Evaluation of the Manchester clinical supervision scale: Norwegian and Swedish versions.
OBJECTIVE
To develop Norwegian and Swedish versions of the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS) and to test and verify its hypothesized seven-factor structural model.


BACKGROUND
Nurse managers are responsible for upholding and ensuring quality of care as well as for maintaining staff competence, thus safeguarding the standard of care.


METHODS
The research process included a translation-back-translation procedure with monolingual and bilingual tests in addition to psychometric evaluation. The sample consisted of 150 student and registered nurses (RNs) from Norway and Sweden, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed.


RESULTS
The translated versions did not exhibit satisfactory validity and reliability. The confirmatory factor analysis failed to show a good model fit. Low α-values were revealed except for factors 1, 2, 3 and 7. The most important factors of the MCSS were Trust/Rapport, Supervisor advice/Support, Improved care/Skills and Reflection.


CONCLUSIONS
Translation of an instrument for cross-cultural nursing research is important, although there are methodological limitations associated with construct validity. IMPLICATION FOR NURSE MANAGERS: Instruments for the evaluation of nursing care are necessary in order to formulate strategies at a managerial level. Nurse managers who encourage nurses to attend supervision promote professional development and enhance patient safety.
Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Vestfold University College, Tönsberg, Norway. elisabeth.severinsson@hive.no
Elisabeth
E
Severinsson
D004650:Employee Performance Appraisal / Q000379:methods*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007802:Language; D009664:Norway; D015401:Nursing Administration Research; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D009745:Nursing, Supervisory / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D011594:Psychometrics; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014175:Translating