title: Management of drug-eluting stent restenosis.
abstract: In-stent restenosis has been a longstanding problem after percutaneous coronary intervention. The introduction of the drug-eluting stent (DES) successfully reduced the rate of restenosis; however, it is not completely diminished. Although restenosis occurs less frequently compared to the bare-metal stent (BMS), DES restenosis remains a familiar problem due to the increasing total number of implanted DESs as well as the targeting of more complex lesions. In addition, worse outcomes after repeat revascularization compared to BMS restenosis are reported in DES restenosis. Management of DES restenosis is an emerging issue, which requires careful evaluation of the restenosed lesion, together with cautious determination of therapeutic strategy. In this review, available repeat revascularization procedures for DES restenosis as well as possible impacting factors on the outcomes are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1030, New York, NY 10029-6574 USA. kiyotake1@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Kiyotake
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirayama
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001918:Brachytherapy; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D015607:Stents
chemical_list: D008670:Metals; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors