title: A qualitative study to explore how parental expectations and rules influence beverage choices in early adolescence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand parent beverage expectations for early adolescents (EAs) by eating occasion at home and in various settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive study using focus group interviews and the constant comparative method for qualitative data analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six focus groups were completed, and 2 were conducted in Spanish. Participants (n = 49) were mostly female (86%) and non-Hispanic white (49%) and Hispanic (33%). Parent expectations for EA beverage intake were based on health beliefs, EA preferences, and cost, whereas those related to portion sizes and frequency varied by beverage type. Parents managed beverage expectations at home and away from home by making healthful beverages available and accessible, or by offering or allowing only specific beverages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this qualitative study involving a small sample of parents showed that expectations were influenced by practical concerns and managed primarily through availability practices. These issues could be addressed to improve EA beverage consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. rothy001@umn.edu
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roth-Yousey
authors.forename: Yen Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Marla
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reicks
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D001628:Beverages / Q000191:economics; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*