title: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: beyond sorafenib.
abstract: The positive results of sorafenib have unveiled a new direction of research in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Since then intensive efforts have been focused on development of novel management strategy to further improve the outcome for patients with HCC. Emerging data have suggested that tumor progression of HCC is driven by a number of deregulated signaling pathways and/or epigenetic mechanism. Thus much effort is dedicated to identification of novel agents targeting these dysregulated pathways. Combinations of targeted therapeutics and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), or different systemic therapeutics also hold the promise to improve treatment outcome beyond sorafenib. This review aims to summarize the current status of clinical development of treatment in HCC. Perspectives on future direction of research will also be discussed.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Sir YK Pao Center for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hong Kong Cancer Institute and Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.forename: Brigette B Y
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077157:Sorafenib; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases