title: Comparison of the variability in the levels of pesticide residue observed in Japanese cabbage and grape units.
abstract: To estimate variations in pesticide residue levels in crops, the variability factors (VFs, the 97.5th percentile of the residue levels in the sample divided by the average residue levels in the lot) in residue levels of acetamiprid and cypermethrin applied to cabbage and grapes were investigated, respectively. The VFs in the residue levels of both pesticides in cabbage (2.00 and 2.39, respectively) were clearly higher than those in grapes (1.82 and 1.63, respectively). Although the residue levels of both pesticides in grapes showed a normal distribution, those values in cabbage were slightly skewed at lower residue levels. Individual residue levels in grapes had a good agreement between acetamiprid and cypermethrin. In contrast, the distribution of cypermethrin residue levels in cabbage was slightly skewed at higher residue levels as compared to that of acetamiprid. These results indicate that the difference in the relative distribution of the two pesticides between cabbage and grapes might be due to the influence of various factors such as differences in crop species, plant cultivation methods, and physicochemical properties of the pesticides.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321, Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043, Japan. fujita@iet.or.jp
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Tomonari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis; D011725:Pyridines / Q000032:analysis; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011722:Pyrethrins; D011725:Pyridines; C017160:cypermethrin; C464485:acetamiprid