title: [Autonomic dysfunction and cardiac arrhythmia in patients with obstructive  and central sleep apnea].
abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea with Cheyne-Stokes respiration                     are associated with an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia. Apnea- associated                     arrhythmia may contribute to sudden cardiac death and premature mortality in                     those patients. Both forms of sleep apnea excert strong modulatory effects on                     the autonomic system with a special autonomic profile. Profound vagal activity                     is leading to bradyarrhythmias, and sypathico-excitation to tachyarrhythmias.                     Atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias in obstructive and central sleep                     apnea patients are mainly found in combination with cardiovascular comorbidity                     (coronary heart disease, hypertensive heart disease, chronic heart failure).                     Bradyarrhythmias in OSA are induced by a cardioinhibitory vagal reflex due to                     obstructed airway. CPAP-therapy has been demonstrated to reduce arrhythmias.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin, SP Pneumologie, Intensiv- und Schlafmedizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg. koehleru@staff.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reinke
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sibai
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sohrabi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dette
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grimm
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D006321:Heart / Q000294:innervation; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D020182:Sleep Apnea, Central / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology