title: [Prevention of vertical transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in Uruguay: 1987-2009. An analysis of measures adopted].
abstract: The prevention of vertical transmission (VT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a priority as it generally is an avoidable disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe Uruguay's experience of VT during 23 years and the preventive measures adopted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children of HIV positive mothers born between January 1987 and December 2009 were followed. The mother, pregnancy and children dependent variables were analysed. Infants were classified as infected, not infected, exposed but still in evaluation, or withdrawn of the protocol. The different measures implemented were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 1353 children of HIV positive mothers; 204 (15.1%) infants were infected. The percentage of VT diminished throughout the years; between 2003 and 2009 it decreased to 6%. Protective factors against HIV VT were antiretroviral therapy (ARV) during pregnancy, elective caesarean section and not to nurse the newborn infant. Women who did not receive AlRV had a percentage of VT of 50.3 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The VT has diminished in Uruguay. Special efforts must be done to screen all pregnant women, to improve diagnosis during pregnancy and to implement suitable ARV as occurs in developed countries.
authors.affiliation: Centro VIH-SIDA Obstétrico Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quian R
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez R
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: González C
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Visconti G
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sicco C
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murialdo E
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lioni H
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D002585:Cesarean Section; D000075202:Contraindications; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014583:Uruguay / Q000453:epidemiology