title: Screening for epigenetically masked genes in colorectal cancer Using 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine, microarray and gene expression profile.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Unearthing of silenced genes in colorectal cancer (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Oligonucleotide microarray was used in order to find changes in gene expression in five CRC cell lines before and after 5-aza-2'-Deoxycitidine treatment. Up-regulated genes were integrated with expression profile of matched colorectal tissue samples. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to further analyze candidates using 15 CRC cell lines and 23 paired samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After applying study selection criteria for 68 genes obtained from integrated arrays, we identified 16 genes; apoptosis-stimulating of p53 protein 1(ASPP1) and Scavenger receptor class A, member 5 (SCARA5) were selected for further analysis. Methylation was only identified for SCARA5 in 20% of the cell lines and in 17% of tumor the samples. Down expression of SCARA5 was observed in CRC cell lines and in tumor samples compared to normal (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genome-wide screening identifies genes potentially affected by methylation in CRC. SCARA5 may have a role in tumorigenesis in CRC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Oncology Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khamas
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mogushi
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizushima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uetake
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugihara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000077209:Decitabine; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D057890:Epigenomics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D019942:Genes, p16; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A / Q000235:genetics; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C569833:SCARA5 protein, human; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D000077209:Decitabine; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; D001374:Azacitidine