title: Enterobius vermicularis: a rare cause of appendicitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although appendicitis is one of the most common causes of emergency surgery, parasites are rarely found associated with inflammation of the appendix. The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis in surgically removed appendices, as well as to determine its possible role in the pathogenesis of appendicitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of all the appendices removed during the last 20 years at a tertiary university hospital. Appendices removed during the course of another intra-abdominal procedure were excluded from the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 1085 surgical specimens removed from patients with clinical appendicitis were evaluated. Enterobius vermicularis was found in seven appendices (0.65%) with clinical symptoms of appendicitis. The parasite was most frequently identified in appendices without pathological changes (6/117). There was no case of chronic appendicitis presenting E. vermicularis infestation, while the parasite was rarely related to histological changes of acute appendicitis (1/901).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the presence of E. vermicularis in the appendix might cause appendiceal pain (colic), but can rarely be associated with pathologic findings of acute appendicitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of 3rd Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eleftherios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gialamas
authors.forename: Theodossis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Papavramidis
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Michalopoulos
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karayannopoulou
authors.forename: Angeliki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cheva
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vasilaki
authors.forename: Isaak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kesisoglou
authors.forename: Spiros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Papavramidis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000469:parasitology*; D001065:Appendix / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D017229:Enterobiasis / Q000150:complications*; D004757:Enterobius / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult