title: A framework for the development of guidelines for the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
abstract: This paper provides a framework for the development of national guidelines for the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in men and women aged 18 years and over in whom oral glucocorticoid therapy is considered for 3 months or longer.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The need for updated guidelines for Europe and other parts of the world was recognised by the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the European Calcified Tissue Society, which set up a joint Guideline Working Group at the end of 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The epidemiology of GIO is reviewed. Assessment of risk used a fracture probability-based approach, and intervention thresholds were based on 10-year probabilities using FRAX. The efficacy of intervention was assessed by a systematic review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Guidance for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is updated in the light of new treatments and methods of assessment. National guidelines derived from this resource need to be tailored within the national healthcare framework of each country.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, Galle, Sri Lanka.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lekamwasam
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Agnusdei
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bilezikian
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boonen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borgström
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diez Perez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eastell
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Hofbauer
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kanis
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Langdahl
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lesnyak
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lorenc
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McCloskey
authors.forename: O D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Napoli
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Obermayer-Pietsch
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ralston
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Sambrook
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sosa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stepan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Suppan
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wahl
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Compston
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids