title: One-stage cleft repair outcome at age 6- to 18-years -- a comparison to the Eurocleft study data.
abstract: The optimisation of the relation between quality of outcome and burden of care is difficult in the treatment of cleft lip and palate. We analysed long-term outcome after one-stage repair of clefts to assess the benefits and limitations of this form of treatment. Thirty-three patients aged 6-18 years who had had lip repair, two-flap palatoplasty, and corticocancellous alveolar bone grafts at 6 months of age were divided into three age groups (6-11, 12-14, and 15-18 years) and compared with mean outcome data from the Eurocleft centres and with cephalometric standards of healthy people. Fifteen of the 33 patients were assessed for nasalance. Maxillary protrusion (SNA) and intermaxillary relation (ANB) in the one-stage groups differed significantly from those of healthy people, but not from corresponding means in the Eurocleft study. In 61% the Bergland score for alveolar ossification was grade I or II, and in 15% it was grade III; 24% had secondary alveolar bone grafting. No palatal fistulas occurred and nasalance did not differ significantly from that of healthy controls. As each patient generally had a primary operation and one secondary procedure, they benefited from half the number of surgical steps of multistage procedures. However, one-stage procedures led to significant disturbance in growth, but the degree of this was similar to mean values of multistage procedures in the Eurocleft study. Primary alveolar bone grafting led to inconsistent alveolar ossification and was suspected to interfere with anterior maxillary growth so it has been abandoned.
authors.affiliation: Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. anmueller@uhbs.ch
authors.forename: Andreas A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Irin
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zschokke
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hockenjos
authors.forename: Hans-Florian
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Zeilhofer
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwenzer-Zimmerer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000601:surgery*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000254:growth & development*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome