title: Herth hope index: psychometric testing of the Chinese version.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article is a report on psychometric testing of the Chinese version of the herth hope index.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The availability of a valid and reliable instrument that accurately measures the level of hope in patients with heart failure is crucial before any hope-enhancing interventions can be appropriately planned and evaluated. There is no such instrument for Chinese people.
  
  
  METHODS
  A test-retest, within-subjects design was used. A purposive sample of 120 Hong Kong Chinese patients with heart failure between the ages of 60 and 80 years admitted to two medical wards was recruited during an 8-month period in 2009. Participants were asked to respond to the Chinese version of the herth hope index, Hamilton depression rating scale and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale. The internal consistency, content validity and construct validity and test-retest reliability of the Chinese version of the herth hope index were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The newly translated scale demonstrated adequate internal consistency, good content validity and appropriate convergent and discriminant validity. Confirmatory factor analysis added further evidence of the construct validity of the scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that the newly translated scale can be used as a self-report assessment tool in assessing the level of hope in Hong Kong Chinese patients with heart failure.
authors: United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong.
authors: Keung Sum
authors: KS
authors: Chan
authors: Ho Cheung William
authors: HC
authors: Li
authors: Sally Wai-Chi
authors: SW
authors: Chan
authors: Violeta
authors: V
authors: Lopez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000523:psychology*; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010361:Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires