title: Depth of cure and hardness of indirect composite materials polymerized with two metal halide laboratory curing units.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the depth of cure and Knoop hardness of indirect composite materials polymerized with different laboratory curing units. Five composite materials designed for fixed restoration veneer (Artglass, Ceramage, Epricord, Prossimo, and Solidex) were filled into a cylindrical mold and then light-exposed by using the respective proprietary laboratory curing unit or two metal halide curing units (Hyper LII and Twinkle X). Depth of cure was determined by a scraping technique, as described in ISO 4049. Composites also underwent Knoop hardness testing after immersion in water. The results (n = 5) were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's multiple comparison test. For three materials (Prossimo, Artglass, and Epricord), depth of cure after polymerization with the Twinkle X unit was greater than that after polymerization with the respective proprietary units. For the Ceramage and Artglass materials, the Twinkle X unit resulted in the highest Knoop hardness number (KHN), whereas, for the Prossimo material, the Hyper LII unit resulted in the highest KHN. The metal halide units were effective in enhancing the post-polymerization properties of specific composite materials while reducing exposure time.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan. matsumura@dent.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimaki
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental; D006219:Halogens; D006244:Hardness; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; D058105:Polymerization
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D006219:Halogens