title: Effect of water restriction on drinking behaviour and water intake in German black-head mutton sheep and Boer goats.
abstract: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the physiological responses of sheep and goats to water restriction using the deuterium dilution technique (D2O) to predict the total water intake (TWI) in both species. In two consecutive trials, 10 non-lactating Boer goats and 10 non-lactating German black-head mutton ewes were each randomly allocated into a treatment and a control group. In the control groups (n = 5, for each species), water was offered ad libitum, whereas the treatment groups (n = 5, for each species) received water 3 h/day on experimental days 8 to 14 and 6 h every 2 days on experimental days 15 to 22. The respiratory rate, rectal temperature, body mass and drinking behaviour were also recorded. The TWI was estimated by D2O for each animal. Water restriction for 21 h/day or 42 h/2 days had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on water intake (WI), feed intake, WI to dry matter intake ratio or body mass in both species. The absence of differences between species in their WIs was also confirmed using D2O. However, sheep had higher respiratory rates and rectal temperatures than goats in both control and treatment groups. Both species showed the ability to tolerate a moderate water shortage by activating several physiological mechanisms and behavioural strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Göttingen, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Al-Ramamneh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerken
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D017666:Deuterium Oxide; D004326:Drinking / Q000502:physiology*; D004327:Drinking Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000502:physiology*; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D012119:Respiration; D012756:Sheep / Q000502:physiology*; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D017666:Deuterium Oxide