title: Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in nasal polyps of aspirin-intolerant patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study differences between aspirin-tolerant patients and aspirin-intolerant patients concerning vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Recent publications strongly suggest the involvement of VEGF and its receptors in the pathophysiologic process of nasal polyps.
  
  
  METHODS
  We subjected 43 polyp specimens to semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis. We quantified VEGF and its receptors (Flk, Flt, and neuropilin) in all samples. To gain insight into potential VEGF-mediated cellular responses, we determined proliferative (Ki67) and apoptotic (caspase 3) indices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polyp samples were obtained from 22 aspirin-intolerant patients and from 21 aspirin-tolerant patients, and control specimens were obtained from 24 subjects with healthy nasal respiratory mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression levels of VEGF, VEGF receptors. and proliferative and apoptotic indices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found higher expressed levels of VEGF and neuropilin and stronger proliferation in nasal polyps from aspirin-tolerant and aspirin-intolerant patients compared with controls. In polyps from aspirin-intolerant patients, VEGF was expressed at considerably higher levels compared with those from aspirin-tolerant subjects. Apoptotic activity remained unchanged in all 3 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasal polyps from aspirin-tolerant and aspirin-intolerant patients are characterized by strong proliferation and high levels of VEGF and neuropilin expression. Nasal polyps from aspirin-intolerant patients show distinctly increased VEGF levels. The relevance of these findings for future therapeutic approaches is yet to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. kai.fruth@unimedizin-mainz.de
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fruth
authors.forename: Chengjing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schramek
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Angermair
authors.forename: Wassim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kassem
authors.forename: Boris R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Haxel
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Wolf J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brieger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D001241:Aspirin / Q000378:metabolism*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000378:metabolism*; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D053148:Caspase 3; D001241:Aspirin