title: Measuring Balance and Mobility after Traumatic Brain Injury: Validation of the Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To further investigate the construct validity of the Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CB&M), developed for ambulatory individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of 35 patients with TBI (13 in-patients, 22 outpatients) was recruited. Analyses included a comparison of CB&M and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) admission and change scores and associations between the CB&M and measures of postural sway, gait, and dynamic stability; the Community Integration Questionnaire (CIQ); and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean admission scores on the BBS and the CB&M were 53.6/56 (SD=4.3) and 57.8/96 (SD=23.3) respectively. Significant correlations were demonstrated between the CB&M and spatiotemporal measures of gait, including walking velocity, step length, step width, and step time; measures of dynamic stability, including variability in step length and step time; and the ABC (p<0.05). Significant correlations between the CB&M and CIQ were revealed with a larger data set (n=47 outpatients) combined from previous phases of research.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with TBI, the CB&M is less susceptible to a ceiling effect than the BBS. The construct validity of the CB&M was supported, demonstrating associations with laboratory measures of dynamic stability, measures of community integration, and balance confidence.
authors.affiliation: Elizabeth L. Inness, BScPT, MSc:  Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Ontario; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: Elizabeth L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Inness
authors.forename: Jo-Anne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Niechwiej-Szwedo
authors.forename: Susan B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Jaglal
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: McIlroy
authors.forename: Molly C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Verrier
mesh_terms: D001930:Brain Injuries; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D004856:Postural Balance; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016138:Walking