A self-consistent DFT + DMFT scheme in the projector augmented wave method: applications to cerium, Ce2O3 and Pu2O3 with the Hubbard I solver and comparison to DFT + U.
An implementation of full self-consistency over the electronic density in the DFT + DMFT framework on the basis of a plane wave–projector augmented wave (PAW) DFT code is presented. It allows for an accurate calculation of the total energy in DFT + DMFT within a plane wave approach. In contrast to frameworks based on the maximally localized Wannier function, the method is easily applied to f electron systems, such as cerium, cerium oxide (Ce2O3) and plutonium oxide (Pu2O3). In order to have a correct and physical calculation of the energy terms, we find that the calculation of the self-consistent density is mandatory. The formalism is general and does not depend on the method used to solve the impurity model. Calculations are carried out within the Hubbard I approximation, which is fast to solve, and gives a good description of strongly correlated insulators. We compare the DFT + DMFT and DFT + U solutions, and underline the qualitative differences of their converged densities. We emphasize that in contrast to DFT + U, DFT + DMFT does not break the spin and orbital symmetry. As a consequence, DFT + DMFT implies, on top of a better physical description of correlated metals and insulators, a reduced occurrence of unphysical metastable solutions in correlated insulators in comparison to DFT + U.
CEA, DAM, DIF, F 91297 Arpajon, France. bernard.amadon@cea.fr
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Amadon