title: Development of chitosan-based ondansetron buccal delivery system for the treatment of emesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For the buccal drug delivery, chitosan (CS) can be used to improve drug absorption and reduce application frequency and drug amount. The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate mucoadhesive ondansetron buccal films for the treatment of emesis using CS as a mucoadhesive polymer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The film prepared by solvent casting method was comprised of ondansetron (approximately 65 μg)-loaded mucoadhesive gels containing 1, 2 or 3% CS and impermeable backing layer. Rheological property of the gels, physiochemical properties of the films (weight, thickness, drug content, swelling ratio, adhesion time and mucoadhesive force) and in vitro ondansetron release profile from the films were determined to evaluate the formulation. The films containing 3% CS (diameter: 0.5 cm; thickness: 170 μm) was selected as the novel formulation, and were used for the in vivo study. Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of ondansetron with this film and oral solution were performed at the same dose in hamsters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values of T(max) and C(max) of the film and oral solution were similar. However, the half-life, mean residence time and AUC(0-24 h) of the film were about 1.7, 1.4 and 2.0-fold higher than those of the oral solution, respectively. The film showed enhanced bioavailability and prolonged efficacy compared to the oral solution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mucoadhesive ondansetron buccal film may be a potential alternative to the marketed oral formulation, parenterals and solid suppositories with better patient compliance and higher bioavailability for the treatment of emesis.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Min
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yun-Kyoung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jun-Pil
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.forename: Hyung Tae
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chong-Kook
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000268:Adhesiveness; D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000818:Animals; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001682:Biological Availability; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D005782:Gels; D006207:Half-Life; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000737:chemistry*; D058831:Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012995:Solubility; D014839:Vomiting / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D005079:Excipients; D005782:Gels; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D058831:Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists; D017294:Ondansetron; D048271:Chitosan