title: Accuracy of the S100β protein as a marker of brain damage in traumatic brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study tested the hypothesis that S100β is a useful screening tool for detecting intracranial lesion (IL) in patients with a normal level of consciousness after traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and forty-three post-TBI patients without a decrease in consciousness (GCS = 15) and with at least one neurological symptom (e.g. transitory loss of consciousness, amnesia, headache, dizziness or vomiting) were prospectively included. A blood sample was drawn at 6-hours post-TBI. A routine CT scan was obtained within 24 hours post-injury. Diagnostic properties of S100β for IL prediction in CT scan findings were tested using ROC-analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 15 patients (10.5%) had IL. Serum levels were significantly higher in these patients. Significant differences were found between S100β levels and CT scan findings (p = 0.007). ROC-analysis showed that S100β is a useful tool for detecting the presence of IL in CT scans (p = 0.007). In this series, the best cut-off for S100β is 0.130 µg L(-1), with 100% sensitivity and 32.81% specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the first 6 hours post-TBI, serum S100β seems to be an effective biochemical indicator of IL in patients without a decrease in consciousness. These results indicate that higher S100β cut-off values substantially improve the clinical relevance of this protein.
authors.affiliation: NeuroCritical Care Unit, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain. juanj.egea.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Egea-Guerrero
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Revuelto-Rey
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Murillo-Cabezas
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Sánchez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vilches-Arenas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Linares
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Roldán
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: León-Carrión
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins