title: The control of endothelial cell adhesion and migration by shear stress and matrix-substrate anchorage.
abstract: Endothelial cells constitute the natural inner lining of blood vessels and possess anti-thrombogenic properties. This characteristic is frequently used by seeding endothelial cells on vascular prostheses. As the type of anchorage of adhesion ligands to materials surfaces is known to determine the mechanical balance of adherent cells, we investigated herein the behaviour of endothelial cells under physiological shear stress conditions. The adhesion ligand fibronectin was anchored to polymer surfaces of four physicochemical characteristics exhibiting covalent and non-covalent attachment as well as high and low hydrophobicity. The in situ analysis combined with cell tracking of shear stress-induced effects on cultured isolated cells and monolayers under venous (0.5 dyn/cm(2)) and arterial (12 dyn/cm(2)) shear stress over a time period of 24 h revealed distinct differences in their morphological and migratory features. Most pronounced, unidirectional and bimodal migration patterns of endothelial cells in or against flow direction were found in dependence on the type of substrate-matrix anchorage. Combined by an immunofluorescent analysis of the actin cytoskeleton, cell-cell junctions, cell-matrix adhesions, and matrix reorganization these results revealed a distinct balance of laminar shear stress, cell-cell contacts and substrate-matrix anchorage in affecting endothelial cell fate under flow conditions. This analysis underlines the importance of materials surface parameters as well as primary and secondary adhesion ligand anchorage in the context of artificial blood vessels for future therapeutic devices.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden, Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Teichmann
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seebach
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schnittler
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Tilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pompe
mesh_terms: D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D021982:Cell-Matrix Junctions / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005353:Fibronectins; D011108:Polymers