title: An acoustic glucose sensor.
abstract: In vivo glucose monitoring is required for tighter glycaemic control. This report describes a new approach to construct a miniature implantable device based on a magnetic acoustic resonance sensor (MARS). A ≈ 600-800 nm thick glucose-responsive poly(acrylamide-co-3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid) (poly(acrylamide-co-3-APB)) film was polymerised on the quartz disc (12 mm in diameter and 0.25 mm thick) of the MARS. The swelling/shrinking of the polymer film induced by the glucose binding to the phenylboronate caused changes in the resonance amplitude of the quartz disc in the MARS. A linear relationship between the response of the MARS and the glucose concentration in the range ≈ 0-15 mM was observed, with the optimum response of the MARS sensor being obtained when the polymer films contained ≈ 20 mol% 3-APB. The MARS glucose sensor also functioned under flow conditions (9 μl/min) with a response almost identical to the sensor under static or non-flow conditions. The results suggest that the MARS could offer a promising strategy for developing a small subcutaneously implanted continuous glucose monitor.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QT, UK.
authors.forename: Ruifen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QT, UK.
authors.forename: Adrian C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QT, UK. Electronic address: crl1@biotech.cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lowe
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001897:Boronic Acids; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D008280:Magnetics; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001897:Boronic Acids; C083112:poly(AAm-co-PBA)