title: Protective effect of ginseng sapogenins against 2,2'-azobis (1-aminopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LLC-PK₁ cell damage.
abstract: The effect of ginseng sapogenins, aglycone parts of ginsenosides, against oxidative damage by radical generator, 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), in renal epithelial LLC-PK(1) cells was investigated to identify the structural characteristics of sapogenins to have renoprotective effects. Of the tested sapogenins, Δ(20(21))-protopanaxatriol showed the strongest protective effect against the AAPH-induced LLC-PK(1) cell damage. Based on the structure and stronger activity of Δ(20(21))-protopanaxatriol than the other sapogenins, the hydroxyl group in C-6 and double bond in C-20(21) position were important for renoprotective effect of sapogenin against oxidative stress.
authors: Natural Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 210-340, Republic of Korea.
authors: Ki Sung
authors: KS
authors: Kang
authors: Hyun Young
authors: HY
authors: Kim
authors: Hye Hyun
authors: HH
authors: Yoo
authors: Xiang Lan
authors: XL
authors: Piao
authors: Jungyeob
authors: J
authors: Ham
authors: Hyun Ok
authors: HO
authors: Yang
authors: Jeong Hill
authors: JH
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000578:Amidines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D015195:Drug Design; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008954:Models, Biological; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D005894:Panax / Q000378:metabolism*; D012502:Sapogenins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000578:Amidines; D012502:Sapogenins; C046728:2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)