title: Calcium channel blocker toxicity in dogs and cats.
abstract: The widespread use and availability of calcium channel blockers in human and veterinary medicine pose a risk for inadvertent pet exposure to these medications. Clinical signs can be delayed by many hours after exposure in some cases, with hypotension and cardiac rhythm changes (bradycardia, atrioventricular block, or tachycardia) as the predominant signs. Prompt decontamination and aggressive treatment using a variety of modalities may be necessary to treat patients exposed to calcium channel blockers. The prognosis of an exposed patient depends on the severity of signs and response to treatment.
authors.affiliation: ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center, 1717 South Philo Road, Suite 36, Urbana, IL 61802, USA. cristine.hayes@aspca.org
authors.forename: Cristine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000506:poisoning*; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000506:poisoning*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D011041:Poisoning / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000931:Antidotes; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers