title: Penicillium marneffei-stimulated dendritic cells enhance HIV-1 trans-infection and promote viral infection by activating primary CD4+ T cells.
abstract: Penicillium marneffei (P. marneffei) is considered an indicator pathogen of AIDS, and the endemicity and clinical features of P. marneffei have been described. While, how the co-infection of P. marneffei exacerbate deterioration of the immune response remains poorly understood. Here we isolated P. marneffei from the cutaneous lesions of AIDS patients and analyzed its effects on HIV-1-dendritic cells (DCs) interaction. We demonstrated that the monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) could be activated by both thermally dimorphic forms of P. marneffei for significantly promoting HIV-1 trans-infection of CD4(+) T cells, while these activated MDDCs were refractory to HIV-1 infection. Mechanistically, P. marneffei-activated MDDCs endocytosed large amounts of HIV-1 and sequestrated the internalized viruses into tetrapasnin CD81(+) compartments potentially for proteolysis escaping. The activated MDDCs increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and facilitated the formation of DC-T-cell conjunctions, where much more viruses were recruited. Moreover, we found that P. marneffei-stimulated MDDCs efficiently activated resting CD4(+) T cells and induced more susceptible targets for viral infection. Our findings demonstrate that DC function and its interaction with HIV-1 have been modulated by opportunistic pathogens such as P. marneffei for viral dissemination and infection amplification, highlighting the importance of understanding DC-HIV-1 interaction for viral immunopathogenesis elucidation.
authors: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Qin
authors: Yuye
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Wan
authors: W
authors: Liu
authors: Renrong
authors: R
authors: Tian
authors: Qianqian
authors: Q
authors: Guo
authors: Shaoyou
authors: S
authors: Li
authors: Hongbin
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: Daojun
authors: D
authors: Zhang
authors: Yongtang
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Wu
authors: Ke
authors: K
authors: Lan
authors: Jianhua
authors: J
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D054992:Immunological Synapses / Q000382:microbiology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D010407:Penicillium / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1