title: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, Toll-like receptor 4, and CD14 polymorphisms with altered expression levels in patients with ulcerative colitis.
abstract: Ulcerative colitis is a multifactorial disease in which genetic factors play a major role. Functional mutations in the genes related to innate immune response exacerbate mucosal damage coupled with persistent inflammation. The cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), CD14, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are the central players with clearly defined roles in inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between MIF-173G > C, CD14-159C > T, and TLR4-299A > G polymorphisms and mononuclear cell expression in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Genotyping of MIF-173G > C, CD14-159C > T, and TLR4-299A > G polymorphisms was performed by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific amplification in 139 and 176 patients with UC and controls, respectively. Simultaneously, the expression levels of intracellular MIF, mCD14, and mTLR4 were determined in mononuclear cells using a flow cytometer. Polymorphisms in CD14-159C > T and TLR4-299A > G significantly affected mCD14 and mTLR4 expression levels and also increased susceptibility to UC. Although intracellular MIF expression levels differed among patient and control groups, the polymorphism in MIF 173G > C was not observed to be associated with a risk of UC.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad 500 058, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Gunisetty
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sivaram
authors.forename: Santosh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bardia
authors.forename: Farha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Anjum
authors.forename: Satti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vishnupriya
authors.forename: Aejaz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Habeeb
authors.forename: Aleem A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4