Redox balance- and radiation-mediated alteration in hippocampal neurogenesis.
Changes in the intracellular and extracellular redox balance have been correlated with cell fate decisions in terms of proliferation versus differentiation, entering versus existing cell cycle and survival versus cell death. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis has been correlated with neuronal plasticity of learning and memory; however, the process is exquisitely sensitive to changes in redox balance. Cranial irradiation is an effective modality in treating brain tumours but often leads to deficits in hippocampus-related learning and memory, which is most likely due to sustained elevation of oxygen free radical production and suppression of hippocampal neurogenesis. The subcellular redox environment affecting hippocampal neurogenesis is largely unknown. Using mutant mice deficient in each one of the three superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) isoforms, we have begun to determine the consequences of SOD deficiency in hippocampal neurogenesis and the related functions of learning and memory under normal condition and following cranial irradiation.
Geriatric Research, Education, and Care Center-GRECC, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. tthuang@stanford.edu
Ting-Ting
TT
Huang
D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000528:radiation effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000528:radiation effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000528:radiation effects; D016371:Cranial Irradiation; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics
D007527:Isoenzymes; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase