title: Reforming science: structural reforms.
abstract: Science has a critical role to play in addressing humanity's most important challenges in the twenty-first century. However, the contemporary scientific enterprise has developed in ways that prevent it from reaching maximum effectiveness and detract from the appeal of a research career. To be effective, the methodological and culture reforms discussed in the accompanying essay must be accompanied by fundamental structural reforms that include a renewed vigorous societal investment in science and scientists.
authors.forename: Ferric C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casadevall
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D004465:Economic Competition; D006801:Humans; D012586:Science / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States