title: [The time order of autophagy and apoptosis process in the oxidative injury in glioma U251 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the time order of autophagy and apoptosis in human U251 cells injury after H2O2 treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  4 groups in this study were set up, normal control group, 1 mmol/L H2O2 (6 h,12 h, 24 h) group. The viability of U251 cells treated with H2O2 was measured by MTT assay. Cell apoptotic ratio was determined by flow cytometry analysis. Autophagic vacuoles were stained with monodansylcadaverine. The protein level of Beclin 1 and cytosolic cyt c were assayed by using Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, cell viability decreased significantly under 1 mmol/L H2O2 treatment in time-dependent way. Autophagic vacuoles and the expression of autophagic protein Beclin 1 increased at 6 h, but cell apoptotic ratio and cytosolic cyt c protein did not change obviously, cell apoptotic ratio and cytosolic cyt c protein level increased at 12 h and 24 h (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oxidative stress induced autophagy and apoptosis in U251 glioma cells, and autophagy eventuated ahead of apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hypoxia Medical Research, Teaching Center of Functional Experiment, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Hong-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-Fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yong-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Gong
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors