title: Clinical aspect and molecular mechanism of DNA aneuploidy in gastric cancers.
abstract: The biological characteristics of cancers depend mostly on genetic alterations in the cancer cells of individuals. Gastric cancers show a high frequency of DNA aneuploidy, a phenotype of chromosomal instability. Compared to diploid tumors, gastric carcinomas with aneuploidy have been shown to have high proliferative activity and high metastatic or invasive potential; these characteristics lead to a poor prognosis. It has been suggested that an abnormal spindle assembly checkpoint is involved in DNA aneuploidy, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This review, in order to determine whether gastric carcinomas that display aneuploidy are associated with a poorer prognosis than diploid tumors, and to discuss the biological mechanisms that induce aneuploidy, summarizes the results of studies on DNA ploidy in gastric cancer published in the English literature. Analysis of DNA ploidy in gastric cancer may provide clinically useful information from diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic standpoints. Further investigations may be needed to clarify the relationship between chromosome instability and DNA ploidy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. okieiji@surg2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hisamatsu
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saeki
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakeji
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maehara
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D043171:Chromosomal Instability; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D004171:Diploidy; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016158:Genes, p53; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D059566:M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D064246:Mad2 Proteins; D009154:Mutation; D011379:Prognosis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C577697:MAD2L1 protein, human; D064246:Mad2 Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C090464:Bub1 spindle checkpoint protein; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases