title: Signs and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction in fibromyalgic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in fibromyalgic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty subjects of both sexes (mean age, 49.2 ± 13.8 years) with fibromyalgia (FM) diagnosis were included in this study. All patients were examined by a calibrated investigator to identify the presence of TMD using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common signs (A) and symptoms (B) reported by FM patients were (A) pain in the masticatory muscles (masseter, 80%; posterior digastric, 76.7%), pain in the temporomandibular joint (83.3%), and 33.3% and 28.3%, respectively, presented joint sounds when opening and closing the mouth; (B) headache (97%) and facial pain (81.7%). In regard to the classic triad for the diagnosis of the TMD, it was found that 35% of the FM patients presented, at the same time, pain, joint sounds, and alteration of the mandibular movements. It was verified that myofascial pain without limitation of mouth opening was the most prevalent diagnosis (47%) for the RDC subgroup I. For the subgroup II, the disk displacement with reduction was the most prevalent diagnosis (21.6%). For the subgroup III, 36.7% of the subjects presented osteoarthritis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, there is a high prevalence of signs and symptoms of TMD in FM patients, indicating the need for an integrated diagnosis and treatment of these patients, which suggest that the FM could be a medium- or long-term risk factor for the development of TMD.
authors.affiliation: Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
authors.forename: Byanka P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.forename: Emanuella B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Jader P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Farias Neto
authors.forename: José C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Macieira
authors.forename: Lucindo J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Quintans
authors.forename: Alexandre S C
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Onofre
authors.forename: Josimari M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: De Santana
authors.forename: Paulo Ricardo Saquete
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Martins-Filho
authors.forename: Leonardo R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bonjardim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015995:Prevalence; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*