title: The in vitro effects of zearalenone and T-2 toxins on Vero cells.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate in vitro, whether cytolethality and oxidative damage is enhanced by combination of both mycotoxins as compared to their individual effect. In our paper, we applied a tiered in vitro experimental approach in order to predict the possible health risk effects of two interactive fusarial toxins. Considering the concomitant production of zearalenone (ZEN) and T-2 toxin, it is very likely that humans and animals are always exposed to the mixture rather than to individual compounds. Our results clearly showed that cultured renal cells respond to individual (ZEN) or T-2 toxin exposure by a moderate inhibition of cell proliferation, respectively. However, when combined, they exert a more significant decrease in cell viability. Similar results were found for the investigated oxidative status endpoints. When combined, ZEN and T-2 toxin increased ROS production and heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 expression as compared to the effect of each mycotoxin taken alone. We can conclude that the mixture of ZEN and T-2 toxin increased their toxic effects. The health risk is heightened by the interactions between co-occurring mycotoxins.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Chayma
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouaziz
authors.forename: Amel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouslimi
authors.forename: Rabiaa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kadri
authors.forename: Chiraz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zaied
authors.forename: Hassen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bacha
authors.forename: Salwa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abid-Essefi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004357:Drug Synergism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014709:Vero Cells; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015025:Zearalenone; D013605:T-2 Toxin