title: Proteomic analysis of plasma profiles in children with recurrent bone fractures.
abstract: The aim of the study is proteomic analysis of the plasma profile in children with recurrent bone fractures. The study involved 16 children: 6 patients with recurrent low-energy fractures and normal bone mass and 10 with osteogenesis imperfecta. In the analysis of the protein profile, the two-dimensional protein electrophoresis was used (Ettan DALT II, Amersham Bioscience). The images of protein gels were compared with controls. The protein spots with changed expression were cut from the gel and the amino acid sequence was analyzed with the mass spectrometry method (Q-Tof Premier(TM) API MASS SPECTROMETR, Waters) for protein identification. The most prevalent protein with changed expression, with respect to controls, was haptoglobin observed in 6 patients with a severe form of osteogenesis imperfecta. Increased haptoglobin concentration in these patients was confirmed by the ELISA method. Peptides corresponding to alpha-1 acid glycoprotein and serum amyloid P-component, apolipoprotein A-I, and transthyretin were detected in one, two and three children, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1) The results show increased haptoglobin which may be suggestive of an inflammatory component taking part in the course of osteogenesis imperfecta. 2) Further studies to explain the possible relationship of this protein with increased bone fragility are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Propedeutics and Bone Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. agnieszka.rusinska@wp.pl
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rusińska
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Świątkowska
authors.forename: Wiktor
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koziołkiewicz
authors.forename: Szymon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Skurzyński
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Golec
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chlebna-Sokół
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism; D015519:Bone Density; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006242:Haptoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010013:Osteogenesis Imperfecta / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010449:Peptide Mapping / Q000379:methods; D011228:Prealbumin / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C505693:APOA1 protein, human; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D006242:Haptoglobins; D011228:Prealbumin; D020543:Proteome; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component