title: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and metabolic syndrome: a nationwide survey in Korea.
abstract: METHODS
  Systemic inflammation has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and metabolic syndrome. However, the association between these two conditions is not fully understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between COPD and metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among subjects aged ≥40 years from the 2001 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1215 subjects with two or more acceptable spirometry measurements and complete anthropometric/laboratory examinations were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 133 subjects (11%, 100 men and 33 women) were newly diagnosed with COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ≤ 70%). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome, based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, was significantly higher in COPD subjects compared with non-COPD subjects in both sexes (33.0% vs. 22.2% in men and 48.5% vs. 29.6% in women). In men, the risk of COPD was higher in subjects with metabolic syndrome than in those without (OR 2.03, 95%CI 1.08-3.80), after adjusting for potential confounders. There was a borderline significant association between COPD and abdominal obesity among the individual component of metabolic syndrome (OR 1.95, 95%CI 0.93-4.11).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the Republic of Korea, metabolic syndrome was associated with COPD in men.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D014797:Vital Capacity