title: [The pharmacological treatment of obesity: past, present and future].
abstract: Currently, obesity presents one of the biggest health problems. Management strategies for weight reduction in obese individuals include changes in life style such as exercise and diet, behavioral therapy, and pharmacological treatment, and in certain cases surgical intervention. Diet and exercise are best for both prevention and treatment, but both require much discipline and are difficult to maintain. Drug treatment of obesity offer a possible adjunct, but it may only have modest results, limited by side effects; furthermore, the weight lowering effects last only as long as the drug is being taken and, unfortunately, as soon as the administration is stopped, the weight is regained. These strategies should be used in a combination for higher efficacy. Drugs used to induce weight loss have various effects: they increase satiety, reduce the absorption of nutrients or make metabolism faster; but their effect is usually moderate. In the past, several drugs were used in the pharmacological therapy of weight reduction including thyroid hormone, dinitrophenol, amphetamines and their analogues, e.g. fenfluramine, At present, only orlistat is available in the long term treatment (≥ 24 weeks) of obesity as sibutramine and rimonabant were withdrawn form the market. Several new anti-obesity drugs are being tested at present, and liraglutide, a GLP-1 analogue (incretin mimetic), is the most promising one.
authors.affiliation: Pest Megyei Flór Ferenc Kórház, Kardiometabolikus Centrum V. Belgyógyászat-Lipidológiai Osztály, Regionális Zsíranyagcsere-központ és Hypertonia Decentrum, Budapest. bmbel3@gmail.com
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simonyi
authors.forename: Gyula
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pados
authors.forename: Mihály
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Medvegy
authors.forename: J Róbert
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bedros
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020372:Dexfenfluramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005277:Fenfluramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020738:Leptin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000188:drug therapy; D000077403:Orlistat; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000077285:Rimonabant; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects; D012701:Serotonin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D051247:Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013395:Sucrose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D001552:Benzazepines; D048588:Benzoxazines; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007783:Lactones; D020738:Leptin; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4; D051247:Sodium-Glucose Transport Proteins; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D005277:Fenfluramine; D012701:Serotonin; D013395:Sucrose; C506658:lorcaserin; C013692:sucrose polyester; D000069450:Liraglutide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D000077403:Orlistat; C518479:Tesofensine; D020372:Dexfenfluramine; C520092:cetilistat; D000077285:Rimonabant; C058254:sibutramine; D009638:Norepinephrine; C521311:N-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(3-cyanophenyl)-1-methylpropyl)-2-methyl-2-((5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)propanamide