title: Propiconazole inhibits the sterol 14α-demethylase in Glomus irregulare like in phytopathogenic fungi.
abstract: The increasing concentrations impact (0.02, 0.2 and 2 mg L(-1)) of a Sterol Biosynthesis Inhibitor (SBI) fungicide, propiconazole, was evaluated on development and sterol metabolism of two non-target organisms: mycorrhizal or non-mycorrhizal transformed chicory roots and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Glomus irregulare using monoxenic cultures. In this work, we provide the first evidence of a direct impact of propiconazole on the AMF by disturbing its sterol metabolism. A significant decrease in end-products sterols contents (24-methylcholesterol and in 24-ethylcholesterol) was observed concomitantly to a 24-methylenedihydrolanosterol accumulation indicating the inhibition of a key enzyme in sterol biosynthesis pathway, the sterol 14α-demethylase like in phytopathogenic fungi. A decrease in end-product sterol contents in propiconazole-treated roots was also observed suggesting a slowing down of the sterol metabolism in plant. Taken together, our findings suggest that the inhibition of the both AM symbiotic partners development by propiconazole results from their sterol metabolism alterations.
authors.affiliation: Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, F-62228 Calais, France.
authors.forename: Maryline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calonne
authors.forename: Anissa Lounès-Hadj
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sahraoui
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Campagnac
authors.forename: Djouher
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Debiane
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laruelle
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grandmougin-Ferjani
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fontaine
mesh_terms: D058888:14-alpha Demethylase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D018651:Cichorium intybus / Q000382:microbiology; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D058886:Sterol 14-Demethylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D058888:14-alpha Demethylase Inhibitors; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014230:Triazoles; C045950:propiconazole; D058886:Sterol 14-Demethylase