title: Cytotoxic potential of vasoconstrictor experimental gingival retraction agents: in vitro study on primary human gingival fibroblasts.
abstract: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate           the cytotoxic effects of the vasoconstrictor experimental           gingival retraction agents (VEGRAs) in a           dynamic setting. The strong cytotoxic effects of the           astringent-based conventional gingival retraction           agents (ACGRAs) on human gingival fibroblasts           (HGFs) in vitro was our motivation to evaluate the           biocompatibility of the vasoconstrictor-based experimental           gingival retraction agents (VEGRAs) for the           selected minimally invasive chemical agent. These           agents were used to create three self-made retraction           gels. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were treated           with two groups of retraction agents: 1) three α-           and β-adrenergic agents (VEGRA-αβ-s) based on           0.1%, 0.01% and 0.05% HCl-epinephrine, and 2)           seven α-adrenergic agents (VEGRA-α-s), including           two commercially available 0.05% HCl-tetrahydrozoline           solutions, one 0.05% HCl-oxymetazoline solution,           10% HCl-phenylephrine solution, and three           new self-made experimental 0.05% HCl-tetrahydro           zoline-based gels. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium           (MTT) colorimetric assay was performed to determine           the oxidoreductive mitochondrial function after           3, 5, 10 min and 24 h of incubation. The cytotoxic           effect, measured by cell viability lower than the 50%           threshold, was not observed at any time period, even           24 h after application of 0.05% HCl-tetrahydrozolinebased           self-manufactured retraction gels. High cell viability           values of human gingival fibroblasts after the           treatment with the three self-made 0.05% HCl-tetrahydrozoline-           based gels may serve as a basis for           further studies aimed at selecting the best retraction           agents biocompatible with gingival margin tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. michal@bioch.am.wroc.pl
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nowakowska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saczko
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulbacka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Choromanska
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Raszewski
mesh_terms: D001252:Astringents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology*; D060745:Gingival Retraction Techniques; D006801:Humans; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001252:Astringents; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D004837:Epinephrine