title: Rheological, mechanical and adhesive properties of surfactant-containing systems designed as a potential platform for topical drug delivery.
abstract: In the last few decades, nanotechnology has led to an advance in the development of topical drug delivery. Nanostructured drug delivery systems enable the compartmentalization of drugs in restricted environments, modifying the release profile and maintaining the required drug concentration for prolonged periods at the site of action and/or absorption. The development of nanostructured systems containing surfactants has evolved rapidly. Mixtures of surfactant, oil and water can self-associate to form structures, such as microemulsions and liquid crystal phases, which can be exploited as drug delivery systems because their nanostructured organization can control drug release. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the potential of systems containing polyoxypropylene (5) polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl ether as surfactant, oleic acid or mineral oil as the oily phase, and water to be used as a platform in the development of topical drug delivery systems. Physicochemical characterization of the systems was performed by polarized light microscopy (PLM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), rheological tests and texture profile analysis. The ternary phase diagrams showed that combinations of surfactant/mineral oil/water and surfactant/oleic acid/water could form various thermodynamically stable structures, such as microemulsions and liquid crystals. The oily phases, oleic acid and mineral oil, changed the rheological, mechanical and adhesive properties of systems containing polyoxypropylene (5) polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl ether.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú Km1, 14801-902, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia Chiva
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Hilris
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rocha e Silva
authors.forename: Gabriela Marielli
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: da Luz
authors.forename: Mariana da Silva
authors.initials: Mda S
authors.lastname: Barbi
authors.forename: Daniele Silveira
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Landgraf
authors.forename: Leila Aparecida
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Chiavacci
authors.forename: Victor Hugo Vitorino
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Sarmento
authors.forename: Maria Palmira Daflon
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gremião
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D050866:Liquid Crystals / Q000737:chemistry; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D012212:Rheology; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D011108:Polymers; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C012504:polypropylene glycol; D019301:Oleic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D008899:Mineral Oil