Effect of cigarette smoking on paraoxonase 1 activity according to PON1 L55M and PON1 Q192R gene polymorphisms.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity according to PON1 L55M and PON1 Q192R gene polymorphisms.


METHODS
Our sample included 300 voluntary subjects: 138 nonsmokers and 162 current smokers aged 38.47 ± 21.91 and 35.55 ± 16.03 years, respectively. PON1 activity was determined by kinetic methods. L55M and Q192R gene polymorphisms of PON1 were determined by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).


RESULTS
We found in smokers a significant decrease of PON1 activity before and after adjustment. We noted a significant association between smoking status and lower PON1 activity [odds ratio (OR) = 3.03, confidence interval 95% = 1.5-5.9, p = 0.001]. In smokers, there was significant association between PON1 activity and PON1 L55M polymorphisms (p = 0.01). Also, the 55MM genotype presented the lowest paraoxonase activity, while the 55LL genotype showed the highest one. After adjustment for confounding variables, smokers with PON1 L55M polymorphism had the highest risk for lower PON1 activity; however, PON1 Q192R genotype might protect smokers from decrease in PON1 activity. We found significant interaction between the effect of cigarette smoking and both PON1 L55M and PON1 Q192R polymorphisms on lower PON1 activity.


CONCLUSIONS
Cigarette smoking was significantly associated with decrease in PON1 activity. Moreover, PON1 L55M polymorphism predisposes smokers to decreased PON1 activity in contrast to PON1 Q192R genotype.
Laboratory of Biochemistry-Toxicology, Monastir University Hospital, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia. hajdhouha@yahoo.fr
Dhouha
D
Haj Mouhamed
Asma
A
Ezzaher
Anwar
A
Mechri
Fadoua
F
Neffati
Asma
A
Omezzine
Ali
A
Bouslama
Lotfi
L
Gaha
Wahiba
W
Douki
Mohamed Fadhel
MF
Najjar
D000328:Adult; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003367:Cotinine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060885:Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000097:blood*; D014416:Tunisia; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D013861:Thiocyanates; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human; D003367:Cotinine; C031760:thiocyanate