title: Where does rituximab fit in the treatment of autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering skin disease?
abstract: We propose rituximab as a first-line therapy for pemphigus vulgaris and steroid-dependent bullous pemphigoid with or without systemic steroids. A brief review of the literature substantiates the significant risk associated with the use of long term, high-dose prednisone, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and azathioprine. No head-to-head studies are available with respect to safety and efficacy of rituximab versus these therapies. When comparing the side effects of rituximab to MMF, both are found to be mild when used as monotherapy in dermatologic patients. The most severe side effects of rituximab include fatal infusion reactions and hypersensitivity, pancytopenia, infection and organ dysfunction. With MMF, malignancy, pancytopenia, infection, and organ dysfunction are the most concerning side effects. The frequencies of these observed adverse events are difficult to compare, but the side effect profiles of rituximab and MMF are clearly similar. Therefore, there is equipoise whether to use rituximab before rather than after MMF and/or systemic corticosteroids.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Rishi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nigam
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levitt
mesh_terms: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010391:Pemphigoid, Bullous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011241:Prednisone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069283:Rituximab
chemical_list: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000069283:Rituximab; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D001379:Azathioprine; D011241:Prednisone