title: Are farm-to-school programs more common in states with farm-to-school-related laws?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Farm-to-School programs (FTSPs) connect schools with locally grown food. This article examines whether FTSPs are more common in public elementary schools (ESs) in states with a formal, FTSP law or with a related, locally grown procurement law.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pooled, cross-sectional analysis linked nationally representative samples of 1872 public ESs (across 47 states) for the 2006-2007, 2007-2008, and 2008-2009 school years with state laws effective as of the beginning of September of each year that were collected and analyzed for all states. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the impact of state law on school FTSP participation, controlling for year and school-level race/ethnicity, region, locale, free-reduced lunch participation, and school size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of schools located in a state with a FTSP-specific law increased from 7.3% to 20.4% over the 3-year period, while the percentage of schools located in a state with a locally grown procurement law was approximately 30% across all years. The percentage of schools with FTSPs has more than tripled over the last 3 years (from 4.9% to 17.7%). After adjusting for all covariates except year, FTSPs were significantly more likely in states with a FTSP-specific law (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.28-4.67); once adjusting for year, the results were marginally significant (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = .91-3.25). School-level FTSPs were not related to state locally grown procurement laws.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the percentage of schools with FTSPs is relatively small, these programs are becoming more common, particularly in states with FTSP-specific laws.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA. lschne4@uic.edu
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chriqui
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: Lindsey
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gourdet
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chaloupka
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005523:Food Supply / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D016015:Logistic Models; D012574:Schools / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D014481:United States