title: Phase 1 clinical study of the acute and subacute safety and proof-of-concept efficacy of carbohydrate-derived fulvic acid.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this research was to determine the acute and subacute safety and proof-of-concept efficacy of carbohydrate-derived fulvic acid (CHD-FA).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this double-blind study, 30 male volunteers with predetermined atopy were randomly assigned to either Group A or Group B, each consisting of 15 participants. In part 1 of the study, the groups were administered increasing amounts of CHD-FA, ranging from 5 mL to 40 mL, provided that no adverse events had occurred at the previous dosage. In part 2, Group A participants received 20 mL of 3.8% CHD-FA twice daily for 3 days and were monitored for a week. Because no adverse events occurred, Group B received 40 mL of 3.8% CHD-FA twice daily for a period of 3 days. In part 3, both groups received either 40 mL of 3.8% CHD-FA or placebo twice daily for a period of one week, followed by a one-week washout period before crossover to the alternative treatment schedule. Parameters used to establish safety were electrocardiography, a physical examination, a health questionnaire, and hematology and biochemistry, determined at baseline, during regular calculated intervals, and at the end of each part of the study. A skin prick test was done as part of the screening process and, from the result, the allergen the participant was most allergic to was then selected, along with the positive histamine and negative control to be repeated at the start and end of each respective stage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Safety parameters remained constant throughout the trial. A significant decrease in skin prick test results was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No severe adverse events occurred, establishing that CHD-FA to be safe at doses up to 40 mL twice daily for a week and that at this dosage CHD-FA acts as an anti-inflammatory agent. These findings confirm earlier animal data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Justin John
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gandy
authors.forename: Johanna Petronella
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Meeding
authors.forename: Jacques René
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Snyman
authors.forename: Constance Elizabeth Jansen
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: van Rensburg