title: Effects of dentin surface modifications treated with Er:YAG and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on fibroblast cell adhesion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface modifications induced by erbium (Er):YAG and neodymium (Nd):YAG laser irradiation on cell adhesion by comparing it to that of conventional methods for surface preparation after root-end resection.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Many studies have been seeking a favorable method to produce a resected root end with optimal conditions for cell response. However, little improvement has been achieved. This study evaluated the biocompatibilities of resected root surfaces after Er:YAG or Nd:YAG laser irradiation on initial cell adhesion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dentin disks were divided into three groups. Group A was left untreated, Group B was treated with Er:YAG laser irradiation (60 mJ/pulse, 10 pps, 60 sec), and Group C with Nd:YAG laser irradiation (60 mJ/pulse, 10 pps, 60 sec). After laser irradiation, the dentin disks were incubated with NIH/3T3 fibroblasts cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium. A morphological analysis of the dentin surface and cell adhesion was observed under a scanning electron microscope. Surface roughness was measured using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The statistical analysis was undertaken using ANOVA at a level of significance of 5% (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Morphological analysis and roughness measurement showed that dentin surfaces treated with Er:YAG laser irradiation were rougher than those in Groups A and C. Group B (Er:YAG) exhibited the greatest number of attached cells among all groups after 12 and 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Morphological alteration induced by Er:YAG laser irradiation showed a favorable effect on the attachment of fibroblasts to dentin surfaces.
authors: Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Gombo
authors: G
authors: Bolortuya
authors: Arata
authors: A
authors: Ebihara
authors: Shizuko
authors: S
authors: Ichinose
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Watanabe
authors: Tomoo
authors: T
authors: Anjo
authors: Chizuko
authors: C
authors: Kokuzawa
authors: Hidetoshi
authors: H
authors: Saegusa
authors: Nobuyuki
authors: N
authors: Kawashima
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Suda
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000528:radiation effects; D003804:Dentin / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D013499:Surface Properties