title: A distinct lineage of influenza A virus from bats.
abstract: Influenza A virus reservoirs in animals have provided novel genetic elements leading to the emergence of global pandemics in humans. Most influenza A viruses circulate in waterfowl, but those that infect mammalian hosts are thought to pose the greatest risk for zoonotic spread to humans and the generation of pandemic or panzootic viruses. We have identified an influenza A virus from little yellow-shouldered bats captured at two locations in Guatemala. It is significantly divergent from known influenza A viruses. The HA of the bat virus was estimated to have diverged at roughly the same time as the known subtypes of HA and was designated as H17. The neuraminidase (NA) gene is highly divergent from all known influenza NAs, and the internal genes from the bat virus diverged from those of known influenza A viruses before the estimated divergence of the known influenza A internal gene lineages. Attempts to propagate this virus in cell cultures and chicken embryos were unsuccessful, suggesting distinct requirements compared with known influenza viruses. Despite its divergence from known influenza A viruses, the bat virus is compatible for genetic exchange with human influenza viruses in human cells, suggesting the potential capability for reassortment and contributions to new pandemic or panzootic influenza A viruses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. sot1@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Suxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rivailler
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Conrardy
authors.forename: Danilo A Alvarez
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: Li-Mei
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Recuenco
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ellison
authors.forename: Charles T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: York
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Turmelle
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Mang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rowe
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sammons
authors.forename: Xiyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frace
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Lindblade
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Larry J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rupprecht
authors.forename: Ruben O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Donis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002685:Chiroptera / Q000821:virology*; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005843:Geography; D006166:Guatemala; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; D009439:Neuraminidase