title: The Mediterranean diet pattern and its main components are associated with lower plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor receptor 60 in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease.
abstract: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of 2 MD with those of a low-fat-diet (LFD) on circulating inflammatory biomarkers related to atherogenesis. A total of 516 participants included in the Prevention with Mediterranean Diet Study were randomized into 3 intervention groups [MD supplemented with virgin olive oil (MD-VOO); MD supplemented with mixed nuts (MD-Nuts); and LFD]. At baseline and after 1 y, participants completed FFQ and adherence to MD questionnaires, and plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers including intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), IL-6, and 2 TNF receptors (TNFR60 and TNFR80) were measured by ELISA. At 1 y, the MD groups had lower plasma concentrations of IL-6, TNFR60, and TNFR80 (P < 0.05), whereas ICAM-1, TNFR60, and TNFR80 concentrations increased in the LFD group (P < 0.002). Due to between-group differences, participants in the 2 MD groups had lower plasma concentrations of ICAM-1, IL-6, TNFR60, and TNFR80 compared to those in the LFD group (P ≤ 0.028). When participants were categorized in tertiles of 1-y changes in the consumption of selected foods, those in the highest tertile of virgin olive oil (VOO) and vegetable consumption had a lower plasma TNFR60 concentration compared with those in tertile 1 (P < 0.02). Moreover, the only changes in consumption that were associated with 1-y changes in the geometric mean TNFR60 concentrations were those of VOO and vegetables (P = 0.01). This study suggests that a MD reduces TNFR concentrations in patients at high cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Mireia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urpi-Sarda
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chiva-Blanch
authors.forename: Edwin Saúl
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Romero-Mamani
authors.forename: Palmira
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valderas-Martínez
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas-Salvadó
authors.forename: María Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Covas
authors.forename: Estefanía
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toledo
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andres-Lacueva
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Llorach
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Arellano
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulló
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Gutierrez
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lamuela-Raventos
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Estruch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009754:Nuts; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I