title: Montmorillonite/poly-(ε-caprolactone) composites as versatile layered material: reservoirs for anticancer drug and controlled release property.
abstract: This work evaluates intercalation of tamoxifen (Tmx) in interlayer gallery of Na(+)-MMT (Montmorillonite, MMT) (Tmx-MMT), which is further compounded with poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) (Tmx-MMT/PCL, MPs), for oral chemotherapy of breast cancer. The X-ray diffraction patterns, thermal and spectroscopic analyses indicated the intercalation of Tmx into the MMT interlayer that stabilized in the longitudinal monolayer mode by electrostatic interaction. No significant change in structural and functional properties of Tmx was found in the MMT layers. In vitro study of drug release profiles showed controlled release pattern. The genotoxic effect of drug was in vitro evaluated in human lymphocyte cell culture by comet assay, and results indicated moderate reduction in DNA damage when pristine Tmx was intercalated with MMT and formulated in composites. The Tmx-MMT hybrid efficacy was also confirmed on HeLa and A549 cancer cells by in vitro cell viability assay. In vivo pharmacokinetics (PK) of formulated Tmx in rats was examined and the results showed that plasma Tmx levels were within therapeutic window as compared to pristine Tmx. Therefore, Tmx-MMT hybrid and microcomposite particles (MPs) can be of considerable value in chemotherapy of malignant neoplastic disease with reduced side effects. This study clearly indicated that MMT not only plays a role as a delivery matrix for drug, but also facilitates significant increase in the delivery proficiency.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364021, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Bhavesh D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Kevadiya
authors.forename: Rahul P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Thumbar
authors.forename: Mahendrapalsingh M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rajput
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajkumar
authors.forename: Harshad
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brambhatt
authors.forename: Ghanshyam V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Ganga P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Dangi
authors.forename: Haresh M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Mody
authors.forename: Pankaj K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Gadhia
authors.forename: Hari C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Bajaj
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001546:Bentonite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D011091:Polyesters / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012964:Sodium / Q000737:chemistry; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011091:Polyesters; D013629:Tamoxifen; D001546:Bentonite; C016240:polycaprolactone; D012964:Sodium