title: Reshaping of global gene expression networks and sex-biased gene expression by integration of a young gene.
abstract: New genes originate frequently across diverse taxa. Given that genetic networks are typically comprised of robust, co-evolved interactions, the emergence of new genes raises an intriguing question: how do new genes interact with pre-existing genes? Here, we show that a recently originated gene rapidly evolved new gene networks and impacted sex-biased gene expression in Drosophila. This 4-6 million-year-old factor, named Zeus for its role in male fecundity, originated through retroposition of a highly conserved housekeeping gene, Caf40. Zeus acquired male reproductive organ expression patterns and phenotypes. Comparative expression profiling of mutants and closely related species revealed that Zeus has recruited a new set of downstream genes, and shaped the evolution of gene expression in germline. Comparative ChIP-chip revealed that the genomic binding profile of Zeus diverged rapidly from Caf40. These data demonstrate, for the first time, how a new gene quickly evolved novel networks governing essential biological processes at the genomic level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Sidi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaochun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Benjamin H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Krinsky
authors.forename: Yong E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Maria D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Vibranovski
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Manyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005298:Fertility; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks