title: Determination of sulfonamides in food samples by membrane-protected micro-solid phase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: In the present study, a simple and sensitive extraction method based on polypropylene membrane-protected micro-solid phase extraction (MP-μ-SPE) has been developed for analysis of sulfonamides in food samples. Poly (methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (p-MAA-EDMA) was synthesized using orthogonal array experimental design, optimized with three factors at four levels and evaluated on yield, hydrophobic and cation-exchange properties. The optimized p-MAA-EDMA was then employed as the sorbent in the MP-μ-SPE for extraction of sulfonamides from milk and chicken muscle samples, followed by high performance liquid chromatographic analysis with ultraviolet detection. Under optimized extraction conditions, good linearities (0.010-1.0 μg mL(-1) with r(2)>0.9900), low limits of detection (0.38-0.62 ng mL(-1)), and acceptable intra-day (2.7-13.7%) and inter-day (6.7-15.2%) relative standard deviations were obtained. It was demonstrated to be an effective approach to handle semi-solid/solid samples with good resistance to interference from "dirty" samples.
authors.affiliation: Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Jiangeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Juanjuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiaojiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Gao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone; D000097:Acetonitriles; D000327:Adsorption; D000641:Ammonia; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008689:Methacrylates; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008689:Methacrylates; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000096:Acetone; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000641:Ammonia; C032159:acetonitrile