title: Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia and testosterone levels in boys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This cross-sectional study investigates the effect of antipsychotic (AP)-induced hyperprolactinemia on testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), inhibin B, and puberty in boys with mainly autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and four physically healthy 10- to 19-year-old boys with ASD or disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) were recruited between October 2006 and November 2009. Fifty-six adolescents had been treated with AP for >16 months; 48 had never been exposed to AP. Morning non-fasting levels of serum prolactin, testosterone, LH, FSH and inhibin B were obtained and Tanner pubertal stage was determined. Patients with hyperprolactinemia (n = 28) were compared to those without hyperprolactinemia (n = 76) using non-parametric or parametric tests, as appropriate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with AP-induced hyperprolactinemia had significantly lower testosterone levels with adjustment for age (p = 0.035) compared to patients without hyperprolactinemia and without AP treatment. The difference was not significant within the AP-treated group, and the level of testosterone was within the reference range compared to age- and gender-matched normative data. There was no between-group difference for LH, FSH, inhibin B or Tanner stages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AP-induced hyperprolactinemia is related to significantly lower testosterone levels in pubertal boys with ASD and DBD.
authors.affiliation: GGz Central Psychiatric Centre, Amersfoort, The Netherlands. y.roke@ggzcentraal.nl
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Roke
authors.forename: Peter N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: van Harten
authors.forename: Jan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Buitelaar
authors.forename: Diederik E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Tenback
authors.forename: Yolanda B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: de Rijke
authors.forename: Annemieke M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Boot
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D043373:Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects; D011628:Puberty, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D043373:Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human; C422364:inhibin B; D013739:Testosterone; D007265:Inhibins; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone