title: Optimization of survival and spore formation of Paenibacillus polymyxa SQR-21 during bioorganic fertilizer storage.
abstract: The effects of storage temperature (20, 30 and 40 °C), inoculum type (pure spores, an equal mix of spores and vegetative cells and pure vegetative cells) and water content (20%, 30% and 40%) on the survival and spore formation of the biocontrol agent, Paenibacillus polymyxa SQR-21, in a bioorganic fertilizer were modeled in a 3×3×3 factorial design. Bacterial and spore populations were monitored by plate count and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Temperature significantly affected survival of inoculants after storage for 60 days. Populations were 1.48 (plate counting) or 1.71 (FISH) times greater when stored at 20 °C compared to 40 °C. Inoculation of the fertilizer with pure spores led to the highest spore formation percentage (67.6% for plate counting, 94.2% for FISH). This study provides useful information for preservation of bioorganic fertilizer.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Zhenhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Shuqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiuxia
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Meihua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yong
authors.forename: Qiwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ruifu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qi-rong
authors.initials: QR
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D061046:Biological Control Agents; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000382:microbiology*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D056507:Paenibacillus / Q000502:physiology*; D011309:Preservation, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000254:growth & development*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D061046:Biological Control Agents; D005308:Fertilizers; D014867:Water