title: The use of a food supplementation with D-phenylalanine, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytriptophan in the alleviation of alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
abstract: We described the use of a food supplementation with D-phenylalanine, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytriptophan in the alleviation of alcohol withdrawal symptoms in patients starting a detoxification therapy. Since abstinence from ethanol causes a hypodopaminergic and a hypoopioidergic environment in the reword system circuits, manifesting with withdrawal symptoms, food supplements that contains D-phenylalanine a peptidase inhibitor (of opioide inactivation) and L-amino-acids (for dopamine synthesis) were used to replenish a lack in neurotransmitters and alleviate the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. 20 patients suffering from alcohol addictions starting a detoxification therapy have been included in a prospective, randomized, double blind study. The patients have been randomly devided in two groups. One group recieved for a period of 40 days a food supplement containing D-phenylalanine, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytriptophan (investigation group), and the control (placebo) group. On the first day of hospitalization the patients performed a SCL-90-R test, and blood samples were taken for measuring liver enzymes, total bilirubin, unbound cortisol and lymphocyte populations. The same was done on the 40th day of hospitalization. During the therapy a significant decrease in SCL-90-R psychiatric symptoms scores and a significant increase in CD4 lymphocyte count was observed in the investigation group. The cortisol values were significantly, but equally decreased in both groups, the same was with the liver enzymes and the total bilirubin values. We conclude that abstinence causes a major stress for the patients. The use of food supplement containing D-phenylalanine, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytriptophan alleviates the withdrawal symptoms and causes a rise in CD4 lymphocyte population, but it dose not affect the serum cortisol levels, which are probably more affected by liver inflammation and the liver restitution.
authors.affiliation: "J. J. Strossmayer" University, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, History of Medicine and Ethics, Osijek, Croatia.
authors.forename: Tomislav
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jukić
authors.forename: Bojan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rojc
authors.forename: Darja
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boben-Bardutzky
authors.forename: Mateja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hafner
authors.forename: Alojz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ihan
mesh_terms: D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine; D010649:Phenylalanine; D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan; D001663:Bilirubin; D006854:Hydrocortisone