title: The role of Doppler ultrasound in rheumatic diseases.
abstract: The use of Doppler techniques, including power, colour and spectral Doppler, has greatly increased in rheumatology in recent years. This is due to the ability of Doppler US (DUS) to detect pathological vascularization within joints and periarticular soft tissues, thereby demonstrating the presence of active inflammation, which has been reported to be correlated with the local neo-angiogenesis. In synovitis, DUS showed a high correlation with histological and MRI findings, thus it is considered a valid tool to detect pathological synovial vascularization. Moreover, it is more sensitive than clinical examination in detecting active joint inflammation and in the evaluation of response to treatment. In addition, DUS may be considered as a reference imaging modality in the assessment of enthesitis, MRI being not sensitive and histology not feasible. Moreover, it has been demonstrated to be able to detect changes in asymptomatic enthesis. In conclusion, DUS is a useful and sensitive tool in the evaluation and monitoring of active inflammation. Its widespread use in clinical rheumatological practice is recommended. The aim of this article is to review the current literature about the role of DUS in rheumatic diseases, analysing its validity, reliability and feasibility.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche: Reumatologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, V. le del Policlinico 155, Rome 00161, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Porta
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Radunovic
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vlad
authors.forename: Mihaela C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Micu
authors.forename: Rodina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nestorova
authors.forename: Tzvetanka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Petranova
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iagnocco
mesh_terms: D001168:Arthritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013585:Synovitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging