title: [Aspergillosis. Clinical forms and treatment].
abstract: Invasive aspergillosis, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis are the clinical forms of aspergillosis. Although there is a great number of Aspergillus species, Aspergillus fumigatus-complex is the more frequent aetiological agent, regardless of clinical form or baseline condition. The increase in immunosuppressive agents and the higher use of corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have led to aspergillosis becoming more prominent in recent years. Galactomannan detection and radiological diagnostic images complement the limitations of microbiology cultures in these patients. Voriconazole and liposomal amphotericin B are the gold standard in patients requiring therapy, and posaconazole, itraconazole, caspofungin and other echinocandins are effective alternatives. The prognosis depends of clinical forms and characteristics of the host, but it is particularly poor in the disseminated invasive forms.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. fortunabete@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fortún
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meije
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fresco
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D026141:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D016469:Fungemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008351:Mannans / Q000097:blood; D020953:Neuroaspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D055732:Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011859:Radiography; D012307:Risk Factors; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013045:Species Specificity; D035862:Vulnerable Populations
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D008351:Mannans; C012990:galactomannan; D005690:Galactose