title: [Differential anti-tumor effects for various regimens of endostar plus cisplatin in ovarian cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find the time window of normalization of tumor vasculature by endostar in tumor-bearing mice with ovarian cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The nude murine model of ovarian cancer was established. The vasculature markers α-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) and collagen IV covered tumor vessels and hypoxic zone following the treatment of endostar were monitored. According to the changes of microvascular morphology and tumor hypoxia zone, the time window was identified. Furthermore the treatment protocols of scheduling dosing of cisplatin plus endostar at different time points were designed. After treatment tumor volume, the parameters of microvascular density (MVD) and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) were monitored to evaluate the effects of different protocols.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At Days 4 and 6 post-treatment, more α-SMA and collagen IV covered vessels could be observed. The amount of microvasculature expressed α-SMA on days 4 compared with control was (15.3 ± 5.2) vs (4.3 ± 2.1)/mm(2) (P < 0.01); at Day 6, the result was (16.4 ± 4.6) vs (6.6 ± 2.4)/mm(2)(P < 0.01). The expression of collagen IV had a similar change. And the numbers of microvasculature expressing collagen IV was (14.7 ± 4.3) vs (6.7 ± 5.1)/mm(2) at Days 4 and 6 (P < 0.01); (18.4 ± 5.5) vs (7.1 ± 1.7)/mm(2) (P < 0.01). The expression of HIF-1α decreased in hypoxic area. In the rhES + DDP (d4-6) group, the value of microvessel density (MVD) decreased and the expression of PCNA significantly decreased versus other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endostar may normalize the tumor vasculature. And the time window is found at Days 4-6 post-treatment. During the time of vascular normalization, a combination therapy of endostar plus cisplatin has optimal efficacies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yun-hai
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Pei-shu
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000032:analysis; D043169:Endostatins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D055806:Microvessels; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D043169:Endostatins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C544013:alpha-smooth muscle actin, mouse; C522911:endostar protein; D002945:Cisplatin