title: Could motor imagery be effective in upper limb rehabilitation of individuals with spinal cord injury? A case study.
abstract: METHODS
  A case study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to investigate whether motor imagery (MI) could be successfully incorporated into conventional therapy among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) to improve upper limb (UL) function.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit at the Henry Gabrielle Hospital in Lyon, France.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participant was an individual with a complete C6 SCI. MI content was focused on functional UL movements, to improve hand transport to reach out and grasp with tenodesis. The participant was tested before and after 15 MI training sessions (45 min each, three times a week during 5 consecutive weeks). MI ability and program compliance were used as indicators of feasibility. The Minnesota and Box and Blocks tests, as well as movement time and hand trajectory during targeted movements were the dependent variables, evaluating motor performance before and after MI training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participant's ability to generate MI was checked and compliance with the rehabilitation program was confirmed. The time needed to complete the Minnesota test decreased by 1 min 25 s. The Box and Blocks score was improved by three units after MI program. Decreased movement time and enhanced hand trajectory smoothness were still observed 3 months later, despite a slight decrease in performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports the feasibility for introducing MI in conventional therapy. Further studies should confirm the potential role of MI in motor recovery with a larger sample.
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1-CRIS EA 647-Laboratoire de la Performance Motrice, Mentale et du Matériel (P3M) Villeurbanne, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grangeon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Revol
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guillot
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rode
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Collet
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology*; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult