A comparison among several P300 brain-computer interface speller paradigms.
Since the brain-computer interface (BCI) speller was first proposed by Farwell and Donchin, there have been modifications in the visual aspects of P300 paradigms. Most of the changes are based on the original matrix format such as changes in the number of rows and columns, font size, flash/ blank time, and flash order. The improvement in the resulting accuracy and speed of such systems has always been the ultimate goal. In this study, we have compared several different speller paradigms including row-column, single character flashing, and two region-based paradigms which are not based on the matrix format. In the first region-based paradigm, at the first level, characters and symbols are distributed over seven regions alphabetically, while in the second region-based paradigm they are distributed in the most frequently used order. At the second level, each one of the regions is further subdivided into seven subsets. The experimental results showed that the average accuracy and user acceptability for two region-based paradigms were higher than those for traditional paradigms such as row/column and single character.
Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, 58202-7165, USA. Reza.Fazel-Rezai@engr.und.edu
Reza
R
Fazel-Rezai
Scott
S
Gavett
Waqas
W
Ahmad
Ahmed
A
Rabbi
Eric
E
Schneider
D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*