title: The effect of intracellular amino acids on GSH production by high-cell-density cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: The present paper studies the effects of precursor amino acids, i.e., L-glutamic acid (Glu), L-glycine (Gly), and L-cysteine (Cys), on the glutathione (GSH) production. The three amino acids were added during the fermentations. The GSH production was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was observed that the cell content of Cys reduced continually, Gly maintained a fairly constant concentration, while Glu remained at a high concentration compared with Cys and Gly. The synthesis of GSH was found to significantly increase after 28 h of fermentation upon addition of 6 mmol l(-1) of each of the three amino acids. Under these conditions, the GSH yields reached 2,250±50 mg l(-1) at 34 h from 1,050±50 mg l(-1) at 28 h. The GC-MS analyses on the effect caused by the addition of amino acids indicated that the addition of Glu was not necessary to improve the GSH production by high-cell-density cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The addition of Cys or Gly individually enhances the production of GSH.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jingfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Feiyan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tianwei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005998:Glycine / Q000494:pharmacology; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D055432:Metabolomics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine; D005998:Glycine