title: The effects of deep breathing on 'tension-anxiety' and fatigue in cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effect of deep breathing intervention on 'tension-anxiety' and fatigue in Japanese women with gynaecological cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 23 patients were randomly allocated to intervention (n = 11) and control (n = 12) groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Deep breathing was practised in the intervention group, but not in the control group. Deep breathing comprised a 10-min breathing program comprising abdominal breathing, thoracic breathing and breathing with arms raised. Using the Profile of Mood States-Short Form (Japanese version) and the Cancer Fatigue Scale, the effects were assessed pre- and post-chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  'Tension-anxiety' and fatigue of the intervention group were relieved more than those of the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicated that deep breathing intervention is likely to ameliorate the 'tension-anxiety' and fatigue in patients with gynaecological cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, 1-7 Yamadaoka Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. yuka-ha@sahs.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayama
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome