Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory and antioxidative activities and functional characterization of protein hydrolysates of hard-to-cook chickpeas.
BACKGROUND
The potential use of hard-to-cook (hardened) chickpeas to obtain value-added functional food ingredients was evaluated. For that purpose, some nutraceutical and functional attributes of several chickpea protein hydrolysates (CPHs) prepared from both fresh and hard-to-cook grains were evaluated.


RESULTS
All the CPHs prepared from both fresh and hard-to-cook grains, with the enzymes alcalase, pancreatin and papain, showed high angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 0.101 to 37.33 µg mL⁻¹; similarly, high levels of antioxidant activity (around 18.17-95.61 µmol Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity µg⁻¹ CPH) were obtained through both the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) methods. Regarding functional characterization of the CPHs, oil absorption values ranged from 1.91 to 2.20 mL oil g⁻¹ CPH, with water solubility almost 100% from pH 7 to 10.


CONCLUSIONS
The high antioxidant and ACE-I activities as well as the good functional properties of the CPH prepared from both fresh and hard-to-cook grains, suggest its use in food formulations with value added in human health.
Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional-Unidad Sinaloa del IPN, Guasave, Sinaloa, 81101, Mexico.
Sergio
S
Medina-Godoy
Dulce L
DL
Ambriz-Pérez
Cindy I
CI
Fuentes-Gutiérrez
Lourdes J
LJ
Germán-Báez
Roberto
R
Gutiérrez-Dorado
Cuauhtémoc
C
Reyes-Moreno
Angel
A
Valdez-Ortiz
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D029863:Cicer / Q000737:chemistry*; D003296:Cooking; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D055951:Functional Food; D006801:Humans; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism*; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004798:Enzymes; D010851:Picrates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D013844:Thiazoles; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A