title: PAI-1, progress in understanding the clinical problem and its aetiology.
abstract: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1, also known as SERPINE1) is a member of the serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily and is the primary physiological regulator of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) activity. Although the principal function of PAI-1 is the inhibition of fibrinolysis, PAI-1 possesses pleiotropic functions besides haemostasis. In the quarter century since its discovery, a number of studies have focused on improving our understanding of PAI-1 functions in vivo and in vitro. The use of Serpine1-deficient mice has particularly enhanced our understanding of the functions of PAI-1 in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In this review, the results of recent studies on PAI-1 and its role in clinical conditions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan. tiwaki@hama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwaki
authors.forename: Tetsumei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urano
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umemura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D058258:Serpin E2 / Q000172:deficiency
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D058258:Serpin E2; C511869:Serpine2 protein, mouse