title: Gingival invagination--a systematic review.
abstract: Gingival invagination is an alteration of the ginviva often observed during orthodontic space closure. This finding appears as a "pseudopocket" which can be probed both horizontally and vertically. The objective of this systematic literature review was to present information on the etiology and intermediate and long-term sequelae of gingival invagination, together with possible approaches to its prevention and treatment. To find currently available literature a MeSH term search in the PubMed literature database was carried out, complemented by manual search in selected dental journals and in the reference lists of the identified articles. Only few articles on gingival invagination were identified. Those that were found displayed different levels of evidence which made a quantitative evaluation impossible. The results are summarized and discussed in light of this information.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, 53111, Bonn, Germany. lgoelz@uni-bonn.de
authors: Lina
authors: L
authors: Gölz
authors: Christoph
authors: C
authors: Reichert
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Jäger
mesh_terms: D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*