title: [Functional magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of radiation-induced renal damage].
abstract: The diagnosis of radiation-induced (especially chronic) renal alterations/damage is difficult and currently relies primarily on clinical evaluation. The importance of renal diagnostic evaluation will increase continuously due to the increasing number of long-term survivors after radiotherapy. This article evaluates the potentia diagnostic contribution of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with a focus on functional MRI. The following functional MRI approaches are briefly presented and evaluated: blood oxygenation level-dependent imaging (BOLD), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) or diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), MR perfusion measurements and (23)Na imaging. In summary, only DWI and contrast-enhanced MR perfusion currently seem to be suitable approaches for a broader, clinical implementation. However, up to now valid data from larger patient studies are lacking for both techniques in regard to radiation-induced renal alterations. The BOLD and (23)Na imaging procedures have a huge potential but are currently neither sufficiently evaluated with regard to radiation-induced renal alterations nor technically simple and reliable for implementation into the clinical routine.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haneder
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boda-Heggemann
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Michaely
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome