title: Plantar pressure distribution among asymptomatic individuals: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to establish normative data on pressure distribution under the feet (plantar pressure) in standing using a free-mapping device and to find out the association of arch type to that of the plantar pressures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was carried out among 628 participants aged between 6 and 81 years with no known foot problems or other ailments such as type 2 diabetes or neuropathy, which are known to have an impact on plantar pressures. Plantar pressure measurements were quantitatively recorded using a baropodometric platform (i-Step).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both males and females of the specified age-group, metatarsal heads were overloaded in terms of magnitude. Increased overload noted in the static plantar pressure measurement is associated with type of the foot arch and gender. A statistically significant relationship between the pressures of left and right feet, pressures under 2 different areas of foot (forefoot and heel), and the average pressures of both feet was also observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data could be used to establish age-based normative plantar pressures in the Indian population and provide a basis to assess feet with planus and cavus deformities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, India. syed_nafeez@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nafeez
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karvannan
authors.forename: Arun G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Maiya
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Binukumar
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prem
authors.forename: Raj Devashish
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Chakravarty
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011312:Pressure; D055815:Young Adult