title: Peripheral oxidative stress in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate levels of oxidative stress in blood samples in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral blood samples were collected from 24 RR-MS patients and 15 healthy controls. Levels of the following were measured: carbonylated proteins, 8-hydroxy-2'deoxyguanosine (8OHdG), total glutathione, reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRd), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), myeloperoxidase (MPO), antioxidant gap, total antioxidant capacity (PAO), global oxidative stress (GOS), serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and serum inter-cellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Values for carbonylated proteins, 8OHdG, total glutathione, GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio, SOD, GRd and GOS were significantly higher in RR-MS patients than in healthy controls. By contrast, PAO, GSSG, GPx and GST were lower in RR-MS patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oxidative stress plays a major role in MS, and is observed prior to relapse.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina/Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba/Universidad de Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tasset
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Agüera
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sánchez-López
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feijóo
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Giraldo
authors.forename: Antonio H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Félix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gascón
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Túnez
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood; D050050:Protein Carbonylation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D005978:Glutathione