title: Special features of mitochondrial Ca²⁺ signalling in adrenal glomerulosa cells.
abstract: Aldosterone, secreted by adrenal glomerulosa cells, allows the adaptation of the vertebrate organism to a wide range of physiological and pathological stimuli including acute haemodynamic challenges and long-term changes in dietary sodium and potassium intake. Most of the extracellular signals are mediated by cytosolic Ca²⁺ signal deriving from Ca²⁺ release, store-operated and/or voltage-gated Ca²⁺ influx. Mitochondria in glomerulosa cells play a fundamental role in generating and modulating the final biological response. These organelles not only house several enzymes of aldosterone biosynthesis but also-in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner-provide NADPH for the function of these enzymes. Moreover, mitochondria, constituting a high portion of cytoplasmic volume and displaying a uniquely low-threshold Ca²⁺ sequestering ability, shape and thus modulate the decoding of the complex cytosolic Ca²⁺ response. The unusual features of mitochondrial Ca²⁺ signalling that permit such an integrative function in adrenal glomerulosa cells are hereby described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. spat@eok.sote.hu
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spät
authors.forename: Gergö
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szanda
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D055098:Endocrine Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D015384:Zona Glomerulosa / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D000450:Aldosterone; D009249:NADP; D002118:Calcium