title: Analysis of pork adulteration in commercial meatballs targeting porcine-specific mitochondrial cytochrome b gene by TaqMan probe real-time polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: A test for assessing pork adulteration in meatballs, using TaqMan probe real-time polymerase chain reaction, was developed. The assay combined porcine-specific primers and TaqMan probe for the detection of a 109 bp fragment of porcine cytochrome b gene. Specificity test with 10 ng DNA of eleven different species yielded a threshold cycle (Ct) of 15.5 ± 0.20 for the pork and negative results for the others. Analysis of beef meatballs with spiked pork showed the assay can determine 100-0.01% contaminated pork with 102% PCR efficiency, high linear regression (r(2) = 0.994) and ≤ 6% relative errors. Residuals analysis revealed a high precision in all determinations. Random analysis of commercial meatballs from pork, beef, chicken, mutton and goat, yielded a Ct between 15.89 ± 0.16 and 16.37 ± 0.22 from pork meatballs and negative results from the others, showing the suitability of the assay to determine pork in commercial meatballs with a high accuracy and precision.
authors.affiliation: Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Center, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. eaqubali@gmail.com
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hashim
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Che Man
authors.forename: Th S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Dhahi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kashif
authors.forename: Md Kamal
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Uddin
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Abd Hamid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics*; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D058751:Livestock / Q000235:genetics; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D045303:Cytochromes b