title: Differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors associated with maximum and mean carotid intima-media thickness among hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) could be used as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients. Since different mechanisms are involved in the atheroma formation and arterial wall thickness, we assessed the relationship between the maximum and the mean CIMT with different cardiovascular risk factors in dialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mean and the maximum CIMT were measured using a B-mode ultrasonography in 75 hemodialysis patients, and the correlation between CIMT and cardiovascular risk factors were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean and maximum CIMT measurements were 0.5 mm (range, 0.2 mm to 1 mm) and 3.4 mm (1.4 mm to 5.6 mm), respectively. Among all the studied variables, age (P = .04, r = 0.238), HS-CRP (P = .01, r = 0.284), mean arterial blood pressure (P = .003, r = 0.343), and DM (P = .02) had significant correlations with the mean CIMT, while only age (P = .02, r = 0.473) and serum creatinine levels (P = .02, r = -0.493) were significantly associated with the maximum CIMT. A positive nonsignificant correlation was observed between the mean and maximum CIMT values (P = .08, R2 linear = 0.214).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that in dialysis patients, effects of cardiovascular risk factors on the mean and maximum CIMT might be different. Further studies are recommended to evaluate the prediction impact of each risk factor in end-stage renal disease patients compared with otherwise healthy individuals.
authors.affiliation: Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Ahmad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Nassiri
authors.forename: Monir Sadat
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hakemi
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asadzadeh
authors.forename: Ali Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Faizei
authors.forename: Sudabeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alatab
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miri
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaseri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000473:pathology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine