title: Poloxamines for deswelling of organ-cultured corneas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Poloxamines are amphiphilic tetrofunctional block copolymers composed of four polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene arms joined to a central ethylene diamine bridge. Their safe profile allows diverse pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess their use for corneal deswelling using a porcine model of organ culture (OC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five poloxamines (T90R4, T904, T908, T1107 and T1307) were dissolved in a standard commercial OC medium (control) to reach 350 mosm kg(-1). In vitro cytotoxicity was tested using MTT assay on human corneal epithelial and endothelial cell (EC) lines and on primary human corneal fibroblasts. Paired porcine corneas stored in OC for 3 days were assigned for 48 h to a poloxamine medium or to a standard deswelling medium containing 5% dextran T500. Corneal EC density, morphometry, mortality, stromal thickness and transparency were evaluated before and after deswelling. Post-deswelling, EC viability/mortality was determined using a fluorescent live/dead assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Besides similar corneal thickness reduction and transparency improvement, T908, T1107 and T1307 decreased EC loss (5.4 ± 1.7% vs. 9.9 ± 2.6% in controls (p < 0.001)) and mortality, improved EC morphometry and reduced endothelial lesions compared to dextran.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On this porcine model, poloxamines T908, T1107 and T1307 appear as good candidates to replace dextran for the deswelling. Experiments on human corneas are now necessary to confirm their efficiency and safety profile in OC.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory 'Biology, Imaging and Engineering of Corneal Graft' EA2521, SFR143, Faculty of Medicine, University Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Campolmi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thuret
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Piselli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Acquart
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peoc'h
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D060527:Corneal Keratocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003911:Dextrans / Q000633:toxicity; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000633:toxicity; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D005029:Ethylenediamines; C112299:Tetronic 1107; C012571:tetronic 701; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols