title: Pharmacological properties and related constituents of stem bark of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To screen methanol and dichloromethane extracts of stem bark of Pterocarpus erinaceus for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, in vitro antioxidant activities and phytochemical analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-inflammatory activity was determined by using carrageenan induced-edema of mice paw and croton oil-induced edema of mice ear; analgesic effect was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing. Phytochemical screening of extracts was performed by thin layer chromatography. The chromatographic fractionation led to the isolation of main active components as friedelin, lupeol and epicathechin. The structures were established by TLC and nuclear magnetic resonance studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both methanol and dichloromethane extracts, friedelin, lupeol and epicatechin showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect using croton oil induced-ear edema. Furthermore, the action of dichloromethane extract was more important. At the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, the methanol extract was able to reduce the carrageenan induced-hind paw edema, while at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, it showed an important analgesic effect against writhing induced by acetic acid injection of 38.8%, 68.0% and 74.3%, respectively. Antioxidative properties of methanol extract and its dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions were assessed by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method. The methanol extract showed the stronger radical scavenging activity than dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions, with an antiradical power of 5, 3.5 and 2 respectively. The main components isolated from these extracts as friedelin, lupeol and epicathechin were responsible of these activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the stem bark extracts of Pterocarpus erinaceus possessed important anti-inflammatory, analgesic activities and strong antioxidant properties, therefore, they could be used as potential natural ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry.
authors.affiliation: Département de médecine-pharmacopée traditionnelle/pharmacie (IRSS/CNRST), Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Ouédraogo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Noufou
authors.forename: Sawadogo Richard
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wamtinga
authors.forename: Tibiri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: Bayet
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Christine
authors.forename: Lompo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marius
authors.forename: Hay A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Emmanuelle
authors.forename: Koudou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jean
authors.forename: Dijoux
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marie-Geneviève
authors.forename: Guissou Innocent
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Pierre
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002351:Carrageenan; D002392:Catechin / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003436:Croton Oil; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004423:Ear; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006614:Hindlimb; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D000432:Methanol; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D035721:Pterocarpus / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000094042:Lupanes
chemical_list: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002351:Carrageenan; D002392:Catechin; D003436:Croton Oil; D000432:Methanol; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D014315:Triterpenes; C060796:friedelin; D000094042:Lupanes; C010480:lupeol