title: Serum vitamin D concentration status and its correlation with early biomarkers of remodeling following acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low serum level of vitamin D was shown to be associated with cardiovascular diseases as well as the presence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Vitamin D deficiency is a global problem, and is an Iranian problem as well. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first study on acute myocardial infarction that evaluates the correlation of vitamin D level with inpatients' outcomes, particularly on the early biomarkers of myocardial remodeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction were included. The patients' 25 (OH) D levels were identified and the associations with clinical characteristics, including early remodeling biomarkers and in-hospital outcomes, were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From the 139 included patients, 80.5% were male. The 25 (OH) deficiency was present in 72.7% of the patients. Hypertension and positive history of cardiovascular drug use were risk factors for the presence of low vitamin D levels (OR = 2.92; CI = 1.34-6.37, P < 0.05) and (OR = 2.36; CI = 1.05-5.29, P < 0.05), respectively. Moreover, a significant positive relationship between the inpatients' survival and the concentration of vitamin D was present (P < 0.001). By performing a multivariate analysis, we found that there was a significant inverse relationship between the level of 25 (OH) D and the level of MMP-9 after 72 h (P = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study revealed a significant inverse relationship between serum MMP-9 as a biomarker of early remodeling and the level of 25(OH) D in patients after an acute myocardial infarction. Moreover, low level of vitamin D was associated with patients' mortality in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. khalilih@tums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khalili
authors.forename: Azita Hajhossein
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Talasaz
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salarifar
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D002112:Calcifediol