title: An update in options for the treatment of pain: a review of new opioid formulations.
abstract: In the past 2 decades, there has been a significant increase in the use of opioids for the management of chronic nonmalignant pain. This increase in usage has led to concerns of misuse and abuse of opioids. Also, many of the available opioid options were previously only available as oral tablets or capsules, further limiting treatment options for health care providers. Several new opioid formulations have been developed to address and prevent the misuse and abuse of opioids via tampering in the United States. In addition, alternative delivery systems have been developed to provide physicians with more options to provide adequate pain management for those with chronic pain. This article reviews new opioid options for the treatment of pain management and requirements of the Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies program.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor of Pharmacy Practice, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Worcester, MA 01608, USA. sheila.seed@mcphs.edu
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Seed
authors.forename: Kaelen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Dunican
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Alicia R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Desilets
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004345:Drug Industry; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid