title: Relationship of off-ice and on-ice performance measures in high school male hockey players.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of off-ice performance measures with on-ice turning, crossover, and forward skating performance in high school male hockey players. Thirty-eight players aged 15-18 (mean age ± SD: 16.4 ± 1.1 years; height: 177.9 ± 6.8 cm; weight: 72.5 ± 8.9 kg) participated in this study. On-ice tests included a forward sprint, short radius turns, and crossover turns. Off-ice tests included a 40-yd sprint, vertical jumps, horizontal jumps, and a dynamic balance test using a Y balance testing device. Five off-ice variables correlated with all on-ice performance measures. These variables included the 40-yd sprint, lateral bound right to left limb, double limb horizontal hop, balance on right in posterolateral direction, and composite balance performance on the right. Hierachical regression demonstrated that off-ice sprint time was most predictive of on-ice skating performance, accounting for 65.4% of the variability in forward skate time, 45.0% of the variability in left short radius time, 21.8% of the variance in right short radius time, 36.2% of the variance in left crossover time, and 30.8% of the variability in right crossover time. When using off-ice tests to evaluate hockey players, the 40-yd sprint is the best predictor of skating performance. Based on our regression equation, for every 1-second difference in the 40-yd sprint time, there will be approximately a 0.6-second difference in the 34.5-m on-ice sprint. The 40-yd sprint predicts forward skating performance and to a lesser degree; it also predicts crossover and tuning performance.
authors.affiliation: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. krause.david@mayo.edu
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Aynsley M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Laura C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Corrine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Klebe
authors.forename: Jennifer B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kimberly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lundquist
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Eischen
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hollman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006688:Hockey / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D004856:Postural Balance; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D012861:Skating / Q000502:physiology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis