title: Successful genotyping of microsatellites in the woolly mammoth.
abstract: Genetic analyses using ancient DNA from Pleistocene and early Holocene fossils have largely relied on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences. Among woolly mammoths, Mammuthus primigenius, mtDNA analyses have identified 2 distinct clades (I and II) that diverged 1-2 Ma. Here, we establish that microsatellite markers can be effective on Pleistocene samples, successfully genotyping woolly mammoth specimens at 2 loci. Although significant differentiation at the 2 microsatellite loci was not detected between 16 clade I and 4 clade II woolly mammoths, our results demonstrate that the nuclear population structure of Pleistocene species can be examined using fast-evolving nuclear microsatellite markers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Alfred L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Roca
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fratpietro
authors.forename: Alex D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Greenwood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006579:Heterozygote; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D056665:Mammoths / Q000235:genetics*; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011326:Printers' Marks; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial