title: Hydrogen peroxide and monoethanolamine are the key causative ingredients for hair dye-induced dermatitis and hair loss.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hair dyes are being commonly used to change the color of hair for cosmetic reason. However, concern is growing over the dermatitis and subsequent hair loss associated with the repeated use of hair dye products, yet the causative ingredients have not been elucidated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Here we investigated hair dye-induced dermatitis and hair loss using in vivo mouse model to uncover the causative ingredients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Commercially available hair dye products or combination of the ingredients of hair dye product were applied topically for 3 days on the dorsum of the female C57BL/6 mice and, dermatitis and hair loss were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mice treated with hair dye products exhibited unequivocal signs of hair loss and dermatitis. To find out causative ingredients, combinations of the representative components of hair dye including reducing agents, the mixture of dye and monoethanolamine (MEA), ammonia, and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) were applied and thereafter, hair loss and dermatitis were evaluated. All the groups treated with the combinations containing H(2)O(2) and neutralized dye mixture manifested hair loss and dermatitis. Subsequent experiments revealed that H(2)O(2) and MEA synergistically induced hair loss and dermatitis. Histological examination showed that oxidative stress may be the mechanism underlying hair-dye induced dermatitis. Consistently, H(2)O(2) and MEA synergistically induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that H(2)O(2) and MEA may be the key causative ingredients for hair dye-associated dermatitis and hair loss.
authors.affiliation: Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Il-Hong
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Won-Hee
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Jong-Hyub
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seok-Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.forename: Sang-Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Young-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000505:Alopecia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019856:Ethanolamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006202:Hair Dyes / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D006202:Hair Dyes; D016877:Oxidants; D019856:Ethanolamine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide