title: Histamine modulates salivary secretion and diminishes the progression of periodontal disease in rat experimental periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have recently reported that experimental periodontitis (EP) reduced methacholine-induced submandibular gland (SMG) salivary secretion. The aim of the present study was to determine whether histamine could prevent SMG impairment produced by EP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral EP was induced for 2 weeks and histamine treatment (0.1 mg/kg subcutaneously) was started 5 days before the end of the experimental period in male rats. The histamine effects on periodontitis-altered functional and histological parameters of SMG and on periodontal bone loss were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histamine treatment partially reversed the methacholine-induced salivation reduction produced by EP while preventing SMG histological damage. Histamine's effect on SMG was associated with an increased proliferation rate (2.2 ± 0.3 vs. 0.2 ± 0.2 proliferative cells per field, P < 0.001). Furthermore, histamine completely prevented enhanced EP-induced apoptosis (1.0 ± 0.4 vs. 60.9 ± 4.6 apoptotic cells per field, P < 0.001). The protective effect exerted by histamine on SMG functionality is associated with attenuation of lingual and vestibular bone loss (0.66 ± 0.04 vs. 0.97 ± 0.06 mm; P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histamine is able to reduce periodontitis-induced damage to SMG and bone structure.
authors.affiliation: Physiopathology Department, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. jprestifilippo@yahoo.com.ar
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Prestifilippo
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carabajal
authors.forename: Máximo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Croci
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernández-Solari
authors.forename: Elena S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Elverdin
authors.forename: Vanina A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Medina
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010510:Periodontal Diseases; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006632:Histamine