title: Sexual initiation, parent practices, and acculturation in Hispanic seventh graders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hispanic youths have high rates of sexually transmitted infections and pregnancies, yet little research has targeted multiple protective/risk factors for early sexual initiation in this group. This study examined two main factors--parenting practices and acculturation--on early sexual initiation among Hispanic middle school students in Texas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from Hispanic seventh graders (N = 655) in 15 urban middle schools in southeast Texas, we examined the association between parental monitoring/parent-child communication about sexual health and sexual initiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After controlling for age, gender, parent/guardian education, family structure, acculturation level, and intervention status, the likelihood of ever having sex decreased 50% for every 1-point increase in the parental monitoring score (AOR = 0.50;95%CI = 0.34,0.75). No association was found between ever having sex and parent-child communication scores (AOR = 1.29;95%CI = 0.76,2.18). Furthermore, parental monitoring differed significantly between acculturation levels, 1-way analysis of variance F(2,652) = 5.07, p < 0.007. This finding was unrelated to the parental monitoring-initiation association in the multivariable model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parental monitoring may delay sexual initiation among Hispanic middle school students. Parental monitoring differs by acculturation levels, warranting further investigation. These findings can inform school-based, parent-involved interventions designed to delay sexual initiation among Hispanic youth.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. moralescampo@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Daisy Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Morales-Campos
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Markham
authors.forename: Melissa Fleschler
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Peskin
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fernandez
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations / Q000208:ethnology*; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data