title: Biologically relevant oxidants and terminology, classification and nomenclature of oxidatively generated damage to nucleobases and 2-deoxyribose in nucleic acids.
abstract: A broad scientific community is involved in investigations aimed at delineating the mechanisms of formation and cellular processing of oxidatively generated damage to nucleic acids. Perhaps as a consequence of this breadth of research expertise, there are nomenclature problems for several of the oxidized bases including 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua), a ubiquitous marker of almost every type of oxidative stress in cells. Efforts to standardize the nomenclature and abbreviations of the main DNA degradation products that arise from oxidative pathways are reported. Information is also provided on the main oxidative radicals, non-radical oxygen species, one-electron agents and enzymes involved in DNA degradation pathways as well in their targets and reactivity. A brief classification of oxidatively generated damage to DNA that may involve single modifications, tandem base modifications, intrastrand and interstrand cross-links together with DNA-protein cross-links and base adducts arising from the addition of lipid peroxides breakdown products is also included.
authors.affiliation: Direction des Sciences de Matière, Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, CEA/Grenoble, Grenoble Cedex 9, France. jean.cadet@cea.fr
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cadet
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loft
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olinski
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bialkowski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Richard Wagner
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dedon
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: Marc M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: Marcus S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cooke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018736:DNA Adducts; D004249:DNA Damage; D003855:Deoxyribose / Q000737:chemistry*; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
chemical_list: D018736:DNA Adducts; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D016877:Oxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003855:Deoxyribose; C024829:8-hydroxyguanine; D006147:Guanine