title: Sialyllactose in viral membrane gangliosides is a novel molecular recognition pattern for mature dendritic cell capture of HIV-1.
abstract: HIV-1 is internalized into mature dendritic cells (mDCs) via an as yet undefined mechanism with subsequent transfer of stored, infectious virus to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Thus, HIV-1 subverts a DC antigen capture mechanism to promote viral spread. Here, we show that gangliosides in the HIV-1 membrane are the key molecules for mDC uptake. HIV-1 virus-like particles and liposomes mimicking the HIV-1 lipid composition were shown to use a common internalization pathway and the same trafficking route within mDCs. Hence, these results demonstrate that gangliosides can act as viral attachment factors, in addition to their well known function as cellular receptors for certain viruses. Furthermore, the sialyllactose molecule present in specific gangliosides was identified as the determinant moiety for mDC HIV-1 uptake. Thus, sialyllactose represents a novel molecular recognition pattern for mDC capture, and may be crucial both for antigen presentation leading to immunity against pathogens and for succumbing to subversion by HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Research Institute IrsiCaixa, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain. nizquierdo@irsicaixa.es
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Izquierdo-Useros
authors.forename: Maier
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorizate
authors.forename: F-Xabier
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Plata
authors.forename: Bärbel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Itziar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Erkizia
authors.forename: Julia G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fabriàs
authors.forename: Hans-Georg
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kräusslich
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martinez-Picado
mesh_terms: D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007785:Lactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D053585:Virus Attachment; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D005732:Gangliosides; D008081:Liposomes; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D012794:Sialic Acids; C050629:viral envelope lipids; C000020:N-acetylneuraminoyllactose; D007785:Lactose