Memory B cells in the lung participate in protective humoral immune responses to pulmonary influenza virus reinfection.
After pulmonary virus infection, virus-binding B cells ectopically accumulate in the lung. However, their contribution to protective immunity against reinfecting viruses remains unknown. Here, we show the phenotypes and protective functions of virus-binding memory B cells that persist in the lung following pulmonary infection with influenza virus. A fraction of virus-binding B-cell population in the lung expressed surface markers for splenic mature memory B cells (CD73, CD80, and CD273) along with CD69 and CXCR3 that are up-regulated on lung effector/memory T cells. The lung B-cell population with memory phenotype persisted for more than 5 mo after infection, and on reinfection promptly differentiated into plasma cells that produced virus-neutralizing antibodies locally. This production of local IgG and IgA neutralizing antibody was correlated with reduced virus spread in adapted hosts. Our data demonstrates that infected lungs harbor a memory B-cell subset with distinctive phenotype and ability to provide protection against pulmonary virus reinfection.
Department of Immunology,  National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640,  Japan.
Taishi
T
Onodera
Yoshimasa
Y
Takahashi
Yusuke
Y
Yokoi
Manabu
M
Ato
Yuichi
Y
Kodama
Satoshi
S
Hachimura
Tomohiro
T
Kurosaki
Kazuo
K
Kobayashi
D000917:Antibody Formation; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G