title: Effect of insecticide resistance on development, longevity and reproduction of field or laboratory selected Aedes aegypti populations.
abstract: Aedes aegypti dispersion is the major reason for the increase in dengue transmission in South America. In Brazil, control of this mosquito strongly relies on the use of pyrethroids and organophosphates against adults and larvae, respectively. In consequence, many Ae. aegypti field populations are resistant to these compounds. Resistance has a significant adaptive value in the presence of insecticide treatment. However some selected mechanisms can influence important biological processes, leading to a high fitness cost in the absence of insecticide pressure. We investigated the dynamics of insecticide resistance and its potential fitness cost in five field populations and in a lineage selected for deltamethrin resistance in the laboratory, for nine generations. For all populations the life-trait parameters investigated were larval development, sex ratio, adult longevity, relative amount of ingested blood, rate of ovipositing females, size of egglaying and eggs viability. In the five natural populations, the effects on the life-trait parameters were discrete but directly proportional to resistance level. In addition, several viability parameters were strongly affected in the laboratory selected population compared to its unselected control. Our results suggest that mechanisms selected for organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance caused the accumulation of alleles with negative effects on different life-traits and corroborate the hypothesis that insecticide resistance is associated with a high fitness cost.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ademir Jesus
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Camila Dutra e Mello
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Diogo Fernandes
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Bellinato
authors.forename: Alexandre Afranio
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Peixoto
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valle
authors.forename: José Bento Pereira
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D056084:Genetic Fitness; D005843:Geography; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007753:Laboratories; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000633:toxicity; D010058:Oviposition / Q000187:drug effects; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010755:Organophosphates; D011722:Pyrethrins