title: Optimization of matrix tablets controlled drug release using Elman dynamic neural networks and decision trees.
abstract: The main objective of the study was to develop artificial intelligence methods for optimization of drug release from matrix tablets regardless of the matrix type. Static and dynamic artificial neural networks of the same topology were developed to model dissolution profiles of different matrix tablets types (hydrophilic/lipid) using formulation composition, compression force used for tableting and tablets porosity and tensile strength as input data. Potential application of decision trees in discovering knowledge from experimental data was also investigated. Polyethylene oxide polymer and glyceryl palmitostearate were used as matrix forming materials for hydrophilic and lipid matrix tablets, respectively whereas selected model drugs were diclofenac sodium and caffeine. Matrix tablets were prepared by direct compression method and tested for in vitro dissolution profiles. Optimization of static and dynamic neural networks used for modeling of drug release was performed using Monte Carlo simulations or genetic algorithms optimizer. Decision trees were constructed following discretization of data. Calculated difference (f(1)) and similarity (f(2)) factors for predicted and experimentally obtained dissolution profiles of test matrix tablets formulations indicate that Elman dynamic neural networks as well as decision trees are capable of accurate predictions of both hydrophilic and lipid matrix tablets dissolution profiles. Elman neural networks were compared to most frequently used static network, Multi-layered perceptron, and superiority of Elman networks have been demonstrated. Developed methods allow simple, yet very precise way of drug release predictions for both hydrophilic and lipid matrix tablets having controlled drug release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia. jpetrovic@pharmacy.bg.ac.rs
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petrović
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibrić
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Betz
authors.forename: Zorica
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Đurić
mesh_terms: D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D002110:Caffeine / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D003663:Decision Trees; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000737:chemistry; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets / Q000737:chemistry*; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004075:Diglycerides; D013607:Tablets; D004008:Diclofenac; D002110:Caffeine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C009032:precirol