title: Prenatal epoxiconazole exposure effects on rat postnatal development.
abstract: Although some studies have pointed out to embryo/fetal toxicity, knowledge about the potential toxicity of the fungicide epoxiconazole is still limited. Once the results of these previous studies have raised some concern, this study studied the effects of epoxiconazole maternal exposure on the physical endpoints in the development of rat pups. To accomplish that, the effects of epoxiconazole (50.0, 100.0, and 150.0  mg/kg) were examined when rats were exposed at two different developmental stages: during the first 6 days of pregnancy or in the organogenesis period (6-15 days). After parturition, pups were tested for growth and maturational milestones. Maternal exposure to the fungicide, independently of phase, resulted in significantly early mean time to vaginal opening and delayed time to testes descent in pups. Weight gain rate in pups and their mothers was not affected for the tested exposure period. The findings of this study emphasize that epoxiconazole maternal exposure may lead to alterations in developmental patterns in nursing pups, consistent with the known influence of epoxiconazole on steroid hormone synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Environment, Ecotoxicology and Biosafety Laboratory, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil. castro@cnpma.embrapa.br
authors.forename: Vera L S S
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.forename: Aline H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Maia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity*; D007774:Lactation; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D014230:Triazoles; C109476:epoxiconazole