Protective effect of indigo naturalis extract against oxidative stress in cultured human keratinocytes.
BACKGROUND
Indigo naturalis is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various skin disorders.


OBJECTIVE
The aims were to explore the effect of indigo naturalis on suppressing oxidative stress and protein modifications by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), a lipid peroxidation product, in cultured primary human keratinocytes.


METHODS
Indigo naturalis extract at a dose that did not cause cytotoxicity was added to cultured keratinocytes in the absence or the presence of H(2)O(2) or HNE. The degree of cytotoxicity, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and amount of protein carbonyl groups were evaluated.


RESULTS
Indigo naturalis extract at the concentration of 10μg/ml had no protective effect against H(2)O(2) or HNE-induced cytotoxicity, but decreased intracellular levels of ROS after H(2)O(2) treatment and suppressed the increase of protein carbonyl groups induced by HNE.


CONCLUSIONS
Indigo naturalis possesses an inhibitory effect on formation of intracellular ROS induced by exogenous ROS and protein modification induced by HNE in human keratinocytes, which is relevant to the alleviation of inflammatory skin diseases.
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.
Yin-Ku
YK
Lin
Hsiao-Wen
HW
Chen
Sien-Hung
SH
Yang
Yann-Lii
YL
Leu
Yu-Hsiang
YH
Huang
Hsiu-Chuan
HC
Yen
D027901:Acanthaceae; D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal