title: Mammography and ultrasonography evaluation of unexpected focal 18F-FDG uptakes in breast on PET/CT.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Unexpected focal 18F-FDG breast uptakes are occasionally identified on PET/CT due to its increased use for cancer staging and follow-up. The need for their characterization has been suggested.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) in distinguishing benign from malignant lesions for unexpected focal 18F-FDG uptakes in breast on PET/CT scans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 2004 and January 2010, 27 focal 18F-FDG breast uptakes in 27 patients (age range 33-62 years; mean age 46 years) among 5214 patients who had undergone PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed. The American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) final assessment categories of the US and the maximum standardized uptake values (SUVs) of the lesions were compared between the benign and malignant lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 27 lesions, 15 (56%) lesions were malignant. The rate of malignancy, according to the final assessment category on the US, was 0% (0 of 6) for category 3, 60% for category 4 (9 of 15), and 100% (6 of 6) for category 5 (P = 0.001). The US evaluation revealed a sensitivity of 100% (15 of 15) and a specificity of 50% (6 of 12). The average maximum SUV of the malignant lesions was greater than that of the benign lesions (4.12 ± 1.94 vs. 1.94 ± 0.82; P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  US evaluation of unexpected focal 18F-FDG uptakes on PET/CT scans can accurately distinguish benign lesions from malignant lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nariya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jung Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Bo La
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Min Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Keon Wook
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Woo Kyung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D064847:Multimodal Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012372:ROC Curve; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18