title: Role of phospholipase A2s and lipid mediators in secondary damage after spinal cord injury.
abstract: Inflammation is considered to be an important contributor to secondary damage after spinal cord injury (SCI). This secondary damage leads to further exacerbation of tissue loss and functional impairments. The immune responses that are triggered by injury are complex and are mediated by a variety of factors that have both detrimental and beneficial effects. In this review, we focus on the diverse effects of the phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) superfamily and the downstream pathways that generate a large number of bioactive lipid mediators, some of which have pro-inflammatory and demyelinating effects, whereas others have anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution properties. For each of these lipid mediators, we provide an overview followed by a discussion of their expression and role in SCI. Where appropriate, we have compared the latter with their role in other neurological conditions. The PLA(2) pathway provides a number of targets for therapeutic intervention for the treatment of SCI and other neurological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research in Neuroscience, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Livingston Hall, Room L7-210, 1650 Cedar Ave., Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3G 1A4, sam.david@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Greenhalgh
authors.forename: Rubèn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López-Vales
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D054467:Phospholipases A2