title: Serum phosphorus as a predictor of low-grade albuminuria in a general population without evidence of chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High levels of serum phosphorus, even within the normal range, have been associated with cardiovascular (CV) morbidity. Low-grade albuminuria (LGA) was demonstrated to be related to increased CV events in various study populations. The present study aimed to investigate the association between serum phosphorus levels and LGA in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the individuals who had undergone health inspections. We evaluated the correlation between serum phosphorus and LGA in 8953 participants (mean age, 47.4 years) with estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs)≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratios (UACRs)<30 mg/g. Participants who underwent a colonoscopy were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean UACR was significantly higher in the uppermost quartile group of serum phosphorus concentrations than in other quartile groups. In the multivariate regression analysis, serum phosphorus remained an independent predictor of increased UACR (B=0.610, P<0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that this association was maintained irrespective of age, gender, presence of hypertension or diabetes, body mass index and eGFR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our population-based study, higher serum phosphorus was independently related to LGA in individuals without evidence of renal dysfunction. Further investigations are warranted to clarify the precise mechanism of the association between serum phosphorus and LGA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hajeong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Se Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Nam Ju
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Ho Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Ki Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Suhnggwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong-Wan
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Chae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010758:Phosphorus