title: Consumer acceptance of ginseng food products.
abstract: Ginseng has been utilized less in food products than in dietary supplements in the United States. Sensory acceptance of ginseng food products by U.S. consumers has not been reported. The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine the sensory acceptance of commercial ginseng food products and (2) assess influence of the addition of sweeteners to ginseng tea and ginseng extract to chocolate on consumer acceptance. Total of 126 consumers participated in 3 sessions for (1) 7 commercial red ginseng food products, (2) 10 ginseng teas varying in levels of sugar or honey, and (3) 10 ginseng milk or dark chocolates varying in levels of ginseng extract. Ginseng candy with vitamin C and ginseng crunchy white chocolate were the most highly accepted, while sliced ginseng root product was the least accepted among the seven commercial products. Sensory acceptance increased in proportion to the content of sugar and honey in ginseng tea, whereas acceptance decreased with increasing content of ginseng extract in milk and dark chocolates. Findings demonstrate that ginseng food product types with which consumers have been already familiar, such as candy and chocolate, will have potential for success in the U.S. market. Chocolate could be suggested as a food matrix into which ginseng can be incorporated, as containing more bioactive compounds than ginseng tea at a similar acceptance level. Future research may include a descriptive analysis with ginseng-based products to identify the key drivers of liking and disliking for successful new product development.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Hee Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Young-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Soo-Yeun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002099:Cacao; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D005260:Female; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005518:Food Preferences; D005524:Food Technology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000032:analysis; D013649:Taste; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013662:Tea; D001205:Ascorbic Acid