Efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide in preterm neonates.
Over the past 20 years, the recognition of nitric oxide (NO) as an endothelial-derived vasodilator has led to remarkable advances in vascular biology awareness. The signaling molecule NO, produced by NO synthase, is a molecule that is widespread in the body and important in multiple organ systems. Soon after its discovery, investigators found NO to be a potent pulmonary vasodilator in term neonates. Nitric oxide has come to perform a key function in neonatal therapy and management since its identification, especially in those with respiratory failure. It is conventionally used in the neonatal population for the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension, resulting in hypoxic respiratory failure of the term or near-term newborn. Inhaled NO has been successful in acutely improving oxygenation and in reducing the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment. In recent years, the efficacy of inhaled NO for the prevention of pulmonary disability as well as its neuroprotective capabilities in preterm infants has been explored.
Duke University School of Nursing, Duke University Health System, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. lauren.love@duke.edu
Lauren E
LE
Love
Wanda T
WT
Bradshaw
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000592:standards; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000592:standards; D010547:Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide