title: Effect of radio frequency postdrying of partially baked cookies on acrylamide content, texture, and color of the final product.
abstract: Effect of radio frequency (RF) postdrying of partially baked cookies on acrylamide content, texture, and color of the final product was investigated in this study. Control cookies were prepared by baking in a conventional oven at 205 °C for 11 min. Cookies partially baked for 8 and 9 min were postdried in a 27.12 MHz RF tunnel oven until attainment of the moisture content of control cookies. Internal temperature of cookies was monitored during the experiments to better explain the results. Cookies were analyzed for acrylamide content using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. Texture measurements were performed using a Texture Analyzer, while digital image analysis was used for color measurement. The results showed that RF postdrying of partially baked cookies resulted in lower acrylamide levels (107.3 ng/g for control cookies, 74.6 ng/g upon RF postdrying of cookies partially baked for 9 min, 51.1 ng/g upon RF postdrying of cookies partially baked for 8 min). Instrumental texture analysis showed no significant difference among the texture of cookies, whereas RF postdried samples had a lower degree of browning. According to sensory evaluation results, control had a more crumbly texture, and RF postdried sample that was conventionally baked for 8 min had a slightly uncooked flavor.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Engineering, Univ. of Mersin, 33343, Ciftlikkoy, Mersin, Turkey. koray_palazoglu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koray Palazoğlu
authors.forename: Yunus
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Coşkun
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kocadağlı
authors.forename: Vural
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gökmen
mesh_terms: D020106:Acrylamide / Q000032:analysis*; D001216:Asparagine / Q000032:analysis; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003116:Color; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D020106:Acrylamide; D001216:Asparagine