title: Effects of vitamin D3 on the expression of growth-related oncogene-α in THP-1 cells and human primary monocytes.
abstract: Asthma and many autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, have been reported to associate with vitamin D deficiency recently. Growth-related oncogene-α (GRO-α)/CXCL1, a neutrophil-related chemokine, have an important influence on the chronic inflammation of these diseases. It is unknown whether vitamin D has regulatory effects on GRO-α expression in human monocytes. To this end, the human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1, and human primary monocytes were pretreated with 1α, 25-(OH)(2)D(3), and was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Supernatants were collected to determine GRO-α level by ELISA. The intracellular signaling was investigated by nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitor, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, and Western blot. In our studies, LPS-induced GRO-α was significantly enhanced in THP-1 cells, but suppressed in human primary monocytes by 1α, 25-(OH)(2)D(3). Western blotting revealed that 1α, 25-(OH)(2)D(3) increased LPS-stimulated pp38 expression in THP-1 cells, but suppressed LPS-stimulated pMEK1/2-pERK and pJNK in human primary monocytes. In conclusion, the opposite effects of 1α, 25-(OH)(2)D(3) on GRO-α expression in THP-1 cells and human primary monocytes indicated that the data from THP-1 cells should be further confirmed by human primary monocytes. Moreover, vitamin D3 may have potentiality in treating GRO-α-related chronic inflammatory diseases, like asthma and autoimmune diseases.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Emergency, Kaohsiung Medical Univ Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Ren-Long
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.forename: Chang-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Po-Lin
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Wei-Li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Yii
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Huan-Nan
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chih-Hsing
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases