title: Efficacy and safety of linezolid in the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.
abstract: Linezolid is a new antibiotic with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in  vitro and in vivo. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of linezolid in the  treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). We used a linezolid-containing  regimen in the treatment of 14 XDR-TB patients. Two years of individualized chemotherapy regimens  were adopted on the basis of the patients'medication history and the results of drug susceptibility  testing. The patients received 600 mg of linezolid twice a day for the first 1-2 months, followed  by once a day thereafter. Eleven patients (78.6%) showed significant improvement in clinical  symptoms. Chest computed tomography revealed that 10 patients (71.4%) showed cavity closure. Smear  conversion and culture conversion were achieved in all 14 patients (100%) with an average of 64 and  63 days, respectively. The exact proportions of serious and minor adverse events determined by  linezolid were 21.4% (3/14) and 64.3% (9/14), respectively. These data show that linezolid-containing  chemotherapy for the treatment of XDR-TB may significantly improve clinical symptoms, promote  lesion absorption and cavity closure, and accelerate sputum conversion. Further, adverse reactions  can be tolerated and resolved with suitable intervention.
authors: Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors: Shen-Jie
authors: SJ
authors: Tangg
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Zhang
authors: Lin-Hai
authors: LH
authors: Zheng
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Sun
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Gu
authors: Xiao-Hui
authors: XH
authors: Hao
authors: Yi-Dian
authors: YD
authors: Liu
authors: Lan
authors: L
authors: Yao
authors: He-Ping
authors: HP
authors: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069349:Linezolid; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D000069349:Linezolid