title: [Evaluation of cerebral oxygenation changes with clamping of the left superior vena cava by near-infrared spectroscopy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The left superior vena cava (LSVC) is often complicated with congenital heart defect. Although we simply clamp LSVC during cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB), appropriateness of this technique has not been clarified. We noninvasively evaluate cerebral tissue oxygenation while the clamping of LSVC under CPB by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Six children (3 male and 3 female; aged 1.0 +/- 0.6 year) undergoing open heart surgery were studied. The NIRO 300 was incorporated into an established multimodal monitoring system. Tissue oxygenation index (TOI), oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb), and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) changes were assessed and compared with LSVC pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant changes in cerebral oxygen delivery after LSVC clamp. LSVC pressure increased from 7.3 +/- 1.8 mmHg to 20.1 +/- 2.6 just after LSVC clamp, but gradually decreased without any maneuver.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrated that LSVC could be safely clamped when LSVC pressure was under 30 mmHg.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umezu
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Yorikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasukochi
authors.forename: Kiyohiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takigiku
authors.forename: Hikoro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003250:Constriction; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen