title: Role of common mental and physical disorders in partial disability around the world.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mental and physical disorders are associated with total disability, but their effects on days with partial disability (i.e. the ability to perform some, but not full-role, functioning in daily life) are not well understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To estimate individual (i.e. the consequences for an individual with a disorder) and societal effects (i.e. the avoidable partial disability in the society due to disorders) of mental and physical disorders on days with partial disability around the world.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents from 26 nationally representative samples (n = 61 259, age 18+) were interviewed regarding mental and physical disorders, and day-to-day functioning. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview, version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) was used to assess mental disorders; partial disability (expressed in full day equivalents) was assessed with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule in the CIDI 3.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respondents with disorders reported about 1.58 additional disability days per month compared with respondents without disorders. At the individual level, mental disorders (especially post-traumatic stress disorder, depression and bipolar disorder) yielded a higher number of days with disability than physical disorders. At the societal level, the population attributable risk proportion due to physical and mental disorders was 49% and 15% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mental and physical disorders have a considerable impact on partial disability, at both the individual and at the societal level. Physical disorders yielded higher effects on partial disability than mental disorders.
authors.affiliation: Universitair Psychiatrisch Centrum - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, campus Leuven, Belgium. ronny.bruffaerts@med.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruffaerts
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vilagut
authors.forename: Koen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demyttenaere
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alhamzawi
authors.forename: Laura Helena
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Corina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benjet
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bromet
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bunting
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Girolamo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Florescu
authors.forename: Oye
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gureje
authors.forename: Josep Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haro
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hristo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hinkov
authors.forename: Chiyi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Elie G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lepine
authors.forename: Daphna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levinson
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matschinger
authors.forename: Yoshibumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ormel
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Posada-Villa
authors.forename: Kate M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Ronald C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kessler
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors