title: Foenumoside B from Lysimachia foenum-graecum inhibits adipocyte differentiation and obesity induced by high-fat diet.
abstract: We have previously reported anti-obesity effects of Lysimachia foenum-graecum in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity model. Here we isolated a triterpene saponin foenumoside B as an active component of L. foenum-graecum. Foenumoside B blocked the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 0.2 μg/ml in adipogenesis assay and suppressed the induction of PPARγ, the master regulator of adipogenesis. Foenumoside B induced the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and modulated the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism towards lipid breakdown in differentiated adipocytes. In mouse model, oral administration of foenumoside B (10mg/kg/day for 6 weeks) reduced HFD-induced body weight gain significantly without affecting food intake. Treatment of foenumoside B suppressed lipid accumulation in white adipose tissues and the liver, and lowered blood levels of glucose, triglycerides, ALT, and AST in HFD-induced obese mice. Consistent with the in vitro results, foenumoside B activated AMPK signaling, suppressed the expression of lipogenic genes, and enhanced the expression of lipolytic genes in vivo. Foenumoside B also blocked HFD-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in adipose tissue, suggesting its protective role against insulin resistance. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that foenumoside B represents the anti-obesity effects of L. foenum-graecum, and suggest therapeutic potential of foenumoside B in obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases.
authors.affiliation: R&D Center, BRN Science Co. Ltd., Biotechnology Incubation Center, Golden Helix, San 56-1, Sillim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Bae
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Sang Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sung Sik
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Hyun Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun-Wook
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Dong-Seung
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Seen
authors.forename: Jae-Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Tae Gyu
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D029623:Primulaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D012503:Saponins; C570547:foenumoside B; D011494:Protein Kinases; D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases