title: Inhibitory effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on inflammatory mediator production by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide in murine macrophages via Nrf-2 mediated heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathways.
abstract: Periodontitis is an oral chronic inflammatory disease that influences systemic diseases. Heme oxygenase-1 has several beneficial abilities through Nrf-2 regulation. Ginkgo biloba has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects associated with heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. In this study, we investigated whether the anti-inflammatory effects of G. biloba were involved with Nrf-2-mediated HO-1 expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. G. biloba was extracted with ethyl acetate (EGB). EGB exhibited anti-inflammatory activities, which suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, and nuclear translocation of transcription factors. EGB also up-regulated the HO-1 expression, and the Nrf-2 level in the nucleus and its transactivity. Furthermore, reduced pro-inflammatory mediator levels by EGB were inverted in the presence of SnPP. The collective results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of EGB are due to the HO-1 expression via up-regulation of Nrf-2 in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by P. gingivalis LPS.
authors.affiliation: BIO-IT Fusion Technology Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Yeon
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Ah Jeong
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sung Hae
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hye Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Eom
authors.forename: Young Hun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Geuntae
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D010936:Plant Extracts; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1