title: Faster thalamocortical processing for dark than light visual targets.
abstract: ON and OFF visual pathways originate in the retina at the synapse between photoreceptor and bipolar cells. OFF bipolar cells are shorter in length and use receptors with faster kinetics than ON bipolar cells and, therefore, process information faster. Here, we demonstrate that this temporal advantage is maintained through thalamocortical processing, with OFF visual responses reaching cortex ~3-6 ms before ON visual responses. Faster OFF visual responses could be demonstrated in recordings from large populations of cat thalamic neurons representing the center of vision (both X and Y) and from subpopulations making connection with the same cortical orientation column. While the OFF temporal advantage diminished as visual responses reached their peak, the integral of the impulse response was greater in OFF than ON neurons. Given the stimulus preferences from OFF and ON channels, our results indicate that darks are processed faster than lights in the thalamocortical pathway.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY Optometry, New York, New York 10036, USA.
authors: Jianzhong
authors: J
authors: Jin
authors: Yushi
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Lashgari
authors: Harvey A
authors: HA
authors: Swadlow
authors: Jose-Manuel
authors: JM
authors: Alonso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology; D051245:Retinal Bipolar Cells / Q000502:physiology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*