title: Bacterial acyl-CoA mutase specifically catalyzes coenzyme B12-dependent isomerization of 2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA and (S)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA.
abstract: Coenzyme B(12)-dependent acyl-CoA mutases are radical enzymes catalyzing reversible carbon skeleton rearrangements in carboxylic acids. Here, we describe 2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA mutase (HCM) found in the bacterium Aquincola tertiaricarbonis as a novel member of the mutase family. HCM specifically catalyzes the interconversion of 2-hydroxyisobutyryl- and (S)-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA. Like isobutyryl-CoA mutase, HCM consists of a large substrate- and a small B(12)-binding subunit, HcmA and HcmB, respectively. However, it is thus far the only acyl-CoA mutase showing substrate specificity for hydroxylated carboxylic acids. Complete loss of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid degradation capacity in hcmA and hcmB knock-out mutants established the central role of HCM in A. tertiaricarbonis for degrading substrates bearing a tert-butyl moiety, such as the fuel oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and its metabolites. Sequence analysis revealed several HCM-like enzymes in other bacterial strains not related to MTBE degradation, indicating that HCM may also be involved in other pathways. In all strains, hcmA and hcmB are associated with genes encoding for a putative acyl-CoA synthetase and a MeaB-like chaperone. Activity and substrate specificity of wild-type enzyme and active site mutants HcmA I90V, I90F, and I90Y clearly demonstrated that HCM belongs to a new subfamily of B(12)-dependent acyl-CoA mutases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yaneva
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lede
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Przybylski
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Paproth
authors.forename: Hauke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harms
authors.forename: Roland H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Thore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rohwerder
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020562:Betaproteobacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D055162:Biocatalysis; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007532:Isoleucine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007536:Isomerism; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D021122:Protein Subunits; D007532:Isoleucine; C008039:2-hydroxyisobutyric acid; D019751:Intramolecular Transferases; C020757:3-hydroxyisobutyric acid; D014805:Vitamin B 12