title: Theaflavin, a black tea polyphenol, protects nigral dopaminergic neurons against chronic MPTP/probenecid induced Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by loss of dopominergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, and can be experimentally induced by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Chronic administration of MPTP/probenecid (MPTP/p) leads to oxidative stress, induction of apoptosis, and loss of dopominergic neurons which results in motor impairments. Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between tea consumption and susceptibility to PD. Theaflavin is a black tea polyphenol, which possess a wide variety of pharmacological properties including potent anti oxidative, anti apoptotic and anti inflammatory effects. The current study is aimed to assess the effect of theaflavin against MPTP/p induced neurodegenaration in C57BL/6 mice. We found that the theaflavin attenuates MPTP/p induced apoptosis and neurodegeneration as evidenced by increased expression of nigral tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT) and reduced apoptotic markers such as caspase-3, 8, 9 accompanied by normalized behavioral characterization. This may be due to anti oxidative and anti apoptotic activity and these data indicate that theaflavin may provide a valuable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Annadurai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anandhan
authors.forename: Kuppusamy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamilselvam
authors.forename: Thangaiyan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Radhiga
authors.forename: Shalinee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Musthafa Mohamed
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Essa
authors.forename: Thamilarasan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manivasagam
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002392:Catechin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011339:Probenecid / Q000633:toxicity*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D044946:Biflavonoids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D059808:Polyphenols; D013662:Tea; C056068:theaflavin; D002392:Catechin; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D011339:Probenecid