Determination of D-fagomine in buckwheat and mulberry by cation exchange HPLC/ESI-Q-MS.
D-Fagomine is an iminosugar first found in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) which if used as a dietary supplement or functional food component may reduce the risks of developing insulin resistance, becoming overweight and suffering from an excess of potentially pathogenic bacteria. As D-fagomine may become increasingly important to the food industry, a reliable analytical method for its determination in natural plant sources and foodstuffs is desirable. We have devised a method to separate D-fagomine from its diastereomers 3-epi-fagomine and 3,4-di-epi-fagomine in a single run by cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with detection and quantification by mass spectrometry using electrospray ionisation and a simple quadrupole analyser (ESI-Q-MS). The method is validated and applied to the determination of D-fagomine in buckwheat groats (6.7-44 mg kg(-1)), leaves, bran and flour. We show that buckwheat contains 3,4-di-epi-fagomine (1.0-43 mg kg(-1)), which has not previously been reported in this source. The procedure is also applied to mulberry (Morus alba) leaves, which contain D-fagomine and 3-epi-fagomine as minor components. The new method provides a means for convenient and accurate determination of D-fagomine in plant samples and foodstuffs.
Bioglane SLNE, Tavern 17, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.
Susana
S
Amézqueta
Esther
E
Galán
Elisabet
E
Fuguet
Montserrat
M
Carrascal
Joaquín
J
Abián
Josep Lluís
JL
Torres
D002412:Cations; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D019612:Fagopyrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D050112:Imino Pyranoses / Q000032:analysis*; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*
D002412:Cations; D050112:Imino Pyranoses; C105643:fagomine