title: The use of balloon-expandable stent grafts for the management of acute arterial bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of balloon-expandable stent grafts in the emergency treatment of acute arterial hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 2008 and December 2009, 15 patients with acute arterial hemorrhage from inflammatory vessel erosion or pseudoaneurysms (n = 9), noninflammatory pseudoaneurysms (n = 3), or iatrogenic vessel injury (n = 3) were treated with emergency stent graft implants. The primary study endpoints to determine treatment efficacy and safety were survival, complication rates, and freedom from recurrent hemorrhaging or reintervention. The secondary study endpoints were technical and clinical success.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The survival rate was 73% with a mean follow-up of 119 days ± 220. The complication rate was 20%. The procedure was technically successful in 13 of 15 (87%) patients. One endoleak persisted and led to a reintervention rate of 7%. The bleeding ceased immediately after stent graft implantation in 14 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implantation of balloon-expandable stent grafts is a safe and effective emergency treatment for acute arterial hemorrhage from visceral and peripheral vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. ulrike.stampfl@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Stampfl
authors.forename: Christof-Matthias
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bellemann
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weitz
authors.forename: Dittmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Böckler
authors.forename: Götz Martin
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Kauczor
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Radeleff
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001158:Arteries / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D021721:Balloon Occlusion / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D057867:Endoleak / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012086:Reoperation; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D057772:Vascular System Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*