title: Correlation between substrate location and ablation strategy in patients with ventricular tachycardia late after myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The requirement for epicardial radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is still undefined in ventricular tachycardia (VT) late after myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the need for epicardial RFA and the clinical and electrophysiologic characteristics of VT late after MI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endocardial mapping and RFA were performed for VT late after MI, followed by epicardial mapping and RFA if no endocardial substrate was present or endocardial RFA failed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy patients with VT late after MI (30 anterior MI [A-MI] and 40 posteroinferior MI [PI-MI]) were included in the study. Forty-one VTs in patients with A-MI and 64 VTs in patients with PI-MI were targeted for RFA. Epicardial mapping and ablation were attempted in 6 patients and performed successfully in only 4 patients. All 6 (100%) patients requiring epicardial access had PI-MIs. Patients with epicardial RFA had endocardial low-voltage areas of smaller size compared to patients without epicardial RFA (21 ± 13 cm(2) vs 68 ± 40 cm(2); P <.01). During 25 ± 19 months of follow-up, recurrence after the initial procedure was noted in 12 of 30 patients (40%) with A-MI and in 18 of 40 patients (45%) with PI-MI. There was no significant difference between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the majority of patients, clinical and slower VTs late after MI can be abolished using endocardial RFA. Rarely indicated, epicardial RFA is more commonly required in patients with small-sized PI-MI. During follow-up, VT recurrence after successful RFA is common.
authors.affiliation: II Medizinische Abteilung, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshiga
authors.forename: Shibu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wissner
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tilz
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuernkranz
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Metzner
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rillig
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konstantinidou
authors.forename: Miyako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kuck
authors.forename: Feifan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ouyang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D056988:Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D056149:Epicardial Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D056989:Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome