title: Coexistence of visceral fat accumulation and sleep-disordered breathing correlates with coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Visceral adiposity is linked with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) (called Syndrome Z), and both correlate with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the present study was to determine the significance of excess visceral fat, SDB and circulating levels of biomarkers in CAD in Japanese men.
  
  
  METHODS
  SDB, visceral fat area (VFA), and circulating levels of biomarkers were assessed in 60 Japanese male patients who underwent coronary angiography and overnight cardiorespiratory monitoring.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age-adjusted logistic analysis showed a significant relationship between CAD and diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, SDB (AHI ≥5 events/hour), visceral fat accumulation (VFA ≥100 cm(2)), the combination of visceral fat accumulation and hypertension or dyslipidemia, as well as the combination of visceral fat accumulation and SDB. Patients with VFA ≥100 cm(2) and SDB had significantly lower serum adiponectin levels and higher serum soluble CD40 ligand levels than those with VFA<100 cm(2) and SDB. The prevalence of CAD was significantly higher in patients with VFA ≥100 cm(2) and SDB than in patients with VFA <100 cm(2) and AHI <5 events/hour, patients with VFA<100 cm(2) and AHI ≥5 events/hour or patients with VFA ≥100 cm(2) and AHI <5 events/hour (93% versus 14%, p <0.001, 53%, p <0.01 or 63%, p <0.01, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates that patients with both visceral fat accumulation and SDB develop CAD in association with hypoadiponectinemia and inflammatory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishida
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funahashi
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagi
authors.forename: Iichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000209:etiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin