title: IL-10R blockade during chronic schistosomiasis mansoni results in the loss of B cells from the liver and the development of severe pulmonary disease.
abstract: In schistosomiasis patients, parasite eggs trapped in hepatic sinusoids become foci for CD4+ T cell-orchestrated granulomatous cellular infiltrates. Since the immune response is unable to clear the infection, the liver is subjected to ongoing cycles of focal inflammation and healing that lead to vascular obstruction and tissue fibrosis. This is mitigated by regulatory mechanisms that develop over time and which minimize the inflammatory response to newly deposited eggs. Exploring changes in the hepatic inflammatory infiltrate over time in infected mice, we found an accumulation of schistosome egg antigen-specific IgG1-secreting plasma cells during chronic infection. This population was significantly diminished by blockade of the receptor for IL-10, a cytokine implicated in plasma cell development. Strikingly, IL-10R blockade precipitated the development of portal hypertension and the accumulation of parasite eggs in the lungs and heart. This did not reflect more aggressive Th2 cell responsiveness, increased hepatic fibrosis, or the emergence of Th1 or Th17 responses. Rather, a role for antibody in the prevention of severe disease was suggested by the finding that pulmonary involvement was also apparent in mice unable to secrete class switched antibody. A major effect of anti-IL-10R treatment was the loss of a myeloid population that stained positively for surface IgG1, and which exhibited characteristics of regulatory/anti-inflammatory macrophages. This finding suggests that antibody may promote protective effects within the liver through local interactions with macrophages. In summary, our data describe a role for IL-10-dependent B cell responses in the regulation of tissue damage during a chronic helminth infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
authors.forename: Keke C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Fairfax
authors.forename: Eyal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amiel
authors.forename: Irah L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Tori C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohrs
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Pearce
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D008174:Lung Diseases, Parasitic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053701:Receptors, Interleukin-10 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D053701:Receptors, Interleukin-10; D016753:Interleukin-10