title: Association of TNF-α with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  TNF-α is an adipocytokine that has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance. Dysregulation of TNF-α production has been implicated in a variety of human diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. We aimed to find out the association of TNF-α levels with insulin resistance, body mass index and waist hip ratio; and to elicit its role with respect to duration of the disease, if any.
  
  
  METHODS
  50 type-2 diabetic patients attending Narayana Medical Hospital, Nellore, were studied. Body mass index and Waist hip ratio were calculated. Homeostasis model assessment method was used to calculate insulin resistance (HOMA IR) and per cent β cell function (HOMA B). Insulin was estimated by chemiluminescence method and TNF-α by ELISA method. The subjects were arbitrarily categorized into three groups based on duration of diabetes. Group 1 included subjects with diabetes of less than 5 yr duration, group 2 included diabetics of 6-10 yr duration and group 3 greater than 10 yr duration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our study revealed a significant correlation between TNF-α levels and BMI (P=0.006), the correlation being stronger in males when compared to females. A significant correlation was found between per cent β cell function and TNF-α (P=0.008). TNF-α correlated significantly with HOMA IR, HOMA B and insulin, in group 2 diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest the possible role of TNF-α in the pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes mellitus and the importance of reducing obesity to prevent elevated levels of the cytokine and related complications.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department of Narayana Medical College, Nellore, India.
authors.forename: Jatla Jyothi
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Swaroop
authors.forename: Duggirala
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rajarajeswari
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Naidu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha