title: Cataract surgery in eyes with nanophthalmos and relative anterior microphthalmos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the refractive outcome and postoperative complications of cataract surgery among nanophthalmos and relative anterior microphthalmos and the normal control eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case-control series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen eyes with nanophthalmos, 29 eyes with relative anterior microphthalmos, and 54 normal control eyes were enrolled in this study. The subjects were divided into 3 diagnostic subgroups according to the following: nanophthalmos with an axial length <20.5 mm and without morphologic malformation; relative anterior microphthalmos with a corneal diameter (CD) ≤ 11 mm, an anterior chamber depth (ACD) ≤ 2.2 mm, and an axial length (AL) ≥ 20.5 mm; and normal control group eyes defined as an AL ≥ 20.5 mm with a CD >11 mm or an ACD >2.2 mm. The implanted intraocular lens (IOL) power was used to calculate the predicted postoperative refraction error according to 4 IOL power formulas: SRK II, SRK/T, Hoffer Q, and Holladay 1. With each formula, the mean numeric error and mean absolute error were calculated. At postoperative 2 months, the endothelial cell count and the complications were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As measured by mean numeric error or mean absolute error, there was a significant difference among the 3 groups based on SRK II, SRK/T, and Hoffer Q, with less predictability in the nanophthalmic eyes. In eyes with nanophthalmos, the Holladay 1 produced the best refractive results as measured by mean numeric error (P < .001). A higher occurrence rate of posterior capsule rupture (11.7%) was shown in the nanophthalmic eyes. The difference among the 3 groups for the postoperative endothelial cell loss was not significant (P = .421).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The refractive predictability and postoperative outcome was poorer in the eyes with nanophthalmos compared to the eyes with relative anterior microphthalmos or normal control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung In
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Ji Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Young Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Su-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000002:abnormalities*; D058452:Axial Length, Eye / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008850:Microphthalmos / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology