title: Characterization of turkey inducible nitric oxide synthase and identification of its expression in the intestinal epithelium following astrovirus infection.
abstract: The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) enzyme has long been recognized as a key mediator of innate immune responses to infectious diseases across the phyla. Its role in killing or inactivating bacterial, parasitic, and viral pathogens has been documented in numerous host systems. iNOS, and its innate immune mediator NO has also been described to have negative consequence on host tissues as well; therefore understanding the pathogenesis of any infectious agent which induces iNOS expression requires a better understanding of the role iNOS and NO play in that disease. Previous studies in our laboratory and others have demonstrated evidence for increased levels of iNOS and activity of its innate immune mediator NO in the intestine of turkeys infected with astrovirus. To begin to characterize the role iNOS plays in the innate immune response to astrovirus infection, we identified, characterized, developed tkiNOS specific reagents, and demonstrated that the intestinal epithelial cells induce expression of iNOS following astrovirus infection. These data are the first to our knowledge to describe the tkiNOS gene, and demonstrate that astrovirus infection induces intestinal epithelial cells to express iNOS, suggesting these cells play a key role in the antiviral response to enteric infections.
authors: Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
authors: R Ryan
authors: RR
authors: Meyerhoff
authors: Prashant K
authors: PK
authors: Nighot
authors: Rizwana A
authors: RA
authors: Ali
authors: Anthony T
authors: AT
authors: Blikslager
authors: Matthew D
authors: MD
authors: Koci
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019350:Astroviridae Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D052676:Avastrovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000821:virology; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015870:Gene Expression; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014162:Transfection; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II