title: Filariasis presenting as multiple subcutaneous nodules: a rare case report.
abstract: Filariasis presenting as multiple subcutaneous nodules is very rare and only a very few cases are reported in the literature. Microfilaria bancrofti is known to occur in different sites like breast, thyroid, lymph nodes, liver, lungs and body fluids, however, in contrast to the other filarial species, its occurrence in soft tissues is rarely reported. Conventional method of diagnosis of filariasis is by demonstration of microfilaria in peripheral blood smear which may be diurnal or nocturnal. The various species are differentiated by the morphological features like presence or absence of sheath, granules and nuclear arrangement in the tail end. We hereby report an unusual case of Wuchereria bancrofti infestation diagnosed on biopsy of subcutaneous nodule in a patient whose initial clinical presentation was of urticarial rashes over the upper extremities.  In differential diagnosis of various subcutaneous nodular masses the possibility of filarial granuloma must be kept and a careful search should be done for adult worm or microfilaria in the serial tissue sections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Maharishi Markendeshwer Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Haryana, India, Pin-133207.
authors.forename: Prem
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Nasib
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chand
authors.forename: Rikki
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singal
authors.forename: Mayank
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madan
authors.forename: Jyoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005076:Exanthema / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005368:Filariasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008842:Microfilariae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012876:Skin Diseases, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000503:physiopathology; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000473:pathology; D014581:Urticaria / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014958:Wuchereria bancrofti / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity