title: Regulation of the nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of viral and cellular proteins by ubiquitin and small ubiquitin-related modifiers.
abstract: Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of many cellular proteins is regulated by nuclear import/export signals as well as post-translational modifications such as covalent conjugation of ubiquitin and small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMOs). Ubiquitination and SUMOylation are rapid and reversible ways to modulate the intracellular localisation and function of substrate proteins. These pathways have been co-opted by some viruses, which depend on the host cell machinery to transport their proteins in and out of the nucleus. In this review, we will summarise our current knowledge on the ubiquitin/SUMO-regulated nuclear/subnuclear trafficking of cellular proteins and describe examples of viral exploitation of these pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Yao E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pernet
authors.forename: Benhur
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D021381:Protein Transport; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D014764:Viral Proteins