title: Gender determination of effort and associated cardiovascular responses: when men place greater value on available performance incentives.
abstract: Participants were presented an easy or difficult mental addition task and led to believe that they could win a traditionally masculine incentive by meeting a certain performance standard. As expected, blood pressure and heart rate responses during the work period were stronger under difficult conditions than easy ones among men but low under both difficulty conditions among women. Findings support the suggestion from a conceptual analysis grounded in motivation intensity theory that gender differences in cardiovascular response could be partially understood in terms of effort processes that occur where men and women place different value on available performance incentives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA. patabarr19@gmail.com
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.forename: Jem
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Kaleb
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Estes
authors.forename: Rex A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics