title: Theaflavin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in a mouse fatty liver model.
abstract: The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been increasing, and there is a shortage of liver donors, which has led to the acceptance of steatotic livers for transplantation. However, steatotic livers are known to experience more severe acute ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury than normal livers upon transplantation. In the present study, we investigated the role of theaflavin, a polyphenol substance extracted from black tea, in attenuating acute I/R injury in a fatty liver model. We induced I/R in normal and steatotic livers treated with or without theaflavin. We also separated primary hepatocytes from the normal and steatotic livers, and applied RAW264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage cell line, that was pretreated with theaflavin. We observed that liver steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation and hepatocyte apoptosis were increased in the steatotic liver compared to the normal liver, however, these changes were significantly decreased by theaflavin treatment. In addition, theaflavin significantly diminished the ROS production of steatotic hepatocytes and TNF-α production by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. We concluded that theaflavin has protective effects against I/R injury in fatty livers by anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Safety and Immune Tolerance, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Terumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Jiangang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: Masumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Xiao-Kang
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002392:Catechin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D044946:Biflavonoids; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C056068:theaflavin; D002392:Catechin