title: Temporal trends and anaemia-associated factors in 6- to 59-month-old children in Northeast Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the trends and factors associated with anaemia in 6- to 59-month-old children in Northeast Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study assessed information from the second and third Pernambuco State Health and Nutrition Surveys carried out in 1997 and 2006. A multiple regression analysis was performed from a conceptual model addressing biological and socio-economic factors, housing and sanitation conditions, maternal factors, health care and nutrition, consumption, morbidity and nutritional status. Poisson's regression with robust variance was used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pernambuco, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 777 and 993 children, respectively, in the second and third Pernambuco State Health and Nutrition Surveys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of anaemia (Hb < 11 g/dl) decreased by 19·3 % (40·9 % down to 33·0 %) between surveys. Maternal education level (less than 8 years in school), households ranked in the lowest environmental index tertile and children between 6 and 23 months of age were the variables common to the final models in the surveys of 1997 and 2006. Elements like living in rural areas, household income less than two minimum official wages and low birth weight were still present in the final model of the 1997 survey. Households ranked in the lowest economic index tertile were associated with anaemia in the model of the 2006 survey.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study results are quite encouraging from the perspective of reducing the prevalence of anaemia. Maternal education level, environmental conditions and child age were determinant factors in both surveys, and economic factors were determinant in 2006.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. lucianapleal@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Luciana Pedrosa
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Malaquias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Batista Filho
authors.forename: Pedro Israel Cabral
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: de Lira
authors.forename: José Natal
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Figueiroa
authors.forename: Mônica Maria
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Osório
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000886:Anthropometry; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins