Effects of ethanol-wet bonding technique on root dentine adhesion.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of ethanol-wet bonding on the adhesion of experimental hydrophobic and commercial hydrophilic adhesives to root dentine.


METHODS
A total of 43 single-rooted integrated human premolars were selected and sectioned. Of the 86 initially obtained specimens, 66 were randomly and equally divided into water-wet bonding and ethanol-wet bonding groups (n = 33). The specimens of each group were subdivided into three subgroups (n = 11) based on different adhesives: two experimental hydrophobic adhesives (Bis-GMA/TEGDMA, BT; and UDMA/TEGDMA, UT) and one commercial hydrophilic adhesive (Adper™ Single Bond 2, SB). The root surfaces were ground, acid-etched and rinsed and resin composite applied. After storing in distilled water for 24 h at 37°C, the shear bond strength (SBS) of each specimen was measured. A sample from each subgroup was randomly selected and prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The remaining 20 specimens were used in the contact angle (CA) experiment, and the values of CA were measured. SBS was analysed with two-way ANOVA/Tukey's multiple comparison test and CA with independent sample t test.


RESULTS
A significant increase in SBS to root dentine was observed in the ethanol-wet bonding group compared with the traditional water-wet bonding group. The experimental hydrophobic adhesives (UT group) with ethanol-wet bonding presented the highest SBS (22.44 ± 3.32 MPa). CA increased significantly after the dentine surfaces were dried, especially for the water-saturated group.


CONCLUSIONS
The adhesion to root dentine surfaces with ethanol-wet bonding may be superior to water-wet bonding.
Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
Shan Shan
SS
Duan
Xiao Bai
XB
Ouyang
Dan Dan
DD
Pei
Yong Hong
YH
Huo
Qiu Hua
QH
Pan
Cui
C
Huang
D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003890:Desiccation; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D017155:Wettability
C554641:Adper single bond 2; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C454540:Scotchbond etchant; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; C080508:poly(triethylene glycol dimethacrylate-1,6-bis(methacryloxy-2-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2,4,4-trimethylhexane) copolymer; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D000431:Ethanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate