title: Pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions (part 2): drug interactions involving popular botanical dietary supplements and their clinical relevance.
abstract: In Part 2 of this review, a critical examination of the pertinent scientific literature is undertaken in order to assess the interaction risk that popular dietary supplements may pose when taken concomitantly with conventional medications. Botanicals most likely to produce clinically important herb-drug interactions are those whose phytochemicals act as mechanism-based inhibitors of cytochrome P450 enzyme activity (e.g., Hydrastis canadensis, Piper nigrum, Schisandra chinensis) or function as ligands for orphan nuclear receptors (e.g., Hypericum perforatum). In addition, several external factors unrelated to phytochemical pharmacology can augment the drug interaction potential of botanical supplements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. gurleybillyj@uams.edu
authors.forename: Bill J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Gurley
authors.forename: Espero Kim
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Fifer
authors.forename: Zoë
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gardner
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D041743:Herb-Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D019684:Magnoliopsida; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014166:Transferases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D028321:Plant Preparations; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D014166:Transferases