title: [Risk factors associated to retinopathy of prematurity].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the most important risk factors for the incidence of retinopathy in premature infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study, controls and cases of newborn infants (≤ 32 weeks of gestation and birth weight ≤ 1,500) with diagnosis of retinopathy in the newborn intensive care unit were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty cases of premature infants, with some grade of retinopathy, were found: 30 of which were male and 27 female.Three cases were excluded because of congenital problems. The two mainly involved risk factors in the retinopathy of neonates are gestational age (≤ 28 weeks; p ≤ 0.001; OR: 18.62; IC 95%: 7.36-47.09), and birth weight ≤ 1,000 g (p < 0.001; OR: 13.55; IC 95%: 5.59-32.84). Other risk factors found were: hyaline membrane disease(HMD), late sepsis, frequent desaturations in newborns up to the second week of life related to apnea, surfactant and postnatal steroids administration, as well as more than 5 blood transfusions, or stay at hospital longer than 45 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two main risk factors in the onset of retinopathy in premature infants are gestational age and birth weight.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, México. aurora5_zj@yahoo.com.mx
authors.forename: Clara Aurora de Jesús
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Zamorano Jiménez
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salgado Valladares
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Velásquez Valassi
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors