title: Refinements in smile reanimation: 10-year experience with the lengthening Temporalis Myoplasty.
abstract: The lengthening Temporalis Myoplasty (LTM) is an innovative dynamic facial reanimation procedure that has been used to great effect following its conception during the early 1990s by the senior author. Since its first description in the literature the technique has been refined and it has become clear from correspondence that certain technical aspects of the procedure require particular attention to detail. We discuss from experience of more than a hundred cases and highlight not only the important technical aspects of the procedure but also the importance of pre-operative assessment and the avoidance of complications.
authors.affiliation: Queen Victoria Hospital, Holtye Road, East Grinstead, RH19 3DZ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nduka
authors.forename: Marc-James
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hallam
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Labbe
mesh_terms: D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012904:Smiling; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome