title: Expression patterns of human DAB2IP protein in fetal tissues.
abstract: Human DOC-2/DAB2-interacting protein (DAB2IP) is encoded by a tumor suppressor gene and a newly recognized member of the Ras-GTPase-activating family. DAB2IP is a critical component of many signal transduction pathways mediated by Ras and tumor necrosis factors including apoptosis pathways, and it is involved in the formation of many types of tumors. DAB2IP participates in regulation of gene expression and pluripotency of cells. It has been reported that DAB2IP was expressed in different tumor tissues. Little information is available concerning the expression levels of DAB2IP in normal tissues and cells, however, and no studies of its expression patterns during the development of human embryos have been reported. We examined the expression of DAB2IP during human embryonic development to understand better DAB2IP functions. Human fetuses, weeks 9 to 38, and a newborn were obtained from miscarriages or stillbirths. Tissues were embedded in paraffin to construct arrays that were stained immunohistochemically. The DAB2IP-positive cells were identified and scored based on both the percentage of stained cells and their staining intensities. DAB2IP was expressed in most fetal tissues examined. DAB2IP was expressed primarily in cell cytoplasm throughout the fetal development. The expression levels varied among tissues and different gestational ages. Virtually no expression was observed in the cerebrum, parotid gland, thymus, thyroid gland and spleen. Expression was much greater in the adrenal gland and pancreas; weakly to moderately strong in the endocardium, stomach, kidney, testis and small intestine; and lower in liver, trachea, skin, ovary and endometrium. Its expression in the lung, esophagus and bladder were much weaker to absent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou ,  Guangdong Province ,  P.R. China 515041.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C462952:DAB2IP protein, human; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins