title: Linking Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) data to tobacco control policy in Turkey--2003 and 2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this paper is to use data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in Turkey in 2003 and 2009 to examine changes in tobacco use and important tobacco control measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The GYTS were conducted in grades 7-9 in 2003 and 7-10 in 2009 in Turkey. Data in this paper are limited to 13 to 15 year old students. A total of 15,957 students from 202 schools participated in 2003 and 5,054 students from 69 schools participated in 2009. The overall response rate was 92.1% in 2003 and 87.5% in 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 2003 and 2009 current cigarette smoking did not change significantly for either boys (9.4% to 10.2%) or girls (3.5% to 5.3%). Current cigarette smoking was higher among boys than girls in 2003 and in 2009. In 2009, half of students reported they had been exposed to second hand smoking (SHS) at home and 80% reported they had been exposed to SHS in public places. Three in ten students reported they had been exposed to pro-tobacco advertising in newspapers or magazines; one in ten had an object with a cigarette brand logo on it; and 7% had been offered free cigarettes by a cigarette company representative. Two-thirds of current cigarette smokers reported that they wanted to stop smoking; and almost two-thirds had been taught in school in the past year about the dangers of smoking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Passing and implementing the Law No. 4207 on Prevention of Hazards of Tobacco Products, ratifying the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), raising tax on tobacco, and requiring pictorial warning labels were important steps forward for tobacco control in Turkey. However, as to the tobacco control much work yet to be accomplished including developing an effective enforcement plan for all tobacco control efforts.
authors.affiliation: World Health Organization Country Office for Turkey, Ankara, Turkey. ergudert@euro.who.int
authors.forename: Toker
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erguder
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.forename: Ceylan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arpad
authors.forename: Rule Nabil
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Juliette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lea
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000329:Advertising; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014026:Nicotiana
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution