Hydrothermal liquefaction of separated dairy manure for production of bio-oils with simultaneous waste treatment.
A bench scale hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) system was tested using dairy manure to explore biooil production and waste treatment potential. Carbon monoxide was used as the process gas and sodium carbonate (Na(2)CO(3)) as catalyst. At a 350°C process temperature, the HTL unit produced 3.45 g (± 0.21) of acetone soluble oil fractions (ASF), with an average Higher Heating Value of 32.16 (± 0.23) MJ kg(-1). A maximum ASF yield of 4.8 g was produced at a process temperature of 350°C and 1g of catalyst. The best ASF yield corresponded to 67.6% of energy contained in the raw manure. GC-MS analysis of ASF indicated that the highest quantities of phenolic compounds were formed when 1g catalyst was used. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) reduction in the dischargeable slurry was as high as 75%. The results point to an alternative dairy waste treatment technology with a potential to generate transportable biooils.
Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, Louisiana State University, 149 E.B. Doran Bldg., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. ctheegala@agcenter.lsu.edu
Chandra S
CS
Theegala
Jason S
JS
Midgett
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003612:Dairying; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008372:Manure; D018505:Waste Management
D007220:Industrial Waste; D008372:Manure