title: Transplantation in the onco-hematology field: focus on the manipulation of αβ and γδ T cells.
abstract: γ/δ T cells represent a subset of T cells expressing a T cell receptor (TCR) variant composed of gamma and delta chains. The γ/δ TCR is expressed by 2-10% of all T cells in human peripheral blood, whereas the majority of T cells express α/β TCRs. γ/δ T cells display a range of innate effector functions including rapid secretion of chemokines and cytokines, as well as target cell lysis. Recent interest has focused on the function of γ/δ T lymphocytes in allogeneic transplantation in the onco-hematology field. Several studies, in vitro and in vivo, suggest that γ/δ T lymphocytes are potential beneficial effector cells in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In addition, in this review, we discuss the depletion of α/β T lymphocytes in the graft for allogeneic transplantation. In fact, an efficient TCR α/β cell depletion potentially reduces the risk of GvHD. Furthermore, TCR α/β T cell depletion, especially with immunomagnetic negative selection, retains other potential beneficial effector cells in the graft, such as γ/δ T cells, NK cells, and stem cells. These "facilitating" cells might facilitate engraftment, exert GvL effects, and reduce the risk for infections.
authors: Stem Cells Processing Laboratory, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Daniele
authors: Maria Cristina
authors: MC
authors: Scerpa
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: Caniglia
authors: Maria Ester
authors: ME
authors: Bernardo
authors: Cecilia
authors: C
authors: Rossi
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Ciammetti
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Palumbo
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Locatelli
authors: Giancarlo
authors: G
authors: Isacchi
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Zinno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006087:Graft vs Host Reaction; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006789:Host vs Graft Reaction; D006801:Humans; D047589:Leukocyte Reduction Procedures; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000276:immunology*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta