title: Human endometrial cell coculture reduces the endocrine disruptor toxicity on mouse embryo development.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies suggested that endocrine disruptors (ED) are toxic on preimplantation embryos and inhibit development of embryos in vitro culture. However, information about the toxicity of endocrine disruptors on preimplantation development of embryo in human reproductive environment is lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bisphenol A (BPA) and Aroclor 1254 (polychlorinated biphenyls) were used as endocrine disruptors in this study. Mouse 2-cell embryos were cultured in medium alone or vehicle or co-cultured with human endometrial epithelial layers in increasing ED concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 72 hours the percentage of normal blastocyst were decreased by ED in a dose-dependent manner while the co-culture system significantly enhanced the rate and reduced the toxicity of endocrine disruptors on the embryonic development in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, although EDs have the toxic effect on embryo development, the co-culture with human endometrial cell reduced the preimplantation embryo from it thereby making human reproductive environment protective to preimplantation embryo from the toxicity of endocrine disruptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, 330-090, South Korea. songmic@sch.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Myeong-Seop
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Sang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hae-Hyeog
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ho-Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Song