title: Central neurogenic diabetes insipidus, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, and cerebral salt-wasting syndrome in traumatic brain injury.
abstract: Central neurogenic diabetes insipidus, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, and cerebral salt-wasting syndrome are secondary events that affect patients with traumatic brain injury. All 3 syndromes affect both sodium and water balance; however, they have differences in pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Differentiating between hypernatremia (central neurogenic diabetes insipidus) and the 2 hyponatremia syndromes (syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, and cerebral salt-wasting syndrome) is critical for preventing worsening neurological outcomes in patients with head injuries.
authors.affiliation: Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children’s Hospital, Spokane, Washington 99216, USA. cnsd_ccrn@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Day
mesh_terms: D001928:Brain Diseases, Metabolic / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000451:nursing* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020790:Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing*; D007177:Inappropriate ADH Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000451:nursing*; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D013577:Syndrome