title: AvidinOX&#x2122; for tissue targeted delivery of biotinylated cells.
abstract: AvidinOX™, a product containing aldehyde groups, generated by ligand-assisted sugar oxidation of avidin by sodium periodate, maintains the capacity to bind biotin with very high affinity and exhibits the property to chemically link cellular and tissue proteins through Schiff's base formation thus residing in tissues for weeks. In recent studies, we have shown that AvidinOX exhibits much higher persistency in the skeletal muscle than native avidin. The aim of the present study is to evaluate whether AvidinOX-biotin interaction might be exploited to target biotinylated cells to an AvidinOX pre-treated muscle. To accomplish this we performed the following experiments: 1) The proliferation and differentiation properties of biotinylated C2C12 myoblasts were tested in vitro upon linkage to AvidinOX; 2) Bone marrow-derived cells (BMDC) were isolated from GFP positive transgenic mice [strain C57 BL/6-tg (UBC-GFP)] and after biotinylation (bBMDC) were intravenously administered to naive and MAVA+ (Mouse anti Avidin Antibody) C57/B6 mice previously injected with AvidinOX in a tibial muscle (TM). Localization efficiency of GFP+ bBMDC was evaluated on serial sections of the AvidinOX- and vehicle-treated (contra lateral limb) TM, 5 days after transplantation. Results show that biotinylated C2C12 cells, once linked to AvidinOX, maintain their proliferation and differentiation capacity, in vitro. Intravenous injection of biotinylated GFP+ bone marrow-derived cells leads to their specific and efficient localization in the AvidinOX-pre-treated, but not contra lateral muscle of both naive and MAVA+ mice. The present data suggest a potential use of AvidinOX to improve tissue targeted delivery of biotinylated cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, R&#x0026;D Sigma-tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.p.A. Pomezia,  Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nucera
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiapparino
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pacello
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: D'Alessio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Musarò
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Santis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001360:Avidin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D019921:Biotinylation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation
chemical_list: D001360:Avidin