title: Depth-dependent cerebral hemodynamic responses following direct cortical electrical stimulation (DCES) revealed by in vivo dual-optical imaging techniques.
abstract: We studied depth-dependent cerebral hemodynamic responses of rat brain following direct cortical electrical stimulation (DCES) in vivo with optical recording of intrinsic signal (ORIS) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). ORIS is used to visualize the immediate hemodynamic changes in cortical areas following the stimulation, whereas NIRS measures the hemodynamic changes originating from subcortical areas. We found strong hemodynamic changes in relation to DCES both in ORIS and NIRS data. In particular, the signals originating from cortical areas exhibited a tri-phasic response, whereas those originating from subcortical regions exhibited multi-phasic responses. In addition, NIRS signals from two different sets of source-detector separation were compared and analyzed to investigate the causality of perfusion, which demonstrated downstream propagation, indicating that the upper brain region reacted faster than the deep region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomicrosystem Engineering, Korea University, Jeongneung 3-dong, Seongbuk-ku, Seoul 136-703, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seungduk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dalkwon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Areum
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Hae Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Young-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Choong-Ki
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Youngwook
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Chang-Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Beop-Min
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Minah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018511:Systems Integration; D056969:Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen