Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) are major contributors to the persistent organobromine load in sub-Arctic and Arctic marine mammals, 1986-2009.
A selection of MeO-BDE and BDE congeners were analyzed in pooled blubber samples of pilot whale (Globicephala melas), ringed seal (Phoca hispida), minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata), and Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), covering a time period of more than 20 years (1986-2009). The analytes were extracted and cleaned-up using open column extraction and multi-layer silica gel column chromatography. The analysis was performed using both low resolution and high resolution GC-MS. MeO-PBDE concentrations relative to total PBDE concentrations varied greatly between sampling periods and species. The highest MeO-PBDE levels were found in the toothed whale species pilot whale and white-sided dolphin, often exceeding the concentration of the most abundant PBDE, BDE-47. The lowest MeO-PBDE levels were found in fin whales and ringed seals. The main MeO-BDE congeners were 6-MeO-BDE47 and 2'-MeO-BDE68. A weak correlation only between BDE47 and its methoxylated analog 6-MeO-BDE47 was found and is indicative of a natural source for MeO-PBDEs.
Man-Technology-Environment (MTM) Research Centre, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden. anna.rotander@oru.se
Anna
A
Rotander
Bert
B
van Bavel
Frank
F
Rigét
Guðjón Atli
GA
Auðunsson
Anuschka
A
Polder
Geir Wing
GW
Gabrielsen
Gísli
G
Víkingsson
Bjarni
B
Mikkelsen
Maria
M
Dam
D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000378:metabolism*; D001110:Arctic Regions; D001822:Body Burden; D004289:Dolphins / Q000378:metabolism; D050617:Fin Whale / Q000378:metabolism; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis*; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis*; D050636:Minke Whale / Q000378:metabolism; D046049:Phoca / Q000378:metabolism; D050741:Phocoena / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014907:Whales / Q000378:metabolism; D050686:Whales, Pilot / Q000378:metabolism
D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C086401:pentabromodiphenyl ether