title: Cardiopulmonary effects of using carbon dioxide for laparoscopic surgery in cats.
abstract: The cardiopulmonary effects of capnoperitoneum were investigated in 8 spontaneously breathing, young adult female cats undergoing laparoscopic pancreatic biopsy (intra-abdominal pressure 12 mmHg). Cats were premedicated with acepromazine and hydromorphone, induced with ketamine and diazepam, and maintained using an end-tidal isoflurane concentration of 1.13% in 100% oxygen. Direct systemic arterial blood pressure, heart and respiratory rates, end-tidal carbon dioxide (CO(2)), and isoflurane were recorded every 5 min before insufflation (baseline), during insufflation of the abdomen with CO(2), and following desufflation. Arterial blood samples were drawn at baseline, at 10 and 30 min of insufflation, and 5 min after desufflation for blood gases. The significant findings (P < 0.05) were as follows: insufflation produced an increase in heart rate (5 to 15 min and at 30 min), mean arterial blood pressure (25 to 30 min), and diastolic arterial blood pressure (10 to 30 min). After desufflation, respiratory rate increased for 15 min. The changes were within physiologically acceptable limits in these healthy, anesthetized cats despite no artificial maintenance of minute ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. shannon.beazley@usask.ca
authors.forename: Shannon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Beazley
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cosford
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duke-Novakovski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002415:Cats / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007327:Insufflation / Q000662:veterinary*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000662:veterinary*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010313:Partial Pressure; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen