title: Bone mineral density in adult patients treated with various antiepileptic drugs.
abstract: There is considerable evidence suggesting, that older antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and some of the newer ones decrease bone mineral density (BMD). However, there is only limited and conflicting data concerning the effect of levetiracetam on BMD. In this cross-sectional study we analysed data from 168 adult consecutive outpatients treated with AEDs for more than 2 years, and who underwent measurement of the BMD. We compared the incidence of decreased BMD among the patients treated with 6 different AEDs: carbamazepine (CBZ), oxcarbazepine (OXC), valproic acid (VPA), lamotrigine (LTG), topiramate (TPM) and levetiracetam (LEV). Among the patients on monotherapy, reduced BMD was present significantly most often in patients treated with LEV and those treated with OXC. In the group of patients on polytherapy there was no significant difference in the incidence of low BMD among patients treated with various AEDs. Our data suggest that patients on long-term treatment with LEV have a higher risk for affection of bone density.
authors.affiliation: Epilepsy Clinic, Department of Neurology, Glostrup University Hospital, Nordre Ringvej 57, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark.
authors.forename: Simona Alexandra
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Beniczky
authors.forename: Janina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viken
authors.forename: Lars Thorbjørn
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Noémi Becser
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine; D010889:Piracetam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000077236:Topiramate; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014227:Triazines; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose; D002220:Carbamazepine; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D014635:Valproic Acid; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine; D010889:Piracetam