title: Laboratory and field assessments of prey-mediated effects of transgenic Bt rice on Ummeliata insecticeps (Araneida: Linyphiidae).
abstract: One major concern regarding the release of Bt rice is its potential impact through tritrophic interactions on nontarget arthropods, especially natural enemies. We studied the effects of two Bt transgenic rice varieties, TT9- 3 and KMD1, expressing Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac and Cry1Ab, respectively,  on a predatory ground spider [Ummeliata insecticeps (Bösenberg et Strand)] supplied with Bt rice-fed brown planthopper [Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)] nymphs. Although immunoassays confirmed that U. insecticeps ingested Bt insecticidal protein  when supplied with Bt rice-fed N. lugens, no negative effects were found on its survival and development. Furthermore, the fecundity of U. insecticeps fed prey reared on Bt rice was not significantly different from that of those fed prey reared on non-Bt rice. A 3-yr field  trial indicated that Bt rice did not significantly affect the population density of U. insecticeps in comparison with non-Bt rice. In conclusion, the Bt rice lines tested in this study had no adverse effects on the survival, developmental time, or fecundity of U. insecticeps  in the laboratory or on population dynamics in the field.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Tian
authors: Z C
authors: ZC
authors: Liu
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Chen
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: X X
authors: XX
authors: Chen
authors: Y F
authors: YF
authors: Peng
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Hu
authors: G Y
authors: GY
authors: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000737:chemistry*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology; D052287:Oviparity / Q000187:drug effects*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000469:parasitology; D011157:Population Dynamics; D013112:Spiders / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis