title: Tessier 3 cleft with bilateral anophthalmia: case report and surgical treatment.
abstract: Tessier clefts type 3 and 4 are rare. In this paper the authors report on the management of a wide Tessier 3 cleft. There is no standardized protocol or timing of the surgical procedures in this rare disfiguring condition. Generally speaking, the aim is to preserve the function of important anatomical structures (e.g., a seeing eye.) and reconstruct, as best as possible, harmonic facial features. The authors present a "step by step" solution of the malformation pointing out the limitations of the surgical procedures they used and the goals they wanted to obtain. Despite of the uniqueness and the complexity of the pathology, the authors think they obtained reasonable results both in term of function and aesthetics, permitting the patient to be accepted in the social environment.
authors.affiliation: Maxillo-Facial Surgery Division, Head and Neck Department, University and Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sesenna
authors.forename: Marilena L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Anghinoni
authors.forename: Alessandra C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Modugno
authors.forename: Alice S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Magri
mesh_terms: D000853:Anophthalmos / Q000601:surgery*; D002610:Cheek / Q000002:abnormalities; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000002:abnormalities; D019767:Maxillofacial Abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities; D009915:Orbit / Q000002:abnormalities; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome