title: Alveolar bone remodeling around immediate implants placed in accordance with the extraction socket classification: a three-dimensional microcomputed tomography analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies assessed bone remodeling after a single tooth extraction; however, the effect of multiple contiguous teeth extractions around immediate implant remains unknown. The aim of this microcomputed tomographic investigation is to analyze the alveolar bone remodeling around immediate implants placed in accordance with the extraction socket classification (ESC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Under general anesthesia, 10 beagle dogs underwent atraumatic tooth extractions. Animals were randomly divided into three groups, with 16 sites per group: 1) ESC-1, single tooth extraction; 2) ESC-2, two contiguous teeth extraction; and 3) ESC-3, more than two contiguous teeth extractions. Immediate implants were inserted in each socket, and postoperative plaque control measures were undertaken. After euthanasia, the jaw segments were evaluated for bone thickness, marginal bone loss (MBL), and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) using microcomputed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean buccal bone thickness (P <0.05) and MBL (P <0.05) was compromised in jaws in ESC-3 compared to those in ESC-1 and ESC-2. The BIC was significantly higher among jaws in ESC-1 compared to those in ESC-2 and ESC-3 (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the buccal bone thickness, MBL, and BIC among the groups in the maxilla and mandible. Lingual bone remodeling did not reveal any significant differences among the groups in either jaw.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Buccal bone remodeling is significantly more extensive around immediate implants placed in multiple contiguous tooth extraction sites compared to immediate implants placed in single tooth extraction sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Munirah Saleh
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Al-Shabeeb
authors.forename: Mansour
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Askar
authors.forename: Abdulaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Rasheed
authors.forename: Nadir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Babay
authors.forename: Fawad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.forename: Hom-Lay
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Hezaimi
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D057893:Immediate Dental Implant Loading; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000145:classification*; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants