title: Prognosis of hospitalized patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza in Spain: influence of neuraminidase inhibitors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The H1N1 influenza pandemic strain has been associated with a poor prognosis in hospitalized patients. The present report evaluates the factors influencing prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 813 patients hospitalized with H1N1 influenza in 36 hospitals (nationwide) in Spain were analysed. Detailed histories of variables preceding hospital admission were obtained by interview, validating data on medications and vaccine with their attending physicians. Data on treatment and complications during hospital stay were recorded. As definition of poor outcome, the endpoints of death and admission to intensive care were combined; and as a further outcome, length of stay was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 38.5 years (SD 22.8 years). There were 10 deaths and 79 admissions to intensive care (combined, 88). The use of neuraminidase inhibitors was reported by 495 patients (60.9%). The variables significantly associated with a poor outcome were diabetes (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.21-4.02), corticosteroid therapy (OR = 3.37, 95% CI = 1.39-8.20) and use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists (OR = 2.68, 95% CI = 1.14-6.36), while the use of neuraminidase inhibitors (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.34-0.94) was protective. Neuraminidase inhibitors within the first 2 days after the influenza onset reduced hospital stay by a mean of 1.9 days (95% CI = 4.7-6.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of neuraminidase inhibitors decreases the length of hospital stay and admission to intensive care and/or death.
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Jaén, Campus de las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain. mdelgado@ujaen.es
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delgado-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castilla
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soldevila
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Jenaro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Astray
authors.forename: Maretva
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baricot
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cantón
authors.forename: Ady
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gónzález-Candelas
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mayoral
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.forename: Tomás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pumarola
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamames
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sáez
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Domínguez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003422:Critical Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D013030:Spain; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D009439:Neuraminidase