title: A controlled trial of a nurse follow-up dietary intervention on maintaining a heart-healthy dietary pattern among patients after myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Post-myocardial infarction (MI) survivors are at a higher risk of coronary events. Therapeutic lifestyle changes, including dietary modification, have been emphasized as the cornerstone of secondary prevention. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a nurse follow-up dietary intervention (NFDI) on post-MI patients' dietary behavioral change (primary outcome) and blood lipid levels (secondary outcome).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 82 post-MI subjects with borderline dyslipidemia were recruited and randomly allocated to a control group or an intervention group (IG) (n = 41/group). The control group received conventional care and attended a heart health dietary class. The IG received, in addition, a structured 8-week NFDI (including a face-to-face consultation session, a take-home self-management workbook, and fortnightly telephone follow-ups). Data were collected at 3 time points: baseline (T0), 1-week posttest (T1), 3-month posttest (T2). The effect of the intervention was assessed by a self-report questionnaire and blood tests. T test and time-by-group analysis of variance with repeated-measures analysis of variance were used. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant positive dietary changes were found among participants of the IG in reduced intake of saturated fat (F = 22.48, P < .001) and salted/preserved food (F = 13.58, P < .001) and increased intake of heart-healthy food (vegetables, fruit, nuts, and whole grains) (F = 40.88, P < .001). Although the results of secondary outcomes, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were not statistically significant, the high-density lipoprotein trend was in the expected direction for the IG (F = 8.982, P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study found positive changes in dietary behavior and an increase in high-density lipoprotein level from participants who undertook the NFDI for self-management in dietary modification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Vincent K F
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.forename: Janet W H
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Sit
authors.forename: Alice S M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Sek Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chair
authors.forename: Tak Lai
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Chung-seung
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chiang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000628:therapy; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D057194:Intention to Treat Analysis; D008019:Life Style; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008370:Manuals as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000451:nursing* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D012648:Self Care
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids