title: A novel vaccine combined with an alum adjuvant for porcine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV)-induced reproductive failure in pregnant sows.
abstract: To evaluate a novel vaccine for porcine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), which causes reproductive failure in pregnant sows, virus like particles (VLPs) were generated and immunized twice in 2 week intervals before sow mating. Sows were divided into 4 groups (n=4, per group). Group 1 was immunized with the alum adjuvant alone, Group 2 with VLPs alone, Group 3 with VLPs mixed alum adjuvant, and Group 4 with a commercial killed vaccine. In Group 2, seroconversion was observed at very low levels, while in Group 3, neutralizing antibodies were maintained at a high level until 30 days after farrowing. Similar levels neutralizing antibodies were observed in Group 4. The gestation period of the pregnant sows was on average 115 days, and no injection site reaction or side effects were observed. The mean temperature of the sows after immunization increased temporarily to 38.7-39.1 °C for 1 day. The numbers and weights of surviving piglets were similar among the groups. These data describe a novel EMCV vaccine composed of VLPs mixed with an alum adjuvant that is safe to use during sow gestation and induces and maintains high levels of seroconversion. This vaccine could thus be a candidate for protecting against EMCV induced reproductive failure in pig farms.
authors.affiliation: Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, Anyang, Gyeonggi-Do, 430-824, Republic of Korea; Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, 1370 San-Kyuk-Dong, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jeoung
authors.forename: Bo-Hye
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: WooSeog
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Myoung-Heon
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Won-Ha
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong-Jun
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000534:Alum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018188:Cardiovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D004686:Encephalomyocarditis virus / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D011247:Pregnancy; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000534:Alum Compounds; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines