title: The influence of early life interventions on olfactory memory related to palatable food, and on oxidative stress parameters and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb of female adult rats.
abstract: The effects of neonatal handling and the absence of ovarian hormones on the olfactory memory related to a palatable food in adulthood were investigated. Oxidative stress parameters and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb of adult pre-puberty ovariectomized female rats handled or not in the neonatal period were also evaluated. Litters were non-handled or handled (10 min/day, days 1-10 after birth). Females from each litter were divided into: OVX (subjected to ovariectomy), sham, and intact. When adults, olfactory memory related to a palatable food (chocolate) was evaluate using the hole-board olfactory task. Additionally, oxidative stress parameters and Na+/K+-ATPase activity were measured in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb. No difference between groups was observed considering olfactory memory evaluation. Neonatal handled rats presented an increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the hippocampus and in the olfactory bulb, compared to non-handled ones. Considering the surgical procedure, there was a decrease in Na+/K+-ATPase and catalase activities in sham and OVX groups, compared to intact animals in the olfactory bulb. We concluded that olfactory memory related to a palatable food in adulthood was not affected by neonatal handling or by pre-puberty surgery, with or without removal of ovaries. The difference observed between groups in catalase and Na+/K+-ATPase activity does not seem to be related to the olfactory memory. Additionally, the increase in Na+/K+-ATPase activity (an enzyme that maintains the neurochemical gradient necessary for neuronal excitability) induced by neonatal handling may be related to neuroplastic changes in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 Anexo, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil. cristiegn@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cristie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noschang
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krolow
authors.forename: Danusa M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Arcego
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laureano
authors.forename: Luiza D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Fitarelli
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Huffell
authors.forename: Andréa G K
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Aline A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: da Cunha
authors.forename: Fernanda Rossato
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Angela T S
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Wyse
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dalmaz
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006234:Handling, Psychological; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000378:metabolism*; D055696:Olfactory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase