Expression, tissue localization and synergy of antimicrobial peptides and proteins in the immune response of the oyster Crassostrea gigas.
Diverse families of antimicrobial peptides and proteins have been described in oysters. We investigated here how antimicrobials are involved in the immune response against a pathogenic strain of Vibrio splendidus. Oyster antimicrobials were shown to display a wide variety of expression profiles in hemocyte populations and tissues. Oyster defensins are constitutively expressed in specific tissues such as mantle (Cg-Defm) or hemocytes (Cg-Defhs), while Cg-BPI is inducible and Cg-Prp appears down-regulated in hemocytes upon infection. The migratory behavior of hemocytes that express the different antimicrobials was found to be involved in the oyster response to a pathogenic Vibrio infection. Indeed, it contributes to colocalize several antimicrobials that were shown here to have synergistic activities. We propose that such a synergy, which was evidenced both within and between families of antimicrobials, might compensate for the low concentration of antimicrobials in oyster tissues.
Ifremer, UMR5119 Écologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
Paulina
P
Schmitt
Julien
J
de Lorgeril
Yannick
Y
Gueguen
Delphine
D
Destoumieux-Garzón
Evelyne
E
Bachère
D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D023082:Defensins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D055232:Proline-Rich Protein Domains; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014733:Vibrio
D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D001798:Blood Proteins; D023082:Defensins; C021623:bactericidal permeability increasing protein