title: Virus-polymer hybrid nanowires tailored to detect prostate-specific membrane antigen.
abstract: We demonstrate the de novo fabrication of a biosensor, based upon virus-containing poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanowires, that detects prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). This development process occurs in three phases: (1) isolation of a M13 virus with a displayed polypeptide receptor, from a library of ≈10(11) phage-displayed peptides, which binds PSMA with high affinity and selectivity, (2) microfabrication of PEDOT nanowires that entrain these virus particles using the lithographically patterned nanowire electrodeposition (LPNE) method, and (3) electrical detection of the PSMA in high ionic strength (150 mM salt) media, including synthetic urine, using an array of virus-PEDOT nanowires with the electrical resistance of these nanowires for transduction. The electrical resistance of an array of these nanowires increases linearly with the PSMA concentration from 20 to 120 nM in high ionic strength phosphate-buffered fluoride (PBF) buffer, yielding a limit of detection (LOD) for PSMA of 56 nM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States.
authors.forename: Jessica A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Arter
authors.forename: Juan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Keith C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Donavan
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Reginald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Penner
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology*; D017104:Bacteriophage M13 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry*; D004867:Equipment Design; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D053770:Nanowires / Q000737:chemistry*; D019151:Peptide Library; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D019151:Peptide Library; D010455:Peptides; D011108:Polymers; C121383:poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene); C473848:FOLH1 protein, human; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II