title: Expressions of machismo in colorectal cancer screening among New Mexico Hispanic subpopulations.
abstract: Although national colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence rates have steadily decreased, the rate for New Mexico Hispanics has been increasing, and screening rates are low. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study to determine barriers to CRC screening for New Mexico Hispanics. We found that machismo served as a dynamic influence on men's health-seeking behaviors; however, it was conceptualized differently by two distinct Hispanic subpopulations, and therefore appeared to play a different role in shaping their screening attitudes and behaviors. Machismo emerged as more of an influence for Mexican men, who expressed concern over colonoscopies being potentially transformative and/or stigmatizing, but was not as salient for Hispanos, who viewed the colonoscopy as "strictly medical," and were more concerned with discomfort and pain. Findings from the study highlight the importance of identifying varying characteristics among subpopulations to better understand screening barriers and provide optimal CRC screening counseling in primary care settings.
authors.affiliation: University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-0001, USA. chgetrich@salud.unm.edu
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Getrich
authors.forename: Andrew L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sussman
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Helitzer
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Teddy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Angélica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Solares
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Rhyne
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D003469:Culture; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D057228:Masculinity; D054526:Men's Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D009516:New Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012424:Rural Population; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors