title: A national survey of availability of key essential medicines for children in Sri Lanka.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the availability of key essential medicines for children in Sri Lanka.
  
  
  METHODS
  This national survey assessed the availability of 25 key essential medicines for children using the WHO/Health Action International medicine price methodology. Data were collected from a representative sample of 40 public hospitals (Outpatients Department pharmacies), 40 private and 8 'Rajya Osusala' (ROS) pharmacies. The hospitals and pharmacies were selected from 8 provinces using a multistage clustered approach to represent different levels of public hospitals. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean per cent availability of the basket of survey medicines was 52% in pubic hospitals when compared to 80% in private, and 88% in ROS pharmacies. teaching/general hospitals had better availability (mean per cent availability 62%) than district hospitals (54%), peripheral units (49%) and central dispensaries (45%). Availability of anti-infectives, anti-asthma medicines and oral liquid preparations of carbamazepine, iron, paracetamol, domperidone and ibuprofen was found to be less in public hospitals than private and ROS pharmacies. Availability in public hospitals similar to that of private and ROS pharmacies was only for paracetamol tablet, oral rehydration salt, vitamin C and chlorphenamine syrup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Key essential medicines for children were less available in public hospitals than in private and ROS pharmacies. This deprives children from access to effective and safe medicines more in the public hospitals than in the private sector or ROS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balasubramaniam
authors.forename: B V S H
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Beneragama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sri Ranganathan
mesh_terms: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006779:Hospitals, Public; D006801:Humans; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000458:organization & administration; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013188:Sri Lanka
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents