title: Working for citizenship: the dangers of occupational deprivation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine published case examples of occupational deprivation in relation to Wilcock's 1989 theoretical proposal that it is caused by economic and political systems, institutional policies, or advances in technology that displace workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven accounts of occupational deprivation centering on access to or maintenance of a work role.
  
  
  METHODS
  A thematic review of articles reporting access to or maintenance of a worker role as a major concern were located in an electronic search of multiple databases using the keyword `occupational deprivation'.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While no examples pertaining to technological change were located, legislation enacted to protect national security or redress the ongoing affects of colonisation, a philosophy of punishing prisoners, and healthcare and employment structures were identified as causes of occupational deprivation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Economic and political systems and institutional policies are confirmed to cause occupational deprivation of worker roles in prison and indigenous populations, migrant workers and older female immigrants, young women displaced by war, refugees and asylum seekers, and people with disabilities. The ongoing economic burden of wasting human potential and the loss of cultural practices that support productive occupations are two negative outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand. clare.hocking@aut.ac.nz
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hocking
mesh_terms: D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012923:Social Class; D014478:Unemployment; D014481:United States