title: [Optimization and assessment of a reverse hybridization system for the detection of HBV drug-resistant mutations].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a detection method for HBV drug-resistant mutations related to lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir by optimization and assessment of reverse hybridization system.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 degenerated probes covering 10 drug-resistant hotspots of 3 drugs were synthesized and immobilized on the same positively charged nylon membrane. PCR products labeled with digoxigenin were hybridized with corresponding probes. To improve the sensitivity and specificity, 4 reaction steps of reverse hybridization were optimized including the number of labeled digoxigenin, the energy intensity of UV cross-linking, hybridization and stringency wash conditions. To prove the feasibility, the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of this system were assessed respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitive and specific results are obtained by the optimization of the following 4 reaction steps: the primers labeled with 3 digoxigenin, energy intensity of UV cross-linking for 1500 x 0.1 mJ/cm², hybridization at 42 degrees C and stringency wash with 0.5 x SSC and 0.1% SDS solution at 44 degrees C for 30 min. In the assessment of system, the majority of probes have high specificity. The quantity of PCR product with a concentration of 10 ng/μl or above can be detected by this method. The concordant rate between reverse hybridization and direct sequencing is 93.9% in the clinical sample test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Though the specificity of several probes needs to be improved further, it is a simple, rapid and sensitive method which can detect HBV resistant mutations related to lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir simultaneously. Due to the short distance between 180 and 181, likewise 202 and 204, the sequence of the same probe covers two codon positions, and hybridization will be interfered by each other. To avoid such interference, the possible solution is that probes are designed by arranging and combining various forms of two near codons.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Yan-chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ai-long
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jie-li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Guo-qi
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Wen-lu
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D009154:Mutation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral