title: Is the utilisation of dental care based on need or socioeconomic status? A study of dental care in Indonesia from 1999 to 2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One of the goals of Indonesian health policy is 'Health for All'; this includes dental health care. Therefore, it is important to continually evaluate and dynamically assess the effects of government policies, particularly whether these policies promote or obstruct social justice. This study is intended to describe the need for and utilisation of dental care and how disparities in dental care provision to people of varying socioeconomic status (SES) have changed over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used secondary cross-sectional data from the Indonesian Socioeconomic Surveys for 1999, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009. The concentration index was used to describe disparities in need for and utilisation of dental care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentration index showed a significant concentration of dental care utilisation among groups of higher SES.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of dental care services is more dependent on ability to pay than on need for care. In addition, inequality in dental care in Indonesia persisted from 1999 to 2009.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. diah.ayu64@ui.ac.id
authors.forename: Diah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Maharani
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rahardjo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003729:Dental Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012423:Rural Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D012935:Social Justice; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult