title: The evolutionary basis of risky adolescent behavior: implications for science, policy, and practice.
abstract: This article proposes an evolutionary model of risky behavior in adolescence and contrasts it with the prevailing developmental psychopathology model. The evolutionary model contends that understanding the evolutionary functions of adolescence is critical to explaining why adolescents engage in risky behavior and that successful intervention depends on working with, instead of against, adolescent goals and motivations. The current article articulates 5 key evolutionary insights into risky adolescent behavior: (a) The adolescent transition is an inflection point in development of social status and reproductive trajectories; (b) interventions need to address the adaptive functions of risky and aggressive behaviors like bullying; (c) risky adolescent behavior adaptively calibrates over development to match both harsh and unpredictable environmental conditions; (d) understanding evolved sex differences is critical for understanding the psychology of risky behavior; and (e) mismatches between current and past environments can dysregulate adolescent behavior, as demonstrated by age-segregated social groupings. The evolutionary model has broad implications for designing interventions for high-risk youth and suggests new directions for research that have not been forthcoming from other perspectives.
authors: John and Doris Norton School of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0078, USA. bjellis@email.arizona.edu
authors: Bruce J
authors: BJ
authors: Ellis
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Del Giudice
authors: Thomas J
authors: TJ
authors: Dishion
authors: Aurelio José
authors: AJ
authors: Figueredo
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Gray
authors: Vladas
authors: V
authors: Griskevicius
authors: Patricia H
authors: PH
authors: Hawley
authors: W Jake
authors: WJ
authors: Jacobs
authors: Jenée
authors: J
authors: James
authors: Anthony A
authors: AA
authors: Volk
authors: David Sloan
authors: DS
authors: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D001526:Behavioral Symptoms / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D005075:Biological Evolution; D015257:DNA-Cytosine Methylases; D004777:Environment; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D057766:Policy; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: C099067:DNA modification methylase AgeI; D015257:DNA-Cytosine Methylases