title: Increasing storage capability of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) embryos by chilling: development of a useful methodology for hatcheries management.
abstract: Cryopreservation of fish gametes has been studied extensively in the last few decades, but the successful cryopreservation of fish embryos remains elusive.  However, recent studies using short-term chilling techniques have shown that it is possible to store embryos at low temperatures with no significant loss in viability. Information on cryopreservation of Neotropical freshwater fish embryos has so far been very limited in the literature. In the present study, chilling protocols for storage of pacu embryos at -8°C for up to 24 h were studied using different concentrations of sucrose in methanol. Embryos tolerated the subzero temperature for up to 6 h with no adverse effects (P > 0.05). After 12 h chilling, hatching rate of 64.0 +/- 3.5 percent was recorded. Low temperature storage of pacu embryos by chilling is detailed here for the first time. Further studies are needed to extend the storage time and to improve the hatching rate.
authors.affiliation: PeixeGen Research Group, Maringá State University, Department of Animal Science, Maringá, Brazil.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Fornari
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ribero
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Streit
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.forename: C A L
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Digmayer
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Galo
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Neves
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005398:Fisheries; D005399:Fishes / Q000196:embryology*; D000432:Methanol / Q000378:metabolism; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D013395:Sucrose; D000432:Methanol