title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of RAD51 G135C, XRCC2 Arg188His and XRCC3 Thr241Met homologous recombination repair genes and the risk of sporadic endometrial cancer in Polish women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The genes RAD51, XRCC2 and XRCC3 encode proteins that are important for the repair of double-strand DNA breaks by homologous recombination. Therefore, genetic variability in these genes may contribute to the occurrence and progression of endometrial cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subject of investigation in the reported study was the distribution of genotypes and the prevalence of alleles of the RAD51 G135C, XRCC2 Arg188His and XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism in 230 cases of sporadic endometrial cancer; the polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment-length polymorphism methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The obtained results demonstrated a significant positive association between the RAD51 C/C genotype and endometrial carcinoma, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 3.75 (P < 0.0001). The homozygous C/C genotype was found in 72% of endometrial cancer cases and in 19% of the used controls. The variant 135C allele of RAD51 increased the cancer risk (OR = 1.64 [1.28-2.10]P < 0.0001). There were no significant differences between the distribution of G135C, Arg188His and Thr241Met genotypes in the subgroups assigned to histological grades.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The obtained results indicate that the polymorphism of RAD51, but not of either XRCC2 or XRCC3 genes, may be positively associated with the incidence of endometrial carcinoma in the population of Polish women. Further studies, including those on a larger group of patients, are required to further clarify this point.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pathology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Romanowicz-Makowska
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smolarz
authors.forename: Ireneusz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Połać
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sporny
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011044:Poland; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C110901:X-ray repair cross complementing protein 3; C113187:XRCC2 protein, human; C495153:RAD51 protein, human; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase