American visceral leishmaniasis in Chiapas, Mexico.
We report the results of a study conducted during 1990-2006 with 89 cases of American visceral leishmaniasis in Chiapas State in southeastern Mexico and a seroprevalence study performed with 726 persons and 224 dogs that lived near cases of American visceral leishmaniasis. Clinical aspects, epidemiologic profiles, and risk factors are described. Most cases were in children ≤ 5 years of age, the prevalence of seropositive persons was 77%. The main risk factors associated with this disease were having 1-3 rooms in a house compared with ≥ 4 rooms, having a roof that was not made of cement, and having domestic animals. In contrast, only 19% of dogs were seropositive, suggesting that this species is not important in the transmission cycle of Leishmania. These data indicate that active transmission is taking place in the central valley of Chiapas State, Mexico, in communities located < 1,000 meters above sea level near the Grijalva River.
Departamento de Prevención y Control de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vector, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México.
Jorge A
JA
Pastor-Santiago
Susana
S
Chávez-López
Carmen
C
Guzmán-Bracho
Ana
A
Flisser
Angélica
A
Olivo-Díaz
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000276:immunology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan