title: Motor system development of the preterm and low birthweight infant.
abstract: Despite advances in knowledge and technology, accurate prediction of later neuromotor outcomes for infants born preterm remains somewhat elusive. Here we review some of the most recent findings regarding the differential effects of preterm birth and suboptimal fetal growth on neurodevelopment. Evidence from transcranial magnetic stimulation studies is presented that suggests neuromotor development may more directly influence cognitive outcomes than previously recognised. We discuss the role of neuroplasticity in both exacerbating and improving these postnatal outcomes, and possible therapeutic targets for manipulating this. Finally, some developmental care practices that might affect long-term outcomes for these children are discussed.
authors: Neuromotor Plasticity and Development, Robinson Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. julia.pitcher@adelaide.edu.au
authors: Julia B
authors: JB
authors: Pitcher
authors: Luke A
authors: LA
authors: Schneider
authors: John L
authors: JL
authors: Drysdale
authors: Michael C
authors: MC
authors: Ridding
authors: Julie A
authors: JA
authors: Owens
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000254:growth & development*