title: Cultivation of a thermo-tolerant microalga in an outdoor photobioreactor: influences of CO2 and nitrogen sources on the accelerated growth.
abstract: A photobioreactor was designed to evaluate the performance of a newly isolated thermo-tolerant microalga Desmodesmus sp. F2 in municipal wastewater under tropical outdoor conditions. The environmental parameters, levels of nutrients, and growth rates were monitored during the cultivations to elucidate the factors that contributed to accelerated growth after lag phase. Cultures bubbled with CO(2)-air had about 20% higher yields than the air-bubbled culture, and 2% of CO(2) at a flux rate of 5L/min was sufficient to reach this increased yield. In the cultures bubbled with CO(2)-air, the microalgal cells preferentially utilized ammonium and nitrate, while the air-bubbled culture made greater use of ammonium and organic nitrogen. In conclusion, the factors required for microalga Desmodesmus sp. F2 to achieve accelerated growth in tropical outdoor conditions include (1) 2% CO(2) bubbling; (2) a level of ammonium higher than 100 μM; and (3) a level of nitrate higher than 400 μM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chai-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jia-Jang
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Shao-Hung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ching-Nen Nathan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D011232:Chemical Precipitation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D008027:Light; D058086:Microalgae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000528:radiation effects; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates; D058433:Photobioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D013696:Temperature; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D052638:Particulate Matter; D010710:Phosphates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen