title: Self-reports of eating quickly are related to a decreased number of chews until first swallow, total number of chews, and total duration of chewing in young people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The validity of a self-questionnaire about eating quickly remains unclear. If a significant relationship between subjective and objective methods to evaluate eating quickly can be confirmed, then the subjective method can be widely and reliably used in many fields. This study investigated relationships between subjective and objective methods to evaluate eating quickly and also numerically characterized the kinesis of eating quickly in young people.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirteen students (44 males and 69 females; mean age 22.8 ± 2.0 years) were selected. All subjects completed written questionnaires, and number of chews until first swallow, total duration of chewing, number of chews, chewing rate and bite size were measured using test products (a Japanese cracker and rice ball).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both male and female subjects who reported eating quickly showed a significantly lower number of chews until first swallow (Japanese cracker), a lower number of chews overall (rice ball), and a shorter total duration of chewing (rice ball) than other subjects. There was no difference in chewing rate between subjects who ate quickly or not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that using test products, self-reports of eating quickly are related to a decreased number of chews until first swallow, total number of chews, and total duration of chewing, but not chewing rate, and that a self-reported questionnaire to evaluate eating rate is valid in young people.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ekuni
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomofuji
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
mesh_terms: D003679:Deglutition; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication; D057566:Self Report; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult