title: [Second wave of the French drug harmonisation programme to prevent medication errors: overall appreciation of healthcare professionals].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Medication errors are a significant cause of severe healthcare-associated complications. In December 2006, the French Health Products Agency (Afssaps) has issued a protocol to harmonise labeling of injectable drugs vials. In 2007, a first change was launched for four drugs and was followed in 2008-2009 by a second wave concerning 42 active drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study describes how healthcare professionals have perceived this change and their overall appreciation of the drug harmonisation programme. A survey using an electronic questionnaire was distributed to medical and non-medical professionals in anaesthesia and intensive care and pharmacists in a representative sample of 200 French hospitals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The harmonisation procedure was felt as being overall satisfactory by 53% of professionals who had responded but it was recognised that the new procedure is associated with improved readability and understanding of drug dosage. The use of colour coding was also well accepted by the personnel of clinical units. Respondents expressed significant criticisms regarding both the communication plan and the way the plan was implemented locally in hospitals. Old and new labeling coexisted in 66% of responding hospitals and many respondents described being aware of errors or near-misses that were considered related to the transition. For many important topics, pharmacists had views that were significantly different from clinicians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This national survey describing the perception of healthcare professionals regarding the new harmonisation procedure for injectable drugs highlighted some progress but also a number of deficiencies, notably regarding communication and implementation of the change in clinical units. This survey will be used by the French Health Products Agency to improve future steps of the long-lasting campaign against medication errors.
authors.affiliation: Département d'anesthésie-réanimation, hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France. dan.benhamou@bct.aphp.fr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Benhamou
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nacry
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Journois
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Auroy
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnoux
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Olier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castot
mesh_terms: D000776:Anesthesiology; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003142:Communication; D003422:Critical Care; D004348:Drug Labeling; D004349:Drug Packaging; D005602:France; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010595:Pharmacists; D010820:Physicians; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires