title: Recurrent spontaneous pneumomediastinum in an adult.
abstract: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SP) is defined as the presence of free air in mediastinal space without any apparent cause. This rare entity is most likely to occur in young males often related to an episode of vomiting, asthma or sustained physical activity. SP usually resolves spontaneously in few days of treatment based on rest and analgesia. Complications are extremely rare. Its recurrence has been poorly reported but seems exceptional. We present a case of recurrent SP occurring in a 21-year-old male with a mental deficiency. The recurrence occurred after a free-interval of 12 months. We proposed a literature review.
authors.affiliation: Aix-Marseille Univ, Marseille,  France.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Natale
authors.forename: Xavier Benoit
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: D'Journo
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duconseil
authors.forename: Pascal Alexandre
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014839:Vomiting / Q000150:complications; D055815:Young Adult