title: Gastroprotective effect of NaHS against mucosal lesions induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has been shown to display anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) on gastric mucosal lesions induced by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and to determine the possible mechanism involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-sex male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into sham, control (I/R injury), propargylglycine (PAG)-, L-cysteine-, and NaHS-treated groups. To induce I/R lesions, the celiac artery was first clamped for 30 min (ischemia phase), followed by removal of the clamp artery to allow reperfusion for 3 h. Treated rats received PAG [50 mg/kg, intravenous (i.v.)] or NaHS (160, 320, or 640 ng/kg, i.v.) 5 min before reperfusion. The effect of L-cysteine pretreatment was also investigated. Plasma levels of cytokines and cortisol were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The gastric tissue samples were collected to quantify the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) by quantitative real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total area of gastric lesions significantly decreased following the administration of NaHS and L-cysteine. The highest area of mucosal lesions was observed in PAG-treated rats. The mRNA expression and plasma levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly decreased in L-cysteine- and NaHS-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner. Slightly increased levels of TGF-β were observed in these test groups, but the difference was not statistically significant compared with the other groups. The plasma level of cortisol was also not affected by NaHS treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that a possible mechanism for the gastroprotective effect of H(2)S could be through the decreased mRNA expression and plasma release of proinflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Physiology Research Center, Research institute for infectious diseases of digestive system, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundi Shapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. alimard77@gmail.com
authors.forename: Seyyed Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mard
authors.forename: Niloofar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neisi
authors.forename: Ghasem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Solgi
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassanpour
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darbor
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maleki
mesh_terms: D000480:Alkynes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003553:Cystine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012016:Reference Values; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D016207:Cytokines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013440:Sulfides; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003553:Cystine; C009055:propargylglycine; C025451:sodium bisulfide; D005998:Glycine