title: Effects of fatigue on running mechanics associated with tibial stress fracture risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of progressive fatigue on the parameters of running mechanics previously associated with tibial stress fracture risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one trained male distance runners performed three sets (Pre, Mid, and Post) of six overground running trials at 4.5 m.s(-1) (± 5%). Kinematic and kinetic data were collected during each trial using a 12-camera motion capture system, force platform, and head and leg accelerometers. Between tests, each runner ran on a treadmill for 20 min at their corresponding lactate threshold (LT) speed. Perceived exertion levels (RPE) were recorded at the third and last minute of each treadmill run.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RPE scores increased from 11.8 ± 1.3 to 14.4 ± 1.5 at the end of the first LT run and then further to 17.4 ± 1.6 by the end of the second LT run. Peak rearfoot eversion, peak axial head acceleration, peak free moment and vertical force loading rates were shown to increase (P < 0.05) with moderate-large effect sizes during the progression from Pre to Post tests, although vertical impact peak and peak axial tibial acceleration were not significantly affected by the high-intensity running bouts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previously identified risk factors for impact-related injuries (such as tibial stress fracture) are modified with fatigue. Because fatigue is associated with a reduced tolerance for impact, these findings lend support to the importance of those measures to identify individuals at risk of injury from lower limb impact loading during running.
authors.affiliation: Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, Co Antrim, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. clansey-a@email.ulster.ac.uk
authors.forename: Adam C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Clansey
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanlon
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lake
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015775:Fractures, Stress / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D012306:Risk; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D013977:Tibia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid