title: Evaluation of the anaesthetic properties and tolerance of 1:100,000  articaine versus 1:100,000 lidocaine. A comparative  study in surgery of the lower third molar.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the anaesthetic properties and tolerance of articaine versus lidocaine at equal vasoconstrictor concentration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 96 male and female patients who underwent surgical treatment of the lower third molar participated. Patients were randomly assigned to articaine hydrochloride with epinephrine 1:100,000 and lidocaine hydrochloride with epinephrine 1:100,000. The variables analysed were latency period, duration of anaesthetic effect, tolerance and adverse reactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the latency period and the duration of anaesthetic effect were greater for articaine, although the differences were not statistically significant. Latency: mean difference of 2.70 ± 2.12 minutes (95%CI of -1.51 minutes - 6.92 minutes).
  
  
  METHODS
  mean difference of -33 minutes 5 seconds ± 31 minutes (95% CI -1 hour 35 minutes - 29 minutes). There were 4 adverse events that did not require the patients to be withdrawn from the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anaesthetics in this study have very similar properties for use in surgery and have demonstrated a good safety and tolerability profile.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Bucofacial, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martínez-Rodríguez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barona-Dorado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martín-Arés
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cortés-Bretón-Brinkman
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martínez-González
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002355:Carticaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D002355:Carticaine