title: Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of Ammannia baccifera L. (Lythracceae), a folklore medicinal plant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ammannia baccifera L. has been reported as folklore remedy for the treatment of inflammation and tumor in the state of Rajasthan, India.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of the methanol extract from the aerial parts of Ammannia baccifera under in vitro and in vivo models.
  
  
  METHODS
  The in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract was measured using DPPH, superoxide, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan induced paw edema. Analgesic activity of the methanol extract was estimated against acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IC(50) value for free radical scavenging activity of this extract was significantly superior over the positive standards butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) and rutin. The extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities at the dose of 100 and 200mg/kg p.o. The analgesic effect of the higher dose of the extract (200mg/kg) was comparable with the standard drugs aspirin and morphine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study scientifically validated the traditional use of this plant against inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India.
authors.forename: Nataraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Loganayaki
authors.forename: Perumal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Siddhuraju
authors.forename: Sellamuthu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manian
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002351:Carrageenan; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007194:India; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D029561:Lythraceae; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002351:Carrageenan; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D019342:Acetic Acid