title: Adverse trends of cardiovascular risk factors among low risk populations (1983-1994)--a cohort study of workers and farmers in Guangzhou, China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The levels and trends of cardiovascular risk factors vary greatly throughout China. We examine 10-year trends of cardiovascular risk factors (1983-1994) and the factors related to these trends among low-risk cohorts of workers and farmers in Guangzhou, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cohort study of 3,131 workers and 3,493 farmers aged 25-64 years at baseline with 10 years of follow-up. We performed a longitudinal analysis to account for the aging of the cohorts and the repeated measures of the same individual.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline the prevalence of overweight (including obese) ranged from 1.0% to 11.8%, hypertension ranged from 3.8% to 10.5%, and mean serum total cholesterol (TC) ranged from 155.4 mg/dl to 187.2 mg/dl. Although prevalence of smoking declined, blood pressure levels and body mass index (BMI) increased significantly, and lipid profiles changed unfavorably during the 10-year follow-ups. The prevalence of hypertension increased from 5.0 percentage points (female farmers) to 12.3 percentage points (male farmers). Mean TC increased significantly (e.g., +22.8 mg/dl and +17.0 mg/dl in male and female farmers, respectively). In the longitudinal data analyses, increase in BMI was associated with increase in blood pressure levels and TC. Significant adverse trends of risk factors persisted after adjustment for aging, education, BMI, smoking, and alcohol intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urgent action is needed to prevent and reverse the unhealthy trends occurring among these low risk Chinese workers and farmers.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, 96# Dongchuan Road, Guangzhou 510100, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiaoqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jinzhuang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Xuxu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Qiling
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhuo
authors.forename: Chengye
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xiangmin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Mulan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000383:Agriculture / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol