title: Antitumor effects of hyperthermic CO2 pneumoperitoneum on human gastric cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the effects of hyperthermic CO2 pneumoperitoneum on human gastric AGS cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on a newly devised in vitro study model, we evaluated the anti-cancer effects of HT-CO2 (42-44 degrees C for 2-4h) on human gastric cancer cells, and also the corresponding mechanisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HT-CO2 (42-44 degrees C for 2-4h) severely inhibited cell proliferation as assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, while inducing apoptosis in a temperature- and time-dependent manner demonstrated by annexin-V/PI flow cytometry and morphological analysis (Hoechst/PI fluorescence). In addition, it was found that HT-CO2 (42-44 degrees C for 2-4h) promoted the up-regulation of Bax by western blotting. Significantly, it could also suppress gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis by in vitro invasion and motility assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, HT-CO2 had an efficacious cytotoxic effect on gastric cancer cells through Bax-induced mitochondrial apoptotic signaling. Our studies indicate that it may serve as a potential therapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer. Further investigations in vivo using animal models are now urgently needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Hou-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Hong-Chao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Min-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011027:Pneumoperitoneum / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D002245:Carbon Dioxide