title: Status of ion sources at National Institute of Radiological Sciences.
abstract: The National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS) maintains various ion accelerators in order to study the effects of radiation of the human body and medical uses of radiation. Two electrostatic tandem accelerators and three cyclotrons delivered by commercial companies have offered various life science tools; these include proton-induced x-ray emission analysis (PIXE), micro beam irradiation, neutron exposure, and radioisotope tracers and probes. A duoplasmatron, a multicusp ion source, a penning ion source (PIG), and an electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) are in operation for these purposes. The Heavy-Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) is an accelerator complex for heavy-ion radiotherapy, fully developed by NIRS. HIMAC is utilized not only for daily treatment with the carbon beam but also for fundamental experiments. Several ECRISs and a PIG at HIMAC satisfy various research and clinical requirements.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hojo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imaseki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katagiri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suya
mesh_terms: D000047:Academies and Institutes; D002244:Carbon / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017357:Cyclotrons; D009502:Neutrons; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon