title: Normalization of cortical bone density in children and adolescents with hyperthyroidism treated with antithyroid medication.
abstract: We assessed bone size and bone density (BD) measurements using computed tomography (CT) in children and adolescents with hyperthyroidism treated with antithyroid medication. We found that cortical BD appeared to improve at 1 year and normalize at 2 years in all tested patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Our previous study demonstrated that cortical BD in children and adolescents with untreated hyperthyroidism was significantly decreased as compared to age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls. The present report evaluated whether attainment of euthyroidism by medical antithyroid treatment was able to improve or normalize cortical BD in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometrics and three-dimensional CT bone measurements including cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical bone area (CBA) and cortical BD at midshaft of the femur (cortical bone), and CSA and BD of L(1) to L(3) vertebrae (cancellous bone) in 15 children and adolescents after 1- and 2-year treatments with antithyroid medication were reviewed and compared to their pretreatment results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients were euthyroid at 1 and 2 years after medical antithyroid treatment. After adjusting for age, height, weight and Tanner stage, a significant increase in cortical BD in all patients (15/15) was found after 1 year of treatment (P < 0.001). Normalization of cortical BD was demonstrated in all tested patients (10/15) after 2 years. There were no significant changes in the other cancellous or cortical bone parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cortical BD was improved at 1 year and normalized at 2 years in hyperthyroid patients rendered euthyroid with antithyroid medication.
authors.affiliation: Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Numbenjapon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Costin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pitukcheewanont
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013956:Antithyroid Agents