title: Renal BOLD-MRI does not reflect renal function in chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Renal blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) is a noninvasive fast technique to characterize renal function. Here we evaluated the impact of renal function on the relaxation rate (R2(*)) in the cortex and medulla to provide baseline data for further use of renal BOLD-MRI. This parameter was evaluated in 400 patients scheduled for abdominal imaging who underwent transversal blood oxygen level-dependent measurements with a multi-echo gradient-echo sequence with 12 echo times. The loss of phase coherence (T2(*)) maps were generated in which kidney regions of interest were selected to differentiate the medulla and cortex, and R2(*) was equated to 1/T2(*). Individual R2(*) values were, in turn, correlated to the eGFR (MDRD formula of 280 patients with available serum creatinine measurements), age, and gender each for 1.5 and 3.0 T field-strength scans of 342 patients. At both the field strengths, no significant differences in R2(*) of the cortex and medulla were found between patient gender, age, eGFR, or between different stages of chronic kidney disease determined using the KDOQI system. Thus, BOLD-MRI of a non-specific patient population failed to discriminate between the patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. henrik.michaely@umm.de
authors.forename: Henrik J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Michaely
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haneder
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hansmann
authors.forename: Stefan O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: Ulrike I
authors.initials: UI
authors.lastname: Attenberger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests / Q000379:methods*; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D010100:Oxygen