title: Melatonin enhanced bexarotene efficacy in experimental mammary carcinogenesis.
abstract: The aim of this paper was to test lower, safe bexarotene dose administered alone and in combination with melatonin to improve its efficacy. Mammary carcinogenesis was induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in female Sprague-Dawley rats, administered in two doses intraperitoneally between 42.-54. postnatal days and chemoprevention was initiated 7 days prior to first N-methyl-N-nitrosourea injection and lasted 15 weeks. Bexarotene, particularly in combination with melatonin decreased mammary tumor incidence and frequency with a shift from poorly to well differentiated carcinomas. Bexarotene alleviated glycaemia and liver/heart muscle glycogen concentration decreased as well as liver/thymus malondialdehyde increased in comparison with control group. The combination of bexarotene and melatonin is therefore beneficial in preventive-curative model of experimental mammary carcinogenesis and may be applied in oncological practice as such.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Moyzesova 11, 041 67 Košice, Slovak Republic. peter.orendas@upjs.sk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orendas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kubatka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kajo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stollarova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kassayova
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bojkova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pec
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nosal
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kiskova
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zihlavnikova
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karsnakova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077610:Bexarotene; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002273:Carcinogens; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D000077610:Bexarotene; D008550:Melatonin