Novel biomarkers in cardiovascular disease: research tools or ready for personalized medicine?
In recent years, a wide range of novel biomarkers have been evaluated for different cardiovascular disease states (eg, ischemia, congestion, and physiological stress), and many have shown promising results for the prediction of cardiovascular end points. However, to become useful for clinicians and to allow for personalized medicine, each novel biomarker must fulfill 3 fundamental criteria: (1) it must be easy to measure; (2) it must provide new information; and (3) it must help the clinician to manage patients. Although many biomarkers may be useful for prognostication, very few have been shown to improve the treatment of patients with cardiovascular disease when implemented in a clinical setting.
Herz-Zentrum Bad Krozingen, Südring 15, Bad Krozingen, Germany
Christian
C
Stratz
Michael
M
Amann
David D
DD
Berg
David A
DA
Morrow
Franz-Josef
FJ
Neumann
Willibald
W
Hochholzer
D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D035843:Biomedical Research; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D055436:Growth Differentiation Factor 15 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D057285:Precision Medicine; D011379:Prognosis; D014336:Troponin / Q000378:metabolism; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; C526140:GDF15 protein, human; D006020:Glycopeptides; D055436:Growth Differentiation Factor 15; D014336:Troponin; C048197:copeptins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D009195:Peroxidase; C501162:FLT1 protein, human; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1