title: Detection of mitochondrial DNA mutations in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations have been recently described in various tumors; however, data focusing on bladder cancer are scarce. To understand the significance of mtDNA mutations in bladder cancer development, we investigated the mtDNA alterations in bladder cancer cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the mtDNA in 38 bladder tumors and 21 microdissected normal bladder tissue samples. Mitochondrial genes ATPase6, CytB, ND1, and D310 region were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and then sequenced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We detected 40 mutations in our patient population. Our findings indicate that G8697A, G14905A, C15452A, and A15607G mutations are frequent in bladder cancers (p<0.05). In addition, the incidence of A3480G, T4216C, T14798C, and G9055A mutations were higher in patients with bladder tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, the high incidence of mtDNA mutations in bladder cancer suggests that mitochondria could play an important role in carcinogenesis and mtDNA could be a valuable marker for early bladder cancer diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey. ilterg@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ahmet Ilter
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Guney
authors.forename: Deniz Sevinc
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ergec
authors.forename: Hasan Huseyin
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tavukcu
authors.forename: Gulsah
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koc
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kirac
authors.forename: Korkut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ulucan
authors.forename: Dilara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Javadova
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Turkeri
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D050259:Genes, Mitochondrial; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017354:Point Mutation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm