title: Cognitive and structural magnetic resonance imaging features of Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess medial temporal atrophy (MTA) and atrophy adjacent to the third ventricle (Peri-IIIVent) on brain magnetic resonance images as biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD), and to assess the relationship between biomarkers and clinical and functional measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects diagnosed with no cognitive impairment (n = 30), AD (n = 30), or LBD (n = 31) were evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination, Multiple Delayed Recall Test, Category Fluency Test, Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes score, Functional Assessment Questionnaire, and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. A validated visual rating system was used to rate MTA, and volumetric studies were performed to measure total intracranial and hippocampal volumes. Additionally, linear measurements of third ventricle width, Peri-IIIVent height, and Peri-IIIVent width were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with AD and those with LBD were equivalent with respect to age and levels of cognitive impairment. Atrophy in medial temporal and Peri-IIIVent regions was greater among both patients with AD and those with LBD compared with subjects with no cognitive impairment. The best discriminators of AD from LBD were the severity of MTA, using visual rating, and the severity of memory impairment. Only subjects with LBD showed significant correlations between Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores and Peri-IIIVent atrophy measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mild AD could be distinguished from mild LBD by the severity of MTA and memory impairment. The severity of parkinsonism was associated with the severity of atrophy in the third ventricular region, but was not a good discriminator between AD and LBD.
authors.affiliation: Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Miriam Jocelyn
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greig-Custo
authors.forename: Joscelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Agron
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loewenstein
authors.forename: Ranjan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Duara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D020961:Lewy Body Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic