title: Associations between aggressive behaviour scores and cardiovascular risk factors in childhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the influence of aggressive behaviour scores on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors throughout childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study utilized cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study (n = 2900). Aggressive behaviour scores were derived from the Child Behavior Checklist/4-18(CBCL), Youth Self-Report/11-18 (YSR) and Teacher Report Form/6-18 (TRF). CVD risk factors included body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting lipids and homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Girls with higher aggressive behaviour scores had higher BMI from 10 years of age (P ≤ 0.001), higher BMI trajectories throughout childhood (P = 0.0003) and at 14 years higher HOMA-IR (P = 0.008). At the 14-year survey, this equated to a difference of 1.7 kg/m2 in the predicted BMI between the extreme CBCL scores in girls (top 5% (CBCL ≥ 17) vs. CBCL score = 0). Boys with higher aggressive behaviour scores had higher BMI at 5 years (P = 0.002), lower diastolic pressure at 14 years (P = 0.002) and lower systolic blood pressure trajectories throughout childhood (P = 0.016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aggressive behaviour influences BMI from early childhood in girls but not boys. If this association is causal, childhood offers the opportunity for early behavioural intervention for obesity prevention.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia. slouise@meddent.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Louise
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Warrington
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McCaskie
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Oddy
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Zubrick
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hands
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Briollais
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silburn
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mattes
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Beilin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000367:Age Factors; D000374:Aggression; D000375:Aging; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D057189:Checklist; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D007223:Infant; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D057566:Self Report; D012737:Sex Factors; D014904:Western Australia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids