title: Frontal and right temporal activations correlate negatively with depression severity during verbal fluency task: a multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy study.
abstract: Multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive, on-the-spot, functional neuroimaging technique allowing detection of the spatiotemporal characteristics of brain activity. Previous NIRS studies indicated the oxy-hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) increase during a verbal fluency task (VFT) is attenuated in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) as compared with healthy controls. However, the possible relationship between depression symptom severity and oxy-Hb change on NIRS has not yet been elucidated. To examine this relationship, we recruited 30 patients with MDD and 30 age-, gender- and intelligence quotient-matched controls. All underwent NIRS during VFT. As expected, the oxy-Hb increase during the task was significantly smaller in patients than in controls. After false discovery rate correction using 31 channels, the mean increase in oxy-Hb during the task showed a significant negative correlation with the total score of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression 21-item version (ch25: rho = -.56; FDR-corrected p: .001). When each item of the HAM-D21 was examined individually, insomnia early in 9 channels (rho = -.63 to -.46; FDR corrected p: .000-.014), work and activity in 2 channels (rho = -.61 to -.57; FDR corrected p: .001 to .003) and psychomotor retardation in 12 channels (rho = -.70 to -.44; FDR corrected p: .000-.018) showed significant negative correlations with the mean oxy-Hb increase in the right frontal temporal region. Although it is possible that our results were affected by medication, these data suggest reduced right frontal temporal activation on NIRS during VFT is related to the symptom severity of MDD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Hospital, 4-1-1, Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan. t-noda@ncnp.go.jp
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Nagahisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koseki
authors.forename: Yotaro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Numachi
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunugi
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higuchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010108:Oxyhemoglobins