title: Common variants in the CD36 gene are associated with oral fat perception, fat preferences, and obesity in African Americans.
abstract: Animal studies show that CD36, a fatty acid translocase, is involved in fat detection and preference, but these findings have not been reported in humans. The objective of this study was to determine whether human genetic variation in 5 common CD36 polymorphisms is associated with oral fat perception of Italian salad dressings, self-reported acceptance of high-fat foods and obesity in African-American adults (n = 317). Ratings of perceived oiliness, fat content, and creaminess were assessed on a 170-mm visual analogue scale (VAS) in response to salad dressings that were 5%, 35%, and 55% fat-by-weight content. Acceptance of added fats and oils and high-fat foods was self-reported and anthropometric measures were taken in the laboratory. DNA was isolated from saliva and genotyped at 5 CD36 polymorphisms. Three polymorphisms, rs1761667, rs3840546, and rs1527483 were associated with the outcomes. Participants with the A/A genotype at rs1761667 reported greater perceived creaminess, regardless of the fat concentration of the salad dressings (P < 0.01) and higher mean acceptance of added fats and oils (P = 0.02) compared to those with other genotypes at this site. Individuals who had C/T or T/T genotypes at rs1527483 also perceived greater fat content in the salad dressings, independent of fat concentration (P = 0.03). BMI and waist circumference were higher in participants who were homozygous for a deletion (D/D) at rs3840546, compared to I/D or D/D individuals (P < 0.001), but only 2 D/D individuals were tested, so this finding needs replication. This is the first study to demonstrate an association between common variants in CD36 and fat ingestive behaviors in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research Medicine, New York Obesity Research Center, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA. kk2092@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Kathleen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Lisa C H
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Johannah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sakimura
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Belle
authors.forename: Cameron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Breen
authors.forename: Elissa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Driggin
authors.forename: Beverly J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Tepper
authors.forename: Patricia C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lanzano
authors.forename: Liyong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Wendy K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D010465:Perception; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013649:Taste; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018955:CD36 Antigens; D004041:Dietary Fats