title: Evaluation of peracetic acid sanitizers efficiency against spores isolated from spoiled cans in suspension and on stainless steel surfaces.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the inactivation effect of industrial formulations of peracetic acid biocides on bacterial spores adhering to stainless steel surfaces. A standardized protocol was used to validate biocide activity against spores in suspension. To validate sporicidal  activity under practical conditions, we developed an additional protocol to simulate industrial sanitization of stainless steel surfaces with a foam sanitizer. Spores of three spore-forming bacteria, Clostridium sporogenes PA3679, Geobacillus stearothermophilus, and Moorella  thermoacetica/thermoautotrophica, were sprayed onto stainless steel as bioaerosols. Sporicidal activity was high against the C. sporogenes spore suspension, with more than 5 log CFU ml(-1) destroyed at all liquid biocide contact times. Sporicidal activity also was  high against G. stearothermophilus and M. thermoacetica/thermoautotrophica spores after 30 min of contact, but we found no population reduction at the 5-min contact time for the highest sporicide concentration tested. The foam biocide effectively inactivated C. sporogenes  spores adhered to stainless steel but had a reduced decontamination effect on other species. For G. stearothermophilus spores, sanitization with the foam sporicide was more efficient on horizontal steel than on vertical steel, but foam sanitization was ineffective against M. thermoacetica/thermoautotrophica  whatever the position. These results highlight that decontamination efficiency may differ depending on whether spores are suspended in an aqueous solution or adhered to a stainless steel surface. Biocide efficiency must be validated using relevant protocols and bacteria representative of the  microbiological challenges and issues affecting each food industry.
authors.affiliation: Centre Technique de la Conservation des Produits Agricoles, Site Agroparc, ZA de l'aéroport, BP 21 203, F-84 911 Avignon cedex 9, France. sandre@ctcpa.org
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hédin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Remize
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zuber
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D003013:Clostridium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005516:Food Microbiology; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods*; D001411:Geobacillus stearothermophilus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D058845:Moorella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010463:Peracetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D013193:Stainless Steel; D010463:Peracetic Acid