title: Expression of DSG1 and DSC1 are prognostic markers in anal carcinoma patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our purpose was to investigate if dysregulation of cell adhesion molecules could be linked to prognosis in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the anal region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Protein expression of desmoglein-1 (DSG1), desmocollin-1 (DSC1) and E-cadherin was studied by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 53 anal carcinoma patients treated by radiation alone or combined with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate analyses identified, among others, negative membranous DSG1 staining (P=0.009), negative cytoplasmic DSC1 staining (P=0.012) and negative DSG1 (membranous)+negative DSC1 (cytoplasmic) staining (P=0.004) to be associated with improved cancer-specific survival (CSS). On multivariate analyses positive DSG1 (membranous)+DSC1 (cytoplasmic) staining (HR 6.95, P=0.044), large tumour size and lymph node metastases (HR 6.44, P=0.004) and radiation without chemotherapy (HR 6.73 P=0.004) were associated with worse CSS. On univariate analysis, improved disease-free survival was associated with negative membranous staining of DSG1 (P=0.047), and negative DSG1 (membranous)+negative DSC1 (cytoplasmic) staining (P=0.025), among others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Membrane negativity for DSG1 and cytoplasmic negativity for DSC1 are favourable markers for CSS in SCCs of the anal region.
authors.affiliation: Section of Oncology, Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen 5021, Norway. Mette.Myklebust@med.uib.no
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Myklebust
authors.forename: Ø
authors.initials: Ø
authors.lastname: Fluge
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Immervoll
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skarstein
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Balteskard
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bruland
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dahl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D051187:Desmocollins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051183:Desmoglein 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; C081560:DSC1 protein, human; D051187:Desmocollins; D051183:Desmoglein 1; D016685:Mitomycin; D005472:Fluorouracil