title: Temporal association of serum progesterone concentrations and vaginal cytology in walruses (Odobenus rosmarus).
abstract: Concentrations of serum estradiol-17β and progesterone were monitored in six female walruses using an enzyme immunoassay. Progesterone concentrations increased from March to May in females aged 6 y or older, and subsequently declined (October). No significant elevation of estradiol-17β concentration was detected before an elevation of progesterone concentration. Vaginal smears from four females were examined with Papanicolaou staining. In all females, most epithelial cells were basophilic intermediate-superficial cells; no color change from basophilic to eosinophilic of the cells was detected. Meanwhile, the percentage of anucleate cells in vaginal smears reached its highest value before the elevation of progesterone concentration, followed by an increase in the percentage of leukocytes. We inferred that the change in populations of anucleate cells and leukocytes in vaginal smears reflected ovarian status and CL formation in female walruses.
authors.affiliation: Faunal Diversity Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokkodai 1-1, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan. k_kinoshita@panther.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiwata
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood*; D012621:Seasons; D014621:Vagina / Q000166:cytology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000662:veterinary; D014856:Walruses / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol