title: Movement strategies during car transfers in individuals with tetraplegia: a preliminary study.
abstract: METHODS
  Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of car transfer (CT) movement in four adult males with C6 tetraplegia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to assess the normal transfer technique movement from a wheelchair to a car (that is, CT) in subjects with tetraplegia. A better understanding of CT movement is invaluable knowledge for spinal cord injury rehabilitation. This type of knowledge will improve rehabilitation programs so that patients with tetraplegia will have greater societal participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four adult males with C6 tetraplegia, an impairment grade of A according to the American Spinal Injury Association guidelines, took part in the study. The subjects used their own wheelchair and car in our assessments of their CT movement technique. Movements were assessed using a three-dimensional video analysis system with six digital video cameras. CT data, which included lateral displacement of the head and buttocks, and angular displacement of neck flexion and trunk forward inclination, were collected and correlation coefficients were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All four subjects demonstrated negative correlations in lateral displacements greater than 0.70. As for correlation coefficients of angular displacement, two subjects demonstrated negative correlations (r = -0.98 and r = -0.77) and one subject demonstrated a positive correlation (r = 0.75). The neck flexion and trunk forward inclination strategy was different among the four subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Each subject with C6 tetraplegia demonstrated different strategies during CT movement.
authors.affiliation: School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan. kataoka@rehab.osakafu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yonetsu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001336:Automobiles; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000534:rehabilitation; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation; D014910:Wheelchairs