title: Supplementation of highly concentrated β-cryptoxanthin in a satsuma mandarin beverage improves adipocytokine profiles in obese Japanese women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serum β-cryptoxanthin levels are lower in overweight subjects than in normal subjects. Abnormalities of adipocytokine profiles in obesity subjects have been reported. There are several reports that serum β-cryptoxanthin levels in them were relatively lower than normal subjects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesize that supplementation of highly concentrated β-cryptoxanthin improves serum adipocytokine profiles in obese subjects. This study tested the association between β-cryptoxanthin intake and serum adipocytokine levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  An intervention study consisted of a 3-week long before-and-after controlled trial, where β-cryptoxanthin (4.7 mg/day) was given to 17 moderately obese postmenopausal women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated no significant changes in body weight or body mass index (BMI). Serum β-cryptoxanthin levels increased significantly by 4-fold. Serum high molecular weight (HMW)-adiponectin levels increased significantly, while serum plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 levels decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that increasing the intake of β-cryptoxanthin to approximately 4 mg per day for 3 weeks may have beneficial effects on the serum adipocytokine status and consequently alleviate progression of metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jounan-Ku, Fukuoka 814-0198, Japan. iwamoto@nakamura-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Bungo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shirouchi
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D001628:Beverages; D002957:Citrus; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D017698:Postmenopause; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D008055:Lipids; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; D024341:Xanthophylls