title: Flushing time as a descriptor for heavily modified water bodies classification and management: application to the Huelva Harbour.
abstract: Since the flushing time is a physical descriptor used to distinguish between different types of heavily modified water bodies (HMWB), the establishment of a methodology for its calculation becomes important. In order to achieve this task, a methodological procedure involving the tide mean value and variable river flow values is proposed. The hydrodynamics were assessed using a two-dimensional model which integrates the depth-averaged mass and momentum equations in the time and space domains and includes a wet-dry point treatment method. The hydrodynamic model calibration and validation were performed on the basis of tidal gauge and velocity current measurements. A reasonable agreement with the field measurements of water elevation and velocity were achieved. On the other hand, a two-dimensional mathematical model, which solves the depth-averaged advection-diffusion equation, was properly calibrated and used to evaluate the behaviour of a conservative tracer within a water body. The transport model calibration was developed according to the field survey data carried out during late spring when the rivers flows are low. This study allowed the flushing time estimation under four scenarios showing that only the estuarine mouth presents a high renewal rate because the current velocities are higher. For heavy rain periods, a flushing time decrease was observed as river flows modify the circulation in the main channel. Neglecting the river forcing was found to be valid for the dry period.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Hydraulics Institute IH Cantabria, Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres N° 15, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain. samanoml@unican.es
authors.forename: María Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sámano
authors.forename: Javier F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bárcena
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Aina G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Álvarez
authors.forename: José Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Revilla
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D045483:Rivers; D014872:Water Movements