title: Suppression of oxLDL-induced MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression by berberine via inhibition of NF-κB activation in human THP-1 macrophages.
abstract: Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) by macrophages leads to atherosclerotic plaque rupture by degradation of the extracellular matrix. NF-κB activation regulates many key inflammatory genes linked to atherosclerosis. In the present study, the function of berberine, a natural extract from Rhizoma coptidis, on MMP-9 and EMMPRIN expression, the role of NF-κB activation in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages, and the possible mechanism in which NF-κB activation is involved were investigated. Berberine inhibited the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN at both mRNA and protein levels. The phosphorylation of IκB-α and nuclear translocation of p65 protein were reduced by berberine, suggesting that NF-κB activation was inhibited by berberine in oxLDL-stimulated macrophages. Overall, berberine suppressed the expression of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN by at least reducing partly the activity of NF-κB in oxLDL-induced macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, China.
authors.forename: Zhouqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Liansheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Changqian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000633:toxicity; D051926:Basigin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001599:Berberine / Q000633:toxicity*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; C497886:BSG protein, human; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D001599:Berberine; D051926:Basigin; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9