title: Effect of biological/physical stimulation on guided bone regeneration through asymmetrically porous membrane.
abstract: Asymmetrically porous polycaprolactone (PCL)/Pluronic F127 guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes were fabricated. The top surface of the membrane had nanosize pores (∼10 nm) which can effectively prevent invasion by fibrous connective tissue but permeate nutrients, whereas the bottom surface had microsize pores (∼200 μm) which can enhance the adhesiveness with bone tissue. Ultrasound was applied to a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2)-immobilized PCL/F127 GBR membrane to investigate the feasibility of using dual biological (BMP-2) and physical (ultrasound) stimulation for enhancing bone regeneration through the membrane. In an animal study using SD rats (cranial defect model), the bone regeneration behavior that occurred when using BMP-2-loaded GBR membranes with ultrasound treatment (GBR/BMP-2/US) was much faster than when the same GBR membrane was used without the ultrasound treatment (GBR/BMP-2), as well as when GBR membranes were used without stimulations (GBR). The enhanced bone regeneration of the GBR/BMP-2/US group can be interpreted as resulting from the synergistic or additive effect of the asymmetrically porous PCL/F127 membrane with unique properties (selective permeability, hydrophilicity, and osteoconductivity) and the stimulatory effects of BMP-2 and ultrasound (osteoinductivity). The asymmetrically porous GBR membrane with dual BMP-2 and ultrasound stimulation may be promising for the clinical treatment of delayed and insufficient bone healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, 461-6 Jeonmin Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-811, South Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Se Heang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Seung Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Jin Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D055767:Immobilized Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000293:injuries / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055767:Immobilized Proteins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011091:Polyesters; D020442:Poloxamer; C016240:polycaprolactone