title: In vitro shearing force testing of two seventh generation self-etching primers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro shearing force performance of orthodontic attachments using two self-etching primers (SEPs): iBOND and G-Bond.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro, laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty human molars were randomly divided into four groups and again into three sub-groups with 15 teeth each. Teeth were bonded with a stainless steel button (GAC International,Bohemia, NY, USA) using Transbond XT adhesive composite. The bonding agents were iBOND, G-Bond, Transbond Plus SEP and Transbond XT primer. Shearing force tests were carried out immediately, and at 24 hours and 3 months using a universal testing machine. Force to debond (N) and Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores were evaluated and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transbond XT primer required a higher immediate (P<0·05)force to debond when compared to the Transbond Plus SEP, iBOND and G-Bond.After 24 hours, mean force to debond for Transbond XT primer and Transbond Plus SEP showed significant increases. At 3 months, all four bonding agents demonstrated force levels to debond that were not significantly different from one another. Furthermore, comparison of ARI scores indicated a significant difference between the groups at all time points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  iBOND and G-Bond may well sufficiently with stand the alignment and occlusal forces imparted by light archwires during immediate archwire tie-in and over the initial levelling and alignment phase.
authors.affiliation: Sercan Akyalcin, University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston,Houston, TX, USA. sercan.akyalcin@uth.tmc.edu.
authors.forename: Andy C S
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Sercan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akyalcin
authors.forename: Tammy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bonstein
authors.forename: Williama A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Wiltshire
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D008963:Molar; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; C498353:G-Bond; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; C429625:Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer; C516047:Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive Primer; C477386:iBond