title: Characterization of cancer stem-like cells derived from a side population of a human gallbladder carcinoma cell line, SGC-996.
abstract: The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis proposes that CSCs, which can renew themselves proliferate infinitely, and escape chemotherapy, become the root of recurrence and metastasis. Previous studies have verified that side population (SP) cells, characterized by their ability to efflux lipophilic substrate Hoechst 33342, to share many characteristics of CSCs in multiplying solid tumors. The purpose of this study was to sort SP cells from a human gallbladder carcinoma cell line, SGC-996 and to preliminarily identify the biological characteristics of SP cells from the cell line. Using flow cytometry we effectively sorted SP cells from the cell line SGC-996. SP cells not only displayed higher proliferative, stronger clonal-generating, more migratory and more invasive capacities, but showed stronger resistance. Furthermore, our experiments demonstrated that SP cells were more tumorigenic than non-SP counterparts in vivo. Real-time PCR analysis and immunocytochemistry showed that the expression of ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) was significantly higher in SP cells. Hence, these results collectively suggest that SP cells are progenitor/stem-like cells and ABCG2 might be a candidate marker for SP cells in human gallbladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
authors.forename: Xin-xing
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hao-lu
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Qi-wei
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu-ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yi
mesh_terms: D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C116614:ABCG2 protein, human; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins