title: Anti-obesity effects of Chang-Chul-Eui-Ee-In-Tang [see text] in female rats with diet-induced obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of Chang-Chul-Eui-Ee-In-Tang ([see text], CCEET), modififi ed CCEET (MCCEET), and Semen Coicis (SC, a major component of CCEET) on energy and glucose homeostasis. The possible mechanism of action of CCEET was also determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 100 Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups, with 20 in each group. Rats in 4 groups were fed with a high fat diet supplementation (2 g/kg body weight), and water extracts of CCEET, MCCEET, SC, and cellulose (negative control), respectively. The last group was fed with a low-fat diet as a positive control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CCEET and MCCEET decreased body weight and body fat (mesenteric and retroperitoneal fat) more than SC. This decrease was due to decreased energy intake and increased energy expenditure and fat oxidation. The improvement in energy homeostasis was associated with the enhancement of the hypothalamic leptin signalling pathway involving potentiating the phosphorylation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription-3, as well as attenuating the phosphorylation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Both CCEET and MCCEET improved glucose tolerance without changing serum insulin levels during an oral glucose tolerance test but MCCEET had a better effect than CCEET.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both CCEET and MCCEET safely exerted anti-obesity effects by enhancing energy balance in female rats with diet-induced obesity; MCCEET showed a better effect on glucose homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Institutes, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea. smpark@hoseo.edu
authors.forename: Sunmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jung Bok
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Daily
mesh_terms: D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002151:Calorimetry; D004032:Diet; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D020738:Leptin; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C571444:chang-chul-eui-ee-in-tang; D000263:Adenylate Kinase