Synchronous endoscopy and sonotubometry of the eustachian tube:  a pilot study.
OBJECTIVE
To describe for the first time a method of recording of Eustachian tube (ET) function by simultaneous and synchronous endoscopy and sonotubometry and explore its advantages compared with the performance of these tests independently.


METHODS
Observational study.


METHODS
Academic tertiary medical center.


METHODS
Eighteen healthy subjects.


METHODS
Endoscopic nasopharyngoscopy with simultaneous, synchronous sonotubometry. Each subject performed three maneuvers: pronouncing the constant "k", swallowing and yawning.


METHODS
The number of ET opening as a fraction of all efforts to open the tube, the duration of each opening and the sound intensity recorded by sonotubometry.


RESULTS
Six (35.3%) of 17 subjects used for data analysis did not open their ET during swallowing. Excluding nonopeners, the ET opened in 3 of 4 of the swallows. The average duration of opening of the ET during swallowing was 0.44 seconds. The ET does not open every time the endoscopic view notes dilation. A negative sound pressure wave was recorded in a number of instances, immediately preceding a swallow-related opening. Contraction of the tensor veli palatini muscle was essential for ET opening.


CONCLUSIONS
Simultaneous synchronous endoscopy and sonotubometry may improve the accuracy of either performed separately as an ET function measurement tool. Sonotubometry may prevent a false-positive endoscopy (ET viewed as open but no functional patency achieved). Endoscopy can lower the threshold considered as positive for sonotubometry. A negative pressure wave recorded by sonotubometry may reflect the ET role of clearing the middle ear of secretions toward the nasopharynx. This novel measurement technique provided additional evidence that the tensor veli palatini muscle provides the final opening action of the ET.
Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck, Oro-Maxillary Surgery, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
Ophir
O
Handzel
Dennis
D
Poe
Robert J
RJ
Marchbanks
D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000328:Adult; D003679:Deglutition; D004106:Dilatation; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy; D005064:Eustachian Tube / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012016:Reference Values; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult