title: Prediction of S-glutathionylated proteins progression in Alzheimer's transgenic mouse model using principle component analysis.
abstract: To date, prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is mainly based on clinical criteria because no well-established biochemical biomarkers for routine clinical diagnosis of AD currently exist. We developed an approach to aid in the early diagnosis of AD by using principal component analysis (PCA)-based spectral analysis of oxidized protein electrophoretic profiling. We found that the combination of capillary electrophoresis and PCA analysis of S-glutathionylation distribution characterization can be used in the sample classification and molecular weight (Mw) prediction. The comparison of leave-one-out AD versus non-AD gives the sensitivity of 100% and 93.33% in brain tissues and blood samples, respectively, while the specificity of 100% in brain and 90.0% in blood samples. Our findings demonstrate that PCA of S-glutathionylation electrophoretic profiling detects AD pathology features, and that the molecular weight based electrophoretic profiling of blood and brain S-glutathionylated proteins are sensitive to change, even at the early stage of the disease. Our results offer a previously unexplored diagnostic approach by using electrophoretic characteristics of oxidized proteins to serve as a predictor of AD progression and early stage screening.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ching-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Alan W L
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D025341:Principal Component Analysis / Q000379:methods; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins; D005978:Glutathione