title: Short latency afferent inhibition associated with cortical compression and memory impairment in patients with chronic subdural hematoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cortical excitability in patients with mild cortical compression.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study used short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and short latency afferent inhibition (SAI) to evaluate motor cortex excitability in 16 chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) patients with memory impairment and compared the data with those of 16 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SAI was reduced in patients compared with controls (99±14 vs. 47±11% of the test size; p<0.0001, unpaired t-test). CSDH patients tended to have a high resting motor threshold and less pronounced SICI and ICF than controls, but these differences were not significant. Treatment of hematoma improved memory impairment and SAI in CSDH patients with wide individual variations that ranged from an increase of 74% to 17% of test size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that measuring SAI may provide a means of probing the integrity of cortical cholinergic networks in a compressed human brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamach, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujiki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ooba
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Takamitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hikawa
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004576:Electromyography; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor; D005260:Female; D020200:Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology; D009433:Neural Inhibition; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation