title: Incidence and cause of hypertension during adrenal radiofrequency ablation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence and cause of hypertension prospectively during adrenal radiofrequency ablation (RFA).
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, approved by our institutional review board, written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Patients who received RFA for adrenal tumors (adrenal ablation) and other abdominal tumors (nonadrenal ablation) were included in this prospective study. Blood pressure was monitored during RFA. Serum adrenal hormone levels including epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and cortisol levels were measured before and during RFA. The respective incidences of procedural hypertension (systolic blood pressure >200 mmHg) of the two patient groups were compared. Factors correlating with procedural systolic blood pressure were evaluated by regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients underwent adrenal RFA and another 9 patients liver (n = 5) and renal (n = 4) RFA. Asymptomatic procedural hypertension that returned to the baseline by injecting calcium blocker was found in 7 (38.9%) of 18 patients. The incidence of procedural hypertension was significantly higher in the adrenal ablation group (66.7%, 6/9) than in the nonadrenal ablation group (11.1%, 1/9, P < 0.0498). Procedural systolic blood pressure was significantly correlated with serum epinephrine (R                   (2) = 0.68, P < 0.0001) and norepinephrine (R                   (2) = 0.72, P < 0.0001) levels during RFA. The other adrenal hormones did not show correlation with procedural systolic blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertension occurs frequently during adrenal RFA because of the release of catecholamine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, Mie University School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan. yama@clin.medic.mie-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamakado
authors.forename: Haruyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takaki
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uraki
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kashima
authors.forename: Atsuhiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor