title: Predominance of IL-10 and TGF-β production from the mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, in response to crude antigens from Clonorchis sinensis.
abstract: Parasitic helminths are well-known to have the ability to modulate host immune responses. In this study, we investigated the fundamental immunoregulatory mechanism of the liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) using a murine macrophage RAW 264.7 (RAW) cell line and mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs). We found that C. sinensis crude antigen (CA) is able to differentiate macrophage RAW cells into dendritic-like cells that can be detected by morphological observations. In addition, CA induces prominent secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β; however, we did not observe changes in cell surface markers that are involved in antigen recognition, antigen presentation, and T cell activation. Additionally, CA treatment induced ERK and JNK phosphorylation, and unexpectedly, elevated levels of IL-10 and TGF-β were inhibited by the addition of an ERK-specific inhibitor. Taken together, these data demonstrate that CA from C. sinensis may modulate host immune responses by upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines via the regulation of ERK.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hae Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wi
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sung-Tae
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Young Mee
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D003004:Clonorchis sinensis / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D000954:Antigens, Surface; C556062:IL10 protein, mouse; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases