title: Hepatic ischemic preconditioning provides protection against distant renal ischemia and reperfusion injury in mice.
abstract: We previously demonstrated that there are acute and delayed phases of renal protection against renal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury with renal ischemic preconditioning (IPC). This study assessed whether hepatic IPC could also reduce distant renal IR injury through the blood stream-mediated supply of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: group I, sham operated including right nephrectomy; group II (IR), left renal ischemia for 30 min and reperfusion injury; group III (IPC-IR), hepatic ischemia for 10 min followed by 10 min of reperfusion before left renal IR injury; group IV (MPG - IPC + IR), pretreated with 100 mg/kg N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (MPG) 15 min before hepatic IPC and left renal IR injury. Renal function, histopathologic findings, proinflammatory cytokines, and cytoprotective proteins were evaluated 15 min or 24 hr after reperfusion. Hepatic IPC attenuated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor α, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and induced inducible nitric-oxide synthase, and the phosphorylation of Akt in the murine kidney. Renal function was better preserved in mice with hepatic IPC (group III) than groups II or IV. Hepatic IPC protects against distant renal IR injury through the blood stream-delivery of hepatic IPC-induced ROS, by inducing cytoprotective proteins, and by inhibiting inflammatory reactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Ah
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jang Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: In
authors.forename: Hong Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Yong Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeon Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Yoo Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dae Woo
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Gul
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Jae Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jin Deok
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Joo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008625:Tiopronin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008625:Tiopronin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt