title: Root damage and repair in patients with temporary skeletal anchorage devices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the reparative potential of cementum histologically after intentional root contact with a temporary skeletal anchorage device.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients (8 male, 9 female; mean age, 16.2 years; range, 13.5-21.6 years) who were scheduled for extraction of 4 first premolars as part of their orthodontic treatment participated in this study. The roots of the premolars were intentionally injured with a temporary skeletal anchorage device. The teeth were extracted at 4, 8, or 12 weeks after the injury. Root contact with the temporary skeletal anchorage device was confirmed by using a stereomicroscope. Histologic samples were prepared. Demineralized serial sections were stained with eosin and hematoxylin, and cementum repair was assessed histomorphometrically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite varying depths of the injuries, including involvement of dentin, reparative cementum formation was observed in all sections. Healing cementum was almost exclusively of the cellular type; 70% of all the teeth exhibited good repair by the end of week 12.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study established that healing of cementum takes place after an injury with a temporary skeletal anchorage device, and it is a time-dependent phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Tamilnadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Kasim Shakeel
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ahmed V
authors.forename: Thavarajah
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rooban
authors.forename: Nathamuni Rengarajan
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Krishnaswamy
authors.forename: Karthik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.forename: Goutham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kalladka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid; D025021:Cementogenesis; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants