title: Levels, isomer profiles and chiral signatures of particle-bound hexabromocyclododecanes in ambient air around Shanghai, China.
abstract: Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) have been considered candidate persistent organic pollutants, however, environmental data on their presence in China, a major world market, are limited. In this study, airborne particle-bound HBCDs in Shanghai, China were quantified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and their total concentrations varied from 3.21 to 123 pg/m(3). The industrial area showed about three times higher HBCD levels than the urban areas. Gamma-HBCD dominated in particle-associated HBCDs in the industrial area, while α-HBCD was the major diastereomer of the urban areas, which is quite different from the pattern of technical products. Besides α-, β- and γ-HBCDs, δ-HBCD was also detected in all samples (0.09-6.31 pg/m(3)), while no ɛ-HBCD was found. Airborne β- and γ-HBCDs were racemic in most studied areas due to their chiral signatures showing no significant difference from commercial mixture. Fractions of (+)-α-HBCD (0.417-0.467), however, suggested the enrichment of (-)-α-HBCD and the involvement of enantioselective bioprocesses.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment and Resources, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China. huiruli@gig.ac.cn
authors.forename: Huiru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ligui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Guoying
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Jiamo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane