title: Characterization and expression analysis of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase cDNA from Chironomus riparius on exposure to cadmium.
abstract: Phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) is an antioxidant enzyme in the glutathione peroxidases (GPx) family that reduces hydroperoxides of phospholipids and maintains the integrity of biomembranes. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a full length cDNA of PHGPx from the ecotoxicologically important aquatic midge Chironomus riparius (CrPHGPx1) from the Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) database generated through pyrosequencing. The 837 base pair (bp) cDNA contained an open reading frame of 597 bp, and a 75 bp 5' and a 159 bp 3'untranslated region. The theoretical molecular mass of the deduced amino acid (aa) sequence (197 aa) was 22.40 kDa with an estimated pI of 8.77. The Cys-codon was present at residue 74 and also the active site residues Gln(91) and Trp(164). The active-site motifs and GPx family signature motifs LAFPCNQF(101-108) and WNFTK(163-168) were also found. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CrPHGPx1 is grouped with PHGPx1 from other species and is more closely related to insects belonging to the dipteran order. The mRNA of CrPHGPx1 was detected in larvae, pupae and adults. The expression of CrPHGPx1 is induced by cadmium exposure indicating that the mRNA expression of CrPHGPx1 is differently regulated in response to oxidative stress caused by environmental stressors.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Energy and Environmental System Engineering, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-743, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Prakash M Gopalakrishnan
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jinhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002683:Chironomidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D000080662:Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D002104:Cadmium; D000080662:Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase