title: Marker residue determination of tritium-labeled ivermectin in the muscle of aquacultured largemouth bass, hybrid striped bass, and yellow perch following oral treatment.
abstract: The residue depletion profiles of tritium-labeled ivermectin and its metabolites in the muscle of aquacultured largemouth bass (LMB), hybrid striped bass (HSB), and yellow perch (YP) following oral treatment are reported. Fish were administered ³H-ivermectin at the dose level of 0.1 mg/kg body weight (7-9 μCi) in a gel capsule via stomach tube. At each postdose withdrawal time, six fish of each species were sedated with buffered MS-222 and blood samples taken. Fish were then euthanized, and fillets with adhering skin (scales removed) and bile samples were collected. The muscle fillets were homogenized in dry ice to a fine powder. Aliquots of tissue, plasma, and bile were assayed for total radioactive residue (TRR). The homogenized muscle was extracted in acetonitrile or methanol followed by high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis to determine the presence of parent ivermectin and its potential metabolites. The highest TRR concentrations (ivermectin equivalents) of 53, 45, and 44 ng/g (ppb) were obtained on postdose day 1 for HSB, LMB, and YP, respectively. The TRR depleted most slowly in HSB to 25 ppb at day 91, followed by YP to 19 ppb at day 42 and then by LMB to 22 ppb at day 35. The total residue of ivermectin and its metabolites by HPLC analysis followed the same depletion pattern in the three species. Additionally, the depletion rate of TRR of ³H-ivermectin in the three species followed the pattern bile > plasma > muscle. The results further indicate that one of the polar metabolites of ivermectin could serve as a potential marker residue as an indication of use, rather than the parent ivermectin.
authors.affiliation: Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, Maryland 20708, United States. badaruddin.shaikh@fda.hhs.gov
authors.forename: Badar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rummel
authors.forename: Donglei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gieseker
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hasbrouck
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reimschuessel
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001492:Bass / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010471:Perches / Q000378:metabolism*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D014316:Tritium; D007559:Ivermectin