title: Randomized controlled trial on the effects of a combined sleep hygiene education and behavioral approach program on sleep quality in workers with insomnia.
abstract: To evaluate the effects of a combined sleep hygiene education and behavioral approach program on sleep quality in workers with insomnia, we conducted a randomized controlled trial at a design engineering unit in Japan. Employees evaluated for insomnia by the Athens Insomnia Scale (≥6 points) were divided into an intervention and control group. The intervention group received a short-term intervention (30 min) program that included sleep hygiene education and behavioral approaches (relaxation training, stimulus control, and sleep restriction) performed by occupational health professionals. We calculated differences in change in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores between the two groups from baseline to three months after the start of intervention after adjusting for gender, age, job title, job category, average number of hours of overtime during the study period, marital status, smoking habit, average number of days of alcohol consumption per week, exercise habits, K6 score, and baseline PSQI score. Results showed that the average PSQI score decreased by 1.0 in the intervention group but increased by 0.9 in the control group. Additionally, the difference in variation between the two groups was 1.9 (95% confidence interval: 0.6 to 3.4), which was significant. Taken together, these results indicate that the intervention program significantly improved the sleep quality of workers with insomnia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Mental Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kitasoto1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan. akiko.kaku@hitachi.com
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaku
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishinoue
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Risa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: Noritada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Katsutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016272:Occupational Health; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome