title: Autonomic nervous system driven cardiomyocytes in vitro.
abstract: Rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG), which are sympathetic ganglia, neurons and ventricular myocytes (VMs) were co-cultured separately in a minichamber placed on a microelectrode-array (MEA) substrate. The minichamber was fabricated photolithographically and had 2 compartments, 16 microcompartments and 8 microconduits. The SCG neurons were seeded into one of the compartments and all of the microcompartments using a glass pipette controlled by a micromanipulator and a microinjector. The VMs were seeded into the other compartment. Three days after seeding of the VMs, the neurites of the SCG neurons had connected with the VMs via the microconduits. Electrical stimulations, trains of biphasic square pulses, were applied to the SCG neurons in the microcompartments using 16 electrodes. Evoked responses were observed in several electrodes while electrical stimulation was applied to the SCG neurons. According to the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the beat rate after electrical stimulation was affected by the frequency and the number of the stimulation pulses. These results suggest that pulse number and the frequency of the electrical stimulation contribute to modulation of the beat rate of the cardiomyocytes.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8563, Japan. takeuchi@bmpe.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akimasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimba
authors.forename: Yuzo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriguchi
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kotani
authors.forename: Jong-Kook
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noshiro
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jimbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D061249:Batch Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017783:Superior Cervical Ganglion / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*