title: Hepatitis B virus status and risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a case-control study from China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was to assess the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk using a hospital-based case-control design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with pathologically confirmed PDAC (943) and 1128 matched controls were recruited from 2 hospitals. We evaluated the associations between risk of PDAC and age, sex, history of diabetes mellitus (DM), etc. In addition, we examined the interactive effects of HBV status and known risk factors for pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chronic hepatitis B and inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier state (HBsAg positive) had a significantly increased risk of pancreatic cancer, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.60 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-2.24). Furthermore, significant interactions were detected between a history of DM and chronic hepatitis B and inactive HBsAg positive, but not with antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive/antibodies to HBsAg (anti-HBs) negative, with an adjusted odds ratio of 5.42 (95% CI, 2.76-10.64), compared with those who were HBsAg negative/anti-HBc negative without a history of DM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that HBsAg-positive or anti-HBc-positive/anti-HBs-negative patients have an increased risk for PDAC independent of other risk factors. Significant interactions were found between a history of DM and chronic HBV infection for PDAC risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qiwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ben
authors.forename: Zhaoshen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chunxing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Quancai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Yaozong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Kaixuan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lining
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Huagao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens