title: Residues of currently and never used organochlorine pesticides in agricultural soils from Zhejiang Province, China.
abstract: Studies on residues of currently and never used organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) facilitate the assessment of the contamination level, distribution, sources, transportation, and trend of these selected OCPs in China. In this work we investigated the concentration levels of endosulfans and chlordane, which are currently used, and the never used aldrin and dieldrin in the province of Zhejiang, a rainy, and hilly tea-growing province in eastern China. The average/mean residue levels of OCPs was in the order ∑endosulfan > ∑chlordane > aldrin > dieldrin. The residue level was in good agreement with the usage of OCPs in Zhejiang. The spatial distribution showed that the residues of OCPs in soils from the mountain area were always higher than those in soils from the plains. The distribution characteristics were related to usage for current-use OCPs and temperature for never used OCPs. The isomeric ratios and enantiomeric fractions are useful tools to identify the degradation preference of contaminants. The wide range of ratios between trans-chlordane (TC) and cis-chlordane (CC) indicated that the degradation of the two isomers of chlordane was different at different sites. Nonracemic residues of TC and CC were observed in most soils; this is significant since the enantiomers have different toxicities.
authors.affiliation: International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
authors.forename: Anping
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Weiping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hejin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jantunen
authors.forename: Yi-Fan
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000452:Aldrin / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D002706:Chlordan / Q000032:analysis; D004026:Dieldrin / Q000032:analysis; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002706:Chlordan; D004026:Dieldrin; D004726:Endosulfan; D000452:Aldrin