title: Preparation of highly pure zeaxanthin particles from sea water-cultivated microalgae using supercritical anti-solvent recrystallization.
abstract: Xanthophylls, including zeaxanthin, are considered dietary supplements with a potentially positive impact on age-related macular degeneration. Using pilot-scale column fractionation coupled with supercritical anti-solvent (SAS) recrystallization, highly pure zeaxanthin particulates were prepared from ultrasonic extracts of the microalgae, Nannochloropsis oculata, grown in sea water. Column partition chromatography increased the concentration of zeaxanthin from 36.2 mg/g of the ultrasonic extracts to 425.6 mg/g of the collected column fractions. A response surface methodology was systematically designed for the SAS process by changing feed concentration, CO(2) flow rate and anti-solvent pressure. Zeaxanthin-rich particles with a purity of 84.2% and a recovery of 85.3% were produced using supercritical anti-solvent recrystallization from the column eluate at a feed concentration of 1.5 mg/mL, CO(2) flow rate of 48.6 g/min and pressure of 135 bar.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chao-Rui
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Siang-En
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Yuan-Chuen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shih-Lan
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Daina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hsiang
authors.forename: Chieh-Ming J
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D058009:Stramenopiles / Q000378:metabolism*; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D065146:Zeaxanthins
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins