title: Highly undersampled phase-contrast flow measurements using compartment-based k-t principal component analysis.
abstract: The applicability of cine blood flow measurements in a clinical setting is often compromised by the long scan times associated with phase-contrast imaging. In this work, we propose an extension to the k-t principal component analysis method and demonstrate that by definition of spatial compartment-dependent temporal basis functions, significant improvements in reconstruction accuracy can be achieved relative to the original k-t principal component analysis and k-t SENSE formulations. Using this method, it is shown that prospective nominal undersampling of up to 16 corresponding to a net acceleration factor of 8 including training data acquisition can be realized while keeping the error in stroke volume below 5%. As a practical application, the acquisition of cine flow data in the aorta is demonstrated permitting assessment of two-dimensional velocity images and pulse wave velocities at 100 frames per second in a single breathhold per slice.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. giese@biomed.ee.ethz.ch
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giese
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schaeffter
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kozerke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D001011:Aorta / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012212:Rheology / Q000379:methods*; D018401:Sample Size; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity