title: Control of mosquito larvae in seasonal wetlands on a wildlife refuge using VectoMax CG.
abstract: There is a great need for novel insecticides to control mosquitoes. VectoMax is a new mosquito larvicide that combines toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) and Bacillus sphaericus (Bs), and is designed to provide extended mosquito control. We tested the initial efficacy and longevity of control of mosquitoes using one of the formulations, VectoMax CG, in a full-scale study conducted in seasonal wetlands. VectoMax CG was applied by air at 8.9 kg/ha to 3 wetlands and 3 others were untreated controls. VectoMax CG controlled Culex tarsalis through day 28 and showed activity against Aedes melanimon. Use of this dual-material, extended-action formulation could minimize inspection visits and reduce application costs compared to Bti and Bs alone, and its combination of toxins may forestall resistance development.
authors.affiliation: Entomology Department, University of California at Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dritz
authors.forename: Sharon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lawler
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evkhanian
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Vic
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baracosa
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dula
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000378:metabolism; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002140:California; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods; D009033:Culicidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods; D011679:Pupa / Q000187:drug effects; D012621:Seasons; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D007306:Insecticides