title: mTHPC-mediated photodynamic treatment up-regulates the cytokines VEGF and IL-1alpha.
abstract: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer induces oxidative stress, which intervenes in the expression of cytokines by tumor cells. The cytokines might have either a positive or a negative impact on tumor eradication. Here, we studied the expression of cytokines vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) in the human epidermoid carcinoma A-431 cells following m-tetra(3-hydroxyphenyl)-chlorin (mTHPC)-mediated PDT in vitro and assessed the IL-1alpha effect on VEGF expression. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed the enhanced production of VEGF and IL-1alpha both on mRNA and protein levels by mTHPC-loaded cells after light exposure. The silencing of IL1A by small interfering RNA resulted in decreased production of IL-1alpha and a reduced amount of VEGF. Furthermore, exogenous recombinant IL-1alpha stimulated the VEGF expression after PDT. Thus, in addition to the cytotoxic action on the A-431 cells, mTHPC-mediated PDT stimulated the production of VEGF and IL-1alpha, and IL-1alpha contributed to the VEGF overexpression. These data establish IL-1alpha as a possible target of combined cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Daiva
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dabkeviciene
authors.forename: Ausra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sasnauskiene
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leman
authors.forename: Raimonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kvietkauskaite
authors.forename: Neringa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Daugelaviciene
authors.forename: Vaidotas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stankevicius
authors.forename: Vaclovas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jurgelevicius
authors.forename: Benediktas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Juodka
authors.forename: Vida
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kirveliene
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008027:Light; D008652:Mesoporphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D008652:Mesoporphyrins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C072269:temoporfin