title: Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases and peroxisome proliferator-activated             receptor γ in monosodium urate crystal-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule             1 expression in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts.
abstract: To investigate whether monosodium urate (MSU) crystals could induce the             production of VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) in human synovial cells             and its possible signaling pathways, human synovial cells isolated from synovial             tissue explants were stimulated with various doses of MSU crystals for different             time intervals. Expression of VCAM-1 was evaluated with Western blotting. To explore             the underlying mechanisms, VCAM-1 protein expression was also evaluated after             activation of several signaling molecules including mitogen-activated protein             kinases (MAPKs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) were             blocked. Exposure of synovial cells to MSU crystals induced VCAM-1 expression             in culture medium in a dose- and time-dependent manner, reaching a plateau at             1000 µM and 24 h. Inhibition of the activation of MAPKs and PPARγ could block             this increase. The present results demonstrated that MSU crystals could induce             VCAM-1 expression. MAPKs and PPARγ signaling pathways regulated the induced VCAM-1             expression.
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing                     400016, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Renchong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000276:immunology*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000166:cytology*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000276:immunology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D047495:PPAR gamma; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D014527:Uric Acid; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases