title: Endosymbiotic bacteria associated with nematodes, ticks and amoebae.
abstract: Endosymbiosis is a mutualistic, parasitic or commensal symbiosis in which one symbiont is living within the body of another organism. Such symbiotic relationship with free-living amoebae and arthropods has been reported with a large biodiversity of microorganisms, encompassing various bacterial clades and to a lesser extent some fungi and viruses. By contrast, current knowledge on symbionts of nematodes is still mainly restricted to Wolbachia and its interaction with filarial worms that lead to increased pathogenicity of the infected nematode. In this review article, we aim to highlight the main characteristics of symbionts in term of their ecology, host cell interactions, parasitism and co-evolution, in order to stimulate future research in a field that remains largely unexplored despite the availability of modern tools.
authors: Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology Group, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Taylor
authors: Oleg
authors: O
authors: Mediannikov
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Raoult
authors: Gilbert
authors: G
authors: Greub
mesh_terms: D000656:Amoeba / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D009348:Nematoda / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D013559:Symbiosis; D013987:Ticks / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D020577:Wolbachia / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology