title: Bartonella and Rickettsia in arthropods from the Lao PDR and from Borneo, Malaysia.
abstract: Rickettsioses and bartonelloses are arthropod-borne diseases of mammals with widespread geographical distributions. Yet their occurrence in specific regions, their association with different vectors and hosts and the infection rate of arthropod-vectors with these agents remain poorly studied in South-east Asia. We conducted entomological field surveys in the Lao PDR (Laos) and Borneo, Malaysia by surveying fleas, ticks, and lice from domestic dogs and collected additional samples from domestic cows and pigs in Laos. Rickettsia felis was detected by real-time PCR with similar overall flea infection rate in Laos (76.6%, 69/90) and Borneo (74.4%, 268/360). Both of the encountered flea vectors Ctenocephalides orientis and Ctenocephalides felis felis were infected with R. felis. The degrees of similarity of partial gltA and ompA genes with recognized species indicate the rickettsia detected in two Boophilus spp. ticks collected from a cow in Laos may be a new species. Isolation and further characterization will be necessary to specify it as a new species. Bartonella clarridgeiae was detected in 3/90 (3.3%) and 2/360 (0.6%) of examined fleas from Laos and Borneo, respectively. Two fleas collected in Laos and one flea collected in Borneo were co-infected with both R. felis and B. clarridgeiae. Further investigations are needed in order to isolate these agents and to determine their epidemiology and aetiological role in unknown fever in patients from these areas.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes URMITE, Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Tahar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kernif
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Socolovschi
authors.forename: Konstans
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Maklarin B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lakim
authors.forename: Saythong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inthalad
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Slesak
authors.forename: Najma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boudebouch
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Beaucournu
authors.forename: Paul N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raoult
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Parola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001179:Arthropod Vectors / Q000382:microbiology*; D001473:Bartonella / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001474:Bartonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D001893:Borneo / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D007812:Laos / Q000453:epidemiology; D008003:Phthiraptera / Q000382:microbiology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012282:Rickettsia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D041161:Rickettsia felis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005423:Siphonaptera / Q000382:microbiology; D013552:Swine; D013987:Ticks / Q000382:microbiology