title: Value-added oil and animal feed production from corn-ethanol stillage using the oleaginous fungus Mucor circinelloides.
abstract: This study highlights the potential of oleaginous fungus, Mucor circinelloides in adsorbing/assimilating oil and nutrients in thin stillage (TS), and producing lipid and protein-rich fungal biomass. Fungal cultivation on TS for 2 days in a 6-L airlift bioreactor, resulted in a 92% increase in oil yield from TS, and 20 g/L of fungal biomass (dry) with a lipid content of 46% (g of oil per 100g dry biomass). Reduction in suspended solids and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) in TS were 95% and 89%, respectively. The polyunsaturated fatty acids in fungal oil were 52% of total lipids. Fungal cells grown on Yeast Malt (YM) broth had a higher concentration of γ-linolenic acid (17 wt.%) than those grown on TS (1.4 wt.%). Supplementing TS with crude glycerol (10%, v/v) during the stationary growth phase led to a further 32% increase (from 46% to 61%) in cellular oil content.
authors.affiliation: Biorenewable Resources and Technology Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors.forename: Debjani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Mary L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chand
authors.forename: Venkat Reddy
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Chintareddy
authors.forename: Linxing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grewell
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Verkade
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J Hans
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D000431:Ethanol; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009089:Mucor / Q000378:metabolism*; D009821:Oils; D013696:Temperature; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D009821:Oils; D000431:Ethanol