title: Feasible pickup from intact ossicular chain with floating piezoelectric microphone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many microphones have been developed to meet with the implantable requirement of totally implantable cochlear implant (TICI). However, a biocompatible one without destroying the intactness of the ossicular chain still remains under investigation. Such an implantable floating piezoelectric microphone (FPM) has been manufactured and shows an efficient electroacoustic performance in vitro test at our lab. We examined whether it pick up sensitively from the intact ossicular chain and postulated whether it be an optimal implantable one.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal controlled experiment: five adult cats (eight ears) were sacrificed as the model to test the electroacoustic performance of the FPM. Three groups were studied: (1) the experiment group (on malleus): the FPM glued onto the handle of the malleus of the intact ossicular chains; (2) negative control group (in vivo): the FPM only hung into the tympanic cavity; (3) positive control group (Hy-M30): a HiFi commercial microphone placed close to the site of the experiment ear. The testing speaker played pure tones orderly ranged from 0.25 to 8.0 kHz. The FPM inside the ear and the HiFi microphone simultaneously picked up acoustic vibration which recorded as .wav files to analyze.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FPM transformed acoustic vibration sensitively and flatly as did the in vitro test across the frequencies above 2.0 kHz, whereas inefficiently below 1.0 kHz for its overloading mass. Although the HiFi microphone presented more efficiently than the FPM did, there was no significant difference at 3.0 kHz and 8.0 kHz.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is feasible to develop such an implantable FPM for future TICIs and TIHAs system on condition that the improvement of Micro Electromechanical System and piezoelectric ceramic material technology would be applied to reduce its weight and minimize its size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China, 400016.
authors.forename: Hou-Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Gao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Fang-Lu
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Tie-Zheng
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D004429:Ear Ossicles; D004432:Ear, Middle; D004560:Electricity; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D008307:Malleus; D014159:Transducers