title: Evaluation and comparision of the shear bond strength of rebonded orthodontic brackets with air abrasion, flaming, and grinding techniques: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare in vitro the shear bond strength of rebonded orthodontic brackets among the three most frequently used rebonding methods--sandblasting, direct flaming, and grinding with a green stone bur. The surface characteristics of new and rebonded bracket bases were also compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample used in the present study comprised 60 extracted human premolars bonded with brackets. The sample was divided into three groups (each n = 20; sandblasting, direct flaming, and grinding with a green stone bur). SEM was used to compare the surface characteristics of the new and rebonded bracket bases for all three groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Z test for the direct flaming and grinding groups revealed statistically significant bond strength (P < .05). The ANOVA test for all three groups showed P < .05, which is statistically significant. SEM for the sandblasting method showed well-defined retentive areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When rebonding brackets, sandblasting the bracket base yields the highest bond strength.
authors.affiliation: Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospitalm Wardha, Maharastra, India. drhermanthanlway@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hemant Kumar
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Halwai
authors.forename: Ranjit Haridas
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Kamble
authors.forename: Pushpa Vinay
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Hazarey
authors.forename: Vanita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gautam
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001641:Bicuspid; D001840:Dental Bonding; D017743:Equipment Reuse; D006801:Humans; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D033081:Shear Strength; D013499:Surface Properties