title: Prognostic significance of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -8, -9, and -13 in oral tongue cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) often metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes. Mechanisms of this disease progression are not fully known. We aimed at finding new predictive markers for diagnosis and disease monitoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-three consecutive T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 OTSCC patients treated at Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, in 1992-2002 were included. Tissue array blocks were prepared from primary tumors and immunostained. Immunoexpression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, -8, -9, and -13 was compared with patient characteristics and outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nuclear expression of MMP-13, but not cytoplasmic expression of MMP-2, -8, and -9, was associated with invasion depth (P = 0.017) and tumor size (P = 0.008). Furthermore, high nuclear MMP-13 expression was predictive of poor outcome (P = 0.042).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that especially MMP-13 may be regarded as a prognostic biomarker in OTSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, HUS and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. laura.k.makinen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Laura K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Mäkinen
authors.forename: Valtteri
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Häyry
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Atula
authors.forename: Caj
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haglund
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Keski-Säntti
authors.forename: Ilmo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leivo
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mäkitie
authors.forename: Fabricio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Passador-Santos
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Böckelman
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salo
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
authors.forename: Jaana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017364:Collagenases; D018093:Gelatinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases