title: Both immediate and delayed intracavernous injection of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction enhances recovery of erectile function in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intracavernous injection of cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) effectively restores erectile function in cavernous nerve (CN)-injured rats when administered at the time of injury. However, culturing exposes ADSCs to the risk of contamination and dedifferentiation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Explore the effect of uncultured autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on improving erectile function in a rat model of CN injury when administered at the time of injury or 4 wk after injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. CN injury or sham surgery was performed at the start of the study, and rats were treated with either SVF or vehicle. Functional testing and histologic analysis were performed 12 wk after CN crush or sham surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used intracavernous injection of saline immediately after CN crush (n=23), intracavernous injection of SVF immediately after CN crush (n=17), intracavernous injection of SVF 4 wk after CN crush (n=23), or sham surgery (n=26).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied intracavernous pressure (ICP) response to CN electrostimulation and performed histologic examination of midpenile cross-sections. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both immediate and delayed treatment with SVF resulted in a significantly increased ICP-to-mean arterial pressure ratio compared with the vehicle-treated group. Both immediate and delayed treatment with SVF significantly increased expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and neurofilament in dorsal penile nerves compared to the vehicle group. Furthermore, the smooth muscle-to-collagen ratio within the corpus cavernosum was significantly improved in both of the SVF groups compared to vehicle-treated rats. The main limitation of the study is the lack of determination of the SVF components.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uncultured autologous SVF injected immediately or 4 wk after CN crush improved erectile function, promoted nerve regeneration, and prevented fibrosis of the corpus cavernosum following CN injury.
authors.affiliation: Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0738, USA.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Fandel
authors.forename: Ludovic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albersen
authors.forename: Hazem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Orabi
authors.forename: Haiyang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guiting
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ching-Shwun
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Tom F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lue
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D009409:Nerve Crush; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology; D010413:Penis / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000293:injuries* / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D060525:Pudendal Nerve / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I