title: Comparative study of biological activity of three commercial products of Sasa senanensis Rehder leaf extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have previously reported that alkaline extract of Sasa senanensis leaves (SE) has several biological activities characteristic of lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC). In the present study, we compared the biological activity of three commercially available products of SE (products A, B and C).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cell viability of mock-infected, HIV-infected, UV-irradiated cells was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. Radical intensity was determined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Cytochrome P-450 (CYP)3A4 activity was measured by β-hydroxylation of testosterone in human recombinant CYP3A4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Product A is a pure SE that contains Fe(II)-chlorophyllin, whereas products B and C contain Cu(II)-chlorophyllin and less LCC. Product C is supplemented with ginseng and pine (Pinus densiflora) leaf extracts. Product A exhibited 5-fold higher anti-HIV, 4-fold higher anti-UV, 5-fold higher hydroxyl radical-scavenging, and 3-fold lower CYP3A4 inhibitory activities as compared to those of product B, and 5-fold higher, 1.5-fold higher, comparable, and 7-fold lower activities, respectively, as compared to those of product C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates for the first time the superiority of product A over products B and C, suggesting the beneficial role of LCC and Fe(II)-chlorophyllin.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado, Saitama, Japan. sakagami@dent.meikai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakagami
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuta
authors.forename: Kazue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Chiyako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Taisei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanamoto
authors.forename: Shigemi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terakubo
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Yurika
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sunaga
authors.forename: Madoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oizumi
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oizumi
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000821:virology; D002470:Cell Survival; D002735:Chlorophyllides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D065692:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D015497:HIV-1; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; D006801:Humans; D008031:Lignin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D031787:Sasa / Q000737:chemistry*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D065692:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D008031:Lignin; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; C510163:CYP3A4 protein, human; C007020:chlorophyllin