title: Evaluation of mandibular growth using cone-beam computed tomography in a rabbit model: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this pilot study was to describe three-dimensional (3D) changes during mandibular growth in a rabbit model using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  CBCT scans were taken of three growing New Zealand white rabbits at baseline and then fortnightly for eight weeks. Metallic tantalum 1-mm spheres were implanted as bone reference markers. 3D images were constructed, and mandibular growth was described by six measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The animals coped well with the experimental procedures. The use of CBCT to evaluate 3D mandibular growth appeared feasible in this rabbit model. Consistent mandibular growth (of 0.6 to 5.7 mm) was observed in all rabbits. Distances between the bone markers changed slightly (0.0 to 1.6 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During the observation period, vertical ramus growth in the rabbit mandible was more prominent than either sagittal or transverse growth. The mandibular molar region seemed to be the most stable area for radiographic superimposition in the rabbit model. 3D evaluation of mandibular growth in a rabbit model using CBCT represents a promising approach for the preclinical evaluation of proposed treatment intervention studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Inah
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Warwick J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000254:growth & development; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D057918:Fiducial Markers; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development*; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000254:growth & development; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D023421:Models, Animal; D010159:Palate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011817:Rabbits; D013635:Tantalum; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013635:Tantalum