title: The reliability of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) - generated frontal cephalograms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of measurements from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated frontal cephalogram.
  
  
  METHODS
  CBCT and conventional posteroanterior (PA) cephalograms were taken from 30 adult patients. CBCT image was set according to the Frankfurt-Horizontal (FH) plane as the horizontal plane and the midsagittal reference (MSR) plane. The CBCT frontal cephalograms were generated using the orthogonal Raycast method (group CT(raycast)), the orthogonal maximum intensity projection (MIP) method (group CT(MIP)) after the head reorientation according to the reference planes, and the generator tool provided by the employed 3-dimensional (3D) imaging software (group CT(generator)), respectively. The differences between the CBCT-generated frontal cephalograms and conventional PA cephalograms (group PA(ceph)) were compared by paired t-test (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The significant differences were shown in two measurements for group CT(raycast), in 12 measurements for group CT(MIP), and in eight measurements for group CT(generator). It was confirmed that the CBCT frontal cephalograms, generated by means of the Raycast method (Group CT(raycast)), were more comparable to the conventional PA cephalograms in their measurements than were the others (Groups CT(MIP), CT(generator)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study may well suggest that frontal cephalograms derived by 3D CBCT reorientation can be effectively employed in clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: So-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soo-Byung
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yong-Il
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bong-Hae
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Dae-Seok
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008963:Molar / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009295:Nasal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D015588:Observer Variation; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014716:Vertical Dimension; D055815:Young Adult; D015050:Zygoma / Q000033:anatomy & histology