title: Fluorescence examination and photodynamic therapy of facial squamous cell carcinoma--a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness and feasibility of fluorescence examination and photodynamic therapy (PDT) for facial squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 68-year-old male patient underwent 3 courses of PDT. The first treatment was carried out using topically applied 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to the affected area (5.0 cm × 2.5 cm) 3h before light irradiation. ALA/PpIX-mediated fluorescence was used to visualize the lesion and its margin. The lesion was illuminated with a 630 nm laser at 120 J/cm². Thirty days later, the residual lesion received the second treatment at the same light dose after topical use of ALA. Despite the tumor was treated with two courses of PDT, The lesion was not cleared completely yet. At last we used topical ALA and intravenous injection of HiPorfin, with the same light dose, then the lesion was cured and the patient was tumor-free followed up for over 15 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ALA/PpIX-mediated fluorescence visualized the lesion location. Complete cure was achieved after the third course of ALA/Hiporfin PDT. During the 15 months of followed up, no recurrence was noticed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALA assisted fluorescence examination can be a useful tool to visualize the malignant lesion and determine its margin. ALA-PDT is effective for superficial lesions, but for thicker and deeper lesions, systemic administration of photosensitizer is indispensable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Xiaona
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jinzhang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Lanying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rongcheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Libo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006415:Hematoporphyrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006415:Hematoporphyrins; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid