Long-term protective effect of surface sealants against erosive wear by intrinsic and extrinsic acids.
OBJECTIVE
To test sealants to prevent erosive tooth wear caused by extrinsic and intrinsic acids under long-term exposition.


METHODS
144 bovine enamel samples were randomly allocated to twelve groups (1-12). Samples of groups 1, 5 and 9 remained unsealed (positive controls), 2, 6 and 10 were sealed with Silicon Seal Nano Mix and 3, 7 and 11 with Seal&Protect. Groups 4, 8 and 12 were sealed with flowable composite (negative controls). Groups 1-4 were immersed in artificial saliva, 5-8 in hydrochloric acid and groups 9-12 in citric acid for 28 days, respectively. After 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 14, 21 and 28 days, solutions were renewed and enamel wear was quantified by assignation of (32)P in the solutions.


RESULTS
In all immersion solutions, lowest mineral loss was observed for the negative controls whilst highest loss was observed for unsealed positive controls. In artificial saliva and citric acid, the loss from samples sealed with Seal&Protect was not significantly different compared with negative controls whilst loss in groups sealed with Silicon Seal Nano Mix was significantly higher. In hydrochloric acid, loss from samples sealed with Seal&Protect was not different compared with that of negative controls up to 4 days. Except day 1, the mineral loss in the Seal&Protect group was significantly lower compared with that of the Silicon Seal Nano Mix group.


CONCLUSIONS
The tested resin based surface sealant is able to significantly reduce the erosive demineralisation of enamel caused by hydrochloric and citric acid even under long-term exposition.
Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. florian.wegehaupt@zzm.uzh.ch
Florian J
FJ
Wegehaupt
Tobias T
TT
Tauböck
Beatrice
B
Sener
Thomas
T
Attin
D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002124:Calcium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007101:Immersion; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000494:pharmacology; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000180:Acrylic Resins; D001031:Apatites; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D020011:Protective Agents; D019279:Resin Cements; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C442646:Seal and Protect resin cement; D012828:Silicones; D019343:Citric Acid; C006903:carbopol 940; C025105:fluorapatite; D002124:Calcium Fluoride; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid