title: New bioactive glass-ceramic: synthesis and application in PMMA bone cement composites.
abstract: In present study, a new composition of glass-ceramic was synthesized based on the Na2O-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 glass system. Heat treatment of glass powder was carried out in 2 stages: 600 °C as the nucleation temperature and different temperature on crystallization at 850, 950 and 1000 °C. The glass-ceramic heat-treated at 950 °C was selected as bioactive filler in commercial PMMA bone cement; (PALACOS® LV) due to its ability to form 2 high crystallization phases in comparison with 850 and 1000 °C. The results of this newly glass-ceramic filled PMMA bone cement at 0-16 wt% of filler loading were compared with those of hydroxyapatite (HA). The effect of different filler loading on the setting properties was evaluated. The peak temperature during the polymerization of bone cement decreased when the liquid to powder (L/P) ratio was reduced. The setting time, however, did not show any trend when filler loading was increased. In contrast, dough time was observed to decrease with increased filler loading. Apatite morphology was observed on the surface of the glass-ceramic and selected cement after bioactivity test.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hamizah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abd Samad
authors.forename: Mariatti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaafar
authors.forename: Radzali
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Othman
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawashita
authors.forename: Noor Hayati
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Abdul Razak
mesh_terms: D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; C023506:Glass ceramics; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D017886:Durapatite