title: Vitamin B₆ supplementation in pregnant women with nausea and vomiting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether supplementation with vitamin B(6) improves nausea and/or vomiting in pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This experimental study was conducted with 60 pregnant women experiencing nausea and/or vomiting prior to the 12th gestational week. Of these women, 30 were treated daily with 10mg and the remaining 30 with 1.28 mg of pyridoxine hydrochloride for 2 weeks. The primary outcome was the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea (PUQE) score in each group at the end of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The women experiencing nausea and/or vomiting in pregnancy had significantly lower levels of circulating vitamin B(6) (P=0.007) compared with those without this symptom. Vitamin B(6) supplementation significantly increased plasma vitamin B(6) concentration (P<0.05 in both groups). There were no significant differences in PUQE score or in plasma concentration levels of protein, dopamine, serotonin, unconjugated estriol, and ghrelin after supplementation between the 2 groups at baseline, but there was a significantly lesser decrease in PUQE score and a greater increase in vitamin B(6) level and vitamin B(6) concentration to plasma protein concentration ratios in group 1 than in group 2 after supplementation (P<0.05 for all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the high-supplementation group had a greater decrease in PUQE score in comparison to the low-supplementation group, the difference is unlikely to affect the severity of symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Noroyono
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wibowo
authors.forename: Yuditiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Purwosunu
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sekizawa
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tambunan
authors.forename: Saptawati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bardosono
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D048968:Morning Sickness / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D025101:Vitamin B 6 / Q000097:blood; D026681:Vitamin B 6 Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D025101:Vitamin B 6; D011736:Pyridoxine