title: Therapeutic vascular compliance change may cause significant variation in coronary perfusion: a numerical study.
abstract: In some pathological conditions like aortic stiffening and calcific aortic stenosis (CAS), the microstructure of the aortic root and the aortic valve leaflets are altered in response to stress resulting in changes in tissue thickness, stiffness, or both. This aortic stiffening and CAS are thought to affect coronary blood flow. The goal of the present paper was to include the flow in the coronary ostia in the previous fluid structure interaction model we have developed and to analyze the effect of diseased tissues (aortic root stiffening and CAS) on coronary perfusion. Results revealed a significant impact on the coronary perfusion due to a moderate increase in the aortic wall stiffness and CAS (increase of the aortic valve leaflets thickness). A marked drop of coronary peak velocity occurred when the values of leaflet thickness and aortic wall stiffness were above a certain threshold, corresponding to a threefold of their normal value. Consequently, mild and prophylactic treatments such as smoking cessation, exercise, or diet, which have been proven to increase the aortic compliance, may significantly improve the coronary perfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada. soroush.nobari@mail.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nobari
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mongrain
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leask
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cartier
mesh_terms: D001011:Aorta / Q000503:physiopathology; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000503:physiopathology; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009716:Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology