title: A two-stage matched case-control study on multiple hypertensive candidate genes in Han Chinese.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertension affects about 1/3 of adults worldwide, ~3.8 million in Taiwan, 160 million in China, and 1 billion worldwide. It is a major risk factor leading to stroke, cardiovascular disease, and end-stage renal disease. In each year, more than 13.5 million deaths are due to hypertension-related diseases worldwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a two-stage association study of hypertension using genotype data of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 992 young-onset hypertensive cases and 992 matched controls of Han Chinese in Taiwan. A total of 238 SNPs of 36 highly replicated hypertension candidate genes with functional importance were investigated. Association analysis was carried out using conditional logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified two SNPs that were strongly associated with hypertension in both the first and the second stages. The first SNP (rs2301339) is located at guanine nucleotide-binding protein β3 subunit (GNB3) and the other one (rs17254521) is located at insulin receptor (INSR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SNP rs2301339 is perfectly linked in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with C825T (rs5443) which has been associated with hypertension in Caucasian, but inconsistent in Asian populations. However, we found that in our sample this SNP has an opposite effect with the previous findings. In summary, this study identified one novel SNP in GNB3 and one novel SNP in INSR that are strongly associated with young-onset hypertension. Due to relatively small sample size, the results should still be interpreted with caution and need to be replicated in other studies.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tai-Yue
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Mei-Jyh
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jaw-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hung-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Chih-Tai
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.forename: Tsung-Hsien
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Sheng-Hsiung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: Wei-Chuan
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Jyh-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsin-Bang
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: Wei-Hsian
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Ting-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Chin-Iuan
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shing-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wen-Harn
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics*; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics*; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C454420:G-protein beta3 subunit; C435941:INSR protein, human; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins