title: Experimentally induced puromycine aminonucleoside nephrosis (PAN) in rats: evaluation of angiogenic protein platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF) expression in glomeruli.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In experimentally induced puromycine aminonucleoside nephrosis (PAN) animal models, nephrotic syndrome with minimal change disease and focal and segmental sclerosis-like nephritis similar to that in human is demonstrated; however, the real mechanism of PAN is not yet elucidated. Platelet derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), an endothelial mitogen protein, is believed to take part in microvessel formation and in stimulation of angiogenesis and its expression has not been totally demonstrated in PAN rats yet. In this study, we aimed to examine PD-ECGF expression in acute and chronic PAN induced in rats and find out the association between its expression and the stages of angiogenesis in kidney.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the experiment, twenty-four Male Wistar Albino rats were used and divided into four groups; control group (n = 6), pre-proteinuria group (n = 6), acute group (n = 6) and chronic group (n = 6). We compared statistically all data by One-way ANOVA Test followed by Dunn Multiple Comparison Test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proteinurea levels in control and pre-proteinuria groups were not statistically different; however, it was remarkably higher in the acute nephrosis group and significantly greater in the chronic nephrosis group than control group (p < 0.0025). In pre-proteinuria group, the serum albumin and creatinine clearances also did not significantly differ from the control group. On the other hand, in the acute and chronic nephrosis groups, serum albumin and creatinine clearances progressively decreased (p < 0.05). In our immunohistochemical studies, we showed elevated PD-ECGF expression in glomeruli of acute and chronic PAN rats. Microscopic and ultrastructural appearances of the glomeruli of acute and chronic PAN showed various sequential steps of angiogenesis, macrophages and immature capillaries with primitive lumens and apoptotic endothelial cells in the increased mesangial matrix.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is reported that acute and chronic PAN progressively increase PD-ECGF expression and following induction of angiogenesis in the affected glomeruli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Turkey. isseckin@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Seckin
authors.forename: Mumin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uzunalan
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pekpak
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokturk
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sonmez
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Oztürk
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yaprak
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000209:etiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D009401:Nephrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology; D011692:Puromycin Aminonucleoside; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011692:Puromycin Aminonucleoside; D003404:Creatinine