title: Diagnosis of moyamoya disease using 3-T MRI and MRA: value of cisternal moyamoya vessels.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to propose new magnetic resonance (MR) criteria of diagnosing moyamoya disease (MMD) from cisternal moyamoya vessels (MMVs) on 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and compare the diagnostic accuracy of the existing MR criteria and the proposed MR criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants comprised 20 consecutive patients with MMD (4 males, 16 females) diagnosed clinically using conventional angiography and 20 controls (13 male and 7 female arteriosclerosis patients). In these participants, 3-T MRI/MRA was evaluated by the existing MR criteria, which use MMVs in the basal ganglia, and the proposed MR criteria, which use cisternal MMVs, and then these two criteria were statistically compared by McNemar's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic accuracy was 62.5% with the existing MR criteria and 97.5% with the proposed MR criteria. The proposed MR criteria was more sensitive (1.00) than the existing MR criteria (0.45), but less specific (0.95) than the existing MR criteria (1.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed MR criteria using cisternal MMVs showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than the existing MR criteria. We believe that our proposed MR criteria will be beneficial for diagnosing MMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Ken-Ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuta
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Mitsunori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanagaki
authors.forename: Seiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasahara
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Jun C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hidenao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Togashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity