title: Surgical wound healing using hemostatic gauze scaffold loaded with nanoparticles containing sustained-release granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The therapeutic strategies for malignant melanoma are still cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and tumor resection. However, these therapeutic strategies often lead to a reduced neutrophilic granulocyte count or loss of more blood after surgical tumor resection. In this study, we developed a formulation of hemostatic gauze impregnated with sustained-release granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) with increasing of the neutrophilic granulocyte count in the blood following chemotherapy and decreasing blood loss after surgical tumor resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We designed a formulation with both hemostatic properties and increased neutrophil content to be used in cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and tumor resection, comprising a hemostatic gauze as a scaffold and (G-CSF)-loaded dextran nanoparticles coated with polylactic-co- glycolic acid (PLGA) solution fabricated by direct spray-painting onto the scaffold and then vacuum-dried at room temperature. The performance of this system was evaluated in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly zero-order release of G-CSF was recorded for 12-14 days, and the cumulative release of G-CSF retained over 90% of its bioactivity in a NFS-60 cell line proliferation assay when the scaffold was incubated in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) at 37°C. The in vivo hemostatic efficacy of this formulation was greater than that of native G-CSF, the scaffold directly spray-painted with G-CSF solution or PLGA organic solution as a coating, or when a blank scaffold was covered with the coating.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that this formulation has both hemostatic properties and increased neutrophil activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weien
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Zhenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001458:Bandages; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003911:Dextrans / Q000737:chemistry; D004355:Drug Stability; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010316:Particle Size; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013523:Surgical Equipment; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003911:Dextrans; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor