title: [Endoscopic surgery and endoscopy-assisted surgery for the malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP) treated by nasal endoscopic and endoscopy-assisted surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven cases with malignant transformation of SIP treated by nasal endoscopic and endoscopy-assisted surgery from February 2001 to December 2010 were reviewed. Followed-up time after surgery for each case was over 3 years. All cases were unilateral disease and at grade IV according to the SIP grading standards of Krouse. One case was T2, five T3, and one T4. The surgery were performed under general anaesthesia or local and strengthen anaesthesia. Postoperative radiotherapy was applied, with the doses of 60 - 70 GY.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases were squamous cell carcinoma confirmed pathologically after surgery. The patients were followed up with endoscopic examination for 3 - 5 years. Of 7 cases, recurrent disease occurred in 3 years after operation, but no recurrence in other 4 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasal endoscopic and endoscopy-assisted surgery can be used in the treatment for the malignant transformation of SIP, with the advantages of minimally invasion, fewer complications and the well-preserved nasal functions. Application of radiotherapy after surgery could improve long-term survival efficacy of the patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, YiDu Central Hospital, Weifang, China. sunweiyuanent@163.com
authors.forename: Wei-yuan
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Rui-hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Zhi-jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*