title: Placental origins of angiogenic dysfunction in mirror syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUNDL: Mirror syndrome is characterized by preeclampsia-like syndrome in pregnancies complicated by fetal hydrops. We describe a case of mirror syndrome associated with angiogenic dysfunction in maternal plasma and the placenta.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pregnant patient with known fetal hydrops presented at 22 weeks gestation with features of severe preeclampsia. Measurements of plasma anti- and proangiogenic factors were consistent with a profound antiangiogenic state. Immunohistochemistry of the placenta for antiangiogenic proteins showed a pattern similar to that seen in patients with severe preeclampsia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Angiogenic imbalance may also be responsible for the preeclampsia-like condition seen in mirror syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bixel
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silasi
authors.forename: Carolyn M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Zelop
authors.forename: Kee-Hak
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zsengeller
authors.forename: Isaac E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Stillman
authors.forename: Sarosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rana
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D000071063:Endoglin; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015160:Hydrops Fetalis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000097:blood; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; C064206:ENG protein, human; D000071063:Endoglin; C000608036:PGF protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; C501162:FLT1 protein, human; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1