An Indian adaptation of the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire: similarities and differences in assessment of caregiver burden.
OBJECTIVE
The Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire (IEQ) is a comprehensive, conceptually valid and reliable means of assessing caregiver burden. However, its psychometric properties have rarely been examined in non-European settings. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of an Indian translation of the IEQ (Hindi-IEQ).


METHODS
The European Union (English) version of IEQ was translated into Hindi and reviewed by a group of experts and caregivers for translation accuracy, cultural appropriateness, and for relevance and acceptability of items and constructs. The Hindi-IEQ was then administered to 162 primary caregivers of patients with severe mental illnesses. Eighteen caregivers completed both the English and Hindi versions to check the level of agreement between them. Another 27 completed the Hindi-IEQ twice, a week apart, to evaluate its test-retest reliability. Factor structure of the Hindi-IEQ was examined using an exploratory, principal components and factor analysis.


RESULTS
Pearson's correlation coefficients were significant for 24 items, while intraclass correlation coefficients were significant for 28 of the 31 items (P < 0.05), indicating a satisfactory level of agreement between the Hindi and English versions. Test-retest reliability for all items of the Hindi-IEQ was adequate, with kappa values ranging from 0.46 to 0.95 and intraclass correlation coefficients from 0.76 to 1.00. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89) and the split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficient = 0.68) of the Hindi-IEQ were also satisfactory. However, several differences were noted in the factor structure and distribution of scores of the Hindi-IEQ, which were quite unlike that of the European Union version.


CONCLUSIONS
The similarities and differences between the 2 versions of the IEQ indicated that sociocultural factors could influence assessment of caregiver burden across different cultures.
Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. drsandeepg2002@yahoo.com
S
S
Grover
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Chakrabarti
D
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Ghormode
A
A
Dutt
N
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Kate
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P
Kulhara
D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D054521:Cultural Competency; D005260:Female; D018596:Hinduism / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D011788:Quality of Life; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014177:Translations