title: Congenital left ventricular wall abnormalities in adults detected by gated cardiac multidetector computed tomography: clefts, aneurysms, diverticula and terminology problems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to evaluate congenital left ventricular wall abnormalities (clefts, aneurysms and diverticula), describe and illustrate imaging features, discuss terminology problems and determine their prevalence detected by cardiac CT in a single center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coronary CT angiography images of 2093 adult patients were evaluated retrospectively in order to determine congenital left ventricular wall abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of left ventricular clefts (LVC) was 6.7% (141 patients) and statistically signiﬁcant difference was not detected between the sexes regarding LVC (P=0.5). LVCs were single in 65.2% and multiple in 34.8% of patients. They were located at the basal to mid inferoseptal segment of the left ventricle in 55.4%, the basal to mid anteroseptal segment in 24.1%, basal to mid inferior segment in 17% and septal-apical septal segment in 3.5% of cases. The cleft length ranged from 5 to 22 mm (mean 10.5 mm) and they had a narrow connection with the left ventricle (mean 2.5 mm). They were contractile with the left ventricle and obliterated during systole. Congenital left ventricular septal aneurysm that was located just under the aortic valve was detected in two patients (0.1%). No case of congenital left ventricular diverticulum was detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac CT allows us to recognize congenital left ventricular wall abnormalities which have been previously overlooked in adults. LVC is a congenital structural variant of the myocardium, is seen more frequently than previously reported and should be differentiated from aneurysm and diverticulum for possible catastrophic complications of the latter two.
authors.affiliation: Selcuk University, Selcuklu Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Alaeddin Keykubat Central Campus, Selcuklu, 42250 Konya, Turkey. drcengizerol@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Erol
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koplay
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olcay
authors.forename: Ali Sami
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kivrak
authors.forename: Seda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seker
authors.forename: Yahya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Paksoy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology