title: Two-stage hepatectomy: who will not jump over the second hurdle?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two-stage hepatectomy uses compensatory liver regeneration after a first noncurative hepatectomy to enable a second curative resection in patients with bilobar colorectal liver metastasis (CLM).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the predictive factors of failure of two-stage hepatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2000 and 2010, 48 patients with irresectable CLM were eligible for two-stage hepatectomy. The planned strategy was a) cleaning of the left hepatic lobe (first hepatectomy), b) right portal vein embolisation and c) right hepatectomy (second hepatectomy). Six patients had occult CLM (n = 5) or extra-hepatic disease (n = 1), which was discovered during the first hepatectomy. Thus, 42 patients completed the first hepatectomy and underwent portal vein embolisation in order to receive the second hepatectomy. Eight patients did not undergo a second hepatectomy due to disease progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Upon univariate analysis, two factors were identified that precluded patients from having the second hepatectomy: the combined resection of a primary tumour during the first hepatectomy (p = 0.01) and administration of chemotherapy between the two hepatectomies (p = 0.03). An independent association with impairment to perform the two-stage strategy was demonstrated by multivariate analysis for only the combined resection of the primary colorectal cancer during the first hepatectomy (p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the small number of patients and the absence of equivalent conclusions in other studies, we cannot recommend performance of an isolated colorectal resection prior to chemotherapy. However, resection of an asymptomatic primary tumour before chemotherapy should not be considered as an outdated procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Paoli Calmettes and Université de la Méditerranée, 232 Boulevard Sainte Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France. oturrini@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Turrini
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ewald
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Viret
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarran
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goncalves
authors.forename: J-R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Delpero
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011169:Portal Vein; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012086:Reoperation; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome