title: Antimicrobial resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from swine.
abstract: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rates and the trend in resistance of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pigs in Italy from 1994 to 2009. A total of 992 A. pleuropneumoniae isolates were tested for their susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobial agents in a disk diffusion method. Resistance to 7 drugs (amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cefquinome, cotrimoxazole, penicillin G and tilmicosin) showed a significant increasing trend over the time, while for 2 drugs (gentamycin and marbofloxacin) a significant decrease was observed. Resistance to the remaining 14 antimicrobial agents tested did not change significantly over the study period. Most of the isolates retained high susceptibility to antimicrobials usually effective against A. pleuropneumoniae such as amphenicols, fluoroquinolones and ceftiofur. However, high rates of resistance were observed for potentiated sulfa drugs, tetracyclines and penicillins which are currently recommended antimicrobials for pig pleuropneumonia therapy. Our results suggest the importance of continued monitoring of A. pleuropneumoniae clinical isolates in order to choose the most appropriate treatment of infections and to control the increase of resistance to currently used antimicrobials.
authors: Section of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. vanni@vet.unipi.it
authors: Michele
authors: M
authors: Vanni
authors: Marianna
authors: M
authors: Merenda
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Barigazzi
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Garbarino
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Luppi
authors: Rosalba
authors: R
authors: Tognetti
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Intorre
mesh_terms: D000189:Actinobacillus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016977:Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007558:Italy; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011001:Pleuropneumonia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents