title: Functional neurosurgery. The modulation of neural and mind circuits.
abstract: Different complex neuroanatomical and neurochemical circuits regulate a variety of neuronal behaviors and brain functions. Any disturbance in these circuits can generate functional disorders such as movement disorders, epilepsy, pain, memory disorders, and psychiatric disorders. Functional neurosurgery aims to restore these functions, either by removing or isolating the abnormally behaving neurons or by modulating the disturbed circuits. Neuromodulation is a fast-growing field, powered by the recent advances in neuroimaging and technology. Here, we discuss recent advances and new horizons in functional neurosurgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Neurosciences Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Saudi Arabia. faisalruwais@gmail.com
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Otaibi
authors.forename: Thamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Al-Khairallah
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000601:surgery; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000601:surgery; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000601:surgery; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000601:surgery; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation; D010146:Pain / Q000601:surgery; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation