title: Evaluation of cytotoxicity and up-regulation of gelatinases in fibroblast cells by three root repair materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of root repair materials on the cytotoxicity and gelatinolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in 3T3 fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fibroblasts (3T3, 3 × 10(5) cells per well) were incubated with elutes of calcium hydroxide (Biodinâmica, Ibiporã, PR, Brazil), EndoBinder (Binderware, São Carlos, SP, Brazil) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) for 24 h. The cytotoxicity of all root repair materials was determined using the MTT assay. Supernatants of cell cultures incubated with materials were collected after 24 h to determine the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity by gelatin zymography. Data were analysed using anova and Tukey's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cells secreted MMP-2 after 24 h with calcium hydroxide inducing significantly greater MMP-2 expression in relation to the control and the other root repair materials (P < 0.05). The cytotoxicity results revealed that there was no significant difference in the cell viability of MTA, EndoBinder and the control group. However, there was a significantly reduced cell viability of 3T3 fibroblasts in association with calcium hydroxide (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcium hydroxide was associated with significantly less cell viability when compared with EndoBinder and MTA. All materials had gelatinolytic activity for MMP-2 with calcium hydroxide being associated with the greatest activity.
authors.affiliation: Endodontic Division, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. emmanuel@fop.unicamp.br
authors.forename: E J N L
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.forename: J F A
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: C C R
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Ferraz
authors.forename: B P F A
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zaia
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008422:Materials Testing; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C557697:EndoBinder; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; C522362:Mmp2 protein, mouse; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C501830:Mmp9 protein, mouse; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide