title: GDNF overexpression fails to provoke muscle recovery from botulinum toxin poisoning: a preliminary study.
abstract: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has potent axonal growth and survival effects on motoneurons. This study used transgenic Myo-GDNF mice to assess the effects of targeted GDNF overexpression on functional recovery after botulinum toxin type A (BTxA) chemodenervation. BTxA (0.1 U) was injected into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of wild-type CF1 and transgenic Myo-GDNF mice. On days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after injection, evoked muscle force production and muscle mass were measured (n = 6, for each group at each time point). Greater maximal tetanic force and calculated specific force were evoked in Myo-GDNF animals when compared with control CF1 animals at days 1, 7, and 21. However, the differences were not statistically significant. Similarly, modest reductions in muscle atrophy in the Myo-GDNF group at all time points were not statistically significant. Targeted overexpression of GDNF in the muscles of Myo-GDNF mice did not improve motor recovery in the first 21 days after BTxA chemodenervation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Kenny F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hank H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Macewan
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Mackinnon
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000139:chemically induced; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C495040:Gdnf protein, mouse; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A