title: Schistosoma mansoni antigens alter the cytokine response in vitro during cutaneous leishmaniasis.
abstract: Schistosoma mansoni infection or associated products are able to down-modulate the type 1 CD4+ T cell inflammatory response characteristic of autoimmune diseases. In this study, we evaluated how S. mansoni antigens altered the immune response that was induced by the soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA) from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients. Cytokines were measured from the supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures stimulated with SLA. This was performed using the sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique in the presence or absence of S. mansoni recombinant antigens Sm29, SmTSP-2 and PIII. The addition of S. mansoni antigens to the cultures resulted in the reduction of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) levels in 37-50% of patients. Although to a lesser extent, the antigens were also able to decrease the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). We compared patients that either had or did not have reduction in IFN-γ and TNF-α production in cultures stimulated with SLA in the presence of S. mansoni antigens. We found that there was no significant difference in the levels of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-5 in response to S. mansoni antigens between the groups. The antigens used in this study down-modulated the in vitro proinflammatory response induced by SLA in a group of CL patients through a currently undefined mechanism.
authors: Serviço de Imunologia, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil. alinebafica@gmail.com
authors: Aline Michelle Barbosa
authors: AM
authors: Bafica
authors: Luciana Santos
authors: LS
authors: Cardoso
authors: Sérgio Costa
authors: SC
authors: Oliveira
authors: Alex
authors: A
authors: Loukas
authors: Giuseppe Tittoni
authors: GT
authors: Varela
authors: Ricardo Riccio
authors: RR
authors: Oliveira
authors: Olívia
authors: O
authors: Bacellar
authors: Edgar Marcelino
authors: EM
authors: Carvalho
authors: Maria Ilma
authors: MI
authors: Araújo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D016207:Cytokines; D015848:Interleukin-5; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma