title: Neurological complications of hemodialysis: state of the art.
abstract: Neurological complications frequently affect chronic kidney disease patients. They are important causes of morbidity and mortality. We present a review of neurological complications affecting hemodialysis patients, focusing on classical and new aspects. Neurological complications can be classified as central or peripheral, but they also include other conditions such as muscle and autonomic disorders. Neurological complications in hemodialysis patients are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Dialysis treatment can modify the clinical pattern and the course of neurological complications, but it may also directly induce some specific, dialysis-related complications. A strict collaboration between nephrologists, neurologists and other specialists can potentially improve prevention and management of these disorders and improve quality of life for hemodialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Antonietta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frediani
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granata
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ravasi
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cusi
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gallieni
mesh_terms: D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D020422:Mononeuropathies / Q000209:etiology; D017590:Myelinolysis, Central Pontine / Q000209:etiology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014899:Wernicke Encephalopathy / Q000209:etiology