title: Renal health and the environment: heavy metal nephrotoxicity.
abstract: We currently recognise that environmental toxins such as cadmium, lead, and arsenic play a significant role in the development of chronic renal failure. Epidemiological studies have shown a strong association between exposure to these metals and the presence of chronic kidney injury. The physiopathological mechanisms behind metal-induced kidney injury are complex, and some aspects of their metabolism and damage mechanisms remain unknown. This review aims to analyse the physiopathological mechanisms of kidney injury due to cadmium, lead and arsenic.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Nefrología, Hospital General de Querétaro, México. esabath@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sabath
authors.forename: M Ludivina
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Robles-Osorio
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D001692:Biological Transport; D001822:Body Burden; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005506:Food Contamination; D006801:Humans; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D007854:Lead / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D001151:Arsenic