title: Effect of breed, age, weight and gender on radiographic renal size in the dog.
abstract: In the adult dog, kidney length has been reported as 2.98 ± 0.44 times the length of L2 on ventrodorsal views and 2.79 ± 0.46 times the length of L2 on lateral radiographs. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the suggested maximum normal left kidney size is too high, and to evaluate the effect of breed type, gender, weight and age of the dog on kidney size. Abdominal radiographs of 200 dogs with no evidence of concurrent disease that might have an effect on renal size were included in the study. The mean ratio of kidney length to the second lumbar vertebra length was similar to previous reports. For the right lateral view it measured 2.98 ± 0.60 and for the ventrodorsal view 3.02 ± 0.66. Significant differences of this ratio between skull type were present, especially between brachycephalic and dolichocephalic dogs. On the right lateral view brachycephalic dogs had the highest median LK/L2 ratio of 3.1 (3.20 ± 0.40), whereas for dolichocephalic dogs it was 2.8 (2.82 ± 0.50), and for mesaticephalic dogs it was 2.97 (3.01 ± 0.6). A ratio >3.5 was found only in mesaticephalic dogs on the ventrodorsal view. There was a significant difference in the LK/L2 ratio between small (≤10kg) and large breed dogs (>30kg) where small dogs had a significantly higher LK/L2 ratio. There was no statistically significant relation between this ratio and age or gender. The previously reported ratios for kidney size seem valid, but because skull type has an impact on the LK/L2 ratio, a single normal ratio should not be used for all dogs.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK. mon_vet76@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Monika Anna
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lobacz
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mellor
authors.forename: Gawain
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Labruyère
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dennis
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors