title: Detection and time to treatment of uveal melanoma in the United Kingdom: an evaluation of 2,384 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the mode of detection of uveal melanoma and time to treatment in the United Kingdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2384 patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma at the Liverpool Ocular Oncology Center between 1996 and early 2011.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was completed with every new patient, and the results were correlated with clinical features and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor detection, practitioner initiating referral, referral pathway, time to treatment, baseline clinical features, and primary ocular treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The referral process was initiated by an optometrist, family doctor, or ophthalmologist in 68.0%, 18.2%, and 13.8% of patients, respectively. On referral, 30.2% of patients were asymptomatic. Twenty-three percent of patients reported that their tumor was initially missed; these tended to have a more advanced tumor when they reached our center. The time from referral to treatment had a median of 49 days, exceeding 6 months in 19.8% of patients. This delay was longer in patients who reported that their tumor was missed (median, 92 vs. 40 days; Mann-Whitney, P<0.001). Ophthalmologists delayed the referral process by more than 6 months in 10.9% of patients. Primary enucleation was performed in 33.3% of patients and was more likely in those who reported that their tumor was missed (44.8% vs. 29.8%; chi-square, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many patients with uveal melanoma experience long delays in treatment because their tumor was missed or misdiagnosed. Such patients tend to have a more advanced tumor by the time they reach an oncology center and are more likely to require enucleation.
authors.affiliation: Bristol Eye Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol BS1 2LX, UK.
authors.forename: Erika M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Damato
authors.forename: Bertil E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Damato
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001918:Brachytherapy; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D006113:United Kingdom; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green