title: [Treatment of renal cell carcinoma associated with vena inferior cava tumor thrombus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Follow-up and review of patients who underwent surgery for renal cell cancer combined with tumor thrombus of the inferior vena cava at the Department of Urology Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
  
  
  METHODS
  From l998 to 2010 twenty one patients underwent surgery for renal cell cancer combined with tumor thrombus of the inferior caval vein. Preoperative symptoms, TNM classification of the tumors, types of surgical interventions, complications, postoperative management and survival results were involved in the analysis. Mean follow-up period was 39 months, ranging from 3 to 101 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In five cases of level 3 thrombi the liver was mobilized without thoracotomy, and endoluminar occlusion was applied in one case. Intraoperative mortality was 9,5%. Survival time of patients with distant metastases was 12.1 months (3-9). Three patients without metastases died in the follow up period, their survival time was 26.7 months ranging from 22 to 31 months. Eight patients (73%) were alive at the time of the last follow-up. The mean survival time was 5.6 years ranging from 39 to 101 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results support that level 3 caval vein tumor thrombus can be removed by less aggressive surgical approach and underline the benefit of the surgical intervention without thoracotomy.
authors.affiliation: Semmelweis Egyetem I. sz. Sebészeti Klinika, Budapest. nagyz56@t-online.hu
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pánovics
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harsányi
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szendröi
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szücs
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romics
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods; D012086:Reoperation; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013908:Thoracotomy; D017131:Thrombectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000601:surgery*; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*