title: Carcinogenic potencies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for back-door neighbors of restaurants with cooking emissions.
abstract: In the present study, 21 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) congeners were measured in the exhaust stack of 3 types of restaurants: 9 Chinese, 7 Western, and 4 barbeque (BBQ). The total PAH concentration of BBQ restaurants (58.81 ± 23.89 μg m(-3)) was significantly higher than that of Chinese (20.99 ± 13.67 μg m(-3)) and Western (21.47 ± 11.44 μg m(-3)) restaurants. The total benzo[a]pyrene potency equivalent (B[a]P(eq)) concentrations, however, were highest in Chinese restaurants (1.82 ± 2.24 μg m(-3)), followed by Western (0.86 ± 1.43 μg m(-3), p<0.01) and BBQ-type restaurants (0.59 ± 0.55 μg m(-3), p<0.01). We further developed a probabilistic risk model to assess the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) for people exposed to carcinogenic PAHs. Because the exhaust stack directly affected the back-door neighbors of these restaurants, we were concerned with the real exposure of groups near the exhaust stack outlets of these restaurants. The ILCRs for total exposure of the neighbors (inhalation+dermal contact+ingestion) were 2.6-31.3, 1.5-14.8, and 1.3-12.2 × 10(-6) in Chinese, Western, and BBQ restaurants, respectively. We suggest that the maximum acceptable exposure time to the exhaust stack outlet area for Chinese, Western, and BBQ restaurants ranges between 5-19, 17-42, and 18-56 h month(-1), respectively, based on an ILCR of less than 10(-6).
authors.affiliation: Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, 840 Chengching Road, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jein-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shu-Li
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dannis Paul Hsientang
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Hsi-Hsien
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hui-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000506:poisoning; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D003296:Cooking; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000506:poisoning; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012147:Restaurants; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D002273:Carcinogens; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons