title: Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal helminth infection among rural malay children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Soil-transmitted intestinal helminth infection is prevalent in rural communities of Malaysia. Risk factors contributing to helminth infections are largely unknown in the country.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and risk factors of intestinal helminth infections among children in Beris Lalang, a rural Muslim community of Malaysia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, children aged 7-9 years were recruited during the mass Friday prayer at Beris Lalang mosque by trained imams (religious leaders). A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographic profile, daily hygienic practices, and history of helminth infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 79 samples, 29 (37%) were positive for helminthic ova, of which 24 were ova of Trichuris trichiura. Poor education of the mother (primary education or less) (P=0.015), eating raw salad (P=0.03), and no physical activities (P=0.03) were found independent risk factors for the child's helminth infections in univariate analysis. A higher proportion of children with helminth infections complained of tiredness and fatigue compared to those without such infections (36% vs. 12%, P=0.019). In a multivariate analysis of predictors of helminth infection, poor education of the mother (P=0.02) and eating raw salad (P=0.04) remained statistically significant, after controlling for several other potential risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T. trichiura was the most prevalent intestinal helminth infection in children in rural Malaysia. Risk factors of helminth infection included mother's poor education and eating raw salad and vegetables.
authors.affiliation: Biomedicine Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Lim Boon
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Huat
authors.forename: Amal K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Noor Izani Noor
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Jamil
authors.forename: Pim Chau
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Dam
authors.forename: Hamid Jan Jan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Wan Abdul Manan Wan
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Muda