title: [Pharmacognostic identification of Calystegia soldanella].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify Calystegia soldanella and provide foundation for its further study and application.
  
  
  METHODS
  Scanning electron microscope (SEM), upright microscope and UV were applied in the research.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laticifers were observed in the cortex and phloem of root, sclerenchymatous cells were cyclized in the outer phloem of stem, the stomas present on both adaxial and abaxial epidermis, the stomatal type was paracytic. Observed by scanning electron microscope, stomas distributed on and sank into both adaxial and abaxial epidermis; The surface of guard cells were smooth, and subsidiary cells were smooth or veined, the veins were perpendicular to guard cells on adaxial epidermis, while the veins were irregular on subsidiary cells of abaxial epidermis. And the absorption peaks were significantly in UV scanning spectrum: the ethanol extract had an absorption peak at 324nm; While the chloroform extract's at 241nm, 296nm and 316nm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bases on the characteristic identification, micro-identification and physicochemical identification, SEM is further used in the identification of micro-morphological characteristics of Calystegia soldanella, and it will raise the accuracy of the identification of Calystegia soldanella.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China. liuzhao165@163.com
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xue-Cong
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Jia-Jia
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Hui-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D031253:Calystegia / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D010598:Pharmacognosy; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D011208:Powders; D011786:Quality Control; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D011208:Powders