title: Plant hormone jasmonate prioritizes defense over growth by interfering with gibberellin signaling cascade.
abstract: Plants must effectively defend against biotic and abiotic stresses to survive in nature. However, this defense is costly and is often accompanied by significant growth inhibition. How plants coordinate the fluctuating growth-defense dynamics is not well understood and remains a fundamental question. Jasmonate (JA) and gibberellic acid (GA) are important plant hormones that mediate defense and growth, respectively. Binding of bioactive JA or GA ligands to cognate receptors leads to proteasome-dependent degradation of specific transcriptional repressors (the JAZ or DELLA family of proteins), which, at the resting state, represses cognate transcription factors involved in defense (e.g., MYCs) or growth [e.g. phytochrome interacting factors (PIFs)]. In this study, we found that the coi1 JA receptor mutants of rice (a domesticated monocot crop) and Arabidopsis (a model dicot plant) both exhibit hallmark phenotypes of GA-hypersensitive mutants. JA delays GA-mediated DELLA protein degradation, and the della mutant is less sensitive to JA for growth inhibition. Overexpression of a selected group of JAZ repressors in Arabidopsis plants partially phenocopies GA-associated phenotypes of the coi1 mutant, and JAZ9 inhibits RGA (a DELLA protein) interaction with transcription factor PIF3. Importantly, the pif quadruple (pifq) mutant no longer responds to JA-induced growth inhibition, and overexpression of PIF3 could partially overcome JA-induced growth inhibition. Thus, a molecular cascade involving the COI1-JAZ-DELLA-PIF signaling module, by which angiosperm plants prioritize JA-mediated defense over growth, has been elucidated.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,  Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032,  China.
authors.forename: Dong-Lei
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Chuan-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Long-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lang-Tao
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Tai-ping
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jigang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xing-Wang
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Chin Mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Thomashow
authors.forename: Yinong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zuhua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Sheng Yang
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044783:F-Box Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D063245:Plant Development; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D059748:Proteolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D034622:RNA Interference; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D044783:F-Box Proteins; D005875:Gibberellins; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C092776:CONSTANS protein, Arabidopsis; C554741:JAZ1 protein, Arabidopsis; C473611:MYC2 protein, Arabidopsis; C116162:PIF3 protein, Arabidopsis; C450824:RGL1 protein, Arabidopsis; C011006:jasmonic acid