title: Timing of lactational oestrus in intermittent suckling regimes: consequences for sow fertility.
abstract: Three intermittent suckling (IS) regimes were evaluated for their effects on lactational oestrus and subsequent fertility. Control sows were weaned (CW; n = 38) at d 26 ± 2 of lactation. In IS19-7D (n=40) and IS19-14D (n=42) sows, IS started at d 19 ± 1 of lactation and sows were weaned 7 or 14 d later. In IS26-7D (n=41), IS started at d 26 ± 1 of lactation and sows were weaned 7d later. During IS, sows were separated from their piglets for 10h/day. Oestrus detection was performed twice daily without a boar and ovulation was confirmed by ultrasound once a week. In IS19-7D, IS19-14D and IS26-7D, respectively, 50%, 64% and 61% of the sows showed oestrus and ovulation during IS (P>0.05), and, of the remaining sows, 100%, 93%, and 69% showed oestrus in the first week after weaning. In CW sows, 95% showed oestrus in the first week after weaning. Parity 1 sows were considerably less likely than older parities (23% vs. 68%) to show oestrus in lactation. Pregnancy rate of the first post partum oestrus (during lactation or after weaning) was 89% (CW), 92% (IS19-7D), 80% (IS19-14D) and 77% (IS26-7D) (P>0.05) and subsequent litter size was 14.5 ± 0.5, 14.5 ± 0.6, 15.3 ± 0.5 and 15.2 ± 0.8, respectively (P>0.05). Sows mated during lactation had similar pregnancy rate and litter size to those mated after weaning. Hence, ongoing lactation for the first 2-9 d of pregnancy did not negatively affect fertility. A total of 50-64% of IS sows showed lactational oestrus, regardless of the stage of lactation. Pregnancy rates and litter size were similar to control sows, and were not affected by stage of lactation at mating.
authors.affiliation: Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, The Netherlands. nicoline.soede@wur.nl
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Soede
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laurenssen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abrahamse-Berkeveld
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gerritsen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dirx-Kuijken
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langendijk
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kemp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D004971:Estrus / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors