title: Antimicrobial peptides in nasal secretion and mucosa with respect to Staphylococcus aureus colonization in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
abstract: Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (NP) is hypothesized to have pathophysiological impact on the disease. Antimicrobial peptides (AMP), especially human beta-defensin-3 (hBD-3) and LL-37, are an important part of the multifactorial defence against microorganisms in barrier organs like the nasal mucosa. The interaction of S. aureus colonization and AMP in nasal secretions and mucosa of NP were investigated in this study.
  
  
  
  AMP were quantified in nasal secretions of 13 normal controls (NC) and 12 NP patients, each with and without S. aureus colonization, by ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the cellular sources of AMP in the nasal mucosa. To explore the AMP response of primary nasal epithelial cell cultures (NEC) towards S. aureus stimulation, a functional assay was established.
  
  
  
  AMP could be demonstrated in nasal secretions of all groups without differences in hBD-3 concentrations comparing S. aureus carriers vs. non-carriers. In NC, higher LL-37 concentrations were observed in S. aureus colonized as compared to non-colonized patients. This effect was not detectable in NP patients. Epithelial cells, submucosal glands and cells of the connective tissue could be identified as sources of AMP by immunohistochemistry. An AMP response of NEC towards S. aureus stimulation was detected in all groups.
  
  
  
  In NP patients, LL-37 response towards S. aureus colonization is disturbed while the ability of NEC to respond on S. aureus challenge is preserved. This deregulation of the nasal barrier could be involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of NP.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
authors: Maike Luisa
authors: ML
authors: Thienhaus
authors: Janet
authors: J
authors: Wohlers
authors: Rainer
authors: R
authors: Podschun
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Hedderich
authors: Petra
authors: P
authors: Ambrosch
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Laudien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D054804:Cathelicidins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D054804:Cathelicidins; C422950:DEFB103A protein, human; D023083:beta-Defensins