title: [Testicular sperm cryopreservation for male fertility preservation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effectiveness of testicular sperm cryopreservation in male fertility preservation by evaluating the clinical outcome of ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm for azoospermia patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 96 samples of cryopreserved testicular sperm obtained by testicular biopsy, vasovasostomy (V-V), vasoepididymostomy (V-E) , of which 55 were subjected to 60 ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm. We evaluated the rates of sperm recovery, fertilization, cleavage, transferable and good-quality embryos, clinical pregnancy, pregnancy outcome, and health of the newborns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the frozen testicular sperm samples were recovered successfully. The rates of fertilization, 2PN fertilization, cleavage, available embryos and good-quality embryos were 77.6, 69.4, 99.4, 84.5 and 40.8%, respectively. There were transferable embryos in all cycles. Fresh embryos were transferred in 52 of the 60 cycles, with the clinical pregnancy rate of 57.7% (30/52), including 19 singletons and 11 twins, and the rates of implantation and miscarriage were 38.7% (41/106) and 3.33% (1/30). Up to the present time, there have been 20 healthy newborns, including 12 boys and 8 girls, and another 13 ongoing pregnancies. No birth defects have been found so far.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Desirable clinical outcomes can be obtained from ICSI cycles with frozen-thawed testicular sperm, and testicular sperm cryopreservation is an effective method of fertility preservation for azoospermia males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kuai
authors.forename: Zhan-Ju
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xue-Yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hui-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Wen-Li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Qin-Ping
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000628:therapy; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D059247:Fertility Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*