title: Outcomes of squamous cell cancer of the oral tongue managed at the Princess Margaret Hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes and treatment in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral tongue, as well as validate previously reported predictors of survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 259 patients treated with curative intent between 1994 and 2004. Kaplan-Meier estimates, log-rank test, and Cox regression models were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred fifty-nine patients were managed with surgery; 67 patients (25%) received adjuvant radiotherapy. Mean follow-up was 60 months. The 5-year local and regional control rates were 78% and 69.4%, respectively. The 5-year overall, disease-specific, and recurrence-free survival rates were 69%, 70.9%, and 53%, respectively. The only significant predictor of both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) on multivariable analysis was pathologic N classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of early tongue SCC effectively achieves local control and DFS. Nodal disease remains to be 1 of the most important prognostic factors in terms of recurrence and survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Wharton Head and Neck Program, University Health Network, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. david.goldstein@uhn.on.ca
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Gideon Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Bachar
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lea
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Shrime
authors.forename: Rajan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gullane
authors.forename: Dale H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Ralph W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waldron
authors.forename: Bayardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perez-Ordonez
authors.forename: Aileen M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Irish
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult