title: Non-resective surgery and radiosurgery for treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy.
abstract: Epilepsy surgery is an effective treatment for properly selected patients with intractable seizures. However, many patients with medically intractable epilepsy are not excellent candidates for surgical resection of the epileptogenic zone. Due to recent advances in computer technology and bioengineering, several novel techniques are receiving increasing interest for their role in the care of people with epilepsy. Neuromodulation is an emerging surgical option to be used when conventional resective surgery is not indicated. We review the indications and expected outcomes of neuromodulatory treatments currently available for the treatment of refractory epilepsy, i.e., vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, stereotactic radiosurgery, and multiple subpial transections.
authors.affiliation: Cyberknife Radiosurgery Center, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan, Italy. radiosurgery2000@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Pantaleo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romanelli
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Striano
authors.forename: Manlio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbarisi
authors.forename: Giangennaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Anschel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants