title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for myocardial perfusion imaging.
abstract: Ultrasound contrast agents are gas-filled microbubbles that enhance visualization of cardiac structures, function and blood flow during contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). An interesting cardiovascular application of CEUS is myocardial contrast echocardiography, which allows real-time myocardial perfusion imaging. The intraoperative use of this technically challenging imaging method is limited at present, although several studies have examined its clinical utility during cardiac surgery in the past. In the present review we provide general information on the basic principles of CEUS and discuss the methodology and technical aspects of myocardial perfusion imaging.
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Postbus 7057, 1007 The Netherlands. c.bulte@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Carolien S E
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bulte
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Slikkerveer
authors.forename: Rick I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gort
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kamp
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Loer
authors.forename: Stefano F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: de Marchi
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boer
authors.forename: R Arthur
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bouwman
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D003199:Computer Systems; D003287:Contrast Media; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D045423:Microbubbles; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D010316:Particle Size; D010477:Perfusion; D059035:Perioperative Period; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media