title: Lifetime leisure-time physical activity and the risk of depressive symptoms at the ages of 65-74 years: the FIN-D2D survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between lifetime leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and depressive symptoms (DS) based on the population-based FIN-D2D cross-sectional survey conducted in 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine hundred twenty seven randomly selected Finnish men and women aged 65-74 years were included in this study. DS were determined with the Beck Depression Inventory (≥10 points), and lifetime historical LTPA frequency from age 15 years onwards was recalled retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of LTPA was highest at the ages of 15-24 years in both the DS present and not present groups (14.6 times per month). LTPA frequency was significantly lower among those with DS compared with those without DS at the age of 45-54 (10.0 vs. 11.3, p=0.041), 55-64 (9.6 vs. 12.6, p<0.001), and 65-74 (8.6 vs. 11.9, p<0.001). Also the prevalence of somatic diseases was higher for those with DS compared with participants without DS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reveals lifetime LTPA variation and its potential consequences. The relationship found between reduced lifetime LTPA and the occurrence of DS suggest that promoting LTPA throughout one's lifetime would be beneficial in terms of DS and somatic diseases in older age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, PL 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland. katariina.korniloff@jyu.fi
authors.forename: Katariina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Korniloff
authors.forename: Mauno
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanhala
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kautiainen
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koponen
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peltonen
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mäntyselkä
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oksa
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kampman
authors.forename: Arja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Häkkinen
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors