title: Attachment styles in patients with lung cancer and their spouses: associations with patient and spouse adjustment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined attachment styles in patients with lung cancer and their spouses and associations between attachment styles and patient and spouse adjustment.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-seven patients with early stage lung cancer completed measures of attachment style, marital quality, self-efficacy, pain, depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Their spouses completed measures of attachment style, marital quality, self-efficacy, caregiver strain, and mood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses indicated that, among patients, those high in either attachment anxiety or avoidance had significantly higher levels of anxiety and poorer social well-being. Attachment avoidance was also significantly associated with higher levels of depression and poorer marital quality and functional well-being. Spouse avoidant attachment was significantly associated with patient reports of increased pain and poorer functional well-being, and spouse anxious attachment was associated with poorer patient marital quality. Among spouses, those high in attachment avoidance reported significantly higher levels of caregiver strain, anger, depressed mood, and poorer marital quality; those high in attachment anxiety reported higher anxious mood. Dyads in which both partners were insecurely attached had significantly poorer adjustment compared to dyads in which both partners reported secure attachment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary findings raise the possibility that attachment styles of cancer patients and their spouses as individuals and as a dyad may be important factors affecting adjustment in multiple domains.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27708, USA. laura.porter@duke.edu
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Francis J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Keefe
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rumble
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scipio
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garst
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009769:Object Attachment; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States