title: Adhesion of cavernous hemangioma in the orbit revealed by CT and MRI: analysis of 97 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess features of cavernous hemangioma (CH) in the orbit revealed by CT and MRI and summarize prediction of preoperative CT and MRI for the adhesion degree of CH in the orbit.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 97 patients with pathologically confirmed CH in the orbit were examined with axial and coronal CT scan, and axial, coronal, sagittal, and enhanced fat suppression MRI scan. CT and MRI findings and intraoperative adhesion degrees were retrospectively analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 47 patients with slight adhesion, for whom CT and MRI showed round masses with well defined margins in the extraocular muscles; 14 patients with mild adhesion, for whom CT and MRI revealed irregular masses with unclear boundary between CH and the optic nerve in coronal images, and emissary veins in the posterior region of masses in contrast-enhanced images; 36 patients with severe adhesion, for whom CT and MRI exhibited an irregular or ovoid mass filling the orbital apex, or showed distorted and even spiky margins in the posterior region of masses in contrast enhanced images at the presence of a transparent triangle between the mass and the orbital apex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative CT and MRI aid in accurate diagnosis, selection of the surgical approach, and assessment of the adhesion degree and surgical risks for CH.
authors.affiliation: Chinese PLA Eye Center, No. 474 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Urumchi 830012, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Xiao-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Gao