title: Heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract improves obesity in ob/ob mice by activating AMP-activated protein kinase.
abstract: Gynostemma pentaphyllum is widely used in Asian countries as a herbal medicine to treat dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes and inflammation. An ethanol extract of G. pentaphyllum lessened obesity by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The levels of damulins A and B, components responsible for AMPK activation in the extract, were increased by autoclaving in a time-dependent manner. Heat-processed G. pentaphyllum extract, actiponin containing damulins A (0.93 %, w/w) and B (0.68 %, w/w), significantly stimulated fat oxidation and glucose uptake via AMPK activation in L6 myotube cells. Oral administration of actiponin to ob/ob mice for 8 weeks decreased body weight gain, liver weight, and blood cholesterol levels with AMPK activation in the soleus muscle. Our results demonstrate the beneficial effect of G. pentaphyllum on improving obesity and have elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Rehman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gauhar
authors.forename: Seung-Lark
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Si-Sung
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Ji-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hebok
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Dong Chan
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung-Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Tae Young
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Keun
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Tae-Lin
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Huh
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020536:Enzyme Activators / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D029774:Gynostemma / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D020536:Enzyme Activators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D005947:Glucose