title: Meat consumption, cooking methods, mutagens, and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a case-control study in Uruguay.
abstract: The role of meat in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (ESCC) has been considered conflictive. For this reason, we decided to conduct a case-control study on meat consumption and ESCC. Data included 234 newly diagnosed and microscopically examined ESCC and 2,020 controls with conditions not related to tobacco smoking nor alcohol drinking and without changes in their diets. We studied total meat, red meat, beef, lamb, processed meat, poultry, fish, total white meat, liver, fried meat, barbecued meat, boiled meat, heterocyclic amines, nitrosodimethylamine, and benzo[a]pyrene in relation with the risk of ESCC. Red meat, lamb, and boiled meat were directly associated with the risk of ESCC, whereas total white meat, poultry, fish, and liver were mainly protective against this malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Group, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Montevideo, Uruguay. estefani@adinet.com.uy
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Stefani
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deneo-Pellegrini
authors.forename: Alvaro L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ronco
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boffetta
authors.forename: Pelayo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Dagfinn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aune
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mendilaharsu
authors.forename: Gisele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Landó
authors.forename: María E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Luaces
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods*; D004032:Diet; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D014583:Uruguay / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens