title: Plasmodium species co-infection as a cause of treatment failure.
abstract: We report a case of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium malariae coinfection with associated failure of clinical response to artemether + lumefantrine therapy. This case highlights the need to consider co-infection in the setting of apparent treatment failure and the impact of mixed species infection upon host dynamics and clinical presentation. Recognition of malarial co-infection is clinically important for determining appropriate therapy and preventing disease sequelae.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, NSW, Australia. drannikasmith@gmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Denholm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shortt
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spelman
mesh_terms: D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077549:Artemether; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001315:Australia; D060085:Coinfection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000078102:Lumefantrine; D008288:Malaria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010965:Plasmodium malariae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014195:Travel; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014454:Uganda
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D004983:Ethanolamines; D005449:Fluorenes; D000077549:Artemether; D000078102:Lumefantrine