A brief survey to characterize oxycodone abuse patterns in adolescents enrolled in two substance abuse recovery high schools.
BACKGROUND
Although oxycodone is one of the most widely available and abused opioids, little published information exists on the abuse of immediate-release oxycodone.


OBJECTIVE
To obtain information on abuse of oxycodone and the effectiveness of abuse-deterrent strategies, especially for immediate-release oxycodone, we surveyed oxycodone abuse patterns in a population of experienced opioid abusers.


METHODS
Students or recent graduates of two substance abuse recovery high schools in Massachusetts were surveyed on abuse behaviors with short-acting single-entity oxycodone (e.g., Roxicodone), short-acting combination oxycodone (e.g., Percocet), and extended-release oxycodone.


RESULTS
Twenty-four students completed surveys. Mean age was 17.7 years (range 16-19), and mean age at first abuse of oxycodone was 15 (range 13-18). Overall, 56% of students reported oxycodone as their favorite prescription opioid to abuse. The primary preferred method of abuse of all oxycodone formulations was intranasal administration: 83% of single-entity oxycodone abusers preferred intranasal administration compared with 67% of combination oxycodone abusers and 69% of extended-release oxycodone abusers. Approximately half of our respondents preferred to ingest oxycodone orally, 25-38% of respondents swallowed the pill intact, and another 13-17% chewed the pill before swallowing. Maximum dose ever abused at one time ranged from 15 to 400 mg. Most respondents had abused ≥60 mg of oxycodone at a time.


CONCLUSIONS
In this small study, adolescent oxycodone abusers use high quantities of oxycodone at a time, alter routes of administration for not only extended-release but also immediate-release products, and commonly abuse single-entity oxycodone products. Abuse-deterrent formulations may be one strategy for addressing such behaviors.
Department of Psychometrics and Outcomes, Analgesic Solutions, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
Eric D
ED
Osgood
Thomas A
TA
Eaton
Jeremiah J
JJ
Trudeau
Nathaniel P
NP
Katz
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D010098:Oxycodone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D010098:Oxycodone