title: Prevention of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats using acetylcysteine after anesthesia with isoflurane.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine, as a renoprotective agent, when administered early after anesthesia induction, against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats anesthetized with isoflurane.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen male Wistar rats weighing > 300 g were anesthetized with isoflurane. The internal jugular vein and the left carotid artery were dissected and cannulated. The animals were randomly divided into GAcetyl, receiving intravenous N-acetylcysteine, 300 mg/kg, and GIsot, isotonic saline. After 30 minutes, right nephrectomy was performed and the left renal artery was clamped during 45 minutes. The animals were sacrificed after 48 hours and blood samples were taken after anesthetic induction and upon sacrificing of the animals to evaluate blood creatinine. The kidneys were sent for histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The variation in serum creatinine was 2.33 mg/dL ± 2.21 in GAcetyl and 4.38 mg/dL ± 2.13 in GIsot (p=0.074). Two animals presented intense tubular necrosis in GAcetyl, compared to 5 in GIsot. Only GAcetyl presented animals free of tubular necrosis (two) and tubular degeneration (one).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After renal ischemia/reperfusion, the rats which were given N-acetylcysteine presented less variation in serum creatinine and milder kidney injuries than the control group.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Anesthesiology, BSM, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: André Marques
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mansano
authors.forename: Pedro Thadeu Galvão
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Vianna
authors.forename: Viciany Erique
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Fabris
authors.forename: Leopoldo Muniz da
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Leandro Gobbo
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Yara Marcondes Machado
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Castiglia
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D007530:Isoflurane; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D003404:Creatinine; D007530:Isoflurane; D000111:Acetylcysteine