title: Tensile bond strength of metal bracket bonding to glazed ceramic surfaces with different surface conditionings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to compare the tensile bond strength of metal brackets bonding to glazed ceramic surfaces using three various surface treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty two glazed ceramic disks were assigned to three groups. In the first and second groups the specimens were etched with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HFA). Subsequently in first group, ceramic primer and adhesive were applied, but in second group a bonding agent alone was used. In third group, specimens were treated with 35% phosphoric acid followed by ceramic primer and adhesive application. Brackets were bonded with light cure composites. The specimens were stored in distilled water in the room temperature for 24 hours and thermocycled 500 times between 5°C and 55°C. The universal testing machine was used to test the tensile bond strength and the adhesive remenant index scores between three groups was evaluated. The data were subjected to one-way ANOVA, Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tensile bond strength was 3.69±0.52 MPa forfirst group, 2.69±0.91 MPa for second group and 3.60±0.41 MPa for third group. Group II specimens showed tensile strength values significantly different from other groups (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In spite of limitations in laboratory studies it may be concluded that in application of Scotch bond multipurpose plus adhesive, phosphoric acid can be used instead of HFA for bonding brackets to the glazed ceramic restorations with enough tensile bond strength.
authors.affiliation: Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ms Ahmad
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Akhoundi
authors.forename: M Rahmati
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kamel
authors.forename: Sh Mahmood
authors.initials: ShM
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imani