title: Metabolic risk factors and cervical cancer in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me-Can).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the association between metabolic risk factors and cervical cancer carcinogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  During mean follow-up of 11 years of the Me-Can cohort (N=288,834) 425 invasive cervical cancer cases were diagnosed. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by the use of Cox proportional hazards regression models for quintiles and standardized z-scores (with a mean of 0 and a SD of 1) of BMI, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and MetS score. Risk estimates were corrected for random error in the measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMI (per 1SD increment) was associated with 12%, increase of cervical cancer risk, blood pressure with 25% and triglycerides with 39%, respectively. In models including all metabolic factors, the associations for blood pressure and triglycerides persisted. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) score was associated with 26% increased corrected risk of cervical cancer. Triglycerides were stronger associated with squamous cell carcinoma (HR 1.48; 95% CI, 1.20-1.83) than with adenocarcinoma (0.92, 0.54-1.56). Among older women cholesterol (50-70 years 1.34; 1.00-1.81), triglycerides (50-70 years 1.49, 1.03-2.16 and ≥70 years 1.54, 1.09-2.19) and glucose (≥ 70 years 1.87, 1.13-3.11) were associated with increased cervical cancer risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of obesity, elevated blood pressure and triglycerides were associated with increased risk of cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
authors.forename: Hanno
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ulmer
authors.forename: Tone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bjørge
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Concin
authors.forename: Annekatrin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lukanova
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manjer
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hallmans
authors.forename: Wegene
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Borena
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Häggström
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engeland
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Almquist
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: Randi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Selmer
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stattin
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tretli
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleiner
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stocks
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nagel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001317:Austria / Q000453:epidemiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol