title: Inhibition of platelet aggregation by curdione from Curcuma wenyujin essential Oil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Curdione, one of the major sesquiterpene compounds from Rhizoma Curcumae, has been shown to exhibit multiple bioactive properties. In this study, we investigated the anti-platelet aggregation and antithrombotic activities of curdione with different methods both in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of the study was to explore an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, which promised to be a preventive or therapeutic agent for various vascular diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Curdione was isolated from the essential oil of Curcuma wenyujin using the silica gel column chromatography method. The effects of curdione on human platelet aggregation induced by thrombin (0.3 U/ml), platelet-activating factor (PAF, 0.375 μg/ml), adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 10 μM) and arachidonic acid (AA, 0.1mg/ml) were tested in vitro, and the potential mechanisms underlying such activities were investigated. We also tested the antithrombotic effect of curdione in a tail thrombosis model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Curdione preferentially inhibited PAF- and thrombin- induced platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50): 60-80 μM), whereas much higher concentrations of curdione were required to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by ADP and AA. Curdione also inhibited P-selectin expression in PAF-activated platelets. Moreover, curdione caused an increase in cAMP levels and attenuated intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in PAF-activated platelets. In vivo, we also found that curdione showed significant antithrombotic activity. Therefore, we conclude that the inhibitory mechanism of curdione on platelet aggregation may increase cAMP levels and subsequently inhibit intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization. Furthermore, the effect observed in the tail thrombosis model might be explained completely by increased vasodilation. These results indicate that curdione may be one of the main bioactive constituents in Rhizoma Curcumae that removes blood stasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Du-Juan
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiao-Huan
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fei-Hu
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D045788:Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D045788:Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane; C504126:curdione