title: Nicotine inhibits histone deacetylase 6 activity and chaperone-dependent activation of the glucocorticoid receptor in A549 cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nicotine, a major component of tobacco, is the main cause of smoking addiction. It was found that asthmatic patients who smoke were insensitive to glucocorticoid treatment. In this paper, we investigated whether nicotine could inhibit histone deacetylase 6 activity (HDAC6) and chaperone-dependent activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in A549 cells. Furthermore, the expression level of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) was determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the levels of RNA transcription, and Western blotting was applied to analyze the levels of protein expression of HDAC6, GR, and HSP90 in A549 cells. Moreover, the effects of dexamethasone and trichostatin A were observed in A549 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A549 cell proliferation was inhibited in the presence of nicotine, and the level of RNA and protein expression of HDAC6 and GR were down-regulated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nicotine could inhibit HDAC6 activity and chaperone-dependent activation of GR. This might be the main reason why asthmatic patients who smoke show insensitivity to the glucocorticoid treatment.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medicine of Peking University China-Japan Friendship, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Li-chao
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jiang-tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tong-liang
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiao-yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D000073864:Histone Deacetylase 6; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D009538:Nicotine; C433811:HDAC6 protein, human; D000073864:Histone Deacetylase 6; D006655:Histone Deacetylases