title: Effect of Conclevan on endurance capacity in mice.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to clarify the anti-fatigue effect of Conclevan, which is mainly composed of liver hydrolysate, via a forced swimming test using mice. Conclevan was administered to mice for 6 weeks, and a forced swimming test was conducted to measure swimming time. After six weeks, the blood ammonia and glutamine concentrations were measured. In the Conclevan administration group, swimming time increased significantly compared to the swimming control group. In the swimming control group, an increase in blood ammonia and a decrease in blood glutamine were observed, relative to the non-swimming control group. In the Conclevan administration group, the increased blood ammonia and decreased blood glutamine induced by swimming were significantly reduced, compared to the swimming control group. The mRNA expression levels of the hepatic enzymes of the urea cycle (carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase, argininosuccinate synthetase, and arginase) and glutamine synthesis (glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase) were significantly increased in the Conclevan administration group, compared to the swimming control group. The results of this study demonstrated the anti-fatigue effects of Conclevan. This product may inhibit an increase in the fatigue-inducing ammonia concentration in the blood by increasing the expression of hepatic enzymes, which convert ammonia to urea, leading to increased swimming time. In addition, Conclevan may prolong swimming time by increasing the hepatic synthesis of glutamine, which is an important amino acid for supplying energy in muscles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobutomo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ikarashi
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukazawa
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usukura
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D005221:Fatigue / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000097:blood; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects*; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013550:Swimming; D013831:Thiamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000494:pharmacology; D025101:Vitamin B 6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D005973:Glutamine; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000641:Ammonia; D025101:Vitamin B 6; D014508:Urea; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D012256:Riboflavin; D003345:Corticosterone; D013831:Thiamine