title: The actions of bismuth in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections: an update.
abstract: Helicobacter pylori causes various gastric diseases, such as gastritis, peptic ulcerations and gastric cancer. Bismuth-based triple or quadruple therapies have been commonly recommended for the treatment of H. pylori infections. Up to now, the molecular mechanisms by which bismuth inhibits the growth of H. pylori are far from clear. The present concise review intends to cover the most recent reports and discoveries in the field of the inhibitory mechanism of bismuth against H. pylori as well as the bacterial protective response to drug treatment, which will help us to further understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of metal-based drugs and stimulate further development of effective anti-bacterial drugs.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. gerg@mail.sysu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Ruiguang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qinglu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001729:Bismuth / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001729:Bismuth