title: The protective effect of aminoguanidine on doxorubicin-induced nephropathy in rats.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species and cytokines have been implicated in the nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin. The goal of the present study was to determine protective effect of aminoguanidine on doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Different groups of male Wistar rats received doxorubicin (67.75 mg/kg/i.p./2 days), aminoguanidine alone and aminoguanidine (200 and 400 mg/kg/i.p./30 days) prior to doxorubicin, respectively. Doxorubicin significantly increased serum creatinine (505%), blood urea nitrogen (333%), nitric oxide (406%), and plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (706%) as well as urinary albumin (452%) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (415%) compared to control. Moreover, renal glutathione (334%), superoxide dismutase (283%), and catalase (513%) were significantly reduced accompanied with elevation in renal malondialdehyde compared to control. Pretreatment with aminoguanidine mitigated such changes in all mentioned parameters. Histopathological changes showed that doxorubicin-caused significant structural damages to kidneys that were reduced with aminoguanidine. Results indicate that reactive oxygen species and cytokines are involved in doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity, which can be reduced by aminoguanidine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. oabosalem@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Osama M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Abo-Salem
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000652:urine; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000633:toxicity*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006146:Guanidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000652:urine; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006146:Guanidines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003404:Creatinine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; C004479:pimagedine; D000117:Acetylglucosamine