title: Conflict engagement and conflict disengagement during interactions between adults and their parents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined generational, ethnic, and gender differences in conflict behaviors during interactions between adults and their parents. We considered associations between observed conflict engagement and conflict disengagement behaviors and participant-rated relationship quality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 155 African American and European American women and men (aged 22-49 years), their mothers and their fathers (N = 465). Adult children were videotaped separately with their mother and their father discussing relationship problems. Independent raters coded the conversations for conflict engagement (e.g., pressuring for change) and disengagement (e.g., withdrawing) behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In African American families, parents displayed more conflict engagement and adult children displayed more conflict disengagement, whereas European American parents and adult children did not differ in their conflict behaviors. Mothers, fathers, and adult children reported poorer relationship quality when they engaged in more conflict engagement behaviors. Adult children also reported poorer quality relationships when their mothers displayed more conflict engagement behaviors. Mothers reported poorer quality relationships when their adult children engaged in more conflict disengagement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that even as adults, parents and children in poorer quality relationships may engage in potentially ineffective behaviors to resolve conflicts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Development & Family Studies, School of Lifespan Development and Educational Sciences, PO Box 5190, 405 White Hall, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA. kcichy@kent.edu
authors.forename: Kelly E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Cichy
authors.forename: Eva S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lefkowitz
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Fingerman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D032721:Adult Children / Q000523:psychology*; D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D054541:Family Conflict / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019370:Observation; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012737:Sex Factors; D014741:Video Recording; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult