title: Two cases of hemorrhagic diarrhea caused by Cronobacter sakazakii in hospitalized nursing infants associated with the consumption of powdered infant formula.
abstract: Two cases of acute gastroenteritis occurred in 5-month-old infants hospitalized in a mother-and-child hospital in Queretaro, Mexico, on 24 January 2010. C. sakazakii was recovered from the powdered infant formula (PIF), rehydrated PIF (R-PIF) fed to infants, and their fecal samples.  The microorganism was present at levels of 0.33 most probable number (MPN)/g and 24 MPN/ml in PIF and R-PIF, respectively. The total ingested dose for the day before the onset of the diarrheic syndrome ranged between 2,160 and 3,600 MPN/ml. All strains of C. sakazakii recovered from  the three sources (R-PIF, PIF, and fecal matter) showed identical biotypes, adhesion and invasiveness factors, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. No deaths were observed. Salmonella, Shigella, and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were not found in food or fecal samples.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Querétaro, 76010, México.
authors.forename: J Parra
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: S Arvizu
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Medrano
authors.forename: J Silva
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández-Escartín
mesh_terms: D044083:Cronobacter sakazakii / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food / Q000382:microbiology*; D041943:Infant Formula; D008297:Male