title: The effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the endothelial function of patients with osteoarthritis in short term.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our primary aim was to test whether non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use may account for endothelial dysfunction (ED) in the acute period. Additionally, we also aimed to compare the effect of diclofenac and naproxen on endothelial function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were included in the study. Subjects currently receiving NSAIDs were asked to discontinue their anti-inflammatory medications (for at least 5 days) before the study. After the wash-out period, all subjects underwent vascular ultrasound measurements. Following baseline vascular imaging, patients were randomly assigned in a 1 : 1 ratio to receive either diclofenac (75 mg twice daily, n = 20), or naproxen (500 mg twice daily, n = 20) for 7 days. Endothelial function was evaluated by using the flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) method, at baseline, and after 1 week of NSAID treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 40 OA patients (4 male, 36 female). The median age of the patients was 60 ± 14 years. There were equal numbers of subjects in each treatment group. Age, sex distribution, body mass index, serum lipids, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and fasting glucose levels were similar between the diclofenac and naproxen groups (P > 0.05). The brachial artery diameter (BAD), endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (FMD%) and nitroglycerin-induced endothelium-independent vasodilatation (NTG%) values were not different between pretreatment and on the seventh day in the NSAID treatment groups (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis also showed similar values of BAD, FMD%, and NTG% between naproxen and diclofenac groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that nonselective cyclo-oxygenase antagonists naproxen and diclofenac have no effect on endothelial function during short-term use.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Rheumatology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Solmaz
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sari
authors.forename: Gercek
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akar
authors.forename: Isin
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Secil
authors.forename: Nurullah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akkoc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009288:Naproxen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004008:Diclofenac; D009288:Naproxen; D005996:Nitroglycerin