title: Infiltrated leishmaniasis recidivans cutis on the face: a rare clinical presentation.
abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a protozoan disease caused by Leishmania and transmitted by the bite of some species of sand flies. Usually it presents with variety of clinical manifestations depending on both the infecting species of Leishmania and the immune response of the host. Leishmaniasis recidivans cutis (LRC) is a unique form of cutaneous leishmaniasis characterized by unusual clinical features and its chronic relapsing nature. It is an evolving form of cutaneous leishmaniasis which clinically presents as a spreading of the initial nodule, leading to a plaque formation simulating discoid lupus erythematosus. A clinical course of leishmania recidivans is probably related to changes in cell-mediated immunity leading to localized or diffuse lesions. We report a case that presented with infiltrated, atrophic plaque on a patient's face. Clinically, the lesion resembled the lesion of discoid lupus erythematosus and lupus vulgaris but the cutaneous biopsy proved the diagnosis to be LRC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. sadia.masood@aku.edu
authors.forename: Sadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masood
authors.forename: Shaheen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naveed
authors.forename: Rehan Uddin
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Alvi
mesh_terms: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D008179:Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008177:Lupus Vulgaris / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate