title: [Adaptive evolution of the Homo mitochondrial genome].
abstract: Adaptive evolution of 12 protein-coding mitochondrial genes in members of genus Homo (Denisova hominin (H. sp. Altai), Neandertals (H. neanderthalensis) and modern humans (H. sapiens)) has been evaluated by assessing the pattern of changes in the physicochemical properties of amino acid replacements during the primate evolution. It has been found that in the Homo molecular adaptation (positive destabilizing selection) become apparent in the form of 12 radical amino acid replacements accompanied by statistically significant (P < 0.001) changes of physicochemical properties that probably had the functional consequences. These replacements have occurred on the stage of a common ancestor of the Homo (in CO2 and CytB genes) as well as with the appearance of the common ancestor of Neandertals and modern humans (in CO1 and ND5 genes). Radical amino acid replacements were mainly revealed in the cytochrome c oxidase complex IV and cytochrome bc1 complex III, thus coinciding with general trend of increasing of non-synonymous changes in mtDNA genes coding subunits of complexes III and IV proteins in anthropoid primates.
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Maliarchuk
mesh_terms: D000220:Adaptation, Biological / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D015186:Hominidae / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D059125:Neanderthals / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV