title: In vivo migration of dendritic cells labeled with synthetic superparamagnetic iron oxide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Successful treatment of cancer with dendritic cell tumor vaccine is highly dependent on how effectively the vaccine migrates into lymph nodes and activates T cells. In this study, a simple method was developed to trace migration of dendritic cells to lymph nodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) of γ-Fe(2)O(3) nanoparticles were prepared to label dendritic cells generated from bone marrow of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgenic mice, to explore the fluorescence intensity of EGFP influenced by the SPIO, and to make images of labeled dendritic cells with the help of magnetic resonance imaging in vitro. The SPIO-EGFP-labeled dendritic cells were injected into the footpads of five mice. After 48 hours, magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, confocal imaging, and Prussian blue staining were used to confirm migration of the SPIO-EGFP-labeled dendritic cells into draining lymph nodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The synthetic SPIO nanoparticles had a spherical shape and desirable superparamagnetism, and confocal imaging and Prussian blue staining showed perfect labeling efficiency as well. Furthermore, the dendritic cells dual-labeled by SPIO and EGFP could migrate into lymph nodes after footpad injection, and could be detected by both magnetic resonance imaging and optical imaging simultaneously, which was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Prussian blue staining. The percentage of dendritic cells migrated to the draining lymph nodes was about 4%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Synthetic SPIO nanoparticles are strong contrast agents with good biocompatibility, and EGFP transgenic dendritic cells can be labeled efficiently by SPIO, which are suitable for further study of the migratory behavior and biodistribution of dendritic cells in vivo.
authors: Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yongbin
authors: Y
authors: Mou
authors: Yayi
authors: Y
authors: Hou
authors: Baoan
authors: B
authors: Chen
authors: Zichun
authors: Z
authors: Hua
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Hao
authors: H
authors: Xie
authors: Guohua
authors: G
authors: Xia
authors: Zhiyong
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Xiaofeng
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Han
authors: Yanhong
authors: Y
authors: Ni
authors: Qingang
authors: Q
authors: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D058948:Cell Tracking / Q000379:methods*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C000499:ferric oxide