title: Implementing a public-private mix model for tuberculosis treatment in urban Pakistan: lessons and experiences.
abstract: METHODS
  Six towns of Karachi, Pakistan.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  1) To strengthen the capacity of general practitioners (GPs) in providing tuberculosis (TB) treatment through DOTS; and 2) to enhance collaboration between the public and private sectors in TB management and case reporting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A quasi-experimental study design was adopted to ensure enrolment of TB patients through trained GPs with the support of laboratory networks and to improve the case detection rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The following challenges were faced during implementation of the model in urban settings: no systematic  list of GPs was available; the majority of the GPs were untrained health practitioners working in squatter settlements, where formally trained GPs are most needed; the motivation of GPs with high patient loads is very low; and access to a laboratory is difficult. Of 35 patients enrolled in  the first quarter (third quarter 2009), 87% completed their treatment successfully.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Public-private mix (PPM) DOTS is feasible in the cities of Pakistan. However, the cost, time and effort required to establish the programme is higher than in many other developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Naqvi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naseer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pethani
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naeem
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zainab
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fatmi
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D019033:Delivery of Health Care, Integrated / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D023801:Directly Observed Therapy; D005260:Female; D058006:General Practice / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017146:Models, Organizational; D009042:Motivation; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D017149:Private Sector / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D017150:Public Sector / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D055818:Public-Private Sector Partnerships / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D019037:Urban Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D016526:Workload
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents