title: Comparison between bioactive fluoride modified and bioinert anodically oxidized implant surfaces in early bone response using rabbit tibia model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether bioactive surfaces were more favorable to bone than bioinert surfaces by evaluating bone responses around two commercial dental implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bioactive fluoride-modified implants (Osseospeed) were compared with bioinert oxidized implants (TiUnite). Field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy analyzed the implant surface characteristics. Five New Zealand white rabbits were used to evaluate the bone response. Each rabbit received two implants: a fluoride-modified implant in one tibia and an oxidized implant in the other. Drilling was performed bicortically, and a gap defect was created in the upper cortexonly. Bone-to-implant contact and bone area were measured on the histological specimens 2 weeks after implant insertion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were found in surface roughness (P > 0.05). The gap defects were almost filled with new bone within a period of 2 weeks. The histomorphometry revealed no significant differences in bone-to-implant contact and bone area (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitation of this study, the bioactive fluoride-modified surface may show no superiority to the bioinert anodized surface in early bone response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Yoo
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyo-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Up
authors.initials: JU
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: In-Sung
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Yeo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D016062:Porosity; D011817:Rabbits; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D005459:Fluorides