title: Circulating ApoE level is independently associated with urinary albumin excretion in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evidence from many studies suggests that dyslipidemia has a pathogenetic role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationships between serum lipid parameters and urinary albumin excretion in type 2 diabetic patients from Shanghai, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1094 type 2 diabetic patients were recruited. The urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR), serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A I (ApoA I), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] were measured and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated according to the Friedewald formula. An ACR of ≥30 µg/mg was defined as albuminuria, and <30 µg/mg as normoalbuminuria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of ApoE and triglyceride were significantly higher in albuminuric group compared with normoalbuminuric group (p<0.001 and p=0.003, respectively). Differences of ACR among the groups based on the tertile of ApoE and the tertile of triglyceride were significant (both p<0.001). In a multiple linear regression model, ApoE was independently associated with ACR (β=0.003, 95%CI 0.002-0.005, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum ApoE level was independently associated with urinary albumin excretion in type 2 diabetic patients from Shanghai, China.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Xiaomu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000652:urine; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood*; D002681:China; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D003404:Creatinine