title: The effect of a multifaceted educational intervention on medication preparation and administration errors in neonatal intensive care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of a multifaceted educational intervention on the incidence of medication preparation and administration errors in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study with a preintervention and postintervention measurement using direct observation.
  
  
  METHODS
  NICU in a tertiary hospital in the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multifaceted educational intervention including teaching and self-study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The incidence of medication preparation and administration errors. Clinical importance was assessed by three experts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of errors decreased from 49% (43-54%) (151 medications with one or more errors of 311 observations) to 31% (87 of 284) (25-36%). Preintervention, 0.3% (0-2%) medications contained severe errors, 26% (21-31%) moderate and 23% (18-28%) minor errors; postintervention, none 0% (0-2%) was severe, 23% (18-28%) moderate and 8% (5-12%) minor. A generalised estimating equations analysis provided an OR of 0.49 (0.29-0.84) for period (p=0.032), (route of administration (p=0.001), observer within period (p=0.036)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The multifaceted educational intervention seemed to have contributed to a significant reduction of the preparation and administration error rate, but other measures are needed to improve medication safety further.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Indra
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chedoe
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Molendijk
authors.forename: Wobbe
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hospes
authors.forename: Edwin R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Van den Heuvel
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taxis
mesh_terms: D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009359:Neonatology / Q000193:education*; D009426:Netherlands; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations