title: Choroidal metastases in testicular choriocarcinoma, successful treatment with chemo- and radiotherapy: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Choriocarcinoma is a very rare cause of ocular metastasis. Only 18 male patients have been reported on, 4 of whom survived, but with significant loss of vision.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 26-year-old Caucasian man, suffering from testicular choriocarcinoma with pulmonary, cerebral, renal, hepatic and osseous metastases, underwent left radical orchiectomy. While being treated with chemotherapy, he presented with loss of vision in the left eye. Ophthalmoscopy revealed bilateral non-pigmented, hemorrhagic choroidal tumours, compatible with secondary lesions. Continued chemotherapy and stereotactic radiotherapy of the skull and spine lead to full remission with excellent vision, after more than 4 years of follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Testicular choriocarcinoma is an exceptional cause of choroidal metastasis, potentially asymptomatic and with specific clinical features. Radiotherapy can complement radical orchiectomy and chemotherapy, to achieve full remission and maintain good vision.
authors.affiliation: Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland, Avenue de France 15, CH-1004 Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guber
authors.forename: Leonidas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zografos
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schalenbourg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D002822:Choriocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome