title: Anatomic site-specific disparities in survival outcomes for penile squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the predictors of cancer-specific mortality of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) using a population-based database.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, we performed a time-to-event analysis to determine which clinical parameters were useful in predicting cancer-specific mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our cohort consisted of 2515 cases of PSCC diagnosed from 1973 to 2007. The patients were divided into 2 groups: primary tumors of the prepuce (n = 722) and primary tumors of the glans, body, and overlapping lesions of the skin (n = 1793). The median follow-up for the cohort was 39 months (range 1-411). Compared with tumors of the prepuce, tumors of the body (hazard ratio 1.61, 95% confidence interval 1.00-2.60, P = .05) and overlapping tumors of the skin (hazard ratio 1.79, 95% confidence interval 1.13-2.83, P = .01) had a greater risk of cancer-specific mortality, even when controlling for age, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results stage, and tumor grade. Furthermore, the disease-specific 10-year survival rate of those with preputial tumors was 89.4% compared with 78.7% for the other 3 groups combined (P < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anatomic site-specific disparities for PSCC survival appear to exist. Patients diagnosed with PSCC of the prepuce have greater overall long-term disease-specific survival than patients with primary tumors elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona 85054, USA. tyson.mark@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Tyson
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Etzioni
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Wisenbaugh
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Mitchell R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ferrigni
authors.forename: Scott K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Erik P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Castle
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D018426:SEER Program; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck