title: Time-dependent oxidative stress responses of submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans seedlings exposed to ammonia in combination with microcystin under laboratory conditions.
abstract: We studied the antioxidant responses of macrophyte Vallisnerria natans seedlings to combined ammonia (0, 0.21, and 0.85 mg L(-1)) and microcystin-LR (MC-LR) (0, 10, and 50 μg L(-1)) for 7 days. Results showed that superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), peroxidase, and glutathione were significantly induced by the mixtures of ammonia and MC-LR, and there were significant interactions between ammonia and MC-LR. Specially, CAT increased about fivefold at ammonia 0.85 mg L(-1) and MC-LR 50 μg L(-1) on day 3. Malondialdehyde fluctuated with both ammonia and MC-LR, and significant interactions were detected between the two stressors. Changes in all the measured variables were time-dependent.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Jiajia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D031321:Hydrocharitaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D052998:Microcystins / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D052998:Microcystins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000641:Ammonia; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione