title: The presence of viral subpopulations in an infectious bronchitis virus vaccine with differing pathogenicity--a preliminary study.
abstract: There are currently four commercially available vaccines in Australia to protect chickens against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). Predominantly, IBV causes clinical signs associated with respiratory or kidney disease, which subsequently cause an increase in mortality rate. Three of the current vaccines belong to the same subgroup (subgroup 1), however, the VicS vaccine has been reported to cause an increased vaccinal reaction compared to the other subgroup 1 vaccines. Molecular anomalies detected in VicS suggested the presence of two major subspecies, VicS-v and VicS-del, present in the commercial preparation of VicS. The most notable anomaly is the absence of a 40 bp sequence in the 3'UTR of VicS-del. In this investigation, the two subspecies were isolated and shown to grow independently and to similar titres in embryonated chicken eggs. An in vivo investigation involved 5 groups of 20 chickens each and found that VicS-del grew to a significantly lesser extent in the chicken tissues collected than did VicS-v. The group inoculated with an even ratio of the isolated subspecies scored the most severe clinical signs, with the longest duration. These results indicate the potential for a cooperative, instead of an expected competitive, relationship between VicS-v and VicS-del to infect a host, which is reminiscent of RNA viral quasi-species.
authors.affiliation: The University of Melbourne, Veterinary Science, 250 Princes Hwy, Werribee, 3030, Victoria, Australia. khewson@unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: Kylie A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hewson
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Joanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Devlin
authors.forename: Jagoda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ignjatovic
authors.forename: Amir H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Noormohammadi
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D005838:Genotype; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D019562:Viral Load; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics; D014774:Virulence; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines