title: Serum adipokine levels in adults with a history of childhood maltreatment.
abstract: Individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment present increased rates of metabolic disturbances, but the underlying mechanisms for such phenomena are poorly understood. This study examined whether the secretion of adipokines, adipocyte-derived inflammation markers closely associated with metabolic disorders, is altered in individuals with a history of childhood maltreatment. The serum levels of inflammatory markers adiponectin and resistin were measured from 147 general population participants who had a history of adverse mental symptoms, and who also reported their experiences of childhood maltreatment. Participants with experiences of childhood maltreatment (n=30) had lowered levels of serum adiponectin (p=0.007) and resistin (p=0.028). The differences in adiponectin levels persisted in multivariate modeling with adjustments for age, gender, and body mass index (OR for each 1 standard deviation decrease in the serum adiponectin level 2.65, 95% CI 1.31-5.35, p=0.007). Additional adjustments for marital status or a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, or the exclusion of individuals using NSAIDs, oral corticosteroids, or antidepressants did not alter the results. The association between resistin levels and childhood maltreatment did not remain independent in the same models. Our findings suggest that in individuals with previously reported adverse mental symptoms, a history of childhood maltreatment is independently associated with lowered levels of the anti-inflammatory marker adiponectin. This may lead to a lowered anti-inflammatory buffer capacity, which can, in turn, increase the susceptibility to physical and psychological states characterized by pronounced pro-inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. Soili.Lehto@kuh.fi
authors.forename: Soili M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lehto
authors.forename: Antti-Pekka
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Elomaa
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Niskanen
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Herzig
authors.forename: Tommi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tolmunen
authors.forename: Heimo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Viinamäki
authors.forename: Heli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koivumaa-Honkanen
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huotari
authors.forename: Kirsi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honkalampi
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valkonen-Korhonen
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinikallio
authors.forename: Heli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ruotsalainen
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hintikka
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D054523:Adult Survivors of Child Abuse; D000367:Age Factors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood*; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D052243:Resistin