title: Effects of practice on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV across 3- and 6-month intervals.
abstract: A total of 54 participants (age M = 20.9; education M = 14.9; initial Full Scale IQ M = 111.6) were administered the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) at baseline and again either 3 or 6 months later. Scores on the Full Scale IQ, Verbal Comprehension, Working Memory, Perceptual Reasoning, Processing Speed, and General Ability Indices improved approximately 7, 5, 4, 5, 9, and 6 points, respectively, and increases were similar regardless of whether the re-examination occurred over 3- or 6-month intervals. Reliable change indices (RCI) were computed using the simple difference and bivariate regression methods, providing estimated base rates of change across time. The regression method provided more accurate estimates of reliable change than did the simple difference between baseline and follow-up scores. These findings suggest that prior exposure to the WAIS-IV results in significant score increments. These gains reflect practice effects instead of genuine intellectual changes, which may lead to errors in clinical judgment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK 74104, USA.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Estevis
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Basso
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Combs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D014888:Wechsler Scales