title: Assessment of the effects of a marine urban outfall discharge on caged mussels using chemical and biomarker analysis.
abstract: To assess the presence of endocrine disruptors in treated marine outfall discharges and their possible effects, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were caged in the environmental mixing zone of the outfall of the Santander sanitation system and in one control area. After 30, 60 and 90 days, samples were collected to perform chemical analyses (metals, anionic surfactants, alkylphenols, bisphenol A, phthalates and estrogenic hormones), biomarkers of general stress (lysosomal membrane stability-LMS, histopathology) and biomarkers of endocrine disruption (vitellogenin-like proteins and gonad index). There were no significant differences between outfall and control sites on contaminant levels, except for 4-tert-octylphenol which was higher in the outfall site. Bacteriological counts were higher in the outfall area. No relevant differences in biomarkers were detected between treated and control mussels. A significant reduction in LMS occurred in both groups after 90 days caging, indicating a stress situation possibly related to caging or to post-spawning reproductive state.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Science and Technology Faculty, University of the Basque Country, Sarriena z/g, Leioa, Basque Country, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de los Ríos
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Juanes
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Zarragoitia
authors.forename: Miren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López de Alda
authors.forename: Damià
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barceló
authors.forename: Miren P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cajaraville
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004064:Digestive System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D049878:Mytilus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D013030:Spain; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015415:Biomarkers; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D008670:Metals; D010636:Phenols; D014819:Vitellogenins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds