title: Human immunodeficiency virus-related gastrointestinal pathology: a southern Africa perspective with review of the literature (part 2: neoplasms and noninfectious disorders).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is rife in sub-Saharan Africa and in southern Africa in particular. Despite the increasing availability of antiretroviral therapy in this region, HIV-associated neoplasms remain common and frequently involve the gastrointestinal tract, which may also demonstrate other noninfectious, HIV-related pathology.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the histopathologic findings and distinguishing features of neoplastic and noninfectious, HIV-associated gastrointestinal disorders in southern Africa and relate those findings to the documented international literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  The available literature on this topic was reviewed and supplemented with personal experience in a private histopathology practice in South Africa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In southern Africa, a diverse range of HIV-related neoplasms and noninfectious gastrointestinal disorders is seen, but published data for the region are scarce. The gastrointestinal disorders include drug-associated pathology, gastrointestinal manifestations of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, idiopathic chronic esophageal ulceration, and the controversial entity of HIV enteropathy.
authors.affiliation: Ampath Pathology Laboratories, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. slavikt@ampath.co.za
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Slavik
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000353:Africa, Southern; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D014456:Ulcer / Q000150:complications