title: Measurement of dynamic ocular surface temperature in healthy subjects using a new thermography device.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the routine use and applicability of a new ocular thermography device (TG 1000; Tomey Corp, Nagoya, Japan) in healthy individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty eyes of 30 healthy subjects were included in this prospective study. Intraobserver reproducibility was tested with an ocular surface-oriented infrared radiation thermographic device in a non-contact manner. Using a standard examination protocol, the ocular surface temperature was assessed by dynamic thermal imaging over a time period of 10 s. The procedure was repeated three times during a single session by one examiner. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ocular surface temperature measurements were highly reproducible. The mean ocular surface temperature was 34.02°C ± 0.22. The ICC was 0.947%, 0.949%, and 0.955% for minimum, maximum, and mean temperatures, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ocular surface temperature measurements made using the Tomey TG 1000 in healthy subjects showed excellent intraobserver reproducibility. This novel non-invasive technique offers new options for increased understanding of the physiology of the ocular surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany. matthias.klamann@charite.de
authors.forename: Matthias K J
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Klamann
authors.forename: Anna-Karina B
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gonnermann
authors.forename: Julian P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pleyer
mesh_terms: D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D005123:Eye / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D009799:Ocular Physiological Phenomena; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013817:Thermography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods