title: Abnormal expression of genes involved in inflammation, lipid metabolism, and Wnt signaling in the adipose tissue of polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to compare gene expression pattern in sc abdominal adipose tissue in nonobese PCOS patients vs. body mass index-matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven PCOS subjects and 12 controls (body mass index 20-28 kg/m(2)) were recruited. Total RNA was isolated, and gene expression profiling was performed using Affymetrix Human Genome U133 arrays. Differentially expressed genes were classified by gene ontology. Microarray results for selected genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance tests were used to assess dynamic insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-six genes were identified with altered expression of at least 2-fold in nonobese PCOS adipose tissues. Inflammatory response genes were significantly down-regulated. RT-qPCR confirmed decreases in expression of IL6 (12.3-fold), CXCL2 (18.3-fold), and SOCS3 (22.6-fold). Lipid metabolism genes associated with insulin resistance were significantly up-regulated, with confirmed increases in DHRS9 (2.5-fold), UCLH1 (2.6-fold), and FADS1 (2.8-fold) expression. Wnt signaling genes (DKK2, JUN, and FOSB) were differentially expressed. RT-qPCR confirmed significant expression changes in DKK2 (1.9-fold increase), JUN (4.1-fold decrease), and FOSB (60-fold decrease).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genes involved in inflammation, lipid metabolism, and Wnt signaling are differentially expressed in nonobese PCOS adipose tissue. Because these genes are known to affect adipogenesis and insulin resistance, we hypothesize that their dysregulation may contribute to the metabolic abnormalities observed in women with PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Gregorio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chazenbalk
authors.forename: Yen-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Saleh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heneidi
authors.forename: Jung-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pall
authors.forename: Yii-Der Ida
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azziz
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D060449:Wnt Signaling Pathway / Q000235:genetics*