Cadmium affects toxicokinetics of pyrene in the collembolan Folsomia candida.
Since toxicity is time dependent, short-term toxicity tests may overlook mixture effects, because chemical accumulation within an organism takes time. We therefore studied the effects of cadmium on the toxicokinetics of pyrene and its metabolites in the soil-dwelling collembolan Folsomia candida exposed through Lufa 2.2 soil. Single pyrene was rapidly taken up and steady state was reached within the 337-h exposure period. Simultaneous exposure to cadmium significantly decreased the pyrene uptake and elimination rate, resulting in a prolonged half life. Kinetics of the first phase metabolite OH-pyrene was also significantly influenced by cadmium. Cadmium increased the hydroxylation rate of pyrene but slowed down its further metabolization, again resulting in a prolonged half life. We showed that pyrene accumulation and metabolization are significantly influenced by the presence of cadmium. Our results suggest that mixture effects may be dependent on exposure time.
Department of Animal Ecology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. miekebio@gmail.com
Mieke
M
Broerse
Hilde
H
Oorsprong
Cornelis A M
CA
van Gestel
D000818:Animals; D001181:Arthropods / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D018675:Toxicity Tests
D011721:Pyrenes; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C030984:pyrene; D019256:Cadmium Chloride