title: Quality of cluster randomized controlled trials in oral health: a systematic review of reports published between 2005 and 2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the quality of methods and reporting of recently published cluster randomized trials (CRTs) in oral health.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched PubMed for CRTs that included at least one oral health-related outcome and were published from 2005 to 2009 inclusive. We developed a list of criteria for assessing trial quality and reporting. This was influenced largely by the extended CONSORT statement for CRTs but also included criteria suggested by other authors. We examined the extent to which trials were consistent with these criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three trials were included in the review. In 15 (65%) trials, clustering had been accounted for in sample size calculations, and in 18 (78%) authors had accounted for clustering in analysis. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were reported for eight (35%) trials; the outcome assessor was reported as having been blinded to allocation in 12 (52%) trials; 17 (74%) described eligibility criteria at individual level, but only nine (39%) described such criteria at cluster level. Sixteen of 20 trials (80%), in which individuals were recruited, reported that individual informed consent was obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the quality of recent CRTs in oral health is relatively high and appears to compare favourably with other fields. However, there remains room for improvement. Authors of future trials should endeavour to ensure sample size calculations and analyses properly account for clustering (and are reported as such), consider the potential for recruitment/identification bias at the design stage, describe the steps taken to avoid this in the final report and report observed ICCs and cluster-level eligibility criteria.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Whitechapel, London, UK. r.j.froud@qmul.ac.uk
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Froud
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eldridge
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Diaz Ordaz
authors.forename: Valeria Coelho Catao
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Marinho
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Donner
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D018865:Dental Research / Q000592:standards; D009909:Oral Health; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000592:standards; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards