title: Innate immunity in the control of HIV/AIDS:  recent advances and open questions.
abstract: From the publication of the first AIDS issue onwards, major advances have been made in the field of innate immunity during HIV infection. Innate immunity can be defined as the first and unspecific lines of defense constitutively present and ready to be mobilized upon infection. Although a large body of literature adamantly highlights that innate immunity is a critical weapon of defense against HIV and its simian parents (simian immunodeficiency virus, SIV), innate immunity is still underexplored. Focusing on innate immunity may open new paths for the development of innovative therapeutics and vaccine strategies against HIV. Understanding innate immunity may shed light on the natural protection occurring in rare HIV-1-infected individuals who control their infection. This review focuses on innate mechanisms sensing HIV-1 entry and controlling HIV-1 infection, as well as promoting inflammation and shaping adaptive immunity.
authors.affiliation: Regulation of Retroviral Infections Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Mickaël J-Y
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ploquin
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacquelin
authors.forename: Simon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Jochems
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barré-Sinoussi
authors.forename: Michaela C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Müller-Trutwin
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors