title: Urinary survivin mRNA expression and urinary nuclear matrix protein 22 BladderChek® and urine cytology in the detection of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the diagnostic performance of urine cytology (UC), survivin mRNA expression, and the NMP22 BladderChek® (NMP22BC) test for the detection, grading and staging of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Voided urine samples collected from 25 healthy controls and 80 patients diagnosed with TCC of the bladder were subjected to UC, the NMP22BC test and reverse-transcription real-time PCR for survivin mRNA expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survivin mRNA expression showed the highest sensitivity (87.5%) followed by the NMP22BC test (61.3%) while UC exhibited the lowest sensitivity (40%). All three urine markers had a similar specificity of 96% (95% CI 80.5-99.3%). Survivin mRNA expression was the only urine marker that showed a significant difference in relation to tumour histological grade (χ(2) 8.5, p = 0.015). None of the three urine markers was significantly related to tumour pathological stages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnostic sensitivity of urinary survivin mRNA expression was superior to that of UC and the NMP22BC test and correlates with tumour pathological grade but not stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait.
authors.forename: May
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Maghrebi
authors.forename: Elijah O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Kehinde
authors.forename: Kusum
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kapila
authors.forename: Jehoram T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Anim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003581:Cytodiagnosis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C100379:nuclear matrix protein 22