title: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of oral amalgam pigmentation.
abstract: Amalgam tattoo, the most common exogenous oral pigmentation, can sometimes be confused with melanotic lesions, being then biopsied. We present the clinicopathological characteristics of 6 biopsied cases (5 females and 1 male) of oral amalgam pigmentation. The most common location was the gingival mucosa, followed by the buccal and palatal mucosa. Morphology and distribution (stromal, perivascular, perineural, endomysial) of pigmentation was variable; there was only 1 case with fibrous capsular reaction and likewise only a single case of granulomatous foreign body reaction. Morphological variability is conditioned by the timing and amount of the pigment deposit, which is often associated with infiltration by mast cells (CD117+), as well as overexpression of metallothionein and HLA-DR at different tissue levels.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Estomatología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España. vera_fra@gva.es
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vera-Sirera
authors.forename: Presentación
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Risueño-Mata
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ricart-Vayá
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baquero Ruíz de la Hermosa
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vera-Sempere
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D003343:Corrosion; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology*; D006099:Granuloma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D059805:HLA-DR alpha-Chains / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008548:Melanosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D008859:Microscopy, Polarization; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010859:Pigmentation Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000032:analysis; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D003723:Dental Amalgam; D059805:HLA-DR alpha-Chains; D008668:Metallothionein; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule