title: Peripheral functionalization of dendrimers regulates internalization and intracellular trafficking in living cells.
abstract: GATG (gallic acid-triethylene glycol) dendrimers represent appealing nanostructures for biomedical applications. The incorporation of specific ligands and targeting and imaging agents on their surface has resulted in promising tools in diagnosis and drug delivery. With the aim to further explore the versatility of GATG dendrimers in the biomedical field, in this work we study the effect of peripheral substitution on their uptake and intracellular trafficking in living cells. To this end, peripheral groups with different physicochemical properties and biological relevance have been installed on the surface of GATG dendrimers, and their interactions, uptake efficacy, and specificity for certain cell populations studied by confocal microscopy. Finally, this information was used to design a pH-sensitive drug delivery system for the selective release of cargo molecules inside cells after lysosomal localization. These results along with the easy functionalization and modular architecture of GATG dendrimers reveal these systems as promising nanotools in biomedicine.
authors.affiliation: NEST , Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Albertazzi
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Villamarin
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riguera
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Megia
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D050091:Dendrimers; D010455:Peptides; C028914:triethylene glycol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D005707:Gallic Acid