title: [Cardioprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide-1: preclinical and clinical data].
abstract: The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30 amino acid incretin hormone synthesized by L cells of ileum and colon in response to a meal. Once secreted, it is rapidly inactivated by specific enzymes called dipeptidyl dipeptidase 4. The main actions of GLP-1 are (i) to stimulate insulin secretion; (ii) to inhibit glucagon secretion; (iii) to elicit a delay of gastric emptying time; and (iv) to stimulate neogenesis of insulin-secreting cells. Patients with type 2 diabetes show low GLP-1 concentrations in response to a meal, making treatment with incretin mimetics specifically indicated in this patient subset. Besides these effects on intermediary metabolism, GLP-1 also plays an important role in the cardiovascular system by reducing blood pressure, improving endothelial function, and increasing myocardial contractility. These mechanisms of action will be discussed in detail in this article.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Malattie del, Dipartimento di Medicina, Universitá degli Studi, Padova. angelo.avogaro@unipd.it
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avogaro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C000593833:GLP1R protein, human; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1