title: p53 negatively regulates the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells in mice with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in mice with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to evaluate the effects of p53 on the osteogenic differentiation of the VSMCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental models of CKD-associated vascular calcification generated by five-sixth (5/6) nephrectomy (Nx) and a high-phosphate (HP) diet were used in p53+/+ and p53-/- mice. Following 5/6 Nx, aortic calcification, markers of osteogenic differentiation, VSMCs and p53 protein in aortic tissues were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aortic calcification was observed after eight weeks following 5/6 Nx in mice of both genotypes, and expression of the markers of osteogenic differentiation in the VSMCs was increased. These changes were continuously observed up to 12 weeks after 57/6 Nx, and particularly after 5/6 Nx + HP. Compared with p53+/+ mice, aortic calcification in p53-/- mice was more severe (p < 0.001). Expression of the markers of osteogenic differentiation was noticeably increased (p < 0.001), while expression of the marker of VSMCs had decreased (p < 0.001). Statistical analysis demonstrated that the markers of osteogenic differentiation were negatively correlated with p53, and the marker of VSMCs was positively correlated with p53 (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  p53 has the potential to negatively regulate the osteogenic differentiation of VSMCs in CKD mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Y N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005838:Genotype; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009392:Nephrectomy; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010641:Phenotype; D010710:Phosphates; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010710:Phosphates; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53