title: Serine/threonine protein phosphatases: multi-purpose enzymes in control of defense mechanisms.
abstract: Depending on the threat to a plant, different pattern recognition receptors, such as receptor-like kinases, identify the stress and trigger action by appropriate defense response development. The plant immunity system primary response to these challenges is rapid accumulation of phytohormones, such as ethylene (ET), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) and its derivatives. These phytohormones induce further signal transduction and appropriate defenses against biotic threats. Phytohormones play crucial roles not only in the initiation of diverse downstream signaling events in plant defense but also in the activation of effective defenses through an essential process called signaling pathway crosstalk, a mechanism involved in transduction signals between two or more distinct, "linear signal transduction pathways simultaneously activated in the same cell."
authors: Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Oxford, MS, USA.
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Bajsa
authors: Zhiqiang
authors: Z
authors: Pan
authors: Stephen O
authors: SO
authors: Duke
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002193:Cantharidin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005030:Ethylenes; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; C011006:jasmonic acid; C036216:ethylene; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D002193:Cantharidin; D020156:Salicylic Acid