title: Invited commentary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Room 575, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. m.mokhles@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: M Mostafa
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mokhles
authors.forename: Johanna J M
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Takkenberg
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*