title: Manualized treatment programs for FSD: research challenges and recommendations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of manualized treatment programs offers a useful research framework for assessing psychotherapeutic interventions for female sexual dysfunctions (FSDs), but it does not address all issues related to methodological rigor and replication, and raises new research issues in need of discussion.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goals of this manuscript are to review the literature on treatment trials utilizing manualized psychotherapy treatments for FSD and to explore the benefits and research issues associated with the flexible use of treatment manuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  The method used was the review of the relevant literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While the use of manualized treatments for FSDs can address certain methodological issues inherent in psychotherapy research, flexibility in manual administration is necessary in order to allow tailoring for individual needs that can be beneficial to both the participant and the research. The flexible use of manuals, as opposed to strict manual adherence, may also be more relevant for clinical utility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In order to administer manualized treatments for FSDs with appropriate flexibility, while also maximizing internal validity and replicability, the authors recommend that predetermined decision rules be utilized to guide individual tailoring, that potential gaps in the manual be identified and addressed, and that differing levels of motivation and readiness for treatment be taken into consideration in the treatment protocol.
authors.affiliation: Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hucker
authors.forename: Marita P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: McCabe
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008418:Masturbation; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000628:therapy*; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000628:therapy*