title: Choline-based ionic liquids-enhanced biodegradation of azo dyes.
abstract: Industrial wastewaters such as tannery and textile processing effluents are often characterized by a high content of dissolved organic dyes, resulting in large values of chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD and BOD) in the aquatic systems into which they are discharged. Such wastewater streams are of rapidly growing concern as a major environmental issue in developing countries. Hence there is a need to mitigate this challenge by effective approaches to degrade dye-contaminated wastewater. In this study, several choline-based salts originally developed for use as biocompatible hydrated ionic liquids (i.e., choline sacchrinate (CS), choline dihydrogen phosphate (CDP), choline lactate (CL), and choline tartarate (CT)) have been successfully employed as the cosubstrate with S. lentus in the biodegradation of an azo dye in aqueous solution. We also demonstrate that the azo dye has been degraded to less toxic components coupled with low biomass formation.
authors.affiliation: Thermochemical Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Department, Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Sudharshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekar
authors.forename: Mahadevan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Surianarayanan
authors.forename: Vijayaraghavan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ranganathan
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: MacFarlane
authors.forename: Asit Baran
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Mandal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D002151:Calorimetry; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000378:metabolism*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; C015967:Levanol Fast Cyanine 5RN; D002794:Choline