title: Raman microspectroscopy detects epigenetic modifications in living Jurkat leukemic cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Classical biochemical and molecular methods for discerning cells with epigenetic modifications are often biologically perturbing or even destructive. We wondered whether the noninvasive laser tweezer Raman spectroscopy technique allowed the discrimination of single living human cells undergoing epigenetic modifications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human Jurkat leukemic cells were treated with inhibitors of histone deacetylases (trichostatin A and MS-275). Epigenetic changes were monitored through histone electrophoresis, nuclear image cytometry and laser tweezer Raman spectroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of Jurkat cells with histone deacetylase inhibitors increased histone acetylation and induced chromatin organization changes. Characteristic vibrations, issued from laser tweezer Raman spectroscopy analyses, mostly assigned to DNA and proteins allowed discerning histone deacetylase inhibitor-treated cells from control with high confidence. Statistical processing of laser tweezer Raman spectroscopy data led to the definition of specific biomolecular fingerprints of each cell group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This original study shows that laser tweezer Raman spectroscopy is a label-free rapid tool to identify living cells that underwent epigenetic changes.
authors: Unité MEDyC, UMR URCA CNRS 6237, IFR53, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Reims, Reims, France.
authors: Mathilde
authors: M
authors: Poplineau
authors: Aurélie
authors: A
authors: Trussardi-Régnier
authors: Teddy
authors: T
authors: Happillon
authors: Jean
authors: J
authors: Dufer
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Manfait
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Bernard
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Piot
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Antonicelli
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation / Q000187:drug effects; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D002843:Chromatin / Q000187:drug effects*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D019044:Image Cytometry; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D052898:Optical Tweezers; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D002843:Chromatin; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D011725:Pyridines; C118739:entinostat; C012589:trichostatin A