title: Skin permeating nanogel for the cutaneous co-delivery of two anti-inflammatory drugs.
abstract: The aim of this study was to develop an effective drug delivery system for the simultaneous topical delivery of two anti-inflammatory drugs, spantide II (SP) and ketoprofen (KP). To achieve this primary goal, we have developed a skin permeating nanogel system (SPN) containing surface modified polymeric bilayered nanoparticles along with a gelling agent. Poly-(lactide-co-glycolic acid) and chitosan were used to prepare bilayered nanoparticles (NPS) and the surface was modified with oleic acid (NPSO). Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and Carbopol with the desired viscosity were utilized to prepare the nanogels. The nanogel system was further investigated for in vitro skin permeation, drug release and stability studies. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) and psoriatic plaque like model were used to assess the effectiveness of SPN. Dispersion of NPSO in HPMC (SPN) produced a stable and uniform dispersion. In vitro permeation studies revealed increase in deposition of SP for the SP-SPN or SP+KP-SPN in the epidermis and dermis by 8.5 and 9.5 folds, respectively than SP-gel. Further, the deposition of KP for KP-SPN or SP+KP-SPN in epidermis and dermis was 9.75 and 11.55 folds higher, respectively than KP-gel. Similarly the amount of KP permeated for KP-SPN or SP+KP-SPN was increased by 9.92 folds than KP-gel. The ear thickness in ACD model and the expression of IL-17 and IL-23; PASI score and TEWL values in psoriatic plaque like model were significantly less (p < 0.001) for SPN compared to control gel. Our results suggest that SP+KP-SPN have significant potential for the percutaneous delivery of SP and KP to the deeper skin layers for treatment of various skin inflammatory disorders.
authors: College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA.
authors: Punit P
authors: PP
authors: Shah
authors: Pinaki R
authors: PR
authors: Desai
authors: Apurva R
authors: AR
authors: Patel
authors: Mandip S
authors: MS
authors: Singh
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000080385:Nanogels; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D012212:Rheology / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D014783:Viscosity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000080385:Nanogels; C413692:polyethylene glycol polyethyleneimine nanogel; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D008747:Methylcellulose; D000077271:Imiquimod