title: The effect of formoterol on peritoneal VEGF levels in rats with endometriosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of formoterol (β2 adrenergic receptor agonist) on peritoneal VEGF levels in rats with endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental endometriosis was constituted with implantation of endometrial tissue. The implants were examined by second laparatomy and rats were divided randomly into four groups. One cc saline was applied ip to the control (C) group (n=8) daily, 22.5μg/kg/day ip formoterol was applied to the second (F) group (n=10) daily, 22.5μg/kg/day ip formoterol and 10mg/kg/day ip propranolol were applied to the third (FP) group (n=10) daily, 45μg/kg/day ip formoterol was applied to the fourth (FF) group (n=9). Before treatment and after 30 days treatment period, peritoneal VEGF levels, the volumes and histopathological properties of the implants were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in between the peritoneal VEGF levels before and after treatment in group 2(F) and group 4(FF) (p(a): 0.01, 0.01 respectively). But there were no significant changes in between the volumes of implants before and after treatment among the groups (p>0.05). There were no significant differences among the groups in histopathological parameters (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Formoterol treatment was seen to have no effect on the volumes and histopathological structure of endometriotic implants in our study. On the other hand, based on the group 2(F) and 4's (FF) VEGF levels after the treatment, low dose or high dose formoterol may be effective with long term therapy. Formoterol may reduce the development of endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. nafiyekarakas@gmail.com
authors.forename: Nafiye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Gulnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ozaksit
authors.forename: Raziye
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keskin
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tapisiz
authors.forename: Leyla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mollamahmutoglu
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Muzeyyen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Astarci
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ustun
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mulazımoglu
mesh_terms: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D004983:Ethanolamines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467498:vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate