Aclidinium bromide, a novel long-acting muscarinic antagonist for COPD with improved preclinical renal and urinary safety profile.
OBJECTIVE
Aclidinium bromide is a novel, long-acting, inhaled muscarinic antagonist currently in registration phase for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Since urinary difficulty and retention have been reported for anticholinergic agents such as tiotropium and ipratropium, it is important to examine the preclinical urinary and renal safety profile of aclidinium.


METHODS
The effect of aclidinium on urine and electrolyte excretion, renal function and voiding cystometry was analysed in conscious water-loaded Wistar rats (10-1000 μg/kg, s.c.), anaesthetised Beagle dogs (1000 μg/kg, i.v.) and anaesthetised guinea pigs (3-100μg/kg, intratracheally), respectively. Aclidinium plasma levels were determined in an independent study. Active comparators were tiotropium (all studies) and ipratropium (cystometry only).


RESULTS
Aclidinium 1000 μg/kg had no effect on urine excretion in rats, in contrast to tiotropium 100 μg/kg which significantly decreased this parameter (p<0.05). Aclidinium 1000 μg/kg also had no effect on renal function in Beagle dogs. In guinea pigs, aclidinium 3-100 μg/kg had no effect on urinary bladder function, whereas tiotropium and ipratropium 100 μg/kg decreased the peak micturition pressure (p<0.05), increased the volume of urine retained in the bladder (p<0.01) and showed a trend to decrease the volume of urine excreted.


CONCLUSIONS
Aclidinium had no significant effect on urinary and renal function in the animal models studied. These results, together with the rapid plasma clearance of aclidinium reported previously, suggest a lower propensity to induce urinary retention in humans than tiotropium and ipratropium.
Almirall S.A., Biology Department, Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. amadeu.gavalda@almirall.com
Amadeu
A
Gavaldà
Jordi
J
Gras
Josep
J
Llupià
Jordi
J
Aubets
Jorge
J
Beleta
Jesús
J
Llenas
D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide; D014326:Tropanes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives; D014326:Tropanes; C542859:aclidinium bromide; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide