title: Depressive disorders and family functioning among the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of depressive disorders among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia, its association with patient's and caregiver's socio-demographic characteristics and family functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study of caregivers of patients with schizophrenia at the outpatient clinic, Hospital Permai Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The study was conducted between August and October 2008. A total of 243 caregivers who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled, of whom 232 completed the self-administered socio-demographic questionnaire, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30) and the McMaster Family Assessment Device. A total of 33 caregivers with the GHQ-30 cut-off point of 7/8 were assessed further by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to diagnose depressive disorder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of psychological distress in our study sample was 14% (n = 33) and that of depressive disorders was 6% (n = 14). There was no association between patients' and caregivers' socio-demographic characteristics with depressive disorders, but there were significant associations between depressive disorders and family functioning dimensions in terms of Communication and Roles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the causal link was not established, the results suggested that depression had a significant association with family functioning among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia. Ocbaaaah@yahoo.com.my
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alipah
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Tutiiryani
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ainsah