title: Clinical significance of serum clusterin as a biomarker for evaluating diagnosis and metastasis potential of viral-related hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing problem in Egypt. Clusterin has been reported to play a significant role in tumorigenesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to evaluate clusterin as a marker for evaluating diagnosis and metastasis potential of viral-related HCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients with HCC, 30 patients with liver cirrhosis, 30 patients with chronic hepatitis and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in study. Estimation of serum clusterin was done by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum clusterin levels were significantly increased in patients with HCC. Serum clusterin was highly increased in patients with poorly differentiated tumor, capsular infiltration, portal vein invasion and lymph node infiltration. Receiver operator characteristic curve showed that clusterin had a greater area under curve value (0.95) than that of alpha fetoprotein (0.85). At cutoff value of 128 μg/mL, serum clusterin yielded (90%) sensitivity and (87%) specificity for predicting HCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that clusterin is a promising useful marker for diagnosis of HCC. Clusterin might be deemed as a useful marker for predicting the progression and metastasis potential of HCC.
authors.affiliation: Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
authors.forename: Abeer M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nafee
authors.forename: Heba F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Pasha
authors.forename: Salah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Abd El Aal
authors.forename: Naglaa A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Mostafa
mesh_terms: D019540:Area Under Curve; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D051152:Clusterin / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006521:Hepatitis, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: C097353:AFP protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C495242:CLU protein, human; D051152:Clusterin; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins