title: Antibacterial activity and comparison of the volatile constituents obtained by several extraction methods from the flowers, stems and leaves of Astrodaucus orientalis.
abstract: The oils of the flowers, stems and leaves of Astrodaucus orientalis L. were separately extracted using hydrodistillation (HD), head-space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and microwave assisted head-space solid-phase microextraction (MA-HS-SPME). The volatile constituents were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Temperature and time of extraction, microwave power and exposure time of extraction were optimized. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber was used as the solid phase for SPME methods. The main constituents of the flower, stem and leaf oils isolated by HD, HS-SPME and MA-HS-SPME are as follows, respectively: beta-pinene (20.5%, 13.9% and 30.4%), alpha-thujene (8.7%, 16.2% and 10.9%) and alpha-pinene (7.6%, 14.3% and 10.9%) for the flowers, sabinene (11.8%, 32.3% and 11.8%), alpha-pinene (8.7%, 28.8% and 6.1%) and p-mycrene (2.5%, 12% and 8.5%) for the stem, and alpha-pinene (9.4%, 37.1% and 22.5%), sabinene (13.5%, 26.3% and 23.5%), beta-pinene (6.3%, 9.8% and 10%) and p-mycrene (3.2%, 2.5% and 15.6%) for the leaf. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined for all essential oils obtained by HD against both Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria using the agar dilution method. These oils showed the good activities against the both bacteria (0.5 - 1.5 mg/mL).
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University, M.C., P.O. Box 16858-116, Tehran, Iran. torabbeigi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Marzieh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torabbeigi
authors.forename: Parviz Abroomand
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Azar
authors.forename: Anousheh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharifan
authors.forename: Zahra Aghaei
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Meibodi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds