title: Targeting endothelin receptors for pharmacotherapy of ischemic stroke: current scenario and future perspectives.
abstract: Increased expression of endothelin (ET) peptide and its receptors following ischemic stroke is found to regulate many critical aspects of stroke pathophysiology. Many attempts have been made to target ET receptors in various animal models of stroke, but it is very difficult to draw a definite line of conclusion, because these studies differ in many aspects, such as animal model, treatment schedule, parameters and techniques used for assessing these parameters. A meta-analysis of all studies showed a significant reduction in the lesion volume and improvement in functional outcome in focal cerebral ischemia. ET(A) receptor antagonists appear to offer an essential advantage of multiple neuroprotective mechanisms, including prevention of blood-brain barrier disruption and leukocyte infiltration.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Sector 67, Punjab 160062, India. ravinderkaundal@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ravinder K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kaundal
authors.forename: Tushar A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gulati
authors.forename: Shyam S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017466:Receptors, Endothelin