title: A thermosensitive low molecular weight hydrogel as scaffold for tissue engineering.
abstract: Hydrogels that are non-toxic, easy to use, cytocompatible, injectable and degradable are valuable biomaterials for tissue engineering and tissue repair. However, few compounds currently fulfil these requirements. In this study, we describe the biological properties of a new type of thermosensitive hydrogel based on low-molecular weight glycosyl-nucleosyl-fluorinated (GNF) compound. This gel forms within 25 min by self-assembly of monomers as temperature decreases. It degrades slowly in vitro and in vivo. It induces moderate chronic inflammation and is progressively invaded by host cells and vessels, suggesting good integration to the host environment. Although human adult mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue (ASC) cannot adhere on the gel surface or within a 3D gel scaffold, cell aggregates grow and differentiate normally when entrapped in the GNF-based gel. Moreover, this hydrogel stimulates osteoblast differentiation of ASC in the absence of osteogenic factors. When implanted in mice, gel-entrapped cell aggregates survive for several weeks in contrast with gel-free spheroids. They are maintained in their original site of implantation where they interact with the host tissue and adhere on the extracellular matrix. They can differentiate in situ into alkaline phosphatase positive osteoblasts, which deposit a calcium phosphate-rich matrix. When injected into subcutaneous sites, gel-encapsulated cells show similar biological properties as implanted gel-cells complexes. These data point GNF-based gels as a novel class of hydrogels with original properties, in particular osteogenic potential, susceptible of providing new therapeutic solutions especially for bone tissue engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: University of Bordeaux, Bioingénierie Tissulaire, U1026, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ziane
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schlaubitz
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miraux
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patwa
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lalande
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bilem
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lepreux
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Le Meins
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Latxague
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barthélémy
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chassande
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000737:chemistry; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D009705:Nucleosides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate