title: Fibrin clot properties in acute stroke: what differs cerebral hemorrhage from cerebral ischemia?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fibrin clot formation is important in acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We investigated plasma fibrin clot characteristics in acute ICH compared with acute ischemic stroke (IS) and nonstroke conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the 3 studied groups, we analyzed plasma fibrin clot phenotype and its association with clinical stroke presentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with controls, in patients with acute strokes, fibrin clots presented with lower clot permeability, longer lysis time, and higher maximum clot absorbance (for all, P<0.001). In ICH patients compared with IS patients, only lysis time was shorter by 13% (P<0.001). In the ICH group, neurological deficit correlated significantly (P<0.05) with clot compaction, and the rate of increase in d-dimers released from clots, whereas initial hematoma volume correlated with lag phase of fibrin formation on turbidimetry and compaction (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In both types of acute strokes, fibrin clot properties are altered: denser fibrin clots are relatively resistant to lysis. In acute ICH, fibrin clots are more susceptible to tissue plasminogen activator-mediated lysis compared with in IS, which might affect ICH pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. pera@su.krakow.pl
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pera
authors.forename: Anetta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Undas
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Topor-Madry
authors.forename: Jeremiasz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jagiella
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klimkowicz-Mrowiec
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slowik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020767:Intracranial Thrombosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D005337:Fibrin; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator