The influence of ripening stage and cultivation system on the total antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds of yellow passion fruit pulp.
BACKGROUND
This work aimed to investigate the influence of both ripening stage and cultivation system on the total phenolic compounds (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of passion fruit pulp. TPC extraction was optimized using a 2³ central composed design. The variables were fruit pulp volume, methanol volume and extraction solution volume. TPC was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction, and TAA using the ABTS radical reaction.


RESULTS
The conditions to extract TPC were 2 mL passion fruit pulp and 9 mL extraction solution containing 40% methanol:water (v/v). TPC values increased in the passion fruit pulp during ripening for both cultivation systems, ranging from 281.8 to 361.9 mg gallic acid L⁻¹ (P ≤ 0.05) for the organic pulp and from 291.0 to 338.6 mg gallic acid L⁻¹ (P ≤ 0.05) for the conventional pulp.


CONCLUSIONS
TPC values increased during ripening for both organic and conventional passion fruit. The same was true for TAA values for conventional passion fruit. For organic passion fruit, however, TAA values were highest at the initial ripening stages. These results suggest that antioxidant compounds exert strong influence on the initial ripening stages for organic passion fruit, when TPC still did not reach its maximum level.
Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
Mariana S
MS
Macoris
Renata
R
De Marchi
Natália S
NS
Janzantti
Magali
M
Monteiro
D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D058870:Food, Organic; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D058871:Organic Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D029598:Passiflora / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D013844:Thiazoles; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid