title: Chemical composition and biological activity of essential oil from Pulicaria undulata from Yemen.
abstract: The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of Pulicaria undulata Gamal Ed Din (syn P. orientalis sensu Schwartz and P. jaubertii Gamal Ed Din) was analyzed by GC-MS. Major compounds of P. undulata oil were the oxygenated monoterpenenes, carvotanacetone (91.4%) and 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (2.6.%). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was evaluated against six microorganisms, Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans, using disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The oil showed the strongest bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus, as well as Candida albicans. The essential oil showed moderate cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast tumor cells, with an IC50 of 64.6 +/- 13.7 microg/mL. Bioautographic assays were used to evaluate the acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect as well as antifungal activity of the oil against Cladosporium cucumerinum.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana'a University, P. O. Box 13150, Sana'a, Yemen. alinasser9678@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nasser A Awadh
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Farukh S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Sharopov
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alhaj
authors.forename: Gabrielle M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Porzel
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: William N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Setzer
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Ludger
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wessjohann
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052587:Pulicaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D015006:Yemen
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils