title: Clinical scale rapid expansion of lymphocytes for adoptive cell transfer therapy in the WAVE® bioreactor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To simplify clinical scale lymphocyte expansions, we investigated the use of the WAVE®, a closed system bioreactor that utilizes active perfusion to generate high cell numbers in minimal volumes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have developed an optimized rapid expansion protocol for the WAVE bioreactor that produces clinically relevant numbers of cells for our adoptive cell transfer clinical protocols.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TIL and genetically modified PBL were rapidly expanded to clinically relevant scales in both static bags and the WAVE bioreactor. Both bioreactors produced comparable numbers of cells; however the cultures generated in the WAVE bioreactor had a higher percentage of CD4+ cells and had a less activated phenotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The WAVE bioreactor simplifies the process of rapidly expanding tumor reactive lymphocytes under GMP conditions, and provides an alternate approach to cell generation for ACT protocols.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Robert P T
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Somerville
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Devillier
authors.forename: Maria R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Parkhurst
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Dudley
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D019149:Bioreactors; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D010477:Perfusion; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D007371:Interferon-gamma