title: Microvesicles released from hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells facilitate mouse pre-osteoblast differentiation.
abstract: Bone metastasis is often occurs in patients with prostate cancer. There is a vicious cycle for bone metastases involving prostate cancer cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Acting among those cells during the process of metastasis are several molecules such as bone morphogenetic proteins, platelet-derived growth factor, endothelin-1, matrix metalloproteases, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, and insulin-like growth factors. Cell-derived microvesicles are endogenous carriers transporting proteins, mRNAs and miRNAs between cells, which is a candidate for participation in the bone metastasis of these cells. Here, we demonstrated that prostate cancer cells in vitro released microvesicles into the culture medium (PCa-MVs), which was shown by electron microscopic study and nanoparticle tracking analysis. In this study, we found for the first time that these PCa-MVs enhanced osteoblast differentiation mainly through the delivery of PCa cell-derived v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1, which is an osteoblast differentiation related-transcriptional factor.
authors.affiliation: Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohtsuki
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsukamasa
authors.forename: Nami
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naoe
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D012333:RNA, Messenger