title: [The role of methylglyoxal metabolism in type-2 diabetes and its complications].
abstract: Transient or chronic hyperglycaemia increases the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and aldehydes. The accumulation of reactive aldehydes is implicated in the development of diabetic complications. Methylglyoxal, a glucose dependent α-dicarbonyl might be the most important reactive aldehyde in diabetes and its complications. Diabetes was the first disease in which evidence emerged for the increased formation of methylglyoxal in the cells and in the serum. Methylglyoxal has a toxic effect on insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells, and on modifications of proteins and nucleic acids. Moreover, methylglyoxal is one of the major precursors of advanced glycation end-products. The glyoxalase enzyme system that exists in all mammalian cells is catalyzing the detoxification of methylglyoxal. This review summarizes the methylglyoxal metabolism in normoglycaemic and hyperglycamic conditions and the role of methylglyoxal in the development of late diabetic microvascular complications.
authors.affiliation: Semmelweis Egyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar II. Belgyógyászati Klinika Budapest Szentkirályi u. 46. 1088. zoltankender@gmail.com
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kender
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torzsa
authors.forename: Vince
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grolmusz K
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patócs
authors.forename: Adrienn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lichthammer
authors.forename: Márta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veresné Bálint
authors.forename: Károly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rácz
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reismann
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000378:metabolism*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase / Q000378:metabolism; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase