title: Influence of resting heart rate on mortality in patients undergoing coronary angiography (from the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health [LURIC] study).
abstract: Several epidemiologic studies have reported an association between elevated heart rate (HR) at rest and reduced survival. The usefulness of HR at rest in predicting end points in high-risk patients is yet to be definitively established. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relation between HR at rest with total and cardiovascular mortality in patients who underwent coronary angiography. A total of 3,316 Caucasian patients with available coronary angiograms were prospectively followed from 2001 to 2011 (median 9.9 years). The effect of HR at rest on total and cardiovascular mortality was explored, while correcting for a number of confounders. Patients in the highest quartile (HR at rest ≥ 84 beats/min) had survival times reduced by 1.2 and 1.4 years for overall and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Likewise, these patients had significantly elevated adjusted risk for total (hazard ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.17 to 1.67, p for trend <0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 1.78, p for trend = 0.004). In conclusion, HR at rest is an inexpensive, easily measured, and modifiable predictor of mortality.
authors.affiliation: Public Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Bríain
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: ó Hartaigh
authors.forename: Jos A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pilz
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loerbroks
authors.forename: Marcus E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kleber
authors.forename: Tanja B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Grammer
authors.forename: Joachim E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Bernhard O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.forename: G Neil
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: März
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult