title: Effects of monounsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: The appropriate pattern of macronutrient distribution for dietary protocols aimed at treating or preventing obesity and its associated cardiovascular diseases is still a controversial topic of discussion. Recommendations considering a specific percentage or range for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) are rare. It was the aim of this study to analyze long-term, randomized, controlled dietary intervention trials and to investigate the effects of MUFA on the biomarkers of obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. Dietary regimens with a high amount of MUFA (>12%) were compared to those with ≤12%. The biomarkers taken into account were weight, waist circumference, fat mass, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as C-reactive protein. A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using the Review Manager 5.0.25 software. Significant differences between high- and low-MUFA protocols could be observed with respect to fat mass [-1.94 kg (confidence interval -3.72, -0.17), p = 0.03], systolic blood pressure [-2.26 mm Hg (confidence interval -4.28, -0.25), p = 0.03] and diastolic blood pressure [-1.15 mm Hg (confidence interval -1.96, -0.34), p = 0.005] favoring the dietary protocols with >12% MUFA. Therefore, MUFA might represent a useful tool in the design of dietary regimens for obesity and cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Institute for Nutritional Sciences and Physiology, Hall in Tirol, Austria. lukas.schwingshackl@umit.at
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schwingshackl
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Strasser
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein