title: Early detection of chronic kidney disease: collaboration of Belgrade nephrologists and primary care physicians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Belgrade screening study was undertaken in order to detect persons with CKD markers in at risk populations and to educate primary care physicians how to carry out CKD screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed by primary care physicians from thirteen Belgrade health centers in collaboration with nephrologists from clinical centers. Subjects without previously known kidney disease were enrolled: 1316 patients with hypertension without diabetes, 208 patients with type 2 diabetes and 93 subjects older than 60 years without hypertension or diabetes. The survey consisted of an interview, consisted of an interview, estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR-MDRD), single urine dipstick detection of proteinuria, hematuria, glucosuria, microalbuminuria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microalbuminuria with or without proteinuria in combination with eGFR>60 ml/min/1.73 m2 was detected in 17% , 41% and 24% of patients with hypertension, diabetes and those above 60 years, respectively. Reduced eGFR (<60 ml/min/1.73 m2 ) was found in 23%, 12% and 22% of the same patient groups. The prevalence of CKD markers increased with increasing number of risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High prevalence of CKD markers in at risk population detected by primary care physicians in this collaborative study seems to be the best way to encourage primary care physicians to carry out regular CKD screening.
authors.affiliation: Academy of Medical Science, Serbian Medical Society, Belgrade, Serbia. ljubicadjukanovic@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ljubica
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Djukanović
authors.forename: Višnja
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lezaić
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dimković
authors.forename: Gordana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peruničić Peković
authors.forename: Danica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bukvić
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bajčetić
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pavlović
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bontić
authors.forename: Nadezda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zec
authors.forename: Danijela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Momčilović
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stojanović
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009398:Nephrology; D058007:Physicians, Primary Care; D011320:Primary Health Care; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055771:Serbia