title: Professional language interpretation and inpatient length of stay and readmission rates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The population of persons seeking medical care is linguistically diverse in the United States. Language barriers can adversely affect a patient's ability to explain their symptoms. Among hospitalized patients, these barriers may lead to higher readmission rates and longer hospitalizations. Trained interpreters help overcome communication barriers; however, interpreter usage among patients is suboptimal.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate differences among patients with limited English proficiency (LEP) in their length of stay (LOS) and 30-day readmission rate associated with their receiving professional interpretation at admission or discharge.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the rates of interpretation at admission and discharge of all LEP patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital over a three-year period. We calculated length of stay in days and as log of LOS. We also examined 30-day readmission. Using multivariable regression models, we explored differences among patients who received interpretation at admission, discharge, or both, controlling for patient characteristics, including age, illness severity, language, and gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  All LEP patients admitted between May 1, 2004 and April 30, 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Length of hospital stay as related to use of professional interpreters; readmission to the hospital within 30 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 3071 patients included in the study, 39 % received language interpretation on both admission and discharge date. Patients who did not receive professional interpretation at admission or both admission/discharge had an increase in their LOS of between 0.75 and 1.47 days, compared to patients who had an interpreter on both day of admission and discharge (P<0.02). Patients receiving interpretation at admission and/or discharge were less likely than patients receiving no interpretation to be readmitted with 30 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The length of a hospital stay for LEP patients was significantly longer when professional interpreters were not used at admission or both admission/discharge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. Mary.Lindholm@umassmemorial.org
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindholm
authors.forename: J Lee
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hargraves
authors.forename: Warren J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reed
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003144:Communication Barriers; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000639:trends*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019303:Multilingualism; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000639:trends*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult