title: The interactions of spore-coat morphogenetic proteins studied by single-molecule recognition force spectroscopy.
abstract: Bacillus subtilis can form a spore, which is a dormant type of cell, when its external environment becomes unsuitable for vegetative growth. The spore is surrounded by a multilayered proteinaceous shell called a spore coat, which plays a crucial role in dormancy and germination. Of the over 70 proteins that form the spore coat, only a small subset of them affect its morphogenesis; they are referred to as morphogenetic proteins. How these morphogenetic proteins interact, and furthermore, how they build the ordered, functional coat layers is not well understood. Elucidating the self-assembly mechanism of individual proteins into such a complex structure may contribute to its potential use in nano-biotechnology applications for preparing highly organized, robust, and resistant proteinaceous layers. Herein, direct, noncovalent, low-affinity interactions between the spore-coat morphogenetic proteins SpoIVA, SpoVID, and SafA were studied by using single-molecule recognition force spectroscopy in vitro for the first time. Based on the real-time examination of interactions between these three proteins, a series of dynamic kinetic data were obtained. It was also observed that the SafA-SpoVID interaction was stronger than that of SafA-SpoIVA.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022 P.R. China.
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krajcikova
authors.forename: Caisheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yongjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Imrich
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barak
authors.forename: Jilin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000502:physiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C490677:SafA protein, Bacillus subtilis; C080140:spoVID protein, Bacillus subtilis; C030069:spore-specific proteins, Bacillus