Bioremediation of chromium by novel strains Enterobacter aerogenes T2 and Acinetobacter sp. PD 12 S2.
OBJECTIVE
This study had an objective to identify the most potent chromium-resistant bacteria isolated from tannery effluent and apply them for bioremediation of chromium in tannery effluents.


METHODS
Two such strains (previously characterized and identified by us)--Enterobacter aerogenes (NCBI GenBank USA Accession no. GU265554) and Acinetobacter sp. PD 12 (NCBI GenBank USA Accession no. GU084179)--showed powerful chromium resistivity and bioremediation capabilities among many stains isolated from tannery waste. Parameters such as pH, concentration of hexavalent chromium or Cr (VI), and inoculum volume were varied to observe optimum bioconversion and bioaccumulation of Cr (VI) when the said strains were grown in M9 minimal salt media. E. aerogenes was used to remediate chromium from tannery effluents in a laboratory level experiment.


RESULTS
Observation by Scanning Electron Microscope and chromium peak in Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopic microanalysis revealed that E. aerogenes helped remediate a moderate amount of Cr (VI) (8-16 mg L(-1)) over a wide range of pH values at 35-37°C (within 26.05 h). High inoculum percentage of Acinetobacter sp. PD 12 also enabled bioremediation of 8-16 mg L(-1) of Cr (VI) over a wide range of temperature (25-37°C), mainly at pH 7 (within 63.28 h). The experiment with real tannery effluent gave very encouraging results.


CONCLUSIONS
The strain E. aerogenes can be used in bioremediation of Cr (VI) since it could work in actual environmental conditions with extraordinarily high capacity.
Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Biosensor Laboratory, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
Jigisha
J
Panda
Priyabrata
P
Sarkar
D000150:Acinetobacter / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D059827:Agricultural Inoculants; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002857:Chromium / Q000378:metabolism*; D021902:Enterobacter aerogenes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods
D007220:Industrial Waste; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion