title: GABRA2 markers moderate the subjective effects of alcohol.
abstract: Individual differences in subjective responses (SRs) to alcohol are moderated by genetic variants and may be risk factors for the development of alcohol use disorders. Variation in the GABA(A) α2 receptor subunit gene (GABRA2) has been associated with alcohol dependence (AD). Therefore, we examined whether individual differences in SRs, which reflect sensitivity to the effects of alcohol, are associated with variation in GABRA2. Sixty-nine healthy subjects (21-30 years) underwent a laboratory-based within-session cumulative oral alcohol dosing procedure, achieving a mean peak blood alcohol level of 100.4 mg/dl (standard error = 2.5). Subjective assessments were obtained throughout the session, including ascending and descending limbs of the alcohol curve. We genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across the chromosome 4 region spanning GABRA2 and analyzed the effect of genotype and haplotypes on subjective responses to alcohol. Population substructure was characterized through the use of ancestry informative markers. Individual SNP analysis demonstrated that carriers of the minor alleles for SNPs rs279858, rs279844, rs279845, rs279826, rs279828 and rs279836 had lower 'Negative' alcohol effects scores than individuals homozygous for the common allele at each SNP (P = 0.0060, P = 0.0035, P = 0.0045, P = 0.0043, P = 0.0037 and P = 0.0061, respectively). Haplotype effects of block 1 showed concordant results with SNPs in this block (P = 0.0492 and P = 0.0150 for haplotypes 1 and 4, respectively). The minor alleles for several of these SNPs have previously been associated with AD. Our findings provide further evidence that variation within GABRA2 is associated with attenuated negative responses to alcohol, a known risk factor for vulnerability to alcohol use disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Magdalena.Uhart@cshs.org
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uhart
authors.forename: Elise M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Weerts
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McCaul
authors.forename: Xiuqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Henry R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kranzler
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Wand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D002894:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 / Q000235:genetics; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D058068:Endophenotypes; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D010919:Placebos; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
chemical_list: C484841:GABRA2 protein, human; D005819:Genetic Markers; D010919:Placebos; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D000431:Ethanol; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid