title: Generation of reassortant influenza viruses within the non-industrial poultry system.
abstract: We compared the genetic and biologic characteristics of 35 influenza viruses of different epidemiological backgrounds in Korea, including H3N2 canine influenza virus (CIV). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that chicken adapted H9N2 viruses (A/chicken/Korea/96006/96 [CK/Kor/96006-like]) have acquired aquatic avian gene segments through reassortment, and these reassorted H9N2 viruses were more frequently detected from minor poultry species than from industrial poultry. Conversely, gene segments from CK/Kor/96006-like viruses were also detected in most of the viruses from domestic ducks. Interestingly, domestic ducks, rather than wild aquatic birds, harbored close relatives of all eight gene segments of H3N2 CIV, which preferred binding to avian receptors. Therefore, bidirectional virus transmission events are assumed to have occurred between land-based poultry and aquatic poultry, in particular within the non-industrial poultry system. These events have contributed to the generation of a novel reassortant, H3N2 CIV. To prevent generating other reassortants capable of interspecies transmission, gene movements in the non-industrial poultry systems should be clarified and managed.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong-Hun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yu-Na
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Youn-Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joong-Bok
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: In-Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Chang-Seon
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology*; D004285:Dogs / Q000821:virology; D004372:Ducks / Q000821:virology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000821:virology; D005814:Genes, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D056910:Republic of Korea
chemical_list: D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral