title: Occurrence and risks of antibiotics in the Laizhou Bay, China: impacts of river discharge.
abstract: The presence of thirteen antibiotics categorized into four different groups (fluoroquinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides and trimethoprim) was investigated in the rivers discharging to the Laizhou Bay and the seawater of the bay, and the impacts of river discharge on the marine environment were assessed. The results revealed that the same antibiotics predominated in both the river water and the seawater. Additionally, the detected antibiotics in the river water were generally higher than those in the inner bay and in the open bay, reflecting the importance of the riverine inputs as a source of antibiotics. Risk assessment based on the calculated risk quotients (RQ) showed that enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, and sulfamethoxazole in the two aquatic environments both posed high ecological risks (RQ>1) to the most sensitive aquatic organisms Vibrio fischeri, Microcystis aeruginosa and Synechococcus leopoliensis, respectively.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors.forename: Ruijie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yingjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Weihai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yongde
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Xiaoxiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D059001:Aquatic Organisms; D061006:Bays / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis; D018942:Macrolides / Q000032:analysis; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000032:analysis; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D018942:Macrolides; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole