title: Human adipose stem cells maintain proliferative, synthetic and multipotential properties when suspension cultured as self-assembling spheroids.
abstract: Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) have been gaining recognition as an extremely versatile cell source for tissue engineering. The usefulness of ASCs in biofabrication is further enhanced by our demonstration of the unique properties of these cells when they are cultured as three-dimensional cellular aggregates or spheroids. As described herein, three-dimensional formulations, or self-assembling ASC spheroids develop their own extracellular matrix that serves to increase the robustness of the cells to mechanical stresses. The composition of the extracellular matrix can be altered based on the external environment of the spheroids and these constructs can be grown in a reproducible manner and to a consistent size. The spheroid formulation helps preserve the viability and developmental plasticity of ASCs even under defined, serum-free media conditions. For the first time, we show that multiple generations of adherent ASCs produced from these spheroids retain their ability to differentiate into multiple cell/tissue types. These demonstrated properties support the idea that culture-expanded ASCs are an excellent candidate cellular material for 'organ printing'-the approach of developing complex tissue structures from a standardized cell 'ink' or cell formulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, G5/361 Clinical Science Center, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kapur
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khurgel
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D020219:Chondrogenesis; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular / Q000166:cytology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D003094:Collagen; D001205:Ascorbic Acid