Effect of the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole on the gastrointestinal bacterial microbiota of healthy dogs.
The effect of a proton pump inhibitor on gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota was evaluated. Eight healthy 9-month-old dogs (four males and four females) received omeprazole (1.1 mg kg(-1) ) orally twice a day for 15 days. Fecal samples and endoscopic biopsies from the stomach and duodenum were obtained on days 30 and 15 before omeprazole administration, on day 15 (last day of administration), and 15 days after administration. The microbiota was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene 454-pyrosequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and qPCR. In the stomach, pyrosequencing revealed a decrease in Helicobacter spp. during omeprazole (median 92% of sequences during administration compared to > 98% before and after administration; P = 0.0336), which was accompanied by higher proportions of Firmicutes and Fusobacteria. FISH confirmed this decrease in gastric Helicobacter (P < 0.0001) and showed an increase in total bacteria in the duodenum (P = 0.0033) during omeprazole. However, Unifrac analysis showed that omeprazole administration did not significantly alter the overall phylogenetic composition of the gastric and duodenal microbiota. In feces, qPCR showed an increase in Lactobacillus spp. during omeprazole (P < 0.0001), which was accompanied by a lower abundance of Faecalibacterium spp. and Bacteroides-Prevotella-Porphyromonas in the male dogs. This study suggests that omeprazole administration leads to quantitative changes in GI microbiota of healthy dogs.
Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Jose F
JF
Garcia-Mazcorro
Jan S
JS
Suchodolski
Katherine R
KR
Jones
Stuart C
SC
Clark-Price
Scot E
SE
Dowd
Yasushi
Y
Minamoto
Melissa
M
Markel
Jörg M
JM
Steiner
Olivier
O
Dossin
D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004285:Dogs; D004386:Duodenum / Q000382:microbiology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D054892:Metagenome; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013270:Stomach / Q000382:microbiology*
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D009853:Omeprazole