title: Expression and effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor on periodontal ligament cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression in normal and wounded rat periodontal ligament (PDL) and the effects of GDNF on human PDL cells (HPDLCs) migration and extracellular matrix expression in HPDLCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of GDNF and GDNF receptors was examined by immunocyto/histochemical analyses. Gene expression in HPDLCs treated with GDNF, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was quantified by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). In addition, we examined the migratory effect of GDNF on HPDLCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GDNF was expressed in normal rat PDL and cultured HPDLCs. HPDLCs also expressed GDNF receptors. In wounded rat PDL, GDNF expression was up-regulated. QRT-PCR analysis revealed that IL-1β and TNF-α significantly increased the expression of GDNF in HPDLCs. Furthermore, GDNF induced migration of HPDLCs, which was blocked by pre-treatment with the peptide including Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence, or neutralizing antibodies against integrin αVβ3 or GDNF. Also, GDNF up-regulated expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP) and fibronectin in HPDLCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GDNF expression is increased in rat wounded PDL tissue and HPDLCs treated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. GDNF enhances the expression of BSP and fibronectin, and migration in an RGD-dependent manner via the integrin αVβ3. These findings suggest that GDNF may contribute to wound healing in PDL tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Japan.
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomokiyo
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Naohisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Monnouchi
authors.forename: Kiyomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Katsuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koori
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Teramatsu
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akamine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D051097:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptors; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D009842:Oligopeptides; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid