title: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) as a coronary atherosclerosis risk factor in HIV-infected men: multicenter AIDS cohort study.
abstract: We assessed associations of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and -2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in 291 HIV-infected men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) was measured by non-contrast coronary CT imaging. Markers for herpesviruses infection were measured in frozen specimens collected 10-12 years prior to case identification. Multivariable logistic regression models and ordinal logistic regression models were performed. HSV-2 seropositivity was associated with coronary atherosclerosis (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=4.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.58-10.85) after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, cardiovascular risk factors, and HIV infection related factors. Infection with a greater number of herpesviruses was associated with elevated CAC levels (AOR=1.58, 95% CI=1.06-2.36). Our findings suggest HSV-2 may be a risk factor for subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in HIV-infected men. Infection with multiple herpesviruses may contribute to the increased burden of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Box 951772, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA.
authors.forename: Rulin C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hechter
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Budoff
authors.forename: Howard N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Hodis
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Rinaldo
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Lisa P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Lawrence A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.forename: Babafemi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Taiwo
authors.forename: Wendy S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Joseph B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Margolick
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Detels
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D061205:Vascular Calcification / Q000453:epidemiology