title: Clinicopathological correlation of choroidal melanoma in Indian population: A study of 113 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To correlate the clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, and histopathological findings of choroidal melanoma in the Indian population
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 113 patients of choroidal melanoma over a period of 10 years was done. Patient demography, clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, and histopathological findings were correlated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 113 patients histopathologically diagnosed with choroidal melanoma over 10 years, most were males. The mean age was 45.9 ± 14.84 years among which 6 (5.3%) patients were less than 20 years. Thirty-six (31.8%) patients were misdiagnosed. The mean basal diameter was 12.41 ± 1.4 mm. Mixed cell type was seen in 71 (63%) patients, while 28 (25%) patients had spindle cell type. Epithelioid cell type was present in 11 (10%) patients and necrotic cell type was seen in 3 (2%) patients. Enucleation was the primary treatment modality in 107 (94.6%) patients, while exenteration was done in 6 (5.3%) patients. Three patients with epithelioid cell type with orbital extension underwent exenteration. The mean follow-up period was 14 months. No mortality was reported at the end of 5 years in patients with longer follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Malignant melanoma of the choroid is a rare occurrence. They can occur in younger age group and can be misdiagnosed. Mixed cell type is commonest. Diffuse tumors with epithelioid cell type are likely to have orbital extension.
authors.affiliation: Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreo Retina Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Maneesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dhupper
authors.forename: Jyotirmay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biswas
authors.forename: Lingam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gopal
authors.forename: S Krishna
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khetan