title: Transmyocardial drilling revascularization combined with heparinized bFGF-incorporating stent activates resident cardiac stem cells via SDF-1/CXCR4 axis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether transmyocardial drilling revascularization combined with heparinized basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-incorporating degradable stent implantation (TMDRSI) can promote myocardial regeneration after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A model of AMI was generated by ligating the mid-third of left anterior descending artery (LAD) of miniswine. After 6 h, the animals were divided into none-treatment (control) group (n=6) and TMDRSI group (n=6). For TMDRSI group, two channels with 3.5 mm in diameter were established by a self-made drill in the AMI region, into which a stent was implanted. Expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1(α) (SDF-1(α)) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), cardiac stem cell (CSC)-mediated myocardial regeneration, myocardial apoptosis, myocardial viability, and cardiac function were assessed at various time-points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six weeks after the operation, CSCs were found to have differentiated into cardiomyocytes to repair the infarcted myocardium, and all above indices showed much improvement in the TMDRSI group compared with the control group (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new method has shown to be capable of promoting CSCs proliferation and differentiation into cardiomyocytes through activating the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis, while inhibiting myocardial apoptosis, thereby enhancing myocardial regeneration following AMI and improving cardiac function. This may provide a new strategy for myocardial regeneration following AMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery and Neurology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Wei
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ti
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Tian-Xiang
authors.initials: TX
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li-Ling
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tian-Jun
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lü
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D057769:Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D006493:Heparin