title: Figures and institutions of the neurological sciences in Paris from 1800 to 1950. Part III: neurology.
abstract: We present a short historical review of the major figures, their administrative functions and their works that contributed to make Paris a renowned centre of physiology and neurology during the xixth and the first half of the xxth century. We purposely chose to focus on the period 1800-1950, as 1800 corresponds to the actual beginning of neurosciences, and 1950 marks their exponential rise. Our presentation is divided into four chapters, matching the main disciplines which have progressed and contributed the most to the knowledge we have of the brain sciences: anatomy, physiology, neurology, and psychiatry-psychology. The present article is the third of four parts of this review, and deals with neurology. A special credit should be given to Jean-Martin Charcot who founded the Salpêtrière School of neurology and became one of the world's most important neurologists of the xixth century. We provide below the biographical sketches of Armand Trousseau, Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne, Jean-Martin Charcot, Alfred Vulpian, Désiré-Magloire Bourneville, Paul Richer, Henri Parinaud, Albert Pitres, Jules Joseph Dejerine, Mrs. Augusta Dejerine-Klumpke, Édouard Brissaud, Pierre Marie, Georges Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette, Joseph Babinski, André Thomas, Georges Marinesco, Achille Alexandre Souques, Georges Guillain and Charles Foix.
authors.affiliation: Service de neurologie C, hôpital neurologique Pierre-Wertheimer, université Claude-Bernard Lyon I, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France. emmanuel.broussolle@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Broussolle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Clarac
authors.forename: J-G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Barbara
mesh_terms: D000047:Academies and Institutes / Q000266:history* / Q000458:organization & administration; D005197:Famous Persons; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D009462:Neurology / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D010297:Paris; D010820:Physicians; D011173:Portraits as Topic; D012586:Science / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D000078329:Workforce