title: Does smoking increase the incidence of postoperative complications in simple exodontia?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether smoking has adverse effects in simple exodontia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-centre, prospective study of postoperative inflammatory complications in simple exodontia was performed. All procedures were conducted under similar and sterile conditions. Postoperative complications (PCs) in exodontia were classified as alveolar osteitis (AO) or alveolar infection (AI) and their incidences then added.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A logistic regression model for PCs revealed tooth sectioning [odds ratio (OR) = 4.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-18.8; P = 0.050], smoking (OR = 4.5, 95% CI 1.0-18.9; P = 0.03) and amount of smoking (> 20 cigarettes/day: OR = 12.3, 95% CI 1.0-149.8; P = 0.04) to be associated with the occurrence of PCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tooth sectioning, smoking and degree of smoking are all associated with the development of PCs such as AO and AI after simple exodontia. Dentists must be alert to these factors when performing simple exodontia in smokers in view of the increased risk for PCs.
authors.affiliation: Tissue Aspects for Health Prognosis and Intervention Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of Western Santa Catarina (Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina), Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil. marcelo.bortoluzzi@unoesc.edu.br
authors.forename: Marcelo Carlos
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bortoluzzi
authors.forename: Diogo Lenzi
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Capella
authors.forename: Tharzon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Camila P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Dresch
authors.forename: Claiton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tirello
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D004368:Dry Socket / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult