title: A step further toward glyphosate-induced epidermal cell death: involvement of mitochondrial and oxidative mechanisms.
abstract: A deregulation of programmed cell death mechanisms in human epidermis leads to skin pathologies. We previously showed that glyphosate, an extensively used herbicide, provoked cytotoxic effects on cultured human keratinocytes, affecting their antioxidant capacities and impairing morphological and functional cell characteristics. The aim of the present study, carried out on the human epidermal cell line HaCaT, was to examine the part of apoptosis plays in the cytotoxic effects of glyphosate and the intracellular mechanisms involved in the apoptotic events. We have conducted different incubation periods to reveal the specific events in glyphosate-induced cell death. We observed an increase in the number of early apoptotic cells at a low cytotoxicity level (15%), and then, a decrease, in favor of late apoptotic and necrotic cell rates for more severe cytotoxicity conditions. At the same time, we showed that the glyphosate-induced mitochondrial membrane potential disruption could be a cause of apoptosis in keratinocyte cultures.
authors.affiliation: University of Franche-Comte, Clinical & Innovation Proteomic Platform (CLIPP), Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR 6174 CNRS, 25030 Besancon cedex, France; University of Franche-Comte, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, EA4268, SFR FED 4234, UFR Sciences Medicales & Pharmaceutiques, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besancon cedex, France. Electronic address: celine.heu@univ-fcomte.fr.
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heu
authors.affiliation: University of Franche-Comte, Clinical & Innovation Proteomic Platform (CLIPP), Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR 6174 CNRS, 25030 Besancon cedex, France.
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elie-Caille
authors.affiliation: University of Franche-Comte, DImaCell, UMR1098, SFR FED 4234, Batiment SFR-IBCT, 240 route de Dole, 25000 Besancon, France.
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mougey
authors.affiliation: University of Franche-Comte, DImaCell, EA3181, SFR FED 4234, Batiment SFR-IBCT, 240 route de Dole, 25000 Besancon, France.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Launay
authors.affiliation: University of Franche-Comte, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, EA4268, SFR FED 4234, UFR Sciences Medicales & Pharmaceutiques, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25030 Besancon cedex, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nicod
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000097797:Glyphosate