title: Developing phytoestrogens for breast cancer prevention.
abstract: Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women, and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Chemoprevention using phytoestrogens (PEs) for breast cancer may be a valid strategy. PEs are phytochemicals with estrogen-like structures and can be classified into four types: isoflavones, lignans, stilbenes and coumestans. They are widely distributed in diet and herbs and have shown anti-cancer activity via mechanisms including estrogen receptor modulation, aromatase inhibition, and anti-angiogenesis. Genistein, daidzein and resveratrol are some of the most studied PE examples. Quality control in product manufacturing and clinical study design is a critical issue in developing them as clinically effective chemopreventive agents for breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
authors.forename: Mandy M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D048789:Phytoestrogens