title: Prevalence and risk factors for myopic retinopathy in a Japanese population: the Hisayama Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the prevalence of myopic retinopathy and its risk factors in a general Japanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based, cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2005, a total of 1969 Hisayama residents aged ≥ 40 years consented to participate in this study. Of these, 1892 subjects with adequate data were enrolled.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each participant underwent comprehensive physical and eye examinations that included measurements of refractive error, axial lengths, and color fundus photography. Myopic retinopathy was defined as the presence of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy, patchy chorioretinal atrophy, lacquer cracks, or macular atrophy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevalence of myopic retinopathy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-three participants had myopic retinopathy and the prevalence was 1.7% (2.2% in women and 1.2% in men). The prevalence of myopic retinopathy increased significantly with advancing age. Diffuse chorioretinal atrophy, patchy chorioretinal atrophy, lacquer cracks, and macular atrophy were present in 1.7%, 0.4%, 0.2%, and 0.4% of subjects, respectively. In multivariate analysis, myopic retinopathy was significantly associated with older age (per 1 year: odds ratio [OR], 1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.18), female gender (OR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.09-9.92), and longer axial length (per 1 mm: OR, 4.20; 95% CI, 3.03-5.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of myopic retinopathy was 1.7% in a general Japanese population. Older age, female gender, and longer axial length were significant risk factors for myopic retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asakuma
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Sawako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno-Matsui
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D058452:Axial Length, Eye / Q000473:pathology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003317:Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047728:Myopia, Degenerative / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose