title: [Botulinum toxin A: analgesic treatment for temporomandibular joint disorders].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pain, along with clicking, sub-luxation, and blocking, is one of the main symptoms for patients presenting with temporomandibular joint disorders. We assessed the effectiveness of botulinum toxin A (BOTOX(®), Allergan) as analgesic treatment for temporomandibular joint disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients with chronic pain linked to temporomandibular joint disorders were prospectively assessed. Botulinum toxin A was injected in masseter and temporalis muscles. Follow-up parameters, at one and three months, were: measuring mouth opening and diduction, muscle tenderness and pain using a visual analogue scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant (P<0.0001) decrease of pain, an increased mouth opening, and diduction at three months. Seventy percent of the patients felt less muscle tenderness. The patient felt his psychological state had improved and so did his family.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Botulinum toxin A significantly decreases pain and improves movements of patients presenting with temporomandibular joint disorders. The effects are prolonged three months after the injection.
authors.affiliation: Département Universitaire de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Stomatologie, Hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHRU de Lille, boulevard du Professeur-Émile-Laine, 59000 Lille, France. denglehem@gmail.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Denglehem
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raoul
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A