title: Folate decorated dual drug loaded nanoparticle: role of curcumin in enhancing therapeutic potential of nutlin-3a by reversing multidrug resistance.
abstract: Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor in children. Malfunctioning of many signaling pathways regulating cell survival or apoptosis, make the disease more vulnerable. Notably, resistance to chemotherapy mediated by MRP-1, lung-resistance protein (LRP) is the most challenging aspect to treat this disease. Presently, much attention has been given to the recently developed anticancer drug nutlin-3a because of its non-genotoxic nature and potency to activate tumor suppressor protein p53. However, being a substrate of multidrug resistance protein MRP1 and Pgp its application has become limited. Currently, research has step towards reversing Multi drug resistance (MDR) by using curcumin, however its clinical relevance is restricted by plasma instability and poor bioavailability. In the present investigation we tried to encapsulate nutlin-3a and curcumin in PLGA nanoparticle (NPs) surface functionalized with folate to enhance therapeutic potential of nutlin-3a by modulating MDR. We document that curcumin can inhibit the expression of MRP-1 and LRP gene/protein in a concentration dependent manner in Y79 cells. In vitro cellular cytotoxicity, cell cycle analysis and apoptosis studies were done to compare the effectiveness of native drugs (single or combined) and single or dual drug loaded nanoparticles (unconjugated/folate conjugated). The result demonstrated an augmented therapeutic efficacy of targeted dual drug loaded NPs (Fol-Nut-Cur-NPs) over other formulation. Enhanced expression or down regulation of proapoptotic/antiapoptotic proteins respectively and down-regulation of bcl2 and NFκB gene/protein by Fol-Nut-Cur-NPs substantiate the above findings. This is the first investigation exploring the role of curcumin as MDR modulator to enhance the therapeutic potentiality of nutlin-3a, which may opens new direction for targeting cancer with multidrug resistance phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.
authors.forename: Manasi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Sanjeeb K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sahoo
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D059447:Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003474:Curcumin; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005492:Folic Acid; D007093:Imidazoles; D019344:Lactic Acid; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010879:Piperazines; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C482205:nutlin 3; C421109:multidrug resistance-associated protein 1