title: [Japanese publications in German language (1886-1941)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Publications in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland by Japanese authors are hitherto noticed insufficiently.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have made an evaluation of ophthalmological journals in the German language.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred and twenty-five original publications in German language by Japanese authors in the preiod from 1886 to 1941 were evaluated. The publications appeared most frequently in "Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde" with 196 and in "Graefe's Archiv für Ophthalmologie" with 137 original works, less frequently in "Archiv für Augenheilkunde" with 55 and in "Zeitschrift für Augenheilkunde" and "Ophthalmologica" with 15 publications each; in the journal "Centralblatt für praktische Augenheilkunde" 14 and in "Beiträgen zur Augenheilkunde" 8 original articles had been published. Review articles and congress reports of the Japanese Ophthalmological Society were also published in "Klinische Monatsblätter für Augenheilkunde". Visits in Japan by Julius Hirschberg (1892) und Theodor Axenfeld (1930) intensified contacts between German-speaking Japanese ophthalmologists. Y. Koyanagi (Sendai) published 46 excellent works. We also found many important publications by T. Inouye (Tokyo), J. Komoto (Tokyo), S. Miyashita (Tokyo), B. Nakamura (Osaka), Ch. Oguchi (Tokyo), S. Suganuma (Tokyo), Y. Sugita (Nagoya) und H. Yamaguchi (Tokyo).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We point to many important publications by Japanese ophthalmologists who had contacts to German, Austrian and Swiss colleagues mainly in the first half of the last century.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D001319:Authorship; D005858:Germany; D007564:Japan; D007802:Language; D008373:Manuscripts as Topic; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010506:Periodicals as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014956:Writing