title: The new era of cardiac surgery: hybrid therapy for cardiovascular disease.
abstract: Surgical therapy for cardiovascular disease carries excellent long-term outcomes but it is relatively invasive. With the development of new devices and techniques, modern cardiovascular surgery is trending toward less invasive approaches, especially for patients at high risk for traditional open heart surgery. A hybrid strategy combines traditional surgical treatments performed in the operating room with treatments traditionally available only in the catheterization laboratory with the goal of offering patients the best available therapy for any set of cardiovascular diseases. Examples of hybrid procedures include hybrid coronary artery bypass grafting, hybrid valve surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention, hybrid endocardial and epicardial atrial fibrillation procedures, and hybrid coronary artery bypass grafting/carotid artery stenting. This multidisciplinary approach requires strong collaboration between cardiac surgeons, vascular surgeons, and interventional cardiologists to obtain optimal patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN USA.
authors.forename: Natalia V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Solenkova
authors.forename: Ramanan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Umakanthan
authors.forename: Marzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leacche
authors.forename: David X
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Byrne