title: Refractory coronary artery spasm after minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting.
abstract: Postoperative coronary arterial spasm is a rare but potentially fatal complication. A 51-year-old male patient with a history of a reactive ergonovine stress test coronary angiogram developed refractory coronary artery spasm after undergoing minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The patient was successfully managed with rapid implementation of intra-aortic balloon-pump counter pulsation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Joon-Bum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hee Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Suk-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Choo