title: Protective effect of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on L-arginine-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage in rat kidney.
abstract: L-Arginine (ARG), an essential amino acid, is the endogenous source of the deleterious nitric oxide. Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched fish oil (FO) has been shown to reduce the severity of certain types of cancers, cardiovascular disease, and renal disease. Present study examined whether feeding of FO/flaxseed oil (FXO) would have protective effect against ARG-induced nephrotoxicity. ARG-induced nephrotoxicity was recorded by increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. ARG significantly altered the activities of metabolic and brush border membrane (BBM) enzymes. ARG caused significant imbalances in the antioxidant system. These alterations were associated with increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and altered antioxidant enzyme activities. Feeding of FO and FXO with ARG ameliorated the changes in various parameters caused by ARG. Nephrotoxicity parameters lowered and enzyme activities of carbohydrate metabolism, BBM and inorganic phosphate (32Pi) transport were improved to near control values. ARG-induced LPO declined and antioxidant defense mechanism was strengthened by both FO and FXO alike. The results of the present study suggest that ω-3 PUFA-enriched FO and FXO from seafoods and plant sources, respectively, are similarly effective in reducing ARG-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative damage. Thus, vegetarians who cannot consume FO can have similar health benefits from plant-derived ω-3 PUFA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. wasimthesis@gmail.com
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Priyamvada
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naqshbandi
authors.forename: A N K
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Yusufi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001120:Arginine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D019610:Cytoprotection; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004798:Enzymes / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008871:Microvilli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D004798:Enzymes; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D010710:Phosphates; D008043:Linseed Oil; D001120:Arginine; D003404:Creatinine