title: First steps of bacteriophage SPP1 entry into Bacillus subtilis.
abstract: The mechanism of genome transfer from the virion to the host cytoplasm is critical to understand and control the beginning of viral infection. The initial steps of bacteriophage SPP1 infection of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis were monitored by following changes in permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane (CM). SPP1 leads to a distinctively faster CM depolarization than the one caused by podovirus ϕ29 or myovirus SP01 during B. subtilis infection. Depolarization requires interaction of SPP1 infective virion to its receptor protein YueB. The amplitude of depolarization depends on phage input and concentration of YueB at the cell surface. Sub-millimolar concentrations of Ca(2+) are necessary and sufficient for SPP1 reversible binding to the host envelope and thus to trigger depolarization while DNA delivery to the cytoplasm depends on millimolar concentrations of this divalent cation. A model describing the early events of bacteriophage SPP1 infection is presented.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Virologie Moléculaire et Structurale, CNRS UPR3296 and IFR 115, Bâtiment 14B, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jakutytė
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lurz
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baptista
authors.forename: Rut
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carballido-Lopez
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: São-José
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.forename: Rimantas
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Daugelavičius
mesh_terms: D017103:Bacillus Phages / Q000502:physiology*; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000821:virology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010539:Permeability; D053585:Virus Attachment; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D002122:Calcium Chloride; D002118:Calcium