title: Nanoscale elastic modulus of single horizontal ZnO nanorod using nanoindentation experiment.
abstract: We measure the elastic modulus of a single horizontal ZnO nanorod [NR] grown by a low-temperature hydrothermal chemical process on silicon substrates by performing room-temperature, direct load-controlled nanoindentation measurements. The configuration of the experiment for the single ZnO NR was achieved using a focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope dual-beam instrument. The single ZnO NR was positioned horizontally over a hole on a silicon wafer using a nanomanipulator, and both ends were bonded with platinum, defining a three-point bending configuration. The elastic modulus of the ZnO NR, extracted from the unloading curve using the well-known Oliver-Pharr method, resulted in a value of approximately 800 GPa. Also, we discuss the NR creep mechanism observed under indentation. The mechanical behavior reported in this paper will be a useful reference for the design and applications of future nanodevices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Science and Technology, Campus Norrköping, Linköping University, Norrköping, SE-60174, Sweden. narba@itn.liu.se.
authors.forename: Muhammad Yousuf
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Soomro
authors.forename: Ijaz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Nargis
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bano
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Broitman
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nur
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Willander