title: Minimally invasive interventional therapy for Tarlov cysts causing symptoms of interstitial cystitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tarlov cysts (TC) are present in 4.6% of the population and represent a potential source of chronic pain. When present at lumbosacral levels, symptoms are classically described as perineal pain/pressure, radiculopathy, and headache. Treatment outlined to date primarily includes cyst drainage with fibrin glue sealant and surgical interventions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We present 2 cases in which TC presented with signs and symptomatology consistent with interstitial cystitis who were treated with caudal epidural steroid injections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with urinary bladder pain and urgency received urological workups demonstrating hallmark features of interstitial cystitis including cystoscopic evidence of glomerulations. Radiographic imaging identified TC to be present on sacral nerve roots. Since pelvic pains could represent compressive radiculopathy of sacral roots, a cautious trial of minimally invasive caudal epidural steroid injections was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both patients attained nearly 100% relief of pain for a period ranging from 6 months to 2 years following low volume, targeted caudal epidural steroid injection. They continue to be followed clinically and continue to report benefit with this treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This limited case series is retrospective in nature and potential complications have been noted by others in association with TC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of caudal epidural steroid injections proved beneficial in the treatment of pelvic pain symptomatology and so may be considered as an option in patients with identified sacral TC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Pain Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA. freidenstein@hotmail.com
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freidenstein
authors.forename: J Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Aldrete
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ness
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D008297:Male; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D052958:Tarlov Cysts / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive