title: Comparison of dental esthetic perceptions of young adolescents and their parents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare dental esthetic perceptions of adolescents at age 13 with those of parents and to assess associations with dental fluorosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescents aged 13 underwent dental examinations for fluorosis on maxillary anterior teeth using the Fluorosis Risk Index. Adolescents and parents completed questionnaires concerning satisfaction with adolescents' dental appearance. McNemar and Bowker tests of symmetry were used for comparisons of esthetics ratings between parents and adolescents. Comparison of satisfaction between subjects with fluorosis and subjects with no fluorosis was made using Cochran-Armitage Trend and Fisher's Exact tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 376 adolescents included in the study, 26 percent had definitive fluorosis, mostly at a mild level. Fifteen percent of adolescents were dissatisfied with dental appearance, and concerns were mainly about color (45 percent) and alignment (35 percent). Adolescents were less satisfied with overall dental appearance (P < 0.001) and color (P = 0.048) and more concerned about tooth shape (P = 0.002) than were their parents. Fluorosis status (yes/no) was not significantly associated with adolescents' perceptions (P > 0.05). Parents of subjects with fluorosis were more dissatisfied with dental appearance (P = 0.014) and color (P < 0.001) than other parents. The number of maxillary anterior zones exhibiting fluorosis was negatively associated with adolescent (P = 0.03) and parent (P = 0.002) satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescents generally had less satisfaction with dental appearance and color, and were more concerned with tooth shape than were parents. For both parents and adolescents, decreased satisfaction was associated with the number of zones with definitive fluorosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa, IA, USA. goinaz-kavand@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Golnaz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kavand
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Broffitt
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction