title: Biofilms reduce solar disinfection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts.
abstract: Solar radiation reduces Cryptosporidium infectivity. Biofilms grown from stream microbial assemblages inoculated with oocysts were exposed to solar radiation. The infectivity of oocysts attached at the biofilm surface and oocysts suspended in water was about half that of oocysts attached at the base of a 32-μm biofilm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA. Elizabeth.w.dicesare@gmail.com
authors.forename: E A Wolyniak
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: DiCesare
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hargreaves
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jellison
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000528:radiation effects; D033661:Oocysts / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013472:Sunlight; D014867:Water / Q000469:parasitology*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D014867:Water