title: Critical review of p38 MAP kinase inhibitors: a bioanalytical perspective.
abstract: p38 MAP kinase is a key enzyme in the proinflammatory response and a large number of compounds have been studied as potential therapeutic drugs. This review summarizes the bioanalytical methods used for the analysis of p38 MAP kinase inhibitors, with a special focus on sample preparation and chromatographic analysis. Biological sample extraction techniques utilized included protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction and SPE. Applications include determinations of compounds in a variety of biological fluids and tissues. Extracted samples are typically separated by reverse-phase LC and quantitated either by UV or MS/MS detection. The benefits and limitations of each sample preparation strategy are discussed. The importance of chromatographic separation to avoid matrix effect and interference from endogenous compounds or drug-related biotransformation products are also discussed herein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacokinetics & Drug Metabolism, 1 Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320-1799, USA. pwong@amgen.com
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Faye
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D013048:Specimen Handling; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases