title: SD-OCT patterns of the different stages of choroidal metastases.
abstract: A diagnosis of choroidal metastasis is based on the patient's clinical history, the tumor's ophthalmoscopic appearance, and instrumental imaging results such as ultrasonography, fluorescein angiography, fundus autofluorescence, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) has provided additional useful information for clinical diagnosis: a pattern of hyperintense irregular spots in the context of the photoreceptor layer and in the retinal pigment epithelium, subretinal fluid, and marked irregularity of the retinal pigment epithelium with thickening and gross undulation. The authors describe a case of bilateral choroidal metastasis presenting peculiar SD-OCT features acquired at different stages. They emphasize the central role of SD-OCT among instrumental imaging procedures and for final successful diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Vita-Salute University, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Iuliano
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scotti
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gagliardi
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pierro
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000556:secondary*; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography