title: Ultrasonography as a tool for monitoring the development and progression of cholangiocarcinoma in Opisthorchis viverrini/ dimethylnitrosamine-induced hamsters.
abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most common cancer in northeastern Thailand. At present, effective diagnosis of CCA either in humans or animals is not available. Monitoring the development and progression of CCA in animal models is essential for research and development of new promising chemotherapeutics. Ultrasonography has been widely used for screening of bile duct obstruction in CCA patients. In this study, we preliminarily investigated the applicability of ultrasonography to monitor the development and progression of CCA in Syrian golden hamsters (n=8) induced by Opisthorchis viverrini (OV)/dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) administration. Ultrasonography and histopathological examination of hamsters was performed at week 0, 20, 24 and 28 of OV infection or at the start of water/Tween-80 administration to controls. The ultrasonographic images of liver parenchyma and gallbladders of OV/DMN-induced CCA hamsters showed sediments in gallbladder, thickening of gallbladder wall, and hypoechogenicity of liver parenchyma cells. The ultrasonographic images of liver tissues were found to correlate well with histopathological examination. Although ultrasonography does not directly detect the occurrence of CCA, it reflects the thickening of bile ducts and abnormality of liver tissues. It may be applied as a reliable tool for monitoring the development and progression of CCA in animal models in research and development of new promising chemotherapeutics for CCA.
authors.affiliation: Thailand Center of Excellence in Drug Discovery and Development (TCEDDD), Thammasat University, Pathumtani, Thailand.
authors.forename: Tullayakorn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Plengsuriyakarn
authors.forename: Veerachai
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Eursitthichai
authors.forename: Nipawan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Labbunruang
authors.forename: Kesara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Na-Bangchang
authors.forename: Smarn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tesana
authors.forename: Waraporn
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Aumarm
authors.forename: Ananya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pongpradit
authors.forename: Vithoon
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Viyanant
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009889:Opisthorchiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D009891:Opisthorchis / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011379:Prognosis; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine