title: Music therapy:  decreasing anxiety in the ventilated patient: a review of the literature.
abstract: Increased anxiety levels are a common problem for mechanically ventilated patients. Heightened anxiety and lack of effective treatment options result in negative patient outcomes. Music therapy has been documented as an effective nursing intervention to manage anxiety in ventilator-dependent patients. Seven studies examining the effectiveness of music therapy in ventilator-dependent patients are reviewed in this literature review.
authors.affiliation: Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 566 Parker Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19128, USA. Theresa.m.davis@gmail.com
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D009147:Music Therapy; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology*