title: Temporary clamping of external carotid artery in convexity, parasagittal and temporal base meningioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The management of intraoperative bleeding during removal of a large hyper vascular meningioma is crucial for safe and efficient surgery. Preoperative embolization of meningioma is the best way to reduce vascularity of meningiomas but this technique is not readily available, costly and has its own limitations. The study is aimed to evaluate the use of temporary clamping of external carotid artery to reduce blood loss and operating time during excision of large convexity, parasagittal or temporal base meningiomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study of 115 consecutively operated meningiomas of size 5 cms or more were operated from January 2002 to December2010. Temporary clamping of external carotid artery was done in 61 while 51 cases were managed without clamping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was significant reduction of blood loss, operative time and blood transfusion given in the temporary clipping group compared to non clipping group. There was stitch abscess in two patients each in clamping, and non clamping group. There was no scalp necrosis or mortality in any of the group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temporary clamping of external carotid artery is a safe, simple and cost-effective alternative to embolization for the surgery of large meningiomas. This can be practiced at all the centers.
authors.affiliation: NSCB Medical College, Jabalpur MP India, Department of Neurosurgery, Jabalpur, India.
authors.forename: Yad Ram
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parihar
authors.forename: Moneet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Pushp Raj
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bhatele
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000502:physiology*; D003250:Constriction; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult