In vitro study of the effects of fluoride-releasing dental materials on remineralization in an enamel erosion model.
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to compare the remineralization effects of five regimens on the loss of fluorescence intensity, surface microhardness, roughness and microstructure of bovine enamel after remineralization. We hope that these results can provide some basis for the clinical application of these materials.


METHODS
One hundred bovine incisors were prepared and divided into the following five groups, which were treated with distinct dental materials: (1) Clinpro™ XT varnish (CV), (2) F-varnish (FV), (3) Tooth Mousse (TM), (4) Fuji III LC(®) light-cured glass ionomer pit and fissure sealant (FJ) and (5) Base Cement(®) glass polyalkenoate cement (BC). Subsequently, they were detected using four different methods: quantitative light-induced fluorescence, microhardness, surface 3D topography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).


RESULTS
The loss of fluorescence intensity of CV, BC and FJ groups showed significant decreases after remineralization (p<0.05). The microhardness values of the BC group were significantly higher than those of the other groups (p<0.05) after 6 weeks of remineralization. The CV group's surface roughness was significantly lower than those of the other groups after 6 weeks of remineralization (p<0.05). Regarding microstructure values, the FV group showed many round particles deposited in the bovine enamel after remineralization. However, the other four groups mainly showed needle-like crystals.


CONCLUSIONS
Glass ionomer cement (GIC)-based dental materials can promote more remineralization of the artificial enamel lesions than can NaF-based dental materials. Resin-modified GIC materials (e.g., CV and FJ) have the potential for more controlled and sustained release of remineralized agents. The effect of TM requires further study.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
San Ling
SL
Zhou
Jun
J
Zhou
Shigeru
S
Watanabe
Koji
K
Watanabe
Ling Ying
LY
Wen
Kun
K
Xuan
D000818:Animals; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005453:Fluorescence; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006244:Hardness; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; C500418:Clinpro Sealant; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides