title: Effects of the implantation of Ommaya reservoir in children with tuberculous meningitis hydrocephalus: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of Ommaya reservoir implantation in children with tuberculous meningitis hydrocephalus (TBMH) has been seldomly reported. Therefore, we performed this study to determine the role of the Ommaya reservoir in the treatment of children with TBMH.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed the effects of Ommaya reservoir implantation in 12 children with TBMH. Intracapsular puncture of the reservoir was performed for draining the cerebrospinal fluid and the TBM was treated by intraventricular injection of isoniazid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ideal treatment outcome was observed in nine (75 %) of the 12 children; two (16.7 %) children developed serious disabilities and one of them (8.3 %) eventually died. The treatment method was effective for all six (100 %) children with Palur grade II TBM but showed no effect in three (50 %) children with grade III and IV TBM. The number of leukocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid decreased to 20 × 10(6)/L (75 %) within 2 weeks after implantation of the reservoirs. Finally, the Ommaya reservoirs in eight children were removed but were retained in four children. Four children had to undergo ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ommaya reservoir implantation has been shown to be effective in treating children with TBMH. This method may be largely suitable for children with early grade II TBM or partly in children with grade III TBM who have mild or moderate hydrocephalus that can alleviate after short-term treatment. Thus, a good proportion of children who undergo Ommaya reservoir implantation can avoid ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical Collage, Wenzhou, China, 325027.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Nu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Hang-Song
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sheng
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014390:Tuberculosis, Meningeal / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents