title: [Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia and HIV infection--case 3/2012].
abstract: METHODS
  A 27-year-old male patient with a past medical history of HIV presented with acute myeloid leukemia for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Highly active anti-retroviral therapy suppressed the viral load below detection threshold.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were no contraindications for allogeneic HSCT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myeloablative conditioning consisted of total body irradiation and cyclophosphamide. Anti-thymocyte globulin, tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil were used for immunosuppression. Combined anti-retroviral therapy (nucleoside and nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, boostered protease inhibitor, maraviroc and raltegravir) was maintained for allogeneic HSCT and viral load remained below detection threshold. No graft-versus-host disease or serious infectious complications occurred. The patient showed good graft function with stable hematopoiesis. Localized Kaposi's sarcoma was diagnosed six months after allogeneic HSCT and treated successfully with surgical excision and reduction of immunosuppression. Almost one year after allogeneic HSCT, the CD4+ cell count is rising and viral load remains below detection threshold with combined anti-retroviral therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Allogeneic HSCT can be safely performed in HIV positive patients. Kaposi's sarcoma is a rare event after allogeneic HSCT and linked to strong immunosuppression.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Hämatologie, Onkologie, Immunologie, Rheumatologie und Pulmologie,  Medizinische Universitätsklinik Tübingen.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schneidawind
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dorn
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Faul
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Korn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dittmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schleicher
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Erbersdobler
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jahn
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kanz
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bethge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome