title: [Screening for depression in nursing homes: validity of the WHO (Five) Well-Being Index].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depression is common in nursing home residents, but is still underrecognized. Screening for depression could be a first step to increase recognition rates within this high-risk group. Therefore, we investigated the validity of the WHO (Five) Well-Being Index (WHO-5) for early detection of depression in nursing home residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) was used as the gold standard for the validation of the WHO-5. The diagnoses covered in this assessment were both current major depression as well as minor depression according to DSM-IV research criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our sample of 92 nursing home residents in Munich aged 65-97 years, (73.9% female, 26.1% male) 14.1% fulfilled the criteria of major depression and again 14.1% fulfilled the criteria of minor depression in the SCID. Overall diagnostic validity (area under the ROC curve) of the WHO-5 was .90 (95% confidence interval: .84- .97). The best cut-off-point according to Youden's index yielded a sensitivity of .92 and a specificity of .79.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnostic accuracy of the WHO-5 in our study is promising. The WHO-5 might be an efficient screening tool for nursing home residents, but results have to be replicated in a larger sample.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München. Antje.Allgaier@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Antje-Kathrin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Allgaier
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Liwowsky
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mergl
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fejtkova
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hegerl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014944:World Health Organization