title: Can excessive lateral rotation of the ischium result in increased acetabular anteversion? A 3D-CT quantitative analysis of acetabular anteversion in children with unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purposes of this study were to observe whether increased acetabular anteversion was a universal finding and whether excessive lateral rotation of the ischium was correlated with increased acetabular anteversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 90 patients with unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), including 77 female patients and 13 male patients with an average age of 18 months (range, 6 to 60 mo). A total of 31 children were involved in the normal control group, including 14 girls and 17 boys with an average age of 21 months (range, 7 to 48 mo). The acetabular anteversion angle (AA), pubic relative length (PRL), ischiac relative distance (IRD), lateral rotational angle of the ischium (IA), and pubic rotational angle were compared between the affected hips and the unaffected hips in the unilateral DDH group and between the right hips and left hips in the normal control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No retroverted acetabulum was found in any hip. No significant differences in AA, IA, pubic rotational angle, IRD, and PRL were found between the left and right hips in the normal control group. However, the PRL was shorter in the affected hips than in the unaffected hips (P < 0.05). The average IA, AA, and IRD in the affected hips were larger than that in the unaffected hips (P < 0.05). The IA was positively correlated with AA and IRD in the DDH group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased acetabular anteversion in affected hips is a universal finding in unilateral DDH. The deficiency of the anterior wall in the acetabulum is not a unique reason for increased acetabular anteversion in unilateral DDH, because it is also correlated with excessive lateral rotation of the ischium.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Jingyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Lianyong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Enbo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qiwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006618:Hip Dislocation, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007223:Infant; D007512:Ischium / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014102:Torsion Abnormality / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery