title: Incidence of dog bite injuries in American Samoa and their impact on society.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In American Samoa, a US Territory in the South Pacific, over half of reported injuries are attributed to dog bites. Despite years of public outcry, little has been done to adequately address these preventable injuries that affect all age groups of both sexes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe a serious public health hazard in American Samoa that may plague other jurisdictions that tolerate a significant free-roaming dog population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A limited data set of outpatient records from 2004 through 2010 from the Territory's only emergency department listing an ICD-9-CM E-code of E906.0 ("dog bite") in the primary E-code field provided a record of dog bite injuries. A survey of 437 adolescents documented their experiences regarding unprovoked dog attacks during the 2010/2011 school year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sex/age group with the highest incidence for dog bite treatment was males 55 to 59 years of age (73.1 per 10,000 population per year) followed closely by males 10 to 14 years of age (71.8 per 10,000 population per year). Males aged 5 to 14 years accounted for 23% of all emergency department visits for dog bites. About one-third of adolescents reported having been bitten by a dog between September 2010 and May 2011. About 10% of males and 16% of females attributed the fear of being bitten as a factor preventing them from getting more physical activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children, adolescents, and the elderly are the most vulnerable to dog bite injuries. Emergency room records may reflect only about a quarter of all such injuries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unprovoked attacks by aggressive, free-roaming dogs degrade quality of life by placing an untenable burden on the health care system and imposing physical and psychological barriers toward a more healthful lifestyle that includes walking, jogging, and bicycling.
authors.affiliation: American Samoa Community College, Community and Natural Resources, Pago Pago, AS. donvargo@rocketmail.com
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vargo
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: DePasquale
authors.forename: Agnes M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vargo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018948:American Samoa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004285:Dogs; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology; D011788:Quality of Life; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult