title: Autophagy sustains the replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory virus in host cells.
abstract: In this study, we confirmed the autophagy induced by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in permissive cells and investigated the role of autophagy in the replication of PRRSV. We first demonstrated that PRRSV infection significantly results in the increased double-membrane vesicles, the accumulation of LC3 fluorescence puncta, and the raised ratio of LC3-II/β-actin, in MARC-145 cells. Then we discovered that induction of autophagy by rapamycin significantly enhances the viral titers of PRRSV, while inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA and silencing of LC3 gene by siRNA reduces the yield of PRRSV. The results showed functional autolysosomes can be formed after PRRSV infection and the autophagosome-lysosome-fusion inhibitor decreases the virus titers. We also examined the induction of autophagy by PRRSV infection in pulmonary alveolar macrophages. These findings indicate that autophagy induced by PRRSV infection plays a role in sustaining the replication of PRRSV in host cells.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Agribiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qinghao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yixian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qiuwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Xinna
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Hanchun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hongbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000882:Haplorhini; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000821:virology; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D020123:Sirolimus