title: Effects of duodenal-jejunal exclusion on beta cell function and hormonal regulation in Goto-Kakizaki rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of our work was to investigate the hormones that control glycemic status and in vitro β-cell function in diabetes mellitus after a duodenal-jejunal exclusion in Goto-Kakizaki rats (Taconic, Denmark).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three rats (age, 12-14 wk) were randomized as follows: group 1 (n = 14), no intervention (control); or group 2 (n = 9), duodenal-jejunal exclusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 2, levels of glucagon and leptin were lower than in group 1 at 1 week and at 8 weeks. Glucagon-like peptide 1 levels had a significant increase at 8 weeks from basal value in group 2 and this value was higher than in group 1. The insulin secretion at 60 minutes in group 2 was higher than in group 1 (group 1, 12.9 ± 12.0 μg/L vs group 2, 41.9 ± 36.3 μg/L; P < .05). Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of insulin at 2 months was higher in the rat pancreas of the experimental group than in the control group (group 1, .99 ± .48 mRNA amount vs group 2, 1.66 ± .33 mRNA amount; P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gastrojejunal bypass in this model improves glucose ratios, with a significant increase of glucagon-like peptide 1 and decrease of homeostasis model assessment, glucagon, and leptin levels after surgery. This type of surgery improves mRNA insulin expression in pancreatic islets and insulin secretion as well.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School, Unit of Investigation, Surgical Department, and Endocrinology Department, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, C/Los perales 16, Simancas 47130, Valladolid, Spain. dadluis@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Luis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonzalez Sagrado
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Primo
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Conde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon