title: The Relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Health-Related Quality of Life in Korean Adults: The Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2009).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes is a major health problem in Korea. However, interest in the quality of life in patients with diabetes is low. We examined the effects of diabetes on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and compared it with HRQoL in the general Korean population using the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES IV) (2007-2009).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using KNHANES IV data, we compared EuroQol (EQ)-5D and EQ-visual analogue scale (VAS) scores after adjusting for sociodemographic and psychosocial factors as well as for comorbidities (hypertension, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and chronic renal disease). Logistic regressions were used to explore determinants for the lowest quintile HRQoL scales in the diabetes group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the 14,441 enrolled subjects (6,129 men and 8,312 women) was 52.5±14.5 years. The mean EQ-5D and EQ-VAS scores were significantly lower in the diabetes group (EQ-5D. 0.87; EQ-VAS, 71.94) than in the non-diabetes group (EQ-5D, 0.94; EQ-VAS, 77.40) (P<0.001). Self-reported depressive symptom had a significant effect on lowering the EQ-VAS (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 2.6) in the diabetes group. Stress level had a significant effect in lowering both the EQ-5D (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.9) and the EQ-VAS (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.9). HbA1c, diabetes duration, and treatment modalities had no significant effect on lowering HRQoL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes was clearly associated with impaired HRQoL compared with the non-diabetic population regardless of comorbidities. Therapeutic approaches should focus much more on the subjective perception of health in patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Min Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: So Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Tae Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hae Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoon-Sok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Kwan Woo
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dae Jung
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim