title: The endoscopic course of scattered white spots in the descending duodenum: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Scattered white spots (SWSs) in the descending duodenum are an uncommon finding of upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy (UGSE). Intestinal lymphangiectasia, chronic nonspecific duodenitis and giardiasis are associated with a SWS appearance. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of SWS during routine endoscopy, as well as to evaluate the effect of treatment on this finding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing UGSE with a SWS appearance in the descending duodenum were included prospectively. Appearance of SWSs was graded endoscopically based on density, after which patients were divided into two groups; group 1 (treated group) and group 2 (untreated group). Patients with Helicobacter pylori infection were given eradication therapy, whereas a diet was recommended to patients with intestinal lymphangiectasia. Proton pump inhibitors were initiated for patients with H. pylori negative gastritis. All patients were re-evaluated three months after therapy for the presence of any changes in the SWS appearance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SWSs were observed in 97 (3.2%) out of 3010 patients. This appearance was most commonly associated with chronic non-specific duodenitis followed by intestinal lymphangiectasia. While in the untreated group no statistically significant change in SWS appearance was observed, the decrease in endoscopic grade seen in the treated group was statistically significant (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of SWSs during routine UGSE was 3.2%, with this finding being more commonly associated with chronic non-specific duodenitis and intestinal lymphangiectasia. Treatment of the underlying causes, including H. pylori eradication, proton pump inhibitors and diet decreased the density of the SWSs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. dradnantas@gmail.com
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taş
authors.forename: Seyfettin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koklu
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Beyazit
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akbal
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kocak
authors.forename: Hacer
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bıyıkoğlu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004384:Duodenoscopy; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult