title: Implementing childhood obesity policy in a new educational environment: the cases of Mississippi and Tennessee.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to investigate the processes involved in, and outcomes of, implementing 3 new state-level, school-oriented childhood obesity policies enacted between 2004 and 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  We followed policy implementation in 8 high schools in Mississippi and Tennessee. We collected data between 2006 and 2009 from interviews with policymakers, administrators, teachers, and students; observations of school-based activities; and documents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant barriers to the effective implementation of obesity-related policies emerged. These most notably include a value system that prioritizes performances in standardized tests over physical education (PE) and a varsity sport system that negatively influences opportunities for PE. These and other factors, such as resource constraints and the overloading of school administrators with new policies, mitigate against the implementation of policies designed to promote improvements in student health through PE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Policies designed to address health and social problems in high-school settings face significant barriers to effective implementation. To have a broad impact, obesity-related policies must be tied to mainstream educational initiatives that both incentivize, and hold accountable, the school-level actors responsible for their implementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Management, Fogelman College of Business and Economics at the University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. johnamis@memphis.edu
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Amis
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dyson
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vardaman
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ferry
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008922:Mississippi; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D011050:Policy Making; D012574:Schools / Q000458:organization & administration; D013177:Sports; D013714:Tennessee