title: Evidence of oligodendrogliosis in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinsonism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mice and nonhuman primates administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) represent elective experimental models of Parkinsonism, in which degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway is associated with prominent neuroinflammation, characterized by activated microglia and astrocytes in both substantia nigra (SN) and striatum. To date, it is unknown whether oligodendrocytes play a role in these events.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of oligodendrocyte-associated changes induced by acute and chronic MPTP treatment, in the SN and striatum of mice and macaques respectively. Oligodendrocytes were immunolabelled by cell-specific markers and analysed by confocal microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both experimental models, MPTP treatment induces an increase in oligodendrocyte cell number and average size, as well as in the total area occupied by this cell type per tissue section, accompanied by evident morphological changes. This multifaceted array of changes, herein referred to as oligodendrogliosis, significantly correlates with the reduction in the level of dopaminergic innervation to the striatum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This event, associated with early damage of the dopaminergic neurone axons and of the complex striatal circuits of which they are part, may result in an important, although neglected, aspect in the onset and progression of Parkinsonism.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Annese
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barcia
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ros-Bernal
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Pablos
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández-Villalba
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: De Stefano
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceCentro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, SpainIstituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dip. di Biologia e Biotecnologie 'Charles Darwin'Center for Research in Neurobiology 'Daniel Bovet', Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: M-T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Herrero
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D008251:Macaca; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000166:cytology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology*; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine