title: Optical refocusing three-dimensional wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy.
abstract: Three-dimensional fluorescence lifetime microscopy is achieved by combining wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging with a remote optical refocusing method. As required for some applications in dynamic research for physics, chemistry, or biology, it is thereby not necessary to move the sample, i.e., the specimen is not disturbed during measurement. Using a fluorescent microsphere the performance of the system has been tested successfully with respect to three-dimensional fluorescence lifetime microscopy as well as time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy.
authors.affiliation: The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, TEDA Applied Physics School and School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shangyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yinxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Chengliang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xuanyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xinzheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Romano A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rupp
authors.forename: Jingjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007909:Lenses; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008962:Models, Theoretical
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes