title: Risk of non-melanoma cancers in first-degree relatives of CDKN2A mutation carriers.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to quantify the risk of cancers other than melanoma among family members of CDKN2A mutation carriers using data from the Genes, Environment and Melanoma study. Relative risks (RRs) of all non-melanoma cancers among first-degree relatives (FDRs) of melanoma patients with CDKN2A mutations (n = 65) and FDRs of melanoma patients without mutations (n = 3537) were calculated as the ratio of estimated event rates (number of cancers/total person-years) in FDRs of carriers vs noncarriers with exact Clopper-Pearson-type tests and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were two-sided. There were 56 (13.1%) non-melanoma cancers reported among 429 FDRs of mutation carriers and 2199 (9.4%) non-melanoma cancers in 23 452 FDRs of noncarriers. The FDRs of carriers had an increased risk of any cancer other than melanoma (56 cancers among 429 FDRs of carrier probands vs 2199 cancers among 23 452 FDRs of noncarrier probands; RR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2 to 2.0, P = .005), gastrointestinal cancer (20 cancers among 429 FDRs of carrier probands vs 506 cancers among 23 452 FDRs of noncarrier probands; RR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.4 to 3.7, P = .001), and pancreatic cancer (five cancers among 429 FDRs of carrier probands vs 41 cancers among 23 452 FDRs of noncarrier probands; RR = 7.4, 95% CI = 2.3 to 18.7, P = .002). Wilms tumor was reported in two FDRs of carrier probands and three FDRs of noncarrier probands (RR = 40.4, 95% CI = 3.4 to 352.7, P = .005). The lifetime risk of any cancer other than melanoma among CDKN2A mutation carriers was estimated as 59.0% by age 85 years (95% CI = 39.0% to 75.4%) by the kin-cohort method, under the standard assumptions of Mendelian genetics on the genotype distribution of FDRs conditional on proband genotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Bhramar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: John Oliver
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Delancey
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Raskin
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Everett
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeter
authors.forename: Colin B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Begg
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orlow
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berwick
authors.forename: Bruce K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kricker
authors.forename: Loraine D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Marrett
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Millikan
authors.forename: Hoda Anton
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Culver
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosso
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zanetti
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kanetsky
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: From
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Gruber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16