title: Does mercury contamination reduce body condition of endangered California clapper rails?
abstract: We examined mercury exposure in 133 endangered California clapper rails (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) within tidal marsh habitats of San Francisco Bay, California from 2006 to 2010. Mean total mercury concentrations were 0.56 μg/g ww in blood (range: 0.15-1.43), 9.87 μg/g fw in head feathers (3.37-22.0), 9.04 μg/g fw in breast feathers (3.68-20.2), and 0.57 μg/g fww in abandoned eggs (0.15-2.70). We recaptured 21 clapper rails and most had low within-individual variation in mercury. Differences in mercury concentrations were largely attributed to tidal marsh site, with some evidence for year and quadratic date effects. Mercury concentrations in feathers were correlated with blood, and slopes differed between sexes (R(2) = 0.58-0.76). Body condition was negatively related to mercury concentrations. Model averaged estimates indicated a potential decrease in body mass of 20-22 g (5-7%) over the observed range of mercury concentrations. Our results indicate the potential for detrimental effects of mercury contamination on endangered California clapper rails in tidal marsh habitats.
authors.affiliation: U S Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Davis Field Station, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. jackerman@usgs.gov
authors.forename: Joshua T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.forename: Cory T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Overton
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Casazza
authors.forename: John Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Takekawa
authors.forename: Collin A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Eagles-Smith
authors.forename: Robin A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Keister
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Herzog
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002140:California; D017753:Ecosystem; D056727:Endangered Species; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005241:Feathers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008628:Mercury / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008628:Mercury