title: [New strategies in the optimisation of lopinavir/ritonavir doses in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients].
abstract: Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) has demonstrated virological and immunological efficacy in the combined antiretroviral treatment (cART), in both naïve and experienced patients. Furthermore, LPV/r showed a high barrier to the development of resistance. Although generally well tolerated, adverse gastrointestinal side effects and metabolic disorders are frequent. The different tools used to optimise the cART with this drug combination in the daily clinical practice, emphasising the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of LPV/r and the genetic analysis of the main enzymes responsible for the metabolism and transport, are reviewed. The relationship between phenotype and genotype, established through TDM, could be useful for the physician to improve the clinical management of the HIV infection, due to the possibility of individualising the dose with this drug. Monotherapy is also reviewed as a new strategy used in the simplification of the treatment with this drug, which could increase safety and reduce costs.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, España.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López Aspiroz
authors.forename: Salvador Enrique
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Cabrera Figueroa
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Gil Hurlé
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: García Sánchez
mesh_terms: D004338:Drug Combinations; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D061466:Lopinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; C558899:lopinavir-ritonavir drug combination; D061466:Lopinavir; D019438:Ritonavir