title: Awakening salivary cortisol levels of children with sleep bruxism.
abstract: The study of factors potentially associated with sleep bruxism (SB) may contribute to a better understanding of its nature and etiology.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this way, this cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between SB and salivary cortisol levels, heart rate, and other parafunctional habits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected in 100 healthy caries-free children of both genders, aged 7.23 ± 0.60 years, with (n=27) and without (n=73) signs and symptoms of SB by interview with the parents and clinical and physical examination. Salivary cortisol was measured immediately after waking up and 30min after awakening for the determination of the area under the response curve (AURC). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, normality test, and Spearman correlation test; a stepwise logistic regression model was used to verify the association between SB, as the dependent variable, and age, gender, body mass index (BMI), heart rate, presence of sucking habit, nail biting, enuresis, and AURC (α=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  AURC did not correlate with BMI and heart rate. Only AURC showed a significant negative association with SB, while age, gender, BMI, heart rate and other parafunctional habits did not associate with SB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the studied sample, children with SB were more likely to present low concentrations of awakening salivary cortisol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Artur Riedel, 275, CEP 09972-270, Diadema, SP, Brazil. pcastelo@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Paula Midori
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Castelo
authors.forename: Taís de Souza
authors.initials: Tde S
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Luciano José
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Fernando Luiz Affonso
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Maria Beatriz Duarte
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gavião
mesh_terms: D019540:Area Under Curve; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004775:Enuresis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D009259:Nail Biting / Q000523:psychology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D020186:Sleep Bruxism / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014851:Wakefulness
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone