Endocrine fibroblast growth factors 15/19 and 21: from feast to famine.
We review the physiology and pharmacology of two atypical fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)-FGF15/19 and FGF21-that can function as hormones. Both FGF15/19 and FGF21 act on multiple tissues to coordinate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in response to nutritional status. Whereas FGF15/19 is secreted from the small intestine in response to feeding and has insulin-like actions, FGF21 is secreted from the liver in response to extended fasting and has glucagon-like effects. FGF21 also acts in an autocrine fashion in several tissues, including adipose. The pharmacological actions of FGF15/19 and FGF21 make them attractive drug candidates for treating metabolic disease.
Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, 75390, USA.
Matthew J
MJ
Potthoff
Steven A
SA
Kliewer
David J
DJ
Mangelsdorf
D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism
D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; C414620:fibroblast growth factor 21; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors