title: Role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in adipose tissue dysfunction.
abstract: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is known to be closely linked to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. The angiotensin (Ang) II type 1 (AT₁) receptor mediates the major effects of Ang II in adipose tissue, and blockade of the AT₁ receptor improves insulin sensitivity, with enhanced adipocyte differentiation. In contrast, the role of angiotensin type 2 (AT₂) receptor activation in insulin sensitivity is still controversial, although AT₂ receptor functions are thought to be mutually antagonistic against those of the AT₁ receptor in the cardiovascular system. Aldosterone exerts its biological roles via the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and inhibition of MR signaling in adipose tissue ameliorates inflammation, with upregulation of insulin-mediated glucose transport and adipocyte differentiation. Clinical studies indicate that blockade of RAAS prevents the new onset of type 2 diabetes and improves the metabolic syndrome in diabetic patients. We here review the recent concepts of the roles of RAAS in adipose tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Tohon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mogi
authors.forename: Masatsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; D000804:Angiotensin II