title: A method for the determination of acrylamide in a broad variety of processed foods by GC-MS using xanthydrol derivatization.
abstract: A novel GC-MS method was developed for the determination of acrylamide, which is applicable to a variety of processed foods, including potato snacks, corn snacks, biscuits, instant noodles, coffee, soy sauces and miso (fermented soy bean paste). The method involves the derivatization of acrylamide with xanthydrol instead of a bromine compound. Isotopically labelled acrylamide (d₃-acrylamide) was used as the internal standard. The aqueous extract from samples was purified using Sep-Pak™ C₁₈ and Sep-Pak™ AC-2 columns. For amino acid-rich samples, such as miso or soy sauce, an Extrelut™ column was used for purification or extraction. After reaction with xanthydrol, the resultant N-xanthyl acrylamide was determined by GC-MS. The method was validated for various food matrices and showed good linearity, precision and trueness. The limit of detection and limit of quantification ranged 0.5-5 and 5-20 µg kg⁻¹), respectively. The developed method was applied as an exploratory survey of acrylamide in Japanese foods and the method was shown to be applicable for all samples tested.
authors.affiliation: Japan Food Research Laboratories, 7-4-41 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0085, Japan.
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isagawa
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kibune
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urushiyama
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; D002138:Calibration; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D007564:Japan; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D045730:Soy Foods / Q000032:analysis; D014966:Xanthenes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D014966:Xanthenes; D020106:Acrylamide; C009690:xanthydrol