title: Antibacterial polyelectrolyte micelles for coating stainless steel.
abstract: In this study, we report on the original synthesis and characterization of novel antimicrobial coatings for stainless steel by alternating the deposition of aqueous solutions of positively charged polyelectrolyte micelles doped with silver-based nanoparticles with a polyanion. The micelles are formed by electrostatic interaction between two oppositely charged polymers: a polycation bearing 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine units (DOPA, a major component of natural adhesives) and a polyanion (poly(styrene sulfonate), PSS) without using any block copolymer. DOPA units are exploited for their well-known ability to anchor to stainless steel and to form and stabilize biocidal silver nanoparticles (Ag(0)). The chlorine counteranion of the polycation forms and stabilizes biocidal silver chloride nanoparticles (AgCl). We demonstrate that two layers of micelles (alternated by PSS) doped with silver particles are enough to impart to the surface strong antibacterial activity against gram-negative E. coli. Moreover, micelles that are reservoirs of biocidal Ag(+) can be easily reactivated after depletion. This novel water-based approach is convenient, simple, and attractive for industrial applications.
authors.affiliation: Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules, Chemistry Department, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falentin-Daudré
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Faure
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Svaldo-Lanero
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jérôme
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van De Weerdt
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martial
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Duwez
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Detrembleur
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D008823:Micelles; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004573:Electrolytes; D008823:Micelles; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; C539838:poly(3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine); D013193:Stainless Steel; D012834:Silver; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; C003321:polystyrene sulfonic acid