title: A novel sensor to map auxin response and distribution at high spatio-temporal resolution.
abstract: Auxin is a key plant morphogenetic signal but tools to analyse dynamically its distribution and signalling during development are still limited. Auxin perception directly triggers the degradation of Aux/IAA repressor proteins. Here we describe a novel Aux/IAA-based auxin signalling sensor termed DII-VENUS that was engineered in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The VENUS fast maturing form of yellow fluorescent protein was fused in-frame to the Aux/IAA auxin-interaction domain (termed domain II; DII) and expressed under a constitutive promoter. We initially show that DII-VENUS abundance is dependent on auxin, its TIR1/AFBs co-receptors and proteasome activities. Next, we demonstrate that DII-VENUS provides a map of relative auxin distribution at cellular resolution in different tissues. DII-VENUS is also rapidly degraded in response to auxin and we used it to visualize dynamic changes in cellular auxin distribution successfully during two developmental responses, the root gravitropic response and lateral organ production at the shoot apex. Our results illustrate the value of developing response input sensors such as DII-VENUS to provide high-resolution spatio-temporal information about hormone distribution and response during plant growth and development.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, CNRS, INRA, ENS Lyon, UCBL, Université de Lyon, 69364 Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brunoud
authors.forename: Darren M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oliva
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Larrieu
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mirabet
authors.forename: Amy H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Burrow
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beeckman
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kepinski
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Traas
authors.forename: Malcolm J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Teva
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vernoux
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018522:Gravitropism / Q000187:drug effects; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C054562:yellow fluorescent protein, Bacteria; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex