Independence of amplitude-frequency and phase calibrations in an SSVEP-based BCI using stepping delay flickering sequences.
This study proposes a steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interface (BCI) independent of amplitude-frequency and phase calibrations. Six stepping delay flickering sequences (SDFSs) at 32-Hz flickering frequency were used to implement a six-command BCI system. EEG signals recorded from Oz position were first filtered within 29-35 Hz, segmented based on trigger events of SDFSs to obtain SDFS epochs, and then stored separately in epoch registers. An epoch-average process suppressed the inter-SDFS interference. For each detection point, the latest six SDFS epochs in each epoch register were averaged and the normalized power of averaged responses was calculated. The visual target that induced the maximum normalized power was identified as the visual target. Eight subjects were recruited in this study. All subjects were requested to produce the "563241" command sequence four times. The averaged accuracy, command transfer interval, and information transfer rate (mean ± std.) values for all eight subjects were 97.38 ± 5.97%, 3.56 ± 0.68 s, and 42.46 ± 11.17 bits/min, respectively. The proposed system requires no calibration in either the amplitude-frequency characteristic or the reference phase of SSVEP which may provide an efficient and reliable channel for the neuromuscular disabled to communicate with external environments.
Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli 320, Taiwan. box@cycu.org.tw
Hsiang-Chih
HC
Chang
Po-Lei
PL
Lee
Men-Tzung
MT
Lo
I-Hui
IH
Lee
Ting-Kuang
TK
Yeh
Chun-Yen
CY
Chang
D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000703:Analog-Digital Conversion; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D002138:Calibration; D004566:Electrodes; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009862:Online Systems; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult