title: "Symptom-specific or holistic": menopausal symptom management.
abstract: Our purpose in this study was to identify differences in menopausal symptom management among four major ethnic groups in the United States. This was a secondary analysis of the qualitative data from a larger Internet-based study. We analyzed data from 90 middle-aged women in the United States using thematic analysis. We extracted four themes during the data analysis process: (a) "seeking formal or informal advice," (b) "medication as the first or final choice," (c) "symptom-specific or holistic," and (d) "avoiding or pursuing specific foods." Health care providers need to develop menopausal symptom management programs while considering ethnic differences in menopausal symptom management.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4217, USA. eunim@nursing.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Eun-Ok
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Hyenam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Wonshik
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chee
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D057226:Information Seeking Behavior; D020407:Internet; D008593:Menopause / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States