Orodental manifestations of facial port-wine stains.
BACKGROUND
Patients with facial port-wine stains (PWS) often demonstrate oral manifestations of their disorder; however, the spectrum and prevalence of such findings among a cohort of patients with PWS has not been established. As a result, dermatologists and oral health specialists may be uncertain how to counsel their patients with PWS regarding oral hypervascularity, bony oral changes, and oral hygiene.


OBJECTIVE
We sought to identify physical findings and complications involving the teeth, oral cavity, and perioral structures in individuals with facial PWS.


METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study of 30 patients with facial PWS. Descriptive data were collected through anonymous paired surveys completed by patients and their dentists, and analyzed (Fisher exact test) for trends based on physical findings and stage of the PWS.


RESULTS
The most common orodental manifestations according to patients were enlargement of the lip (53.3%), stained gums (46.7%), abnormal bite (30%), and spontaneous bleeding of the gums (26.7%). Staining of the gingiva correlated significantly with gingival hyperplasia (P = .006), maxillary hyperplasia (P = .014), and widened interdental spaces (P = .002), and in all cases gingival staining predated these findings. Lip hyperplasia was reported more frequently by patients than by their dentists (50% vs 18.2%, P = .008). Orodental manifestations were more common among patients with darker and thicker PWS. Hemorrhage after dental procedures was rare (4.5%).


CONCLUSIONS
Modest sample size and difficulty recruiting control subjects are limitations.


CONCLUSIONS
Facial PWS commonly affect the orodental structures, and intraoral staining may predict future complications.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA.
Megan B
MB
Dowling
Yueqin
Y
Zhao
David H
DH
Darrow
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology; D007223:Infant; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D019339:Port-Wine Stain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014060:Tongue Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult