title: Short communication: Pheromonicin-SA affects mRNA expression of toll-like receptors, cytokines, and lactoferrin by Staphylococcus aureus-infected bovine mammary epithelial cells.
abstract: Pheromonicin-SA (Ph-SA) is a newly developed, engineered multidomain peptide that has a bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus. The objective of this study was to characterize innate immune responses by Staph. aureus-stimulated bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMEC) following treatment with Ph-SA. Primary BMEC from one lactating Holstein cow were isolated and exposed to Staph. aureus for 2 h, and then treated with rifampicin or Ph-SA. Total RNA was isolated from BMEC at 0, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h postinfection, and the mRNA expression of selected genes, including toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and lactoferrin, was quantified by real-time PCR. In the rifampicin group, increases in the expression of mRNA for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and lactoferrin were observed at 6 h postinfection and in the expression of mRNA for TLR2 but not for TLR4 at 12 h postinfection. In the Ph-SA group, increases in the mRNA expression of TLR2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and lactoferrin were observed at 6 h postinfection, and an increase in TLR4 mRNA expression was observed at 24 h postinfection. At 24 h postinfection, the mRNA expression of TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and lactoferrin was higher in the Ph-SA group than in the rifampicin group. In conclusion, Ph-SA might promote the expression of mRNA for TLR2, TLR4, the pro-inﬂammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, the chemotactic factor IL-8, and lactoferrin in Staph. aureus-infected BMEC. Moreover, Ph-SA may be of value as an antibiotic in promoting innate immune responses by Staph. aureus-infected bovine mammary epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: P Q
authors.initials: PQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: X G
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhuge
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: X Q
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: R Q
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007781:Lactoferrin