title: [Systematic review of antimicrobial resistance among Gram positive cocci in hospitals in Colombia].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bacterial resistance is a public health problem worldwide whose proper management requires knowledge of its presence and its behavior in each region and country.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A survey of the medical literature was conducted to identify levels of resistance to antibiotic markers in Gram positive bacterial isolates from Colombian hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of the literature included articles indexed in MEDLINE and LILACS. A manual search was made of Colombian scientific journals and other infectious disease literature not available electronically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 34 observational studies were located, including a series of consecutive reports initiated in 2001. Most of the reports came from the city of Bogota. The rate of methicillin resistance for Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in non intensive care unit isolates ranged between 35%-50% and 72%-76%, respectively. Resistance in intensive care unit isolates had a range between 35%-71% and 74%-83%, respectively. The rate of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium averaged less than 20% over the years but with large annual variation .
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resistance markers appeared in high frequency among Gram positive isolates identified in hospitals in major Colombian cities.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
authors.forename: Carmelo José
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.forename: Jorge Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.forename: Juan Sebastián
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: Aura Lucía
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Leal
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003105:Colombia; D016208:Databases, Factual; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D006095:Gram-Positive Cocci / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011634:Public Health
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents