title: Retrograde popliteal access as bail-out strategy for challenging occlusions of the superficial femoral artery: a multicenter registry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The concomitant use of femoral and popliteal accesses has been recommended for challenging superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusions, but no comprehensive comparison of this approach to a strategy of femoral access only is available. We thus aimed to appraise the risk-benefit balance of retrograde popliteal access as bail-out strategy for SFA occlusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with symptomatic SFA occlusion and undergoing percutaneous revascularization were enrolled. We distinguished patients in whom retrograde popliteal access was required as bail-out strategy versus those not requiring such access. The primary end-point was procedural success.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 130 patients (152 limbs) were included, with 23 patients (25 limbs) requiring retrograde popliteal access. Occlusion length was 20.6 ± 8.8 cm in those requiring popliteal access versus 18.5 ± 8.5 cm in those without popliteal access, with TASC C/D lesions in 23 (92%) versus 106 (83%). Procedural success was achieved in 92 out of 107 patients (86.0%) treated with a standard approach and 22 out of 23 patients (95.7%) treated with retrograde popliteal access (total 114 out of 130 [87.7%]) and 112 out of 127 limbs (88.2%) and 24 out of 25 limbs (96.0%), respectively (total 136 out of 152 [89.5%]). No significant increase in early or long-term adverse events was associated with retrograde popliteal access.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whenever standard access sites do not enable successful recanalization of SFA occlusions, retrograde popliteal access can be safely and effectively envisioned as bail-out strategy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sangiorgi
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lauria
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Airoldi
authors.forename: Cosmo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Godino
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Politi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Modena
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biondi-Zoccai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome