title: Value of repeat stimulated thyroglobulin testing in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma considered to be free of disease in the first year after ablation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma considered to be free of the disease after initial therapy, the appropriate timing or necessity of subsequent stimulated thyroglobulin (Tg) testing is uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine the value of a repeat stimulated Tg in patients considered to be free of disease 6-12 months after thyroid ablation, and also who continued to have serum Tg <1 ng/mL while on thyrotropin suppressive doses of thyroxine (T4) (Tg/T4), negative anti-Tg antibodies (TgAb), and a normal clinical examination 5 years after their initial therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study participants were 203 patients who had total thyroidectomy followed by ablation with (131)I, who were considered to be free of disease 6-12 months after ablation (stimulated Tg <2 ng/mL in the absence of TgAb and negative diagnostic whole-body scanning), who had no recurrence, and who continued to have serum Tg/T4 of <1 ng/mL, negative TgAb and a normal clinical examination 5 years after initial therapy. These patients were evaluated with repeat stimulated Tg testing after 4 weeks of T4 withdrawal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeat stimulated Tg values after 5 years were <2 ng/mL in 192 (94.6%) patients of whom 188 were <1 ng/mL. Subsequent follow-up after a mean of 102 months did not detect new cases of tumor recurrence in this subgroup. Eleven patients (5.4%) had stimulated Tg levels of >2 ng/mL. Neck ultrasonography (US) revealed metastases in three and other imaging methods detected metastases in five patients with negative US. In the other three patients, no metastases were detected initially or during follow-up. Gender, age, and tumor stage were not predictors of recurrence or elevated Tg upon repeat testing after 5 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results favor repeating stimulated Tg 5 years after ablation in patients who were initially considered to be free of disease and who continued to have Tg/T4 values of <1 ng/mL and negative TgAb tests. A negative predictive value of 100% was obtained for patients who continued to have low stimulated Tg values.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduation Program, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. pedrorosario@globo.com
authors.forename: Pedro Weslley
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Rosario
authors.forename: Mariana Souza
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Furtado
authors.forename: Augusto Flávio Campos
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mineiro Filho
authors.forename: Rafela Xavier
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Lacerda
authors.forename: Maria Regina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Calsolari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012306:Risk; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000601:surgery; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D013954:Thyroglobulin; D013974:Thyroxine