title: A functional polymer designed for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Most synthetic polymers lack biological and chemical functionalities. This lack of functionality restricts the polymer properties and prevents them from controlling specific cell-material interactions. Polymers with free functional groups allow facile modifications, which can be used to control the biointerface. Here we created a functionalizable polymer, poly(fumaroyl bioxirane) maleate (PFM), with three free functional groups--hydroxyl, carboxyl and alkenyl--for bone tissue engineering. PFM was readily synthesized in two steps. PFM showed strain-dependent moduli with mechanical strength approaching native bones. PFM supported the adhesion, spreading, proliferation, and maturity of rat calvarial osteoblasts. The alkaline phosphatase activity of osteoblasts on PFM was significantly higher than that on tissue-culture-treated polystyrene in vitro. The physical, mechanical, and biological properties of PFM can be modulated by various functionalizations to explore methods to improve bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine in general.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Xianqun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012995:Solubility / Q000187:drug effects; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase