title: Omega-3 improves glucose tolerance but increases lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in hepatocytes of fructose-fed rats.
abstract: The high consumption of fructose is linked to the increase in various characteristics of the metabolic syndrome. Fish oil is beneficial for the treatment of these comorbidities, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the consequences of the administration of fish oil concomitant to fructose ingestion during the experiment (45 days) and during the final 15 days in high-fructose-fed rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: control; those receiving 10% fish oil (FO); those receiving 60% fructose (Fr); those receiving 60% fructose and 10% fish oil for 45 days (FrFO); and those receiving fructose plus soybean oil for 30 days and fish oil for the final 15 days of the study (FrFO15). There was an increase in triacylglycerol, serum total cholesterol, and hepatic volume in the Fr group. The FO and FrFO groups experienced an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in serum reduced glutathione. The FrFO group suffered greater hepatic injury, with increased alanine aminotransferase levels and DNA damage. Marked n-3 incorporation occurred in the groups receiving fish oil, favoring a better response to the oral glucose tolerance test. Fructose induced comorbidities of the metabolic syndrome, and the use of fish oil promoted a better glucose tolerance, although it was accompanied by more hepatocyte damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. gabriela.castro@usp.br
authors.forename: Gabriela Salim Ferreira
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.forename: Raquel Alves
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Guilherme Vannucchi
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Portari
authors.forename: Alceu Afonso
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Jordão
authors.forename: Helio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vannucchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D002784:Cholesterol; D005978:Glutathione