[Guidelines for specialized nutritional and metabolic support in the critically-ill patient. Update. Consensus of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units-Spanish Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (SEMICYUC-SENPE): respiratory failure].
Severe acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation is one of the most frequent reasons for admission to the intensive care unit. Among the most frequent causes for admission are exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory failure with acute lung injury (ALI) or with criteria of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). These patients have a high risk of malnutrition due to the underlying disease, their altered catabolism and the use of mechanical ventilation. Consequently, nutritional evaluation and the use of specialized nutritional support are required. This support should alleviate the catabolic effects of the disease, avoid calorie overload and, in selected patients, to use omega-3 fatty acid- and antioxidant-enriched diets, which could improve outcome.
Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España. teograu2@terra.es
T
T
Grau Carmona
J
J
López Martínez
B
B
Vila García
D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000150:complications; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D008660:Metabolism; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012955:Societies, Medical / Q000592:standards*; D012958:Societies, Scientific / Q000592:standards*; D013030:Spain
D000975:Antioxidants; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3