title: Anatomical structures in the maxillary sinus related to lateral sinus elevation: a cone beam computed tomographic analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to evaluate the anatomical structures in the maxillary sinus with relation to lateral approach sinus elevation utilizing cone beam computed tomography (CT) scans taken prior to sinus elevation surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 150 CT images were acquired from 150 patients (90 men and 60 women; mean age, 49.4 years, range 23-86 years) who were being treated with implant-supported restorations in the posterior edentulous maxilla. Of the 150 CT scans, 65 were of the right sinus and 85 of the left sinus. Measurements of the anatomical structures in the maxillary sinus were conducted on the CT images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the mean width of the lateral wall, there were statistically significant values among the measurement points (P < 0.05). The anterior area of the sinus lateral wall was thicker than the posterior lateral wall. There was a statistically significant difference between the vessel diameter and lateral wall width (P < 0.05). As sinus lateral wall width increased, so did the vessel diameter. The mean distance to the inferior border of the vessel from the sinus floor and from the alveolar crest was 8.25 and 17.03 mm, respectively. The intraosseous group among the vessel position was 64.3%, so the intraosseous vessel could be visualized in CT scans at 64.3%. In angle A, the group of less than 30° was 4.8%. Schneiderian membrane perforation by narrow angle had a low risk. The prevalence of the septa related to Schneiderian membrane perforation was 44%. The distance to the inferior border of the vessel from the alveolar crest being less than 15 mm was 31%. The vessel diameter greater than 1 mm was 37.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on present research about utilizing cone beam CT scans for sinus elevation, the alteration of the lateral approach sinus elevation technique is highly recommended if complications such as membrane perforation or bleeding are expected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: So-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Seung-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Yeek
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Herr
authors.forename: Young-Hyuk
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Gyu-Tae
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation