title: Role of transplanted bone marrow cells in response to skeletal muscle injury.
abstract: The recently discovered capacity of bone           marrow cells (BMCs) to contribute to injury-induced           skeletal muscle regeneration has brought new possibilities           in the treatment of skeletal muscle diseases.           However, a suitable method of BMC transplantation           usable for such therapy has to be established. In this           work, recipient mice were intramuscularly injected           with cardiotoxin, then whole-body lethally irradiated           to eradicate satellite cells in their injured tibialis           anterior (TA) muscles and to suppress haematopoiesis,           and subsequently intravenously transplanted           with lacZ+ BMCs with the aim to investigate the role           of exogenous BMCs in response to skeletal muscle           injury. Seven to 33 days after grafting, recipient TA           muscles were examined to detect donor-derived           X-gal+ cells and analysed by quantitative PCR. In injured           recipients' muscles, X-gal positivity was identified           14 and 33 days after grafting in some infiltrating           neutrophils and macrophages, infrequently in fibroblasts           of endomysium, and in many large multinucleated           cells (devoid of myogenic markers desmin           and nestin) resembling foreign body giant cells situated           in the vicinity of necrotic muscle fibres. qPCR           confirmed the presence of transplanted lacZ+ BMCs           in injured recipients' muscles. Our results proved the           ability of intravenously transplanted adult BMCs to           settle in injured muscles and generate blood cells           that infiltrated endomysium and took part in the           cleaning reaction. After inhibition of endogenous           myogenesis, BMCs were not able to participate in           formation of new muscle fibres due to persisting           necrosis of degenerated muscle fibres. Instead, BMCs           attempted to resorb necrotic structures, which confirmed           the indispensable role of bone marrow-derived           macrophages in skeletal muscle regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. cizkovad@lfhk.cuni.cz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cížková
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vávrová
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mičuda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filip
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brčáková
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brůčková
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mokrý
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D005966:Glucuronidase