title: Temporal regulation of gene expression of the Escherichia coli bacteriophage phiEco32.
abstract: Escherichia coli phage phiEco32 encodes two proteins that bind to host RNA polymerase (RNAP): gp79, a novel protein, and gp36, a distant homolog of σ(70) family proteins. Here, we investigated the temporal pattern of phiEco32 and host gene expression during infection. Host transcription shutoff and three distinct bacteriophage temporal gene classes (early, middle, and late) were revealed. A combination of bioinformatic and biochemical approaches allowed identification of phage promoters recognized by a host RNAP holoenzyme containing the σ(70) factor. These promoters are located upstream of early phage genes. A combination of macroarray data, primer extension, and in vitro transcription analyses allowed identification of six promoters recognized by an RNAP holoenzyme containing gp36. These promoters are characterized by a single-consensus element tAATGTAtA and are located upstream of the middle and late phage genes. Curiously, gp79, an inhibitor of host and early phage transcription by σ(70) holoenzyme, activated transcription by the gp36 holoenzyme in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Waksman Institute for Microbiology, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pavlova
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lavysh
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klimuk
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Djordjevic
authors.forename: Dmitry A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ravcheev
authors.forename: Mikhail S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gelfand
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Severinov
authors.forename: Natalja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akulenko
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003090:Coliphages / Q000235:genetics*; D019295:Computational Biology; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000821:virology*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012808:Sigma Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D012808:Sigma Factor; C081775:RNA polymerase sigma 70; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases