title: Comparative analysis of cholinesterase activities in food animals using modified Ellman and Michel assays.
abstract: This study investigated correlations between modified Ellman and Michel assay methods for measuring cholinesterase (ChE) activities. It also established a foundation for the applicability of measuring ChE activities in food animal species as biochemical biomarkers for evaluating exposure to and effects of organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides. Measuring ChE activities in blood and tissue is currently the most important method of confirming the diagnosis of such exposure. The study also characterized the level of ChE activity in the selected organs/tissues of these animals and determined the best organ/tissue in which to measure ChE activity. The ChE activities were found to be higher in cattle than in sheep and higher in erythrocytes than in plasma and serum. The anticoagulant heparin significantly affects AChE activity in plasma compared with ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). Of the different tissues tested, the mean of ChE activities was found to be highest in tissue from liver, followed by lung, muscle, kidney, and heart for sheep and cattle. In pigs, the ChE activities tested higher in kidney, liver, lung, muscle, and heart. The highest activities of ChE were found in pigs, followed by cattle and sheep. There was no significant difference between the modified Ellman and Michel method, but the percentage coefficient of variance (%CV) values were higher when the Michel method was used.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom. kasim.abassaskar@plymouth.ac.uk
authors.forename: Kasim Abass
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Askar
authors.forename: A Caleb
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kudi
authors.forename: A John
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Moody
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D012756:Sheep / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase