title: Cerebrovascular lesions induce transient β-amyloid deposition.
abstract: Previous clinical studies have documented a close relationship between cerebrovascular disease and risk of Alzheimer's disease. We examined possible mechanistic interactions through use of experimental stroke models in a transgenic mouse model of β-amyloid deposition (APPswe/PS1dE9). Following middle cerebral artery occlusion, we observed a rapid increase in amyloid plaque burden in the region surrounding the infarction. In human tissue samples, however, we were unable to detect a localized increase in amyloid burden adjacent to cerebral infarcts. To resolve this discrepancy, we generated cerebral microstrokes in amyloid precursor protein mouse models with the photosensitive dye Rose bengal, and monitored plaque formation in real time using multiphoton microscopy. We observed a striking increase in the number of new plaques and amyloid angiopathy in the area immediately surrounding the infarcted area; however, the effect was transient, potentially resolving the discord between mouse and human tissue. We did not detect changes in candidate proteins related to β-amyloid generation or degradation such as β-amyloid-converting enzyme, amyloid precursor protein, presenilin 1, neprylisin or insulin-degrading enzyme. Together, these results demonstrate that strokes can trigger accelerated amyloid deposition, most likely through interference with amyloid clearance pathways. Additionally, this study indicates that focal ischaemia provides an experimental paradigm in which to study the mechanisms of plaque seeding and growth.
authors: Alzheimer Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Garcia-Alloza
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Gregory
authors: Kishore V
authors: KV
authors: Kuchibhotla
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Fine
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wei
authors: Cenk
authors: C
authors: Ayata
authors: Matthew P
authors: MP
authors: Frosch
authors: Steven M
authors: SM
authors: Greenberg
authors: Brian J
authors: BJ
authors: Bacskai
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007339:Insulysin / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015260:Neprilysin / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D053764:Presenilin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D053764:Presenilin-1; D015260:Neprilysin; D007339:Insulysin