title: Dynamic training of the lumbar musculature to prevent recurrence of acute low back pain: a randomized controlled trial using a daily pain recall for 1 year.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this experiment was to quantify lumbar muscle endurance training for individuals with a recent episode of acute low back pain (LBP) (≥ moderate pain for ≥ 2 days) and to observe whether the training would reduce the rate and severity of recurrent LBP episodes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six participants who were pain-free at the time of the study were randomly divided into a high intensity back endurance (HIBE)-trained or a low intensity abdominal (LOAB)-trained (control) group. The HIBE-trained group performed preloaded maximum isokinetic exertions of the back extensors (five sets of 10 repetitions, 3 days a week for 4 weeks, totaling 12 sessions). The LOAB-trained group performed low intensity isometric contractions on their abdominals that had minimal effect on their back musculature. The two groups reported daily pain logs on a weekly basis on an interactive voice response telephone system for 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HIBE-trained group experienced more pain days (p = 0.038) in the minor and moderate categories and more episodes of acute LBP than the LOAB-trained group. However, there was a trend of less pain in the severe, intense and excruciating categories in the HIBE-trained group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this experiment did not provide evidence that short-term intense training of the low back musculature provides protection against future episodes of LBP.
authors.affiliation: Center for Physical Ergonomics, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, Hopkinton, MA 01748, USA. vincent.ciriello@libertymutual.com
authors.forename: Vincent M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Ciriello
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rivard
authors.forename: Mary Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Woiszwillo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome