title: The preventive effect of garlicin on a porcine model of myocardial infarction reperfusion no-reflow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether garlicin can prevent reperfusion no-reflow in a catheter-based porcine model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two male Chinese mini swines were randomized into 3 groups: sham-operation group (n=6), control group (n=8), and garlicin group (n=8). The distal part of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in swines of the latter two groups was completely occluded by dilated balloon for 2 h and a successful AMI model was confirmed by coronary angiography (CAG) and electrocardiograph (ECG), which was then reperfused for 3 h. In the sham-operation group, balloon was placed in LAD without dilatation. Garlicin at a dosage of 1.88 mg/kg was injected 10 min before LAD occlusion until reperfusion for 1 h in the garlicin group. To assess serial cardiac function, hemodynamic data were examined by catheter method before AMI, 2 h after occlusion and 1, 2, and 3 h after reperfusion. Myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and double staining with Evans blue and thioflavin-S were performed to evaluate myocardial no-reflow area (NRA) and risk area (RA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Left ventricular systolic pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure significantly improved in the garlicin group after reperfusion compared with the control group P<0.05) and 2 h after AMI (P<0.05). MCE showed garlicin decreased reperfusion NRA after AMI compared with the control group (P <0.05). In double staining, NRA/RA in the garlicin group was 18.78%, significantly lower than that of the control group (49.84%, P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Garlicin has a preventive effect on the porcine model of myocardial infarction reperfusion no-reflow by improving hemodynamics and decreasing NRA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
authors.forename: Jia-hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ai-li
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zai-xiang
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yuan-nan
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.forename: Xian-lun
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003287:Contrast Media; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004220:Disulfides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D054318:No-Reflow Phenomenon / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000498:Allyl Compounds; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D004220:Disulfides; D013844:Thiazoles; C009462:thioflavin T; C028009:diallyl disulfide