title: Increased cord blood angiotensin II concentration is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in the offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine cord blood angiotensin II (Ang II) concentration and assess its relationship to fetal insulin sensitivity in the offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty women with GDM and 30 healthy women were evaluated at elective cesarean delivery. Cord blood was obtained for measurement of Ang II, glucose and insulin. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated and used to estimate fetal insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The offspring of mothers with GDM had higher ponderal index (PI), HOMA-IR and cord Ang II and insulin concentrations than the offspring of healthy mothers. Cord insulin concentration and HOMA-IR were positively associated with PI in all the offspring. Cord Ang II concentration was positively associated with HOMA-IR in the offspring of mothers with GDM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased cord Ang II concentration is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity in the offspring of mothers with GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000097:blood*; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000502:physiology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D000804:Angiotensin II