title: Posterior tibial nerve stimulation in patients who have failed anticholinergic therapy: efficacy and time to response.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  : We sought to determine the efficacy of posterior tibial nerve stimulation in patients who had failed anticholinergic medications. A secondary outcome was to determine the time to response for different parameters of overactive bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  : The medical records of all patients treated with posterior tibial nerve stimulation from 2000 to 2009 seen in a university urogynecology practice were abstracted. Patients underwent weekly treatments. Patients were asked about the 4 index symptoms at each weekly visit. Descriptive statistics were performed on the data set using SPSS 15.
  
  
  RESULTS
  : A total of 141 patients were analyzed. Of these patients, 67.4% were satisfied with treatment results. The median week to improvement was 5 weeks for nocturia, 7 weeks for frequency, 6 weeks for urgency, and 6 weeks for urge incontinence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  : Posterior tibial nerve stimulation is an effective treatment of overactive bladder in patients who have failed anticholinergic therapy. Most patients noted improvement by 6 weeks.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Urogynecology, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO.
authors.forename: Fah Che
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Mary T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: McLennan
authors.forename: Susan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Steele