title: A contingency perspective on team learning and innovation in nursing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a correlational study of the relation between team learning activities and implementation-effectiveness of innovations in nursing teams.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Non-compliance to implementation of innovations is a problem in nursing teams. In the literature, team learning is proposed as a facilitator for change. Still, studies reporting the effects of team learning activities on the implementation of innovations in nursing teams are scarce. To address this gap in the literature, this study explored the influence of team learning on the implementation of two innovations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey was conducted in 2008-2009 with a sample of 469 nurses, representing 30 nursing teams from The Netherlands and Belgium. The relationship between variables representing team learning and the use and the knowledge of an incremental (n = 14) or a radical innovation (n = 16) was examined by correlation and multiple regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correlation analyses revealed positive relationships between the team learning activities handling production-oriented information and implementation-effectiveness of an incremental innovation. In addition, team learning activities about development-oriented information positively affected the implementation of a radical innovation. Multiple regression yielded models that explain 83% of the variance on the use of an incremental variable, 73% on knowledge of a radical innovation, and 80% on use of a radical innovation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In nursing teams, team learning activities that relate to the production of nursing care affect the implementation of an incremental innovation. The implementation of a radical innovation is effected by team learning activities that relate to the development of the provided nursing care.
authors.affiliation: Nursing and Midwifery Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium. olaf.timmermans@ua.ac.be
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Timmermans
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van Linge
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Petegem
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Rompaey
authors.forename: Joke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Denekens
mesh_terms: D001530:Belgium; D003625:Data Collection / Q000592:standards; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D004506:Education, Nursing; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000592:standards*; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000592:standards*; D012044:Regression Analysis