title: Informal care-giving in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: lay knowledge and experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of informal caregivers providing care in the home to a family member with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment, increasing emphasis on early discharge and home-based care programmes enable those with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to remain at home. However, little is known about the consequences of these initiatives for informal caregivers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative exploratory approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semi-structured interviews with 11 family caregivers of people with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six core themes emerged including 'then and now' reflecting caregivers' sense of loss and enmeshment with the illness experience and burden. The caregivers' experience of illness burden included symptom, cultural and lifeworld meanings. Relationships between formal health care and healthcare professionals were rendered difficult by their perceived failure to look beyond acute exacerbations as discrete events rather than integral to the illness trajectory as a whole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In failing to actively engage with caregivers, our current approaches to supporting persons with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may compound the care and illness burden experienced by family caregivers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study illustrates the potential for nursing to increase or lessen the caregiver burden through understanding the illness experience as one that is shared by both caregiver and care recipient.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland. ghynes@rcsi.ie
authors.forename: Geralyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hynes
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCarron
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006701:Home Nursing / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000451:nursing*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult