title: Follow-up of women with gestational diabetes in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS): a population-based cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Women with gestational diabetes (GDM) are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but there is disagreement regarding this conversion rate or its cardiovascular consequences. We investigated the metabolic and cardiovascular consequences of women with GDM in a population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of women were selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) and followed up for an average 9 years: women with prior history of GDM (n = 29); women with history of macrosomia or stillbirth without GDM (MC-ST) (n = 570), and age- and BMI-matched controls (n = 628). The incidence of T2DM, hypertension (HTN) and dyslipidemia were compared between these groups. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 9-year follow-up, T2DM was diagnosed in 27.3% of women with GDM in comparison to 9.5% among the control group (P < 0/001); 7.4% of the MC-ST group versus 8.9% of control group developed T2DM during the study follow-up (P = 0/03). There was no significant difference in the incidence of HTN or dyslipidemia between these groups (P > 0/05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with a history of GDM are at higher risk for developing T2DM later in life. The timely recognition of GDM may provide a 'teachable moment' during which women could be motivated to implement lifestyle modifications to reduce their T2DM risk.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ramezani@endocrine.ac.ir
authors.forename: Fahimeh Ramezani
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tehrani
authors.forename: Somayeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasheminia
authors.forename: Freidoon
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azizi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000503:physiopathology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D012306:Risk