title: Arginylation and methylation double up to regulate nuclear proteins and nuclear architecture in vivo.
abstract: Protein arginylation and arginine methylation are two posttranslational modifications of emerging importance that involve Arg residues and their modifications. To test a hypothesis that posttranslationally added arginines can be methylated, we used high-precision mass spectrometry and metabolic labeling to find whether posttranslationally added arginines can serve as methylation sites. We identified a number of proteins in vivo, on which posttranslationally added Arg have undergone mono- and dimethylation. This double modification predominantly affects the chromatin-containing nuclear fraction and likely plays an important regulatory role in chromatin-associated proteins. Moreover, inhibition of arginylation and Arg methylation results in a significant reduction of the nucleus size in cultured cells, suggesting changes in chromatin compaction and nuclear architecture. Our findings suggest a functional link between protein regulation by arginylation and methylation that affects nuclear structure in vivo.
authors: Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors: Sougata
authors: S
authors: Saha
authors: Catherine C L
authors: CC
authors: Wong
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Xu
authors: Suk
authors: S
authors: Namgoong
authors: Henry
authors: H
authors: Zebroski
authors: John R
authors: JR
authors: Yates
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Kashina
mesh_terms: D019881:Aminoacyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D048429:Cell Size; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C535077:7,7'-carbonylbis(azanediyl) bis(4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid; D002843:Chromatin; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014508:Urea; D001120:Arginine; D019881:Aminoacyltransferases; C019727:arginyltransferase