title: Pelvic organ prolapse contributes to sexual dysfunction: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) on female sexual dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gynecological outpatient and urogynecological university clinics in Greece.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and one women with POP seen in the urogynecology clinic (study group) and 70 women without POP seen in the gynecology outpatient department (control group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with and without POP completed a condition-specific sexual dysfunction questionnaire (DYSQ) comprising four domains: sexual behavior; physical problems other than urinary incontinence; urinary incontinence problems; and satisfaction. Pelvic organ prolapse was assessed by the International Continence Society Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification System grading system. The primary outcome of the study was the assessment of sexual function by DYSQ in women with and without POP.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared sexual function in women with and without POP and evaluated the extent of the effect of various grades of POP on sexual function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and seventy-one women were recruited, 101 in the POP group and 70 in the control group. The total and factor-specific DYSQ scores in the POP group were worse than those in the control group (p < 0.001) but did not seem to worsen with an increasing grade of prolapse. Linear regression showed that the best model to describe the DYSQ score includes the presence of POP and years of menopause. These variables explain 15.6% of the total variability in DYSQ scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of prolapse only partly explains impaired sexual functioning in women with POP. Sexual dysfunction is related to the presence of POP and not the grade of POP.
authors.affiliation: Urogynecology Unit, First Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, 80 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, Athens, Greece. stavros.athanasiou@gmail.com
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Athanasiou
authors.forename: Themos
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grigoriadis
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chalabalaki
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Protopapas
authors.forename: Aris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antsaklis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003075:Coitus / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000150:complications*; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000209:etiology*; D020018:Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology