title: Genetic association of FOXP3 gene polymorphisms with allograft rejection in renal transplant patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  FOXP3 gene is known to be important for regulatory T cell development and function, and is associated with the rejection of human kidney transplants. The present study was therefore conducted to determine the effect of FOXP3 polymorphisms on allograft rejection in renal transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 166 adult patients were categorized into either a Rejection group (65 patients) or a No rejection group (101 patients). Rs3761547, rs3761548 and rs2232365 variant alleles in the FOXP3 gene were genotyped using a TaqMan probe technique, and their relationships with rejection were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in the genotype frequencies of rs3761547 and rs2232365 variants between patients with and without rejection history (P > 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the rs3761548 AA genotype carriers were associated with about a fourfold greater risk for rejection compared with CC genotype (5 years post-transplant: odds ratio 3.95, 95% confidence interval 1.27-12.29, P = 0.018). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a lower mean time to the first rejection in rs3761548 AA compared with CC genotype patients (Log rank = 4.303, P = 0.038). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that rs3761548 AA genotype carriers have up to about a twofold (hazard ratio 2.37, 95% confidence interval 1.17-4.80, P = 0.017) higher risk for rejection than CC carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests an association between FOXP3 rs3761548 polymorphisms and allograft rejection in renal transplantation. This association should be further proven in large prospective studies because of the small sample size and confounding factors in this retrospective study.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-Jin
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Ming-Kang
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents