title: Isolation and characterization of heavy-metal-mobilizing bacteria from contaminated soils and their potential in promoting Pb, Cu, and Cd accumulation by  Coprinus comatus.
abstract: The enhanced effect of heavy-metal-mobilizing bacteria on the uptake of Pb, Cu, and Cd by  Coprinus comatus  from Pb-, Cu-, and Cd-multicontaminated soil was assessed in this study. Thirteen strains, tolerating 800 mg·L(-1) Pb, 200 mg·L(-1) Cu, and 200 mg·L(-1) Cd simultaneously were selected for heavy-metal-solubilizing experiments in soil. The mobilization of heavy metals depended on the characteristics of bacteria and heavy metals. Correlation analysis demonstrated that for Pb solubilization, the acid-producing ability was the most significant factor, while for Cu and Cd, siderophores played a leading role in this process. Four strains, based on their excellent ability to solubilize heavy metal in soil, were applied in pot experiments. The results showed that all strains can promote the growth of C. comatus and meanwhile help mushroom accumulate more heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Cu). The maximum uptake for total Pb and Cu by C. comatus was observed in inoculations with  Bacillus  sp. strain JSG1 (2.02- and 2.13-fold, respectively, compared with uninoculated soil), while for Cd, it was recorded in Bacillus sp. strain PB2 treated soil (2.03-fold). Therefore, this work suggests that the mushroom-bacteria interaction can be developed into a novel bioremediation strategy.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Bio-resources and Eco-environment of Education Ministry, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Bing
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003302:Coprinus / Q000378:metabolism*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism*; D056265:Microbial Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012989:Soil Pollutants