title: Nutritional status of zinc and activity superoxide dismutase in chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic kidney disease promotes changes in the zinc nutritional status and in the antioxidant defense system. This study assessed the relationship between the parameters of the zinc nutritional status and the activity of superoxide dismutase in patients with chronic renal failure who are receiving hemodialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  134 individuals, aged between 18 and 85 years, were divided into two groups: case group (hemodialyzed patients, n = 63) and control group (n = 71). Zinc concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes were determined using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. The activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme was determined according to Ransod kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values of plasma zinc were 62.02 ± 13.59 μg/dL and 65.58 ± 8.88 μg/dL, and for erythrocytary zinc the values were 54.52 ± 22.82 μgZn/gHb and 48.01 ± 15.08 μgZn/gHb for the chronic renal patients and the control group, respectively. The activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly lower in patients when compared with the control group (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The activity of superoxide dismutase in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis, which is influenced by zinc concentracions, was significantly lower. There was an inadequate response of this enzyme to oxidative stress in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias de Salud, Universidad Federal del Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Noleto Magalhães
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guedes Borges de Araujo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Batista de Sousa Lima
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machado Moita Neto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: do Nascimento Nogueira
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: do Nascimento Marreiro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D015032:Zinc