title: In vitro inhibitory activity of essential oil vapors against Ascosphaera apis.
abstract: This work evaluates the in vitro inhibitory activity of 70 essential oils (EOs) in the vapor phase for the control of Chalkbrood disease caused by Ascosphaera apis Maassen ex Claussen (Olive et Spiltoir). Two wild strains isolated from infected honey bee colonies together with one standard collection strain were tested by the microatmosphere method. From 70 EOs, 39 exhibited an antifungal effect against A. apis standard and wild strains. The greatest antifungal action was observed for EO vapors from Armoracia rusticana, followed by Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon flexosus, Origanum vulgare and Allium sativum. An investigation of chemical composition by GC-MS revealed, that the most active EOs contained allyl isothiocyanate, citral, carvacrol and diallyl sulfides as the main constituents. The chemical composition plays a key role, as activities of different EOs from the same botanical species were different according to their composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Praha 6-Suchdol 165 21, Czech Republic. kloucek@af.czu.cz
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kloucek
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smid
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flesar
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Havlik
authors.forename: Dalibor
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Titera
authors.forename: Vojtech
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rada
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Drabek
authors.forename: Ladislav
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kokoska
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects*; D001516:Bees / Q000382:microbiology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils