title: Structural Aspects of Phenylalanylation and Quality Control in Three Major Forms of Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase.
abstract: Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are a canonical set of enzymes that specifically attach corresponding amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. The aaRSs display great differences in primary sequence, subunit size, and quaternary structure. Existence of three types of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS)-bacterial (αβ)(2), eukaryotic/archaeal cytosolic (αβ)(2), and mitochondrial α-is a prominent example of structural diversity within the aaRSs family. Although archaeal/eukaryotic and bacterial PheRSs share common topology of the core domains and the B3/B4 interface, where editing activity of heterotetrameric PheRSs is localized, the detailed investigation of the three-dimensional structures from three kingdoms revealed significant variations in the local design of their synthetic and editing sites. Moreover, as might be expected from structural data eubacterial, Thermus thermophilus and human cytoplasmic PheRSs acquire different patterns of tRNA(Phe) anticodon recognition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, P.O. Box 26, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Liron
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klipcan
authors.forename: Igal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Finarov
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moor
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Safro