title: Thromboelastography in healthy, sick non-septic and septic neonatal foals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate citrated recalcified thromboelastography (TEG) in healthy newborn foals, and to determine intra-assay, inter-individual and intra-individual (at 12 h, 24 h and 7 days after birth) variations. Additionally, to compare TEG variables, haematological values and conventional coagulation profiles from healthy, sick non-septic, and septic foals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 18 healthy, 15 sick non-septic and 17 septic foals. Two citrated (3.2%; 1 : 9 anticoagulant : blood ratio) blood samples were submitted for haemostatic evaluation using a TEG analyser and conventional coagulation profile. TEG values (R time (R), K time (K), angle (α), maximum amplitude (MA) and G value (G)), complete blood count (CBC) and conventional coagulation profile (prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen concentration (Fib) and antithrombin (AT)) were evaluated. Signalment, presenting complaint, sepsis scores, blood culture results and outcome were taken from the medical records of the sick foals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean values ± SD for TEG variables in healthy neonatal foals were: R = 11.82 ± 5.35 min, K = 3.06 ± 1.34 min, α= 51.19 ± 12.66 degrees, MA = 55.06 ± 6.67 mm and G = 6361 ± 1700 dyn/cm(2) . Mean coefficients of variation for intra-assay/inter-individual/intra-individual in healthy foals were: R = 3.5/45.2/43.1%; K = 5.3/58.7/28.7%; α= 1.5/24.7/11.9%; MA = 0.3/12.1/6.1%; G = 1.6/26.7/14.7%. Septic foals had significantly greater α, MA and G values than sick non-septic foals, and significantly greater MA and G than healthy foals, changes that are consistent with hypercoagulability. Weak correlations were detected between TEG variables and haematological or haemostatic values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TEG could be used to provide additional information about the haemostatic system in equine neonates.
authors: Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, 55108, USA. v12meanj@uco.es
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Mendez-Angulo
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Mudge
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Zaldivar-Lopez
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Vilar-Saavedra
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Couto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002951:Citrates; D005260:Female; D006487:Hemostasis; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018805:Sepsis / Q000662:veterinary*; D013916:Thrombelastography / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D013925:Thromboplastin
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; D013925:Thromboplastin