title: Generation of skeletal muscle cells from embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells as an in vitro model and for therapy of muscular dystrophies.
abstract: Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness likely associated with exhaustion of muscle regeneration potential. At present, no cures or efficacious treatments are available for these diseases, but cell transplantation could be a potential therapeutic strategy. Transplantation of myoblasts using satellite cells or other myogenic cell populations has been attempted to promote muscle regeneration, based on the hypothesis that the donor cells repopulate the muscle and contribute to its regeneration. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and more recently induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could generate an unlimited source of differentiated cell types, including myogenic cells. Here we review the literature regarding the generation of myogenic cells considering the main techniques employed to date to elicit efficient differentiation of human and murine ESCs or iPSCs into skeletal muscle. We also critically analyse the possibility of using these cellular populations as an alternative source of myogenic cells for cell therapy of MDs.
authors: Department of Neurological Sciences, Dino Ferrari Centre, University of Milan, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. sabrina.salani@unimi.it
authors: Sabrina
authors: S
authors: Salani
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Donadoni
authors: Federica
authors: F
authors: Rizzo
authors: Nereo
authors: N
authors: Bresolin
authors: Giacomo P
authors: GP
authors: Comi
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: Corti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D057026:Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation*; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000628:therapy*; D012038:Regeneration; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation