title: Anti-inflammatory effects of kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside in human endothelial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside (KPOS) was isolated from the leaves of cultivated mountain ginseng. Kaempferol (KP) has antitumor, anti-oxidative, anti-allergic and antidiabetic activities but the barrier protective effects and underlying mechanism are not fully identified. In this study, we attempted to determine whether pretreatment with KPOS induced significant barrier protective activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-inflammatory activities of KPOS were determined by measuring solute flux, neutrophil adhesion and migration and activation of pro-inflammatory proteins in LPS-activated HUVECs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that KPOS inhibited LPS-induced barrier disruption, expression of cell adhesion molecules, neutrophil adhesion and transendothelial migration of neutrophils to HUVECs. Further studies revealed that KPOS suppressed the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by LPS, and that anti-inflammatory activities of KPOS were better than those of KP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collectively, these results suggest that KPOS possesses barrier integrity activity, inhibitory activity on cell adhesion and migration to endothelial cells by blocking the activation of NF-κB expression and production of TNF-α, thereby endorsing its usefulness as therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases.
authors: Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Herbal Bio-Industry, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 712-715, Republic of Korea.
authors: Tae Hoon
authors: TH
authors: Kim
authors: Sae-Kwang
authors: SK
authors: Ku
authors: In-Chul
authors: IC
authors: Lee
authors: Jong-Sup
authors: JS
authors: Bae
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D044949:Kaempferols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005894:Panax; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D044949:Kaempferols; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C064309:kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside