title: Pressurized liquid extraction as a sample preparation method for the analysis of isoflavones in pulses.
abstract: In this work, we describe a rapid and simple analytical method that exploits pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and liquid chromatography with diode array detection for the determination of isoflavones in samples of Spanish pulses. Confirmation of the analytes present was performed using ion-trap mass spectrometry. To optimize the PLE extraction, variables such as the dispersing agent, type of solvent and sample amount, and the experimental parameters, such as temperature and the number of extraction cycles, were studied. Separation was carried out using a reverse-phase C18 with polar endcapping as the stationary phase and acetonitrile/water with 0.2 % of formic acid, under a gradient regime, as the mobile phase. Optimal extraction of formononetin and biochanin-A from chickpeas with PLE was achieved using Hydromatrix as a dispersant agent, methanol/water (50:50), a temperature of 90 °C, and three cycles. The same optimal conditions-except methanol/water (75:25)-for solvent extraction were obtained for the extraction of daidzin, genistin, and formononetin from lentils. Recoveries ranged from 97 to 110 %, and standard deviations lower than 20 % were obtained. The contents obtained for daidzin in lentils using the proposed method were not significantly different from those obtained using another official method of analysis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Plaza de los Caídos s/n, 37008, Salamanca, Spain. mdz@usal.es
authors.forename: María Milagros
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Delgado-Zamarreño
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pérez-Martín
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bustamante-Rangel
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carabias-Martínez
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D011312:Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D007529:Isoflavones