title: Cancer of the orbit and adnexa.
abstract: The diagnosis and treatment of orbital and periorbital malignancies are challenging. These tumors can result in blindness, death, and significant cosmetic deformities. Herein, we present the most common ocular malignancies and a systematic approach to diagnosis. Further, we integrate the seventh edition American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system, biomarkers, and multidisciplinary approaches to treatment.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ocular Tumor and Orbital Disease, The New York Eye Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schwarcz
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Coupland
authors.forename: Paul T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Finger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor