title: Metabolic syndrome and colorectal cancer: the protective role of Mediterranean diet--a case-control study.
abstract: The effect of Mediterranean diet on colorectal cancer, in the presence of the metabolic syndrome, was evaluated in 250 patients with first developed cancer (63 ± 12 years, 59% males) and 250 age-gender-matched controls. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated with the modified-MedDietScore (theoretical range 0-75), while assessment of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) was based on the third Adult Treatment Panel ([ATP III] National Cholesterol Education Program) criteria. Presence of MetS (1.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 2.69), age (4.25, 95% CI 2.33, 7.77), smoking (1.85, 95% CI 1.27, 2.70), and family history of colorectal cancer (3.37, 95% CI 1.69, 6.75) had a detrimental effect, whereas adherence to the Mediterranean diet (0.88, 95% CI 0.84, 0.92) and body mass index (0.93, 95%CI 0.89, 0.98) had a protective role regarding colorectal cancer. Mediterranean diet had the same effect in relation to colorectal cancer, in both participants with (0.84, 95% CI 0.76, 0.93) and without MetS (0.89, 95% CI 0.85, 0.94).
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Niki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kontou
authors.forename: Theodora
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Psaltopoulou
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soupos
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Polychronopoulos
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xinopoulos
authors.forename: Athena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Linos
authors.forename: Demosthenes B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Panagiotakos
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology