title: Prospective evaluation of gastrointestinal lesions by bidirectional endoscopy in patients with iron deficiency anemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Occult bleeding from the gastrointestinal (GI) lesions is a common cause of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The information concerning the prevalence and the appropriate strategy for evaluation of IDA in Thai patients is scanty.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Prospectively evaluate Thai patients with IDA for GI lesions using bidirectional endoscopy
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with IDA were investigated by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. Significant GI lesions were identified. Clinical data and results of the fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) were collected to determine factors associated with the presence of GI lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred three patients were included in this study and the mean age was 63.6 +/- 15.2 years old. Significant GI lesions were detected in 58 patients (56%), 43% by EGD, 25% by colonoscopy. Twelve patients (12%) had dual lesions identified from both EGD and colonoscopy The most common lesions were peptic ulcers (22%) and colonic carcinoma (13%). Anti-platelets use and positive FOBT were associated with the significant GI lesions with odds ratios of 2.37 (95% CI 1.05-5.36, p = 0.036) and 2.83 (95% CI 1.05-7.68, p = 0.038), respectively FOBT had sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for significant GI lesions at 81%, 40%, 68%, and 66%, respectively. Site-specific symptoms correctly guided the route of endoscopy in 60-80% of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EGD resulted in a better yield than colonoscopy and was the preferred route of initial endoscopy unless there was suggestive site-specific symptom. Bidirectional endoscopy was finally required in most patients unless a cancerous lesion was detected by the initial endoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. supotpong@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Supot
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pongprasobchai
authors.forename: Tassanee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sriprayoon
authors.forename: Sathaporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manatsathit
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000209:etiology*; D003113:Colonoscopy; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009780:Occult Blood; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011446:Prospective Studies