title: No negative symptoms in healthy volunteers after single doses of amisulpride, aripiprazole, and haloperidol:  a double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: Noncompliance and poor outcome in patients with schizophrenia are closely related to the negative symptoms secondary to antipsychotics. No controlled study has evaluated whether amisulpride and aripiprazole induce negative symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of single doses of amisulpride, aripiprazole, haloperidol, and risperidone in healthy volunteers. Seventy-eight young volunteers took part in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study of four antipsychotics: 400 mg amisulpride, 10 mg aripiprazole, 3 mg haloperidol, and 2 mg risperidone. Assessments of negative symptoms were done 4 h after administration using both subjective rating scales (Neuroleptic Induced Deficit Syndrome Scale and Subjective Deficit Syndrome Scale) and an objective rating scale (Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms). Risperidone only produced significant increases on the avolition score of the Neuroleptic Induced Deficit Syndrome Scale and blunted affect and alogia scores of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms compared with placebo. The effect on blunted affect persisted after controlling for mental sedation. Amisulpride, aripiprazole, and haloperidol did not induce negative symptoms. Aripiprazole and risperidone induced mild extrapyramidal symptoms. The most common adverse events were somnolence and cognitive slowing. These data indicate that a single risperidone dose induces negative symptoms in normal volunteers, whereas amisulpride, aripiprazole, and haloperidol do not. These characteristics of antipsychotics should be considered when choosing optimal drugs for patients with psychosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Chul-Hyun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Tae-Won
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong-Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Keon-Hak
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Guang-Biao
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Myung-Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000077582:Amisulpride; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000139:chemically induced; D004244:Dizziness / Q000139:chemically induced; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015363:Quinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018967:Risperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013469:Sulpiride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D010879:Piperazines; D015363:Quinolones; D013469:Sulpiride; D000077582:Amisulpride; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D006220:Haloperidol; D018967:Risperidone