title: Diagnosis and treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To audit our experience of the diagnosis and treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) in Kandang Kerbau Women's Hospital, Singapore.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical records of the patients diagnosed as having VAIN at our institution in the calendar year 2009 were periodically reviewed until March 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 21 cases of VAIN. The mean follow-up duration was 18.2 months. The lesion grades were VAIN 1 in 9 patients (42.9%), VAIN 2 in 9 patients (42.9%), and VAIN 3 in 3 patients (14.3%). The mean patient age was 39.1 years. Sixteen patients (76.2%) were referred to our institution because of abnormal results to cytology tests and 4 patients (21.9%) were referred because of vaginal warts. The remaining patient was diagnosed from a surgical specimen. The diagnosis involved a cytology test, a colposcopic examination, an acetowhite test, a Schiller test, and a colposcopy-directed biopsy. The treatments varied and included watchful waiting but carbon dioxide laser vaporization was used the most frequently.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After 6 months of follow-up 18 patients were considered cured, for an overall cure rate of 85.7%. Two patients wanted no treatment and disease remained persistent in 1 patient despite laser vaporization and intravaginal applications of imiquimod cream.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kandang Kerbau Hospital, Singapore. wcube@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Wei-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Wee
authors.forename: Yin N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.forename: Philip K-L
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Yam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D003127:Colposcopy; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D054020:Lasers, Gas / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012846:Singapore; D014625:Vaginal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D057832:Watchful Waiting; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral