title: How echinoccocosis affects potential cancer markers in plasma: galectin-3, sN-cadherin and sE-cadherin? A preliminary report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An increasing number of publications are suggesting that galectin-3 (Gal-3) and soluble cadherin fragments, such as E-cadherin (sE-CAD) and N-cadherin (sN-CAD), may be considered as cancer markers. Despite the promising results of the studies, there are no data concerning their levels in the plasma of echinococcosis patients. In most cases, echinoccocosis affects the liver, and its symptoms and disease course are very similar to those of liver cancer. The aim of the present study was to observe whether echinococcosis affects the concentration of soluble sN-CAD, sE-CAD fragments and Gal-3 in plasma and to determine which of them could be considered reliable liver cancer markers for further research.
  
  
  METHODS
  The concentrations of sN-CAD, sE-CAD and Gal-3 in the EDTA plasma of patients suffering from echinococcosis (N = 20), liver cancers (N = 10) and healthy subjects (N = 20) were measured using the ELISA method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma concentration of sE-CAD was lower (p = 0.0381), and that of Gal-3 higher (p = 0.0288), in echinococcosis than in the healthy group. However, only the concentration of sE-CAD differed significantly among the three analysed groups. In echinococcosis there was a correlation between the sE-CAD and CRP levels (rs = 0.79; p = 0.0066) as well as a correlation between the sE-CAD level and the number of leukocytes (rs = 0.65; p = 0.0210) in the blood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Echinococcosis affects the concentration of soluble sE-CAD fragments and Gal-3 in plasma. sE-CAD can be considered as a marker for differentiation between liver cancer and echinoccocossis, a parasitic liver disease similar in symptoms. Further study is required to confirm these preliminary results.
  The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/2115657402650448.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, Warsaw PL-02097, Poland. joanna.giebultowicz@wum.edu.pl
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giebultowicz
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Polanska-Plachta
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wroczynski
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zaborowski
authors.forename: Jerzy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Polanski
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015820:Cadherins / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004444:Echinococcosis, Hepatic / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins; D037502:Galectin 3; D002097:C-Reactive Protein