Complex phytohormone responses during the cold acclimation of two wheat cultivars differing in cold tolerance, winter Samanta and spring Sandra.
Hormonal changes accompanying the cold stress (4°C) response that are related to the level of frost tolerance (FT; measured as LT50) and the content of the most abundant dehydrin, WCS120, were compared in the leaves and crowns of the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Samanta and the spring wheat cv. Sandra. The characteristic feature of the alarm phase (1 day) response was a rapid elevation of abscisic acid (ABA) and an increase of protective proteins (dehydrin WCS120). This response was faster and stronger in winter wheat, where it coincided with the downregulation of bioactive cytokinins and auxin as well as enhanced deactivation of gibberellins, indicating rapid suppression of growth. Next, the ethylene precursor aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid was quickly upregulated. After 3-7 days of cold exposure, plant adaptation to the low temperature was correlated with a decrease in ABA and elevation of growth-promoting hormones (cytokinins, auxin and gibberellins). The content of other stress hormones, i.e., salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, also began to increase. After prolonged cold exposure (21 days), a resistance phase occurred. The winter cultivar exhibited substantially enhanced FT, which was associated with a decline in bioactive cytokinins and auxin. The inability of the spring cultivar to further increase its FT was correlated with maintenance of a relatively higher cytokinin and auxin content, which was achieved during the acclimation period.
Crop Research Institute, Drnovska Str. 507, Prague, CZ-161 06, Czech Republic.
Klára
K
Kosová
Ilja Tom
IT
Prášil
Pavel
P
Vítámvás
Petre
P
Dobrev
Václav
V
Motyka
Kristýna
K
Floková
Ondřej
O
Novák
Veronika
V
Turečková
Jakub
J
Rolčik
Bedřich
B
Pešek
Alena
A
Trávničková
Alena
A
Gaudinová
Gabor
G
Galiba
Tibor
T
Janda
Eva
E
Vlasáková
Pavla
P
Prášilová
Radomíra
R
Vanková
D000064:Acclimatization; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005615:Freezing; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012621:Seasons; D014908:Triticum / Q000502:physiology*
D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; C070556:dehydrin proteins, plant; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C019984:cytokinin oxidase