title: Degradation of terpenes and terpenoids from Mediterranean rangelands by mixed rumen bacteria in vitro.
abstract: This in vitro study aimed at estimating the disappearance rates of 14 terpenes and terpenoids after 24-h incubation with mixed bacteria from caprine rumens. These compounds comprised nine monoterpene hydrocarbons (δ-3-carene, p-cymene, β-myrcene, (E)- and (Z)-β-ocimene, α-phellandrene, α-terpinene, γ-terpinene and α-terpinolene), four oxygenated monoterpenes ((E)- and (Z)-linalool oxide, 4-terpinenol, α + γ terpineol) and one sesquiterpene hydrocarbon (β-cedrene). They were individually exposed to goat rumen microflora for 24 h in 70 ml culture tubes at an input level of 0.5 ml/l. Terpenoids were the least degraded, 100% of (E)-linalool oxide, 95% of (Z)-linalool oxide, 91% of 4-terpinenol and 75% of terpineol remained intact after 24-h incubation. In contrast, α-terpinolene concentration in fermentation broth extracts was below quantification limit, thus indicating an extensive, if not complete, degradation by rumen bacteria. Only 2% of the initial amounts of α-phellandrene were recovered. The other monoterpenes and β-cedrene were partly degraded, with losses ranging from 67% for δ-3-carene to 90% for (E)-β-ocimene. The corresponding rates of disappearance were between 2.67 and 4.08 μmol/ml inoculum per day.
authors.affiliation: INRA, UMR 791 Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, 16 rue Claude Bernard, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malecky
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Albarello
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Broudiscou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion / Q000502:physiology; D006041:Goats / Q000382:microbiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D013729:Terpenes