title: Development of a liposome microbicide formulation for vaginal delivery of octylglycerol for HIV prevention.
abstract: The feasibility of using a liposome drug delivery system to formulate octylglycerol (OG) as a vaginal microbicide product was explored. A liposome formulation was developed containing 1% OG and phosphatidyl choline in a ratio that demonstrated in vitro activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, HSV-1, HSV-2 and HIV-1 while sparing the innate vaginal flora, Lactobacillus. Two conventional gel formulations were prepared for comparison. The OG liposome formulation with the appropriate OG/lipid ratio and dosing level had greater efficacy than either conventional gel formulation and maintained this efficacy for at least 2 months. No toxicity was observed for the liposome formulation in ex vivo testing in a human ectocervical tissue model or in vivo testing in the macaque safety model. Furthermore, minimal toxicity was observed to lactobacilli in vitro or in vivo safety testing. The OG liposome formulation offers a promising microbicide product with efficacy against HSV, HIV and N. gonorrhoeae.
authors.affiliation: Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Alexandra Beumer
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sassi
authors.forename: Dorothy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Moncla
authors.forename: Phalguni
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Lisa Cencia
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rohan
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000188:drug therapy; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D008251:Macaca; D008875:Middle Aged; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000187:drug effects; D014621:Vagina; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D005782:Gels; D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D005990:Glycerol