In-house human immunodeficiency virus-1 genotype resistance testing to determine highly active antiretroviral therapy resistance mutations in Hong Kong.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the frequency of highly active antiretroviral therapy resistance mutations in the viral pol gene of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) genotypes that circulate in Hong Kong, by means of an in-house HIV-1 genotyping system.


METHODS
Retrospective study.


METHODS
Two HIV clinics in Hong Kong.


METHODS
A modified in-house genotyping resistance test was used to sequence the partial pol gene in 1165 plasma samples from 965 patients. The performance of our test was cross-compared with the US Food and Drug Administration-approved ViroSeq HIV-1 genotyping system. The results of genotyping were submitted to the Stanford HIV-1 drug resistance database for analysis.


RESULTS
The cost-effective in-house genotypic resistance test (US$40) demonstrated comparable performance to the US Food and Drug Administration-approved ViroSeq system. The detection limit of this in-house genotypic resistance test could reach 400 copies/mL for both HIV-1 subtype B and CRF01_AE, which were the predominant genotypes in Hong Kong. Drug resistance mutations were detected only in post-treatment samples from treatment-failure patients. However, there was no significant difference in the frequency of drug resistance mutations between subtype B and CRF01_AE.


CONCLUSIONS
Our cost-effective in-house genotypic resistance test detected no significant difference in drug resistance-related mutations frequencies between HIV-1 subtype B and CRF01_AE in Hong Kong. A drug resistance-related mutations database for different HIV-1 genotypes should be established in Hong Kong to augment guidance for HIV treatment.
Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
Jonathan H K
JH
Chen
K H
KH
Wong
Patrick C K
PC
Li
Kenny K C
KK
Chan
M P
MP
Lee
Sabrina W C
SW
To
W C
WC
Yam
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods; D001483:Base Sequence; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005821:Genetic Techniques / Q000191:economics; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral