title: [Intraoperative events unexpected and conversion in patients laparoscopic cholecystectomy: male and independent risk factor].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have been done trying to confirm the impression that laparascopic cholecystecotmy tends to be more complicacted and takes longer in men than in women. The analysis of sex as an independent risk factor has been done in various studies with mixed results.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess if male gender is an independent risk factor for unexpected intraoperative events, conversion and longer operating time in a restrospective cohort based on a population of 1029 patients from one surgeon in a national hospital in Lima, from 1996 to 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relationship between three variables (unexpected intraoperative events, operative time and conversion) and male gender was analyzed in 1023 patients (151 male, 872 female). Multivariate analysis was performed for two of these variables (unexpected intraoperative events and operating time).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male gender had an adjusted RR of 1.22 [1.05 - 1.42] (p= 0.007) for unexpected intraoperative events. Male gender had an adjusted RR of 1.11 [1.00 - 1.25] (p= 0.048) for increased operating time compared to women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that male gender is an independent risk factor for unexpected intraoperative events and longer operating time.
authors.affiliation: Egresado Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bebko Roig
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arrarte Stahr
authors.forename: Luis Ignacio
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Larrabure McLauchlan
authors.forename: Giuliano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borda Luque
authors.forename: Frine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Samalvides Cubas
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baracco
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors