title: Revision of a superficially migrated percutaneous occipital nerve stimulator electrode using a minimally invasive technique.
abstract: Objective. Percutaneous techniques for occipital nerve stimulation have been in the literature since 1999. Lead migration continues to be the most common complication to the technique. The authors would like to introduce a new technique for revision of a superficially migrated occipital nerve stimulator electrode. Materials and Methods. Technical report of initial case where revision was performed. Results. The patient had successful revision of his superficially migrated occipital nerve stimulator using a new percutaneous approach. He had no signs of infection and full return of prior function of the stimulator at two weeks and three-month follow-up visits. Conclusion. This case demonstrates a new safer technique for revision of a superficially migrated occipital nerve stimulator lead. The technique is a more direct and simple solution to a common problem in the percutaneous placement of occipital nerve stimulators.
authors.affiliation: Jefferson Pain Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, PA, USA; and             Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Anesthesiology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fisicaro
authors.forename: Linqiu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou