title: Administration of recombinant Reishi immunomodulatory protein (rLZ-8) diet enhances innate immune responses and elicits protection against nervous necrosis virus in grouper Epinephelus coioides.
abstract: Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infection during larvae and juvenile stage in grouper (Epinephelus coioides) has caused severe economic losses in the aquaculture industry in Asia. The aims of this study were to evaluate the influence of recombinant Reishi protein, rLZ-8, on the innate immune responses and the viral resisting ability in fish. Groupers were fed with rLZ-8 supplemented diet (1.25-37.5 mg (rLZ-8)/kg(diet)), and the cytokine gene expression, innate immune responses, and survival rate after NNV challenge were examined. The fish fed with rLZ-8 diet showed 6- to 11-fold upregulated TNF-α and IL-1β gene expression, along with significant increased respiratory burst and phagocytic activity. Moreover, feeding the fish with 37.5 mg/kg rLZ-8 diet elicited significant improvement in post viral challenge survival rate (85.7%). These discoveries indicated that rLZ-8 could be utilized as an ant-pathogen immunostimulant, and provided a new candidate to fight against NNV infection in fish.
authors.affiliation: Department of Horticulture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yen-Chou
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kuan
authors.forename: Fuu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: Guo-Chi
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ming-Wei
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chih-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Fan-Hua
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Nan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D030381:Nodaviridae; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D012327:RNA Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins