title: Diagnosis of cystocele type by clinical examination and pelvic floor ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use the International Continence Society pelvic organ prolapse quantification (ICS POP-Q) examination to distinguish between two types of cystocele and compare findings with pelvic floor ultrasound results.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 94 patients who underwent a structured interview, physical examination using the ICS POP-Q, four-dimensional pelvic-floor ultrasound examination and multichannel urodynamic testing. Cystourethrocele (Green type II) and isolated cystocele (Green type III) were differentiated by the presence of an anterior vaginal wall groove on POP-Q examination and by measurement of the retrovesical angle on pelvic floor ultrasound. Clinical examination was performed by two observers, blinded to each other's results, and an ultrasound examination was subsequently performed by the first observer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The agreement between two observers for the clinical diagnosis of cystocele types was moderate (κ = 0.561 and 0.544, P < 0.0001). Clinical diagnosis showed moderate to good agreement with ultrasound findings for both observers (κ between 0.318 and 0.794, P ≤ 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiological cystocele type (Green classification) can be distinguished both clinically and on ultrasound, and agreement between methods as well as interobserver agreement for the clinical diagnosis is moderate to good.
authors: Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW, Australia. varis@loxinfo.co.th
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Chantarasorn
authors: H P
authors: HP
authors: Dietz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D052858:Cystocele / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010808:Physical Examination; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014563:Urodynamics; D014621:Vagina