title: Staphylococcus aureus produces membrane-derived vesicles that induce host cell death.
abstract: Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles that play a role in the delivery of virulence factors to host cells. However, little is known about the membrane-derived vesicles (MVs) produced by gram-positive bacteria. The present study examined the production of MVs from Staphylococcus aureus and investigated the delivery of MVs to host cells and subsequent cytotoxicity. Four S. aureus strains tested, two type strains and two clinical isolates, produced spherical nanovesicles during in vitro culture. MVs were also produced during in vivo infection of a clinical S. aureus isolate in a mouse pneumonia model. Proteomic analysis showed that 143 different proteins were identified in the S. aureus-derived MVs. S. aureus MVs were interacted with the plasma membrane of host cells via a cholesterol-rich membrane microdomain and then delivered their component protein A to host cells within 30 min. Intact S. aureus MVs induced apoptosis of HEp-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas lysed MVs neither delivered their component into the cytosol of host cells nor induced cytotoxicity. In conclusion, this study is the first report that S. aureus MVs are an important vehicle for delivery of bacterial effector molecules to host cells.
authors: Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors: Mamata
authors: M
authors: Gurung
authors: Dong Chan
authors: DC
authors: Moon
authors: Chi Won
authors: CW
authors: Choi
authors: Jung Hwa
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Yong Chul
authors: YC
authors: Bae
authors: Jungmin
authors: J
authors: Kim
authors: Yoo Chul
authors: YC
authors: Lee
authors: Sung Yong
authors: SY
authors: Seol
authors: Dong Taek
authors: DT
authors: Cho
authors: Seung Il
authors: SI
authors: Kim
authors: Je Chul
authors: JC
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D021381:Protein Transport; D040901:Proteomics; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000502:physiology; D037521:Virulence Factors
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors