title: Overexpression of RIN1 associates with tumor grade and progression in patients of bladder urothelial carcinoma.
abstract: Ras and Rab interactor 1 (RIN1) is an effector of H-Ras, which plays an important role in the development and progression of carcinomas, but it has not been reported in bladder cancer. Hence, the association of RIN1 expression with prognosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) was examined. RIN1 mRNA and protein expression in 20 paired UCs and the adjacent normal tissues was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The expression of RIN1 protein in 96 specimens of UCs and 22 specimens of adjacent normal bladder tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The overall survival (OS) was assessed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Moreover, the progression-free survival (PFS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), classified by the clinicopathologic features with RIN1 expression, were assessed by multivariate analysis. RIN1 mRNA and protein level was higher in UCs than in the adjacent normal tissues (P < 0.01). Enhanced RIN1 immunoexpression was associated with high histologic grades (P = 0.046), cancer progression (P = 0.047) as well as Ki-67 expression (P = 0.023). Furthermore, the 5-year survival rate was 29% in the subgroup with high level of RIN1 expression, while it was 43% in the subgroup with normal level of RIN1 expression (P < 0.05). Importantly, RIN1 level was revealed as the significant independent prognostic factor for death (P = 0.023) and progression (P = 0.003), but a weak contribution for recurrence (P = 0.063). Collectively, RIN1 expression could be a potential prognostic predictor for UC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110001, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guang-yi
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qi-guang
authors.initials: QG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiu-yue
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Guo-bin
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chui-ze
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C092117:RIN1 protein, human