title: Validation of three virtual reality Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) modules.
abstract: The Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) box trainer is the gold standard for development of laparoscopic technical skills however the scoring metrics require a trained proctor and do not allow for immediate feedback. The Lap Mentor™ virtual-reality (LMVR) FLS tasks, with automated scoring metrics and haptic feedback, may be a suitable alternative. We determined the construct and concurrent validity of LMVR-FLS. Participants with a range of laparoscopic experience performed 3 FLS tasks on both simulators. The LMVR-FLS demonstrated moderate concurrent validity and evidence for construct validity. Further research is required to determine if skill acquisition on these modules is transferable to the operating room.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, University Health Network, 190 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G2C4.
authors.forename: Kristen B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Pitzul
authors.forename: Teodor P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Grantcharov
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okrainec
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000592:standards*; D013337:Students, Medical; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014584:User-Computer Interface