Rotatory knee laxity tests and the pivot shift as tools for ACL treatment algorithm.
The goal of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery is to eliminate the pivot shift phenomenon. Different injury mechanisms and injury patterns may lead to specific knee laxity patterns. Computer navigation is helpful for the surgeon during examination under anesthesia. Surgical treatment may have to be altered if high-grade laxity is detected preoperatively for example by utilizing a computer navigation that is a helpful adjunct for surgeons during examination under anesthesia. A typical case for revision ACL reconstruction is presented. This article describes several techniques of laxity assessments. Based on the type and degree of pathologic laxity, a treatment algorithm has been developed.


METHODS
V.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Sports Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3200 S Water Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15203, USA. musahlv@upmc.edu
Volker
V
Musahl
Sebastian
S
Kopf
Stephen
S
Rabuck
Roland
R
Becker
Willem
W
van der Merwe
Stefano
S
Zaffagnini
Freddie H
FH
Fu
Jon
J
Karlsson
D000293:Adolescent; D000465:Algorithms; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D053587:Arthrometry, Articular; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005538:Football / Q000293:injuries; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D053656:Tenodesis / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome