title: Coming into view: eukaryotic iron chaperones and intracellular iron delivery.
abstract: Eukaryotic cells contain hundreds of metalloproteins, and ensuring that each protein receives the correct metal ion is a critical task for cells. Recent work in budding yeast and mammalian cells has uncovered a system of iron delivery operating in the cytosolic compartment that involves monothiol glutaredoxins, which bind iron in the form of iron-sulfur clusters, and poly(rC)-binding proteins, which bind Fe(II) directly. In yeast cells, cytosolic monothiol glutaredoxins are required for the formation of heme and iron-sulfur clusters and the metallation of some non-heme iron enzymes. Poly(rC)-binding proteins can act as iron chaperones, delivering iron to target non-heme enzymes through direct protein-protein interactions. Although the molecular details have yet to be explored, these proteins, acting independently or together, may represent the basic cellular machinery for intracellular iron delivery.
authors.affiliation: Liver Diseases Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. carolinep@intra.niddk.nih.gov
authors.forename: Caroline C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Philpott
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry; D054477:Glutaredoxins / Q000737:chemistry; D006418:Heme / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000737:chemistry; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000096923:Frataxin
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D054477:Glutaredoxins; D006418:Heme; D007501:Iron; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins; D008667:Metalloproteins; D008670:Metals; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D000096923:Frataxin