title: Incidence of nontraumatic spinal cord injury: a Spanish cohort study (1972-2008).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the incidence of nontraumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in a determined catchment area in Spain, and to evaluate clinical presentations and trends over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based case series study between January 1972 and December 2008 [corrected].
  
  
  METHODS
  A hospital with a specialized SCI unit in a delimited health area in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital inpatients and outpatients with nontraumatic SCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Age- and sex-specific incidence rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An adjusted incidence rate of 11.4 per million population was found for this region (12.3 for males, 10.4 for females). A total of 541 cases (53% male) were reported over the 37-year study period. Incidence rates increased with age, with a peak in the 60- to 69-year age group. Tumors were the major cause of SCI. Most of the lesions were at the thoracic level, and C and D were the most frequently observed American Spinal Injury Association grades.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nontraumatic SCI shows a relatively even sex distribution and tends to affect older adults. Injuries are mainly attributable to age-related conditions and result mostly in incomplete lesions, which present with paraplegia. This study revealed that although incidence rates for nontraumatic SCI are similar to those previously reported for traumatic SCI in the same area and during the same period, demographic and clinical characteristics are different. These findings have important implications regarding the delivery of rehabilitation and support services to this group of patients, and suggest the need for health policies that involve improved care and prevention resources.
authors.affiliation: National School of Occupational Medicine, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maayken E L
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: Maayken E E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Castellote
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mahillo-Fernandez
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Pedro-Cuesta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D013120:Spinal Cord Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult