title: Acute adverse reactions to radiographic iodinated and gadolinium-based contrast media: incidence, risk factors and premedication: from published evidence to a practical approach.
abstract: Although relatively uncommon especially in their severe manifestations, adverse reactions (ARs) to radiographic contrast media (CM) may represent a source of concern to both physicians and patients because of the large number of CT and MR imaging procedures daily performed. In this paper the current literature is reviewed regarding incidence and risk factors for acute ARs to both iodinated and gadolinium-based CM, and about the usefulness of pharmacological premedication to reduce risk. A practical approach for everyday clinical practice is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy. mtonolini@sirm.org
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonolini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bianco
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D017613:Iodine Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011292:Premedication; D011859:Radiography; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D017613:Iodine Compounds; D005682:Gadolinium