title: Long-chain alkanes and ent-labdane-type diterpenes from Gymnosperma glutinosum with cytotoxic activity against the murine lymphoma L5178Y-R.
abstract: The antitumor potential of Gymnosperma glutinosum was previously reported using the in vitro and in vivo L5178Y-R lymphoma murine model. The present study was carried out to isolate and identify the cytotoxic compounds present in the Gymnosperma glutinosum leaf hexane extract. Gymnosperma glutinosum was collected in the semi-arid region of Escobedo, State of Nuevo León, México, but it is commonly found in northeastern Mexico; it is traditionally used as a treatment for diarrhea, ulcers and rheumatism. G. glutinosum leaves were extracted with hexane and further fractioned and subfractioned over silica gel by gradient elution with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. The cytotoxicity of fractions and subfractions was assessed in vitro against L5178Y-R lymphoma cells. Structure elucidation of the active compounds was determined by spectroscopic methods. Fractions and subfractions showed significant (p < 0.05) and concentration-dependent 20% to 56% cytotoxicity against L5178Y-R cells at concentrations ranging from 7.8 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the hexane extract resulted in the isolation and identification of the alkane hentriacontane and the diterpene ent-labd-7-en-13S,14R,15-triol as the metabolites responsible for the activity.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Pedro de Alba S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México, 66451. rgomez60@hotmail.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gomez-Flores
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quintanilla-Licea
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Verde-Star
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morado-Castillo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Díaz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tamez-Guerra
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tamez-Guerra
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Padilla
mesh_terms: D000473:Alkanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology*; D008800:Mexico; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004224:Diterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts