title: Osteoarthritis among women in bahrain: a public health audit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to train students on public health survey; correlate risk factors of osteoarthritis and to identify modifiable risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Osteoarthritis survey was carried out among 420 Bahraini women, above 40 years of age, diagnosed of osteoarthritis, attending ministry of health facilities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most cases in the study were from the age group of 50-59 years with a mean age of 57. Osteoarthritis: of major joints alone was 74%; of generalized was 21% and of small joints of hands and feet alone was 5%. Within major osteoarthritis: 48% were knees alone; 51% were knee and hip and 2% were hip alone. Combinations of co-morbidities were found among 43%. History of diagnosed: diabetes in 10%, hypertension among 13% and hypercholesterolemia in 5% of cases. Half of the cases in the study were obese and 30% were overweight. Osteoarthritis of the Knee and the combination of the osteoarthritis of knee and hip was highest among obese followed by overweight cases. Menopause was found among 68%of patients. Patients on medication accounted for 85% and 75% were on Physiotherapy. Half of the sample had family history of osteoarthritis. While over 90% were less educated with odds ratio for being housewives at 3.085. The multivariate analysis of ordinal regression returned pseudo R(2) of 30% for the model with the following significant variables: age, BMI, menopause status, exercise, chronic morbidities and family history of osteoarthritis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the proportion of major osteoarthritis of the weight bearing joints is very high. The modifiable risk factors identified from this study are sedentary lifestyle, obesity and overweight, as well as chronic morbidities.
authors.affiliation: Head, Public Health Program, College of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, PO Box-12, Kingdom of Bahrain.
authors.forename: Gv
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Asokan
authors.forename: Muna S Hussain Abdullah
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Eman Jm
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Rajendra V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Awate
authors.forename: Zahra Ka
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Khadem
authors.forename: Zainab Am
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Al-Safwan