title: Cardiovascular metabolic syndrome: mediators involved in the pathophysiology from obesity to coronary heart disease.
abstract: Patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for cardiovascular events and have a higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This worse prognosis is partly explained by the late recognition of coronary heart disease in these patients, due to the absence of symptoms. Early identification of coronary heart disease is vital, to initiate preventive medical therapy and improve prognosis. At present, with the use of cardiovascular risk models, the identification of coronary heart disease in these patients remains inadequate. To this end, biomarkers should improve the early identification of patients at increased cardiovascular risk. The first part of this review describes the pathophysiologic pathway from obesity to coronary heart disease. The second part evaluates several mediators from this pathophysiologic pathway for their applicability as biomarkers for the identification of coronary heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Cornelis J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: Paul H A
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Quax
authors.forename: J Wouter
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jukema
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers