title: Wide-field fluorescent microscopy on a cell-phone.
abstract: We demonstrate wide-field fluorescent imaging on a cell-phone, using compact and cost-effective optical components that are mechanically attached to the existing camera unit of the cell-phone. Battery powered light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are used to side-pump the sample of interest using butt-coupling. The pump light is guided within the sample cuvette to excite the specimen uniformly. The fluorescent emission from the sample is then imaged with an additional lens that is put in front of the existing lens of the cell-phone camera. Because the excitation occurs through guided waves that propagate perpendicular to the detection path, an inexpensive plastic color filter is sufficient to create the dark-field background needed for fluorescent imaging. The imaging performance of this light-weight platform (~28 grams) is characterized with red and green fluorescent microbeads, achieving an imaging field-of-view of ~81 mm(2) and a spatial resolution of ~10 μm, which is enhanced through digital processing of the captured cell-phone images using compressive sampling based sparse signal recovery. We demonstrate the performance of this cell-phone fluorescent microscope by imaging labeled white-blood cells separated from whole blood samples as well as water-borne pathogenic protozoan parasites such as Giardia Lamblia cysts.
authors.affiliation: Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Hongying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Oguzhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yaglidere
authors.forename: Ting-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Aydogan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozcan
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000818:Animals; D040421:Cell Phone; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004867:Equipment Design; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000378:metabolism; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000469:parasitology; D008027:Light; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008863:Microspheres; D012031:Refractometry; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes