title: A cultured greigite-producing magnetotactic bacterium in a novel group of sulfate-reducing bacteria.
abstract: Magnetotactic bacteria contain magnetosomes--intracellular, membrane-bounded, magnetic nanocrystals of magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) or greigite (Fe(3)S(4))--that cause the bacteria to swim along geomagnetic field lines. We isolated a greigite-producing magnetotactic bacterium from a brackish spring in Death Valley National Park, California, USA, strain BW-1, that is able to biomineralize greigite and magnetite depending on culture conditions. A phylogenetic comparison of BW-1 and similar uncultured greigite- and/or magnetite-producing magnetotactic bacteria from freshwater to hypersaline habitats shows that these organisms represent a previously unknown group of sulfate-reducing bacteria in the Deltaproteobacteria. Genomic analysis of BW-1 reveals the presence of two different magnetosome gene clusters, suggesting that one may be responsible for greigite biomineralization and the other for magnetite.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, UMR 6191, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique Cadarache, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lefèvre
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Menguy
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: Ulysses
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lins
authors.forename: Mihály
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pósfai
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Prozorov
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pignol
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.forename: Dennis A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bazylinski
mesh_terms: D002140:California; D003460:Crystallization; D003470:Culture Media; D020564:Deltaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D060328:Magnetic Phenomena; D055944:Magnetosomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D060985:Natural Springs / Q000382:microbiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D054712:Salinity; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013431:Sulfates; D013440:Sulfides; C111959:greigite; D007501:Iron; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide