title: Variability in CNR1 locus influences protein intake and smoking status in the Central-European population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The endocannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) is encoded by the CNR1 gene and has been recently recognized to play an important role in the regulation of satiety and feeding behaviour with a huge potential of modulating metabolic response and feeding control. The aim of  the study was to investigate the potential of three selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CNR1 locus on native dietary composition in the Central-European Caucasian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 258 unrelated individuals originating from the Central-European  Caucasian population were enrolled into the study and rs1049353, rs12720071, and rs806368 polymorphisms in CNR1 locus were examined in these individuals using PCR-based methodology. Body composition was assessed using a bioimpedance method, various anthropometric parameters were investigated  (waist and hip circumference, skin folds), and native dietary composition was analysed using 7-day food records as well as a food frequency questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Allelic variations and common haplotypes in the CNR1 gene were associated with the daily intake of proteins,  fluids, and fibre, regardless of the physical activity of the individuals. The common haplotype in the CNR1 gene was associated with self-reported smoking (number of cigarettes per day, smoking years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that specific genetic variations in  the CNR1 gene may act as susceptibility markers for specific dietary composition in the Central-European population.
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic. jbienert@med.muni.cz
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bienertova-Vasku
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bienert
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Slovackova
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sablikova
authors.forename: Zlata
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Piskackova
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forejt
authors.forename: Zbynek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Splichal
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zlamal
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vasku
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018153:Czech Republic; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000235:genetics*; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: C571130:CNR1 protein, human; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1