title: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cancer metabolism and response to therapy.
abstract: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows noninvasive in vivo measurements of biochemical information from living systems, ranging from cultured cells through experimental animals to humans. Studies of biopsies or extracts offer deeper insights by detecting more metabolites and resolving metabolites that cannot be distinguished in vivo. The pharmacokinetics of certain drugs, especially fluorinated drugs, can be directly measured in vivo. This review briefly describes these methods and their applications to cancer metabolism, including glycolysis, hypoxia, bioenergetics, tumor pH, and tumor responses to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK, Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK. Dominick.McIntyre@cancer.org.uk
authors.forename: Dominick J O
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.forename: Basetti
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Madhu
authors.forename: Shen-Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001834:Body Water; D016923:Cell Death; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006019:Glycolysis; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007554:Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011522:Protons; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007554:Isotopes; D011522:Protons