The potential impact of physical activity during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
BACKGROUND
Pregnancy is a critical period of body weight regulation. Maternal obesity and excessive gestational weight gain have become increasingly common and contribute to poor obstetrical outcomes for mother and baby. Regular participation in physical activity may improve risk profiles in pregnant women.


OBJECTIVE
Our objectives were to provide an overview of maternal-fetal exercise physiology, summarize current evidence on the effects of physical activity during pregnancy on maternal-fetal outcomes, and review the most recent clinical practice guidelines. In addition, we summarize the findings in the context of the current obesity epidemic and discuss implications for clinical practice. A literature review was completed in which we queried OVID (Medline), EMBASE, and PSYCHINFO databases with title words "exercise or physical activity" and "pregnancy or gestation" from 1950 to March 1, 2010. A total of 212 articles were selected for review.


CONCLUSIONS
Care providers should recommend physical activity to most pregnant women (i.e., those without contraindications) and view participation as a safe and beneficial component of a healthy pregnancy.


BACKGROUND
Obstetricians & Gynecologists and Family Physicians.


OBJECTIVE
After participating in this CME activity, physicians should be better able to classify the potential impact of physical activity on maternal glycemic control and fetal growth outcomes. Assess maternal lifestyle and provide recommendations on appropriate gestational weight gain, evaluate pregnant women for contraindications to physical activity participation, make individualized recommendations for exercise participation, and educate patients on the merits of physical activity for health benefit.
Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Human Kinetics, Ontario, Canada.
Zachary M
ZM
Ferraro
Laura
L
Gaudet
Kristi B
KB
Adamo
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D000075202:Contraindications; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D015431:Weight Loss
D001786:Blood Glucose