title: Intracellular logistics of BST-2/tetherin.
abstract: Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 (BST-2) is a type II membrane protein with two targeting signals, one of which is located in the cytoplasmic domain and contains a non-canonical dual tyrosine-based motif responsible for its endocytosis from the plasma membrane, and the other is a C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor that facilitates its association with detergent-resistant membranes/lipid rafts and targeting to the apical domain in polarized epithelial cells. Due to its unusual topology at the membrane, BST-2 takes unique and complicated trafficking routes in cells. Recently, a physiological role for BST-2 as the "tetherin" molecule for viruses, especially for HIV-1, has been extensively examined. These studies have shown that the biosynthesis, intracellular trafficking, localization, and structure of human BST-2 are closely related to its antiviral activity. This review provides an overview of the intracellular logistics of human BST-2.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D006224:Cricetinae; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004705:Endocytosis; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D021381:Protein Transport; D051381:Rats; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C094572:BST2 protein, human; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2; C513868:BST2 protein, mouse; C511596:Bst2 protein, rat; C514859:vpu protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins