title: Rev-erbα and Rev-erbβ coordinately protect the circadian clock and normal metabolic function.
abstract: The nuclear receptor Rev-erbα regulates circadian rhythm and metabolism, but its effects are modest and it has been considered to be a secondary regulator of the cell-autonomous clock. Here we report that depletion of Rev-erbα together with closely related Rev-erbβ has dramatic effects on the cell-autonomous clock as well as hepatic lipid metabolism. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts were rendered arrhythmic by depletion of both Rev-erbs. In mouse livers, Rev-erbβ mRNA and protein levels oscillate with a diurnal pattern similar to that of Rev-erbα, and both Rev-erbs are recruited to a remarkably similar set of binding sites across the genome, enriched near metabolic genes. Depletion of both Rev-erbs in liver synergistically derepresses several metabolic genes as well as genes that control the positive limb of the molecular clock. Moreover, deficiency of both Rev-erbs causes marked hepatic steatosis, in contrast to relatively subtle changes upon loss of either subtype alone. These findings establish the two Rev-erbs as major regulators of both clock function and metabolism, displaying a level of subtype collaboration that is unusual among nuclear receptors but common among core clock proteins, protecting the organism from major perturbations in circadian and metabolic physiology.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Department of Genetics, The Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bugge
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Logan J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Everett
authors.forename: Erika R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: Shannon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Mullican
authors.forename: Fenfen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jager
authors.forename: Mitchell A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lazar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016678:Genome; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056953:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099186:Histone Deacetylase 3
chemical_list: D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D056953:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000099186:Histone Deacetylase 3; C498262:Nr1d1 protein, mouse; C499650:Nr1d2 protein, mouse