title: Role of Salvia miltiorrhiza for Modulation of Th2-derived Cytokines in the Resolution of Inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) has been used to treat inflammatory diseases including edema and arthritis; however, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of SM action remains unresolved.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of an ethanol extract of SM (ESM) on pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NO, on anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-1Ra have been studied in an attempt to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism in murine macrophages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ESM inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines via down-regulation of gene and protein expression whereas it increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, ESM inhibited the expression of the chemokines, RANTES and CX3CL1, as well as of inflammatory mediators such as TLR-4 and 11β-HSD1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicated that the regulatory effects of ESM may be mediated though the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the induction of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Consequently, we speculate that ESM has therapeutic potential for inflammation-associated disorders.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Sunhee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Seulmee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Seulah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hee-Eun
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Shinha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Seungjeong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyungjae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim