Proline dehydrogenase: a key enzyme in controlling cellular homeostasis.
Proline dehydrogenase (ProDH), also called proline oxidase (POX), is a universal enzyme in living organisms. It catalyzes the oxidation of L-proline to delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate leading to the release of electrons, which can be transferred to either electron transfer systems or to molecular oxygen. ProDH is not only essential for proline catabolism but also plays key roles in providing energy, shuttling redox potential between cellular compartments and reactive oxygen species production. Structural analysis of prokaryotic ProDHs already gives some insights into the biochemical activity and biological functions of this enzyme, which can be extended to eukaryotic ProDHs based on sequence similarities. Here we report the most recent investigations on the biochemical and regulation of ProDH at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and translational levels. The biological roles of ProDH in cell homeostasis and adaptation through energetic, developmental, adaptive, physiological and pathological processes in eukaryotes are presented and discussed to create a framework for future research direction.
UPMC Paris 06 University, UR5 EAC7180 CNRS, Physiologie Cellulaire et Moleculaire des Plantes, Case 156, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris.
Caroline
C
Servet
Thanos
T
Ghelis
Luc
L
Richard
Aviah
A
Zilberstein
Arnould
A
Savoure
D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010802:Phylogeny; D011394:Proline Oxidase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C080683:PutA protein, Bacteria; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011394:Proline Oxidase