title: Statistical methodological issues in handling of fatty acid data: percentage or concentration, imputation and indices.
abstract: Basic aspects in the handling of fatty acid-data have remained largely underexposed. Of these, we aimed to address three statistical methodological issues, by quantitatively exemplifying their imminent confounding impact on analytical outcomes: (1) presenting results as relative percentages or absolute concentrations, (2) handling of missing/non-detectable values, and (3) using structural indices for data-reduction. Therefore, we reanalyzed an example dataset containing erythrocyte fatty acid-concentrations of 137 recurrently depressed patients and 73 controls. First, correlations between data presented as percentages and concentrations varied for different fatty acids, depending on their correlation with the total fatty acid-concentration. Second, multiple imputation of non-detects resulted in differences in significance compared to zero-substitution or omission of non-detects. Third, patients' chain length-, unsaturation-, and peroxidation-indices were significantly lower compared to controls, which corresponded with patterns interpreted from individual fatty acid tests. In conclusion, results from our example dataset show that statistical methodological choices can have a significant influence on outcomes of fatty acid analysis, which emphasizes the relevance of: (1) hypothesis-based fatty acid-presentation (percentages or concentrations), (2) multiple imputation, preventing bias introduced by non-detects; and (3) the possibility of using (structural) indices, to delineate fatty acid-patterns thereby preventing multiple testing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands. R.J.Mocking@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: Roel J T
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mocking
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Assies
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lok
authors.forename: Henricus G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Ruhé
authors.forename: Maarten W J
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Koeter
authors.forename: Ieke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: Claudi L H
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bockting
authors.forename: Aart H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Schene
mesh_terms: D056808:Biostatistics / Q000379:methods*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids