title: Corelationship between matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 expression and severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is involved in the remodeling process of inflammatory airway diseases and is correlated with the severity of asthma. We hypothesized that MMP was associated with the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs).  We also investigated the effect of allergy on the expression of MMP in the polyp.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of MMP-2 and -9 was investigated in recurrent nasal polyps of 30 patients and in nonrecurrent nasal polyps of 31 patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery. These  expressions were then compared with those in control nasal mucosal samples obtained from 32 patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Demographic data, Lund-Mackay (LM) score, polyp grade, and allergy status were obtained for all patients. Tissue samples were assessed via immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMP-2 and -9 were constantly expressed in recurrent NPs, primary NPs, and control nasal mucosa. The expression of MMP-9 was significantly enhanced in glands and MMP-2 positivity was significantly increased in surface epithelium for patients with NPs when compared with  control nasal mucosa. The expression of MMP-9 and -2 was not correlated with polyp grade and LM score. Allergic status is an independent factor in the expression of MMP-2 and -9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested up-regulation of MMP-9, and MMP-2 in gland and surface  epithelium, respectively, were characteristic of NPs. Therefore, patients with allergy will exhibit greater MMP-2 and -9 positivity. However, the MMP-2 and -9 expression intensity was not correlated with the severity of CRS with nasal polyposis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ling-Feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chen-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Feng-Yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Chee-Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Chih-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Tai
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D018450:Disease Progression; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000473:pathology; D012008:Recurrence; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9