title: Detection and characterization of enterovirus associated with herpangina and hand, foot, and mouth disease in Seoul, Korea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human enteroviruses (HEVs) are a major cause of herpangina, HFMD (hand, foot, and mouth disease), and other neurological diseases in Seoul, Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 56 specimens from hospitalized patients collected from February to December 2009 (37 females and 19 males) in Seoul were tested for HEV from stool, throat swab, and vesicle swab samples taken from patients with herpangina or HFMD using cell culture and RT-PCR in 2009. By the 1D gene, encoding the VP1 capsid protein, seven different HEV genotypes were detected with Coxsackievirus A2, A4, A5, A9, A16 (CA), Coxsackievirus B1 (CB), and Enterovirus 71 (EV71). The most prevalent genotype was CA16 (6, 10.7%), followed by CA2 (4, 7.1%), CA5 (4, 7.1%), EV71 (2, 3.6%), CA4 (1, 1.8%), CA9 (1, 1.8%), and CB1 (1, 1.8%). The 1D gene sequences of two EV71 strains were closely related with one another (98.5% nucleotide similarity) and belonged to the C4 genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to continuously survey the genetic characteristics of EV71 and CA16 from patients, which will provide useful data that aids in our understanding of HFMD infections in Seoul, Korea and may contribute to future control.
authors.affiliation: Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health and Environment, Virus Team, 202-3, Yangjae-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-734, Republic of Korea. sanghun93@seoul.go.kr
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: G Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Y Z
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006557:Herpangina / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010614:Pharynx / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral