title: Effects of Olig2-overexpressing neural stem cells and myelin basic protein-activated T cells on recovery from spinal cord injury.
abstract: Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a major focus of current research for treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, it is very important to promote the survival and differentiation of NSCs into myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs). In this study, myelin basic protein-activated T (MBP-T) cells were passively immunized to improve the SCI microenvironment. Olig2-overexpressing NSCs were infected with a lentivirus carrying the enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene to generate Olig2-GFP-NSCs that were transplanted into the injured site to differentiate into OLs. Transferred MBP-T cells infiltrated the injured spinal cord, produced neurotrophic factors, and induced the differentiation of resident microglia and/or infiltrating blood monocytes into an "alternatively activated" anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype by producing interleukin-13. As a result, the survival of transplanted NSCs increased fivefold in MBP-T cell-transferred rats compared with that of the vehicle-treated control. In addition, the differentiation of MBP-positive OLs increased 12-fold in Olig2-GFP-NSC-transplanted rats compared with that of GFP-NSC-transplanted controls. In the MBP-T cell and Olig2-GFP-NSC combined group, the number of OL-remyelinated axons significantly increased compared with those of all other groups. However, a significant decrease in spinal cord lesion volume and an increase in spared myelin and behavioral recovery were observed in Olig2-NSC- and NSC-transplanted MBP-T cell groups. Collectively, these results suggest that MBP-T cell adoptive immunotherapy combined with NSC transplantation has a synergistic effect on histological and behavioral improvement after traumatic SCI. Although Olig2 overexpression enhances OL differentiation and myelination, the effect on functional recovery may be surpassed by MBP-T cells.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qi-Yi
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Shan-Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jian-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: He-Zuo
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Lü
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D000076104:Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000076104:Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2; C522729:Olig2 protein, rat