title: Subchronic toxicity and mutagenicity/genotoxicity studies of Irvingia gabonensis extract (IGOB131).
abstract: African Bush Mango from Irvingia gabonensis is a West African culinary fruit and the mucilage from this fruit seed is used to make traditional soups and sauces. Extract from the kernel (IGOB131) has been claimed for its health benefits. In the present investigations, potential adverse effects, if any, of IGOB131 were investigated in dose-response 90-day study and genotoxicity studies. In the subchronic study, Sprague Dawley rats (20/sex/group) were gavaged with I. gabonensis extract (IGOB131) at dose levels of 0, 100, 1000 and 2500 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day for 90-days. No treatment-related changes in clinical signs, functional observations, mortality, ophthalmologic observations, body weights, body weight gain or feed consumption were noted. Similarly, hematological, clinical chemistry, urine analysis parameters, and organ weights did not reveal any toxicologically significant treatment-related changes. No treatment-related macroscopic and microscopic abnormalities were noted at the end of treatment period. The mutagenicity as evaluated by Ames assay, in vitro and in vivo chromosomal aberration test and in vivo micronucleus assay did not reveal any genotoxicity of IGOB131. The results of subchronic toxicity study suggest the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) for I. gabonensis extract (IGOB131) as ≥ 2500 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
authors.affiliation: Gateway Health Alliance, Inc. 4769 Mangels Blvd., Fairfield, CA 94534, USA.
authors.forename: Shil C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kothari
authors.forename: Prasad
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shivarudraiah
authors.forename: Suresh Babu
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Venkataramaiah
authors.forename: Swapna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gavara
authors.forename: Madhu G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Soni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D016466:CHO Cells; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D059550:Toxicity Tests, Subchronic
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; C051375:dikanut; D002482:Cellulose