title: Infrared spectroscopy in hemodialysis: reagent-free monitoring of patient detoxification by infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: A method for monitoring hemodialysis based on quantitative infrared spectroscopic determination of the molecules dialyzed from patient blood is reported. The measurements are reagent-free and aim at real-time and in-line monitoring of the hemodialysis patient. A flow cell using attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy is coupled downstream of the dialysis filter unit. A calibration model has been developed from real hemodialysis samples analyzed by chemical reference analysis and from artificially mixed dialysis samples. The infrared monitoring of hemodialysis includes quantitative determination of urea as the lead substance, as well as glucose, lactate, and creatinine, all at a precision only limited by the chemical reference analysis. The flow cell can be fitted to all standard hemodialysis systems. Preliminary tests with hemodialysis patients have demonstrated that detoxification can be clearly monitored. Furthermore, these experiments demonstrate that a wide, real-time control of the patient's physiological parameters is possible with this method, which could lead to increased patient safety.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dornuf
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schneditz
authors.forename: Hildegard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hafner-Gießauf
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mäntele
mesh_terms: D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D014508:Urea / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014508:Urea; D005947:Glucose