title: Interleukin-16 (IL-16) gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A number of theories have been put forward to clarify the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), such as genetic alterations and cytokine production. A combination of inflammatory cytokines has an important role in cancer development. The aim of our study was to screen for alterations located in promoter and exons of IL-16 gene sequence, to determine the distribution of genotypes in individuals with CRC and healthy controls in a sample of Iranian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The case group consisted of 260 individuals with colorectal cancer and the control group included 405 healthy individuals. Three IL-16 gene polymorphisms (rs4072111, rs11556218, rs4778889) were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. RFLP results were confirmed by direct sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant association between rs11556218 SNP in the IL-16 gene and the risk of CRC was found. The TG genotype of rs11556218 T/G polymorphism showed significant association with a 1.75 fold increased risk of CRC (P=0.005; adjusted OR: 1.759; 95% CI: 1.191-2.598). In addition a significant association between CC genotype of rs4778889 T/C polymorphism and decreased risk of CRC in male subjects (P=0.045; adjusted OR: 0.192; 95% CI: 0.038-0.967) was determined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first report of IL-16 gene polymorphisms among CRC patients from Iran. Our results suggest an influence of rs11556218 T > G and rs4778889 T/C polymorphisms on the altered risk of CRC.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases-Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Pedram
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Azimzadeh
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romani
authors.forename: Seyed Reza
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mohebbi
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazemian
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vahedi
authors.forename: Shohreh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almasi
authors.forename: Seyed Reza
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Fatemi
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zali
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005091:Exons; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D019410:Interleukin-16 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019410:Interleukin-16