title: Dynamic expression of synemin isoforms in mouse embryonic stem cells and neural derivatives.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intermediate filaments (IFs) are major components of the mammalian cytoskeleton and expressed in cell-type-specific patterns. Morphological changes during cell differentiation are linked to IF network remodeling. However, little is known concerning the presence and the role of IFs in embryonic stem (ES) cells and during their differentiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have examined the expression profile of synemin isoforms in mouse pluripotent ES cells and during their neural differentiation induced by retinoic acid. Using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunostaining, we show that synemin M is present at both mRNA and protein levels in undifferentiated ES cells as early as pluripotency factor Oct-3/4 and IF keratin 8. Synemin H was produced only in neural precursors when neural differentiation started, concurrently with synemin M, nestin and glial fibrillary acidic protein. However, both synemin H and M were restricted to the progenitor line during the neural differentiation program. Our in vivo analysis also confirmed the expression of synemins H/M in multipotent neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the adult brain, a neurogenic germinal niche of the mice. Knocking down synemin in ES cells by shRNA lentiviral particles transduction has no influence on expression of Oct4, Nanog and SOX2, but decreased keratin 8 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows a developmental stage specific regulation of synemin isoforms in ES cells and its neural derivatives. These findings represent the first evidence that synemins could potentially be useful markers for distinguishing multipotent ES cells from undifferentiated neural stem cells and more committed progenitor cells.
authors: Department of Aging, Stress and Inflammation, UPMC Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
authors: Sheila C
authors: SC
authors: de Souza Martins
authors: Onnik
authors: O
authors: Agbulut
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Diguet
authors: Jean-Christophe
authors: JC
authors: Larcher
authors: Bruna S
authors: BS
authors: Paulsen
authors: Stevens K
authors: SK
authors: Rehen
authors: Vivaldo
authors: V
authors: Moura-Neto
authors: Denise
authors: D
authors: Paulin
authors: Zhenlin
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Zhigang
authors: Z
authors: Xue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053533:Keratin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D053533:Keratin-8; C486780:NANOG protein, human; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C527782:SOX2 protein, human; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; C430456:desmuslin; D014212:Tretinoin