title: Acute exercise and training alter blood lipid and lipoprotein profiles differently in overweight and obese men and women.
abstract: Our purpose was to elucidate effects of acute exercise and training on blood lipids-lipoproteins, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in overweight/obese men (n = 10) and women (n = 8); age, BMI, body fat percentage, and VO(2)max were (mean ± SEM): 45 ± 2.5 years, 31.9 ± 1.4 kg·m(-2), 41.1 ± 1.5%, and 25.2 ± 1.3 mlO(2)·kg(-1)·min(-1). Before exercise training subjects performed an acute exercise session on a treadmill (70% VO(2)max, 400 kcal energy expenditure), followed by 12 weeks of endurance exercise training (land-based or aquatic-based treadmill): 3 sessions·week(-1), progressing to 500 kcal·session(-1) during which subjects maintained accustomed dietary habits. After training, the acute exercise session was repeated. Blood samples, obtained immediately before and 24 h after acute exercise sessions, were analyzed for serum lipids, lipoproteins, and hsCRP adjusted for plasma volume shifts. Exercise training increased VO(2)max (+3.67 mlO(2)·kg(-1)·min(-1), P < 0.001) and reduced body weight (-2.7 kg, P < 0.01). Training increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and HDL(2b)-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations (+3.7 and +2.4 mg·dl(-1), P < 0.05) and particle numbers (+588 and +206 nmol·l(-1), P < 0.05) in men. In women despite no change in total HDL-C, subfractions shifted from HDL(3)-C (-3.2, P < 0.01) to HDL(2b)-C (+3.5, P < 0.05) and HDL(2a)-C (+2.2 mg·dl(-1), P < 0.05), with increased HDL(2b) particle number (+313 nmol·l(-1), P < 0.05). Training reduced LDL(3) concentration and particle number in women (-1.6 mg·dl(-1) and -16 nmol·l(-1), P < 0.05). Acute exercise reduced the total cholesterol (TC): HDL-C ratio in men (-0.16, P < 0.01) and increased hsCRP in all subjects (+0.05 mg·dl(-1), P < 0.05), regardless of training. Training did not affect acute exercise responses. Our data support the efficacy of endurance training, without dietary intervention, to elicit beneficial changes in blood lipids-lipoproteins in obese men and women.
authors.affiliation: Applied Exercise Science Laboratory, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Crouse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004777:Environment; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running; D012737:Sex Factors; D016138:Walking; D014867:Water; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014867:Water; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol