title: In vivo imaging of unstained tissues using long gradient index lens multiphoton endoscopic systems.
abstract: We characterize long (up to 285 mm) gradient index (GRIN) lens endoscope systems for multiphoton imaging. We fabricate a portable, rigid endoscope system suitable for imaging unstained tissues, potentially deep within the body, using a GRIN lens system of 1 mm diameter and 8 cm length. The portable device is capable of imaging a ~200 µm diameter field of view at 4 frames/s. The lateral and axial resolution in water is 0.85 µm and 7.4 µm respectively. In vivo images of unstained tissues in live, anesthetized rats using the portable device are presented. These results show great promise for GRIN endoscopy to be used clinically.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Huland
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Scott S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Dimitre G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ouzounov
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pavlova
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Watt W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu