title: Avian influenza A virus PB2 promotes interferon type I inducing properties of a swine strain in porcine dendritic cells.
abstract: The 2009 influenza A virus (IAV) pandemic resulted from reassortment of avian, human and swine strains probably in pigs. To elucidate the role of viral genes in host adaptation regarding innate immune responses, we focussed on the effect of genes from an avian H5N1 and a porcine H1N1 IAV on infectivity and activation of porcine GM-CSF-induced dendritic cells (DC). The highest interferon type I responses were achieved by the porcine virus reassortant containing the avian polymerase gene PB2. This finding was not due to differential tropism since all viruses infected DC equally. All viruses equally induced MHC class II, but porcine H1N1 expressing the avian viral PB2 induced more prominent nuclear NF-κB translocation compared to its parent IAV. The enhanced activation of DC may be detrimental or beneficial. An over-stimulation of innate responses could result in either pronounced tissue damage or increased resistance against IAV reassortants carrying avian PB2.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ocaña-Macchi
authors.forename: Meret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ricklin
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Python
authors.forename: Gsell-Albert
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Monika
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stech
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stech
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Summerfield
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D002460:Cell Line; D002642:Chick Embryo; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D004285:Dogs; D005814:Genes, Viral; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D058873:Pandemics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000276:immunology*; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I; D016328:NF-kappa B; C057027:PB2 protein, Influenzavirus A; D014764:Viral Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase