title: [Treatment of complex cryptoglandular anal fistulas. Does it still require an experienced surgeon?].
abstract: There is still controversy on the management of complex cryptoglandular fistulas, even after employing the newest, theoretically simple, techniques. A critical review of the literature was performed, in order to clarify the role of the surgeon, where the precarious balance between eradicating sepsis and maintaining anorectal influences the choice. Techniques, such as fistulotomy, immediate sphincter repair or ligature of the inter-sphincter trajectory, are discussed. The new sphincter preserving techniques, such as sealing, use of plugs and cell therapy are also analysed. However, with a few exceptions, the scientific evidence is low or zero, due to the lack of clinical trials and to the large variation in the presentations and technical details that could influence the results. For this reason, experience in treating complex cryptoglandular fistulas is still essential.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Coloproctología, Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, España. Electronic address: roig_jvi@gva.es.
authors.forename: José V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Roig
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Armengol
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012003:Rectal Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors