title: Inoue balloon mitral valvotomy in a 4-year-old boy: to treat fulminant rheumatic mitral stenosis.
abstract: Mitral stenosis in children often has a fulminant and rapid course. Percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy is accepted as the treatment of choice for mitral stenosis not only in adults, but also in younger patients who have pliable valves. Balloon mitral valvotomy has yielded good immediate and long-term results. Herein, we report successful Inoue balloon mitral valvotomy in a 4-year-old boy who had severe, symptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis. To our knowledge, our patient is the youngest to have undergone this procedure. In addition to the case description, we discuss the features of juvenile rheumatic mitral stenosis and several technical aspects of performing the Inoue balloon mitral valvotomy procedure in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India. akapoor65@gmail.com
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: Nagaraja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moorthy
authors.forename: Sudeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; D004867:Equipment Design; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome