title: Volatiles of two growth-inhibiting rhizobacteria commonly engage AtWRKY18 function.
abstract: Interactions with the (a)biotic environment play key roles in a plant's fitness and vitality. In addition to direct surface-to-surface contact, volatile chemicals can also affect the physiology of organism. Volatiles of Serratia plymuthica and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia significantly inhibited growth and induced H(2) O(2) production in Arabidopsis in dual culture. Within 1 day, transcriptional changes were observed by promoter-GUS assays using a stress-inducible W-box-containing 4xGST1 construct. Expression studies performed at 6, 12 and 24 h revealed altered transcript levels for 889 genes and 655 genes in response to Se. plymuthica or St. maltophilia volatiles, respectively. Expression of 162 genes was altered in both treatments. Meta-analysis revealed that specifically volatile-responsive genes were significantly overlapping with those affected by abiotic stress. We use the term mVAMP (microbial volatile-associated molecular pattern) to describe these volatile-specific responses. Genes responsive to both treatments were enriched for W-box motifs in their promoters, and were significantly enriched for transcription factors (ERF2, ZAT10, MYB73 and WRKY18). The susceptibility of wrky18 mutant lines to volatiles was significantly delayed, suggesting an indispensable role for WRKY18 in bacterial volatile responses.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, University of Rostock, Albert Einstein Straße 3, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wenke
authors.forename: Dierk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wanke
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kilian
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berendzen
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harter
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piechulla
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018548:Cotyledon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D059372:Nucleotide Motifs; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D012705:Serratia / Q000737:chemistry*; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000737:chemistry*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018749:RNA, Plant; D014157:Transcription Factors; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C464509:WRKY18 protein, Arabidopsis; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide