title: Ocular disorders in children in Zaria children's school.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The main causes of blindness in children change over time. The prevalence and pattern of eye diseases in children were studied in northern Nigeria 6 years ago. This study like the previous one was a school eye health screening conducted in Zaria children school located at the centre of Zaria, a city in northern Nigeria.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to determine the current prevalence and pattern of eye diseases affecting school children in Zaria. This is to serve as a current template for planning eye care for children in Zaria and environs.
  
  
  METHODS
  a cross sectional study of 327 children who completed a pre-designed school eye screening format was conducted. Consent was obtained from the school authority and the parents before the screening exercise. It involved assessment of visual acuity, anterior and posterior segment examination and colour vision testing. Intraocular pressure measurement and refraction were done for those with indications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 327 children were examined, out of which 45.6% (n=149) were males and 54.4% (n=178) were females. M: F=1:1.2. Age range 5-17 yrs with mean of 9.6 ± 3.1(SD). The commonest causes of eye disorders were refractive errors 8.0% (n=26), allergic conjunctivitis 7.3 % (n=24), glaucoma suspects 3.7% (n=12) and colour deficiency 1.5%(n=5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The major causes of childhood eye disorders were uncorrected refractive errors and allergic conjunctivitis. The predominance of uncorrected refractive error is similar to what is obtainable in other parts of the world especially in the urban areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Shika, Nigeria. emmanabah@yahoo.com
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Abah
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Oladigbolu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samaila
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gani-Ikilama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012574:Schools; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014787:Vision Tests; D014792:Visual Acuity