title: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase status and severity of malarial anaemia in Nigerian children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency (Gd-) contributes to morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa but recent data on the interaction between Gd- and malaria among children is scarce. We hypothesised that, being a haemolytic factor, Gd- makes severe malarial anaemia (SMA) more common and even more severe.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected 930 children aged 0.5-12 years attending a reference hospital with microscopically proven falciparum malaria. G6PD and haemoglobin were typed by the fluorescent spot test and electrophoresis, respectively. Molecular typing by PCR and restriction enzyme digestion was also performed on 15% of randomly selected samples. Haematocrit (PCV) values, haemoglobin type, blood group, presence of sickle cell trait (HbAS), and parasite counts were compared between G6PD-normal and deficient children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of Gd- was 16.4% and 8.1% among boys and girls with malaria, respectively. Mean PCV was 22.8% in deficient children compared with 21.0% in normal children (p = 0.041). In boys, 2.7% of Gd- had PCV ≤ 10%, as compared to 13.6% in Gd+ (p = 0.005). Similarly, 21.3% of Gd- had PCV ≤ 15% compared with 39.4% in Gd+ (p = 0.003). No such difference was found among girls. Overall, HbAS was typed in 7.6% and was more common in Gd- (13.0%) than in Gd+ (6.8%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.058). The mean parasite counts were significantly lower in Gd- (15477.5/µl) than in Gd+ (19784.4/µl; p = 0.013), and it was independent from HbAS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gd- males but not females were significantly less likely to develop severe malarial anaemia.
authors: Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan Nigeria. beorimadegun@yahoo.com
authors: Adebola Emmanuel
authors: AE
authors: Orimadegun
authors: Olugbemiro
authors: O
authors: Sodeinde
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008288:Malaria / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase