Dengue virus type 4 phylogenetics in Brazil 2011: looking beyond the veil.
Dengue Fever and Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever are diseases affecting approximately 100 million people/year and are a major concern in developing countries. In the present study, the phylogenetic relationship of six strains of the first autochthonous cases of DENV-4 infection occurred in Sao Paulo State, Parana State and Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, 2011 were studied. Nucleotide sequences of the envelope gene were determined and compared with sequences representative of the genotypes I, II, III and Sylvatic for DEN4 retrieved from GenBank. We employed a Bayesian phylogenetic approach to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of Brazilian DENV-4 and we estimated evolutionary rates and dates of divergence for DENV-4 found in Brazil in 2011. All samples sequenced in this study were located in Genotype II. The studied strains are monophyletic and our data suggest that they have been evolving separately for at least 4 to 6 years. Our data suggest that the virus might have been present in the region for some time, without being noticed by Health Surveillance Services due to a low level of circulation and a higher prevalence of DENV-1 and DENV- 2.
Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil. renatoefabi@gmail.com
Renato Pereira
RP
de Souza
Iray M
IM
Rocco
Adriana Y
AY
Maeda
Carine
C
Spenassatto
Ivani
I
Bisordi
Akemi
A
Suzuki
Vivian R
VR
Silveira
Sarai J S
SJ
Silva
Roberta M
RM
Azevedo
Fernanda M
FM
Tolentino
Jaqueline C
JC
Assis
Margarida G
MG
Bassi
Bibiana P
BP
Dambrós
Gabriela L
GL
Tumioto
Tatiana S
TS
Gregianini
Luiza Terezinha M
LT
Souza
Maria do Carmo S T
Mdo C
Timenetsky
Cecília L S
CL
Santos
D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D012367:RNA, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C466981:glycoprotein E, dengue virus type 4