title: Improved mass multiplication of Rhodiola crenulata shoots using temporary immersion bioreactor with forced ventilation.
abstract: A temporary immersion bioreactor system was found to be suitable for mass shoot proliferation of Rhodiola crenulata. The shoot multiplication ratio and hyperhydration rate reached 46.8 and 35.4%, respectively, at a temporary immersion cycle of 3-min immersion every 300 min. Forced ventilation was employed in the temporary immersion bioreactor culture in order to decrease the hyperhydration rate, improve shoot quality and enhance the multiplication ratio. The highest multiplication ratio of 55.7 was obtained under a temporary immersion cycle of 3-min immersion every 180 min with the forced ventilation at an air flow rate of 40 l/h, and the hyperhydration rate was reduced to 26.1%. Forced ventilation also improved the subsequent elongation and rooting rate of these proliferated shoots, and the shoot cultures from the temporary immersion bioreactor formed complete plantlets when subcultured onto a rooting medium containing 5 μmol/l indole-3-acetic acid.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Praveen K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: Chun-Zhao
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000502:physiology; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000502:physiology; D029771:Rhodiola / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D002734:Chlorophyll; C030737:indoleacetic acid