title: Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea after nasal packing for epistaxis: case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report a case of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea following nasal packing with a Rapid Rhino inflatable balloon pack, as treatment for epistaxis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report and review of the literature regarding this complication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A thorough literature search was performed using PubMed. To our best knowledge, there have been no previous reports of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea following nasal packing. In our case, cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred due to fracture of the middle turbinate at its superior skull base insertion. The cerebrospinal fluid leak resolved spontaneously without the need for surgical intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case report highlights not only the need for an appreciation of sinonasal anatomy and the potential risks associated with nasal packing, but also the need for adequate training in the use of commercially available nasal packs by medical practitioners attending patients with epistaxis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa. o.edkins@uct.ac.za
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Edkins
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Nyamarebvu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lubbe
mesh_terms: D000399:Air Pressure; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011859:Radiography; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000209:etiology*; D013630:Tampons, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014420:Turbinates / Q000293:injuries*