title: [The influence of the degree of infestation with trematode parthenites on the structure of penial glands in the mollusks Littorina saxatilis of different age].
abstract: Histological and confocal microscopy studies of the structure of penial glands in the Littorina saxatilis males were carried out. The examined mollusks belong to two age groups and were at different stages of spontaneous infection with a trematode from the pygmaeus species group (Microphallus piriformes). Based on comparative analysis of microscopic sections of copulative organs in infested and non-infested mollusks, data on the modifications in histological structure ofpenial glands were obtained. From these data we can suggest that the infestation have an influence on all parts of the gland. Decrease of secret production and reduction of muscular capsule (down to its disappearance) were observed. We suppose that changes in the penial glands structure prevent their normal functioning. In the mollusks infested on reaching the sexual maturity, gradual reduction of distal part of reproductive system was observed, while in the mollusks infested before the sexual maturity, development of ancillary part of reproductive system was blocked.
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Ganzha
authors.forename: Z I
authors.initials: ZI
authors.lastname: Starunova
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014200:Trematoda / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000469:parasitology*