title: Outcome of 7-S, TQM technique for healthcare waste management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the present waste management system of healthcare facilities (HCFs) attached with Shalamar Hospital, Lahore by applying the 7-S technique of Total Quality Management (TQM) and to find out the outcome after imparting training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional quasi-experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, November, 2009 to November, 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mckinsey's 7-S, technique of TQM was applied to assess the 220 HCFs from Lahore, Gujranwala and Sheikhupura districts for segregation, collection, transportation and disposal (SCTD) of hospital waste. Direct interview method was applied. Trainings were provided in each institution. After one year action period, the status of four areas of concern was compared before and after training. The parameters studied were segregation, collection, transportation and disposal systems in the 220 HCFs. Each of these were further elaborated by strategy, structure, system, staff, skill, style and stakeholder/shared value factors. Standard error of difference of proportion was applied to assess significance using 95% confidence level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was marked improvement in all these areas ranging from 20% to 77% following a training program of 3 months. In case of disposal of the waste strategy, structure and system an increase of 60%, 65% and 75% was observed after training.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 7-S technique played a vital role in assessing the hospital waste management system. Training for the healthcare workers played a significant role in healthcare facilities.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Waste Management, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. junaidhabibullah@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Junaid Habib
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ullah
authors.forename: Rashid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Javed Iqbal
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: M Amanullah
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006268:Health Facilities; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D017744:Medical Waste Disposal / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D010154:Pakistan; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017749:Total Quality Management; D014186:Transportation; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D017744:Medical Waste Disposal