title: Small ruminant lentiviruses: immunopathogenesis of visna-maedi and caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus.
abstract: The small ruminant lentiviruses include the prototype for the genus, visna-maedi virus (VMV) as well as caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV). Infection of sheep or goats with these viruses causes slow, progressive, inflammatory pathology in many tissues, but the most common clinical signs result from pathology in the lung, mammary gland, central nervous system and joints. This review examines replication, immunity to and pathogenesis of these viruses and highlights major differences from and similarities to some of the other lentiviruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK. bab2@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Blacklaws
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D016088:Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D011021:Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D012418:Ruminants / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D012756:Sheep / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D014779:Virus Replication; D014790:Visna-maedi virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral