title: Validity and reproducibility of cephalometric measurements performed in full and hemifacial reconstructions derived from cone beam computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the reproducibility and validity of angular measurements from virtual lateral cephalometric radiography (LCR) reconstructions (full and hemifacial on both sides) derived from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight CBCT and LCR images were selected. CBCT volume data were imported into Nemotec software, and virtual LCR images and tomographic slices from CBCT images were assessed. Three observers digitized landmarks used for 12 angular measurements in CBCT images from all patients at two different times. The LCR were evaluated by two examiners, and the mean of the measurements was used as the gold standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The virtual hemifacial LCR of tomographic slices on the right side showed statistically different higher measures. The same modality on both sides showed less absolute differences for most measures except FMIA and interincisal angles. All modalities had excellent reproducibility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The angular measurements made on virtual LCR reconstructions derived from CBCT are reproducible and valid. Some advantage was found over virtual hemifacial LCR on both sides of the image, mainly in its handling facility.
authors.affiliation: Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. ramirezslaura@gmail.com
authors.forename: Laura Ricardina
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Sotelo
authors.forename: Solange
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Gláucia Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ambrosano
authors.forename: Frab
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bóscolo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012984:Software