title: Organic matter chlorination rates in different boreal soils: the role of soil organic matter content.
abstract: Transformation of chloride (Cl(-)) to organic chlorine (Cl(org)) occurs naturally in soil but it is poorly understood how and why transformation rates vary among environments. There are still few measurements of chlorination rates in soils, even though formation of Cl(org) has been known for two decades. In the present study, we compare organic matter (OM) chlorination rates, measured by (36)Cl tracer experiments, in soils from eleven different locations (coniferous forest soils, pasture soils and agricultural soils) and discuss how various environmental factors effect chlorination. Chlorination rates were highest in the forest soils and strong correlations were seen with environmental variables such as soil OM content and Cl(-) concentration. Data presented support the hypothesis that OM levels give the framework for the soil chlorine cycling and that chlorination in more organic soils over time leads to a larger Cl(org) pool and in turn to a high internal supply of Cl(-) upon dechlorination. This provides unexpected indications that pore water Cl(-) levels may be controlled by supply from dechlorination processes and can explain why soil Cl(-) locally can be more closely related to soil OM content and the amount organically bound chlorine than to Cl(-) deposition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thematic Studies, Water and Environmental Studies, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden. malin.gustavsson@liu.se
authors.forename: Malin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gustavsson
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oberg
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandén
authors.forename: Teresia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: Salar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valinia
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Thiry
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bastviken
mesh_terms: D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002713:Chlorine / Q000737:chemistry*; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D004777:Environment; D054879:Halogenation; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D011868:Radioisotopes; D012588:Scintillation Counting; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013548:Sweden; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D006812:Humic Substances; D011868:Radioisotopes; D012987:Soil; D014867:Water; D002713:Chlorine