title: Caustics in a meridional plane produced by plano-convex conic lenses.
abstract: We study the formation of caustic surfaces formed in both convex-plano and plano-convex conic lenses by considering a plane wave incident on the lens along the optical axis. By using the caustic formulas and a paraxial approximation, we derive analytic expressions to evaluate the spherical aberration to the third order, and a formula to reduce this aberration is provided. Furthermore, we apply the formulas to evaluate the circle of least confusion for a positive lens as a function of all parameters involved in the process of refraction through the conic lenses.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Distrito Federal, Mexico. maximino.avendano@ccadet.unam.mx
authors.forename: Maximino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Avendaño-Alejo
authors.forename: Dulce
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: González-Utrera
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castañeda