title: Regulation of gene expression and biochemical changes in small intestine of newborn diabetic rats by exogenous ghrelin.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate (i) the cholecystokinin, somatostatin and apelin mRNA levels, (ii) the changes in levels and localization of these peptides, (iii) relation between these peptides, (iv) antiapoptotic effects and (v) antioxidant effects of ghrelin. The rats were divided into four groups second day after birth. These groups were respectively treated with physiological saline, ghrelin (100μg/kg/day), streptozotocin (100mg/kg), ghrelin and streptozotocin. After four weeks, small intestine and blood samples were taken from rats. Cholecystokinin mRNA and peptide, somatostatin mRNA, release to duodenal lumen of apelin peptide and apelin mRNA signals decreased in ghrelin-treated diabetic rats compared to the diabetic group. There was no statistically significant difference among the four groups for somatostatin and apelin peptides. Caspase-3 signals were not observed only in diabetic group treated with ghrelin. Caspase-8 signals were increased while PCNA signals were decreased in diabetic group given ghrelin compared to diabetic group. Small intestine CAT, SOD, GP(x) and GST activities and GSH levels were decreased and LPO, PC levels were increased in diabetic rats. Administration of ghrelin to diabetic rats caused an increase in intestinal CAT, SOD, GP(x) and GST activities and GSH levels, while PC levels decreased. As a result, we observed positive changes in diabetic rats treated with ghrelin in both microscopic and biochemical studies. We can suggest that ghrelin may be an important hormone for the treatment of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 34134 Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karatug
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sacan
authors.forename: Zeynep Mine
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Coskun
authors.forename: Sehnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolkent
authors.forename: Refiye
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yanardag
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolkent
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D000073861:Apelin; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000235:genetics; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000633:toxicity; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D000073861:Apelin; C498579:Apln protein, rat; D054439:Ghrelin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D013004:Somatostatin; D013311:Streptozocin; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D005978:Glutathione