title: Clinical appraisal of endoscopy with narrow-band imaging system in the evaluation and management of homogeneous oral leukoplakia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical usefulness of endoscopy with a narrow-band imaging (NBI) system for the evaluation and management of homogeneous oral leukoplakia.
  
  
  METHODS
  The chart records, morphology of vascular architecture of NBI, and histopathology of patients with homogeneous leukoplakia were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 160 patients, with an average age of 50.96 ± 10.25 years, were enrolled. In 35 cases of thin leukoplakia, only intraepithelium papillary capillary loop (IPCL) type I was shown by NBI, and only squamous hyperplasia was revealed pathologically. In 125 cases of thick leukoplakia, IPCL type I was found in 94, IPCL type II in 29, and IPCL type III in 2. The Kendall rank correlation between pathology and NBI images was significant (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dichotomous classification of homogeneous leukoplakia by NBI is meaningful, and endoscopy with the NBI system is a promising tool for the evaluation and management of homogeneous oral leukoplakia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC. sweeyang@gmail.com
authors.forename: Shih-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yun-Shien
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Liang-Che
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hui-Ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Tai-An
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D060787:Neoplasm Grading / Q000379:methods; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies