title: Japanese clinical guidelines for chronic pain in children and adolescents.
abstract: Chronic pain is a common problem in pediatric practice. The prevalence of chronic pain in children is >30%. Because pain indicates emotional expression as well as the physiological reaction toward infection, injury, and inflammation, both physiological and psychological assessments are essential to determine primary interventions for chronic pain. The Japanese Society of Psychosomatic Pediatrics Task Force of clinical practice guidelines for chronic pain in children and adolescents compiled clinical evidence and opinions of specialists associated with the primary care of pediatric chronic pain in the Japanese 'clinical guidelines for chronic pain in children and adolescents' in 2009, which are presented herein. The guidelines consist of three domains: general introduction to chronic pain; chronic abdominal pain; and chronic headache. Each section contains information on the physiological mechanism, psychological aspects, assessment methods, and primary interventions for pediatric chronic pain. These guidelines are expected to help disseminate knowledge on primary interventions for chronic pain in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Japan. ishizaky@takii.kmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasujima
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukai
authors.forename: Nario
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inouwe
authors.forename: Takakazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Mitsue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maru
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wakako
authors.forename: Miyako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shirakawa
authors.forename: Mitsue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogimi
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kambara
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Ryota
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000465:Algorithms; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D010372:Pediatrics
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics