title: Potential tumor suppressor NESG1 as an unfavorable prognosis factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently we identified nasopharyngeal epithelium specific protein 1 (NESG1) as a potential tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The purpose of this study is to investigate the involvement of NESG1 in tumor progression and prognosis of human NPC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NESG1 protein expression in NPC was examined. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. The effect of NESG1 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NESG1 expression was downregulated in atypical hyperplasia and NPC samples compared to normal and squamous nasopharynx tissues. Reduced protein expression was negatively associated with the status of NPC progression. Patients with lower NESG1 expression had a shorter overall survival and disease-free time than did patients with higher NESG1 expression. Multivariate analysis suggested NESG1 expression as an independent prognostic indicator for NPC patient survival. Proliferation, migration, and invasion ability were significantly increased in cell lines following lentiviral-mediated shRNA suppression of NESG1 expression. Microarray analysis indicated that NESG1 participated in multiple pathways, including MAPK signaling and cell cycle regulation. Finally, DNA methylation microarray examination revealed a lack of hypermethylation at the NESG1 promoter, suggesting other mechanisms are involved in suppressing NESG1 expression in NPC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our studies are the first to demonstrate that decreased NESG1 expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor for NPC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Basic School of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Weiren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Huiling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yanfen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qinping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yajie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kaitai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Weiyi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D056750:Cyclin A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: C503745:CCNA1 protein, human; C121996:CFAP45 protein, human; D056750:Cyclin A1; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D011506:Proteins