title: Arterial bleeding in pelvic trauma: priorities in angiographic embolization.
abstract: Vascular injuries are a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with blunt pelvic trauma. Up to 40% of patients with pelvic fractures related to blunt traumatic injury experience intra-abdominal or intrapelvic bleeding, which is the major determining factor of mortality. Sources of hemorrhage within the pelvis include injuries to major pelvic arterial and venous structures and vascular damage related to osseous fractures. Among patients with pelvic fractures, up to 20% require emergent transcatheter embolization, depending on the type of injury. Angiography is the gold standard for the treatment of pelvic arterial hemorrhage associated with pelvic fractures. Transcatheter techniques provide direct identification of sources of bleeding. Selective catheterization and flow-directed particulate emboli can control bleeding from small arteries at sites of injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Section of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, "A. Cardarelli" Hospital, Naples, Italy. raffaellaniola@tiscali.it
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niola
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sparano
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ignarra
authors.forename: Luigia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maglione
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*