title: Exogenous thermospermine has an activity to induce a subset of the defense genes and restrict cucumber mosaic virus multiplication in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: We previously proposed the defensive role of a signal pathway triggered by the polyamine spermine (Spm) in the reaction against avirulent viral pathogens in Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana. In this study, we showed that thermospermine (T-Spm), an isomer of Spm, is also active in inducing the expression of the genes involved in the Spm-signal pathway at a similar dose as Spm. Furthermore, we found that T-Spm enhances the expression of a subset of pathogenesis-related genes whose expression is induced during cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-triggered hypersensitive response. In consistent with the above observation, we further showed that exogenous T-Spm can repress CMV multiplication with same efficiency as Spm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polyamine thermospermine, an isomer of spermine, is able to induce a subset of hypersensitive response-related defense genes and can suppress cucumber mosaic virus multiplication in Arabidopsis thaliana.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: G H M
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Sagor
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niitsu
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berberich
authors.forename: Tomonobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kusano
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D017799:Cucumovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013096:Spermine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; C053376:pathogenesis-related proteins, plant; D013096:Spermine; C021097:thermospermine