title: Hippocampal neuronal damage in rats exposed to a double hit: irradiation and hyperthermia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In utero irradiation models induce diffuse neuronal damage. Experimental     studies have shown that hyperthermia induced seizures are easily elicited and     have high mortality accompanied by neuronal loss. Neuronal damage and loss are     the results of cell death coupled with cortical development in altered cellular     development. The aim of the study was to investigate the changes in hippocampus     that was exposed to irradiation and hyperthermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four     groups were studied: 1) The irradiation group was exposed to 225 cGy irradiation     on the 17th gestational day; 2) The hyperthermia group was exposed to     hyperthermia on the 10th postnatal day; 3) The hyperthermia plus irradiation     group was exposed to in utero irradiation and postnatal hyperthermia; 4) The     control group was sham operated. Animals were examined 3 and 6 months later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hippocampus was atrophic with neuronal loss in CA regions and     ectopic neurons were in irradiation group. Severe damage with the most atrophy     was demonstrated in all regions of the irradiation plus hyperthermia group. In     long term, damage was severe in all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated     more damage in hippocampi exposed to both irradiation and hyperthermia that may     be taken as an evidence for the double hit hypothesis in the development of     hippocampal damage.
authors.affiliation: Marmara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histoogy and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey. gozdeerkanli@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gozde Erkanli
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Senturk
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Isler
authors.forename: Rahsan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kemerdere
authors.forename: Mustafa Onur
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Ulu
authors.forename: Cenk
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Umay
authors.forename: Aydan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozkaymakci
authors.forename: Gulhan Rezzan
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Aker
authors.forename: Feriha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ercan
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozkara
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Onat
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uzan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002452:Cell Count; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes