title: Drug induced rhabdomyolysis.
abstract: Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical condition of potential life threatening destruction of skeletal muscle caused by diverse mechanisms including drugs and toxins. Given the fact that structurally not related compounds cause an identical phenotype pinpoints to common targets or pathways, responsible for executing rhabdomyolysis. A drop in myoplasmic ATP paralleled with sustained elevations in cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration represents a common signature of rhabdomyolysis. Interestingly, cardiac tissue is hardly affected or only secondary, as a consequence of imbalance in electrolytes or acid-base equilibrium. This dogma is now impaired by compounds, which show up with combined toxicity in heart and skeletal muscle. In this review, cases of rhabdomyolysis with novel recently approved drugs will be explored for new target mechanisms in the light of previously described pathomechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Vienna, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Währingerstrasse 13A, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. martin.hohenegger@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hohenegger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D015742:Propofol