Nonmedication smoking reduction program for inpatients with chronic schizophrenia: a randomized control design study.
People with schizophrenia are more likely to smoke, and to smoke more frequently, than those without schizophrenia. Furthermore, inpatients smoke even more frequently compared with those living in the community. In light of this, we implemented and assessed a smoking reduction intervention using a wide array of behavioral group techniques and methods in chronic hospitalized schizophrenic clients. Using a controlled design, we randomly assigned chronic schizophrenic clients to either a five-session smoking reduction intervention (n = 35) or a waiting list (WL; n = 18). We assessed self-reported smoking behavior, clinical status (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; Clinical Global Impression Scale for Psychosis), subjective quality of life (Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-abbreviated version), and weight before and 3 months after the intervention. The intervention successfully reduced the number of cigarettes smoked compared with nonintervention. No clinical worsening or weight gain was observed. Behavioral group-oriented smoking reduction interventions can significantly reduce smoking behavior in hospitalized chronic clients with schizophrenia.
Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. emgelkopf@013.net.il
Marc
M
Gelkopf
Sigalit
S
Noam
Dimitri
D
Rudinski
Arturo
A
Lerner
Pnina
P
Behrbalk
Avi
A
Bleich
Yuval
Y
Melamed
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000628:therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult