title: Learning curve of vesico-urinary ultrasonography in Schistosoma haematobium infection with WHO practical guide: a "simple to learn" examination.
abstract: In developing countries, it is difficult to rally a radiologist to conduct field studies. Here, we report how a radiologist taught a clinician to carry out the ultrasound examination as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) record sheet for Schistosoma haematobium related lesions. In a population infected with S. haematobium, the learner and teacher performed two ultrasound exams and the results were compared. One hundred thirty-two children were prospectively included, during 8 ultrasonography sessions split over 23 days. After 51 examinations the learner's sensitivity was above 90%. After the fifth session the specificity reached 100% (results remained stable until the end of the study period). This study shows that a clinician can quickly learn how to carry out a simple ultrasound examination to gather the items needed for the follow-up of S. haematobium related lesions, suggesting that clinicians could implement networks of ultrasound-based surveillance on the field.
authors.affiliation: NGO Espoir Pour La Santé (EPLS), Saint Louis, Senegal. philippe.bonnard@tnn.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonnard
authors.forename: Samy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boutouaba
authors.forename: Ibrahima
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Diakhate
authors.forename: Modou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seck
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dompnier
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riveau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059032:Learning Curve; D008297:Male; D012548:Schistosoma haematobium; D012553:Schistosomiasis haematobia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012675:Senegal; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000592:standards; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology; D014944:World Health Organization