title: Expression of microRNAs in basal cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perturbations in the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported for a variety of different cancers. Differentially expressed miRNAs have not been systematically evaluated in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To initiate a microarray-based miRNA profiling study to identify specific miRNA candidates that are differentially expressed in BCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with BCC (n = 7) were included in this study. Punch biopsies were harvested from the tumour centre (lesional, n = 7) and from adjacent nonlesional skin (intraindividual control, n = 7). Microarray-based miRNA expression profiles were obtained on an Agilent platform using miRBase 16 screening for 1205 Homo sapiens (hsa)-miRNA candidates. To validate the microarray data, the expression of seven dysregulated miRNAs was measured by TaqMan quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 16 significantly upregulated (hsa-miR-17, hsa-miR-18a, hsa-miR-18b, hsa-miR-19b, hsa-miR-19b-1*, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-106b, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-130a, hsa-miR-181c, hsa-miR-181c*, hsa-miR-181d, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-455-5p and hsa-miR-542-5p) and 10 significantly downregulated (hsa-miR-29c, hsa-miR-29c*, hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-140-3p, hsa-miR-145, hsa-miR-378, hsa-miR-572, hsa-miR-638, hsa-miR-2861 and hsa-miR-3196) miRNAs in BCC compared with nonlesional skin. Data mining revealed connections to many tumour-promoting pathways, such as the Hedgehog and the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signalling cascades.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study identified several miRNA candidates that may play a role in the molecular pathogenesis of BCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany. michael.sand@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skrygan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Georgas
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gambichler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Altmeyer
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Bechara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm