title: Shear bond strength of composite to deep dentin after treatment with two different collagen cross-linking agents at varying time intervals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This in vitro study evaluated the shear bond strength of composite resin to deep dentin using a total etch adhesive after treatment with two collagen cross-linking agents at varying time intervals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty freshly extracted human maxillary central incisors were sectioned longitudinally into equal mesial and distal halves (n=60). The proximal deep dentin was exposed, maintaining a remaining dentin thickness (RDT) of approximately 1 mm. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups based on the surface treatment of dentin prior to bonding as follows: group I (n=12, control): no prior dentin surface treatment; group II (n=24): dentin surface pretreated with 10% sodium ascorbate; and group III (n=24): dentin surface pretreated with 6.5% proanthocyanidin. Groups II and III were further subdivided into two subgroups of 12 specimens each, based on the pretreatment time of five minutes (subgroup A) and 10 minutes (subgroup B). Shear bond strength of the specimens was tested with a universal testing machine, and the data were statistically analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly higher shear bond strength to deep dentin was observed in teeth treated with 10% sodium ascorbate (group II) and 6.5% proanthocyanidin (group III) compared to the control group (group I). Among the collagen cross-linkers used, specimens treated with proanthocyanidin showed significantly higher shear bond strength values than those treated with sodium ascorbate. No significant difference was observed between the five-minute and 10-minute pretreatment times in groups II and III.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that dentin surface pretreatment with both 10% sodium ascorbate and 6.5% proanthocyanidin resulted in significant improvement in bond strength of resin composite to deep dentin.
authors.affiliation: SRM Dental College, Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srinivasulu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vidhya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sujatha
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahalaxmi
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D003094:Collagen / Q000187:drug effects; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C520091:CeramX; D003188:Composite Resins; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003764:Dental Materials; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C013221:proanthocyanidin; D003094:Collagen; C030242:phosphoric acid; D001205:Ascorbic Acid