title: Condyle and mandibular bone change after unilateral condylar neck fracture in growing rats.
abstract: Unilateral fracture of the condylar neck in immature subjects might lead to mandible asymmetry and condyle remodelling. A rat model was used to investigate mandibular deviation and condylar remodelling associated with condyle fracture. 72 4-week-old male rats were randomly divided into three groups: an experimental group (unilateral transverse condylar fracture induced surgically), a sham operation group (surgical exposure but no fracture), and a non-operative control group (no operation). The rats were killed at intervals up to 9weeks after surgery, and outcomes were assessed using various measures of mandible deviation, histological and X-ray observation, and immunohistochemical measures of expression levels of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and type II collagen (Col II). The fracture led to the degeneration of mandibular size, associated with atrophy of fractured condylar process. Progressive remodelling of cartilage and increasing expression levels of CTGF and Col II were found. The authors conclude that condylar fracture can lead to asymmetries in mandible and condyle remodelling and expression of CTGF and Col II in condylar cartilage on both the ipsilateral and the contralateral sides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650031, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: H-f
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J-z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y-w
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000254:growth & development; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000032:analysis; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000209:etiology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology*; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000293:injuries*; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C526316:CCN2 protein, rat; D024043:Collagen Type II; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor