title: Estimating chemical emissions from home and personal care products in China.
abstract: China's economy has grown significantly and concomitantly so has the demand for home and personal care (HPC) products. The detection of chemicals used in HPC products is increasing in profile as China strives to improve its environmental management. China is developing robust exposure models for use in regulatory risk-based assessments of chemicals, including those chemicals used in HPC products. Accurate estimates of chemical emissions play an important role within this. A methodology is presented to derive spatially refined emissions from demographic and economic indicators with large variations in emissions calculated, showing product usage being higher in East and South China. The less affordable a product, the greater the influence per capita Gross Domestic Product has on the product distribution. Lastly, more spatially resolved input data highlights greater variation of product use. Linking product sales data with population density increased the observed variability in absolute usage distribution of HPC products at the county > province > regional > country scale.
authors.affiliation: Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Colworth Science Park, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ, UK. Juliet.Hodges@unilever.com
authors.forename: J E N
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vamshi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: O R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D059066:Gross Domestic Product / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006795:Household Products / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D011158:Population Growth
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D004785:Environmental Pollutants