title: Metabolite alterations in autistic children: a 1H MR spectroscopy study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the role of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in the detection of changes in cerebral metabolite levels in autistic children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study group consisted of 12 children, aged 8-15 years, who were under the care of Pediatric Neurology Department and Pediatric Rehabilitation Department of Medical University of Bialystok. The diagnosis of autism was established by neurologist, psychiatrist and psychologist in every case. All patients matched the clinical criteria of the disease according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). The control group included 16 healthy children aged 7-17. 1H MRS was performed with a single-voxel method (TE-36, TR-1500, NEX-192). The volume of interest (VOI) was located in the frontal lobe regions, separately on each side.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We showed lower N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA/Cr), γ-aminobutyric acid /creatine (GABA/Cr) and glutamate/creatine (Glx/Cr) in the frontal lobes in the study group comparing with healthy controls. The ratio of myoinositol/creatine (mI/Cr) was increased in autistic children. No differences in choline/creatine (Cho/Cr) ratio in study group and controls were found. There was a correlation between age and NAA/Cr in autistic children (R=0.593 p=0.041). No significant differences in metabolite ratios between right and left hemisphere in ASD and controls were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1)H MRS can provide important information regarding abnormal brain metabolism. Differences in NAA/Cr, GABA/Cr, Glx/Cr and mI/Cr may contribute to the pathogenesis of autism.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland. bozenakubas@interia.pl
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kubas
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kułak
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sobaniec
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tarasow
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lebkowska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walecki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline