title: Gross hematuria as the presentation of an inguinoscrotal hernia: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several complications have been reported with inguinal hernias. Although hematuria and flank pain, either as the presentation or as a complication of inguinal hernia, are infrequent, this condition may lead to the development of obstructive uropathy, which can have diverse manifestations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 71-year-old Iranian man with Persian ethnicity presented with new onset episodes of gross hematuria and left-sided flank pain. A physical examination revealed a large and non-tender inguinal hernia on his left side. An initial workup included an abdominal ultrasound, an intravenous pyelogram and cystoscopy, which showed left hydronephrosis and a bulging on the left-side of his bladder wall. On further evaluation, computed tomography confirmed that his sigmoid colon was the source of the pressure effect on his bladder, resulting in hydroureteronephrosis and hematuria. No tumoral lesion was evident. Herniorrhaphy led to the resolution of his signs and symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our case illustrates a rare presentation of inguinal hernia responsible for gross hematuria and unilateral hydronephrosis. Urologic signs and symptoms can be caused by the content of inguinal hernias. They can also present as complications of inguinal hernias.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Firoozgar Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. kayvanansari@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kayvan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Keramati
authors.forename: Kiara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rezaei Kalantari
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.forename: Gholamali
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Godazandeh
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pakzad