title: Glycation promotes the formation of genotoxic aggregates in glucose oxidase.
abstract: This study investigates the effect of pentose sugars (ribose and arabinose) on the structural and chemical modifications in glucose oxidase (GOD) as well as genotoxic potential of this modified form. An intermediate state of GOD was observed on day 12 of incubation having CD minima peaks at 222 and 208 nm, characteristic of α-helix and a few tertiary contacts with altered tryptophan environment and high ANS binding. All these features indicate the existence of molten globule state of the GOD with ribose and arabinose on day 12. GOD on day 15 of incubation forms β structures as revealed by CD and FTIR which may be due to its aggregation. Furthermore, GOD on day 15 showed a remarkable increase in Thioflavin T fluorescence at 485 nm. Comet assay of lymphocytes and plasmid nicking assay in presence of glycated GOD show DNA damage which confirmed the genotoxicity of advance glycated end products. Hence, our study suggests that glycated GOD results in the formation of aggregates and the advanced glycated end products, which are genotoxic in nature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.
authors.forename: Taqi Ahmed
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Samreen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amani
authors.forename: Aabgeena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naeem
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D001089:Arabinose / Q000737:chemistry; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000201:enzymology; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D053960:DNA Breaks; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012266:Ribose / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D012266:Ribose; D001089:Arabinose; D005949:Glucose Oxidase