title: Vitamin D receptor gene variants and clinical outcomes after androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Molecular epidemiology studies have shown that vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are associated with prostate cancer risk. However, the prognostic value of these polymorphisms on clinical outcomes in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) has not been determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the association of five common VDR polymorphisms, ApaI, Tru9I, BsmI, FokI, and Cdx2, with clinicopathologic characteristics and clinical outcomes, including disease progression, prostate cancer-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality, in a cohort of 601 prostate cancer patients treated with ADT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the five VDR polymorphisms, FokI rs2228570 and BsmI rs1544410 were associated with Gleason score at diagnosis (P = 0.043) and prostate-specific antigen nadir following ADT (P = 0.023), respectively. The haplotype analysis revealed that the A-A-G (ApaI-Tru9I-BsmI) compared with C-G-G individuals were more likely to have high Gleason score (P = 0.050). However, none of these polymorphisms were significantly associated with disease progression and mortality after ADT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the largest study to date investigating the association of VDR polymorphisms and clinical outcomes in prostate cancer patients receiving ADT. Polymorphisms in the VDR gene might be associated with Gleason score, but these polymorphisms had no main effect on predicting response to ADT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Yangming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiunn-Bey
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Pao
authors.forename: Ying-Pi
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chun-Nung
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shu-Pin
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tzyh-Chyuan
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hour
authors.forename: Ta-Yuan
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yu-Hsuan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Te-Ling
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hong-Zin
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shin-Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Juang
authors.forename: Chao-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Bo-Ying
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Bao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005838:Genotype; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; C579457:VDR protein, human; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone