title: Larvicidal and repellent activity of Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae) essential oil against the mosquito Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae).
abstract: Lamiaceae have traditionally been used in developing countries for their insecticidal and repellent properties against several insect species. In our research, the essential oil (EO) extracted from fresh leaves of Hyptis suaveolens (Lamiaceae), and its main constituents were evaluated for larvicidal and repellent activity against the Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae), currently the most invasive mosquito worldwide. H. suaveolens EO had insecticidal activity against A. albopictus larvae and mortality was dosage dependent. At the highest dosages of 450 and 400 ppm, there were no significant differences on larval mortality, as mortality ranged between 98.33% and 93.33%, respectively. At dosages ranging from 250 to 350 ppm, mortality rates were lower and not significantly different from each other. Terpinolene was found to be the most effective pure compound. Efficacy protection from H. suaveolens EO, at dosages ranging from 0.03748 to 0.7496 μg cm(-2) of skin, was evaluated during 150 min of observation. Results indicated that this EO had a significant repellent activity (RD(50) = 0.00035 μg cm(-2); RD(90) = 0.00048 μg cm(-2)), with differences in repellency rates, as a function of both concentration and observation time. Protection time ranged from 16 to 135 min. These results clearly evidenced that the larvicidal and repellent activity of H. suaveolens EO could be used for the development of new and safer products against A. albopictus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tree Science, Entomology and Plant Pathology G. Scaramuzzi, University of Pisa, Via San Michele degli Scalzi 2, 56124, Pisa, Italy. bconti@agr.unipi.it
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benelli
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Flamini
authors.forename: Pier Luigi
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Cioni
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Profeti
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ceccarini
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macchia
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Canale
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D006805:Human Experimentation; D006801:Humans; D031331:Hyptis / Q000737:chemistry*; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013729:Terpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D007302:Insect Repellents; D007306:Insecticides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D013729:Terpenes; C027009:terpinolene