title: Perineuromal stimulation in the treatment of occipital neuralgia: a case study.
abstract: This case study is presented to exemplify the application of a perineuromal approach in the treatment of recalcitrant occipital neuralgia. The patient was a 49-year-old female with severe and disabling occipital neuralgia. The pain persisted despite several surgical procedures, injections in the affected area, and medications. Threading the electrode into the cervical epidural space and attempts at peripheral stimulation using the Weiner and Reed approach were unsuccessful. Immediate benefit was derived when the electrode was advanced subcutaneously and positioned underneath the neuroma apparently created by a C2 nerve transection. A Medtronic Octad (model #3898) was utilized. The patient was contacted at seven and nine months post implantation. She reported 90% improvement in her pain. The improvements were also noted in numerical pain ratings, Beck Depression Inventory, and Oswestry Disability Scale. These improvements were corroborated by her husband. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) remained relatively unchanged. This case illustrates the possible utilization of perineuromal stimulation in the treatment of occipital neuralgia. The specific mechanism of action remains unclear. Replication and controlled studies are required to determine the general applicability of this approach.
authors.affiliation: Orthopedic Specialists of Alabama, Pain Treatment Center and              Pain and Rehabilitation Institute, Birmingham, AL.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Doleys