title: Neural correlates of metacognitive monitoring during episodic and semantic retrieval.
abstract: Activity in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) has been shown to be a strong correlate of successful recognition performance. We assessed the degree to which the PPC mediates metacognitive judgments by assessing the feeling of knowing (FOK) for recently learned (episodic) and well-learned (semantic) facts (e.g., "The sport that is associated with Wimbledon is . . ."). Activity in ventral regions of the PPC was observed for strong FOKs for both sets of facts, although greater activity was observed for episodic than for semantic facts. Strong semantic FOKs activated anterior temporal regions. Weaker FOK ratings, when contrasted with strong FOKs, activated dorsal parietal regions, a finding that parallels contrasts during explicit tests in which low-confident responses were compared with high-confident responses. These findings demonstrate retrieval-related parietal activity during metacognitive judgments. Furthermore, they show that the ventral PPC is particularly engaged during context-specific, episodic retrieval, as compared to semantic retrieval.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Room 3210, Tolman Hall #1650, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA. jelman@berkeley.edu
authors.forename: Jeremy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Elman
authors.forename: Ellen C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Klostermann
authors.forename: Diane E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Marian
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Verstaen
authors.forename: Arthur P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Shimamura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D061212:Memory, Episodic; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012660:Semantics