title: Cancer stem cell vaccination confers significant antitumor immunity.
abstract: Most studies of cancer stem cells (CSC) involve the inoculation of cells from human tumors into immunosuppressed mice, preventing an assessment on the immunologic interactions and effects of CSCs. In this study, we examined the vaccination effects produced by CSC-enriched populations from histologically distinct murine tumors after their inoculation into different syngeneic immunocompetent hosts. Enriched CSCs were immunogenic and more effective as an antigen source than unselected tumor cells in inducing protective antitumor immunity. Immune sera from CSC-vaccinated hosts contained high levels of IgG which bound to CSCs, resulting in CSC lysis in the presence of complement. CTLs generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or splenocytes harvested from CSC-vaccinated hosts were capable of killing CSCs in vitro. Mechanistic investigations established that CSC-primed antibodies and T cells were capable of selective targeting CSCs and conferring antitumor immunity. Together, these proof-of-concept results provide a rationale for a new type of cancer immunotherapy based on the development of CSC vaccines that can specifically target CSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Seagal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teitz-Tennenbaum
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Egenti
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yet
authors.forename: Mu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ginestier
authors.forename: Max S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wicha
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Moyer
authors.forename: Mark E P
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Prince
authors.forename: Yingxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiao-Lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Alfred E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology*; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm