title: Adherence to mineral and bone disorder clinical practice guidelines in chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mineral and bone disorders (MBD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are cardiovascular risk factors. Clinical practice guidelines were developed to prevent MBD and to decrease cardiovascular events in CKD patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine adherence to mineral and bone disorder clinical practice guidelines (MBD-CPG) in chronic kidney disease patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, observational study was performed on 206 patients with CKD stage 3, 4, and 5 that were followed-up at pre-dialysis and dialysis clinic, Nephrology Unit, Srinagarind Hospital between July and September 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean percentages of adherence in each patient were 89.5% for calcium monitoring, 88.6% for phosphate monitoring and 17.1% for PTH monitoring. The mean percentage of adherence to using of phosphate binder in each patient was 84.6%. The mean percentage of adherence to using of vitamin D3 was 72.2% in patients who had all three clinical parameters monitoring. The K/DOQI 2003 target recommendation achievements at the end of study were 73.7% for serum calcium, 76.1% for serum phosphate, 94.6% for calculated CaxP product, and 23.7% for serum PTH. The mean percentage of K/DOQI 2003 target recommendation achievement, in each patient during 12 months of postindex period, were: 79.3% for serum calcium, 78.1% for serum phosphate, 95.8% for serum CaxP product and 26.3% for serum PTH. The 100% achievement of target recommendations for serum calcium, serum phosphate and serum CaxP product were statistically, significant different, when compared between the group of 100% and 75.0-99.9% adherence to using phosphate binder, with the odd ratio 5.43 (95% CI 2.43-12.11) for serum calcium achievement, 11.33 (95% CI 4.63-27.72) for serum phosphate achievement and 11.75 (95% CI 2.92-47.24) for CaxP product achievement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of vitamin D3, monitoring of serum PTH and achieving of PTH target level, are still far from recommendations. Therapeutic end point for cardiovascular and bone diseases should be investigated in long-term studies.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. wpanawong@hotmail.co.th
authors.forename: Warisara
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Panawong
authors.forename: Aporanee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaiyakum
authors.forename: Cholatip
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pongskul
mesh_terms: D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000592:standards*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D002118:Calcium