title: Anti-infective surgical therapy of peri-implantitis. A 12-month prospective clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate an anti-infective surgical protocol for the treatment of peri-implantitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six implants in 24 partially dentate patients with moderate to advanced peri-implantitis were treated using an anti-infective surgical protocol incorporating open flap debridement and implant surface decontamination, with adjunctive systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole. Treatment outcomes were assessed at 3, 6 and 12 months. Patient-based statistical analyses using multiple regression analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was 100% survival of treated implants at 12 months. At 3 months, there were statistically significant (P < 0.01) reductions in mean probing depths (PD), Bleeding on Probing (BoP) and suppuration. The greater the mean PD at baseline, the greater the PD reduction at 3 months. At 3 months, there was also a significant mean facial mucosal recession of 1 mm (P < 0.001). All these changes were maintained at 6 and 12 months. At 12 months, all treated implants had a mean PD < 5 mm, while 47% of the implants had complete resolution of inflammation (BoP negative). At 12 months, 92% of implants had stable crestal bone levels or bone gain. There were no significant effects of smoking on any of the treatment outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the treatment of peri-implantitis, an anti-infective protocol incorporating surgical access, implant surface decontamination and systemic antimicrobials followed by a strict postoperative protocol was effective at 3 months with the results maintained for up to 12 months after treatment.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Rural and Remote Oral Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: L J A
authors.initials: LJA
authors.lastname: Heitz-Mayfield
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Medicine, The University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Salvi
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Medicine, The University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mombelli
authors.affiliation: Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faddy
authors.affiliation: The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003646:Debridement / Q000379:methods; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D000658:Amoxicillin