title: Differential effects of chlorogenic acid on various immunological parameters relevant to rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Despite chlorogenic acid (CGA) being widely present in nature, particularly in the human diet, there is very little information regarding its pharmacological activities. The present investigation was carried out to investigate the antiarthritic activities of this compound in adjuvant induced-arthritis in male Wistar rats, and to explore the underlying mechanisms of actions in view of immunological responses. We observed that CGA effectively controlled the total (CD3) and differentiated (CD4 and CD8) T cells count at the dose of 40 mg/kg. We also assessed the effect on co-stimulatory molecules (CD28, CD80/86) and found that CGA efficiently suppressed CD80/86 but failed to bring any changes in the CD28 count, whereas ibuprofen (standard drug) resulted in highly significant inhibition of both. We next examined the effect on CD4⁺ T cells specific Th1/Th2 cytokines by flow cytometry and observed that CGA suppressed the Th1 cytokines in a highly significant manner but elevated Th2 cytokines with dose dependence. Results of the present investigation suggest that CGA is a potent antiarthritic agent.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Laboratory, Division of Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi, Jammu and Kashmir-80001, India. prashant.rrl@gmail.com
authors.forename: Prashant Singh
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Naresh Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Satti
authors.forename: Punita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Vijay Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Krishan Avtar
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Suri
authors.forename: Sarang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology*; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000276:immunology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D058408:Th1-Th2 Balance; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D017252:CD3 Complex; C497966:Cd86 protein, rat; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D007052:Ibuprofen