title: A piezoelectric plethysmograph sensor based on a Pt wire implanted lead lanthanum zirconate titanate bulk ceramic.
abstract: This work reports on the development of a Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate (PLZT) bulk ferroelectric poled ceramic structure as a Piezoelectric Plethysmograph (PZPG) sensor. The ceramic was implanted during its fabrication with a platinum (Pt) wire which works as an internal electrode. The ceramic was then submitted to an experimental setup in order to validate and determine the Pt-wire mechanical effects. This PZPG sensor was also mounted on a finger splint in order to measure the blood flow that results from the pulsations of blood occurring with each heartbeat. Fingertip pulses were recorded jointly with an ECG signal from a 25 year old male to compare the time shift; the PZPG sensor guarantees the electrical isolation of the patient. The proposed PZPG has several advantages: it can be adjusted for fingertip measurements, but it can easily be extended by means of spare bands, therefore making possible PZPG measurements from different body locations, e.g., forehead, forearm, knee, neck, etc.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Electrical Engineering Department, Bioelectronics Section. Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, C.P. 07360, México D.F., Mexico. cgonle@cinvestav.mx
authors.forename: Carlos O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: González-Morán
authors.forename: J J Agustín
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Flores-Cuautle
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suaste-Gómez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D010984:Platinum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010991:Plethysmography / Q000379:methods*; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C065536:lead titanate zirconate; D007854:Lead; D010984:Platinum; D007811:Lanthanum; D015040:Zirconium; D014025:Titanium