title: [Clinico-epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive immigrants: study of 371 cases].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The number of HIV-positive immigrants have increased in Spain in the last few years, and now represent a significant proportion of the epidemic. Our objective is to describe the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive immigrants seen in a specialist unit in Madrid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study. Every patient born in a country other than Spain and attended an HIV Unit in Madrid between 1992 and 2009 was included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 371 patients included, 53.1% were Latin Americans, 24.5% Sub-Saharan Africans, and 22.4% others), and 60% were males. Immigrants represented 0.3% of new patients in 1992 and rose to 49.2% in 2009. The principal reason for HIV testing had been pregnancy/delivery among women (32.7%) and having a category-B disease among men (17.4%). Sexual transmission accounted for 92% of patients. Tuberculosis was the principal AIDS-diagnosing illness. Respectively 90%, 7.7%, 60%, 26.7%, 96% and 95% of patients had an IgG for HAV, HCV, Toxoplasma, Treponema, CMV and VZV. VHB-Ags+: 5.4%; PPD+: 17%. At least one syphilis episode was recorded in 62% of the men who have sex with men (MSM). Prevalence of HLA-B5701 was 6%, 0.9% and 3.8% in Caucasians, Amerindians and Afro-Americans, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immigrants represent a significant proportion of new HIV-positive patients. It is a very heterogeneous group according to their clinical and epidemiological characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Unidad VIH, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España. jaravih12@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jara
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Llenas-García
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Asunción
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernando
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fiorante
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maseda
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matarranz
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pulido
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D000328:Adult; D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000208:ethnology; D001208:Asia / Q000208:ethnology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005060:Europe / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000635:transmission; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence / Q000639:trends; D015497:HIV-1; D015498:HIV-2; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006786:Hospitals, Urban / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America / Q000208:ethnology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D019529:Sexuality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D015235:HLA-B Antigens; C484830:HLA-B*57:01 antigen