title: Changes in male fertility in the last two decades.
abstract: Since the first "test tube" baby, Louise Brown, was born on July 25, 1978, there have been unbridled advances in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. There have now been more than 4 million individuals born using assisted reproductive technologies, with approximately 170,000 coming from donated oocytes and embryos. There have been many other significant achievements in the treatment of male infertility in recent decades, which are included in this review.
authors: Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. kloughlin@partners.org
authors: Kevin R
authors: KR
authors: Loughlin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000639:trends*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult