title: Complex umbilical cord entanglement.
abstract: We describe three cases of complex umbilical cord entanglement seen in the past 5 years at our Placenta Clinic. The cases were associated with intermittent fetal bradycardia, reduced fetal movements, and were all delivered prematurely with multiple umbilical cord loops around the neck, limbs, or body. One intrauterine fetal death occurred. Placental pathology showed downstream effects of cord occlusion and fetal thrombotic vasculopathy.
authors: Maternal and Fetal Medicine Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors: Madeline
authors: M
authors: Dodds
authors: Rory
authors: R
authors: Windrim
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Kingdom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000473:pathology; D050497:Stillbirth; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*