title: [Sequential changes in inflammatory and stress responses during 24-hour running].
abstract: Running for an extended period of time can cause severe stress on the body, subsequently damaging skeletal muscle and resulting in changes in blood components. However, few reports have examined vital responses during and after running. This study analyzed inflammatory responses during and after running and changes in stress responses as determined by serial changes in blood components. Venous blood was obtained before starting, 6 h after starting, 12 h after starting, and immediately after finishing 24 h of continuous running. Samples were analyzed for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), pentraxin 3 (ptx3), white blood cells (WBC), myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK), and hormones. Diet and physical activity were standardized 24 h before and after running. Subjects comprised 16 men who agreed to participate in experimental running on November 8 and 9, 2008, at Tokyo Gakugei University. Mean running distance was 151.32 +/- 32.1 km (range, 83.6-210.0 km) in 24 h. A significant increase in hsCRP was seen from 12 h after starting to completion. Compared to hsCRP, ptx3 gradually increased from before starting to after completion, showing a significant difference between pre and post-run ptx3 levels. WBC count increased significantly until 6 h after starting. Neutrophils in leukocytosis increased significantly during the first 6 h. Eosinophils decreased significantly over the course of the 24 h. Cortisol increased, and testosterone decreased significantly from 6 h after starting. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), myoglobin, and CK increased over the course of the 24 h. Reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) changed within the normal range though there was a significant decrease, and biological anti-oxidant potential (BAP) stabilized. Active natural killer cells decreased significantly after 24 h running. Biopyrrin (BPn) increased significantly. Changes in stress oxide were small both during and after running, and adaptation for antioxidation was good. DHEAS, a biomarker of aging, was found to increase over the course of the 24 h, suggesting that controlling decreases in DHEA-S may be possible using exercise, particularly in males. The key finding was that DHEA S levels tended to increase with continuous aerobic exercise.
authors.affiliation: Corresponding author: Tomomi SHIMIZU, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Yokohama, Kanagawa 225-8502, Japan. tshimizu@cc.toin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Ryuuzou
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Andou
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okuta
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawana
authors.forename: Yui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Namikawa
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Makino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D000099153:Pentraxins