title: Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells for expression of heterologous genes: From gene cloning to bioprocess development.
abstract: In the present review we discuss strategies that have been used for heterologous gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster Schneider 2 (S2) cells using plasmid vectors. Since the growth of S2 cells is not dependent on anchorage to solid substrates, these cells can be easily cultured in suspension in large volumes. The factors that most affect the growth and gene expression of S2 cells, namely cell line, cell passage, inoculum concentration, culture medium, temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, hydrodynamic forces and toxic metabolites, are discussed by comparison with other insect and mammalian cells. Gene expression, cell metabolism, culture medium formulation and parameters involved in cellular respiration are particularly emphasized. The experience of the authors with the successful expression of a biologically functional protein, the rabies virus glycoprotein (RVGP), by recombinant S2 cells is presented in the topics covered.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia de Materiais e de Bioprocessos, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil. ammoraes@feq.unicamp.br
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Soraia A C
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: Renato M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Astray
authors.forename: Claudio A T
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Suazo
authors.forename: Camilo E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Calderón Riquelme
authors.forename: Elisabeth F P
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Augusto
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tonso
authors.forename: Marilena M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pamboukian
authors.forename: Rosane A M
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Piccoli
authors.forename: Manuel F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Barral
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins