title: Obese Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes have higher basal metabolic rates than non-diabetic adults.
abstract: Several cross-sectional studies in Pima Indians and Caucasians have indicated that obese individuals with type 2 diabetes have a higher basal metabolic rate (BMR) than healthy, obese individuals. However, no study has investigated this comparison in Japanese subjects, who are known to be susceptible to type 2 diabetes due to genetic characteristics. Thirty obese Japanese adults with pre-type 2 diabetes (n=7) or type 2 diabetes (n=13) or without diabetes (n=10) participated in this study. BMR was measured using indirect calorimetry. The relationships between residual BMR (calculated as measured BMR minus BMR adjusted for fat-free mass, fat mass, age, and sex) and biomarkers including fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)), fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R), triglycerides, and free fatty acids were examined using Pearson's correlation. BMR in diabetic subjects adjusted for fat-free mass, fat mass, age, and sex was 7.1% higher than in non-diabetic subjects. BMR in diabetic subjects was also significantly (p<0.05) higher than in non-diabetic subjects. There was a significant correlation between residual BMR and fasting glucose (r=0.391, p=0.032). These results indicate that in the Japanese population, obese subjects with type 2 diabetes have higher BMR compared with obese non-diabetic subjects. The fasting glucose level may contribute to these differences.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohkawara
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa-Takata
authors.forename: Akemi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Shaw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Shigeho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000150:complications; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human