title: Posttraumatic stress symptoms in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies consistently found remarkable rates of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in children with chronic diseases. But, only one study had searched PTSS in children with diabetes, until now. So, the present study aimed to examine incidence rate and predictors of PTSS in children with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  PTSS were evaluated by Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index in fifty four children with diabetes (aged between 8-18 years). This assessment was based on hypoglycaemia as the potential traumatic event. Children were also introduced a brief questionnaire about demographic and disease related information. Some other information was obtained from families, medical stuff and records. Among 54 children, forty two had complete information. Hence, to evaluate possible predictive factors related with PTSS, multiple regression analysis was conducted for 42 children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  18.5% of children were reported PTSS at severe or very severe level, and 51.9% were reported PTSS at moderate level or above. Multiple regression analyses were shown that child PTSS were not significantly related with possible predictive factors other than number of hypoglycaemic attacks for the last month.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study results support that posttraumatic stress symptoms are not rarely seen in paediatric patients with diabetes, and even if not severe, hypoglycaemic attacks may be perceived as traumatic by the children with diabetes. But, because of some limitations, the results should be carefully interpreted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. sismanlar71@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Şahika G
authors.initials: ŞG
authors.lastname: Şişmanlar
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Demirbaş-Çakir
authors.forename: Işık
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Karakaya
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Çizmecioğlu
authors.forename: Cavit I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.forename: Şükrü
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Hatun
authors.forename: Belma
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ağaoğlu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology