title: Phylogeny and evolution of Newcastle disease virus genotypes isolated in Asia during 2008-2011.
abstract: The full-length fusion (F) genes of 51 Newcastle disease (ND) strains isolated from chickens in Asia during the period 2008-2011 were genetically analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that genotype VII of NDV still predominant in the domestic poultry of Asia. The sub-genotype VIIb circulated in the Iran and Indian sub-continent countries, whereas VIId sub-genotype existed in Far East countries. The non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions ratio was calculated 0.27 for VIId sub-genotype and 0.51 for VIIb sub-genotype indicates purifying/stabilizing selection which resulted in a low evolution rate in F gene of VIIb sub-genotype. There is evidence of localized positive selection when comparing these sub-genotypes protein sequences. Five codons in F gene of ND viruses had a posterior probability >90% using the Bayesian method, indicating these sites were under positive selection. To identify sites under positive selection; amino acid substitution classified depends on their radicalism and neutrality. The results indicate that although most positions were under purifying selection and can be eliminated, a few positions located in sub-genotype specific regions were subject to positive selection.
authors.affiliation: Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, PO Box 31975-148, Karaj, Iran. mhdmjd_ebrahimi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mohammad Majid
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi
authors.forename: Shahla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahsavandi
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moazenijula
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shamsara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005838:Genotype; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry / Q000821:virology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins