title: Innovative magnetic scaffolds for orthopedic tissue engineering.
abstract: The use of magnetism in tissue engineering is a very promising approach, in fact magnetic scaffolds are able not only to support tissue regeneration, but they can be activated and work like a magnet attracting functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) injected close to the scaffold enhancing tissue regeneration. This study aimed to assess the in vivo biocompatibility and osteointegrative properties of novel magnetic scaffolds. Two hydroxyapatite/collagen (70/30 wt %) magnetic scaffolds were magnetized with two different techniques: direct nucleation of biomimetic phase and superparamagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) on self-assembling collagen fibers (MAG-A) and scaffold impregnation in ferro-fluid solution (MAG-B). Magnetic scaffolds were implanted in rabbit distal femoral epiphysis and tibial mid-diaphysis. Histopathological screening showed no inflammatory reaction due to MNPs. Significantly higher bone healing rate (ΔBHR) results were observed in MAG-A in comparison to MAG-B. Significant differences were also found between experimental times with an increase in ΔBHR from 2 to 4 weeks for both scaffolds in trabecular bone, while only for MAG-B (23%, p < 0.05) in cortical bone. The proposed magnetic scaffolds seem to be promising for magnetic guiding in orthopedic tissue engineering applications and they will be suitable to treat also several pathologies in regenerative medicine area.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Technology Innovation, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy. s.panseri@biomec.ior.it
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panseri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giavaresi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Veronesi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fini
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Salter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortolani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strazzari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Visani
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dionigi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sandri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tampieri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcacci
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005269:Femur / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D059346:Magnets / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D013977:Tibia / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite