title: Induction of colonic aberrant crypts in mice by feeding apparent N-nitroso compounds derived from hot dogs.
abstract: Nitrite-preserved meats (e.g., hot dogs) may help cause colon cancer because they contain N-nitroso compounds. We tested whether purified hot-dog-derived total apparent N-nitroso compounds (ANC) could induce colonic aberrant crypts, which are putative precursors of colon cancer. We purified ANC precursors in hot dogs and nitrosated them to produce ANC. In preliminary tests, CF1 mice received 1 or 3 i.p. injections of 5 mg azoxymethane (AOM)/kg. In Experiments 1 and 2, female A/J mice received ANC in diet. In Experiment 1, ANC dose initially dropped sharply because the ANC precursors had mostly decomposed but, later in Experiment 1 and throughout Experiment 2, ANC remained at 85 nmol/g diet. Mice were killed after 8 (AOM tests) or 17-34 (ANC tests) wk. Median numbers of aberrant crypts in the distal 2 cm of the colon for 1 and 3 AOM injections, CF1 controls, ANC (Experiment 1), ANC (Experiment 2),and untreated A/J mice were 31, 74, 12, 20, 12, and 5-6, with P < 0.01 for both ANC tests. Experiment 2 showed somewhat increased numbers of colonic mucin-depleted foci in the ANC-treated group. We conclude that hot-dog-derived ANC induced significant numbers of aberrant crypts in the mouse colon.
authors.affiliation: Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105, USA.
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Michal P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lisowyj
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wisecarver
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gulizia
authors.forename: Valerie K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Shostrom
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naud
authors.forename: Denis E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Corpet
authors.forename: Sidney S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mirvish
mesh_terms: D058739:Aberrant Crypt Foci / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000818:Animals; D001397:Azoxymethane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005511:Food Handling; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D015538:Nitrosation; D009603:Nitroso Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D012977:Sodium Nitrite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009603:Nitroso Compounds; D012977:Sodium Nitrite; D001397:Azoxymethane