title: Doppler in obstetrics:  beyond the umbilical artery.
abstract: Doppler analysis of the umbilical and uterine arteries has long been performed in perinatal medicine to assess fetal health and maternal risk for preeclampsia. Several other vessels can be interrogated to obtain additional, vital information. Velocimetry in the fetal middle cerebral artery can yield evidence of the presence or absence of anemia and, in cases of delayed growth, of the risk of hypoxic damage. Ductus venosus waveforms are a very good indicator of impeding fetal jeopardy and should be used when umbilical artery waveforms become abnormal. Early pregnancy uterine artery Doppler reflects the status of the placental vasculature and, as such, is an excellent tool for predicting the risk of preeclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany. karim.kalache@charite.de
authors.forename: Karim D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Kalache
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dückelmann
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000175:diagnosis; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000175:diagnosis; D005333:Fetus / Q000098:blood supply; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055988:Uterine Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging