title: Hyperthyroidism differentially regulates neuropeptide S system in the rat brain.
abstract: Thyroid hormones play an important role in the regulation of energy balance, sleep and emotional behaviors. Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a recently discovered neuropeptide, regulating feeding, sleep and anxiety. Here, we examined the effect of hyperthyroidism on the gene and protein expression of neuropeptide S and its receptor (NPS-R) in the hypothalamus, brainstem and amygdala of rats. Our results showed that the expression of NPS and NPS-R was differentially modulated by hyperthyroidism in the rat brain. NPS and NPS-R mRNA and protein levels were decreased in the hypothalamus of hyperthyroid rats. Conversely NPS-R expression was highly increased in the brainstem and NPS and NPS-R expression were unchanged in the amygdala of these rats. These data suggest that changes in anxiety and food intake patterns observed in hyperthyroidism could be associated with changes in the expression of NPS and NPS-R. Thus, the NPS/NPS-R system may be involved in several hyperthyroidism-associated comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña), Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Pablo B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Martínez de Morentin
authors.forename: Noelia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martínez-Sánchez
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gómez-Díaz
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lage
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Varela
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diéguez
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nogueiras
authors.forename: Justo P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Castaño
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012890:Sleep / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D009479:Neuropeptides; C534458:neuropeptide S, rat