Dermal application of nitric oxide releasing acidified nitrite-containing liniments significantly reduces blood pressure in humans.
Vascular ischemic diseases, hypertension, and other systemic hemodynamic and vascular disorders may be the result of impaired bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). NO but also its active derivates like nitrite or nitroso compounds are important effector and signal molecules with vasodilating properties. Our previous findings point to a therapeutical potential of cutaneous administration of NO in the treatment of systemic hemodynamic disorders. Unfortunately, no reliable data are available on the mechanisms, kinetics and biological responses of dermal application of nitric oxide in humans in vivo. The aim of the study was to close this gap and to explore the therapeutical potential of dermal nitric oxide application. We characterized with human skin in vitro and in vivo the capacity of NO, applied in a NO-releasing acidified form of nitrite-containing liniments, to penetrate the epidermis and to influence local as well as systemic hemodynamic parameters. We found that dermal application of NO led to a very rapid and significant transepidermal translocation of NO into the underlying tissue. Depending on the size of treated skin area, this translocation manifests itself through a significant systemic increase of the NO derivates nitrite and nitroso compounds, respectively. In parallel, this translocation was accompanied by an increased systemic vasodilatation and blood flow as well as reduced blood pressure. We here give evidence that in humans dermal application of NO has a therapeutic potential for systemic hemodynamic disorders that might arise from local or systemic insufficient availability of NO or its bio-active NO derivates, respectively.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hand Surgery, and Burn Center, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
Christian
C
Opländer
Christine M
CM
Volkmar
Adnana
A
Paunel-Görgülü
Thomas
T
Fritsch
Ernst E
EE
van Faassen
Manfred
M
Mürtz
Gerrit
G
Grieb
Ahmet
A
Bozkurt
Karsten
K
Hemmrich
Joachim
J
Windolf
Christoph V
CV
Suschek
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008038:Liniments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009573:Nitrites / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009603:Nitroso Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption
D008038:Liniments; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009573:Nitrites; D009603:Nitroso Compounds; D009569:Nitric Oxide