title: Effect of operative treatment on psychosocial problems of men with gynaecomastia.
abstract: Gynaecomastia is defined as a hyperplasia of the breast tissue in men, bilateral or unilateral, usually not associated with the presence of malignant lesions.The aim of the study was to explore the psychosocial problems of men with gynecomastia and the effect of operative breast reduction on these problems.Material and methods. The survey was conducted in a group of 47 men who were treated surgically for gynaecomastia in the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery. The mean age of the respondents was 25.6±3.5 years. For survey purposes, a questionnaire was developed with questions about the age of onset of gynaecomastia, coexisting disorders and medicines taken and also various aspects of the psychosocial life of the respondents. The questionnaire was completed by patients before surgery and at minimum 6 months after surgery.Results. The findings showed that in almost all patients gynaecomastia had caused emotional discomfort and limitation of everyday activity. In many patients, enlarged breasts caused difficulties in entering into social relationships. More than a half of the surveyed men admitted that their problems were ridiculed by others and they felt isolated. A comparison of the respondents' answers before and after the surgery showed statistically significant differences in all of the analysed questionnaire items.Conclusions. Gynaecomastia causes considerable emotional discomfort and limitation of everyday activity in young men, and that is why it constitutes a psychosocial problem. Surgical treatment of gynaecomastia significantly contributes to an increase in social activity and an improvement of social acceptance and emotional comfort, and thus significantly improves satisfaction from personal life in the men who underwent this intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Medical Univeristy in Łódź
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasielska
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Antoszewski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D017668:Age of Onset; D015897:Comorbidity; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires