title: TP53 codon 72 polymorphism affects accumulation of mtDNA damage in human cells.
abstract: Human TP53 gene is characterised by a polymorphism at codon 72 leading to an Arginine-to-Proline (R/P) substitution. The two resulting p53 isoforms have a different subcellular localisation after stress (more nuclear or more mitochondrial for the P or R isoform, respectively). p53P72 variant is more efficient than p53R72 in inducing the expression of genes involved in nuclear DNA repair. Since p53 is involved also in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance, we wondered whether these p53 isoforms are associated with different accumulation of mtDNA damage. We observed that cells bearing p53R72 accumulate lower amount of mtDNA damage upon rotenone stress with respect to cells bearing p53P72, and that p53R72 co-localises with polymerase gamma more than p53P72. We also analysed the in vivo accumulation of heteroplasmy in a 300 bp fragment of mtDNA D-loop of 425 aged subjects. We observed that subjects with heteroplasmy higher than 5% are significantly less than expected in the p53R72/R72 group. On the whole, these data suggest that the polymorphism of TP53 at codon 72 affects the accumulation of mtDNA mutations, likely through the different ability of the two p53 isoforms to bind to polymerase gamma, and may contribute to in vivo accumulation of mtDNA mutations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy.
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Altilia
authors.forename: Aurelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malagoli
authors.forename: Catia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lanzarini
authors.forename: Josué Adolfo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ballesteros Álvarez
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Galazzo
authors.forename: Donald Carl
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Paolina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Crocco
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Passarino
authors.forename: Igor Boris
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Roninson
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salvioli
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D005838:Genotype; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D021381:Protein Transport; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine