title: Characterization of an endophytic whorl-forming  Streptomyces  from  Catharanthus roseus  stems producing polyene macrolide antibiotic.
abstract: An endophytic whorl-forming Streptomyces sp. designated as TS3RO having antifungal activity against a large number of fungal pathogens, including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Cryphonectria parasitica, Fusarium oxysporum, Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Trichophyton rubrum, was isolated from surface-sterilized Catharanthus roseus stems. Preliminary identification showed that Streptomyces cinnamoneus subsp. sparsus was its closest related species. However, strain TS3RO could readily be distinguished from this species using a combination of phenotypic properties, 16S rDNA sequence similarity, and phylogenetic analyses. Thus, the whorl-forming Streptomyces sp. strain TS3RO is likely a new subspecies within the Streptomyces cinnamoneus group. Direct bioautography on a thin-layer chromatography plate with Cladosporium cucumerinum was conducted throughout the purification steps for bioassay-guided isolation of the active antifungal compounds from the crude extract. Structural elucidation of the isolated bioactive compound was obtained via LC-MS spectrometry, UV-visible spectra, and nuclear magnetic resonance data. It revealed that fungichromin, a known methylpentaene macrolide antibiotic, was the main antifungal component of TS3RO strain, as shown by thin-layer chromatography bioautography. This is the first report of an endophytic whorl-forming Streptomyces isolated from the medically important plant Catharanthus roseus.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de microbiologie et de standardisation des médicaments, Institut malgache de recherches appliquées, B.P. 3833, Avarabohitra, Antananarivo, Madagascar. erickfrancisco_rakouth@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Erick Francisco
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Rakotoniriana
authors.forename: Gabrielle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chataigné
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raoelison
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rabemanantsoa
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Munaut
authors.forename: Mondher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Jaziri
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urveg-Ratsimamanga
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marchand-Brynaert
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Corbisier
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Declerck
authors.forename: Joëlle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quetin-Leclercq
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D030008:Catharanthus / Q000382:microbiology*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005285:Fermentation; D018942:Macrolides / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D011090:Polyenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018942:Macrolides; D011090:Polyenes; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C011827:fungichromin