title: Comprehensibility of traffic signs among urban drivers in Turkey.
abstract: Traffic signs are commonly used traffic safety tools, mainly developed to provide crucial information in a short time to support safe drive; but the success depends on their comprehensibility by the drivers. Also, a sudden change in the traditionally used and accepted signs can cause significant safety problem, as in the case of cancellation of red oblique bars in 2004 as a part of the European Union Harmonization Process of Turkey. Having a severe traffic safety problem in Turkey, a need to assess both the comprehensibility of internationally accepted traffic signs and current level of driver education, was the main motivation behind this study. A paper-based survey study in 2009 that reached a sample of 1478 urban drivers in the City of Ankara, focused on the determination of comprehensibility of 30 selected traffic signs, which are commonly used and critical for safety, including two recently changed signs. The meaning of each sign is sought using an open-ended question format to capture different levels and types of comprehensions, which enabled the detection of "opposite" and "partially correct" answers besides "wrong" and "correct" ones. High comprehensibility of 9 control group signs shows the validity of the study. The recently changed signs are among the oppositely associated ones proving the increased risk in traffic safety and need for more aggressive campaigning to publicize them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Üniversiteler Mah. Dumlupınar Blv. No. 1, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey. erkirmizi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Erkut
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kirmizioglu
authors.forename: Hediye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tuydes-Yaman
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D032882:Comprehension; D003463:Cues; D005062:European Union; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D012449:Safety; D013561:Symbolism; D014421:Turkey; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult