title: Hydroxytyrosol protects against oxidative DNA damage in human breast cells.
abstract: Over recent years, several studies have related olive oil ingestion to a low incidence of several diseases, including breast cancer. Hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol are two of the major phenols present in virgin olive oils. Despite the fact that they have been linked to cancer prevention, there is no evidence that clarifies their effect in human breast tumor and non-tumor cells. In the present work, we present hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol's effects in human breast cell lines. Our results show that hydroxytyrosol acts as a more efficient free radical scavenger than tyrosol, but both fail to affect cell proliferation rates, cell cycle profile or cell apoptosis in human mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A) or breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7). We found that hydroxytyrosol decreases the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in MCF10A cells but not in MCF7 or MDA-MB-231 cells while very high amounts of tyrosol is needed to decrease the ROS level in MCF10A cells. Interestingly, hydroxytyrosol prevents oxidative DNA damage in the three breast cell lines. Therefore, our data suggest that simple phenol hydroxytyrosol could contribute to a lower incidence of breast cancer in populations that consume virgin olive oil due to its antioxidant activity and its protection against oxidative DNA damage in mammary cells.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Division, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain. fwarleta@ujaen.es
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Warleta
authors.forename: Cristina Sánchez
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Quesada
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Yosra
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Allouche
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beltrán
authors.forename: José J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gaforio
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001940:Breast / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; C005975:3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol; C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol