title: Hypopituitarism due to hydrocephalus: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although rare, chronic hydrocephalus may cause amenorrhea and delayed puberty associated with obesity as the main endocrine manifestations. Since the first operation carried out in 1950 on a patient with amenorrhea and hydrocephalus, fewer than 30 patients with these features have been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our patient represents a teenage case of primary amenorrhea, partial adrenal insufficiency and adult growth hormone deficiency caused by hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. Our English-language literature search for similar well-documented cases yielded less than 30 cases. Our management consisted of endoscopic third ventriculostomy, which resulted in regular menstrual cycles and normalization of somato- and adrenocorticotropic axes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is a rare case of a 20-year-old woman with primary amenorrhea caused by hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. Neurosurgical treatment produced relief in hypothalamic hydrodynamics tension, allowing recovery of hormonal function and restoring normal menstrual cycles.
authors.affiliation: Neuroendocrine Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, São Paulo, Brazil. fernando.neuro@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Fernando Campos Gomes
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Malebranche Berardo Carneiro
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: da Cunha Neto
authors.forename: Manuela Giuliani Marcondes
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Daniel Vicaria
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: do Lago
authors.forename: Marcello Delano
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Bronstein
authors.forename: Manoel Jacobsen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D014696:Ventriculostomy / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult