title: Cognitive inflexibility as a prospective predictor of suicidal ideation among young adults with a suicide attempt history.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies suggest that people attempt suicide because they are cognitively inflexible, but past research suggesting a link between cognitive inflexibility and suicidal thoughts and behavior has been limited by cross-sectional designs. This study examined whether cognitive inflexibility differentially and prospectively predicted suicidal ideation among young adults with and without a history of a suicide attempt.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 45 young adults with (n = 13) or without (n = 32) a suicide attempt history completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), a diagnostic interview, and self-report measures of hopelessness, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation, and were followed up 6 months later to reassess suicidal ideation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cognitive inflexibility, as measured by perseverative errors on the WCST, predicted suicidal ideation at 6-month follow-up, among suicide attempters, but not among nonattempters, adjusting for the presence of a baseline mood or anxiety diagnosis, hopelessness, and baseline suicidal ideation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive inflexibility may increase vulnerability to suicidal ideation over time among individuals with a previous suicide attempt history. Implications for interventions with suicide attempters are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Hunter College, City University of New York, New York 10065, USA. regina.miranda@hunter.cuny.edu
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bauchner
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vaysman
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marroquín
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology*; D013850:Thinking / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult