title: The genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium vivax genes in endemic regions of Thailand.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the genetic polymorphism of Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) PvCSP and PvMSP1 genes from field isolates at four endemic regions (North, East, West and South) of Thailand.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 152 P. vivax infected cases from dried blood spots were DNA extracted and confirmed by species-specific primer sets using multiplex PCR method. PvMSP1 fragments F2 and F3; PvCSP were genotyped using RFLP-PCR method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally amplified DNA which was multiple genotypes for PvMSP1 F2 and PvMSP1 F3 were 12.50% and 8.55%, respectively while PvCSP was 3.95%. The overall frequency of multiple genotypes was 25%. There were 12 allele types of PvMSP1 F2 using AluI enzyme digestion and 8 size variations were found in PvMSP1 F3. The isolates from western region was highly genetic diverse when compare among all isolates. The predominant variant type of PvCSP gene was VK210 type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The multiple genotypes are common found in Thailand and it might hide the real genotype. PvCSP does not have extensive genetic diversity in this study. However, PvMSP1 marker due to multiple genotypes is difficult to be analyzed. The multiple genotypes findings might stem from population migration and vector species findings.
authors: Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Varakorn
authors: V
authors: Kosaisavee
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: Hastings
authors: Alister
authors: A
authors: Craig
authors: Usa
authors: U
authors: Lek-Uthai
mesh_terms: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D005819:Genetic Markers; D015800:Protozoan Proteins