title: Comparative potential therapeutic effect of sesame oil and peanut oil against acute monocrotaline (Crotalaria) poisoning in a rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many Crotalaria plant species contain hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (such as monocrotaline) that can cause acute and chronic poisoning in cattle and other animals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Peanut oil, atropine sulfate, and antidiarrheal agents are used to treat acute monocrotaline poisoning. The effect of sesame on acute monocrotaline poisoning has never been investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used for toxicity studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experiment 1: Group I, control. Groups II-IV were given monocrotaline (205.2 mg/kg) and euthanized 6, 12, and 24 hours later. Experiment 2: Group I, control. Group II monocrotaline alone (205.2 mg/kg). Groups III-VI were given monocrotaline (205.2 mg/kg) and 1 hour later, Groups III and IV were given sesame oil (1 and 2 mL/kg) and Groups V and VI were given peanut oil (1 and 2 mL/kg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Monocrotaline significantly decreased (P < .05) serum amylase activity, but, over time, increased (P < .05) pancreatic and lung injury. AST and ALT activity and liver injury peaked at 24 hours. Sesame oil and peanut oil (P < .05) inhibited the changes in all tested parameters in acute monocrotaline poisoning. Although peanut oil inhibited acute monocrotaline poisoning, it induced steatosis, but sesame oil did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We hypothesize that early pancreatic and lung injury and late liver injury contribute to acute monocrotaline poisoning and that sesame oil is more efficacious than peanut oil against acute monocrotaline poisoning in rats. However, additional studies are needed to confirm that these oils have the same effects in cattle and other animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: M-Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008297:Male; D016686:Monocrotaline / Q000506:poisoning / Q000633:toxicity*; D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012715:Sesame Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000074241:Peanut Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D016686:Monocrotaline; D012715:Sesame Oil; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000681:Amylases