title: Transcriptional regulation of glucose sensors in pancreatic β-cells and liver: an update.
abstract: Pancreatic β-cells and the liver play a key role in glucose homeostasis. After a meal or in a state of hyperglycemia, glucose is transported into the β-cells or hepatocytes where it is metabolized. In the β-cells, glucose is metabolized to increase the ATP:ADP ratio, resulting in the secretion of insulin stored in the vesicle. In the hepatocytes, glucose is metabolized to CO(2), fatty acids or stored as glycogen. In these cells, solute carrier family 2 (SLC2A2) and glucokinase play a key role in sensing and uptaking glucose. Dysfunction of these proteins results in the hyperglycemia which is one of the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Thus, studies on the molecular mechanisms of their transcriptional regulations are important in understanding pathogenesis and combating T2DM. In this paper, we will review a recent update on the progress of gene regulation of glucose sensors in the liver and β-cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea. baejinsik@yuhs.ac
authors.forename: Jin-Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Tae-Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joo-Man
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yong-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D005941:Glucokinase; D005947:Glucose