title: Implementation of a beam deflection system for studies of liquid interfaces on beamline I07 at Diamond.
abstract: X-ray optics, based on a double-crystal deflection scheme, that enable reflectivity measurements from liquid surfaces/interfaces have been designed, built and commissioned on beamline I07 at Diamond Light Source. This system is able to deflect the beam onto a fixed sample position located at the centre of a five-circle diffractometer. Thus the incident angle can be easily varied without moving the sample, and the reflected beam is tracked either by a moving Pilatus 100K detector mounted on the diffractometer arm or by a stationary Pilatus 2M detector positioned appropriately for small-angle scattering. Thus the system can easily combine measurements of the reflectivity from liquid interfaces (Q(z) > 1 Å(-1)) with off-specular data collection, both in the form of grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) or wider-angle grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD). The device allows operation over the energy range 10-28 keV.
authors.affiliation: Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK. tom.arnold@diamond.ac.uk
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nicklin
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rawle
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sutter
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nutter
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burt
mesh_terms: D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D013499:Surface Properties; D017356:Synchrotrons / Q000295:instrumentation; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids