title: Single stage surgery for Blepharophimosis syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to report the functional and cosmetic outcome of single stage surgical procedure for correction of the classic components of Blepharophimosis syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a retrospective case file review of 11 patients with Blepharophimosis syndrome operated between July 2004 and April 2008. Each patient had undergone the correction of epicanthus inversus, telecanthus, palpebral phimosis, and bilateral ptosis as a single-stage surgical procedure. Patients were examined and photographed before and after surgery. The mean follow-up was 3 years (range 2-6 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 11 patients (8 males, 3 females) with a mean age of 9 years (range 6--22 years) were reviewed. The surgical outcome was assessed both functionally and cosmetically. The mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.729 ± 0.316 SD and the mean postoperative visual acuity was 0.856 ± 0.277 SD (P <0.0428). There was a statistically significant decrease of astigmatism following ptosis correction (P<0.05), improvement of telecanthus (P<0.0001) in terms of IICD (inner intercanthal distance), and HPFL (horizontal palpebral fissure length) (P=0.019) along with improvement of the superior visual field. The mean preoperative and postoperative IICD was 3±0.33 SD and 2.418 ± 0.189 SD, respectively. There was also a significant postoperative improvement of ptosis (P< 0.01), as measured by IPFH (vertical interpalpebral fissure height). All the patients had a stable functional and cosmetic result after a mean follow-up period of 3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single-stage surgical correction of the classic anomalies of Blepharophimosis syndrome provides stable and successful long-term results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orbit, Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sri Sankaradeva Nethralaya, Guwahati, Assam, India.
authors.forename: Kasturi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhattacharjee
authors.forename: Harsha
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bhattacharjee
authors.forename: Ganesh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuri
authors.forename: Zeenat Tajmin
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Nilutparna
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Deori
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016569:Blepharophimosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005143:Eyelids / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult