title: Delivery of epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSC) to hippocamp in Alzheimer's disease rat model.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neuronal loss in hippocamp. Epidermal neural crest stem cells (EPI-NCSC) can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of transplanting EPI-NCSC into AD rat model.
  
  
  
  Two weeks after induction of AD by injection of Amyloid-β1-40 into CA1 area of rat hippocamp, Y-maze and single-trial passive avoidance tests were used to show deficit of learning and memory abilities. EPI-NCSC were obtained from the vibrissa hair follicle of rat, cultured and labeled with bromodeoxyuridine. When Alzheimer was proved by behavioral tests, EPI-NCSC was transplanted into CA3 area of hippocamp in AD rat model. The staining of EPI-NCSC markers (nestin and SOX10) was done in vitro. Double-labeling immunofluorescence was performed to study survival and differentiation of the grafted cells.
  
  
  
  We showed that transplanted EPI-NCSC survive and produce many neurons and a few glial cells, presenting glial fibrillary acidic protein. Total number of granule cells in hippocamp was estimated to be more in the AD rat model with transplanted cells as compared to AD control group. We observed that rats with hippocampal damage made more errors than control rats on the Y-maze, when reward locations were reversed.
  
  
  
  Transplanted cells were migrated to all areas of hippocamp and the total number of granule cell in treatment group was equal compared to control group. Transplantation of EPI-NCSC into hippocamp might differentiate into cholinergic neurons and could cure impairment of memory in AD rat model.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.|Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, Iran.
authors.forename: Banafshe
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Esmaeilzade
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Histology and Neuroscience, School 
  of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Anti-Microbial Resistance Research Center, 
  Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Maliheh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nobakht
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Taghi
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Joghataei
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, 
  Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rahbar Roshandel
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
authors.forename: Homa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rasouli
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medicine, 
  Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samadi Kuchaksaraei
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
  Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran.
authors.forename: Seyed Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, 
  Ardebil University of Medical Sciences, Ardebil, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nowruz
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Najafzade
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asalgoo
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
authors.forename: Leila Beygom
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hejazian
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moghani Ghoroghi
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D056654:CA3 Region, Hippocampal / Q000166:cytology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D059329:Cholinergic Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018782:Maze Learning; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000637:transplantation*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C551407:amyloid-beta(40-1)-Gly8-1-40 peptide; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine