title: Biological screening of Scrophularia nodosa extract and its fractions.
abstract: Biological screening of Scrophularia nodosa crude extract and its fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) was carried out on phytotoxicity, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal and analgesic activities. Crude extract and its fractions produced 50-100% phytotoxicity at 1000μ/mL concentration whereas 25-77% phytotoxicity was observed at 10μ/mL concentration. The fractions exhibited significant antibacterial and antifungal effects. The non-toxic results of this plant were recorded in Brine Shrimps Bioassay method at all concentrations. Similarly no significant insecticidal activity was observed in crude extracts and fractions. Analgesic activity results of S. nodosa in mice were found highly significant in crude extract as compared to fractions. In writhing test crude extract at 500 mg/kg showed 65.6% highest inhibitory response in mice.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan. herbalist53@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mansoor
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Noor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.lastname: Mehjabeen
authors.forename: Noor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jahan
authors.forename: Syed Mahboob
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Manzoor
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.lastname: Obaidullah
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001156:Artemia; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032266:Scrophularia
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts