title: Unusually high alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio in a patient with cyproterone-induced icteric hepatitis.
abstract: A 70-year-old man with prostatic adenocarcinoma received cyproterone acetate 200 mg per day. Three months later, mild fatigue and anorexia with elevation of the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level to 1311 U/L, total bilirubin level to 14 mg/dL and prothrombin time of 15/11.9 seconds developed. At that time the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level was only 82 U/L. Viral hepatitis and autoimmune markers were all negative. This hepatitis resolved quickly after cyproterone therapy was discontinued. One and a half years later, the patient was prescribed cyproterone 100 mg daily at another hospital where staff were unaware of his previous history. General malaise, upper abdominal pain and jaundice developed two months later. Laboratory studies at emergency room revealed an AST of 245 U/L, ALT of 255 U/L, total bilirubin of 8.2 mg/dL, amylase of 6055 U/L, prothrombin time of 15.2/11.1 seconds and platelet count of 68000 cells/mL. Although cyproterone was discontinued, the patient died of multiple organ failure 20 days after admission. This case report presents a rare situation with marked elevation of the ALT level without AST level elevation. This finding suggests that cyproterone may induce specific damage to the plasma membrane, and the mitochondria are not involved in the initial stage.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Dar-In
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Tai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology*; D003534:Cyproterone / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007565:Jaundice / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D003534:Cyproterone; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase