title: Cognitive factors and willingness to participate in an HIV vaccine trial among HIV-positive injection drug users.
abstract: There are gaps in our knowledge of the role cognitive factors play in determining people's willingness to participate (WTP) in therapeutic HIV vaccine trials. Using a cross-sectional study of HIV-positive injection drug users (IDU), we determined the role of three cognitive factors: HIV treatment optimism, self-efficacy beliefs, and knowledge of vaccine trial concepts in relation to WTP in a hypothetical phase 3 therapeutic HIV vaccine trial. WTP was 54%. Participants tended to be low in HIV treatment optimism (mean = 3.9/10), high in self-efficacy (mean = 79.8/100), and low in knowledge (mean = 4.1/10). Items pertaining to HIV treatment optimism and knowledge of HIV vaccine trial concepts were generally unrelated to WTP. An increase in self-efficacy had a statistically significant positive association with WTP (OR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.04-2.46, p < 0.05). Furthermore, most of these HIV-positive participants had high levels of self-efficacy, so we are most confident about this relationship at such levels. These findings indicate that interventions focused on increasing self-efficacy could enhance WTP among HIV-positive IDU.
authors.affiliation: School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Shayesta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhalla
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Poole
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Patrick
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kerr
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D055030:Drug Users / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000523:psychology*; D035842:Research Subjects / Q000523:psychology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D020377:Self Efficacy; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000523:psychology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines