title: Modeling and predicting drug pharmacokinetics in patients with renal impairment.
abstract: Current guidance issued by the US FDA to assess the impact of renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of a drug under development has recently been updated to include evaluation of drugs with nonrenal elimination routes. Renal impairment not only affects elimination of the drug in the kidney, but also the nonrenal route of drugs that are extensively metabolized in the liver. Renal failure may influence hepatic drug metabolism either by inducing or suppressing hepatic enzymes, or by its effects on other variables such as protein binding, hepatic blood flow and accumulation of metabolites. Prior simulation of the potential exposure of individuals with renal impairment may help in the selection of a safe and effective dosage regimen. In this article, we discuss the application of a systems biology approach to simulate drug disposition in subjects with renal impairment.
authors: Simcyp Limited, Blades Enterprise Centre, John Street, Sheffield, S2 4SU, UK. k.r.yeo@simcyp.com
authors: Karen
authors: K
authors: Rowland Yeo
authors: Mohsen
authors: M
authors: Aarabi
authors: Masoud
authors: M
authors: Jamei
authors: Amin
authors: A
authors: Rostami-Hodjegan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic / Q000379:methods; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations