title: Tongue adiposity and strength in healthy older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify treatable risk factors for aspiration in older adults, particularly those associated with sarcopenia, we examined tongue composition. We hypothesized that isometric and swallowing posterior tongue strength would positively correlate with posterior tongue adiposity, and healthy older adults who aspirate would have greater tongue adiposity than healthy older adults who did not aspirate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 40 healthy adults, comprised of 20 aspirators (mean age, 78 years) and 20 nonaspirators (mean age, 81 years), as identified via flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. Measures of maximal isometric posterior tongue strength and posterior swallowing tongue strength were acquired via tongue manometry. An index of posterior tongue adiposity was acquired via computed tomography for a 1-cm region of interest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Posterior tongue adiposity was correlated with posterior tongue isometric (r = 0.32, P = .05) but not swallowing pressures (P > .05) as examined with separate partial correlation analyses. Tongue adiposity did not significantly differ as a function of age, gender, or aspiration status (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower posterior isometric tongue strength was associated with greater posterior tongue adiposity. However, aspiration in healthy older adults was not affected by posterior tongue adiposity. This finding offers insight into the roles of tongue composition and strength in healthy older adults.
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. sbutler@wakehealth.edu
authors.forename: Susan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Catherine Rees
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lintzenich
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: J Jeffrey
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kritchevsky
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014059:Tongue / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*