title: Reducing sodium levels in frankfurters using a natural flavor enhancer.
abstract: Sodium chloride (NaCl; salt) contributes to important quality and food safety properties of processed meats. However, renewed interest exists in reducing sodium in the human diet. This study investigated quality and sensory impacts associated with partial replacement and/or reduction of normally added NaCl using a natural flavor enhancer (NFE) in frankfurters. Varying levels of NFE were used with NaCl and/or potassium chloride (KCl) to comprise treatments (TRT) which investigated flake salt replacement (Phase I) and sodium reduction (Phases II and III). Phase I sensory and quality results identified a 50% replacement of NaCl with NFE as the baseline for subsequent phases. Phase II indicated that the inclusion of NFE could allow for a 20% NaCl reduction without adverse effects on quality or sensory attributes. Phase III results demonstrated that it was feasible to reduce NaCl by 35% via the inclusion of KCl in NFE containing frankfurters without major quality or sensory changes.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin, Department of Animal Sciences, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Megan M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: McGough
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rankin
authors.forename: Jeffrey J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sindelar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004032:Diet; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D012964:Sodium; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D045730:Soy Foods; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013649:Taste; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005421:Flavoring Agents; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D012964:Sodium