title: [Risk factors of bloodstream infections associated with parenteral nutrition in pediatric patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the complications of parenteral nutrition (PN) is bloodstream infection (BSI) associated with catheter, unknown the most important risk factors in our country.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine risk factors of BSI associated with PN in pediatric patients in public hospitals of Santiago, Chile.
  
  
  METHODS
  In two public hospitals all newborns and children receiving PN were analyzed retrospectively, from January 2002 to December 2005. The study group (SG) was formed by all those with blood cultures (+) during the administration of PN. We selected two controls for each case, children with PN and blood cultures (-) (control group, CG). We used parametric, nonparametric and logistic regression to analyze data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 58 cases and 130 controls. Children of the SG received PN for longer days than CG: 24 (7-934) vs. 10 days (7-152) (p < 0.001), presented a higher rate of malnutrition (44.4% vs. 31%, chi2, p < 0.05) and received more frequently PN by central venous catheter than peripheral catheter (GE: 60.3% and 6.9% vs. GC: 40.9% and 16.9% respectively, chi2, p < 0.01), without differences between newborns and older children. The stepwise logistic regression showed that the only significant variable was the duration of PN in weeks (OR: 1.55,95% CI 1.28 to 1.9; p < 0,05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The blood stream infections associated with parenteral nutrition in children in public hospitals of Santiago, are associated with longer duration of parenteral nutrition and in less degree to the child's nutritional compromise.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Norte, Universidad de Chile, Hospital Roberto del Río, Santiago, Chile. pvbalboa@gmail.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balboa Cardemil
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castillo Durán
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006779:Hospitals, Public; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007239:Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult