title: In vitro toxicity of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy on human keratinocytes proliferation.
abstract: This in vitro experimental study has been designed to assess the effects of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) on human keratinocytes proliferation. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT) monolayers (∼0.5 cm(2)) have been irradiated with 635 nm red laser light with a fluence of 82.5 or 112.5 J/cm(2) in the absence or presence of toluidine (TB). Cell proliferation, monolayer area coverage, cytokeratin 5 (K5) and filaggrin (Fil) expression, and metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity were measured after 72 h from laser irradiation. HaCaT proliferation was reduced by TB staining. Cell exposure to both low- and high-fluence laser irradiation in both presence and absence of TB staining reduced their proliferation and monolayer area extension. Moreover both laser treatments were able to reduce K5 and Fil expression and MMP-9 production in keratinocytes not treated with TB. These data indicate that PACT could exert toxic effects on normal proliferating keratinocytes present around parodontal pockets. The observed reduced cell proliferation along with a reduced production of enzymes involved in wound healing could alter the clinical outcome of the patients treated with PACT.
authors.affiliation: Dental Clinic, Health Sciences Department, University of Eastern Piedmont A. Avogadro, via Solaroli 17, 28100, Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Migliario
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rocchetti
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cannas
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Renò
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053555:Keratin-5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014052:Toluidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; C000717249:FLG protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D053555:Keratin-5; D014052:Toluidines; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9