title: Plant LysM proteins: modules mediating symbiosis and immunity.
abstract: Microbial glycans, such as bacterial peptidoglycans, fungal chitin or rhizobacterial Nod factors (NFs), are important signatures for plant immune activation or for the establishment of beneficial symbioses. Plant lysin motif (LysM) domain proteins serve as modules mediating recognition of these different N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-containing ligands, suggesting that this class of proteins evolved from an ancient sensor for GlcNAc. During early plant evolution, these glycans probably served as immunogenic patterns activating LysM protein receptor-mediated plant immunity and stopping microbial infection. The biochemical potential of plant LysM proteins for sensing microbial GlcNAc-containing glycans has probably since favored the evolution of receptors facilitating microbial infection and symbiosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Biochemistry, ZMBP, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. andrea.gust@zmbp.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Andrea A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gust
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Willmann
authors.forename: Yoshitake
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Desaki
authors.forename: Heini M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Grabherr
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nürnberger
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D005658:Fungi / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D057131:Immune Evasion; D008024:Ligands; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D057865:Plant Immunity; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012230:Rhizobiaceae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C525882:CERK1 protein, Arabidopsis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000117:Acetylglucosamine