title: Major improvements of quartz crystal pulling sensitivity and linearity using series reactance.
abstract: This paper presents a new method of substantially improving frequency pullability and linearity using reactance in series with an AT fundamental crystal operated with a series load capacitance in the range of 3 to 50 pF and frequencies in the range of 3.5 to 21 MHz. The research describes high quartz pullability and linearity by varying the load capacitance. The paper also gives impedance circuits for crystal unit (3.5 MHz) together with load capacitance and compensation reactance. The experimental results show that the new approach using compensation method of quartz crystal connected in series reactance increases the frequency pulling range by ×25 to ×100 depending on the type of oscillator and compensation factor "k" in the temperature range of 10 to 40 °C.
authors.affiliation: University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Smetanova 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; E-Mail:  riko.safaric@uni-mb.si.
authors.forename: Vojko
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matko
authors.forename: Riko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Safarič