title: Racial disparities in Hodgkin's lymphoma: a comprehensive population-based analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Racial disparity has been investigated in a number of cancers; however, there remains a comparative paucity of data in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined time-, age-, and gender-specific incidence, disease characteristics, and survival across and within races for adolescent/adult HL (age 10-79 years) diagnosed during 1992-2007 in the SEER 13 registries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 15 662 HL cases were identified [11,211 non-Hispanic whites, 2067 Hispanics, 1662 blacks, and 722 Asian/Pacific Islanders (A/PI)]. Similar to whites, A/PIs had bimodal age-specific incidence, while blacks and Hispanics did not. Further, HL was significantly more common in Hispanics versus whites age>65 years (7.0/1×10(6) versus 4.5/1×10(6), respectively, P<0.01). By place of birth, US-born Hispanics and A/PIs age 20-39 years had higher incidence of HL versus their foreign-born counterparts (P<0.05), however, rates converged age>40 years. Interestingly, from 1992-1997 to 2003-2007, A/PI incidence rates increased >50% (P<0.001). Moreover, this increase was restricted to US-born A/PI. We also identified a number of disease-related differences based on race. Finally, 5-, 10-, and 15-year overall survival rates were inferior for blacks and Hispanics compared with whites (P<0.005 and P<0.001, respectively) and A/PI (P<0.018 and P<0.001, respectively). These differences persisted on multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collectively, we identified multiple racial disparities, including survival, in adolescent/adult HL.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Massachusetts Medical School and the UMass Memorial Cancer Center, Worcester. Electronic address: andrew.evens@umassmed.edu.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Evens
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Studies, The University of Chicago, Chicago.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antillón
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Studies, The University of Chicago, Chicago.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aschebrook-Kilfoy
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Studies, The University of Chicago, Chicago; The University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, USA.
authors.forename: B C-H
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D044383:Black People; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044468:Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander; D018426:SEER Program; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult; D001741:Black or African American