title: The suppressive effects of Bursopentine (BP5) on oxidative stress and NF-ĸB activation in lipopolysaccharide-activated murine peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bursopentine (BP5) is a novel thiol-containing pentapeptide isolated from chicken bursa of Fabricius, and is reported to exert immunomodulatory effects on B and T lymphocytes. It has been found that some thiol compounds, such as glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) protect living cells from oxidative stress. This led us to investigate whether BP5 had any ability to protect macrophages from oxidative stress as well as any mechanism that might underlie this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine peritoneal macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (2 μg/ml) were treated with single bouts (0, 25, 50, and 100 μM) of BP5.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BP5 potently suppressed the markers for oxidative stress, including nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. It also decreased the expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and promoted a protective antioxidant state by elevating GSH content and by activating the expression and activity of certain key antioxidant and redox enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). This suppressive effect on oxidative stress was accompanied by down-regulated expression and activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that BP5 can protect LPS-activated murine peritoneal macrophages from oxidative stress. BP5 may have applications as an anti-oxidative stress reagent.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Immunology of China's Department of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China. deyuanlinjau@gmail.com
authors.forename: De-yuan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mao-yun
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Zhi-rong
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Pu-yan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009842:Oligopeptides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C569205:cysteinyl-lysyl-aspartyl-valyl-tyrosine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione