title: Association of polymorphisms in genes encoding hormone receptors ESR1, ESR2 and LHCGR with the risk and clinical features of testicular germ cell cancer.
abstract: Testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) is the most common malignancy in young men. Genetic variants known to be associated with risk of TGCC only partially account for the observed familial risks. We aimed to identify additional polymorphisms associated with risk as well as histological and clinical features of TGCC in 367 patients and 214 controls. Polymorphisms in ESR2 (rs1256063; OR=0.53, 95% CI: 0.35-0.79) and LHCGR (rs4597581; OR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.89, and rs4953617; OR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.21-2.94) associated with risk of TGCC. Polymorphisms in ESR1 (rs9397080; OR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.18-2.91) and LHCGR (rs7371084; OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.26-4.49) associated with risk of seminoma and metastasis, respectively. SNPs in ESR1 (rs9397080) and LHCGR (rs7371084) were predictors of higher LH levels and higher androgen sensitivity index in healthy subjects. The results suggest that polymorphisms in ESR1, ESR2 and LHCGR contribute to the risk of developing TGCC, histological subtype, and risk to metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Lund University, Sweden. leon.brokken@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Leon J S
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Brokken
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lundberg-Giwercman
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rajpert De-Meyts
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eberhard
authors.forename: Olof
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ståhl
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cohn-Cedermark
authors.forename: Gedske
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daugaard
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arver
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giwercman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D013734:Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics*; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000032:analysis; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D011974:Receptors, LH; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone