title: Validation and application of multi-residue analysis of eight anticoagulant rodenticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection.
abstract: Poisoning of domestic animals is frequently caused by anticoagulant rodenticides. Validation and applications of a rapid and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of 8 anticoagulant rodenticides (bromadiolone, brodifacoum, coumachlor, coumafuryl, coumatetralyl, difenacoum, flocoumafen, and warfarin) in baits and animal livers using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection are reported herein. The methodology was validated by an in-house validation model at 2.5 mg/kg, which is the level commonly found in the tissues of poisoned domestic animals. The 8 anticoagulants can be determined at the concentration range of 1.25-100 mg/kg with determination coefficients higher than 0.992. A recovery value from 70% to 109% was observed for all the studied molecules. The results of the validation process demonstrate suitability for application in official analysis and for monitoring purposes of animal poisoning by anticoagulant rodenticides.
authors.affiliation: Struttura Complessa, Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Armentano
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iammarino
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lo Magro
authors.forename: Marilena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muscarella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000378:metabolism*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012378:Rodenticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012378:Rodenticides