title: The role of crustacean fisheries and aquaculture in global food security: past, present and future.
abstract: The 1996 World Food Summit defined food security as "Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life". This paper looks at the status of production from both shrimp capture fisheries and shrimp aquaculture, as well as trade, in order to understand the contribution of the crustacean sector to overall fish production and thus to global food security. This paper also examines some sustainability issues that will potentially affect the contribution of the crustacean sector (particularly shrimp) to food security. These include sustainable shrimp capture fisheries, sustainable shrimp trade and sustainable shrimp aquaculture. The paper concludes that crustaceans are an important source of aquatic food protein. Production (as food and ornamental) and trade are extremely important for developing countries. It provides both economic development and empowerment in terms of contribution to GDP, consumption, employment, catch value and exports. The crustacean sector generates high value export products which enables producers to buy lower value products in the world market - thus a positive contribution to food security in both producing and exporting countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, Rome 00153, Italy. Melba.Reantaso@fao.org
authors.forename: Melba G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bondad-Reantaso
authors.forename: Rohana P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Subasinghe
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Josupeit
authors.forename: Junning
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000639:trends; D003445:Crustacea; D005398:Fisheries; D005523:Food Supply; D006801:Humans; D012758:Shellfish