title: Use of end-to-side arterial and venous anastomosis techniques for renal transplantation in two dogs.
abstract: METHODS
  A sexually intact male Old English Sheepdog and a sexually intact female Bull Terrier were evaluated for renal dysplasia and chronic renal failure, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both dogs were anemic and had high serum concentrations of urea nitrogen and creatinine. Electrolyte abnormalities (calcium and phosphorus) were also evident. The decision was made to pursue renal transplantation, and donor dogs were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  End-to-side anastomosis of the renal artery and vein of each donor's left kidney to the recipient's ipsilateral external iliac artery and vein, respectively, was performed. The left caudal abdominal musculature was scarified by making an incision, and nephropexy to that musculature was performed with a simple interrupted pattern of polypropylene sutures. No intraoperative or postoperative complications associated with the vascular anastomoses were encountered. Azotemia, anemia, and electrolyte imbalances resolved after transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The end-to-side anastomosis technique described here, which is a preferred method in human medicine, was successful, providing an alternative to other renal transplantation techniques in dogs. Additional studies are needed to determine whether any vascular anastomosis technique is preferable for use in dogs requiring renal transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. hphillip@vet.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Lillian R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Aronson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000601:surgery; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome