title: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of high dose short duration enrofloxacin treatment regimen for uncomplicated urinary tract infections in dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) in dogs usually are treated with antimicrobial drugs for 10-14 days. Shorter duration antimicrobial regimens have been evaluated in human patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A high dose short duration (HDSD) enrofloxacin protocol administered to dogs with uncomplicated UTI will not be inferior to a 14-day treatment regimen with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Client-owned adult, otherwise healthy dogs with aerobic bacterial urine culture yielding ≥ 10(3) CFU/mL of bacteria after cystocentesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, multicenter, controlled, randomized blinded clinical trial. Enrolled dogs were randomized to group 1 (enrofloxacin 18-20 mg/kg PO q24h for 3 days) or group 2 (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 13.75-25 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days). Urine cultures were obtained at days 0, 10, and 21. Microbiologic and clinical cure rates were evaluated 7 days after antimicrobial treatment was discontinued. Lower urinary tract signs and adverse events also were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 35 dogs in group 1 and 33 in group 2. The microbiologic cure rate was 77.1 and 81.2% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. The clinical cure rate was 88.6 and 87.9% for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Cure rates between groups did not differ according to the selected margin of noninferiority.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HDSD enrofloxacin treatment was not inferior to a conventional amoxicillin-clavulanic acid protocol for the treatment of uncomplicated bacterial UTI in dogs. Further research is warranted to determine if this protocol will positively impact owner compliance and decrease the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. jlwestropp@gmail.com
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Westropp
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Irom
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Settje
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chew
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000652:urine; D004285:Dogs; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000652:urine / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin