title: Risk factors associated with progression in exfoliative glaucoma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate exfoliative glaucoma (XFG) patients over 5 years, determining risk factors associated with progression or non-progression of glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, observational study. Patients were chosen from consecutive charts and data collected from each available visit included in the follow-up period. Data were abstracted for non-progressed XFG patients for 5 years and for progressed patients until glaucoma worsened. Progression was determined from patient records and by disc photographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 71 (53%) progressed and 63 (47%) non-progressed XFG patients.Baseline parameters demonstrated worse visual field damage (p=0.014) and more prescribed medicines (p=0.03) in progressed patients. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) for progressed patients was 18.7±4.3 and 17.3±3.4 mm Hg for non-progressed patients (p=0.047). The mean IOP that best separated the groups was 17 mm Hg with 60% staying non-progressed at or below this level and 30% above this level. At the last visit, progressed patients had more medicines prescribed (1.7) than non-progressed patients (1.3, p=0.005). A multivariate regression analysis showed higher mean, peak and variance of IOP, number of glaucoma medications at the final visit and presence of a disc hemorrhage (n=5) as independent risk factors for progression (p≤0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IOP reduction in XFG may be essential in reducing disease progression. The presence of disc hemorrhage in XFG may suggest an increased probability of progression despite treatment to within the normal IOP range.
authors.affiliation: Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holló
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quaranta
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cvenkel
authors.forename: Yuri S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Astakhov
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Teus
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kóthy
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miglior
authors.forename: Ivano
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Riva
authors.forename: Evgeny L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Akopov
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gros
authors.forename: Jeanette A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kristoffersen
authors.forename: Lindsay A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D014794:Visual Fields