title: Embolization of immediate release transcatheter patch for atrial septal defect occlusion: the causes and the pitfalls to avoid.
abstract: We report embolization of a bioabsorbable immediate-release patch for closure of atrial septal defect into left atrium with forward movement into and out of the mitral valve during each cardiac cycle. The dislodged device was ultimately explanted by a surgical operation and the defect was closed. We discuss causes and recommend tips to prevent such a serious potential complication. We also suggest some modifications to the device for making it more safe and effective.
authors.affiliation: Children's Medical Center (Pediatrics Center of Excellence), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 62, Dr. Gharib's Street, End of Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran 1419733151, Iran. erad@tums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Elaheh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malakan Rad
authors.forename: Paridokht Nakhostin
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Davari
authors.forename: Hojjat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mortezaeian
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020878:Device Removal; D004452:Echocardiography; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D055989:Septal Occluder Device / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome