title: Changes of IgA+ cells and cytokines in the cecal tonsil of broilers fed on diets supplemented with vanadium.
abstract: The cecal tonsil of broiler is known as a secondary lymphoid tissue, which is involved in antigen-specific humoral immune responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary vanadium on the tissue distribution and quantity of immunoglobulin A-positive (IgA(+)) cell in the cecal tonsil by immunohistochemistry. Simultaneously, the changes in interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) contents in the cecal tonsil were also quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups and fed on a corn-soybean basal diet (control diet) or the same diet supplemented respectively with 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg/kg of vanadium in the form of ammonium metavanadate for 42 days. The results showed that the population of the IgA(+) cells in the cecal tonsil were significantly lower (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 45 and 60 mg/kg groups than that in the control group. Meanwhile, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α contents in the cecal tonsil were significantly decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in the 30, 45 and 60 mg/kg groups in comparison with those of the control group. However, IL-6 content in the cecal tonsil was only decreased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) in 60 mg/kg at 14 and 28 days of age. In conclusion, dietary vanadium in excess of 30 mg/kg reduced the numbers of the IgA(+) cells and changed the contents of the abovementioned cytokines in the cecal tonsil, which may finally impact the function of local mucosal humoral immunity in broilers.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, China.
authors.forename: Yuanxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Hengmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Zhicai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Kangping
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Bangyuan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014638:Vanadates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D014638:Vanadates; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C101036:ammonium metavanadate