title: Hereditary and acquired complement component 1 esterase inhibitor deficiency: a review for the hematologist.
abstract: Hereditary angioedema (HAE), a rare autosomal dominant disorder, was first described in the late 19th century. The disease remained poorly understood and without therapeutic options until the latter half of the 20th century. Advances in the understanding of immunologic and hematologic pathways have shed light on HAE, a disease characterized by painful and unpredictable recurrent attacks of nonpitting edema without urticaria. Recognition that a deficiency of complement component 1 (C1) esterase inhibitor leads to overproduction of vasoactive kinins that cause angioedema paved the way for the development of early treatments. Increased understanding of the role of bradykinin in hereditary and acquired forms of C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency has led to the development of more targeted treatments for this painful, debilitating and potentially life-threatening disease.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche L. Sacco, Università di Milano, Ospedale L. Sacco Milano, Milan, Italy. marco.cicardi@unimi.it
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cicardi
authors.forename: Douglas T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D000799:Angioedema / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000097:blood; D003167:Complement Activation; D050718:Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056829:Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D050718:Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein; D001920:Bradykinin