title: Outcome after renal transplantation in 26 dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate clinical outcome in dogs after renal transplantation and determine predictors of outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs (n = 26) that had renal allograft transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records (1994-2006) of 26 consecutive cases of dogs that had kidney transplantation were reviewed. History, signalment, pre- and postoperative clinicopathologic and monitoring variables, postoperative complications, immunosuppressive therapy, and survival were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median survival was 24 days (range, 0.5 to 4014 days) with a probability of survival to 15 days of 50% and the 100-day survival probability was 36%. Cause of death was attributed to thromboembolic disease in 8 dogs, infection in 6 dogs, and rejection in 1 dog. The only factor significantly associated with an increased likelihood of death was increasing age at time of surgery (P = .024).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Canine renal transplantation in clinical patients is associated with a high morbidity and mortality and increasing recipient age has a negative association with outcome. Thromboembolic complications are a major cause of death in the immediate postoperative period and effective anticoagulation protocols may greatly improve survival in the future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. khopper@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hopper
authors.forename: Margo L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mehl
authors.forename: Philip H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Kass
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kyles
authors.forename: Clare R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Gregory
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000662:veterinary; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis