title: [The interdependence of coronary pain control and level of anxiety in women with ischiaemic heart disease].
abstract: Interdependences between pain and anxiety in cardiac ischaemia are multidimensional and complex. Both of these phenomena share a lot of traits and they tend to reinforce each other at physiological level. Apart from arduousness of pain, cognitive understanding of its nature becomes an important mediating factor. One of important characteristics of the patient's attitude towards their illness is localization of pain control. The aim of the study was to analyze an interdependence between an anxiety as a state and as a trait and the localization of pain control in women with coronary heart decease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 52 female patients hospitalised at The Department of Cardiology of The Medical University of Lublin who underwent coronarography. The used methods included an interview, State - Trait Anxiety Inventory of Spielberger (STAI) and The Beliefs about Pain Control Questionnaire (BPCQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results did not confirm an often suggested opinion that internal localization of pain control reduces anxiety and activates the patient. The intensity of the internal localization of pain control correlates significantly with the intensity of the dependence of pain of activity of the doctors as well as on the anxiety as trait. It is higher in women with lower education. Perhaps better educated patients, not so ready to react with anxiety, can treat pain more realistically as a sign of a pathological process which can be understood and evaluated not so much as a catastrophe. They do not feel personally responsible for the pain, either, and are able to accept the limits of the doctor's assistance, having no unrealistic expectations with regard to the pain treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the research indicate that in women with ischiaemic heart decease better adjustment to the illness and a lower level of anxiety as a trait are connected with the understanding and acceptance of their situation by the patient, rather than with too big extent of expectations towards the control of pain by the patients themselves or medical staff.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lublin, Poland, Department of Clinical Psychology. elzbieta.gleba@icmpoland.com
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gleba
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasiłowska-Barud
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wysokiński
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jedrych
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D010146:Pain / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D059408:Pain Management