title: Tumor evasion from T cell surveillance.
abstract: An intact immune system is essential to prevent the development and progression of neoplastic cells in a process termed immune surveillance. During this process the innate and the adaptive immune systems closely cooperate and especially T cells play an important role to detect and eliminate tumor cells. Due to the mechanism of central tolerance the frequency of T cells displaying appropriate arranged tumor-peptide-specific-T-cell receptors is very low and their activation by professional antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells, is frequently hampered by insufficient costimulation resulting in peripheral tolerance. In addition, inhibitory immune circuits can impair an efficient antitumoral response of reactive T cells. It also has been demonstrated that large tumor burden can promote a state of immunosuppression that in turn can facilitate neoplastic progression. Moreover, tumor cells, which mostly are genetically instable, can gain rescue mechanisms which further impair immune surveillance by T cells. Herein, we summarize the data on how tumor cells evade T-cell immune surveillance with the focus on solid tumors and describe approaches to improve anticancer capacity of T cells.
authors.affiliation: Section Experimental Neurosurgery/Tumor Immunology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Töpfer
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kempe
authors.forename: Nadja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cartellieri
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schackert
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Temme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell