title: Pyrene exposure influences the craniofacial cartilage development of Sebastiscus marmoratus embryos.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, which are known carcinogens and teratogens. However, the toxicity of PAHs during skeletal development and the mechanism involved are not completely clear. In the present study, rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus) embryos were exposed to pyrene (Pyr) for 7 days at 0.5, 5 and 50 nM which resulted in craniofacial skeleton deformities. Pyr exposure for 6 days reduced the expression of PCNA, Col2a1 and Sox9 in the craniofacial skeleton revealed using in situ hybridization. These results suggest that Pyr exposure impairs skeleton development via disrupting the proliferation of the chondrocytes. At the same time, Pyr exposure reduced the expression of lox1 and inhibited the activity of lysyl oxidase, which is the key enzyme controlling the collagen cross-linking, and which might therefore have been one of the reasons for the deformative Meckel's cartilage (lower jaw).
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Subtropical Wetland Ecosystem Research, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Chengyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zhenghong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Ruixia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Donglei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chonggang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000423:Alcian Blue; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000139:chemically induced*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D005399:Fishes / Q000002:abnormalities*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D024043:Collagen Type II; D017931:DNA Primers; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D011721:Pyrenes; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C030984:pyrene; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase; D000423:Alcian Blue