title: Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Predicts Chronic Kidney Disease Awareness in the Kidney Early Evaluation Program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lack of chronic kidney disease (CKD) awareness is common. Recent data suggest that the presence of concurrent diabetes may heighten CKD awareness, but current data have not supported the hypothesis that healthcare delivery or insurance status improves awareness in the diabetic population. Diabetes is associated with high cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity, especially in patients with CKD. We hypothesized that a highly prevalent co-morbid condition such as CVD in patients with diabetes would predict CKD awareness.
  
  
  METHODS
  We utilized data from theNational Kidney Foundation-Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEPTM), a large screening program designed to identify high-risk individuals for CKD and promote awareness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 77,077 participants, CKD was identified in 20,200 and diabetes in 23,082. Prevalence of CVD was higher in participants with than without diabetes (39.5 vs. 22.0%) and in stage 3-5 compared to stage 1-2 CKD (43.3 vs. 34.4%). Patients with diabetes and CVD had a higher level of awareness than those without diabetes (8.2 vs. 2.2%). Among patients with diabetes and CVD, the presence of congestive heart failure was a better predictor of awareness [odds ratio (OR) 1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.40-2.43] than endpoints such as myocardial infarction or stroke [OR 1.35 (95% CI 1.04-1.73) and OR 1.34 (95% CI 1.04-1.72), respectively].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While prevalence of CKD awareness remained low, our data suggest that in patients with diabetes the presence of CVD was associated with increased awareness in a targeted screening program for CKD awareness.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Whaley-Connell
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bomback
authors.forename: Samy I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: McFarlane
authors.forename: Suying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tricia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Shu-Cheng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Allan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: George L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Bakris
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sowers
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McCullough