title: Carbohydrate-based synthetic ion transporters.
abstract: In this work, carbohydrate-based systems designed as artificial ion transporters have been surveyed. Despite the large structural diversity and ease of manipulations of carbohydrates, in principle endowed with a variety of desirable properties for ionophoric activity, only few examples of sugar-containing compounds have been reported in the literature for these purposes. The most remarkable example is the family of modified β-cyclodextrins, resulting in active cation and/or anion transporters when long, flexible n-alkyl or oligo-ethylene or butylene glycol chains are appended at the lower rim of the macrocycle. Interesting features have been also found in amphiphilic CyPLOS (Cyclic Phosphate-Linked Oligosaccharide) dimers, that is macrocycles with two phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside residues, 4,6-linked through phosphodiester bonds, derivatized with tetraethylene glycol tentacles. A wider repertoire of available carbohydrate-based scaffolds is expected to largely stimulate the discovery of novel, efficient artificial ionophores, of great interest for both technological and biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy. daniela.montesarchio@unina.it
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Montesarchio
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boccalon
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tecilla
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions / Q000378:metabolism; D002072:Butylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D002414:Cations, Monovalent / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017136:Ion Transport; D007476:Ionophores / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000138:chemical synthesis*
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002072:Butylene Glycols; D002414:Cations, Monovalent; D007476:Ionophores; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010710:Phosphates; D012503:Saponins; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C478446:avicin G; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D000666:Amphotericin B