title: INRICH: interval-based enrichment analysis for genome-wide association studies.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Here we present INRICH (INterval enRICHment analysis), a pathway-based genome-wide association analysis tool that tests for enriched association signals of predefined gene-sets across independent genomic intervals. INRICH has wide applicability, fast running time and, most importantly, robustness to potential genomic biases and confounding factors. Such factors, including varying gene size and single-nucleotide polymorphism density, linkage disequilibrium within and between genes and overlapping genes with similar annotations, are often not accounted for by existing gene-set enrichment methods. By using a genomic permutation procedure, we generate experiment-wide empirical significance values, corrected for the total number of sets tested, implicitly taking overlap of sets into account. By simulation we confirm a properly controlled type I error rate and reasonable power of INRICH under diverse parameter settings. As a proof of principle, we describe the application of INRICH on the NHGRI GWAS catalog.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  A standalone C++ program, user manual and datasets can be freely downloaded from: http://atgu.mgh.harvard.edu/inrich/.
authors.affiliation: Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Phil H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Colm
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Dushlaine
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Shaun M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Purcell
mesh_terms: D005796:Genes; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods*; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012984:Software