral fat which is associated with increased pathogenicity in obesity, and showed larger adipocytes (30%) when compared to OVX-SC mice. Biochemical analysis showed that the OVX-HF mice had increased levels of serum total cholesterol (51%), greater serum triglycerides (158%), lower serum adiponectin (40%), and higher plasma leptin (323%) than OVX-SC mice. The obese group (OVX-HF) also had higher IL-6 levels than both SHAM-HF (241%) and OVX-SC mice (870%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OVX C57BL/6 mice fed HF diet had greater adipose fat pad, larger adipocytes, and increased inflammatory markers, reinforcing the idea that a HF diet aggravates the complications of ovariectomy-associated inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ludgero-Correia
authors.forename: Marcia B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Aguila
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mandarim-de-Lacerda
authors.forename: Tatiane S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Faria
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol