title: Artemisia campestris leaf extract alleviates early diabetic nephropathy in rats by inhibiting protein oxidation and nitric oxide end products.
abstract: Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes leads to free radicals overproduction, which contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy. The present study investigated the effects of Artemisia campestris (Ac), a plant of the Asteraceae family, on renal impairment and oxidative stress in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of alloxan (120 mg kg(-1)) in rats. Ac (200 mg kg(-1)) was administered to diabetic rats for 3 weeks. Diabetic renal injury was associated with hyperglycemia, increased serum creatinine, urea and uric acid levels. This nephropathophysiology was associated with a surproduction of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels and a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels. In addition, hyperglycemia increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), in the kidney of diabetic rats. Treatment with Ac effectively ameliorated diabetic renal dysfunction by reducing oxidative and nitrosative stress. Histological studies also supported the experimental findings. The results suggested that Ac might act as a beneficial agent against renal dysfunctions developed in alloxan-induced diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Sciences Faculty, BP 1171, University of Sfax, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Mediha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sefi
authors.forename: Hamadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fetoui
authors.forename: Nejla
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soudani
authors.forename: Yassine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chtourou
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makni
authors.forename: Najiba
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zeghal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide