title: Local and systemic cellular immunity in early renal artery atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Modern imaging techniques have increased the incidental detection of renal atherosclerotic disease (RAD). Because immune activation may hasten RAD progression, identifying cellular immune markers might provide clues to clinical activity. In this study, cellular immune markers were assessed in early RAD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immune cell markers in peripheral blood of two groups of hypertensive patients with normal carotid and coronary arteries were evaluated: 28 patients had incidental RAD and 22 patients had normal renal arteries; 21 renal arteries obtained at necropsy from individuals with history of hypertension and tissue evidence of RAD were examined and matched with 21 individuals with normal renal arteries. Cell subpopulations were measured by flow cytometry in peripheral blood and direct cell count, respectively, using T and dendritic cells monoclonal antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peripheral blood of RAD patients showed increased numbers of cells expressing CD3, CD4, CD83, and CD86. CD4 to CD8 ratio was 8.3 ± 1.4 (RAD) to 3.4 ± 0.9 (normal; P<0.001). No differences were found in CD25, CD8, and S100 among groups. Postmortem samples from RAD showed increased CD3+, CD4+, CD86+, and S100+ cells, whereas CD25+ and CD8+ were unmodified between groups. CD4+ to CD8+ ratio was higher in the RAD(PM) group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results are consistent with an increased expression of immune cell markers in early RAD. Additional studies will explore if they may potentially turn into treatment targets to prevent disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Hipertensión Arterial, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ckotliar@cas.austral.edu.ar
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kotliar
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Juncos
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Inserra
authors.forename: Elena M V
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: de Cavanagh
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chuluyan
authors.forename: Jorge B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Aquino
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hita
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Navari
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D001344:Autopsy; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood; D000097802:CD83 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D015415:Biomarkers; D017252:CD3 Complex; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009418:S100 Proteins; D000097802:CD83 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human; C508017:IL2RA protein, human