title: Taking the stress out of evaluating stress injuries in children.
abstract: Pediatric stress injuries result from a mismatch between (a) the burden of activity on growing bone and cartilage and (b) their intrinsic biomechanical properties. Although the presentation of stress injuries varies with the specific physical activity and the site of injury, in children it varies primarily with the degree of skeletal maturation. During the past several years, there has been a substantial increase in the incidence of pediatric stress injuries. The differential diagnosis of a stress injury in a child or adolescent can be challenging because the injury sometimes can appear aggressive at imaging assessment. Awareness of the spectrum of imaging features of stress injuries can help the radiologist to reach the correct diagnosis and prevent unnecessary anxiety. This review depicts the range of stress injuries in children and adolescents in various anatomic locations, with emphasis on their appearances at magnetic resonance imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th St and Civic Center Blvd, 3NW 39, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. camilojaimes12@gmail.com
authors.forename: Camilo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jaimes
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: Nogah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shabshin
authors.forename: Tal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laor
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000465:Algorithms; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001846:Bone Development; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D002356:Cartilage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D015775:Fractures, Stress / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed