title: Self and near relative ratings of functional level one year after traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients' perceptions of own function by the Patient Competency Rating Scale (PCRS) one year after injury, and to examine self-awareness of functional deficits by comparing PCRS ratings from patients (PCRS-P) and PCRS ratings from near relatives (PCRS-R), and to identify predictors of awareness deficits.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 50 severe (n = 33) and moderate (n = 17) TBI patients. Awareness of deficits was investigated by subtracting PCRS relative ratings from PCRS patient ratings. Predictors of PCRS ratings and differences were assessed by stepwise multiple regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average patient PCRS sum score was 122/150 (95% CI = 115; 129) as compared to a sum score of 117/150 (95% CI = 110; 125), given by their relatives (p = 0.93). The patients scored themselves slightly higher than their relatives in the domains of activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive function (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Regression analyses showed that Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)score at admission to rehabilitation was the strongest predictor of patient PCRS (B = 3.314, p = 0.008). The strongest predictor of differences between patient and relative PCRS was GCS acute (B = -3.530, p = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TBI patients demonstrated a slight "awareness gap" in ADL and cognitive function. Low GCS in the acute phase and high age were the strongest predictors of self- awareness deficits.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Sports, Agder University, Kristiansand, Norway. maria.sandhaug@uia.no
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandhaug
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Andelic
authors.forename: Svein A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Berntsen
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seiler
authors.forename: Aase
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mygland
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001364:Awareness; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016743:Mental Competency / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010465:Perception; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult