title: The clinical spectrum of the m.10191T>C mutation in complex I-deficient Leigh syndrome.
abstract: Mitochondrial respiratory chain diseases represent one of the most common inherited neurometabolic disorders of childhood, affecting a minimum of 1 in 7500 live births. The marked clinical, biochemical, and genetic heterogeneity means that accurate genetic counselling relies heavily upon the identification of the underlying causative mutation in the individual and determination of carrier status in the parents. Isolated complex I deficiency is the most common respiratory chain defect observed in children, resulting in organ-specific or multisystem disease, but most often presenting as Leigh syndrome, for which mitochondrial DNA mutations are important causes. Several recurrent, pathogenic point mutations in the MTND3 gene - including m.10191T>C (p.Ser45Pro) - have been previously identified. In this short clinical review we evaluate the case reports of the m.10191T>C mutation causing complex I-deficient Leigh syndrome described in the literature, in addition to two new ones diagnosed in our laboratory. Both of these appear to have arisen de novo without transmission of the mutation from mother to offspring, illustrating the importance not only of fully characterizing the mitochondrial genome as part of the investigation of children with complex I-deficient Leigh syndrome but also of assessing maternal samples to provide crucial genetic advice for families.
authors.affiliation: Mitochondrial Research Group, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nesbitt
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Crushell
authors.forename: Deirdre E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: Charlotte L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Alston
authors.forename: Langping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007888:Leigh Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D011392:Proline / Q000235:genetics; D012694:Serine / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012694:Serine; D011392:Proline; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I; C114961:MT-ND3 protein, human