Evolutionary history of c-myc in teleosts and characterization of the duplicated c-myca genes in goldfish embryos.
c-Myc plays an important role during embryogenesis in mammals, but little is known about its function during embryonic development in teleosts. In addition, the evolutionary history of c-myc gene in teleosts remains unclear, and depending on the species, a variable number of gene duplicates exist in teleosts. To gain new insight into c-myc genes in teleosts, the present study was designed to clarify the evolutionary history of c-myc gene(s) in teleosts and to subsequently characterize DNA methylation and early embryonic expression patterns in a cyprinid fish. Our results show that a duplication of c-myc gene occurred before or around the teleost radiation, as a result of the teleost-specific whole genome duplication giving rise to c-myca and c-mycb in teleosts and was followed by a loss of the c-mycb gene in the Gasterosteiforms and Tetraodontiforms. Our data also demonstrate that both c-myc genes previously identified in carp and goldfish are co-orthologs of the zebrafish c-myca. These results indicate the presence of additional c-myca duplication in Cyprininae. We were able to identify differences between the expression patterns of the two goldfish c-myca genes in oocytes and early embryos. These differences suggest a partial sub-functionalization of c-myca genes after duplication. Despite differences in transcription patterns, both of the c-myca genes displayed similar DNA methylation patterns during early development and in gametes. Together, our results clarify the evolutionary history of the c-myc gene in teleosts and provide new insight into the involvement of c-myc in early embryonic development in cyprinids.
INRA, UR1037 SCRIBE, IFR140, Biogenouest, Rennes, France. marandel.lucie@gmail.com
Lucie
L
Marandel
Catherine
C
Labbe
Julien
J
Bobe
Pierre-Yves
PY
Le Bail
D000818:Animals; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005399:Fishes / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D020440:Gene Duplication / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D016259:Genes, myc / Q000235:genetics*; D016678:Genome; D006054:Goldfish / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D026801:Synteny; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D020033:Protein Isoforms