title: Inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus in various bovine tissues used for the production of natural sausage casings.
abstract: Bovine intestines, bladders and oesophagus are used for the production of natural casings ("beef casings") as edible sausage containers. Derived from cattle experimentally infected with FMDV (initial dosage 10(4) TCID(50)/mL, strain A Iran 97), these beef casings were treated with sodium chloride (NaCl) or phosphate supplemented salt (P-salt). In addition, different in-vitro experiments using beef casings were done on a small scale with other FMDV strains (A Turkey 06, C-Oberbayern and O(1) Manisa) as "proof of principle". Based on the combined results of the in-vivo and in-vitro experiments, it can be concluded that the storage period of 30 days at 20 °C in NaCl is sufficiently effective to inactivate a possible contamination with FMDV in beef casings and that the usage of P-salt does not clearly enhance the inactivation of FMDV infectivity. Storage of salted beef casings at about 20 °C for 30 days is already part of the Standard Operating Procedures (included in HACCP) of the international casing industry and can therefore be considered as a protective measure for the international trade in natural casings.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Division Veterinary Public Health, PO Box 80.175 NL-3508 TD, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.j.wijnker@uu.nl
authors.forename: Joris J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wijnker
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Boyd R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Berends
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004947:Esophagus / Q000821:virology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D061353:Food Storage; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000821:virology; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000821:virology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000821:virology; D008461:Meat Products / Q000821:virology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000821:virology*; D038301:Virus Inactivation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D012965:Sodium Chloride