title: Speciation of ¹²⁹I in sea, lake and rain waters.
abstract: Concentrations of the very long-lived fission product (129)I and stable iodine ((127)I) in the Baltic Sea and lake and rain waters from Finland, were measured as well as their occurrence as iodide (I(-)) and iodate (IO(3)(-)). The highest concentrations of both (127)I and (129)I occurred in sea water, on average 11.1 ± 4.3 μg/l and 3.9 ± 4.1 × 10(-9) at/l. In rain and lake waters the concentration of (129)I was more or less identical and almost one order of magnitude lower than in sea water. Based on these observations, and data from the literature, it is assumed that the source of (129)I in lakes is precipitation and the major source in the Baltic Sea is the inflow of sea water from the North Sea through the Danish Straits. The concentration of (129)I in the Baltic Sea has increased by a factor of six during ten years from 1999. In all studied water types the main chemical form of both iodine isotopes was iodide; in sea and lake waters by 92-96% and in rain water by 75-88%. Compared to (127)I the fraction of iodide was slightly higher in case of (129)I in all waters.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, PO Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. jukka.lehto@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lehto
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Räty
authors.forename: Xiaolin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Jussi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paatero
authors.forename: Ala
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aldahan
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Possnert
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flinkman
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kankaanpää
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005387:Finland; D007452:Iodates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D007454:Iodides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D007455:Iodine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D060106:Lakes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D011891:Rain / Q000737:chemistry*; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D013051:Spectrometry, Gamma; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007452:Iodates; D007454:Iodides; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007455:Iodine