title: Increases in cycling performance in response to caffeine ingestion are repeatable.
abstract: The primary aim of this study was to determine the repeatability of caffeine's ergogenic effects on cycling performance. It was hypothesized that improvements in performance would be similar when caffeine was ingested on 2 separate days. Nine endurance-trained men and women (mean age and maximal oxygen uptake, 27.4 ± 5.9 years and 57.5 ± 3.9 mL kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) initially completed 2 familiarization trials. During 3 subsequent sessions separated by at least 48 hours, the subjects completed a 10-km cycling time trial preceded by ingestion of a drink containing caffeine (5 mg/kg) or placebo. Treatments were ingested using a randomized, single-blind, crossover design, and the subjects were deceived as to the specific content of all drinks. During exercise, heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and time were recorded every 1.6 km. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the differences in variables across distance and treatment. In both caffeine trials, caffeine increased (P = .02) cycling performance by 1.6% and 1.9% vs placebo (16.98 ± 0.96 and 16.92 ± 0.97 minutes with caffeine vs 17.25 ± 0.96 minutes in placebo), and 7 of 9 subjects revealed improved performance. The mean performance improvement in the caffeine trials was similar (P = .35; -0.27 and -0.32 minutes, respectively) across days. Heart rate during exercise was higher (P b .001) with caffeine vs placebo, although the rating of perceived exertion was similar (P = .65). Data reveal that caffeine's ergogenic effects on cycling performance are repeatable across days, yet some individuals did not exhibit improved performance with caffeine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, California State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA. astorino@csusm.edu
authors.forename: Todd A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Astorino
authors.forename: Trisha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cottrell
authors.forename: Andrea Talhami
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: Kylan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aburto-Pratt
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duhon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D001628:Beverages; D001642:Bicycling; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010465:Perception; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D058573:Performance-Enhancing Substances; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002110:Caffeine