title: Cognitive reappraisal self-efficacy mediates the effects of individual cognitive-behavioral therapy for social anxiety disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether changes in cognitive reappraisal self-efficacy (CR-SE) mediate the effects of individually administered cognitive-behavioral therapy (I-CBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD) on severity of social anxiety symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial in which 75 adult patients (21-55 years of age; 53% male; 57% Caucasian) with a principal diagnosis of generalized SAD were randomly assigned to 16 sessions of I-CBT (n = 38) or a wait-list control (WL) group (n = 37). All patients completed self-report inventories measuring CR-SE and social anxiety symptoms at baseline and post-I-CBT/post-WL, and I-CBT completers were also assessed at 1-year posttreatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with WL, I-CBT resulted in greater increases in CR-SE and greater decreases in social anxiety. Increases in CR-SE during I-CBT mediated the effect of I-CBT on social anxiety. Gains achieved by patients receiving I-CBT were maintained 1-year posttreatment, and I-CBT-related increases in CR-SE were also associated with reduction in social anxiety at the 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing CR-SE may be an important mechanism by which I-CBT for SAD produces both immediate and long-term reductions in social anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. pgoldin@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Philippe R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Goldin
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ziv
authors.forename: Hooria
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jazaieri
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Heimberg
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome