title: Urinary chemokines and anti-inflammatory molecules in renal transplanted patients as potential biomarkers of graft function: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clinical- and histopathology-based scores are the limited predictors of allograft outcome. Thus, predictors of allograft survival still remain a challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the urinary levels of chemokines and anti-inflammatory molecules at 30, 90, and 300 days after renal transplantation and to further correlate these measurements to graft function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary levels of MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1α/CCL3, RANTES/CCL5, IL-8/CXCL8, IP-10/CXCL10, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1, and receptor-2 were determined at 30, 90, and 300 days after renal transplantation in 22 patients. Transplanted patients were also divided according to the type of donor (living donor, LD, n = 13 or deceased donor, DD, n = 9).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary levels of all molecules, except MIP-1α/CCL3, remained unchanged at 30, 90, and 300 days after transplantation in our 22 patients. MIP-1α/CCL3 levels significantly reduced from 30 to 300 days and showed a negative correlation with GFR at 30 days. The comparison between LD and DD groups showed similar levels of all markers, except for MCP-1/CCL2, which presented higher values in LD than in DD at 30 days. sTNFR1 and MCP-1/CCL2 significantly reduced from 30 to 300 days in LD group, but only sTNFR2 concentrations at 30 days were negatively correlated with GFR at 300 days. On the other hand, in DD group, IL-1Ra concentrations at 30 and at 90 days were positively correlated with GFR at 300 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary chemokine and anti-inflammatory molecules measurements may be a promising tool in the follow-up of renal transplanted patients.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG 30130-100, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Barreto
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Antônio Lúcio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Nilton Alves
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Rezende
authors.forename: Regina Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Débora Marques
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Eduardo Araujo
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Mauro M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Simões E Silva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000652:urine; D054405:Chemokine CCL3 / Q000652:urine; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000652:urine; D018925:Chemokines / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000652:urine; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000652:urine; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000652:urine; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000652:urine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D018925:Chemokines; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D016209:Interleukin-8; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II