title: Association between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy in the Chinese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been implicated in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the results have been conflicting. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the association of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the ACE gene with DR in the Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published literature from PubMed, CNKI, CBM and Wanfang Data were retrieved. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using fixed- or random-effects model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen studies (1039 cases and 1185 controls) for I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene were identified. The results suggested that I/D polymorphism D allele might increase the risk of DR (DD vs. II: OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.19-2.51; DD+ID vs. II: OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.16-1.72; DD vs. ID+II: OR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.13-2.12). Subgroup analyses based on the type of DR showed that the effect size was statistically significant for proliferative DR (PDR) (DD vs. II: OR = 2.67, 95% CI 1.53-4.64; DD+ID vs. II: OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.18-2.93; DD vs. ID+II: OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.38-3.55), but not for background DR (BDR) (DD vs. II: OR = 1.38, 95% CI 0.85-2.25; DD+ID vs. II: OR = 1.40, 95% CI 0.98-2.02; DD vs. ID+II: OR = 1.15, 95% CI 0.74-1.79).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that I/D polymorphism in the ACE gene was associated with PDR, but not with BDR in the Chinese population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yirui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Qinrui
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Suihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhenping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D016017:Odds Ratio; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017594:Publication Bias
chemical_list: C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A