title: Experimental infection of Fusarium proliferatum in Oryza sativa plants; fumonisin B1 production and survival rate in grains.
abstract: Fusarium proliferatum is a plant pathogenic fungus associated with crops such as asparagus and corn, and it possesses the ability to produce a range of mycotoxins, including fumonisins. In Asia, rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple cereal and is occasionally colonized by this fungus without obvious physiological changes. F. proliferatum is closely related to Gibberella fujikuroi (anamorph F. fujikuroi) responsible for Bakanae disease in rice; however there are few reports of F. proliferatum as a rice pathogen. In this study, we examined the pathogenic potential of F. proliferatum in rice plants with respect to browning, fumonisin production, and survival rates in rice grains. Fungal inoculation was conducted by spraying a conidial suspension of F. proliferatum onto rice plants during the flowering period. Browning was found on the stalk, leaf, and ear of rice. Fumonisin B(1) was detected at levels from trace to 21 ng/g grains, using tandem mass spectrometry. Fungal recovery after 6 months indicated that F. proliferatum had high affinity to rice plants being still viable in grains. From this study, it can be concluded that F. proliferatum is a possible pathogen of rice and possesses a potential to produce fumonisin B(1) in rice grains in the field.
authors.affiliation: National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Japan. kushirom@affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Masayo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kushiro
authors.forename: Hatsuo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: Toyozo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D037341:Fumonisins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis; D012275:Oryza / Q000382:microbiology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; C056933:fumonisin B1