title: The little elongation complex regulates small nuclear RNA transcription.
abstract: Eleven-nineteen lysine-rich leukemia (ELL) participates in the super elongation complex (SEC) with the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) CTD kinase P-TEFb. SEC is a key regulator in the expression of HOX genes in mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)-based hematological malignancies, in the control of induced gene expression early in development, and in immediate early gene transcription. Here, we identify an SEC-like complex in Drosophila, as well as a distinct ELL-containing complex that lacks P-TEFb and other components of SEC named the "little elongation complex" (LEC). LEC subunits are highly enriched at RNA Pol II-transcribed small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, and the loss of LEC results in decreased snRNA expression in both flies and mammals. The specialization of the SEC and LEC complexes for mRNA and snRNA-containing genes, respectively, suggests the presence of specific classes of elongation factors for each class of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
authors.affiliation: Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
authors.forename: Edwin R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Chengqi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohaghegh
authors.forename: Deqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saraf
authors.forename: Selene K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seidel
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Florens
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Washburn
authors.forename: Joel C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Eissenberg
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shilatifard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D042925:Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B / Q000378:metabolism; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D012342:RNA, Small Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D035602:Transcriptional Elongation Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D012342:RNA, Small Nuclear; D035602:Transcriptional Elongation Factors; D042925:Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B; D012319:RNA Polymerase II