title: Association between cardiac function and pulmonary function in hypertensive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the association between cardiac function and pulmonary function in hypertensive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hypertensive patients without overt cardiovascular disease were enrolled (n=43; mean±SD age 71±9 years). Pulmonary function was measured by the percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC) and the ratio of 1 s forced expiratory volume (FEV1) to FVC (FEV1/FVC ratio). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the ratio of peak early diastolic transmitral flow (E) to peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e') (E/e' ratio) were assessed using echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that E/e' was independently associated with %FVC and that LVEF was independently associated with FEV1/FVC ratio. Both LVEF and FEV1/FVC ratio were significantly lower in hypertensive former or current smokers than in hypertensive never smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subclinical cardiac dysfunction was independently associated with reduced pulmonary function in hypertensive patients. Hypertensive patients with decreased pulmonary function may need preventive care to prevent the progression of heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan. masugata@med.kagawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masugata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Senda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inukai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Himoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosomi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016014:Linear Models; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012907:Smoking; D014463:Ultrasonography