title: Canonical A-to-I and C-to-U RNA editing is enriched at 3'UTRs and microRNA target sites in multiple mouse tissues.
abstract: RNA editing is a process that modifies RNA nucleotides and changes the efficiency and fidelity of the central dogma. Enzymes that catalyze RNA editing are required for life, and defects in RNA editing are associated with many diseases. Recent advances in sequencing have enabled the genome-wide identification of RNA editing sites in mammalian transcriptomes. Here, we demonstrate that canonical RNA editing (A-to-I and C-to-U) occurs in liver, white adipose, and bone tissues of the laboratory mouse, and we show that apparent non-canonical editing (all other possible base substitutions) is an artifact of current high-throughput sequencing technology. Further, we report that high-confidence canonical RNA editing sites can cause non-synonymous amino acid changes and are significantly enriched in 3' UTRs, specifically at microRNA target sites, suggesting both regulatory and functional consequences for RNA editing.
authors.affiliation: The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America.
authors.forename: Tongjun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Frank W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Buaas
authors.forename: Allen K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.forename: Cheryl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ackert-Bicknell
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hibbs
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017393:RNA Editing / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D035683:MicroRNAs