title: Nitric oxide nanoparticles: pre-clinical utility as a therapeutic for intramuscular abscesses.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a critical component of host defense against invading pathogens; however, its therapeutic utility is limited due to a lack of practical delivery systems. Recently, a NO-releasing nanoparticulate platform (NO-np) was shown to have in vitro broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and in vivo pre-clinical efficacy in a dermal abscess model. To extend these findings, both topical (TP) and intralesional (IL) NO-np administration was evaluated in a MRSA intramuscular murine abscess model and compared with vancomycin. All treatment arms accelerated abscess clearance clinically, histologically, and by microbiological assays on both days 4 and 7 following infection. However, abscesses treated with NO-np via either route demonstrated a more substantial, statistically significant decrease in bacterial survival based on colony forming unit assays and histologically revealed less inflammatory cell infiltration and preserved muscular architecture. These data suggest that the NO-np may be an effective addition to our armament for deep soft tissue infections.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schairer
authors.forename: Luis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blecher
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chouake
authors.forename: Parimala
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nacharaju
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gialanella
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Nosanchuk
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D052880:Pyomyositis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D009569:Nitric Oxide