title: Human monoclonal antibodies to pandemic 1957 H2N2 and pandemic 1968 H3N2 influenza viruses.
abstract: Investigation of the human antibody response to the 1957 pandemic H2N2 influenza A virus has been largely limited to serologic studies. We generated five influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA)-reactive human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) by hybridoma technology from the peripheral blood of healthy donors who were born between 1950 and 1968. Two MAbs reacted with the pandemic H2N2 virus, two recognized the pandemic H3N2 virus, and remarkably, one reacted with both the pandemic H2N2 and H3N2 viruses. Each of these five naturally occurring MAbs displayed hemagglutination inhibition activity, suggesting specificity for the globular head domain of influenza virus HA. When incubated with virus, MAbs 8F8, 8M2, and 2G1 each elicited H2N2 escape mutations immediately adjacent to the receptor-binding domain on the HA globular head in embryonated chicken eggs. All H2N2-specific MAbs were able to inhibit a 2006 swine H2N3 influenza virus. MAbs 8M2 and 2G1 shared the V(H)1-69 germ line gene, but these antibodies were otherwise not genetically related. Each antibody was able to protect mice in a lethal H2N2 virus challenge. Thus, even 43 years after circulation of H2N2 viruses, these subjects possessed peripheral blood B cells encoding potent inhibiting antibodies specific for a conserved region on the globular head of the pandemic H2 HA.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Jens C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Tshidi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsibane
authors.forename: Terrence M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Tumpey
authors.forename: Chelsey J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Huffman
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Sesma
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Sastre
authors.forename: Christopher F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Basler
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Crowe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D053121:Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D012367:RNA, Viral