title: The utility of amplitude-integrated EEG and NIRS measurements as indices of hypoxic ischaemia in the newborn pig.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The early detection and stratification of potential hypoxic ischaemia (HI) injury in neonates are crucial for reducing the risk of neural disability. This study investigates early changes in brain function caused by acute HI of varying severities in the neonatal pig.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two non-invasive techniques, amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), were used to monitor electrocortical and cerebral haemodynamic function, respectively. The fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO(2)) was varied to produce different HI severities. The sensitivity and HI correlation of these methods were systematically analysed to assess their abilities to both detect injury early and assess HI severity accurately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tissue oxygen index measured via NIRS detected acute changes in cerebral oxygenation and was highly sensitive to HI (sensitivity=0.97), whereas aEEG was comparatively insensitive to HI. On the other hand, aEEG measurements correlated well with FiO(2) during the entire HI event as well as the 3-h recovery period (R=0.43-0.61). NIRS measurements did not correlate well with FiO(2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parameters measured via aEEG and NIRS displayed different time profiles during and following the HI event.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results highlight the potential advantage of using aEEG and NIRS in conjunction to monitor neonatal brain function, and provide an objective and rigorous method for the characterisation of cerebral function both during and following HI insults.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, PR China.
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xinlin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Congle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yuejia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine