title: Physical exercise reverses glutamate uptake and oxidative stress effects of chronic homocysteine administration in the rat.
abstract: The influence of physical exercise on the effects elicited by homocysteine on glutamate uptake and some parameters of oxidative stress, namely thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (H(2)DCF) oxidation, as well as enzymatic antioxidant activities, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in rat cerebral cortex were investigated. Wistar rats received subcutaneous administration of homocysteine or saline (control) from the 6th to 29th day of life. The physical exercise was performed from the 30th to 60th day of life; 12 h after the last exercise session animals were sacrificed and the cerebral cortex was dissected out. It is shown that homocysteine reduces glutamate uptake increases thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and disrupts enzymatic antioxidant defenses in cerebral cortex. Physical activity reversed the homocysteine effects on glutamate uptake and on antioxidant enzymes activities; although the increase in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances was only partially reversed by exercise. These findings allow us to suggest that physical exercise may have a protective role against homocysteine-induced oxidative imbalance and brain damage to the glutamatergic system.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maira J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: da Cunha
authors.forename: Aline A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: da Cunha
authors.forename: Andréa G K
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Fernanda R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: Daniela D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Delwing
authors.forename: Ben Hur M
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Mussulini
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wofchuk
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: Angela T S
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Wyse
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001928:Brain Diseases, Metabolic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid