title: Common and diverse features of cocirculating type 2 and 3 recombinant vaccine-derived polioviruses isolated from patients with poliomyelitis and healthy children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Five cases of poliomyelitis due to type 2 or 3 recombinant vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) were reported in the Toliara province of Madagascar in 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  We sequenced the genome of the VDPVs isolated from the patients and from 12 healthy children and characterized phenotypic aspects, including pathogenicity, in mice transgenic for the poliovirus receptor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 6 highly complex mosaic recombinant lineages composed of sequences derived from different vaccine polioviruses and other species C human enteroviruses (HEV-Cs). Most had some recombinant genome features in common and contained nucleotide sequences closely related to certain cocirculating coxsackie A virus isolates. However, they differed in terms of their recombinant characteristics or nucleotide substitutions and phenotypic features. All VDPVs were neurovirulent in mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms the genetic relationship between type 2 and 3 VDPVs, indicating that both types can be involved in a single outbreak of disease. Our results highlight the various ways in which a vaccine-derived poliovirus may become pathogenic in complex viral ecosystems, through frequent recombination events and mutations. Intertypic recombination between cocirculating HEV-Cs (including polioviruses) appears to be a common mechanism of genetic plasticity underlying transverse genetic variability.
authors.affiliation: Département de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie des Virus Entériques, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Line
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Joffret
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jégouic
authors.forename: Maël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bessaud
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balanant
authors.forename: Coralie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holmblat
authors.forename: Richter
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Razafindratsimandresy
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Reynes
authors.forename: Mala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rakoto-Andrianarivelo
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Delpeyroux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D030015:Enterovirus C, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008270:Madagascar / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D023321:Poliovirus Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D023321:Poliovirus Vaccines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic