title: TK Modeler version 1.0, a Microsoft® Excel®-based modeling software for the prediction of diurnal blood/plasma concentration for toxicokinetic use.
abstract: TK Modeler 1.0 is a Microsoft® Excel®-based pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling program created to aid in the design of toxicokinetic (TK) studies. TK Modeler 1.0 predicts the diurnal blood/plasma concentrations of a test material after single, multiple bolus or dietary dosing using known PK information. Fluctuations in blood/plasma concentrations based on test material kinetics are calculated using one- or two-compartment PK model equations and the principle of superposition. This information can be utilized for the determination of appropriate dosing regimens based on reaching a specific desired C(max), maintaining steady-state blood/plasma concentrations, or other exposure target. This program can also aid in the selection of sampling times for accurate calculation of AUC(24h) (diurnal area under the blood concentration time curve) using sparse-sampling methodologies (one, two or three samples). This paper describes the construction, use and validation of TK Modeler. TK Modeler accurately predicted blood/plasma concentrations of test materials and provided optimal sampling times for the calculation of AUC(24h) with improved accuracy using sparse-sampling methods. TK Modeler is therefore a validated, unique and simple modeling program that can aid in the design of toxicokinetic studies.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology & Environmental Research and Consulting, The Dow Chemical Company, 1803 Building, Midland, MI 48674, USA. amccoy@dow.com
authors.forename: Alene T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rick
authors.forename: Shakil A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Saghir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012984:Software; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations