title: Comparison of ropivacaine and lidocaine with epinephrine for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry. A randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of maxillary infiltration anesthesia with 0.5% plain ropivacaine or 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 volunteers received 1.8 ml of the anesthetic for infiltration anesthesia of maxillary central and lateral incisors and canine teeth. The onset time and duration of pulp anesthesia were assessed with an electric pulp tester. The duration time of numbness of the upper lip was also monitored. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after administration of the solution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The efficacy of anesthesia of the lateral and central incisors was 100% for both anesthetics. There were small insignificant differences in effectiveness of canine pulp anesthesia. The mean onset time was significantly shorter for ropivacaine--2.2 minutes vs. 5.1 for lidocaine. Ropivacaine also had a significantly longer duration of action--mean time 79.2 minutes. Ropivacaine caused statistically significant increases in blood pressure and heart rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
authors.forename: Tadeusz Faustyn
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Krzemiński
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Gilowski
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wiench
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Płocica
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kondzielnik
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sielańczyk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003791:Dental Pulp Test; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D013997:Time Factors; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine