title: Pacemaker endocarditis: an important clinical entity.
abstract: Pacemaker endocarditis remains a rare but potentially life threatening complication of pacemaker implantation. This case illustrates a rare cause of pacemaker endocarditis, Serratia marcescens, the management difficulties that can be faced with such organisms, and the potential indolent nature of pacemaker lead associated endocarditis. A review of the current data for pacemaker endocarditis management suggests that treatment with antimicrobials alone is unlikely to be curative and explantation of the device is recommended in all cases of confirmed pacemaker endocarditis (by echocardiography, in correlation with the patient's clinical condition and inflammatory markers).
authors.affiliation: St Thomas' Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
authors.forename: Kalpa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Silva
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fife
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Murgatroyd
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gall
references.citation: Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1986 Apr;79(4):483-8
references.pmid: 3090966
references.citation: Cor Vasa. 1988;30(6):400-4
references.pmid: 3069327
references.citation: Can Med Assoc J. 1971 Jun 5;104(11):1013-4, 1006
references.pmid: 4930398
references.citation: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2009 Apr;2(2):129-34
references.pmid: 19808457
references.citation: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1985 May;89(5):758-63
references.pmid: 3990326
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 May 8;49(18):1851-9
references.pmid: 17481444
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Aug 1;39(3):309-17
references.pmid: 15306996
references.citation: Medicine (Baltimore). 1994 Nov;73(6):299-305
references.pmid: 7984081
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 1980 Feb;140(2):199-202
references.pmid: 6986128
references.citation: Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1985;699:1-62
references.pmid: 3904338
references.citation: Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1989 Nov 25;119(47):1664-72
references.pmid: 2686008
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1979 Aug;44(2):221-4
references.pmid: 463758
references.citation: Am J Med. 1994 Mar;96(3):211-9
references.pmid: 8154508
references.citation: Cardiol Clin. 1992 Feb;10(1):137-49
references.pmid: 1739955
references.citation: Heart Lung Circ. 2007 Dec;16(6):434-9
references.pmid: 17420155
references.citation: Circulation. 1997 Apr 15;95(8):2098-107
references.pmid: 9133520
references.citation: J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1975 Jan;69(1):1-7
references.pmid: 1110570
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1998 Aug 15;82(4):480-4
references.pmid: 9723637
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1981 Sep;48(3):559-64
references.pmid: 7270461
references.citation: Ann Thorac Surg. 1989 Jul;48(1):147
references.pmid: 2764593