title: Effects on micronuclei formation of 60-Hz electromagnetic field exposure with ionizing radiation, hydrogen peroxide, or c-Myc overexpression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a possible correlation between exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and cancer. However, this correlation has yet to be definitively confirmed by epidemiological studies. The principal objective of this study was to assess the effects of 60 Hz magnetic fields in a normal cell line system, and particularly in combination with various external factors, via micronucleus (MN) assays.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH3T3 cells and human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells were exposed for 4 h to a 60 Hz, 1 mT uniform magnetic field with or without ionizing radiation (IR, 2 Gy), H(2)O(2) (100 μM) and cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc) activation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results obtained showed no significant differences between the cells exposed to ELF-MF alone and the unexposed cells. Moreover, no synergistic effects were observed when ELF-MF was combined with IR, H(2)O(2), and c-Myc activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that ELF-MF did not enhance MN frequency by IR, H(2)O(2) and c-Myc activation.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of 1 Radiation Effects, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeung Bae
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Ga-Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jae Seon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ju-Woon
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Myung
authors.forename: Yun-Sil
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide