title: Substance-related disorders among juvenile offenders: what role do psychopathic traits play?
abstract: Substance use disorders are associated with psychopathy, a personality disorder that is heterogeneous in both adults and youth; secondary variants of psychopathy with comorbid psychopathology and primary variants without comorbidity show distinct correlates and outcomes. In adult criminal populations, secondary variants report greater substance abuse compared with primary variants. The primary aim of this study is to replicate and extend these findings to a juvenile offender population. Compared with primary variants of juvenile psychopathy, secondary variants (a) reported significantly more frequent substance use--particularly alcohol--within the 6 months prior to incarceration (d = .43), (b) were almost twice as likely to abuse substances while incarcerated, and (c) were more likely to be diagnosed with a current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) substance use disorder. Practical implications for working with justice-involved youth are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, Mental Health Law and Policy, University of South Florida, 13301 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard MHC 2639, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. ekimonis@usf.edu
authors.forename: Eva R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Kimonis
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Tatar
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cauffman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors