title: Diet-induced weight loss in overweight or obese women and changes in high-density lipoprotein levels and function.
abstract: Diet-induced weight loss in women may be associated with decreases not only in plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), but also in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Whether a decrease in HDL-C is associated with altered HDL function is unknown. One hundred overweight or obese women (age 46 ± 11 years, 60 black; 12 diabetic) were enrolled in the 6-month program of reduced fat and total energy diet and low-intensity exercise. Serum cholesterol efflux capacity was measured in (3)H-cholesterol-labeled BHK cells expressing ABCA1, ABCG1, or SR-B1 transporters and incubated with 1% apolipoprotein B (apoB)-depleted serum. Antioxidant properties of HDL were estimated by paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation was measured by conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline in endothelial cells incubated with HDL from 49 subjects. Participants achieved an average weight loss of 2.2 ± 3.9 kg (P < 0.001), associated with reductions in both LDL-C (-6 ± 21 mg/dl, P = 0.004) and HDL-C (-3 ± 9 mg/dl, P = 0.016). Cholesterol efflux capacity by the ABCA1 transporter decreased by 10% (P = 0.006); efflux capacities by the ABCG1 and SR-B1 transporters were not significantly altered. ORAC decreased by 15% (P = 0.018); neither PON1 activity nor eNOS activation was significantly altered by reduction in HDL-C. Findings were similar for diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. Diet-induced weight loss in overweight or obese women is associated with a decrease in HDL-C levels, but overall HDL function is relatively spared, suggesting that decrease in HDL-C in this setting is not deleterious to cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Brittany O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Aicher
authors.forename: Erin K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Haser
authors.forename: Lita A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Andrea V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Carnie
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stonik
authors.forename: Xunde
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Alan T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Remaley
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Richard O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Cannon
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human