title: Presenting symptoms of anterior urethral stricture disease: a disease specific, patient reported questionnaire to measure outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the spectrum of symptoms in men with urethral stricture presenting for urethroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 214 men who underwent anterior urethroplasty by a single surgeon (CMG) from March 2001 to June 2010. We retrospectively reviewed the initial patient history. All voiding and sexual dysfunction symptoms were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common presenting voiding complaints were weak stream in 49% of cases and incomplete emptying in 27%. Overall 21% of men did not present with voiding symptoms specifically addressed by the American Urological Association symptom index. The most common of these symptoms were spraying of urinary stream in 13% of men and dysuria in 10%. No symptoms were reported in 10% of men. Men with lichen sclerosus were more likely to present with obstructive symptoms (76% vs 55%) while men with penile urethral stricture were more likely to present with urinary stream spraying (17% vs 6%, each p <0.05). Sexual dysfunction was reported by 11% of men, most commonly in those with failed hypospadias repair (23% vs 9%) and lichen sclerosus (24% vs 10%, each p <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the American Urological Association symptom index captures the most common voiding complaints of men with urethral stricture, 21% of those who presented for urethroplasty did not have voiding symptoms assessed by the index. A validated, disease specific instrument is needed to fully capture the presenting voiding symptoms and sexual dysfunction complaints of men with urethral stricture disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Geoffrey R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Nuss
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Granieri
authors.forename: Lee C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Dennis J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Thum
authors.forename: Chris M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery