title: Pomegranate fruit extract inhibits UVB-induced inflammation and proliferation by modulating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in mouse skin.
abstract: There is considerable interest in the identification of natural agents capable of affording protection to skin from the adverse effects of solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit possesses as strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. Recently, we have shown that oral feeding of pomegranate fruit extract (PFE) to mice afforded substantial protection from the adverse effects of single UVB radiation via modulation in early biomarkers of photocarcinogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the photochemopreventive effects of PFE (0.2%, wt/vol) after multiple UVB irradiations (180 mJ cm(-2), on alternative day, for a total of seven treatments) to the skin of SKH-1 hairless mice. Oral feeding of PFE to SKH-1 mice inhibited UVB-induced epidermal hyperplasia, infiltration of leukocytes, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that oral feeding of PFE to mice inhibited UVB-induced (1) nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B/p65, (2) phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, (3) activation of IKKα/ΙΚΚβ and (4) phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase proteins and c-Jun. PFE consumption also inhibited UVB-induced protein expression of (1) COX-2 and iNOS, (2) PCNA and cyclin D1 and (3) matrix metalloproteinases-2,-3 and -9 in mouse skin. Taken together, these data show that PFE consumption afforded protection to mouse skin against the adverse effects of UVB radiation by modulating UVB-induced signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Naghma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Deeba N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: Harish Chandra
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mukhtar
authors.forename: Farrukh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Afaq
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496564:Chuk protein, mouse; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496562:Ikbkb protein, mouse; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases