title: Nonanesthesiologist-administered propofol sedation: from the exception to standard practice. Sedation and monitoring trends over 20 years.
abstract: The practice of sedation, including monitoring practice for digestive endoscopy, continues to evolve throughout the world. In many countries, including Switzerland, there is a trend towards increased utilization of sedation during both routine and advanced endoscopic procedures. Sedation improves patient satisfaction with endoscopy and also improves the quality of the examination. In addition, a trend can be observed towards an increasing use of propofol as the preferred sedative drug. Here we review the latest published data from surveys describing sedation and monitoring practice in different countries and compare them with our own data from successive nationwide surveys among Swiss gastroenterologists over a period of 20 years. This development between these socioeconomically very similar Western industrialized countries, however, shows some unique and surprising differences. In Germany and Switzerland, propofol use has become increasingly widespread, in Switzerland even to the extent that during the last few years propofol has overtaken benzodiazepine sedation, with an absolute majority of Swiss gastroenterologists using it without the assistance of an anesthesiologist. In addition, the change in Switzerland reflects a successful generalization of nonanesthesiologist-administered propofol (NAAP) sedation from the hospital setting to private practice.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik, Spital Zollikerberg, Zürich, Switzerland. ltheuss@hin.ch
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Heuss
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Froehlich
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beglinger
mesh_terms: D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D003625:Data Collection; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000639:trends; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005060:Europe; D005762:Gastroenterology; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000639:trends*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013557:Switzerland; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D010100:Oxygen; D015742:Propofol