title: The interactive effect of dietary fat-soluble vitamin levels on the depression of gonadal development in growing male rats kept under disturbed daily rhythm. Investigations based on the L₁₆(2¹⁵) type orthogonal array.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of nutrients on the gonadal development of male rats kept under constant darkness as a model of disturbed daily rhythm. In the present study we examined fat-soluble vitamins and their interactions in this test population. Four fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin A (V.A), vitamin D (V.D), vitamin E (V.E) and vitamin K (V.K)) were selected as experimental factors, and the dietary content of these vitamins was normal (AIN-93G) or three times the normal content. Lighting conditions (constant darkness or normal lighting) were also added as a factor. Four-week-old rats (Fischer 344 strain) were kept under constant darkness or normal lighting (12-h light/dark cycle) for 4 wk. The lighting condition and V.E, and the interactions between the lighting condition and V.E and between V.A and V.D were observed to affect the testes and epididymides weights. There was an influence of the lighting condition only on the seminal vesicles and prostate weights and the serum testosterone concentration. Among the constant darkness groups (D-groups), the highest value for testes weight was observed under the normal-V.A, normal-V.D and high-V.E diet. The interaction between lighting condition and V.E showed the testes weight increased slightly in response to changing to a high-V.E diet from a normal-V.E diet under normal lighting (N-group) but was greatly increased in response to this change in the D-group. It became clear that the amount of dietary V.E necessary for the gonadal development of rats increases when rats are kept under constant darkness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan. hanai@bio.kanagawa-it.ac.jp
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanai
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021081:Chronobiology Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002149:Energy Intake; D004822:Epididymis / Q000473:pathology; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D017440:Photoperiod; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000254:growth & development; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014801:Vitamin A; D014812:Vitamin K; D014807:Vitamin D; D014810:Vitamin E; D013739:Testosterone