title: Sprengel's Deformity Associated with Musculoskeletal Dysfunctions and Renal Anomalies: A Case Report.
abstract: Background. Sprengel's deformity is a rare congenital anomaly of the shoulder girdle. The deformity is due to failure of descent of the scapula in intrauterine life. Case Presentation. We report a case of unilateral Sprengel's deformity associated with several other musculoskeletal and renal disorders consisting of absence of pectoralis major, weakness of trapezius and serratus anterior muscles, one kidney agenesis, and severe hydronephrosis of the other kidney in a 7-year-old boy. Conclusion. Sprengel's deformity can be associated with other musculoskeletal abnormalities and it is much more than a cosmetic problem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 4813894393, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kariminasab
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shayeste-Azar
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sajjadi Saravi
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taghipour Gorgikolai