title: Cedrol Enhances Extracellular Matrix Production in Dermal Fibroblasts in a MAPK-Dependent Manner.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The extracellular matrix (ECM) produced by dermal fibroblasts supports skin structure, and degradation and/or reduced production of ECM are the main causes of wrinkle formation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify the active ingredient that enhances ECM production in dermal fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polarity-based fractionation was used to isolate the active ingredient from natural extracts, and the effects of cedrol (isolated from Pterocarpus indicusirginia) on ECM production in cultured human dermal fibroblasts was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cedrol accelerated fibroblast growth in a dose-dependent manner and increased the production of type 1 collagen and elastin. Phosphorylation of p42/44 extracellular signal-regulated kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Akt was markedly increased by cedrol, indicating that enhanced ECM production is linked to activation of intracellular signaling cascades.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that cedrol stimulates ECM production, with possible applications to the maintenance of skin texture.
authors.affiliation: LG Household & Health Care Ltd, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Mu Hyun
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Sun Gyoo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yul-Lye
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam-Ji
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Seok-Seon
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang Deok
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeung-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee