title: Treatment of childhood anxiety disorders: what is the place for antidepressants?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anxiety disorders represent one of the most prevalent forms of psychopathology among children and adolescents. As these problems tend to persist and have a negative impact on young people's development, there is a need for evidence-based interventions. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is at present the treatment of first choice, but pharmacotherapy and in particular antidepressant medication may be a viable alternative or adjunct to CBT.
  
  
  METHODS
  This paper provides a detailed overview of controlled treatment outcome studies on the efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders. Further, a discussion is provided on how clinically anxious youths should be preferably treated, with special focus on the position of pharmacotherapy in the treatment process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The short-term efficacy of antidepressants in anxious youths is good, and this is particularly true for SSRIs. Therefore, this type of medication should be viewed as a viable treatment option, in particular for youths with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or other severe and pervasive anxiety disorders. More research is needed on the long-term effects, the consequences of prolonged use of this type of medication for children's developing brains and the efficacy of an intervention in which CBT and SSRIs are combined.
authors.affiliation: Erasmus University, Institute of Psychology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. peter.muris@maastrichtuniversity.nl
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muris
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005190:Family; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents