title: Microfluidic cytometer for the characterization of cell lysis.
abstract: Blood cytometry and intercellular analysis typically requires lysis as a preparatory step, which can alter the results of downstream analyses. We fabricated a microfluidic cytometer to characterize erythrocyte lysis kinetics. Forward light scatter from erythrocytes was used for enumeration at specific locations on a microfluidic chip. Diffusive transport coupled with laminar flow was used to control the concentration and exposure time of the lysis reagent Zap-OGLOBIN II to erythrocytes. Standard clinical practice is to expose erythrocytes to lysis reagent for 10 min. Under optimum conditions, we achieved complete erythrocyte lysis of a blood sample in 0.7 s. A maximum lysis reaction rate of 1.55 s(-1) was extrapolated from the data. Lysis began after 0.2 s and could be initiated with a lysis reagent concentration of 1.0% (68.5 mM). An equation that related lysis reagent concentration, [A], to erythrocyte lysis, [B], was determined to be [B] = -0.77[A](0.29)t.
authors.affiliation: Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: SooHoo
authors.forename: Joshua K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Herr
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ramsey
authors.forename: Glenn M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D004058:Diffusion; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds