title: Host stem cells repopulate liver allografts: reverse chimerism.
abstract: Liver transplant has become life-saving therapy for thousands of patients with end stage liver disease in the United States, but chronic rejection and the toxicities of immunosuppression remain significant obstacles to the further expansion of this modality and "transplant tolerance" remains a central goal in the field. So we and others are looking for alternative post-transplant strategies. We set out to 'engineer' repopulation after transplantation in a strain combination [dark agouti (DA) to Lewis green fluorescent protein+ (LEW GFP+)] which rejects liver grafts strongly, a model that more closely resembles the situation in humans. Our central finding is purposeful manipulation of the immune response with low dose immunosuppression and liberation of stem cells for a very short period after transplantation results in long-term transplant acceptance by two mechanisms: transforming the liver (donor) to self (host) phenotype, and auto-suppression of the specific allograft response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. zsun2@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Zhaoli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: George Melville
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D046528:Chimerism; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins