Rehmannia glutinosa suppresses inflammatory responses elicited by advanced glycation end products.
Fresh rhizome of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (Saeng-jihwang in Korean: SJH) has been prescribed for the treatment of diabetes-associated complications. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the efficacy of SJH in diabetes-related complications. Decoction was obtained after boiling SJH in water and subsequent lyophilization. The cellular toxicity of SJH was determined by MTT assay. The antioxidant activity of SJH was measured by DPPH and DCFH-DA assays. The effects of SJH on inflammatory responses elicited by AGEs were assessed by western blotting and semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses. The water extract of SJH had a high free radical scavenging activity in vitro and decreased the level of intracellular ROS in THP-1 cells treated with AGEs. SJH suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, including TNF-α, MCP-1, IP-10, COX-2, and iNOS; the activation of NF-κB; and the expression of RAGE, a receptor for AGEs, where the expressions of which were induced by AGEs. These results suggest the possibility that SJH can be an alternative therapeutics for diabetes-associated diseases.
Department of Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Republic of Korea.
Gui-Hyun
GH
Baek
Yong-Suk
YS
Jang
Seung-Il
SI
Jeong
Jaeho
J
Cha
Myungsoo
M
Joo
Sang-Woo
SW
Shin
Ki-Tae
KT
Ha
Han-Sol
HS
Jeong
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000096:biosynthesis; D032267:Rehmannia; D027343:Rhizome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; C091326:Cxcl10 protein, rat; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2