title: Elevated serum synuclein-gamma in patients with gastrointestinal and esophageal carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to evaluate whether elevated serum synuclein-gamma levels were of clinical significance as a serological marker in cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre-treatment serum synuclein-gamma levels of patients with gastrointestinal and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas, benign disease and healthy controls were analyzed by a specific sandwich ELISA for synuclein-gamma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant differences in serum synuclein-gamma levels between patients with colo rectal cancer, gastric adenocarcinomas, esophageal cancer and healthy individuals were observed (p<0.001). When a cut-off value for synuclein-gamma was determined at ≥4 ng/mL by receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity were 16.4% and 97.7% in colorectal cancer, 23.0% and 99.3% in gastric adenocarcinomas, and 19.5% and 98.7% in esophageal cancer, respectively. Compared with carcinoembryonic antigen and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, synuclein-gamma was more sensitive in early detection of colorectal cancer (17.3% vs. 9.6% and 7.5%), gastric adenocarcinomas (20.6% vs. 0% and 3.2%) and esophageal cancer (22.2% vs. 3.4% and 0%), respectively. A combined analysis of the above markers yielded incremental positive rates compared with anyone alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicated that serum synuclein-gamma provided a promising diagnostic biomarker for early detection and was a complementary biomarker of carcinoembryonic antigen and/or CA19-9 in gastrointestinal and esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Caiyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Huachong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Like
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Chengchao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shou
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult; D051845:gamma-Synuclein / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C104249:SNCG protein, human; D051845:gamma-Synuclein