title: The role of molecular regulation and targeting in regulating calcium/calmodulin stimulated protein kinases.
abstract: Calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases can be classified as one of two types - restricted or multifunctional. This family of kinases contains several structural similarities: all possess a calmodulin binding motif and an autoinhibitory region. In addition, all of the calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases examined in this chapter are regulated by phosphorylation, which either activates or inhibits their kinase activity. However, as the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases are ubiquitously expressed, yet regulate a broad range of cellular functions, additional levels of regulation that control these cell-specific functions must exist. These additional layers of control include gene expression, signaling pathways, and expression of binding proteins and molecular targeting. All of the multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinases examined in this chapter appear to be regulated by these additional layers of control, however, this does not appear to be the case for the restricted kinases.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Health, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Skelding
authors.forename: John A P
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rostas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054737:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D047389:Casein Kinase I / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009219:Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D010764:Phosphorylase Kinase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation
chemical_list: D010764:Phosphorylase Kinase; D047389:Casein Kinase I; D054737:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D009219:Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase