title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic genes in patients with acute ischemic stroke in relation to TOAST subtype.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The genetic basis of complex diseases like ischemic stroke probably consists of several predisposing risk factors, such as genes involved in inflammation and thrombotic pathways. On this basis the aim of our study was to evaluate the role of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) of some pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory and coagulation/fibrinolytic genes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 144 consecutive Caucasian adult patients who were hospitalized in the Internal Medicine Department at the University of Palermo between November 2006 and January 2008, and who met inclusion criteria. The cases were patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke, and age-matched (± 3 years) control subjects: patients admitted to our Internal Medicine Department for any cause other than acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events and for routine checkup examinations. Molecular analysis of alleles at the -308 nucleotide (-308G/A) of TNF-α gene, -1082/-819 haplotypes of IL-10 gene, IL-1RN exon 2 VNR polymorphism, alleles at the -174 nucleotide (-174G/C) of IL-6 gene, PAI-1675 5G/4G polymorphism, alleles at the -7351 nucleotide (-7351C/T) of tPA gene was undertaken in both patient groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed 96 subjects with acute ischemic stroke and 48 control subjects. We observed a significantly higher frequency of IL-10 1082 AA genotype in stroke patients with a significant risk trend. We also reported a higher frequency in stroke subjects with a significant risk trend of the TPA 7351-CT genotype and of IL-1RN-VNTR 86 bp 2/2 genotype. Moreover, we observed a significant relationship with TOAST subtype only with regard to CC TPA genotype and 1/1 IL-1 VNTR 86 bp and lacunar strokes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ischemic stroke is a common multifactor disease, which is affected by a number of genetic mutations and environmental factors. Our findings showing a relationship between pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic genes SNPs and ischemic stroke may contribute to delineate a possible stroke risk profile in subjects with cerebrovascular risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy. brunotutto@unipa.it
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tuttolomondo
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Di Raimondo
authors.forename: Giusi Irma
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casuccio
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vaccarino
authors.forename: Letizia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scola
authors.forename: Rosaria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pecoraro
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serio
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Arnao
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palmeri
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Misiano
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lio
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Licata
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers