title: Biological properties of solid free form designed ceramic scaffolds with BMP-2: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
abstract: Porous ceramic scaffolds are widely studied in the tissue engineering field due to their potential in medical applications as bone substitutes or as bone-filling materials. Solid free form (SFF) fabrication methods allow fabrication of ceramic scaffolds with fully controlled pore architecture, which opens new perspectives in bone tissue regeneration materials. However, little experimentation has been performed about real biological properties and possible applications of SFF designed 3D ceramic scaffolds. Thus, here the biological properties of a specific SFF scaffold are evaluated first, both in vitro and in vivo, and later scaffolds are also implanted in pig maxillary defect, which is a model for a possible application in maxillofacial surgery. In vitro results show good biocompatibility of the scaffolds, promoting cell ingrowth. In vivo results indicate that material on its own conducts surrounding tissue and allow cell ingrowth, thanks to the designed pore size. Additional osteoinductive properties were obtained with BMP-2, which was loaded on scaffolds, and optimal bone formation was observed in pig implantation model. Collectively, data show that SFF scaffolds have real application possibilities for bone tissue engineering purposes, with the main advantage of being fully customizable 3D structures.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Estudios Biofuncionales, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abarrategi
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moreno-Vicente
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Martínez-Vázquez
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Civantos
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: José Vicente
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Sanz-Casado
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martínez-Corriá
authors.forename: Fidel Hugo
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mulero
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: José Luís
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: López-Lacomba
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D016062:Porosity; D011817:Rabbits; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase