title: Gonadal and nongonadal FSHR and LHR dysfunction during lipopolysaccharide induced failure of blastocyst implantation in mouse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and their receptors during preimplantation days of pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PBS or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected intraperitoneally in the pregnant females on day 0.5 of pregnancy and serum, embryos, ovaries and uterine horns were collected on days 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.0, 4.125, 4.33 and 4.42 of pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the LPS-treated pregnant females, the secretion of FSH and LH is disturbed with respect to normal pregnancy. Furthermore, the expression of FSHR mRNA in embryos and ovaries, LHR mRNA in embryos and uterus get modulated in response to LPS during preimplantation days of pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The disturbance in the serum level of FSH and LH in response to LPS leads implantation failure in mouse which suggests that these gonadotropins plays an integral role in the process of the successful implantation. This study also suggests a possible nongonadal role of FSHR and LHR in LPS-induced implantation failure in the mouse.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Reproductive Immunology Laboratory, School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India. varkhaagrawal@gmail.com
authors.forename: Varkha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Mukesh Kumar
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Jaiswal
authors.forename: Yogesh Kumar
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jaiswal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011962:Receptors, FSH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014599:Uterus / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006062:Gonadotropins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011962:Receptors, FSH; D011974:Receptors, LH; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone