title: Prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle and other abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) and other osseous abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels with no history of lameness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study of English Springer Spaniels with no recent history of lameness. Computed tomography scans of both elbows were obtained from dogs older than six months of age which were anaesthetized or sedated for reasons unrelated to this study. Computed tomography scans were reviewed for the presence of IOHC and other abnormalities of the elbow. Radioulnar incongruity (RUI) measurements from normal elbows were compared to elbows with IOHC and elbows with medial coronoid process (MCP) abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computed tomography scans from 50 dogs (100 elbows) were reviewed. The prevalence of IOHC was 14% (8 elbows in 7 dogs). All condylar fissures were incomplete with a mean length of 2.6 mm. Fifty percent of the dogs (44% of elbows) had abnormalities of the medial coronoid process and 60% of the elbows had periarticular osteophytes. Group RUI meansurements for IOHC and MCP were not significantly different from normal elbows.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small IOHC fissures, periarticular osteophytes and MCP abnormalities may be identified in English Springer Spaniels without forelimb lameness. Abnormalities of the MCP are more common than IOHC.
authors.affiliation: Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, The Granary, Bunstead Barns, Poles Lane, Hursley, Winchester, Hampshire, UK. andy@andersonmoores.com
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Moores
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agthe
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Schaafsma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb / Q000473:pathology*; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary*