Eradication of metastatic renal cell carcinoma after adenovirus-encoded TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/CpG immunotherapy.
Despite evidence that antitumor immunity can be protective against renal cell carcinoma (RCC), few patients respond objectively to immunotherapy and the disease is fatal once metastases develop. We asked to what extent combinatorial immunotherapy with Adenovirus-encoded murine TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Ad5mTRAIL) plus CpG oligonucleotide, given at the primary tumor site, would prove efficacious against metastatic murine RCC. To quantitate primary renal and metastatic tumor growth in mice, we developed a luciferase-expressing Renca cell line, and monitored tumor burdens via bioluminescent imaging. Orthotopic tumor challenge gave rise to aggressive primary tumors and lung metastases that were detectable by day 7. Intra-renal administration of Ad5mTRAIL+CpG on day 7 led to an influx of effector phenotype CD4 and CD8 T cells into the kidney by day 12 and regression of established primary renal tumors. Intra-renal immunotherapy also led to systemic immune responses characterized by splenomegaly, elevated serum IgG levels, increased CD4 and CD8 T cell infiltration into the lungs, and elimination of metastatic lung tumors. Tumor regression was primarily dependent upon CD8 T cells and resulted in prolonged survival of treated mice. Thus, local administration of Ad5mTRAIL+CpG at the primary tumor site can initiate CD8-dependent systemic immunity that is sufficient to cause regression of metastatic lung tumors. A similar approach may prove beneficial for patients with metastatic RCC.
Department of Urology, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
Lyse A
LA
Norian
Timothy P
TP
Kresowik
Henry M
HM
Rosevear
Britnie R
BR
James
Timothy R
TR
Rosean
Andrew J
AJ
Lightfoot
Tamara A
TA
Kucaba
Christopher
C
Schwarz
Christine J
CJ
Weydert
Michael D
MD
Henry
Thomas S
TS
Griffith
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000235:genetics*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000235:genetics*
D016827:CD8 Antigens; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand