title: Thyroid cancer in Ukraine after the Chernobyl accident (in the framework of the Ukraine-US Thyroid Project).
abstract: As a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, millions of residents of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine were exposed to large doses of radioactive iodine isotopes, mainly I-131. The purpose of the Ukraine-American (UkrAm) and Belarus-American (BelAm) projects are to quantify the risks of thyroid cancer in the framework of a classical cohort study, comprising subjects who were aged under 18 years at the time of the accident, had direct measurements of thyroid I-131 radioactivity taken within two months after the accident, and were residents of three heavily contaminated northern regions of Ukraine (Zhitomir, Kiev, and Chernigov regions). Four two-year screening examination cycles were implemented from 1998 until 2007 to study the risks associated with thyroid cancer due to the iodine exposure caused during the Chernobyl accident. A standardised procedure of clinical examinations included: thyroid palpation, ultrasound examination, blood collection followed by a determination of thyroid hormone levels, urinary iodine content test, and fine-needle aspiration if required. Among the 110 cases of thyroid cancer diagnosed in UkrAm as the result of four screening examinations, 104 cases (94.5%) of papillary carcinomas, five cases (4.6%) of follicular carcinomas, and one case (0.9%) of medullary carcinoma were diagnosed.
authors.affiliation: State Institution 'V P Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism', National Academy Medical Sciences Ukraine, Vyshgorodska 69, Kiev 04114, Ukraine. m.tronko@dccie.kiev.ua
authors.forename: Mykola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tronko
authors.forename: Kiyohiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mabuchi
authors.forename: Tetiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bogdanova
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatch
authors.forename: Ilya
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Likhtarev
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouville
authors.forename: Valeriy
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Oliynik
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shpak
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zablotska
authors.forename: Valeriy
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tereshchenko
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Galyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zamotayeva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D047852:Chernobyl Nuclear Accident; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055848:Nuclear Power Plants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011847:Radioactive Fallout / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002094:Republic of Belarus / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014455:Ukraine / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011847:Radioactive Fallout