title: Leisure time physical activity in Saudi Arabia: prevalence, pattern and determining factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Identification of reliable predictors of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) will enable healthcare providers to intervene and change the patterns of LTPA in the population to improve community health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to determine prevalence and pattern of LTPA among adult Saudis aged 18-65 years, and to define the socio-demographic determinants that correlate with LTPA in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study of 2176 adult Saudis attending urban and rural primary health care centers were selected using a multistage proportionate sampling method. Participants were personally interviewed to gather information regarding socio-demographics, physical activity pattern using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Physical activity (PA) in each domain was expressed in metabolic equivalents (METs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median total METs minutes/week for LTPA for both genders was 256, higher for men (636 METs minutes/week) compared to women (249 METs minutes/week). Overall, only 19.8% of the total PA was derived from LTPA. Of the sampled population 50.0% reported doing no leisure activity. Using the cut off of 600 METs-minutes/day or 150 minutes of moderate intensity over 5 or more days/week, only 21.0% of the included sample were considered as being sufficiently active and 10.4% were in the high active category with beneficial health effects. Multivariate regression analysis showed that male, younger age (<35 years), absence of chronic disease conditions and moderate level of total PA were significant predictors for being active in the LTPA domain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence and intensity of LTPA among the included sample demonstrated low levels. Nearly 80% of the included sample population did not achieve the recommended LTPA level with beneficial health effects. Female gender, urban residence and associated chronic diseases correlated with a low LTPA.
authors.affiliation: Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. amin55@myway.com
authors.forename: Tarek Tawfik
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: Ali Salah
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al Khoudair
authors.forename: Mohammad Abdulwahab
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Al Harbi
authors.forename: Ahmed Radi
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Al Ali
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D011634:Public Health; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult