title: Two phenylalanine ammonia lyase isoforms are involved in the elicitor-induced response of rice to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae.
abstract: Suspension cultured cells of a blast-resistant rice genotype (Oryza sativa L. cv. Gigante Vercelli) were treated with cell wall hydrolysates prepared from the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. As a consequence, a complex pattern of phenylalanine ammonia lyase time course specific activity levels was evident. Ion-exchange chromatographic fractionation of crude extracts suggested that the early (6 h) and the late (48-72 h after elicitation) increase of activity relied upon the sequential induction of two different isoenzymes. The relative expression levels of 11 genes putatively coding for a phenylalanine ammonia lyase were measured by semi-quantitative capillary gel electrophoresis of RT-PCR products. Two genes were indeed found to be induced by treatments with the hydrolysate, and data were validated by real-time PCR. Conversely, only the early-responsive enzyme form was observed following elicitation in a blast-sensitive rice genotype (cv. Vialone nano). Therefore, the late-responsive isoform may represent a candidate gene to select for decreased sensitivity to blast.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, via Luigi Borsari 46, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Samuele
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giberti
authors.forename: Cinzia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bertea
authors.forename: Ravishankar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Narayana
authors.forename: Massimo E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Maffei
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forlani
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D060467:Disease Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007527:Isoenzymes; D020082:Magnaporthe / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase