title: Percutaneous pulsed radiofrequency treatment of the cervical dorsal root ganglion in the treatment of chronic cervical pain syndromes: a clinical audit.
abstract: Cervicogenic headache and cervicobrachialgia are frequent diagnoses of chronic cervical pain. After failure of conservative treatment, an interventional approach may be indicated in the absence of any indication for causal surgical treatment. The pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) technique exposes the nerve to a high-frequency electric field while the temperature of the electrode tip does not exceed 42°C. This method is thought to be nondestructive and almost free of neurologic side effects and complications. Our extended pilot study was performed to confirm the perceived efficacy of PRF for short- and long-term relief of chronic cervical pain. We carried out a clinical audit of the first 18 patients treated with PRF at the cervical dorsal root ganglion. An independent evaluator reviewed the medical records. Patients with good clinical results at 8 weeks were evaluated for long-term effect (> 6 months), based on a 7-point Likert scale. Thirteen patients (72%) showed short-term clinical success (≥ 50% pain relief). Mean follow-up was 19.4 months (SD 8.9 months), maximum 2.5 years. The duration of satisfactory pain relief (6 or 7 on the Likert scale) varied between 2 and over 30 months, with a mean duration of 9.2 months (SD 11.2 months). Kaplan-Meier analysis illustrated that 50% of patients experienced success 3 months after treatment. We could not identify predictive variables for clinical outcome. None of the patients reported post-treatment neuritis or other adverse events. To our knowledge, this is the first documented series of chronic cervical pain syndromes treated with PRF. Satisfactory pain relief of at least 50% was achieved in 13 of 18 (72%) patients at 8 weeks. More than one year after treatment, six patients (33%) continue to rate treatment outcome as good or very good. No side effects were reported. j.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University Hospital Maastricht,                                      Department of Neurology, University Hospital Maastricht,                                      Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment, University Hospital Maastricht, the Netherlands, and                                      Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Multidisciplinary Pain Center, ZOL, Genk, Belgium.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Zundert
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Lamé
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Louw
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kessels
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patijn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Kleef