title: Novel device that produces carbon dioxide mist for myocardial infarction treatment in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) baths have been used to treat a variety of diseases, but developing an artificial bath of highly concentrated CO(2) is difficult. Here, we tried the efficacy of a novel device instead of a CO(2) bath.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a device equipped with double fluid nozzles, CO(2) gas and H(2)O were compounded and compressed at 4 barometric pressures. As a result, CO(2) gas was dissolved in H(2)O, which contained a few micrometers of CO(2) particles, namely, a CO(2) mist. Wistar rats with myocardial infarction (MI) by ligation of the left coronary artery were percutaneously administered CO(2) mist or CO(2) gas alone or no treatment for 30 min daily. With regard to tissue blood flow during treatment, the group treated with CO(2) mist had significantly increased tissue oxygenated hemoglobin levels and tissue saturation levels, and significantly decreased deoxygenated hemoglobin levels compared with the group treated with CO(2) gas. After 4 weeks treatment, the group treated with CO(2) mist had a significantly improved ejection fraction by echocardiography compared with the untreated group. Interestingly, the group treated with CO(2) mist had significantly increased nitrate concentrations in serum and vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression levels in the myocardium compared with the untreated group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our new mist production device may be potentially useful for the treatment of heart failure caused by MI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Osaka City University Medical School, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Yasukatsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanatani
authors.forename: Kenei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwao
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004452:Echocardiography; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide