title: Changes in the milk composition of okapi (Okapia johnstoni) during the first 6 months of lactation.
abstract: We collected 17 milk samples at 1 day to 6 months post partum from one captive okapi (Okapia johnstoni). Milks were examined for nutrient composition, including water, fat, crude protein, carbohydrates, ash and five minerals. The average values of the concentrations were 79.2 ± 3.0% SD water, 8.5 ± 3.4% fat, 7.5 ± 1.1% crude protein, 3.6 ± 0.6% carbohydrate, 1.2 ± 0.1% ash, 263.7 ± 47.3 mg/100 g calcium, 183.0 ± 40.0 mg/100 g phosphorus, 95.2 ± 17.6 mg/100 g sodium, 74.4 ± 34.3 mg/100 g potassium and 28.4 ± 4.4 mg/100 g magnesium, respectively. The protein concentration increased at late lactation (P < 0.01). The contents of sodium and potassium were rather high in the early lactation period, while those of calcium and phosphorus were rather low in the early lactation period. During the course of lactation in the first week post partum and the protein concentration was high at 1 day post partum. We compare our findings with the American Association of Zoos & Aquariums's Okapi Species Survival Plan Hand-rearing Protocol, and recommend that nutrient composition of the formula for okapi calves is developed using the present study as a guide.
authors.affiliation: Yokohama Zoological Gardens, Kanagawa, Japan. kawasaki@hama-midorinokyokai.or.jp
authors.forename: Ryuta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Tatsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suginaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001188:Artiodactyla / Q000502:physiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D008055:Lipids; D008894:Milk Proteins; D014867:Water; D010758:Phosphorus; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium