title: Indigenous and immigrant populations' use and experience of community pharmacies in New Zealand.
abstract: We sought to identify what services indigenous (Maori) and immigrant populations use pharmacies for, and how long pharmacy staff spend interacting with them, as longer interactions are associated with better quality care. We review literature on counseling in pharmacy, and interaction length as an indicator of counseling quality. 1,086 interactions were discretely observed in 36 pharmacies in 5 cities around New Zealand. Maori or Pacific people, along with men, were more likely to treat pharmacies as prescription 'depots', being less likely to buy over-the-counter or pharmacist only medicines (ORs: 0.25-0.72). However, the influence of demographic factors on interaction length was small (|B|s < 7.7 s). The weak effect of ethnicity on interaction length suggests that pharmacies are providing advice of relatively consistent quality to different population groups. Possible barriers to use of pharmacies for primary healthcare, including over-the-counter medicines in Maori and Pacific people are discussed.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. james.green@otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Kasey
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: Doris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pewhairangi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult