title: Inflammatory bowel disease: risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome and the impact of maternal weight gain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcome in women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to assess the effect of maternal pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy on pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, matched control study of all gravid women with IBD treated in a single tertiary center. Data were compared with healthy controls matched to by age, parity and pre-pregnancy BMI in a 3:1 ratio.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 300 women were enrolled, 75 women in the study group (28 with ulcerative colitis and 47 with Crohn's disease) and 225 in the control group. The rates of preterm delivery and small for gestational age were higher in the study group (13.3 vs. 5.3% p = 0.02 and 6.7 vs. 0.9%, p = 0.004). The rate of cesarean section (36 vs. 19.1%; p = 0.002), NICU admission (10.7 vs. 4.0%, p = 0.03) and low 5-Min Apgar (4.0 vs. 0.4%, p = 0.02) were increased in the study group. Disease activity within 3 months of conception [OR 8.4 (1.3-16.3)] and maternal weight gain of less than 12 kg. [OR 3.6 (1.1-12.2)] were associated with adverse pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Active disease at conception and inappropriate weight gain during pregnancy are associated with increased adverse pregnancy outcome in patients with IBD.
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Division, Helen Schneider Hospital for Women, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Galia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oron
authors.forename: Yariv
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yogev
authors.forename: Smadar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shcolnick
authors.forename: Smadar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shkolnik
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hod
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: Arnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiznitzer
authors.forename: Nir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Melamed
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001034:Apgar Score; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*