title: Influence of diabetes on macular thickness measured using optical coherence tomography: the Singapore Indian Eye Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the influence of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and other factors on macular thickness, measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT), in a population-based sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the population-based Singapore Indian Eye Study were analyzed. We measured macular thickness using Stratus OCT Fast Macular Thickness scan protocol in 228 participants with diabetes mellitus (including 167 without DR, 44 with mild DR, 17 with moderate or severe DR) and 72 non-diabetic controls without macular oedema or other macular lesions. Analysis was done on right eyes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of participants was 60.1 ± 10.1 years, with 53.8% men. Macular thickness measurements did not differ significantly between diabetic participants with no or mild DR and non-diabetic participants. Diabetic participants with moderate or severe DR had greater foveal and temporal outer macula thickness compared with those with no or mild DR (P=0.003). In a multivariate linear regression model, older age (P=0.009), male gender (P=0.005), and lower spherical equivalent (P=0.001) were other factors associated with greater foveal thickness in all participants after controlling for body mass index, glycosylated haemoglobin, total cholesterol, and mean systolic blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This population-based study showed that diabetic participants with moderate or severe DR had thicker foveal measurements, even in the absence of diabetic macula oedema, than non-diabetic controls. Other factors that influenced macular thickness measurements were age, gender, and spherical equivalent. These data may aid the interpretation of OCT findings in persons with diabetes and DR.
authors.affiliation: Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: C C A
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sng
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lavanya
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aung
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology*; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human