title: A medicinal plant extract of Scutellaria Baicalensis and Acacia catechu reduced LPS-stimulated gene expression in immune cells: a comprehensive genomic study using QPCR, ELISA, and microarray.
abstract: A standardized, combined flavonoid extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis and Acacia catechu, UP446, demonstrates favorable anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, DNA microarray, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to study the effect of UP446 on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory gene regulation of both animal and human immortalized cell lines and also primary human cells. One consistent result from microarray was that the gene expression levels stimulated or suppressed by LPS were returned to normal levels by the UP446 co-treatment. This normalization effect from UP446 was also shown for pro-inflammatory genes cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tissue necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 using QPCR, and TNF-α using ELISA. The controlling transcriptional factor of these genes, NFκB, was also down-regulated by UP446 in the LPS-induced cell models. Microarray analysis for numerous genes, including cytokines, chemokines, receptors, transcriptional factors, caspase, growth factors, and phosphatases, suggests not only a genomic anti-inflammatory activity for UP446 but also signaling pathways of cell proliferation, cell death, and lipid metabolism demonstrated on different types of cells.
authors.affiliation: Unigen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lacey, Washington 98516, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tseng-Crank
authors.forename: Sookyung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.forename: Dae-Ryoung
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sung-Sick
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Woo
mesh_terms: D000045:Acacia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death; D002460:Cell Line / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012015:Reference Standards; D031364:Scutellaria baicalensis / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007378:Interleukins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; C499814:Scutellaria baicalensis extract; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha