title: Prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance among newly diagnosed antiretroviral therapy-naive pregnant women in Lilongwe and Blantyre, Malawi.
abstract: In 2006, a survey of transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance (TDR) was conducted in Lilongwe, Malawi. The survey followed the World Health Organization method to classify TDR to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and protease inhibitors (PIs) among primigravid women aged <25 years. Results of the 2006 survey showed <5% TDR in all drug classes. In 2009, TDR surveys using the same method were repeated in Lilongwe and expanded to Blantyre. Findings show that in Lilongwe TDR to NRTIs and PIs was <5%, whereas TDR to NNRTIs was 5%-15%. In Blantyre, TDR was <5% to all drug classes. Observed moderate TDR in Lilongwe is cause for concern and signals the need for closer monitoring of Malawi's antiretroviral therapy program.
authors.affiliation: Community Health Sciences Unit, Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi. nelliewadonda@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Nellie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wadonda-Kabondo
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Banda
authors.forename: Kundai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moyo
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: M'bang'ombe
authors.forename: Mabvuto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiwaula
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jordan
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D060005:Genotyping Techniques; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008295:Malawi / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents