title: Congenital supravalvular mitral stenosis in 14 cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical features of congenital supravalvular mitral stenosis (SVMS) in cats.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Supravalvular mitral stenosis is an uncommon congenital cardiac defect that has not been previously reported in a series of cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 cats with SVMS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records, relevant diagnostic studies and preserved pathology specimens were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cats were presented over a wide age range (5 months-10 years; median 3 years); males (n = 9) and the Siamese breed were over-represented. Presenting complaints included respiratory distress (n = 6), hindlimb paralysis due to aortic thromboembolism (n = 5) and asymptomatic heart murmur (n = 3). Echocardiographic examination often identified pulmonary hypertension (PHT) (n = 7) and concurrent cardiac abnormalities (n = 7), especially partial atrioventricular septal defect (PAVSD) (n = 4). Status 12 months following diagnosis was known for 9 cats; 8 of these had died or were euthanized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cats with SVMS are usually presented as young adults for respiratory signs attributable to congestive heart failure, aortic thromboembolism or incidental murmur identification. Congestive heart failure, PHT and concurrent congenital cardiac abnormalities (specifically PAVSD) are common. Long-term prognosis for symptomatic cats is poor.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. fecampbell@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Fiona E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002415:Cats; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000002:abnormalities; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography