title: Anticheckpoint pathways at telomeres in yeast.
abstract: Telomeres hide (or 'cap') chromosome ends from DNA-damage surveillance mechanisms that arrest the cell cycle and promote repair, but the checkpoint status of telomeres is not well understood. Here we characterize the response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) flanked by varying amounts of telomeric repeat sequences (TG(1-3)). We show that even short arrays of TG(1-3) repeats do not induce G2/M arrest. Both Rif1 and Rif2 are required for capping at short, rapidly elongating ends, yet are largely dispensable for protection of longer telomeric arrays. Rif1 and Rif2 act through parallel pathways to block accumulation of both RPA and Rad24, activators of checkpoint kinase Mec1 (ATR). Finally, we show that Rif function is correlated with an 'anticheckpoint' effect, in which checkpoint recovery at an adjacent unprotected end is stimulated, and we provide insight into the molecular mechanism of this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ribeyre
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shore
mesh_terms: D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D059565:G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D011485:Protein Binding; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019098:Telomerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D034501:Telomere-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; C105362:RIF2 protein, S cerevisiae; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D034501:Telomere-Binding Proteins; C074461:RIF1 protein, S cerevisiae; C495151:RAD51 protein, S cerevisiae; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; D019098:Telomerase