title: Clinical pharmacists on medical care of pediatric inpatients: a single-center randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the best interventions and working patterns of clinical pharmacists in pediatrics and to determine the effectiveness of clinical pharmacists in pediatrics.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a randomized controlled trial of 160 pediatric patients with nerve system disease, respiratory system disease or digestive system disease, who were randomly allocated into two groups, with 80 in each group. Interventions by clinical pharmacists in the experimental group included answering questions of physicians and nurses, giving advice on treating patients, checking prescriptions and patient counseling at discharge. In the control group, patients were treated without clinical pharmacist interventions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 109 interventions provided by clinical pharmacists during 4 months, 47 were consultations for physicians and nurses, 31 were suggestions of treatment, with 30 accepted by physicians (96.77%) and 31 were medical errors found in 641 prescriptions. Five adverse drug reactions were submitted to the adverse drug reaction monitoring network, with three in the experimental group and two in the control group. The average length of stay (LOS) for patients with respiratory system diseases in the experimental group was 6.45 days, in comparison with 10.83 days in the control group, which was statistically different (p value<0.05); Average drug compliance rate in the experimental group was 81.41%, in comparison with 70.17% of the control group, which was statistically different (p value<0.05). Cost of drugs and hospitalization and rate of readmission in two weeks after discharge in the two groups were not statistically different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participation by clinical pharmacists in the pharmacotherapy of pediatric patients can reduce LOS of patients with respiratory system disease and improve compliance rate through discharge education, showing no significant effects on prevention of ADR, reduction of cost of drugs and hospitalization and readmission rate in two weeks.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-TRC-10001081.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lingli
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems / Q000458:organization & administration; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007297:Inpatients; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010595:Pharmacists; D024382:Professional Role