title: [Comparison of mannitol and hypertonic saline in treatment of intracranial hypertension of rabbits].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of mannitol and hypertonic saline (HS) in treatment of intracranial hypertension (ICH) of rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animal mode of ICH was established by perfusing artificial cerebrospinal fluids (aCSF) with controlled pressure into the cerebral ventricles of rabbits. The mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, tidal volume, perfusion rate of aCSF and water content of cerebrum were investigated in rabbits with ICH after a single bolus of 20% mannitol (5 ml/kg), 7.5% HS (2.2 ml/kg) or 23.4% HS (2.2 ml/kg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the intracranial pressure was elevated from 15 cmH₂O to 75 cmH₂O, the mean arterial pressure was increased and the tidal volume was decreased. After treatment by 20% mannitol, 7.5% HS or 23.4% HS, the increased percentage of mean arterial pressure and the decreased percentage of tidal volume were similar to the changes in control group. However, the perfusion rate of CSF was increased and water content of cerebrum was decreased after treatment by either 20% mannitol or 23.4% HS, but not by 7.5% HS. No different effects were found between 20% mannitol and 23.4% HS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the similar osmotic burden, 20% mannitol is more effective in treating ICH than 7.5% HS. With higher osmotic load, the efficacy of HS is enhanced, and 23.4% HS may be used as an alternative to mannitol in treatment of ICH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058,China.
authors.forename: Shu-qin
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ke-na
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hui-xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Ru-huan
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yue-min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D008353:Mannitol