title: Dietary patterns and risk of cardiovascular deaths among middle-aged Japanese: JACC Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little evidence showed the association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular disease among Japanese. The objective of this study was to examine whether dietary patterns are associated with cardiovascular disease among middle-aged Japanese.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline (1988-1990), 26,598 men and 37,439 women aged 40-79 years enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. During the follow-up through 2003, 578 men and 499 women died from stroke, and 272 men and 207 women died from coronary heart disease. We identified three major dietary patterns, 'vegetable', 'animal food' and 'dairy product', by factor analysis for both sexes. The multivariable hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals of mortality from total cardiovascular disease in the highest versus lowest quintiles of the vegetable pattern were 0.93 (0.78-1.13), p for trend=0.73 for men and 0.82 (0.67-1.00), p for trend=0.04 for women. The respective HRs of mortality from stroke in the highest versus lowest quintiles of the dairy product pattern were 0.65 (0.49-0.86), p for trend=0.01 for men and 0.70 (0.51-0.97), p for trend=0.02 for women, and those of total cardiovascular disease were 0.89 (0.74-1.08), p for trend=0.23 for men and 0.76 (0.61-0.94), p for trend=0.01 for women. The animal food pattern was not associated with mortality from stroke, coronary heart disease or total cardiovascular disease for either sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that 'vegetable' and 'dairy product' patterns were associated with lower morality from cardiovascular disease, while the 'animal food' pattern was not associated with mortality from cardiovascular disease among Japanese.
authors.affiliation: Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iso
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Date
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamakoshi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D044466:Asian People; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003611:Dairy Products; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D014675:Vegetables