title: Exchange of Newcastle disease viruses in Korea: the relatedness of isolates between wild birds, live bird markets, poultry farms and neighboring countries.
abstract: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has a worldwide distribution and is often carried by wild ducks, which may represent one of the natural reservoirs. However, the epidemiological relatedness of NDV between wild ducks and domestic poultry is unclear. A total of 14 isolates were obtained from 8439 samples from live bird markets (LBMs) and wild bird populations in Korea during from 2007 to 2010. These isolates were characterized genetically and phylogenetic analysis was conducted to investigate the relatedness between isolates from wild birds, LBM and poultry farms. In phylogenetic analysis, all 14 isolates belonged to genotype I virus within class II. Of these, nine isolates from wild birds were most closely related to the Aomori-like cluster. The five LBM isolates were most closely related to the V4-like cluster. All isolates in this study were closely related to isolates from domestic duck farms in Korea and Chinese LBM isolates. The results indicate that NDV exchange occurs between wild birds, poultry farms, LBMs and neighboring countries. Enhanced NDV surveillance is required to monitor the introduction of variant NDV in consequence of evolution in LBMs and to investigate NDV epidemiology in various species of putative hosts.
authors.affiliation: Avian Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Yoon
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong-Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Myeong-Seob
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jun-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Yu-Na
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Keun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seong-Su
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yuk
authors.forename: Joong-Bok
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: In-Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Chang-Seon
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000821:virology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D005838:Genotype; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry / Q000821:virology; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins