title: Association of manganese superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferases genotypes with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to test the association between genetic polymorphisms with functional effects on redox regulation: Ala16Val of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD or SOD2), polymorphic deletions of glutathione S-transferases M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) and Ile105Val of the GSTP1 and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study enrolled 287 subjects with type 2 diabetes. Carotid atherosclerosis was quantified by ultrasonography as carotid intima-media thickness (CITM), plaque score from 0 to 6 and plaque type from 1 to 5. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest triglyceride level was observed in patients with MnSOD Val/Val genotype. Other polymorphisms did not show significant association with clinical parameters. We did not observe significant differences in MnSOD, GSTM1 and GSTP1 genotypes distribution according to CIMT, plaque type or plaque score. After adjustment for age, sex, smoking, BMI, lipid parameters and duration of hypertension and diabetes carriers of GSTT1-0 genotype showed an increased risk for higher plaque score (OR=2.29; p=0.012), but no association with CIMT and plaque stability was observed. Carrying of both GSTM1-0 and GSTT1-0 did not influence clinical parameters but increased risk for higher plaque score (OR=2.59; P=0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not find a significant association between the MnSOD, GSTM1 and GSTP1 polymorphisms and carotid atherosclerosis. The GSTT1-0 genotype and GSTT1-0/GSTM1-0 haplotype might be a potential determinants of susceptibility to advanced atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: General Hospital Rakičan, Murska Sobota, Slovenia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santl Letonja
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Letonja
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ikolajević-Starcević
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petrovic
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017524:Slovenia; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D018617:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D008055:Lipids; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human