title: Comparison of postoperative pain and satisfaction after dacryocystorhinostomy in patients operated on under local and general anesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There has been only 1 study on postoperative pain after external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) that compared pain between 2 groups of patients; 1 group received local anesthesia and the other received general anesthesia. To further characterize the relationship between these 2 types of anesthesia and postoperative pain, we designed a study in which a single patient received these 2 different anesthesia modalities for a short interval on 2 different sides.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 50 participants in this study. External DCR was performed on the same participant on both sides using local anesthesia on 1 side and general anesthesia on the other. Postoperative pain was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and localization and timing of pain were reported by the participants. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were documented if present.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pain levels were significantly higher with general anesthesia 3 hours post-surgery, and 6 hours post-surgery the pain remains higher following general anesthesia but is borderline insignificant (p=0.051). However, 12 hours post-surgery, there is no significant difference in the pain level (p=0.240). There was no significant difference in the localization of pain with local and general anesthesia. Postoperative nausea is significantly more frequent after general anesthesia, and vomiting only occurs with general anesthesia. Local anesthesia was preferred by 94% of the participants (47 out of 50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The vast majority of patients in our study who have undergone both GA and LA DCR would choose LA again, providing a compelling case for use of the LA technique.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia. knelemik@gmail.com
authors.forename: Miroslav M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Knežević
authors.forename: Gordana P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Vlajković
authors.forename: Milenko Ž
authors.initials: MŽ
authors.lastname: Stojković
authors.forename: Dejan M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rašić
authors.forename: Branislav R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Stanković
authors.forename: Marija M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Božić
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy; D006801:Humans; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies