title: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 gene polymorphisms as predictors for tumor recurrence and overall survival in non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  VEGFR-2 gene displays several functional germline polymorphisms with impact on VEGFR-2 mediated angiogenesis. Our purpose was to evaluate VEGFR-2 polymorphisms as prognostic markers for tumor recurrence and overall survival (OS) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 209 Caucasian patients who had been surgically treated for NSCLC between 1996 and 2010 were included in this study. Genotyping of peripheral blood cells was performed by TaqMan® genotyping assays or polymerase chain reaction for five VEGFR-2 polymorphisms. Chi- square test, Kaplan-Meier estimator, and Cox regression hazard model were used to assess the prognostic value of VEGFR-2 polymorphisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGFR-2+4422 (AC)10-14 polymorphism was identified as a positive prognostic marker for time to metastasis (11/12 vs. 11/11 (AC) repeats: hazard ratio (HR), 0.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.11-0.75; p=0.012) and OS (11/12 vs. 11/11 (AC) repeats: HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.21-0.82; p=0.012) in squamous cell carcinoma. For adenocarcinoma, VEGFR-2-906 C>T (C/T vs. CC: HR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.43-0.82; p=0.027) and VEGFR-2-271 G>A (G/A vs. G/G: HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.07-0.86; p=0.027) predicted longer time to local recurrence and VEGFR-2-906 C>T was a predictor for better OS (T/T vs. C/C: HR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.09-0.84; p=0.024).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGFR2 germline polymorphisms predict tumor recurrence and OS in NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre of Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Faik G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Uzunoglu
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: Harriet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wikman
authors.forename: Cenap
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Güngör
authors.forename: Benjamin A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Bohn
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Nentwich
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reeh
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pantel
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bockhorn
authors.forename: Asad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kutup
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Jakob R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Izbicki
authors.forename: Yogesh K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Vashist
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000556:secondary; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2