title: [Effects of drinking spa therapy on oxidative stress].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Data of literature have shown the correlation between oxidative stress and some diseases of gastrointestinal and metabolic relevance such as diabetes mellitus, gastric cancer, gastritis, etc.. Studies have also shown that sulfurous mineral water may be useful in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of our research was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of sulphurous mineral water, administered by drinking method, in type 2 diabetes mellitus, a chronic disease with a high social and economic impact.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study has been performed on 57 subjects (25% women and 75% males; mean age: 60 ± 1.1 years; BMI: 27 ± 0.4) affected by type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The subjects were divided in four groups: A (subjected to glucose-lowering diet therapy), B (subjected to antihyperglycaemic therapy), C (exposed to glucose-lowering diet therapy + drinking SPA therapy) and D (exposed to antihyperglycaemic therapy + drinking SPA therapy). Drinking SPA treatment was effected with sulphurous mineral water from Terme of Telese SpA (Benevento - Italy) and the pharmacological treatment provided the use of hypoglycemic drugs normally used in diabetic disease. After two weeks of therapy with treatments considered were evaluated fasting blood glycaemia and plasma concentration of ROMs (reactive oxygen metabolites) (d-ROMs test-Diacron International srl®-Grosseto - Italy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of our study have shown a significant (p<0.05) reduction of the fasting blood glycaemia when to hypoglycemic drugs or diet therapy was associated the sulphurous drinking SPA therapy. It was also observed a reduction of plasma ROMs levels, significant (p <0.05) in group D versus group B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data from this preliminary investigation suggest that the drinking SPA therapy with sulphurous mineral water, especially in combination with antidiabetic drug treatment, may be useful in type 2 diabetes mellitus for the improvement redox state of the organism.
authors.affiliation: Associazione F.I.R.S.Thermae (Form.ne Interdisciplinare, Ricerche e Scienze Termali)-Divisione Idrologia Medica Terme di Telese, Benevento, Italia. mariacostantino@firsthermae.org
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costantino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giampaolo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filippelli
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D060766:Drinking Water; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008900:Mineral Waters / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D060985:Natural Springs; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood; D013431:Sulfates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D001786:Blood Glucose; D060766:Drinking Water; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008900:Mineral Waters; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013431:Sulfates; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium