title: Laparoendoscopic single site (LESS) nephroureterectomy: an overview of techniques & outcomes.
abstract: LaparoEndoscopic Single-Site (LESS) nephroureterectomy is a recent iteration of laparoscopic renal surgery whereby the minimally-invasive approach of  laparoscopy has been condensed to a single operative access site in efforts to minimize convalescence and improve cosmesis. To date, LESS nephroureterectomy has been reported successful  for both adult and pediatric patient populations, most commonly for treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma in adults. For the treatment of upper tract urothelial  carcinomas, comparative oncologic effectiveness of LESS compared to conventional laparoscopy or open surgery is pending further investigation. Overall, LESS  nephroureterectomy has proven its role as a feasible and safe option of minimally-invasive surgery, minimizing the number and length of the surgical incisions used.
authors.affiliation: The Arthur Smith Institute for Urology, The Hofstra-North Shore LIJ School of Medicine, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
authors.forename: Soroush
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rais-Bahrami
authors.forename: Louis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Kavoussi
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Richstone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014516:Ureteral Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery