title: In vitro development of resistance to arsenite and chromium-VI in Lactobacilli strains as perspective attenuation of gastrointestinal disorder.
abstract: Inadvertent intake of inorganic arsenic and chromium through drinking water and food causing their toxic insults is a major health problem. Intestinal bacteria including Lactobacilli play important regulatory roles on intestinal homeostasis, and their loss is known to cause gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. Probiotic Lactobacilli resistance to arsenite and chromium-VI could be an importantfactorfor the perspective attenuation of Gl-disorders caused by these toxic metals/metalloid. In the present study resistance of arsenite (up to 32 ppm), Cr-VI (up to 64 ppm), and arsenite plus Cr-VI (32 ppm each) were developed under in vitro condition following chronological chronic exposures in Lactobacilli strains. Comparative study of biochemical parameters such as membrane transport enzymes and structural constituents; dehydrogenase and esterase activity tests, which are respective indicators for respiratory and energy producing processes, and the general heterotrophic activity of cells, of resistant strains showed similarities with their respective normal parent strains. The resistant strains were also found to be sensitive to antibiotics. Findings indicate that these resistant probiotic Lactobacilli would be useful in the prophylactic interventions of arsenic and chromium GI-toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Biomembrane Toxicology Division, Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, M.G. Marg, Lucknow - 226 001, India . upretirk@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Raj K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Upreti
authors.forename: Vartika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Ritesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Ambrose
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kannan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018053:Arsenites / Q000633:toxicity*; D002857:Chromium / Q000633:toxicity*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D005504:Food Analysis; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000382:microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D019936:Probiotics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018053:Arsenites; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D014867:Water; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion; C015001:arsenite