title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: enhancing the degradation of angiotensin II as a potential therapy for diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a monocarboxypeptidase that degrades angiotensin II with high efficiency leading to the formation of angiotensin-(1-7). ACE2 within the kidneys is largely localized in tubular epithelial cells and in glomerular epithelial cells. Decreased glomerular expression of this enzyme coupled with increased expression of ACE has been described in diabetic kidney disease, both in mice and humans with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, both ACE2 genetic ablation and pharmacological ACE2 inhibition have been shown to increase albuminuria and promote glomerular injury. Studies using recombinant ACE2 have shown the ability of ACE2 to rapidly metabolize Ang II in vivo and form the basis for future studies to examine the potential of ACE2 amplification in the therapy of diabetic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.
authors: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA. d-batlle@northwestern.edu
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Batlle
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Wysocki
authors: Maria J
authors: MJ
authors: Soler
authors: Keerthi
authors: K
authors: Ranganath
mesh_terms: D000803:Angiotensin I / Q000378:metabolism; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism*; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000803:Angiotensin I; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C000705307:ACE2 protein, human; C000705328:Ace2 protein, mouse; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; C118790:angiotensin I (1-7)