title: STAT5 activation and cardioprotection by remote ischemic preconditioning in humans: short communication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The heart can be protected from infarction by brief episodes of ischemia/reperfusion of a remote organ. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) by brief arm ischemia/reperfusion has been recruited in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery or percutaneous coronary interventions and during transport to the hospital for acute myocardial infarction. Cardioprotective signaling has been extensively characterized in animal experiments.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify cardioprotective signaling by RIPC in humans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RIPC was induced by 3 cycles of 5 minutes of arm ischemia/5 minutes of reperfusion in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Twelve patients each were randomly assigned to undergo RIPC or a sham control procedure. Protection was confirmed by reduced serum troponin I concentrations in patients with RIPC versus control patients. In myocardial biopsies, an array of established cardioprotective proteins was analyzed by Western immunoblotting. The phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) increased from baseline before ischemic cardioplegic arrest to 10 minutes of reperfusion with RIPC, and STAT5 phosphorylation during reperfusion was greater in patients with RIPC than in control patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of this unique signaling signature of RIPC will facilitate the development of pharmacological cardioprotection.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01406678.
authors: Institut für Pathophysiologie, Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr 55, 45122 Essen, Germany. gerd.heusch@uk-essen.de
authors: Gerd
authors: G
authors: Heusch
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Musiolik
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Kottenberg
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Peters
authors: Heinz
authors: H
authors: Jakob
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Thielmann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects; D001132:Arm / Q000098:blood supply; D001706:Biopsy; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor