title: Waist circumference is an independent risk factor for prostatic hyperplasia in Taiwanese males.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common disease affecting older males. As obesity becomes an increasing problem worldwide, its role in prostatic hypertrophy has been discussed recently. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between waist circumferences and prostatic hyperplasia in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 539 men enrolled in the study who had health examinations at the Healthcare Center of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; 53 were excluded because of history of conditions affecting prostatic volume. Their anthropometry was measured and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels as well as lipid profiles were analyzed. Prostate volume was measured by transrectal ultrasonography performed by experienced urologists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean prostate volume was 26.43 mL, whereas mean body mass index (BMI) was 25.27 kg/m(2) and mean waist circumference (WC) was 90.81 cm. By age-adjusted logistic regression, PSA > 4 ng/mL, WC ≥ 90 cm, and BMI > 24 kg/m(2) are associated with increased risk of developing prostatic hyperplasia; only WC ≥ 90 cm can be validated by multiple logistic regression. Further analysis of obesity patterns showed that abdominal overweight/obesity places patients at increased risk independently rather than high WC or high BMI alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study results showed that waist circumference ≥ 90 cm is an independent risk factor of prostatic hyperplasia in Taiwan. Men with abdominal overweight/obesity (WC ≥ 90 cm and BMI > 24 kg/m(2)) have a twofold risk of developing prostatic hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsu-Han
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chi-Jeng
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Kuo-Jen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Sheng-Hsien
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Cheng-Keng
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Hsiao-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Min-Li
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Ta-Min
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kuan-Lin
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hsin-Chien
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yu-Chao
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Yang-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen