title: Partial stapled hemorrhoidopexy: a minimally invasive technique for hemorrhoids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to assess the safety, efficacy, and postoperative outcomes of partial stapled hemorrhoidopexy (PSH).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was conducted between February and March 2010. PSH was performed with single-window anoscopes for single isolated hemorrhoids, bi-window anoscopes for two isolated hemorrhoids, and tri-window anoscopes for three isolated hemorrhoids or circumferential hemorrhoids. The data pertaining to demographics, preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes were collected and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four eligible patients underwent PSH. Single-window anoscopes were used in 2 patients, and bi- and tri-window anoscopes in 6 and 36 patients. The blood loss in patients with single-window, bi-window, and tri-window anoscopes was 6.0 ml (range 5.0-7.0 ml), 5.0 ml (range 5.0-6.5 ml), and 5.0 ml (4.5-14.5 ml) (P = 0.332). The mean postoperative visual analog scale score for pain was 3 (range, 1-4), 2 (range 1-4), 3 (range 2-6), 1 (range 0-3), 1 (range 0-2) and 2 (range 2-4) at 12 h, days 1, 2, 3, and 7, and at first defecation. The rate of urgency was 9.1%. No patients developed anal incontinence or stenosis. The 1-year recurrence rate of prolapsing hemorrhoids was 2.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Partial stapled hemorrhoidopexy appears to be a safe and effective technique for grade III-IV hemorrhoids. Encouragingly, PSH is associated with mild postoperative pain, few urgency episodes, and no stenosis or anal incontinence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (Gastrointestinal and Anal Hospital), Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Qiu-Lan
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Dong-Lin
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Shang-Kui
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Xiao-Xue
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D020700:Proctoscopes; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017792:Surgical Stapling; D016896:Treatment Outcome