title: Lipid nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for the Parietaria judaica major allergen Par j 2.
abstract: Parietaria pollen is one of the major causes of allergic reaction in southern Europe, affecting about 30% of all allergic patients in this area. Specific immunotherapy is the only treatment able to modify the natural outcome of the disease by restoring a normal immunity against allergens. The preparation of allergen-solid lipid nanoparticles as delivery vehicles for therapeutic proteins, P. judaica major allergen Par j 2, was investigated. The Par j 2 allergen was expressed in a large amount in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Its immunological properties were studied by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay inhibition. Solid lipid nanoparticles were obtained by water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion method and characterized in terms of mean size and surface charge. These systems (approximately 250 nm diameter and negative surface charge) incorporated recombinant Par j 2 with 40% or greater efficiency. Moreover, the endotoxin level and anaphylactic activity of the empty solid lipid nanoparticles and recombinant Par j 2-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles were evaluated by looking at the overexpression of CD203c marker on human basophils. These results demonstrate that recombinant Par j 2-nanoparticles could be proposed as safe compositions for the development of new therapeutic dosage forms to cure allergic reactions.
authors.affiliation: Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy. marialuisa.bondi@ismn.cnr.it
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bondì
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montana
authors.forename: Emanuela Fabiola
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Craparo
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Gesù
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giammona
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bonura
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombo
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D001491:Basophils / Q000378:metabolism; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D004337:Drug Carriers; C427944:ENPP3 protein, human; D004655:Emulsions; D008563:Membrane Lipids; C506384:Par j 2 allergen, Parietaria; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C000521:cutin; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D011755:Pyrophosphatases