title: Diabetes mellitus and thrombosis.
abstract: Atherothrombosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Several mechanisms contribute to the diabetic prothrombotic state, including endothelial dysfunction, coagulative activation and platelet hyper-reactivity. In particular, diabetic platelets are characterised by dysregulation of several signaling pathways leading to enhanced adhesion, activation and aggregation. These alterations result from the interaction among hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress. This review will provide an overview of the current status of knowledge on mechanisms of accelerated atherothrombosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine and Center of Excellence on Aging, G. D'Annunzio University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Natale
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vazzana
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ranalli
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuccurullo
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davì
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000378:metabolism; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015539:Platelet Activation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology