title: Effect-site concentration of remifentanil for nasotracheal versus orotracheal intubation during target-controlled infusion of propofol.
abstract: The concentration of remifentanil required for acceptable nasotracheal intubation in adults after target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol without neuromuscular blockade was compared with that required for orotracheal intubation. Twenty-five patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial  surgery received nasotracheal intubation and 25 undergoing ear, nose and throat surgery received orotracheal intubation. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol TCI at a target effect-site concentration of 5.0 μg/ml. The 50% and 95% effective concentrations (EC(50) and EC(95),  respectively) for remifentanil, calculated using isotonic regression, were 5.40 and 6.85 ng/ml, respectively, in the orotracheal group and 5.75 and 7.43 ng/ml in the nasotracheal group. The EC(50) (± SD) values for remifentanil, calculated using a modified Dixon's up-and-down  method, were 6.08 ± 0.75 and 5.58 ± 0.75 ng/ml for nasotracheal and orotracheal intubation, respectively. Effect-site remifentanil concentrations did not differ significantly between the two groups of patients. Coadministration of propofol and remifentanil can provide acceptable  conditions for nasotracheal intubation without neuromuscular blockade.
authors: Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gachon University of Science and Medicine, Gil Medical Centre, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
authors: H J
authors: HJ
authors: Kwak
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Min
authors: D H
authors: DH
authors: Kim
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kang
authors: J Y
authors: JY
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth; D009666:Nose; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015742:Propofol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077208:Remifentanil; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D010880:Piperidines; D000077208:Remifentanil; D015742:Propofol