title: Proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass after 1 year of follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effect of weight loss after 3, 6 and 12 months of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) on energy intake and on several biomarkers of oxidative stress such as levels of vitamin C, beta-carotene, vitamin E (diet/blood), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), myeloperoxidase (MPO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of catalase (CAT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Study with a control group (CG), assessed once, and a bariatric group (BG) assessed at the basal period as well as at 3, 6 and 12 months post-surgery; both groups were composed of 5 men and 31 women (n=36). Age was 38.7 ± 9.4 and 39.6 ± 9.2 years old and body mass index (BMI) was 22.2 0 ± 2.1 and 47.6 ± 9.1 kg/m(2), respectively. The variance measure quoted was SEM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The body weight at 12 months was 35.8 ± 1.0% (P<0.001) lower than that of the basal period. At the basal period BG showed higher levels of NOx (P=0.007) and TBARS (P<0.001) and lower levels of vitamins C and E (P<0.001) compared with CG. After 3 months the activity of MPO was decreased (P<0.001). Six months after surgery GSH levels were decreased (P=0.037), whereas CAT activity was increased (P=0.029). After 12 months levels of NOx (P=0.004), TBARS (P<0.001), beta-carotene (P<0.001) and vitamin E (P<0.001) were decreased, whereas those of vitamin C (P<0.001) were increased compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RYGB followed by a daily vitamin supplement apparently attenuated pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress markers 1 year after surgery, but additional antioxidant supplementation appears necessary.
authors.affiliation: Post-Graduate Programme in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
authors.forename: V R G
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: E A M
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wilhelm-Filho
authors.forename: J X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: de Miranda
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Benincá
authors.forename: S V G
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Vigil
authors.forename: A M B
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moratelli
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Garlet
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: de Souza Meirelles
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vannucchi
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Fröde
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D019207:beta Carotene; D014810:Vitamin E; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid