title: Stereoacuity and intraocular surgical skill: effect of stereoacuity level on virtual reality intraocular surgical performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of stereoacuity on various intraocular surgical skills in inexperienced medical students using a virtual reality intraocular surgical simulator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö: Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninth-semester medical students performed 1 iteration on each of the following 3 cataract training modules: navigation, forceps, and capsulorhexis. Before the simulator training, the trainees received standardized instructions and were allowed to perform 1 training round on the cataract navigation training module. After completion of the training, the level of stereoacuity was measured using TNO charts. Surgical performance for each task was measured, and performance parameter scores were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 70 students. The simulator performance score correlated with the level of stereoacuity for the navigation training module (Spearman r = 0.377, P=.001) and forceps training module (Spearman r = 0.306, P=.01), showing a gradual increase in surgical performance with increasing stereoacuity. No such relationship was found for the capsulorhexis module (Spearman r = 0.18, P=.136).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A gradual detrimental effect on initial intraocular surgical skill with decreasing stereoacuity was shown. This calls for studies of the impact of deficient stereopsis on long-term training effects.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. madeleine.selvander@skane.se
authors: Madeleine
authors: M
authors: Selvander
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Åsman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards*; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003867:Depth Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000193:education; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult