title: Laboratory studies on formation and minimisation of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and -furans (PCDD/F) in secondary aluminium process.
abstract: The objectives of this work were to study the formation mechanisms of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) in thermal aluminium recycling processes by use of laboratory experiments. The pattern of isomers of PCDD/F indicates that de novo synthesis is important in aluminium smeltery. The mechanisms of PCDD/F formation in aluminium smelting are similar to that of various incineration processes of waste material. The results of bioanalysis (EROD-test) confirms the existence of de novo synthesis of PCDD/F, but points out to the existence to some additional, toxic compounds of unknown structure. To reduce the amount of PCDD/F the input of carbon at the metal should be reduced; in addition the metal smeltery plants should be cleaned from fly ash particles. It is suggested to use good primary methods in the technical plants like constant feeding of the metal into the oven will minimise PCDD/F concentration. The biological EROD-bioassay is a good tool to estimate PCDD/F-TEQ values also for this technical process simulated in the laboratory.
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, Neuherberg, Germany. Lenoir@helmholtz-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lenoir
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Klobasa
authors.forename: Marchela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pandelova
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henkelmann
authors.forename: Karl-Werner
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Schramm
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000737:chemistry*; D001681:Biological Assay; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000517:prevention & control; D008669:Metallurgy / Q000379:methods*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D059027:Recycling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D007220:Industrial Waste; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D000535:Aluminum; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1