title: Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) and Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (G1) loads in cattle from Southern Brazil.
abstract: Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (G1) and Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) are haplotypes of the parasite formerly known as Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato, which in its larval stage causes cystic hydatid disease, endemic in Southern Brazil. Epidemiological and molecular knowledge about the haplotypes occurring in a region is essential to control the spread of the disease. The aim of this work was to analyze the haplotype frequency and fertility of hydatid cysts in cattle from the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Cysts were collected and classified according to their fertility status. DNA was extracted from protoscoleces and germinal layers and then used as template for the amplification of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene by PCR. Amplicons were purified and sequenced, and the sequences were analyzed for haplotype identification. A total of 638 fertile cysts collected in the last ten years were genotyped. On average, G1 (56.6%) was more frequent than G5 (43.4%). In lungs, the G5 haplotype exhibited a higher parasite load (52.8%), whereas in the liver, G1 was more frequent (90.4%). The analysis revealed an increase in the frequency of G5 haplotype cysts during the period of sampling, and an increase in the abundance of fertile cysts has also been observed in the last several years. Most infertile cysts were genotyped as G1. The possible factors involved in the increase in the proportion of E. ortleppi (G5) and the consequences of this increase are discussed. This study suggests that the proportion of E. ortleppi (G5) loads in cattle may be increasing overtime.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Helier
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Balbinotti
authors.forename: Guilherme B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Jeferson
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Badaraco
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Arend
authors.forename: Daniel Ângelo S
authors.initials: DÂ
authors.lastname: Graichen
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: Arnaldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004446:Echinococcus / Q000235:genetics*; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000235:genetics; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006321:Heart / Q000469:parasitology; D007668:Kidney / Q000469:parasitology; D008099:Liver / Q000469:parasitology; D008168:Lung / Q000469:parasitology; D059208:Parasite Load / Q000662:veterinary*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012044:Regression Analysis; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000662:veterinary; D013154:Spleen / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV