title: Characteristics of psychopathology and the relationship between routes of drug administration and psychiatric symptoms in heroin addicts.
abstract: The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics of comorbid psychiatric symptoms and the relationship between different routes of drug administration and psychiatric symptoms. Five hundred and nine heroin addicts were studied in Drug Detoxification and Rehabilitation Centers in Yunnan and Heilongjiang provinces of China. The measure instrument, including demographic characteristics, history of drug abuse, and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale (Chinese version), was administered to eligible heroin addicts. Among the subjects, comorbid psychopathology conditions were more severe on all dimensions of SCL-90 comparing with normal adults and the average score of Depression was highest among the 9 dimensions in heroin addicts; psychiatric symptoms were more severe in heroin injecting group than in "chasing the dragon" group and only the difference in Obsessive-Compulsive was significant, but more significant differences were found between snorting heroin addicts and chasing or injecting heroin addicts, and the average score of each dimension of SCL-90 was higher in the snorting group than in the other 2 groups. The reasons of the results and meaning for the present study are discussed. In summary, comorbid psychiatric symptoms in the heroin addicts were very common and severe and their severity varied with different routes of drug administration, suggesting that routes of drug administration should be considered as an important risk factor to mental health of heroin addicts.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Liang
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhi-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002681:China; D015897:Comorbidity; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D005260:Female; D003932:Heroin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D003932:Heroin