title: Design of biomolecular interface for detecting carbohydrate and lectin weak interactions.
abstract: A hybrid functional biomolecular interface designed at a molecular size level is very effective at capturing an analyte with high sensitivity even if the interaction is very weak, as when detecting proteins with carbohydrate. We designed and processed a protein (lectin) recognition molecular interface taking the following points into consideration: (1) the height (molecular length) difference between the capturing and spacer molecules; (2) the ratio of capturing molecules in the recognition interface. When the height difference between the maltoside part (Concanavalin A (Con A) recognition group) and the OH group terminated spacer molecules exceeded (>(CH(2))(6)), the association rate constant (k(a)) became larger (k(a)(1/Ms): ∼2.6 times) and the dissociation constant (K(D)) became much smaller (K(D)(M): 1.0 × 10(-6): ∼0.17 times) compared with the similar heights (lengths) of both molecular interfaces. With regard to maltoside density, a 100% maltoside monolayer was unsuitable for detecting Con A. We constructed a nanostructured recognition site with a maltoside part of 10%, which was the most suitable ratio for Con A detection. The binding interaction between Con A and the maltoside group was changed from monovalent binding to bivalent binding when the maltoside part was diluted in the recognition interface. From electrochemical measurements, even though there was a small amount of maltoside component on the suitable recognition monolayer, quality similar to that of 100% maltoside was observed.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan. yukari-sato@aist.go.jp
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Teiichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Niwa
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D005960:Glucosides; D037102:Lectins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D003208:Concanavalin A