title: Discharge destination as a surrogate for Modified Rankin Scale defined outcomes at 3- and 12-months poststroke among stroke survivors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the predictive value of discharge destination as a surrogate for defining unfavorable outcome at 3- and 12-months poststroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of the prospectively collected data from a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in patients with ischemic stroke presenting within 3 hours of symptom onset.
  
  
  METHODS
  Post hoc analysis of patients recruited in a clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (N=530) discharged alive from the hospital after ischemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Positive and negative predictive value and likelihood ratios of discharge destination for unfavorable outcome at 3- and 12-months poststroke defined by a Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score of 2 to 6, 3 to 6, or 4 to 6. A likelihood ratio indicates how many times more (or less) likely a particular discharge destination is seen in patients with an unfavorable outcome compared with those without unfavorable outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive predictive value of nursing home and rehabilitation facility discharges was highest for unfavorable outcome defined by an MRS score of 2 to 6 (95%) and rehabilitation facility (89%) at 3-months poststroke, respectively. The positive predictive value of rehabilitation facility/nursing home (90%) was also highest for unfavorable outcomes defined by an MRS score of 2 to 6 compared with those defined by MRS scores of 3 to 6 (79%) and 4 to 6 (57%). The positive likelihood ratio was highest for nursing home discharges (13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.1-41) followed by rehabilitation facility discharges for unfavorable outcome defined by an MRS score of 2 to 6 at 3-months poststroke (5.3; 95% CI, 3.5-7.9). The negative likelihood ratio was the highest for home discharge for unfavorable outcome defined by an MRS score of 2 to 6 (4.5; 95% CI, 3.4-6.1). A similar pattern was observed with unfavorable outcome defined using various thresholds at 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Discharge destination can provide high predictive values and likelihood ratios for death and disability at 3-months poststroke, as defined by an MRS of score of 2 to 6.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Neurology, University of Minnesota, 12-100 PWB, 516 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. qureshai@gmail.com
authors.forename: Adnan I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Saqib A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Chaudhry
authors.forename: Biggya L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Sapkota
authors.forename: Gustavo J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: M Fareed K
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Suri
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012737:Sex Factors; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013997:Time Factors