title: Effects of thyroid hormone analogue and a leukotrienes pathway-blocker on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute renal failure (ARF) is an important clinical problem with a high mortality and morbidity. One of the primary causes of ARF is ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Inflammatory process and oxidative stress are thought to be the major mechanisms causing I/R. MK-886 is a potent inhibitor of leukotrienes biosynthesis which may have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) infiltration into renal tissues. 3, 5-diiodothyropropionic acid (DITPA) have evidences of improving effects on I/R in heart through modulation of cellular signaling in response to ischemic stress. The objective of present study was to assess the effects of MK-886 and DITPA on renal I/R injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 Adult males of Swiss albino mice were randomized to four groups: I/R group (n = 6), mice underwent 30 minute bilateral renal ischemia and 48 hr reperfusion. Sham group (n = 6), mice underwent same anesthetic and surgical procedures except for ischemia induction. MK-886-treated group: (n = 6), I/R + MK-886 (6 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection. DITPA-treated group: (n = 6), I/R + DITPA (3.75 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection.After the end of reperfusion phase mice were sacrificed, blood samples were collected directly from the heart for determination of serum TNF-a, IL-6, urea and Creatinine. Both kidney were excised, the right one homogenized for oxidative stress parameters (MDA and GSH) measurements and the left kidney fixed in formalin for histological examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum TNF-α, IL-6, urea and Creatinine, kidney MDA levels and scores of histopathological changes were significantly (P < 0.05) elevated in I/R group as compared with that of sham group. Kidney GSH level was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in I/R group as compared with that of sham group. MK-886 treated group has significantly (P < 0.05) lowered levels of all study parameters except for GSH level which was significantly (P < 0.05) higher as compared with that of I/R group. DITPA caused non-significant (P > 0.05) changes in levels of all study parameters as compared with that of I/R group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study show that MK-886 significantly ameliorated kidney damage that resulted from I/R. For DITPA, as its administration might not be successful, administration using a different protocol may give different effects on I/R.
authors.affiliation: Department of pharmacology and therapeutics, Kufa medical college, Najaf, Iraq.
authors.forename: Najah R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Hadi
authors.forename: Fadhil G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Al-amran
authors.forename: Ayad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hussein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004104:Diiodothyronines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011422:Propionates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D002722:Chlorobenzenes
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004104:Diiodothyronines; D007211:Indoles; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D011422:Propionates; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; C060893:MK-886; D002722:Chlorobenzenes; C082182:3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid