title: Mesenchymal stem cell signaling in cancer progression.
abstract: Mesenchymal (multipotent) stem/stromal cells (MSCs) may affect cancer progression through a number of secreted factors triggering activation of various cell signaling pathways. Depending on receptor status, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) status, or Wnt activation in the cancer cells, the signals may either result in increased growth and metastasis or lead to inhibition of growth with increased cell death. Thus, MSCs can play a dual role in cancer progression depending on the cellular context wherein they reside. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway has a central role in regulating tumor growth, and several MSC secreted factors stimulate activation of this pathway. A comprehensive understanding of the signals regulating MSC-tumor cross-talk is highly important for the development of MSCs as potential therapeutic vehicles. Thus, the presented review focuses on factors released by MSCs and on the dual role they may have on various stages of tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. anja.torsvik@biomed.uib.no
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torsvik
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bjerkvig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D015398:Signal Transduction