title: Further insights into chemical characterization through GC-MS and evaluation for anticancer potential of Dracaena draco leaf and fruit extracts.
abstract: The present study reports for the first time the amino acid and fatty acid compositions and the antitumoral activity of aqueous extracts obtained from Dracaena draco L. leaf and fruit. Metabolite profiles were determined by gas chromatography-ion trap-mass spectrometry (GC-IT-MS), with several amino acids, palmitic, linolenic and stearic acid being identified in the leaf extract, and only proline, oleic and stearic acid in the fruit extract. The in vitro antiproliferative activities of the extracts were tested against human colon (Caco-2), kidney (A-498), and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. In addition, primary cultures of normal and cancerous renal cells derived from kidney cancer patients were treated with D. draco extracts (0-400 μg/mL). Antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects were determined by the MTT assay. D. draco extracts inhibited proliferation of human colon and renal tumor cells in vitro, whereas no or weak effect was observed in HepG2 cells. Compared to the fruit extract, D. draco leaf extract exhibited stronger antiproliferative activity against all cancer cells. Our results indicate that D. draco, particularly the leaf, may be useful as a cancer chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic agent for colon and kidney cancers.
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Maria João
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.forename: Paula Guedes
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: de Pinho
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Henrique
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Márcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D031409:Dracaena / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts