title: Low-fat pork liver pâtés enriched with n-3 PUFA/konjac gel: dynamic rheological properties and technological behaviour during chill storage.
abstract: Low-fat pork liver pâtés enriched with n-3 PUFA/konjac gel were formulated by replacing (total or partially) pork backfat by a combination of healthier oils (olive, linseed and fish oils) and konjac gel. Dynamic rheological properties and technological behaviour of pâtés during chill storage (2 °C, 85 days) were analysed. Cooking yields were affected (P<0.05) by formulation, with percentages ranging between 88 and 98%. According to the frequency sweep test, pâtés presented a gel/emulsion-like pattern with a loosely-structured network and the consistency of a viscoelastic gel. Thermal processing caused the formation of a protein gel network with a considerable element of emulsion-like characteristics. Pâtés became lighter and less red (P<0.05) during chill storage. Purge losses of around 1% were observed at the end of the storage period, irrespective of formulation. Textural parameters of pâtés were affected by formulation and storage time. The results suggest that the replacement of pork back fat by oil-in-water emulsion and the incorporation of konjac gel could provide a mixture of ingredients that effectively mimics the normal animal fat content in pâtés.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos y Nutrición, (Formerly Instituto del Frío) (CSIC), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Delgado-Pando
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cofrades
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Capillas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Triki
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Colmenero
mesh_terms: D031056:Amorphophallus; D000818:Animals; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003116:Color; D003296:Cooking; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D004548:Elasticity; D004655:Emulsions; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000737:chemistry*; D061353:Food Storage / Q000379:methods; D005527:Food, Fortified; D005782:Gels; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D012212:Rheology; D013552:Swine; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D004655:Emulsions; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005782:Gels; D028321:Plant Preparations