title: The effect of herbal, essential oil and chlorhexidine mouthrinse on de novo plaque formation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brushing and flossing are the most widely accepted procedures, the 'gold standard', for controlling bacterial plaque, but these mechanical methods have limitations. Based on results derived from several clinical trials, essential oil (EO) mouthrinse (Listerine(®)) and a chlorhexidine mouthrinse have been accepted by ADA to be used as an adjunct to routine mechanical oral hygiene measures however, both of them are associated with side effects, therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antiplaque efficacy of a new herbal formulation as compared to an EO and chlorhexidine rinse.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a single blind parallel randomized controlled trial involving four groups. 48 volunteers refrained from all oral hygiene measures for 4 days, but rinsed instead twice daily with 10 ml of a herbal (HM), EO, chlorhexidine (CHX) or a placebo (PL) solution. Plaque index and plaque area (PA) was assessed on Day 4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HM and EO showed a significant inhibition of plaque regrowth compared to PL (P<0.001), but the lowest values of PI and PA were obtained with CHX. Statistically significant difference in plaque parameters was observed when CHX was compared to HM and EO, and HM to EO rinse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new herbal mouthrinse had a promising plaque inhibitory potential but it not as efficacious as chlorhexidine in preventing plaque regrowth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, C.S.M. Medical University (Erstwhile KGMC), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. draparna24@yahoo.in
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daing
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dixit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004338:Drug Combinations; D028523:Elettaria; D005260:Female; D031282:Gaultheria; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D036142:Mentha piperita; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D008517:Phytotherapy; D031721:Piper betle; D010919:Placebos; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012459:Salicylates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D032121:Salvadoraceae; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D029766:Terminalia; D013729:Terpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009067:Mouthwashes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010919:Placebos; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012459:Salicylates; D013729:Terpenes; C057473:Listerine; D002710:Chlorhexidine