title: Survival in a 2-year-old boy with hemorrhage secondary to an aortoesophageal fistula.
abstract: Aortoesophageal fistula (AOF) in children with no history of cardiac disease or trauma is extremely rare, and survival is even rarer. We present a case of a 2-year-old boy who presented with massive hematemesis secondary to a primary aortoesophageal fistula and was found at endoscopy to have a submucosal hematoma. He then suffered a cardiac arrest with further catastrophic bleeding only controlled by a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube. Subsequent cardiopulmonary bypass was instituted and allowed direct repair of the fistula. He was discharged home 4 weeks later. The etiology of the fistula remains unknown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK. lauracoates@gmail.com
authors.forename: Laura J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McNally
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.forename: Eleri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cusick
mesh_terms: D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004937:Esophageal Fistula / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D015942:Factor VIIa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000295:instrumentation; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006396:Hematemesis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008551:Melena / Q000209:etiology*; D010949:Plasma; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000209:etiology; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016157:Vascular Fistula / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C103587:recombinant FVIIa; D015942:Factor VIIa