title: Prevalence of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the relatives of patients with bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that relatives of bipolar patients would have increased rate of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsyndromal manifestations compared to demographically matched relatives of healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty consecutive patients with bipolar disorder were recruited from inpatient and outpatient units of Sisli Etfal Teaching and Research Hospital, Psychiatry Department. Seventy-three first-degree relatives of bipolar disorder group were included. A control group of first-degree relatives of individuals without DSM-IV Axis I psychopathology were also recruited. The Turkish version of the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, Wender Utah Rating Scale, Turgay's Adult ADD/ADHD DSM-IV based Diagnostic and Rating Scale were administered to participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall rate of adult ADHD in RBD group was significantly higher than RC group (9.6 vs. 1.5%; P = 0.04). Participants with adult ADHD in the RBD group had significantly higher rate of alcohol abuse compared to those without adult ADHD (14.3 vs. 1.5%; P = 0.05). Rates of OCD and dysthimia were significantly higher in the subjects with ADHD in the RBD group than the subjects without ADHD (28.6 vs. 4.5%; P = 0.02, 14.3 vs. 1.5%; P = 0.05 respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that relatives of bipolar patients have a risk for suffering from ADHD, and support the hypothesis that relatives of bipolar patients are at a risk for developing attentional and behavioral problems.
authors.affiliation: Sisli Etfal Research and Teaching Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Turkyilmaz
authors.forename: Burcu Goksan
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.forename: Oguz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Karamustafalioglu
authors.forename: Omer Akil
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: Bahadir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bakim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005192:Family Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D035781:Siblings; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult