title: Acute brain damage induced by acetaminophen in mice: effect of diphenyl diselenide on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
abstract: Organoselenium compounds exhibit antioxidant activity, as well as a variety of biological activities, with potential pharmacological and therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)(2) in reversing oxidative brain damage and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by administration of acetaminophen (APAP) in mice. Mice received a toxic dose of APAP, followed by a dose of (PhSe)(2) 1 h later. Four hours after the administration of APAP, plasma was withdrawn from the mice and used for biochemical assays of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as markers of hepatotoxicity. Brain homogenate was examined to determine oxidative stress. Isolated brain mitochondria were examined to quantify mitochondrial transmembrane's electrical potential and mitochondrial swelling and to estimate reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. APAP administration caused an increase in plasma ALT and AST activities. APAP administration also caused a significant increase in the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and dichlorofluorescein oxidation in brain homogenate. Similarly, mitochondrial swelling and ROS production increased after APAP administration. APAP treatment also caused a decrease in Na(+), K(+)- ATPase activity and in mitochondrial membrane potential. These alterations observed in the brain of APAP-treated mice were restored by (PhSe)(2). Glutathione levels were decreased by APAP, but (PhSe)(2) did not reverse this change. Treatment with (PhSe)(2) after APAP administration can reverse the neurotoxicity caused by a single toxic dose of APAP. The neuroprotective effect of (PhSe)(2) is likely associated with its antioxidant properties.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus UFSM, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Michele Hinerasky
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Edovando José Flores
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: da Rosa
authors.forename: Nélson Rodrigues
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dobrachinski
authors.forename: João Batista Teixeira
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.forename: Jose L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mauriz
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-Gallego
authors.forename: Félix Alexandre Antunes
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Soares
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity*; D000208:Acute Disease; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008933:Mitochondrial Swelling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000975:Antioxidants; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D005452:Fluoresceins; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C061132:diphenyldiselenide; C029569:diacetyldichlorofluorescein; D000082:Acetaminophen; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D005978:Glutathione
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