title: Emission and atmospheric transport of particulate PAHs in Northeast Asia.
abstract: The emission, concentration levels, and transboundary transport of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Northeast Asia were investigated using particulate PAH measurements, the newly developed emission inventory (Regional Emission inventory in ASia for Persistent Organic Pollutants version, REAS-POP), and the chemical transport model (Regional Air Quality Model ver2 for POPs version, RAQM2-POP). The simulated concentrations of the nine particulate PAHs agreed well with the measured concentrations, and the results firmly established the efficacy of REAS/RAQM2-POP. It was found that the PAH concentrations in Beijing (China, source region), which were emitted predominantly from domestic coal, domestic biofuel, and other transformations of coal (including coke production), were approximately 2 orders of magnitude greater than those monitored at Noto (Japan, leeward region). In Noto, the PAH concentrations showed seasonal variations; the PAH concentrations were high from winter to spring due to contributions from domestic coal, domestic biofuel, and other transformations of coal, and low in summer. In summer, these contribution were decrease, instead, other sources, such as the on-road mobile source, were relatively increased compared with those in winter. These seasonal variations were due to seasonal variations in emissions from China, as well as transboundary transport across the Asian continent associated with meteorological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Asia Center for Air Pollution Research, 1182, Sowa, Niigatashi, Niigata, 950-2144, Japan. inomata@acap.asia
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inomata
authors.forename: Mizuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kajino
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Toshimasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Jun-Ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Kazuichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohizumi
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akimoto
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000032:analysis*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005202:Asia, Eastern; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons; D035501:Uncertainty
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons