title: Development of an Evidence biochip array kit for the multiplex screening of more than 20 anthelmintic drugs.
abstract: Anthelmintic drugs are used in clinical and veterinary practice for the treatment of infections caused by parasitic worms. Their extensive use in food-producing animals can cause the presence of residues in food. For consumer protection it is necessary to monitor the levels of anthelmintic residues to ensure that they remain within the legally permitted maximum acceptable concentrations. For this purpose, the use of multiplex screening methods is advantageous. Biochip array technology allows the simultaneous determination of multiple analytes from a single sample at a single point in time. This study reports the development of an Evidence biochip array for the multiplex screening of anthelmintic drugs. Simultaneous competitive chemiluminescent immunoassays are employed. The solid support and vessel is the biochip, which contains an array of discrete test sites. The assays were applied to the semiautomated bench-top analyser Evidence Investigator. The aminobenzimidazoles assay detected aminomebendazole, albendazole 2-aminosulphone and aminoflubendazole, the avermectins assay detected emamectin benzoate, eprinomectin, abamectin, ivermectin and doramectin, the benzimidazoles assay detected albendazole sulphone, albendazole, albendazole sulphoxide, oxibendazole, oxfendazole and flubendazole, the thiabendazole assay detected cambendazole, thiabendazole and 5-hydroxythiabendazole and the triclabendazole assay detected ketotriclabendazole, triclabendazole and triclabendazole sulphoxide. The limits of detection ranged from 0.3 ppb (aminobenzimidazoles) to 2.0 ppb (levamisole) in milk and from 0.15 ppb (aminobenzimidazoles) to 6.5 ppb (levamisole) in tissue. The average recovery range was 71-135 %. This multianalytical approach on a biochip platform is applicable to the screening of more than 20 anthelmintic drugs in different food matrices, leading to consolidation of tests and enhancement of the test result output.
authors.affiliation: Randox Food Diagnostics, Crumlin, Co. Antrim, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: O'Loan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mahoney
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGarrity
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D007202:Indicators and Reagents