title: The 24-h energy intake of obese adolescents is spontaneously reduced after intensive exercise: a randomized controlled trial in calorimetric chambers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Physical exercise can modify subsequent energy intake and appetite and may thus be of particular interest in terms of obesity treatment. However, it is still unclear whether an intensive bout of exercise can affect the energy consumption of obese children and adolescents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the impact of high vs. moderate intensity exercises on subsequent 24-h energy intake, macronutrient preferences, appetite sensations, energy expenditure and balance in obese adolescent.
  
  
  METHODS
  This randomized cross-over trial involves 15 obese adolescent boys who were asked to randomly complete three 24-h sessions in a metabolic chamber, each separated by at least 7 days: (1) sedentary (SED); (2) Low-Intensity Exercise (LIE) (40% maximal oxygen uptake, VO(2)max); (3) High-Intensity Exercise (HIE) (75%VO(2)max).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite unchanged appetite sensations, 24-h total energy intake following HIE was 6-11% lower compared to LIE and SED (p<0.05), whereas no differences appeared between SED and LIE. Energy intake at lunch was 9.4% and 8.4% lower after HIE compared to SED and LIE, respectively (p<0.05). At dinner time, it was 20.5% and 19.7% lower after HIE compared to SED and LIE, respectively (p<0.01). 24-h energy expenditure was not significantly altered. Thus, the 24-h energy balance was significantly reduced during HIE compared to SED and LIE (p<0.01), whereas those of SED and LIE did not differ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In obese adolescent boys, HIE has a beneficial impact on 24-h energy balance, mainly due to the spontaneous decrease in energy intake during lunch and dinner following the exercise bout. Prescribing high-intensity exercises to promote weight loss may therefore provide effective results without affecting appetite sensations and, as a result, food frustrations.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrial.gov NCT01036360.
authors.affiliation: Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA3533, UFR STAPS, BP 104, Clermont-Ferrand, France. David.THIVEL@univ-bpclermont.fr
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thivel
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Isacco
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Montaurier
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boirie
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duché
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002151:Calorimetry / Q000379:methods; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors