title: Detection of parvovirus B19 capsid proteins in testicular tissues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect B19 capsid proteins, VP1 and VP2, in testicular tissues, both normal and tumor, using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of normal, fetal, and tumor testicular tissue (n = 31) and normal testicular DNA (n = 1) were tested for the presence of B19. Immunohistochemistry staining was used for the detection of viral capsid proteins VP1 and VP2. Polymerase chain reaction with 4 primer sets was used to test for the presence of B19 DNA in a normal testicular sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  B19 capsid protein VP1 and VP2 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 6 (85.7%) of 7 normal testicular samples and 17 (73.9%) of 23 tumor samples. The findings from a normal fetal testicular sample were equivocal. B19 DNA was detected in normal testicular DNA with 4 of the 4 primer sets used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to previous reports, B19 capsid proteins VP1 and VP2 have now been detected in both normal and tumor testicular tissue. The persistence of B19 in a diverse range of tissues, including the testes, requires more research into the molecular mechanisms by which B19 can enter these cells, as well as the possible etiologic roles in chronic diseases, including cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
authors.forename: Monica E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Polcz
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Adamson
authors.forename: Reva S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Datar
authors.forename: Larry J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: Jacqueline A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hobbs
mesh_terms: D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018239:Seminoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D013737:Testis / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; C095547:capsid protein VP1, parvovirus B19; C095548:capsid protein VP2, parvovirus B19