title: Sodium butyrate-induced DAPK-mediated apoptosis in human gastric cancer             cells.
abstract: Epigenetic mechanisms of histone acetylation/deacetylation play an important             role in the regulation of gene expression associated with the cell cycle and apoptosis.             Recently, sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, has been shown             to exhibit anticancer effects via differentiation and apoptosis of cancer cells.             Sodium butyrate may be a potential anticancer chemotherapeutic drug; however,             the precise mechanism underlying the anticancer effects of sodium butyrate has             not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the role of             death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) on the apoptosis of human gastric cancer             cells induced by sodium butyrate. We observed that sodium butyrate induced apoptosis             in human gastric cancer cells. Treatment with the HDAC inhibitor sodium butyrate             increased the expression of caspase-3 and DAPK1/2 genes but decreased the expression             of Bcl-2 in human gastric cancer cells. The expression of DAPK3, p53 and p21 were             not altered by sodium butyrate treatment. Analysis of the general expression patterns             revealed that sodium butyrate increased the expression of DAPK1/2 but decreased             the expression of FAK and induced changes in the proliferation of apoptosis-related             genes in human gastric cancer cells. These data suggest that DAPK expression prompts             apoptosis by reducing the FAK protein level in sodium butyrate-induced apoptosis             of human gastric cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology,                     Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunsoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Yeo Song
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong Chan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002087:Butyrates; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; C579096:DAPK1 protein, human; C579101:DAPK3 protein, human; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases