title: Salmonella-related mycotic pseudoaneurysm of the superficial femoral artery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mycotic pseudoaneurysms of native arteries are rare. Treatment involves arterial excision with or without revascularization.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 49-year-old diabetic man presented with a 4-month history of progressive left mid-thigh pain, associated with a pulsatile mass and fever. Clinically, he appeared to have a mycotic pseudoaneurysm, which was confirmed by computed tomography. The aneurysm was excluded from the circulation by an extra-anatomical bypass graft using autologous vein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Native arterial mycotic pseudoaneurysms typically occur in immuno-compromised patients. They may be successfully treated using autologous vein bypass.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arterial infection is associated with immunosuppressive states and Staphylococcus aureus is the most commonly isolated organism in mycotic aneurysms. Also, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. and anaerobic species have been identified. Salmonella species are associated with mycotic aneurysms in the abdominal aorta and the use of autogenous vein grafts is the standard treatment for this condition. In lower extremities, autogenous conduits have been already used with good results of patency and freedom from re-infection. Endovascular treatment is a feasible approach in these situations, but there is not reports regarding long term results and this treatment is occasionally associated with prosthesis infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Santa Cecilia, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcus Vinícius Martins
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Cury
authors.forename: Maysa Heineck
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: de Campos
authors.forename: Diogo Pires
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Dos Santos