title: Arcobacter bivalviorum sp. nov. and Arcobacter venerupis sp. nov., new species isolated from shellfish.
abstract: A group of ten Arcobacter isolates (Gram negative, slightly curved motile rods, oxidase positive) was recovered from mussels (nine) and from clams (one). These isolates could not be assigned to any known species using the molecular identification methods specific for this genus (16S rDNA-RFLP and m-PCR). The aim of this study is to establish the taxonomic position of these isolates. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of mussel strain F4(T) to the type strains of all other Arcobacter species ranged from 91.1% to 94.8%. The species most similar to the clams' strain F67-11(T) were Arcobacter defluvii (CECT 7697(T), 97.1%) and Arcobacter ellisii (CECT 7837(T), 97.0%). On the basis of phylogenetic analyses with 16S rRNA, rpoB, gyrB and hsp60 genes, the mussel and clam strains formed two different, new lineages within the genus Arcobacter. These data, together with their different phenotypic characteristics and MALDI-TOF mass spectra, revealed that these strains represent two new species, for which the names Arcobacter bivalviorum (type strain F4(T)=CECT 7835(T)=LMG 26154(T)) and Arcobacter venerupis (type strain F67-11(T)=CECT 7836(T)=LMG 26156(T)) are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Microbiologia, Departament de Ciències Mediques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levican
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Collado
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yustes
authors.forename: Ana L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Diéguez
authors.forename: Jesús L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Romalde
authors.forename: Maria José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Figueras
mesh_terms: D020640:Arcobacter / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012758:Shellfish / Q000382:microbiology*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D018834:Chaperonin 60; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; C105078:RNA polymerase beta subunit; D027081:DNA Gyrase