title: Tissue engineering for penile surgery: comparative study of noncellular and cell-seeded synthetic grafts for tunica albuginea replacement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical treatment outcomes in Peyronie's disease remain controversial because of high rates of recurrence.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to engineer in vitro a new type of tunica albuginea (TA) autologous graft obtained by culture of autologous fibroblast on a polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffold. This engineering graft was compared with PGA with morphological and functional outcomes for TA replacement, 4 months after graft upon corpus cavernosum in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine Sprague Dawley adult male rats were divided into four groups: (i) control group (C) with resection and resuture of a 5 mm long and 2 mm large piece of original TA; (ii) PGA scaffold group (P) with the same resection of TA and suture of PGA scaffold; (iii) autologous fibroblast-seeded on PGA scaffold graft after resection of the same piece of TA (F + P); and (iv) sham group for functional and histological comparison.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main outcome measure was assessment of graft size variation at 4 months and comparison between the three test groups. The secondary objective is assessment of erectile function by measuring erectile response to cavernous nerve electrical stimulation in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 4 months, there was a significant difference in graft area retraction between the groups (P = 0.0081) with higher retraction in P group vs. in C or F + P groups. Erectile response to cavernous nerve stimulation significantly differed between the groups and was sham equivalent to C equivalent to F + P superior to P group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides experimental evidence for the feasibility and the functionality of fibroblast-seeded scaffold compared with acellular graft for TA replacement.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Surgical Laboratory, UPRES 4122, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. ludovic.ferretti@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ludovic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giuliani
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bessède
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bayan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alsaid
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Durrbach
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giuliano
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benoit
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Droupy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology*; D010411:Penile Induration / Q000601:surgery*; D010413:Penis / Q000601:surgery*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome