title: Formulation and characterization of a cream containing terminalia chebula extract.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to formulate a water-in-oil emulsion (formulation) of Terminalia chebula versus its vehicle (base) as control, and investigate its effects on skin melanin, skin erythema, skin moisture content, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Base containing no active material, and formulation containing 5% concentrated extract of T. chebula, were developed. Different stability parameters were monitored at 8, 25, and 40 °C, as well as 40 °C + 75% relative humidity, for a period of 4 weeks. It was concluded that the creams remained stable at all storage conditions. Both base and formulation were applied to the cheeks of human volunteers for a period of 8 weeks. Different skin parameters were monitored every week to measure any effect produced by these creams.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes in TEWL produced by base and formulation were insignificant (p > 0.05) with respect to time while significant (p ≤ 0.05) with respect to base and formulation. The skin moisture content increased after the application of formulation throughout the study period; this effect was insignificant (p > 0.05) with respect to time while significant (p ≤ 0.05) with respect to base and formulation. Both base and formulation showed insignificant (p > 0.05) effects on skin melanin content with respect to time. Skin erythema was reduced by the formulation. Both base and formulation produced statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) effects on skin sebum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both creams were aesthetic with respect to sensory evaluation. T. chebula topical cream showed a positive rejuvenating effect on human skin. Hopefully, this study will encourage more attention towards the research and utilization of herbal medicines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.forename: Ali B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Said
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Haji M Shoaib
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rasool
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saeed
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012629:Sebum / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects*; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004655:Emulsions; D008543:Melanins; D010936:Plant Extracts