title: Carboplatin-gemcitabine combination chemotherapy upregulates AKR1B10 expression in bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  AKR1B10 is considered to contribute to cell proliferation and chemoresistance. In the present study, we examined whether AKR1B10 expression is associated with disease-free survival in bladder cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained bladder cancer specimens from 10 patients before and after chemotherapy and measured AKR1B10 mRNA levels using real-time PCR. In addition, we conducted an immunohistochemical examination of AKR1B10 expression in 57 patients with bladder cancer before and after chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AKR1B10 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the post-chemotherapy group than in the pre-chemotherapy group (p < 0.001). The average immunohistochemical intensity score in the pre-chemotherapy group was 0.83 ± 1.08, compared with the significantly higher score of 2.03 ± 1.03 in the post-chemotherapy group (p < 0.001). The disease-free survival rate of post-chemotherapy AKR1B10(+) patients (61.2%) was significantly lower than that of AKR1B10(-) patients (100%) (log-rank test, p = 0.039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the present study is small and preliminary, our data suggest that post-chemotherapy AKR1B10 expression may be associated with a poor prognosis in patients who received carboplatin-gemcitabine combination chemotherapy and underwent cystectomy. Further study is warranted to elucidate its clinical significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucyo, Hirosaki, 036-8243, Japan. bikkuri@opal.plala.or.jp
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tokui
authors.forename: Teppei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneyama
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koie
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamimura
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohyama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000235:genetics*; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015653:Cystectomy; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D016190:Carboplatin; C120471:AKR1B10 protein, human; D000074408:Aldo-Keto Reductases; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D000093542:Gemcitabine