title: Urinary volatile compounds as biomarkers for lung cancer.
abstract: Lung cancer is a leading cause of deaths in cancer. Hence, developing early-stage diagnostic tests that are non-invasive, highly sensitive, and specific is crucial. In this study, we investigated to determine whether biomarkers derived from urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be used to discriminate between lung cancer patients and normal control patients. The VOCs were extracted from the headspace by solid-phase microextraction and were analyzed by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Nine putative volatile biomarkers were identified as elevated in the lung cancer group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was also performed, and the markers were found to be highly sensitive and specific. Next we used principal component analysis (PCA) modeling to make comparisons compare within the lung cancer group, and found that 2-pentanone may have utility in differentiating between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Bioscience Technology Development Office, Panasonic Corporation, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hanai
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimono
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vachani
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Albelda
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Gary K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Beauchamp
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oka
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010422:Pentanones / Q000652:urine*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012372:ROC Curve; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D010422:Pentanones; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; C076402:2-pentanone