title: Evaluation of the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire:  a factor-analytic approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite being used in multiple studies, the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) has not been assessed with factor analysis, a common method of item reduction in quality of life tools.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Menopause Epidemiology Study is a cross-sectional population-based study of women 40 to 65 years old in the United States chosen from a source population selected by random digit dialing and probability sampling. We focused on 2,703 postmenopausal women for our analyses. Before analysis and to prevent model overfitting, we split our sample into two equal groups using a uniform random sample. Using parallel analysis for factor extraction, we performed confirmatory factor analysis on the MENQOL to examine the current factor structure and to evaluate the efficiency of the items in the existing tool. Reliability coefficients (Cronbach α) were calculated for each of the domains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With few exceptions, the items from the original MENQOL factored into the domains under which they were originally placed. Using this method, five items did not add significant statistical value to the scoring of the domains: difficulty sleeping; poor memory; accomplishing less than I used to; changes in appearance, texture, or tone of my skin; and feeling tired. Reliability coefficients for the four original domains were acceptable: vasomotor, 0.87; psychosocial, 0.85; physical, 0.88; and sexual, 0.77.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from factor analysis indicate that although the MENQOL was developed more than 15 years ago, the strength of the items is still highly valuable today in the assessment of women's menopause-related quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. kristen.b.van-dole@gsk.com
authors.forename: Kristen B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Van Dole
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: DeVellis
authors.forename: Rebekkah D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Michele L Jonsson
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Funk
authors.forename: Bradley N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Gaynes
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019584:Hot Flashes; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D011788:Quality of Life; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013546:Sweating; D014481:United States