title: Expression of cancer stem cell markers ALDH1, CD44 and CD133 in primary tumor and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.
abstract: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Recently, cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumors were found to possess the ability to sustain tumor self-renewal, initiate tumor progression, and possibly also contribute to cancer metastasis. We immunohistochemically examined expression and distribution of representative CSC markers ALDH1, CD44, and CD133 in primary tumors and lymph node metastasis of GC. Among 190 GC primary tumors, 104 (55%) were positive for ALDH1, 117 (62%) were positive for CD44, and 18 (9%) were positive for CD133. Expression of these three CSC markers was significantly associated with advanced clinicopathologic factors. Patients with CD44- and CD133-positive GC had a poorer survival rate than patients with CD44- and CD133-negative GC (CD44: P < 0.001, CD133: P= 0.006). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed tumor node metastasis stage, CD44 expression, and CD133 expression to be independent predictors of survival in patients with GC. Comparison of CSC markers in primary and metastatic sites showed ALDH1 positivity to be significantly higher in diffuse-type lymph node metastasis than in the primary tumor (P < 0.001). These results indicate that these CSC markers are important in tumor invasion and metastasis and may be good markers indicating long-term survival in patients with GC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wakamatsu
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Htoo Zarni
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Oo
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uraoka
authors.forename: Katsuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anami
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sentani
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oue
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yasui
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000368:Aged; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D007527:Isoenzymes; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; C510223:ALDH1A1 protein, human; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase