title: Leishmania chagasi naturally resistant to nitric oxide isolated from humans and dogs with visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role as a leishmanicidal agent in murine macrophages. NO resistant Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been associated with poor outcomes of their resulting diseases. NO resistant Leishmania braziliensis has also been identified and exacerbates the clinical course of human leishmaniasis. We report, for the first time, natural resistance of Leishmania chagasi promastigotes to NO. These parasites were isolated from humans and dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. We also demonstrate that this resistance profile was associated with a greater survival capacity and a greater parasite burden in murine macrophages, independent of activation and after activation by IFN-γ and LPS.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Sergipe - Aracaju, Brazil.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: R V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: L F V C
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.forename: C R O
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rangel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro de Jesus
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: de Moura
authors.forename: P T G
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Leopoldo
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000662:veterinary; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D008264:Macrophages / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D059208:Parasite Load; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine