title: Underwater sensor networks: applications, advances and challenges.
abstract: This paper examines the main approaches and challenges in the design and implementation of underwater wireless sensor networks. We summarize key applications and the main phenomena related to acoustic propagation, and discuss how they affect the design and operation of communication systems and networking protocols at various layers. We also provide an overview of communications hardware, testbeds and simulation tools available to the research community.
authors: Information Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA. johnh@isi.edu
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Heidemann
authors: Milica
authors: M
authors: Stojanovic
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Zorzi