title: Electronic detection of lectins using carbohydrate-functionalized nanostructures: graphene versus carbon nanotubes.
abstract: Here we investigated the interactions between lectins and carbohydrates using field-effect transistor (FET) devices comprised of chemically converted graphene (CCG) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Pyrene- and porphyrin-based glycoconjugates were functionalized noncovalently on the surface of CCG-FET and SWNT-FET devices, which were then treated with 2 μM nonspecific and specific lectins. In particular, three different lectins (PA-IL, PA-IIL, and ConA) and three carbohydrate epitopes (galactose, fucose, and mannose) were tested. The responses of 36 different devices were compared and rationalized using computer-aided models of carbon nanostructure/glycoconjugate interactions. Glycoconjugate surface coverage in addition to one-dimensional structures of SWNTs resulted in optimal lectin detection. Additionally, lectin titration data of SWNT- and CCG-based biosensors were used to calculate lectin dissociation constants (K(d)) and compare them to the values obtained from the isothermal titration microcalorimetry technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Harindra
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vedala
authors.forename: Gregg P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Kotchey
authors.forename: Aymeric
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Audfray
authors.forename: Samy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cecioni
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imberty
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Star
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D003217:Conductometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D037102:Lectins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D037102:Lectins; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006108:Graphite