title: Chitosan-based luminescent/magnetic hybrid nanogels for insulin delivery, cell imaging, and antidiabetic research of dietary supplements.
abstract: In this work, the chitosan-based luminescent/magnetic (CLM) nanomaterials were synthesized by direct gelation of chitosan, CdTe and superparamagnetic iron oxide into the hybrid nanogels. The morphology, sizes and properties of the nanogels prepared with different chitosan/QD/MNP ratios and under different processing parameters were researched. Fluorescence microscopy, FTIR spectra and TEM images confirmed the success of the preparation of the CLM hybrid nanogels. Spherical CLM hybrid nanogels with appropriate average sizes (<160 nm) were used for insulin loading. The actual loading amount of insulin was approximately 40.1mg/g. Human normal hepatocytes L02 cell line was used to explore the effects of additives, such as mangiferin (MF), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) on the insulin-receptor-mediated cellular uptake using insulin-loaded CLM (ICLM) hybrid nanogels. Above 80% of viability of L02 cells were watched at a nanogels concentration of 500 μg/mL whatever the additives existed or not. The study discovered that the fluorescent signals of the ICLM hybrid nanogels in L02 cells were more intense in the presence of MF, EGCG and ECG in medium than in the absence of these components, respectively. These results demonstrate that MF, EGCG and ECG are potentially able to enhance targeting combination of insulin with L02 cells and improve insulin sensitivity in L02 cells. The hybrid nanogels designed as a targeting carrier can potentially offer an approach for integration of insulin delivery, cell imaging, and antidiabetic investigation of dietary supplements.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Luan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hui-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hai-Xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D049449:Luminescence; D008280:Magnetics; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D045663:Quantum Dots; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D044004:Xanthones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D044004:Xanthones; C000499:ferric oxide; C013592:mangiferin; D002392:Catechin; D048271:Chitosan; C062669:epicatechin gallate; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D011972:Receptor, Insulin