title: Analgesia after feline ovariohysterectomy under midazolam-medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia with buprenorphine or butorphanol, and carprofen or meloxicam: a prospective, randomised clinical trial.
abstract: One hundred female cats undergoing routine ovariohysterectomy under midazolam-medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia were included in a blinded, randomised, prospective clinical study to compare postoperative analgesia produced by four analgesic drug combinations given preoperatively (n = 25 per group). A secondary aim was to assess the effects in kittens and pregnant animals. Buprenorphine 180 µg/m(2) or butorphanol 6 mg/m(2) were given with either carprofen 4 mg/kg (groups BUPC and BUTC, respectively) or meloxicam 0.3 mg/kg (groups BUPM or BUTM, respectively). Medetomidine was not antagonised. A simple, descriptive scale (SDS; 0-4), a dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS; 0-100 mm) and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MT; 2.5-mm diameter probe) were used to evaluate postoperative pain. All pain scores were low (DIVAS <10 mm, SDS <2 and MT >10 N) and there were no significant differences between the groups. It was concluded that all protocols provided adequate analgesia and when used with midazolam-medetomidine-ketamine are effective for routine feline ovariohysterectomy.
authors.affiliation: RSPCA Greater Manchester Animal Hospital, Salford, UK. polly@taylormonroe.co.uk
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polson
authors.forename: Polly M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yates
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000662:veterinary*; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D002415:Cats; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000662:veterinary*; D000077239:Meloxicam; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000662:veterinary; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000662:veterinary; D011247:Pregnancy; D011292:Premedication; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000662:veterinary; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D002227:Carbazoles; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D002047:Buprenorphine; C007005:carprofen; D000077239:Meloxicam