Design strategies of fluorescent biosensors based on biological macromolecular receptors.
Fluorescent biosensors to detect the bona fide events of biologically important molecules in living cells are increasingly demanded in the field of molecular cell biology. Recent advances in the development of fluorescent biosensors have made an outstanding contribution to elucidating not only the roles of individual biomolecules, but also the dynamic intracellular relationships between these molecules. However, rational design strategies of fluorescent biosensors are not as mature as they look. An insatiable request for the establishment of a more universal and versatile strategy continues to provide an attractive alternative, so-called modular strategy, which permits facile preparation of biosensors with tailored characteristics by a simple combination of a receptor and a signal transducer. This review describes an overview of the progress in design strategies of fluorescent biosensors, such as auto-fluorescent protein-based biosensors, protein-based biosensors covalently modified with synthetic fluorophores, and signaling aptamers, and highlights the insight into how a given receptor is converted to a fluorescent biosensor. Furthermore, we will demonstrate a significance of the modular strategy for the sensor design.
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan. tainaka@iae.kyoto-u.ac.jp
Kazuki
K
Tainaka
Reiko
R
Sakaguchi
Hironori
H
Hayashi
Shun
S
Nakano
Fong Fong
FF
Liew
Takashi
T
Morii
D000345:Affinity Labels; D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide / Q000737:chemistry; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D052156:SELEX Aptamer Technique
D000345:Affinity Labels; D052157:Aptamers, Nucleotide; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011506:Proteins