title: Evaluation of coamoxiclav and other antibiotics against S pneumoniae and H influenae from paediatric cases of acute respiratory infections.
abstract: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are most important respiratory pathogens with increasing antimicrobial resistance among the key pathogens responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections and have the potential to limit the effectiveness of antibiotics available to treat these infections. In the present study, a total of 18 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and 9 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae were characterised from specimens obtained from patients of acute respiratory tract infections including otitis media, tonsillitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and sinusitis. In the present study, all the Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were sensitive to coamoxiclav and to cefixime, while they showed variable resistance to the other antibiotics screened. The degree of resistance to various antibiotics was as follows: Streptococcus pneumoniae showed resistance to cotrimoxazole (66.7%), azithromycin (55.6%), erythromycin (16.7%), chloramphenicol (16.7%), clindamycin (11.1%) and penicillin (11.1%). Haemophilus influenzae showed resistance to cefixime 100%, chloramphenicol 88.9%, penicillin 77.8%, erythromycin 77.8%, cefuroxime 77.8%, azithromycin 77.8%, and clindamycin 11.1%. The present study showed the emergence of variable resistance to penicillin, cotrimoxazole and other antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Dr ALM Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Madras, Chennai 600113.
authors.forename: Padma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajendran
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sambandan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anitha
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Chavda
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Khobragade
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination