title: Neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy using S-1 followed by surgical resection in patients with pancreatic cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare short-term surgical results in pancreatic cancer patients who underwent surgical resection after neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NACRT) using S-1.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population comprised 77 patients with pancreatic cancer between 2006 and 2010. Out of 34 patients who underwent staging laparoscopy between 2008 and 2010, 31 patients without occult distant organ metastasis underwent chemoradiation and of whom 30 underwent pancreatectomy (NACRT group). Of the other 43 patients, 36 underwent surgical resection in 2006-2008, followed by adjuvant therapy (adjuvant group). The primary endpoint was frequency of pathological curative resection (R0).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The new regimen of NACRT was feasible and safe. Twenty-eight of 30 (93%) patients in the NACRT group had R0 resection, which was significantly higher than in the adjuvant group (21 of 36 patients, 58%, p = 0.005). The number and extent of metastatic lymph nodes in the NACRT group (1 (0-25), N0/1; 18 of 38) was significantly lower than in the adjuvant group (2 (0-19), N0/1; 23 of 30), p = 0.0363). The frequency of intractable ascites in the NACRT group (eight of 30) was significantly higher than in the adjuvant group (two of 36, p = 0.035).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neo-adjuvant chemoradiation therapy using S-1 followed by pancreatectomy can improve the rate of pathologically curative resection and reduces the number and extent of lymph node metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-3-1, Shin-machi, Hirakata City, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan. satoi@hirakata.kmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Sohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satoi
authors.forename: Hideyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyokawa
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanagimoto
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohe
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakaida
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitade
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanigawa
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: A-Hon
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D005641:Tegafur / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D003841:Deoxycytidine; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D000093542:Gemcitabine