title: Elimination of local abnormal ventricular activities: a new end point for substrate modification in patients with scar-related ventricular tachycardia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is effective and particularly useful in patients with frequent defibrillator interventions. Various substrate modification techniques have been described for unmappable or hemodynamically intolerable VT. Noninducibility is the most frequently used end point but is associated with significant limitations, so the optimal end point remains unclear. We hypothesized that elimination of local abnormal ventricular activities (LAVAs) during sinus rhythm or ventricular pacing would be a useful and effective end point for substrate-based VT ablation. As an adjunct to this strategy, we used a new high-density mapping catheter and frequently used epicardial mapping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy patients (age, 67±11 years; 7 female) with VT and structurally abnormal ventricle(s) were prospectively enrolled. Conventional mapping was performed in sinus rhythm in all, and a high-density Pentaray mapping catheter was used in the endocardium (n=35) and epicardially. LAVAs were recorded in 67 patients (95.7%; 95% confidence interval, 89.2-98.9). Catheter ablation was performed targeting LAVA with an irrigated-tip catheter placed endocardially via a transseptal or retrograde aortic approach or epicardially via the subxiphoid approach. LAVAs were successfully abolished or dissociated in 47 of 67 patients (70.1%; 95% confidence interval, 58.7-80.1). In multivariate analysis, LAVA elimination was independently associated with a reduction in recurrent VT or death (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.95; P=0.035) during long-term follow-up (median, 22 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LAVAs can be identified in most patients with scar-related VT. Elimination of LAVAs is feasible and safe and is associated with superior survival free from recurrent VT.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Avenue de Magellan, Bordeaux-Pessac, France. pierre.jais@chu-bordeaux.fr
authors.forename: Pierre
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authors.lastname: Jaïs
authors.forename: Philippe
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authors.lastname: Maury
authors.forename: Paul
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authors.lastname: Khairy
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sacher
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nault
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Mélèze
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hocini
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forclaz
authors.forename: Amir S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Jadidi
authors.forename: Rukshen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weerasooryia
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Nicolas
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authors.lastname: Derval
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cochet
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knecht
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Linton
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rivard
authors.forename: Matthew
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authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Wilton
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scherr
authors.forename: Patrizio
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authors.lastname: Pascale
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roten
authors.forename: Michala
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authors.lastname: Pederson
authors.forename: Pierre
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authors.lastname: Bordachar
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Jacques
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mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018780:Body Surface Potential Mapping / Q000379:methods; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000601:surgery; D056149:Epicardial Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012086:Reoperation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*