title: Influence of polymer-surfactant aggregates on fluid flow.
abstract: This paper describes the influence of interactions of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles on drag reduction. Since the interactions between PEO and CTAB micelles alone are weak, salicylate ions were used as CTAB counterions. They facilitate formation of polymer-micelle aggregates by screening the electrostatic repulsions between the charged surfactant headgroups. The influence of polymer-surfactant interactions on drag reduction is of biomedical engineering importance. Drag reducing additives introduced to blood produce beneficial effects on blood circulation, representing a novel way to treat cardiovascular disorders. PEO is a blood-compatible polymer. However, it quickly mechanically degrades when subjected to high shear stresses. Thus, there is a need to search for other additives able to reduce drag, which would be more mechanically stable, e.g. polymer-surfactant aggregates. Numerical simulations of the flow were performed using the CFX software. Based on the internal structure of the polymer-surfactant solution, a hypothesis explaining the reason of increase of drag reduction and decrease in dynamic viscosity with increasing shear rate was proposed. It was suggested that the probable reason for the abrupt increase in friction factor, observed when the critical Reynolds number was exceeded, was the disappearance of the difference in the dynamic viscosity.
authors.affiliation: AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Power Engineering and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Kraków, Poland. malcher@agh.edu.pl
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Malcher
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gzyl-Malcher
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D008823:Micelles; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012212:Rheology; D012459:Salicylates / Q000737:chemistry; D012984:Software; D055672:Static Electricity; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014783:Viscosity; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D008823:Micelles; D012459:Salicylates; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D000077286:Cetrimonium