title: Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5 bisphosphate and the actin cytoskeleton.
abstract: Dynamic changes in PM PIP(2) have been implicated in the regulation of many processes that are dependent on actin polymerization and remodeling. PIP(2) is synthesized primarily by the type I phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate 5 kinases (PIP5Ks), and there are three major isoforms, called a, b and g. There is emerging evidence that these PIP5Ks have unique as well as overlapping functions. This review will focus on the isoform-specific roles of individual PIP5K as they relate to the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. We will review recent advances that establish PIP(2) as a critical regulator of actin polymerization and cytoskeleton/membrane linkages, and show how binding of cytoskeletal proteins to membrane PIP(2) might alter lateral or transverse movement of lipids to affect raft formation or lipid asymmetry. The mechanisms for specifying localized increase in PIP(2) to regulate dynamic actin remodeling will also be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, 75390-9040, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuntao S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Janmey
authors.forename: Helen L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C020077:1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase; D002118:Calcium