title: S100B modulates growth factors and costimulatory molecules expression in cultured human astrocytes.
abstract: S100B is a Ca(2+)-binding protein expressed in the nervous system. Increased levels of S100B in the extracellular space have been detected in several neurological disorders. We investigated the response of human astrocytes to micromolar chronic concentrations of this protein measuring the expression of some costimulatory molecules, such as CD137, CD137-L, CD40, CD40-L, the chemokine RANTES and two growth factors FGF-2 and TGF-β2. Our findings suggest that high levels of S100B in the brain parenchyma may modulate the activation status of astrocytes decreasing their neuroprotective role and modifying their interaction with microglia and other inflammatory cells. This effect may contribute to evolution of some neurological disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytomorphology, University of Cagliari, Italy.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reali
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saba
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cabras
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michetti
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sogos
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II