title: Renal involvement in psychological eating disorders.
abstract: Psychological eating disorders--anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder--are an increasing public health problem with severe clinical manifestations: hypothermia, hypotension, electrolyte imbalance, endocrine disorders and kidney failure; they are of interest to nephrologists, but pathophysiological mechanisms in determining the renal involvement are still unclear. We describe pathophysiology, histological features and clinical manifestations of the most frequent psychological eating disorders: AN and BN. Regarding AN, we analyze the recent literature, and identify 3 principal pathways towards renal involvement: chronic dehydration-hypokalemia, nephrocalcinosis and chronic rhabdomyolysis. Regarding BN, we describe the correlation between obesity and many proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and adipokines, having potential metabolic and hemodynamic effects on the kidney and an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity-related renal injury, independently of hypertension and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Dialysis, A.R.N.A.S. Civic and Di Cristina Hospital, Palermo, Italy. gioacchinolicavoli@libero.it
authors.forename: Gioacchino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li Cavoli
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mulè
authors.forename: Ugo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rotolo
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002032:Bulimia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D003681:Dehydration / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007249:Inflammation; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009397:Nephrocalcinosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D016207:Cytokines; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins