title: [Comparison of results after primary and secondary shoulder arthroplasty for proximal humeral fractures].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate, compare and discuss the results and complications after primary and secondary shoulder arthoplasty in proximal humeral fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen consecutive patients (mean 76 years [range, 65-85] years) were at a mean of 29 (8-37) months after primary humeral head replacement (group 1), and 15 patients (mean 74 years [range, 43-80] years) at a mean of 18 (7-36) months after secondary shoulder arthoplasty (n = 8 anatomic prostheses, n = 7 reversed prostheses) due to complications/fracture sequelae (group 2) examined clinically and radiologically according to a standardised follow-up protocol. Patient satisfaction, the simple shoulder test (SST), the American shoulder elbow score (ASES) as well as the Constant score (CS) were assessed, and radiological parameters as well as complications analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  85 % of patients in group 1 and 73 % in group 2 were satisfied with the results. The SST did not show a significant difference between both groups. The adjusted ASES did not differ significantly with 70 (27-95)% in group 1 and 73 (28-100)% in group 2, as well as the adjusted CS with a mean of 53 (27-83)% in group 1 and of 49 (27-87)% in group 2. Radiological analysis resulted in a correctly centred prosthesis in 6/13 patients, and healed tuberosities in 7/13 of group 1. In group 2 4/8 anatomic prostheses were centered and 7/8 showed healed tuberosities. In the subgroup of the reversed prostheses 6/7 were centered, 3/7 patients had an inferior "notching". The rate of complications and revisions were 2/13 (15 %) in group 1 and 1/15 (7 %) in group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, the functional results did not differ significantly between primary and secondary shoulder arthroplasty after proximal humeral fractures. The relatively low expectation of elderly patients is reflected in a high rate of patient satisfaction in spite of moderate functional results. The primary humeral head replacement showed higher rates of complications and revisions compared to secondary arthroplasty.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Diakoniekrankenhaus Friederikenstift gGmbH Hannover. christine.voigt@ddh-gruppe.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Voigt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Böhme
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Katthagen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lill
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012784:Shoulder Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome