title: Global isoniazid resistance patterns in rifampin-resistant and rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis.
abstract: Following the World Health Organization's endorsement of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay, which rapidly and simultaneously diagnoses tuberculosis (TB) and detects resistance to rifampin (RMP), the question arises to what extent RMP resistance is an adequate marker for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). A retrospective analysis of data from >81 countries and subnational settings demonstrated that >40% of RMP-resistant isolates from new TB cases did not display resistance to isoniazid (INH) in settings with relatively low MDR-TB prevalence (one third of all countries and subnational settings). Results indicated the need for INH susceptibility testing in addition to RMP susceptibility testing.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, International Research and Programs Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Kurbatova
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cavanaugh
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cegielski
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin