title: Chopper stabilized low resistance comparator.
abstract: The paper describes an improvement of the chopper method for elimination of parasitic voltages in a low resistance comparison and measurement procedure. The basic circuit diagram along with a short description of the working principle are presented and the appropriate low resistance comparator prototype was designed and realized. Preliminary examinations confirm the possibility of measuring extremely low voltages. Very high accuracy in resistance comparison and measurement is achieved (0.08 ppm for 1,000 attempts). Some special critical features in the design are discussed and solutions for overcoming the problems are described.
authors.affiliation: Serbian Transmission System / Nade Dimic 40, 19210 Bor, Serbia; E-Mail:  rradetic@ptt.rs.
authors.forename: Radojle M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Radetic
authors.forename: Dragan R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Milivojevic