title: [Effects of a low-fat and high-carbohydrate diet on the physiological and biochemical indices in healthy youth with different body mass index].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of a low-fat and high-carbohydrate (LF-HC) diet on the physiological and biochemical indexes in healthy youth with different body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven overweight participants [BMI=(27.82 +/- 1.64) kg/m2] and 49 age-matched controls [BMI = (20.06 +/- 2.41) kg/ m2] were given a washout diet for 7 d, followed by a LF-HC diet for 6 d. The washout diet contained 31.1% fat and 54.1% carbohydrate, and the LF-HC diet contained 14.8% fat and 70.1% carbohydrate of total energy. Anthropometric measurements were conducted on the mornings of the first, eighth and fourteenth days. Serum samples were prepared from twelve-hour fasting venous blood. Biochemical indexes including lipids; glucose and insulin were measured with routine methods. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, the control group had lower levels of body mass (P = 0.000), BMI (P = 0.000), waist-hip ratio (P = 0.000), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.001), diagnostic blood pressure (P = 0.016) and triglycerides (P = 0.006), and a higher level of HDL cholesterol (P = 0.005) than the overweight group. When compared with those before the ILF-HC diet, total cholesterol (P < 0.05) and LDL cholesterol (P < 0.05) decreased, and insulin (P < 0.05) and HOMA-IR (P < 0.05) increased in both the control group and the overweight group after the LF-HC diet. Increased triglycerides (P = 0.000) were observed only in the control subjects, and HDL cholesterol (P = 0.018) increased only in the overweight subjects after the LF-HC diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The responses of serum TG and HDL-C to the LF-HC diet are related to BMI in healthy youth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Ren-Rong
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Rong-Rong
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min-Shan
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Rong-Hui
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ding-Zhi
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D014280:Triglycerides