title: Anal canal neuroendocrine carcinoma associated with squamous intraepithelial neoplasia: a human papillomavirus 18-related lesion.
abstract: Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) of the anal canal is exceedingly rare and its histogenesis is poorly understood. We present a case of small-cell NEC of the anal canal in a 70-year-old woman. The NEC appeared as a submucosal tumor at the dentate line and was associated with squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (SIN). The NEC was positive for neuroendocrine markers including synaptophysin, chromogranin A and CD56, whereas the SIN component did not express any of these markers. Both components exhibited p16 overexpression. A PCR analysis revealed that both the SIN and NEC components were positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) 18 DNA. Our observations imply that SIN may be a precursor of anal canal NEC and that HPV18 may play an important role in the histogenesis of anal canal NEC, similar to its role in cervical NEC.
authors.affiliation: Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohtomo
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moriya
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kushima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary* / Q000821:virology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary* / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004279:DNA, Viral; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins