title: Poly D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid-liposome encapsulated ODN on innate immunity in Epinephelus bruneus against Vibrio alginolyticus.
abstract: The efficacy of poly D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-liposome (L) encapsulated oligodeoxynucleotides with unmethylated deoxycytidyl-deoxyguanosine motifs (CpG-ODNs) on innate and adaptive immune response and disease resistance in kelp grouper (Epinephelus bruneus) against Vibrio alginolyticus at weeks 1, 2, and 4 is reported. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), respiratory burst, and lysozyme activities significantly increased in E. bruneus when immunized with ODN, PLGA+ODN, L+ODN, and PLGA+L+ODN on weeks 2 and 4. The serum complement activity was significantly enhanced with L+ODN and PLGA+L+ODN on week 1 while it increased with PLGA+ODN, L+ODN, and PLGA+L+ODN on weeks 2 and 4. The antibody titre consistently was increased with PLGA or L encapsulated with ODN (PLGA+ODN, L+ODN, and PLGA+L+ODN) from weeks 1 to 4. The cumulative mortality was 20% each in PLGA+ODN administered groups and 15% each in ODN, L+ODN, and PLGA+L+ODN groups during a period of 30 days. The present study suggests that PLGA-liposome encapsulated ODN has the potential to modulate the immune system and can serve as a useful tool for further design of immunoprophylatic nano drug formulations against bacterial diseases.
authors.affiliation: Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Lab, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences & Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea. rhari123@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ramasamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harikrishnan
authors.forename: Chellam
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balasundaram
authors.forename: Moon-Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Heo
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001492:Bass / Q000276:immunology*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008081:Liposomes; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D016897:Respiratory Burst; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D044149:Vibrio alginolyticus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D008081:Liposomes; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D009113:Muramidase