title: Does 3D Ultrasound Enhance the Diagnosis of Bladder Tumours in Patients with Haematuria?
abstract: Purpose. Bladder cancer is a frequent cause of haematuria in elderly patients, and bladder ultrasound (US) is a valuable tool in diagnosing these malignancies. We examined the accuracy of 3D bladder US in diagnosing bladder tumors in patients with haematuria. Patients and Methods. Twenty-one patients observed in the emergency department for haematuria underwent a kidney and bladder US. Patients with normal or uncertain bladder US findings underwent a 3D US and a cystoscopy. Results. In 5 (23.8%) patients, the 3D US detected bladder tumours not seen in 2D US. All these patients were found to have bladder tumours on cystoscopy. Another 5 (23.8%) patients with uncertain findings on 2D US had normal 3D US and cystoscopy. 3D US showed a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 100% with a positive predicted value and negative predictive values of 100% and 93.8%, respectively. Conclusion. 3D US was more sensitive than 2D US in diagnosing bladder tumours in patients with haematuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hospital Geral de Santo António, CHP, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva-Ramos
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Louro
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Versos
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cavadas
authors.forename: Filinto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marcelo