title: The group III two-component histidine kinase AlHK1 is involved in fungicides resistance, osmosensitivity, spore production and impacts negatively pathogenicity in Alternaria longipes.
abstract: Members of group III histidine kinases from different filamentous fungi were previously shown to mediate osmoregulation and resistance to dicarboximide, phenylpyrrole and, aromatic hydrocarbon fungicides. In this study, we report the disruption of the gene encoding group III histidine kinase, AlHK1, in the economically important plant pathogen Alternaria longipes. The AlHK1 gene disruption had pleiotropic effects on this fungus. Besides the expected osmosensitivity and fungicides resistance, AlHK1 participated in the spore production process. In addition, the ΔAlHK1 strains had stronger aggressive ability to infect their host plant than that of their parental strain, the wild-type strain C-00, suggested that AlHK1 was involved in the pathogenicity of A. longipes and performed in this function by a negative manner. This is the first report to our knowledge.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology Research Center, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Higher Education Mega Center, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China. yyongl_168@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Yi Yong
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Jin Kui
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ming Liang
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Chen Jian
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hai Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ze Bao
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Wen Zheng
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Zhong Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Ke Qin
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000528:Alternaria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000071677:Histidine Kinase; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009995:Osmosis; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000382:microbiology; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D011494:Protein Kinases; D000071677:Histidine Kinase