title: Suitability of isolated rat jejunum model for demonstration of complete absorption in humans for BCS-based biowaiver request.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the suitability and acceptance criteria of isolated rat jejunum model for Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS)-permeability classification. The evaluation followed recommended procedures including investigation of tissue integrity by applying damage triggers (nitrogen gassing, elevated temperature, azide addition), characterization of transporter functionality, and expression and development of correlation between rats' apparent permeability coefficient (P(app) ) versus humans' and versus oral fraction absorbed (f(a) ) in humans. Firstly, damage triggers caused a decrease in transepithelial resistance and potential difference and increase in lucifer yellow (LY) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran P(app) . However, only FITC-dextran P(app) 's increase was considered significant in all treatment groups, making FITC-dextran a better indicator of jejunum integrity than LY. Secondly, the expression level of selected intestinal transporters highly correlated between rat and human and functionality of P-glycoprotein was confirmed. P(app) of investigated drugs correlated with human f(a) (R(2) = 0.85, n = 20) and with human permeability coefficients (R(2) = 0.86, n = 13). Utility of described model for BCS classification was shown on levetiracetam, where significantly higher permeability of levetiracetam as compared with internal standard metoprolol was determined (t-test, p = 0.005). In conclusion, isolated rat jejunum model is a useful tool not only for mechanistic investigation, but also for permeability classification according to BCS and consequently for BCS-based biowaiver procedures.
authors.affiliation: Sandoz Development Center Slovenia, Pharmaceutical and Biological Profiling, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., 1526 Ljubljana, Slovenia. luka.peternel@sandoz.com
authors.forename: Luka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peternel
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kristan
authors.forename: Marija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petruševska
authors.forename: Tea Lanišnik
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Rižner
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Legen
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001702:Biopharmaceutics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism*; D010539:Permeability; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000145:classification*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations