title: Periodontal regeneration using an injectable bone cement combined with BMP-2 or FGF-2.
abstract: Periodontitis is a frequently diagnosed oral disease characterized by bone resorption and soft tissue loss around teeth. Unfortunately, currently available therapies only slow or arrest progress of the disease. Ideally, treatment of periodontal defects should be focused on complete regeneration of the lost tissues [(bone and periodontal ligament (PDL)]. As a result, this study used intrabony defects to evaluate the regenerative potential of an injectable macroporous calcium phosphate cement (CaP) in combination with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) or fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). After creating 30 periodontal defects in 15 Wistar rats, three treatment strategies were conducted: application of CaP only, CaP + BMP-2 and CaP + FGF-2. Animals were euthanized after 12 weeks and processed for histology and histomorphometry. Using CaP alone resulted in limited effects on PDL and bone healing. CaP + BMP-2 showed a good response for bone healing; a significant 2.4 fold increase in bone healing score was observed compared to CaP. However, for PDL healing, CaP + BMP-2 treatment showed no difference compared to the CaP group. The best results were observed with the combined treatment of CaP + FGF-2, which showed a significant 3.3 fold increase in PDL healing score compared to CaP + BMP-2 and a significant 2.6 fold increase compared to CaP. For bone healing, CaP +  FGF-2 showed a significant 1.9 fold increase compared to CaP but no significant difference was noted compared to the CaP + BMP-2 group. The combination of a topical application of FGF-2 and an injectable CaP seems to be a promising treatment modality for periodontal regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Daniël A W
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Oortgiesen
authors.forename: X Frank
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Walboomers
authors.forename: Antonius L J J
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bronckers
authors.forename: Gert J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000737:chemistry; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism; D010519:Periodontium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D019946:Propylene Glycol / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012038:Regeneration
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D001843:Bone Cements; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D019946:Propylene Glycol; C020243:calcium phosphate