title: Neuromuscular activity of Bothrops alcatraz snake venom in chick biventer cervicis preparations.
abstract: Venom (10-100 μg/ml) from Bothrops alcatraz, a pitviper from the Alcatrazes Archipelago off the coast of southeastern Brazil, caused progressive, irreversible neuromuscular blockade in chick isolated biventer cervicis preparations. The venom also inhibited contractures to exogenous ACh (110 μM) and KCl (20 mM), caused myofiber damage and increased creatine kinase release. Commercial bothropic antivenom raised against mainland Bothrops species neutralized the neuromuscular activity, depending on the venom concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6111, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Delkia Seabra
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.forename: Valdemir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Aparecido de Abreu
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rostelato-Ferreira
authors.forename: Gildo B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alice da Cruz-Höfling
authors.forename: Silvia R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Travaglia-Cardoso
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hyslop
authors.forename: Léa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodrigues-Simioni
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D000997:Antivenins / Q000494:pharmacology; D017837:Bothrops; D001938:Brazil; D002645:Chickens; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D009210:Myofibrils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D019148:Neuromuscular Blockade; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism; D010791:Phrenic Nerve; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000378:metabolism; D012910:Snake Venoms / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000997:Antivenins; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D012910:Snake Venoms; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D010741:Phospholipases A; D000109:Acetylcholine