title: [Nonpalpable testes: laparoscopy for inguinotomy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The nonpalpable testis refers to the inability to make objective the teste through exploratory maneuvers. These patients have benefited from the laparoscopic approach that previously they could require even a laparotomy. Definitive treatment of nonpalpable testis depends on the laparoscopic findings, being in dispute their resolution in one or two stages. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence and the results after the application of laparoscopy for the treatment of nonpalpable testis in our department.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the cases of nonpalpable testis between 2000-2009 are selected. The age of intervention, laterality, operative findings, treatment performed and the size of the testes in cases operated in two stages are analized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-eight children are reviewed with a total of 60 testis. Thirty-one cases are left (53.4%), 25 are rights (43.1%) and 2 are bilateral (3.5%). In 32 children the testis is absent or atrophic, in 10 the Fowler-Stephens technique is developed, 8 gonads are next to the internal inguinal ring, 5 are in the inguinal canal and 2 is so high and so hipoplasic that orchiectomy is decided. Of those operated in 2 stages, 9 testes survive after the first time and 7 of them have a normal size 6 months after the second surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopy is an effective method for diagnosis and treatment of non palpable testis, however, there is still no consensus, for certain locations, to descend the testicle in 1 or 2 stages and if the way is by laparoscopy or inguinotomy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Materno Infantil, Badajoz. rayusov@telefonica.net
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ayuso Velasco
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Santamaría Ossorio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amat Valero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007264:Inguinal Canal / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods