title: Spectrum of neurocognitive dysfunction in Indian population on FDG PET/CT imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A variety of neurodegenerative disorders produce significant abnormal brain function which can be detected using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) scan even when structural changes are not detected on CT or MRI Scan. A study was undertaken at our institute to evaluate the FDG PET/CT findings in Indian population suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), fronto-temporal dementia (FTD), dementia with lewy body disease (DLBD) and other miscellaneous causes of dementia.
  
  
  METHODS
  117 subjects having neurocognitive deficits and 36 normals were included in our study. All patients underwent a detailed history and clinical examination. This was followed by a mini mental state examination. Subsequently an FDG brain PET scan and an MRI were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the patient population included in our study group 36 were normal, 39 had MCI, 40 had AD, 14 had FTD, and 13 had DLBD and 11 dementia due to other miscellaneous causes. MCI patients showed primarily reduced tracer uptake in the mesio-temporal cortex. AD patients showed reduced tracer concentration in temporo-parietal lobes, while patients with advanced diseases showed frontal lobe disease additionally. In subjects of FTD, reduced radiotracer uptake in the fronto-temporal lobes was noted. In addition, FTD patients also showed basal ganglia defects. In contrast the DLBD patients showed globally reduced FDG uptake including severely affecting the occipital cortices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the current study the F18-FDG PET scans have been shown to be highly useful in the diagnosis of various neurocognitive disorders of the brain. AD was found to be the most common dementia in the Indian population followed by MCI. Diffuse Lewy body disease, FTD and other miscellaneous categories of dementia had a near similar incidence.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pet Imaging, Molecular Imaging Research Center, INMAS, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rajnish
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Madhavi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: Maria M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: D'Souza
authors.forename: Abhinav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaimini
authors.forename: Raunak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varshney
authors.forename: Puja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panwar
authors.forename: Aruna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaushik
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saw
authors.forename: Romana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seher
authors.forename: Santosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Yachna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Solanki
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.forename: Rp
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tripathi