title: Medial epicondyle fractures in the pediatric population.
abstract: Humeral medial epicondyle fractures in the pediatric population account for up to 20% of elbow fractures, 60% of which are associated with elbow dislocation. Isolated injuries can occur from either direct trauma or avulsion. Medial epicondyle fractures also occur in combination with elbow dislocations. Traditional management by cast immobilization increasingly is being replaced with early fixation and mobilization. Relative indications for surgical fixation include ulnar nerve entrapment, gross elbow instability, and fractures in athletic or other patients who require high-demand upper extremity function. Absolute indications for surgical intervention are an incarcerated fragment in the joint or open fractures. Radiographic assessment of these injuries and their true degree of displacement remain controversial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Hilton P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Gottschalk
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eisner
authors.forename: Harish S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Hosalkar
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000098:blood supply; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006810:Humeral Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D007103:Immobilization; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000092464:Elbow Injuries