title: In vitro biocompatibility assessment of multipurpose contact lens solutions: effects on human corneal epithelial viability and barrier function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the in vitro effects of multipurpose contact lens solutions (MPSs) on corneal epithelial barrier function and viability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiC) were exposed to 50% MPSs A-G. Viability was determined using metabolic activity, protease release and caspase assays. Barrier function was evaluated using immunostaining for the tight junction protein zonnula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and resistance measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MPS A and G did not affect HCEpiC monolayer viability after 2 h, while MPSs B-F significantly decreased viability. There was a significant decrease in stratified HCEpiC viability after exposure to MPSs B-E for 2 h, while there was no effect of MPS A. After exposure of HCEpiC monolayers to MPS A, F or G for 30 min, ZO-1 staining appeared similar to control. HCEpiC exposed to MPSs B and C demonstrated tight junction breakdown. There was no significant change in HCEpiC monolayer resistance after exposure to MPS A or F for 2 h, while MPSs B-E and G reduced resistance. After exposure to MPS A-E, stratified HCEpiC resistance was significantly decreased after 2 or 4 h. The decrease in resistance was significantly less with MPS A as compared to the other MPSs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MPSs caused varying modifications to cell viability and barrier function in monolayer and stratified HCEpiC. MPS A did not alter monolayer HCEpiC viability or barrier function, while MPSs B-G caused significant decreases of at least one parameter. Furthermore, MPS A had significantly less effect than MPSs B-E on viability and barrier function of stratified HCEpiC.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical R&D, Bausch + Lomb, 1400 North Goodman Street, Rochester, NY 14609, USA. megan.cavet@bausch.com
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cavet
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: VanDerMeid
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: J-Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018639:Contact Lens Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018639:Contact Lens Solutions; C569042:TJP1 protein, human; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein