title: Cross-phase modulation imaging.
abstract: We demonstrate a cross-phase modulation measurement technique based on the sensitive detection of modulation transfer in a pump-probe setup. By modulating the amplitude of the pump beam and spectrally analyzing the probe beam, we achieve a rapid, background-free measurement of nonlinear phase modulation using power levels acceptable in biological imaging. This measurement technique would allow the extension of widely employed phase microscopy methods to the nonlinear regime, providing intrinsic and universal nonlinear contrast for biological imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
authors.forename: Prathyush
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Samineni
authors.forename: Baolei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jesse W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Warren S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Martin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D003116:Color; D008853:Microscopy; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D013057:Spectrum Analysis