title: Does complement play a role in bone development and regeneration?
abstract: The skeletal and the immune system are not two independent systems, rather, there are multifaceted and complex interactions between the different cell types of both systems and there are several shared cytokines. As a part of the innate immunity, the complement system was found to be an important link between bone and immunity. Complement proteins appear to be involved in bone development and homeostasis, and specifically influence osteoblast and osteoclast activity. This review describes the complex mutual regulation of the two systems, and indicates some of the negative side effects as a result of inappropriate or excessive complement activation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Centre of Muskuloskelettal Research, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 14, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schoengraf
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lambris
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Recknagel
authors.forename: Ludwika
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kreja
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liedert
authors.forename: Rolf E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huber-Lang
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignatius
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000276:immunology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000276:immunology*; D003167:Complement Activation; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000276:immunology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000276:immunology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D003165:Complement System Proteins