title: Complementary approaches to gauge the bioavailability and distribution of ingested berry polyphenolics.
abstract: Two different strategies for investigating the likely fate, after ingestion, of natural, bioactive berry constituents (anthocyanins and other non-nutritive flavonoids) are compared. A model of the human gastrointestinal tract (TIM-1) that mimicked the biological environment from the point of swallowing and ingestion through the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (but not the colon) was used to monitor the stability and bioaccessibility of anthocyanins from both maqui berry and wild blueberry. TIM-1 revealed that most anthocyanins were bioaccessible between the second and third hours after intake. Alternatively, biolabeled anthocyanins and other flavonoids generated in vitro from berry and grape cell cultures were administered to in vivo (rodent) models, allowing measurement and tracking of the absorption and transport of berry constituents and clearance through the urinary tract and colon. The advantages and limitations of the alternative strategies are considered.
authors: Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University , 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States.
authors: Mary Ann
authors: MA
authors: Lila
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Ribnicky
authors: Leonel E
authors: LE
authors: Rojo
authors: Patricio
authors: P
authors: Rojas-Silva
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Oren
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Havenaar
authors: Elsa M
authors: EM
authors: Janle
authors: Ilya
authors: I
authors: Raskin
authors: Gad G
authors: GG
authors: Yousef
authors: Mary H
authors: MH
authors: Grace
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D029798:Blueberry Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002460:Cell Line; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D064209:Phytochemicals; D059808:Polyphenols