title: Comparative study of serum MDA and vitamin C levels in non-smokers, chronic smokers and chronic smokers with acute myocardial infarction in men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is a well-known fact that there is increased oxidative stress and decreased serum antioxidant levels in smokers than in non-smokers. In this study, the aim was to compare the serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product and vitamin C, an antioxidant, between non- smokers (Group A) and chronic smokers (Group B) and also between chronic smokers (Group B) and chronic smokers with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (Group C).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty six non-smokers and 36 chronic smokers appropriately matched with AMI patients were selected. Thirty six smokers with AMI were selected from Hanagal Kumareshwara hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India. Fasting blood sample was collected in group A and group B. In AMI patients, blood sample was collected before any intervention. Serum levels of MDA and vitamin C were estimated. Statistical analysis was done by t test using SPSS version 11. The p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All the results were expressed as mean ± SD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MDA and vitamin C were compared between Group A and Group B and also between Group B and Group C. There was a significant rise in MDA (p<0.0001) and significant decrease in vitamin C (p<0.01) in Group B compared to Group A. There was a significant rise in MDA (p<0.0001) and significant decrease in vitamin C (p<0.001) in Group C compared to Group B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in serum MDA level and decrease in vitamin C was found in chronic smokers compared to non-smokers. It was also found that there is increase in serum MDA and decrease in vitamin C in smokers with AMI compared with smokers without AMI, and the reason for this inter-subject variability of MDA and vitamin C levels may be due to gene-environmental factors.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, S. N. Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sanaappa Virupaxappa
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kashinakunti
authors.forename: Pampareddy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kollur
authors.forename: Gurupadappa Shantappa
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kallaganada
authors.forename: Manjula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rangappa
authors.forename: Jagadish Basavaraj
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ingin