title: Dyads affected by chronic heart failure: a randomized study evaluating effects of education and psychosocial support to patients with heart failure and their partners.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic heart failure (CHF) causes great suffering for both patients and their partners. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an integrated dyad care program with education and psychosocial support to patients with CHF and their partners during a postdischarge period after acute deterioration of CHF.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-five patient-caregiver dyads were randomized to usual care (n = 71) or a psychoeducation intervention (n = 84) delivered in 3 modules through nurse-led face-to-face counseling, computer-based education, and other written teaching materials to assist dyads to develop problem-solving skills. Follow-up assessments were completed after 3 and 12 months to assess perceived control, perceived health, depressive symptoms, self-care, and caregiver burden.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of dyads in the experimental and control groups were similar at baseline. Significant differences were observed in patients' perceived control over the cardiac condition after 3 (P < .05) but not after 12 months, and no effect was seen for the caregivers.No group differences were observed over time in dyads' health-related quality of life and depressive symptoms, patients' self-care behaviors, and partners' experiences of caregiver burden.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Integrated dyad care focusing on skill-building and problem-solving education and psychosocial support was effective in initially enhancing patients' levels of perceived control. More frequent professional contact and ongoing skills training may be necessary to have a higher impact on dyad outcomes and warrants further research.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nursing Science, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. susanna.agren@liu.se
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ågren
authors.forename: Lorraine S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hjelm
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strömberg
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012944:Social Support; D013997:Time Factors