title: Glutathionylation in the photosynthetic model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: a proteomic survey.
abstract: Protein glutathionylation is a redox post-translational modification occurring under oxidative stress conditions and playing a major role in cell regulation and signaling. This modification has been mainly studied in nonphotosynthetic organisms, whereas much less is known in photosynthetic organisms despite their important exposure to oxidative stress caused by changes in environmental conditions. We report a large scale proteomic analysis using biotinylated glutathione and streptavidin affinity chromatography that allowed identification of 225 glutathionylated proteins in the eukaryotic unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Moreover, 56 sites of glutathionylation were also identified after peptide affinity purification and tandem mass spectrometry. The targets identified belong to a wide range of biological processes and pathways, among which the Calvin-Benson cycle appears to be a major target. The glutathionylation of four enzymes of this cycle, phosphoribulokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, ribose-5-phosphate isomerase, and phosphoglycerate kinase was confirmed by Western blot and activity measurements. The results suggest that glutathionylation could constitute a major mechanism of regulation of the Calvin-Benson cycle under oxidative stress conditions.
authors: Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France.
authors: Mirko
authors: M
authors: Zaffagnini
authors: Mariette
authors: M
authors: Bedhomme
authors: Hayam
authors: H
authors: Groni
authors: Christophe H
authors: CH
authors: Marchand
authors: Carine
authors: C
authors: Puppo
authors: Brigitte
authors: B
authors: Gontero
authors: Corinne
authors: C
authors: Cassier-Chauvat
authors: Paulette
authors: P
authors: Decottignies
authors: Stéphane D
authors: SD
authors: Lemaire
mesh_terms: D019747:Aldose-Ketose Isomerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000378:metabolism*; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D040901:Proteomics; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C022390:phosphoribulokinase; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase; D019747:Aldose-Ketose Isomerases; C022548:ribosephosphate isomerase; D005978:Glutathione