title: Effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on the quality of life of patients treated with radiotherapy for liver tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer patients receiving radiotherapy often experience fatigue and impaired quality of life (QOL). Many side effects of radiotherapy are believed to be associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation due to the generation of reactive oxygen species during radiotherapy. Hydrogen can be administered as a therapeutic medical gas, has antioxidant properties, and reduces inflammation in tissues. This study examined whether hydrogen treatment, in the form of hydrogen-supplemented water, improved QOL in patients receiving radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, placebo-controlled study was performed to evaluate the effects of drinking hydrogen-rich water on 49 patients receiving radiotherapy for malignant liver tumors. Hydrogen-rich water was produced by placing a metallic magnesium stick into drinking water (final hydrogen concentration; 0.55~0.65 mM). The Korean version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer's QLQ-C30 instrument was used to evaluate global health status and QOL. The concentration of derivatives of reactive oxidative metabolites and biological antioxidant power in the peripheral blood were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The consumption of hydrogen-rich water for 6 weeks reduced reactive oxygen metabolites in the blood and maintained blood oxidation potential. QOL scores during radiotherapy were significantly improved in patients treated with hydrogen-rich water compared to patients receiving placebo water. There was no difference in tumor response to radiotherapy between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Daily consumption of hydrogen-rich water is a potentially novel, therapeutic strategy for improving QOL after radiation exposure. Consumption of hydrogen-rich water reduces the biological reaction to radiation-induced oxidative stress without compromising anti-tumor effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. anakao@imap.pitt.edu.
authors.forename: Ki-Mun
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Young-Nam
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Ihil-Bong
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yeunhwa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Atsunori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakao