title: Resistance to BRAF inhibitors: unraveling mechanisms and future treatment options.
abstract: The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway has emerged as a central target for melanoma therapy due to its persistent activation in the majority of tumors. Several BRAF inhibitors aimed at curbing MAPK pathway activity are currently in advanced stages of clinical investigation. However, their therapeutic success is limited by the emergence of drug resistance, as responses are transient and tumors eventually recur. To develop effective and long-lasting therapies for melanoma patients, it is essential to understand the mechanisms underlying resistance to BRAF inhibitors. Here, we briefly review recent preclinical studies that have provided insight into the molecular mechanisms of resistance to BRAF inhibitors and discuss potential strategies to treat drug-resistant melanomas.
authors: Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors: Jessie
authors: J
authors: Villanueva
authors: Adina
authors: A
authors: Vultur
authors: Meenhard
authors: M
authors: Herlyn
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases