title: Blocking interleukin-17 attenuates enhanced inflammation by staphylococcal enterotoxin B in murine allergic rhinitis model.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) enhances inflammation in allergic rhinitis (AR) and interleukin (IL)-17 may play a significant role in regulation of the inflammatory process induced by SEB.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Exposure to SEB is associated with severe symptoms in AR patients. However, how SEB influences the inflammatory process in AR has not been elucidated so far. The aim of this study was to identify the role of SEB and IL-17 in AR.
  
  
  METHODS
  BALB/c and IL-17-deficient mice were divided into three groups: control, OVA, and SEB groups. The control group was challenged with phosphate-buffered saline, the AR group was challenged with ovalbumin (OVA), and the SEB group was treated with SEB before OVA challenge. Nasal symptoms, eosinophil infiltration, serum total and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E levels, and cytokine levels including IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and interferon (IFN)-γ in splenocyte culture were compared between the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SEB group produced significantly greater amounts of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ than the OVA group in wild-type mice. However, these enhanced inflammatory responses in the SEB group compared with the OVA group were not observed in IL-17-deficient mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Il Joon
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Sung-Lyong
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Dong-Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chul Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chae-Seo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Yang-Gi
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Min
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018089:Superantigens / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D004768:Enterotoxins; D020381:Interleukin-17; D018089:Superantigens; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal