title: FOXO1 expression and regulation in endometrial tissue during the menstrual cycle and in early pregnancy decidua.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine FOXO1 (forkhead box O1) expression in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle and decidua of early pregnancy, as well as FOXO1 regulation in endometrial stromal cells (ESC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blot analyses evaluated cellular localization and altered FOXO1 expression in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle and decidua of early pregnancy (proliferative phase, n = 12; early-secretory phase, n = 7; mid-secretory phase, n = 10; late-secretory phase, n = 10; early pregnancy, n = 12). Using RT-qPCR and Western blot, we studied the regulation of FOXO1 by 8-bromo-cAMP, 4-pregnene-3,20-dione, 17β-estradiol, and human chorionic gonadotrophin in ESC (n = 5).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression level of FOXO1 in human endometrial tissue fluctuated with the menstrual cycle. If pregnancy occurred, the expression of FOXO1 was further increased (p < 0.05) and cAMP regulated FOXO1 expression in ESC. In addition, 4-pregnene-3,20-dione cooperatively stimulated FOXO1 expression with cAMP. We also observed FOXO1 expression during in vitro cAMP-induced decidualization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of FOXO1 expression suggests a potential role for FOXO1 in implantation and decidualization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, The West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, PR China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Shang-wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei-hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Qian-hong
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: San
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003656:Decidua / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011374:Progesterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C485330:4-pregnene-3,20-dione; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol