title: Evaluation of microemulsion and liposomes as carriers for oral delivery of transforming growth factor alpha in rats.
abstract: The aim of the present study is to develop microemulsion and liposome carrier systems for oral administration of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) and to investigate the effects of these carrier systems on the gastrointestinal efficiency in rats. Microemulsion (w/o) and liposomes (MLV) were developed and characterised. The carrier systems were administered intragastrically by gastric cannula to male Wistar rats. The highest reduction in the basal acid secretion was observed in the microemulsion containing TGF-α and aprotinin group (TAME).The gastric mucus secretion in microemulsion containing TGF-α (TME) and TAME treatment groups increased significantly compared to the other groups. TGF-α levels in both stomach and duodenum were significantly increased in the TAME group. As a result, it was determined through confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) studies that exogenous-applied TGF-α attached to endogenous EGF receptors. The microemulsion formulation was found to be a more suitable carrier system for oral administration of TGF-α.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey. nevin@tr.net
authors.forename: Nevin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Celebi
authors.forename: Gülay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yetkin
authors.forename: Ciğdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: Alp
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Nahide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gökçora
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D004655:Emulsions; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005752:Gastric Mucins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D005752:Gastric Mucins; D008081:Liposomes; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D007611:Aprotinin; C483803:Egfr protein, rat; D066246:ErbB Receptors