title: Candidacidal activities of the glucose oxidase-mediated lactoperoxidase system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the candidacidal activity of the glucose oxidase-mediated lactoperoxidase system at various levels of glucose and glucose oxidase.
  
  
  METHODS
  Candida albicans ATCC strains 18804, 10231, 11006, bovine lactoperoxidase (25 and 50 μg/mL), and KSCN (1 mM) were used. Different levels of glucose oxidase (1, 5, 10, and 20 units/mL) and glucose (0.03, 0.3, and 3.0 mg/mL) were added to complete the system. The candidacidal activity of the system was examined by preincubating its components for 0-60 min, and then with C. albicans. Candidacidal activity was determined by comparing the numbers of CFU and calculating the percent loss of cell viability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The system displayed 13.9-27.4% (without preincubation) to 28.6-34.3% (preincubation for 60 min) loss of viability at 25 μg/mL of bovine lactoperoxidase, 10 units/mL of glucose oxidase, and 0.03 mg/mL of glucose; similar results were obtained with 20 units/mL of glucose oxidase or 0.06 mg/mL of glucose. The candidacidal activity of the system increased markedly as the glucose concentration increased. The candidacidal activity displayed 87.2% (without preincubation) to 100.0% (preincubation for 60 min) at 3.0 mg/mL of glucose. At 3.0 mg/mL of glucose, the system containing 1 or 5 units of glucose oxidase also showed significant levels of candidacidal activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The candidacidal activity of the glucose oxidase-mediated lactoperoxidase system at physiological concentrations of salivary glucose was moderate, but was greatly elevated with increases of glucose level.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Yunkeun-Dong 28, Chongro-Ku, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea. hkho@snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Hong-Seop
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kho
authors.forename: Yoon-Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Moon-Jong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000494:pharmacology; D007784:Lactoperoxidase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D007784:Lactoperoxidase