title: Sir Charles Bell (1774-1842) and his contributions to early neurosurgery.
abstract: The renowned surgeon, neuroanatomist, and artist Sir Charles Bell not only impacted the lives of his peers through his creative endeavors and passion for art, but also sparked noteworthy breakthroughs in the field of neuroscience. His empathetic nature and zest for life enabled him to develop an early proclivity for patient care. As a result of his innovative findings regarding sensory and motor nerves and the anatomical makeup of the brain, he accepted some of the most prestigious awards and received an honorable reputation in society. Bell is recognized for his diligence, perseverance, and his remarkable contributions to surgery. The present review will explore his contributions to the discipline now known as neurosurgery.
authors.affiliation: Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital, Birmingham, AL, USA.
authors.forename: R Shane
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tubbs
authors.forename: Sheryl
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riech
authors.forename: Ketan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Martin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mortazavi
authors.forename: Marios
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loukas
authors.forename: Brion
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benninger
authors.forename: Aaron A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Cohen-Gadol
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery*; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008488:Medical Illustration / Q000266:history; D009445:Neuroanatomy / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D009493:Neurosurgery / Q000266:history*