title: G-protein-coupled receptors as fat sensors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been demonstrated that fatty acids (FAs) are physiological ligands of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPRs). Activation of the GPRs (40, 41, 43, 84, 119 and 120) by FAs or synthetic agonists modulates several responses. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the actions of FA-activated GPRs and their relevance in normal and pathological conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies have shown that FA-activated GPRs modulate hormone secretion (incretin, insulin and glucagon), activation of leukocytes and several aspects of metabolism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding GPR actions and their involvement in the development of insulin-resistance, β-cell failure, dyslipidemia and inflammation associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases is important for the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying these pathological conditions and for the establishment of new and effective interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marco A R
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vinolo
authors.forename: Sandro M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hirabara
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Curi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D054795:Incretins / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D054795:Incretins; D007328:Insulin; D008024:Ligands; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled