title: BMP4 was associated with NSCL/P in an Asian population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 gene (BMP4) is located in chromosome 14q22-q23 which has shown evidence of linkage for isolated nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in a genome wide linkage analysis of human multiplex families. BMP4 has been shown to play crucial roles in lip and palatal development in animal models. Several candidate gene association analyses also supported its potential risk for NSCL/P, however, results across these association studies have been inconsistent. The aim of the current study was to test for possible association between markers in and around the BMP4 gene and NSCL/P in Asian and Maryland trios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Family Based Association Test was used to test for deviation from Mendelian assortment for 12 SNPs in and around BMP4. Nominal significant evidence of linkage and association was seen for three SNPs (rs10130587, rs2738265 and rs2761887) in 221 Asian trios and for one SNP (rs762642) in 76 Maryland trios. Statistical significance still held for rs10130587 after Bonferroni correction (corrected p = 0.019) among the Asian group. Estimated odds ratio for carrying the apparent high risk allele at this SNP was 1.61 (95%CI = 1.20, 2.18).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provided further evidence of association between BMP4 and NSCL/P.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jacqueline B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hetmanski
authors.forename: Tianxiao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruczinski
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwender
authors.forename: Kung Yee
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: M Daniele
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fallin
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Redett
authors.forename: Gerald V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Raymond
authors.forename: Yah-Huei
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wu Chou
authors.forename: Philip Kuo-Ting
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yeow
authors.forename: Samuel S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Felicia S H
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Cheah
authors.forename: Ethylin Wang
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Jabs
authors.forename: Alan F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Terri H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Beaty
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000235:genetics*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4