title: Retrospective clinical evaluation of an internal tube-in-tube dental implant after 4 years, with special emphasis on peri-implant bone resorption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A clinical evaluation of the long-term survival rate of three subtypes of a dental tube-in-tube implant with special emphasis on peri-implant bone resorption was conducted and is presented here.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective follow-up examination of patients treated with tube-in-tube implants between August 2001 and August 2005 was conducted. For patients available for clinical recall, success criteria according to Albrektsson and Buser were evaluated. Differences in peri-implant bone resorption with regard to implant subtype and depth of implant placement (supracrestal or crestal) were calculated via the Student t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred twenty-seven patients were provided with a total of 382 Camlog implants. Of the implants placed, 239 were root-line (RL), 129 were screw-line (SL), and 14 were cylindric. One hundred four patients with 318 implants could be contacted. In 59 cases, bony augmentation was performed. After an average time in situ of 32 months (range, 8 to 56 months), 307 of 318 surveyed implants (96.5%) remained in function. Six implants were lost as a result of absence of osseointegration, four following peri-implantitis, and one owing to hypesthesia. Two patients with eight implants have died since 2005, and 21 patients with 47 implants could not be contacted. In 75 patients with 240 implants, clinical success rates were 94% (Albrektsson) and 97% (Buser). A significant difference in bone resorption was found between RL and SL implants (P < .0001). Implants that had been placed supracrestally showed significantly less bone resorption than crestally inserted implants, both overall and in subgroup analyses (RL, P = .015; SL, P < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The internal tube-in-tube implant system showed promising long-term results. Significantly less bone resorption was seen for RL implants as well as for implants that were placed supracrestally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Nawas
authors.forename: Peer W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Kämmerer
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morbach
authors.forename: Friederike
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ophoven
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D059605:Dental Implant-Abutment Design; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants