title: Contributions of flumequine and nitroarenes to the genotoxicity of river and ground waters.
abstract: The SOS/umuC assay was performed in conjunction with analytical measurements to identify potential genotoxins in river and adjacent ground waters in the Jialu River basin, China. The major genotoxic activities of the river and adjacent ground waters occurred in the same two fractions (F4 and F11) when assayed using the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535/pSK1002. This indicates that ground water near the Jialu River was influenced by the river water. LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that flumequine accounted for 86% and 76% of the genotoxicity in fraction F11 of the river and adjacent ground waters, respectively. When HPLC fractions were tested using the strain NM3009, three fractions showed genotoxic activities for river water sample, while no fractions from ground water samples elicited genotoxic activities. The specific response to the strain NM3009 in one fraction compared with the strain TA1535/pSK1002 suggested the presence of nitroarenes. However, we failed to identify the exact nitroarenes when GC-MS analysis was used to analyze nitroarenes which are well detected in air and soil samples in previous papers.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Fujun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Guanxiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Jianying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D060587:Groundwater / Q000737:chemistry*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009153:Mutagens; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C012976:flumequine