title: [Efficacy of vaginal progesterone inserts (CIDR) to reduce early embryonic losses in dairy cows].
abstract: The OBJECTIVE of this study was to test the efficacy of a progesterone releasing device (CIDR®, Pfizer, Germany) inserted on day (d) 20 post insemination (p.i.) to reduce embryonic losses between d 27 and 39 p.i. Furthermore, we hypothesized that CIDR® increases blood progesterone levels during the application period, but does not affect the maintenance of pregnancy after removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on a commercial dairy farm, randomly allocating 74 Holstein Friesian cows to one of two groups. These cows were non-pregnant after previous artificial insemination and treated with an Ovsynch protocol. Group 1 (n=36) received a CIDR® on d 20 p.i. (CIDR® group) while group 2 (n=38) remained untreated (control group). CIDR® was removed on d 39 p.i. Blood samples were drawn from all cows on d 20, 27, 39 and 55 p.i. for analysis of progesterone (P4) concentrations by immunoassay (ADVIA Centaur®, Siemens, Germany). Pregnancy diagnosis was conducted on d 27 p.i. with ultrasonography, and on d 39 and 55 p.i. by transrectal palpation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence rate of early embryonic losses between d 27 and 39 p.i. was 37.1% (CIDR® group 35.3%, control group 38.9%; p=0.83). On d 39 p.i. 30.5% of all cows were pregnant and the percentage of pregnant cows did not differ between the study groups (p=0.83). Progesterone levels on d 20 p.i. did not differ among cows which were pregnant on d 39 p.i. (p=0.57). On d 27 p.i. progesterone levels in pregnant cows were higher in the CIDR® group (16.2 ± 9.9 ng/ml) compared to the control group (11.2 ± 3.4 ng/ml; p=0.04). Progesterone concentrations were lower on d 39 p.i., but still differed between study groups (p=0.05). After removal of CIDR®, blood progesterone levels did not differ between pregnant cows of both study groups on d 55 p.i. (p=0.36).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of a progesterone releasing device led to increased blood progesterone levels during the application period, but did not affect maintenance of pregnancy after its removal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation with progesterone at d 20 p.i. does not decrease early embryonic losses between d 27 and 39 p.i. or increase the number of cows pregnant on d 39 p.i.
authors.affiliation: Tierklinik für Fortpflanzung, Fachbereich Veterinärmedizin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pilz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fischer-Tenhagen
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: von Krueger
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thiele
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heuwieser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D020964:Embryo Loss / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D004973:Estrus Synchronization; D005260:Female; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D011372:Progestins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D011372:Progestins; D011374:Progesterone