title: The role of radiotherapy in urinary bladder cancer: current status.
abstract: The role of radiotherapy (RT) in the treatment of urinary bladder cancer has undergone several modifications along the last decades. In the beginning, definitive RT was used as treatment in an attempt to preserve the urinary bladder; however, the results were poor compared to those of radical surgery. Recently, many protocols have been developed supporting the use of multi-modality therapy, and the concept of organ preservation began to be reconsidered. Although phase III randomized clinical studies comparing radical cystectomy with bladder preservation therapies do not exist, the conservative treatment may present low toxicity and high indexes of complete response for selected patients. The aim of this study was to review the literature on the subject in order to situate RT in the current treatment of urinary bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology-Oncology Center, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, Brazil. gnmarta@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Gustavo Nader
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Marta
authors.forename: Samir Abdallah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gadia
authors.forename: Sebastiao Francisco Miranda
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Joao Luis Fernandes da
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Heloisa de Andrade
authors.initials: Hde A
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin