title: In vitro toxicity, antiplatelet and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of Buddleja thyrsoides Lam. leaves.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder resulting in impaired memory and behaviour of remarkable socio-economic impact. A decrease in cholinergic activity is a key event in the biochemical of AD. Buddleja thyrsoides is a plant widely distributed in Southern parts of South America. In Brazilian traditional medicine, the infusion of its leaves and flowers is used for the treatment of bronchitis and cough. Crude ethanolic (70%) extract and fractions (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanolic) were investigated regarding their toxicities in vitro and antiplatelet action. The enzyme acetylcholinesterase inhibition was evaluated to study the crude extract. The crude extract and fractions were evaluated by means of Brine Shrimp Lethality test and they showed low activities with LC(50) values 1698, 2818, 2187 and 3672 µg mL(-1) for dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanolic fractions and crude extract, respectively. Buddleja thyrsoides presented great antiplatelet action. The IC(50) values obtained for crude extract and dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanolic fractions were 361.29, 354.23, 368.75 and 344.30, respectively, while the IC(50) for the standard AAS was 257.01 µg mL(-1). The crude extract showed an inhibition of 22.8% of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in 24 h.
authors.affiliation: Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Janaína Dorneles
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mahlke
authors.forename: Aline Augusti
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boligon
authors.forename: Michel Mansur
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Margareth Linde
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Athayde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D001938:Brazil; D032861:Buddleja / Q000737:chemistry*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors