Stroke: prevalence and disability in Cotonou, Benin.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the burden of stroke in sub-Saharan Africa that may increase with the ongoing demographic and socioeconomic transition. This study aims to assess the prevalence of stroke, its related disability rate and consequences in the quality of daily life in an urban door- to-door survey in Cotonou, Benin.


METHODS
A three-phase door-to-door study was performed in two districts of Cotonou with a broad range of socioeconomic income. A population of 15,155 individuals aged ≥15 years was evaluated. The first phase consisted in screening of stroke in the population using the modified WHO questionnaire, the second phase included the medical evaluation of all suspected cases, and in the third phase the diagnosis of stroke was confirmed by CT scan evaluation.


RESULTS
Out of 15,155 subjects, 321 cases were identified as possible stroke cases. The diagnosis was confirmed in 70 cases. The crude prevalence of stroke was thus estimated to be 4.6/1,000 (8.7/1,000 and 7.7/1,000 adjusted to the WHO and SEGI World Population). The mean age of the patients at onset was 56 ± 13 years. Sixty percent of stroke survivors had a Rankin score ≥2, and CT scan was found abnormal in 90.0% of them.


CONCLUSIONS
The stroke prevalence in urban areas of Cotonou is higher than that reported in other sub-Saharan countries, and the majority of stroke survivors present with good functional recovery and without severe disability in their everyday life.
IFR 145 GEIST, Institut de Neurologie Tropicale, EA 3174 NeuroEpidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France.
Marie-Joëlle
MJ
Cossi
Claire
C
Gobron
Pierre-Marie
PM
Preux
Didier
D
Niama
Hugues
H
Chabriat
Dismand
D
Houinato
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001541:Benin / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014504:Urban Health; D055815:Young Adult