title: Incidence of ovarian maldescent in women with mullerian duct anomalies: evaluation by MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of our study was to evaluate the incidence of ovarian mal-descent in patients with and in those without müllerian duct anomalies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multiplanar MRI examinations of patients with (n = 65) and those without (n = 64) congenital uterine anomalies were evaluated for ovarian size, position, follicle count, and associated renal anomalies. Patients who were pregnant, had known prior pelvic surgery, or had large uterine leiomyomas were excluded. Two criteria were used to determine ovarian malposition: Was the upper pole of the ovary above the pelvic brim, as defined by the pubic symphysis-sacral promontory line, or was the upper pole of the ovary at or above the iliac artery bifurcation?
  
  
  RESULTS
  The müllerian duct anomalies identified in the study group included hypoplasia, unicornuate, didelphys, bicornuate, and septate uterus. Ovarian maldescent was identified in 12 of 65 women with uterine anomalies (17%) as compared with two of 64 women with normal uterine anatomy (3%) using the criterion of the ovarian pole being above the iliac bifurcation. Among the women with müllerian duct anomalies, only three of 29 with septate uterus (10%) had ovarian maldescent compared with the remaining nine of 36 women with other anomalies (25%). Ovarian size did not vary significantly between the two groups. Follicle count was increased in women with müllerian duct anomalies. Renal anomalies were present in 16 of 65 patients, five of whom had concomitant ovarian maldescent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of ovarian maldescent is increased in patients with müllerian duct anomalies, with the highest association seen in those with didelphys, unicornuate, or bicornuate uterus.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. allenj@mir.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Jared W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cardall
authors.forename: Mayuree
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kittijarukhajorn
authors.forename: Cary L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Siegel
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009095:Mullerian Ducts / Q000002:abnormalities*; D010053:Ovary / Q000002:abnormalities*; D012189:Retrospective Studies