title: [Waste generated in Polish hospitals during the years 2005 - 2009].
abstract: The medical institutions generate mainly municipal and medical waste. The medical waste includes infectious waste, dangerous but not infectious waste (toxic) and medical not dangerous waste. They have to be correctly identified, properly sorted and suitably neutralized. Questionnaires investigations were conducted on the basis on the forms worked out at National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene. Information from above seven hundred seventy hospitals were collected. Inquiries indicated that during the period of years 2005-2009 over two hundred thousand beds per year were available. The degree of the use run from 52% to 100%, in average 72%. The largest fraction of the waste from all institutions were municipal waste run from 80% to 90%. Dangerous waste in following years were between 9.9% and 18.1%. The great part of dangerous waste were infections waste, which content ranged from 8.7 to 17.1%. Very low quantity of medical not dangerous waste was noted (1-1,7%). The majority of infectious medical waste were neutralized outside hospitals by the companies having suitable permissions. The thermal conversions (burning) was the most often used method.
authors.affiliation: Zakład Zwalczania Skazeń Biologicznych, Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego- Państwowy Zakład Higieny. kkanclerski@pzh.gov.pl
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanclerski
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Röhm-Rodowald
authors.forename: Bozenna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jakimiak
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chojecka
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jakubiec
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D006742:Hospital Bed Capacity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006761:Hospitals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006797:Housekeeping, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D017744:Medical Waste Disposal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016272:Occupational Health; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D011044:Poland; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances; D017744:Medical Waste Disposal; D012989:Soil Pollutants