title: Is intracytoplasmic sperm injection overused?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined whether the use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection in couples who previously underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles elsewhere could be decreased without compromising the pregnancy rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  At our university in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer center we retrospectively analyzed the records of 149 fresh, in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer cycles in patients who underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection elsewhere and subsequent fertilization by insemination only (all insemination group) or half insemination and half intracytoplasmic sperm injection at our center. We compared fertilization, implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fertilization rate was 74% and 73% for the all insemination and the half intracytoplasmic sperm injection groups, respectively. In the latter group 69% of inseminated and 78% of intracytoplasmic sperm injected oocytes were fertilized. No cycle showed complete fertilization failure. No statistically significant difference in the live birth rate was found between the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More stringent criteria for intracytoplasmic sperm injection do not compromise the clinical outcome and reasonable fertilization can be achieved whether or not intracytoplasmic sperm injection is performed. Thus, although intracytoplasmic sperm injection is one of the greatest advances in our field, it is overused and should only be done for clinically proven indications.
authors.affiliation: New York University Fertility Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. hodesb01@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Brooke
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hodes-Wertz
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mullin
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noyes
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Grifo
authors.forename: Alan S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Berkeley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*