title: Establishment of a national surveillance system for alcohol-based hand rub consumption and change in consumption over 4 years.
abstract: Germany established a national surveillance system for alcohol-based hand rub consumption (AHC) in 2008. In 2010, the median AHC was 83 mL/patient-day in 543 intensive care units (ICUs) and 18 mL/patient-day in 4,638 non-ICUs. There was a median increase in AHC of 35.9% (P < .01) in 159 hospitals that participated in the surveillance system for 4 years.
authors.affiliation: National Reference Center for Surveillance of Nosocomial Infections, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Behnke
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gastmeier
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Geffers
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mönch
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reichardt
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D019985:Benchmarking; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000639:trends*; D005858:Germany; D006235:Hand Disinfection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local