title: Individuals with high-normal blood pressure have different metabolic and haemodynamic characteristics to those with optimal blood pressure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ESH classification of blood pressure includes the high-normal blood pressure (HNBP) category, which is within normal limits but associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify additional CV risk factors and early signs of target organ damage in healthy individuals with HNBP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy volunteers (n = 74) with optimal blood pressure or HNBP were compared with respect to metabolic and haemodynamic parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HNBP was associated with higher serum uric acid (333.1 ± 65.4 vs 267.7 ± 65.4 μmol/L, p < 0.05) and glucose (4.7 ± 0.3 vs 4.5 ± 0.3 mmol/L, p < 0.01) concentrations, intima-media thickness (0.39 ± 0.06 vs 0.36 ± 0.04 mm, p < 0.05), systemic vascular resistance index (2,678.2 ± 955.9 vs 1,930.2 ± 625.5 dyn x s x m(2)/cm(5), p < 0.001), lower total arterial compliance index (1.04 ± 0.42 vs 1.44 ± 0.48 mL/[mm Hg x m(2)], p < 0.01) and baroreflex sensitivity (14.2 ± 3.8 vs 18.0 ± 8.8 mm Hg(2)/Hz, p = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed differences in metabolic and haemodynamic profile in HNBP may adversely affect CV risk in these individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hypertension and Angiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
authors.forename: Łukasz
authors.initials: Ł
authors.lastname: Artyszuk
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ostrowski
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ciszewski
authors.forename: Liana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Puchalska
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abramczyk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000502:physiology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000379:methods; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014527:Uric Acid