title: A novel approach for foreign substances detection in injection using clustering and frame difference.
abstract: This paper focuses on developing a novel technique based on machine vision for detection of foreign substances in injections. Mechanical control yields spin/stop movement of injections which helps to cause relative movement between foreign substances in liquid and an ampoule bottle. Foreign substances are classified into two categories: subsiding-slowly object and subsiding-fast object. A sequence of frames are captured by a camera and used to recognize foreign substances. After image preprocessing like noise reduction and motion detection, two different methods, Moving-object Clustering (MC) and Frame Difference, are proposed to detect the two categories respectively. MC is operated to cluster subsiding-slowly foreign substances, based on the invariant features of those objects. Frame Difference is defined to calculate the difference between two frames due to the change of subsiding-fast objects. 200 ampoule samples filled with injection are tested and the experimental result indicates that the approach can detect the visible foreign substances effectively.
authors.affiliation: School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China. luguiliang@gmail.com
authors.forename: Guiliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Sidan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007267:Injections