title: Diphenyl diselenide attenuates hepatic and hematologic toxicity induced by chlorpyrifos acute exposure in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we investigated the effect of diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)(2)] on chlorpyrifos (CPF)-induced hepatic and hematologic toxicity in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were pre-treated with (PhSe)(2) (5 mg/kg) via the oral route (oral gavage) once a day for 7 days. On the eighth and ninth days, rats were treated with (PhSe)(2) (5 mg/kg) 30 min prior to CPF (50 mg/kg, by subcutaneous route). The aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities were determined in plasma of rats. Lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, and non-protein thiol levels as well as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and gluthatione S-transferase activities were determined in livers of rats. Hematological parameters were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that CPF caused hepatic oxidative damage, as demonstrated by an increase in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels which was associated with a decrease in antioxidant defenses. CPF exposure caused a reduction in the leukocyte, indicating hematologic toxicity. (PhSe)(2) was effective in attenuating these toxic effects caused by CPF exposure in rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that (PhSe)(2) was effective in protecting the hepatic and hematologic toxicity induced by acute CPF exposure in rats.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carmine Inês
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Acker
authors.forename: Ana Cristina Guerra
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Maurício Portella
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Cinthia Melazzo
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mazzanti
authors.forename: Cristina Wayne
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Nogueira
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000032:analysis; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000032:analysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D007306:Insecticides; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; C061132:diphenyldiselenide; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos