title: [Molecular recognition code between pathogenic bacterial TAL-effectors and host target genes: a review].
abstract: As the pathogenic bacterial virulence and avirulence factors, transcription activator like (TAL) effectors of Xanthomonas can resulted in the host diseases or resistance responses. TAL effectors can specifically bind the target DNA of host plant with a novel protein-DNA binding pattern in which two amino acids recognize one nucleotide. The complexities of TAL-DNA binding have the feasibility in use of gene therapy through homologous recombination and site-specific mutation. By using the molecular recognition code between TAL-effectors and host target genes, we can exploit both the susceptible and resistance genes; broad spectrum resistance induced by multiple TAL effectors could also be manipulated. Deeper insight in the area of protein-DNA binding mechanism will benefit the application in the biomedical engineering and agricultural engineering. This article reviews the findings and functions of TAL effectors, the binding specificity and recognition code between TAL-effectors and host target genes. The possible applications and future prospects of the molecular recognition code have been discussed.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
authors.forename: Yanqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chunlian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kaijun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005815:Genetic Code / Q000235:genetics; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D037521:Virulence Factors