title: Low angle light scattering analysis: a novel quantitative method for functional characterization of human and murine platelet receptors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Determinations of platelet receptor functions are indispensable diagnostic indicators of cardiovascular and hemostatic diseases including hereditary and acquired receptor defects and receptor responses to drugs. However, presently available techniques for assessing platelet function have some disadvantages, such as low sensitivity and the requirement of large sample sizes and unphysiologically high agonist concentrations. Our goal was to develop and initially characterize a new technique designed to quantitatively analyze platelet receptor activation and platelet function on the basis of measuring changes in low angle light scattering.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a novel technique based on low angle light scattering registering changes in light scattering at a range of different angles in platelet suspensions during activation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The method proved to be highly sensitive for simultaneous real time detection of changes in size and shape of platelets during activation. Unlike commonly-used methods, the light scattering method could detect platelet shape change and aggregation in response to nanomolar concentrations of extracellular nucleotides. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the advantages of the light scattering method make it a choice method for platelet receptor monitoring and for investigation of both murine and human platelets in disease models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrate the suitability and superiority of this new low angle light scattering method for comprehensive analyses of platelet receptors and functions. This highly sensitive, quantitative, and online detection of essential physiological, pathophysiological and pharmacological-response properties of human and mouse platelets is a significant improvement over conventional techniques.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mindukshev
authors.forename: Stepan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gambaryan
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kehrer
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schuetz
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobsar
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rukoyatkina
authors.forename: Viacheslav O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Nikolaev
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krivchenko
authors.forename: Steve P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geiger
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000097:blood; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008027:Light; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010979:Platelet Function Tests / Q000379:methods*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000097:blood*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D003094:Collagen