title: Intravitreal tigecycline treatment in experimental Acinetobacter baumannii endophthalmitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical and microbiological effectivity of intravitreal tigecycline in an experimental rabbit endophthalmitis model caused by imipenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight eyes of 24 New Zealand white albino rabbits were divided into six groups (n=8 in each). The right eyes were divided into three groups and defined as infected group; left eyes were divided into three groups and defined as uninfected group. Infected group received 0.1 ml intravitreal A. baumannii suspension. Twenty-four hours after bacterial inoculation, group 1 received 1 mg/0.1 ml tigecycline and group 2 received 0.5 mg/0.1 ml tigecycline. Group 3 eyes received no treatment. In group 4, 0.1 ml of saline solution was injected. Groups 5 and 6 were received intravitreal tigecycline injection of 1 mg/0.1 ml and 0.5 mg/0.1 ml respectively. The eyes were enucleated for histopathological evaluation on the sixth day. Clinical and histological scoring systems were used to evaluate clinical and histological severity of the intraocular infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean clinical scores of the six groups at the sixth day were 11±1.92, 12.4±6.2, 8.5±2.7, 0, 3±1.3, and 3±1.4 respectively. Mean histopathological scores were 7.8±2.8, 7.0±1.5, 5.6±1.4, 0, 0, and 0 respectively. There was no significant difference in mean clinical and histopathological scores of infected group (groups 1, 2 and 3). There was significant difference in mean clinical scores of groups 5 and 6 compared with group 4. Groups 4, 5 and 6 showed normal histological structure in histopathological evaluation and showed no significant difference. Microbiological cure was achieved in all infected eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experimental rabbit endophthalmitis model caused by imipenem resistant A. baumannii was microbiologically cured by intravitreal tigecycline injection. However, a hypersensitivity-like reaction due to intravitreal application of tigecycline limits the use of this antimicrobial agent in A. baumannii endophthalmitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Namik Kemal University School of Medicine, Tekirdag, Turkey. fhoroz@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Horozoglu
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Metan
authors.forename: Ozkan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Percin
authors.forename: Cumhur S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Topal
authors.forename: Tansu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gonen
authors.forename: Kadircan H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Keskinbora
authors.forename: Birol
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Topcu
authors.forename: Ates
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yanyali
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058449:Intravitreal Injections; D008297:Male; D008911:Minocycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D000078304:Tigecycline; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000078304:Tigecycline; D008911:Minocycline