title: Grape seed and skin extract mitigates garlic-induced oxidative stress in rat liver.
abstract: Garlic is a commonly used spice in folk medicine that can exert adverse health effects when given at a high dose. Grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) exhibits a variety of beneficial effects even at a high dose. In the present study we evaluated the toxicity of high-dose garlic treatment on liver and the protective effect of GSSE. Rats were intraperitoneally administered either with garlic extract (5 g·(kg body weight)(-1)) or GSSE (500 mg·(kg body weight)(-1)) or a combination of garlic and GSSE at the same doses daily for 1 month. Plasma and hepatic levels of cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and transaminases and liver antioxidant status were evaluated. Data showed that a high garlic dose induced liver toxicity and a pro-oxidative status characterized by increased malondialdehyde and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities as catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. Garlic increased intracellular H(2)O(2) but decreased free iron and Ca(2+). GSSE alone or in co-treatment with garlic had the reverse effect and counteracted almost all garlic-induced deleterious impacts to near control levels. In conclusion, a high garlic dose induced a pro-oxidative state characterized by the Fenton reaction between H(2)O(2) and free iron, inducing Ca(2+) depletion, while GSSE exerted antioxidant properties and Ca(2+) repletion.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de neurophysiologie fonctionnelle et pathologies, Département des sciences biologiques, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire El Manar II, Tunisie. sonia_hamlaoui@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamlaoui-Gasmi
authors.forename: Meherzia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mokni
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Limam
authors.forename: Prudence
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: N'guessan
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrier
authors.forename: Ferid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Limam
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amri
authors.forename: Ezzedine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aouani
authors.forename: Lamjed
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marzouki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D005737:Garlic; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000637:Transaminases / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000637:Transaminases; D002118:Calcium