title: Intrathecal morphine therapy-related granulomas: faster to grow than thought.
abstract: Complications of intrathecal drug delivery are relatively rare. Of these, infections, cutaneous erosion, and granulomas account for the most common complications. The latter is often noticed when the patient shows signs of sedation and/or reduced pain relief. Granulomas have always been considered to develop over a long period of time, usually calculated in months. Here, we present a case where a catheter-tip granuloma formed within 5 weeks of intrathecal morphine. The patient was carrying an intrathecal pump for 3 months when it was diagnosed. Probable causes of the formation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Service de Neurochirurgie Fonctionnelle, Hôpital de l'Enfant-Jésus, Québec, Québec, Canada;              Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jourdain
authors.forename: Léo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cantin
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prud'homme
authors.forename: Marie-Pierre
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Fournier-Gosselin