title: Effects of subchronic exposure to simazine on zebrafish (Danio rerio).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Simazine is a triazine herbicide which has been used for a long period in agriculture and in the aquatic environment for control of weeds and algae. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of subchronic exposure to simazine on growth and the development of histopathological changes in selected organs (gills, kidney, liver) in Danio rerio.
  
  
  METHODS
  Juvenile growth tests were performed on D. rerio according to the OECD method No. 215. Fish at the age of 20 days were exposed to the environmental simazine concentration commonly detected in Czech rivers (0.06 μg.L-1) and a range of sublethal concentrations of simazine (0.6, 6.0 and 60.0 μg.L-1) for 28 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences (p<0.05) between the specific growth rates (r) of the test groups and those of both control groups. Histopathological examination revealed pathological changes in fish exposed to a simazine concentration of 60.0 μg.L-1. The values of NOEC and LOEC of simazine were 6.0 μg.L-1 and 60.0 μg.L-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The environmental concentration of simazine in Czech rivers did not have any effects on the growth and development of histopathological changes in D. rerio.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic. lplhalova@vfu.cz
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Plhalova
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Haluzova
authors.forename: Stanislava
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Macova
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dolezelova
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Praskova
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marsalek
authors.forename: Misa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skoric
authors.forename: Zdenka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Svobodova
authors.forename: Vladimira
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pistekova
authors.forename: Iveta
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bedanova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012839:Simazine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054928:Validation Studies as Topic; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D012839:Simazine