title: Lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in mouse transformed Clara cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Exacerbation of innate immune responses can contribute to development of acute lung injury. Multiple cell populations, including the bronchiolar epithelium, coordinate these inflammatory responses. Clara cells, non-ciliated epithelial cells, are located in the distal airways in humans and conducting airways in mice. These cells actively participate in innate immune responses but their precise contributions remain poorly defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  To test the hypothesis that E. coli lipopolysaccaride (LPS) treatment stimulates production of pro-inflammatory mediators in mouse transformed Clara cells (MTCC), MTCC were treated with E. coli lipopolysaccaride (LPS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPS increased COX-2 expression and stimulated production of prostaglandins, including prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). Enhanced mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) activation, and chemokine production were observed in MTCC in response to LPS treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the role for Clara cells in the regulation of host defense and the progression of acute lung injury needs further characterization, our data suggests the importance of this unique cell population in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced acute lung injury.
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: Rodney D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Britt
authors.forename: Morgan L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Locy
authors.forename: Trent E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Tipple
authors.forename: Leif D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Nelin
authors.forename: Lynette K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011453:Prostaglandins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases