title: Shear bond strength of porcelain laminate veneers to enamel, dentine and enamel-dentine complex bonded with different adhesive luting systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of porcelain laminate veneers to 3 different surfaces by means of enamel, dentine, and enamel-dentine complex.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-five extracted human maxillary central teeth were used, and the teeth were randomly divided into 9 groups (n=15). The teeth were prepared with 3 different levels for bonding surfaces of enamel (E), dentine (D), and enamel-dentine complex (E-D). Porcelain discs (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar Vivadent) of 2mm in thickness and 4mm in diameter were luted to the tooth surfaces by using 2 light-curing (RelyX Veneer [RV], 3M ESPE; Variolink Veneer [VV], Ivoclar Vivadent) and a dual-curing (Variolink II [V2], Ivoclar Vivadent) adhesive systems according to the manufacturers' instructions. Shear bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine at 0.5mm/min until bonding failure. Failure modes were determined under a stereomicroscope, and fracture surfaces were evaluated with a scanning electron microscope. The data were statistically analysed (SPSS 17.0) (p=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group RV-D exhibited the lowest bond strength value (5.42±6.6MPa). There was statistically no difference among RV-D, V2-D (13.78±8.8MPa) and VV-D (13.84±6.2MPa) groups (p>0.05). Group VV-E exhibited the highest bond strength value (24.76±8.8MPa).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The type of tooth structure affected the shear bond strength of the porcelain laminate veneers to the 3 different types of tooth structures (enamel, dentine, and enamel-dentine complex).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When dentine exposure is necessary during preparation, enough sound enamel must be protected as much as possible to maintain a good bonding; to obtain maximum bond strength, preparation margins should be on sound enamel.
authors.affiliation: University of Kocaeli, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Yuvacik/Basiskele, Kocaeli, Turkey. dtelifoz@gmail.com
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.forename: Şükran
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Bolay
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hickel
authors.forename: Nicoleta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ilie
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000268:Adhesiveness; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003801:Dental Veneers; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives / Q000379:methods; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D055116:Self-Curing of Dental Resins / Q000379:methods; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D019231:Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C508050:IPS e.max Press; D019279:Resin Cements; C084550:Vitremer; C493120:lithia disilicate; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C103502:Variolink