title: The relationship of newborn adiposity to fetal growth outcome based on birth weight or the modified neonatal growth assessment score.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  (1) Develop reference ranges of neonatal adiposity using air displacement plethysmography. (2) Use new reference ranges for neonatal adiposity to compare two different methods of evaluating neonatal nutritional status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and twenty-four normal neonates (35-41 weeks post-menstrual age) had body fat (%BF) and total fat mass (FM, g) measured using air displacement plethysmography shortly after delivery. Results were stratified for 92 of these neonates with corresponding fetal biometry using two methods for classifying nutritional status: (1) population-based weight percentiles; and (2) a modified neonatal growth assessment score (m(3)NGAS(51)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the 50th percentile, %BF varied from 7.7% (35 weeks) to 11.8% (41 weeks), while the corresponding 50th percentiles for total FM were 186-436 g. Among the subset of 92 neonates, no significant differences in adiposity were found between small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and large for gestational age (LGA) groups using population-based weight standards. Classification of the same neonates using m(3)NGAS(51) showed significant differences in mean %BF between corresponding groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Population-based weight criteria for neonatal nutritional status can lead to misclassifications on the basis of adiposity. A neonatal growth assessment score, that considers the growth potential of several anatomic parameters, appears to more effectively classify under- and over-nourished newborns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, 6651 Main Street, Suite 1020, Houston, TX 77030, USA. wesley.lee@bcm.edu
authors.forename: Wesley
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: Winston
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Russell L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Deter
authors.forename: Lami
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010991:Plethysmography; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal