Parental knowledge of fecal incontinence in children.
OBJECTIVE
Fecal incontinence (FI) is a common and stressful symptom of constipation in children. Recurrent FI causes psychological and physiological changes, complicating treatment as symptom duration progresses; however, parental misconceptions about the causes of FI may delay seeking medical care. The aim of the present study was to assess parental knowledge about FI and determine how this relates to the care and treatment of FI.


METHODS
A questionnaire was developed from qualitative interviews and clinician input. The questionnaire was administered to 251 parents and tested for reliability and validity. Subscales were compared between parents who did and did not consult a clinician. In addition, 30 parents completed the questionnaire before and after consultation with a pediatric gastroenterologist and after 2 months of treatment.


RESULTS
Two subscales were identified with good psychometric properties: "Blame and Punish" and "Worry and Help." Families who consulted a physician for their child's FI acknowledged the role of constipation and scored higher on Worry and Help (mean 36.4 vs mean 46.9; P < 0.0001). Trends were found for Blame and Punish to decrease after consultation with a pediatric gastroenterologist (mean 1.7 vs 1.5; P = 0.08) and after 2 months of treatment (mean 1.5; P = 0.08).


CONCLUSIONS
Parental knowledge about FI changes with physician consultation. These findings can help in developing educational materials for parents to encourage early diagnosis and treatment and prevent chronic problems that are difficult to manage.
University of North Carolina, Center for Functional GI and Motility Disorders, Chapel Hill, 27599, USA. Tilburg@med.unc.edu
Miranda A L
MA
van Tilburg
Megan
M
Squires
Nanette
N
Blois-Martin
Cathy
C
Williams
Marc A
MA
Benninga
Babette
B
Peeters
Martin
M
Ulshen
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003248:Constipation / Q000150:complications*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005762:Gastroenterology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires