title: Nicotine alters the ectonucleotidases activities in lymphocytes: In vitro and in vivo studies.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects in vivo and in vitro of nicotine, an important immunosuppressive agent, on NTPDase and ADA activities in lymphocytes of adult rats. The following nicotine doses in vivo study were evaluated: 0.0, 0.25 and 1.0mg/kg/day injected subcutaneously in rats for 10days. The activity of the enzymes were significantly decreased with nicotine 0.25 and 1mg/kg which inhibited ATP (22%, 54%), ADP (44%, 30%) hydrolysis and adenosine (43%, 34%) deamination, respectively. The expression of the protein NTPDase in rat lymphocytes was decreased to nicotine 1mg/kg and the lymphocytes count was decreased in both nicotine doses studied. The purine levels measured in serum of the rats treated with nicotine 0.25mg/kg significantly increased to ATP (39%), ADP (39%) and adenosine (303%). The nicotine exposure marker was determinate by level of cotinine level which significantly increased in rats treated with nicotine 0.25 (39%) and 1mg/kg (131%) when compared to rats that received only saline. The second set of study was in vitro assay which the ATP-ADP-adenosine hydrolysis were decreased by nicotine concentrations 1mM (0% - 0% - 16%, respectively), 5mM (42% - 32% - 74%, respectively), 10mM (80% - 27% - 80%, respectively) and 50mM (96% - 49% - 98%, respectively) when compared with the control group. We suggest that alterations in the activities of these enzymes may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the suppression of immune response caused by nicotine.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gustavo Roberto
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Thomé
authors.forename: Lizielle Souza de
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Maria Rosa Chitolina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Schetinger
authors.forename: Vera Maria
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Morsch
authors.forename: Rosélia Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Spanevello
authors.forename: Amanda Maino
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fiorenza
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seres
authors.forename: Jucimara
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baldissarelli
authors.forename: Naiara
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stefanello
authors.forename: Maria Ester
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Nicéia Spanholi
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Calgaroto
authors.forename: Victor Camera
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.forename: Daniela Bitencourt Rosa
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Viviane do Carmo Gonçalves
authors.initials: Vdo C
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Jeandre Augusto dos Santos
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jaques
authors.forename: Claudio Alberto Martins
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Ritiel Corrêa da
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Flávia Valladão
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Thiesen
authors.forename: Cinthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Melazzo Mazzanti
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000378:metabolism; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003367:Cotinine / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009708:Nucleotidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011687:Purines / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D011687:Purines; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D009538:Nicotine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D009708:Nucleotidases; D003367:Cotinine; D000241:Adenosine; C030985:purine