Genetic basis of non-syndromic anomalies of human tooth number.
Teeth organogenesis develops through a well-ordered series of inductive events involving genes and BMP, FGF, SHH and WNT represent the main signalling pathways that regulate epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Moreover, progress in genetics and molecular biology indicates that more than 300 genes are involved in different phases of teeth development. Mutations in genes involved in odontogenesis are responsible for many dental anomalies, including a number of dental anomalies that can be associated with other systemic skeletal or organic manifestations (syndromic dental anomalies) or not (non-syndromic dental anomalies). The knowledge of the genetic development mechanisms of the latter is of major interest. Understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis of non-syndromic teeth anomalies would also clarify the role of teeth in craniofacial development, and this would represent an important contribution to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of congenital malformations, and the eventual association to other severe diseases. Future research in this area is likely to lead to the development of tests for doctors to formulate an early diagnosis of these anomalies.
Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Oral Medicine, Course of Dentistry Degree, Courses of Orthognatodontics 2 and Clinical Gnatology 2, Italy. gabriella.galluccio@uniroma1.it
Gabriella
G
Galluccio
Monica
M
Castellano
Camilla
C
La Monaca
D000818:Animals; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014071:Tooth Abnormalities / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*
D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins