title: 2245G/A polymorphism of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) gene is associated with diabetic retinopathy in the Malaysian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between 2245G/A gene polymorphism of the RAGE gene and retinopathy in Malaysian type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  342 unrelated type 2 diabetic patients (171 with retinopathy (DR), 171 without retinopathy (DNR)) and 235 unrelated healthy subjects from all over Malaysia were recruited for this study. Genomic DNA was isolated from 3 ml samples of whole blood using a modified conventional DNA extraction method. The genotype and allele frequencies of 2245G/A were studied using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant difference in 2245A minor allele frequency was found between control (5.5%) and DR groups (15.2%) (p<0.001, OR=3.06, 95% CI 1.87 to 5.02) as well as between DNR (8.2%) and DR (15.2%) groups (p<0.01, OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.24 to 3.27). However, when the frequency was compared between control and DNR groups, there was no significant difference (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study that shows an association between the 2245A allele of the RAGE gene and development of diabetic retinopathy in the Malaysian population.
authors: Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
authors: Zhi Xiang
authors: ZX
authors: Ng
authors: Umah Rani
authors: UR
authors: Kuppusamy
authors: Iqbal
authors: I
authors: Tajunisah
authors: Kenneth Choong Sian
authors: KC
authors: Fong
authors: Adrian Choon Aun
authors: AC
authors: Koay
authors: Kek Heng
authors: KH
authors: Chua
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic