title: Micronutrients, N-acetyl cysteine, probiotics and prebiotics, a review of effectiveness in reducing HIV progression.
abstract: Low serum concentrations of micronutrients, intestinal abnormalities, and an inflammatory state have been associated with HIV progression. These may be ameliorated by micronutrients, N-acetyl cysteine, probiotics, and prebiotics. This review aims to integrate the evidence from clinical trials of these interventions on the progression of HIV. Vitamin B, C, E, and folic acid have been shown to delay the progression of HIV. Supplementation with selenium, N-acetyl cysteine, probiotics, and prebiotics has considerable potential, but the evidence needs to be further substantiated. Vitamin A, iron, and zinc have been associated with adverse effects and caution is warranted for their use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. r.hummelen@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hummelen
authors.forename: Jaimie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hemsworth
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056692:Prebiotics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy; D019936:Probiotics; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D018977:Micronutrients; D056692:Prebiotics; D000111:Acetylcysteine