title: Regulation of mammalian mitochondrial translation by post-translational modifications.
abstract: Mitochondria are responsible for the production of over 90% of the energy in eukaryotes through oxidative phosphorylation performed by electron transfer and ATP synthase complexes. Mitochondrial translation machinery is responsible for the synthesis of 13 essential proteins of these complexes encoded by the mitochondrial genome. Emerging data suggest that acetyl-CoA, NAD(+), and ATP are involved in regulation of this machinery through post-translational modifications of its protein components. Recent high-throughput proteomics analyses and mapping studies have provided further evidence for phosphorylation and acetylation of ribosomal proteins and translation factors. Here, we will review our current knowledge related to these modifications and their possible role(s) in the regulation of mitochondrial protein synthesis using the homology between mitochondrial and bacterial translation machineries. However, we have yet to determine the effects of phosphorylation and acetylation of translation components in mammalian mitochondrial biogenesis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondrial Gene Expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25755, USA. koce@marshall.edu
authors.forename: Emine C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Koc
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koc
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D054629:Genome, Mitochondrial; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins