title: Supercritical fluid technology: concepts and pharmaceutical applications.
abstract: In light of environmental apprehension, supercritical fluid technology (SFT) exhibits excellent opportunities to accomplish key objectives in the drug delivery sector. Supercritical fluid extraction using carbon dioxide (CO(2)) has been recognized as a green technology. It is a clean and versatile solvent with gas-like diffusivity and liquid-like density in the supercritical phase, which has provided an excellent alternative to the use of chemical solvents. The present commentary provides an overview of different techniques using supercritical fluids and their future opportunity for the drug delivery industry. Some of the emerging applications of SFT in pharmaceuticals, such as particle design, drug solubilization, inclusion complex, polymer impregnation, polymorphism, drug extraction process, and analysis, are also covered in this review. The data collection methods are based on the recent literature related to drug delivery systems using SFT platforms. SFT has become a much more versatile and environmentally attractive technology that can handle a variety of complicated problems in pharmaceuticals. This cutting-edge technology is growing predominantly to surrogate conventional unit operations in relevance to the pharmaceutical production process.
  Supercritical fluid technology has recently drawn attention in the field of pharmaceuticals. It is a distinct conception that utilizes the solvent properties of supercritical fluids above their critical temperature and pressure, where they exhibit both liquid-like and gas-like properties, which can enable many pharmaceutical applications. For example, the liquid-like properties provide benefits in extraction processes of organic solvents or impurities, drug solubilization, and polymer plasticization, and the gas-like features facilitate mass transfer processes. It has become a much more versatile and environmentally attractive technology that can handle a variety of complicated problems in pharmaceuticals. This review is focused on different techniques that use supercritical fluids and their opportunities for the pharmaceutical sector.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Praful Balavant
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: G Aravind
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Averineni Ranjith
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Gopal Venkatesh
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Shavi
authors.forename: Arumugam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karthik
authors.forename: Meka Sreenivasa
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Nayanabhirama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Udupa
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D012997:Solvents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide