title: Iron, zinc, copper and magnesium nutritional status in Mexican children aged 1 to 11 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the micronutrient nutritional status of a national sample of 1-11 year old Mexican children surveyed in 2006 in National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT 2006) and their association with dietary and sociodemographic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples were used (n=5 060) to measure the concentrations of ferritin, transferrin receptor, zinc, copper and magnesium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of deficiencies in 1-4 and 5-11y old children were for iron (using low ferritin) 26.0 and 13.0%; zinc, 28.1 and 25.8%, respectively; and copper, ≈30% in both age groups. Magnesium low serum concentrations (MLSC), were found in 12.0% and 28.4% of the children, respectively. Being beneficiary of Liconsa (OR=0.32; C.I.95%, 0.17-0.61) or belonging to higher socioeconomic status (OR=0.63; C.I.95%, 0.41-0.97) were protective against iron deficiency. Increasing age (OR=0.59; C.I.95%, 1.19-1.32) and living in the Central Region (OR=0.59; C.I.95%, 0.36-0.97) were protective against MLSC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deficiencies of iron and zinc are serious public health problems in Mexican children.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Ma del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Morales-Ruán
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villalpando
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Guerra
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shamah-Levy
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robledo-Pérez
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Avila-Arcos
authors.forename: Juan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rivera
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood*; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000097:blood*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D015995:Prevalence; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc