title: p53 and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit independently function in regulating actin damage-induced tetraploid G1 arrest.
abstract: We previously reported that the p53 tumor suppressor protein plays an essential role in the induction of tetraploid G1 arrest in response to perturbation of the actin cytoskeleton, termed actin damage. In this study, we investigated the role of p53, ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM), and catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) in tetraploid G1 arrest induced by actin damage. Treatment with actin- damaging agents including pectenotoxin-2 (PTX-2) increases phosphorylation of Ser-15 and Ser-37 residues of p53, but not Ser-20 residue. Knockdown of ATM and DNA-PKcs do not affect p53 phosphorylation induced by actin damage. However, while ATM knockdown does not affect tetraploid G1 arrest, knockdown of DNA-PKcs not only perturbs tetraploid G1 arrest, but also results in formation of polyploidy and induction of apoptosis. These results indicate that DNA-PKcs is essential for the maintenance of actin damage induced- tetraploid G1 arrest in a p53-independent manner. Furthermore, actin damage-induced p53 expression is not observed in cells synchronized at G1/S of the cell cycle, implying that p53 induction is due to actin damage-induced tetraploidy rather than perturbation of actin cytoskeleton. Therefore, these results suggest that p53 and DNA- PKcs independently function for tetraploid G1 arrest and preventing polyploidy formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan 330-714, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Don
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: So Youn
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeongbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Deug Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology; D016193:G1 Phase; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D018942:Macrolides; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011714:Pyrans / Q000494:pharmacology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000095702:Polyether Toxins
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005663:Furans; D018942:Macrolides; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011714:Pyrans; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C098380:pectenotoxin 2; D000095702:Polyether Toxins; C576324:ATM protein, human