Resistin in gingival crevicular fluid and induction of resistin release by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide in human neutrophils.
OBJECTIVE
Resistin is an adipocytokine that induces insulin resistance and is predominantly expressed in adipocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Resistin expression increases in inflammatory diseases as well as diabetes mellitus, and is upregulated by bacterial pathogens and proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to identify resistin in human gingival crevicular fluid, to compare the resistin levels in gingival crevicular fluid between subjects with and without periodontitis and diabetes mellitus and to investigate the regulation of resistin release from human neutrophils by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P-LPS).


METHODS
Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from patients with chronic periodontitis (n = 24), patients with diabetes mellitus-related periodontitis (n = 18) and healthy subjects (n = 21). Resistin in gingival crevicular fluid was determined using western blot analysis and an ELISA kit. The glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) value was obtained from patients with diabetes mellitus-related periodontitis by a medical interview. Human neutrophils were cultured with P-LPS (0-1000 ng/mL), or incubated with inhibitors of actin or microtubule polymerization in the absence or presence of P-LPS. The medium and cellular fractions were used for determination of resistin by ELISA.


RESULTS
The resistin level in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with periodontitis or diabetes mellitus-related periodontitis was significantly higher than that of healthy subjects. The resistin level in gingival crevicular fluid was correlated with gingival index score, but not blood HbA(1c) value. The P-LPS increased resistin release from human neutrophils, and its induction was decreased by actin polymerization inhibitors.


CONCLUSIONS
We show, for the first time, the presence of resistin in gingival crevicular fluid. A high resistin level in gingival crevicular fluid samples from periodontitis patients may to some extent be related to P-LPS-induced resistin release from neutrophils.
Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
Y
Y
Hiroshima
M
M
Bando
Y
Y
Inagaki
C
C
Mihara
M
M
Kataoka
H
H
Murata
Y
Y
Shinohara
T
T
Nagata
J
J
Kido
D051344:Actin Capping Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D003078:Colchicine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003571:Cytochalasin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D015638:Cytochalasin D / Q000494:pharmacology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015739:Nocodazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D052243:Resistin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D050257:Tubulin Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology
D051344:Actin Capping Proteins; D003078:Colchicine; D003571:Cytochalasin B; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D015739:Nocodazole; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D052243:Resistin; D050257:Tubulin Modulators; C499624:RETN protein, human