title: Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B contributes to induction of nasal polypoid lesions in an allergic rhinosinusitis murine model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies on the pathophysiology of nasal polyps in human subjects have been limited; thus an animal model is needed. There is increasing evidence supporting the role of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) in the pathogenesis of nasal polyposis. The  aim of this study was to investigate the histological and immunologic effects of SEB on the formation of nasal polypoid lesions in an allergic rhinosinusitis murine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  After induction of an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinosinusitis, OVA with SEB (5 or  500 ng) was instilled into the nasal cavity of mice for 8 weeks. Control mice did not receive SEB or OVA instillation. Histopathological changes were observed using hematoxylin and eosin, Sirius red, Giemsa, Masson's trichrome, and Alcian blue stains. The levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5,  IL-8, IL-13, eotaxin, interferon gamma, total IgE, and OVA-specific IgE from serum or nasal lavage fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group treated with OVA plus 5 ng of SEB had significantly more mucosal lesions with epithelial disruption  and nasal polypoid lesions than mice treated with OVA only, showing a significant increase in the infiltration of total inflammatory cells, eosinophils, and lymphocytes than the other groups. Levels of IL-5, eotaxin, and OVA-specific IgE in nasal lavage fluid were increased in the group treated  with OVA plus 5 ng of SEB than in the other groups. A higher number of secretory cells in the groups treated with OVA plus SEB was observed than in other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-dose SEB induced nasal polypoid lesions with an increased eosinophilic infiltration in an allergic  rhinosinusitis murine model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Roza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khalmuratova
authors.forename: Dong Gu
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Sea-Yuong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Sang-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Chul Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chae-Seo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D055556:Nasal Lavage; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004768:Enterotoxins; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; D010047:Ovalbumin