title: Potential of computer-aided diagnosis to improve CT lung cancer screening.
abstract: The development of low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT) has rekindled hope that effective lung cancer screening might yet be found. Screening is justified when there is evidence that it will extend lives at reasonable cost and acceptable levels of risk. A screening test should detect all extant cancers while avoiding unnecessary workups. Thus optimal screening modalities have both high sensitivity and specificity. Due to the present state of technology, radiologists must opt to increase sensitivity and rely on follow-up diagnostic procedures to rule out the incurred false positives. There is evidence in published reports that computer-aided diagnosis technology may help radiologists alter the benefit-cost calculus of CT sensitivity and specificity in lung cancer screening protocols. This review will provide insight into the current discussion of the effectiveness of lung cancer screening and assesses the potential of state-of-the-art computer-aided design developments.
authors.affiliation: Heffner Biomedical Imaging Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. nl2168@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Noah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Laine
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Márquez
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Levsky
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Gohagan
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*