title: Cu((i))/amino acid catalyzed coupling reactions of aryl halides and nucleophiles: applications in large-scale production.
abstract: Amino acids can be used as ligands to promote Ullmann-type coupling reactions. This review briefly discusses how L-proline, 4-hydroxy-L-proline and N,N-dimethylglycine can serve as the ideal ligands for copper-catalyzed coupling of aryl halides with different nucleophiles.  Seven examples of applications of copper/amino acid catalyzed reactions in large-scale preparations are described.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 LingLing Road Shanghai 200032, China. madw@sioc.ac.cn
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yongwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006219:Halogens / Q000737:chemistry*; D008024:Ligands
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D006219:Halogens; D008024:Ligands; D003300:Copper