title: A survey on pulmonary pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility among cystic fibrosis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to investigate frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of pulmonary pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  129 pediatric patients with CF were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Microbiological cultures were performed based on sputum or pharyngeal swabs. Antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolated bacteria were determined by the disk diffusion method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main infecting pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (38.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.6%) and Staphyloccus areus (9.3%), respectively. The most active antibiotics included rifampin (91.7% susceptibility), vancomycin (85%) and imipenem (83.5%). Emerging resistance against aminoglycosides was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regarding in vitro susceptibility results, cyclic treatment of long-term oral azithromycin and inhaled tobramycin could prophylactically be applied, and during exacerbations, imipenem or ceftazidime in combination with an aminoglycoside such as amikacin could be considered the drugs of choice.
authors.affiliation: Department Pediatric Respiratory Diseases, CF Center, Mofid Children Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. khanbabaeegh@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ghamartaj
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khanbabaee
authors.forename: Majidreza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akbarizadeh
authors.forename: Aliakbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sayyari
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashayeri-Panah
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abdollahgorji
authors.forename: Kourosh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sheibani
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rezaeig
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010614:Pharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology*