Assessment of herbicide sorption by biochars and organic matter associated with soil and sediment.
Sorption of two herbicides, fluridone (FLUN) and norflurazon (NORO), by two types of biochars, whole sediment, and various soil/sediment organic matter (OM) fractions including nonhydrolyzable carbon (NHC), black carbon (BC) and humic acid (HA) was examined. The single-point organic carbon (OC)-normalized distribution coefficients (K(OC)) of FLUN and NORO at low solution concentration (C(e)=0.01S(W), solubility) for HA, NHC, and BC were about 3, 14, and 24 times and 3, 16, and 36 times larger than their bulk sediments, respectively, indicating the importance of different OM fractions in herbicide sorption. This study revealed that aliphatic moieties of the hydrothermal biochars and aromatic moieties of NHC samples, respectively, were possibly responsible for herbicide sorption. The hydrothermal biochar and condensed OM (i.e., NHC and BC) showed relatively high or similar herbicide sorption efficiency compared to the thermal biochar, suggesting that the hydrothermal biochar may serve as an amendment for minimizing off-site herbicide movement.
State Key Laboratory of Water Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Ke
K
Sun
Bo
B
Gao
Kyoung S
KS
Ro
Jeff M
JM
Novak
Ziying
Z
Wang
Stephen
S
Herbert
Baoshan
B
Xing
D000327:Adsorption; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011728:Pyridones / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*
D006540:Herbicides; D011724:Pyridazines; D011728:Pyridones; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C540010:biochar; D002606:Charcoal; C013351:fluridone; C008677:norflurazone