title: Antitubercular drug resistance in four healthcare facilities in North India.
abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public-health problem in India, having the highest number of incident and multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB cases. The study was carried out to appraise the prevalence of first-line anti-TB drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and its patterns among different types of TB patients from different settings in a province of North India. Of 3,704 clinical specimens, 345 (9.3%) were culture-positive, and drug-susceptibility testing was carried out for 301 MTB strains. A high level of primary and acquired drug resistance of MTB was observed in the region studied, with weighted mean of 10.5% and 28.08%, 12.81% and 29.72%, 17.12% and 29.94%, 11.97% and 27.84%, and 10.74% and 23.54% for rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol-resistant and MDR cases respectively. Drug resistance was significantly higher in pulmonary (p = 0.014) and acquired drug-resistant TB cases (p < 0.001). Any drug resistance (p = 0.002) and MDR TB were significantly (p = 0.009) associated with HIV-seropositive cases. An urgent plan is needed to continuously monitor the transmission trends of drug-resistant strains, especially MDR-TB strains, in the region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
authors.forename: Anamika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Jitendra Prasad
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mathuria
authors.forename: Surya Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.forename: Shampa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anupurba
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents