title: Insulin resistance at diagnosis in Japanese children with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance at diagnosis was investigated in Japanese children with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 160 children with T2DM were divided into groups on the basis of percent overweight at time of diagnosis: group A (n = 28), <20%; group B (n = 55), 20-39%; group C (n = 37), 40-59%; group D (n = 40), ≥ 60%. Indicators of insulin resistance at diagnosis were compared among the four patient groups, and also between the children with T2DM and the 201 age-matched normal Japanese children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in plasma glucose (PG) levels among the four patient groups. The mean concentration of fasting plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) was significantly higher in group D than in groups A and B (39.2 µU/mL vs 16.2 µU/mL and 24.1 µU/mL, P < 0.05, respectively). The mean homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-R) was significantly higher in group D than in all the other three groups (17.6 vs 7.8, 10.8 and 12.7, P < 0.05, respectively). The indicators HOMA-R and fasting IRI were significantly higher in each diabetes group, even in non-obese group A, than in normal children (P < 0.01, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Japanese children with T2DM had insulin resistance at diagnosis regardless of percent overweight, and the degree of insulin resistance gradually increased with rise in percent overweight.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. urakami.tatsuhiko@nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urakami
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habu
authors.forename: Remi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komiya
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mugishima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male