title: Phrenic nerve stimulation with the quadripolar left ventricular lead not overcome by 'electronic repositioning'.
abstract: Phrenic nerve stimulation (PNS) is a frequent occurrence in patients implanted with a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device. The quadripolar left ventricular offers 10 pacing configurations which can overcome PNS in most cases. We report a rare case of significant PNS following upgrade to a CRT which was present with all 10 pacing configurations one day following implantation which required lead repositioning.
authors.affiliation: Guys and St Thomas NHS Trust, London, UK. senthilk1uk@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Senthil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kirubakaran
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
mesh_terms: D058406:Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004556:Electric Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010791:Phrenic Nerve; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control