title: Image optimization during endovascular aneurysm repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this review are to examine various properties of the fluoroscopic imaging equipment used during endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) that can be modified to reduce radiation dose while optimizing image acquisition and display, to detail geometric aspects of EVAR intraprocedural imaging used to achieve consistently optimal EVAR results, and to describe acquisition parameters and strategies for minimizing contrast-induced nephropathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The outcome of EVAR is strongly linked to image acquisition and interpretation, including the preprocedural, intraprocedural, and postprocedural display of relevant vascular anatomy, positions and configurations of the endograft components, and documentation of successful aneurysm exclusion. Operator familiarity with the imaging equipment, radiation and contrast dose reduction strategies, and image optimization techniques strongly influence the outcome of EVAR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, GRB 290A, Boston, MA 02116, USA. TGWalker@partners.org
authors.forename: T Gregory
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Sanjeeva P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kalva
authors.forename: Suvranu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ganguli
authors.forename: Rahmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Öklü
authors.forename: Gloria M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Arthur C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Waltman
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wicky
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000379:methods*; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media