title: The antifolates.
abstract: This article focuses on the cellular, biochemical, and molecular pharmacology of antifolates and how a basic understanding of the mechanism of action of methotrexate, its cytotoxic determinants, mechanisms of resistance, and transport into and out of cells has led to the development of a new generation of antifolates, a process that continues in the laboratory and in the clinics. New approaches to folate-based cancer chemotherapy are described based on the targeted delivery of drugs to malignant cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and the Albert Einstein Cancer Center, The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Visentin
authors.forename: Rongbao
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: I David
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005493:Folic Acid Antagonists / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005493:Folic Acid Antagonists; D005492:Folic Acid; D008727:Methotrexate