title: Variants in toll-like receptor 1 and 4 genes are associated with Chlamydia trachomatis among women with pelvic inflammatory disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in the innate immune response. We examined whether TLR variants are associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection among women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested whether 18 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) assayed in 4 TLR genes (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6) and 2 adaptor molecules (TIRAP, MyD88) were associated with C. trachomatis among 205 African American women with clinically suspected PID from the PID Evaluation and Clinical Health Study. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). An empirical P value of <.004 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with PID who carried the TLR4 rs1927911 CC genotype had significantly increased odds of C. trachomatis (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.6-8.8; P = .002). The TLR1 rs5743618TT genotype was also associated with C. trachomatis (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3-6.2; P = .008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among African American women with PID, variants in the TLR1 and TLR4 genes, which may increase signaling, were associated with increased C. trachomatis infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. btaylor@epi.msu.edu
authors.forename: Brandie D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Darville
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.forename: Candace M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kammerer
authors.forename: Roberta B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Ness
authors.forename: Catherine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Haggerty
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D051194:Toll-Like Receptor 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D051194:Toll-Like Receptor 1; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4