title: Drug use in college students: a 13-year trend.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze drug use trends among college students in 1996, 2001 and 2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional epidemiological study with a multistage stratified cluster sample with 9,974 college students was conducted in the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on drug use assessed in lifetime, the preceding 12 months and the preceding 30 days. The Bonferroni correction was used for multiple comparisons of drug use rates between surveys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were changes in the lifetime use of tobacco and some other drugs (hallucinogens [6.1% to 8.8%], amphetamines [4.6% to 8.7%], and tranquilizers [5.7% to 8.2%]) from 1996 to 2009. Differences in the use of other drugs over the 12 months preceding the survey were also seen: reduced use of inhalants [9.0% to 4.8%] and increased use of amphetamines [2.4% to 4.8%]. There was a reduction in alcohol [72.9% to 62.1%], tobacco [21.3% to 17.2%] and marijuana [15.0% to 11.5%] use and an increase in amphetamine use [1.9% to 3.3%] in the preceeding 30 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over the 13-year study period, there was an increase in lifetime use of tobacco, hallucinogens, amphetamines, and tranquilizers. There was an increase in amphetamine use and a reduction in alcohol use during the preceding 12 months. There was an increase in amphetamine use during the preceding 30 days.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. gabrielaaw@usp.br
authors.forename: Gabriela Arantes
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Lúcio Garcia de
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Lucia Pereira
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Barroso
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Luciana Morita
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Vladimir de Andrade
authors.initials: Vde A
authors.lastname: Stempliuk
authors.forename: Paulina do Carmo Arruda Vieira
authors.initials: Pdo C
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Arthur Guerra de
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Andrade
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006213:Hallucinogens; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014149:Tranquilizing Agents
chemical_list: D006213:Hallucinogens; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D014149:Tranquilizing Agents