title: The role of immigration and in-situ radiation in explaining blood parasite assemblages in an island bird clade.
abstract: Parasite communities on islands are assembled through multiple immigrations and/or in-situ diversification. In this study, we used a phylogenetic approach to investigate the role of such processes in shaping current patterns of diversity in Leucocytozoon, a group of haemosporidian blood parasites infecting whites eyes (Zosterops) endemic to the Mascarene archipelago (south-western Indian Ocean). We found that this parasite community arose through a combination of multiple immigrations and in-situ diversification, highlighting the importance of both processes in explaining island diversity. Specifically, two highly diverse parasite clades appear to have been present in the Mascarenes for most of their evolutionary history and have diversified within the archipelago, while another lineage apparently immigrated more recently, probably with human-introduced birds. Interestingly, the evolutionary histories of one clade of parasites and Indian Ocean Zosterops seem tightly associated with a significant signal for phylogenetic congruence, suggesting that host-parasite co-divergence may have occurred in this system.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), UMR 5174-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, France. cornuaul@cict.fr
authors.forename: Josselin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cornuault
authors.forename: Anaïs
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bataillard
authors.forename: Ben H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lootvoet
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mirleau
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.forename: Borja
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Milá
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thébaud
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heeb
mesh_terms: D025041:Animal Migration; D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D001769:Blood / Q000469:parasitology*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017753:Ecosystem; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005843:Geography; D016787:Haemosporida / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D019156:Indian Ocean; D046109:Passeriformes / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011529:Protozoan Infections, Animal / Q000469:parasitology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan