title: Dietary changes among breast cancer patients in Malaysia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer patients often show an interest in making dietary changes after diagnosis of breast cancer to improve their health condition and prevent cancer recurrence.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to determine changes in dietary intake 2 years after diagnosis among breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixteen subjects were asked to complete a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, diet recalls, and dietary changes questionnaire to assess dietary intake before and after diagnosis. The information on sociodemographic background, cancer treatment history, and anthropometric indices was also collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-two subjects considered diet as a contributing factor to breast cancer, and 67 subjects changed their dietary habits after breast cancer diagnosis. The reasons for changes in diet were physician and dietitian advice and desire to cure cancer. The sources of information were derived from their physician, mass media, and family members. Total energy, protein, total fat, fatty acids, and vitamin E intake were significantly decreased after diagnosis. Meanwhile, the intake of β-carotene and vitamin C increased significantly after diagnosis. The changes included reduction in red meat, seafood, noodles, and poultry intake. An increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, fish, low-fat milk, and soy products was observed. The subjects tended to lower high-fat foods intake and started to eat more fruits and vegetables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast cancer patients had changed to a healthier diet after breast cancer diagnosis, although the changes made were small.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This will be helpful to dietitians in providing a better understanding of good eating habits that will maintain patients' health after breast cancer diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Soraya Hanie
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shaharudin
authors.forename: Suhaina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Mohd Razif
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Shahril
authors.forename: Nor Aina
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Emran
authors.forename: Sharifah Noor
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Akmal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000451:nursing*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005638:Fruit; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008019:Life Style; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables