title: [Bone and calcium update; bone research update. Regulatory mechanisms in osteoblast differentiation].
abstract: Differentiation process of osteoblasts, which play a central role in bone formation, is harmoniously controlled by several cytokines and hormones. Particularly, Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) , Indian Hedgehog (Ihh) , and Wnt family proteins are important cytokines for osteoblast differentiation. Understandings of molecular mechanisms by which these cytokines stimulate osteoblast differentiation have been extensively investigated. BMP/Smad signaling, canonical Wnt pathway, non-canonical Wnt pathway and Ihh/Gli signaling play critical role in osteoblast differentiation. Furthermore, biochemical and genetic studies have demonstrated important roles of Runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) , Osterix, Activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) , Msh homeobox 2 (Msx2) and Oasis for osteoblast differentiation. Thus, these milestone studies have dramatically progressed in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of osteoblast differentiation for 20 years.
authors: Department Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan.
authors: Riko
authors: R
authors: Nishimura
mesh_terms: D051701:Activating Transcription Factor 4 / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000502:physiology; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000502:physiology; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C497109:ATF4 protein, human; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; C485618:CREB3L1 protein, human; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C084119:MSX2 protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; C478163:SP7 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051701:Activating Transcription Factor 4