title: Modulation of the association between plasma intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and cancer risk by n-3 PUFA intake: a nested case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mechanistic data suggest that n-3 PUFAs and endothelial function may interact and play a role in carcinogenesis, but epidemiologic evidence is lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to investigate whether the prospective association between soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and cancer risk is modulated by n-3 PUFA intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nested case-control study was designed to include all first-incident cancer cases diagnosed in the SUpplémentation en VItamines et Minéraux AntioXydants cohort between 1994 and 2007, with available dietary data from 24-h records (n = 408). Cases were matched with 1 or 2 randomly selected controls (n = 760). Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for the association between prediagnostic plasma concentrations of sICAM-1 and cancer risk, stratified by n-3 PUFA intake. The interactions between sICAM-1 and n-3 PUFA intake were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An interaction was observed between sICAM-1 and n-3 PUFA intake, which was consistent across the studied cancer locations (P-interaction = 0.036 for overall, 0.038 for breast, and 0.020 for prostate cancer risk). sICAM-1 concentrations were positively associated with cancer risk among subjects with n-3 PUFA intakes below the median (multivariate OR(Tertile3vsTertile1): 2.8; 95% CI: 1.5, 5.2; P-trend = 0.001), whereas this association was not observed for subjects with n-3 PUFA intakes above the median (OR(Tertile3vsTertile1): 1.3; 95% CI: 0.8, 2.3; P-trend = 0.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that n-3 PUFA intake may counteract the procarcinogenic actions of sICAM-1.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U557, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Inra, Cnam, Paris 13 University, Bobigny, France. m.touvier@uren.smbh.univ-paris13.fr
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Touvier
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kesse-Guyot
authors.forename: Valentina A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Andreeva
authors.forename: Léopold
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fezeu
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Charnaux
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Druesne-Pecollo
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hercberg
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galan
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zelek
authors.forename: Paule
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Latino-Martel
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Czernichow
mesh_terms: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015930:Diet Records; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012306:Risk; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1