title: Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone substitute leads to sufficient bone tissue formation already after 3 months: histological and histomorphometrical analysis 3 and 6 months following human sinus cavity augmentation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study the de novo bone formation capacity of a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite bone substitute was assessed 3 and 6 months after its insertion into the human sinus cavity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sinus cavity augmentation was performed in a total of 14 patients (n = 7 implantation after 3 months; n = 7 implantation after 6 months) with severely atrophic maxillary bone. The specimens obtained after 3 and 6 months were analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically with special focus on bone metabolism within the residual bone and the augmented region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study revealed that bone tissue formation started from the bone-biomaterial-interface and was directed into the most cranial parts of the augmented region. There was no statistically significant difference in new bone formation after 3 and 6 months (24.89 ± 10.22% vs 31.29 ± 2.29%), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of the present study and according to previously published data, implant insertion in regions augmented with this bone substitute material could be considered already after 3 months. Further clinical studies with bone substitute materials are necessary to validate these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Institute of Pathology, REPAIR-Lab, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Institute for Dental Material Sciences and Technology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland; Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghanaati
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbeck
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Willershausen
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thimm
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stuebinger
authors.forename: Tadas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Korzinskas
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Obreja
authors.forename: Constantin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Landes
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sader
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D008875:Middle Aged; D053758:Nanoparticles; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006882:Hydroxyapatites