title: Topical and systemic cannabidiol improves trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid colitis in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Compounds of Cannabis sativa are known to exert anti-inflammatory properties, some of them without inducing psychotropic side effects. Cannabidiol (CBD) is such a side effect-free phytocannabinoid that improves chemically induced colitis in rodents when given intraperitoneally. Here, we tested the possibility whether rectal and oral application of CBD would also ameliorate colonic inflammation, as these routes of application may represent a more appropriate way for delivering drugs in human colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Colitis was induced in CD1 mice by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Individual groups were either treated with CBD intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg), orally (20 mg/kg) or intrarectally (20 mg/kg). Colitis was evaluated by macroscopic scoring, histopathology and the myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraperitoneal treatment of mice with CBD led to improvement of colonic inflammation. Intrarectal treatment with CBD also led to a significant improvement of disease parameters and to a decrease in MPO activity while oral treatment, using the same dose as per rectum, had no ameliorating effect on colitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data of this study indicate that in addition to intraperitoneal application, intrarectal delivery of cannabinoids may represent a useful therapeutic administration route for the treatment of colonic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schicho
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Storr
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002185:Cannabidiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002185:Cannabidiol; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; D009195:Peroxidase