title: Ingenuity pathways analysis of urine metabolomics phenotypes toxicity of Chuanwu in Wistar rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS coupled with pattern recognition methods.
abstract: Chuanwu (CW), a valuable traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is the mother root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx. The cause of CW-induced toxicity is still under ongoing research, although this is limited by the lack of sensitive and reliable biomarkers. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was performed to analyzing global metabolomics in order to characterize the phenotypically biochemical perturbations and potential mechanisms of the CW-induced toxicity. CW was administered to Wistar rats (0.027 g/200 g and 0.108 g/200 g bw, oral) for 6 months and urine samples were collected. The urinary metabolomics was performed by UPLC-Q-TOF-HDMS, and the mass spectra signals of the detected metabolites were systematically deconvoluted and analyzed by pattern recognition methods (PCA, PLS-DA, and OPLS-DA), revealing a time- and dose-dependency of the biochemical perturbations induced by CW toxicity. As a result, several metabolites responsible for pentose and glucuronate interconversions, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, purine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism were characterized, and it was confirmed that biochemical perturbations can be foreseen from these biomarkers. The urinary metabolomics based IPA with pattern recognition methods also revealed that CW produced serious heart and liver toxicity, consistent with clinical biochemistry and histopathology. Significant changes of 17 metabolites were identified and validated as phenotypic biomarkers of CW toxicity. Overall, our work demonstrated the metabolomics has brought enormous opportunities for improved detection of toxicity and biomarker discovery, highlighting the powerful predictive potential of the IPA to study of drug toxicity.
authors.affiliation: National TCM Key Lab of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Pharmacometabolomics Platform of Chinese Medicines, Harbin 150040, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Huiyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Xijun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D031841:Aconitum / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000633:toxicity*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods; D010641:Phenotype; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts