title: Serious psychological distress, health risk behaviors, and diabetes care among adults with type 2 diabetes: the California Health Interview Survey 2007.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between type 2 diabetes and serious psychological distress (SPD) and to assess if SPD was an independent risk factor for health risk behaviors and diabetes care among adults with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analysis was performed using the 2007 California Health Interview Survey with adults in California. Multiple logistic models were used to examine the associations between the multiple risk and outcome factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the participants, 6.9% of adults had diagnoses of type 2 diabetes. SPD was present in 7.0% of adults with diabetes but only in 3.5% of adults without diabetes. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with diabetes were significantly more likely than those without diabetes to experience SPD (OR=1.81; 95% CI=[1.3-2.5], p=0.0002), adjusting for other factors. In addition, participants with diabetes and SPD were more likely to report insufficient physical activity and more current cigarette smoking than participants without SPD. SPD among participants with diabetes, however, did not significantly affect good diabetes care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that adults with diabetes are more likely to experience SPD than adults without diabetes. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms for this association among adults with both diabetes and SPD.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Department at Elmhurst Hospital Center, 79-01 Broadway, Elmhurst, NY 11373, USA. JSHIN124@HOTMAIL.COM
authors.forename: Jinah K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Ya-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Soyeon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Heejung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002140:California; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000523:psychology*; D015438:Health Behavior; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D009043:Motor Activity; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*