title: Tripolar spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of abdominal pain associated with irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this case report is to describe the use of transverse tripolar dorsal column stimulation in a patient with a history of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) associated with abdominal pain resistant to conservative treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a 36-year-old man who presented to the pain clinic with an eight-year history of IBS (constipation predominant with occasional diarrheal episodes), with "crampy and sharp" abdominal pain. He also had nonradicular thoracic spine pain due to thoracic scoliosis. Both pains were affecting his ability to function as an attorney. Prior conservative therapy, including psychologic treatment, antidepressants, and opioids, was without any benefits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of a spinal cord stimulator (SCS) was discussed with the patient. The procedure was performed after Institutional Review Board approval. A tripolar SCS was implanted at the T8 level using one-eight contact and two-four contact percutaneous leads based on paresthesia reproduction of patient's areas of discomfort. This tripolar spinal cord stimulation provided relief of abdominal and thoracic pain, and better management of gastrointestinal symptoms. The patient was followed-up for one year, and his quality of life also was improved via the IBS-Severity Scoring System quality of life tool.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of the tripolar SCS in this patient provided relief of abdominal and thoracic spine pain, regulated bowel habits, and improved the patient's quality of life. We believe that the use of SCS should be considered as a treatment option in patients with IBS when all conservative treatments failed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60657, USA. maunakr@gmail.com
authors.forename: Maunak V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.forename: Nebojsa Nick
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Knezevic
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D062187:Spinal Cord Stimulation / Q000379:methods*