title: Tetrodotoxin- and resiniferatoxin-induced changes in paracervical ganglion ChAT- and nNOS-IR neurons supplying the urinary bladder in female pigs.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to establish the effect of intravesical administration of resiniferatoxin (RTX) and tetrodotoxin (TTX) on the chemical coding of paracervical ganglion (PCG) neurons supplying the urinary bladder in the pig. In order to identify the PCG neurons innervating the bladder, retrograde tracer Fast Blue was injected into the bladder wall prior to intravesical RTX or TTX administration. Consequent application of immunocytochemical methods revealed that in the control group 76.82% of Fast Blue positive PCG neurons contain nitric oxide synthetase (nNOS), and 66.92% contain acetylcholine transferase (ChAT). Intravesical infusion of RTX resulted in a reduction of the nNOS-IR neurons to 57.74% and ChAT-IR to 57.05%. Alternative administration of TTX induced an increase of nNOS-IR neurons up to 79.29% and a reduction of the ChAT-IR population down to 3.73% of the Fast Blue positive PCG cells. Our data show that both neurotoxins affect the chemical coding of PCG cells supplying the porcine urinary bladder, but the effects of their action are different. Moreover, these results shed light on the possible involvement of NO-ergic and cholinergic neurons in the mechanisms of therapeutic action exerted by RTX and TTX in curing the overactive bladder disorder.
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine ul. Oczapowskiego 13/024 10-957 Olsztyn-Kortowo Poland. p.j.burlinski@uwn.edu.pl
authors.forename: Piotr Józef
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Burliński
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gonkowski
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Całka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005725:Ganglia, Autonomic / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000633:toxicity*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; C024353:resiniferatoxin; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase