title: Simultaneous treatment of renal cysts and stones with single-session retroperitoneoscopic renal cyst decortication and retroperitoneoscopy-assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine the safety and efficacy of single-session retroperitoneoscopic renal cyst decortication in conjunction with retroperitoneoscopy-assisted percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for simultaneous treatment of renal cysts and stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 15 patients (10 men and 5 women, mean age 41 years), who underwent one-stage retroperitoneoscopic renal cyst decortication and retroperitoneoscopy-assisted PCNL between January 2008 and May 2009 for symptomatic renal cysts and concomitant large kidney stones (mean stone area 6.6 cm(2)). Intraoperative blood loss, duration of operation, and postoperative complications were evaluated. Median follow-up time was 22 months (range 12-26).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average total operative time was 83 ± 12 min and mean duration of PCNL was 45 ± 5 min. Mean estimated blood loss was 80 ± 21 ml. A plain abdominal radiograph revealed an absence of residual stones in all cases. No cyst recurrence occurred within the follow-up period. The mean pre- and postoperative pain score was 7.3 ± 0.8 and 2.8 ± 0.6, respectively. All patients resumed ambulatory activities on the first postoperative day. No severe complications related to the procedure were encountered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined laparoscopic approach for simultaneous treatment of renal cysts and stones is safe and feasible. These results encourage further studies to determine long-term outcomes of this combined surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. qjg702@qq.com
authors.forename: Jianguang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Dejuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xihui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Youqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Xiaoxu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D052177:Kidney Diseases, Cystic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome