title: Coexistence of visceral fat and multiple risk factor accumulations is strongly associated with coronary artery disease in Japanese (the VACATION-J study).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple risk factor syndrome is a target for the prevention of coronary artery disease (CAD). A cluster of multiple risk factors, such as hypertension, glucose intolerance, and/or dyslipidemia, is encountered in Japanese without and with excess visceral fat. The present study investigated the relationship between multiple risk factor accumulation and CAD in Japanese without and with visceral fat accumulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects comprised 257 Japanese with suspected CAD (males/females= 153/ 104), who underwent 64-row multislice computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography and visceral fat area (VFA) measurement by CT. Based on the Japanese criteria for visceral fat accumulation, they were divided into those with VFA <100 and ≥10 cm(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In subjects with VFA <100 cm(2), the age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for 2 and 3 risk factors were 5.33 (95% confidence intervals; 1.04-27.38, p=0.0449) and 4.07 (0.72-23.15, p=0.1138), respectively, compared with VFA <100 cm(2) and 0 risk factor set at 1.0 (p=0.0569 for trend). In contrast, the respective ORs for subjects with VFA ≥100 cm(2) were much higher [6.46 (1.25-33.44, p=0.0261) and 20.42 (3.60-115.73, p=0.0007)] (p<0.0001 for trend). The multivariate adjusted model demonstrated a significant relative excess CAD risk of 1.08 (p=0.0484) and 5.01 (p<0.0001) for the interactions of 2 risk factors and VFA ≥100 cm(2), and 3 risk factors and VFA ≥100 cm(2), whereas multiple risk factor accumulation was not related with the increase of CAD risk in subjects with VFA <100 cm(2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coexistence of visceral fat and risk factor accumulations is strongly associated with CAD in Japanese.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hiuge-Shimizu
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishida
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funahashi
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okutsu
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kametani
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshizumi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuzawa
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sumitsuji
authors.forename: Iichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed