title: Catalytic conversion of inulin and fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by lignosulfonic acid in ionic liquids.
abstract: In this work, we found that lignosulfonic acid (LS), which is a waste byproduct from the paper industry, in ionic liquids (ILs) can catalyze the dehydration of fructose and inulin into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) efficiently, which is a promising potential substitute for petroleum-based building blocks. The effects of reaction time, temperature, catalyst loading, and reusability of the catalytic system were studied. It was found that a 94.3% yield of HMF could be achieved in only 10 min at 100 °C under mild conditions. The reusability study of the LS-IL catalytic system after removal of HMF by ethyl acetate extraction demonstrated that the catalytic activity decreased from 77.4 to 62.9% after five cycles and the catalytic activity could be recovered after simply removing the accumulated humins by filtration after adding ethanol to the LS-ILs. The integrated utilization of a biorenewable feedstock, catalyst, and ILs is an example of an ideal green chemical process.
authors.affiliation: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS, 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian, PR China. hbxie@dicp.ac.cn
authors.forename: Haibo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Zongbao K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry*; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D007328:Insulin / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008031:Lignin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D012997:Solvents; D005632:Fructose; C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural; C001545:lignosulfuric acid; D008031:Lignin; D005662:Furaldehyde