title: Effects of vitamin D supplementation on the bone specific biomarkers in HIV infected individuals under treatment with efavirenz.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It was reported that antiretroviral drugs such as efavirenz can increase the catabolism of vitamin D in HIV infected individuals. We have not found any study that evaluated effects of vitamin D supplementation on the bone specific biomarkers in HIV positive patients under treatment with antiretroviral regimen containing efavirenz.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 88.4 % of included patients. Baseline osteocalcin, but not collagen telopeptidase, serum levels were lower than normal range in all of these individuals. Both bone biomarkers' concentrations increased significantly (p < 0.001 for both of them) after supplementation of vitamin D and it was more predominant for osteocalcin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the HIV-infected patients under treatment with efavirenz, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent. After supplementation with single dose of 300,000 IU vitamin D in this population, the activation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts stimulates bone formation and resorption respectively with favorable bone formation without any adverse event. Significant percent of HIV infected individuals are vitamin d deficient that could benefit from vitamin D supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Etminani-Esfahani
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khalili
authors.forename: Sirous
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jafari
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dashti-Khavidaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000480:Alkynes; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D048588:Benzoxazines; D015415:Biomarkers; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D014815:Vitamins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D014807:Vitamin D; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C050681:collagen telopeptidase; C098320:efavirenz