title: Differential motion dynamics of synaptic vesicles undergoing spontaneous and activity-evoked endocytosis.
abstract: Synaptic vesicle exo- and endocytosis are usually driven by neuronal activity but can also occur spontaneously. The identity and differences between vesicles supporting evoked and spontaneous neurotransmission remain highly debated. Here we combined nanometer-resolution imaging with a transient motion analysis approach to examine the dynamics of individual synaptic vesicles in hippocampal terminals under physiological conditions. We found that vesicles undergoing spontaneous and stimulated endocytosis differ in their dynamic behavior, particularly in the ability to engage in directed motion. Our data indicate that such motional differences depend on the myosin family of motor proteins, particularly myosin II. Analysis of synaptic transmission in the presence of myosin II inhibitor confirmed a specific role for myosin II in evoked, but not spontaneous, neurotransmission and also suggested a functional role of myosin II-mediated vesicle motion in supporting vesicle mobilization during neural activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ziv
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rotman
authors.forename: Pan-Yue
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Vitaly A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Klyachko
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001381:Azepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D001703:Biophysics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001381:Azepines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; C056218:ML 9; C472645:blebbistatin; D013779:Tetrodotoxin