title: Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure during learning.
abstract: Human brain imaging has identified structural changes in gray and white matter that occur with learning. However, ascribing imaging measures to underlying cellular and molecular events is challenging. Here we review human neuroimaging findings of structural plasticity and then discuss cellular and molecular level changes that could underlie observed imaging effects. Greater dialog between researchers in these different fields would help to facilitate cross-talk between cellular and systems level explanations of how learning sculpts brain structure.
authors.affiliation: Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Zatorre
authors.forename: R Douglas
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Johansen-Berg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000502:physiology; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D059906:Neuroimaging / Q000379:methods; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*