Highly sensitive determination of cadmium and lead using a low-cost electrochemical flow-through cell based on a carbon paste electrode.
A low-cost thin-layer electrochemical flow-through cell based on a carbon paste electrode (CPE), was constructed for the highly sensitive determination of cadmium(II) (Cd(2+)) and lead(II) (Pb(2+)) ions. The sensitivity of the proposed cell for Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) ion detection was improved by using the smallest channel height without the need for any complicated electrode modification. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limits of Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) ions (0.08 and 0.07 µg dm(-3), respectively) were 13.8- and 11.4-fold lower than that of a commercial flow cell (1.1 and 0.8 µg dm(-3), respectively). Moreover, the percentage recoveries of Cd(2+) and Pb(2+) for the in-house designed thin-layer flow cell were higher than those for the commercially available cell in all tested water samples, and within the acceptable range. The proposed flow cell is promising as an inexpensive and alternative one for the highly sensitive monitoring of heavy metal ions.
Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Wanida
W
Wonsawat
Wijitar
W
Dungchai
Shoji
S
Motomizu
Suchada
S
Chuanuwatanakul
Orawon
O
Chailapakul
D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000191:economics* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D009824:Ointments; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
D060766:Drinking Water; D009824:Ointments; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D002244:Carbon; D001729:Bismuth