title: The promotional effect of IL-22 on mineralization activity of periodontal ligament cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interleukin (IL)-22 acts on non-immune cells to induce anti-microbial responses, protection from tissue damage, and enhance cell regeneration. However, little is known about the involvement of IL-22 in periodontal biology. This study investigated the biological effects of IL-22 on periodontal ligament (PDL) cells as part of studies to assess the involvement of IL-22 in periodontal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene expression levels of IL-22 and its receptors in PDL cells and gingival tissue samples were evaluated by real-time PCR. Proliferative responses and mineralized-matrix forming activities of PDL cells were examined in the presence and absence of IL-22.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In contrast to the expression of IL-22 receptors detected in PDL tissues and their cell lines, gingival tissues showed modest or no gene expressions of IL-22. The production of several cytokines including IL-11, IL-8 and CCL2 was upregulated by IL-22 treatment of PDL cells in a dose-dependent manner. IL-22 treatment had no effect on the proliferative response in PDL cells. Meanwhile, IL-22 precipitated mineralized nodule formation and induced gene expressions of RUNX2, MSX2 and osteocalcin in PDL cells, suggesting that IL-22 enhances the mineralized matrix-forming activities of PDL cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-22 has the potential to promote mineralizing activity in PDL cells and to develop appropriate regenerative therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan.
authors.forename: Nahoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato-Kogoe
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: Mutsuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawabe
authors.forename: Fusa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamanegi
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakasho
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urade
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohyama
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002999:Clone Cells; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008024:Ligands; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007378:Interleukins; D008024:Ligands; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D000097043:Interleukin-22; C415369:interleukin-22 receptor