Epidermal growth factor and necrotizing enterocolitis.
OBJECTIVE
This review will summarize the clinical and experimental studies evaluating the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in prophylaxis and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).


RESULTS
Clinical studies have suggested the importance of EGF in protection of the intestine against NEC, as well as its safety for infants suffering from NEC. The recent experimental studies identified the molecular mechanisms EGF uses for intestinal protection, which involves regulation of intestinal epithelial homeostasis and barrier function. Further studies are necessary to identify the optimal dose, timing, and route of administration of EGF to NEC patients. No clinical studies are currently underway.


CONCLUSIONS
NEC is a devastating problem for preterm neonates, but the exact disease pathogenesis remains unclear. Growing clinical evidence supports the use of EGF as a predictive marker of NEC and its use for prevention and treatment of NEC. In addition, experimental data indicate potential mechanisms of EGF prevention against NEC. These include reduction of inflammation, improvement of barrier function, and regulation of epithelial apoptosis and autophagy.
Department of Pediatrics, Steele Children's Research Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85724-5073, USA.
Christine F
CF
Coursodon
Bohuslav
B
Dvorak
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000503:physiopathology
D015415:Biomarkers; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor