title: Antibacterial and antimycobacterial lignans and flavonoids from Larrea tridentata.
abstract: Three lignans and four flavonoids were isolated and characterized from Larrea tridentata and compounds were tested against 16 bacterial species/strains. Results showed that: dihydroguaiaretic acid (1) had activity towards methicillin resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 50 µg/mL) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC 12.5-50 µg/mL); 4-epi-larreatricin (2) was active against Enterobacter cloacae (MIC 12.5 µg/mL), as well as sensitive (MIC 50 µg/mL) and MDR strains of M. tuberculosis (MIC 25 µg/mL). 3'-Demethoxy-6-O-demethylisoguaiacin (3) displayed activity against sensitive and resistant S. aureus (MIC 25 µg/mL), Enterococcus faecalis (MIC 12.5 µg/mL), Escherichia coli (MIC 50 µg/mL), E. cloacae (MIC 12.5 µg/mL) and MDR strains of M. tuberculosis (MIC 12.5 µg/mL). 5,4'-Dihydroxy-3,7,8,3'-tetramethoxyflavone (4) and 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (5) were active against M. tuberculosis MDR strains having MIC values of 25 and 25-50 µg/mL, respectively, while 5,4'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (6) was active against S. aureus (MIC 50 µg/mL) and E. faecalis (MIC 50 µg/mL). We concluded that lignan 3 is the main compound responsible for the antibacterial activity of L. tridentata. Lignans 1 and 2 as well as flavonoid 6 contribute with some degree of antibacterial activity. On the other hand, compounds 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 contributed to the antimycobacterial activity found in L. tridentata.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León CP 66451, Mexico.
authors.forename: J M J
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Favela-Hernández
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garza-González
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Rivas-Galindo
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Camacho-Corona
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032442:Larrea / Q000737:chemistry*; D017705:Lignans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D017705:Lignans; D010936:Plant Extracts