title: Quantitative analysis of left ventricular dyssynchrony using cardiac computed tomography versus three-dimensional echocardiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether cardiac computed tomography (CCT) can determine intraventricular dyssynchrony in comparison to real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) in patients who are considered for cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT).
  
  
  METHODS
  35 patients considered for CRT were examined. Left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony was quantified by calculating the standard deviation index (SDI) of 17 myocardial LV segments by RT3DE and ECG-gated contrast-enhanced 64-slice dual-source CCT. For both analyses the same software algorithm (4D LV-Analysis) was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Close correlations were observed for end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume and LV ejection fraction between the two techniques (r = 0.94, r = 0.92 and r = 0.95, respectively, P < 0.001 for all). For the global dyssynchrony index SDI, a high correlation was found between RT3DE and CCT (r = 0.84, P < 0.001), which further increased after exclusion of segments with poor image quality by echocardiography (r = 0.90, P < 0.001). The required time for quantitative analysis was significantly shorter (162 ± 22 s vs. 608 ± 112 s per patient, P < 0.001) and reproducibility was significantly higher for CCT compared with RT3DE (interobserver variability of 4.5 ± 3.1% vs. 7.9 ± 6.1%, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative assessment of LV dyssynchrony is feasible by CCT. Owing to its higher reproducibility and faster analysis time compared with RT3DE, this technique may represent a valuable alternative for dyssynchrony assessment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  • Quantitative assessment of left ventricular dyssynchrony is feasible by cardiac computed tomography (CCT). • This technique has been compared with real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE). • Reproducibility is significantly higher for CCT compared with RT3DE. • Time spent for analysis is significantly shorter for CCT. • Computed tomography may represent a valuable alternative to ultrasound for dyssynchrony assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Sebastian J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Buss
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hosch
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galuschky
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schummers
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giannitsis
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Kauczor
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zugck
authors.forename: Ruediger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Stefan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hardt
authors.forename: Hugo A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Katus
authors.forename: Grigorios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Korosoglou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis*