title: Selenoproteins and cancer prevention.
abstract: The discovery of multiple selenoproteins has raised tantalizing questions about their role in maintaining normal cellular function. Unfortunately, many of these remain inadequately investigated. While they have a role in maintaining redox balance, other functions are becoming increasingly recognized. As the roles of these selenoproteins are further characterized, a better understanding of the true physiological significance of this trace element will arise. This knowledge will be essential in defining optimum intakes to achieve cellular homeostasis in order to optimize health, including a reduction in cancer, for diverse populations. Human variation in the response to selenium likely reflects significant interactions between the type and amounts of selenium consumed with the genome and a host of environmental factors including the totality of the diet, as discussed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Nutritional Science Research Group, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20892, USA. davisci@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Cindy D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Petra A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Milner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012643:Selenium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051149:Selenoprotein P / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051140:Selenoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D054481:Thioredoxin Reductase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C495238:SELENOF protein, human; C487710:SELENOS protein, human; D051149:Selenoprotein P; D051140:Selenoproteins; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D054481:Thioredoxin Reductase 1; D012643:Selenium