title: Tissue characterization using electrical impedance spectroscopy data: a linear algebra approach.
abstract: In this study, we use a new linear algebra manipulation on electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements to provide real-time information regarding the nature of the tissue surrounding the needle in minimal invasive procedures. Using a Comsol Multiphysics three-dimensional model, a phantom based on ex vivo animal tissue and in vivo animal data, we demonstrate how tissue inhomogeneity can be characterized without any previous knowledge of the electrical properties of the different tissues, except that they should not be linearly dependent on a certain frequency range. This method may have applications in needle biopsies, radiation seeds, or minimally invasive surgery and can reduce the number of computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging images. We conclude by demonstrating how this mathematical approach can be useful in other applications.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Bioengineering in the Service of Humanity and Society, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. Shlomi.laufer@mail.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Shlomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laufer
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rubinsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003198:Computer Simulation; D058266:Dielectric Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004566:Electrodes; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009928:Organ Specificity; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013223:Statistics as Topic