title: Assessment of a Chitosan/Hyaluronan Injectable Composite for Fat Reconstruction.
abstract: The long-term success of autologous fat transplants is dependent on numerous factors including tissue quality, tissue survivability and the expansion of the implanted cells. The addition of a biomaterial filler to an injectable gel implant matrix provides an anchor and scaffold for proliferating cells as well as a carrier for syringe delivery. Building on the tissue reconstruction concept which we first disclosed, i.e., an injectable composite comprised of beads in a gel, the present study uses an injectable composite comprised of fatty-acid-loaded chitosan/gelatin (FA-CG) beads (i.e., a degradable filler material with tissue bulking potential) and hyaluronic acid (HA, a matrix). Human and bovine preadipocytes were considered independently; however, in both cases the cells proliferated and differentiated equally when grown with the FA-CG/HA composite, as demonstrated by the production of lipids and triglycerides, as well as expression of the human adipocyte marker aP2. The preadipocyte/FA-CG/HA injectables formed stable complexes that remained intact, with little degradation and no measurable immune response, for 4 months after implantation into mice. These results suggest that FA-CG/HA composite is a suitable injectable matrix for preadipocyte transplantation, providing the basis for further studies investigating the suitability of this technique for larger-scale tissue implantation and regeneration.
authors.affiliation: a Institute for Biological Interfaces of Engineering, Clemson University , Clemson , SC , 29634 , USA.
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: Chih-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Karen J L
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Burg
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D007267:Injections; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008863:Microspheres; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005780:Gelatin; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D048271:Chitosan