title: Human papillomavirus infection in oral papillary and verrucous lesions is a prognostic indicator of malignant transformation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies have demonstrated an increase in the incidence of HPV-associated oral squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the presentation of HPV in verrucous and papillary lesions of the oral mucosa and the relationship with the prognosis of the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three biopsy specimens from 31 patients were investigated by polymerase chain reaction using a consensus primer directed to the HPV L1 gene; this was followed by a confirmatory in situ hybridization to identify the HPV types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen tumor biopsies (28.3%) were positive for the HPV L1 gene, but only 8 specimens (15.1%) were found to be positive using in situ hybridization. The positive rates of HPV L1 gene were 58.8% and 13.9% in malignant and benign verrucous lesions, respectively. HPV infection is independently associated with malignant transformation and disease-specific survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of HPV infection is relatively low; however, the clinical outcome of patients with HPV-positive papillary and verrucous lesions was poor.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Niaosong District, Taiwan. cfhwang@hotmail.com
authors: Chung-Feng
authors: CF
authors: Hwang
authors: Chao-Cheng
authors: CC
authors: Huang
authors: Chih-Yen
authors: CY
authors: Chien
authors: Shun-Chen
authors: SC
authors: Huang
authors: Chao-Hui
authors: CH
authors: Yang
authors: Chih-Ying
authors: CY
authors: Su
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010212:Papilloma / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014860:Warts / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; C114580:HPV L1 protein, Human papillomavirus; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral