title: A cadaveric study of the morphometric relationships and bony composition of the caucasian nasolacrimal fossa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the morphometric relationships and bony composition of the nasolacrimal fossa in a Caucasian population with particular reference to the lacrimo-maxillary suture (LMS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven orbits from 24 formalin fixed cadavers were exenterated. Morphometric measurements were taken between anatomical landmarks forming the lacrimal fossa on the medial orbital wall.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean recorded distance from the anterior lacrimal crest (ALC) to the posterior lacrimal crest (PLC) and the LMS were 8.8 mm (± 1.6) and 4.3 mm (± 1.1), respectively. In 25.5% of the orbits the LMS was at the mid-vertical line (MVL), defined as a line equidistant from the ALC and PLC. In 42.5% the LMS was located anterior to the MVL toward the ALC. In 66% of the orbits the LMS was at or within one standard deviation (SD) of the MVL. The LMS was >1 SD away from the MVL toward the ALC and PLC in 19% and 15% of orbits, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a quarter of the orbits in our Caucasian population the nasolacrimal fossa was formed equally by the maxillary and lacrimal bones. However, in nearly a third of the cases the LMS was located closer to the PLC, indicating predominance of the thicker maxillary bone. This may result in greater difficulty in initiating the surgical osteotomy when performing a dacryocystorhinostomy. These data contribute to our understanding of the variation in lacrimal fossa anatomy and encourage further studies in different racial groups.
authors.affiliation: Adnexal Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK. pari.shams@gmail.com
authors.forename: Pari N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Shams
authors.forename: Saif F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Abed
authors.forename: Sunny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Adds
authors.forename: Jimmy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Uddin
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D044465:White People