title: Transverse electric field dragging of DNA in a nanochannel.
abstract: Nanopore analysis is an emerging single-molecule strategy for non-optical and high-throughput DNA sequencing, the principle of which is based on identification of each constituent nucleobase by measuring trans-membrane ionic current blockade or transverse tunnelling current as it moves through the pore. A crucial issue for nanopore sequencing is the fact that DNA translocates a nanopore too fast for addressing sequence with a single base resolution. Here we report that a transverse electric field can be used to slow down the translocation. We find 400-fold decrease in the DNA translocation speed by adding a transverse field of 10 mV/nm in a gold-electrode-embedded silicon dioxide channel. The retarded flow allowed us to map the local folding pattern in individual DNA from trans-pore ionic current profiles. This field dragging approach may provide a new way to control the polynucleotide translocation kinetics.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University , 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047,  Japan.
authors.forename: Makusu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: Yuhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuhashi
authors.forename: Sakon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahong
authors.forename: Masateru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Tomoji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai