title: Risk factors associated with increased left ventricular mass index in chronic kidney disease patients evaluated using echocardiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is still not clear which factors are associated with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, based on the patient's physical and biochemical parameters at the time of echocardiography. The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with LVMI in CKD patients (predialysis patients), using echocardiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physical, biochemical and LVMI data evaluated by echocardiography were retrospectively analyzed in 930 CKD patients in Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and hemoglobin (Hb) were independent risk factors for increased LVMI in multivariate regression analysis. SBP was significantly correlated with LVMI (r=0.314, p<0.0001). The level of Hb was inversely correlated with LVMI (r=-0.372, p<0.0001). LVMI increased with decreasing renal function. SBP was significantly higher in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in CKD stages 2 and 5, and Hb was significantly lower in patients with LVH in stages 4 and 5 than in the group without LVH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to treat hypertension and anemia to prevent LVH in CKD patients. These findings have some therapeutic implications for treatment strategies for predialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Io
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Kozue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Atsumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: Miyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nagahama
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omote
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hisada
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006454:Hemoglobins