title: The 25(OH)D level needed to maintain a favorable bisphosphonate response is ≥33 ng/ml.
abstract: Why only some osteoporotic patients maintain response to prolonged bisphosphonate therapy is unknown. We examined bisphosphonate response and its association with serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) level in a "real world" setting. Serum 25(OH)D level was strongly associated with maintaining bisphosphonate response arguing that vitamin D may be involved in optimizing prolonged bisphosphonate therapy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This study examined the maintenance of bisphosphonate response in the "real world" setting and the association between 25(OH)D and bisphosphonate response using an established composite definition of response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (BMD) treated with bisphosphonates were identified from two New York City practices. Patients were excluded for a history of chronic steroid use, metabolic bone disease, or bisphosphonate non-adherence. Patients were categorized as bisphosphonate non-responders if they had a T-score < -3 that persisted between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans, a >3% decrease in BMD, or an incident fracture on bisphosphonate therapy, criteria based on the EUROFORS trial. Demographic and clinical data including mean 25(OH)D levels between DEXA scans were obtained. Mean 25(OH)D levels were compared between responders and non-responders and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with non-response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 210 patients were studied. A favorable response to bisphosphonate therapy was seen in 47% (N = 99/210). Patients with a mean 25(OH)D ≥33 ng/ml had a ~4.5-fold greater odds of a favorable response (P < 0.0001). 25(OH)D level was significantly associated with response - a 1 ng/ml decrease in 25(OH)D was associated with ~5% decrease in odds of responding (odds ratio = 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-0.98; P = 0.0006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with a mean 25(OH)D ≥33 ng/ml had a substantially greater likelihood of maintaining bisphosphonate response. This threshold level of 25(OH)D is higher than that considered adequate by the Institute of Medicine, arguing that higher levels may be required for specific therapeutic outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 505 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA. als7004@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Carmel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shieh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bockman
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D