title: Psychiatric disorders in burning mouth syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is high, but their role in the pathogenesis of BMS remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The authors aimed to assess the frequency of psychiatric disorders and the severity of psychopathology in BMS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty BMS patients and thirty-one controls underwent a psychiatric evaluation which included a structured interview (MINI-Plus) and five psychometric scales. A Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure the intensity of burning sensation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with BMS showed a higher frequency of current major depressive disorder, past major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, hypochondria and cancerophobia (p<0.05). In BMS patients, generalized anxiety disorder was significantly associated with current major depression and social phobia (p<0.05). As expected, cancerophobia was significantly associated with hypochondria (p<0.05). Patients with BMS had higher scores in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Dutch Fatigue Scale (DUFS) (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMS patients may have a particular psychological and/or psychiatric profile. Psychometric scales might be useful in screening psychiatric disorders, as well as for assessment of treatment outcomes. In the presence of clinical relevant psychiatric symptoms, patients must be treated appropriately.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabrício T A
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Antônio L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Tânia M P
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.forename: Tálita P M
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Mauro H N G
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: Tarcília A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kummer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D002054:Burning Mouth Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006998:Hypochondriasis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales