title: The role of iNOS inhibitors on lung injury induced by gastrointestinal decontamination agents aspiration.
abstract: Aspiration is a devastating complication during decontamination procedure in poisoning patients. We have investigated whether S-methylisothiourea protects different pulmonary aspiration gastrointestinal decontamination agent-induced lung injury in rats. Forty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of six groups (n = 7): normal saline, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, normal saline + S-methylisothiourea treated activated charcoal + S-methylisothiourea treated and polyethylene glycol + S-methylisothiourea treated. Normal saline, activated aharcoal and polyethylene glycol were instilled into the lungs. The rats received S-methylisothiourea i.p twice daily for 7 days. Serum surfactant protein D, oxidative stress products and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the lung were investigated. The aspiration of activated charcoal significantly increased all histopathological scores (P < 0.01). Only peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar edema, and alveolar histiocytes were increased in the polyethylene glycol groups as compared to the normal saline group (P < 0.05). Pulmonary aspiration increased serum malondialdehyde (P < 0.001), and surfactant protein D (P < 0.05) levels and decreased serum superoxide dismutase levels (P < 0.05). S-methylisothiourea treatment decreased all histopathological scores in the activated charcoal treated S-methylisothiourea group (P < 0.01) and only decreased alveolar edema and alveolar histiocytes in the polyethylene glycol-treated S-methylisothiourea group (P < 0.05). S-methylisothiourea treatment reduced elevated oxidative factors, inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and serum surfactant protein D levels. Our findings showed that S-methylisothiourea may be a protective drug against Activated Charcoal and Polyethylene Glycol-induced lung injury.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey. ahmetgzl@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Güzel
authors.forename: Aygül
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Güzel
authors.forename: Mithat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Günaydin
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alaçam
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saliş
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sükrü Paksu
authors.forename: Naci
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Murat
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gacar
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Güvenç
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D002606:Charcoal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006644:Histiocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D007550:Isothiuronium / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002606:Charcoal; D007550:Isothiuronium; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C027744:S-methylisothiopseudouronium