title: The incidence of depression by fertility status in overweight and obese Latina women.
abstract: The link between depression, obesity, and fertility status is poorly understood among Latina women. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) is routinely administered in the Diabetes and Obesity in Reproductive Age women Clinic. We describe median PHQ-9 score and PHQ-9 score ≥10 [indicative of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)] by fertility status. Of the 76 eligible new patients seen between June 2008 and 2009, 18.4% (n = 14) had PHQ-9 scores indicative of MDD. Infertile women had marginally significantly higher PHQ-9 scores than non-infertile women (p = 0.08). 26.5% of infertile women and 12.2% of non-infertile women had a PHQ-9 score indicative of MDD (p = 0.14). Number of previous births was inversely correlated with PHQ-9 score (R = -0.34, p = 0.002), those with no previous births had higher PHQ-9 scores (p = 0.001) and were more likely to have a PHQ-9 score indicative of MDD than those with previous births (28.6 vs. 9.8%, p = 0.04). Among non-infertile women, postpartum women had significantly lower PHQ-9 scores than non-postpartum women (p = 0.002). 4.6% of postpartum women and 21.1% of non-postpartum women had a PHQ-9 indicative of MDD (p = 0.19). Further investigation is needed to determine if reproductive success is protective against MDD among overweight and obese urban Latinas. Overall, depression is common among overweight and obese reproductive-age Latinas and thus routine screening is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. psegall@usc.edu
authors.forename: Penina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Segall-Gutierrez
authors.forename: Courtney S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Neisha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Opper
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dossett
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Courtney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006304:Health Status; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007246:Infertility / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult