title: Pediatric oncology research in low income countries: ethical concepts and challenges.
abstract: Uneven strides in research and care have led to discrepancies in childhood cancer outcomes between high and low income countries (LICs). Collaborative research may help improve outcomes in LICs by generating knowledge for local scientific communities, augmenting knowledge translation, and fostering context-specific evaluation of treatment protocols. However, the risks of such research have received little attention. This paper investigates the relationship between pediatric oncology research in LICs and four core issues in the ethics literature: standard of care, trial benefits, ethics review, and informed consent. Our aims are to highlight the importance of this field and the need for further inquiry.
authors.affiliation: Division of Haematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatric Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Avram E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Denburg
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joffe
authors.forename: Sumit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Raul C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Federico A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Antillon
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vasquez
authors.forename: Lillian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D001675:Bioethics; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000191:economics / Q000941:ethics