title: Outsmarting androgen receptor: creative approaches for targeting aberrant androgen signaling in advanced prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostatic adenocarcinomas are reliant on androgen receptor (AR) activity for survival and progression. Therefore, first-line therapeutic intervention for disseminated disease entails the use of AR-directed therapeutics, achieved through androgen deprivation and direct AR antagonists. While initially effective, recurrent, 'castrate-resistant' prostate cancers arise, for which there is no durable means of treatment. An abundance of clinical study and preclinical modeling has led to the revelation that restored AR activity is a major driver of therapeutic failure and castrate-resistant prostate cancer development. The mechanisms underpinning AR reactivation have been identified, providing the foundation for a new era of drug discovery and rapid translation into the clinic. As will be reviewed in this article, these creative new ways of suppressing AR show early promise.
authors.affiliation: Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 10th Street, BLSB 1008, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: William Kevin
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kelly