title: Water-soluble, deep-red fluorescent squaraine rotaxanes.
abstract: Eight fluorescent squaraine rotaxanes with deep-red absorption/emission wavelengths were prepared and assessed for chemical stability and suitability as water-soluble, fluorescent tracers. The most stable squaraine rotaxanes have four large stopper groups attached to the ends of the encapsulated squaraine, and two members of this structural class have promise as highly fluorescent tracers with rapid renal clearance and very low tissue uptake in living mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
authors.forename: Erin L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Easwaran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arunkumar
authors.forename: Shuzhang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Bryan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Bradley D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D043862:Rotaxanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003503:Cyclobutanes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D010636:Phenols; D043862:Rotaxanes; C480596:squaraine; D014867:Water