title: A ultra-pressure liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of 13 eicosanoids in human urine and quantitative 24 hour values in healthy volunteers in a controlled constant diet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Isoprostanes (IsoPs) are a series of prostaglandin (PG)-like compounds formed non-enzymatically through free-radical-induced peroxidation of arachidonic acid. They are considered as 'gold-standard' biomarkers for oxidative stress, in general, and lipid peroxidation, in particular.
  
  
  METHODS
  A new qualitative and quantitative analytical method for the determination of 13 eicosanoids in human urine using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and ultra-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS) has been developed. The SPE was optimized by comparison of the extraction efficiency and recoveries of three distinct cartridges: Strata X-AW, C18 Sep-Pak, and Oasis HLB. The UPLC/MS/MS approach in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode was developed using negative electrospray ionization (ESI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The validated method provides a high-throughput assay with an adequate linearity from 0.16 to 330 ng mL(-1). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for each analyte showed low intervals (0.021-0.64 ng mL(-1) and 0.042-1.28 ng mL(-1), respectively). Urinary IsoPs were determined in 24 healthy volunteers and ranged from 685 to 3480 ng 24 h(-1) and from 864 to 7511 ng 24 h(-1) in urine from women and men, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This analytical method could constitute a useful tool for the determination of oxidative stress biomarkers in clinical studies in which IsoPs may evidence early pathological conditions, as suggested by the determination of the baseline IsoPs content in human urine, since it improves upon the detection capacity of previously described methods. The quantity of IsoPs excreted in urine was higher than that found in previous reports due to the total hydrolysis of the conjugated forms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Perles
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferreres
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: García-Viguera
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martínez-Sanz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil-Izquierdo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D028421:Isoprostanes / Q000652:urine*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D028421:Isoprostanes