title: Accelerating control of pertussis in England and Wales.
abstract: Results of an accelerated pertussis vaccination schedule for infants introduced in 1990 in England and Wales were examined. Earlier scheduling and sustained high vaccine coverage resulted in fewer reported cases of pertussis among infants, reinforcing the World Health Organization drive for on-time completion of the infant vaccination schedule. As determined by using the screening method, the first dose of vaccine was 61.7% effective in infants <6 months of age, and effectiveness increased with subsequent doses. Three doses of a good whole-cell pertussis vaccine were 83.7% effective in children 10-16 years of age; a preschool booster vaccination further reduced pertussis incidence in children <10 years of age. As in other industrialized countries, surveillance data during 1998-2009 showed that pertussis in England and Wales mainly persists in young infants (i.e., <3 months of age), teenagers, and adults. Future vaccine program changes may be beneficial, but additional detail is required to inform such decisions.
authors.affiliation: Health Protection Agency, London, UK. helen.campbell@hpa.org.uk
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Gayatri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amirthalingam
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Norman K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Fry
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Timothy G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods*; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007223:Infant; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D013997:Time Factors; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D014917:Whooping Cough / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D010567:Pertussis Vaccine