title: Molecular genetics of acute myeloid leukemia: clinical implications and opportunities for integrating genomics into clinical practice.
abstract: Advances in sequencing technologies have led to the discovery of a series of mutations in a sizeable proportion of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) over the last 10 years. Clinical correlative studies are now beginning to decipher the clinical importance,  prevalence and potential prognostic significance of these mutations in AML but few studies have assessed the clinical implications of these mutations in a comprehensive fashion. Nonetheless, mutations in DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1 are emerging as important adverse prognosticators  in subsets of patients with AML independent of FLT3 mutations whereas mutations in IDH2 at residue 140 are potential predictors of improved outcome in AML. Further improvements in cost, throughput, and clinical validation of second-generation sequencing technologies may allow  for clinical implementation of comprehensive genetic profiling in the clinical care of AML patients.
authors.affiliation: Leukemia Service and Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. abdelwao@mskcc.org
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Abdel-Wahab
mesh_terms: D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D000090205:DNA Methyltransferase 3A; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D049308:Dioxygenases; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C473949:ASXL1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000717967:DNMT3A protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C538784:IDH2 protein, human; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; C543588:IDH1 protein, human; D049308:Dioxygenases; C541081:TET2 protein, human; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; D000090205:DNA Methyltransferase 3A; C497970:FLT3 protein, human; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3