title: Secundum atrial septal defect with interrupted inferior vena cava and azygos continuation: transfemoral closure in a 3-year old boy.
abstract: A secundum atrial septal defect (ASD 2) was closed percutaneously via the transfemoral approach in a 3-year-old boy with interrupted inferior vena cava and azygos continuation. The procedure was guided by transesophageal echocardiography and fluoroscopy using conscious sedation. Successful transhepatic and jugular accesses in similar patients are described. This is the first pediatric report describing a transfemoral closure of a secundum atrial septum defect via azygos continuation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Strümpellstrasse 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany. patrick.flosdorff@gmail.com
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flosdorff
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paech
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dähnert
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D001401:Azygos Vein / Q000002:abnormalities*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005263:Femoral Artery; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055989:Septal Occluder Device; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000002:abnormalities*