title: Overview of electrochemical DNA biosensors: new approaches to detect the expression of life.
abstract: DNA microarrays are an important tool with a variety of applications in gene expression studies, genotyping, pharmacogenomics, pathogen classification, drug discovery, sequencing and molecular diagnostics. They are having a strong impact in medical diagnostics for cancer, toxicology and infectious disease applications. A series of papers have been published describing DNA biochips as alternative to conventional microarray platforms to facilitate and ameliorate the signal readout. In this review, we will consider the different methods proposed for biochip construction, focusing on electrochemical detection of DNA. We also introduce a novel single-stranded DNA platform performing high-throughput SNP detection and gene expression profiling.
authors.affiliation: CRIBI Biotechnology Centre and Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B 35121 Padova, Italy; E-Mails:  stefanoc@cribi.unipd.it ;  paolom@cribi.unipd.it.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cagnin
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caraballo
authors.forename: Carlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guiducci
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Marty
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santaana
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Danley
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Gerolamo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lanfranchi