Salmonella flagellin enhances mucosal immunity of avian influenza vaccine in chickens.
Flagellin, a bioactive Toll-like receptor (TLR) 5 ligand, may trigger the innate immunity that in turn is important for subsequent adaptive immune responses. In the present study, the adjuvant effects of the monomeric and polymeric forms of Salmonella flagellin (mFliC and pFliC, respectively) were examined in specific-pathogen free (SPF) chickens immunized intramuscularly (i.m.) or intranasally (i.n.) with formalin-inactivated avian influenza virus (AIV) H5N2 vaccines. Results showed that mFliC cooperating with the 64CpG adjuvant significantly induced influenza-specific antibody titers of plasma IgA in the i.m.-vaccinated animals. The nasal IgA levels in the i.n.-mFliC-coadministrated AIV vaccinated chickens were significantly elevated compared to levels observed in the control group (H5N2 vaccine alone). The pFliC cooperating with the 64CpG adjuvant significantly enhanced cell proliferation of splenocytes in the i.m.-vaccinated animals. TLR3 and TLR5 expressions were activated by flagellin stimulation in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that flagellin can be used as an adjuvant in an AIV H5N2 vaccine, especially for mucosal immunity.
College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC. hcchaung@mail.npust.edu.tw
Hso-Chi
HC
Chaung
Li-Ting
LT
Cheng
Li-Hsiang
LH
Hung
Pei-Chun
PC
Tsai
Ioanna
I
Skountzou
Baozhong
B
Wang
Richard W
RW
Compans
Yi-Yang
YY
Lien
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D005408:Flagellin / Q000276:immunology*; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D053125:Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012475:Salmonella / Q000276:immunology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3 / Q000276:immunology; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D005408:Flagellin