title: The development of alum rates to enhance the remediation of phosphorus in fluvial systems following manure spills.
abstract: Following the remediation of animal manure spills that reach surface waters, contaminated streambed sediments are often left in place and become a source for internal phosphorus (P) loading within the stream in subsequent flow. The objective of this study was to develop treatment rates and combinations of alum and CaCO(3) to mitigate P from contaminated sediments of different particle size distributions following a manure spill. Sediment specific alum and CaCO(3) treatment rates were developed based upon the resultant alum treatment ranges established for each sediment type. Clay loam sediments required 54% more alum to mitigate P desorption relative to sediments that contain at least 60% sand. Amending sediments with the highest rates of alum/alum + CaCO(3), resulted in a 98-100% reduction in P desorption and a similar water column pH for all sediments types. Observations from this study demonstrated the effectiveness of alum/alum + CaCO(3) to increase P retention in sediments following a manure spill.
authors: Department of Agriculture, Illinois State University, Campus Box 5020, Normal, IL 61790-5020, USA. sdarmst@ilstu.edu
authors: Shalamar D
authors: SD
authors: Armstrong
authors: Douglas R
authors: DR
authors: Smith
authors: Phillip R
authors: PR
authors: Owens
authors: Brad C
authors: BC
authors: Joern
authors: Chi-hau
authors: CH
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000534:Alum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000534:Alum Compounds; D008372:Manure; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus; C041524:aluminum sulfate; D002119:Calcium Carbonate