title: Usefulness of posterolateral transforaminal approach in lumbar radicular pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the short-term effects and advantages of transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) performed using the conventional (CL) and posterolateral (PL) approaches.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients with lumbar radicular pain from lumbar spinal stenosis and herniated lumbar disc were enrolled. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups (CL or PL group). All procedures were performed using a C-arm (KMC 950, KOMED, Kwangju, Kyunggi, Korea). We compared the frequency of complications during the procedure and the effects of the pain block between the two groups at 2, 4, and 12 weeks after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in the demographic data, initial VNS (Visual numeric scale), or ODI (Oswestry disability index) between the CL group (n=26) and the PL group (n=24). There was no statistically significant difference in the outcome measures (VNS and ODI) between the groups at 2, 4, or 12 weeks. Symptoms of nerve root irritation occurred in 1 case of the CL group and in 7 cases of the PL group (p<0.05). Pricking of spinal nerve during the procedure and transient weakness after the procedure occurred in 6 cases and 3 cases, respectively in the CL group, but did not occur in the PL group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that the posterolateral approach represents an alternative TFESI method in cases with difficult needle tip positioning in the anterior epidural space, and could lower the risk of target nerve root irritation and nerve penetration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 140-887, Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hee-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Yongbum
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park