title: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, 15-LOX, and AGEs inhibitions by pineapple stem waste.
abstract: Pineapple stem has been extensively used for bromelain extraction; however, almost no attention has been given to the waste obtained during bromelain manufacturing. In this regard, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and inhibitions against 15-lipoxygenase and advanced glycation end product formations by pineapple stem waste (PSW) obtained during bromelain manufacturing process were studied. The PSW had moderate bioactivities in all the performed assays. It also showed a considerable inhibition against fungal growth, probably due to high amounts of the benzoic acid present in the sample. These results indicate that PSW could be utilized as an economic source of preventive or therapeutic agent in disease and in different functional food industries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large amount of wastes are generated during bromelain manufacturing from pineapple stem. So far, these wastes are not utilized and are often considered as a burden while disposing them. However, we found some important phytochemicals with considerable bioactivities in these wastes. We believe that these wastes may have a promising usage as a cheap source of one of the ingredients in functional food based industries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Applied Bioscience, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.forename: Jamnian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chompoo
authors.forename: Nobuharu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Shinkichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tawata
mesh_terms: D031230:Ananas / Q000737:chemistry*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000737:chemistry; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000187:drug effects; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000191:economics; D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000191:economics; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis* / Q000191:economics; D007564:Japan; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000191:economics / Q000494:pharmacology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry*; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007220:Industrial Waste; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D010636:Phenols; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase