title: Preparation and evaluation of niosomes containing autoclaved Leishmania major: a preliminary study.
abstract: In this study, different positively charged niosomal formulations containing sorbitan esters, cholesterol and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide were prepared by film hydration method for the entrapment of autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM). Size distribution pattern and stability of niosomes were investigated by laser light scattering method and ALM encapsulation per cent was measured by the bicinchoninic acid method. Finally, the selected formulation was used for the induction of the immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice. Size distribution curves of all the formulations followed a log-normal pattern and the mean volume diameter was in the range 7.57-15.80 µm. The mean volume diameters were significantly increased by adding Tween to Span formulations (p < 0.05). The percentage of ALM entrapped in all formulations varied between 14.88% and 36.65%. In contrast to ALM, in vivo studies showed that the niosomes containing ALM have a moderate effect in the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutics Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 76175-493, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pardakhty
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shakibaie
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daneshvar
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khamesipour
authors.forename: Tayebe
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mohammadi-Khorsand
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Forootanfar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000378:metabolism*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000737:chemistry; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008081:Liposomes; D011136:Polysorbates; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D002784:Cholesterol