title: Chain-growth polymerization of aryl Grignards initiated by a stabilized NHC-Pd precatalyst.
abstract: An N-heterocyclic carbene-ligated palladium catalyst was discovered to mediate living, chain-growth polymerizations of both phenylene- and thiophene-based monomers. Polymerization of a fluorene-based monomer, on the other hand, did not proceed through a living, chain-growth pathway. Excitingly, block copolymerizations of phenylene and thiophene proceeded via a chain-growth pathway, regardless of the order of monomer addition. Although some chain termination was observed during these copolymerizations, this pathway could be minimized when the second monomer was added shortly after consumption of the first monomer. These results suggest that the catalyst resting-state at the end of polymerization is unstable. As a result, modifications to the NHC-scaffold or the 3-chloropyridine ligand will be necessary to generate an improved catalyst.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA.
authors.forename: Zachary J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Mitchell L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Anne J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McNeil
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000737:chemistry*; D058105:Polymerization; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C547018:4-bromo-2,5-bis(hexyloxy)phenylmagnesium; C547019:5-bromo-4-hexylthiophen-2-ylmagnesium; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D011108:Polymers; D013876:Thiophenes; D010165:Palladium