title: Spinal dysraphism associated with the cutaneous lumbosacral infantile hemangioma: a neuroradiological review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal dysraphism is suspected in patients with midline abnormalities, especially in those with lumbosacral cutaneous markings. A recent prospective study demonstrated that isolated cutaneous infantile hemangiomas (IH) of the lumbosacral region have one of the highest risks (relative risk of 438) of associated spinal dysraphism.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The specific types of dysraphism and radiological findings associated with cutaneous IH of the lumbosacral region have not been described in detail, to the best of our knowledge. The aim of this multicenter study is to retrospectively classify types of spinal anomalies associated with the cutaneous lumbosacral IH.
  
  
  METHODS
  The radiological images of 20 cases of lumbosacral infantile hemangioma associated with spinal dysraphism were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tethered cord was found in 60% of the 20 cases, spinal lipoma was present in 50% and 45% had intraspinal hemangiomas. Sinus tract was found in 40% of the children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A range of spinal anomalies is associated with cutaneous lumbosacral infantile hemangiomas and MRI can be used to characterize these abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, P. O. Box 1997, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1997, USA. wschumacher@mcw.edu
authors.forename: Wendy E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Drolet
authors.forename: Mohit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Horii
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nopper
authors.forename: Brandon D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Newell
authors.forename: Denise W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Metry
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Garzon
authors.forename: Kimberly D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Morel
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chamlin
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: Ilona J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Frieden
authors.forename: Craig M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000175:diagnosis*