Efficacy of protamine zinc recombinant human insulin for controlling hyperglycemia in dogs with diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
Alternative insulin preparations are needed when NPH insulin is ineffective in diabetic dogs. This study evaluated the efficacy of recombinant human protamine zinc insulin (rhPZI) for treating diabetic dogs.


OBJECTIVE
rhPZI is effective for treating diabetic dogs.


METHODS
Six newly diagnosed and 11 insulin-treated diabetic dogs.


METHODS
Prospective clinical trial. Dogs were treated with rhPZI for 60 days. Control of glycemia was assessed on days 7, 14, 30, and 60 by evaluation of history, physical examination, body weight, serum fructosamine concentration, and blood glucose concentrations measured before and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours after rhPZI administration. Adjustments in dosage of rhPZI were made as needed to control glycemia.


RESULTS
rhPZI administration resulted in a significant decrease in 10-hour mean blood glucose (MBG(10h) ; 299 ± 115 versus 457 ± 38 mg/dL, X ± SD, P = .0003) and serum fructosamine (478 ± 83 versus 557 ± 104 μmol/L, P = .006) concentration at day 60, compared with day 1, respectively. By day 60, polyuria and polydipsia had improved in 14, body weight was stable or increased in 16, MBG(10h) had decreased in 16, and serum fructosamine concentration had decreased in 11 of 17 dogs, compared with day 1. Hypoglycemia (<80 mg/dL) was the only consistent adverse event.


CONCLUSIONS
rhPZI is effective in diabetic dogs and can be considered as an alternative treatment in diabetic dogs that are poorly controlled using other insulin preparations.
Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
A Della
AD
Maggiore
R W
RW
Nelson
J
J
Dennis
E
E
Johnson
P H
PH
Kass
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D019270:Fructosamine / Q000097:blood; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D019270:Fructosamine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane