title: Findings concerning testis, vas deference, and epididymis in adult cases with nonpalpable testes.
abstract: In this study, we aimed to state the relationship between testis, epididymis and vas deference, in adult cases with nonpalpable testis. Between January 1996 and December 2009, we evaluated 154 adult cases with nonpalpable testes. Mean age was  23 years (20-27 years). Explorations were performed by open inguinal incision, laparoscopy, and by inguinal incision and laparoscopy together on 22, 131 and 1 patient, respectively. Of all the unilateral cases, 32 were accepted as vanishing testis. In five of these cases, vas deference was ending inside the abdomen, and in the others, it was ending inside the scrotum. In the remaining 99 unilateral and 22 bilateral cases, 143 testes were found in total. Testes were found in the inguinal canal as atrophic in one case, at the right renal pedicle level with dysmorphic testis in one case, and anterior to the internal ring between the bladder and the common iliac vessels at a smaller than normal size in 119 cases. One (0.69%) case did not have epididymis. While epididymis was attached to the testis only at the head and tail locations in 88 (61.53%) cases, it was totally attached to the testis in 54 (37.76%) cases. There is an obviously high incidence rate of testis and vas deference anomalies, where epididymis is the most frequent one. In cases with abdominal testes, this rate is highest for high localised abdominal testes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Sema Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Coskun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalkan
authors.forename: Soner
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yalcinkaya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D004822:Epididymis / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007264:Inguinal Canal; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D010173:Palpation; D010409:Penile Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013737:Testis / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult