title: Multigenic families in Ichnovirus: a tissue and host specificity study through expression analysis of vankyrins from Hyposoter didymator Ichnovirus.
abstract: The viral ankyrin (vankyrin) gene family is represented in all polydnavirus (PDVs) genomes and encodes proteins homologous to I-kappaBs, inhibitors of NF-kappaB transcription factors. The structural similarities led to the hypothesis that vankyrins mimic eukaryotic factors to subvert important physiological pathways in the infected host. Here, we identified nine vankyrin genes in the genome of the Hyposoter didymator Ichnovirus (HdIV). Time-course gene expression experiments indicate that all members are expressed throughout parasitism of Spodoptera frugiperda, as assessed using RNA extracted from whole larvae. To study tissue and/or species specificity transcriptions, the expression of HdIV vankyrin genes were compared between HdIV-injected larvae of S. frugiperda and S. littoralis. The transcriptional profiles were similar in the two species, including the largely predominant expression of Hd27-vank1 in all tissues examined. However, in various insect cell lines, the expression patterns of HdIV vankyrins differed according to species. No clear relationship between vankyrin expression patterns and abundance of vankyrin-bearing genomic segments were found in the lepidopteran cell lines. Moreover, in these cells, the amount of vankyrin-bearing genomic segments differed substantially between cytosol and nuclei of infected cells, implying the existence of an unexpected step regulating the copy number of HdIV segments in cell nuclei. Our in vitro results reveal a host-specific transcriptional profile of vankyrins that may be related to the success of parasitism in different hosts. In Spodoptera hosts, the predominant expression of Hd27-vank1 suggests that this protein might have pleiotropic functions during parasitism of these insect species.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 1333- Diversité, Génomes et Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clavijo
authors.forename: Tristan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dorémus
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ravallec
authors.forename: Marie-Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mannucci
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jouan
authors.forename: Anne-Nathalie
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Volkoff
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Darboux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017487:Ankyrins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D058507:Host Specificity; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D007304:Insect Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D018071:Polydnaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D013559:Symbiosis; D014863:Wasps / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D017487:Ankyrins
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 1994 Dec;75 ( Pt 12):3353-63
references.pmid: 7996130
references.citation: Oncogene. 2006 Oct 30;25(51):6706-16
references.pmid: 17072323
references.citation: Arch Virol. 2009;154(8):1313-27
references.pmid: 19618256
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2008 Jun;89(Pt 6):1411-1420
references.pmid: 18474557
references.citation: Annu Rev Entomol. 2004;49:431-56
references.pmid: 14651471
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2008 Apr;47(1):378-95
references.pmid: 18325792
references.citation: Virology. 1999 Oct 25;263(2):349-63
references.pmid: 10544108
references.citation: Virology. 2007 Mar 1;359(1):179-89
references.pmid: 17034828
references.citation: J Virol. 2006 Dec;80(24):12219-28
references.pmid: 17005654
references.citation: Science. 2009 Feb 13;323(5916):926-30
references.pmid: 19213916
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Sep;1813(9):1634-45
references.pmid: 21167871
references.citation: J Insect Physiol. 2003 May;49(5):501-11
references.pmid: 12770629
references.citation: J Virol. 1982 Sep;43(3):859-70
references.pmid: 16789230
references.citation: Can J Microbiol. 1979 Feb;25(2):207-16
references.pmid: 436016
references.citation: J Virol. 2004 Dec;78(23):13090-103
references.pmid: 15542661
references.citation: J Insect Physiol. 2005 May;51(5):505-12
references.pmid: 15893997
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2009 Jun;90(Pt 6):1505-1514
references.pmid: 19264643
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 9;102(32):11426-31
references.pmid: 16061795
references.citation: J Virol. 2005 Jun;79(12):7617-28
references.pmid: 15919914
references.citation: Virology. 2007 Jun 20;363(1):26-35
references.pmid: 17306851
references.citation: Science. 2004 Oct 8;306(5694):286-9
references.pmid: 15472078
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 1995 Feb;76 ( Pt 2):283-91
references.pmid: 7844550
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jul 1;36(Web Server issue):W465-9
references.pmid: 18424797
references.citation: Infect Genet Evol. 2006 Jul;6(4):315-22
references.pmid: 16386964
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 3;92(1):29-36
references.pmid: 7816835
references.citation: Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2011 Aug;41(8):582-91
references.pmid: 21457783
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2007 Jan;88(Pt 1):92-104
references.pmid: 17170441
references.citation: BMC Bioinformatics. 2006 Oct 10;7:439
references.pmid: 17032440
references.citation: Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Mar;27(3):263-70
references.pmid: 9090121
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 2007 Nov;88(Pt 11):2977-2984
references.pmid: 17947519
references.citation: Virol J. 2006 Jun 19;3:48
references.pmid: 16784535
references.citation: J Virol. 2005 Feb;79(3):1861-70
references.pmid: 15650210
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 1;279(40):41580-5
references.pmid: 15292189
references.citation: Virology. 2006 Mar 30;347(1):160-74
references.pmid: 16380146
references.citation: BMC Genomics. 2006 Jun 21;7:160
references.pmid: 16790040
references.citation: In Vitro. 1978 Jun;14(6):485-94
references.pmid: 79542
references.citation: PLoS Pathog. 2010 May 27;6(5):e1000923
references.pmid: 20523890