title: Lead-free NaNbO3 nanowires for a high output piezoelectric nanogenerator.
abstract: Perovskite ferroelectric nanowires have rarely been used for the conversion of tiny mechanical vibrations into electricity, in spite of their large piezoelectricity. Here we present a lead-free NaNbO(3) nanowire-based piezoelectric device as a high output and cost-effective flexible nanogenerator. The device consists of a NaNbO(3) nanowire-poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) polymer composite and Au/Cr-coated polymer films. High-quality NaNbO(3) nanowires can be grown by hydrothermal method at low temperature and can be poled by an electric field at room temperature. The NaNbO(3) nanowire-PDMS polymer composite device shows an output voltage of 3.2 V and output current of 72 nA (current density of 16 nA/cm(2)) under a compressive strain of 0.23%. These results imply that NaNbO(3) nanowires should be quite useful for large-scale lead-free piezoelectric nanogenerator applications.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.
authors.forename: Jong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Minbaek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jung-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Chih-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-Jen
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Zhong Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007854:Lead; D055617:Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009556:Niobium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D012964:Sodium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C559961:sodium niobate; D009556:Niobium; D007854:Lead; D012964:Sodium