title: American Foulbrood in Uruguay: twelve years from its first report.
abstract: Paenibacillus larvae is the causative agent of American Foulbrood (AFB), a deleterious disease that affects honeybees. In Uruguay it was first reported in 1999. In 2001 the bacterium was spread all over the country, and its prevalence in honey was estimated in 51%. Two P. larvae genotypes were found; ERIC I - BOX A, worldwide distributed and ERIC I - BOX C, exclusively detected in Argentina until then. In the present manuscript we analyzed the evolution of AFB outbreaks from 1999 to 2009, presented a new nation-wide survey carried out during 2011 when a prevalence of 2% was found and discuss national strategies for prevention of the disease. Since Uruguay is a small country where almost all beekeepers are registered, Uruguayan experience can be useful to be applied in other countries.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Avda. Italia 3318, C.P.11600 Montevideo, Uruguay. kantunez03@gmail.com
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Antúnez
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anido
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Branchiccela
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harriet
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campá
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zunino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000382:microbiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000382:microbiology; D056507:Paenibacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D014583:Uruguay