Balancing the risks and benefits of genomic data sharing: genome research participants' perspectives.
BACKGROUND
Technological advancements are rapidly propelling the field of genome research forward, while lawmakers attempt to keep apace with the risks these advances bear. Balancing normative concerns of maximizing data utility and protecting human subjects, whose privacy is at risk due to the identifiability of DNA data, are central to policy decisions. Research on genome research participants making real-time data sharing decisions is limited; yet, these perspectives could provide critical information to ongoing deliberations.


METHODS
We conducted a randomized trial of 3 consent types affording varying levels of control over data release decisions. After debriefing participants about the randomization process, we invited them to a follow-up interview to assess their attitudes toward genetic research, privacy and data sharing.


RESULTS
Participants were more restrictive in their reported data sharing preferences than in their actual data sharing decisions. They saw both benefits and risks associated with sharing their genomic data, but risks were seen as less concrete or happening in the future, and were largely outweighed by purported benefits.


CONCLUSIONS
Policymakers must respect that participants' assessment of the risks and benefits of data sharing and their privacy-utility determinations, which are associated with their final data release decisions, vary. In order to advance the ethical conduct of genome research, proposed policy changes should carefully consider these stakeholder perspectives.
Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex 77030, USA.
J M
JM
Oliver
M J
MJ
Slashinski
T
T
Wang
P A
PA
Kelly
S G
SG
Hilsenbeck
A L
AL
McGuire
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003219:Confidentiality; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D030661:Genetic Privacy / Q000941:ethics*; D036281:Genetic Research / Q000941:ethics*; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics / Q000941:ethics*; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000941:ethics*; D007258:Informed Consent; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D055815:Young Adult