title: Cochlear implantation in children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection accompanied by psycho-neurological disorders.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Cochlear implantation was effective for deaf children with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, but their cochlear implant (CI) outcomes were often impaired, depending on the types of CMV-associated psycho-neurological disorders. Evaluation of cognitive development and autistic tendency of implantees might be useful to predict their CI outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To reveal the influence of CMV-associated psycho-neurological disorders on CI outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective evaluation of 11 implantees with congenital CMV infection (CMV-CIs) and 14 implantees with autosomal recessive hearing loss (genetic-CIs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine of 11 CMV-CIs suffered from psycho-neurological disorders; one from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, two from pervasive developmental disorder, and six from mental retardation. Aided hearing thresholds with CIs in the two groups did not differ, but two autistic and two mentally retarded CMV-CIs showed significantly low scores in speech discrimination tests. Language-Social (L-S) developmental quotients (DQs) evaluated by the Kyoto Scale of Psychological development were improved after the implantation in both groups, but the postoperative increase of L-S DQs was significantly smaller in the CMV-CIs than that of genetic-CIs. Interestingly, the postoperative L-S and Cognitive-Adaptive (C-A) DQs showed statistically significant correlation in all cases except for two autistic CMV-CIs whose L-S DQs were much lower than those expected from their C-A DQs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Rinko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Saburo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moroto
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Juichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naito
mesh_terms: D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D003638:Deafness / Q000151:congenital* / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies