title: Oiling the brain: a review of randomized controlled trials of omega-3 fatty acids in psychopathology across the lifespan.
abstract: Around one in four people suffer from mental illness at some stage in their lifetime. There is increasing awareness of the importance of nutrition, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), for optimal brain development and function. Hence in recent decades, researchers have explored effects of n-3 PUFA on mental health problems over the lifespan, from developmental disorders in childhood, to depression, aggression, and schizophrenia in adulthood, and cognitive decline, dementia and Alzheimer's disease in late adulthood. This review provides an updated overview of the published and the registered clinical trials that investigate effects of n-3 PUFA supplementation on mental health and behavior, highlighting methodological differences and issues.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Frome Road, Adelaide 5000, Australia. natalie.sinn@unisa.edu.au
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Milte
authors.forename: Peter R C
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Howe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011599:Psychopathology / Q000379:methods*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3