title: The ATM-BID pathway regulates quiescence and survival of haematopoietic stem cells.
abstract: BID, a BH3-only BCL2 family member, functions in apoptosis as well as the DNA-damage response. Our previous data demonstrated that BID is an ATM effector acting to induce cell-cycle arrest and inhibition of apoptosis following DNA damage. Here we show that ATM-mediated BID phosphorylation plays an unexpected role in maintaining the quiescence of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Loss of BID phosphorylation leads to escape from quiescence of HSCs, resulting in exhaustion of the HSC pool and a marked reduction of HSC repopulating potential in vivo. We also demonstrate that BID phosphorylation plays a role in protecting HSCs from irradiation, and that regulating both quiescence and survival of HSCs depends on BID's ability to regulate oxidative stress. Moreover, loss of BID phosphorylation, ATM knockout or exposing mice to irradiation leads to an increase in mitochondrial BID, which correlates with an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress. These results show that the ATM-BID pathway serves as a critical checkpoint for coupling HSC homeostasis and the DNA-damage stress response to enable long-term regenerative capacity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maryanovich
authors.forename: Galia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oberkovitz
authors.forename: Hagit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niv
authors.forename: Lidiya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vorobiyov
authors.forename: Yehudit
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zaltsman
authors.forename: Ori
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Tsvee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lapidot
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Atan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D051023:BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051023:BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein; C494815:Bid protein, mouse; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; C576325:Atm protein, mouse; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases