title: Arabidopsis thaliana proliferating cell nuclear antigen has several potential sumoylation sites.
abstract: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is post-translationally modified in yeast and animal cells. Major studies carried out in the last decade have focused on the role of sumoylated and ubiquitinated PCNA. Using different approaches, an interaction between plant PCNA and SUMO both in vivo and in bacteria has been demonstrated for the first time. In addition, identical sumoylation patterns for both AtPCNA1 and 2 were observed in bacteria. The plant PCNA sumoylation pattern has been shown to differ significantly from that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This result contrasts with a common opinion based on previous structural analysis of yeast, human, and plant PCNAs, which treats PCNA as a highly conserved protein even between species. Analyses of AtPCNA post-translational modifications using different SUMO proteins (SUMO1, 2, 3, and 5) revealed similar modification patterns for each tested SUMO protein. Potential target lysine residues that might be sumoylated in vivo were identified on the basis of in bacteria AtPCNA mutational analyses. Taken together, these results clearly show that plant PCNA is post-translationally modified in bacteria and may be sumoylated in a plant cell at various sites. These data open up important new perspectives for further detailed studies on the role of PCNA sumoylation in plant cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland. wojciech.strzalka@uj.edu.pl
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Strzalka
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Labecki
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bartnicki
authors.forename: Chhavi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rapala-Kozik
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gabrys
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001120:Arginine / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D008239:Lysine / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D058207:Sumoylation; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; C477514:SCE1a protein, Arabidopsis; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D001120:Arginine; D008239:Lysine