Dynamics of DNA methylation in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Gene expression is modulated by epigenetic factors that come in varying forms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs. Recent studies reveal that these epigenetic marks are important regulatory factors in brain function. In particular, DNA methylation dynamics are found to be essential components of epigenetic regulation in the mammalian central nervous system. In this review, we provide an overview of the literature on DNA methylation in neurodegenerative diseases, with a special focus on methylation of 5-position of cytosine base (5mC) and hydroxymethylation of 5-position of cytosine base (5hmC) in the context of neurodegeneration associated with aging and Alzheimer's disease.
Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Hasan A
HA
Irier
Peng
P
Jin
D044503:5-Methylcytosine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000235:genetics
C011865:5-hydroxymethylcytosine; D044503:5-Methylcytosine; D003596:Cytosine; D004247:DNA