title: Improvement of growth and nitrogen utilization in sheep using sugar beet pulp treated with Trichoderma reesei or urea.
abstract: Twenty-five intact Barki lambs with mean body weight of 24.81 ± 0.16 kg were used to investigate the effect of including in the diet sugar beet pulp (SBP) treated biologically with Trichoderma reesei or chemically with urea 4 % on nutrients digestibility, growth performance, nitrogen (N) utilization, and hematological and biochemical parameters. Two experiments were conducted. In the growth experiment, five lambs were randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments. Lambs were offered isonitrogenous and isoenergetic concentrate feed mixture containing on dry matter basis 0 % SBP (D0), 50 % SBP (D1), 50 % SBP treated with 4 % urea (D2), 50 % SBP treated with T. reesei (D3), and 25 % SPB treated with 4 % urea plus 25 % SPB treated with T. reesei (D4). In the metabolism experiment, five rams were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design and housed in metabolism crates for 21 days. The present study showed that inclusion of SBP at the level of 50 % (D1) negatively affected diet digestibility coefficients of crude protein, crude fiber, and ether extract, in addition to average daily gain, feed conversion, and N utilization. However, treatment of SBP with urea (D2), T. reesei (D3), or the combination (D4) of both had improved (P < 0.05) these parameters with superiority of D3. Despite the significant differences in the tested hematological and biochemical parameters of lambs fed on biologically or chemically treated SBP diets, their levels remained within the physiological ranges which could indicate that treated SBP did not have any adverse effect on lambs' health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Production, Colleges of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Aly B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Okab
authors.forename: Mostafa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.forename: Emad M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Samara
authors.forename: Khalid A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Abdoun
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al-Haidary
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Koriem
authors.forename: Ayman A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hassan
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D027461:Beta vulgaris / Q000378:metabolism*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004063:Digestion; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D011897:Random Allocation; D034561:Sheep, Domestic / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000378:metabolism*; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D014508:Urea; D009584:Nitrogen