title: [Squeezing of the spermatic cord using a Pean clamp is not suitable for elimination of testicular function in the rabbit].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different methods for squeezing of the spermatic cord as bloodless castration in rabbits according to the "Burdizzo"-method used for ruminants.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 18 anaesthetized male rabbits (group 1-3) spermatic cords were squeezed twice using three different methods according to Burdizzo: using a Pean haemostat for 3 minutes (group 1, n=10) or 10 minutes (group 2, n=4) or by use of a Doyen intestine clamp for 3 minutes (group 3, n=4). Seven males serving as controls underwent surgical castration under general anaesthesia. Animals were daily examined until day 7, and on days 14 and 90. Blood samples for testosterone measurement were taken on days 1 and 90. On day 90, all animals of groups 1-3 were surgically neutered and testis examined histologically in comparison with group 4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A swelling of the squeezing site was obvious in all animals of group 1-3 which was - like pain reaction - most obvious in group 1. Temporary changes in testicular consistency, as well as inflammation signs were observed in testes, epididymides and spermatic cords. During the course of the study, testes size increased (p<0.0001) independently of the group. Testosterone was within the physiological range in group 1-3 and differed significantly from group 4 (p=0.0002). Histology revealed normal spermatogenesis and fully elongated sperm in testes and epididymides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  None of the three bloodless methods used led to testicular shrinking, basal testosterone concentration and disturbed spermatogenesis which would be a suitable marker for testicular atrophy indicating castration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although bloodless castration seems to be an interesting alternative to surgery in rabbits, none of the methods used was successful in inducing castration effects.
authors: Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Frankfurter Straße 106, Gießen. Sandra.Pesch@vetmed.uni-giessen.de
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Goericke-Pesch
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Schützenhofer
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Failing
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Wehrend
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D011817:Rabbits / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000601:surgery*; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000662:veterinary*; D013737:Testis / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone