title: [Pulmonary aspergillosis complicating atypical mycobacterial infection in two patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atypical mycobacteria and Aspergillus are opportunistic organisms responsible for severe pulmonary diseases whose development is encouraged by the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and related immunosuppression.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the cases of two patients, both alcoholics with emphysematous COPD, who developed chronic pulmonary aspergillosis following atypical mycobacterial infection. Patient 1 developed chronic necrotising aspergillosis several months after the diagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium avium. Patient 2 developed an aspergilloma several weeks after the diagnosis of infection with Mycobacterium xenopi. The association of these two pathologies presents diagnostic and therapeutic problems that are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The development of Aspergillus pulmonary disease may complicate atypical mycobacterial infections and explain a poor response to treatment. Our two case reports suggest that a systematic search should be made for pulmonary aspergillosis during the follow-up of patients with atypical mycobacterial infection.
authors.affiliation: Lunam université, 49933 Angers, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Montaigne
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gourdier
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gagnadoux
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D019912:Mycobacterium xenopi / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D055732:Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed