title: Association between obesity, metabolic risks and serum osteocalcin level in postmenopausal women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, is also known as a regulator of glucose and fat mass. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between obesity, metabolic risks and serum osteocalcin in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 214 postmenopausal women and determined serum osteocalcin, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, and anthropometric values (body mass index [BMI], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], body fat, and visceral fat area [VFA]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for age and years since menopause, WHR and VFA were negatively correlated with serum osteocalcin, but BMI did not show a significant correlation. Serum osteocalcin was negatively correlated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, but FPG, lipid profile, and blood pressure did not show a significant correlation. Based on multiple regression analysis, age and HOMA-IR were the most important predictors of osteocalcin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed that serum osteocalcin has some significance as an indicator of metabolic risk, including abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. Bone as well as adipose tissue may be an active organ that regulates energy metabolism. A larger study will be needed to clarify the potential of osteocalcin as an indicator of cardiovascular disease.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors: Suk Woo
authors: SW
authors: Lee
authors: Hyun Hee
authors: HH
authors: Jo
authors: Mee Ran
authors: MR
authors: Kim
authors: Young Oak
authors: YO
authors: You
authors: Jang Heub
authors: JH
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D015675:Osteocalcin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein