title: Myringoplasty in children with cleft palate and craniofacial anomaly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Analyze the anatomical and audiological success rates of myringoplasty in children with craniofacial anomaly, cleft palate and compare them to a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of medical records for all children who underwent myringoplasty between 1997 and 2007. The following data was recorded: sex, age, perforation side, size, location and etiology, surgical approach, type of myringoplasty, graft material, season of surgery, preoperative status of the operated and contralateral ear, history of previous otologic surgery, and adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myringoplasty outcomes of 22 craniofacial anomaly patients (15/22 were cleft palate patients) were compared to 144 controls. Children in the craniofacial anomaly group demonstrated a tendency towards surgery at an older age. Children in the craniofacial anomaly and cleft palate groups had a significant positive history of previous otologic procedures to both operated and contralateral ears. Peroperative subannular ventilation T-tubes were more frequently recorded in patients with craniofacial anomaly than patients in the control group. The craniofacial anomaly, cleft palate and control group had comparable mean preoperative and postoperative ABG and their ABG improvement was statistically significant. Children with craniofacial anomaly, cleft palate and control group shared similar anatomical and audiological success rates (ABG<20 dB) at 6, 12 and 24 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although children in the craniofacial anomaly and cleft palate groups are predisposed to middle ear disease, their disease responds well to surgical intervention. Their audiological and anatomical success rates were equivalent to the ones observed in the control group. In light of our results, we recommend that myringoplasty in children with craniofacial anomaly and cleft palate be performed after the age of 12.
authors.affiliation: CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175, Côte Sainte-Catherine, Service ORL, Montréal (Qc) H3T 1C5, Canada.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knapik
authors.forename: Issam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saliba
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001299:Audiometry / Q000379:methods; D001844:Bone Conduction / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D009225:Myringoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery