title: Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy of supported nanostructures.
abstract: Recent advances in low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) have provided new opportunities for the investigation of the local geometric, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of nanostructures. This review focuses on the presentation and discussion  of single molecules, supramolecular assemblies, and other nanostructures; all research results obtained in our laboratory. The emphasis is directed to the observation of new effects, where the properties of matter at the nanoscale differ from those at the mesoscopic or macroscopic scale: small  is different. This fact is illustrated for the conservation of chirality in a hierarchical supramolecular assembly of organic molecules and for local light emission from supported molecules. The latter indicates a possible route towards an optical spectroscopic analysis on the scale of single  molecules.
authors.affiliation: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Institut de Physique de la Matière Condensée CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. wolf-dieter.schneider@epfl.ch
authors.forename: Wolf-Dieter
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D016252:Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D037741:Fullerenes; D006046:Gold