title: Cost-effectiveness of bulk-tank milk testing for surveys to demonstrate freedom from infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine enzootic leucosis in Switzerland.
abstract: In Switzerland, annual surveys to substantiate freedom from infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL) are implemented by a random allocation of farms to the respective survey as well as blood sampling of individual animals at farm level. Contrary to many other European countries, bulk-tank milk (BTM) samples have not been used for active cattle disease surveillance for several years in Switzerland. The aim of this project was to provide a financial comparison between the current surveillance programme consisting of blood sampling only and a modified surveillance programme including BTM sampling. A financial spreadsheet model was used for cost comparison. Various surveillance scenarios were tested with different sample sizes and sampling frequencies for BTM samples. The costs could be halved without compromising the power to substantiate the freedom from IBR and EBL through the surveillance programme. Alternatively, the sensitivity could be markedly increased when keeping the costs at the actual level and doubling the sample size. The risk-based sample size of the actual programme results in a confidence of 94,18 % that the farm level prevalence is below 0,2 %. Which the doubled sample size, the confidence is 99,69 % respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reist
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwermer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002417:Cattle; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D016583:Enzootic Bovine Leukosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007241:Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001909:Leukemia Virus, Bovine / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008892:Milk / Q000592:standards / Q000821:virology*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013557:Switzerland
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral