title: Advances in shaking technologies.
abstract: Shaking bioreactors are the most frequently used reactor system for screening and process optimization on a small scale. Their success can be attributed to their simple and functional design, which make shaking systems suitable for a large number of cost-efficient parallel experiments. Recently reported findings for oxygen transfer, power input, out-of-phase operation, hydromechanical stress and mixing in shaken bioreactors are summarized in this article. Novel monitoring techniques for the control of culture conditions in shake flasks and microtiter plates are described. The methods for characterizing culture conditions and the novel online measurement techniques that are summarized in this article can be utilized to tap the full potential of shaking reactor systems.
authors.affiliation: AVT Biochemical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolf
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Klöckner
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Büchs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007313:Insecta; D008322:Mammals; D010100:Oxygen; D059828:Plant Cells
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen