Asian age-related macular degeneration phenotyping study: rationale, design and protocol of a prospective cohort study.
BACKGROUND
Current knowledge of the phenotypic characteristics (e.g. clinical features, risk factors, natural history and treatment response) of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Asians remains limited. This report summarizes the rationale and study design of a prospective observational study of Asian neovascular AMD, including polypoidal choroidovasculopathy variant.


METHODS
The Asian AMD phenotyping study is a prospective, observational clinical study of Asian patients with neovascular AMD or polypoidal choroidovasculopathy in three tertiary eye centres in Singapore.


METHODS
The study aims to recruit 500 consecutive patients from the retinal clinics of three tertiary eye centres in Singapore.


METHODS
Standardized examination procedures include interviews, a comprehensive eye examination, digital photography of the retina, fundus fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography and spectral domain optical coherence tomography using a standardized protocol. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses and stored for genetic and proteomic studies.


METHODS
The aim of the study was to build a comprehensive database of clinical, angiographic, functional and natural history data of Asian AMD over a 12-month follow-up period.


RESULTS
This article discusses the methodology and design of this prospective multi-centred study.


CONCLUSIONS
This study will provide in-depth longitudinal data of the evolution of clinical features, risk factors, natural history and treatment pattern and response of Asian AMD and polypoidal choroidovasculopathy, allowing unique insights into pathogenesis and the design of new treatment strategies.
Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore. gemmy.cheung.c.m@snec.com.sg
Chui Ming G
CM
Cheung
Mayuri
M
Bhargava
Augustinus
A
Laude
Adrian Ch
ACh
Koh
Li
L
Xiang
Doric
D
Wong
Thet
T
Niang
Tock Han
TH
Lim
Lingam
L
Gopal
Tien Y
TY
Wong
D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D010641:Phenotype; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012107:Research Design; D012307:Risk Factors; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence