title: [Propofol target controlled infusion plus a low concentration of sevoflurane inhalation induction anesthesia for the removal of foreign body from tracheobronchus in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effects of propofol target controlled infusion (TCI) plus a low concentration of sevoflurane inhalation induction for the removal of tracheobronchial foreign body in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  After the approval of the hospital ethics committee, a total of 90 patients, aged 9 - 36 months old and weighted 8 - 17 kg, were randomly divided into 3 groups: group A, group B and group C. Propofol TCI plus a low concentration of sevoflurane inhalation induction was administered in group A while ketamine or fentanyl plus propofol TCI in group B or C respectively. Effects of anesthesia, complications and recovery durations were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of severe breathholding and bucking during inserting bronchoscope was 1 case in group A, 7 in group B and 5 in group C. There were significant differences between groups A and B (P < 0.05). The minimal intra-operative SpO2 in group B or group C was lower than that in group A (P < 0.01). The cases for intra-operative SpO2 < 95% in group B or group C were more than that in group A (P < 0.01). And the maximal target concentration of propofol was significantly higher than that in group A (P < 0.01). Ten cases in group B had laryngeal stridor and dyspnea during inspirations post-operatively and occurred more frequently than those in group A or C (P < 0.01). As compared with group A and C, post-operative staying lengths and recovery durations were significantly longer in those in group B (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propofol TCI plus a low concentration of sevoflurane inhalation induction is both safe and practical for the controlled removal of tracheobronchial foreign body in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325027, China.
authors.forename: Xu-tong
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dan-si
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Hua-cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Er-zhan
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000379:methods*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014132:Trachea
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D015742:Propofol