title: Parthenolide inhibits the LPS-induced secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α and NF-κB nuclear translocation in BV-2 microglia.
abstract: Feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium [L.] Sch. Bip. [Asteraceae]) is a popular herbal treatment used to prevent and treat headache and migraine. Parthenolide (PTN), the sesquiterpene lactonic derivative that is the plant's major component, might be one of the ingredients that act on mediators of inflammation. In the present study, in cultured lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia pretreatment with PTN caused a dose-dependent reduction of interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion (29% by 200 nm, p < 0.001; 45% by 1 µm, p < 0.001; 98% by 5 µm, p < 0.001); at 5 µm, the highest concentration tested, it also reduced the secretion of TNF-α (54%, p < 0.001). Western blotting analysis on separate cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts showed that PTN strongly reduced the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB to the cell nucleus. The reduction of microglial activation by inhibition of proinflammatory agents may help attenuate the onset and intensity of acute migraine attacks. These in vitro results provide an additional explanation for the efficacy of orally administered T. parthenium as an antimigraine agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Pathophysiology and Applied Biology, Centre of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magni
authors.forename: Massimiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruscica
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dozio
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.forename: Giangiacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beretta
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maffei Facino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020903:Tanacetum parthenium / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C002669:parthenolide