title: The muscle engram: the reflex that limits conventional occlusal treatment.
abstract: The engram (the masticatory "muscle memory") is shown to be a conditionable reflex whose muscle conditioning lasts less than two minutes, far shorter than previously thought. This reflex, reinforced and stored in the masticatory muscles at every swallow, adjusts masticatory muscle activity to guide the lower arch unerringly into its ICP. These muscle adjustments compensate for the continually changing intemal and external factors that affect the mandible's entry into the ICP. A simple quick experiment described in this article isolates the engram, enabling the reader to see its action clearly for the first time. It is urged that every reader perform this experiment. This experiment shows how the engram, by hiding the masticatory muscles' reaction (the hit-and-slide), limits the success of the therapist in achieving occlusion-muscle compatibility. This finding has major clinical implications. It means that, as regards the muscle aspect of treating occlusion, the dentist treating occlusion conventionally is working blind, a situation the neuromuscular school of occlusal thought seeks to correct. The controversy over occlusion continues.
authors: Jumar Corporation, Prescott, Arizona, USA. lesboblyn@aol.com
authors: Martin D
authors: MD
authors: Lerman
mesh_terms: D016302:Centric Relation; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D003768:Dental Occlusion, Centric; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D012032:Refractory Period, Electrophysiological / Q000502:physiology; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; D016896:Treatment Outcome