title: Supplementation of broccoli or Bifidobacterium longum-fermented broccoli suppresses serum lipid peroxidation and osteoclast differentiation on alveolar bone surface in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.
abstract: High-cholesterol diet enhances osteoclastic activity on alveolar bone by increasing serum lipid peroxidation. We hypothesized that supplementation with dietary antioxidants, such as found in broccoli and its fermented products, might suppress increases in serum lipid peroxidation, contributing to the inhibition of osteoclastic activity after high-cholesterol diet intake. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of broccoli and fermented broccoli consumption on serum lipid peroxidation and osteoclast differentiation in alveolar bone of rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. In this 12-week study, rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6/group): a control group (fed regular diet) and 3 experimental groups (fed a high-cholesterol [1% wt/wt] diet, or a high-cholesterol diet supplemented with either broccoli powder [5% wt/wt] or Bifidobacterium longum-fermented broccoli powder [5% wt/wt]). Serum hexanoyl-lysine (HEL) levels were measured as a parameter of lipid peroxidation. The number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts in alveolar bone was enumerated to evaluate osteoclast differentiation. When compared with regular diet, the high-cholesterol diet increased serum HEL levels and resulted in a higher number of TRAP-positive osteoclasts at 12 weeks. The high-cholesterol diet supplemented with broccoli or B. longum-fermented broccoli showed lower levels of serum HEL and fewer TRAP-positive osteoclasts than the high-cholesterol diet at 12 weeks. In conclusion, consumption of broccoli, or its fermented product, inhibited the effects of a high-cholesterol diet on osteoclast differentiation in rat alveolar bone by suppressing serum lipid peroxidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tomofuji
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ekuni
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Yasumasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishikado
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suido
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000254:growth & development*; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008239:Lysine / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008055:Lipids; C120589:N(epsilon)-hexanoyllysine; D016328:NF-kappa B; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D005978:Glutathione; D008239:Lysine