title: Survival and echocardiographic data in dogs with congestive heart failure caused by mitral valve disease and treated by multiple drugs: a retrospective study of 21 cases.
abstract: This retrospective study reports the survival time [onset of congestive heart failure (CHF) to death from any cause] of 21 dogs with mitral regurgitation (MR) and CHF treated with a combination of furosemide, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI, benazepril, or enalapril), pimobendan, spironolactone, and amlodipine. Baseline echocardiographic data: end-systolic and end-diastolic volume indices (ESVI and EDVI), left atrium to aorta ratio (LA/Ao), and regurgitant fraction (RF) are reported. Median survival time (MST) was 430 d. Initial dosage of furosemide (P = 0.0081) and LA/Ao (P = 0.042) were negatively associated with survival. Baseline echocardiographic indices (mean ± standard deviation) were 40.24 ± 16.76 for ESVI, 161.48 ± 44.49 mL/m(2) for EDVI, 2.11 ± 0.75 for LA/Ao, and 64.71 ± 16.85% for RF. Combining furosemide, ACEI, pimobendan, spironolactone, and amlodipine may result in long survival times in dogs with MR and CHF. Severity of MR at onset of CHF is at least moderate.
authors.affiliation: Alta Vista Animal Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. ericdem@magma.ca
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Madron
authors.forename: Jonathan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strehlau
authors.forename: Regina Valle
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D004285:Dogs; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000662:veterinary; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001552:Benzazepines; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D011724:Pyridazines; C041648:pimobendan; D004656:Enalapril; D005665:Furosemide; C044946:benazepril