title: Person-to-person interventions targeted to parents and other caregivers to improve adolescent health: a community guide systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adolescence marks a time when many young people engage in risky behaviors with potential implications for long-term health. Interventions focused on adolescents' parents and other caregivers have the potential to affect adolescents across a variety of risk and health-outcome areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community Guide methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of caregiver-targeted interventions in addressing adolescent risk and protective behaviors and health outcomes. Sixteen studies published during the search period (1966-2007) met review requirements and were included in this review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Effectiveness was assessed based on changes in whether or not adolescents engaged in specified risk and protective behaviors; frequency of risk and protective behaviors, and health outcomes, also informed the results. Results from qualifying studies provided sufficient evidence that interventions delivered person-to-person (i.e., through some form of direct contact rather than through other forms of contact such as Internet or paper) and designed to modify parenting skills by targeting parents and other caregivers are effective in improving adolescent health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions delivered to parents and other caregivers affect a cross-cutting array of adolescent risk and protective behaviors to yield improvements in adolescent health. Analysis from this review forms the basis of the recommendation by the Community Preventive Services Task Force presented elsewhere in this issue.
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Barri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burrus
authors.forename: Kimberly D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Leeks
authors.forename: Theresa Ann
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sipe
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dolina
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soler
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barrios
authors.forename: Arlene
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greenspan
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fishbein
authors.forename: Mary Lou
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lindegren
authors.forename: Angeli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Achrekar
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dittus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D012309:Risk-Taking