title: Morphophenotypic characteristics of intralymphatic cancer and stromal cells susceptible to lymphogenic metastasis.
abstract: The intravessel microenvironment has significant effects on cancer metastasis. The aim of the present study was to determine how the morphologic and immunophenotypic features of cancer cells and infiltrating stromal cells within the permeated lymphatic vessels are associated with lymphogenic metastasis. A total of 137 primary lung adenocarcinoma patients with extratumoral lymphatic permeations were examined. Morphologically, the floating cancer nests within the permeated lymphatic vessels were divided into two types: Type A, consisting of a single large cancer nest; and Type B, consisting of multiple small cancer nests. We compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and the immunophenotypes of the cancer cells and infiltrating stromal cells between the Type A and Type B nests. Eleven of 54 Type A patients (20%) had intrapulmonary metastases, compared with 36 of 83 Type B patients (43%; P = 0.006). Immunohistochemically, Type B cancer cells expressed significantly higher levels of CD44 than Type A cancer cells (mean scoresAUTHOR: Scores - what is this score? Is it the number of cells expressing CD44 or the concentration of CD44 or some other type of scoring system? 43.0 vs 20.5, respectively) and E-cadherin (60.5 vs 31.5, respectively), but lower levels of Geminin (11.9% vs 20.3%, respectively) and cleaved caspase 3 (2.4% vs 7.8%AUTHOR: 11.9% vs 20.3%, respectively) and cleaved caspase 3 (2.4% vs 7.8%, - what do the percentages here refer to? The number of cells expressing geminin and caspase 3? The levels of these factors? Please clarify., respectively). Moreover, a significantly larger number of CD204-positive macrophages were present within the cancer-permeated lymphatic vessels in Type B patients than in Type A patients (mean number 9.5 vs 4.6, respectively). The present study reveals that intralymphatic cancer cell and stromal cell phenotypes are susceptible to lymphogenic metastasis, suggesting that lymphogenic metastasis may be affected by the intralymphatic microenvironment they create.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Division, Research Center for Innovative Oncology, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Genichiro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Keiju
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aokage
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwata
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hishida
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Mitsuyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ochiai
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D064248:Geminin; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A / Q000378:metabolism; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C577995:GMNN protein, human; D064248:Geminin; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; C495139:MSR1 protein, human; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D053148:Caspase 3