title: Effectiveness of interventions to improve medication adherence in bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify interventions that improve medication adherence in bipolar disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of the literature from 2004 to 2011 was conducted using Medline and manual searching.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven studies were identified as meeting inclusion criteria. Five studies demonstrated improved medication adherence. No characteristics of the interventions, clinical characteristics of the groups or methodological factors distinguished those psychosocial interventions that demonstrated improvement from those that did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While only a few interventions improved adherence, most improved clinical outcomes. Issues were also identified about the way in which adherence is defined. It is proposed that incorporating patient preferences into measures of adherence within the context of a disorder-specific psychosocial intervention may provide an approach that demonstrates both improved adherence and improved clinical outcomes. However this requires further research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand. marie.crowe@otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Maree
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inder
authors.forename: Cameron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.forename: Dave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carlyle
authors.forename: Lynere
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D057240:Patient Preference / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents