title: Fertile forests produce biomass more efficiently.
abstract: Trees with sufficient nutrition are known to allocate carbon preferentially to aboveground plant parts. Our global study of 49 forests revealed an even more fundamental carbon allocation response to nutrient availability: forests with high-nutrient availability use 58 ± 3% (mean ± SE; 17 forests) of their photosynthates for plant biomass production (BP), while forests with low-nutrient availability only convert 42 ± 2% (mean ± SE; 19 forests) of annual photosynthates to biomass. This nutrient effect largely overshadows previously observed differences in carbon allocation patterns among climate zones, forest types and age classes. If forests with low-nutrient availability use 16 ± 4% less of their photosynthates for plant growth, what are these used for? Current knowledge suggests that lower BP per unit photosynthesis in forests with low- versus forests with high-nutrient availability reflects not merely an increase in plant respiration, but likely results from reduced carbon allocation to unaccounted components of net primary production, particularly root symbionts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. sara.vicca@ua.ac.be
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vicca
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luyssaert
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peñuelas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campioli
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Chapin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ciais
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinemeyer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Högberg
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Kutsch
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Malhi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Papale
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reichstein
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Janssens
mesh_terms: D052818:Autotrophic Processes; D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D057486:Carbon Cycle; D019069:Cell Respiration; D002980:Climate; D016468:Forestry; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D014197:Trees / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D002244:Carbon