title: Effects of variation in retinol binding protein 4 gene and adipose specific expression of gestational diabetes in Beijing, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical features of GDM in China and the effects of RBP4 genetic variants, and also to identify RBP4 expression changes in mRNA and protein levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  1595 Chinese pregnant women were included in this study. Four known RBP4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 505 cases and 687 controls. Expression levels of adipose specific RBP4 mRNA and protein were detected in 41 samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated indices of insulin resistance were gradually increased from NGT, GIGT to GDM. Two single SNPs were associated with GDM (rs3758539 G vs A, OR=1.446, P=0.009; rs3758539 GG vs AG+AA, OR=1.532, P=0.006; rs12265684C vs G, OR=1.296, P=0.038) and a haplotype of 3 common SNPs [G-G-T] was increased in subjects with GDM and GIGT (OR=1.322, 95% CI 1.054-1.659, P=0.016). RBP4 mRNA expression in adipose tissue of GDM patients was significantly increased in comparison to control subjects (1.438 ± 0.187 vs 1.034 ± 0.062, p=0.025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding suggests that impaired insulin sensitivity has an early onset in mild gestational intolerance. Two single SNPs were associated with GDM in the case-control study while a haplotype of 3 common SNPs [G-G-T] was increased in glucose intolerance subjects.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: Hong-ding
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun-tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Yuan-chi
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hui
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C101326:RBP4 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma