title: Review on regulation of inwardly rectifying potassium channels.
abstract: An inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir) is a kind of protein complex that is widely expressed on excitable and nonexcitable cell membranes. Kir channels serve important roles in cellular physiology such as cell excitability and K+ homeostasis. The Kirs (KIR1-7) are regulated by many factors: phosphatidylinosital-4, 5-bisphosphate (PIP2), ATP, or G-proteins. Other factors like polyamines, kinases, pH, and Na+ ions act cooperatively to modulate Kir channels. Different types and specific distributions of KIR channels determine the diversity of regulatory mechanisms. This review provides insight into Kir channel regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Junshuai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuancheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ning
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000378:metabolism*; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary
chemical_list: D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols; D011073:Polyamines; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins