title: Helios transcription factor expression depends on Gsx2 and Dlx1&2 function in developing striatal matrix neurons.
abstract: Development of the nervous system is finely regulated by consecutive expression of cell-specific transcription factors. Here we show that Helios, a member of the Ikaros transcription factor family, is expressed in ectodermal and neuroectodermal-derived tissues. During embryonic development, Helios is expressed by several brain structures including the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE, the striatal anlage); the cingulated, insular and retrosplenial cortex; the hippocampus; and the accessory olfactory bulb. Moreover, Helios is also expressed by Purkinje neurons during postnatal cerebellar development. Within the LGE, Helios expression follows a dynamic spatio-temporal pattern starting at embryonic stages (E14.5), peaking at E18.5, and completely disappearing during postnatal development. Helios is expressed by a small population of nestin-positive neural progenitor cells located in the subventricular zone as well as by a larger population of immature neurons distributed throughout the mantle zone. In the later, Helios is preferentially expressed in the matrix compartment, where it colocalizes with Bcl11b and Foxp1, well-known markers of striatal projection neurons. In addition, we observed that Helios expression is not detected in Dlx1/2 and Gsx2 null mutants, while its expression is maintained in Ascl1 mutants. These findings allow us to introduce a new transcription factor in the cascade of events that take part of striatal development postulating the existence of at least 4 different neural progenitors in the LGE. An Ascl1-independent but Gsx2- & Dlx1/2-dependent precursor will express Helios defining a new lineage for a subset of matrix striatal neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Immunology and Neuroscience, and Cell Therapy Program, Faculty of Medicine, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer-IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Ibáñez
authors.forename: Empar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esgleas
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waclaw
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Georgopoulos
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vicario-Abejón
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alberch
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kastner
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rubenstein
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Canals
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051740:Ikaros Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D057507:Mice, 129 Strain; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C088334:Distal-less homeobox proteins; C109498:Gsh2 protein, mouse; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; D064231:Nestin; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014404:Tubulin; C497238:Zfpn1a1 protein, mouse; C491746:Zfpn1a2 protein, mouse; C462941:beta3 tubulin, mouse; D051740:Ikaros Transcription Factor