title: The in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity of benzocaine: a brief communication.
abstract: Benzocaine has a long history of use in human medicine. However, benzocaine also has been used in aquaculture with finfish for more than 40 years for sedating fish for marking, transport, surgery, and so on, although benzocaine does not have a current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for this application in the United States. As part of a FDA approval for use as an animal drug, the genotoxicity of benzocaine was evaluated in the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay and the forward mutation assay and in vivo in the mouse micronucleus assay. These studies were conducted in compliance with Good Laboratory Practice regulations and according to Veterinary International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines. Based on the results of these studies, benzocaine was determined not to be genotoxic.
authors.affiliation: Brock Scientific Consulting, Montgomery Village, MD 20886, USA. billbrock@comcast.net
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001566:Benzocaine / Q000633:toxicity*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D001566:Benzocaine