title: Virus-derived anti-inflammatory proteins: potential therapeutics for cancer.
abstract: Inflammatory responses now have a defined central role in cancer cell growth, invasion, and metastases. Anti-inflammatory proteins from viruses target key stages in immune response pathways and have potential as novel therapeutics for cancer, including highly potent virus-derived inhibitors of protease, chemokine, cytokine, and apoptotic cascades that have been identified. Serine proteases, in addition to their conventional roles in thrombosis, thrombolysis, and apoptotic pathways, are essential regulators of inflammation and are associated with developing cancers. Chemokines drive other inflammatory response pathways with central roles in cell invasion and activation as well as establishing the microenvironment of tumors, modulating immune cell infiltration, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis. This review focuses on the mechanisms of action and potential for application of viral immunomodulatory proteins as anticancer therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology and Rheumatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0277, USA.
authors.forename: Donghang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Mee Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Bartee
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Davids
authors.forename: Emina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreb
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015843:Serpins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018925:Chemokines; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D015843:Serpins; D014764:Viral Proteins