title: Chemoprevention with green propolis green propolis extracted in L-lysine versus carcinogenesis promotion with L-lysine in N-Butyl-N-[4-hydroxybutyl] nitrosamine (BBN) induced rat bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of green propolis extracted in L-lysine (WSDP) and of L- lysine for 40 weeks on induced rat bladder carcinogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animals (groups I, II, III, IV, V and VI) received BBN during 14 weeks. Group I was treated with propolis 30 days prior received BBN, and then these animals were treated daily with propolis; Groups II and III was treated with subcutaneous and oral propolis (respectively) concurrently with BBN. The animals of Group IV were treated L-lysine; Group V received water subcutaneous; and Group VI received only to BBN. Among the animals not submitted to carcinogenesis induction, Group VII received propolis, Group VIII received L-lysine and Group IX received water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The carcinoma incidence in Group I was lower than that of control (Group VI). The carcinoma multiplicity in Group IV was greater than in Group VI. All animals treated with L-lysine developed carcinomas, and they were also more invasive in Group IV than in controls. On the other hand, Group VIII showed no bladder lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The WSDP is chemopreventive against rat bladder carcinogenesis, if administered 30 days prior to BBN , and that L-lysine causes promotion of bladder carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, UFC, Ceara, Brazil. eusoucondor@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Conceição Aparecida
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dornelas
authors.forename: Francisco Vagnaldo
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Fechine-Jamacaru
authors.forename: Irineu Lima
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.forename: Hemerson Iury Ferreira
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: Adjair Jairo Silva de
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Leonardo Alcântara
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Carvalho de
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Telma Leda Gomes de
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: José Daniel Vieira de
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Maria Elisabete Amaral
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Manoel Odorico
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Moraes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002273:Carcinogens; D005260:Female; D008239:Lysine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011429:Propolis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D011429:Propolis; D008239:Lysine