title: Muscle perfusion of posterior trunk and lower-limb muscles at rest and during upper-limb exercise in spinal cord-injured and able-bodied individuals.
abstract: METHODS
  Nonrandomized-controlled trial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess muscle perfusion at rest and during arm-cranking exercise (ACE) in upper and lower posterior trunk and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and controls (C).
  
  
  METHODS
  Exercise Physiology-Biochemistry Laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight SCI with thoracic lesion and eight C received injections of radioactive tracer to trapezius (TRAP), latissimus dorsi (LAT) and VL. Radioactive counts were recorded with a γ-camera for 10 min at rest and during ACE (60% VO(2max) for 20 min). Time-count curves were generated and the isotope clearance rate, expressed as half-life time (T(1/2),min), was calculated to assess muscle perfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resting T(1/2) was lower in TRAP and LAT vs VL (P<0.05) in SCI, however, there were no differences among muscles in C. Arm-cranking increased (P<0.001) the isotope clearance in TRAP and LAT in SCI and C, whereas no effect was found on T(1/2) in VL in both groups. T(1/2) was longer (P<0.05) in SCI vs C in VL at rest and during ACE, whereas there were no differences between groups in posterior trunk muscles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resting muscle perfusion was reduced in the paralyzed limbs of SCI compared with C, whereas there was no evidence of impaired microcirculation in upper and lower back muscles in SCI. Although ACE did not induce a hyperemic response in VL, it increased hyperemia in upper and lower posterior trunk muscles in SCI, suggesting beneficial effects of this type of activity on muscle microvasculature in this region.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece. zafeirid@phed-sr.auth.gr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zafeiridis
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vasiliadis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doumas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galanis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Christoforidis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kyparos
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dipla
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Vrabas
mesh_terms: D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012146:Rest; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D060726:Torso