title: Detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae with a commercial DNA microarray.
abstract: The Check-MDR CT102 DNA microarray enables detection of the most prevalent carbapenemases (NDM, VIM, KPC, OXA-48 and IMP) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) gene families (SHV, TEM and CTX-M). The test performance of this microarray was evaluated with 95 Enterobacteriaceae isolates suspected of being carbapenemase producers, i.e. with meropenem MICs ≥0.5 mg l(-1). The collection of isolates contained 70 carbapenemase-producing isolates, including 37 bla(KPC)-, 20 bla(VIM)-, five bla(OXA-48)-, four bla(KPC)/bla(VIM)- and four bla(NDM)-positive isolates; and 25 carbapenemase-gene-negative isolates. ESBLs were produced by 51 of the isolates. PCR and sequencing of β-lactamase genes was used as reference test. For detection of carbapenemases, the sensitivity of the microarray was 97% (68/70), with 100% specificity. The two negative isolates tested positive when the microarray test was repeated; these isolates were an OXA-48- and a KPC-producing isolate. For ESBL detection, the sensitivity was 100% (51/51) and the specificity was 98% (43/44), although 20% of the SHV-12 ESBLs were categorized as SHV-2-like ESBLs. In conclusion, the CDT102 microarray is a rapid and accurate tool for the detection of carbapenemase and ESBL genes, although the array seems less suitable for epidemiology of ESBL genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cohen Stuart
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Voets
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scharringa
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ad C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fluit
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.|Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Maurine A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Leverstein-Van Hall
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D001618:beta-Lactamases; C063912:carbapenemase