title: Macrophages activation by a purified fraction, free of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), from Larrea divaricata Cav. as a potential novel therapy against Candida albicans.
abstract: Larrea divaricata Cav. (jarilla) is a plant with well-documented applications in Argentinean folk medicine. In order to determine if the treatment with a purified fraction named F1 was capable to maintain a state of priming of macrophages after 15 days of mice infection with Candida albicans. Infected and uninfected mice were used. The effect of F1 on: cytosolic protein levels, apoptosis, phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species production, nitric oxide (NO), cell activity, lysosomal activity and the tissue fungal burden were studied. The results showed that F1 increased macrophages yeast phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species and NO production. All these effects were related to a decrease of cell activity and possible apoptosis. In conclusion, it was observed that F1 could induce a state of long-term activation of macrophages, since we observed increased activity of macrophages 15 days after infection, and it could be related to the elimination of C. albicans. These data may suggest that F1 fraction could be useful against disseminated candidiasis in patients and further studies on this field are desirable.
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina.
authors.forename: Renzo F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Roberto C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Davicino
authors.forename: María A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mattar
authors.forename: Corina Verónica
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Sasso
authors.forename: Yolanda A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Casali
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anesini
authors.forename: Silvia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Blas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Micalizzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002176:Candida albicans; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D032442:Larrea / Q000737:chemistry*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide