title: Assessing self-awareness of dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease through movie materials.
abstract: The aim of our study was to determine self-awareness of dyskinesias and other core motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) through the use of movie presentations. A scale based on 10 movies (five depicting dyskinesias and five showing core symptoms) and the Self-Assessment Parkinson's Disease Disability Scale were administered to 21 patients (all with a Mini-Mental State Examination - MMSE score ≥ 25). Neurological assessment included the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and the Hoehn-Yahr and Schwab-England scales. In addition, the MMSE, Beck Depression Inventory and Stroop task were administered. Overall, patient and caregiver ratings of dyskinesias and core PD symptoms were consistent. Two patients (9%) completely denied dyskinesias, while four patients (19%) significantly underestimated their dyskinesias. Our results confirm that poor self-awareness of symptoms in PD may be selective and that denial of dyskinesias affects only a minority of patients with normal cognitive status (MMSE ≥ 25). Most patients are aware of the presence of dyskinesias. Poor self-awareness of dyskinesias is associated with longer disease duration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland. emsitek@gmail.com
authors.forename: Emilia J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sitek
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Soltan
authors.forename: Darius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wieczorek
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Robowski
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schinwelski
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Slawek
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001364:Awareness; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009040:Motion Pictures; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D012647:Self-Assessment; D013223:Statistics as Topic