title: Vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 expression in gastric cancer cells and TAMs.
abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that TAMs contribute to tumor progression. Recently, vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 were detected in endothelial cells and considered as intrinsic angiogenesis inhibitors. However, it is not known whether they are also expressed in cancer cells or tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Realtime RT-PCR was used to investigate the vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 expression in four gastric cancer cell lines, including a non-metastatic cell line AGS, and metastatic cell lines HGC-27, Hs-746T and NCI-N87, co-cultured with or without TAMs. The effect of hypoxic conditions on vasohibin expression was evaluated as well, and the correlation between vasohibin-1, vasohibin-2 and VEGF-A expression under different culture conditions was analyzed. We found that both vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 were expressed in the four gastric cancer cell lines and in TAMs. Under normal conditions, vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 expressions were significantly upregulated by TAMs in all the gastric cancer cell lines. Under hypoxia, both vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 expressions were significantly decreased in the distant metastasis cancer cell line Hs-746T, cultured with or without TAMs (P<0.001). After induction by TAMs or hypoxia, the vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 expressions correlated with that of VEGF-A. In addition, TAMs, when co-cultured with the metastatic cancer cell lines, showed hypoxia-induced vasohibin-1 upregulation (P<0.05). In conclusion, both vasohibin-1 and vasohibin-2 mRNA are expressed in gastric cancer cells and in TAMs, and their expressions are altered by hypoxia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China. shenlong1977@163.com
authors.forename: Zhanlong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Tuuli
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kauttu
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seppänen
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vainionpää
authors.forename: Yingjiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mustonen
authors.forename: Pauli
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puolakkainen
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D042501:Angiogenic Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C493181:VASH1 protein, human; C574858:VASH2 protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A