title: Interrelated effects of dihomo-γ-linolenic and arachidonic acids, and sesamin on hepatic fatty acid synthesis and oxidation in rats.
abstract: Interrelated effects of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and arachidonic acid (ARA), and sesamin, a sesame lignan, on hepatic fatty acid synthesis and oxidation were examined in rats. Rats were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0 or 2 g/kg sesamin (1:1 mixture of sesamin and episesamin), containing 100 g/kg of maize oil or fungal oil rich in DGLA or ARA for 16 d. Among the groups fed sesamin-free diets, oils rich in DGLA or ARA, especially the latter, compared with maize oil strongly reduced the activity and mRNA levels of various lipogenic enzymes. Sesamin, irrespective of the type of fat, reduced the parameters of lipogenic enzymes except for malic enzyme. The type of dietary fat was rather irrelevant in affecting hepatic fatty acid oxidation among rats fed the sesamin-free diets. Sesamin increased the activities of enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation in all groups of rats given different fats. The extent of the increase depended on the dietary fat type, and the values became much higher with a diet containing sesamin and oil rich in ARA in combination than with a diet containing lignan and maize oil. Analyses of mRNA levels revealed that the combination of sesamin and oil rich in ARA compared with the combination of lignan and maize oil markedly increased the gene expression of various peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation enzymes but not mitochondrial enzymes. The enhancement of sesamin action on hepatic fatty acid oxidation was also confirmed with oil rich in DGLA but to a lesser extent.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Function, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan. t-ide@jumonji-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiso
mesh_terms: D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D004149:Dioxoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D017705:Lignans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008066:Lipolysis; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D004149:Dioxoles; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D017705:Lignans; D008055:Lipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D003314:Corn Oil; D015126:8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid; C054125:sesamin