title: Mercury distribution and deposition in glacier snow over western China.
abstract: Western China is home to the largest aggregate of glaciers outside the polar regions, yet little is known about how the glaciers in this area affect the transport and cycling of mercury (Hg) regionally and globally. From 2005 to 2010, extensive glacier snow sampling campaigns were carried out in 14 snowpits from 9 glaciers over western China, and the vertical distribution profiles of Hg were obtained. The Total Hg (THg) concentrations in the glacier snow ranged from <1 to 43.6 ng L(-1), and exhibited clear seasonal variations with lower values in summer than in winter. Spatially, higher THg concentrations were typically observed in glacier snows from the northern region where atmospheric particulate loading is comparably high. Glacier snowpit Hg was largely dependent on particulate matters and was associated with particulate Hg, which is less prone to postdepositional changes, thus providing a valuable record of atmospheric Hg deposition. Estimated atmospheric Hg depositional fluxes ranged from 0.74 to 7.89 μg m(-2) yr(-1), agreeing very well with the global natural values, but are one to two orders of magnitude lower than that of the neighboring East Asia. Elevated Hg concentrations were observed in refrozen ice layers in several snowpits subjected to intense melt, indicating that Hg can be potentially released to meltwater.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jia 4 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, PR China.
authors.forename: Qianggong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Feiyue
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Loewen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Chaoliu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shichang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry; D002681:China; D005843:Geography; D046448:Ice Cover / Q000737:chemistry*; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry; D012621:Seasons; D012914:Snow / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D008628:Mercury