title: Direct B0 field monitoring and real-time B0 field updating in the human breast at 7 Tesla.
abstract: Large dynamic fluctuations of the static magnetic field (B(0)) are observed in the human body during MR scanning, compromising image quality and detection sensitivity in several MR imaging and spectroscopy sequences. Partially, these dynamic B(0) fluctuations are due to physiological motion such as breathing, but other sources of temporal B(0) field fluctuations are also present in the MR system (e.g., eddy currents). Especially at ultrahigh field (≥7 T), the increased susceptibility effects lead to large B(0) field variations over time. Direct measurement and correction of these temporal field variations of up to 70 Hz will lead to a significant reduction of artifacts and improved measurement stability/reproducibility. For direct measurement of the temporally changing B(0) field, a simple field probe was developed, that was placed in proximity to the tissue of interest. In this work, it is shown how such a field probe system can be used to monitor temporal B(0) field variations in the human body during MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, it is shown how the acquired temporal B(0) field information can drive a dynamic shim module to directly correct the B(0) magnetic field in real time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. v.o.boer@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: Vincent O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Boer
authors.forename: Bart L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: van de Bank
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Vliet
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Luijten
authors.forename: Dennis W J
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Klomp
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003199:Computer Systems; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008327:Mammography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio