title: Association between glycodelin and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in Iranian breast cancer patients: impact of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals.
abstract: Breast cancer affects Iranian women one decade younger than their counterparts in other countries and the underlying risk factors have remained controversial. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediates the effects of many environmental endocrine disruptors and contributes to the many other genes and Gd is an endocrine-regulated glycoprotein which may induce by AhR ligands in endometrium. This study has aimed to compare the interactions between Gd and AhR and other fundamental genes (p53, K-Ras, ER, PgR, AR) between pre and post menopausal Iranian breast cancer patients. To conduct immunohistochemical studies with appropriate monoclonal antibodies, 25 premenopausal invasive ductal carcinomas and 29 postmenopausal invasive ductal carcinomas were selected retrospectively in 2008-2010 from the pathology department of Imam Khomeini hospital complex of Tehran. Higher levels of AhR in epithelial cells of premenopausal patients and breast fibroadenoma emphasized the susceptibility of these cells to environmental induced tumors. Current study demonstrated a significant association between tumoral levels of Gd and AhR (p=0.002) in breast cancers which confirms the preliminary hypothesis about the role of TCDD exposure on Gd biosynthesis and secretion in TCDD-treated endometrial epithelial cells. In summary this study showed the dual prognostic role of Gd especially in premenopausal breast cancer which could be induced by AhR overexpression. Further studies are necessary to find the direct role of breast carcinogens as well as endocrine disrupting chemicals on the differential levels of Gd in breast tumors.
authors.affiliation: Toxicogenomics Lab, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. arbabi.s@iaups.ac.ir
authors.forename: Sepideh Arbabi
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bidgoli
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korani
authors.forename: Niloofar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bozorgi
authors.forename: Mansour Djamali
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Zavarhei
authors.forename: Parisa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ziarati
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akbarzadeh
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000506:poisoning; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000506:poisoning*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000506:poisoning*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000071816:Glycodelin; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008024:Ligands; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000506:poisoning; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000071816:Glycodelin; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008024:Ligands; C045246:PAEP protein, human; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon