title: Genitourinary malignancy presenting as an ocular metastasis: A case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Metastases to the eye or orbit as the initial presentation of genitourinary malignancy are unusual and can be a diagnostic challenge. We report an 81-year-old man who presented with pain and proptosis in an eye that had been blind for 50 years. Radiologic investigations identified a mass involving the left globe and orbit. Histology of the enucleation specimen was consistent with a metastatic poorly differentiated carcinoma suggestive of a prostate primary. With the constellation of obstructive urinary symptoms, an abnormal digital rectal examination, elevated prostate-specific antigen and a positive bone scan, androgen deprivation therapy was initiated for metastatic prostate cancer. After an initial response to treatment, the patient's disease progressed in a manner atypical for prostate cancer. After describing our case, we review the literature on ocular and orbital metastases and their relation to genitourinary malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC.
authors.forename: Shilo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lefresne
authors.forename: Alysa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fairchild
authors.forename: Royce
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deschenes
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pederson