title: Determination of prostate cancer risk factors in Isfahan, Iran: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was conducted in order to determine the risk factors of prostate cancer in Isfahan, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case-control study 95 cases of incident, pathologically confirmed PC and 95 controls were recruited. Odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk of prostate cancer increased with increasing age (OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.13; p < 0.001). A positive family history of prostate cancer was also a significant risk factor (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.9; p = 0.03). Increased dietary intake tomato sauce was associated with a significantly declined risk of prostate cancer (OR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01-0.40; p < 0.001). Prostate cancer risk was not affected by Smoking, alcohol consumption, history of vasectomy, diabetes mellitus, sexually transmitted diseases, and dietary garlic and fat intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that increased age and positive family history of prostate cancer could be considered as some potential risk factors of prostate cancer in the studied population. Moreover, a higher intake of tomato sauce was found to have a protective effect against prostate cancer. Key words: Prostate cancer, risk factor, Iran.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Alzahra University Hospital Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mazdak
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazdak
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jamali
authors.forename: Ammar Hassanzadeh
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Keshteli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors