title: Red wine polyphenols do not lower peripheral or central blood pressure in high normal blood pressure and hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiological data suggest that modest red wine consumption may reduce cardiovascular disease risk. Red wine polyphenols improved human endothelial vascular function and reduced blood pressure (BP) in animal studies, but the results of human intervention studies investigating the effect of red wine polyphenols on BP are inconsistent. The objective was to investigate whether polyphenols extracted from red wine reduce peripheral and central BP in subjects with high-normal BP or grade 1 hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double-blind, placebo-controlled three-period crossover trial, we assigned 61 subjects (mean age 61.4 ± 8.4 years) with office systolic BP 135 ± 9 mm Hg and diastolic BP 82 ± 8 mm Hg to dairy drinks containing either placebo, 280 mg red wine polyphenols, or 560 mg red wine polyphenols. After each 4-week intervention period, office and 24-h ambulatory BP measurements, and central hemodynamic measurements derived from continuous finger BP recordings were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polyphenol treatment did not significantly affect 24-h BP: systolic/diastolic BP was 143 ± 2/84 ± 1 mm Hg after placebo, 143 ± 2/84 ± 1 mm Hg after 280 mg/day of red wine polyphenols, and 142 ± 2/83 ± 1 mm Hg after 560 mg/day. Neither dose of polyphenol treatment changed office or central BP, aortic augmentation index (AIx) or pulse wave reflection index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intake of red wine polyphenols in two different dosages for 4 weeks did not decrease peripheral or central BP in subjects with a high normal or grade 1 hypertension. Our findings do not support the hypothesis that polyphenols account for the suggested cardiovascular benefits of red wine consumption by lowering BP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ilse P G
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Botden
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Draijer
authors.forename: Berend E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Westerhof
authors.forename: Joost H W
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rutten
authors.forename: Janneke G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Langendonk
authors.forename: Eric J G
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sijbrands
authors.forename: A H Jan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Danser
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Zock
authors.forename: Anton H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: van den Meiracker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids; D059808:Polyphenols