title: Monitoring HPV type-specific prevalence over time through clinic-based surveillance: a perspective on vaccine effectiveness.
abstract: We investigated the feasibility of monitoring trends in prevalence of vaccine-preventable human papillomavirus (HPV) types in different clinic populations. We collected cervical specimens from women presenting to family planning, primary care, and sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics for routine pap smears in five US cities during 2003-2005. We performed HPV genotyping and calculated annual type-specific prevalences; pre-vaccine era prevalence was highest for HPV 16 (6.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.5-6.6%) and annual prevalences for vaccine-preventable types were stable, with few exceptions, after controlling for clinic type, age group, and city. With sufficient sample size and stable population characteristics, clinic-based surveillance systems can contribute to monitoring HPV vaccine impact in the cervical screening population.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of STD Prevention, Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States.
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Gaffga
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Flagg
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Weinstock
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Shlay
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Ghanem
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Koutsky
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Kerndt
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Datta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D005260:Female; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015995:Prevalence; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines