title: Sleep-disordered breathing in children with craniosynostosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Syndromic craniosynostosis (SC) is associated with a high prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). However, it remains unclear whether non-syndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) is associated with an increased risk for SDB.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted at a tertiary referral pediatric medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective polysomnographic (PSG) evaluation was conducted of all children diagnosed with craniosynostosis over a 3-year period and who had not undergone previous PSG for SDB-related symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 14 children fulfilling inclusion criteria, 10 had NSC and 4 were diagnosed with SC (Crouzon syndrome). SDB was present in 50 % of the NSC and in 75 % of SC. No associations emerged between the number of sutures affected and the presence of SDB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SDB is highly prevalent not only in SC but also among asymptomatic children with NSC. The diagnosis of NSC should prompt a diagnostic PSG as a routine component of the clinical evaluation, and PSG findings may aid in the formulation of decisions regarding timing and need for surgical interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Muslim M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Alsaadi
authors.forename: Shaikh M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Essam A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Elgamal
authors.forename: Mustafa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Salih
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gozal
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*