title: Dynamics of Vulmar/VulMITE group of transposable elements in Chenopodiaceae subfamily Betoideae.
abstract: Transposable elements are important factors driving plant genome evolution. Upon their mobilization, novel insertion polymorphisms are being created. We investigated differences in copy number and insertion polymorphism of a group of Mariner-like transposable elements Vulmar and related VulMITE miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) in species representing subfamily Betoideae. Insertion sites of these elements were identified using a modified transposon display protocol, allowing amplification of longer fragments representing regions flanking insertion sites. Subsequently, a subset of TD fragments was converted into insertion site-based polymorphism (ISBP) markers. The investigated group of transposable elements was the most abundant in accessions representing the section Beta, showing intraspecific insertion polymorphisms likely resulting from their recent activity. In contrast, no unique insertions were observed for species of the genus Beta section Corollinae, while a set of section-specific insertions was observed in the genus Patellifolia, however, only two of them were polymorphic between P. procumbens and P. webbiana. We hypothesize that Vulmar and VulMITE elements were inactivated in the section Corollinae, while they remained active in the section Beta and the genus Patellifolia. The ISBP markers generally confirmed the insertion patterns observed with TD markers, including presence of distinct subsets of TE insertions specific to Beta and Patellifolia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding, and Seed Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Poland. dgrzebel@ogr.ar.krakow.pl
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grzebelus
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stawujak
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitoraj
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szklarczyk
mesh_terms: D027703:Amaranthaceae / Q000235:genetics*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics*; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D018744:DNA, Plant; D005819:Genetic Markers