title: Analysis of transcriptome differences between resistant and susceptible strains of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The citrus red mite is a worldwide citrus pest and a common sensitizing allergen of asthma and rhinitis. It has developed strong resistance to many registered acaricides, However, the molecular mechanisms of resistance remain unknown. we therefore used next generation sequencing technology to investigate the global transcriptomes between resistant strains and susceptible strains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We obtained 34,159, 30,466 and 32,217 unigenes by assembling the SS reads, RS reads and SS&RS reads respectively. There are total 17,581 annotated unigenes from SS&RS reads by BLAST searching databases of nr, the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COGs) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) with an E-value ≤ 1e-5, in which 7,075 unigenes were annotated in the COG database, 12, 712 unigenes were found in the KEGG database and 3,812 unigenes were assigned to Gene ontology (GO). Moreover, 2,701 unigenes were judged to be the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the uniquely mapped reads. There are 219 pathways in all annotated unigenes and 198 pathways in DEGs that mapped to the KEGG database. We identified 211 metabolism genes and target genes related to general insecticide resistance such as P450 and Cytochrome b, and further compared their differences between RS and SS. Meanwhile, we identified 105 and 194 genes related to growth and reproduction, respectively, based on the mode of action of Hexythiazox. After further analyses, we found variation in sequences but not in gene expression related to mite growth and reproduction between different strains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first comparative transcriptome study to discover candidate genes involved in phytophagous mite resistance. This study identified differential unigenes related to general pesticide resistance and organism growth and reproduction in P. citri. The assembled, annotated transcriptomes provide a valuable genomic resource for further understanding the molecular basis of resistance mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gaofei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yunfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Junli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaojiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiansu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Haoqiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hongjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shiping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jinjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019295:Computational Biology; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D004351:Drug Resistance; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015723:Gene Library; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008925:Mites; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010575:Pesticides / Q000494:pharmacology; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D040102:Tetranychidae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010575:Pesticides; D012313:RNA