title: Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin glycoside alleviates ultraviolet-B irradiation-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts.
abstract: Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin glycoside from the roots and rhizomes of licorice is used in traditional and modern medicine for the treatment of numerous medical conditions including skin diseases and beauty care product. In the present study, we investigated the effect of GA against ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and its possible mechanism of action. HDFs were subjected to photoaging by sub-toxic dose of UVB (10 mj/cm(2)) irradiation. Cell viability, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), pro-collagen 1, cellular and nuclear morphology, cell cycle, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase 3 and hyaluronidase inhibition assays were performed. Western blotting was used to evaluate the expression of NF-kappa B (NF-κB) and cytochrome-C proteins. GA treatment significantly inhibited photoaging. It achieved this by reducing ROS, NF-κB, cytochrome c, caspase 3 levels and inhibiting hyaluronidase enzyme. The main mechanism seems to be, most likely by blocking MMP1 activation by modulating NF-κB signaling. These findings may be useful for development of natural and safe photoprotective agents against UVB irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Jammu Tawi, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
authors.forename: Quadri
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Afnan
authors.forename: Mushtaq Dar
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Adil
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nissar-Ul
authors.forename: Ahmad Rather
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rafiq
authors.forename: Hussian Faridi
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Amir
authors.forename: Peerzada
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Vijay Kumar
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vishwakarma
authors.forename: Sheikh Abdullah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Tasduq
mesh_terms: D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D027343:Rhizome; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D045304:Cytochromes c; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; D053148:Caspase 3