title: [Analysis of clinical manifestations of rhinal and pharyngeal and laryngeal amyloidosis by 12 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the clinical characteristic of rhinal and pharyngeal and laryngeal amyloidosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve cases of amyloidosis was confirmed,one case of multiple myeloma accompanied pharynx nasalis, laryngeal and facial amyloidosis was diagnosed and treated by chemotherapy in department of hematology; one case of plasmacytoma accompanied amyloidosis in right inferior turbinate concha was expected by nasal endoscope under local anesthesia and was treated by chemotherapy in department of hematology; five cases of polyps of vocal cord accompanied laryngeal amyloidosis were expected under self-retaining laryngoscope; three cases of local amyloidosis in bilateral vocal cords, subglottis and trachea were expected under self-retaining laryngoscope by polypotome and/ or CO2 laser; one case of pharyngeal amyloidosis in right tonsil was treated by tonsillectomy and the other case of local amyloidosis in lingual surface of epiglottis was expected by direct laryngoscope under general anaesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One case of multiple myeloma accompanied pharynx nasalis, laryngeal and facial amyloidosis died after 18 months because of cachexia accompanied pneumonia and multiple organ failure; one case of plasmacytoma accompanied amyloidosis in right inferior turbinate concha was relapse-free followed up for 2 years; five cases of polyps of vocal cord accompanied laryngeal amyloidosis were relapse-free followed up from 1 to 3 years one case of local amyloidosis in bilateral vocal cords, subglottis and trachea was relapse-free followed up for 3 years,another case of local amyloidosis in bilateral vocal cords, subglottis and trachea recurred in 4 months after operation and the other case recurred in 6 months after operation, these two recurrence cases of local amyloidosis in bilateral vocal cords, subglottis and trachea were treated again by operation and were relapse-free followed up for 6 months; two cases of pharyngeal amyloidosis (1 case of right tonsil amyloidosis and 1 case of local amyloidosis in lingual surface of epiglottis) were relapse-free followed up for 2 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The etiology of rhinal and pharyngeal and laryngeal amyloidosis is related to multiple factor. The clinical manifestations of rhinal and pharyngeal and laryngeal amyloidosis is complicated and non-specificity. To distinguish the clinical manifestations of primary amyloidosis (locality and general), secondary amyloidosis (locality and general), amyloidosis associated multiple myeloma and heredofamilial amyloidosis is important in diagnosis and treatment to reduce diagnostic errors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sichuan Provincal People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China. yongfeng33@sina.com
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Xiaoxu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D012008:Recurrence