title: The upregulation of tumour necrosis factor-α and surface antigens expression on macrophages by bisphenol A-glycidyl-methacrylate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the expression of tumour necrosis factor-α and surface antigens by bisphenol A-glycidyl-methacrylate (BisGMA) on murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cytotoxicity was measured by tetrazolium bromide reduction assay. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α was analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell surface antigens were investigated by flowcytometry. Statistical analyses were performed using anova followed by the Bonferroni's t-test for multigroup comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BisGMA exhibited cytotoxicity to RAW264.7 in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05) during 2-h incubation period. BisGMA was found to increase TNF-α secretion in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). In addition, CD11, CD14, CD45, CD54, CD40, CD80, and MHC II were significantly stimulated by BisGMA in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). However, MHC I expression was not affected by BisGMA (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, the ability of macrophages to induce an appropriate immune response when exposed to BisGMA has the potential to upregulate TNF-α production and expression of surface antigens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, 110 Sec. 1 Chien-Kuo N. Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuan
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: F-M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate