title: Strain-level typing and identification of bacteria using mass spectrometry-based proteomics.
abstract: Because of the alarming expansion in the diversity and occurrence of bacteria displaying virulence and resistance to antimicrobial agents, it is increasingly important to be able to detect these microorganisms and to differentiate and identify closely related species, as well as different strains of a given species. In this study, a mass spectrometry proteomics approach is applied, exploiting lipid-based protein immobilization (LPI), wherein intact bacterial cells are bound, via membrane-gold interactions, within a FlowCell. The bound cells are subjected to enzymatic digestion for the generation of peptides, which are subsequently identified, using LC-MS. Following database matching, strain-specific peptides are used for subspecies-level discrimination. The method is shown to enable a reliable typing and identification of closely related strains of the same bacterial species, herein illustrated for  Helicobacter pylori .
authors.affiliation: Nanoxis AB, Lennart Torstenssonsgatan 5, SE-40016, Gothenburg, Sweden. rogerk@chem.gu.se
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Liselott
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Svensson-Stadler
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Olesen
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carlsohn
authors.forename: Edward R B
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D059748:Proteolysis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments