title: Erectile dysfunction and extramarital sex induced by timed intercourse: a prospective study of 439 men.
abstract: During the fertile window of a woman's menstrual cycle, the effect of  impending timed intercourse (TI) on the psychological well-being and behavior  of male partners has not been thoroughly investigated, despite the fact that  men comprise one half of each couple endeavoring to achieve natural  conception. This prospective study consisting of 439 men was conducted during  a 3-year period between July 1, 2008, and June 30, 2011. Various  characteristics were evaluated, including newly acquired erectile dysfunction  (ED); extramarital sex (EMS); intake of soft drinks (SD); levels of hormones,  such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH),  testosterone (T), prolactin, and estradiol (E2); and semen parameters. A total  of 188 men (42.8%) experienced ED and 47 men (10.7%) engaged in EMS. As the  number of TI episodes increased, the number of men with ED and EMS and those  who wanted to avoid TI also increased (all, P < .0001). All 47 men  who reported EMS experienced ED with their spouses. Men who consumed SDs  produced significantly smaller volumes of semen (P = .0363). Among  the hormones investigated, the levels of LH, T, and E2 were significantly  lower in men with ED (all, P < .05) whereas the level of FSH was  higher in contrast to E2, which was significantly higher in men who had EMS  (both, P < .01). TI imposes a great deal of stress on male  partners evoking ED and, in some cases, causing these men to seek EMS.  Physicians and clinicians should acknowledge the potential harmful effects of  TI on men. Furthermore, both female and male partners should also be cautioned  about the increased possibilities of ED and EMS as TI incidents increase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Andrology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Zaii Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chong Won
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.forename: Sang Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lyu
authors.forename: Hyun Ha
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Seok
authors.forename: Jae Sang
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.forename: Jee Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Tae Ki
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003075:Coitus / Q000523:psychology*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005114:Extramarital Relations / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008418:Masturbation / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010060:Ovulation; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012661:Semen / Q000187:drug effects; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D013737:Testis / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone