title: Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antitumor activities of the essential oils and crude extracts of Euphorbia macrorrhiza.
abstract: The present study aimed to examine the chemical composition and biological activity of essential oils extracted from Euphorbia macrorrhiza collected from Northwest China. The major constituents of the essential oils of aerial parts and roots of E. macrorrhiza are acorenone B (16.72% and 25.80%), (+)-cycloisosativene (14.94% and 12.40%), 3a-hydroxy-5b-androstane (10.62% and 5.52%), copaene (7.37% and 6.29%), l-calamenene (4.13% and 4.65%) and β-cedrene (8.40% and 7.98%), respectively. The minor components of them are thymene, γ-terpinene, thymecamphor, α-cedrene, zingiberene, trans-caryophyllene, β-chamigrene, curcumene, pentadecane, (-)-α-muurolene, cuparene, γ-cadinene, (Z)-3-heptadecene, 1,3,7,7-tetramethyl-2-oxabicyclo(4.4.0)dec-5-en-4-one, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, γ-elixene and palmitinic acid. The antimicrobial and antitumor activitiy of the E. macrorrhiza essential oil against Staphyloccocus aureus, Escherichia coli, Canidia Albicans and Caco-2 cells were evaluated. Among all the tested microorganisms and Caco-2 cells, the essential oils showed the strongest inhibitory effect on Staphyloccocus aureus (MIC = 2.8 μg/mL) and Caco-2 cell (IC₅₀ = 11.86 μg/mL), whereas no effect on Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The data of this study suggested that the E. macrorrhiza essential oils have great potential as a natural medicine for microbial infections and cancers.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.forename: Jiangling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Haji Akber
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Aisa
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts