title: Expression of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs and matrix metalloproteinase 9 in middle ear squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK) may negatively regulate matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) activity and suppress tumor invasion and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether RECK and MMP were involved in regulating middle ear carcinoma invasion and metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  RECK and MMP9 were measured in 30 middle ear squamous cell carcinoma tissues and 20 adjacent normal external ear canal skin tissues using immunohistochemical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive rate of RECK expression in the middle ear squamous cell carcinoma was much lower than that in the normal external ear canal skin. In contrast, the positive rate of MMP9 expression was higher in middle ear squamous cell carcinoma tissue than that in normal external ear canal skin tissue. The expressions of RECK and MMP9 were correlated with the histological grade and tumor stage, but not with patient age or gender.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RECK and MMP9 are involved in middle ear squamous cell carcinoma and may serve as markers to evaluate progression and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wuqing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jianfu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chongxi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Longhe
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004432:Ear, Middle; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C115460:RECK protein, human; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9