title: Basidiome formation of an edible wild, putatively ectomycorrhizal fungus, Phlebopus portentosus without host plant.
abstract: Phlebopus portentosus is a popular wild edible ectomycorrhizal fungus in northern Thailand. In general ectomycorrhizal fungi produce basidiomes when associated with a host plant. In this paper mycelium growth and basidiome production of P. portentosus were examined in pure culture both in vitro and in pot-culture experiments. Five mycelial strains of P. portentosus were isolated from basidiomes and used in the experiments. The mycelia grew fastest on sorghum grains supplemented with fungal-host solution. The mycelia produced sclerotia-like structures after 3 wk incubation in darkness at 30 C. All strains of P. portentosus had the ability to form primordia. The primordia were formed under lowered temperature, high humidity and a 12 h photo-period. They developed to mature basidiomes after 8-12 d in in vitro. In the pot-culture primordia were found after 28-35 d incubation in the greenhouse and mature basidiomes released basidiospores within 6-8 d. Basidiospores were germinated on fungal-host medium and formed mycelial colonies. This fungus showed an ability to produce basidiomes even 2 y after the original isolation from tissues. This research provides valuable information concerning the techniques and protocols for the large scale commercial production of P. portentosus basidiomes in the absence of a host plant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Jaturong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kumla
authors.forename: Boonsom
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bussaban
authors.forename: Nakarin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suwannarach
authors.forename: Saisamorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lumyong
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Danell
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003470:Culture Media; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003624:Darkness; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D025282:Mycelium / Q000254:growth & development; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D045868:Sorghum / Q000382:microbiology; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000254:growth & development; D013785:Thailand; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer