title: The effects of long-term exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields on bone formation in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: The effects of long-term extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure on bone formation and biochemical markers were investigated in ovariectomized rats. Sixty mature female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four different groups (n = 15): (i) unexposed control (CTL); (ii) ovariectomized only (OVX); (iii) non-ovariectomized, exposed (SHAM + ELF-MF); and (iv) ovariectomized, exposed (OVX + ELF-MF). The third and fourth groups were exposed to 1.5 mT ELF-MF for 4 h a day for 6 months. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined using dual energy X-ray absorption (DEXA) measurements. The formation and resorption of bone were evaluated using bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), osteocalcin, osteoprotogerin, and N-telopeptide. After 6 months of ELF-MF therapy, BMD values were significantly lower in the OVX group and higher in the OVX + ELF-MF and SHAM + ELF-MF groups than they were before therapy (P < 0.001). Although there was no significant difference in BMD values among the groups before therapy, the BMD values increased significantly after 6 months in the OVX + ELF-MF and SHAM + ELF-MF groups and were reduced in the OVX group compared to the CTL group (P < 0.001). The concentrations of BAP, osteocalcin, osteoprotogerin, and N-telopeptide in the three experimental groups also changed in a significant way compared to the CTL group. The results of the present study suggest that osteoporosis can be inhibited by ELF-MF stimulation treatments. It was also concluded that ELF-MF may be useful in the prevention of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Medical Faculty of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. mscelik21@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mustafa S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gur
authors.forename: Zulkuf
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Akdağ
authors.forename: Veysi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Akpolat
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Guven
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Aysegul J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sarac
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otçu
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000528:radiation effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D009928:Organ Specificity; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D010455:Peptides; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase