title: Long-term intrathecal ziconotide therapy: a case study and discussion.
abstract: This case study describes the therapeutic result of intrathecal administration of ziconotide, a new synthetic neurotoxin derived from the venom of the Philippine marine snail, Conus Magus, to a 48-year-old male with chronic, and previously untreatable, neuropathic pain of an undeterminable etiology. The patient suffered tactile allodynia and reported his baseline pain intensity to be 80 mm on the 100 mm Visual Analog Scale for Pain Intensity. After responding affirmatively to treatment in a blinded placebo-controlled trial, the patient enrolled in a long-term, open-label trial. Currently, the patient rates his pain at 16 mm and enjoys an improved quality of life. This result suggests that treatment with ziconotide may provide outstanding relief to patients with chronic pain while sparing them the unpleasant side effects associated with other treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Staats
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luthardt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shipley
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fischer