title: Synergistic action of both Aspergillus niger and Burkholderia cepacea in co-culture increases phosphate solubilization in growth medium.
abstract: Co-inoculation of the fungus Aspergillus niger and the bacterium Burkholderia cepacia was undertaken to understand the interaction between different species of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSM). PSM were inoculated in a single or mixed (A. niger-B. cepacia) culture. During 9 days of incubation, microbial biomass was enhanced, accompanied with increases in the levels of soluble phosphate and titratable acidity, as well as increased acid phosphatase activity. Production of acids and levels of phosphate solubilization were greater in the co-culture of A. niger-B. cepacia than in the single culture. The quantity of phosphate solubilized by the co-culture ranged from 40.51 ± 0.60 to 1103.64 ± 1.21 μg PO(4) 3- mL(-1) and was 9-22% higher than single cultures. pH of the medium dropped from 7.0 to 3.0 in the A. niger culture, 3.1 in the co-culture, and 4.2 in the B. cepacia culture. On the third day of postinoculation, acid production by the co-culture (mean 5.40 ± 0.31 mg NaOH mL(-1)) was 19-90% greater than single cultures. Glucose concentration decreased almost completely (97-99% of the starting concentration) by the ninth day of the incubation. These results show remarkable synergism by the co-culture in comparison with single cultures in the solubility of CaHPO(4) under in vitro conditions. This synergy between microorganisms can be used in poor available phosphate soils to enhance phosphate solubilization.
authors.affiliation: Program of Postgraduate in Soil Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Sciences/UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosângela Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Ely
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nahas
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019117:Burkholderia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003470:Culture Media; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D005947:Glucose