title: Parallel domestication of the Shattering1 genes in cereals.
abstract: A key step during crop domestication is the loss of seed shattering. Here, we show that seed shattering in sorghum is controlled by a single gene, Shattering1 (Sh1), which encodes a YABBY transcription factor. Domesticated sorghums harbor three different mutations at the Sh1 locus. Variants at regulatory sites in the promoter and intronic regions lead to a low level of expression, a 2.2-kb deletion causes a truncated transcript that lacks exons 2 and 3, and a GT-to-GG splice-site variant in the intron 4 results in removal of the exon 4. The distributions of these non-shattering haplotypes among sorghum landraces suggest three independent origins. The function of the rice ortholog (OsSh1) was subsequently validated with a shattering-resistant mutant, and two maize orthologs (ZmSh1-1 and ZmSh1-5.1+ZmSh1-5.2) were verified with a large mapping population. Our results indicate that Sh1 genes for seed shattering were under parallel selection during sorghum, rice and maize domestication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
authors.forename: Zhongwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xianran
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.forename: Cheng-Ting
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Ming L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guihua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Jiarui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Harold N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Trick
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doebley
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Schnable
authors.forename: Mitchell R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Tuinstra
authors.forename: Tesfaye T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Tesso
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000235:genetics*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D045868:Sorghum / Q000235:genetics; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms