title: Systemic antibiotics and debridement of peri-implant mucositis. A randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This RCT compared non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis with or without systemic antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight subjects received non-surgical debridement with or without systemic Azithromax (®) (4 days), and were followed during 6 months. The checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method was used to analyse the microbiological material.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five subjects were excluded due to antibiotic medication during follow-up. At baseline,1 and 3 months no group differences were found. Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate differences in probing pocket depths (PPD) values at 6 months (Mean diff PPD: 0.5 mm, SE: ±0.4 mm, 95% CI: -0.2, 1.3, p = 0.16). Mean% implant bleeding decreased between baseline and month 6 from 82.6% to 27.3% in the test, and from 80.0% to 47.5% in the control group (p < 0.02). Throughout the study, no study group differences in bacterial counts were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No short-term differences were found between study groups. The clinical improvements observed at 6 months may be attributed to improvements in oral hygiene. The present study does not provide evidence for the use of systemic antibiotics in treatment of peri-implant mucositis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Maxillofacial Unit, Hospital of Halland, Halmstad, Sweden.
authors.forename: Hadar
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hallström
authors.forename: G Rutger
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Susann
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindgren
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olofsson
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Renvert
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002167:Campylobacter / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D052016:Mucositis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D057747:Periodontal Debridement; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D015921:Dental Implants; D017963:Azithromycin