title: Serum vaspin concentrations are closely related to insulin resistance, and rs77060950 at SERPINA12 genetically defines distinct group with higher serum levels in Japanese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vaspin is an adipokine with insulin-sensitizing effects identified from visceral adipose tissues of genetically obese rats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated genetic and nongenetic factors that define serum concentrations of vaspin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vaspin levels were measured with RIA in Japanese subjects with normal fasting plasma glucose (NFG; n = 259) and type 2 diabetes patients (T2D; n = 275). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at SERPINA12 (vaspin) gene locus were discovered, and five SNP were genotyped in the subjects with varied body mass index (n = 1138).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of serum vaspin in 93% of the samples was found to vary from 0.2 to nearly 2 ng/ml in NFG subjects (n = 259) and from 0.2 to nearly 3 ng/ml in T2D patients (n = 275) (Vaspin(Low) group), whereas a significant subpopulation (7%) in both groups displayed much higher levels of 10-40 ng/ml (Vaspin(High) group). In the Vaspin(Low) group, serum vaspin levels in T2D were significantly higher than healthy subjects (0.99 ± 0.04 vs. 0.86 ± 0.02 ng/ml; P < 0.01). Both in T2D and genotyped Japanese population, serum vaspin levels closely correlated with homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance rather than anthropometric parameters. By genotyping, rs77060950 tightly linked to serum vaspin levels, i.e. CC (0.6 ± 0.4 ng/ml), CA (18.4 ± 9.6 ng/ml), and AA (30.5 ± 5.1 ng/ml) (P < 2 × 10(-16)). Putative GATA-2 and GATA-3 binding consensus site was found at rs77060950.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum vaspin levels were related to insulin resistance, and higher levels of serum vaspin in 7% of the Japanese population are closely linked to minor allele sequence (A) of rs77060950.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teshigawara
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hida
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanzaki
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terami
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iseda
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyatake
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Kikuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000502:physiology; D011153:Population; D015843:Serpins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C507339:SERPINA12 protein, human; D015843:Serpins