title: Consensus and different perspectives on treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although closed reduction and percutaneous pinning is accepted as the treatment of choice for displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus, there are some debates on the pinning techniques, period of immobilization, elbow range of motion (ROM) exercise, and perceptions on the restoration of elbow ROM. This study was to investigate the consensus and different perspectives on the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was designed for this study, which included the choice of pinning technique, methods of elbow motion, and perception on the restoration of elbow ROM. Seventy-six orthopedic surgeons agreed to participate in the study and survey was performed by a direct interview manner in the annual meetings of Korean Pediatric Orthopedic Association and Korean Society for Surgery of the Hand. There were 17 pediatric orthopedic surgeons, 48 hand surgeons, and 11 general orthopedic surgeons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-six percent of the orthopedic surgeons agreed that closed reduction and percutaneous pinning was the treatment of choice for the displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children. They showed significant difference in the choice of pin entry (lateral vs. crossed pinning, p = 0.017) between the three groups of orthopedic surgeons, but no significant difference was found in the number of pins, all favoring 2 pins over 3 pins. Most of the orthopedic surgeons used a removable splint during the ROM exercise period. Hand surgeons and general orthopedic surgeons tended to be more concerned about elbow stiffness after supracondylar fracture than pediatric orthopedic surgeons, and favored gentle passive ROM exercise as elbow motion. Pediatric orthopedic surgeons most frequently adopted active ROM exercise as the elbow motion method. Pediatric orthopedic surgeons and general orthopedic surgeons acknowledged that the patient's age was the most contributing factor to the restoration of elbow motion, whereas hand surgeons acknowledged the amount of injury to be the most contributing factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More investigation and communication will be needed to reach a consensus in treating pediatric supracondylar fractures of the humerus between the different subspecialties of orthopedic surgeons, which can minimize malpractice and avoid medicolegal issues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sanglim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Moon Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chin Youb
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Dae Gyu
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Ki Hyuk
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Tae Won
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: In Ho
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Tae-Joon
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Won Joon
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Kyoung Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001858:Bone Nails; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006810:Humeral Fractures / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D009985:Orthopedics; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013165:Splints; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors