title: Influence of pulpotomy medicaments on the ultrastructure and shear bond strength of a self-etch adhesive to primary tooth dentin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of the pulpotomy medicaments glutaraldehyde, ferric sulfate, and formocresol on the structure and shear bond strength of a self-etch adhesive to the dentin of primary teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty human primary molars were sectioned mesiodistally and divided into four groups: group I (control group), dentin specimens were soaked in distilled water for 48 hours; group II, dentin specimens were soaked in 2% glutaraldehyde; group III, dentin specimens were soaked in formocresol; and group IV, dentin specimens were soaked in 15.5% ferric sulfate. All specimens were rinsed with tap water and dried with air. AdheSE One (a self-etch adhesive) and Valux Plus composite resin were applied to the dentin surfaces. The molecular structure of the adhesive itself and adhesive with composite resin were tested using an FTIR spectrometer. Shear bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine. Failure modes analyses were performed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glutaraldehyde showed little changes in the molecular structure of the adhesive itself and adhesive with composite. However, ferric sulfate and formocresol affected the molecular structure of the adhesive alone and the adhesive with composite. The highest mean value of shear bond strength was for the glutaraldehyde group (11.17 ± 4.87 MPa). Ferric sulfate and formocresol significantly reduced shear bond strength after the application of pulpotomy medicaments (7.45 ± 3.73 and 5.31 ± 3.30 MPa, respectively). SEM analysis revealed that most of the specimens failed in cohesive and mixed modes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed that formocresol and ferric sulfate adversely affect the shear bond strength and molecular structure of the adhesive system to primary dentin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: Hanaa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shalan
authors.forename: Salwa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Awad
authors.forename: Abeer Abd-El Sallam
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El-Fallal
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005566:Formocresols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000032:analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011672:Pulpotomy / Q000379:methods*; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C489662:AdheSE cement; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005566:Formocresols; D057872:Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents; D019279:Resin Cements; C112192:valux plus; C031025:formocresol; C024823:ferric sulfate; D002244:Carbon; D006859:Hydrogen; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen; D005976:Glutaral