title: Benzo[a]pyrene induced lipid changes in the monoxenic arbuscular mycorrhizal chicory roots.
abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization may be one of the means that protects plants and allows them to thrive on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-polluted soils including the carcinogenic benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P). To understand the mechanisms involved in the AM symbiosis tolerance to B[a]P toxicity, the purpose of this study was to compare the lipid compositions as well as the contents between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal chicory root cultures grown in vitro under B[a]P pollution. Firstly, B[a]P induced significant decreases of the Glomalean lipid markers: C16:1ω5 and 24-methyl/methylene sterol amounts in AM roots indicating a reduced AM fungal development inside the roots. Secondly, whereas increases in fatty acid amounts after B[a]P application were measured in non-mycorrhizal roots, no changes were shown in mycorrhizal roots. On the other hand, while, after treatment with B[a]P, the total phospholipid contents were unmodified in non-mycorrhizal roots in comparison with the control, drastic reductions were observed in mycorrhizal roots, mainly owing to decreases in phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. Moreover, B[a]P affected AM root sterols by reducing stigmasterol. In conclusion, the findings presented in this paper have highlighted, for the first time, significant changes in the AM root lipid metabolism under B[a]P pollution and have culminated on their role in the defense/protection mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, F-62228 Calais, France.
authors.forename: Djouher
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Debiane
authors.forename: Maryline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calonne
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fontaine
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laruelle
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grandmougin-Ferjani
authors.forename: Anissa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
mesh_terms: D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018651:Cichorium intybus; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene