title: The role of stem cells in muscular dystrophies.
abstract: Muscular dystrophies are heterogeneous neuromuscular disorders of inherited origin, including Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Cell-based therapies were used to promote muscle regeneration with the hope that the host cells repopulated the muscle and improved muscle function and pathology. Stem cells were preferable for therapeutic applications, due to their capacity of self-renewal and differentiative potential. In the last years, encouraging results were obtained with adult stem cells to treat muscular dystrophies. Adult stem cells were found into various tissues of the body and they were able to maintain, generate, and replace terminally differentiated cells within their own specific tissue because of cell turnover or tissue injury. Moreover, it became clear that these cells could participate into regeneration of more than just their resident organ. Here, we described multiple types of muscle and non muscle-derived myogenic stem cells, their characterization and their possible use to treat muscular dystrophies. We also underlined that most promising possibility for the management and therapy of DMD is a combination of different approaches, such as gene and stem cell therapy.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Centro Dino Ferrari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meregalli
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farini
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Colleoni
authors.forename: Letizia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cassinelli
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Torrente
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D009132:Muscles / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation