title: ARK5 is associated with the invasive and metastatic potential of human breast cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of Akt/ARK5 pathways on the metastatic potential of human breast cancer cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The human ARK5 gene was transfected into MDA-MB-231 cells. Effects of ARK5 on MDA-MB-231 cells were investigated in vitro. The tumorigenicity and spontaneously metastatic capability regulated by ARK5 were determined using an orthotopic xenograft tumor model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ARK5 enhanced the invasive and metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 cells under regulation by Akt. The enhancement was associated with increasing MMP-2, MMP-9, and MT1-MMP expression. The results were further demonstrated by RNA interference experiment. In an in vivo study, we also demonstrated that ARK5-transfected breast cancer cells grew faster and had more pulmonary metastases than its parental counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ARK5 led to a more invasive phenotype and metastatic potential in human breast cancer dependent on Akt.
authors: Tianjin Medical University, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China. changxinzhong@yahoo.com.cn
authors: Xin-Zhong
authors: XZ
authors: Chang
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Yu
authors: Hai-Yin
authors: HY
authors: Liu
authors: Rui-Hua
authors: RH
authors: Dong
authors: Xu-Chen
authors: XC
authors: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D012097:Repressor Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; C470845:NUAK1 protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C507086:MMP14 protein, human; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14