Effect of enzymatic treatment of different starch sources on the in vitro rate and extent of starch digestion.
Gelatinized wheat, potato and waxy maize starches were treated enzymatically in order to increase the degree of branching of the amylopectin fraction and thereby change the starch degradation profile towards a higher proportion of slowly digestible starch (SDS). The materials were characterized by single-pulse (1)H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy and in vitro digestion profile according to the Englyst procedure. Using various concentrations and incubation times with branching enzyme (EC 2.4.1.18) without or with additional treatment with the hydrolytic enzymes; β-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2), α-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20), or amyloglucosidase (EC 3.2.1.3) the proportion of α-(1-6) linkages was increased by up to a factor of 4.1, 5 and 5.8 in waxy maize, wheat and potato starches, respectively. The proportion of SDS was significantly increased when using hydrolytic enzymes after treatment with branching enzyme but it was only for waxy maize that the proportion of α-(1-6) bonds and the in vitro digestion profile was significantly correlated.
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, Tjele 8830, Denmark.
Mirosław Marek
MM
Kasprzak
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, Tjele 8830, Denmark.
Helle Nygaard
HN
Lærke
Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark.
Flemming
F
Hofmann Larsen
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, Tjele 8830, Denmark.
Knud Erik
KE
Bach Knudsen
Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, Bagsværd DK-2880, Denmark.
Sven
S
Pedersen
Novozymes A/S, Krogshøjvej 36, Bagsværd DK-2880, Denmark.
Anne Skov
AS
Jørgensen
D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000378:metabolism; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism; D001614:beta-Amylase / Q000378:metabolism
D013213:Starch; D001614:beta-Amylase; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase