title: Determination of the singlet state lifetime of dissolved nitrous oxide from high field relaxation measurements.
abstract: Longitudinal spin relaxation due to modulation of dipolar interactions often limits the development of hyperpolarized magnetic tracers. Recently, it has been demonstrated that transferring spin order to a singlet state significantly increases the polarization lifetimes in systems where nitrous oxide is dissolved in a liquid solvent. Additionally, previous studies have suggested that the longitudinal relaxation of nitrous oxide is largely dominated by the spin-rotation interaction. Models of spin-relaxation under Brownian motion naïvely predict the angular momentum reorienting correlation time of the spin rotation interaction to be inversely proportional to the viscosity of the solution. This dependence implies the singlet lifetime can be lengthened by increasing the dissolving solvent's viscosity-an extension which is not observed. Our work formulates a model which describes the relaxation of nitrous oxide dissolved in various solvents. We investigate the effect of altering the temperature of the solvent, as well as the effect of varying solute-solvent interactions on the singlet state as well as the longitudinal polarization lifetime. We predict the singlet lifetime for nitrous oxide dissolved in several solvents by fitting rotational and angular momentum correlation times measured at high magnetic field, and relate singlet relaxation to translational diffusion constants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 338 Stemmler Hall, 3450 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. rajghosh@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Rajat K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kadlecek
authors.forename: Nicholas N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Kuzma
authors.forename: Rahim R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Rizi
mesh_terms: D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D009609:Nitrous Oxide