title: Traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors in non-functioning adrenal adenomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The majority of the incidentally discovered adrenal masses are non-functioning adrenal adenomas; however data regarding traditional and novel cardiovascular risk predictors in these subjects is lacking. The objective of our study was to investigate the levels of PAI-1, IL-6 and Apelin along with several traditional cardiovascular risk markers in subjects with non-functioning adrenal adenomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  38 subjects with non-functioning adrenal adenomas and 30, age, gender and BMI matched healthy controls were enrolled. Participants underwent hormonal evaluation including morning cortisol, adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), post dexamethasone suppression test (DST) cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and urinary cortisol. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters, body composition, PAI-1, IL-6 and Apelin were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with non-functioning adrenal adenomas had significant elevations in systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, waist circumference, uric acid, and post DST cortisol and had significantly reduced levels of DHEAS when compared to BMI matched controls. No significant difference was observed in terms of PAI-1, IL-6 and Apelin between groups. PAI-1 and IL-6 were significantly correlated with mean arterial pressure, BMI, uric acid, total and LDL-cholesterol. Linear regression analysis showed that morning cortisol and Apelin levels independently predicted HOMA levels in subjects with adrenal adenomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects with non-functioning adrenal adenomas feature several cardiovascular risk factors even when compared to BMI matched individuals. Subtle cortisol autonomy in adrenal adenomas may be associated with those findings.
authors.affiliation: Dokuz Eylul University, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Izmir, Turkey. serkanyenermd@gmail.com
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yener
authors.forename: Abdurrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cömlekci
authors.forename: Faize
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sevinc
authors.forename: Senem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ertilav
authors.forename: Sena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yesil
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000097:blood*; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D000073861:Apelin; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C115436:APLN protein, human; D000073861:Apelin; D015415:Biomarkers; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1