title: Inhibitory effects of ZSTK474, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effects of ZSTK474, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA).
  
  
  METHODS
  AIA was induced in Lewis rats by subcutaneous administration of Freund's complete adjuvant at the base of the tail on day 0. ZSTK474 was orally administered once daily from day 10. The severity of AIA was assessed by measuring the hind paw volume. The number of lymphocytes in inguinal lymph nodes (ILN) was determined by flow cytometry. The in vitro effects of ZSTK474 on the cell proliferation, and the cytokines and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production were evaluated by BrdU method, ELISA and cytometric beads array.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ZSTK474 ameliorated the progression of AIA. The temporary increases in the number of T cells in ILN, which occurred along with the appearance of arthritis, were inhibited in the ZSTK474-treated groups. In vitro studies revealed that ZSTK474 inhibited the production of IFNγ and IL-17 in concanavalin A-activated T cells. In vitro studies further revealed that ZSTK474 inhibited the proliferation and PGE(2) production by fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ZSTK474 demonstrated prophylactic efficacy in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) through inhibition of T cell and FLS functions. It was suggested that the inhibitors of PI3K have therapeutic potential for RA.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Laboratory, Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., 2-33-7 Oizumi, Nerima, Tokyo, 178-0062, Japan. Kazuhiko_Haruta@mail.zenyaku.co.jp
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haruta
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagamine
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yaguchi
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kamachi
authors.forename: Jumpei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enami
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamori
authors.forename: Yoshinari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takasaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D009161:Mycobacterium; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000276:immunology; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D014227:Triazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D014227:Triazines; C510150:ZSTK474; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D015232:Dinoprostone