title: Potato fiber protects the small intestinal wall against the toxic influence of acrylamide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acrylamide is a neurotoxic, genotoxic substance present in many commonly consumed food products and has been shown to have carcinogenic effects in rodents. The protective effects (if any) of potato fiber preparations, composed of cell wall material from potatoes, against the toxic influence of dietary acrylamide on the small intestinal wall were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male mice of the BALB/c strain were used in the study. Acrylamide was administered to the mice in their drinking water (0.5 mg/kg of body weight per day) and one of two types of potato fiber preparations (heated or raw potato fiber preparation) was added to their feed (2% addition to their feed). Histomorphometry of the small intestinal wall, hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide, animal weight, and feed and water consumption analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acrylamide altered the morphology and histology of the small intestinal wall, decreasing proliferation, myenteron and submucosal thicknesses, villus length, fractal dimension, crypt depth, crypt number, and the small intestinal absorptive surface. Conversely, apoptosis, hemoglobin adduct levels, intensity of epithelium staining, enterocyte number, villus epithelial thickness, and crypt width and parameters associated with nerve ganglia were increased. The two potato fiber preparations that were used abolished the negative influences of acrylamide on the small intestinal wall and had no influence on the hemoglobin adduct levels of acrylamide.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The negative impact of acrylamide on the histologic structure, regeneration, and innervation of the small intestinal wall and the absorptive function of the small intestinal mucosa can be abolished by dietary potato fiber preparations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Comparative Anatomy and Anthropology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland. piotr.dobrowolski@umcs.lublin.pl
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dobrowolski
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huet
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Sune
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tomaszewska
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gawron
authors.forename: Stefan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Pierzynowski
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005511:Food Handling; D005724:Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use; D035281:Plant Tubers; D011198:Solanum tuberosum
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D028321:Plant Preparations; D020106:Acrylamide