title: Myogenic capacity of muscle progenitor cells from head and limb muscles.
abstract: The restoration of muscles in the soft palate of patients with cleft lip and/or palate is accompanied by fibrosis, which leads to speech and feeding problems. Treatment strategies that improve muscle regeneration have only been tested in limb muscles. Therefore, in the present study the myogenic potential of muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) isolated from head muscles was compared with that of limb muscles. Muscle progenitor cells were isolated from the head muscles and limb muscles of rats and cultured. The proliferation of MPCs was analysed by DNA quantification. The differentiation capacity was analysed by quantifying the numbers of fused cells, and by measuring the mRNA levels of differentiation markers. Muscle progenitor cells were stained to quantify the expression of paired box protein Pax 7 (Pax-7), myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD), and myogenin. Proliferation was similar in the head MPCs and the limb MPCs. Differentiating head and limb MPCs showed a comparable number of fused cells and mRNA expression levels of myosin-1 (Myh1), myosin-3 (Myh3), and myosin-4 (Myh4). During proliferation and differentiation, the number of Pax-7(+), MyoD(+), and myogenin(+) cells in head and limb MPCs was equal. It was concluded that head and limb MPCs show similar myogenic capacities in vitro. Therefore, in vivo myogenic differences between those muscles might rely on the local microenvironment. Thus, regenerative strategies for limb muscles might also be used for head muscles.
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Biology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sander
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grefte
authors.forename: Mette A R
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kuijpers
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kuijpers-Jagtman
authors.forename: Ruurd
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Torensma
authors.forename: Johannes W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Von den Hoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006614:Hindlimb; D008297:Male; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000166:cytology*; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology*; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000032:analysis; D018008:Myogenin / Q000032:analysis; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000032:analysis; D009218:Myosins / Q000032:analysis; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor / Q000032:analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C510384:Myh3 protein, rat; D017570:MyoD Protein; C057363:MyoD1 myogenic differentiation protein; C503803:Myog protein, rat; D018008:Myogenin; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004247:DNA; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D009218:Myosins