title: Recurrent IVF failure: other factors.
abstract: IVF failure is a problem for a couple in the singular but can be a tragedy in the plural. Recurrent IVF failure has multiple known causes but many which are not routinely considered as part of the posttreatment analysis. The reason is there are several causes associated with lifestyle and other causes related to pre-existing conditions that have only a tenuous or no apparent connection to fertility. This article examines the impact of obesity, cigarette smoke, uterine anatomy, body mass index, thyroid dysfunction, immune factors, the hereditary and acquired thrombophilias, and embryo transfer technique on recurrent IVF failure.
authors.affiliation: Boston IVF, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, USA. alan.penzias@bostonivf.com
authors.forename: Alan S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Penzias
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000009:adverse effects; D004717:Endometrium / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000150:complications; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities