title: All-cause gastroenteritis and rotavirus-coded hospitalizations among US children, 2000-2009.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rotavirus vaccine was recommended for US infants in 2006. We estimated baseline prevaccine burden and monitored postvaccine trends in gastroenteritis-coded and rotavirus-coded hospitalizations among US children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from the State Inpatient Databases (SID) for 29-44 US states over a 10-year period (2000-2009) to calculate gastroenteritis and rotavirus-coded hospitalization rates by age group, sex, and region, among children <5 years of age. By extrapolating observed pre- and postvaccine gastroenteritis hospitalization rates to the US population <5 years and based on the 2009 cost of a diarrhea hospitalization, we estimated national reductions in diarrhea hospitalizations and associated treatment costs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevaccine (2000-2006) annual average gastroenteritis-coded hospitalization rate among children <5 years of age was 74 per 10,000 (annual range, 71-82 per 10,000), and declined to 51 and 50 per 10,000 in 2008 and 2009, respectively (P < .001). The prevaccine (2000-2006) annual average rotavirus-coded hospitalization rate among children <5 years of age was 15 per 10,000 (annual range, 13-18 per 10,000), and declined to 5 and 6 per 10,000 in 2008 and 2009, respectively (P < .001). The decreases in rotavirus-coded hospitalization rates in 2008 and 2009 compared with rates in prevaccine years were observed among all age groups and US regions. Nationally, during 2008 and 2009 combined, we estimated a reduction of approximately 77,000 diarrhea hospitalizations and approximately $242 million in hospital costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since implementation of the US rotavirus vaccination program, a marked reduction in diarrhea hospitalizations and related hospital charges has occurred among US children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. rdesai1@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Rishi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Aaron T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Curns
authors.forename: Claudia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Jacqueline E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tate
authors.forename: Manish M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Umesh D
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Parashar
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D032541:Mass Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines