title: A novel flow-injection analysis system for evaluation of antioxidants by using sodium dichloroisocyanurate as a source of hypochlorite anion.
abstract: A flow injection analysis (FIA) system for evaluation of the antioxidant activity of a compound capable of scavenging a hypochlorite anion (OCl⁻), one of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), was developed. Aminophenyl fluorescein (APF), a fluorescence indicator of ROS, was mixed manually with the test compounds and the mixed solution was injected into the FIA system. The injected solution was reacted in-line with OCl⁻, that was produced by using sodium dichloroisocyanurate in the presence of 0.1 M CH3CO2Na in H2O. The fluorescence intensity of fluorescein generated from non-fluorescent APF was significantly attenuated in compounds that had a scavenging effect on OCl⁻. The precision obtained by the FIA system was satisfactory (relative standard deviation < 5.0%) and a rapid assay within 0.5 min per sample was achieved. The proposed FIA system was used to demonstrate that reduced glutathione, dithiothreitol, and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone (edaravone) showed a significant scavenging effect on OCl⁻. Therefore, the proposed FIA system can be used as a screening assay for OCl⁻-scavenging compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichiba
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yagasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukushima
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004229:Dithiothreitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077553:Edaravone; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000975:Antioxidants; D005452:Fluoresceins; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014227:Triazines; C508569:aminophenyl fluorescein; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D005978:Glutathione; C011765:troclosene; D000077553:Edaravone; D000983:Antipyrine; D004229:Dithiothreitol