title: Rifaximin improves systemic hemodynamics and renal function in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis and ascites.
abstract: Circulating levels of endotoxin, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α increase with intestinal bacterial overgrowth and translocation, and are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of hyperdynamic circulatory syndrome and functional renal failure in patients with advanced cirrhosis. We investigated the effects of the antibiotic rifaximin on systemic hemodynamics and renal function in patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis and ascites. We measured mean arterial pressure, cardiac output (CO) by Doppler ultrasound, systemic vascular resistance (as the ratio of mean arterial pressure:CO), plasma renin activity, levels of plasma aldosterone, the glomerular filtration rate by plasma clearance of technetium-99m-DTPA, natriuresis, levels of plasma endotoxin, and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in 13 patients at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment with rifaximin. Rifaximin treatment significantly reduced CO and significantly increased systemic vascular resistance, in association with a significant decrease in plasma rennin activity. The therapy also significantly increased the glomerular filtration rate and natriuresis while reducing levels of endotoxin, IL-6, and TNF-α. Intestinal decontamination with rifaximin improved systemic hemodynamics and renal function in patients with advanced cirrhosis.
authors.affiliation: First Division of Internal Medicine and Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Kalambokis
authors.forename: Athanasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mouzaki
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodi
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fotopoulos
authors.forename: Xanthi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xourgia
authors.forename: Epameinondas V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Tsianos
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001201:Ascites / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002302:Cardiac Output; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000078262:Rifaximin; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004731:Endotoxins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012294:Rifamycins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012083:Renin; D000078262:Rifaximin