title: Ultradeformable archaeosomes as new topical adjuvants.
abstract: Ultradeformable archaeosomes (UDA) are vesicles made of soybean phosphatidylcholine (SPC), sodium cholate (NaChol) and polar lipids from Halorubrum tebenquichense (3:1:3 wt/wt). Although ultradeformable liposomes (UDL, made of SPC and NaChol at 6:1 wt/wt) and UDA were neither captured nor caused cytotoxicity on keratinocytes, UDA was avidly captured by macrophages, their viability being reduced by 0.4-1.6 mg/mL phospholipids by 25 to 60%. Instead, UDL were poorly captured and caused no toxicity. Balb/C mice immunized by the topical route with four doses of ovalbumin (OVA)-loaded UDA, at 75 μg OVA/600 μg phospholipids (125 nm mean size and -42 mV zeta potential), induced IgG titers tenfold to 100-fold higher than those immunized with OVA-loaded UDL at the same dosage. Both matrices penetrate to the same skin depth (nearly 10 μm after 1 hour on excised human skin), being the higher topical adjuvancy and higher phagocytic uptake of UDA related to its glycolipid content.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This work summarizes key findings related to the development of ultradeformable archaeosomes as vehicles utilized in transdermal delivery systems with improved skin penetration.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Nanomedicinas, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876 BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Leticia H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schilrreff
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Maiara A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Iriarte
authors.forename: Diana I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Roncaglia
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Morilla
authors.forename: Eder L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D055352:Halorubrum / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D020358:Sodium Cholate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D020358:Sodium Cholate