title: Adverse metabolic consequences in humans of prolonged sleep restriction combined with circadian disruption.
abstract: Epidemiological studies link short sleep duration and circadian disruption with higher risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. We tested the hypotheses that prolonged sleep restriction with concurrent circadian disruption, as can occur in people performing shift work, impairs glucose regulation and metabolism. Healthy adults spent >5 weeks under controlled laboratory conditions in which they experienced an initial baseline segment of optimal sleep, 3 weeks of sleep restriction (5.6 hours of sleep per 24 hours) combined with circadian disruption (recurring 28-hour "days"), followed by 9 days of recovery sleep with circadian re-entrainment. Exposure to prolonged sleep restriction with concurrent circadian disruption, with measurements taken at the same circadian phase, decreased the participants' resting metabolic rate and increased plasma glucose concentrations after a meal, an effect resulting from inadequate pancreatic insulin secretion. These parameters normalized during the 9 days of recovery sleep and stable circadian re-entrainment. Thus, in humans, prolonged sleep restriction with concurrent circadian disruption alters metabolism and could increase the risk of obesity and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. orfeu_buxton@hms.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Orfeu M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Buxton
authors.forename: Sean W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: Shawn P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Jeanne F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Czeisler
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shea
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020178:Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose