title: Maturation of mammalian H/ACA box snoRNAs: PAPD5-dependent adenylation and PARN-dependent trimming.
abstract: Small nucleolar and small Cajal body RNAs (snoRNAs and scaRNAs) of the H/ACA box and C/D box type are generated by exonucleolytic shortening of longer precursors. Removal of the last few nucleotides at the 3' end is known to be a distinct step. We report that, in human cells, knock-down of the poly(A) specific ribonuclease (PARN), previously implicated only in mRNA metabolism, causes the accumulation of oligoadenylated processing intermediates of H/ACA box but not C/D box RNAs. In agreement with a role of PARN in snoRNA and scaRNA processing, the enzyme is concentrated in nucleoli and Cajal bodies. Oligo(A) tails are attached to a short stub of intron sequence remaining beyond the mature 3' end of the snoRNAs. The noncanonical poly(A) polymerase PAPD5 is responsible for addition of the oligo(A) tails. We suggest that deadenylation is coupled to clean 3' end trimming, which might serve to enhance snoRNA stability.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Berndt
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harnisch
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rammelt
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stöhr
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zirkel
authors.forename: Juliane C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Dohm
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Himmelbauer
authors.forename: Joao-Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Tavanez
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hüttelmaier
authors.forename: Elmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wahle
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002384:Catalysis; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism; D020541:Coiled Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D005095:Exoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D063326:Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D059372:Nucleotide Motifs; D026723:Polyadenylation; D021381:Protein Transport; D017393:RNA Editing; D012316:RNA Nucleotidyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020537:RNA, Small Nucleolar / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005095:Exoribonucleases; D063326:Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012316:RNA Nucleotidyltransferases; D020537:RNA, Small Nucleolar; C567954:TENT4B protein, human; C077044:EXOSC10 protein, human