title: Salt-inducible kinase 1 regulates E-cadherin expression and intercellular junction stability.
abstract: The protein kinase liver kinase B1 (LKB1) regulates cell polarity and intercellular junction stability. Also, LKB1 controls the activity of salt-inducible kinase 1 (SIK1). The role and relevance of SIK1 and its downstream effectors in linking the LKB1 signals within these processes are partially understood. We hypothesize that SIK1 may link LKB1 signals to the maintenance of epithelial junction stability by regulating E-cadherin expression. Results from our studies using a mouse lung alveolar epithelial (MLE-12) cell line or human renal proximal tubule (HK2) cell line transiently or stably lacking the expression of SIK1 (using SIK1 siRNAs or shRNAs), or with its expression abrogated (sik1(+/+) vs. sik1(-/-) mice), indicate that suppression of SIK1 (∼40%) increases the expression of the transcriptional repressors Snail2 (∼12-fold), Zeb1 (∼100%), Zeb2 (∼50%), and TWIST (∼20-fold) by activating cAMP-response element binding protein. The lack of SIK1 and activation of transcriptional repressors decreases the availability of E-cadherin (mRNA and protein expression by ∼100 and 80%, respectively) and the stability of intercellular junctions in epithelia (decreases in transepithelial resistance). Furthermore, LKB1-mediated increases in E-cadherin expression are impaired in cells where SIK1 has been disabled. We conclude that SIK1 is a key regulator of E-cadherin expression, and thereby contributes to the stability of intercellular junctions.
authors.affiliation: Membrane Signaling Networks, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eneling
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brion
authors.forename: Vanda
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pinho
authors.forename: Jacob I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Sznajder
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Emoto
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soares-da-Silva
authors.forename: Alejandro M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bertorello
mesh_terms: D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002460:Cell Line; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C115163:CREB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; C000604407:SNAI1 protein, human; C000604429:Snai1 protein, mouse; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C509080:SIK1 protein, human; C109790:STK11 protein, human; C495376:Sik1 protein, mouse; D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases