title: Prevalence of respiratory signs and identification of risk factors for respiratory morbidity in Swedish Yorkshire terriers.
abstract: Yorkshire terriers may be prone to respiratory disease; however, limited epidemiological information is available. A cross-sectional study design was used to compare the prevalence of respiratory signs in Yorkshire terriers with the prevalence in a population of dogs in general and to identify risk factors for respiratory clinical signs within the Swedish population of Yorkshire terriers. Data on clinical signs and risk factors were obtained from a questionnaire. The prevalence of respiratory signs in general (RS) was significantly higher among Yorkshire terriers compared with control dogs (RS 56.3 per cent and 23.0 per cent), and likewise more frequent respiratory signs (FRS) (26.0 per cent and 5.0 per cent). Age, sex and breed were shown to be significant risk factors, and an interaction between age and sex was discovered. The study indicated a sex ratio reversal in the prevalence of RS - the probability of females having RS increased with advancing age, while the probability for males was fairly constant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 5 Hoejbakkegaard Allé, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Granström
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Houe
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Willesen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D015995:Prevalence; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology