title: Young adults with intellectual disability transitioning from school to post-school: a literature review framed within the ICF.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this review was to describe literature relating to transition for young people with an intellectual disability and identify gaps within the current knowledge base.
  
  
  METHODS
  A narrative literature review was undertaken. Searches of databases Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, ISI Web of Science and ProQuest 500 International provided relevant research articles. The search terms used were intellectual disability, transition, employment, and ICF as well as other terms derived from the ICF. Manual searches of reference lists identified additional studies. Furthermore, government websites were searched for relevant reports and policies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transition literature was explored by ICF domains; body functions and structures, activity and participation and contextual factors. Studies were identified in some but not all areas and included literature describing self-determination and participation in leisure activities for those with mild intellectual disability. However, significant gaps were found particularly for those with severe intellectual disability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ICF is a useful tool in framing a review of transition literature for young people with intellectual disability due to the complexity and multi-faceted nature of transition. The important influence of environmental factors including family systems, post-school services and access to transport were highlighted as having considerable impacts on transition outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: K-R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dyke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Girdler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bourke
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leonard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016832:Employment, Supported; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D008016:Life Change Events; D012574:Schools; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012931:Social Environment; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult