title: Mucormycosis in organ and stem cell transplant recipients.
abstract: Mucormycosis is a devastating invasive fungal disease whose incidence has increased during the past decade. Mucormycosis now represents a major threat in transplant recipients, accounting for 2% and 8% of invasive fungal infections in recent cohorts of solid-organ and allogeneic stem-cell transplant recipients, respectively. Mucormycosis most often occurs late, >3 months after transplantation, although cases occurring early have been observed, especially among liver transplant recipients and in cases of graft-transmitted infection. Recent guidelines have emphasized the direct examination of the involved fluid or tissue and culture from a sterile site as the most appropriate diagnostic strategy and the use of lipid formulations of amphotericin B and major surgery when feasible as the most appropriate first-line therapeutic strategy for mucormycosis in organ and stem cell transplant recipients.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'lnfectiologie Necker-Pasteur, Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lanternier
authors.forename: Hsin-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ribaud
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Dimitrios P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Kontoyiannis
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lortholary
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D015994:Incidence; D009090:Mucorales / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D014180:Transplantation
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B