title: InterStim Sacral Neuromodulation and Botox Botulinum-A Toxin Intradetrusor Injections for Refractory Urge Urinary Incontinence: A Decision Analysis Comparing Outcomes Including Efficacy and Complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  : Overactive bladder is a common disease for which current pharmaceutical therapy is often unsatisfactory. Newer modalities, including Botox and InterStim, can be used when antimuscarinics fail. We compare InterStim and Botox using decision analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  : A Markov state transition decision analysis model was constructed using values for efficacy and complications from the literature. Overall utility was compared monthly. Multiple 1-way sensitivity analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  : For every month during the simulation, overall utility was higher for Botox than InterStim. After 54 months, cumulative utility was 3.86 versus 3.74, favoring Botox for an average yearly quality-adjusted life-year value of 0.86 versus 0.83. All differences were less than minimally important differences for utilities. Few meaningful thresholds were established supporting the robustness of the model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  : Until appropriately powered randomized controlled trials are available, both InterStim and Botox are reasonable and effective strategies with similar outcomes.
authors.affiliation: From the *Division of Urogynecology and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery, Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, †Urology, and ‡Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: Jerry L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lowder
authors.forename: Wendy W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Smith