Ultra-short course of low-dose amiodarone-induced post-operative fatal pulmonary toxicity.
A 58-year-old male diabetic patient with severe left ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension successfully underwent coronary artery by pass grafting (CABG) and was extubated 48 hours after surgery. Patient had atrial fibrillation on 3rd post-operative day requiring loading dose of amiodarone followed by maintenance dose to control the arrhythmia. On 4th post operative day patient became tachypnoiec and required higher concentration of oxygen to maintain SpO2 >90%. There was new infiltrates on the x-ray, which was more on right side. Initially treated as pulmonary infection and antifailure measures. The patient did not respond and the lesions progressed to opaque hemithorax by the 10th postoperative day. On 11th POD he was reintubated due to respiratory distress. After excluding pulmonary infections, pulmonary oedema, embolism and vascular obstruction, the possibility of drug induced pulmonary toxicity was considered. Hence amiodarone was withdrawn and steroid was initiated. There was good radiological and gas exchange improvement and he was extubated the following day. After one week course of steroids the infiltrates cleared and oxygenation also improved. Post CABG patients are prone for acute amiodarone toxicity and high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose this early so that fatal complication can be averted by timely intervention.
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Elamakkara P.O. Kochi 682026, Kerala.
Darsana
D
Viswam
Suresh G
SG
Nair
Varun
V
Patel
Nagaraj
D000638:Amiodarone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000139:chemically induced; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000638:Amiodarone