title: Phytochemical screening, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of two Bangladeshi medicinal plants.
abstract: The objectives of the present study were to investigate phytochemical screening and to assay cytotoxicity and antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of leaves of two medicinal plants, Aglaonema hookerianum Schott (Family: Araceae) and Lannea grandis Engl. (Family: Anacardiaceae) available in Bangladesh. The brine shrimp lethality bioassay showed that the ethanolic extracts of Aglaonema hookerianum and Lannea grandis possessed cytotoxic activities with LC50 5.25 (microg mL(-1)) and 5.75 (microg mL(-1)) and LC90 10.47 (microg mL(-1)) and 9.55 (microg mL(-1)), respectively. Two extracts obtained from leaves were examined for their antibacterial activities against some gram positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus, also gram negative strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi and Vibrio cholerae. Agar disc diffusion method was applied to observe the antibacterial efficacy of the extracts. Results indicated that both plant extracts (500 microg disc(-1)) displayed antibacterial activity against all of the tested microorganisms. These results were also compared with the zones of inhibition produced by commercially available standard antibiotic, Amoxicillin at concentration of 10 microg disc(-1). Observed antibacterial properties of the ethanolic extract of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott and Lannea grandis Engl. showed that both plants might be useful sources for the development of new potent antibacterial agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Ajoy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Subrata Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: Anusua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.forename: Manik Chandra
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Shill
authors.forename: Sheikh Zahir
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Raihan
authors.forename: Md Abdul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muhit
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029064:Araceae / Q000737:chemistry; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001459:Bangladesh; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000658:Amoxicillin