title: Paradoxical expression of IL-28B mRNA in peripheral blood in human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 mono-infection and co-infection with hepatitis C virus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) carriers co-infected with and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been known to be at higher risk of their related diseases than mono-infected individuals. The recent studies clarified that IL-28B polymorphism rs8099917 is associated with not only the HCV therapeutic response by IFN, but also innate immunity and antiviral activity. The aim of our research was to clarify study whether IL-28B gene polymorphism (rs8099917) is associated with HTLV-1/HCV co-infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotyping and viral-serological analysis for 340 individuals showed that IL-28B genotype distribution of rs8099917 SNP did not differ significantly by respective viral infection status. However, the IL-28B mRNA expression level was 3.8 fold higher in HTLV-1 mono-infection than HTLV-1/HCV co-infection. The high expression level was associated with TT (OR, 6.25), whiles the low expression was associated with co-infection of the two viruses (OR, 9.5). However, there was no association between down-regulation and ATL development (OR, 0.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HTLV-1 mono-infection up-regulates the expression of IL-28B transcripts in genotype-dependent manner, whiles HTLV-1/HCV co-infection down-regulates regardless of ATL development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan. kamihira@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shimeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamihira
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Tatsuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: Yoshitomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morinaga
authors.forename: Sayaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Hiroo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanematu
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakao
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002460:Cell Line; D060085:Coinfection / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D007372:Interferons; D007378:Interleukins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda