title: Particulate vs. block bone grafts: three-dimensional changes in graft volume after reconstruction of the atrophic maxilla, a 2-year radiographic follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extensive alveolar bone resorption in the maxilla limits the possibility of successful placement and osseointegration of endosseous implants for future prosthetic rehabilitation. Autogenous bone from the iliac crest may be used as lateral onlays in the atrophic maxilla, both as block and particulate bone. To our knowledge, there is no three-dimensional 2-year follow-up study measuring the volumetric reduction of the augmented areas comparing particulate and block bone grafts.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to conduct a radiographic 2-year follow-up study, using computed tomographic (CT) images in order to evaluate and compare the extent of bone graft resorption in the frontal maxillae augmented by particulate (test) and block bone (control).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients treated with iliac bone grafts and oral implants in the maxilla were followed with CT examinations directly post grafting and after 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The volumetric changes after 6 months were extensive. Additionally, the changes in particulate bone tended to be larger after 2 years compared to block bone, using this protocol. However, the difference was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present follow-up study showed that there is radiographically complete integration and embedding of implants installed in grafted bone despite extensive initial graft resorption. There was no significant difference in the amount of volumetric reduction between particulate bone and block bone grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. amirdasmah@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dasmah
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thor
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ekestubbe
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sennerby
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rasmusson
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D001284:Atrophy; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000379:methods*; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008439:Maxillary Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000502:physiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants