title: Infective endocarditis with cerebrovascular complications: timing of surgical intervention.
abstract: Management of infective endocarditis (IE) with cerebrovascular complications is difficult due to absence of concrete evidence. These patients usually have multiple neurological deficits and the optimal timing for cardiac operation remains controversial. The aims of this study were to present cases and discuss the treatment options for IE with cerebrovascular complications. From 1998 to 2010, 51 patients underwent operations for IE at our institution. From a review of medical records, 10 patients (19.6%) with preoperative neurological complications were identified. Data on these 10 patients were analysed. Cerebrovascular complications included cerebral infarction (n = 4, 40.0%), mycotic aneurysm (n = 1, 10.0%), mycotic aneurysm plus cerebral infarction (n = 3, 30.0%), meningitis (n = 1, 10.0%) and mycotic aneurysm with cerebral haemorrhage plus meningitis (n = 1, 10.0%). Of 5 patients having mycotic aneurysms, 3 underwent clipping before cardiac operations. The mean interval from craniotomy to cardiac operations was 26.7 ± 21.8 days. A cardiac operation was performed initially on seven patients. The mean interval from the onset of neurological deficit to cardiac operation was 7.4 ± 9.8 days. The mortality rate was 10.0%. Postoperative deterioration was not observed. Management of IE with cerebrovascular complications should be based on case-by-case multidisciplinary assessment of potential risks and benefits of intracranial and cardiac operations.
authors: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery,  Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki,  Japan.
authors: Wakako
authors: W
authors: Fukuda
authors: Kazuyuki
authors: K
authors: Daitoku
authors: Masahito
authors: M
authors: Minakawa
authors: Kozo
authors: K
authors: Fukui
authors: Yasuyuki
authors: Y
authors: Suzuki
authors: Ikuo
authors: I
authors: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult