title: A controlled trial of the adjunct use of D-cycloserine to facilitate cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes in a cocaine-dependent population.
abstract: Cocaine dependence is a chronically relapsing disorder for which its predominant behavioral therapies are associated with only partial efficacy. The goal of this study was to determine if the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor partial agonist and cognitive enhancer, d-cycloserine (DCS), could boost the cocaine abstinence and treatment retention goals of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This study employed a placebo-controlled, randomized double-blind trial design of 44 cocaine-dependent men enrolled in a 4-week outpatient Substance Abuse Treatment Program (SATP) at the Atlanta Veteran's Administration Medical Center. Subjects received 50mg of DCS or placebo prior to four weekly sessions of a condensed version of a manual-based CBT for cocaine dependence. Cocaine abstinence and treatment retention measures represented primary outcome variables. Relative to a 12-step based treatment-as-usual, an under-dosed CBT was associated with significant improvements in drug abstinence and treatment retention at 4-weeks and for maintenance of drug abstinence after four more weeks of follow-up. The robust response to the under-dosed CBT was not enhanced by the adjunct administration of DCS at either the 4- or 8-week endpoints. This controlled clinical trial failed to demonstrate an ability of DCS to boost the relapse prevention or treatment retention goals of CBT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Robin E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Natasha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Whitfield
authors.forename: Karen P G
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Drexler
authors.forename: Clinton D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kilts
mesh_terms: D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003523:Cycloserine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D003523:Cycloserine