title: Prodrugs for targeted tumor therapies: recent developments in ADEPT, GDEPT and PMT.
abstract: The treatment of cancer with common anti-proliferative agents generally suffers from an insufficient differentiation between normal and malignant cells which results in extensive side effects. To enhance the efficacy and reduce the normal tissue toxicity of anticancer drugs, numerous selective tumor therapies have emerged including the highly promising approaches ADEPT (Antibody-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy), GDEPT (Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy) and PMT (Prodrug Monotherapy). These allow a selective release of cytotoxic agents from non-toxic prodrugs at the tumor site either by targeted antibody-enzyme conjugates, enzyme encoding genes or by exploiting physiological and metabolic aberrations in cancerous tissue. Herein, recent developments in the design and biological evaluation of prodrugs for use in ADEPT, GDEPT and PMT are reviewed. As a highlight, a series of novel glycosidic prodrugs based on the natural antibiotics CC-1065 and the duocarmycins will be discussed which show a therapeutic window of up to one million. Notably, the corresponding drugs have tremendously high cytotoxicities with IC(50) values of down to 110 fM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. ltietze@gwdg.de
authors.forename: Lutz F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Tietze
authors.forename: Kianga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmuck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015195:Drug Design; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011355:Prodrugs