title: The creamatocrit, fat and energy concentration in human milk produced by mothers of preterm and term infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the composition of breast milk which had been gathered from mothers for over first 2 weeks of lactation and to compare the changes in composition of preterm and term milk.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, single center study was provided in Warsaw, Poland. The samples of breast milk from 22 mothers who had delivered prematurely and 39 mothers who had given birth to term infants were collected. The creamatocrit, energy and fat concentration were estimated in each participant's breast milk sample twice a day (morning and night hours).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lowest creamatocrit, calories and fat concentration was indicated in the preterm milk obtained in the morning (4.86%, 663.8 kcal/L and 33.6 g/L, respectively). The highest milk parameters were observed in the night samples of full-term milk and measured (9.6%, 919.7 kcal/L, and 60.7 g/L, respectively). No significant differences in analysed parameters were observed between preterm and full-term milk (p>0.05). In summary, creamatocrit, calories and lipid concentration in breast milk shows the daily differences. Colostrum and mature milk from mothers of preterm neonates differed from colostum and mature milk from mothers of term neonates. They had lipid contents, creamatocrit level and calorific value.
authors.affiliation: Neonatology Ward, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. bnajman@wp.pl
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kociszewska-Najman
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borek-Dzieciol
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szpotanska-Sikorska
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wilkos
authors.forename: Bronislawa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pietrzak
authors.forename: Miroslaw
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wielgos
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003126:Colostrum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009035:Mothers; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011044:Poland; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000378:metabolism*; D047929:Term Birth / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids