title: Natural killer T cells suppress zymosan A-mediated granuloma formation in the liver by modulating interferon-γ and interleukin-10.
abstract: Wild-type (WT) and CD1d(-/-)  [without natural killer (NK) T cells] mice were treated with zymosan A to induce granuloma formation in the liver. Increased granuloma formation was seen in NKT-less mice on days 7 and 14 after administration. WT mice showed limited granuloma formation, and zymosan A eventually induced NKT cell accumulation as identified by their surface marker (e.g. CD1d-tetramer). Zymosan A augmented the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 on the cell surface of both macrophages and NKT cells. One possible reason for accelerated granuloma formation in NKT-less mice was increased production of interferon- γ (IFN-γ); a theory that was confirmed using IFN-γ(-/-)  mice. Also, zymosan A increased interleukin-10 production in WT mice, which suppresses IFN-γ production. Taken together, these results suggest that NKT cells in the liver have the potential to suppress zymosan A-mediated granuloma formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Suguru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055610:Antigens, CD1d / Q000276:immunology; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000276:immunology; D015054:Zymosan / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D055610:Antigens, CD1d; C526879:Cd1d1 protein, mouse; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015054:Zymosan