title: Topological anisotropy of stone-wales waves in graphenic fragments.
abstract: Stone-Wales operators interchange four adjacent hexagons with two pentagon-heptagon 5|7 pairs that, graphically, may be iteratively propagated in the graphene layer, originating a new interesting structural defect called here Stone-Wales wave. By minimization, the Wiener index topological invariant evidences a marked anisotropy of the Stone-Wales defects that, topologically, are in fact preferably generated and propagated along the diagonal of the graphenic fragments, including carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoribbons. This peculiar edge-effect is shown in this paper having a predominant topological origin, leaving to future experimental investigations the task of verifying the occurrence in nature of wave-like defects similar to the ones proposed here. Graph-theoretical tools used in this paper for the generation and the propagation of the Stone-Wales defects waves are applicable to investigate isomeric modifications of chemical structures with various dimensionality like fullerenes, nanotubes, graphenic layers, schwarzites, zeolites.
authors.affiliation: Actinium Chemical Research, Via Casilina 1626/A, 00133 Rome, Italy; E-Mail:  franco.cataldo@fastwebnet.it.
authors.forename: Ottorino
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ori
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cataldo
authors.forename: Mihai V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Putz
mesh_terms: D016880:Anisotropy; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D037741:Fullerenes; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006108:Graphite