title: [Prader-Willi syndrome case with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in both eyes treated by early vitrectomy under local anesthesia].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although patients with Prader-Willi syndrome have a high rate of diabetes, to date, there have been only 4 reported cases (6 eyes) undergoing vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Herein, we report a case of Prader-Willi syndrome with proliferative diabetic retinopathy that was treated by early vitrectomy OU under local anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 30-year-old man was diagnosed as having Prader-Willi syndrome at the age of 2 years and diabetes at age 17. He was referred to our hospital as diabetic retinopathy had been detected in his first ophthalmological examination at age 29. Visual acuity was 0.6 bilaterally. Proliferative retinopathy, with cataract and macular edema, was identified in both eyes. Panretinal photocoagulation was performed on both eyes. However, proliferative membranes developed bilaterally, and vitreous hemorrhage occurred OS. Visual acuity decreased to 0.3 OU. The patient was hospitalized at our internal medicine department for blood glucose control. Subsequently, with an anesthesiologist on standby, a hypnotic sedative was injected intramuscularly, achieving retro-bulbar anesthesia. Combined cataract and vitreous surgery was performed on the left eye. One week later, a similar operation was performed on the right eye. The patient was discharged four days later. In the two years since these operation, visual acuity has been maintained at 0.8 OU.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with Prader-Willi syndrome should be examined for early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, Japan. hideyuki_hori@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011218:Prader-Willi Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014821:Vitrectomy