title: Type D personality is not associated with coronary heart disease risk in a North American sample of retirement-aged adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type D personality is associated with recurrent coronary heart disease (CHD) risk but there is limited and inconsistent evidence regarding incident risk among persons free of clinical CHD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the association between Type D personality and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in apparently healthy adults. We also explored the association of these traits with waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), and inhibited physician consultation behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of North American retirement-aged residents (N = 303). The primary outcome variable was a modified 10-year absolute CHD risk score from the Framingham Heart Study. Secondary outcomes included adiposity and a 5-item measure of patient/provider interaction inhibition. We regressed CHD risk on negative affect (NA), social inhibition (SI), and the NAxSI interaction (i.e., the Type D personality) and repeated these analyses for adiposity and for patient/provider interaction inhibition. We also contrasted CHD risk across Type D and non-Type D categories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the personality variables were associated with CHD risk for the whole sample (regression coefficients from −0.11 to .10, Ps > 0.29) or in gender-specific analyses. For adiposity, NA was positively associated and SI was negatively associated with BMI in women (Ps < 0.05), but there were no other personality associations. Patient/provider interaction inhibition was associated with SI (P < 0.001) but not NA or the NAxSI interaction (P = 0.42). The contrast between Type D and non-Type D personality revealed no differences in CHD risk (P = 0.93).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither Type D nor its constituent NA and SI traits were associated with absolute incident CHD risk in retirement-aged adults free of reported CHD. Optimal analytic practices and attention to patient/provider interaction behavior will improve our understanding of the association between Type D personality traits and health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA.
authors.forename: Noel C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Steven D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Barger
authors.forename: Sumner J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sydeman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012179:Retirement / Q000523:psychology*; D012306:Risk; D064415:Type D Personality; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference