title: Heparan sulphate, its derivatives and analogues share structural characteristics that can be exploited, particularly in inhibiting microbial attachment.
abstract: Heparan sulphate (HS) and the related polysaccharide, heparin, exhibit conformational and charge arrangement properties, which provide a degree of redundancy allowing several seemingly distinct sequences to exhibit the same activity. This can also be mimicked by other sulphated polysaccharides, both in overall effect and in the details of interactions and structural consequences of interactions with proteins. Together, these provide a source of active compounds suitable for further development as potential drugs. These polysaccharides also possess considerable size, which bestows upon them an additional useful property: the capability of disrupting processes comprising many individual interactions, such as those characterising the attachment of microbial pathogens to host cells. The range of involvement of HS in microbial attachment is reviewed and examples, which include viral, bacterial and parasitic infections and which, in many cases, are now being investigated as potential targets for intervention, are identified.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Chimica e Biochimica, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Rudd
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Solari
authors.forename: E de Oliveira
authors.initials: Ede O
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: R M Cavalcante Pilotto
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Yates
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D006493:Heparin; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D011134:Polysaccharides