title: [Radiation associated leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome].
abstract: Leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia, and chronic myeloid leukemia as well as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), male non-Hodgkin lymphoma and MGUS are statistically significant radiation-associated hematopoietic neoplasms. Recently, MDS has been confirmed to increase among atomic bomb survivors. AML/RUNX1 is a critical transcription factor of differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells. AML1 point mutations, especially N-terminal RUNT domain in-frame type, are frequently detected in radiaton-associated and therapy-related (rad-t-) MDS/AML. In addition, the point mutations, are frequently associated with additional mutations in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-RAS pathway, including FLT3, N-RAS, SHP2 and NF1. The combination of AML1/RUNX1 mutation and RTK-RAS pathway mutation in hematopoietic stem cells is considered responsible for the oncogenesis of rad-t- MDS/AML.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University.
authors.forename: Akiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007953:Leukemia, Radiation-Induced / Q000235:genetics; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000209:etiology*