title: Hepatoprotective activity of Feronia limonia root.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of a methanolic extract and of marmesin isolated from the root bark of Feronia limonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Activity levels of aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), cell viability and cell death were evaluated in HepG2 cells (human liver hepatoma cells) treated with CCl₄ in the presence or absence of F. limonia extract or marmesin. Plasma activity levels of AST, ALT, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, protein, hepatic antioxidants, lipid peroxidation and histopathological evaluations were carried out in rats treated with CCl₄ alone or co-supplemented with F. limonia extract or marmesin in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In-vitro co-supplementation of F. limonia methanolic extract or marmesin significantly minimized alteration in levels of AST and ALT and improved cell viability. Oral administration of F. limonia methanolic extract or marmesin significantly prevented CCl₄-induced elevation in the plasma markers of hepatic damage and hepatic lipid peroxidation and a decrease in hepatic antioxidants. In-vivo hepatoprotective potential of F. limonia methanolic extract and marmesin was evident from the minimal alterations in the histoarchitecture of liver.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This has been the first scientific report on the hepatoprotective potential of F. limonia root bark methanolic extract and marmesin.
authors.affiliation: Herbal Drug Technology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, The M. S. University of Baroda, Kalabhavan, Vadodara, Gujarat, India. mjainms@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Rakhee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapadia
authors.forename: Ravirajsinh N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jadeja
authors.forename: Menaka C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Thounaojam
authors.forename: Ranjitsinh V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Devkar
authors.forename: Shri H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003374:Coumarins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027821:Rutaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D003374:Coumarins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; C001684:marmesin