title: Clinical significance of elevated spleen tyrosine kinase expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase and often aberrantly expressed in human cancers. However, Syk expression pattern has not yet been investigated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of 223 NPC tissues were immunohistochemically stained for Syk expression and survival analysis was then performed. Interaction and co-localization of Syk with Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) was explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High expression of Syk was detected in 24% of NPC cases, and correlated significantly with T classification, local recurrence, a lower 5-year survival rate, and a lower 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate. Syk expression was a significant, independent prognosis predictor for patients with NPC. LMP2A induced Syk expression in NPC and LMP2A high expression correlated with Syk high expression in NPC clinical samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High expression of Syk, which results partly from LMP2A expression in NPC, is associated with tumor recurrence and poor prognosis of patients with NPC.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zi-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Chang-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.forename: Hai-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ma-Yan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ding-Zhun
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Chun-Fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-Xu
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Li-Fu
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ingemar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ernberg
authors.forename: Yi-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Jian-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002277:Carcinoma; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D016610:Tissue Embedding; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C037662:EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase