title: Comparison of standard, prone and cine MRI in the evaluation of tethered cord.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is defined by abnormal traction on the spinal cord that confines its movement. Surgical cord release usually stops neurological deterioration; therefore, early and accurate neuroradiological diagnosis is important. Supine MRI is the imaging modality of choice, but prone MRI and cine MRI can demonstrate cord movement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We compared the diagnostic accuracies of standard MRI, prone MRI and cine MRI in patients with clinical suspicion of TCS and evaluated inter-reader reliability for MR imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children who underwent MRI for suspicion of TCS were retrospectively identified. Supine, prone and cine MRI studies were re-read by two pediatric neuroradiologists. Conus level, filum appearance and cord movement were documented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen of 49 children had tethered cord documented at surgery. Conus level had the highest diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 69-77%, specificity 94%, positive predictive value 82-83%, negative predictive value 89-92%, correct diagnosis 88-90%) and highest between-reader concordance (98%). Prone and cine MRI did not add to the accuracy of the supine imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conus level provides the highest diagnostic accuracy and inter-reader reliability in TCS. Until a larger series is evaluated, it remains questionable whether prone or cine MRI provides enough additional diagnostic information to warrant routine use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Sukhjinder
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kline-Fath
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bierbrauer
authors.forename: Judy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Racadio
authors.forename: Shelia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salisbury
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macaluso
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Egelhoff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; D008297:Male; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000473:pathology*; D056888:Patient Positioning / Q000379:methods*; D016684:Prone Position; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity