title: Effect of polyethylene glycol in pig intestinal allotransplantation without immunosuppression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated whether IGL-1, a graft preservation solution containing polyethylene glycol, improves the outcome of small bowel grafts in comparison to the University of Wisconsin (UW) solution in a pig allotransplantation model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen pigs were randomly allocated to group 1 (n = 10; intestinal allotransplantation with IGL-1) and group 2 (n = 7; allotransplantation with UW). Pigs received no immunosuppression and were sacrificed on postoperative d (POD) 8. Intestinal specimens were obtained from the animal immediately before cold flushing (T0), 2 h after graft reperfusion (T1), and at sacrifice (T2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival rate to POD 8 was 50% in group 1 compared with 16% in group 2 (P < 0.05); 62% of pigs in group 1 did not present any acute cellular rejection (ACR) compared to 16% in group 2 (P < 0.05). Severe ACR rate was 25% in group 1 and 66% in group 2 (P < 0.05). iNOS activity and intestinal caspase 3 levels increased significantly between T0 and T1 in group 1 compared to group 2 (P < 0.05). Cell necrosis increased significantly between TO and T1 in group 2 compared with group 1 (P < 0.05) whereas cell apoptosis was significantly higher at T1 compared with T0 in group 1 in comparison to group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that IGL-1 improves intestinal graft viability as compared to UW solution, possibly by reducing graft immunogenicity and by favoring intestinal epithelial repair.
authors.affiliation: Pôle Digestif, Unité de Support Nutritionnel et de Greffes Intestinales, 3ème B, Hôpital de, l'Archet 2, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nice, Nice, France. yandza.t@chu-nice.fr
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yandza
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tauc
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Canioni
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rogel-Gaillard
authors.forename: Ghislaine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gugenheim
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011887:Raffinose / Q000494:pharmacology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: C504757:IGL-1 solution; D007328:Insulin; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; C055206:University of Wisconsin-lactobionate solution; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D000493:Allopurinol; D053148:Caspase 3; D005978:Glutathione; D000241:Adenosine; D011887:Raffinose