title: Mechanical properties and biomineralization of multifunctional nanodiamond-PLLA composites for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Multifunctional bone scaffold materials have been produced from a biodegradable polymer, poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), and 1-10% wt of octadecylamine-functionalized nanodiamond (ND-ODA) via solution casting followed by compression molding. By comparison to pure PLLA, the addition of 10% wt of ND-ODA resulted in a significant improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite matrix, including a 280% increase in the strain at failure and a 310% increase in fracture energy in tensile tests. The biomimetic process of bonelike apatite growth on the ND-ODA/PLLA scaffolds was studied using microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The enhanced mechanical properties and the increased mineralization capability with higher ND-ODA concentration suggest that these biodegradable composites may potentially be useful for a variety of biomedical applications, including scaffolds for orthopedic regenerative engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Qingwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Vadym N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Mochalin
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Neitzel
authors.forename: Kavan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hazeli
authors.forename: Junjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kontsos
authors.forename: Jack G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Peter I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Lelkes
authors.forename: Yury
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gogotsi
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D018130:Diamond / Q000737:chemistry*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D049329:Nanostructures; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D018130:Diamond