title: Outcomes of laparoscopic and robotic radical cystectomy in the elderly patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic/robotic radical cystectomy (LRRC) for urothelial cancer of bladder (UCB) between elderly (≥ 70 years) and younger (<70 years) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 146 patients who underwent LRRC between 2003 and 2010 at 2 academic institutions (Cleveland, Ohio, United States and Toulouse, France) was performed. Of these, 74 patients were classified as elderly (≥ 70 years) and 72 patients were considered younger (<70 years). Perioperative outcomes, final pathology results, overall survival (OS), and cancer specific survival (CSS) were compared between the 2 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups had similar clinical stage at diagnosis, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, body mass index, and gender distribution. Ileal conduit-type diversion was favored in the older vs younger group, 84% vs 36%, respectively. Overall conversion rate to open procedures was 4% in both groups. Perioperative complication rate was not significantly different between the younger and older patients. Positive margin rate was 5% in both groups. The 5-year OS for older and younger patients was 75% and 87%, respectively (P = .03), and the 5-year CSS for the 2 groups was 51% and 54%, respectively (P = .7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic/robotic radical cystectomy in the elderly does not have worse perioperative complications or pathologic outcomes compared with younger patients and therefore can be offered as treatment option in select older patients.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Urologie, Transplantation Rénale et Andrologie, CHU, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guillotreau
authors.forename: Ranko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miocinovic
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gamé
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Forest
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Malavaud
authors.forename: Jihad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaouk
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rischmann
authors.forename: Georges-Pascal
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Haber
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012371:Robotics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology