title: Effects of occupational environmental controls and work management on chromosomal damage in dental technicians in Japan.
abstract: Dental technicians use various materials, particularly metal alloys and monomers and polymers based on methylmethacrylate. Environmental hygiene issues surrounding the work of dental technicians have been recognized. Despite the need for observance of occupational environmental controls and work management, compliance among dental laboratories appears to be low. We evaluated the relationship between genotoxic effects in dental technicians and occupational environmental controls and work management. We used cytokinesis-blocked micronuclei (CB-MN) frequencies in peripheral lymphocytes and metal levels in scalp hair. We also assessed nutritional factors related to anti-genotoxic effects using a self-administered brief diet history questionnaire. Study subjects were 54 male dental technicians and 38 male clerical workers. The parameters on the micronuclei (MN) frequency in dental technicians and clerical workers were analyzed by forward stepwise multiple regression analyses. Age (P < 0.01, β = 0.561), occupation as a dental technician (P < 0.01, β = 0.636) and aluminum levels in scalp hair (P < 0.05, β = 0.213) were risk factors that significantly increased MN frequency. The significant parameters on the MN frequency in dental technicians were observance of hand-washing as work management (P < 0.01, β = -0.304), work period (P < 0.01, β = 0.509), germanium levels in scalp hair (P < 0.01, β = -0.314) and workplace (P < 0.05, β = 0.235). To avoid genotoxic effects, observance of occupational environmental controls and work management is necessary for dental technicians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. shigeo_ishikawa2011@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimoyama
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satomi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Yoshioki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamamoto
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iino
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003800:Dental Technicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004032:Diet; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D008670:Metals