title: [Primary superficial small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of esophagus: clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of 15 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of primary superficial esophageal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (ESCNC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical features were retrospectively analyzed in 15 cases of superficial ESCNC. An immunohistochemical study for chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, CD56, TTF-1, 34βE12, AE1/AE3, and CK10/13 was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Superficial ESCNC accounted for 4.8%(15/312) of all cases of superficial carcinoma of the esophagus encountered during the same period. The median survival time was 19 months and the mean survival time was 23.7 months after diagnosis. The one, two and five-year survival rates were 10/15, 5/15 and 1/15, respectively. The immunophenotypic profile was as follows: neuron-specific enolase (15/15), synaptophysin (15/15), AE1/AE3 (15/15), CD56 (14/15), TTF-1 (9/15), chromogranin A (8/15), 34βE12 (1/15) and CK10/13 (0/15).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Superficial ESCNC is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Surgical resection coupled with post-operative chemoradiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. The immunohistochemical study is valuable in pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Li-yan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Shuang-mei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Xiu-yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017920:Antiporters / Q000378:metabolism; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D059186:Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant; D053379:Chromogranin A / Q000378:metabolism; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000378:metabolism; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D017920:Antiporters; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D053379:Chromogranin A; C000614412:NKX2-1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C489237:SLC4A3 protein, human; D016708:Synaptophysin; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase