title: Screening and brief intervention for alcohol problems in Dr George Mukhari Hospital out-patients in Gauteng, South Africa: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For alcohol drinkers in South Africa it has been found that annual consumption per drinker is among the highest in the world. High prevalence rates of hazardous and harmful alcohol use have also been found in a hospital out-patient setting in South Africa. Hospital settings are a particularly valuable point of contact for the delivery of brief interventions because of the large access to patient populations each year. With this in mind, the primary purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to provide screening for alcohol misuse and to test the efficacy of brief interventions in reducing alcohol intake among hospital out-patients in South Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design for this efficacy study is a randomised controlled trial with 6- and 12-month follow-ups to examine the effects of a brief alcohol intervention to reduce alcohol use by problem drinkers in a hospital setting. The unit of randomisation is the individual out-patient identified as a medium risk drinker attending Dr George Mukhari Hospital. Out-patients will be screened for alcohol problems, and those identified as medium risk drinkers will be randomized into an experimental or control group. The experimental group will receive one brief counselling session on alcohol risk reduction, while the control group will receive a health education leaflet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The trial will evaluate the impact of alcohol screening and brief interventions for patients with alcohol problems in a hospital out-patient setting in South Africa. The findings will impact public health and will enable the health ministry to formulate policy related to brief alcohol interventions, which will result in reduction in alcohol use.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  PACTR201110000319392.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health System Management and Policy, University of Limpopo (MEDUNSA Campus), Pretoria, South Africa. Supa_Pengpid@embanet.com
authors.forename: Supa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pengpid
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peltzer
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Skaal
authors.forename: Hendry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van der Heever
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Hal
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013019:South Africa; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires