title: Cetirizine release from cyclodextrin formulated compressed chewing gum.
abstract: Beside the efficient effect on masking cetirizine bitter taste, the cyclodextrins (CDs) as well could have influence on the release from the formulation. In vitro release profiles of cetirizine from compressed chewing gums containing α-, β- and γ-CD were investigated using a three cell chewing apparatus. Different cetirizine/CD formulations were produced and analysed with respect to type of CD (α-, β- and γ-CD), the molar ratio between cetirizine and CD and the formulation of cetirizine (complex or physical mixture). Release experiments from all compressed chewing gum formulations gave similar release patterns, but with variations in the total amount released. Chewing gum formulated with cetirizine alone, demonstrated a release of 75% after 8 min of chewing. The presence of CDs resulted in increased cetirizine release. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that parameters with the most important influence on the release were the molar ratio of cetirizine/CD (P < 0.05) and the formulation of cetirizine/CD (complex or physical mixture) (P < 0.05). The compressed chewing gum formulations with 1:5 molar ratio of cetirizine/CD in complexed form demonstrated the highest release. Even though the statistical analysis (ANOVA) demonstrated significance in the release (P < 0.05) for the complex/physical mixture factor, this difference was negligible compared to the release from chewing gums containing cetirizine without CD. This makes physical mixtures suitable for use in cetirizine/CD formulations instead the complexes with respect to release yield. Thus unnecessary expenses for the complex preformulation may be avoided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Mladen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stojanov
authors.forename: Kim L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Larsen
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D017332:Cetirizine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002638:Chewing Gum / Q000032:analysis*; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D039563:Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D012995:Solubility; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D047391:alpha-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry; D047408:gamma-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D002638:Chewing Gum; D003505:Cyclodextrins; D005079:Excipients; D039563:Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D047391:alpha-Cyclodextrins; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D047408:gamma-Cyclodextrins; D017332:Cetirizine