title: Fabrication of a Layered Microstructured Polymeric Microspheres as a Cell Carrier for Nucleus Pulposus Regeneration.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of nanostructured 3D poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) constructs, which are loaded with dexamethasone (DEX) and growth factor embedded hepaiin/poly(L-lysine) nanoparticles by a layer-by-layer system, to serve as an effective scaffold for nucleus pulposus (NP) tissue engineering. Our results demonstrated that the microsphere constructs were capable of simultaneously releasing basic fibroblast growth factor and DEX with approximately zero-order kinetics. The dual bead microspheres showed no cytotoxicity, and promoted the proliferation of the rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) by lactate dehydrogenase assay and CCK-8 assay. After 4 weeks of culture in vitro, the rMSCs- scaffold hybrids contained significantly higher levels of sulfated GAG/DNA and type-II collagen than the control samples. Moreover, quantity real-time PCR analysis revealed that the expression of disc-matrix proteins, including type-II collagen, aggrecan and versican, in the rMSCs-scaffold hybrids was significantly higher than the control group, whereas the expression of osteogenic differentiation marker type-I collagen was decreased. Taken together, these data indicate that the heparin bound bFGF-coated and DEX-loaded PLGA microsphere constructs is an effective bioactive scaffold for the regeneration of NP tissue.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , 88 Jie Fang Road , Hangzhou , 310009 , Zhejiang , P. R. China.
authors.forename: Chengzhen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhiru
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaopeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yiqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Yuxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Fangcai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qixin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008863:Microspheres; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011107:Polylysine / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011107:Polylysine; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D003907:Dexamethasone; D006493:Heparin; D003094:Collagen; D004247:DNA; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase