title: Imaging of sebaceous glands of human skin by three-dimensional ultrasound microscopy and its relation to elasticity.
abstract: High frequency ultrasound imaging has realized high resolution in vivo imaging of the biological tissues at a microscopic level. Human skin structure, especially sebaceous glands at the deep part of the dermis, was observed by three-dimensional ultrasound microscopy with the central frequency of 120 MHz. The visco-elasticity and surface sebum level of the observed region were measured by established testing devices. Both sebaceous glands density and surface sebum level were higher in cheek than those in forearm. The viscosity of forearm was lower than that of cheek. These results suggest that sebaceous glands may act as cushions of the skin besides their classical role of secreting sebum and some hormones. High frequency ultrasound imaging contributes to the evaluation of human skin aging.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan. kazutoshi.kumagai@bme.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Yukina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.forename: Kiyono
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saijo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D020405:Dermis / Q000473:pathology; D004548:Elasticity; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012627:Sebaceous Glands / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012629:Sebum; D012666:Semiconductors; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D015595:Skin Aging; D013997:Time Factors; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D014783:Viscosity