title: Imaging of the cervical and abdominal lymph nodes in a combined treatment of squamous cell oesophageal carcinoma.
abstract: The presence of lymph node metastases in esophageal cancer is one of the most principle prognostic indicators. The aim of the study was the assessment of cervical and abdominal lymph nodes (N/pN) by ultrasound (US) examination in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus referred to esophagectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analyzed study population consisted of 110 patients who underwent a combined-modality treatment (neoadjuvant chemotherapy - 74 patients or chemoradiotherapy - 36 patients). The results of US lymph node assessment were compared to the results of histopathological evaluation of lymph nodes harvested during surgery and diagnostic value of cervical and abdominal US in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complete metastatic regression was shown by US in 14.3-22.2% of patients depending on the node location and mode of neoadjuwant treatment. There was no significant difference in the assessment of lymph nodes between chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  US investigation is a method recommended for the assessment of metastatic lymph nodes in squamous cell oesophageal carcinoma, especially - for cervical nodes, where its specificity amounted to 96% and sensitivity - 100%. When positive nodes are suggested by US of the neck esophagectomy should be combined with 3-field lymphadenectomy.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of General, Gastrointestinal and Oncological Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Medical University in Lublin.
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cwik
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dąbrowski
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Skoczylas
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wallner
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D009333:Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011044:Poland; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography