title: Increased serum activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with acute variceal bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9 can degrade essential components of vascular integrity. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between those MMPs and variceal bleeding (VB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen controls, 12 patients with acute ulcer bleeding (UB) group, 37 patients with varix (V group), and 35 patients with acute VB group were enrolled. Serum was obtained to measure MMP-2 and -9 activity by zymogram protease assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The activity levels of these compounds were compared with the controls' median value. The median MMP-9 activity was 1.0 in controls, 1.05 in the UB group, 0.43 in the V group, and 0.96 in the VB group. The level of MMP-9 activity was higher in the VB group than in the V group (p<0.001). In the VB group, there was a signifi cant decrease in MMP-9 activity over time after bleeding (p<0.001). The median MMP-2 activity level was 1.0 in controls, 1.01 in the UB group, 1.50 in the V group, and 1.55 in the VB group. The level of MMP-2 activity was similar in the VB and V groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The level of MMP-9 activity increased in association with VB. The role of MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of VB should be verified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Hospital, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Oh Sang
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Hyuk Sang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kyung Sook
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Young Kul
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Yeon Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Duck Joo
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yun Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ju Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim