title: Enhanced osteoblast response to electrical discharge machining surface.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the surface characteristics and biocompatibility of titanium (Ti) surfaces modified by wire electrical discharge machining (EDM). EDM surface characteristics were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thin-film X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and contact angle measurements. MC3T3-E1 cell morphology, attachment and proliferation, as well as analysis of osteoblastic gene expressions, on machined surfaces and EDM surfaces were also evaluated. EDM surfaces exhibited high super hydrophilicity, due to high surface energy. XPS and XRD revealed that a passive oxide layer with certain developing thickness onto. EDM surfaces promoted cell attachment, but restrained proliferation. Counted cell numbers increased significantly on the machined surfaces as compared to the EDM surfaces. Real-time PCR analyses showed significantly higher relative mRNA expression levels of osteoblastic genes (ALP, osteocalcin, Runx2, Osterix) in cells cultured on the EDM surfaces as compared to cells cultured on the machined surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biomaterials and Technology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Fukunaga
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000379:methods*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D008669:Metallurgy / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010087:Oxides / Q000032:analysis; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017155:Wettability; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D010087:Oxides; C493716:Runx2 protein, mouse; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; C479466:Sp7 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015675:Osteocalcin; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase