Immunopathological roles of cytokines, chemokines, signaling molecules, and pattern-recognition receptors in systemic lupus erythematosus.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology affecting more than one million individuals each year. It is characterized by B- and T-cell hyperactivity and by defects in the clearance of apoptotic cells and immune complexes. Understanding the complex process involved and the interaction between various cytokines, chemokines, signaling molecules, and pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) in the immune pathways will provide valuable information on the development of novel therapeutic targets for treating SLE. In this paper, we review the immunopathological roles of novel cytokines, chemokines, signaling molecules, PRRs, and their interactions in immunoregulatory networks and suggest how their disturbances may implicate pathological conditions in SLE.
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Shui-Lian
SL
Yu
Woon-Pang
WP
Kuan
Chun-Kwok
CK
Wong
Edmund K
EK
Li
Lai-Shan
LS
Tam
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002450:Cell Communication; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051379:Mice; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition