Lachnoanaerobaculum gen. nov., a new genus in the Lachnospiraceae: characterization of Lachnoanaerobaculum umeaense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the human small intestine, and Lachnoanaerobaculum orale sp. nov., isolated from saliva, and reclassification of Eubacterium saburreum (Prevot 1966) Holdeman and Moore 1970 as Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum comb. nov.
Two novel obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, saccharolytic and non-proteolytic spore-forming bacilli (strains CD3:22(T) and N1(T)) are described. Strain CD3:22(T) was isolated from a biopsy of the small intestine of a child with coeliac disease, and strain N1(T) from the saliva of a healthy young man. The cells of both strains were observed to be filamentous, approximately 5 to >20 µm long, some of them curving and with swellings. The novel organisms produced H(2)S, NH(3), butyric acid and acetic acid as major metabolic end products. Phylogenetic analyses, based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealed close relationships (98% sequence similarity) between the two isolates, as well as the type strain of Eubacterium saburreum and four other Lachnospiraceae bacterium-/E. saburreum-like organisms. This group of bacteria were clearly different from any of the 19 known genera in the family Lachnospiraceae. While Eubacterium species are reported to be non-spore-forming, reanalysis of E. saburreum CCUG 28089(T) confirmed that the bacterium is indeed able to form spores. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, phenotypic and biochemical properties, strains CD3:22(T) and N1(T) represent novel species of a new and distinct genus, named Lachnoanaerobaculum gen. nov., in the family Lachnospiraceae [within the order Clostridiales, class Clostridia, phylum Firmicutes]. Strain CD3:22(T) (=CCUG 58757(T) =DSM 23576(T)) is the type strain of the type species, Lachnoanaerobaculum umeaense gen. nov., sp. nov., of the proposed new genus. Strain N1(T) (=CCUG 60305(T)=DSM 24553(T)) is the type strain of Lachnoanaerobaculum orale sp. nov. Moreover, Eubacterium saburreum is reclassified as Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum comb. nov. (type strain CCUG 28089(T) =ATCC 33271(T) =CIP 105341(T) =DSM 3986(T) =JCM 11021(T) =VPI 11763(T)).
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
Maria E
ME
Hedberg
Department of Infectious Disease, Sahlgrenska Academy of the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-405 30, Sweden.|CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg, Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg SE-413 45, Sweden.
Edward R B
ERB
Moore
CCUG - Culture Collection University of Gothenburg, Department of Clinical Bacteriology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg SE-413 45, Sweden.
Liselott
L
Svensson-Stadler
Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
Per
P
Hörstedt
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
Vladimir
V
Baranov
Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
Olle
O
Hernell
Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
Sun Nyunt
SN
Wai
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
Sten
S
Hammarström
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
Marie-Louise
ML
Hammarström
D000328:Adult; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005051:Eubacterium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S