title: [Synthetic cannabinoids--the new "legal high" drugs].
abstract: Recently, a new Law, named the "derivative law" (first addition, schedule drug change--2010), was accepted in the Israeli parliament. It will mean that dangerous substances that are closely related structurally to a drug that is listed in the dangerous drugs ordinance will automatically enter the dangerous drugs ordinance. The dangerous drugs that were sold in kiosks were related to 4 major groups: Amphetamines, methamphetamines, cathinone and methcathinone. Over 90% of the substances known as "legal highs" or "hagigat" belong to these groups. Before the law was accepted, merchandisers and clandestine Laboratories took advantage of a state in which every small molecular change in a controlled substance of amphetamines, methamphetamines, cathinone and methcathinone required a long legal process in order to include the new substance in the controlled substance law. During this process, we believe that public health was endangered. The chemists and merchandisers found a new solution to "legally" bypass the "derivative law", by marketing a new group of substances named "synthetic cannabinoids". The synthetic cannabinoids do not resemble the chemical structure of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC] which appears in marijuana or hashish, but affects the body in the same manner and according to the literature, are five times more potent. The synthetic cannabinoids are sold in Israel under different nicknames such as: "Mabsuton", "Mr. Nice Guy", "Spice", "Sabbaba" and "Lemon Grass". The substance can be used in different ways such as smoking, inhaling or swallowing. The use of synthetic cannabinoids causes side effects that include: euphoria, dizziness, headache, thirst, paranoia, insomnia, fatigue and disturbed vision. Cases of hospital admission in Israel due to the use of these substances have been reported. The symptoms included psychiatric disturbances. In an urgent meeting of the multi-ministry committee on psychotropic substances held in December 2010 in the Israel Anti-Drug Authority, it was decided to recommend to the Minister of Health to insert an inclusive group of "synthetic cannabinoids" into the control drug list in Israel. On April 5, 2011, after receiving the approval of the health and welfare committee in the Israeli parliament, the dangerous drugs ordinance (new version)--5732-1973 was amended with the addition of an inclusive group of "synthetic cannabinoids". These include: JWH-018, JWH-133, JWH-073, CP 47, 497, CP 55, 940, HU-331, HU-210, HU-211, HU-250.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Crime Unit, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel. ronny.b@eliav.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berkovitz
authors.forename: Mickey
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arieli
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marom
mesh_terms: D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004335:Drug and Narcotic Control; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D002186:Cannabinoids; D015198:Designer Drugs