title: The lactic acid bacterium Pediococcus acidilactici suppresses autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing IL-10-producing regulatory T cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Certain intestinal microflora are thought to regulate the systemic immune response. Lactic acid bacteria are one of the most studied bacteria in terms of their beneficial effects on health and autoimmune diseases; one of which is Multiple sclerosis (MS) which affects the central nervous system. We investigated whether the lactic acid bacterium Pediococcus acidilactici, which comprises human commensal bacteria, has beneficial effects on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  P. acidilactici R037 was orally administered to EAE mice to investigate the effects of R037. R037 treatment suppressed clinical EAE severity as prophylaxis and therapy. The antigen-specific production of inflammatory cytokines was inhibited in R037-treated mice. A significant increase in the number of CD4(+) Interleukin (IL)-10-producing cells was observed in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and spleens isolated from R037-treated naive mice, while no increase was observed in the number of these cells in the lamina propria. Because only a slight increase in the CD4(+)Foxp3(+) cells was observed in MLNs, R037 may primarily induce Foxp3(-) IL10-producing T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells in MLNs, which contribute to the beneficial effect of R037 on EAE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An orally administered single strain of P. acidilactici R037 ameliorates EAE by inducing IL10-producing Tr1 cells. Our findings indicate the therapeutic potential of the oral administration of R037 for treating multiple sclerosis.
authors: Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors: Kazushiro
authors: K
authors: Takata
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Kinoshita
authors: Tatsusada
authors: T
authors: Okuno
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Moriya
authors: Tohru
authors: T
authors: Kohda
authors: Josephe A
authors: JA
authors: Honorat
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Sugimoto
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Kumanogoh
authors: Hisako
authors: H
authors: Kayama
authors: Kiyoshi
authors: K
authors: Takeda
authors: Saburo
authors: S
authors: Sakoda
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Nakatsuji
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D004660:Encephalitis; D005260:Female; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10; D019344:Lactic Acid