title: Genetic backgrounds and redox conditions influence morphological characteristics and cell differentiation of osteoclasts in mice.
abstract: Osteoclasts (OCLs) are multinucleated giant cells and are formed by the fusion of mononuclear progenitors of monocyte/macrophage lineage. It is known that macrophages derived from different genetic backgrounds exhibit quite distinct characteristics of immune responses. However, it is unknown whether OCLs from different genetic backgrounds show distinct characteristics. In this study, we showed that bone-marrow macrophages (BMMs) derived from C57BL/6, BALB/c and ddY mice exhibited considerably distinct morphological characteristics and cell differentiation into OCLs. The differentiation of BMMs into OCLs was comparatively quicker in the C57BL/6 and ddY mice, while that of BALB/c mice was rather slow. Morphologically, ddY OCLs showed a giant cell with a round shape, C57BL/6 OCLs were of a moderate size with many protrusions and BALB/c OCLs had the smallest size with fewer nuclei. The intracellular signaling of differentiation and expression levels of marker proteins of OCLs were different in the respective strains. Treatment of BMMs from the three different strains with the reducing agent N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or with the oxidation agent hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) induced changes in the shape and sizes of the cells and caused distinct patterns of cell differentiation and survival. Thus, genetic backgrounds and redox conditions regulate the morphological characteristics and cell differentiation of OCLs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Pathopharmacology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narahara
authors.forename: Haruna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: Eiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuma
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishishita
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukuba
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000111:Acetylcysteine