title: Feedback analysis in percutaneous bone-conduction device and bone-conduction implant on a dry cranium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The bone-conduction implant (BCI) can use a higher gain setting without having feedback problems compared with a percutaneous bone-conduction device (PBCD).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The conventional PBCD, today, is a common treatment for patients with conductive hearing loss and single-sided deafness. However, there are minor drawbacks reported related to the percutaneous implant and specifically poor high-frequency gain. The BCI system is designed as an alternative to the percutaneous system because it leaves the skin intact and is less prone to fall into feedback oscillations, thus allowing more high-frequency gain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Loop gains of the Baha Classic 300 and the BCI were measured in the frequency range of 100 to 10,000 Hz attached to a Skull simulator and a dry cranium. The Baha and the BCI positions were investigated. The devices were adjusted to full-on gain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that the gain headroom using the BCI was generally 0 to 10 dB better at higher frequencies than using the Baha for a given mechanical output. More specifically, if the mechanical output of the devices were normalized at the cochlear level the improvement in gain headroom with the BCI versus the Baha were in the range of 10 to 30 dB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a BCI, significantly higher gain setting can be used without feedback problems as compared with using a PBCD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Signal Processing and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden. taghavi@chalmers.se
authors.forename: Hamidreza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taghavi
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Håkansson
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reinfeldt
authors.forename: Måns
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eeg-Olofsson
authors.forename: Shirin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akhshijan
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001844:Bone Conduction / Q000502:physiology*; D002102:Cadaver; D004423:Ear / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D006310:Hearing Aids; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013016:Sound