title: Chylous ascites complicating pediatric renal transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chylous ascites (CA) is an unusual complication of pediatric abdominal surgery which can be difficult to manage. Little data are available to guide therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe the presentation, clinical course and management of two patients, a 7-year-old boy and 2.5-year-old girl, who experienced CA following intraperitoneal renal transplantation. Both cases failed medical management, and the patients required surgical intervention. One required a peritoneovenous shunt while the other required an external abdominal drain. Both patients eventually experienced resolution of the CA and excellent long-term renal function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These case descriptions highlight the challenges of optimizing nutrition while controlling chylous output. We also review some of the risk factors associated with CA and draw attention to the consideration of this diagnosis in any renal transplant recipient with post-operative abdominal distention and ascites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory Children's Center, 5th Floor, 2015 Uppergate Drive NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. sandeepriar.md@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riar
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Warshaw
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amaral
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002915:Chylous Ascites / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male