title: Noise characterization in circular dichroism spectroscopy.
abstract: Circular dichroism (CD), defined as the difference in absorption between left and right circularly polarized light, is used to spectroscopically study the structures of chiral materials. In this article, various methodologies are presented for characterizing the performance of CD spectrometers to determine (1) experimental conditions for optimal data collection, (2) noise characteristics dependent on machine parameters, (3) the relative significance of spectral data as a function of detector gain, and (4) stray light and dark current as a function of wavelength. The results of case studies of two commercial CD spectrometers (specifically, Jasco J810 and J815) are described. The analyses show that the variation of CD signal is Poisson distributed and hence can be considered shot noise. Also, optimum scan parameters are established and a weighting function of CD data significance is produced so that wavelength-dependent gain (as determined by the high tension, HT, voltage applied to the photomultiplier tube, PMT, detector) can be accommodated. Lastly, the amount of stray light and dark current for the photomultiplier tube is determined. Though specific to the Jasco CD spectrometers characterized in this study, it is expected that all CD spectrometers exhibit similar behavior and the methodology described here can be usefully applied to characterize CD spectrometers independent of manufacturer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Howell Science Complex, E. 10th Street, Greenville, North Carolina 27858-4353, USA.
authors.forename: Julie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: DiNitto
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kenney
mesh_terms: D002942:Circular Dichroism / Q000379:methods*; D017785:Photons; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013237:Stereoisomerism