title: Endostatin inhibits angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to investigate the influence of endostatin on angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-five patients with HCC were enrolled. Twenty-six patients received initial liver resection without preoperative TACE (non-TACE), 24 received preoperative TACE without endostatin (TACE), 22 received endostatin (15mg/m2) right after TACE intravenously (TACE-V) and 23 received endostatin (15mg/m2) through the hepatic artery during TACE (TACE-A). TACE was performed using Gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 (emulsified with lipiodol, 10-12mL), cisplatin 40 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil 500mg/m2 through the hepatic artery feeding the tumor. Patients received liver resection 4 weeks after second course of TACE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean microvessel density (MVD) was 32.23±12.71, 57.46±18.38, 44.36±15.13 and 43.48±15.59 in non-TACE, TACE, TACE-V and TACE-A group respectively. The positive rate of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was 46.15%, 91.67%, 77.27% and 73.91% in non-TACE, TACE, TACE-V and TACE-A groups, respectively. Compared to the non-TACE group, MVD and VEGF expression in TACE, TACE-V and TACE-A groups were significantly higher (p<0.05). MVD and VEGF expression in the TACE-V and TACE-A groups were significantly lower than in the TACE group (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endostatin could significantly repress angiogenesis in HCC after TACE by down-regulating expression of VEGF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Molecular Surgery, Huzhou University Medical College, Huzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Wen Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Cheng Wu
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yin Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Hui Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Er Gang
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D043169:Endostatins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D043169:Endostatins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D000093542:Gemcitabine