title: Prevalence of mental disorders in the male juvenile detention centers of Hunan and Sichuan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of mental health problems in male violent offenders of Hunan and Sichuan Provinces; and to compare the types and severity of problems between the violent and nonviolent offenders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-one violent juvenile offenders and 64 nonviolent juvenile offenders in the juvenile detention centers of Hunan, and 81 violent juvenile offenders in the juvenile detention centers of Sichuan; 39 high school students from a middle school of Hunan Province and 49 from a middle school of Sichuan Province were investigated using the Investigation Screening Inventory for Child Mental Disorder and the Kiddy Schedule for Affective Diseases and Schizophrenia (K-SADS-PL), and classified according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the Hunan violent group, 86.6% met the criterion of conduct disorder (CD), 17.6% of substance abuse, 9.9% of substance dependence, while in the Hunan nonviolent group, 75.0% met the criterion of CD, and 11.7% of substance abuse; these were all significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). In the Sichuan violent group, 17.3% met the criterion of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 18.5% of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), 69.1% of CD, and 22.2% of substance abuse; these were all significantly higher than those of the Sichuan control group. Moreover, 63.7% of Hunan-violent, 55.6% of Sichuan-violent, and 45.0% of Hunan-nonviolent offenders had a previous offence records.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mental and behavioral disorders among delinquent youth is becoming a serious problem, and there is an urgent need to develop and implement effective assessment and treatment approaches for juvenile offenders with the aim of reducing offence and recidivism in this population.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Mental Health, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
authors.forename: Jiansong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Weixiong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Simei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yupeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Changjian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D003415:Crime / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011330:Prisons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014754:Violence