title: [Microbiological characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from human cases in Andalusia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective study by genotyping 154 isolates from human listeriosis cases occurred in the region of Andalusia (southern Spain) in the period 2005-2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serotyping was performed for 1 and 4 somatic antigens using commercial Listeria antisera, and by multiplex-PCR serogrouping according to the method described by Doumith et al. (2004). The antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by Epsilon test and interpreted by CLSI criteria. PFGE was performed according to the PulseNet protocol with the ApaI enzyme. The similarity of PFGE profiles was evaluated using the Bionumerics software. The multiplex PCR protocol described by Chen and Knabel (2007) was used for the identification of isolates belonging to L. monocytogenes ECI, ECII, and ECIII epidemic clones.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 154 isolates were grouped into four serotypes: 4b [94 (61%)] strains, 1/2b [30 (19%)] strains, 1/2a [27 (18%)] strains, and 1/2c [3 (2%)] strains, with 100% of susceptibility to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole. A further sixty-two ApaI distinct pulsotypes were recognized. Thirty-seven isolates (24%) showed unique ApaI pulsotypes, and the remaining 117 strains (76%) were assigned to 25 ApaI clusters (60% in clusters of more than two isolates). The EC markers were found in 62 (40.3%) of the L. monocytogenes isolates tested. The ECI marker was present in 43 (46.2%) 4b serotype isolates, ECII in 10 (10.7%) 4b serotype isolates, and ECIII in 9 (33,3%) 1/2a serotype isolates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large proportion of the human listeriosis cases under investigation could be grouped into molecular subtype clusters, and our cases could be related to international food-borne outbreaks.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España. jalepe@cica.es
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lepe
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liró
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luque
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aznar
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial