title: Invasive and noninvasive ventilation in the emergency department.
abstract: This article reviews invasive and noninvasive ventilation for emergency physicians. It presents an overview of respiratory physiology principles that will help emergency physicians adapt their ventilation strategies to any clinical situation. The basic modes of ventilation are summarized. The advantages and limitations of certain novel modes of ventilation are presented. This review highlights a variety of ventilation strategies to be used for patients with normal lung mechanics and gas exchange, acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, decreased lung compliance, airflow obstruction, and weakness or restriction of the chest wall. This article will help clinicians prevent, recognize, and treat complications of mechanical ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada. patrick.m.archambault@gmail.com
authors.forename: Patrick M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Archambault
authors.forename: Maude
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: St-Onge
mesh_terms: D004630:Emergencies; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical