title: Ribosome-inactivating proteins: current status and biomedical applications.
abstract: Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are mainly present in plants and function to inhibit protein synthesis through the removal of adenine residues from eukaryotic ribosomal RNA (rRNA). They are broadly classified into two groups: type I and type II. Type I RIPs are a diverse family of proteins comprising a single polypeptide chain, whereas type II RIPs are heterodimeric glycoproteins comprising an A-chain (functionally equivalent to a type I RIP) linked via a disulphide bond to a B chain, mediating cell entry. In this review, we describe common type I and type II RIPs, their diverse biological functions, mechanism of cell entry, stability in plasma and antigenicity. We end with a discussion of promising applications for RIPs in biomedicine.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences (BioDeakin), Institute for Technology Research and Innovation, Deakin University, VIC 3217, Australia. munish.puri@deakin.edu.au
authors.forename: Munish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puri
authors.forename: Inderdeep
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Perugini
authors.forename: Raghbir C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011487:Protein Conformation; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; D054790:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 2