title: Predictors of cardiometabolic risk among adults with cerebral palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the independent association between various anthropometric indicators and standard clinical markers of cardiometabolic health risk among adults with cerebral palsy (CP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical center for CP treatment and rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults with CP (N=43) with a mean age ± SD of 37.3±13.2 years, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels of I-V.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults with CP were assessed for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), and serum lipid profiles. Data were analyzed with multiple regression analysis and general linear models, and are reported as means ± SDs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean BMI was 29.1±7.8kg/m(2). BMI was not associated with any measures of cardiometabolic risk. Using GMFCS categories (2 groups: GMFCS levels I-III and IV-V), BMI was significantly lower among GMFCS levels IV-V (24.2±6.2kg/m(2)) versus GMFCS levels I-III (30.1±7.6kg/m(2)). WC and WtHR were not correlated with any cardiometabolic outcomes. Conversely, measures of WHR were independently associated with various indices of risk, including total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio (r=.45; P<.05), HDL cholesterol (r=-.51; P<.01), and triglycerides (r=.40; P<.05), suggesting that greater WHR was indicative of elevated risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is likely that WHR represents a stronger predictor of risk, because this measure was robustly and independently associated with 3 primary clinical markers of cardiometabolic health in adults with CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Heidi J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Haapala
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hurvitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol