title: Mechanisms of neurotoxicity induced in the developing brain of mice and rats by DNA-damaging chemicals.
abstract: It is not widely known how the developing brain responds to extrinsic damage, although the developing brain is considered to be sensitive to diverse environmental factors including DNA-damaging agents. This paper reviews the mechanisms of neurotoxicity induced in the developing brain of mice and rats by six chemicals (ethylnitrosourea, hydroxyurea, 5-azacytidine, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and etoposide), which cause DNA damage in different ways, especially from the viewpoints of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in neural progenitor cells. In addition, this paper also reviews the repair process following damage in the developing brain.
authors: Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Ome, Tokyo, Japan. kunio-doi@nibs.or.jp
authors: Kunio
authors: K
authors: Doi
mesh_terms: D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D009153:Mutagens; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors