title: Effect of hydrogenated, liquid and ghee oils on serum lipids profile.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trans fatty acids are known as the most harmful type of dietary fats, so this study was done to compare the effects of hydrogenated, liquid and ghee oils on serum lipids profile of healthy adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 129 healthy participants aged from 20 to 60 years old who were beneficiaries of Imam-e-Zaman charitable organization. Subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups and each group was treated with a diet containing cooking and frying liquid, ghee, or hydrogenated for 40 days. Fasting serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), apoprotein A (Apo A), and apoprotein B (Apo B) were measured before and after the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TC, TG and Apo B had a significant reduction in the liquid oil group compared to the hydrogenated oil group. In the ghee group TG declined and Apo A increased significantly (P < 0.01). Liquid oil group had a significant reduction in HDL-C, compared to the ghee oil group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that consuming liquid oil along with frying oil caused to reduce all serum lipid levels. However, ghee oil only reduced TG and increased HDL-C levels.
authors.affiliation: MSc, Department of Nutrition, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Noushin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mohammadifard
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nazem
authors.forename: Gholam-Ali
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Naderi
authors.forename: Faezeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saghafian
authors.forename: Firoozeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sajjadi
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maghroon
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahonar
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alikhasi
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nouri