title: Expression of the androgen receptor and its correlation with molecular subtypes in 980 chinese breast cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies have shown that androgen displays an inhibitory effect on breast cancer cell lines that express androgen receptor (AR) but not estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). We have previously reported that approximately 1/3 of ER negative high grade invasive ductal carcinomas express AR. Thus, AR can serve as a potential therapeutic target for this group of patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Here we investigated AR expression patterns in 980 consecutive breast carcinomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that (1) AR was expressed more frequently (77%) than ER (61%) and PR (60%) in breast carcinomas; (2) AR expression was associated with ER and PR expression (P < 0.0001), small tumor size (P = 0.0324) and lower Ki-67 expression (P = 0.0013); (3) AR expression was found in 65% of ER negative tumors; (4) AR expression was associated with PR and Ki-67 in ER negative tumors, but not in ER positive tumors; (5) AR expression was higher in ER positive subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B and Luminal HER2 subtypes, 80%-86%) and lower in ER negative subtypes [HER2, triple negative (TN), and TN EFGR positive subtypes; 52%-66%], with over 50% of TN tumors expressing AR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More breast carcinomas express AR than ER and PR, including significant numbers of ER negative and TN tumors, for which AR could serve as a potential therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, PR China.
authors.forename: Ji-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: You-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yue-Jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Li-Kun
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Zan
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yun-He
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tang