title: The antiplasmodial and radical scavenging activities of flavonoids of Erythrina burttii.
abstract: The acetone extract of the root bark of Erythrina burttii showed in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive (D6) and chloroquine-resistant (W2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum with IC(50) values of 0.97 ± 0.2 and 1.73 ± 0.5 μg/ml respectively. The extract also had radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical with an EC(50) value of 12.0 μg/ml. The isoflav-3-enes burttinol-A and burttinol-C, and the 2-arylbenzofuran derivative burttinol-D were identified as the most active antiplasmodial (IC(50)<10 μM) and free radical scavenging (EC(50)ca. 10 μM) principles. The acetone extract of E. burttii at 800 mg/kg/day, in a 4-day Plasmodium berghei ANKA suppressive test, showed in vivo antimalarial activity with 52% chemosuppression. In the same in vivo test, marginal activities were also observed for the extracts of the root and stem bark of Erythrina abyssinica and the root bark of Erythrina sacleuxii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Code 00100, Nairobi, Kenya. ayenesew@uonbi.ac.ke
authors.forename: Abiy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yenesew
authors.forename: Hoseah M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Akala
authors.forename: Hannington
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Twinomuhwezi
authors.forename: Carolyne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chepkirui
authors.forename: Beatrice N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Irungu
authors.forename: Fredrick L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Eyase
authors.forename: Maud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamatenesi-Mugisha
authors.forename: Bernard T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Kiremire
authors.forename: Jacob D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Norman C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Waters
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004895:Erythrina / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts