Spatial and social determinants of urban health in low-, middle- and high-income countries.
Urban populations around the world face increasingly common health problems. This is partly because of common spatial and socio-economic factors that result in substantial inequalities in health among urban populations. Spatial methods can now map out dimensions of urban living, such as the segregation of poor communities as a result of population concentration of poverty in deprived neighbourhoods. Even in rich countries such as the UK, separate from the health disadvantages of living in a poor neighbourhood, if you live in a neighbourhood that is surrounded by deprivation, you have a higher risk of mortality. However, neighbourhood deprivation is not synonymous with poor social capital. Some communities can be resilient to the health-damaging aspects of living in a poor neighbourhood if they have access to social support and other social ties.
University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. Electronic address: tarani.chandola@manchester.ac.uk.
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D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006304:Health Status; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D012923:Social Class; D012944:Social Support; D014505:Urban Population