title: Diagnosing and monitoring cirrhosis: Liver biopsy, hepatic venous pressure gradient and elastography.
abstract: In this review we summarize the role of liver biopsy, transient elastography and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with liver cirrhosis. Transient elastography is useful for the non-invasive diagnosis of cirrhosis, but relevant information is lost if it is used as a dichotomous test. The development of clinically significant portal hypertension (defined as a hepatic venous pressure gradient ≥ 10 mmHg) is associated with the development of varices and decompensation and it is something that it is worth testing for. Transient elastography has some value for the prediction of clinically significant portal hypertension, but a large proportion of patients have non-diagnostic values. It has also some value for the diagnosis of varices, but non-invasive markers cannot substitute endoscopic screening in cirrhosis. Better dynamic, easily repeatable non-invasive tools are needed to monitor compensated cirrhosis.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Hepatología, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. jgon@clinic.ub.es
authors.forename: Juan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Abraldes
authors.forename: Isis K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turón
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berzigotti
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D003187:Compliance; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D017082:Portal Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016896:Treatment Outcome