Reproductive consequences of developmental phytoestrogen exposure.
Phytoestrogens, estrogenic compounds derived from plants, are ubiquitous in human and animal diets. These chemicals are generally much less potent than estradiol but act via similar mechanisms. The most common source of phytoestrogen exposure to humans is soybean-derived foods that are rich in the isoflavones genistein and daidzein. These isoflavones are also found at relatively high levels in soy-based infant formulas. Phytoestrogens have been promoted as healthy alternatives to synthetic estrogens and are found in many dietary supplements. The aim of this review is to examine the evidence that phytoestrogen exposure, particularly in the developmentally sensitive periods of life, has consequences for future reproductive health.
Reproductive Medicine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, NIEHS/NIH/DHHS, MD E4-05, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA.
Wendy N
WN
Jefferson
Heather B
HB
Patisaul
Carmen J
CJ
Williams
D000818:Animals; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food / Q000009:adverse effects; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
D048789:Phytoestrogens