title: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: an important predictor of stroke and diabetes-related mortality in Japanese elderly diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association of low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with the risk of stroke, diabetes-related vascular events and mortality in elderly diabetes patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out as a post-hoc landmark analysis of a randomized, controlled, multicenter, prospective intervention trial. We included 1173 elderly type 2 diabetes patients (aged ≥ 65 years) from 39 Japanese institutions who were enrolled in the Japanese elderly diabetes intervention trial study and who could be followed up for 1 year. A landmark survival analysis was carried out in which follow up was set to start 1 year after the initial time of entry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During 6 years of follow up, there were 38 cardiovascular events, 50 strokes, 21 diabetes-related deaths and 113 diabetes-related events. High low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was associated with incident cardiovascular events, and high glycated hemoglobin was associated with strokes. After adjustment for possible covariables, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed a significant association with increased risk of stroke, diabetes-related mortality and total events. The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 1.010 (1.001-1.018, P = 0.029) for stroke, 1.019 (1.007-1.031, P < 0.001) for diabetes-related death and 1.008 (1.002-1.014; P < 0.001) for total diabetes-related events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was associated with an increased risk of stroke, diabetes-related mortality and total events in elderly diabetes patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes Mellitus, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. aaraki@tmghig.jp
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iimuro
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Umegaki
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oba
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokono
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ako
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kozaki
authors.forename: Hisayuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Atsunori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Tadasumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008074:Lipoproteins; C030104:lipoprotein cholesterol; D002784:Cholesterol