title: Comparison of the antiemetic effect of ramosetron and combined ramosetron and midazolam in children:  a double-blind, randomised clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative nausea and vomiting remains a clinically important problem after strabismus surgery in children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the benefit of adding midazolam to ramosetron on the incidence of postoperative nausea, retching or vomiting and on the incidence of postoperative agitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomised, double-blind comparison.
  
  
  METHODS
  The operating theatre suite and day care unit of Seoul National University Hospital. The study period was January to December 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 405 paediatric patients (aged 4-12 years) undergoing strabismus surgery were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two groups, ramosetron or ramosetron with midazolam.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients received either ramosetron 6 μg kg or ramosetron 6 μg kg and midazolam 0.1 mg kg prior to induction of anaesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The incidences of nausea, retching or vomiting in the first 48 h after surgery, and the incidence of emergence agitation in the post-anaesthetic care unit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidences of nausea, retching or vomiting during the first and second 24-h periods after surgery were similar in the two groups. There was a small, clinically insignificant reduction in delirium scores in the ramosetron with midazolam group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding midazolam to ramosetron had no advantages over ramosetron alone in reducing the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Byon
authors.forename: Seung-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin-Tae
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hee-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013285:Strabismus / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D001562:Benzimidazoles; C071315:ramosetron; D008874:Midazolam