title: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of nosocomial candidiasis in university hospitals in Cuiabá--Mato Grosso, Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fungal infections are emerging as an important cause of human disease, especially among hospitalized patients with serious underlying disease and several risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with nosocomial candidiasis in university hospitals in Cuiabá - MT, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive study of 91 patients admitted to university hospitals in Cuiabá - MT, with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of nosocomial candidiasis, over a 20-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A rate for nosocomial infections by Candida spp. of 5 per 1000 admissions, proportional mortality of 14.4% and lethality of 53.8% were determined. The patient age ranged from 29 days to 82 years-old, among which, 74.7% were adults and 25.3% children. The intensive care units contributed with the highest number of cases of infection by Candida spp. (69.2%). The most important underlying disease was gastrointestinal tract disease (11%). Prematurity and low birth weight were the most important risk factors among newborns. The use of antibiotics, invasive procedures, H(2) blockers, multiple blood transfusions and stay length of ≥21 days were the most frequent risk factors among adults. Candida albicans was the most common species in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, C. albicans was the most frequently detected species in candidiasis and risk factors increased the susceptibility of hospitalized patients to acquiring a nosocomial infection by Candida spp.
authors.affiliation: Investigation Laboratory (Mycology), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Caroline
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Akeme Yamamoto
authors.forename: Claudete Rodrigues
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.forename: Luciana Basili
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tadano
authors.forename: Évelin Rodrigues
authors.initials: ÉR
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Janaína Vasconcelos Ribeiro de Souza
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Amadio
authors.forename: Rosane Christine
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015163:Superinfection; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists