title: Long-term effect of temperature on bioaccumulation of dietary metals and metallothionein induction in Sparus aurata.
abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated that the commercial feed of aquacultured fish contains trace amounts of toxic and essential metals which can accumulate in tissues and finally be ingested by consumers. Recently rising temperatures, associated to the global warming phenomenon, have been reported as a factor to be taken into consideration in ecotoxicology, since temperature-dependent alterations in bioavailability, toxicokinetics and biotransformation rates can be expected. Sparus aurata were kept at 22°C, 27°C and 30°C for 3 months in order to determine the temperature effect on metallothionein induction and metal bioaccumulation from a non-experimentally contaminated commercial feed. A significant temperature-dependent accumulation of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and iron (Fe) was found in liver, together with that of manganese (Mn), Fe and Zn in muscle. Hg presented the highest bioaccumulation factor, and essential metal homeostasis was disturbed in both tissues at warm temperatures. An enhancement of hepatic metallothionein induction was found in fish exposed to the highest temperature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Biology, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guinot
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ureña
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pastor
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Varó
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: del Ramo
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torreblanca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism*; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D021541:Sea Bream / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D008668:Metallothionein