title: A review of experimental evidence linking neurotoxic organophosphorus compounds and inflammation.
abstract: Organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents and pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and this is thought to be a primary mechanism mediating the neurotoxicity of these compounds. However, a number of observations suggest that mechanisms other than or in addition to AChE inhibition contribute to OP neurotoxicity. There is significant experimental evidence that acute OP intoxication elicits a robust inflammatory response, and emerging evidence suggests that chronic repeated low-level OP exposure also upregulates inflammatory mediators. A critical question that is just beginning to be addressed experimentally is the pathophysiologic relevance of inflammation in either acute or chronic OP intoxication. The goal of this article is to provide a brief review of the current status of our knowledge linking inflammation to OP intoxication, and to discuss the implications of these findings in the context of therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to OP neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA. cnbanks@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Christopher N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Banks
authors.forename: Pamela J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds