title: IL-19 as a potential therapeutic in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
abstract: Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines. The last ten years from the finding of IL-19, investigations underline the role of IL-19 in the immunological diseases. It is known that expression of IL-19 is increased in the epidermis of patients with psoriasis, which is a Th1 dominant disease. Increased concentration of IL-19 has also been found in the serum of patients with asthma, which is a Th2 dominant disease. There is an increasing body of data demonstrating that IL-19 is associated with the pathogenesis of both Th1 and Th2 dominant diseases. Regarding the role of IL-19 on the innate immunity and inflammation, interestingly, in vitro studies have shown that lipopolysaccharide can stimulate human monocytes and macrophages to upregulate the expression of IL-19. IL- 19 is upregulated in macrophages after infection and lessens inflammation by suppressing the production of tumor necrosis factor-α , IL-6 and IL-12, but not by inducing IL-10. In addition, IL-19-deficient mice are susceptible to experimental colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate, a disease which is characterized by excessive inflammatory responses of local macrophages and epithelial cells to intestinal microflora. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the role of IL-19 in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
authors: Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-ohraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan. azuma@vet.osakafu-u.ac.jp
authors: Yasu-Taka
authors: YT
authors: Azuma
authors: Hidemitsu
authors: H
authors: Nakajima
authors: Tadayoshi
authors: T
authors: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D058408:Th1-Th2 Balance
chemical_list: C421250:IL19 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins