Hainanenins: a novel family of antimicrobial peptides with strong activity from Hainan cascade-frog, Amolops hainanensis.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) secreted by amphibian skin represent an important innate immune defense strategy. There are more than 340 species in the family of Ranidae worldwidely, and from which nearly 100 families of AMPs comprising between 8 and 48 amino acid (aa) residues have been characterized. In current work, two novel AMPs were purified from the skin secretion of Hainan cascade-frog, Amolops hainanensis, and 31 cDNA sequences encoding 10 novel AMPs belonging to 4 families were cloned from the constructed skin cDNA library of A. hainanensis. Among these 10 AMPs, 5 peptides represent the prototypes of a novel amphibian AMP family. According to the generic name of the species of origin, they were designated as hainanenin-1-5. Each of them consists of 21 aa residues with a C-terminal disulphide loop of 7 residues between Cys(15) and Cys(21). Two of them (hainanenin-1 and 5) were then synthesized and their in vitro activities were screened, including antimicrobial, hemolytic and antioxidant activities. The results showed that hainanenin-1 and 5 possessed strong and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi, including a large number of clinically isolated drug-resistant pathogenic microorganisms, and slight antioxidant activity. Undesirably, hainanenin-1 and 5 exhibited strong hemolytic activity on human erythrocytes. The discovery of hainanenins and their great antimicrobial potency provides new templates for anti-infective agent design.
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China.
Songyan
S
Zhang
Huanhuan
H
Guo
Fei
F
Shi
Hui
H
Wang
Lili
L
Li
Xudong
X
Jiao
Yipeng
Y
Wang
Haining
H
Yu
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D029845:Amphibian Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D053878:Hemolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011898:Ranidae; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
D029845:Amphibian Proteins; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D053878:Hemolytic Agents; D011498:Protein Precursors