title: Proteomic profiling of follicular and papillary thyroid tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thyroid proteomics is a new direction in thyroid cancer research aiming at etiological understanding and biomarker identification for improved diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-dimensional electrophoresis was applied to cytosolic protein extracts from frozen thyroid samples (ten follicular adenomas, nine follicular carcinomas, ten papillary carcinomas, and ten reference thyroids). Spots with differential expression were revealed by image and multivariate statistical analyses, and identified by mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A set of 25 protein spots significant for discriminating between the sample groups was identified. Proteins identified for nine of these spots were studied further including 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha, epsilon, and zeta/delta, peroxiredoxin 6, selenium-binding protein 1, protein disulfide-isomerase precursor, annexin A5 (ANXA5), tubulin alpha-1B chain, and α1-antitrypsin precursor. This subset of protein spots carried the same predictive power in differentiating between follicular carcinoma and adenoma or between follicular and papillary carcinoma, as compared with the larger set of 25 spots. Protein expression in the sample groups was demonstrated by western blot analyses. For ANXA5 and the 14-3-3 proteins, expression in tumor cell cytoplasm was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry both in the sample groups and an independent series of papillary thyroid carcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proteins identified confirm previous findings in thyroid proteomics, and suggest additional proteins as dysregulated in thyroid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, L8:01 Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. anastasios.sofiadis@karolinska.se
authors.forename: Anastasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sofiadis
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hellman
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hultin-Rosenberg
authors.forename: Andrii
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dinets
authors.forename: Mykola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hulchiy
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zedenius
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wallin
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Foukakis
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Höög
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.forename: Janne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lehtiö
authors.forename: Catharina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Larsson
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D054928:Validation Studies as Topic
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor