title: Fluorescent carbon dots and nanodiamonds for biological imaging: preparation, application, pharmacokinetics and toxicity.
abstract: The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has brought us some new types of fluorescent probes, which are indispensable for bioimaging in life sciences. Because of their innate biocompatibility, good resistance against photobleaching, long fluorescence lifetime and wide fluorescence spectral region, fluorescent carbon quantum dots (C-Dots) and nanosized diamonds (nanodiamonds, NDs) are gradually evolving into promising reagents for bioimaging. In this review, we summarize the recent achievements in fluorescent C-Dots and NDs with emphases on their preparation, properties, imaging application, pharmacokinetics and toxicity. Perspectives on further investigations and opportunities to develop C-Dots and NDs into the safer and more sensitive imaging probes for both living cells and animal models are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
authors.forename: Jia-Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sheng-Tao
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xin-Xin
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Haifang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D058612:Nanodiamonds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D045663:Quantum Dots
chemical_list: D058612:Nanodiamonds