title: Speech perception comparisons using an implanted and an external microphone in existing cochlear implant users.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the speech understanding abilities of cochlear implant listeners using 2 microphone technologies, the Otologics fully implantable Carina and the Cochlear Freedom microphones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Feasibility study using direct comparison of the 2 microphones, nonrandomized and nonblinded within case studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral center hospital outpatient clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four subjects with greater than 1 year of unilateral listening experience with the Freedom Cochlear Implant and a CNC word score higher than 40%.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Carina microphone coupled to a percutaneous plug was implanted on the ipsilateral side of the cochlear implant. Two months were allowed for healing before connecting to the Carina microphone. The percutaneous plug was connected to a body worn external processor with output leads inserted into the auxiliary port of the Freedom processor. Subjects were instructed to use each of the 2 microphones for half of their daily implant use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aided pure tone thresholds, consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC), Bamford-Kowel-Bench Speech in Noise test (BKN-SIN), and Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects had sound perceptions using both microphones. The loudness and quality of the sound was judged to be poorer with the Carina in the first 2 subjects. The latter 2 demonstrated essential equivalence in the second two listeners, with the exception of the Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit reporting greater percentage of problems for the Carina in the background noise situation for subject 0011-003PP. CNC word scores were better with the Freedom than the Carina in all 4 subjects. The latter 2 showed improved speech perception abilities with the Carina, compared with the first 2. The BKB-SIN showed consistently better results with the Freedom in noise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early observations indicate that it is potentially feasible to use the fully implanted Carina microphone with the Freedom Cochlear Implant. The authors would anticipate that outcomes would improve as more knowledge is gained in signal processing and with the fabrication of an integrated device.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Herman.jenkins@ucdenver.edu
authors.forename: Herman A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uhler
mesh_terms: D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods; D003054:Cochlear Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006310:Hearing Aids / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D009622:Noise; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013701:Temporal Bone