title: Association of cyclin D1 genotypes with nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The cell cycle regulator cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a critical regulator of the G1/S phase transition and plays an important part in several tumor types. This study aimed at investigating the association of CCND1 with and examining the interaction among CCND1 genotype and individual smoking habit in nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 352 native Taiwanese consisting of 176 cases and 176 controls were enrolled in this hospital-based study, and CCND1 A870G (rs9344) and C1722G (rs678653) genotyping were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and partially verified by direct sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that there were significant differences between nasopharyngeal carcinoma and control groups in the distribution of the genotypic (p=0.0222) and allelic (p=0.0322) frequencies in the CCND1 A870G genotype. Individuals who carried at least one G allele (GG or AG) had a 0.71-fold lower risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma compared to those who had the AA genotype (95% confidence interval=0.53-0.96). In addition, there is an obvious joint effect of CCND1 A870G genotype with smoking habit on nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support the conclusion that the cell cycle regulation may play a role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma development and that CCND1 A870G polymorphism maybe a useful biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Liang-Chun
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Chia-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Ming-Hsui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Yung-An
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Tsou
authors.forename: Wen-Shin
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Fang-Jing
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Meng-Hsuan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Da-Tian
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Bau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: C530104:CCND1 protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; D019938:Cyclin D1