title: Expression of adhesion molecules, monocyte interactions and oxidative stress in human endothelial cells exposed to wood smoke and diesel exhaust particulate matter.
abstract: Toxicological effects of wood smoke particles are less investigated than traffic-related combustion particles. We investigated the effect of wood smoke particles, generated by smouldering combustion conditions, on human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) co-cultured with or without monocytic THP-1 cells. Standard reference material (SRM) 2975 diesel exhaust particles were used as benchmark particles. Wood smoke particles at 50 μg/ml or 100 μg/ml caused adhesion of THP-1 monocytes onto HUVECs in co-cultures, whereas SRM2975 had no such effect. Both types of particles from 1 μg/ml increased VCAM-1 expression on HUVECs in mono-cultures. However, only the exposure to wood smoke particles was associated with increased expression of TNF and IL8 mRNA in THP-1 cells. We found no effect on the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species by the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA, whereas especially the wood smoke particles caused increased level of DNA strand breaks and oxidised guanines at concentrations with low cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our results indicate that the adherence of monocytes on endothelial cells in wood smoke particle exposed cultures depend on activation of both cell types.
authors.affiliation: Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Lykke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forchhammer
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loft
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roursgaard
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Ingunn Skogstad
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Riddervold
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sigsgaard
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Møller
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D053960:DNA Breaks; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012906:Smoke; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D012313:RNA