title: Management of the nasolacrimal system during transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy (TEMM) for sinonasal tumors, the nasolacrimal duct (NLD) is resected as it forms part of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus. This disrupts the nasolacrimal drainage system. To ensure that epiphora does not develop  after such resection, an endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is traditionally performed. This is based primarily on prior experience with open medial maxilloethmoidectomy. It is unclear whether a concurrent DCR during endoscopic medial maxillectomy is necessary, however. This study was  designed to compare patients undergoing TEMM with or without concurrent DCR for postoperative patency of the NLD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective cohort study comparing12 patients undergoing TEMM, 5 with concurrent DCR and 7 without, to assess for patency of the NLD system.  In the group that underwent a concurrent DCR, a Jones silastic stent was inserted for 2-3 months. Patients were followed for a minimum of 1 year for assessment of epiphora. The patency of the NLD was judged by clinical and qualitative evidence for epiphora.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the patients in either group developed epiphora. All were completely symptom free for epiphora during the follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that after TEMM, patients do not develop epiphora, whether or not a concurrent DCR is performed. Hence, a concurrent  DCR does not seem necessary during TEMM.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. nsadeghi@mfa.gwu.edu
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
authors.forename: Arjun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joshi
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery; D008444:Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies