title: Escape of leukemia blasts from HLA-specific CTL pressure in a recipient of HLA one locus-mismatched bone marrow transplantation.
abstract: A case of leukemia escape from an HLA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in a recipient of bone marrow transplantation is presented. Only the expression of HLA-B51, which was a mismatched HLA locus in the graft-versus-host direction, was down-regulated in post-transplant leukemia blasts compared with that in pre-transplant blasts. All CTL clones, that were isolated from the recipient's blood when acute graft-versus-host disease developed, recognized the mismatched B(∗)51:01 molecule in a peptide-dependent manner. The pre-transplant leukemia blasts were lysed by CTL clones, whereas the post-transplant leukemia blasts were not lysed by any CTL clones. The IFN-γ ELISPOT assay revealed that B(∗)51:01-reactive T lymphocytes accounted for the majority of the total alloreactive T lymphocytes in the blood just before leukemia relapse. These data suggest that immune escape of leukemia blasts from CTL pressure toward a certain HLA molecule can lead to clinical relapse after bone marrow transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Seitaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terakura
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murase
authors.forename: Chisako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iriyama
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Momoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naoe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D056426:Genetic Loci; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens