title: Expression of p53-regulated proteins in human cultured lymphoblastoid TSCE5 and WTK1 cell lines during spaceflight.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the biological effects of space radiations, microgravity, and the interaction of them on the expression of p53-regulated proteins. Space experiments were performed with two human cultured lymphoblastoid cell lines: one line (TSCE5) bears a wild-type p53 gene status, and another line (WTK1) bears a mutated p53 gene status. Under 1 gravity or microgravity conditions, the cells were grown in the cell biology experimental facility (CBEF) of the International Space Station for 8 days without experiencing the stress during launching and landing because the cells were frozen during these periods. Ground control samples were simultaneously cultured for 8 days in the CBEF on the ground for 8 days. After spaceflight, protein expression was analyzed using a Panorama(TM) Ab MicroArray protein chips. It was found that p53-dependent up-regulated proteins in response to space radiations and space environment were MeCP2 (methyl CpG binding protein 2), and Notch1 (Notch homolog 1), respectively. On the other hand, p53-dependent down-regulated proteins were TGF-β, TWEAKR (tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis receptor), phosho-Pyk2 (Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2), and 14-3-3θ/τ which were affected by microgravity, and DR4 (death receptor 4), PRMT1 (protein arginine methyltransferase 1) and ROCK-2 (Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2) in response to space radiations. ROCK-2 was also suppressed in response to the space environment. The data provides the p53-dependent regulated proteins by exposure to space radiations and/or microgravity during spaceflight. Our expression data revealed proteins that might help to advance the basic space radiation biology.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Scientific Research Leaders Development Unit, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. a-takahashi@gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Toko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashizume
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishioka
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013026:Space Flight; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53