title: Gingival fibroblasts display reduced adhesion and spreading on extracellular matrix: a possible basis for scarless tissue repair?
abstract: Unlike skin, oral gingiva do not scar in response to injury. The basis of this difference is likely to be revealed by comparing the responses of dermal and gingival fibroblasts to fibrogenic stimuli. Previously, we showed that, compared to dermal fibroblasts, gingival fibroblasts are less responsive to the potent pro-fibrotic cytokine TGFβ, due to a reduced production of endothelin-1 (ET-1). In this report, we show that, compared to dermal fibroblasts, human gingival fibroblasts show reduced expression of pro-adhesive mRNAs and proteins including integrins α2 and α4 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Consistent with these observations, gingival fibroblasts are less able to adhere to and spread on both fibronectin and type I collagen. Moreover, the enhanced production of ET-1 mRNA and protein in dermal fibroblasts is reduced by the FAK/src inhibitor PP2. Given our previous observations suggesting that fibrotic fibroblasts display elevated adhesive properties, our data suggest that scarring potential may be based, at least in part, on differences in adhesive properties among fibroblasts resident in connective tissue. Controlling adhesive properties may be of benefit in controlling scarring in response to tissue injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Fen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Anuradha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leask
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D039421:Integrin alpha2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D039441:Integrin alpha4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D039421:Integrin alpha2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D039441:Integrin alpha4; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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