title: Current status of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in Japan and other Asian countries: progressing towards technical standardization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary purpose of this questionnaire survey study was to determine the current status of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in specialized Japanese referral centers before and after introduction of a government-approved advanced medical treatment system; and, secondly, to determine the current status of colorectal ESD in other Asian specialized referral centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1321 colorectal ESDs were performed in 11 institutions including two Asian centers outside Japan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall en-bloc resection, curative resection, R0 resection, perforation, delayed bleeding and emergency surgery rates were 95.4%, 89.1%, 87.2%, 2.9%, 2.5% and 0.2%, respectively. Similar clinical results were reported in the two Asian centers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no significant differences with regards to clinical results between the two periods although the perforation rate decreased from 3.3% to 2.4%. In addition, colorectal ESD has become increasingly standardized technically at specialized referral centers not only in Japan, but several other Asian referral institutions as well.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. ytsaito@ncc.go.jp
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohata
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Kinichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Kiyoaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uraoka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisabe
authors.forename: Dong Kyung
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ping-Hong
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004210:Dissection / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000601:surgery; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult