title: Grape marc extract acts as elicitor of plant defence responses.
abstract: Plant protection based on novel alternative strategies is a major concern in agriculture to sustain pest management. The marc extract of red grape cultivars reveals plant defence inducer properties. Treatment with grape marc extract efficiently induced hypersensitive reaction-like lesions with cell death evidenced by Evans Blue staining of tobacco leaves. Examination of the infiltration zone and the surrounding areas under UV light revealed the accumulation of autofluorescent compounds. Both leaf infiltration and a foliar spray of the red grape extract on tobacco leaves induced defence gene expression. The PR1 and PR2 target genes were upregulated locally and systemically in tobacco plants following grape marc extract treatment. The grape extract elicited an array of plant defence responses making this natural compound a potential phytosanitary product with a challenging issue and a rather attractive option for sustainable agriculture and environmentally friendly practices.
authors.affiliation: UMR 547 PIAF, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. Pascale.GOUPIL@univ-bpclermont.fr
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goupil
authors.forename: Razik
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benouaret
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Charrier
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ter Halle
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eyheraguibel
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thiery
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ledoigt
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D018749:RNA, Plant