title: Biobank research and ethics: the problem of informed consent in Polish biobanks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The dynamic development of biobanks causes some ethical, social, and legal problems. The most discussed problems are obtaining informed consent, especially for future research, from minors and from deceased people. The aim of this article is to present the current standards held by Polish biobanks concerning obtaining a participant's informed consent in some aspects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey was carried out by anonymous questionnaire among 59 institutions which deal with the collecting and storage of human cells and tissues in the year 2008. Twenty four filled-in copies of the questionnaires were sent back (return=41%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost every institution (92%) obtains written consent, but a third of the surveyed institutions (29%) do not obtain consent for the future use of the samples. The majority of the respondents (83%) support the idea of using biological materials for research purposes of a donor who died if he did not leave any written objection to such practices and 46% of respondents stated that biobanks should obtain the consent from the already mature donor who gave their samples as a child.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The practice and rules for obtaining informed consent for the scientific research require improvement. The possibility to use the human materials in the future, conditions for getting access to the data, the possibility of their withdrawal from the database and using the materials and data after the death of the donor should be clearly determined when the informed consent to collect the material is obtained.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ethics and Human Philosophy, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pawlikowski
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sak
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marczewski