The effects of a 3-week training on basal biomarkers in professional soccer players during the preseason preparation period.
OBJECTIVE
The present study aimed at investigating the effect of a 3-week training on biomarkers in professional soccer players during the preseason preparation-period.


METHODS
Eight participants (age 22.5±2.2 yrs) were enrolled in the study. During the physical preparation period players have attended a training program (51.9 hours) formulated by coaches of "Equipe-Sicilia-2009".


RESULTS
At rest, the lipid profile, the creatine kinase (CK), the lactic-acid dehydrogenase (LDH) and the expression of nuclear receptors peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR α/γ) were analyzed before starting and after 3 weeks of training. The plasma level of CK in our samples showed great variability already in the baseline: value was on average nearly 500 IU/l showed that a large amount of these athletes were a high responders. This biomarker showed a reduction (P<0.01) after 3 weeks of training. No modifications were found in the LDH plasma level, in the lipid profile and in the expression of mRNA of PPAR α/γ and also no significant person's correlations were found among variables.


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, we retain that those basal biomarkers, except CK, are not able to assist coaches to better understand training adaptations and overreaching mechanisms during a 3-week of preseason preparation-period. More studies are necessary to confirm these results.
Department of Sports and Exercise Science (DISMOT), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
P
P
Proia
A
A
Bianco
G
G
Schiera
P
P
Saladino
F
F
Pomara
M
M
Petrucci
M
M
Traina
A
A
Palma
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood*; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D047493:PPAR alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D003402:Creatine Kinase