title: Deep sedation in pediatric imaging: efficacy and safety of intravenous chlorpromazine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The quality of MRI and CT depends largely on immobility of the patient during the procedure, which is often difficult to achieve without sedation in children below the age of 6 years.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous chlorpromazine sedation for repeated imaging in young children treated for cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  From July 2003 to January 2007, information on children younger than 6 years of age having MRI or CT was prospectively collected. Forty-five minutes before the scan, a 10-min infusion of chlorpromazine 0.5 mg/kg was administered and managed by non-anesthetic staff. Patient monitoring included continuous measurement of pulse, respiration, oxygen saturation and arterial blood pressure. Procedure-related parameters and adverse events were documented. Sedation was considered successful when the procedure was completed and at least 95% of images were usable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-hundred-one procedures (82 MRI, 19 CT) were evaluated in 62 children, 3-74 months old. Adequate sedation was achieved in 96% of cases, with mean induction time, 22 min; mean duration of sleep, 72 min, and mean duration of procedure, 33 min. Mean time spent in the radiology unit was 104 min. Ninety-six percent of imaging procedures were successfully completed. No cardiac, respiratory, neurological or allergic complication occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous chlorpromazine is safe and effective for procedural sedation in young children with cancer undergoing MRI and CT.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Oncology Unit, IHOP, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heng Vong
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bajard
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thiesse
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bouffet
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seban
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marec Bérard
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D054810:Deep Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D002746:Chlorpromazine