Granular cell tumor presenting as a tongue nodule: two case reports.
BACKGROUND
Granular cell tumor is an uncommon neoplasm that can occur in any part of the body, including the orofacial region. The tumor is usually benign, but there are reports of cases in which the tumor shows a locally aggressive behavior, malignancy, and distant metastases. The most widely accepted hypothesis is that granular cell tumor arises from the altered metabolism of Schwann cells. The tumor is typically asymptomatic and appears as a nodule that does not exceed 3 cm.


METHODS
In case 1, a 26-year-old Caucasian man was seen at the Oral Medicine out-patient clinic of the São José dos Campos Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista, with a 'small blister on the tongue', which he had noted approximately three years ago. The nodule was located on the dorsum of the tongue, measured about 1.5 cm in diameter, and was not tender to palpation. Treatment consisted of an excisional biopsy performed on the basis of the diagnostic hypothesis of granular cell tumor, which was confirmed by microscopic analysis. In case 2, a 31-year-old Caucasian woman attended the out-patient clinic of the São José dos Campos Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista, with a five-year history of a 'painful lump on the tongue'. Intra-oral examination revealed the presence of a nodular lesion measuring approximately 0.8 cm in diameter, which was located deep in the submucosa of the right lateral margin of the tongue. Treatment consisted of an excisional biopsy performed on the basis of the differential diagnosis of neurofibroma and granular cell tumor. Microscopic analysis defined the final diagnosis of granular cell tumor.


CONCLUSIONS
Granular cell tumor is an uncommon tumor that must be carefully diagnosed and treated correctly.
Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São José dos Campos Dental School, São José dos Campos, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil. janete@fosjc.unesp.br.
Nivea Cristina
NC
Sena Costa
Fernanda
F
Bertini
Yasmin Rodarte
YR
Carvalho
Janete Dias
JD
Almeida
Ana Sueli
AS
Rodrigues Cavalcante