Critical care management of severe traumatic brain injury in adults.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major medical and socio-economic problem, and is the leading cause of death in children and young adults. The critical care management of severe TBI is largely derived from the "Guidelines for the Management of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury" that have been published by the Brain Trauma Foundation. The main objectives are prevention and treatment of intracranial hypertension and secondary brain insults, preservation of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), and optimization of cerebral oxygenation. In this review, the critical care management of severe TBI will be discussed with focus on monitoring, avoidance and minimization of secondary brain insults, and optimization of cerebral oxygenation and CPP.
Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. haddads55@yahoo.com
Samir H
SH
Haddad
Yaseen M
YM
Arabi
D001463:Barbiturates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001831:Body Temperature; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D003422:Critical Care; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D017551:Microdialysis; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D018529:Nutritional Support; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010092:Oximetry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012151:Resuscitation; D012640:Seizures / Q000517:prevention & control; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control
D001463:Barbiturates; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D010100:Oxygen