title: Intestinal fatty acid infusion modulates food preference as well as calorie intake via the vagal nerve and midbrain-hypothalamic neural pathways in rats.
abstract: The intestine plays important roles in the regulation of feeding behavior by sensing macronutrients. Intestinal fatty acids strongly suppress food intake, but little is known about whether intestinal fatty acids affect food preference. We investigated the effects of jejunal fatty acids infusion on food preference by conducting two-diet choice experiments in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD). Jejunal linoleic acid (18:2) infusion reduced HFD intake dose-dependently, while HCD intake increased with the middle dose of the infusion we examined (100 μL/h) and reduced to the control level with the higher doses (150 and 200 μL/h). α-Linolenic acid (18:3), but not caprylic acid (8:0), altered the food preference and total calorie intake in the same manner as linoleic acid. Linoleic acid infusion dose-dependently increased plasma glucagon-like peptide-1, peptide YY and cholecystokinin levels, but not ghrelin levels. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or midbrain transection prevented the change in food preference and total calorie intake by linoleic acid infusion. Jejunal linoleic acid infusion increased norepinephrine turnover in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, while intracerebroventricular injection of idazoxan, an α2-adrenergic receptor (AR) antagonist, suppressed the increased HCD intake, but did not affect the decreased HFD intake. These findings indicated that intestinal long-chain fatty acids modulated food preference as well as total calorie intake via the vagal nerve and midbrain-hypothalamic neural pathways. The effects of the α2-AR antagonist in the brain suggested that the brain distinctly controlled HCD and HFD intake in response to jejunal linoleic acid infusion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiuchi
authors.forename: Shiki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Korekiyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakitani
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minokoshi
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazato
mesh_terms: D058669:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002210:Caprylates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects*; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000187:drug effects*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D019329:Idazoxan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D007583:Jejunum; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D010286:Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D014628:Vagotomy; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D058669:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; D002210:Caprylates; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D054439:Ghrelin; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D019894:Peptide YY; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D019787:Linoleic Acid; C031492:octanoic acid; D009638:Norepinephrine; D019329:Idazoxan