title: Gene expression analysis of host innate immune responses in the central nervous system following lethal CVS-11 infection in mice.
abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) tissue of mice infected with the CVS-11 strain of  rabies virus (RABV) was subjected to gene expression analysis using microarray and canonical  pathway analyses. Genes associated with innate immunity as well as inflammatory responses were  significantly up-regulated, corroborating with the previous findings obtained using attenuated  viruses that did not induce a fatal outcome in infected mice. Histopathological examination showed  that neurons in the cerebellum had undergone apoptosis. Although the extent of Fas ligand  up-regulation was not so prominent, perforin and granzyme genes were highly expressed in the CNS of  mice infected with CVS-11. The presence of perforin and granzymes both in the Purkinje cells and  CD3 T lymphocytes strongly suggested that apoptosis of the former cells was induced by the latter  cells.
authors: Department of Veterinary Science, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Naoko
authors: N
authors: Sugiura
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Uda
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Inoue
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Kojima
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Hamamoto
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Kaku
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Okutani
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Noguchi
authors: Chun-Ho
authors: CH
authors: Park
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Yamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002460:Cell Line; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D011818:Rabies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction