Cellular FLICE-like inhibitory proteins (c-FLIPs): fine-tuners of life and death decisions.
c-FLIP proteins (isoforms: c-FLIP(L), c-FLIP(S), and c-FLIP(R)) play an essential role in the regulation of death receptor (DR)-induced apoptosis and NF-κB activation. Here, we discuss multiple mechanisms by which c-FLIPs control NF-κB activation and the life/death decision made in cancer and immune cells. We focus on the role of c-FLIP in cellular signaling. We concentrate on c-FLIP protein modifications as well as on the regulation of c-FLIP expression levels. Furthermore, we discuss in detail how the exact quantity and dynamics of different c-FLIP isoforms in the cell influence the induction of pro- versus anti-apoptotic pathways.
Division of Immunogenetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Selcen
S
Oztürk
Kolja
K
Schleich
Inna N
IN
Lavrik
D017209:Apoptosis; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D015398:Signal Transduction
D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D016328:NF-kappa B; D020033:Protein Isoforms