Modification of TiO(2) nanotube surfaces by electro-spray deposition of amoxicillin combined with PLGA for bactericidal effects at surgical implantation sites.
OBJECTIVE
To fabricate the antibiotic-releasing coatings on TiO(2) nanotube surfaces for wide applications of implant and bone plate in medical and dental surgery, the optimal deposition time of amoxicillin/PLGA solution simultaneously performing non-toxicity and a high bactericidal effect for preventing early implant failures was found.


METHODS
FE-SEM, ESD and FT-IR were used for confirming deposition of amoxicillin/PLGA on the TiO(2) surface. Also, the elution of amoxicillin/PLGA in a TiO(2) nanotube surface was measured by a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The bactericidal effect of amoxicillin on the TiO(2) nanotube surface was evaluated by using Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The cytotoxicity and cell proliferation were observed by WST assay using MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells.


RESULTS
The results indicated that the TiO(2) nanotube surface controlled by electro-spray deposition time with amoxicillin/PLGA solution could provide a high bactericidal effect against S. aureus by the bactericidal effect of amoxicillin, as well as good osteoblast cell proliferation at the TiO(2) nanotube surface without toxicity.


CONCLUSIONS
This study used electro-spray deposition (ESD) methodology to obtain amoxicillin deposition in nanotube structures of TiO(2) and found the optimal deposition time of amoxicillin/PLGA solution simultaneously performing non-toxicity and a high bactericidal effect for preventing early implant failures.
Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jung-Hwan
JH
Lee
Seung-Kyun
SK
Moon
Kwang-Mahn
KM
Kim
Kyoung-Nam
KN
Kim
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D001860:Bone Plates / Q000382:microbiology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000382:microbiology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D043942:Nanotubes; D010006:Osteoblasts; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; D004338:Drug Combinations; C009495:titanium dioxide; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000658:Amoxicillin; D014025:Titanium