title: Retrograde autologous priming in cardiopulmonary bypass in adult patients: effects on blood transfusion and hemodilution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retrograde autologous priming (RAP) is a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) method, at low cost. Previous studies have shown that this method reduces hemodilution and blood transfusions needs through increased intra-operative hematocrit.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate RAP method, in relation to standard CPB (crystalloid priming), in adult patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two patients were randomly allocated to two groups: 1) Group RAP (n = 27) of patients operated using the RAP and; 2) Control group of patients operated using CPB standard crystalloid method (n = 35). The RAP was performed by draining crystalloid prime from the arterial and venous lines, before CPB, into a collect recycling bag. The main parameters analyzed were: 1) CPB hemodynamic data; 2) Hematocrit and hemoglobin values; 3) The need for blood transfusions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was observed statistically significant fewer transfusions during surgery and reduced CPB hemodilution using RAP. The CPB hemodynamic values were similar, observing a tendency to use lower CPB flows in the RAP group patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This investigation was designed to be a small-scale pilot study to evaluate the effects of RAP, which were demonstrated concerning the CPB hemodilution and blood transfusions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Vieira
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Reges
authors.forename: Walter Vilella de Andrade
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Alfredo José
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Solange
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basseto
authors.forename: Lafaiete
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alves Junior
authors.forename: Adilson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scorzoni Filho
authors.forename: César Augusto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Barbosa
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Évora
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D006400:Hematocrit; D006438:Hemodilution; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D006454:Hemoglobins; D007552:Isotonic Solutions