title: Rapid-prototyped PLGA/β-TCP/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite scaffolds in a rabbit femoral defect model.
abstract: Bone tissue engineering scaffolds composed of poly(d,l-lactide:glycolide) (DL-PLGA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanocomposites were prepared and characterized. Scaffolds with two specific architectures were produced via fused deposition modeling (FDM), a type of extrusion freeform fabrication. Microfilaments deposited at angles of 0° and 90° were designated as the 'simple' scaffold architecture, while those deposited at angles alternating between 0°, 90°, 45° and -45° were designated as the 'complex' scaffold architecture. In addition, the simple and complex scaffolds were coated with hydroxyapatite (HA). The surface morphology of the scaffolds was assessed before and after HA coating and uniform distribution of HA coating on the surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The scaffolds were implanted into rabbit femoral unicortical bone defects according to four treatment groups based on pore structure and HA coating. After 6 and 12 weeks, scaffolds and host bone were recovered and processed for histology. Data suggest that all configurations of the scaffolds integrated with the host bone and were biocompatible and thus may offer an exciting new scaffold platform for delivery of biologicals for bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Bone Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Jinku
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.forename: Brandi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tellis
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Urena
authors.forename: Young-Hye
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: Victor L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Sylvia
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elgendy
authors.forename: Joo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.forename: Jeffrey O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Hollinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005269:Femur / Q000293:injuries*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D016062:Porosity; D011817:Rabbits; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D017886:Durapatite