title: Tissue-specific responses of lipoprotein lipase to dietary macronutrient composition as a predictor of weight gain over 4 years.
abstract: This study evaluated if the effect of dietary macronutrient composition on adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (ATLPL) and skeletal muscle lipoprotein lipase (SMLPL) predicted the long-term (over 4 years) changes in body weight and composition in free-living adults. Using a crossover design, 39 healthy subjects (n = 24 normal weight, n = 7 overweight, n = 8 obese) each followed a 2-week isocaloric high-carbohydrate (HC; 55% CHO:25% fat) and high-fat (HF; 30% CHO:50% fat) diet. On day 15 of each diet, biopsies were performed in the fasted state and 6 h after a meal. Body weight and composition were measured annually over 4 years. The outcomes for body weight, fat mass and % body fat were assessed using a linear two-stage mixed model. The mean (±SEM) increase in body weight and fat mass over 4 years was 0.29 ± 0.15 kg/year (P = 0.063) and 0.31 ± 0.15 kg/year (P = 0.051), respectively. The most consistent predictors of future body weight and fat changes were the ΔATLPL and ΔSMLPL responses (0-6 h) to a HC diet/meal. For the HC diet/meal, the subjects who had an increase in ATLPL activity/cell gained more % body fat over 4 years (P = 0.006) whereas subjects who had a decrease in SMLPL activity/g also had an increase in fat mass (P = 0.021). No significant relationships were observed between fasting ATLPL and SMLPL or enzyme responses to meals and any of the outcomes following the HF diet. In free-living adults the variability in tissue-specific lipoprotein lipase (LPL) responsiveness to a HC diet/meal predicts longitudinal changes in body composition.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferland
authors.forename: Marie-Ludivine
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Château-Degat
authors.forename: Teri L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Eckel
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000201:enzymology*; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000201:enzymology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase