title: Differences in loosely bound fluoride formation and anticaries effect of resin-based fluoride varnishes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE.  Our in vitro study evaluated calcium fluoride formation in enamel and the anticaries effect of seven resin-based varnishes under cariogenic challenge. METHODS.  Enamel blocks were subjected to pH cycling. The experimental groups received fluoride varnish application, the positive control received topical fluoride gel treatment, and the negative control did not receive any treatment. The pH cycling surface hardness (SH1 ) and integrated loss of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN) were then determined. We measured the amount of fluoride released into the demineralizing and remineralizing (DE-RE) solutions used in pH cycling. The fluoride concentration in the enamel was determined 24 h after application of the products as loosely bound fluoride and firmly bound fluoride. RESULTS.  Higher deposits of loosely bound fluoride were observed for Duofluorid, followed by Biophat. For Duraphat, Bifluorid, Duraflur, and Duofluorid, no difference was observed in the SH1 and ΔKHN values, with the lowest mineral loss compared to the other groups. The Bifluorid and Duofluorid groups released high fluoride amounts into the DE-RE, and statistically significant difference was noted between them. CONCLUSIONS.  The anticaries effect showed no correlation with higher deposited fluoride amounts, resin type, or fluoride source.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry at Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul University, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jorge R S
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: Italo M Faraco
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Junior
authors.forename: Carolina S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lodi
authors.forename: Alberto C B
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Delbem
mesh_terms: D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002124:Calcium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000737:chemistry*; D006244:Hardness; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D011897:Random Allocation; D012117:Resins, Synthetic / Q000737:chemistry; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: C094502:Bifluorid 12; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; C526357:Duofluorid-F; C120870:Duraflor; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D002124:Calcium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides