title: Expression of Glut-1, HIF-1α, PI3K and p-Akt in a case of ceruminous adenoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ceruminous adenoma of the external auditory canal (EAC) is a rare type of tumour that is diagnosed histologically. However, the clinical behaviour of these tumours remains controversial. Here, we report a case of ceruminous adenoma of the EAC and expression of a hypoxia marker.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 78-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of recurrent otorrhoea in the right ear. Surgery was performed by the transmeatal approach with total removal of the mass. Histopathology revealed a ceruminous adenoma. Tumour cells were positive for CK, S-100 protein, Glut-1, HIF-1α, PI3K and p-Akt. There was no evidence of recurrence at last follow-up 27 months after the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ceruminous adenoma of the EAC is a rare tumour. The treatment of choice is wide local excision with clear margins. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Glut-1 expression and the PI3K/Akt pathway in ceruminous adenoma of the EAC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
authors.forename: Wan-Qin
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Ke-Jia
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yang-Yang
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Shui-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hong-Tian
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D002571:Cerumen / Q000378:metabolism; D004424:Ear Canal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt