title: Subpopulation analysis of heteroresistance to fluoroquinolone in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Beijing, China.
abstract: The presence of heteroresistance was represented by 23% of 235 fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Beijing, China, from 2008 to 2010. The main mechanism of FQ heteroresistance is due to the segregation of a single M. tuberculosis strain in patients; the majority of isolates with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis contained a mixture of bacterial subpopulations consisting of various mutant types, suggesting that the improper use of FQ is the major cause of FQ resistance.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaobing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Liguo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yafang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yanlin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D058889:Molecular Typing; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010641:Phenotype; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000382:microbiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D027081:DNA Gyrase