title: Of ens 'n' ands: observations on the phonetic make-up of a coordinator and its uses in talk-in-interaction.
abstract: In grammar books, the various functions of and as phrasal coordinator and clausal conjunction are treated as standard knowledge. In addition, studies on the uses of and in everyday talk-in-interaction have described its discourse-organizational functions on a more global level. In the phonetic literature, in turn, a range of phonetic forms of and have been listed. Yet, so far few studies have related the phonetic features of and to its function. This contribution surveys a range of phonetic forms of and in a corpus of private American English telephone conversations. It shows that the use of forms such as [ænd], [εn], or [en], among others, is not random but, in essence, correlates with the syntactic-pragmatic scope of and and the cognitive closeness of the items the and connects. This, in turn, allows the phonetic design of and to contribute to the organization of turn-taking. The findings presented are based on conversation-analytic and interactional-linguistic methodology, which includes quantitative analyses.
authors.affiliation: Hermann Paul School of Language Sciences, Freiburg, Germany. dagmar.barth-weingarten@hpsl.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barth-Weingarten
mesh_terms: D003463:Cues; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D010700:Phonetics; D012919:Social Behavior; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013060:Speech; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D013997:Time Factors; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014833:Voice Quality