title: Multifocal multiphoton endoscope.
abstract: We report a miniaturized resonant/non-resonant multi-fiber raster scanner that is paired with a gradient-index lens assembly to achieve a compact and flexible multifocal multiphoton endoscope capable of longitudinal parallel image acquisition. Multiphoton images are obtained simultaneously at three axial depths, separated by ≥4.8  μm, by incorporating three axially offset double clad optical fibers into the miniaturized scanner. The fabricated endoscope has an outer diameter of 3 mm, a rigid length of 4 cm, and acquires images at 4 frames/s per focal plane, with lateral and axial resolutions for two-photon imaging of 0.8 and 10 μm, respectively.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. drr66@cornell.edu
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Dimitre G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ouzounov
authors.forename: Watt W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D017785:Photons; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio