title: Metabolism of ferulic acid during growth of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus collinoides.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Food-isolated lactic acid bacteria can transform ferulic acid (FA) into several products. Since quantification of these metabolites during the different bacterial growth phases is lacking, the aim of this study was to identify and quantify conversion products of FA and to follow the kinetics of FA metabolism during growth of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus collinoides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus collinoides were incubated in MRS broth, to which different amounts of FA were added (final concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3 mmol L⁻¹), at 30 °C until the late stationary phase. Lactobacillus plantarum metabolised FA into 4-vinylguaiacol (4-VG) and hydroferulic acid (HFA). Conversion to 4-VG started simultaneously with the degradation of FA, while formation of HFA started in the mid-exponential phase. Lactobacillus collinoides only formed 4-VG, mainly in the stationary phase. No significant effect of the different amounts of FA was seen on the growth and fermentation characteristics of both bacteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate that both bacteria are able to convert FA. However, start of conversion differs between the two strains. The different amounts of FA had no influence on the growth and fermentation characteristics of both bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dries
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Knockaert
authors.forename: Katleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Raes
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wille
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Struijs
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Camp
mesh_terms: D001530:Belgium; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D057141:Food, Preserved / Q000382:microbiology; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D013045:Species Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D003373:Coumaric Acids; C071744:5-hydroxyferulic acid; D006139:Guaiacol; C014245:4-vinylguaiacol; C004999:ferulic acid