title: Effects of amifostine in combination with cyclophosphamide on female reproductive system.
abstract: This study investigated the cytoprotective effects of amifostine against the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide relying on ovarian cell death markers and the fertilization rate of the surviving follicles as a late outcome of the study. Combined pretreatment of amifostine with cyclophosphamide enabled partial recovery of antiapoptotic messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels while a decrease in expression of BAX and Casp3 were identified. The pretreatment of amifostine to cyclophosphamide significantly reduced the proportion of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive primary and preantral follicles (P < .001 and P < .05, respectively). These findings were comparable with the results obtained from protein expression of cleaved caspase 3. The fertilization rate showed a significant capability of amifostine to improve fertilization potency of oocytes exposed to cyclophosphamide (P < .01). In conclusion, administration of amifostine prior to cyclophosphamide might serve as a promising protocol to improve female fertility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Zeinab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Barekati
authors.forename: Afsaneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golkar-Narenji
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Totonchi
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radpour
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gourabi
mesh_terms: D004999:Amifostine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D053148:Caspase 3; D004999:Amifostine