title: Enzastaurin has anti-tumour effects in lung cancers with overexpressed JAK pathway molecules.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enzastaurin, an oral serine-threonine kinase inhibitor, was initially developed as an ATP-competitive selective inhibitor against protein kinase Cβ. However, the mechanism by which enzastaurin contributes to tumourigenesis remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed the anti-tumour effects of enzastaurin in 22 lung cancer cell lines to ascertain the potential for enzastaurin-based treatment of lung cancer. To identify molecules or signalling pathways associated with this sensitivity, we conducted a gene, receptor tyrosine kinases phosphorylation and microRNA expression profiling study on the same set of cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified eight genes by pathway analysis of molecules having gene-drug sensitivity correlation, and used them to build a support vector machine algorithm model by which sensitive cell lines were distinguished from resistant cell lines. Pathway analysis revealed that the JAK/STAT signalling pathway was one of the main ones involved in sensitivity to enzastaurin. Overexpression of JAK1 was observed in the sensitive cells by western blotting. Simultaneous administration of enzastaurin and JAK inhibitor inhibited enzastaurin-induced cell growth-inhibitory effect. Furthermore, lentiviral-mediated JAK1-overexpressing cells were more sensitive to enzastaurin than control cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggested that the JAK1 pathway may be used as a single predictive biomarker for enzastaurin treatment. The anti-tumour effect of enzastaurin should be evaluated in lung cancer with overexpressed JAK pathway molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine/Infection and Oncology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seike
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soeno
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uesaka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyanaga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minegishi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Noro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gemma
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053613:Janus Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007211:Indoles; C524940:MIRN21 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C504878:enzastaurin