title: Surgical treatment for thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis: case report.
abstract: Thyrotoxic hypokalemic periodic paralysis (THPP) is a rare, potentially life-threatening endocrine emergency. It is characterized by recurrent muscle weakness and hypokalemia. Because many THPP patients do not have obvious symptoms and signs of hyperthyroidism, misdiagnosis may occur. The published studies revealed that definitive therapy for THPP is control of hyperthyroidism by medical therapy, radioactive iodine or surgery, but the long-term post-operative follow-up result was not observed. We reported two cases of medically refractory THPP with recurrent paralysis of extremities and hypokalemia, and both were combined with thyroid nodules. Both patients were treated with total thyroidectomy; the pathology revealed that one is Graves' disease with thyroid papillary carcinoma, and the other is adenomatous goiter with papillary hyperplasia. No episode of periodic paralysis was noted and laboratory evaluation revealed normal potassium level during the post-operative follow up. Our experience suggests that total thyroidectomy by experienced surgeon is an appropriate and definite treatment for medically refractory THPP, especially in cases combined with thyroid nodules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chu
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Che-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hui-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsiu-Ya
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: I-Cheng
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Cheng-Jing
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Wen-Rei
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Feng-Yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020514:Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013971:Thyrotoxicosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*