title: Extratemporal facial paralysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This report summarizes our experience in the management of extratemporal facial paralysis with a variety of reconstructive techniques and explores those parameters which are considered to be useful in achieving better outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 56 patients with extratemporal facial paralysis were studied. All the patients had a mean follow-up of 5 years (standard deviation: 3.5). Video evaluation was performed by 3 independent assessors at the required follow-up intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final median score for the partial facial paralysis group was significantly higher (4.175) compared with the complete facial paralysis (3.3), P = 0.007. In this series, the only other factor that appeared to influence the final outcome was the denervation time and not the age group, type of facial nerve injury, or method of repair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The concept of dynamic panfacial reconstruction with an individual and tailored to patient's needs approach is demonstrated in all and particularly in bilateral cases.
authors.affiliation: International Institute of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Department of Plastic Surgery, NYU Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. mrc@jkterzis.com
authors.forename: Julia K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Terzis
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anesti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D055815:Young Adult