Enzymatic activity and genetic variation in SCD1 modulate the relationship between fatty acids and inflammation.
Fatty acids (FA) represent a diverse class of molecules known to regulate inflammatory pathways. Therefore enzymes that regulate FA metabolism are attractive candidates to better understand the relationship between FA and inflammation. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is rate limiting for the conversion of saturated FA (SFA) to monounsaturated FA (MUFA). Evidence suggests that SCD1 activity may be positively associated with inflammation. Moreover, genetic variation in SCD1 may alter enzyme activity; however, it is unknown whether this affects inflammatory status. The goal of this study was to examine the relationships between plasma FA, SCD1 activity, and SCD1 polymorphisms with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in young adults. SFA, MUFA, and CRP were measured in fasted plasma samples from European (n=279, 198 female and 81 male) and Asian (n=249, 179 female and 70 male) subjects, 20-29 years old. Circulating levels of palmitic (16:0), palmitoleic (16:1), stearic (18:0), and oleic acids (18:1) were measured by gas chromatography and SCD1 activity was estimated by the ratio of product to precursor (16:1/16:0; 18:1/18:0). Positive associations were identified between CRP levels and 16:0 (p<2.0×10(-4)), 16:1 (p<0.05), and the SCD1 index (18:1/18:0; p<6.0×10(-3)) in European and Asian females, while 18:0 was inversely associated with CRP (p<2.0×10(-4)) in both groups. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SCD1 were genotyped in all subjects. One SNP (rs2060792) was associated (p<0.05) with 16:0 and 18:0 levels in females of European descent. This same SNP was also associated with CRP levels in both groups of females (p<0.05). Overall, SCD1 activity and genetic variation have an important role in modulating the relationship between FA and inflammation in young adults.
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada N1G 2W1. cstryjec@uoguelph.ca
Carolina
C
Stryjecki
Kaitlin
K
Roke
Shannon
S
Clarke
Daiva
D
Nielsen
Alaa
A
Badawi
Ahmed
A
El-Sohemy
David W L
DW
Ma
David M
DM
Mutch
D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000097:blood; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000097:blood; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000097:blood; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D013229:Stearic Acids; C008757:palmitoleic acid; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; C031183:stearic acid; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; C523776:SCD1 protein, human; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase