title: Spanish normative studies in a young adult population (NEURONORMA young adults Project): norms for the Boston Naming Test and the Token Test.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Boston Naming Test (BNT) and the Token Test (TT) are frequently used in clinical practice to assess naming and comprehension.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this paper is to present normative data for the BNT and for the TT as part of the NEURONORMA young adults Project.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 179 Spanish healthy subjects from 18 to 49 years old were evaluated. Tables to convert raw scores to scaled scores are provided. Age- and education- adjusted scores are obtained by applying linear regressions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show an effect of education in both tests, and a minimal effect of age and sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The normative data obtained will be useful in the clinical evaluation of young Spanish adults.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Neurología de la Conducta y Demencias, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Hospital del Mar (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aranciva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casals-Coll
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Benavides
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Manero
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rognoni
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palomo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tamayo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peña-Casanova
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D032882:Comprehension; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D013030:Spain; D055815:Young Adult