title: Low density lipoprotein apheresis ameliorates interferon-γ production in patients with nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: Rapid amelioration of hypercholesterolemia in nephrotic syndrome (NS) using low density lipoprotein-apheresis (LDL-A) sometimes leads to NS remission, along with improvement of impaired biodefense system; however, the mechanism of how LDL-A affects NS is still unknown. We studied IFN-γ production under IL-12 stimulation for 24 h in whole blood from 30 NS patients, 31 non-NS patients, 35 healthy volunteers and another four persistent NS patients due to refractory focal segmental glomerulonephritis and minimal change type nephrotic syndrome. We compared IFN-γ production in whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from persistent NS patients before and after each of 14 LDL-A procedures. Finally, we studied the effect that persistent NS patients' serum before and after LDL-A had on IFN-γ production in healthy volunteers' PBMC. Whole blood IFN-γ production was significantly lower in NS patients compared with healthy volunteers or non-NS patients. In persistent NS, after LDL-A, IFN-γ production returned to normal levels. IFN-γ production in PBMC varied greatly among these patients and did not show consistent changes after LDL-A. Healthy volunteers PBMC incubated with persistent NS patients' serum obtained after LDLA showed higher IFN-γ production than before LDL-A. IFN-γ production in peripheral blood is impaired if a patient is in a nephrotic state. LDL-A might restore suppressed PBMC function in persistent NS patients, thereby ameliorating the nephrotic state, possibly through removing interfering serum factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Masatomo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yashiro
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukatsu
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muso
mesh_terms: D001781:Blood Component Removal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000628:therapy*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D007371:Interferon-gamma