title: Measurements of (60)Co in massive steel samples exposed to the Hiroshima atomic bomb explosion.
abstract: To study discrepancies in retrospective Hiroshima dosimetry, the specific activity of (60)Co in 16 steel samples from Hiroshima was measured using gamma-ray spectrometry in underground laboratories. There is general agreement between these new activity measurements and the specific activities derived from previously calculated dose values on the one hand and former measurements of samples gathered at distances less than 1,000 m from the center of the explosion (< 1,000 m slant range) on the other. It was found that activities at long range (> 1,300 m slant range) were mainly cosmogenically induced. Furthermore, at long range, these results are in disagreement with older measurements whose specific activity values were 10 to 100 times higher than predicted by computer model calculations in DS86 and DS02. As a consequence, the previously reported discrepancy is not confirmed.
authors.affiliation: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, EC-JRC-IRMM, Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gasparro
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hult
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marissens
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laubenstein
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dombrowski
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arnold
mesh_terms: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D004777:Environment; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D005107:Explosions; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D007564:Japan; D009502:Neutrons; D054043:Nuclear Weapons; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013232:Steel / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D053834:Explosive Agents; D013232:Steel