title: Lower lip suspension using bilateral temporalis muscle flaps and fascia lata grafts.
abstract: Oral incompetence following composite reconstruction of total and subtotal lower lip defects without any functioning lower lip muscle is a difficult problem for reconstructive surgeons. The authors retrospectively reviewed the use of a novel bilateral temporalis suspension technique for oral incompetence following lower lip reconstruction over a 10-year period. The timing of the reconstruction, cause of the defect, period of follow-up, and any complications were noted. Three cases of lower lip resuspension using bilateral temporalis flaps and fascia lata grafts were performed from 2000 to 2010. Two cases were secondary to burn trauma and one was from ballistic trauma. All patients underwent traditional means of reconstruction using free microvascular composite tissue transfer with and without fascial slings. All three patients presented with persistent lower lip incompetence. The average interval between the initial reconstructive operations and the resuspension operations was 1.6 years. All patients achieved dynamic oral competence at the first postoperative visit. At a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, all patients had maintained lower lip function. Dynamic lower lip resuspension with bilateral temporalis flaps and fascia lata grafts is an option for refractory lower lip drooping following total and subtotal loss, especially after conventional static reconstruction and without any functional orbicularis muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic, V.
authors.affiliation: Fort Sam Houston, Texas; Boston, Mass.; and Virginia Beach, Va. From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and the Clinical Division and Burn Center, Brooke Army Medical Center.
authors.forename: Rodney K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Branko
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bojovic
authors.forename: Simon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Talbot
authors.forename: Denton
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Julian J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pribaz
mesh_terms: D002056:Burns / Q000601:surgery; D005151:Facial Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005206:Fascia Lata / Q000637:transplantation; D058752:Free Tissue Flaps; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation; D013524:Surgical Flaps