title: Stress granules in the viral replication cycle.
abstract: As intracellular parasites, viruses require a host cell in order to replicate. However, they face a series of cellular responses against infection. One of these responses is the activation of the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated protein kinase R (PKR). PKR phosphorylates the α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), which in turn results in global protein synthesis inhibition and formation of stress granules (SGs). Recent studies have shown that SGs can interfere with the replicative cycle of certain viruses. This review addresses how viruses have evolved different control strategies at the SG level to ensure an efficient replication cycle during the cellular stress response triggered by the viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Col. Industrial Ánimas, 91190, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
authors.forename: Hilda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Vicenta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trujillo-Alonso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015852:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D011494:Protein Kinases