title: Adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells for prevention and treatment of spontaneous abortion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine whether adoptive transfer with in vitro expanded CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) could prevent immune response-mediated spontaneous abortion in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female CBA/J mice were mated with male Balb/c as the control with normal pregnancy or with DBA/2J mice as a model of spontaneous abortion. The CBA/J mice mated with DBA/2J were treated intravenously with freshly isolated or in vitro expanded Tregs on day 1 or 4 of pregnancy, respectively. The numbers of surviving and reabsorbed fetuses in the different groups of mice were counted on day 14 of pregnancy, and the concentrations of cytokines in individual sera and the supernatants of cultured Tregs were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adoptive transfer with freshly isolated Tregs only slightly reduced the fetal resorption rate, which was not significantly different from that of the mice without Treg treatment, regardless of treatment at early stage and implementation of pregnancy. In contrast, adoptive transfer with in vitro expanded Tregs significantly reduced the fetal resorption rates, particularly for treatment at early stage of pregnancy (P<0.05). Furthermore, adoptive transfer with in vitro expanded Tregs at early stage of pregnancy significantly increased the levels of serum IL-10, TGF-β1, and the ratios of IL-10 to IFN-γ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data clearly indicated that adoptive transfer with in vitro expanded Tregs at early stage of pregnancy protected fetuses from spontaneous abortion by re-establishing immune tolerance in mice.
authors.affiliation: Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China.
authors.forename: Yongxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019264:Adoptive Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D005260:Female; D005327:Fetal Resorption / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D011247:Pregnancy; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma