title: Synthesis, structural characterization, solution behavior, and in vitro antiproliferative properties of a series of gold complexes with 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole as ligand: comparisons of gold(III) versus gold(I) and mononuclear versus binuclear derivatives.
abstract: A variety of gold(III) and gold(I) derivatives of 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole (pbiH) were synthesized and fully characterized and their antiproliferative properties evaluated in a representative ovarian cancer cell line. The complexes include the mononuclear species [(pbi)AuX(2)] (X = Cl, 1; OAc, 2), [(pbiH)AuCl] (3), [(pbiH)Au(PPh(3))][PF(6)] (4-PF(6)), and [(pbi)Au(L)] (L = PPh(3), 5; TPA, 6), and the binuclear gold(I)/gold(I) and gold(I)/gold(III) derivatives [(PPh(3))(2)Au(2)(μ(2)-pbi)][PF(6)] (10-PF(6)), [ClAu(μ(3)-pbi)AuCl(2)] (7),and [(PPh(3))Au(μ(3)-pbi)AuX(2)][PF(6)] (X = Cl, 8-PF(6); OAc, 9-PF(6)). The molecular structures of 6, 7, and 10-PF(6) were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The chemical behavior of these compounds in solution was analyzed both by cyclic voltammetry in DMF and absorption UV-vis spectroscopy in an aqueous buffer. Overall, the stability of these gold compounds was found to be acceptable for the cellular studies. For all complexes, relevant antiproliferative activities in vitro were documented against A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells, either resistant or sensitive to cisplatin, with IC(50) values falling in the low micromolar or even in the nanomolar range. The investigated gold compounds were found to overcome resistance to cisplatin to a large degree. Results are interpreted and discussed in the frame of current knowledge on cytotoxic and antitumor gold compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serratrice
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cinellu
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maiore
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pilo
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zucca
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gabbiani
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guerri
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Landini
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nobili
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mini
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Messori
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D050607:Organogold Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C479869:2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D050607:Organogold Compounds