Dual-functional gadolinium-based copper(II) probe for selective magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence sensing.
A unique gadolinium complex, Nap-DO3A-Gd, comprising a naphthylamine luminescent moiety, a di-2-picolylamine (DPA) binding chelator, and a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (DO3A) moiety has been designed and synthesized as a dual-functional probe for selective magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescent sensing of copper(II) in living cells. Nap-DO3A-Gd exhibited a turn-on manner of relaxivity changes and a fluorescent quenching toward Cu(2+). Through the introduction of naphthalamide into the Gd(3+) contrast agent platform to restrict the coordination ability of the DPA chelator and with Gd(3+) coordinating to the DPA moiety to turn away the interferences of other metal cations from Cu(2+) detection, the probe featured selective relaxivity changes toward Cu(2+) over other metal ions and brought unique Cu(2+)-specific luminescent responses. The probe was water-soluble with the luminescent detection limit established at 6 ppb and was successfully used for luminescence imaging detection of copper(II) in living cells. The results demonstrated the efficiency and advantage of our approach in the development of a dual-modality image.
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China.
Xiaolin
X
Zhang
Xu
X
Jing
Tao
T
Liu
Gang
G
Han
Huaqiang
H
Li
Chunying
C
Duan
D015057:1-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015027:Zebrafish
C520644:1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetic acid; D002614:Chelating Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; D003300:Copper; D015057:1-Naphthylamine; D005682:Gadolinium