title: Enhanced transdermal delivery of indomethacin using combination of PLGA nanoparticles and iontophoresis in vivo.
abstract: Nanoparticles effectively deliver therapeutic agent by penetrating into the rat skin in vivo. Indomethacin (IM) and coumarin-6 were loaded in PLGA nanoparticles with an average diameter of 100 nm. Indomethacin (IM) and coumarin-6 were chosen as a model drug and as a fluorescent marker, respectively. The surfaces of the nanoparticles were negatively charged. Permeability of IM-loaded PLGA nanoparticles through rat skin was studied in vivo. Higher amount of IM was delivered through skin when IM was loaded in nanoparticles than IM was free molecules. Also, iontophoresis was applied to enhance the permeability of nanoparticles. When iontophoresis was applied at 0.05 mA/cm(2), permeability of IM was much higher than that obtained by simple diffusion of nanoparticles through skin. The combination of charged nanoparticle system with iontophoresis is useful for effective transdermal systemic delivery of therapeutic agents.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Keishiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomoda
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terashima
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inagi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Kimiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makino
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D003374:Coumarins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007478:Iontophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003374:Coumarins; D013844:Thiazoles; C517282:coumarin 6; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D007213:Indomethacin