title: A real-time tool positioning sensor for machine-tools.
abstract: In machining, natural oscillations, and elastic, gravitational or temperature deformations, are still a problem to guarantee the quality of fabricated parts. In this paper we present an optical measurement system designed to track and localize in 3D a reference retro-reflector close to the machine-tool's drill. The complete system and its components are described in detail. Several tests, some static (including impacts and rotations) and others dynamic (by executing linear and circular trajectories), were performed on two different machine tools. It has been integrated, for the first time, a laser tracking system into the position control loop of a machine-tool. Results indicate that oscillations and deformations close to the tool can be estimated with micrometric resolution and a bandwidth from 0 to more than 100 Hz. Therefore this sensor opens the possibility for on-line compensation of oscillations and deformations.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Automática Industrial, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. Campo Real km 0.2, 28500 Arganda del Rey (Madrid), Spain; E-Mails:  jguevara@iai.csic.es  (J.G.R.);  fseco@iai.csic.es  (F.S.G.);  cprieto@iai.csic.es  (J.C.P.H.).
authors.forename: Antonio Ramon Jimenez
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Jorge Guevara
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Rosas
authors.forename: Fernando Seco
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Granja
authors.forename: Jose Carlos Prieto
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Honorato
authors.forename: Jose Juan Esteve
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Taboada
authors.forename: Vicente Mico
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.forename: Teresa Molina
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Jimenez