title: The effect of a novel tobacco process on the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cigarette smoke particulate matter.
abstract: Some of the toxic effects of smoking have been attributed to the combustion of nitrogenous protein in tobacco. The effects of a treatment which reduces tobacco's protein nitrogen level, on the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cigarette smoke particulate matter (PM), were measured. PMs were tested in the Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) test; the Salmonella mutagenicity assay (SAL); the mouse lymphoma mammalian cell mutation assay (MLA) and the in vitro micronucleus test (IVMNT). PMs from all of the cigarettes were cytotoxic and genotoxic. PM obtained from smoking treated tobacco, showed a small, consistent and statistically significant reduced mutagenicity (revertants/μg) in TA98 with post-mitochondrial supernatant (S9). No consistent quantitative or qualitative differences were detected in the other tests. The data are discussed in relation to published information on smoke chemistry obtained from cigarettes made of tobacco treated using this technique. The observations confirm that the method did not give rise to any new qualitative or quantitative cytotoxic or genotoxic effects, and may have reduced PM's bacterial mutagenicity in TA98 with S9. Further toxicity testing is warranted, to investigate the effects of the tobacco treatment in more detail and add to the data already obtained.
authors.affiliation: British American Tobacco, Group Research and Development, Regents Park Road, Southampton SO15 8TL, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Combes
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dillon
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meredith
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McAdam
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Proctor
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009499:Neutral Red / Q000378:metabolism; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D009499:Neutral Red