title: Osteoinduction in the palatal submucosa by injecting BMP-2 on 2 different carriers.
abstract: In this work, we investigated the ability of injected recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on brushite cement (a β-tricalcium phosphate-based biomaterial) and collagen gel as carriers to induce osteogenic differentiation in the palatal submucosa of 10-day-old rats. This was part of a broader study aiming to create bone in the palatal submucosa at cleft palate edges in the search for a minimally invasive treatment. Thirteen treated animals, 7 with rhBMP-2/brushite cement and 6 with rhBMP-2/collagen gel, were injected with 5 to 10 μL of each biomaterial in the right palatal submucosa at the level between the second and third rugae. The contralateral site was uninjected and served as the control. Six weeks after injection, both brushite cement and collagen gel were histologically unrecognizable in all treated animals. New bone structures such as ossicles of woven bone were not detected. However, an augmentation in the thickness of the palatal fibromucosa was observed at the injection site of all palates. In addition, immunolabeling for osteopontin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and TUNEL revealed intense osteogenic induction at the injection site with both constructs, which was negative in the control site from the same specimens; no differences regarding cell proliferation and death were observed. The present study confirms the feasibility of generating osteogenic cells in the palatal submucosa by injecting low doses of rhBMP-2 in these 2 biomaterials, together with their inability to form bone.
authors.affiliation: Servicio Aragonés de Salud, Atención Primaria, Sector Zaragoza III, Tarazona, Spain. emartinezsa@salud.aragon.es
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez-Sanz
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Alkhraisat
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paradas
authors.forename: Yamila
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Estela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: González-Meli
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berenguer
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López-Cabarcos
authors.forename: Ma Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martínez-Álvarez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007267:Injections; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000601:surgery*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C498114:CosmoDerm; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; D003094:Collagen; C494366:calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate