title: Anticaries effect of dentifrices with calcium citrate and sodium trimetaphosphate.
abstract: Because of the growing concerns regarding fluoride ingestion by young children and dental fluorosis, it is necessary to develop new dentifrices.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentifrices with calcium citrate (Cacit) and sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel demineralization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enamel blocks (n=70), previously selected through surface hardness analysis, were submitted to daily treatment with dentifrices diluted in artificial saliva and to a pH-cycling model. The fluoride concentration in dentifrices was 0, 250, 450, 550, 1,000 and 1,100 µg F/g. CrestTM was used as a positive control (1,100 mg F/g). Cacit (0.25%) and TMP (0.25%) were added to dentifrices with 450 and 1,000 µg F/g. Surface hardness was measured again and integrated loss of subsurface hardness and fluoride concentration in enamel were calculated. Parametric and correlation tests were used to determine difference (p<0.05) and dose-response relationship between treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The addition of Cacit and TMP did not provide a higher fluoride concentration in enamel, however it reduced (p<0.05) mineral loss when compared to other dentifrices; the dentifrice with Cacit and TMP and a low fluoride concentration presented similar results when compared to a dentifrice with 1,100 mg F/g (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dentifrices with 450 and 1,000 µg F/g, Cacit and TMP were as effective as a gold standard one.
authors.affiliation: Araçatuba Dental School, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil. adelbem@foa.unesp.br
authors.forename: Alberto Carlos Botazzo
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Delbem
authors.forename: Maurício
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergamaschi
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Kikue Takebayashi
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Sassaki
authors.forename: Ana Elisa de Mello
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Emilene Macario Coimbra
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Missel
mesh_terms: D019355:Calcium Citrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006245:Hardness Tests; D006801:Humans; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D011122:Polyphosphates; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C009293:trimetaphosphoric acid; D019355:Calcium Citrate; D005459:Fluorides