title: Condylar guidance: correlation between protrusive interocclusal record and panoramic radiographic image: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the sagittal condylar angles set in the Hanau articulator by use of a method of obtaining an intraoral protrusive record to those angles found using a panoramic radiographic image.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients, free of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder and with intact dentition were selected. The dental stone casts of the subjects were mounted on a Hanau articulator with a springbow and poly(vinyl siloxane) interocclusal records. For all patients, the protrusive records were obtained when the mandible moved forward by approximately 6 mm. All procedures for recording, mounting, and setting were done in the same session. The condylar guidance angles obtained were tabulated. A panoramic radiographic image of each patient was made with the Frankfurt horizontal plane parallel to the floor of the mouth. Tracings of the radiographic images were made. The horizontal reference line was marked by joining the orbitale and porion. The most superior and most inferior points of the curvatures were identified. These two lines were connected by a straight line representing the mean curvature line. Angles made by the intersection of the mean curvature line and the horizontal reference line were measured. The results were subjected to statistical analysis with a significance level of p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The radiographic values were on average 4° greater than the values obtained by protrusive interocclusal record method. The mean condylar guidance angle between the right and left side by both the methods was not statistically significant. The comparison of mean condylar guidance angles between the right side of the protrusive record method and the right side of the panoramic radiographic method and the left side of the protrusive record method and the left side of the panoramic radiographic method (p= 0.071 and p= 0.057, respectively) were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the protrusive condylar guidance angles obtained by panoramic radiograph may be used in programming semi-adjustable articulators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Narayana Dental College, Nellore, India. tpawan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Pavan Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Tannamala
authors.forename: Mahesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pulagam
authors.forename: Srinivas R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pottem
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Swapna
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D003725:Dental Articulators; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D004424:Ear Canal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003765:Models, Dental; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015050:Zygoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging