title: Kaiser Permanente's performance improvement system, Part 4: Creating a learning organization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 2006, recognizing variations in performance in quality, safety, service, and efficiency, Kaiser Permanente leaders initiated the development of a performance improvement (PI) system. Kaiser Permanente has implemented a strategy for creating the systemic capacity for continuous improvement that characterizes a learning organization. Six "building blocks" were identified to enable Kaiser Permanente to make the transition to becoming a learning organization: real-time sharing of meaningful performance data; formal training in problem-solving methodology; workforce engagement and informal knowledge sharing; leadership structures, beliefs, and behaviors; internal and external benchmarking; and technical knowledge sharing. Putting each building block into place required multiple complex strategies combining top-down and bottom-up approaches.
  Although the strategies have largely been successful, challenges remain. The demand for real-time meaningful performance data can conflict with prioritized changes to health information systems. It is an ongoing challenge to teach PI, change management, innovation, and project management to all managers and staff without consuming too much training time. Challenges with workforce engagement include low initial use of tools intended to disseminate information through virtual social networking. Uptake of knowledge-sharing technologies is still primarily by innovators and early adopters. Leaders adopt new behaviors at varying speeds and have a range of abilities to foster an environment that is psychologically safe and stimulates inquiry.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A learning organization has the capability to improve, and it develops structures and processes that facilitate the acquisition and sharing of knowledge.
authors.affiliation: National Health Care Performance Improvement and Execution Strategy, Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc., Oakland, California, USA. lisa.schilling@kp.org
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schilling
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Dearing
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staley
authors.forename: Patti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fahey
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kuruppu
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership