title: [Investigation on the characteristics and space-time distribution of fine particles in the atmosphere of residential area in Shanghai City].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the ambient fine particle pollution and the trend of its space-time distribution in residential areas in Shanghai, and to explore the effects of vehicle exhaust emission on the ambient fine particle pollution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two residential areas A and B were selected for monitoring the pollution of fine particles. Area A is a normal residential area and area B is closed to a main road with heavy traffic. Four monitoring sites were set in the distance of 0 m, 50 m, 100 m and 200 m to the roadside and on a place 1.5 - 1.8 m above the ground. The concentration of fine particles in the air were measured in April, July, October 2010 and Jan 2011 for 1l0 days in each month in both areas using SIDEPAK AM510 (TSI, USA) fine particle monitors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pollution of fine particle was varied in different seasons (spring > winter > autumn > summer) and at different time (with two peaks at 8:00 AM and 19:00 PM, corresponding to the rush hours). The pollution of fine particles is higher in residential area B than that in area A. The concentration of fine particles was reduced with the increase of the distance to the roadside.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The level of fine particles in residential areas is comparatively high in Shanghai, and the vehicle exhaust emissions have significant effects on the concentration of fine particles in the atmosphere of residential area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200032, China. jinzhuozhao@fudan.edu.cn
authors.forename: Jinzhuo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chunyan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Rongfang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001272:Atmosphere / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons; D062211:Spatio-Temporal Analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D001335:Vehicle Emissions