title: The chalcone derivative Chana 1 protects against amyloid β peptide-induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease to cause dementia in the elderly. Amyloid β (Aβ)-peptide induced oxidative stress causes the initiation and progression of AD. Recently, new chalcone derivatives termed the Chana series were synthesized. Among them, Chana 1 showed high free radical scavenging activity (72.5%), as measured by a DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. In this study, we investigated the effect of Chana 1 against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and cognitive deficits. Additionally, we sought to estimate the lethal dose, 50% (LD50) of Chana 1 in mice using an acute oral toxicity test. We found that Chana 1 significantly protected against Aβ-induced neuronal cell death in PC12 cells. Oral administration of Chana 1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight/day significantly improved Aβ-induced learning and memory impairment in mice, as measured in Y-maze and passive avoidance tests. In acute toxicity tests, the LD50 in mice was determined to be 520.44 mg/kg body weight. The data are valuable for future studies and suggest that Chana 1 has therapeutic potential for the management of neurodegenerative disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The University of Suwon,                     Hwaseong, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jieun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Mi-Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Chul
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyo-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Woojin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Hyun-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yoo-Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ho-Geun
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002599:Chalcone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D047188:Chalcones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010091:Oximes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D016716:PC12 Cells; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D047188:Chalcones; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010091:Oximes; D002599:Chalcone