title: A pan-H1 anti-hemagglutinin monoclonal antibody with potent broad-spectrum efficacy in vivo.
abstract: Seasonal epidemics caused by antigenic variations in influenza A virus remain a public health concern and an economic burden. The isolation and characterization of broadly neutralizing anti-hemagglutinin monoclonal antibodies (MAb) have highlighted the presence of highly conserved epitopes in divergent influenza A viruses. Here, we describe the generation and characterization of a mouse monoclonal antibody designed to target the conserved regions of the hemagglutinin of influenza A H1 viruses, a subtype that has caused pandemics in the human population in both the 20th and 21st centuries. By sequentially immunizing mice with plasmid DNA encoding the hemagglutinin of antigenically different H1 influenza A viruses (A/South Carolina/1/1918, A/USSR/92/1977, and A/California/4/2009), we isolated and identified MAb 6F12. Similar to other broadly neutralizing MAb previously described, MAb 6F12 has no hemagglutination inhibition activity against influenza A viruses and targets the stalk region of hemagglutinins. As designed, it has neutralizing activity against a divergent panel of H1 viruses in vitro, representing 79 years of antigenic drift. Most notably, MAb 6F12 prevented gross weight loss against divergent H1 viruses in passive transfer experiments in mice, both in pre- and postexposure prophylaxis regimens. The broad but specific activity of MAb 6F12 highlights the potent efficacy of monoclonal antibodies directed against a single subtype of influenza A virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Gene S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Krammer
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eggink
authors.forename: Alita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kongchanagul
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001835:Body Weight; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; C483468:hemagglutinin, human influenza A virus