title: Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference--2012: recommendations on trialing for intrathecal (intraspinal) drug delivery: report of an interdisciplinary expert panel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trialing for intrathecal pump placement is an essential part of the decision-making process in placing a permanent device. In both the United States and the international community, the proper method for trialing is ill defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference (PACC) is a group of well-published experienced practitioners who meet to update the state of care for intrathecal therapies on the basis of current knowledge in the literature and clinical experience. Anexhaustive search is performed to create a base of information that the panel considers when making recommendations for best clinical practices. This literature, coupled with clinical experience, is the basis for recommendations and for identification of gaps in the base of knowledge regarding trialing for intrathecal pump placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The panel has made recommendations for the proper methods of trialing for long-term intrathecal drug delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of intrathecal drug delivery is an important part of the treatment algorithm for moderate to severe chronic pain. It has become common practice to perform a temporary neuroaxial infusion before permanent device implantation. On the basis of current knowledge, the PACC has developed recommendations to improve care. The need to update these recommendations will be very important as new literature is published.
authors.affiliation: Center for Pain Relief, Charleston, WV 25301, USA. doctdeer@aol.com
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Deer
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prager
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buchser
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caraway
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cousins
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Andrés
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diwan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erdek
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grigsby
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huntoon
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Liong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liem
authors.forename: Gladstone
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McDowell
authors.forename: Sunil J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Panchal
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rauck
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saulino
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staats
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stanton-Hicks
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stearns
authors.forename: B Todd
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Sitzman
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: K Dean
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yaksh
authors.forename: Nagy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mekhail
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics