title: [Drug resistance and associated factors on HIV in Liangshan prefecture, Sichuan province].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the HIV drug resistance among HIV/AIDS patients who had received highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAATR) in Liangshan prefecture and related factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This investigation was conducted from August to October 2010. Data on epidemiology, treatment, CD4(+) T cell, viral load and drug resistance tests were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  233 (73.50%) had a viral load of < 1000 copy/ml, with the median CD4(+) T cell count as 329 cell/µl. 26 samples appeared to be drug resistant, with the rate as 8.20%. Among 84 patients with antiviral therapy failure, the overall drug resistance rate was 30.95% (26/84). While 24 (28.57%) were resistant to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) drugs. Among nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI), 7 (8.33%) were resistant. 1 (1.19%) had protease inhibitor (PI) resistance mutations identified. Factors that significantly associated with drug resistance would include: being injecting drug users (AOR = 3.37, 95%CI: 1.06 - 10.66, P = 0.0390), having had chronic diarrhea > 1 month (AOR = 8.38, 95%CI: 1.87 - 37.69, P = 0.0055), having had CD4(+) T cell < 200 (AOR = 3.48, 95%CI: 1.29 - 9.39, P = 0.0139), being residents from Butuo area (AOR = 17.68, 95%CI: 4.97 - 62.86, P < 0.0001). When comparing with other areas, data from Butuo showed that people who carried Yi ethnicity (AOR = 17.35, 95%CI: 2.01 - 149.73, P = 0.0095) and were literate (having had primary or higher levels of education) (AOR = 0.18, 95%CI: 0.08 - 0.42, P < 0.0001), being married or having cohabited relations (AOR = 8.17, 95%CI: 2.35 - 28.39, P = 0.001) were found to be less adherent (AOR = 0.05, 95%CI: 0.02 - 0.13, P < 0.0001) to the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful antiviral outcomes were seen among those AIDS patients under treatment, in Liangshan prefecture. Resistance rates were significantly different in regions. For IDUs, enforcement on subjects including prevention on drug resistance, adherence to HAART and treatment for drug addiction should be strengthened and programs being integrated.
authors.affiliation: Liangshan Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xichang, China.
authors.forename: Qi-xing
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi-ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Ling-jie
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Ming-ju
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Da-Ying
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Guang-ming
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yu-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Yi-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents