title: Specific language disorders and season of birth: underlying environmental factors or chance findings?
abstract: The medical records of 358 children and adolescents with specific language disorders (SLD; 122 girls and 236 boys) seen in rehabilitation centers from Northern and Central Italy were examined to compare season of birth in these cases to those of the Italian population. Exposure was calculated using univariate and multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared to the Italian population, patients with SLD had a 1.67 (95% CI [1.35-2.07]) chance of birth in October-December. Independent predictors were younger age at inclusion and being firstborn. Different neurobiological hypotheses can be drawn to explain these findings.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghezzo
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiappedi
authors.forename: Antonina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ballerini
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Seragni
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zanette
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: Maria Chiara
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Stefanini
authors.forename: Oreste
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ferrari-Ginevra
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spelta
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Angelini
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beghi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001722:Birth Order / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D036801:Parturition; D012621:Seasons