title: [Hemangioma. New aspects of pathogenesis, differential diagnosis and therapy].
abstract: With a prevalence of 10–12% infantile hemangiomas (IH) represent the most common skin tumor in infancy. They are characterized by a sequence of growth and, in 90%, spontaneous regression. Special manifestations of IH include hemangiomatosis, congenital hemangioma (RICH/NICH), reticular and segmental hemangiomas (PHACE, PELVIS/SACRAL syndrome). The latter represent a transition between vascular tumor and vascular malformation. Important differential diagnoses of IH include pyogenic granuloma (PG) and hemangioendothelioma (HAE) of which PG is a common, benign vascular tumor with a predilection for the facial region and a proneness to bleed whereas HAE is a slowly growing tumor exhibiting infiltrative growth; unlike IH it is associated with the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome of consumptive coagulopathy. The majority of IHs do not require therapy, however, therapy is absolutely indicated for ulcerating or obstructive IH where propranolol is considered the first-line therapy. Non-obstructive facial IH represents a relative indication for therapy. Cryotherapy is most suitable for IH with diameters below 1 cm and a depth < 4 mm.
authors.affiliation: Abteilungen Pädiatrie und päd. Dermatologie, Katholisches Kinderkrankenhaus Wilhelmstift, Liliencronstraße130, 22149 Hamburg. paediatrie@kkh-wilhelmstift.de
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Höger
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011433:Propranolol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D011433:Propranolol