title: Microcomputed tomography analysis of particular autogenous bone graft in sinus augmentation at 5 months: differences on bone mineral density and 3D trabecular structure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the effects of gender on the three-dimensional (3D) bone mineral density (BMD) and micromorphology of the trabeculae of matured autogenous bone grafts after sinus floor augmentation, and compared them to those of adjacent native bone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten bone biopsy samples were removed from the implant placement areas of patients who had received second-stage sinus floor augmentation, and analyzed by microcomputed tomography. BMD phantoms with two calcium hydroxyapatite densities (0.25 and 0.75 g/cm(3)) were used to determine the BMD of the grafted and native bone samples. The 3D structural parameters of the trabeculae, including percentage of bone volume (bone volume/tissue volume, BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number, trabecular separation, trabecular pattern factor (Tb.Pf), and structure model index, were analyzed between males and females and between grafted bone and native bone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant gender-specific differences in BMD and 3D trabecular structure of either native or grafted bone were found (P > 0.05). Compared to the adjacent native bone, the autogenous grafted bone exhibited lower BV/TV and Tb.Th as well as a higher Tb.Pf (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was a weak positive correlation between the Tb.Th values of grafted and native bone (R (2) = 0.58).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the maxillary sinus, autogenous grafted bone exhibited lower BV/TV, Tb.Th, and trabecular connectivity than the adjacent native bone. No significant gender-specific differences were found for either the BMD or 3D trabecular structure of grafted bone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After bone remodeling, autogenous grafted bone revealed different 3D trabecular structure as compared to native bone.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, 40402, Taichung, Taiwan. henleyh@gmail.com
authors.forename: Heng-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jui-Ting
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Michael Y C
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ching-Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yu-Fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kuan-Ting
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D064592:Autografts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012737:Sex Factors; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite