title: Group-selective enrichment and determination of pyrethroid insecticides in aquaculture seawater via molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection.
abstract: Two types of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the simultaneous determination of six pyrethroid insecticides have been developed using deltamethrin (D-MIPs) and cypermethrin (C-MIPs) as template molecules. A comparison of the performance of D-MIPs, C-MIPs, and the corresponding non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) were conducted. Stronger group-selective interactions between the C-MIPs and the six pyrethroid insecticides were achieved. The MISPE method based on the C-MIPs displayed higher extraction recoveries (86.4-96.0%) with RSD values ranging from 2.4 to 7.8% for the six pyrethroid insecticides in aquaculture seawater. After the C-MIP cartridge procedure, the limits of detection and quantification for fenvalerate, deltamethrin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, and bifenthrin were in the 16.6-37.0 and 55.3-109.1 ng L⁻¹ ranges, respectively, and 0.68 and 2.26 μg L⁻¹ for phenothrin, respectively. The proposed MISPE method coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection was successfully used for the determination of the six pyrethroid insecticides in aquaculture seawater.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Applied Technology of Marine Biology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, China. sxzsal78@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Xizhi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Aili
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Dexiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D017756:Aquaculture; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D057230:Limit of Detection; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011722:Pyrethrins