Laparoendoscopic single-site and conventional laparoscopic radical nephrectomy result in equivalent surgical trauma: preliminary results of a single-centre retrospective controlled study.
BACKGROUND
Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) has been developed in an attempt to further reduce the morbidity and scarring associated with surgical intervention, and it has been proposed to result in less induced surgical trauma than conventional laparoscopy.


OBJECTIVE
Investigate the surgical trauma after LESS radical nephrectomy (LESS-RN) and laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN).


METHODS
This was a retrospective single-centre study including 66 patients: 31 patients underwent LESS-RN and 35 historical control patients who had undergone LRN. LRNs were performed between April 2008 and May 2009; LESS-RNs were performed between May 2009 and February 2011.


METHODS
LESS-RN and LRN were both performed via a transperitoneal access. Blood samples were collected pre- and intraoperatively at 6, 24, and 48h, and at 5 d postoperatively.


METHODS
Serum concentrations of acute-phase markers, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA) antibody, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were measured at each time point by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical data were collected by reviewing the patient's records.


CONCLUSIONS
There were no differences in serum CRP and SAA levels between the groups (CRP: p=0.12; SAA: p=0.09) at all time points. The changes in IL-6 levels in the LRN group were statistically significantly higher compared with the LESS-RN group at 6h after surgery (p=0.02), whereas the LESS-RN group showed statistically significantly higher IL-6 levels than the LRN group at 24h after surgery (p=0.02). Also, the serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 showed different kinetics in each group, being higher in the LESS-RN during the early postoperative phase (at 6h: p=0.01) and higher in the LRN group at 48h after surgery (p=0.01). The limitations of this study were its nonrandomized character and the small cohort of patients.


CONCLUSIONS
LESS-RN is as effective as LRN without compromising surgical and postoperative outcomes, but it does not add any significant advantage in comparison with traditional LRN in terms of systemic stress response and surgical trauma.
Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Martin-Luther-University, Halle/Saale, Germany. francesco.greco@medizin.uni-halle.de
Francesco
F
Greco
M Raschid
MR
Hoda
Nasreldin
N
Mohammed
Christopher
C
Springer
Kersten
K
Fischer
Paolo
P
Fornara
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000032:analysis; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D016896:Treatment Outcome
C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002097:C-Reactive Protein