title: Impact of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Tourette's syndrome on neuropsychological performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although inconsistencies in neuropsychological impairments in Tourette's syndrome (TS) have been discussed with respect to comorbid disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, few studies have focused on the specific dimensions of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) related to TS, such as aggression and symmetry. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of specific TS-related OCS on neuropsychological performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of neuropsychological tasks examining attention and executive functioning were performed in groups of 33 TS participants and 18 healthy controls. The neuropsychological performance of TS with Aggression OCS (n = 11) were compared to TS without Aggression OCS (n = 22) and controls by using MANCOVA controlling for age. In the same way as Aggression, we compared the performance of three groups by Symmetry: TS with Symmetry OCS (n = 14), TS without Symmetry OCS (n = 19) and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TS participants with Aggression OCS tended to make more perseverative errors than those without. Global OCS severity and tic severity did not correlate with any neuropsychological performances. No significant differences were detected between TS participants with and without Symmetry OCS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neuropsychological deficits in TS might be affected not by global OCS severity but by specific TS-related OCS.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Education, Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Maiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Kurie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shishikura
authors.forename: Chizue
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Konno
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D057190:Stroop Test; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D014888:Wechsler Scales; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents