title: A survey on relative frequency of metabolic syndrome and testosterone deficiency in men with erectile dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common male sexual dysfunction and affects the individual's physical and psychological well-being. It has been classified as organic and psychogenic. Men with low testosterone levels have an increased risk of ED. On the other hand, direct detrimental effect of metabolic syndrome on the endothelium, smooth muscle and nerves of the vascular system of the penis is what causes ED to develop in men with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, it is supposed that a large number of men with erectile dysfunction are patients who have ED, metabolic syndrome and testosterone deficiency as a triad. The aim of this study is determining relative frequencies of metabolic syndrome and testosterone deficiency in a group of men with ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men suffering from ED who were referred to a certain private urology clinic between 22.11.2009 and 22.9.2010 were evaluated for metabolic syndrome criteria; their morning free testosterone levels were measured, and then the related questionnaires were filled out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 241 men with ED, the relative frequency of metabolic syndrome was 41.5%, of testosterone deficiency was 36.5% and of metabolic syndrome in combination with testosterone deficiency was 19.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relative frequencies of metabolic syndrome and testosterone deficiency in men with ED seem to be significant, and it is the time that we should evaluate ED not as a disease but as a presentation of multiple underlying pathologies which needs medical attention to general health.
authors: Urology Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Razi Hospital, Sardar Jangal St, Rasht, Iran. a.hamidimadani@gmail.com
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Hamidi Madani
authors: Abtin
authors: A
authors: Heidarzadeh
authors: Niloofar
authors: N
authors: Akbari Parsa
authors: Fatemeh
authors: F
authors: Khosravi Darestani
authors: Zahra
authors: Z
authors: Hamidi Madani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone