title: Atomised intranasal midazolam spray as premedication in pediatric patients: comparison between two doses of 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Midazolam premedication administered by the intranasal route is noninvasive with good bioavailability. Atomised intranasal midazolam spray ensures accurate drug dosage and better patient acceptability, with rapid onset of action and virtually complete absorption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty pediatric patients scheduled for elective surgeries were administered atomised intranasal midazolam. Two doses of midazolam, of 0.2 and 0.3 mg/kg, were compared. Children were observed for achieving satisfactory sedation and separation scores, and face mask acceptance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 10 and 20 min of nasal administration, 70 and 76% of the children, respectively, in the 0.3 mg/kg dose group, while 40 and 63% of the children, respectively, in the 0.2 mg/kg group were adequately sedated. Similarly, at 10 and 20 min after administration, 66.6 and 73.3% of children, respectively, in the 0.3 mg/kg group, and 30 and 60% in the 0.2 mg/kg group were easily separated from their parents. With regard to face mask acceptance, 33.3% of patients in the 0.3 mg/kg group and 16.6% in the 0.2 mg/kg group accepted the mask easily.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atomised midazolam at 0.3 mg/kg is safe, and achieves faster sedation and better separation scores as compared to 0.2 mg/kg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, G. S. Medical College and K E M Hospital, Mumbai, India. drnamita_baldwa@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Namita M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Baldwa
authors.forename: Amit V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Padvi
authors.forename: Nandini M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Dave
authors.forename: Madhu B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Garasia
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam