title: Multiple phenotypes resulting from a mutagenesis screen for pharynx muscle mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: We describe a novel screen to isolate pharyngeal cell morphology mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans using myo-2::GFP to rapidly identify abnormally shaped pharynxes in EMS (Ethyl Methanesulfonate) mutagenized worms. We observed over 83 C. elegans lines with distinctive pharyngeal phenotypes in worms surviving to the L1 larval stage, with phenotypes ranging from short pharynx, unattached pharynx, missing cells, asymmetric morphology, and non-adherent pharynx cells. Thirteen of these mutations have been chromosomally mapped using Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) and deficiency strain complementation. Our studies have focused on genetically mapping and functionally testing two phenotypes, the short pharynx and the loss of muscle cohesion phenotypes. We have also identified new alleles of sma-1, and our screen suggests many genes directing pharynx assembly and structure may be either pharynx specific or less critical in other tissues.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrier
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Charron
authors.forename: Yama
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sadozai
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Switaj
authors.forename: Anneliese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szutenbach
authors.forename: Pliny A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010614:Pharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
references.citation: Genetics. 1985 May;110(1):17-72
references.pmid: 3996896
references.citation: Genetics. 2001 Mar;157(3):1217-26
references.pmid: 11238406
references.citation: Development. 1998 Jun;125(11):2087-98
references.pmid: 9570773
references.citation: Dev Biol. 1984 Jan;101(1):61-72
references.pmid: 6692980
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2004 Jun 8;14(11):932-41
references.pmid: 15182666
references.citation: Nature. 2003 Jan 16;421(6920):231-7
references.pmid: 12529635
references.citation: Science. 2002 Feb 1;295(5556):821-5
references.pmid: 11823633
references.citation: Genetics. 1993 Apr;133(4):897-917
references.pmid: 8462849
references.citation: Cell. 1981 Dec;27(3 Pt 2):419-28
references.pmid: 6086105
references.citation: Genetics. 1997 May;146(1):207-26
references.pmid: 9136011
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2001 Jan 15;229(2):480-93
references.pmid: 11203704
references.citation: Mol Gen Genet. 1998 Nov;260(2-3):280-8
references.pmid: 9862482
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2001 Jun;114(Pt 12):2265-77
references.pmid: 11493666
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2006 Sep 29;2(9):e161
references.pmid: 17009877
references.citation: Development. 1996 May;122(5):1373-83
references.pmid: 8625826
references.citation: Genes Cells. 2008 Jul;13(7):653-65
references.pmid: 18498356
references.citation: Nature. 2000 Nov 16;408(6810):325-30
references.pmid: 11099033
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2000 May 15;149(4):931-42
references.pmid: 10811832
references.citation: Genetics. 2010 Nov;186(3):969-82
references.pmid: 20805556
references.citation: Genetics. 1993 Apr;133(4):875-96
references.pmid: 8462848
references.citation: Science. 2004 Sep 17;305(5691):1743-6
references.pmid: 15375261
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jan 1;33(Database issue):D383-9
references.pmid: 15608221
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D463-7
references.pmid: 19910365
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1998 Jul 1;12(13):1947-52
references.pmid: 9649499
references.citation: Genome Biol. 2001;2(1):RESEARCH0002
references.pmid: 11178279
references.citation: Nat Cell Biol. 2001 Nov;3(11):983-91
references.pmid: 11715019
references.citation: Development. 1994 Aug;120(8):2175-86
references.pmid: 7925019
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 1977 Apr 1;172(3):489-510
references.pmid: 838889
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2007 Mar 15;303(2):611-24
references.pmid: 17250823
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2004 Apr 15;117(Pt 10):1885-97
references.pmid: 15090594
references.citation: BMC Genomics. 2005 Sep 12;6:118
references.pmid: 16156901
references.citation: Genetics. 1991 Sep;129(1):79-94
references.pmid: 1936965
references.citation: Cell. 1987 Jan 30;48(2):241-50
references.pmid: 3802194
references.citation: Development. 1994 Oct;120(10):3019-31
references.pmid: 7607089
references.citation: Science. 1990 Nov 2;250(4981):686-8
references.pmid: 17810870
references.citation: Genetics. 1974 May;77(1):71-94
references.pmid: 4366476
references.citation: Cell. 1998 Apr 3;93(1):71-9
references.pmid: 9546393
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 1991 Aug;114(3):465-79
references.pmid: 1860880
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2006 Jul 15;295(2):664-77
references.pmid: 16701625
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2006 Feb 1;290(1):211-9
references.pmid: 16376872
references.citation: Genetics. 1980 Sep;96(1):147-64
references.pmid: 6894129
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2007 Feb 1;302(1):25-39
references.pmid: 17005176
references.citation: Genome Res. 2002 Jul;12(7):1100-5
references.pmid: 12097347
references.citation: Development. 2006 Aug;133(16):3097-106
references.pmid: 16831832
references.citation: Dev Biol. 1999 Dec 1;216(1):114-34
references.pmid: 10588867
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1976 Aug 10;275(938):299-325
references.pmid: 8805
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2004 Aug 15;272(2):403-18
references.pmid: 15282157
references.citation: Cell. 1987 Nov 20;51(4):601-11
references.pmid: 3677169