title: Effect of plastic occlusive clips used as an alternative to mulesing on breech conformation, body weight and survival of Merino lambs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of applying plastic clips to the breech and tail of lambs on the perineal and tail bare areas, breech wrinkle, dag (faecal) accumulation, urine stain, body weight and survival of lambs, compared with unclipped, unmulesed lambs and mulesed lambs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on five commercial wool-growing farms in southern Australia. On each study site lambs (2-12-weeks-old) were divided into three groups: (1) unclipped, unmulesed control (tail dock only); (2) treated with clips; and (3) treated with the mules operation. Evaluations of effects, including visual scoring, bare area measurements and body weight, were performed before treatment and on or approximately days 30, 60, 90 and 180 after treatment. On each occasion, lambs were recorded as either present or absent to allow estimates of survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clip treatment increased the size of the perineal and tail bare areas compared with the unclipped, unmulesed control lambs (P < 0.05), although the increases were less than in mulesed lambs (P < 0.05). The clips reduced breech wrinkle, dag and urine stain to levels partway between those recorded in the unclipped, unmulesed controls and the mulesed lambs (P < 0.05). Clipped lambs weighed more than mulesed lambs after treatment (days 30-90 P < 0.001; day 180 P < 0.01) and had higher cumulative percentage survival to 90 days after treatment (P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clips successfully modified the breech region of lambs, although the changes were less than with mulesing. The clips did not reduce the body weight of lambs, compared with the unclipped, unmulesed control lambs, and improved 90-day cumulative percentage survival compared with mulesed lambs.
authors.affiliation: Australian Wool Innovation Limited, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Ib
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Pw
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lawton
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sergeant
authors.forename: Jb
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloyd
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001315:Australia; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009198:Myiasis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D010502:Perineum; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000662:veterinary*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013623:Tail