title: An optimized electrochemistry-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for studying guanosine oxidation.
abstract: Oxidative stress can disrupt the integrity of genetic material. Due to its importance in the pathogenesis of different kinds of disease, including neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease and cancer, major efforts are put into the elucidation of mechanisms involved. Herein, the combination of electrochemistry/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (EC/LC/MS) is presented as convenient, fast and simple method to study nucleic acids oxidation. Guanosine was selected as test compound. 8-Hydroxyguanosine and (guanosine-H)(2)  were identified as primary oxidation products. Oxidation was accomplished in an electrochemical thin-layer cell integrated in the flow path of the autosampler of the chromatographic system. The reaction mixture was separated and mass analyzed by LC/MS. The use of LC was found to be particularly beneficial to resolve isobaric oxidation products. Another advantage of the setup used was the ability to decouple the electrochemical cell and the electrospray ionization source from each other eliminating any kind of cell potential interaction. Separation of EC from LC/MS, furthermore, facilitates method optimization. Experimental parameters were optimized for both techniques independently. Highest yields and best detectability of oxidation products were obtained with 10 mM ammonium formate at physiological pH delivered at a flow rate of 2.5-5 μL/min through the electrochemical cell.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Legal Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Erb
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Plattner
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pitterl
authors.forename: Hendrik-Jan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oberacher
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005561:Formates; D006151:Guanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D005561:Formates; C030544:formic acid; D006151:Guanosine; C046215:8-hydroxyguanosine