title: Reviewing urinary complications of epidural analgesia in children with orthopaedic conditions.
abstract: Two audits in the same hospital, one retrospective and the other prospective, are compared in this article to establish the frequency of urinary retention among children with orthopaedic conditions for whom the main post-operative analgesic treatment was epidural. The effects of the position and type of epidural administration, number of reported urinary infections associated with an indwelling urinary catheter, a hip spica cast and/or toilet training were evaluated.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust. elizabeth.wright@uhs.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008485:Medical Audit; D009985:Orthopedics; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D006113:United Kingdom; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics