title: Secretome profile of mouse oocytes after activation using mass spectrum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mammalian oocytes undergo a cortical reaction after fertilization, releasing cortical granules and other proteins into the perivitelline space and inhibiting polyspermy. Few studies have evaluated the biological functions and properties of these proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated mouse oocytes in which the zona pellucida (ZP) was present (ZP-intact group) or absent (ZP-free group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After being activated by Srcl2, secreted proteins are collected from mouse oocytes. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed that identified proteins such as Ldhb, PADi6, Uchl1, Pebp1, Alb, Hsp90aa1, Prss1, trypsinogen 7, trypsin 4, trypsin 10, Sod1, Zp1, Zp2, Zp3, Akap8, Npm2, Pkm2 and Ppia in the ZP-free group. Proteins such as Ldhb, Uchl1, Prss1, trypsin 10, trypsinogen 7, and Ast1 were identified in the ZP-intact groups. The expression of some proteins, including Ldhb, Alb and Sod1, were initially detected following oocyte activation. The finding of four trypsin subtypes, such as Prss1, further support previous observations. Studies investigating the physiological functions and properties of these proteins are ongoing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Research on these cortical proteins provides a theoretical basis for understanding polyspermy inhibition at the level of ZP and gives technological support for fertilization detection, assessment of oocyte quality and embryonic culture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
authors.forename: Qiuping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Songguo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Linyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D005260:Female; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D013324:Strontium / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism; D015044:Zona Pellucida / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases; C071195:D-lactate dehydrogenase; C000606291:Sod1 protein, mouse; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C549765:Prss1 protein, mouse; C122160:Try4 protein, mouse; D014357:Trypsin; C025700:strontium chloride; D013324:Strontium