title: Physical activity during pregnancy and risk of hyperglycemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the association between moderate and vigorous physical activities (MVPA) during midpregnancy and the risk of hyperglycemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were from 1437 pregnant women. Frequency, duration, and intensity of MVPA during the previous 7 days were collected via questionnaire at 17-22 weeks' gestation. Modes of MVPA included work, recreation, transportation, caregiving, and indoor and outdoor household activities. Hyperglycemia was defined as a glucose concentration ≥130 mg/dL on a 1-hour, 50-g glucose challenge test or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) assessed at ~27 weeks' gestation. Multivariable Poisson regression estimated risks of hyperglycemia associated with total and mode-specific MVPA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 269 women (18.7%) with hyperglycemia. Any metabolic equivalent (MET) hours/week of recreational MVPA was associated with a 27% lower risk of hyperglycemia (adjusted relative risk, [aRR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.54-0.99). Multiplicative interaction terms were significant for prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and recreational MVPA (p=0.01). Among women with prepregnancy BMI <25 kg/m(2), recreational MVPA was associated with a 48% lower risk of hyperglycemia (aRR 0.52, 95%CI 0.33-0.83) compared to women who reported none. There was no association of hyperglycemia and recreational MVPA among women with prepregnancy BMI <25 kg/m(2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recreational MVPA during pregnancy is associated with a lower risk of hyperglycemia, specifically among women with prepregnancy BMI <25 kg/m(2). Further research is warranted to determine recommended amounts and intensities of physical activity and to discern whether there are differences in the effects of physical activity between specific modes of physical activity or among subgroups of women in relation to hyperglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. andrea.deierlein@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Andrea L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Deierlein
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Siega-Riz
authors.forename: Kelly R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Evenson
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009657:North Carolina / Q000453:epidemiology; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D037841:Pregnant People / Q000523:psychology*; D011998:Recreation / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose