title: Towards a biomarker of motor adaptation: integration of kinematic and neural factors.
abstract: We propose an experimental protocol for the integrated study of motor adaptation during target-based movements. We investigated how motor adaptation affects both cerebral activity and motor performance during the preparation and execution of a pointing task, under different conditions of external perturbation. Electroencephalography (EEG) and movement analysis were simultaneously recorded from 16 healthy subjects enrolled in the study. EEG signal was preprocessed by means of independent component analysis and empirical mode decomposition based Hilbert Huang transform, in order to extract event-related synchronization (ERS) and desynchronization (ERD) parameters. Movement analysis provided several kinematic indexes, such as movement durations, average jerk, and inter-quartile-ranges. Significant correlations between score, neural, and kinematic parameters were found. Specifically, the duration of the going phase of movement was found to correlate with synchronization in the beta brain rhythm, in both the planning and executive phases of movement. Inter-quartile ranges and average jerk showed correlations with executive brain parameters and ERS/ERDcueBeta, respectively. Results indicate the presence of links between the primary motor cortex and the farthest ending point of the upper limb. In the present study, we assessed significant relationship between neural and kinematic descriptors of motor adaptation, during a protocol requiring short-term learning, through the modulation of the external perturbations.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Department, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. erika.molteni@polimi.it
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molteni
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cimolin
authors.forename: Ezio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Preatoni
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodano
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bianchi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004777:Environment; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers