title: The relationship between GLUT-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression and 18F-FDG uptake in esophageal squamous cell cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and (18)F-FDG uptake in esophageal squamous cell cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven patients (52 male and 5 female) were included in this study. (18)F-FDG PET/CT was performed prior to the surgery. Immunohistochemistry was performed using postoperative histopathological specimens. The estimation of immunohistochemistry was conducted using scoring analysis. We investigated the correlations between maximum standardized uptake value (SUV(max)) and GLUT-1/VEGF expressions/pathologic tumor length (p-tumor length), and the relationships between pathologic T (p-T) stage and GLUT-1/VEGF expressions/SUV(max) and between lymph node metastasis (p-N) stage and GLUT-1/VEGF expressions/SUV(max).
  
  
  RESULTS
  SUV(max) significantly correlated with GLUT-1 expressions and p-tumor length (GLUT-1: r = 0.475, P < 0.001; p-tumor length: r = 0.475, P < 0.001). SUV(max) of the primary tumor had a significant relationship with p-T stage, p-N stage, and VEGF expression (p-T stage: P < 0.001; p-N stage: P = 0.037; VEGF expression: P = 0.009). There was a statistically significant difference between GLUT-1 expression and p-T stage/VEGF expression, but not p-N stage (p-T stage: P = 0.012; VEGF expression: P = 0.01; p-N stage: P = 0.572). VEGF expression had a significant relationship with p-T stage, but not with p-N stage (p-T stage: P = 0.032; p-N stage: P = 0.763).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (18)F-FDG uptake can be determined by GLUT-1 and VEGF. SUV(max) would have a connection with the tumor progression and lymph node metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, PET Center, and Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume City, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Maiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaida
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Yasumitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kage
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Naofumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayabuchi
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D047368:Tumor Burden; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18