title: Evaluation of tyrosinase expression in canine and equine melanocytic tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the tissue-restricted expression pattern of tyrosinase mRNA in canine and equine melanocytic tumors and relative tyrosinase and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I mRNA expression in variants of melanocytic tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  39 canine and 8 equine tumor samples and 10 canine and 6 equine normal tissue samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  RNA was isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Real-time PCR assays were designed to amplify canine and equine tyrosinase, S18 ribosomal RNA, and major histocompatibility complex I transcripts. Relative expression was determined by use of S18 as a reference and comparison with pigmented and nonpigmented normal tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High tyrosinase expression was found in all melanocytic tumors, compared with normal tissues, and expression had no correlation with presence or absence of tumor pigmentation. No significant difference in tyrosinase expression was found among histologic variants of melanocytic tumors. No correlation was found between MHC I and tyrosinase expression or tissue histologic classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, the methods used were highly sensitive and specific for detection of tyrosinase expression in equine and canine tumors, and overexpression of this transcript in melanomas was detected. This suggested that a DNA vaccine developed for use in dogs with melanoma that targets tyrosinase may be considered for use in other affected species, such as horses.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 37996, USA. jphill35@me.com
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lembcke
authors.forename: Christina E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Noltenius
authors.forename: Shelley J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Blackford
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Grosenbaugh
authors.forename: A Timothy
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Leard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006736:Horses; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase