title: Paying substance abusers in research studies: where does the money go?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research involving substance-abusing participants is often hindered by low rates of recruitment and retention. Research suggests that monetary payment or remuneration can be an effective strategy to overcome these obstacles.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article provides a brief overview of these issues and provides data reflecting how substance-abusing participants in several of our studies used their baseline and follow-up payments. We also present research findings related to how the mode of payment (i.e., cash, check, gift card) may affect how payments are used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, our findings suggest that participants use their research payments in a responsible and safe manner. Limitations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Section of Law and Ethics, Treatment Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19106-3414, USA. dfestinger@tresearch.org
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Festinger
authors.forename: Karen Leggett
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Dugosh
mesh_terms: D055030:Drug Users / Q000523:psychology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D060926:Remuneration; D012106:Research / Q000191:economics*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology