title: Mucosal invasion by fusobacteria is a common feature of acute appendicitis in Germany, Russia, and China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the geographic occurrence of mucosa-invading Fusobacteria in acute appendicitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Carnoy- and formalin-fixated appendices from Germany, Russia, and China were comparatively investigated. Bacteria were detected using fluorescent in situ hybridization. Cecal biopsies from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and other conditions were used as disease controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fusobacteria represented mainly by Fusobacterium nucleatum were the major invasive component in bacterial infiltrates in acute appendicitis but were completely absent in controls. The occurrence of invasive Fusobacteria in Germany, Russia, and China was the same. The detection rate in Carnoy-fixated material was 70-71% and in formalin-fixated material was 30-36%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute appendicitis is a polymicrobial infectious disease in which F. nucleatum and other Fusobacteria play a key role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Laboratory for Molecular Genetics, Polymicrobial Infections and Bacterial Biofilms, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. alexander.swidsinski@charite.de
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Swidsinski
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dörffel
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Loening-Baucke
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tertychnyy
authors.forename: Salbakay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biche-Ool
authors.forename: Sergei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stonogin
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Ning-Dong
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D001064:Appendicitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D045182:Fusobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005674:Fusobacterium Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology