Synthesis of phthalocyanine conjugates with gold nanoparticles and liposomes for photodynamic therapy.
The efficiency of [2,9,17,23-tetrakis-(1,6-hexanedithiol)phthalocyaninato]zinc(II) as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent was investigated. This compound belongs to the second generation of photosensitizers currently tested for the cellular photo-damage of cancer cells. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phototoxicity of the photosensitizer were assessed. Healthy fibroblast cells and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells were treated with either free phthalocyanine or phthalocyanine bound to either gold nanoparticles or encapsulated in liposomes. Cell viability studies showed the optimum phototoxic effect on non-malignant cells to be 4.5 J cm(-2). The PDT effect of the liposome bound phthalocyanine showed extensive damage of the breast cancer cells. Gold nanoparticles only showed a modest improvement in PDT activity.
Rhodes University, Chemistry Department, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
Nolwazi
N
Nombona
Kaminee
K
Maduray
Edith
E
Antunes
Aletta
A
Karsten
Tebello
T
Nyokong
D000042:Absorption; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D054833:Isoindoles; D008081:Liposomes; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
D007211:Indoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D008081:Liposomes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; D006046:Gold; D015032:Zinc; C013647:phthalocyanine