title: Effects of an implantable two-channel peroneal nerve stimulator versus conventional walking device on spatiotemporal parameters and kinematics of hemiparetic gait.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were: (i) to compare the neuro-prosthetic effect of implantable peroneal nerve stimulation to the orthotic effect of a standard of care intervention (no device, shoe or ankle foot orthosis) on walking, as assessed by spatiotemporal parameters; and (ii) to examine whether there is evidence of an enhanced lower-limb flexion reflex with peroneal nerve stimulation and compare the kinematic effect of an implantable peroneal nerve stimulation device vs standard of care intervention on initial loading response of the paretic limb, as assessed by hip, knee and ankle kinematics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 23 chronic stroke survivors with drop foot.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intervention group received an implantable 2-channel peroneal nerve stimulator for correction of drop foot. The control group continued using a conventional walking device. Spatiotemporal parameters and hip, knee and ankle kinematics were measured while subjects walked with the device on using a 3-dimensional video camera system during baseline and after a follow-up period of 26 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peroneal nerve stimulation normalized stance and double support of the paretic limb and single support of the non-paretic limb, in comparison with using a conventional walking device. In addition, peroneal nerve stimulation is more effective to provide ankle dorsiflexion during swing and resulted in a normalized initial loading response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although peroneal nerve stimulation and ankle foot orthosis are both prescribed to correct a drop foot in the same patient population, spatiotemporal parameters, dorsiflexion during swing and loading response are influenced in a functionally different way.
authors: Roessingh Research and Development, Enschede, The Netherlands. a.kottink@rrd.nl
authors: Anke I R
authors: AI
authors: Kottink
authors: Martin J B
authors: MJ
authors: Tenniglo
authors: Wiebe H K
authors: WH
authors: de Vries
authors: Hermie J
authors: HJ
authors: Hermens
authors: Jaap H
authors: JH
authors: Buurke
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000294:innervation*; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D058542:Implantable Neurostimulators; D008297:Male; D010291:Paresis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010543:Peroneal Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014741:Video Recording; D014853:Walkers; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D058067:Wavelet Analysis