title: A comparison of nine scales to detect depression in Parkinson disease: which scale to use?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Methods of Optimal Depression Detection in Parkinson's Disease (MOOD-PD) study compared the psychometric properties of 9 depression scales to provide guidance on scale selection in Parkinson disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with PD (n = 229) from community-based neurology practices completed 6 self-report scales (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]-II, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Rating Scale-Revised [CESD-R], 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS-30], Inventory of Depressive Symptoms-Patient [IDS-SR], Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9], and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale [UPDRS]-Part I) and were administered 3 clinician-rated scales (17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAM-D-17], Inventory of Depressive Symptoms-Clinician [IDS-C], and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] and a psychiatric interview. DSM-IV-TR diagnoses were established by an expert panel blinded to the self-reported rating scale data. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) of each scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All scales performed better than chance (AUC 0.75-0.85). Sensitivity ranged from 0.66 to 0.85 and specificity ranged from 0.60 to 0.88. The UPDRS Depression item had a smaller AUC than the BDI-II, HAM-D-17, IDS-C, and MADRS. The CESD-R also had a smaller AUC than the MADRS. The remaining AUCs were statistically similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GDS-30 may be the most efficient depression screening scale to use in PD because of its brevity, favorable psychometric properties, and lack of copyright protection. However, all scales studied, except for the UPDRS Depression, are valid screening tools when PD-specific cutoff scores are used.
authors.affiliation: Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grill
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Margolis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palanci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pontone
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rabins
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marsh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D057566:Self Report / Q000592:standards*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*