title: Cluster subtypes appropriate for preventing postpartum smoking relapse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While the majority of women quit smoking either before or during pregnancy, 60 to 80% relapse in the postpartum period. The objective of this research was to examine postpartum women who quit smoking during their pregnancies and to determine the predictive factors for relapse in the postpartum period by identifying different subgroups that predict risk of relapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty four postpartum women who were abstinent at the time of delivery were recruited. Data regarding the Acquisition Stage of Change, Decisional Balance and Situational Temptations to Smoke were assessed in the immediate postpartum period. Based on their intention to remain abstinent, 121 women identified in the acquisition-Precontemplation (aPC) group comprised the study sample. Smoking status was assessed again at 2 months postpartum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A cluster analysis was performed to identify subgroups of the acquisition-Precontemplation (aPC) group. Four subgroups were identified and were labeled Most Protected, Ambivalent, Risk Denial, and High Risk. Logistic regression was performed to establish external validity of the clusters. The clusters and exclusive breastfeeding were the only statistically significant variables associated with relapse at 2 months postpartum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results confirmed the clusters identified in previous prevention research with both adolescents and postpartum women, The cluster profiles can serve to guide the development of a tailored intervention program.
authors.affiliation: William F Connell School of Nursing, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States. colleen.simonelli@bc.edu
authors.forename: Mary Colleen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Simonelli
authors.forename: Wayne F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Velicer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D016015:Logistic Models; D009042:Motivation; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult