title: Cognitive ability, academic achievement and academic self-concept: extending the internal/external frame of reference model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Marsh's internal/external (I/E) frame of reference model depicts the relationship between achievement and self-concept in specific academic domains. Few efforts have been made to examine concurrent relationships among cognitive ability, achievement, and academic self-concept (ASC) within an I/E model framework.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To simultaneously examine the influences of domain-specific cognitive ability and grades on domain self-concept in an extended I/E model, including the indirect effect of domain-specific cognitive ability on domain self-concept via grades.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tenth grade respondents (628 male, 452 female) to a national adolescent survey conducted in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents completed surveys designed to measure maths and verbal aptitudes. Data on Maths and Chinese class grades and self-concepts were also collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant and positive path coefficients were found between cognitive ability and self-concept in the same domain (direct effect) and between these two constructs via grades (indirect effect). The cross-domain effects of either ability or grades on ASC were negatively significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taiwanese 10th graders tend to evaluate their ASCs based on a mix of ability and achievement, with achievement as a mediator exceeding ability as a predictor. In addition, the cross-domain effects suggest that Taiwanese students are likely to view Maths and verbal abilities and achievements as distinctly different.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Education, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ssu-Kuang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fang-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Yu-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Sunny S J
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D001076:Aptitude; D003071:Cognition; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D013624:Taiwan