title: Preoperative percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization with ethanol injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this article is to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization with ethanol injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated 143 patients who underwent percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization. Hypertrophy of the future liver remnant was assessed by comparing the volumetric data obtained from CT image data before and after percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization. The evaluation of effectiveness was based on changes in the absolute volume of the future liver remnant and the ratio of the future liver remnant to the total estimated liver volume.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten of 143 patients (7.0%) underwent additional embolization because of recanalization and insufficient hypertrophy of the future liver remnant. The mean increase in the ratio of the future liver remnant was 33.6% (p < 0.0001), and the mean ratio of future liver remnant to total estimated liver volume increased from 34.9% to 45.7% (p < 0.0001). Although most of the patients complained of pain after ethanol injection, they were gradually relieved of pain in a few minutes by conservative treatment. Fever (38-39°C) was reported after 47 of 151 (31.1%) percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization sessions and was resolved within a few days. Transient elevation of the liver transaminases was observed after the procedures and resolved within about a week. Major complications occurred in nine of 151 (6%) percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization sessions, but no patients developed hepatic insufficiency or severe complications precluding successful resection. One hundred twenty patients underwent hepatic resection, and two patients developed hepatic failure after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization with ethanol is a feasible and effective procedure to obtain hypertrophy of the future liver remnant for preventing hepatic failure after hepatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan. yusaku@med.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakuhara
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abo
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fukumori
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Yoichi M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Khin Khin
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Tha
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirato
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011169:Portal Vein; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D000431:Ethanol