title: Growth hormone (GH) and brain trauma.
abstract: Growth hormone (GH) is a pleiotropic hormone with known neurotrophic effects. We aimed to study whether GH administration might be useful together with rehabilitation in the recovery of TBI patients. 13 TBI patients (8 M, 5 F; age: 6-53 years old) were studied. Time after TBI: 2.5 months to 11 years; 5 patients showed acquired GH-deficiency (GHD). Disabilities observed: cognitive disorders; motor plegias; neurogenic dysphagia (n=5), vegetative coma (n=2) and amaurosis (n=1). All but one TBI patient followed intense rehabilitation for years. Treatment consisted of GH administration (maximal dose 1 mg/day, 5 days/week, resting 15-days every 2-months, until a maximum of 8 months) and clinical rehabilitation according to the individual needs (3-4 h/day, 5 days/week, during 6-12 months). Informed consent was obtained before commencing GH administration. GH significantly increased plasma IGF-1 values (ng.mL(-1)) in both GHD and no GHD patients, being then similar between both groups (GHD: 275.6±35.6 [p<0.01 vs. baseline], no GHD: 270.2±64 [p<0.05 vs. baseline]). In all the cases clear significant improvements were observed during and at the end of the combined treatment. Cognitive improvements appeared earlier and were more important than motor improvements. Swallowing improved significantly in all TBI patients with neurogenic dysphagia (2 of them in a vegetative state). Visual performance was ameliorated in the patient with amaurosis. No undesirable side-effects were observed. Our data indicate that GH can be combined with rehabilitation for improving disabilities in TBI patients, regardless of whether or not they are GHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. jesus.devesa@usc.es
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Devesa
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reimunde
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Devesa
authors.forename: Matías
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barberá
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Arce
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone