title: Advances in imaging the neurovascular bundle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Much of the progress in improving potency outcomes after radical prostatectomy has been achieved due to a better visualization of the neurovascular bundle responsible for erectile function. We review the current literature evaluating the existing imaging modalities to image the neurovascular bundle around the prostate pre, intra, and postoperatively, thereby enabling development of surgical techniques for better preservation of nerve function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Imaging modalities like multiphoton microscopy, optical coherence tomography, Coherent anti-Raman spectroscopy, exogenous fluoroscopy using prostate-specific membrane antigen, and so on have led to a better appreciation of the neurovascular bundle, thus encouraging novel techniques in nerve preservation during radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an age of heightened patient expectations and increasing life expectancy, better visualization of the neurovascular bundle around the prostate using novel imaging modalities may provide breakthroughs in improving potency outcomes after radical prostatectomy.
authors.affiliation: LeFrak Institute of Robotic Surgery and Prostate Cancer Institute, James Buchanan Brady Foundation Department of Urology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Samarpit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sooriakumaran
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tewari
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010410:Penile Erection; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000294:innervation*; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011467:Prostate / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D057772:Vascular System Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control