title: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Prevalence, Hypertrophy Patterns, and Their Clinical and ECG Findings in a Hospital at Qatar.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disease associated with risk of morbidity and sudden cardiac death. The prevalence, hypertrophy patterns, mode of presentations, and different ECG findings vary in different regions of the world. To date, no data is present regarding these variables in Qatar.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, cross sectional, descriptive analysis of all patients referred for echocardiography study at Hamad General Hospital, Qatar. The study period was from January 2008 till December 2010.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study 1) the prevalence of HCM, 2) the different patterns of hypertrophy, and 3) the clinical and ECG presentations in this population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 29,286 cases evaluated, 38 patients were found to have HCM (0.13%). Their clinical, ECG, and echocardiography findings were analyzed. Mean age was 47 y, 35 males (92%) and 3 females (8%). Four patterns of hypertrophy were described; 17 (44.7%) had septal hypertrophy alone, 6 (15.8%) had septal and other segments hypertrophy but sparing the apex, 10 (26.3%) had apical segments along with any other segment hypertrophy, and 5 (13.2%) had apical hypertrophy alone. No obstruction was found in 19 (50%), left ventricular outflow (LVO) tract obstruction was found in 13 (34%), and mid cavity obstruction (MCO) in 6 (16%). Twenty one (55.3%) patients were referred because of chest pain, 15 (39.5%) with palpitations, 15 (39.5%) with shortness of breath, and 5 (13.2%) with syncope. Nine patients (23.7%) were asymptomatic and were referred because of cardiac murmur during routine examination. ECG evidence of LV hypertrophy was found in 29 (76.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of HCM in our population group is 0.13% with a male predominance (12:1). There was a diversity of clinical presentation, ECG abnormalities and patterns of LV hypertrophy among HCM patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
authors.forename: Sherif M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Helmy
authors.forename: Gomaa F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Maauof
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shaaban
authors.forename: Ahmed M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Elmaghraby
authors.forename: Smitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anilkumar
authors.forename: Abdel Halim H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Shawky
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hajar