title: Phyllanthus urinaria Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma 143B Cells via Activation of Fas/FasL- and Mitochondria-Mediated Pathways.
abstract: Phyllanthus urinaria (P. urinaria), in this study, was used for the treatment of human osteosarcoma cells, which is one of the tough malignancies with few therapeutic modalities. Herein, we demonstrated that P. urinaria inhibited human osteosarcoma 143B cells growth through an apoptotic extrinsic pathway to activate Fas receptor/ligand expression. Both intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species were increased to lead to alterations of mitochondrial membrane permeability and Bcl-2 family including upregulation of Bid, tBid, and Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2. P. urinaria triggered an intrinsic pathway and amplified the caspase cascade to induce apoptosis of 143B cells. However, upregulation of both intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and the sequential membrane potential change were less pronounced in the mitochondrial respiratory-defective 143Bρ(0) cells compared with the 143B cells. This study offers the evidence that mitochondria are essential for the anticancer mechanism induced by P. urinaria through both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Medicine and Mitochondrial Research Unit, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tsu-Kung
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hsiao-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Ya-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chia-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Pei-Wen
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jiin-Haur
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Sheng-Teng
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Huang