title: [5 days Cefaclor vs. 10 days amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of childhood streptococcal pharyngitis. Data from a randomized clinical trial].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The duration of therapy represents a fundamental aspect in the compliance to the therapy of child pathologies, such as pharyngotonsillitis, treated with oral therapy. Although penicillin and amoxicillin are the first choice antibiotics in the case of a child suffering from pharyngotonsillitis with the proven presence of Group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus (GAS), the number of orally administered doses and 10 days of therapy, considerably lower the compliance.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open phase IV randomized multicenter clinical trial was conducted in parallel groups, involving 49 family pediatrician (FP), distributed over the entire national territory, enrolling 435 children suffering from GAS-FT. 210 children received Cefaclor, 50 mg/kg/day, administered twice daily for five days, whilst 213 children received amoxicillin/clavulanate 40 mg/kg/day administered twice daily for 10 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed percentages of eradication of 88.4% for the Cefaclor group and 94.3% for the amoxicillin/clavulanate group, and a positive clinical judgement of 92.3% for the Cefaclor group and 96.6% for the amoxicillin/clavulanate group. The two arms of the study did not have any significant statistical differences, neither for the eradication, nor for the clinical judgement nor for the reduction of the Milano Score between the beginning and the end of treatment, with a P=0.042 for amoxicillin/clavulanate for eradication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms that the administration of Cefaclor for five days during GAS-FT has the same efficacy as a 10-day therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanate, with a clearly different compliance.
authors.affiliation: Pediatra di Famiglia, Catania, Italia. gaetano.bottaro@tiscali.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bottaro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Biasci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lo Giudice
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montanari
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Napoleone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santucci
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fano
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Biraghi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000465:Algorithms; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002433:Cefaclor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D012802:Sicily; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002433:Cefaclor; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination