title: The adaptive immune response in celiac disease.
abstract: Compared to other human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated diseases such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, fundamental aspects of the pathogenesis in celiac disease are relatively well understood. This is mostly because the causative antigen in celiac disease-cereal gluten proteins-is known and the culprit HLA molecules are well defined. This has facilitated the dissection of the disease-relevant CD4+ T cells interacting with the disease-associated HLA molecules. In addition, celiac disease has distinct antibody responses to gluten and the autoantigen transglutaminase 2, which give strong handles to understand all sides of the adaptive immune response leading to disease. Here we review recent developments in the understanding of the role of T cells, B cells, and antigen-presenting cells in the pathogenic immune response of this instructive disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, 0027, Oslo, Norway. s.w.qiao@medisin.uio.no
authors.forename: Shuo-Wang
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Rasmus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iversen
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ráki
authors.forename: Ludvig M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sollid
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005983:Glutens / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D005983:Glutens; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins