title: Fast-track programmes for hepatopancreatic resections: where do we stand?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fast-track (FT) programmes represent a series of multimodal concepts that may reduce surgical stress and speed up convalescence after surgery. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate FT programmes for patients undergoing hepatopancreatic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies of FT vs. conventional recovery strategies for liver and pancreatic resections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For liver surgery, three cohort studies were included. Primary hospital stay was significantly reduced after FT care in two of the three studies. There were no significant differences in rates of readmission, morbidity and mortality. For pancreatic surgery, three cohort studies and one case-control study were included. Primary hospital stay was significantly shorter after FT care in three out of the four studies. One study reported a significantly decreased readmission rate (7% vs. 25%; P= 0.027), and another study showed lower morbidity (47.2% vs. 58.7%; P < 0.01) in favour of the FT group. There was no difference in mortality between the FT and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FT rehabilitation for liver and pancreatic surgical patients is feasible. Future investigation should focus on optimizing individual elements of the FT programme within the context of liver and pancreatic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Skåne University Hospital Lund and Lund University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lidewij
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spelt
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sturesson
authors.forename: Bobby
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tingstedt
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andersson
mesh_terms: D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D010180:Pancreatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010359:Patient Readmission; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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