title: Multi-biomarker approach in wild European bullhead, Cottus sp., exposed to agricultural and urban environmental pressures: practical recommendations for experimental design.
abstract: In freshwater ecosystems, a large number of chemical substances are able to disturb homeostasis of fish by modulating one or more physiological functions including the immune system. The aim of this study was to assess multi-biomarker responses including immunotoxicity induced by urban and agricultural pressure in European bullheads living in a small French river basin. For this purpose, a set of biochemical, immunological, physiological and histological parameters was measured in wild bullheads from five locations characterized by various environmental pressures. Moreover, to address effects of physiological status and contamination level variation on biomarker responses, fish were sampled during three periods (April, July and October). Results revealed a clear impact of environmental pressure on fish health and particularly on immunological status. An increase of EROD activity was recorded between upstream and downstream sites. Upstream sites were also characterized by neurotoxicological effects. Fish exhibited upstream/downstream variations of immunological status but strong differences were observed according to sampling season. Conversely, regarding biochemical and immunological effects, no significant response of physiological indexes was recorded related to environmental pressures. According to these results, the European bullhead appears as a valuable model fish species to assess adverse effects in wildlife due to urban and agricultural pressures.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, BP2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jolly
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bado-Nilles
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lamand
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Turies
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chadili
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Porcher
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Betoulle
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sanchez
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D008297:Male; D010473:Perciformes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012621:Seasons; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1