title: Interactions of engineered nanomaterials in physiological media and implications for in vitro dosimetry.
abstract: In vitro toxicity assays are efficient and inexpensive tools for screening the increasing number of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) entering the consumer market. However, the data produced by in vitro studies often vary substantially among different studies and from in vivo data. In part, these discrepancies may be attributable to lack of standardisation in dispersion protocols and inadequate characterisation of particle-media interactions which may affect the particle kinetics and the dose delivered to cells. In this study, a novel approach for preparation of monodisperse, stabilised liquid suspensions is presented and coupled with a numerical model which estimates delivered dose values. Empirically derived material- and media-specific functions are presented for each media-ENM system that can be used to convert administered doses to delivered doses. The interactions of ENMs with a variety of physiologic media were investigated and the importance of this approach was demonstrated by in vitro cytotoxicity assays using THP-1 macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deloid
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pyrgiotakis
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Demokritou
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D003470:Culture Media; D004738:Engineering; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D013010:Sonication; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D013535:Suspensions; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine