title: Impaired alternative macrophage differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from obese subjects.
abstract: Visceral obesity is a chronic, low-grade inflammatory disease that predisposes people to the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Adipose tissue is not a passive storehouse for fat, but an endocrine organ synthesizing and releasing a variety of bioactive molecules, some of which are produced by infiltrated immune-inflammatory cells including macrophages. Two different subpopulations of macrophages have been identified in adipose tissue: pro-inflammatory 'classical' M1 and anti-inflammatory 'alternative' M2 macrophages, and their ratio is suggested to influence the metabolic complications of obesity. These macrophages derive primarily from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We hypothesised that obesity and the metabolic syndrome modulate PBMC functions. Therefore, alteration of the monocyte response, and more specifically their ability to differentiate toward alternative anti-inflammatory macrophages, was assessed in PBMCs isolated from lean and obese subjects with or without alterations in glucose homeostasis. Our results indicate that PBMCs from obese subjects have an altered expression of M2 markers and that their monocytes are less susceptible to differentiate toward an alternative phenotype. Thus PBMCs in obesity are programmed, which may contribute to the inflammatory dysregulation and increased susceptibility to inflammatory diseases in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Gael
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bories
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caiazzo
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Derudas
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Copin
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raverdy
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pigeyre
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pattou
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Staels
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chinetti-Gbaguidi
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators