title: Fibrillary structure is key for hemostasis: a similar effect of collagen fleece and oxidized cellulose on experimental hemorrhagic brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The choice of the ideal hemostatic agent for intraoperative cerebral bleeding is under continuous debate. Our aim was to assess the influence of such materials on bleeding time in hemorrhagic cerebral contusions. We compared oxidized regenerated cellulose in fibrillar form (ORC) to microfibrillar collagen fleece (CF) in an experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  N=50 Sprague Dawley rats underwent a bilateral craniectomy. 3 separate standardized superficial cortical impacts were inflicted using a high-speed drill. Immediately after lesion placement, each of the 3 lesions was covered with (a) nothing (control), (b) ORC, or (c) CF. We observed the 3 lesions with a surgical microscope. The bleeding times were recorded for each cerebral lesion and compared using ANOVA test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All traumatic lesions produced significant bleeding. The statistical analysis showed a clear reduction in bleeding time for groups treated with either ORC or CF compared to the control group. Lesions covered with ORC and CF showed no significant difference with regard to bleeding time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ORC and CF significantly reduce blood loss from hemorrhagic contusions. Our data suggest that they effectively reduce bleeding time. We advocate the use of hemostatic material for limiting bleeding from superficial cortical lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Geneva University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland. enrico.tessitore@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tessitore
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schatlo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schaller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schonauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001760:Bleeding Time; D020201:Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D002483:Cellulose, Oxidized / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003029:Coagulants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques / Q000639:trends*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002483:Cellulose, Oxidized; D003029:Coagulants; D003094:Collagen