title: [Ethyl pyruvate inhibited HMGB1 expression induced by LPS in macrophages].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the mechanism of ethyl pyruvate (EP) inhabit high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1)expression and releasing in macrophage induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The murine macrophage-like cell line RAW264.7 cultured in vitro divided into LPS group and LPS+EP group. The expression of HMGB1 mRNA in cultured cell was determined by RT-PCR. The cytoplasmic and nuclear HMGB1 levels were detected by Western blot. The contents of HMGB1  and TNF-α and IL-6 protein in cultured cells supernatant were detected by ELISA. Immunocytochemistry and confocal laser-scanning microscopy were used to confirm the relocation and distribution of intracellular HMGB1 protein in RAW264.7 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HMGB1 mRNA expression in the LPS+EP group was significantly lower than in LPS alone, at 24, 36 and 48 hours. In the LPS+EP stimulation group,  the cytoplasm stained weakly while the nuclear stain was stronger than that of the LPS group at the same time points. Both TNF-α  and  IL-6 levels in LPS+EP group were significantly lower than those in the LPS group at the same time points. EP also effectively prevented the release of HMGB1 protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EP inhibits HMGB1 expression and release from LPS-stimulated macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Liver Diseases Research and Treatment Center, Chongqing Medical Unirersity, China. tianxiaoxingde@163.com
authors.forename: Xiao-xing
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Chuan-xin
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011773:Pyruvates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C046522:ethyl pyruvate