title: Associations of home food availability, dietary intake, screen time and physical activity with BMI in young American-Indian children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate associations between home environmental factors and BMI of young American-Indian children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional and prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  School-based obesity prevention trial (Bright Start) on a Northern Plains Indian reservation in South Dakota. Mixed model multivariable analysis was used to examine associations between child BMI categories (normal, overweight and obese) and home food availability, children's dietary intake and physical activity. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, socio-economic status, parent BMI and school; prospective analyses also adjusted for study condition and baseline predictor and outcome variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kindergarten children (n = 424, 51 % male; mean age = 5.8 years, 30 % overweight/obese) and parents/caregivers (89 % female; 86 % overweight/obese) had their height and weight measured and parents/caregivers completed surveys on home environmental factors (baseline and 2 years later).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher fast-food intake and parent-perceived barriers to physical activity were marginally associated with higher probabilities of a child being overweight and obese. Vegetable availability was marginally associated with lower probabilities of being overweight and obese. The associations between home environmental factors and child weight status at follow-up were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings indicate that selected aspects of the home environment are associated with weight status of American-Indian children. Obesity interventions with this population should consider helping parents to engage and model healthful behaviours and to increase availability of healthful foods at home.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Community of Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. arca0021@umn.edu
authors.forename: Chrisa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arcan
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hannan
authors.forename: Jayne A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fulkerson
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Himes
authors.forename: Bonnie Holy
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Rock
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Story
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D017028:Caregivers; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D057140:Fast Foods; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D005523:Food Supply; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010290:Parents; D010465:Perception; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057185:Sedentary Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D013023:South Dakota; D014675:Vegetables