title: Frequency of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in acute ischaemic stroke patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in acute ischaemic stroke patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from June 2007 - June 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included adult patients (age > 30 years, both genders) with the diagnosis of acute ischaemic stroke. Patients who were known to have diabetes mellitus prior to stroke, had a non-lacunar stroke or were admitted to intensive care units for any reason were excluded. Detailed history and examination, fasting blood sugar, fasting lipid profile, a non-enhanced CT scan brain and electrocardiogram were done on every patient. Data were entered on a preformed proforma. The results were analyzed on SPSS version 10. Chi-square test was applied. P-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 250 patients were enrolled. The male: female ratio was 1: 0.9. Mean age was observed as 60.9±10.1 years. In total, 50 new cases of diabetes mellitus were identified (20%). Average fasting blood sugar in diabetic subjects was 148±10 mg/dl. The most common risk factors in the newly diagnosed diabetic subjects were hypertension 26 (52%), smoking 18 (36%) and hyperlipidemia 14 (28%). Atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction were seen in 12 subjects (24%) and 9 subjects (18%) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Twenty percent patients with acute ischaemic stroke had un-diagnosed diabetes. Therefore, it is advisable to screen acute stroke patients for diabetes to reduce their long-term morbidity and mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre.
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zahra
authors.forename: Saera Suhail
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kidwai
authors.forename: Shaista A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Siddiqi
authors.forename: Rashid Mohammad
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose