title: Correlation of complement fragment C5a with inflammatory cytokines in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the vitreous concentration of complement fragment C5a in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and the relation between C5a and inflammatory cytokines including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1).
  
  
  METHODS
  Vitreous samples were obtained at the time of vitrectomy from 12 eyes of 11 PDR patients and from 11 eyes of 11 patients without diabetes with macular disease (controls). Vitreous and serum concentrations of human C5a, VEGF, and MCP-1 were quantified using FACS Caliber flow cytometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitreous concentration of C5a increased significantly in patients with PDR [median (range): 928.7 (46.6 to 3,319.4) pg/ml] compared with controls [58.7 (22.2 to 1,432.4) pg/ml; p < 0.01]. In PDR patients, vitreous concentration of C5a correlated significantly with those of VEGF (p < 0.05) and MCP-1 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that C5a may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PDR and work in concert with inflammatory cytokines such as VEGF and MCP-1 in pathological angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okunuki
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kezuka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015936:Complement C5a / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D015936:Complement C5a; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human