title: [Presurgical nasoalveolar molding in infants with cleft lip and palate: analysis of 29 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to treat the cleft lip and alveolus, nasal deformity with presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM), to elucidate the problems and treatment methods, which may be helpful for the use of PNAM in clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty nine infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP) were treated with PNAM in our center. There were 19 unilateral and 10 bilateral CLP patients. The initial visit time was 3 to 150 days after birth. Treatment time ranged from 2.5 to 3 months. The appliance was modified at 2-week interval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the evaluation standards, 17 infants were treated successfully with the closure of cleft lip and alveolar processes, reposition of the deformed nasal cartilages, and increased length of columella. The lip and nasal deformities of 9 infants were corrected partly, which were helpful for surgery. There were 3 infants giving up PNAM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were five important facts for the successful treatment, including initial visit time, impression of the intraoral cleft defect, modification of the plate and the nasal stent, and use of nasal splints. Orthodontics and plastic surgeons should have the same views for PNAM in infants, which will advance the treatment level for cleft lip and palate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics,Stomatological Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shanxi Province, China. 369hyx@163.com
authors.forename: Yu-xia
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Zhan-ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Jin-feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiang-lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Si-wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hui-qin
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process; D001860:Bone Plates; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D003729:Dental Care; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009666:Nose; D011300:Preoperative Care; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D015607:Stents