title: Effects of the interaction of TiO2 nanoparticles with bisphenol A on their physicochemical properties and in vitro toxicity.
abstract: In this paper we evaluated the effects of the interaction of TiO(2) nanoparticles (nano-TiO(2)) with bisphenol A (BPA) on their physicochemical properties and in vitro toxicity in human embryo L-02 hepatocytes. Different concentrations of BPA (0, 0.1, 1, 10 μmol/L) and nano-TiO(2) (0, 0.1, 1, 10mg/L) were mixed to analyze the size distribution, zeta potential, adsorption capacity and uptake of nano-TiO(2), and the toxicity of nano-TiO(2) and BPA in L-02 cells. The addition of BPA to nano-TiO(2) dispersions increased the aggregation level and zeta potential of nano-TiO(2) in all media. Nano-TiO(2) had a similar adsorption capacity in different media, although a higher aggregation level was observed in cell culture medium. Nano-TiO(2), with or without BPA, could enter L-02 cells after 24h exposure. Nano-TiO(2) alone did not induce significant DNA and chromosome damage, but the mixture of nano-TiO(2) and BPA increased toxicity via increasing oxidative stress, DNA double strand breaks and micronuclei formation. The aggregated nano-TiO(2) can enrich BPA effectively. The BPA-bound nano-TiO(2) are proven to be uptaken into nuclei of exposed cells, which may increase intracellular BPA and nano-TiO(2) levels and thus lead to synergistic toxicity. However only small synergic effects were observed at the concentrations of BPA and nano-TiO(2) used in this study.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. zhengdan@mails.tjmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xinmei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Heqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yating
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D014025:Titanium; C009495:titanium dioxide; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds