title: NLRs, inflammasomes, and viral infection.
abstract: NLR proteins are innate immune sensors that respond to microbial infection. Upon pathogen infection, some NLR proteins form large complexes, called inflammasomes, which activate caspase-1 and induce the production of active IL-1β and IL-18. Activation of inflammasomes can also lead to an inflammatory cell death program, named pyroptosis. In this review, we will discuss the role of various NLR proteins in sensing different viral infections, as well as the strategies used by several RNA and DNA viruses to counteract the antiviral effects of NLR-dependent inflammasomes.
authors.affiliation: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Blossom
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Damania
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000276:immunology*; D053472:Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D058847:Inflammasomes; D053472:Nod Signaling Adaptor Proteins