title: Interactions between GaO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12(7+) and cellulosic materials.
abstract: The adsorption qualities of GaO(4)Al(12)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(7+), a polycation with ε-Keggin structure, and its stability in contact with anionic cellulosic materials, was investigated under different concentration and ionic strength conditions. The cellulosic materials employed were two different fully bleached fibre materials, carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC), and a spin-coated cellulose model surface. As analytical techniques, pH-measurements, potentiometric titrations, ICP-OES, QCM-D, equilibrium calculations and Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) were used. The adsorption is substantial and the addition of GaO(4)Al(12)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(7+) to a fibre suspension results in a rapid decrease in pH, followed by a small and slow increase in pH. This behaviour can be explained as due to a rapid and strong (log β>2) equilibrium adsorption of intact GaO(4)Al(12)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(7+) ions, followed by a slow, and minor, 3-8%, decomposition into different monomers. Alternative layer by layer adsorption of this ion, and CMC, on a spin-coated cellulose model surface constitutes further evidence for the strong interactions between the anionic cellulose materials and GaO(4)Al(12)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(7+). It is shown that the adsorption observed could not be described as due to an unspecific Donnan adsorption behaviour, neither of GaO(4)Al(12)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12)(7+) nor Ga and Al monomers, and specific surface complex formation is therefore discussed and applied. The (≡COO)(7)GaO(4)Al(12)(OH)(24)(H(2)O)(12) species found to explain the pH- and metal adsorption data should be considered strictly as a stoichiometric entity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden. ola.sundman@chem.umu.se
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sundman
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Dipanjan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Lars-Olof
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Öhman
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000327:Adsorption; D000535:Aluminum / Q000737:chemistry*; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007221:Industry; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010209:Paper; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000535:Aluminum; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D002482:Cellulose; D005682:Gadolinium; D011073:Polyamines; D000071228:Polyelectrolytes; D014867:Water