title: Hand hygiene prior to contact lens handling is problematical.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish guidelines for contact lens wearers' hand hygiene practices which achieve a balance between minimising risk of infection and reasonable expectations on the ability of patients to follow them.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evidence has been obtained from publications via PubMed, Advanced Medline Search, Cochrane Reviews, Google Scholar and using the key words hand hygiene, washing and contact lens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Guidelines for effective hand washing and the bother involved vary according to the level of hygiene required. High levels of non-compliance with hand hygiene practices, even among healthcare workers, gives an indication of how important the level of bother involved when following guidelines can be in contributing to non-compliance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Better patient education to improve hand washing techniques as well as patient attitudes toward hand hygiene are needed to reduce high non-compliance levels. Better hand hygiene techniques and higher frequency of their application give the prospect of reduced risk of infection and of any discomfort that arises from increased lens and ocular bioburden. In order that adoption rates might be maximised, the guidelines which have been distilled from this review attempt to strike a balance between technique redundancy and the associated higher levels of hygiene achieved and the possibility that the perception of too much bother involved could reduce participation rates. The guidelines have been expanded by the inclusion of suggested explanatory information in the expectation that helping patients to understand why the recommendations are made will have the effect of increasing their adoption.
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia. c.mcmonnies@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: McMonnies
mesh_terms: D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000382:microbiology*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006235:Hand Disinfection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene / Q000592:standards*; D007634:Keratitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010349:Patient Compliance