title: Effect of particle properties of powders on the generation and transmission of Raman scattering.
abstract: Transmission Raman measurements of a 1 mm thick sulfur-containing disk were made at different positions as it was moved through 4 mm of aspirin (150-212 μm) or microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) of different size ranges (<38, 53-106, and 150-212 μm). The transmission Raman intensity of the sulfur interlayer at 218 cm(-1) was lower when the disk was placed at the top or bottom of the powder bed, compared to positions within the bed and the difference between the sulfur intensity at the outer and inner positions increased with Avicel particle size. Also, the positional intensity difference was smaller for needle-shaped aspirin than for granular Avicel of the same size. The attenuation coefficients for the propagation of the exciting laser and transmitted Raman photons through the individual powders were the same but decreased as the particle size of Avicel increased; also, the attenuation coefficients for propagation through 150-212 μm aspirin were almost half of those through similar sized Avicel particles. The study has demonstrated that particulate size and type affect transmitted Raman intensities and, consequently, such factors need to be considered in the analysis of powders, especially if particle properties vary between the samples.
authors.affiliation: WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry and CPACT, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
authors.forename: Nichola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Townshend
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nordon
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Littlejohn
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dallin
mesh_terms: D001241:Aspirin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002214:Capsules / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry; D007834:Lasers; D010316:Particle Size; D017785:Photons; D011208:Powders / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D013607:Tablets / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D005079:Excipients; D011208:Powders; D013607:Tablets; D002482:Cellulose; C109691:microcrystalline cellulose; D001241:Aspirin