title: [Assessment, diagnosis and treatment of internal or body surface contamination].
abstract: Contamination with radioactive materials is classified into surface contamination and internal contamination. Measures for radiation protection to prevent dispersion of the radioactive materials and to protect the medical staffs are essential. Surface contamination is measured by surface survey meter such as a G-M counter. Washing or wiping is a choice for treatment. For internal contamination, direct(external) measurement and bioassay are the two methods for dose assessment. Estimation of the committed effective dose is necessary based on the activity inside the body. General treatment to reduce the absorption of radioactive materials, such as laxatives can be used. Stable iodine, Prussian Blue, and DTPA are three well-known and effective drugs for prophylaxis or de-cooperation against internal contamination.
authors.affiliation: Diagnosis Section, Department of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Research Center for Radiation Emergency Medicine, National Institute of Radiological Sciences.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tatsuzaki
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods