title: Effects of furosemide and the combination of furosemide and the labeled dosage of pimobendan on the circulating renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in clinically normal dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of administration of the labeled dosage of pimobendan to dogs with furosemide-induced activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
  
  
  METHODS
  12 healthy hound-type dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were allocated into 2 groups (6 dogs/group). One group received furosemide (2 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) for 10 days (days 1 to 10). The second group received a combination of furosemide (2 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) and pimobendan (0.25 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h) for 10 days (days 1 to 10). To determine the effect of the medications on the RAAS, 2 urine samples/d were obtained for determination of the urinary aldosterone-to-creatinine ratio (A:C) on days 0 (baseline), 5, and 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean ± SD urinary A:C increased significantly after administration of furosemide (baseline, 0.37 ± 0.14 μg/g; day 5, 0.89 ± 0.23 μg/g) or the combination of furosemide and pimobendan (baseline, 0.36 ± 0.22 μg/g; day 5, 0.88 ± 0.55 μg/g). Mean urinary A:C on day 10 was 0.95 ± 0.63 μg/g for furosemide alone and 0.85 ± 0.21 μg/g for the combination of furosemide and pimobendan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Furosemide-induced RAAS activation appeared to plateau by day 5. Administration of pimobendan at a standard dosage did not enhance or suppress furosemide-induced RAAS activation. These results in clinically normal dogs suggested that furosemide, administered with or without pimobendan, should be accompanied by RAAS-suppressive treatment.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
authors: Andrea C
authors: AC
authors: Lantis
authors: Clarke E
authors: CE
authors: Atkins
authors: Teresa C
authors: TC
authors: DeFrancesco
authors: Bruce W
authors: BW
authors: Keene
authors: Stephen R
authors: SR
authors: Werre
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D049994:Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D002712:Chlorides; D004232:Diuretics; D011724:Pyridazines; D049994:Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C041648:pimobendan; D000450:Aldosterone; D005665:Furosemide; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D011188:Potassium