Glyoxylate reductase isoform 1 is localized in the cytosol and not peroxisomes in plant cells.
Glyoxylate reductase (GLYR) is a key enzyme in plant metabolism which catalyzes the detoxification of both photorespiratory glyoxylate and succinic semialdehdye, an intermediate of the γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) pathway. Two isoforms of GLYR exist in plants, GLYR1 and GLYR2, and while GLYR2 is known to be localized in plastids, GLYR1 has been reported to be localized in either peroxisomes or the cytosol. Here, we reappraised the intracellular localization of GLYR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynh (ecotype Lansberg erecta) using both transiently-transformed suspension cells and stably-transformed plants, in combination with fluorescence microscopy. The results indicate that GLYR1 is localized exclusively to the cytosol regardless of the species, tissue and/or cell type, or exposure of plants to environmental stresses that would increase flux through the GABA pathway. Moreover, the C-terminal tripeptide sequence of GLYR1, -SRE, despite its resemblance to a type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal, is not sufficient for targeting to peroxisomes. Collectively, these results define the cytosol as the intracellular location of GLYR1 and provide not only important insight to the metabolic roles of GLYR1 and the compartmentation of the GABA and photorespiratory pathways in plant cells, but also serve as a useful reference for future studies of proteins proposed to be localized to peroxisomes and/or the cytosol.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
Steven L K
SL
Ching
Satinder K
SK
Gidda
Amanda
A
Rochon
Owen R
OR
van Cauwenberghe
Barry J
BJ
Shelp
Robert T
RT
Mullen
D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000201:enzymology*; D038761:Photobleaching; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D021381:Protein Transport; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D036226:Seedlings / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013535:Suspensions; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology
D007527:Isoenzymes; D010455:Peptides; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013535:Suspensions; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C020830:glyoxylate reductase