title: Novel antiviral characteristics of nanosized copper(I) iodide particles showing inactivation activity against 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus.
abstract: We investigated the antiviral activity of nanosized copper(I) iodide (CuI) particles having an average size of 160 nm. CuI particles showed aqueous stability and generated hydroxyl radicals, which were probably derived from monovalent copper (Cu(+)). We confirmed that CuI particles showed antiviral activity against an influenza A virus of swine origin (pandemic [H1N1] 2009) by plaque titration assay. The virus titer decreased in a dose-dependent manner upon incubation with CuI particles, with the 50% effective concentration being approximately 17 μg/ml after exposure for 60 min. SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed the inactivation of the virus due to the degradation of viral proteins such as hemagglutinin and neuraminidase by CuI. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy revealed that CuI generates hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution, and radical production was found to be blocked by the radical scavenger N-acetylcysteine. Taken together, these findings indicate that CuI particles exert antiviral activity by generating hydroxyl radicals. Thus, CuI may be a useful material for protecting against viral attacks and may be suitable for applications such as filters, face masks, protective clothing, and kitchen cloths.
authors.affiliation: NBC Meshtec Inc., Hino, Tokyo, Japana; National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. fujimori_y@nbc-jp.com
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimori
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Taishi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayata
authors.forename: Tomokazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Tsuruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sugamata
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000187:drug effects*; D007454:Iodides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053758:Nanoparticles; D019562:Viral Load; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D038301:Virus Inactivation
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007454:Iodides; D014764:Viral Proteins; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D003300:Copper; C073870:cuprous iodide