title: Validity of child anthropometric measurements in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) serves 50% of infants and 25% of preschool-aged children in the United States and collects height and weight measurements from eligible children every 6 mo, making WIC data a valuable resource for studying childhood growth and obesity. We assessed the accuracy of measurements collected by WIC staff by comparing them to "gold standard" measurements collected by trained research staff.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) measuring agreement between WIC and research protocol measurements for height, weight, and BMI were 0.96, 0.99, and 0.93, respectively. Although WIC measurements overestimated height by 0.6 cm and weight by 0.05 kg on average, BMI was underestimated by only 0.15 kg/m(2) on average. WIC BMI percentiles classified children as overweight/obese vs. underweight/normal with 86% sensitivity and 92% specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that height, weight, and BMI measurements of children aged 2-5 y collected by trained WIC staff are sufficiently accurate for monitoring and research purposes.
  
  
  METHODS
  At seven WIC clinics in southern California, 287 children aged 2-5 y measured for height and weight by WIC staff using WIC standard protocol were remeasured by research staff using a research protocol (duplicate measurements with shoes and outerwear removed were taken by trained personnel).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA. ccrespi@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Crespi
authors.forename: Vivian H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Alfonso
authors.forename: Shannon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Whaley
authors.forename: May C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000885:Anthropology, Physical / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002140:California; D002662:Child Health Services; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014481:United States; D014932:Women's Health Services