Growth factor-associated graft-versus-host disease and mortality 10 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
This study analysed the effects of growth factor on outcome after haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) with >9 years follow-up. Of 1887 adult patients with acute leukaemia who received bone marrow from human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-identical siblings and were treated with myeloablative conditioning, 459 (24%) were treated with growth factor. Growth factor hastened engraftment of neutrophils (P < 0·0001), but reduced platelet counts (P = 0·0002). Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)-free survival (no acute GVHD grade II-IV or chronic GVHD) at 10 years was 12 ± 2% (±SE) in the growth factor group, as opposed to 17 ± 2% in the controls [hazard ratio (HR) 0·81, P = 0·001]. Similar differences in GVHD-free survival were seen in patients with or without conditioning with total body irradiation (TBI). Non-relapse mortality (NRM) was higher in the growth factor group irrespective of whether or not TBI conditioning was included [HR = 1·48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1·15-1·9; P = 0·002; HR = 1·59; 95% CI: 1·07-2·37; P = 0·02, respectively]. Both groups had similar probabilities of leukaemic relapse (HR = 0·96; 95% CI: 0·78-1·18; P = 0·71). Leukaemia-free survival (LFS) at 10 years was 35 ± 2% in those receiving growth factor prophylaxis, as opposed to 44 ± 1% in the controls (HR = 0·70; 95% CI: 0·60-0·82; P = 0·00001). Prophylaxis with growth factor increases the risk of GVHD, does not affect relapse, increases NRM and reduces LFS > 10 years after HSCT, regardless of conditioning with TBI.
Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation and Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. olle.ringden@ki.se
Olle
O
Ringdén
Myriam
M
Labopin
Norbert-Claude
NC
Gorin
Liisa
L
Volin
Giovanni F
GF
Torelli
Michel
M
Attal
Jean P
JP
Jouet
Noel
N
Milpied
Gerard
G
Socié
Catherine
C
Cordonnier
Mauricette
M
Michallet
Arturo I
AI
Atienza
Olivier
O
Hermine
Mohamad
M
Mohty
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000401:mortality*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins