title: [First experience in endonasal surgery using a new 3D-Chipendoscope].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic surgery for treatment of nasal, paranasal and anterior skull base pathologies is an established treatment modality. Available rigid endoscopes with angled views provide a 2-dimensional view with restriction of depth perception. In this study we report about our first experience with a new 3D-Chipendoscope in surgery at the nose, paranasal sinuses und anterior skull base.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 patients were enrolled in this study with chronic rhinosinusitis, inverted papilloma, frontal sinus mucocele, frontal sinus osteoma, chronic dacryocystitis and pituitary adenoma. All patients were subjected to standard endonasal endoscopic surgery using 3D-endoscopes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surgery was performed by the use of the 3D-endoscope in all patients. The operative handling of the 3D-endoscopes was user friendly in regard to design and weight of the endoscopes. The problem of fogging during endoscopic surgery diminishing the quality of view was not observed. Blood crusts on the endoscope tip however was able to changed the 3D-view to a 2D-view. To close positioning of the 3D-endoscopes to the surgical field reduced image quality. The visualisation of the frontal sinus was limited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D-endoscopic surgery is an interesting development in endonasal surgery of pathologies at the nose, paranasal sinuses and anterior skull base.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg. basel.al-kadah@uks.eu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al Kadah
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bumm
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Charalampaki
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D035262:Cranial Fossa, Anterior / Q000601:surgery; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D010039:Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D055815:Young Adult