title: A self-referencing intensity based polymer optical fiber sensor for liquid detection.
abstract: A novel self-referencing fiber optic intensity sensor based on bending losses of a partially polished polymer optical fiber (POF) coupler is presented. The coupling ratio (K) depends on the external liquid in which the sensor is immersed. It is possible to distinguish between different liquids and to detect their presence. Experimental results for the most usual liquids found in industry, like water and oil, are given. K value increases up to 10% from the nominal value depending on the liquid. Sensor temperature dependence has also been studied for a range from 25 °C (environmental condition) to 50 °C. Any sector requiring liquid level measurements in flammable atmospheres can benefit from this intrinsically safe technology.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Tecnología Electrónica, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganés, 28911, Madrid, Spain; E-Mail:  cvazquez@ing.uc3m.es  (C.V.).
authors.forename: David Sánchez
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Möllers
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arrúe
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jäger