title: Effectiveness of enrofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally-induced bovine anaplasmosis.
abstract: Four groups of six Holstein calves were inoculated with 3.6 × 10(7) erythrocytes parasitized with Anaplasma marginale. The criteria for treatment of calves were increasing A. marginale rickettsemia and 30% reduction of baseline packed cell volume (PCV) of each animal. Group 1 (G1) received 7.5 mg.kg(-1) of enrofloxacin in a single dose; Group 2 (G2) 7.5 mg.kg(-1) of enrofloxacin twice every three days; Group 3 (G3) 20 mg.kg(-1) of long-acting oxytetracycline in a single dose; and Group 4 (G4) a single dose of PBS. Physical examinations, blood smears and PCV were performed daily. On day treatment, G1, G2 and G3 animals had a mean rickettsemia of 17, 23 and 12%, respectively. At 2 days after treatment (DAT) G1 and G2 animals showed a significant reduction of rickettsemia (p < 0.05) compared to G3. G3 animals had high rates of rickettsemia in the first 2 DAT and a slow decrease until stabilization on 9 DAT. The mean PCV in G1 and G2 increased and stabilized after 7 and 8 DAT, respectively. PCV stabilization was achieved in G3 at 13 DAT. Both enrofloxacin and oxytetracycline were effective for the treatment of anaplasmosis, but enrofloxacin was faster reduction of rickettsemia and PCV recuperation (p < 0.05) compared to oxytetracycline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, Veterinary School of Minas Gerais, Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elias Jorge
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Facury-Filho
authors.forename: Antônio Último
authors.initials: AÚ
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Paulo Marcos
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Marcelo Fonseca
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: Bethania Campos
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Apolinário
authors.forename: Leandro de Paula Henrique
authors.initials: Lde P
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Múcio Flávio Barbosa
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D000712:Anaplasmosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D032761:Animal Experimentation; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin