title: Effect of inoculation methods on the composting efficiency of municipal solid wastes.
abstract: Four types of inoculation methods were studied during the composting of municipal solid wastes and dry grass (MSWG). The methods included a control group as well as initial-stage, two-stage, and multi-stage inoculations. Fulvic acids were extracted from the composting materials and characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The results showed that inoculation of microbes in MSWG enhanced the biodegradation of aliphatics, proteins, and polysaccharides. The inoculation also increased the molecular weight, humic- and fulvic-like compound content, as well as humification degree of the composting products. The inoculation of microbes in MSWG significantly improved composting process and efficiency. The improvement efficiency was in the order of initial-stage < two-stage < multi-stage inoculations. Inoculation of microbes based on composting organic matter composition and temperature enhanced composting efficiency.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
authors.forename: Bei-Dou
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Xiao-Song
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zi-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yong-Hai
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ming-Xiao
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qiu-Ling
authors.initials: QL
authors.lastname: Dang
mesh_terms: D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000032:analysis; D002947:Cities; D005285:Fermentation; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D006812:Humic Substances; D012987:Soil; C005023:fulvic acid