title: Cytotoxicity and cell imaging potentials of submicron color-tunable yttria particles.
abstract: Increased demand of environment protection encouraged scientists to design products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. This work presents comprehensive result of large-scale fabrication and investigation of red-to-green tunable submicron spherical yttria particles codoped with low concentrations of Eu(+3) and Tb(+3). The color emission of synthesized particles can be precisely tuned from red to green by simple variation of Tb/Eu ratio and excitation wavelength. The Tb/Eu-codoped Y(2)O(3) particles did not adversely affect the viability of L-929 fibroblastic cells at concentrations less than 62.5 ppm. Through internalization and wide distribution inside the cells, Tb/Eu codoped Y(2)O(3) particles with intense bright green or red fluorescence rendered cell imaging to be possible. The high brightness, excellent stability, low-toxicity, and imaging capability along with fine color-tunability of synthesized particles enable to find promising application in various areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nanomaterials Engineering and BK 21 Nano Fusion Technology Division, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea.
authors.forename: Timur Sh
authors.initials: TSh
authors.lastname: Atabaev
authors.forename: Jong Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong-Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yoon-Hwae
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hyung-Kook
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D005063:Europium / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010316:Particle Size; D013725:Terbium / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D015019:Yttrium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D013725:Terbium; D005063:Europium; D015019:Yttrium; C091417:yttria