title: Trends in early and late diagnosis of HIV-1 infections in Tokyoites from 2002 to 2010.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to delineate the trends in early and late diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in newly diagnosed Tokyoites.
  
  
  METHODS
  The BED assay was used to identify cases diagnosed at an early stage of infection. BED-positive non-AIDS cases with a CD4 cell count ≥ 200/μl were defined as cases with recent infection. The rates of AIDS and recent infection in 809 newly diagnosed Tokyoites during 2002-2010 were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AIDS rate was 22.5%. AIDS patients were older (40.4 years) than non-AIDS patients (35.0 years), and a smaller proportion were men who have sex with men (MSM) in AIDS patients (81.7%) than in non-AIDS patients (89.9%). The AIDS rate was persistently lower (≤ 14.3%) in ≤ 29-year-old than in ≥ 30-year-old MSM. The rate of recent infection was 24.4%. Individuals with recent infection (33.0 years old) were younger than the others (37.2 years). The rate of recent infection was lower (≤ 18.5%) in MSM aged ≥ 40 years than in those aged ≤ 39 years during the study period, except for 2007 and 2008.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Younger MSM Tokyoites appear to be aware of the risk of their sexual behavior, sufficient to take voluntary HIV testing repeatedly, resulting in early diagnosis. Older MSM did not take HIV testing frequently enough and may be a good target for campaigns promoting testing.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsunefusa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashida
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gatanaga
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Fujie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Negishi
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis / Q000639:trends*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D014041:Tokyo / Q000453:epidemiology