title: Nanoscale surface modification favors benign biofilm formation and impedes adherence by pathogens.
abstract: We have found in vitro that a biofilm of benign Escherichia coli 83972 interferes with urinary catheter colonization by pathogens, and in human studies E. coli 83972-coated urinary catheters are associated with lower rates of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. We hypothesized that modifying surfaces to present mannose ligands for the type 1 fimbriae of E. coli would promote formation of dense E. coli 83972 biofilms, thereby interfering with surface colonization by Enterococcus faecalis, a common uropathogen. We covalently immobilized mannose on silicon substrates by attaching amino-terminated mannose derivative to carboxylic acid-terminated monolayers via amidation. Fluorescence microscopy showed that E. coli 83972 adherence to mannose-modified surfaces increased 4.4-fold compared to unmodified silicon surfaces. Pre-exposing mannose-modified surfaces to E. coli 83972 established a protective biofilm that reduced E. faecalis adherence by 83-fold. Mannose-fimbrial interactions were essential for the improved E. coli 83927 adherence and interference effects. From the Clinical Editor: Recurrent urinary tract infections remain major adverse events associated with catheter use. The authors report that modifying catheter surface to present mannose ligands for the type 1 fimbriae of benign Escherichia coli 83972 promotes formation of dense E. coli biofilms, which 100-fold reduces urinary catheter colonization of uropathogens. Future application of this technology is expected to result in substantial UTI risk reduction in catheter users.
authors.affiliation: Houston VA Health Services Research and Development Center of Excellence, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA. trautner@bcm.edu
authors.forename: Barbara W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Trautner
authors.forename: Analette I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Danish M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Siddiq
authors.forename: Kershena S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tweardy
authors.forename: Chengzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000502:physiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008358:Mannose / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D008358:Mannose