title: Surgical management of pulmonary artery sling: trachea diameter and outcomes with or without tracheoplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pulmonary artery sling is frequently associated with tracheal and/or bronchial stenosis. A number of patients receive only re-implantation or relocation of the left pulmonary artery (LPA) while other patients may require tracheoplasty for stenosis of the airway. This study used computer tomography (CT) scans for the evaluation of airways and to evaluate the trachea diameter and the clinical outcomes with or without tracheoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 patients with PA sling who received CT scans were included in this study. We reviewed the clinical outcomes and the severity of trachea stenosis, and evaluated various surgical strategies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 15 patients, one received only conservative treatment, 14 (93%) patients received LPA re-implantation, and eight (53%) received tracheoplasty. For the eight patients that received LPA reimplantation and tracheoplasty, five received slide tracheoplasty and all survived, two patients had pericardial patch augmentation and both died, and one patient received a resection and end-to-end anastomosis and survived. The diameter of the trachea in survivors without tracheoplasty was significantly larger than those who died or received tracheoplasty (3.2 ± 0.3 mm vs. 2.2 ± 0.4 mm, P = 0.003). Establishing 3.0 mm as the threshold, the positive predictive value for tracheoplasty or mortality was 89% and the negative predictive value was 83%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study cohort, approximately 60% of the patients with PA sling received tracheoplasty. A diameter of the trachea <3 mm is associated with the use of tracheoplasty or poor outcomes. Slide tracheoplasty provided acceptable good results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shu-Chien
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: En-Ting
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ching-Chia
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shyh-Jye
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yih-Sharng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chung-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ing-Sh
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Shoei-Shen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012092:Replantation / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014132:Trachea / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods