title: Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Terminalia chebula extract at room temperature and their antimicrobial studies.
abstract: A green rapid biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) aqueous extract was demonstrated in this present study. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at 452 nm using UV-visible spectrophotometer. The reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles by T. chebula extract was completed within 20 min which was evidenced potentiometrically. Synthesised nanoparticles were characterised using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The hydrolysable tannins such as di/tri-galloyl-glucose present in the extract were hydrolyzed to gallic acid and glucose that served as reductant while oxidised polyphenols acted as stabilizers. In addition, it showed good antimicrobial activity towards both Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus ATCC 25923) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli ATCC 25922). Industrially it may be a smart option for the preparation of silver nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Trace Elements Speciation Research Laboratory, Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India.
authors.forename: Kesarla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohan Kumar
authors.forename: Madhulika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Badal Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: Asit Ranjan
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Koppala
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siva Kumar
authors.forename: Pamanji
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sreedhara Reddy
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D012834:Silver; D005707:Gallic Acid