title: Canine malignant mammary gland neoplasms with advanced clinical staging treated with carboplatin and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
abstract: Surgery remains the treatment of choice for female dogs with mammary gland tumors. Chemotherapy is not commonly used as an adjuvant therapy. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) has been related to angiogenesis development in tumors, disease progression and worse prognosis. The aim of this prospective study was to compare overall survival periods of female dogs diagnosed with advanced mammary tumors submitted to different treatment protocols, including surgery, chemotherapy and cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Twenty-nine female dogs were evaluated and treated with four different protocols. The overall survival of patients with low COX-2 scores was longer when compared to patients with high COX-2 scores. Different proposed adjuvant treatments associated with surgery led to a statistically significant longer overall survival when compared to surgical treatment alone. Canine patients presenting malignant mammary gland neoplasms with advanced clinical staging should be submitted to complementary therapeutic medication based on clinical staging and immunophenotypical characteristics of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gleidice Eunice
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Lavalle
authors.forename: Cecília Bonolo
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: De Campos
authors.forename: Angélica Cavalheiro
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bertagnolli
authors.forename: Geovanni Dantas
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Cassali
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D013450:Sulfones; D010894:Piroxicam; D016190:Carboplatin; D015107:4-Butyrolactone; C487384:firocoxib