title: Scrubbing effect of self-etching adhesives on bond strength to NaOCl-treated dentin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the scrubbing effect of self-etching adhesive systems on the microtensile bond strengths to sodium hypochlorite-treated dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  The occlusal surfaces of 36 extracted human third molars were horizontally cut to expose sound dentin. The dentin surfaces of the teeth were treated with 6% NaOCl aqueous solution for 30 s or none. After water rinsing for 10 s and air drying, a 2-step (Clearfil Protect Bond) or 1-step (Clearfil S3 Bond or Bond Force) self-etching adhesive was applied with or without a scrubbing technique, and resin composite (Clearfil AP-X) crowns were built up. The bonded specimens were stored in water for 24 h and then subjected to the microtensile bond test at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min. Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The NaOCl-treated dentin exhibited significantly lower bond strength with the tested self-etching adhesive systems than did the normal dentin (p < 0.05). Using a scrubbing technique for the tested self-etching adhesive systems significantly improved the µTBS to NaOCl-treated dentin (p < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in µTBS to normal dentin between a scrubbing and nonscrubbing technique (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a scrubbing technique for applying self-etching adhesive systems to NaOCl-treated dentin was effective in improving the compromised bonding.
authors.affiliation: Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate school, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. dent-taweesak@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Taweesak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Prasansuttiporn
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Foxton
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagami
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects*; D003806:Dentin Permeability; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D017276:Friction; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite