title: Effect of increasing trypsin concentrations on seminal coagulum dissolution and sperm parameters in spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi).
abstract: Seminal coagulum formation in spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi) interferes with the efficient recovery and evaluation of spermatozoa. The main objective was to assess the effect of increasing concentrations of trypsin on dissolution of seminal coagulum and spermatic parameters. Seminal coagulum was incubated at 37 °C without trypsin or in the presence of increasing trypsin concentrations (0.1%, 1.0%, and 5.0%). For each sample, coagulum dissolution time was measured, and sperm concentration, viability, motility, and morphology were evaluated using light microscopy and/or transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). Trypsin concentrations of 1.0% and 5.0% more rapidly liquefied seminal coagulum, averaging 32 and 21 min, respectively, compared with nontrypsinized controls, with maintenance of greater sperm viability (70.8% and 72.5%, respectively). Coagulum treated with 1.0% trypsin and the liquid ejaculate fraction averaged higher sperm motility (40.1% and 55.6%, respectively) than control samples, and both 1.0% and 5.0% trypsin treatment allowed recovery of increased numbers of motile spermatozoa. There was greater sperm fragmentation at the head and midpiece level after treatment with 1.0% and 5.0% trypsin (55.8% and 55.9%); however, the percentage of normal morphology in structurally intact spermatozoa did not differ relative to controls. With transmission electronic microscopy imaging, there were similar percentages of spermatozoa with plasma membrane swelling in the midpiece and acrosomal regions in trypsin-treated samples and controls. In conclusion, trypsin treatment of spider monkey seminal coagulum exerted a concentration-dependent effect on dissolution time and various spermatic parameters. Higher trypsin concentrations caused more rapid liquefaction of coagulum and recovery of greater numbers of motile spermatozoa, but may adversely affect fragmentation of spermatozoa and could compromise sperm function and cryopreservation potential.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Espinosa de los Reyes, México City, México.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flores-Herrera
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Acuña-Hernández
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rivera-Rebolledo
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: González-Jiménez
authors.forename: A Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Rodas-Martínez
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Swanson
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D053819:Atelinae; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002470:Cell Survival; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D013076:Sperm Count; D032961:Sperm Midpiece / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014357:Trypsin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014357:Trypsin