title: Isolation of active constituents from cherry laurel (Laurocerasus officinalis Roem.) leaves through bioassay-guided procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The fresh leaves of Laurocerasus officinalis Roem. (Rosaceae) are externally used against pain and feverish symptoms in Turkish folk medicine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Effects of the extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from the leaves of L. officinalis were investigated using in vivo models of inflammation and pain in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The crude ethanolic extract from the leaves of plant was sequentially fractionated into five subextracts; explicitly, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol, and remaining water extracts. Further studies were carried out on the most active EtOAc subextract was further subjected to fractionation through column chromatography. For the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and acetic acid-induced increase in capillary permeability models, and for the antinociceptive activity p-benzoquinone-induced writhing test in mice were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ethanolic extract of the leaves was shown to possess significant inhibitory activity in the assay methods without inducing any gastric damage. Through bioassay-guided fractionation and isolation procedures three phenolic compounds, 2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid (1), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and (+)-catechin (3) were isolated from the active fraction and their structures were elucidated by spectral techniques (1D and 2D NMR, ESIMS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experimental data verified that Laurocerasus officinalis leaves displayed remarkable anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity.
authors.affiliation: Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Esra Küpeli
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Akkol
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kırmızıbekmez
authors.forename: Nurgün
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Küçükboyacı
authors.forename: Ahmet C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Gören
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yesilada
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D016227:Benzoquinones; D001681:Biological Assay; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002351:Carrageenan; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016227:Benzoquinones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; C004532:quinone; D002351:Carrageenan; D019342:Acetic Acid