title: How frequent are eating disturbances in the population? Norms of the eating disorder examination-questionnaire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a self-report instrument assessing the specific psychopathology and key behaviors of eating disorders. This study sought to determine the prevalence of eating disturbances, and to provide psychometric properties and norms of the EDE-Q, in a representative German population sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2520 individuals (1166 men, 1354 women) were assessed with the EDE-Q.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eating disorder psychopathology was higher and most key behaviors were more prevalent in women than in men. Psychopathology declined with age ≥65 in both sexes, and showed a peak at age 55-64 in men. Overall, 5.9% of the women and 1.5% of the men revealed eating disturbances. The prevalence of eating disturbances decreased with age in women and was significantly higher in obese than in normal-weight individuals. Psychometric analyses showed favorable item characteristics. Internal consistencies of EDE-Q composite scores were ≥.80 for women and ≥.70 for men. The factor structure of the EDE-Q was partially reproduced. Sex- and age-specific population norms are reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides population norms of the EDE-Q for both sexes and across the age range, demonstrates demographic variations in symptomatology, and reveals satisfactory psychometric properties. Further research is warranted on eating disturbances in older adults.
authors.affiliation: Integrated Research and Treatment Center AdiposityDiseases, Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany. anja.hilbert@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hilbert
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Zwaan
authors.forename: Elmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Braehler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult