title: The function of platelet-derived growth factor in the differentiation of mouse tongue striated muscle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the function of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the final differentiation phase of tongue striated muscle cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the expressions of PDGF-A, -B, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-α, and PDGFR-β in mouse tongues between embryonic days (E) 11 and 15. Furthermore, we examined the effects of human recombinant PDGF-AB and the peptide antagonist for PDGFRs using an organ culture system of mouse embryonic tongue. Mouse tongues at E12 were cultured in BGJb medium containing human recombinant PDGF-AB for 4 days or the peptide antagonist for PDGF receptors for 8 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PDGF-A, -B, PDGFR-α, and -β were expressed in the differentiating muscle cells between E11 and 15. The human recombinant PDGF-AB induced increases in the mRNA expressions of myogenin and muscle creatine kinase (MCK) and the number of fast myosin heavy chain (fMHC)-positive cells, markers for the differentiation of muscle cells. On the other hand, the peptide antagonist for PDGFRs induced suppressions in the mRNA expressions of myogenin and MCK, and the number of fMHC-positive cells. Both the PDGF-AB and the antagonist failed to affect the expressions of cell proliferation markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that PDGF functions as a positive regulator in the final differentiation phase of tongue muscle cells in mouse embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D052283:Creatine Kinase, MM Form / Q000032:analysis; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000196:embryology*; D018008:Myogenin / Q000032:analysis; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000032:analysis; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000032:analysis; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014059:Tongue / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: C503801:Myog protein, mouse; D018008:Myogenin; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C075278:platelet-derived growth factor A; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta; D052283:Creatine Kinase, MM Form; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains