title: Prevalence and patterns of renal involvement in imaging of malignant lymphoproliferative diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal involvement in patients with lymphoproliferative disease is an uncommon radiological finding.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine its prevalence and radiological appearances in a patient population.
  
  
  METHODS
  All forms of lymphoproliferative disease (ICD: C81-C96) were considered. From January 2005 to January 2010, 668 consecutive patients with lymphoproliferative disease were identified with the help of the radiological database and patient records. Inclusion criteria were complete staging including appropriate CT scan and/or MRI. All stored images (initial staging and follow-up examinations) were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Review of all stored images revealed renal infiltration in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (11 of 364 = 3.0%; median age = 65 years, m:f = 6:5) but also multiple myeloma (2 of 162 = 1.2%; median age = 72 years; m:f = 1:1) and leukemia (5 of 101 = 4.9%; median age = 12 years; m:f = 2:3). There were no cases of renal infiltration in 41 patients with Hodgkin's disease. In total there were six patients with solitary lesions, five patients with diffuse renal enlargement, four patients with perirenal lesions, and two patients with direct invasion of the kidney.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In leukemia the most common imaging pattern is diffuse enlargement. In the other subtypes of lymphoproliferative disease no specific correlation between typical CT patterns and subtype of lymphoproliferative disease can be found. The prevalence of renal involvement is in line with earlier studies. Contrary to earlier reports, multiple lesions were not found to be a common pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany. andreas.bach@medizin.uni-halle.de
authors.forename: Andreas Gunter
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bach
authors.forename: Curd
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Behrmann
authors.forename: Hans Jürgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Holzhausen
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katzer
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Rolf Peter
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Spielmann
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Surov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA