title: Intraocular pressure elevation is a delayed-onset complication after successful vitrectomy for stages 4 and 5 retinopathy of prematurity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence and risk factors for delayed-onset intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations after vitrectomy for Stages 4 and 5 retinopathy of prematurity and, in addition, to determine the results of treating the IOP elevations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five consecutive eyes with successful retinal reattachment and at least 24 months of follow-up after vitrectomy were studied. The ophthalmic examinations included slit-lamp biomicroscopy, wide-field digital retinal imaging, and IOP measurements. Eyes were classified into 2 groups: eyes with a postoperative IOP elevation to ≥ 21 mmHg and eyes whose IOP was always <21 mmHg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight eyes (14.5%) developed an IOP elevation to ≥ 21 mmHg from 2 months to 4 months (median: 2.5 months) after the vitrectomy. In two of these eyes, the IOP was controlled with antiglaucoma medications. In the other six eyes, trabeculotomy for eyes with open angles and trabeculectomy or goniosynechialysis for eyes with closed angles were performed. The IOPs were successfully controlled after an average of 1.5 glaucoma surgeries. Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified that a young gestational age (odds ratio = 1.147, 95% confidence interval: 1.024-1.346) and lensectomy (odds ratio = 8.795, 95% confidence interval: 1.262-183.3) were significantly associated with the IOP elevation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Delayed-onset IOP elevation after vitrectomy for retinopathy of prematurity occurs in 14.5% of the eyes, and it is significantly associated with a young gestational age and presence of lensectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iwahashi-Shima
authors.forename: Atsuya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamasaki
authors.forename: Yasumasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otori
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiuchi
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusaka
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006068:Gonioscopy; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D052577:Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000145:classification* / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents