title: Curing efficiency of dental resin composites formulated with camphorquinone or trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since photoinitiator systems for dental resins based on camphorquinone (CQ) present color disadvantages, trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide (TPO) has been proposed as an alternative. However, there are remaining considerations about its curing efficiency. The aims of the present investigation were: to characterize the relationship between the photoinitiator absorption spectra and the light spectrum emitted from a QTH light (absorbed power density, PD(abs)); to evaluate the kinetics of polymerization, and the depth of cure for filled dimethacrylate resins formulated with different photoinitiator systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  CQ+EDMAB (control); TPO and TPO+EDMAB were used in 50:50 Bis-GMA/TEGDMA resins. Photoinitiator absorption and QTH-light emission were evaluated using a spectrophotometer and kinetics of polymerization with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (n=3). Depth of cure was analyzed by the scraping method (n=5), as recommended by ISO4049. One-way ANOVA/Tukey's (p<0.05) was used to analyze the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CQ presented higher PD(abs) than TPO (364 and 223 mW/cm(3), respectively). The DSC revealed that TPO and TPO+EDMAB produced a faster reaction than CQ+EDMAB. Composite formulated with CQ+EDMAB produced higher depth of cure (6.3±0.4 mm) than those with TPO (4.3±0.1) or TPO+EDMAB (4.2±0.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although CQ presented higher PD(abs) than TPO, formulations containing TPO exhibited higher reactivity than that with CQ. On the other hand, materials formulated with TPO demonstrated lower depth of cure than that with CQ. Therefore, its use as an alternative photoinitiator requires further investigation, with higher concentrations.
authors.affiliation: LaBiom-R, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. felipefop@gmail.com
authors.forename: Luis Felipe J
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Larissa Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cavalcante
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Prahl
authors.forename: Carmem S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
authors.forename: Jack L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ferracane
mesh_terms: D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental; D006244:Hardness; D007700:Kinetics; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; D008422:Materials Testing; D010720:Phosphines; D058567:Photoinitiators, Dental; D058105:Polymerization; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013729:Terpenes
chemical_list: C520678:(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide; D003188:Composite Resins; D010720:Phosphines; D058567:Photoinitiators, Dental; D013729:Terpenes; C048339:camphoroquinone