title: Low serum PON1 activity: an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in North-West Indian type 2 diabetics.
abstract: The paraoxonase (PON1) gene polymorphisms are known to affect the PON1 activity and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Studies done so far have given conflicting results. In the present study, we determined the role of PON1 genetic variants and PON1 activity in the development of CAD in North-West Indian Punjabis, a distinct ethnic group, having high incidence of both CAD and type 2 diabetes. 300 angiographically proven CAD with type 2 diabetics and 250 type 2 diabetics with no clinically evident CAD were enrolled. Serum PON1 activity and genotyping of coding (Q192R, L55M) and promoter (-909G/C, -162A/G, -108C/T) region polymorphisms were carried out and haplotypes were determined using PHASE software. The serum PON1 activity was significantly lower in CAD with type 2 diabetics as compared to diabetics alone (51.0 vs. 114.2nmol/min/ml). In logistic regression model after adjusting for confounding variables, lower PON1 activity was found to be significantly associated with CAD risk in type 2 diabetics with OR being 16.8 (95% CI: 10.2-27.7). The lower serum PON1 activity, irrespective of genotypes and haplotypes is a risk factor for development of CAD in North-West Indian Punjabis with type 2 diabetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
authors.forename: Nidhi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: K B K
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Binu
authors.forename: Surjit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Nagarjuna V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Maturu
authors.forename: Yash P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhansali
authors.forename: Kiran Dip
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human