title: Study of lipid profile and parieto-temporal lipid peroxidation in AlCl₃ mediated neurotoxicity. Modulatory effect of fenugreek seeds.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peroxidation of lipid (LPO) membrane and cholesterol metabolism have been involved in the physiopathology of many diseases of aging brain. Therefore, this prospective animal study was carried firstly to find out the correlation between LPO in posterior brain and plasmatic cholesterol along with lipoprotein levels after chronic intoxication by aluminium chloride (AlCl₃). Chronic aluminum-induced neurotoxicity has been in fact related to enhanced brain lipid peroxidation together with hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, despite its controversial etiological role in neurodegenerative diseases. Secondly an evaluation of the effectiveness of fenugreek seeds in alleviating the engendered toxicity through these biochemical parameters was made.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oral administration of AlCl₃ to rats during 5 months (500 mg/kg bw i.g for one month then 1600 ppm via the drinking water) enhanced the levels of LPO in posterior brain, liver and plasma together with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and LDL-C (Low Density Lipoproteins) levels. All these parameters were decreased following fenugreek seeds supplementation either as fenugreek seed powder (FSP) or fenugreek seed extract (FSE). A notable significant correlation was observed between LPObrain and LDL-C on one hand and LDHliver on the other hand. This latter was found to correlate positively with TC, TG and LDL-C. Furthermore, high significant correlations were observed between LDHbrain and TC, TG, LDL-C, LPObrain as well as LDHliver.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aluminium-induced LPO in brain could arise from alteration of lipid metabolism particularly altered lipoprotein metabolism rather than a direct effect of cholesterol oxidation. Fenugreek seeds could play an anti-peroxidative role in brain which may be attributed in part to its modulatory effect on plasmatic lipid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Research unit of Genetic (02/UR/08-03), Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia. yosrabelaid@gmail.com
authors.forename: Yosra
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Belaïd-Nouira
authors.forename: Hayfa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bakhta
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouaziz
authors.forename: Imen
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Flehi-Slim
authors.forename: Zohra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Haouas
authors.forename: Hassen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben Cheikh
mesh_terms: D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002712:Chlorides; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D029910:Trigonella / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002712:Chlorides; D008055:Lipids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000077410:Aluminum Chloride; C056164:fenugreek seed meal; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase