title: Interplay between grain structure and protein adsorption on functional response of osteoblasts: ultrafine-grained versus coarse-grained substrates.
abstract: The rapid adsorption of proteins is the starting and primary biological response that occurs when a biomedical device is implanted in the physiological system. The biological response, however, depends on the surface characteristics of the device. Considering the significant interest in nano-/ultrafine surfaces and nanostructured coatings, we describe here, the interplay between grain structure and protein adsorption (bovine serum albumin: BSA) on osteoblasts functions by comparing nanograined/ultrafine-grained (NG/UFG) and coarse-grained (CG: grain size in the micrometer range) substrates by investigating cell-substrate interactions. The protein adsorption on NG/UFG surface was beneficial in favorably modulating biological functions including cell attachment, proliferation, and viability, whereas the effect was less pronounced on protein adsorbed CG surface. Additionally, immunofluorescence studies demonstrated stronger vinculin signals associated with actin stress fibers in the outer regions of the cells and cellular extensions on protein adsorbed NG/UFG surface. The functional response followed the sequence: NG/UFG(BSA) > NG/UFG > CG(BSA) > CG. The differences in the cellular response on bare and protein adsorbed NG/UFG and CG surfaces are attributed to cumulative contribution of grain structure and degree of hydrophilicity. The study underscores the potential advantages of protein adsorption on artificial biomedical devices to enhance the bioactivity and regulate biological functions.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Research Laboratory, Center for Structural and Functional Materials, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70504, USA. dmisra@louisiana.edu
authors.forename: R D K
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nune
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Pesacreta
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Somani
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Karjalainen
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D055595:Mechanical Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D016596:Vinculin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016596:Vinculin; D013193:Stainless Steel; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine