title: Sex, war, and disease: the role of parasite infection on weapon development and mating success in a horned beetle (Gnatocerus cornutus).
abstract: While parasites and immunity are widely believed to play important roles in the evolution of male ornaments, their potential influence on systems where male weaponry is the object of sexual selection is poorly understood. We experimentally infect larval broad-horned flour beetles with a tapeworm and study the consequent effects on: 1) adult male morphology 2) male-male contests for mating opportunities, and 3) induction of the innate immune system. We find that infection significantly reduces adult male size in ways that are expected to reduce mating opportunities in nature. The sum of our morphological, competition, and immunological data indicate that during a life history stage where no new resources are acquired, males allocate their finite resources in a way that increases future mating potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, United States of America. jpdemuth@uta.edu
authors.forename: Jeffery P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Demuth
authors.forename: Amrita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naidu
authors.forename: Laura D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Mydlarz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology*; D003163:Competitive Behavior; D003307:Copulation; D006733:Horns; D006925:Hymenolepiasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D048190:Hymenolepis diminuta / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008297:Male; D052586:Mating Preference, Animal; D012098:Reproduction; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal