title: Sex trade among young women attending family-planning clinics in Northern California.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence and nature of sex trade in a clinic-based sample of young women and to evaluate associations with sexual and reproductive health.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey was conducted with women aged 16-29 years (n=1277) presenting to family-planning clinics in Northern California, USA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 8.1% of respondents indicated a lifetime history of trading sex for money or other resources. Sex trade was associated with unintended pregnancy (adjusted risk ratio [ARR] 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-1.48), multiple abortions (ARR 1.63; 95% CI, 1.19-2.23), STI diagnosis (ARR 1.46; 95% CI, 1.27-1.68), and unwanted sex (vaginal ARR 3.64; 95% CI, 2.39-5.56; anal ARR 4.99; 95% CI, 2.17-11.50). Of the women ever involved in sex trade, 12 (37.3%) reported that their first such experience was before they were 18 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Approximately 1 in 12 participants had been involved in sex trade, illustrating the presence of patients with this history within the family-planning clinical setting. Sex trade was associated with multiple indicators of poor sexual and reproductive health. Family-planning clinics may represent an underused mechanism for engaging this high-risk population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Michele R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: McCauley
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tancredi
authors.forename: Rebecca R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Levenson
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waldman
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schoenwald
authors.forename: Jay G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Silverman
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D049168:Pregnancy, Unplanned; D060728:Reproductive Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011477:Sex Work / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult