title: Risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in a large population of women living in Spain: implications for preventative strategies.
abstract: The aim of this study is to establish a risk appraisal model for GDM by identifying modifiable factors that can help predict the risk of GDM in a large population of 2194 women living in Spain. They were recruited between 2009-2010 when screening for GDM was performed. Participants completed a questionnaire on socio-demographic, anthropomorphic and behavioral characteristics, and reproductive and medical history. A total of 213 (9.7%) women were diagnosed as having GDM. Age, pregestational body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI), and number of events of medical, obstetric and family history were significantly associated with GDM. After logistic regression model, biscuits and pastries intake <4 times/week, red and processed meats intake <6 servings/week, sugared drinks <4 servings/week, light walking >30 minutes/day, and 30 minutes/day of sports at least 2 days/week, compared with opposite consumption, was associated with less GDM risk. Our study identified several pregestational modifiable lifestyle risk factors associated with an increase in the risk of developing GDM. This may represent a promising approach for the prevention of GDM and subsequent complications. Further intervention studies are needed to evaluate if this appraisal model of risk calculation can be useful for prevention and treatment of GDM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Professor Martín Lagos Street s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ramos-Leví
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pérez-Ferre
authors.forename: M Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Del Valle
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bordiu
authors.forename: Ana Rosa
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bedia
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Herraiz
authors.forename: M José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Torrejón
authors.forename: Alfonso L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Calle-Pascual