title: Abnormal functional connectivity between the anterior cingulate and the default mode network in drug-naïve boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: A previous study indicated that adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had a decreased anti-correlation between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the default mode network (DMN). In this study, we investigated whether children with ADHD also show a decreased anti-correlation between the dACC and the DMN. We also explored the developmental characteristics of the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) of the dACC with the DMN in children with ADHD. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained from a 3T scanner in 19 drug-naïve boys with ADHD and 23 controls. Compared with normal controls, the dACC in boys with ADHD showed a significantly decreased negative RSFC with the DMN, including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex. The RSFC strength between the dACC and the posterior cingulate cortex showed a significantly negative correlation with age in normal controls, but not in boys with ADHD. This decreased anti-correlation may suggest an abnormal balance or interaction between attentional and intrinsic thoughts. Our age-related analysis suggested an abnormal development pattern of the dACC-DMN interaction in ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Qingjiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xiangyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Manqiu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Xiaohua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Chaozhe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xinian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen