title: Gene expression profiles of spleen, liver, and head kidney in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) along the infection process with Philasterides dicentrarchi using an immune-enriched oligo-microarray.
abstract: We evaluated the expression profiles of turbot in spleen, liver, and head kidney across five temporal points of the Philasterides dicentrarchi infection process using an 8x15K Agilent oligo-microarray. The microarray included 2,176 different fivefold replicated gene probes designed from a turbot 3' sequenced EST database. We were able to identify 221 differentially expressed (DE) genes (8.1% of the whole microarray), 113 in spleen, 83 in liver, and 90 in head kidney, in at least 1 of the 5 temporal points sampled for each organ. Most of these genes could be annotated (83.0%) and functionally categorized using GO terms (69.1%) after the additional sequencing of DE genes from the 5' end. Many DE genes were related to innate and acquired immune functions. A high proportion of DE genes were organ-specific (70.6%), although their associated GO functions showed notable similarities in the three organs. The most striking difference in functional distribution was observed between the up- and downregulated gene groups. Upregulated genes were mostly associated to immune functions, while downregulated ones mainly involved metabolism-related genes. Genetic response appeared clustered in a few groups of genes with similar expression profiles along the temporal series. The information obtained will aid to understand the turbot immune response and will specifically be valuable to develop strategies of defense to P. dicentrarchi to achieve more resistant broodstocks for turbot industry.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, Lugo, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Pardo
authors.forename: Adrián
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Millán
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez-Tato
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouza
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Dios
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cabaleiro
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamas
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Leiro
authors.forename: Paulino
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016770:Ciliophora Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags / Q000378:metabolism; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology*; D005412:Flatfishes; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000662:veterinary; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D060226:Head Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D016802:Oligohymenophorea; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism