title: Predictors of pregnancy and live birth after insemination in couples with unexplained or male-factor infertility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors for pregnancy outcomes in couples treated with intracervical or intrauterine insemination, with or without superovulation for unexplained or male-factor infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary analysis of data from a randomized superovulation and intrauterine insemination trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment continued for four cycles unless pregnancy was achieved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Out of 932 couples randomized to four treatment groups, 664 couples who had completed the lifestyle questionnaires were assessed for occurrence of pregnancy and live birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnancy and live birth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pregnancy and live birth rates were significantly higher in couples in which the female partners reported that they had consumed coffee or tea in the past or drank alcoholic beverages in the past (past users) compared with those who had never consumed coffee, tea, or alcoholic beverages. Past users also had significantly higher pregnancy and live birth rates than those currently consuming coffee or tea or alcoholic beverages. Demographic, occupational exposure, and other lifestyle factors were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Couples in which the female partners drank coffee, tea, or alcoholic beverages in the past had higher pregnancy and live birth rates compared with never or current users. When discontinuing these habits, they might have made other lifestyle changes to improve the pregnancy outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Karl R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Factor-Litvak
authors.forename: Sandra A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Guzick
authors.forename: Nanette
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Heping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003069:Coffee / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D008019:Life Style; D050498:Live Birth; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D013480:Superovulation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013662:Tea / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D013662:Tea