title: Antioxidant and antimicrobial attributes and phenolics of different solvent extracts from leaves, flowers and bark of Gold Mohar [Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf].
abstract: This paper describes the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and phenolic components of different solvent (absolute methanol, absolute ethanol, absolute acetone, 80% methanol, 80% ethanol, 80% acetone and deionized water) extracts of leaves, flowers and bark of Gold Mohar [Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.]. The extract yields from leaves, flowers and bark ranged from 10.19 to 36.24, 12.97 to 48.47 and 4.22 to 8.48 g/100 g dry weight (DW), respectively. Overall, 80% methanol extract produced from the leaves exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher antioxidant activity, with high phenolic contents (3.63 g GAE/100 g DW), total flavonoid contents (1.19 g CE/100 g DW), inhibition of peroxidation (85.54%), DPPH scavenging capacity (IC(50) value 8.89 μg/mL) and reducing power (1.87). Similarly, this 80% methanol leaves extract also showed superior antimicrobial activity. HPLC analysis of the 80% methanol extracts for individual phenolics revealed the presence of gallic, protocatechuic and salicylic acid in leaves; gallic, protocatechuic, salicylic, trans-cinnamic and chlorogenic acid in flowers, and gallic acid in bark as the main (amount > 1.50 mg/100 g DW) phenolic acids. Besides, small amounts ( < 1.50 mg/100 g DW) of some other phenolic acids such as sorbic, sinapic, p-coumaric, m-coumaric, ferulic, caffeic, 3-hydroxybenzoic, 4-hydroxycinnamic and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids were also detected. The extracts of the tested parts of Gold Mohar, especially, the leaves, might be valuable for functional food and therapeutic applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ghulam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shabir
authors.forename: Farooq
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.forename: Bushra
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Zafar M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Khalid
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afzal
authors.forename: Qaiser M
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashrafuzzaman
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species