title: Transcript profiling of CD16-positive monocytes reveals a unique molecular fingerprint.
abstract: CD16-positive (CD14(++) CD16(+)  and CD14(+) CD16(++) ) monocytes have unique features with respect to phenotype and function. We have used transcriptional profiling for comparison of CD16-positive monocytes and classical monocytes. We show herein that 187 genes are greater than fivefold differentially expressed, including 90 genes relevant to immune response and inflammation. Hierarchical clustering of data for monocyte subsets and CD1c(+)  myeloid blood dendritic cells (DCs) demonstrate that CD16-positive cells are more closely related to classical monocytes than to DCs. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for ten genes with the strongest differential expression confirmed the pattern including a lower messenger RNA level for CD14, CD163, and versican in CD16-positive monocytes. The pattern was similar for CD16-positive monocytes at rest and after exercise mobilization from the marginal pool. By contrast, alveolar macrophages, small sputum macrophages, breast milk macrophages, and synovial macrophages all showed a different pattern. When monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were generated from CD16-positive monocytes by culture with macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vitro, then the MDMs maintained properties of their progeny with lower expression of CD14, CD163, and versican compared with CD14(++) CD16(-)  MDMs. Furthermore, CD16-positive MDMs showed a higher phagocytosis for opsonized Escherichia coli. The data demonstrate that CD16-positive monocytes form a distinct type of cell, which gives rise to a distinct macrophage phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ludwig-Maximilians University and Asklepios Fachklinik Gauting, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frankenberger
authors.forename: Thomas P J
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: Ayman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marei
authors.forename: Farshid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dayyani
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schewe
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Strasser
authors.forename: Asaad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aldraihim
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stanzel
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Prazeres da Costa
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buch
authors.forename: Loems
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ziegler-Heitbrock
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D017452:Receptors, IgG