title: The sexual abuse of female children in Hungary: 20 years' experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of female children who experience sexual abuse and explore common features that may assist in developing prevention strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1990 and 2010, 266 girls under the age of 18 years, suspected of being sexually abused, visited the Department of Adolescent Gynecology. We retrospectively collected data illustrating the features of all cases. Seventy-eight percent of the victims were primary school students, and 45% of them were between 11 and 14 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The perpetrator knew the victim in 67% of the cases and was a stranger in 33%. Seventy-five (28%) perpetrators were members of the victims' families. In 14% of cases, the perpetrator was the victim's father and in 9% her stepfather. The abuse had occurred on multiple occasions in 29% of the cases. The occurrence rate of abuse was highest in the summer season (54%). As much as 63% of children experienced vaginal penetration, while 37% experienced a variety of sexual contact that did not involve penetration. Eighty-five victims were physically injured, and in 40 cases the presence of sperm was confirmed in vulvo-vaginal smears. A high proportion of female child sexual abuse takes place within the family and is revealed only after multiple episodes. The true prevalence of sexual abuse is being appreciated now that Hungarian law and society have recognized this societal problem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevention requires a systematic and lifelong approach to educating children about personal space and privacy and is the responsibility of parents and professionals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Csorba
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tsikouras
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lampé
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Póka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003075:Coitus; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D013094:Spermatozoa; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology