title: Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease and geriatric depression: preliminary findings from Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depression is a highly prevalent disorder in the elderly and one of the risk factors for developing dementia. The present study involves patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), geriatric major depressive disorder (MDD) and cognitively healthy controls aiming to compare baseline cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 52 patients with more than 60 years of age with a diagnosis of MDD, AD, and healthy controls. All individuals underwent a medical history, physical, and neurologic examination, laboratory tests and neuropsychological assessment to rule out any clinical diseases or disorders. Measurement of CSF P-tau(181) , T-tau, and Aβ42 was performed using commercial assays (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CSF Aβ42 levels of depressed patients and normal controls were significantly higher than in AD. There was not any significant difference in measures of P-tau among the groups. T-tau, however, showed to be significantly different among the groups, with higher measures in AD group. Higher levels of P-tau were observed in four MDD patients compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CSF Aβ42, T-tau, and P-tau levels may differentiate between AD and depression in a Brazilian sample.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Carlos Otavio
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.forename: Evandro Silva
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Freire Coutinho
authors.forename: Eliasz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.forename: Jerson
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laks
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D016875:tau Proteins