title: Differential effects of environmental chemicals and food contaminants on adipogenesis, biomarker release and PPARγ activation.
abstract: Eleven environmental relevant chemicals were investigated for their ability to affect adipogenesis in vitro, biomarker release from adipocytes and PPARα and γ activation. We found that butylparaben stimulated adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and increased release of leptin, adiponectin and resistin from the cells. Butylparaben activated PPARγ as well, which may be a mediator of the adipogenic effect. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)153 also stimulate adipogenesis and biomarker release, but did not affect PPARs. The data indicates that PPARγ activating chemicals often stimulate adipocyte differentiation although PPARγ activation is neither a requirement nor a guarantee for stimulation. Four out of the eleven chemicals (bisphenol A, mono-ethylhexyl phthalate, butylparaben, PCB 153) caused increased adipogenesis. The release of adipocyte-secreted hormones was sometimes but not always correlated with the effect on adipocyte differentiation. Eight chemicals were able to cause increased leptin release. These findings strengthen the hypothesis that chemicals can interfere with pathways related to obesity development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Taxvig
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dreisig
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boberg
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nellemann
authors.forename: Ane Blicher
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Schelde
authors.forename: Dorthe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boergesen
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandrup
authors.forename: Anne Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Vinggaard
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D052243:Resistin / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D020738:Leptin; D047493:PPAR alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma; D052243:Resistin