title: Reclassification of Bacillus beijingensis Qiu et al. 2009 and Bacillus ginsengi Qiu et al. 2009 as Bhargavaea beijingensis comb. nov. and Bhargavaea ginsengi comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Bhargavaea.
abstract: We have carried out a polyphasic taxonomic characterization of Bacillus beijingensis DSM 19037(T) and Bacillus ginsengi DSM 19038(T), which are closely related phylogenetically to Bhargavaea cecembensis LMG 24411(T). All three strains are Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, moderately halotolerant and non-spore-forming. 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that the strains constituted a coherent cluster, with sequence similarities between 99.7 and 98.7 %. The percentage similarity on the basis of amino acid sequences deduced from partial gyrB gene nucleotide sequences of these three type strains was 96.1-92.7 %. Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA gene and GyrB amino acid sequences, obtained by using three different algorithms, were consistent and showed that these three species constituted a deeply rooted cluster separated from the clades represented by the genera Bacillus, Planococcus, Planomicrobium, Sporosarcina, Lysinibacillus, Viridibacillus, Kurthia and Geobacillus, supporting their placement in the genus Bhargavaea. All three type strains have menaquinone MK-8 as the major respiratory quinone and showed similar fatty acid profiles. The main polar lipids present in the three type strains were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol, and the three strains showed peptidoglycan type A4α with L-lysine as the diagnostic diamino acid. The DNA G+C contents of Bacillus beijingensis DSM 19037(T), Bacillus ginsengi DSM 19038(T) and Bhargavaea cecembensis LMG 24411(T) were 53.1, 50.2 and 53.7 mol%, respectively. The level of DNA-DNA hybridization among the three strains was 57-39 %, indicating that they are members of different species of the genus Bhargavaea. The phenotypic data are consistent with the placement of these three species in a single genus and support their differentiation at the species level. On the basis of these data, we have emended the description of the genus Bhargavaea and propose the reclassification of Bacillus beijingensis and Bacillus ginsengi to the genus Bhargavaea, as Bhargavaea beijingensis comb. nov. (type strain ge10(T)  = DSM 19037(T)  = CGMCC 1.6762(T)) and Bhargavaea ginsengi comb. nov. (type strain ge14(T)  = DSM 19038(T)  = CGMCC 1.6763(T)).
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Unit, National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Unit, National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Prashant Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Unit, National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Arvind Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Chi Nam
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Han Na
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Keun Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Unit, National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Milind Shivaji
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Patole
authors.affiliation: Microbial Culture Collection, Hindustan Antibiotics Ltd. Complex, Pimpri, Pune 411 018, Maharashtra, India.|Molecular Biology Unit, National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune, Pune 411 007, Maharashtra, India.
authors.forename: Yogesh Shreepad
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shouche
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D011809:Quinones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D027081:DNA Gyrase