title: Minocycline inhibits growth of epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  These studies were designed to determine whether minocycline inhibits ovarian cancer growth in vitro and in vivo and the molecular mechanisms involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of minocycline on ovarian cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis was assessed using human ovarian cancer cell lines OVCAR-3, SKOV-3 and A2780. Then, the capacity of minocycline to inhibit growth of OVCAR-3 xenografts in female nude mice was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minocycline inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, down-regulated cyclins A, B and E leading to arrest of cells in the G(0) phase of the cycle and suppression of DNA synthesis. Furthermore, exposure of these cells to minocycline led to DNA laddering, activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP-1. In nude mice bearing sub-cutaneous tumors, minocycline suppressed tumor proliferation index, angiogenesis and tumor growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings provide the initial basis for further evaluation of minocycline in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia. mh.pourgholami@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Pourgholami
authors.forename: Ahmed H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mekkawy
authors.forename: Samina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badar
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D000077216:Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016213:Cyclins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008911:Minocycline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D016213:Cyclins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D008911:Minocycline