title: Association between polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system and coronary artery disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is regarded as one of the most important regulatory systems for cardiovascular homeostasis. In this study, we investigated associations of the five genetic polymorphisms in the RAS and presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. We used the generalised multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method to identify gene-gene interactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The D allele in the ACE gene was significantly more frequent in type 2 diabetic patients with CAD (p = 0.04). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the DD genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of CAD (p = 0.044). 1675G/A variant in the AT2R gene was found to be associated with CAD in female subjects with type 2 diabetes (p = 0.025). The three other polymorphisms of the RAS do not seem to influence the development of CAD in type 2 diabetes. No significant gene-gene interaction for any combinations of genotypes was found in the GMDR method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DD variant of the ACE gene polymorphism is associated with increased risk of developing CAD in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. A slight impact of AT2R 1675G/A polymorphism on CAD was found only in female diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: He-Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shi-Long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Qing-Zhou
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Hong-Hong
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qiu-Xiong
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Zhi-Xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jie-Ning
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zhi-Ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shu-Guang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xi-Yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D058011:Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics*