The effect of osteoporosis on residual ridge resorption and masticatory performance in denture wearers.
OBJECTIVE
To compare masticatory performance, masticatory efficiency and residual ridge resorption (RRR) in osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic edentulous subjects after rehabilitation with complete dentures.


METHODS
Thirty subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled from the patients visiting the Department of Prosthodontics for complete denture fabrication. Two groups consisting of control subjects (group I; N = 15) and osteoporotic subjects (group II; N = 15) were formed. Complete dentures satisfying certain criteria were fabricated for both groups. Masticatory performance and efficiency were measured 6 months after denture insertion. Areal measurements were taken on lateral cephalograms before and 6 months after denture fabrication. The data were then computed to analyse differences between groups I and II using SPSS statistical software version 15.0.


RESULTS
Six months after denture fabrication, the masticatory performance and efficiency were significantly higher (p < 0.001) for group I, with a significant decrease in maxillary and mandibular sagittal area seen in both groups. The rate of bone loss was more in group II compared with group I.


CONCLUSIONS
Greater masticatory function was demonstrated by the non-osteoporotic group, and the rate of RRR was more in the osteoporotic group compared with the normal group. In this pilot study, osteoporosis leads to greater RRR, decreased masticatory performance and efficiency in edentulous subjects 6 months after denture insertion. Screening for osteoporosis is suggested as a routine procedure for all edentulous subjects undergoing rehabilitation. Recall check-ups for osteoporotic patients should be more frequent, and these patients may require more frequent denture remakes.
Department Prosthodontics, Dental Faculty, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India.
Shelly
S
Singhal
Pooran
P
Chand
Balendra Pratap
BP
Singh
Saumyendra Vikram
SV
Singh
Jitendra
J
Rao
Rama
R
Shankar
Santosh
S
Kumar
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002680:Chin / Q000473:pathology; D003779:Denture Design; D003824:Denture, Complete; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000473:pathology; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000473:pathology; D010865:Pilot Projects