title: Thoracic duct injury due to left subclavicular vein catheterization: A new conservative approach to a chyle fistula using biological glue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A thoracic duct injury complicated with a chylous fistula is a rather rare occurrence associated with left subclavicular catheterization. We present a new method of its conservative management which seems to be the least interventional described so far. It can be used in cases of this iatrogenic injury irrespective of the rate of chyle loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our case report involves a 59-year-old patient with a high-output chyle fistula due to left subclavicular vein catheterization, in which biological cyanoacrylic glue was used through percutaneous infusion to the venous angle, where the thoracic duct was leaking. An extensive review of the relevant literature is presented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most of the high-output fistulas require a long time of conservative treatment, which may result in severe complications due to the prolongation of chyle loss. An operation may be needed in selected cases. Our proposed interventional method can be used in cases of percutaneous injury of a chyle duct, with immediate results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An iatrogenic chyle fistula due to left subclavicular catheterization can be obtained with a percutaneous injection of biological glue directly onto the injured vessel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Thriassio General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ninos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Anestis
authors.forename: Farazi-Chongouki
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Christos
authors.forename: Pougouras
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ioannis
authors.forename: Iordanou
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Christos
authors.forename: Palivos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lampros
authors.forename: Pierrakakis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stephanos