title: Short-term effects of liraglutide on visceral fat adiposity, appetite, and food preference: a pilot study of obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To examine the effects of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, on visceral fat adiposity, appetite, food preference, and biomarkers of cardiovascular system in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects were 20 inpatients with type 2 diabetes treated with liraglutide [age; 61.2 ± 14.0 years, duration of diabetes; 16.9 ± 6.6 years, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); 9.1 ± 1.2%, body mass index (BMI); 28.3 ± 5.2 kg/m(2), mean ± SD]. After improvement in glycemic control by insulin or oral glucose-lowering agents, patients were switched to liraglutide. We assessed the estimated visceral fat area (eVFA) by abdominal bioelectrical impedance analysis, glycemic control by the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and eating behavior by the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with liraglutide (dose range: 0.3 to 0.9 mg/day) for 20.0 ± 6.4 days significantly reduced waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, eVFA. It also significantly improved the scores of eating behavior, food preference and the urge for fat intake and tended to reduce scores for sense of hunger. Liraglutide increased serum C-peptide immunoreactivity and disposition index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term treatment with liraglutide improved visceral fat adiposity, appetite, food preference and the urge for fat intake in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Japan.
authors: Kana
authors: K
authors: Inoue
authors: Norikazu
authors: N
authors: Maeda
authors: Susumu
authors: S
authors: Kashine
authors: Yuya
authors: Y
authors: Fujishima
authors: Junji
authors: J
authors: Kozawa
authors: Aki
authors: A
authors: Hiuge-Shimizu
authors: Kohei
authors: K
authors: Okita
authors: Akihisa
authors: A
authors: Imagawa
authors: Tohru
authors: T
authors: Funahashi
authors: Iichiro
authors: I
authors: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects*; D000368:Aged; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000187:drug effects*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007564:Japan; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069450:Liraglutide; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human