title: Subjective sleep quality in urban population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sleep disturbances are common among adult populations and can have a significant effect on daytime activities. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of sleep problems and subjective sleep quality in the adult population of Tehran, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  From an urban community of Tehran, a random sample of 3400 adult men and women were selected by a cross-sectional design. Using the Persian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), subjects were interviewed face-to-face. There were 3114 completed questionnaires returned and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the subjects was 43.57 (± SD 17.5) years. Overall 37% (95% CI: 35-39) of the population were categorized as poor sleepers. The PSQI > 5 showed 27% were males versus 35% among females. The global PSQI scores ranged from 4.20 ± 2.67 to 5.60 ± 3.74 for males and 5.03 ± 3.00 to 7.97 ± 4.31 for females by age groups. The difference across age groups for global PSQI score was significant in females (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence rate of sleep complaints in this population-based study was high. Females, older adults, widows and separated couple were the most important risk factors for sleep disturbances.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology Department and Research Center, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Alimohamad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asghari
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farhadi
authors.forename: Seyed Kamran
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kamrava
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ghalehbaghi
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nojomi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*