title: New biological activities of Casimiroa edulis leaf extract and isolated compounds.
abstract: The phytochemical investigation of Casimiroa edulis Llave et Lex (Rotaceae) afforded four coumarins: umbelliferone (1), esculetin (2), imperatorin (3) and xanthotoxol (4). The identification of these compounds was achieved by using a combination of m.p., UV, EI-mass, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. Essential oil extracts were analysed by GC/MS leading to the identification of 60 components. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons accounted for the major make up of the oil. Microbiological screenings of the oil and successive plant fractions were performed, showing promising activity against a number of microorganisms with Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) comparable to the standard antibiotics such as chloramphenicol and kanamycin. The plant ethanol extract (400 mg/kg) and the isolated coumarins (60 mg/kg) showed anticoagulant activity. Analyses to determine the activity of the extracts on liver and kidney function were performed, revealing no negative or detrimental effects.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA. amaniawaad@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Amani S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Awaad
authors.forename: Nabilah A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Jaber
authors.forename: Gamal A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: Mounerah R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Al-Outhman
authors.forename: Mohamed E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Zain
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Moses
authors.forename: Reham M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: El-Meligy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D032081:Casimiroa / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D011564:Furocoumarins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D014468:Umbelliferones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000925:Anticoagulants; D011564:Furocoumarins; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014468:Umbelliferones; C021768:xanthotoxol; D000431:Ethanol; C031534:imperatorin; C007628:esculetin