title: Structural effect and mechanism of C70-carboxyfullerenes as efficient sensitizers against cancer cells.
abstract: Carboxyfullerenes with different adduct numbers and cage sizes are tested as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The photodynamic efficiency of these carboxyfullerenes depends mainly on the cage size, C(60)  versus C(70) , and to a lesser extent on the adduct numbers. In particular, malonic acid modified C(70)  fullerenes are more efficient than their C(60)  counterparts as photosensitizers, and the mechanism of cell death induced by C(70) -carboxyfullerene under light irradiation is investigated in detail. The results indicate that cell death occurs via necrosis accompanied by membrane blebbing, which is a unique phenomenon for photosensitizer-induced cell death. Since C(70) -carboxyfullerene displays an efficient PDT property and negligible dark cytotoxicity, it is promising for use in PDT applications, especially in vascular capillary diseases usually occurring under the surface.
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructures and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qiaoling
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mirong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Junpeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yongji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chunru
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008314:Malonates / Q000737:chemistry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
chemical_list: D037741:Fullerenes; D008314:Malonates; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C069836:fullerene C70; C030290:malonic acid