title: Stimulatory action of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on hematopoiesis: a review.
abstract: The presented review summarizes experimental data obtained with a mouse model when investigating the relationship between inhibition of prostaglandin production and hematopoiesis. While prostaglandin E2 acts in a negative feedback control of myelopoiesis, inhibition of cyclooxygenases, responsible for its production, shifts the feedback to positive control. Based on these relationships, agents inhibiting cyclo-oxygenases, known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can activate hematopoiesis and be protective or curative under myelosuppressive states. The effectiveness of therapeutic use of NSAIDs in these situations is expressive especially under the selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), when undesirable side effects of cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition, like gastrointestinal damage, are absent. The effects of the clinically approved selective COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, were investigated and demonstrated significant hematopoiesis-stimulating and survival-enhancing actions of this drug in sublethally or lethally γ-irradiated mice. These effects were connected with the ability of meloxicam to increase serum levels of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. It can be inferred from these findings that selective COX-2 inhibitors might find their use in the treatment of myelosuppressions of various etiologies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Biophysics, V.V.I., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 135, CZ-61265 Brno, Czech Republic. hofer@ibp.cz
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pospíšil
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hoferová
authors.forename: Lenka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weiterová
authors.forename: Denisa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Komůrková
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005720:Gamma Rays; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D000077239:Meloxicam; D051379:Mice; D038042:Myelopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013843:Thiazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone; D000077239:Meloxicam