title: Impact of an exercise program on acylcarnitines in obesity: a prospective controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acylcarnitine (AC) transport dysfunction into the mitochondrial matrix is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The effect of an aerobic exercise (AE) program on this condition in obese subjects without DM is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomized, longitudinal, interventional study in a University Research Center involved a 10-week AE program in 32 women without DM and a body mass index (BMI) greater than 27 kg/m2. (Cases n = 17; Controls n = 15). The primary objective was to evaluate the influence of a controlled AE program on beta-oxidation according to modifications in short, medium, and long-chain ACs. Secondary objectives were to define the behavior of amino acids, and the correlation between these modifications with metabolic and anthropometric markers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of dropouts was 17% and 6% in controls and cases, respectively. In cases there was a significant reduction in total carnitine (30.40 [95% CI 28.2 to 35.6]) vs. (29.4 [CI 95% 25.1 to 31.7]) p = 0.0008 and long-chain AC C14 (0.06 [95% CI 0.05 to 0.08]) vs. (0.05 [95% CI 0.05 to 0.09]) p = 0.005 and in C18 (0.31 [95% CI 0.27 to 0.45]) vs. (0.28 [95% CI 0.22 to 0.32]) p = 0.03. Free fatty acid levels remained without change during the study in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, a controlled 10-week AE program improved beta-oxidation by reducing long-chain ACs. This finding highlights the importance that AE might have in avoiding or reverting lipotoxicity, and in consequence, improving insulin sensitivity and pancreatic beta cell functional reserve.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Division, Internal Medicine Department, "Dr, José E, González", University Hospital and Medical School of the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ave, Madero y Ave, Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo León, 64460, Mexico. drfernandolavalle@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Fernando J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Lavalle-González
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Martínez-Garza
authors.forename: Erick
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Landeros-Olvera
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: López-Alvarenga
authors.forename: Maria R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Torres-Sepúlveda
authors.forename: Jose G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: González-González
authors.forename: Leonardo G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Mancillas-Adame
authors.forename: Bertha
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salazar-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Jesus Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Villarreal-Pérez