Cardiovascular screening of people with severe mental illness in England: views of service users and providers.
OBJECTIVE
In England national clinical guidelines recommend annual screening for cardiovascular risk factors among individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder within primary care supported by efforts to promote healthy behaviors by secondary psychiatric services. This study elicited the views of primary and specialty mental health care staff and service users about such service arrangements and barriers to implementation.


METHODS
Surveys were mailed to a representative cross-section of service users, community mental health team (CMHT) staff, and primary care staff in Western England and London.


RESULTS
Surveys were completed by 227 service users, 143 primary care staff, and 166 CMHT staff. A majority of staff stated that cardiovascular disease screening and risk reduction work were important, felt that this work was best accomplished in primary care settings, and anticipated good uptake among service users. More than 80% of service users viewed cardiovascular screening favorably, but 30% had not been screened in the past year. The proportion of service users prepared to make healthy changes in their lifestyle varied from 37% to 51%, depending on the change contemplated, but many cited difficulty traveling (35%), time pressures (28%), and a distaste for courses or group work (23%) as barriers to attending courses in healthy living.


CONCLUSIONS
The obstacles to service identified by this study reinforce the importance of providing incentives for both providers and users of services to improve implementation of national clinical guidelines on mental illness.
Mental Health Sciences Unit, University College London, Bloomsbury Campus, London, United Kingdom. a.pitman@ucl.ac.uk
Alexandra L
AL
Pitman
David P J
DP
Osborn
Christine A
CA
Wright
Irwin
I
Nazareth
Michael B
MB
King
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013222:State Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D055815:Young Adult