title: Genetic polymorphisms involved in carcinogen metabolism and DNA repair and lung cancer risk in a Japanese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several components of overall lung carcinogenesis, carcinogen metabolic and DNA repair pathways may be involved in individual genetic susceptibility to lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 rs4646903 and rs104894, glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms, GSTP1 rs1695, x-ray repair, excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) rs13181, complementing defective in Chinese hamster 1 rs25487, and XRCC3 rs861539 in a case-control study comprising 462 lung cancer cases and 379 controls in a Japanese population. Unconditional logistic regression was used to assess the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CYP1A1 rs4646903 (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.25-2.38), rs1048943 (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.02-1.92), the GSTM1 deletion polymorphism (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.01-1.89), GSTP1 rs1695 (OR =1.48, 95% CI = 1.04-2.11), ERCC2 rs13181 (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.28-2.78), and Chinese hamster 1 rs25487 (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.12-2.13) were associated with lung cancer risk whereas the GSTT1 deletion polymorphism and XRCC3 rs861539 were not. A pertinent combination of multiple "at-risk" genotypes of CYP1A1 rs4646903, the GSTM1 deletion polymorphism and ERCC2 rs13181 was at a 5.94-fold (95% CI = 2.77-12.7) increased risk of lung cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A pertinent combination of multiple at-risk genotypes may detect a high-risk group. Further studies are warranted to verify our findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan. chikako@phealth.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D004260:DNA Repair; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002273:Carcinogens; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm