title: Graphene-based chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer for homogeneous immunoassay.
abstract: We report on chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET) between graphene nanosheets and chemiluminescent donors. In contrast to fluorescence resonance energy transfer, CRET occurs via nonradiative dipole-dipole transfer of energy from a chemiluminescent donor to a suitable acceptor molecule without an external excitation source. We designed a graphene-based CRET platform for homogeneous immunoassay of C-reactive protein (CRP), a key marker for human inflammation and cardiovascular diseases, using a luminol/hydrogen peroxide chemiluminescence (CL) reaction catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase. According to our results, anti-CRP antibody conjugated to graphene nanosheets enabled the capture of CRP at the concentration above 1.6 ng mL(-1). In the CRET platform, graphene played a key role as an energy acceptor, which was more efficient than graphene oxide, while luminol served as a donor to graphene, triggering the CRET phenomenon between luminol and graphene. The graphene-based CRET platform was successfully applied to the detection of CRP in human serum samples in the range observed during acute inflammatory stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering,  Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology  (KAIST), 335 Science Road, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyou-Arm
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.forename: Min-Gon
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chan Beum
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D004735:Energy Transfer; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation
chemical_list: D006108:Graphite; D002097:C-Reactive Protein