title: Growth cartilage expression of growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis in spontaneous and growth hormone induced catch-up growth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Catch-up growth following the cessation of a growth inhibiting cause occurs in humans and animals. Although its underlying regulatory mechanisms are not well understood, current hypothesis confer an increasing importance to local factors intrinsic to the long bones' growth plate (GP).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to analyze the growth-hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis in the epiphyseal cartilage of young rats exhibiting catch-up growth as well as to evaluate the effect of GH treatment on this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly grouped: controls (group C), 50% diet restriction for 3 days+refeeding (group CR); 50% diet restriction for 3 days+refeeding & GH treatment (group CRGH). Analysis of GH receptor (GHR), IGF-I, IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and IGF binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) expressions by real-time PCR was performed in tibial growth plates extracted at the time of catch-up growth, identified by osseous front advance greater than that of C animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the absence of GH treatment, catch-up growth was associated with increased IGF-I and IGFBP5 mRNA levels, without changes in GHR or IGF-IR. GH treatment maintained the overexpression of IGF-I mRNA and induced an important increase in IGF-IR expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Catch-up growth that happens after diet restriction might be related with a dual stimulating local effect of IGF-I in growth plate resulting from overexpression and increased bioavailability of IGF-I. GH treatment further enhanced expression of IGF-IR which likely resulted in a potentiation of local IGF-I actions. These findings point out to an important role of growth cartilage GH/IGF-I axis regulation in a rat model of catch-up growth.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Pediatric Department, Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal. ivaobrito@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Iva
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gil-Peña
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Molinos
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Loredo
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Henriques-Coelho
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caldas-Afonso
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone