title: Identification of the target cells and sequence of infection during experimental infection of ovine fetuses with Cache Valley virus.
abstract: Cache Valley virus-induced malformations have been previously reproduced in ovine fetuses; however, no studies have established the course of infection of cells and tissues with Cache Valley virus. To address these questions, ovine fetuses at 35 days of gestation were inoculated in utero with Cache Valley virus and euthanized at 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days postinfection. On postmortem examination, arthrogryposis and oligohydramnios were observed in some infected fetuses. Morphological studies showed necrosis in the central nervous system and skeletal muscle of infected fetuses evaluated after 7 to 14 days postinfection, and hydrocephalus, micromyelia, and muscular loss were observed in infected fetuses after 21 to 28 days postinfection. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, intense Cache Valley virus antigen and RNA staining was detected in the brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, and, to a lesser degree, in fetal membranes and other tissues of infected fetuses. Viral antigen and RNA staining decreased in targeted and infected tissues with the progression of the infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA. arodrigues@cvm.tamu.edu
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodrigues Hoffmann
authors.forename: Christabel Jane
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Welsh
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilcox Varner
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Concha-Bermejillo
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marchand Ball
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ambrus
authors.forename: John Francis
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002042:Bunyamwera virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002044:Bunyaviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000473:pathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral