title: Influence of surface charge on the potential toxicity of PLGA nanoparticles towards Calu-3 cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because of the described hazards related to inhalation of manufactured nanoparticles, we investigated the lung toxicity of biodegradable poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles displaying various surface properties on human bronchial Calu-3 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Positively and negatively charged as well as neutral nanoparticles were tailored by coating their surface with chitosan, Poloxamer, or poly (vinyl alcohol), respectively. Nanoparticles were characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, and surface chemical composition, confirming modifications provided by hydrophilic polymers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although nanoparticle internalization by lung cells was clearly demonstrated, the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was very limited, with an absence of inflammatory response, regardless of the surface properties of the PLGA nanoparticles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These in vitro results highlight the safety of biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles in the bronchial epithelium and provide initial data on their potential effects and the risks associated with their use as nanomedicines.
authors: Univ Paris-Sud, UMR 8612, Châtenay Malabry, F-92296, France.
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Mura
authors: Herve
authors: H
authors: Hillaireau
authors: Julien
authors: J
authors: Nicolas
authors: Benjamin
authors: B
authors: Le Droumaguet
authors: Claire
authors: C
authors: Gueutin
authors: Sandrine
authors: S
authors: Zanna
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Tsapis
authors: Elias
authors: E
authors: Fattal
mesh_terms: D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000737:chemistry; D055672:Static Electricity; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012235:Rhodamines; D020442:Poloxamer; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D048271:Chitosan; C029773:rhodamine B