title: Therapeutic effects of autologous tumor-derived nanovesicles on melanoma growth and metastasis.
abstract: Cancer vaccines with optimal tumor-associated antigens show promise for anti-tumor immunotherapy. Recently, nano-sized vesicles, such as exosomes derived from tumors, were suggested as potential antigen candidates, although the total yield of exosomes is not sufficient for clinical applications. In the present study, we developed a new vaccine strategy based on nano-sized vesicles derived from primary autologous tumors. Through homogenization and sonication of tumor tissues, we achieved high yields of vesicle-bound antigens. These nanovesicles were enriched with antigenic membrane targets but lacked nuclear autoantigens. Furthermore, these nanovesicles together with adjuvant activated dendritic cells in vitro, and induced effective anti-tumor immune responses in both primary and metastatic melanoma mouse models. Therefore, autologous tumor-derived nanovesicles may represent a novel source of antigens with high-level immunogenicity for use in acellular vaccines without compromising safety. Our strategy is cost-effective and can be applied to patient-specific cancer therapeutic vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyong-Su
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yae Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Jaewook
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyung-Geun
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Su Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Kyoung-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yoon-Keun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Song
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Gho
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D055354:Exosomes / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000556:secondary; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D001324:Autoantigens; D019496:Cancer Vaccines