title: Two-year follow-up of an open-label multicenter study of polyacrylamide hydrogel (Bulkamid®) for female stress and stress-predominant mixed incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAHG, Bulkamid®) is a promising urethral bulking agent. This article presents the 2-year follow-up results of a multicenter study of PAHG injections for treating stress and stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Submucosal injection of PAHG was performed in 135 women with urinary incontinence, with subjective and objective assessment of the efficacy and safety 24 months postinjection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 24 months, the subjective responder rate was 64 % (a statistically non-significant reduction from 67 % at 12 months). The decreased number of incontinence episodes and urine leakage were maintained compared with the result from the 12-month evaluations, as were objective result rates and quality of life data. No safety issues occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAHG is an effective and safe treatment option for women with stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence, with maintained medium-term responder rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urogynaecology, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Methchley Lane, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Toozs-Hobson
authors.forename: Waleed
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Al-Singary
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fynes
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tegerstedt
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lose
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007267:Injections; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C528271:Bulkamid; D020100:Hydrogels; C016680:polyacrylamide gels