title: Suppression of feline coronavirus replication in vitro by cyclosporin A.
abstract: The feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) is a member of the feline coronavirus family that causes FIP, which is incurable and fatal in cats. Cyclosporin A (CsA), an immunosuppressive agent that targets the nuclear factor pathway of activated T-cells (NF-AT) to bind cellular cyclophilins (CyP), dose-dependently inhibited FIPV replication in vitro. FK506 (an immunosuppressor of the pathway that binds cellular FK506-binding protein (FKBP) but not CyP) did not affect FIPV replication. Neither cell growth nor viability changed in the presence of either CsA or FK506, and these factors did not affect the NF-AT pathway in fcwf-4 cells. Therefore, CsA does not seem to exert inhibitory effects via the NF-AT pathway. In conclusion, CsA inhibited FIPV replication in vitro and further studies are needed to verify the practical value of CsA as an anti-FIPV treatment in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Veterinary School, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyounan, Musashino, Tokyo, 180-8602, Japan. ytanaka@nvlu.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Satoka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D002415:Cats; D002460:Cell Line; D016765:Coronavirus, Feline / Q000502:physiology*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016766:Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Q000821:virology*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D016572:Cyclosporine; C050025:cyclosporin H; D016559:Tacrolimus