title: Life changes in patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : the effect of near-death experiences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac arrest is a traumatic event that often affects patients' lives in many ways. Patients after near-death experiences (NDEs) often express strong and permanent change of their values, beliefs and principles.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the association between NDEs and life changes in patients 6 months after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective observational study, which included 37 patients (average age 54.0 years, range 22-81 years, 29 males) 6 months after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The presence of NDEs was assessed with a self-administered Greyson's NDE scale. The intensity of life changes was assessed with a self-administered Ring's life change inventory. Univariate analysis was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NDEs were reported by seven (18.9%) patients. In comparison to the non-NDEs group, patients in the NDEs group expressed significantly stronger changes in the following items: tolerance for others, understanding of myself, appreciation of nature, sense that there is some inner meaning to my life and concern with questions of social justice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac arrest survivors do not express extensive life changes. But, the presence of NDEs is significantly associated with the change of interest in some aspects of patients' lives. Such patients should be prepared for significant life changes that might occur after NDEs by health workers and receive professional help to accommodate to them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Medical School, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. zalika.klemenc-ketis@uni-mb.si
authors.forename: Zalika
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Klemenc-Ketis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001290:Attitude; D003643:Death; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*