title: Tailored complex 3D vortex lattice structures by perturbed multiples of three-plane waves.
abstract: As three-plane waves are the minimum number required for the formation of vortex-embedded lattice structures by plane wave interference, we present our experimental investigation on the formation of complex 3D photonic vortex lattice structures by a designed superposition of multiples of phase-engineered three-plane waves. The unfolding of the generated complex photonic lattice structures with higher order helical phase is realized by perturbing the superposition of a relatively phase-encoded, axially equidistant multiple of three noncoplanar plane waves. Through a programmable spatial light modulator assisted single step fabrication approach, the unfolded 3D vortex lattice structures are experimentally realized, well matched to our computer simulations. The formation of higher order intertwined helices embedded in these 3D spiraling vortex lattice structures by the superposition of the multiples of phase-engineered three-plane waves interference is also studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India. jolly.xavierp@physics.iitd.ac.in
authors.forename: Jolly
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vyas
authors.forename: Paramasivam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Senthilkumaran
authors.forename: Joby
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joseph