title: Fluorescent chemosensors for toxic organophosphorus pesticides: a review.
abstract: Many organophosphorus (OP) based compounds are highly toxic and powerful inhibitors of cholinesterases that generate serious environmental and human health concerns. Organothiophosphates with a thiophosphoryl (P=S) functional group constitute a broad class of these widely used pesticides. They are related to the more reactive phosphoryl (P=O) organophosphates, which include very lethal nerve agents and chemical warfare agents, such as, VX, Soman and Sarin. Unfortunately, widespread and frequent commercial use of OP-based compounds in agricultural lands has resulted in their presence as residues in crops, livestock, and poultry products and also led to their migration into aquifers. Thus, the design of new sensors with improved analyte selectivity and sensitivity is of paramount importance in this area. Herein, we review recent advances in the development of fluorescent chemosensors for toxic OP pesticides and related compounds. We also discuss challenges and progress towards the design of future chemosensors with dual modes for signal transduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA. sherine.obare@wmich.edu
authors.forename: Sherine O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Obare
authors.forename: Chandrima
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Tajay L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Haywood
authors.forename: Tova A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Samuels
authors.forename: Clara P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Noah O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Masika
authors.forename: Desmond H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Ginger A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fletcher
mesh_terms: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010575:Pesticides