title: Chemical and genetic study of Ligularia duciformis and related species in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces of China.
abstract: The chemical constituents of the root extracts and the evolutionarily neutral DNA base sequences were studied for 28 samples of Ligularia duciformis, L. kongkalingensis, and L. nelumbifolia collected in Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces of China. The samples could be classified into four chemotypes (1-4). Sesquiterpenoids having eremophilane and oplopane skeletons were isolated from two (Chemotype 1) and three (Chemotype 2) samples, respectively. Two new oplopane derivatives were isolated and their structures were determined. In 18 samples, phenylpropenoids were the major components (Chemotype 3). In five samples, neither phenylpropenoids nor sesquiterpenoids were found (Chemotype 4). Despite this large chemical variety, no correlation was found between the chemotype and the morphological criteria of species identification. The analysis of the evolutionarily neutral DNA regions also indicated that the samples were not separated into distinct clades and that introgression was extensive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Ochanomizu University, Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. nagano.hajime@ocha.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hanai
authors.forename: Hiroka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: Yui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoya
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Hikari
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torihata
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onuki
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nezu
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Mizue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Motoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tori
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohsaki
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuroda
mesh_terms: D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D009281:Naphthalenes; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C018286:eremophilane compounds