title: Novel therapies in glioblastoma.
abstract: Conventional treatment of glioblastoma has advanced only incrementally in the last 30 years and still yields poor outcomes. The current strategy of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy has increased median survival to approximately 15 months. With the advent of molecular biology and consequent improved understanding of basic tumor biology, targeted therapies have become cornerstones for cancer treatment. Many pathways (RTKs, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, angiogenesis, etc.) have been identified in GBM as playing major roles in tumorigenesis, treatment resistance, or natural history of disease. Despite the growing understanding of the complex networks regulating GBM tumors, many targeted therapies have fallen short of expectations. In this paper, we will discuss novel therapies and the successes and failures that have occurred. One clear message is that monotherapies yield minor results, likely due to functionally redundant pathways. A better understanding of underlying tumor biology may yield insights into optimal targeting strategies which could improve the overall therapeutic ratio of conventional treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Richard L. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guiou
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Errett
authors.forename: Arnab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakravarti