title: Occurrence of bovine giardiasis and endemic genetic characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates in Heilongjiang Province, in the Northeast of China.
abstract: To determine the prevalence of bovine giardiasis in Heilongjiang Province in China and to molecularly characterize Giardia duodenalis, feces were collected from 814 dairy and beef cattle ranging in age from 6 days to 9 years. Clinical symptoms of diarrhea were recorded at the time of sampling. The G. duodenalis infection rate in cattle was 5.2 % (42/814) as determined by Lugol's iodine staining. G. duodenalis assemblages and subtypes were genetically diagnosed by sequence analysis of the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) gene. Three assemblages were identified, representing A (n = 1), B (n = 18), and E (n = 24), with a mixed infection case of assemblages A and E. High heterogeneity was also observed within assemblages B and E at the TPI locus. Among the assemblages, eight subtypes of assemblage B and three subtypes of assemblage E were found to be novel subtypes. Findings on assemblages A and B are of public health importance. The zoonotic potential of bovine giardiasis needs to be further assessed by extensive genetic data of assemblages A and B from humans at the subtype level. The newly found subtypes of assemblages B and E imply that the evaluation of geographically distributed subtypes is of importance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China.
authors.forename: Aiqin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Longxian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rongjun
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xingchao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yujuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Weizhe
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ling
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D019353:Endemic Diseases / Q000662:veterinary; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005838:Genotype; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000235:genetics*; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D015047:Zoonoses
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan