title: Effect of cosmetic ingredients as anticellulite agents: synergistic action of actives with in vitro and in vivo efficacy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathophysiology of cellulite involves changes in the subcutaneous adipose layer and the extracellular matrix (ECM) that supports it together with overlying dermal layer. Cellular mechanisms governing cellulite are not fully understood. However, it is accepted that changes include enhanced lipogenesis, decreased lipolysis, and increased lipid storage within the adipocytes as well as changes in the dermal architecture.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In our studies the ability of cosmetic agents Furcellaria lumbricalis, Fucus vesiculosus, retinoid, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), and a glaucine mixture to stimulate in vitro 1) lipolysis in human adipocytes and 2) production of pro-collagen I by fibroblasts was investigated in vitro. The ability of these ingredients to improve cellulite condition in vivo was also determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mature adipocytes and 'aged' fibroblasts were used for in vitro studies. The assessment of cellulite in vivo was performed by dermatological grading and ultrasound measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mature adipocytes treated with combined actives resulted in a significant synergistic increase in free glycerol release. On "aged" fibroblasts, combined treatment of F. vesiculosus and F. lumbricalis stimulated pro-collagen I production. CLA increased pro-collagen I production, but the glaucine mixture had no effect. The clinical study demonstrated a significant improvement in cellulite grading by a dermatologist after 8 and 12 weeks vs. vehicle, and ultrasound imaging showed a significant decrease in fat thickness compared with placebo after 12 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our studies revealed a potent cocktail of ingredients that when combined together can act in vitro to markedly improve lipolysis mechanisms and by way of stimulating pro-collagen I can also have an effect on the surrounding extracellular matrix. The in vitro actions of the ingredients were translated in vivo, where a clinical improvement of cellulite condition was observed.
authors.affiliation: Oriflame Cosmetics AB, Oriflame Skin Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Al-Bader
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Byrne
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gillbro
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitarotonda
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Metois
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vial
authors.forename: Anthony V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rawlings
authors.forename: Aurelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laloeuf
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001060:Aporphines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D044645:Fucus; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012176:Retinoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000461:Rhodophyta; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013848:Thigh; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D001060:Aporphines; D024042:Collagen Type I; D003358:Cosmetics; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D028321:Plant Preparations; D012176:Retinoids; C005004:glaucine; D005990:Glycerol