title: Clinical and histopathological factors in patients with cervical cancer allowing to identify candidates for less radical surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine clinical and histopathological factors in patients with cervical cancer tumors smaller than 2 cm in order to identify those who could be operated less extensively with preservation of reproductive organs and lower morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with cervical cancer and a maximum tumor of 2cm in diameter who were qualified for primary surgery in the years 2001-2007 at the Department of Gynecologic Oncology Cancer Center in Warsaw.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From the group of 110 operated patients, 96 were included into the study Within the analyzed group the infiltration of the parametrium was found in 4 women (4.2%). All of them had squamous cell cancer; stage IB, grade G3. One patient had a tumor 1.5 cm in diameter and 3 patients had tumors up to 2 cm in diameter. The involvement of lymph nodes was observed in 3 patients with squamous cell carcinoma: in one case the tumor was intermediate grade (G2) and in two cases low grade (G3). The lymph nodes were involved only in patients with tumors greater than 0.5 cm. The lymph vascular space invasion was found in 14 patients (14.7%): in 12 with squamous cell cancer and in 2 with adenocarcinoma. The diameter of the tumor was 0.5-1 cm in 4 women, 1-1.4 cm in 3 women and 1.5-2 cm in the majority (7 women accounted for 29% of all patients in that group). No infiltration of the blood vessels could be seen in all 30 women with tumors smaller than 0.5 cm. We found a statistically significant relationship between the size of the tumor and the incidence of lymph vascular space invasion (p=0.024).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In selective cases fertility organ preserving surgery is possible and safe. In the group of patients with tumor less than 5 mm in diameter no parametrium involvement or lymph metastases were observed. In such situation cervical conisation can be justified. In well-differentiated (G1) tumors less than 2 cm in diameter less radical surgical procedures can also be performed because no treatment failure has been observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecological Oncology Memorial Cancer Center - Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland. malgorzata.figat@gmail.com
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Figat
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zalewski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dańska-Bidzińska
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rzepka
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sobiczewski
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gujski
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bidziński
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016387:Women's Health