title: Deaths and hospital admissions as a result of home injuries among young and middle-aged New Zealand adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  New Zealand lacks a comprehensive national profile of home injuries, this information is necessary to develop effective targeted injury prevention initiatives. This study describes the epidemiology of unintentional home injuries resulting in death or admission to hospital among young and middle-age New Zealanders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases were selected from Ministry of Health public hospital discharge (2000-2009) and mortality data (1998-2007), and included all 20-64 year olds where the place of injury occurrence was classified as 'home'. Only initial hospitalisations with a stay of 24 hours or longer were included. The circumstances of injury were coded according to the ICD-10 external cause categories. Mean annual rates of death or hospitalisation were calculated using census and intercensal denominator data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On average 4000 young and middle-age adults are admitted to hospital and 60 die annually as a result of unintentional injuries sustained at home. Overall, mortality rates were highest amongst males, older adults (50 to 64 years), and Māori. The leading causes of unintentional home injury deaths were poisoning, falls, and burns. Hospitalisation rates were highest among males, the older age groups (> 40 years), and Maori. As age increased so did the incidence of hospital admission. The leading contributors resulting in admission to hospital were falls, cutting or piercing, overexertion, and poisoning. Injuries due to falls had the highest median length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality rate. As deprivation increased so did the frequency of hospital admissions due to fall and cutting or piercing injuries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poisonings and falls are the leading causes of unintentional home injury death among young and middle-aged New Zealanders. In addition, falls are a significant contributor to home injury resulting in admission to hospital. The large numbers of home injuries occurring each year in New Zealand, mean that even moderately successful injury prevention interventions could have large impacts at the population level.
authors.affiliation: Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand. b.kool@auckland.ac.nz
authors.forename: Bridget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kool
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chelimo
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Shanthi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ameratunga
mesh_terms: D000061:Accidents, Home / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D002423:Cause of Death / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult