title: Are Mexican agricultural farmlands PCDD/F soil reservoirs?
abstract: Our aim was to identify polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDFs) in agricultural farmland soils in the Northwest of Mexico. We obtained ≈50 g of soil in five Yaqui Valley (VY) agricultural fields in the north-western Mexican State of Sonora and in five Culiacán Valley (VC) agricultural fields in the north-western Mexican State of Sinaloa. Fields with minimal tillage, with ferti-irrigation, and those with intensive aerial and manual tillage were included. All soil samples were subjected to the chemical activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX(®)) test to determine PCDD/F. On average, samples contained 4.2 ± 1.2 PCDD/F ppt TEQ; VY soil samples contained 4.72 ± 1.23 PCDD/F ppt TEQ, while VC soil samples showed 3.6 ± 1.1 PCDD/F ppt TEQ (p = 0.47). On considering tillage-type, in agricultural fields catalogued as intensive tillage, PCDD/F concentrations were 4.40 ± 0.43 in agricultural fields catalogued as intensive tillage, while in farmlands of another tillage-type these concentrations were slightly higher (5.53 ± 0.8).
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico. luisharo2@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haro-García
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villa-Ibarra
authors.forename: Teresita de Jesús
authors.initials: Tde J
authors.lastname: Chaín-Castro
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lastra-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Cuauhtémoc Arturo
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Juárez-Pérez
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Madrid
authors.forename: Vanessa Crystal
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Escalante
authors.forename: Olga Rosa
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Brito-Zurita
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008800:Mexico; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants