title: Evidence against a chondritic Earth.
abstract: The (142)Nd/(144)Nd ratio of the Earth is greater than the solar ratio as inferred from chondritic meteorites, which challenges a fundamental assumption of modern geochemistry--that the composition of the silicate Earth is 'chondritic', meaning that it has refractory element ratios identical to those found in chondrites. The popular explanation for this and other paradoxes of mantle geochemistry, a hidden layer deep in the mantle enriched in incompatible elements, is inconsistent with the heat flux carried by mantle plumes. Either the matter from which the Earth formed was not chondritic, or the Earth has lost matter by collisional erosion in the later stages of planet formation.
authors.affiliation: Research School of Earth Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia. Ian.Campbell@anu.edu.au
authors.forename: Ian H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Hugh St C
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: O'Neill