title: Toxic effects of a horseradish extract and allyl isothiocyanate in the urinary bladder after 13-week administration in drinking water to F344 rats.
abstract: Subchronic toxicity of a horseradish extract (HRE), consisting mainly of a mixture of allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and other isothiocyanates, was investigated with administration at concentrations of 0, 0.0125, 0.025 and 0.05% of HRE in drinking water for 13 weeks to male and female F344 rats. For comparison, treatment with 0.0425% of AITC was similarly performed. Body weight gain was reduced in the 0.05% HRE and AITC males as compared to the 0% controls, and the cause was considered at least partly related to decreased water consumption due to the acrid smell of the test substance and decreased food consumption. Serum biochemistry demonstrated increased urea nitrogen in 0.025 and 0.05% HRE and AITC males and 0.0125-0.05% HRE and AITC females, along with decreased total cholesterol in 0.0125-0.05% HRE females. On histopathological assessment, papillary/nodular hyperplasia of bladder mucosa was observed in 0.05% HRE and AITC males and females, in addition to simple mucosal hyperplasia found in all treated groups. Based on the above findings, no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) were estimated to be below 0.0125% of HRE for both males and females, corresponding to 9.4 and 8.0 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively, and there appeared to be comparable toxicological properties of HRE to AITC, such as the inductive effect of significant proliferative lesions in the urinary bladder.
authors: Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Mai
authors: M
authors: Hasumura
authors: Toshio
authors: T
authors: Imai
authors: Young-Man
authors: YM
authors: Cho
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Ueda
authors: Masao
authors: M
authors: Hirose
authors: Akiyoshi
authors: A
authors: Nishikawa
authors: Kumiko
authors: K
authors: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031215:Armoracia / Q000737:chemistry*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D060766:Drinking Water; D005260:Female; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000633:toxicity*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D059551:Toxicity Tests, Subacute; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004471:allyl isothiocyanate