title: Systematic review of grading practice: is there evidence of grade inflation?
abstract: This paper describes the outcomes of a systematic review of literature pertaining to the grading of practice within nursing, midwifery, medicine and allied health professions. From a total of 215 papers, 147 were included and data were extracted using a systematic data extraction tool. The focus of this paper relates to one of the emerging themes: the issue of grade inflation. The paper examines the grade inflation phenomenon: it discusses the reasons for grade inflation from a variety of perspectives. The paper reports on the suggestions made within the literature on how to control grade inflation, but these, the authors conclude, are not fully evaluated and should be adopted only where rigorous evaluation can carried out. It is imperative that evaluations include the usefulness, reliability and validity testing of rubrics or any other solutions to grade inflation that are adopted by clinicians and educators.
authors: School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Care, Faculty of Health, Life and Social Science, Napier University, Comely Bank Campus, Edinburgh EH4 2LD, UK. j.donaldson@napier.ac.uk
authors: Jayne H
authors: JH
authors: Donaldson
authors: Morag
authors: M
authors: Gray
mesh_terms: D016390:Allied Health Occupations / Q000592:standards; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000592:standards; D004506:Education, Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008611:Mentors / Q000523:psychology; D008880:Midwifery / Q000592:standards; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D015203:Reproducibility of Results