title: Pro-inflammatory phospholipid arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio of dysmetabolic severely obese women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fatty acids (FAs) and adipokines such as adiponectin or interleukin-6 (IL-6) are known to modulate inflammation and the development of metabolic syndrome. Whether FA composition assessed in plasma triacylglycerols (TAGs), phospholipids (PLs) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and adipose tissue (AT) PLs differed between dysmetabolic and non-dysmetabolic severely obese women remains to be established. Whether the plasma and/or AT arachidonic acid (AA)/eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) ratio in the PL sub-fraction may be associated with adipokine AT gene expression needs to be examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  FA composition was measured in plasma lipid classes and in the TAG and PL sub-fractions of subcutaneous abdominal and omental ATs of severely obese women paired for age and adiposity but showing a dysmetabolic profile (n = 13) or not (n = 14). FA profile was assessed by gas chromatography. Plasma and AT mRNA concentrations of adiponectin and IL-6 were measured by ELISA and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma adiponectin and FA concentrations in the NEFA sub-fraction were, respectively, lower and higher in dysmetabolic than in non-dysmetabolic women (p < 0.05). Despite similar FA levels in the PL sub-fraction, the AA/EPA ratio was higher in plasma and ATs (p < 0.005), because of an EPA decrease in plasma and subcutaneous abdominal fat vs. an AA increase in the omental depot. The AA/EPA ratio was negatively associated with adiponectin concentrations in plasma and subcutaneous abdominal AT (0.01 < p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic dysfunction is associated with a pro-inflammatory phospholipid AA/EPA ratio in plasma and ATs, and an altered adiponectin secretion that could contribute to developing metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Service de Biochimie, Pôle Biologie, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caspar-Bauguil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fioroni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galinier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Allenbach
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pujol
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvayre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cartier
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biron
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marceau
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Casteilla
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pénicaud
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mauriège
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D015850:Interleukin-6; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid