title: Narrow-band imaging without magnification for detecting early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare narrow-band imaging (NBI) without image magnification, and chromoendoscopy with Lugol's solution for detecting high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in patients with head and neck cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective observational study of 129 patients with primary head and neck tumors consecutively referred to the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit of Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo University Medical School, Brazil, between August 2006 and February 2007. Conventional examinations with NBI and Lugol chromoendoscopy were consecutively performed, and the discovered lesions were mapped, recorded and sent for biopsy. The results of the three methods were compared regarding sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood value and negative likelihood value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 129 patients, nine (7%) were diagnosed with SCC, 5 of which were in situ and 4 which were intramucosal. All carcinomas were detected through NBI and Lugol chromoendoscopy. Only 4 lesions were diagnosed through conventional examination, all of which were larger than 10 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NBI technology with optical filters has high sensitivity and high negative predictive value for detecting superficial esophageal SCC, and produces results comparable to those obtained with 2.5% Lugol chromoendoscopy.
authors: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. contato@edsonide.med.br
authors: Edson
authors: E
authors: Ide
authors: Fauze
authors: F
authors: Maluf-Filho
authors: Dalton Marques
authors: DM
authors: Chaves
authors: Sergio Eiji
authors: SE
authors: Matuguma
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007454:Iodides; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007454:Iodides; C010389:Lugol's solution