title: Sulfated-polysaccharide fraction from red algae Gracilaria caudata protects mice gut against ethanol-induced damage.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the gastroprotective activity of a sulfated-polysaccharide (PLS) fraction extracted from the marine red algae Gracilaria caudata and the mechanism underlying the gastroprotective activity. Male Swiss mice were treated with PLS (3, 10, 30 and 90 mg·kg(-1), p.o.), and after 30 min, they were administered 50% ethanol (0.5 mL/25 g(-1), p.o.). One hour later, gastric damage was measured using a planimeter. Samples of the stomach tissue were also obtained for histopathological assessment and for assays of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Other groups were pretreated with l-NAME (10 mg·kg(-1), i.p.), dl-propargylglycine (PAG, 50 mg·kg(-1), p.o.) or glibenclamide (5 mg·kg(-1), i.p.). After 1 h, PLS (30 mg·kg(-1), p.o.) was administered. After 30 min, ethanol 50% was administered (0.5 mL/25 g(-1), p.o.), followed by sacrifice after 60 min. PLS prevented-ethanol-induced macroscopic and microscopic gastric injury in a dose-dependent manner. However, treatment with l-NAME or glibenclamide reversed this gastroprotective effect. Administration of propargylglycine did not influence the effect of PLS. Our results suggest that PLS has a protective effect against ethanol-induced gastric damage in mice via activation of the NO/K(ATP) pathway.
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX-Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí-CMRV, 64202-020, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Renan Oliveira
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX-Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí-CMRV, 64202-020, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Geice Maria Pereira Dos
authors.initials: GMPD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX-Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí-CMRV, 64202-020, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lucas Antonio Duarte
authors.initials: LAD
authors.lastname: Nicolau
authors.affiliation: LAFICA-Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, 60430-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Larisse Tavares
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Lucetti
authors.affiliation: LAFICA-Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, 60430-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula Macedo
authors.initials: APM
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciano de Souza
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Clark Nogueira
authors.initials: FCN
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Proteins and Carbohydrates of Marine Algae, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia Ponte
authors.initials: ALP
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.affiliation: LAFICA-Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, 60430-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte
authors.initials: MHLP
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.affiliation: LAFFEX-Laboratory of Experimental Physiopharmacology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí-CMRV, 64202-020, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jand-Venes Rolim
authors.identifier: 0000-0002-7234-3382
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Medeiros
mesh_terms: D000480:Alkynes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D044724:Gracilaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D054086:KATP Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D054086:KATP Channels; D011134:Polysaccharides; D020011:Protective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C009055:propargylglycine; D005978:Glutathione; D005905:Glyburide; D005998:Glycine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester