title: Aging might augment reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and affect reactive nitrogen species (RNS) level after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in both humans and rats.
abstract: Previous studies indicate aging results in significantly decreased cardiac function and increased myocardial apoptosis after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) in humans or rats. The underlying mechanisms of aging-exacerbated effects remain unknown. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are known to play vital roles in aging-related MI/R injury. Heretofore, the effects of aging upon ROS and RNS formation were not investigated in humans, which is the focus of the current study. Due to experimental limitations with clinical trials, an additional animal experiment was performed. All enrolled acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) therapy. AMI patients were assigned into two groups: adult (age <65, n = 34) and elderly (age ≥65, n = 45) AMI patients. Blood samples were obtained from all study participants at 24 h and 3 days post-PCI. Plasma/white blood cell (WBC) ROS and RNS markers (malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, NOx, and nitrotyrosine) were determined. The same markers were determined in rat cardiac tissue after 24 h MI/R. Compared to the adult group, elderly patients manifested increased plasma MDA and MPO and decreased plasma GSH concentrations. No significant differences in plasma NOx or nitrotyrosine concentration existed between adult and elderly patients. Furthermore, WBC iNOS activity in elderly patients was significantly decreased compared to the adult group. The measurement of ROS markers in the rat experiments was consistent and supported human study data. Surprisingly, RNS markers (NOx and nitrotyrosine) in blood and heart tissue increased from young to middle-aged rats but decreased from middle age to old age. Aging augments ROS, which might exacerbate MI/R injury. Additionally, our data support aging-induced changes of RNS levels in humans and rats in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital-Affiliate of Beijing Capital Medical University, 8 Gongtinan Road, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China. fanqian75@sina.com
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Mulei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiangyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Wayne Bond
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Hong-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Miaobing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000379:methods*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D062645:Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000097:blood*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species