title: Demographic parameters of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on different soybean cultivars.
abstract: Life table, reproduction, and population growth parameters of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), were determined on nine soybean (Glycine max L.) cultivars ('032', '033', 'Hill', 'M4', 'M7',  'M9', 'M11', 'TMS', and 'Zane') at 25°C. The age-specific survival rate of eggs and immature stages was higher on 033 in comparison with other cultivars. The gross fecundity rate ranged from 911 on M9 to 1,296 on Zane, but the differences  were not statistically significant. The net fecundity rate was significantly higher on 033 (1,082 eggs per female) than on other cultivars. The gross fertility rate significantly differed on tested cultivars, and was the highest on Zane (1,257 eggs per female) and lowest on Hill (813 eggs  per female). The net fertility rate varied from 532 on M11 to 1,082 eggs per female on 033. Both daily number of eggs and daily number of fertile eggs laid per female varied significantly among the different cultivars, and were the highest on TMS (90 for both parameter) and lowest on M7 (47  and 43), respectively. The values of net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and finite rate of increase were significantly higher on 033. The shortest generation time (23 d), shortest doubling time (1.66 d), and highest percentage of female offspring (56%) also were obtained on  033. According to population growth parameters, 033 and Hill partially were susceptible and resistant, respectively, to S. exigua. The results of this study provide direction to design a more comprehensive integrated pest management program for this pest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. mehrkhou@modares.ac.ir
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mehrkhou
authors.forename: Ali Asghar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Talebi
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moharramipour
authors.forename: Vahid Hosseini
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Naveh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007492:Iran; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D011156:Population Density; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal; D013025:Glycine max; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000502:physiology*