title: Onset of labor epidural analgesia with ropivacaine and a varying dose of fentanyl: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was conducted to investigate the onset of labor epidural analgesia using 0.17% ropivacaine with a varying dose of fentanyl. We hypothesized that the onset of analgesia would be shortened in proportion to an increase in fentanyl dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women requesting labor epidural analgesia were enrolled in this randomized controlled clinical trial. Each woman was randomly assigned to receive fentanyl 0, 50, 75, or 100 μg with 0.17% ropivacaine 12 mL. The onset and duration of analgesia, the incidence of side effects and patient satisfaction were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 102 women were analyzed. The onset of analgesia (mean ± SD) was shortened with an increasing dose of fentanyl (14.3 ± 5.4, 14.2 ± 6.5, 12.1 ± 5.1, and 8.7 ± 3.8 min with fentanyl 0, 50, 75, or 100 μg, respectively, P=0.001). The duration of analgesia was prolonged with an increasing dose of fentanyl (87.4 ± 20.8, 112.3 ± 19.5, 140.8 ± 18.8, and 143.6 ± 18.6 min with fentanyl 0, 50, 75, or 100 μg, respectively, P<0.001). The incidence of pruritus increased with an increasing dose of fentanyl (P=0.027) but there were no differences for other maternal side effects. There was a significant difference in satisfaction score among groups (P=0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of increasing doses of fentanyl to 0.17% ropivacaine contributed to shortened onset as well as prolonged duration of labor epidural analgesia and improved patient satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, CHA University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. ecbang63@hanmail.net
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D000077212:Ropivacaine
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D005283:Fentanyl