title: Heating of BDE-209 and BDE-47 in plant oil in presence of o,p'-DDT or iron(III) chloride can produce monochloro-polybromo diphenyl ethers.
abstract: Heating processes of food can alter the concentrations and composition of organohalogen compounds. In this study the fate of two polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) was analyzed when heated in plant oil with and without additional compounds. When the PBDEs were heated in pure plant oil, no transformation was observed. Heating of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) together with ortho,para'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (o,p'-DDT) or iron(III) chloride in plant oil resulted in the formation of monochloro-nonabromodiphenyl ethers (Br(9)Cl-DEs). Almost 10% of the initial amount of BDE-209 was transferred into Br(9)Cl-DEs. Heating BDE-47 in the presence of iron(III) chloride produced two monochlorinated transformation products which were tentatively identified as 2,2',4-tribromo-4'-chlorodiphenyl ether (4'-Cl-BDE-17) and 2,4,4'-tribromo-2'-chlorodiphenyl ether (2'-Cl-BDE-28). However, the reactivity was smaller and no Br→Cl exchange was observed with o,p'-DDT. The conditions used in our experiments (200 °C; heating 30 min-3 h) indicate that such reactivity may also occur during cooking of fish, meat and other food samples.
authors.affiliation: University of Hohenheim, Institute of Food Chemistry, Garbenstrasse 28, D 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bendig
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blumenstein
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vetter
mesh_terms: D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D003634:DDT / Q000737:chemistry*; D004987:Ethers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D011786:Quality Control
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004987:Ethers; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D010938:Plant Oils; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; D003634:DDT; C010902:decabromobiphenyl ether; C024555:ferric chloride