title: A cross-sectional study on food patterns and adiposity among individuals with abnormal glucose homeostasis.
abstract: Dietary habits play an important role in the prevention of chronic disease; however, few studies have assessed the major dietary patterns in Middle Eastern countries. This study identifies major dietary patterns among Iranian people with abnormal glucose homeostasis.
  
  
  
  This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Diabetes Research Center, Isfahan, Iran among 425 subjects with abnormal glucose homeostasis. Patients were of ages 35 - 55 years and had family histories of diabetes. We assessed dietary intake by the use of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that contained 39 food items. General obesity was defined as a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and central obesity was defined as waist circumference (WC) ≥ 88 in women and WC ≥ 102 in men.
  
  
  
  Five major dietary patterns were revealed by factor analysis: 'western', 'healthy', 'vegetarian', 'high-fat dairy', and 'chicken and plants'. Those in the top tertile of the 'western pattern' had greater odds for general (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.07 - 2.78) and central obesity (OR = 2, 95% CI = 1.24 - 3.22), however these associations were not significant after adjustment for confounding variables. The 'high-fat dairy pattern' was associated with greater odds of general obesity only after adjusting for confounding variables (OR = 1.73; 95%CI = 1.01 - 2.96).
  
  
  
  The dietary pattern characterized by high intake of hydrogenated fat and sugar was shown to be positively associated with a risk of general and central obesity, however further prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Massoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Shila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shafaeizadeh
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zare
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khosravi Boroujeni
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esmaillzadeh
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D014676:Diet, Vegetarian; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio