title: Regulation of mucosal IgA responses: lessons from primary immunodeficiencies.
abstract: Adaptive co-evolution of mammals and bacteria has led to the establishment of complex commensal communities on mucosal surfaces. In spite of having available a wealth of immune-sensing and effector mechanisms capable of triggering inflammation in response to microbial intrusion, mucosal immune cells establish an intimate dialogue with microbes to generate a state of hyporesponsiveness against commensals and active readiness against pathogens. A key component of this homeostatic balance is IgA, a noninflammatory antibody isotype produced by mucosal B cells through class switching. This process involves activation of B cells by IgA-inducing signals originating from mucosal T cells, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells. Here, we review the mechanisms by which mucosal B cells undergo IgA diversification and production and discuss how the study of primary immunodeficiencies facilitates better understanding of mucosal IgA responses in humans.
authors: Municipal Institute for Medical Research-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. acerutti@imim.es
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Cerutti
authors: Montserrat
authors: M
authors: Cols
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: Gentile
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Cassis
authors: Carolina M
authors: CM
authors: Barra
authors: Bing
authors: B
authors: He
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Puga
authors: Kang
authors: K
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A