title: Forming a family with sperm donation: a survey of 244 non-biological parents.
abstract: There has been little research on the views and experiences of non-biological parents of sperm donor children. This paper reports the results of a survey of non-biological mothers and fathers. An online survey was designed and conducted by the Donor Sibling Registry, a US-based non-profit organization that supports those who have used donor conception. A total of 244 people responded (199 non-biological mothers and 45 non-biological fathers). The survey aimed to understand the perspectives of the respondents who had used donor spermatozoa within heterosexual or same-sex relationships, by exploring their views on a number of key issues. Certain issues and concerns associated with not being genetically related to their offspring were experienced differently by men and women. However, there were many important areas of common ground: a concern for getting a healthy donor, the importance of matching the donor to the non-biological partner, and the amount of thought that went into selecting the donor. The implications of these results for policies concerning donor spermatozoa are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, The Waterhouse Blds., Brownlow St., Liverpool L69 3GL, UK. Frith@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frith
authors.forename: Neroli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003625:Data Collection; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005220:Fathers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007316:Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009862:Online Systems; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011247:Pregnancy; D013094:Spermatozoa; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014342:Truth Disclosure; D055815:Young Adult