title: [An experiment study and clinical observation of the influence of free-skin-grafted scrotal avulsion injuries on spermatogenesis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the influence of Free-skin-grafted penoscrotal avulsion injuries on spermatogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two male New Zealand albino rabbits during child-bearing period were divided into the experimental group (n = 24) and the control group (n = 18) using random digits table, and 24 female rabbits with reproductive history were used for mating experiment. The experimental group animal's scrotum skin were excised, and the split skin from abdominal region was used to repair the skin defect of scrotum. The control group did not any processing. Six rabbits were randomly chosen respectively in control group and on the 3rd and 8th weekend after the model was successfully established in experimental group. The testicular surface temperature was measured in the eighteen rabbits using the method of burying thermometer, then the testicular biopsy were performed for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. On the 8(th) weekend after the model was successfully established in experimental group, matched-pair feed was performed in the other 12 rabbits respectively in experimental group and in control group. Observation of corresponding mother rabbit fertility. Three patients of penoscrotal avulsion injuries were treated using split skin grafts, and the information of sex life and the quality of sperm were obtained by follow up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The testicular surface temperature was similar on the 3rd and 8th weekend after the model was successfully established in experimental group [(36.15 ± 0.24)°C, (36.77 ± 0.42)°C] with that of the control group. Testis tissue (HE) staining showed the tier of spermatogenic cells was rule arrangement and lot of mature sperms were found in the convoluted seminiferous tubules in control group. The tier of spermatogenic cells was diminished and disposed derangement, the spermatozoa were not seen on the 3(th) weekend of the experiment group. The tier of spermatogenic cells was increased and some spermatozoa were seen on the 8th weekend of the experiment group. Male and female matched-pair feed showed the experimental group conception rate 8/12, and 4.1 ± 3.2 rabbit babies were born averagely, while that of was 12/12 and 6.0 ± 1.3 in control group (P > 0.05). The skin grafts there were some contracture in early stage (1 - 2 months) when the skin grafts applied to repair the avulsing scrotum in three patients. But the skin grafts became loose with downward sagging and there were the good cosmetic result in one year, and without any contracture. The sperm quality was normal after the skin grafts applied to repair the avulsing scrotum in the late stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The skin grafting is little arrest the testicle spermatogenesis in the three methods (skin flap reconstruction scrotum, testicle buried, split skin grafting) that have usually been used to repair scrotum skin lose. For a young male, the best treatment for penoscrotal avulsion injuries is free skin grafting, while skin flaps are not recommended for reconstructing the scrotum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi 563003, China.
authors.forename: Guang-feng
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Da-li
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zai-rong
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Zhi-jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Kai-yu
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Wen-hu
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D012611:Scrotum / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013524:Surgical Flaps