title: Reactive skin decontamination lotion (RSDL) for the decontamination of chemical warfare agent (CWA) dermal exposure.
abstract: Rapid decontamination of the skin is the single most important action to prevent dermal absorption of chemical contaminants in persons exposed to chemical warfare agents (CWA) and toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) as a result of accidental or intentional release. Chemicals on the skin may be removed by mechanical means through the use of dry sorbents or water. Recent interest in decontamination systems which both partition contaminants away from the skin and actively neutralize the chemical has led to the development of several reactive decontamination solutions. This article will review the recently FDA-approved Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) and will summarize the toxicity and efficacy studies conducted to date. Evidence of RSDL's superior performance against vesicant and organophosphorus chemical warfare agents compared to water, bleach, and dry sorbents, suggests that RSDL may have a role in mass human exposure chemical decontamination in both the military and civilian arenas.
authors.affiliation: Office of Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response, National Center for Environmental Health/Centers for Disease Control, 1600 Clifton Rd, Mailstop F-09, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. Aeo8@cdc.gov
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kirk
authors.forename: S J D
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Reedy
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Braue
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods*; D003931:Diacetyl / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004349:Drug Packaging; D006801:Humans; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011041:Poisoning / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017640:Silicates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D063465:Skin Cream; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D017640:Silicates; C004717:diacetylmonoxime; C001262:Fuller's Earth; D003931:Diacetyl