title: Development of tissue engineered vascular grafts and application of nanomedicine.
abstract: Vascular Tissue Engineering belongs to a rapidly expanding discipline. Tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVG) have a broad range of clinical application extending from use as small diameter vascular grafts in adult peripheral vasculature to serving as large vessel conduits in pediatric cardiovascular surgery. Several approaches have been utilized by different groups to design these grafts. Preliminary outcomes are exceedingly promising. These grafts have demonstrated the ability to transform into living blood vessels with growth potential and while the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, it has been shown that inflammatory pathways may play an important role. Small animal experiments, development of cell seeding techniques and the application of nanotechnology have all contributed vastly to our understanding of the mechanisms involved in TEVG remodeling. The application of nanomedicine in TEVG design continues to expand at a rapid rate and has provided some clues as to how vascular graft design can be pursued in the future. In this review we discuss the current state of the field of tissue engineered vascular grafts and how the principles of nanomedicine are being applied to aid in the design of second-generation grafts.
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Animesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rathore
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cleary
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rocco
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Breuer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds