title: Targeting acetyl-CoA carboxylases: small molecular inhibitors and their therapeutic potential.
abstract: Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs) play a rate-limiting role in fatty acid biosynthesis in plants, microbes, mammals and humans. ACCs have the activity of both biotin carboxylase (BC) and carboxyltransferase (CT), catalyzing carboxylation of Acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA. In the past years, ACCs have been used as targets for herbicides in agriculture and for drug discovery and development of human diseases, such as microbial infections, diabetes, obesity and cancer. A great number of small molecule ACC inhibitors have been developed, including natural and non-natural (artificial) products. These chemicals target BC reaction, CT reaction or ACC phosphorylation. This article provides a comprehensive review and updates of ACC inhibitors, with a focus on their therapeutic application in metabolic syndromes and malignant diseases. The patent status of common ACC inhibitors is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Translational Medicine & Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Di-Xian
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Di-Jun
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajput
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Duan-Fang
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Deliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Edmund
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maser
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D009181:Mycoses / Q000188:drug therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy; D010330:Patents as Topic; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006540:Herbicides; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase