title: Numerical simulation of motion-induced dynamic noise in a ubiquitous ECG application.
abstract: Wearable ubiquitous biomedical applications, such as ECG monitors, can generate dynamic noise as a person moves. However, the source of this noise is not clear. We postulated that the dynamic ECG noise has two causes: the change in displacement of the heart during motion and the change in the electrical impedance of the skin-gel interface due to motion-induced deformation of the skin-gel interface. Using a three-dimensional electrophysiological heart model coupled with a torso model, dynamic noise was simulated, while the displacement of the heart was changed in the vertical and horizontal directions, independently and while the skin-gel interface was deformed during motion. To determine the deformation rate of the skin and sol-gel layers, motion-induced deformation of the two layers was simulated using a three-dimensional finite element method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical & Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Ganwon-do, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki Moo
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Seong Bae
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Ah Jin
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Byung Hoon
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Sang Kon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Kun Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Eun Bo
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000502:physiology*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009038:Motion; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena