title: Acute energy cost of multi-modal activity-based therapy in persons with spinal cord injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine acute energy costs of multi-modal activity-based therapy (ABT) in men and women with spinal cord injury (SCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  An outpatient center in California.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven men and women (age = 28.3 ± 11.6 years; duration of injury = 4.3 ± 2.5 years) with injury levels ranging from C5 to T8.
  
  
  METHODS
  Activity-based therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oxygen uptake  (VO(2)), energy expenditure (kcal/minute), SCI Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) (1 MET = 2.7 ml/kg/minute).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oxygen uptake (VO(2)) during ABT ranged from 5.10 to 8.62 ml/kg/minute, with VO(2) consistently higher during  modalities involving load bearing versus non-load bearing (P = 0.08). SCI MET values ranged from 1.89 to 3.24 and were significantly higher in subjects with mid-thoracic injury versus low-cervical injury (P = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data reveal  that multi-modal ABT increases VO(2) in persons with SCI, but energy expenditure is relatively low. Strategies must be identified to optimize energy expenditure in the SCI to reduce health risks. Modalities involving load bearing seem to be superior to non-load-bearing activities.  VO(2) was greater in response to load-bearing modalities than non-load-bearing modalities. It remains to be determined whether chronic ABT enhances cardiovascular fitness and reduces disease risks in this population.
authors: Project Walk Spinal Cord Injury Recovery Center, Carlsbad, CA, USA. eharness@projectwalk.org
authors: Eric Turner
authors: ET
authors: Harness
authors: Todd A
authors: TA
authors: Astorino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D057173:Recreation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016474:Weight-Bearing; D055815:Young Adult