title: Assessment of depressive symptoms and functional outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder treated with duloxetine versus placebo: primary outcomes from two trials conducted under the same protocol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Return of functional ability is a central goal in the treatment of major depressive disorder. We conducted two trials with the same protocol that was designed to assess functioning after 8 Weeks of treatment with duloxetine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The a priori primary outcome was improvement in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) item 7 (work/activities). Secondary outcomes included improvement in depressive symptoms assessed by the HAMD Maier subscale, and improvement in functioning assessed by the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and the Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS). Patients were randomly assigned to duloxetine 60 mg/day (Trial I, n = 257; Trial II, n = 261) or placebo (Trial I, n = 127; Trial II, n = 131). Changes from baseline were analyzed using a mixed-effects model repeated measures approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At Week 8, duloxetine was superior to placebo in improving HAMD work/activities (p < 0.001) in Trial II, but not Trial I (p = 0.051), and Maier scores (p < 0.01) in both trials. At Week 12, duloxetine was superior to placebo on improving SASS scores in both trials, and the SDS in Trial II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with duloxetine was associated with significant improvement in depressive symptoms compared with placebo, but improvement in HAMD work/activities was inconsistent at 8 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Lilly USA, LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana 46201, USA. t_oakes@lilly.com
authors.forename: Tina Marie Myers
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Oakes
authors.forename: Adam L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Lauren B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Marangell
authors.forename: Jonna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahl
authors.forename: Apurva
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Thase
authors.forename: Susan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kornstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D013876:Thiophenes; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride