title: Cigarette smoking and the risk of dying from tobacco-related malignancies by race.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim was to investigate whether differential risks from cigarette smoking contribute to the disproportionate burden of tobacco-related malignancies other than lung cancer (TRM-nonLC) suffered by African Americans (AAs) compared to Caucasians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from two prospective cohort studies (39% AAs) established in 1960 and followed through 1990 and 2000 in the southeastern U.S. were pooled (N=5,363). Each cohort had 30 years minimum follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to Caucasians, the association between cigarette smoking and TRM-nonLC was significantly weaker in the AA men (hazards ratio (HR) 1.0 in AA men versus 3.6 in Caucasian men) and non-significantly weaker in the AA women (HR 1.1 in AA women versus 2.7 in Caucasian women).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these study cohorts, differential susceptibility to tobacco-caused carcinogenesis was, by itself, an unlikely contributing factor to the racial disparity in tobacco-related malignancies.
authors: Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
authors: Jill N
authors: JN
authors: Curran
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Garrett-Mayer
authors: Matthew J
authors: MJ
authors: Carpenter
authors: Marvella E
authors: ME
authors: Ford
authors: Gerard A
authors: GA
authors: Silvestri
authors: Daniel T
authors: DT
authors: Lackland
authors: Anthony J
authors: AJ
authors: Alberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013022:South Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D015996:Survival Rate; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult