title: Transperitoneal laparoscopic heminephrectomy in duplex kidneys: a one centre experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The standard treatment for a duplex kidney with poorly functioning upper pole moiety is ipsilateral upper pole heminephrectomy. This procedure is usually performed by open surgery, but with recent developments in techniques of uro-laparoscopy, it can be done with it, safely. In this study we evaluated the results and safety of laparoscopic heminephrectomy in our consecutive cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  From February 2001 to May 2007 fourteen unilateral laparoscopic heminephrectomy were performed in our center. Patients' characteristics, presenting symptoms, operative time, and blood loss, early and late complications were all collected retrospectively. Using pre-operative ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography (IVP) and CT scanning, unilateral upper pole hydronephrosis was detected in all cases. By DMSA isotope scan hypofunctioning of ipsilateral moieties was detected in all cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean operative time was 203±80 minutes. No major intra-operative or early complications were identified. Mean hospital stay was 4.1 days. On mean follow-up of 32 months no disturbing symptoms or episodes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) were detected. Atrophic kidney was detected in one case in post-operative IVP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic heminephrectomy is a valuable minimal invasive procedure that can be performed safely in experienced hands without any important complication. Perfect renal pedicles vascular system manipulation is important for the preservation of renal function post-operatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Moradi Hospital, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abedinzadeh
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nouralizadeh
authors.forename: Mohammad Hadi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Radfar
authors.forename: Mohammad Kazem
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Moslemi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D021501:Flank Pain / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult