title: Myeloid cell IL-10 production in response to leishmania involves inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β downstream of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase.
abstract: Leishmania disease expression has been linked to IL-10. In this study, we investigated the regulation of IL-10 production by macrophages infected with Leishmania donovani. Infection of either murine or human macrophages brought about selective phosphorylation of Akt-2 in a PI3K-dependent manner. These events were linked to phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) at serine 9, as the latter was abrogated by inhibition of either PI3K or Akt. One of the transcription factors that is negatively regulated by GSK-3β is CREB, which itself positively regulates IL-10 expression. Infection of macrophages with leishmania induced phosphorylation of CREB at serine 133, and this was associated with enhanced CREB DNA binding activity and induction of IL-10. Similar to phosphorylation of GSK-3β, both phosphorylation of CREB at serine 133 and CREB DNA binding activity were abrogated in cells treated with inhibitors of either PI3K or Akt prior to infection. Furthermore, disruption of this pathway either by inhibition of Akt or by overexpression of GSK-3β markedly attenuated IL-10 production in response to leishmania. Thus, GSK-3β negatively regulates myeloid cell IL-10 production in response to leishmania. Switching off GSK-3β promotes disease pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Devki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nandan
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camargo de Oliveira
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moeenrezakhanlou
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Judith M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Subek
authors.forename: Neil E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Reiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000276:immunology; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000276:immunology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C115163:CREB1 protein, human; C492004:Creb1 protein, mouse; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; D016753:Interleukin-10; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C494921:AKT2 protein, human; C494922:Akt2 protein, mouse; C000605506:GSK3B protein, human; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605507:Gsk3b protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3