title: How healthy is urban horticulture in high traffic areas? Trace metal concentrations in vegetable crops from plantings within inner city neighbourhoods in Berlin, Germany.
abstract: Food production by urban dwellers is of growing importance in developing and developed countries. Urban horticulture is associated with health risks as crops in urban settings are generally exposed to higher levels of pollutants than those in rural areas. We determined the concentration of trace metals in the biomass of different horticultural crops grown in the inner city of Berlin, Germany, and analysed how the local setting shaped the concentration patterns. We revealed significant differences in trace metal concentrations depending on local traffic, crop species, planting style and building structures, but not on vegetable type. Higher overall traffic burden increased trace metal content in the biomass. The presence of buildings and large masses of vegetation as barriers between crops and roads reduced trace metal content in the biomass. Based on this we discuss consequences for urban horticulture, risk assessment, and planting and monitoring guidelines for cultivation and consumption of crops.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology, Technische Universität Berlin, Rothenburgstr. 12, D-12165 Berlin, Germany. ina.saeumel@tu-berlin.de
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Säumel
authors.forename: Iryna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kotsyuk
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hölscher
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lenkereit
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kowarik
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002947:Cities; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D051639:Gardening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D018986:Motor Vehicles / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D008670:Metals