title: Supramolecular structure characterization of cellulose II nanowhiskers produced by acid hydrolysis of cellulose I substrates.
abstract: Cellulose II nanowhiskers (CNW-II) were produced by treatment of microcrystalline cellulose with sulfuric acid by both controlling the amount of H(2)SO(4) introduced and the time of addition during the hydrolysis process. The crystalline structure was confirmed by both XRD and (13)C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy. When observed between crossed polarizers, the cellulose II suspension displayed flow birefringence and was stable for several months. The CNW-II nanowhiskers were significantly smaller than the cellulose I nanowhiskers (CNW-I) and had a rounded shape at the tip. The CNW-II average length and height were estimated by AFM to be 153 ± 66 and 4.2 ± 1.5 nm, respectively. An average width of 6.3 ± 1.7 nm was found by TEM, suggesting a ribbon-shape morphology for these whiskers. The average dimensions of the CNW-II elementary crystallites were estimated from the XRD data, using Scherrer's equation. A tentative cross-sectional geometry consistent with both XRD and NMR data was then proposed and compared with the geometry of the CNW-I nanowhiskers.
authors.affiliation: University of Bordeaux , LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33600 Pessac, France. gilles.sebe@u-bordeaux1.fr
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sèbe
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ham-Pichavant
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ibarboure
authors.forename: Akissi Lydie Chantal
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Koffi
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tingaut
mesh_terms: D001718:Birefringence; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D015394:Molecular Structure; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D002482:Cellulose; C033158:sulfuric acid