title: Glutamine stimulates mTORC1 independent of the cell content of essential amino acids.
abstract: Glutamine and leucine are important mTORC1 modulators, although their roles are not precisely defined. In HepG2 and HeLa cells glutamine-free incubation lowers mTORC1 activity, although cell leucine is not decreased. mTORC1 activity, suppressed by amino acid-free incubation, is completely rescued only if essential amino acids (EAA) and glutamine are simultaneously restored, although cell leucine is higher in the absence than in the presence of glutamine. Thus, glutamine stimulates mTORC1 independent of cell leucine, suggesting the existence of two distinct stimulatory signals from either glutamine or EAA.
authors.affiliation: Unit of General and Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Volturno 39, 43125, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Saverio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tardito
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barilli
authors.forename: Massimiliano G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dall'Asta
authors.forename: Ovidio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bussolati
mesh_terms: D000601:Amino Acids, Essential / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005973:Glutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000601:Amino Acids, Essential; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D005973:Glutamine; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases