title: Circulating lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) as a marker of obesity-related insulin resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) is a 65-kDa acute-phase protein present in blood at high concentrations, known to be derived from the liver. We aimed to gain insights into the association of circulating LBP with insulin resistance in humans and mice. METHODS, DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS: We studied the cross-sectional (n=222) and weight loss-induced (n=34) associations of LBP (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) with inflammatory and metabolic parameters (including minimal model-measured insulin sensitivity), and the effects of high-fat diet (HFD), metformin and genetic insulin sensitization (glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor knockout model) in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating LBP concentration was significantly increased in subjects with type 2 diabetes and dramatically increased in subjects with morbid obesity. LBP was significantly associated with insulin sensitivity and different inflammatory markers and decreased after weight loss (22.2 ± 5.8 vs 16.2 ± 9.3 μg ml(-1), P<0.0001) in association with changes in body mass index and insulin sensitivity. Circulating LBP concentration was increased in HFD mice, whereas decreased in glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor knockout mice (significantly more insulin sensitive than wild-type mice) and after metformin administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LBP is an inflammatory marker associated with obesity-related insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moreno-Navarrete
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serino
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luche
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waget
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pardo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ricart
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frühbeck
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burcelin
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fernández-Real
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D013030:Spain; D015431:Weight Loss; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein