title: Production of human milk fat analogue containing docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids.
abstract: Human milk fat (HMF) analogue containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) at sn-1,3 positions and palmitic acid (PA) at sn-2 position was produced. Novozym 435 lipase was used to produce palmitic acid-enriched hazelnut oil (EHO). EHO was then used to produce the final structured lipid (SL) through interesterification reactions using Lipozyme RM IM. Reaction variables for 3 h reactions were temperature, substrate mole ratio, and ARASCO/DHASCO (A:D) ratio. After statistical analysis of DHA, ARA, total PA, and PA content at sn-2 position, a large-scale production was performed at 60 °C, 3:2 A:D ratio, and 1:0.1 substrate mole ratio. For the SL, those results were determined as 57.3 ± 0.4%, 2.7 ± 0.0%, 2.4 ± 0.1%, and 66.1 ± 2.2%, respectively. Tocopherol contents were 84, 19, 85, and 23 μg/g oil for α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocopherol. Melting range of SL was narrower than that of EHO. Oxidative stability index (OSI) value of SL (0.80 h) was similar to that of EHO (0.88 h). This SL can be used in infant formulas to provide the benefits of ARA and DHA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Science Building, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2610, USA.
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Neşe
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sahin Yeşilçubuk
authors.forename: Casimir C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Akoh
mesh_terms: D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D031211:Corylus; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D004951:Esterification; D019358:Fat Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005223:Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry; D008049:Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005223:Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D010938:Plant Oils; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D019308:Palmitic Acid; C093666:Lipozyme; D008049:Lipase; D024505:Tocopherols