title: Tri-decabrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in indoor air and dust from Stockholm microenvironments 1: levels and profiles.
abstract: Indoor air (gas and particle phase) and dust samples were collected from 10 houses, 44 apartments, 10 day care centers, 10 offices, 17 new cars and two car dealership halls from Stockholm, Sweden, and analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). Median ΣPBDE concentrations in air were 330, 58, 4000, 14000 and 510 pg/m(3) in houses, apartments, day care centers, offices and cars, respectively. Median ΣPBDE concentrations in dust were 510, 1400, 1200, 1200 and 1400 ng/g in houses, apartments, day care centers, offices and cars, respectively. HBCD was detected in most dust samples (median range, 45-340 ng/g) but only in a few air samples (median range, <1.6-2.0 pg/m(3)). For all microenvironments, the brominated flame retardant (BFR) found in highest concentration in air was ΣDecaBDE, primarily BDE-209, followed by ΣPentaBDE, and in dust, ΣDecaBDE, followed by HBCD (offices, day care centers, cars) or ΣPentaBDE (houses, apartments). Positive correlations were found between matched air and dust samples for ΣPentaBDE, but not for ΣDecaBDE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thuresson
authors.forename: Justina Awasum
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Björklund
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Wit
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D002947:Cities; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis*; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis*; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane; C010902:decabromobiphenyl ether