title: Baseline in vitro activities of the antimalarials pyronaridine and methylene blue against Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Kenya.
abstract: We have analyzed the in vitro activities of pyronaridine and methylene blue against 59 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Kenya in association with polymorphisms in Pfcrt (codon 76), Pfmdr1 (codon 86), and Pfnhe (full sequence). The median inhibitory concentrations that kill 50% of parasites were 13.5 and 3.3 nM for pyronaridine and methylene blue, respectively. Their activities were not associated with polymorphisms in these genes. The drugs' high in vitro activities indicate that they would be efficacious against Kenyan isolates in vivo.
authors: Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Wellcome Trust Collaborative Research Program, Kilifi, Kenya. jokombo@kilifi.kemri-wellcome.org
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Okombo
authors: Steven M
authors: SM
authors: Kiara
authors: Leah
authors: L
authors: Mwai
authors: Lewa
authors: L
authors: Pole
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Ohuma
authors: Lynette Isabella
authors: LI
authors: Ochola
authors: Alexis
authors: A
authors: Nzila
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000469:parasitology*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests / Q000592:standards; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D009287:Naphthyridines; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D008751:Methylene Blue; C027871:pyronaridine