title: Oleuropein ameliorates acute colitis in mice.
abstract: Oleuropein, the major secoiridoid in olive tree leaves, possesses a wide range of health promoting properties. It has recently been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. We have evaluated the effect of oleuropein on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice in order to provide insight into its mechanisms of action. Oral administration of oleuropein notably attenuated the extent and severity of acute colitis while reducing neutrophil infiltration; production of NO, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; expression of iNOS, COX-2, and MMP-9; and the translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit to the nucleus in colon tissue. In LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages, the oleuropein metabolite, hydroxytyrosol, was shown to inhibit NO production, iNOS expression, NF-κB p65 subunit translocation, mRNA expression, and the release of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. These results suggest that the effect of oleuropein on DSS-induced colitis is associated with a decrease in the production of interleukins and expression of proteins, principally through reduction of NF-κB activation.
authors: Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av Vicent Andrés Estellés, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors: Elisa
authors: E
authors: Giner
authors: Isabel
authors: I
authors: Andújar
authors: M Carmen
authors: MC
authors: Recio
authors: José Luis
authors: JL
authors: Ríos
authors: José Miguel
authors: JM
authors: Cerdá-Nicolás
authors: Rosa M
authors: RM
authors: Giner
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D005260:Female; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011714:Pyrans / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D011714:Pyrans; C005975:3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol; C002769:oleuropein; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol