title: Screening and follow-up of children exposed to tuberculosis cases, Luanda, Angola.
abstract: This prospective study enrolled children aged < 5 years with reported contact with adult tuberculosis (TB) patients in Angola. The study sample consisted of 124 children: 70 (56.5%) were active TB cases, 22 (17.7%) had latent TB infection (LTBI) and 32 (25.8%) were TB-exposed; 14 (20%) were human immunodeficiency virus positive. After 6 months of follow-up, 31.8% of the LTBI cases had evolved to active TB and 9.4% of the non-infected children had developed active TB. The strategy of simultaneous chest X-ray and TB skin test used in this study was effective; despite this protocol, however, 31.8% LTBI children developed active TB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fortunato
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sant'Anna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000810:Angola / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection; D016358:Contact Tracing; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D013997:Time Factors; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*