title: Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws -- report of three cases in Bulgaria and review of the literature.
abstract: A severe complication of the administration of bisphosphonate-containing medications is known as bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BONJ). A case series of three patients affected by BONJ is presented. These patients currently represent the only described cases of BONJ in Bulgaria. Exposed necrotic bone of the mandible was observed in two patients and the maxilla was affected in the third case. Two of the patients had been treated with zoledronate for metastatic prostate cancer and one patient for metastatic endometrioid cancer. All three patients underwent surgical treatment. One of the patients received conservative surgical debridement, i.e. removal of necrotic bone only, and primary wound closure. Conservative surgical debridement and application of local medications without wound closure were used in the other two patients. All three patients received systemic antibiotic treatment. No evidence of disease progression was observed during the follow-up period of 3 to 12 months. The surgical approach utilized in the present study is discussed in the light of the etiopathogenesis, prevention and treatment of BONJ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. pechalova@abv.bg
authors.forename: Petia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pechalova
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakardjiev
authors.forename: Zaprian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zaprianov
authors.forename: Boyan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vladimirov
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Poriazova
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zheleva
authors.forename: Georgi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hadjigeorgiev
authors.forename: Vesselina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Goranova-Marinova
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goranov
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D059266:Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid