title: Verbal communication for the ventilator-dependent patient requiring an inflated tracheotomy tube cuff: A prospective, multicenter study on the Blom tracheotomy tube with speech inner cannula.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to present our findings on the impact of the Blom tracheotomy tube with speech inner cannula on voice production abilities and speech intelligibility scores of ventilator-dependent patients requiring a fully inflated tracheotomy tube cuff.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective single group case-series design permitted consecutive accrual of 23 adult inpatients from acute care and rehabilitation settings. Maximum ambient room noise, voice intensity, phonation duration of vowel /a/, and speech intelligibility scores were determined over 3 sessions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All participants achieved audible voicing with the Blom tracheotomy tube. Voice intensity was significantly greater than ambient room noise by >10 dB SPL (p = .003). Speech intelligibility scores improved significantly from 80% to 85% (p = .03). Phonation duration averaged from 3.30 to 3.45 seconds. There were no significant changes in oxygen saturation (p > .05), and no significant complications occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Blom tracheotomy tube with speech inner cannula permitted individuals requiring mechanical ventilation with a fully inflated tracheotomy tube cuff to produce excellent speech intelligibility for verbal communication. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. steven.leder@yale.edu
authors.forename: Steven B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Leder
authors.forename: Barbara R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Pauloski
authors.forename: Alfred W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Rademaker
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grammer
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dikeman
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kazandjian
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: Jeri A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Logemann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D057785:Catheters; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013065:Speech Intelligibility; D014140:Tracheotomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult