title: Plasma lipoproteins and preeclampsia in women with type 1 diabetes: a prospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In nondiabetic pregnancy, cross-sectional studies have shown associations between maternal dyslipidemia and preeclampsia (PE). In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the prevalence of PE is increased 4-fold, but prospective associations with plasma lipoproteins are unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to define lipoprotein-related markers and potential mechanisms for PE in T1DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a multicenter prospective study in T1DM pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 118 T1DM women (26 developed PE, 92 remained normotensive). Subjects were studied at three visits before PE onset [12.2 ± 1.9, 21.6 ± 1.5, and 31.5 ± 1.7 wk gestation (means ± SD)] and at term (37.6 ± 2.0 wk). Nondiabetic normotensive pregnant women (n = 21) were included for reference.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conventional lipid profiles, lipoprotein subclasses [defined by size (nuclear magnetic resonance) and by apolipoprotein content], serum apolipoproteins (ApoAI, ApoB, and ApoCIII), and lipolysis (ApoCIII ratio) were measured in T1DM women with and without subsequent PE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In women with vs. without subsequent PE, at the first and/or second study visits: low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, particle concentrations of total LDL and large (but not small) LDL, serum ApoB, and ApoB:ApoAI ratio were all increased (P < 0.05); peripheral lipoprotein lipolysis was decreased (P < 0.01). These early differences remained significant in covariate analysis (glycated hemoglobin, actual prandial status, gravidity, body mass index, and diabetes duration) but were not present at the third study visit. High-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein subclasses did not differ between groups before PE onset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early in pregnancy, increased cholesterol-rich lipoproteins and an index suggesting decreased peripheral lipolysis were associated with subsequent PE in T1DM women. Background maternal lipoprotein characteristics, perhaps masked by effects of late pregnancy, may influence PE risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Arpita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.forename: Petar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alaupovic
authors.forename: Mingyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Alicia J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Yongxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Alison J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nankervis
authors.forename: Kristian F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Hanssen
authors.forename: Hanne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: Tore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Henriksen
authors.forename: Bjørg
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lorentzen
authors.forename: Torun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.forename: Satish K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: M Kathryn
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Menard
authors.forename: Samar M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hammad
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Scardo
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: Azar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dashti
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Aston
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lyons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008074:Lipoproteins