title: Viral coinfection in children less than five years old with invasive pneumococcal disease.
abstract: Seventy-one patients <5 years of age who were hospitalized with invasive pneumococcal disease were studied in the period between August 2008 and December 2009. The purpose was to determine the proportion of episodes that were coinfected with respiratory virus. Viral coinfection was common (44/71; 62%), with rhinovirus and influenza virus being the most frequently detected. Highly invasive serotypes (1, 5, 7F, 14, 19A) were found in 31 of 71 patients, of whom 15 had viral coinfection (15/31; 48%). Viral detection occurred significantly more often in those episodes caused by nonhighly invasive serotypes (29/40; 72%), suggesting that a viral synergism could help those serotypes to make invasiveness more likely.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Launes
authors.forename: Mariona-Fernandez
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: de-Sevilla
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Selva
authors.forename: Juan-Jose
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Garcia-Garcia
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pallares
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Almagro
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D014780:Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification