title: Oral focal epithelial hyperplasia: report of 3 cases with human papillomavirus DNA sequencing analysis.
abstract: Focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH), or Heck's disease, is a benign proliferative viral infection of the oral mucosa that is related to Human Papil-lomavirus (HPV), mainly subtypes 13 and 32. Although this condition is known to exist in numerous populations and ethnic groups, the reported  cases among Caucasians are relatively rare. It presents as asymptomatic papules or nodules on the oral mucosa, gingiva, tongue, and lips. Histopathologically, it is characterized by parakeratosis, epithelial hyperplasia, focal acanthosis, fusion, and horizontal outgrowth of epithelial ridges  and the cells named mitozoids. The purpose of this case report was to present 3 cases of focal epithelial hyperplasia in a pediatric age group. Histopathological and clinical features of cases are discussed and DNA sequencing analysis is reported in which HPV 13, HPV 32, and HPV 11 genomes  are detected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Gültekin
authors.forename: Benay
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tokman Yildirim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarisoy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D017573:Focal Epithelial Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D052140:Human papillomavirus 11 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000821:virology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*