title: Effects of poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemia on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine and its 10,11-epoxide metabolite in rats: Impact of decreased expression of both CYP3A1/2 and microsomal epoxide hydrolase.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine (CBZ) and its active 10,11-epoxide metabolite (CBZ-E) were evaluated after intravenous and oral administration of 5 mg/kg CBZ to rats with hyperlipidemia induced by poloxamer 407 (HL rats) and controls. The total area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of CBZ in HL rats after intravenous administration was significantly greater than that in controls due to their slower non-renal clearance (CL(NR)). This was due to slower hepatic CL(int) for metabolism of CBZ to CBZ-E in HL rats via CYP3A1/2. This result was consistent with a previous study indicating reduced hepatic CYP3A1/2 expression in HL rats. Interestingly, the AUC of CBZ-E was also increased in HL rats, while AUC(CBZ-E)/AUC(CBZ) ratios remained unchanged. These results suggested that further metabolism of CBZ-E to the inactive metabolite trans-10,11-dihydoxyl-10,11-dihydro-CBZ (CBZ-D) via microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) was also slowed in HL rats. The significantly reduced hepatic mRNA level and expression of mEH protein in HL rats compared to controls confirmed the above hypothesis. Similar pharmacokinetic changes were observed in HL rats after oral administration of CBZ. These findings have potential therapeutic implications assuming that the HL rat model qualitatively reflects similar changes in patients with hyperlipidemia. Caution is required regarding pharmacotherapy in the hyperlipidemic state in cases where drugs that are metabolized principally by CYP3A1/2 or mEH and have a narrow therapeutic range are in use.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Geon
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Inchul
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Myung Gull
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hee Eun
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000378:metabolism*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000139:chemically induced; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C418732:10,11-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydroacenaphtho(1,2-b)benzo(d)thiophene; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D013876:Thiophenes; D020442:Poloxamer; D002220:Carbamazepine; C465138:Cyp3a23-3a1 protein, rat; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases; C568454:marneral synthase, Arabidopsis