title: Comparative study on the effect of chemicals on Alternaria blight in Indian mustard--a multi-location study in India.
abstract: High severity of Altemaria blight disease is a major constraint in production of rapeseed-mustard in India. The aim of this study was to investigate the suppressive potential of chemicals viz., zinc sulphate, borax, sulphur, potash and calcium sulphate, aqueous extracts viz., Eucalyptus globosus (50 g l-1) leaf extract and garlic (Allium sativum) bulb (20 g l-1) extract, cow urine and bio-agents Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescence in comparison with the recommended chemical fungicide (mancozeb), against foliar disease Alternaria blight of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. and Coss] under five different geographical locations of India. Mancozeb recorded the lowest mean severity (leaf: 33.1%; pod: 26.3%) of Alternaria blight with efficacy of garlic bulb extract alone (leaf = 34.4%; pod = 27.3%) or in combination with cow urine (leaf = 34.2%; pod = 28.6%) being statistically at par with the recommended chemical fungicide. Chemicals also proved effective in reducing Alternaria blight severity on leaves and pods of Indian mustard (leaf = 36.3-37.9%; pod = 27.5-30.1%). The effective treatments besides providing significant reduction in disease severity also enabled increase in dry seed yield of the crop (mancozeb = 2052 kg ha-1; garlic = 2006 kg ha-1; control = 1561 kg ha-1).
authors.affiliation: Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research (ICAR), Sewar, Bharatpur - 321 303, India.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Meena
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Awasthi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chand
mesh_terms: D000528:Alternaria / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000652:urine; D005052:Eucalyptus; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry; D007194:India; D009149:Mustard Plant / Q000382:microbiology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects; D011551:Pseudomonas fluorescens; D014242:Trichoderma
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D010936:Plant Extracts