title: In vitro and in vivo antagonism of a G protein-coupled receptor (S1P3) with a novel blocking monoclonal antibody.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  S1P(3) is a lipid-activated G protein-couple receptor (GPCR) that has been implicated in the pathological processes of a number of diseases, including sepsis and cancer. Currently, there are no available high-affinity, subtype-selective drug compounds that can block activation of S1P(3). We have developed a monoclonal antibody (7H9) that specifically recognizes S1P(3) and acts as a functional antagonist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specific binding of 7H9 was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry using cells that over-express individual members of the S1P receptor family. We show, in vitro, that 7H9 can inhibit the activation of S1P(3)-mediated cellular processes, including arrestin translocation, receptor internalization, adenylate cyclase inhibiton, and calcium mobilization. We also demonstrate that 7H9 blocks activation of S1P(3) in vivo, 1) by preventing lethality due to systemic inflammation, and 2) by altering the progression of breast tumor xenografts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have developed the first-reported monoclonal antibody that selectively recognizes a lipid-activated GPCR and blocks functional activity. In addition to serving as a lead drug compound for the treatment of sepsis and breast cancer, it also provides proof of concept for the generation of novel GPCR-specific therapeutic antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Expression Drug Designs, LLC, San Marcos, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Greg L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Creason
authors.forename: Greg B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Brulte
authors.forename: Deron R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Herr
mesh_terms: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019393:Arrestin / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015195:Drug Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019393:Arrestin; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid; C574440:SIP3 protein, human; D002118:Calcium