title: Direct measurement of the Fermi energy in graphene using a double-layer heterostructure.
abstract: We describe a technique which allows a direct measurement of the relative Fermi energy in an electron system by employing a double-layer heterostructure. We illustrate this method by using a graphene double layer to probe the Fermi energy as a function of carrier density in monolayer graphene, at zero and in high magnetic fields. This technique allows us to determine the Fermi velocity, Landau level spacing, and Landau level broadening. We find that the N=0 Landau level broadening is larger by comparison to the broadening of upper and lower Landau levels.
authors.affiliation: Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, USA.
authors.forename: Seyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Insun
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Dillen
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fallahazad
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tutuc