title: LASP-1, a novel urinary marker for detection of bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The LIM and SH3 (LASP)-1 protein is a focal adhesion protein that has been linked to oncogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic use of the detection of LASP-1 in tumor specimens and in urine for noninvasive detection of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical staining for LASP-1 was performed on 72 archived bladder tumor specimens, and LASP-1 content was measured in 132 spontaneous urine sample sediments by Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the histologic specimens, immunohistochemical staining for LASP-1 showed abundant expression throughout the urothelium of the bladder and ureter. However, modest overexpression of LASP-1 was observed in the TCC specimens. Measurement of the LASP-1 protein concentrations in urinary cell pellets from healthy donors and bladder cancer patients was highly sensitive for the presence of TCC. The cut-off value was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. When a cut-off value of 1 ng LASP-1/500 μl of urine was used, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the assay were 83.1%, 85.3%, 83.1%, and 80.6%, respectively.The increased urinary LASP-1 content in TCC patients was attributable in part to a specific increase in cell shedding presumably caused by changes in cell adhesion, as confirmed by LASP-1 knockdown. Contamination with erythrocytes above 250 cells/μl and urinary infection gave false positive results and are therefore sample exclusion criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the absence of urinary infection or gross hematuria, urinary LASP-1 level is a promising marker for transitional cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg Medical School, Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: peter.ardelt@uniklinik-freiburg.de.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ardelt
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grünemay
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strehl
authors.forename: Cordula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jilg
authors.forename: Arkadius
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miernik
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kneitz
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Butt
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012372:ROC Curve; D012016:Reference Values; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C096353:LASP1 protein, human; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins