title: Comparison of outcomes in patients with abandoned versus extracted implantable cardioverter defibrillator leads.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the increased number of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients and the frequent need for device upgrading and/or occurrence of lead malfunction, the optimal approach to managing abandoned leads remains debated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the rate and type of complications related to either abandoned or extracted ICD leads.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with abandoned or extracted leads were identified retrospectively. Patient medical records were reviewed to assess long-term lead or device malfunction, defibrillation test values before and after lead abandonment or extraction, and appropriateness of delivered shocks and subsequent surgical procedures related to devices or leads.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 58 ICD patients with 47 extracted and 34 abandoned leads were identified. After a mean follow-up of 3.2 ± 2.6 years, the defibrillation test was not affected by either abandoned or extracted leads (23.4 ± 6.6 J vs 25.4 ± 4.9 J, respectively; P = 0.24). There were no differences in the number of ICD-related surgical procedures after extracting versus abandoning leads (22% vs 12%, respectively; P = 0.3) or in the thromboembolic event rate (7.7% vs 6.3%; P = 0.83). During follow-up, no differences in the occurrence of major complications or appropriate/inappropriate shocks were observed between patients with or without abandoned leads.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed no difference in rates of immediate or medium-term complications between extracting versus abandoning leads. Lead abandonment remains an alternative and safe option when extraction does not appear mandatory according to the age of the leads or experience of the operating centre.
authors: Cardiology Department, Côte-de-Nacre University Hospital, avenue de la Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France.
authors: Mathieu
authors: M
authors: Amelot
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Foucault
authors: Patrice
authors: P
authors: Scanu
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Gomes
authors: Laure
authors: L
authors: Champ-Rigot
authors: Arnaud
authors: A
authors: Pellissier
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Milliez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020878:Device Removal; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005602:France; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome