title: Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and its derivatives promoted by inorganic salt in alcohol.
abstract: The conversion of D-fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) on a 1 mmol scale was achieved in good yield (68%) using NH(4)Cl as catalyst in isopropanol at 120°C. About 3% of 5-i-propoxymethylfurfural was formed. The reaction in ethanol at 100°C on a 10g scale gave a total yield of HMF and 5-ethoxymethylfurfural of 42%. No mineral acid such as H(2)SO(4) and HCl are required.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
authors.forename: Jitian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Kaigui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Caifeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Qiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry*; D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry*; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D007982:Levulinic Acids / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D007982:Levulinic Acids; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D005632:Fructose; C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D005662:Furaldehyde; C032246:levulinic acid