title: [A study of diagnostic criteria for traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in osteoporosis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish diagnostic criteria for common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes in osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on the collection and analysis of related medical literature, clinical investigation, and expert discussion, a draft of preliminary diagnostic criteria for the basic syndromes of TCM in patients with osteoporosis was formulated. Then it was used in clinic for verification and revised repeatedly until a formal version of diagnostic criteria was satisfactorily achieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The basic syndromes listed in the diagnostic criteria for patients with osteoporosis consisted of two parts: qualitative diagnosis and localization diagnosis. Results of qualitative diagnosis showed that the qualitative syndromes included damage of essence, deficiency of vital energy, deficiency of yin, deficiency of yang and blood stasis. The localization diagnosis showed that location of osteoporosis is bone and corresponds to the kidney, and also involves liver, lung, spleen (stomach) and heart. The diagnostic content has established the specific symptoms and the non-specific symptoms during various stages. Each of the above syndromes could be diagnosed according to a specific combination of its corresponding symptoms or signs. The clinical verification results showed that the total matching ratio of qualitative diagnosis was 80.56% between the diagnoses made according to the criteria and the diagnoses acquired from the experts' experience, and the total matching ratio of localization diagnosis was 85.56%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TCM syndrome diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis is generally consistent with TCM clinical practice, worthy of further popularization and application in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao First Sanatorium, Jinan Military Region, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. lidongtao12345@126.com.
authors.forename: Dong-tao
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fu-yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ji-hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Yong-mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Ai-hua
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hong-yang
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Feng-lei
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Mei-zeng
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ling-bo
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Rong-qin
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012015:Reference Standards