title: Recent advances in multimodal analgesia.
abstract: Greater understanding of the pathophysiology and mechanism of acute pain has led to advances in pharmacologic therapy. Understanding the principles of multimodal therapy along with surgical-specific protocols leads to improved outcome in patients. However, further large-scale randomized trials need to be performed to further establish and demonstrate the long-term benefit of multimodal therapy for patients undergoing surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Asokumar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buvanendran
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000077432:Tapentadol
chemical_list: D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010636:Phenols; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000077432:Tapentadol; D002211:Capsaicin