title: Bladder tissue engineering using biocompatible nanofibrous electrospun constructs: feasibility and safety investigation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the feasibility and safety of using biocompatible, nanofibrous electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) and combination of polylactic acid (PLLA) and PCL mats in a canine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma-treated electrospun unseeded mats were implanted in three dogs. The first dog was sacrificed after 3 months and the second and third ones after 4 months, and then, the graft was examined macroscopically with subsequent morphological and histochemical evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both films showed high levels of cell infiltration and tissue formation, but body response to PLLA/PCL mat in comparison to PCL mat was very low. All three implantation models showed the same light microscopic morphology, immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy results; nevertheless, only the PCL/PLLA model showed favorable clinical results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these data, nanofibrous PLLA/PCL scaffolding could be a suitable material for the bladder tissue engineering; however, it deserves further investigations.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nasser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shakhssalim
authors.forename: Mohammad Mehdi
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moghadasali
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Soltani
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shabani
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soleimani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000009:adverse effects; D011091:Polyesters / Q000009:adverse effects; D011108:Polymers / Q000009:adverse effects; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000009:adverse effects; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C016240:polycaprolactone; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)