title: Comment on "Late Mousterian persistence near the Arctic Circle".
abstract: Slimak et al. (Reports, 13 May 2011, p. 841) reanalyzed the lithic assemblage from the northern site of Byzovaya (Russia) and concluded that it was Mousterian and produced by Neandertals. The previous interpretation of this assemblage as falling within Early Upper Paleolithic variability remains the most parsimonious explanation; pending additional fossil discoveries, there is no evidence supporting the occurrence of Neandertals at these high latitudes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. nicolas_zwyns@eva.mpg.de
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zwyns
authors.forename: Wil
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Roebroeks
authors.forename: Shannon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: McPherron
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jagich
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hublin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001106:Archaeology; D015186:Hominidae; D006801:Humans