title: osDesign: An R Package for the Analysis, Evaluation, and Design of Two-Phase and Case-Control Studies.
abstract: The two-phase design has recently received attention in the statistical literature as an extension to the traditional case-control study for settings where a predictor of interest is rare or subject to missclassification. Despite a thorough methodological treatment and the potential for substantial efficiency gains, the two-phase design has not been widely adopted. This may be due, in part, to a lack of general-purpose, readily-available software. The osDesign package for R provides a suite of functions for analyzing data from a two-phase and/or case-control design, as well as evaluating operating characteristics, including bias, efficiency and power. The evaluation is simulation-based, permitting flexible application of the package to a broad range of scientific settings. Using lung cancer mortality data from Ohio, the package is illustrated with a detailed case-study in which two statistical goals are considered: (i) the evaluation of small-sample operating characteristics for two-phase and case-control designs and (ii) the planning and design of a future two-phase study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics Harvard School of Public Health Boston, MA, 02115, United States of America  shaneuse@hsph.harvard.edu.
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haneuse
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saegusa
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lumley