Non-viral environmental risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review.
This review aims to systematically summarize the epidemiological studies on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) conducted over the past half century, covering descriptive epidemiological studies and reports on non-viral risk factors. Multiple lines of epidemiologic evidence for established risk factors are systematically presented in comprehensive tables. The potential interactions among environmental factors and genetic components, and also the impacts of parallel sequencing technology on the aetiology of NPC are discussed. Finally, we propose a modified model for the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma based on the current knowledge.
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China. jiaweih@mail.sysu.edu.cn
Wei-Hua
WH
Jia
Hai-De
HD
Qin
D002277:Carcinoma; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004777:Environment; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000506:poisoning; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
D004785:Environmental Pollutants