title: Cardiovascular risk assessment of South Asians in a religious setting: a feasibility study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  South Asians in the UK have high cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Therefore, this population is likely to benefit from screening programmes. To address this issue, an initiative was set up between the Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, H.E.A.R.T. UK and two Hindu temples in North London to provide screening for CVD risk factors in the community.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 434 individuals of Gujarati Indian origin were screened. Measurements included anthropometry, blood pressure and lipid profiles. Three different scoring systems: Framingham, Joint British Societies' 2 and QRISK2 were used to estimate CVD risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At least one modifiable CVD risk factor was present in 92% of the individuals screened; 52% were hypertensive, 40% were obese, 75% had central adiposity and 10% had total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio > 6. In addition, 37% of a subset of 104 individuals with a fasting sample fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome. Overall, 15% of participants screened had a 10-year CV risk score > 20% using QRISK2. The three risk score calculators showed moderate agreement: QRISK2 and JBS2 (kappa 0.61, 95% CI 0.54-0.67), QRISK2 and Framingham (kappa 0.63, 95% CI 0.57-0.70) and JBS2 and Framingham (kappa 0.70, 95% CI 0.64-0.75).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high prevalence of modifiable risk factors for CVD was detected in the population screened.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London, NW3 UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Eastwood
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leurent
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Persaud
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Mikhailidis
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D018596:Hinduism; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol