title: Effects of Cr III and Pb on the bioaccumulation and toxicity of Cd in tropical periphyton communities: Implications of pulsed metal exposures.
abstract: Metal exposure pattern, timing, frequency, duration, recovery period, metal type and interactions, has obscured effects on periphyton communities in lotic systems. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of intermittent exposures of Cr III and Pb on Cd toxicity and bioaccumulation in tropical periphyton communities. Natural periphyton communities were transferred to artificial stream chambers and exposed to metal mixtures at different pulse timing, duration, frequency and recovery periods. Chlorophyll a, dry mass and metal accumulation kinetics were recorded. Cr and Pb decrease the toxic effects of Cd on periphyton communities. Periphyton has high Cd, Cr and Pb accumulation capacity. Cr and Pb reduced the levels of Cd sequestrated by periphyton communities. The closer the frequency and duration of the pulse is to a continuous exposure, the greater the effects of the contaminant on periphyton growth and metal bioaccumulation. Light increased toxic and accumulative effects of metals on the periphyton community.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Internacional de Ecologia, Rua Bento Carlos, 750, Centro, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. taubere@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Taurai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bere
authors.forename: Mathias Ahii
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.forename: José Galizia
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tundisi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001105:Archaea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D002857:Chromium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007854:Lead / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D058086:Microalgae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D002857:Chromium; D002734:Chlorophyll; D007854:Lead; D000077194:Chlorophyll A