Prevalence and risk indicators of gingivitis and periodontitis in a multi-centre study in North Jordan: a cross sectional study.
BACKGROUND
There are limited data about the epidemiology and risk factors/indicators of gingivitis, aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) in Jordan. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk indicators of gingivitis, AgP and CP.


METHODS
A sample of 595 subjects was randomly selected from subjects escorting out-patients attending a Medical Center, a Dental Teaching Hospital, and 2 private dental clinics. The socio-demographic variables, oral hygiene habits, income, smoking and Body Mass Index (BMI) were recorded. Full mouth periodontal examination was performed, and radiographs were taken for sites with probing depth > 3 mm.


RESULTS
About 76% had gingivitis, 2.2% had AgP and 5.5% had CP. Periodontitis was more frequent among males than females with a M: F ratio of 1.6:1 and the prevalence increased with age. Subjects who reported not using a tooth brush, smokers and subjects with BMI > 30 kg/m2 had significantly higher prevalence of periodontitis. The risk for periodontitis was greater among subjects who reported positive family history and subjects with ≤ 12 years of education.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to report on the prevalence of gingivitis, CP and AgP in North Jordanian. Age, low education, low frequency of tooth brushing and family history were significantly associated with increased risk of periodontitis.
Periodontology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan. KTAbabneh@hotmail.com
Khansa Taha
KT
Ababneh
Zafer Mohammad Faisal
ZM
Abu Hwaij
Yousef S
YS
Khader
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007597:Jordan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012744:Sex Ratio; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult