title: Abdominal manifestations of extraosseous myeloma:  cross-sectional imaging spectrum.
abstract: Extraosseous myeloma, defined as the myelomatous involvement outside the skeleton system, is rare and often associated with advanced multiple myeloma. There has been a recent increase in the clinicoradiological incidence of this entity, possibly secondary to increased survival of patients and frequent use of imaging. This has led to the development of new clinical staging guidelines for multiple myeloma, which include the use of imaging modalities positron emission tomography/computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for accurate detection and optimal management. The aims of this review were to discuss the significance of identification of extraosseous disease, to describe the spectrum and common sites of extraosseous involvement in the abdomen, and to review the imaging findings of extraosseous myeloma in the abdomen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Philipss@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Shaile
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Philips
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Menias
authors.forename: Raghunandan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vikram
authors.forename: Abhijit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sunnapwar
authors.forename: Srinivasa R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals