title: [Nurturing clinician investigators is the best way to promote innovative drug development from academia].
abstract: Clinical research in Japan is still lacking in quality and quantity, and that situation is worsening. One important cause of those problems is the dearth of clinician-investigators. A recent change in the system for post-graduate clinical training affected the career paths of medical residents and reduced the number of young doctors who enter graduate school. Even those who are interested in clinical research now have incentives to avoid graduate school. In Japan, 19th-century biological absolutism is still the dominant paradigm in the medical-research community. Science for public health in the 21st century will benefit from a probabilistic paradigm, which can help to restore an appropriate balance between basic sciences and clinical research. Research done by clinician-investigators should be based on clinical questions that arise in medical practice. That research includes investigation of disease and practice, exploration of associations between causes and outcomes, evaluation of diagnostic tests, and studies of the efficacy of treatments and prevention strategies. We emphasize the importance of nurturing clinician-investigators for the development of clinical research in Japan. This may not be the fastest way to promote innovative drug development from academia, but it is certainly the best.
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University School of Medicine and Public Health, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuhara
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakushima
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
mesh_terms: D015195:Drug Design; D007564:Japan; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical