title: Enzyme-assisted extraction of lycopene from tomato processing waste.
abstract: A central composite design was used to optimize the enzyme-assisted extraction of lycopene from the peel fraction of tomato processing waste. Tomato skins were pretreated by a food-grade enzyme preparation with pectinolytic and cellulolytic activities and then subjected to hexane extraction. The factors investigated included extraction temperature (10-50 °C), pretreatment time (0.5-6.5 h), extraction time (0.5-4.5 h), enzyme solution-to-solid ratio (10-50 dm³/kg) and enzyme load (0-0.2 kg/kg). Overall, an 8- to 18-fold increase in lycopene recovery was observed compared to the untreated plant material. From a response surface analysis of the data, a second-degree polynomial equation was developed which provided the following optimal extraction conditions: T=30 °C, extraction time=3.18 h and enzyme load=0.16 kg/kg. The obtained results strongly support the idea of using cell-wall degrading enzymes as an effective means for recovering lycopene from tomato waste.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials & Environment, Sapienza University, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuorro
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fidaleo
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lavecchia
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D044602:Cellulases / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005524:Food Technology; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004798:Enzymes; D002338:Carotenoids; D044602:Cellulases; D000077276:Lycopene