title: Microsomal epoxide hydrolase polymorphisms, cigarette smoking  and prostate cancer risk in the Slovak population.
abstract: Polymorphisms in tobacco carcinogen metabolizing enzymes may generate interindividual variations towards the risk of developing prostate cancer. One of these enzymes is microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) which metabolizes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAH, carcinogens found in cigarette smoke. The activity of this enzyme is affected by two polymorphisms, a substitution of Tyr113 by His in exon 3 and a substitution of His139 by Arg in exon 4. The aim of this study was to use a population-based case-control study to investigate whether or not such genetic polymorphisms in EPHX1 gene can modify the relationship between smoking status and the risk of developing prostate cancer. We used restriction fragment length polymorphism, or PCR-RFLP to determine EPHX1 genotypes in subjects comprising 194 patients with histologically verified prostate cancer and 305 healthy individuals as control. We found no overall association between prostate cancer risk and functional polymorphisms of EPHX1 gene in exon 3 and exon 4. We further analysed the association between the EPHX1 genotypes and smoking. Smokers carrying the exon 3 Tyr/Tyr and Tyr/His genotypes were at no significant risk compared to non-smokers with the "rapid" Tyr/Tyr genotype. By contrast, a significant interaction of smoking and the exon 4 polymorphism was present.
authors: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia. sivonova@jfmed.uniba.sk
authors: M Kmetov
authors: MK
authors: Sivonova
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Dobrota
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Matakova
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Dusenka
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Grobarcikova
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Habala
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Salagovic
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tajtakova
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Pidanicova
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Valansky
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Lachvacs
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kliment
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Nagy
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kliment
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes / Q000201:enzymology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk; D018154:Slovakia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; C522330:EPHX1 protein, human