title: [Preliminary study on variations and neural generators of error-related negativity in first episode schizophrenics].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the variations and their activated brain areas of error-related negativity (ERN) in first episode schizophrenics.
  
  
  METHODS
  ERN was tested by an ERP device and their activated brain areas were compared in 58 first episode schizophrenics (FES) and 62 normal controls (NC) from March 2010 to February 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) The ERN latencies in the FES group were significantly longer on Cz (58 ± 14 ms), Fz (60 ± 11 ms), C3 (57 ± 17 ms) and C4 (60 ± 13 ms) electrodes compared with those in the NC group (49 ± 13 ms, 47 ± 13 ms, 50 ± 14 ms, 51 ± 12 ms). And the ERN amplitudes were significantly lower than those in the controls in Cz (5.0 ± 2.8 µV; 7.5 ± 3.1 µV, P < 0.01), C3 (5.5 ± 4.0 µV; 8.0 ± 3.7 µV, P < 0.01), Fz (5.0 ± 3.1 µV; 7.7 ± 3.8 µV, P < 0.01) and Pz (4.5 ± 3.3 µV: 7.5 ± 3.0 µV, P < 0.01) electrodes.(2) The variations of ERN latencies and amplitudes showed an insignificant correlation with the positive symptom scores and total scores of PANSS. (3) The activation levels of insula, superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule were obviously lower in the FES group than those in the NC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anomalies of ERN latencies and amplitudes in first episode schizophrenics may reflect the deficient error-monitoring functions. Further studies are warranted. And such brain areas as insular may contribute pathogenically to the dysfunctions of error-monitoring in schizophrenics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrophysiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xing-shi
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yi-feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yun-xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-dao
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fei-ying
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Jian-hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011930:Reaction Time; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult