title: Hypoxia-inducible microRNA-210 augments the metastatic potential of tumor cells by targeting vacuole membrane protein 1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: As the "master" microRNA that is induced by hypoxia, miR-210 is involved in multiple processes in the hypoxia pathway. However, whether miR-210 mediates hypoxia-induced tumor cell metastasis still remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that miR-210 is frequently up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and promotes the migration and invasion of HCC cells. Furthermore, miR-210 can be induced by hypoxia in HCC cells and mediates hypoxia-induced HCC cell metastasis. We identify vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1) as the direct and functional downstream target of miR-210; in addition, we show that its expression is negatively correlated with the expression of miR-210 in HCC. Intriguingly, VMP1 is reduced by hypoxia, and down-regulation of VMP1 by miR-210 mediates hypoxia-induced HCC cell metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings extend our understanding of the function of miR-210 in the hypoxia pathway, and this newly identified hypoxia/miR-210/VMP1 pathway should facilitate the development of novel therapeutics against hypoxic tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Linhui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Weijie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Ruopeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Shenglin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Meiyan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Jinjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xianghuo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C543800:MIRN210 microRNA, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs; C526584:VMP1 protein, human