title: Protective effect of crocetin on hemorrhagic shock-induced acute renal failure in rats.
abstract: Multiple organ failure is a common outcome of hemorrhagic shock followed by resuscitation, and the kidney is one of the prime target organs involved. The main objective of the study was to evaluate whether crocetin, a natural product from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, has beneficial effects on renal dysfunction caused by hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in rats. Anesthetized rats were bled to reduce mean arterial blood pressure to 35 (SD, 5) mmHg for 60 min and then were resuscitated with their withdrawn shed blood and normal saline. Crocetin was administered via the duodenum at a dose of 50 mg/kg 40 min after hemorrhage. The increase in creatinine and blood urea nitrogen was significantly reduced at 2 h after hemorrhage and resuscitation in crocetin-treated rats. The increases in renal nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 6 were also attenuated by crocetin. Hemorrhagic shock resulted in a significant elevation in malondialdehyde production and was accompanied by a reduction in total superoxide dismutase activity, activation of nuclear factor κB, and overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. These changes were significantly attenuated by crocetin at 2 h after resuscitation. These results suggested that crocetin blocks inflammatory cascades by inhibiting production of reactive oxygen species and restoring superoxide dismutase activity to ameliorate renal dysfunction caused by hemorrhage shock and resuscitation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Training Administration, Department of Medical Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yunbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Junling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Zhenghong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C487773:trans-sodium crocetinate; D014801:Vitamin A; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002338:Carotenoids; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase