title: [The history of medicine in the ancient time].
abstract: This article deals with the history of medicine in the ancient Greece; from the cult of the God Asklepios, to the founder of the scientific rational medicine, Hippokrates. The humoral theory of Hippokrates is explained (the human body consists from four liquids) and his ideal of a physician's approach to a patient is emphasized. In the Hellenistic period the medical development continued in the Alexandria Medical School (Herofilos and Erasistratos). At first, not much attention was given to medicine and scientific health prevention in ancient Rome. Only 293 AD have physicians from Greece first been invited to Rome--e.g. Asklepiades. During the reign of C. lulius Caesar, foreigners, who engaged in medical practice, were granted Roman citizenship and thanks to a number of benefits the medical condition in Roman Empire blossomed. Medical clinics (iatreia), infirmaries (valetudinaria) and, under the influence of Christianity, hospitals were established. In the 2nd century AD ancient medicine reached its climax with physician Galenos, who created the entire system of medical science and became the most significant, but also last medical figure of ancient Rome.
authors.affiliation: Vysoká skola zdravotníctva a sociálnej práce sv. Alzbety v Bratislave. te.drahomira@seznam.cz
authors.forename: Drahomíra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tesarová
mesh_terms: D018436:Ancient Lands; D000076144:Egypt, Ancient; D000076145:Greece, Ancient; D018645:Greek World / Q000266:history*; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D018644:Roman World / Q000266:history*