title: Chest CT features of North American paragonimiasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to characterize the chest CT findings of North American paragonimiasis due to Paragonimus kellicotti in the largest (to our knowledge) case series reported to date and to compare the findings with those reported for paragonimiasis infections in other regions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed of chest CT examinations of eight patients with North American paragonimiasis treated at our institution between 2006 and 2010. Findings were characterized by site of involvement, including lungs and pleura, heart and pericardium, lymph nodes, and upper abdomen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common chest CT findings in this case series were pleural effusions and internal mammary and cardiophrenic lymphadenopathy. Pulmonary parenchymal findings included peripheral lung nodules of 1-3.5 cm in size with surrounding ground-glass opacity; many nodules had a linear track to the pleural surface that may correspond to the worm's burrow tunnel. Pericardial involvement (5/8 patients) and omental inflammation (5/7 patients), which are uncommon in Asian paragonimiasis, were common in this series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pleural and pulmonary features of North American paragonimiasis are generally similar to those reported from Asia. The presence of a track between a pulmonary nodule and the pleura may help distinguish paragonimiasis from mimickers, including chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, tuberculosis, fungal infection, or malignancy. Pericarditis, lymphadenopathy, and omental inflammation were more common in our series than in reports on paragonimiasis from other regions. These differences may be related to the infecting parasite species or to the fact that radiologic examinations in the present series were performed relatively early in the course of infection.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. travis.s.henry@gmail.com
authors.forename: Travis S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhalla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003400:Astacoidea / Q000469:parasitology; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008923:Missouri; D010237:Paragonimiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000469:parasitology; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*