title: Effects of D-cycloserine on cue-induced craving and cigarette smoking among concurrent cocaine- and nicotine-dependent volunteers.
abstract: Rates of cigarette smoking are 3- to 4-fold greater among those with cocaine-dependence, and compared to non-users, cocaine users are at greater risk of incurring smoking-related negative health effects and death. The current study examined D-cycloserine's (0 or 50mg once weekly) effects on 1) extinction of cue-induced craving for cigarettes, 2) cigarette smoking in conjunction with cognitive-behavioral therapy, and 3) safety and tolerability in cocaine-dependent smokers. This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, between groups, outpatient study. Participants (N=29) were concurrent cocaine- and nicotine-dependent volunteers seeking treatment for their cigarette smoking. Study visits were 3 times per week for 4 consecutive weeks. At each visit, participants received cognitive-behavioral therapy for smoking, were exposed to smoking cues. A subset of participants (N=22) returned for 6-month follow-up visits. While craving decreased, no significant effects of D-cycloserine treatment were observed. Likewise, significant decreases in smoking were observed at study days 6 (p<0.002) and 12 (p<0.0001) relative to baseline, although no participants achieved complete abstinence. However, there was no effect of D-cycloserine on cigarette smoking during treatment or at 6-mos follow-up. The treatment was safe and tolerable, with nearly 90% of treatment sessions attended based on an intent-to-treat analysis. While no effects of D-cycloserine on craving or smoking were observed in the current study, the results do suggest that smoking treatment is well accepted and may be effective for cocaine-dependent individuals.
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States. Electronic address: jiny@bcm.edu.
authors.forename: Jin H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Colin N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Haile
authors.affiliation: University of Houston, School of Social Work, United States.
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bordnick
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Fintzy
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Culbertson
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mahoney
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Rollin Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Kathleen R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: LaBounty
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Elizabeth L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Adel I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Aziziyeh
authors.affiliation: Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, United States.
authors.forename: Richard De
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: La Garza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001944:Breath Tests; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D003463:Cues; D003523:Cycloserine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005108:Extinction, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007171:Implosive Therapy / Q000379:methods; D057194:Intention to Treat Analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000819:agonists; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D057566:Self Report; D012907:Smoking / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D003523:Cycloserine