title: Pathological changes in rabbit retina and its relationship with glutamic acid after injuries from high-speed bullets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the pathological changes in rabbit retinas and the measure of glutamic acid levels in the vitreous body after suffering from high-speed bullet injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbits eyeball contusion models were established with high-speed bullets, i.e., the rabbits eyes were shot with a fixed air rifle at a speed of 90m/s (using plastic bullets, weighing 0.20122g, on average). Retinal tissues treated with HE staining and were prepared for light microscopy examination and glutamate levels were tested at different points in time after the injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Edema, exudation, hemorrhage, and rupture were evident in rabbit retinas following bullet injuries. Meanwhile, glutamate levels gradually increased as time proceeded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Visual impairment is related with retinal damages after high-speed bullet injuries. Increased glutamate concentration serves as a potential factor for aggravating retinal injuries.
authors.affiliation: Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, PLA, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Chuang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Suihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003288:Contusions / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005130:Eye Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012421:Rupture / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018698:Glutamic Acid