title: Measuring brain oxygenation in humans using a multiparametric quantitative blood oxygenation level dependent MRI approach.
abstract: Quantitative blood oxygenation level dependent approaches have been designed to obtain quantitative oxygenation information using MRI. A mathematical model is usually fitted to the time signal decay of a gradient-echo and spin-echo measurements to derive hemodynamic parameters such as the blood oxygen saturation or the cerebral blood volume. Although the results in rats and human brain have been encouraging, recent studies have pointed out the need for independent estimation of one or more variables to increase the accuracy of the method. In this study, a multiparametric quantitative blood oxygenation level dependent approach is proposed. A combination of arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility contrast methods were used to obtain quantitative estimates of cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow. These results were combined with T 2 and T(2) measurements to derive maps of blood oxygen saturation or cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen. In 12 normal subjects, a mean cerebral blood volume of 4.33 ± 0.7%, cerebral blood flow of 43.8 ± 5.7 mL/min/100 g, blood oxygen saturation of 60 ± 6% and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen 157 ± 23 μmol/100 g/min were found, which are in agreement with literature values. The results obtained in this study suggest that this methodology could be applied to study brain hypoxia in the setting of pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. christenthomas@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Christen
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmiedeskamp
authors.forename: Matus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Straka
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bammer
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zaharchuk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D008959:Models, Neurological; D010092:Oximetry / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen