title: Antimicrobial prenylated acetophenones from berries of Harrisonia abyssinica.
abstract: The ripe berries of Harrisonia abyssinica yielded two new prenylated acetophenones, namely 5-(ethan-1'''-one)-4,6-dihydroxy-7-(3'',3''-dimethylallyl)-2 S-(1' S-hydroxy-1',5'-dimethylhex-4'-enyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (1) and 5-(2'''-hydroxyethan-1'''-one)-4,6-dihydroxy-7-(3'',3''-dimethylallyl)-2 S-(1' S-hydroxy-1',5'-dimethylhex-4'-enyl)-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (2), herein named harronin I and harronin II, respectively. The compounds were isolated following activity guided fractionation and the structures were determined using 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic, CD and MS spectrometric techniques. The methanol-dichloromethane mixture (1 : 1 v/v) crude extract exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Lactobacillus casei. Harronin I (1) showed a MIC of 5 µg/mL against C. albicans, 6 µg/mL against B. cereus, and more than 20 µg/mL against other tested microorganisms. Harronin II (2) showed much weaker MIC values (> 100 µg/mL) against all the tested microorganisms.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya.
authors.forename: Regina K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mayaka
authors.forename: Moses K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Langat
authors.forename: Josiah O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Omolo
authors.forename: Peter K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Cheplogoi
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007630:Kenya; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008958:Models, Molecular; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D054876:Prenylation; D029641:Simaroubaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts