title: Gold nanomaterials: preparation, chemical modification, biomedical applications and potential risk assessment.
abstract: Gold nanomaterials (Au NMs) have attracted increasing attention in biomedicine due to their facile preparation, multifunctional modifications, unique optical and electrical properties, and good biocompatibility. The physicochemical properties of Au NMs at nanoscale, like size, shape, surface chemistry, and near field effects, are rendering Au NMs potent candidates in biomedicine. Thus, risk assessment of negative effects of Au NMs on biological systems is becoming urgent and necessary for future applications. In this review, we summarize up-to-date progresses on the preparation and modification of Au NMs and their biomedical applications, including biosensor, bioimaging and phototherapy, gene/drug delivery. Finally, we discuss the potential risk of Au NMs to biological systems, which is instructive for rationally designing and preparing nanomaterials for safe applications in nanomedicine.
authors.affiliation: CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chun-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020811:Biomedical Technology / Q000379:methods*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D006046:Gold / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D010789:Phototherapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D006046:Gold