title: 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol: a one-day nose-only inhalation toxicokinetic study in the Sprague-Dawley rat with application to risk assessment.
abstract: 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (8:2 FTOH) inhalation exposure was investigated to (1) compare plasma metabolites to oral data, (2) conduct a route-to-route extrapolation (oral to inhalation), (3) develop a human equivalent air concentration (HEC) from a 90-day oral sub-chronic study in rats using BMD analysis, and (4) calculate a margin of exposure (MOE) between the HEC and measured air concentrations. Male and female rats were exposed nose-only for 6h at 3 or 30mg/m(3). Blood was collected at 1, 3 and 6h during exposure and 6 and 18h post exposure. Alcohol, perfluorocarboxylic acid and polyfluorinated acid metabolites were determined in plasma by LC-MS/MS. 8:2 FTOH was <LOQ (32nM) at the low exposure and quantifiable (37-69nM) at the high exposure. The quantifiable metabolites in plasma were dose proportional and comprised mainly of 8:2 FTCA, 7:3 Acid, and PFOA. By kinetic modeling, the yields of the terminal products 7:3 Acid (1.6-2.1 and 0.9mol%) and PFOA (1.0-1.2 and 0.3mol%) of the inhaled dose were low for male and female rats, respectively. The kinetic yield of PFOA after oral dosing was similar (1.1-1.7-fold) for male rats and greater (8-9-fold) for female rats relative to inhalation exposure, an observation confirmed by non-compartmental analysis. A BMDL10% (3.7mg/kg/day) was derived for mild hepatic necrosis observed in male rats following a 90-day oral dose study with 8:2 FTOH. The corresponding HECs were 1.8 and 3.7mg/m(3), which gave MOE values ranging from 1.8×10(4) to 6.1×10(6) based on reported ambient air concentrations of 0.3-209ng/m(3). These findings demonstrate rapid 8:2 FTOH uptake and clearance by the inhalation route and a consistent metabolite profile between inhalation and oral exposures in rats. No toxicity is expected in humans from typical ambient 8:2 FTOH air exposures.
authors: E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Haskell Global Centers for Health and Environmental Sciences, Newark, DE 19714-0050, USA. matthew.w.himmelstein@usa.dupont.com
authors: Matthew W
authors: MW
authors: Himmelstein
authors: Tessa L
authors: TL
authors: Serex
authors: Robert C
authors: RC
authors: Buck
authors: Jeffrey T
authors: JT
authors: Weinberg
authors: Michael P
authors: MP
authors: Mawn
authors: Mark H
authors: MH
authors: Russell
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001273:Atmosphere Exposure Chambers; D001711:Biotransformation; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006801:Humans; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; C033729:fluorotelomer alcohols