title: Effect of calcium citrate on bone integration in a rabbit femur defect model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore effect of calcium citrate on bone integration in a rabbit femur defect model, and to compare the bone formation with different sizes by radiological and histological study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (Group A, B, C) in this study. Under anesthesia, defects of four sizes (1.2, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mm) were created in each of the rabbits. Commercially pure calcium citrate powder was placed inside the medullary compartment of the femur (Experimental), while in the contralateral femur (Control) nothing was implanted. The defects were analyzed using radiography and histological analysis by using Imagepro-Plus 6.0 software after animal was sacrificed at 4th(Group A), 6th(Group B) and 8th(Group C) weeks postoperatively. Four samples were analyzed for each size of defect and each healing period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The histological and the radiologic evaluation were performed after sacrification of all rabbits on postoperative 4th and 6th weeks, It showed significant difference between the experimental group and the control group when these defects were less than or equal to 2.0 mm. No statistical difference was observed when these defects were larger than 2.0 mm at all healing periods except at the 4th week.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcium citrate affects the early periods of bone defects healing mechanism in Japanese white rabbits positively, especially when the defect is not too large. We suggest further studies on calcium citrate to determine the effects of various dosages, administration ways and the experimental time on the bone defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College,109 Xue Yuan Xi Road, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-Yu
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhong-Qin
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shao-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Dong-Quan
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.forename: Xiao-Zhou
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Xiao-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Peng-Fei
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Xiu-Cui
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ferdinand An
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rompis
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhong-Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D019355:Calcium Citrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D011897:Random Allocation; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D019355:Calcium Citrate