title: Toxic effect of different ZnO particles on mouse alveolar macrophages.
abstract: To study the toxicity mechanism of ZnO nanoparticles on mouse macrophages, the toxic effect of different ZnO nanoparticles on mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S) was investigated in this study. The results showed that the 24h IC(50) of four ZnO particles were 48.53, 47.37, 45.43 and 26.74 μg/ml for bulk ZnO, 100 nm, 30 nm and 10-30 nm ZnO particles, respectively. At the concentration of 10 μg/ml and below, dissolved zinc ions induced metallothionein synthesis, enhanced cellular resistance to oxidative stress. ZnO particles mainly induced cell apoptosis. When the concentration of ZnO particles was 20 μg/ml and above, excessive zinc destroyed mitochondrial function and cell membrane, caused cell necrosis. Dissolved zinc ions first cause toxicity in MH-S cells. However, the toxic effect of dissolved zinc ions may exist a threshold on mouse macrophages, inducing about 50% cell death. The toxic difference of different ZnO particles mainly depended on the effect of nondissolved ZnO particles.
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Jinyang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zengtian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Minling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D051379:Mice; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D002118:Calcium