title: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase enhancer (PIKE) in the brain: is it simply a phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt enhancer?
abstract: Since its discovery in 2000, phosphoinositide 3-kinase enhancer (PIKE) has been recognized as a class of GTPase that controls the enzymatic activities of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt in the central nervous system (CNS). However, recent studies suggest that PIKEs are not only enhancers to PI3K/Akt but also modulators to other kinases including insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and focal adhesion kinases. Moreover, they regulate transcription factors such as signal transducer and activator of transcription and nuclear factor κB. Indeed, PIKE proteins participate in multiple cellular processes including control of cell survival, brain development, memory formation, gene transcription, and metabolism. In this review, we have summarized the functions of PIKE proteins in CNS and discussed their potential implications in various neurological disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. cbchan@emory.edu
authors.forename: Chi Bun
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Keqiang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D000075386:Netrin Receptors; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000075386:Netrin Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C410467:insulin receptor tyrosine kinase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C485997:AGAP2 protein, human; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins