title: Embryotoxicity of Corexit 9500 in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos).
abstract: Embryotoxicity of the oil dispersant Corexit 9500 was examined using fertilized mallard duck eggs. Corexit 9500 was topically applied below the air cell to eggs in volumes ranging from 0 to 100 μL on day 3 of incubation. The highest incidence of mortality occurred at developmental stage 4, one day post-Corexit 9500 application. Hatching success was significantly decreased among eggs treated with ≥ 20 μL of Corexit 9500 as compared to controls (P ≤ 0.047). No egg treated with ≥ 40 μL successfully hatched. The application volume resulting in 50% mortality (corrected for control survival) was determined to be 15.5 μL. Developmental stage at embryo death was also significantly decreased compared to controls in eggs exposed to 40 μL (P = 0.0042) and above.
authors: Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
authors: Kimberly J
authors: KJ
authors: Wooten
authors: Bryson E
authors: BE
authors: Finch
authors: Philip N
authors: PN
authors: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055884:Chemical Hazard Release; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004372:Ducks / Q000502:physiology*; D020964:Embryo Loss / Q000139:chemically induced; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D007267:Injections; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D012098:Reproduction; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D015053:Zygote / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C470995:corexit 9500