title: [Suffering pain in segment lumbar spine and occurrence of weak links of biokinematics chain in kayakers and rowers].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spine pain is a serious clinical problem of physically active people and sportplayers . The pain may have different nature, related to different segments of the spine. Its intensity and frequency may impair the functionality of man. Most back pain is connected with the lumbo-sacral and cervical part of a spine. MAIN AIM: The hypothesis was: 1) That there were not any weak links of biokinematics chain. 2) Pain feeling in young players in the lumbar spine (LBP). The aim of this study was to determine in which direction and location the most weak links would occur in biokinematics chain and whether it was correlated with gender. In addition, it was examined whether a correlation between the weak links' presence in the lumbar spine and the occurrence of LBP existed and if it was connected with gender of the player.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved 40 players from Walcz School Sports Championships, including the twenty kayakers (8 women and 12 men), 13 canoeists and 7 rowers. The average age of players was 16.00 +/- 0.99, mean of training years was 4.92 +/- 2.20. Low threshold Performance Matrix tests were used for assessing the presence of weak links. Through analysis and identification of performed movement the weakest links in the biokinetics chain were found. Numeric scale was used for the evaluation of lumbar pain (LBP). The results were statistically analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main characteristics of statistical and graphical presentations were performed for the received values of weak links. The hypothesis of variances equality was verified, and all the hypotheses mentioned above were also verified using ANOVA analysis of variations and Tukey test for low threshold of weak links.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1) The presence of weak links of biokinematics chain was found in all players especially in the lumbar spine, the presence is not associated with gender. Most weak links in the lumbar part occurred in the direction of rotation. 2) There is a correlation of the weak links of the lumbar spine and LBP, but it is not connected with gender. 3) The relationship between pain suffering in the lumbar spine (LBP) and the number of weak links of biokinematics chain was defined.
authors.affiliation: Wydział Zdrowia Publicznego, Wyzsza Szkoła Pedagogiki i Administracji w Poznaniu.
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wójcik
authors.forename: Idzi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Siatkowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D011044:Poland; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012767:Ships; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000502:physiology