title: Ethnic differences in the effect of drug use and drug dependence on brief motivational interventions targeting alcohol use.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined the effects of baseline drug use and dependence on alcohol use outcomes following brief motivational intervention for at-risk drinking (BMI-ETOH).
  
  
  METHODS
  HLM models were developed to test the interaction of drug use and dependence with BMI-ETOH for alcohol use among Hispanic (n=539), Caucasian (n=667), and black (n=287) patients admitted to a Level-1 trauma center who screened positive for alcohol misuse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses of an interaction of drug dependence and BMI-ETOH at baseline showed significant positive effects among Hispanics but not Caucasians or Blacks at six- and 12-months for percent days abstinent (6-month: B=0.27, SE=0.10, p=0.006; 12-month: B=0.41, SE=0.11, p<0.001), volume per week (6-month: B=-1.91, SE=0.77, p=0.01; 12-month: B = -2.71, SE=0.86, p=0.002), and maximum amount consumed (6-month: B = -1.08, SE=0.46, p=0.02; 12-month: B = -1.62, SE=0.52, p=0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Baseline drug dependence did not negatively impact drinking outcomes. Among Hispanics, those with drug dependence at baseline who received a BMI-ETOH demonstrated consistent improvements across drinking outcomes. While the effects of drug use at baseline on drinking outcomes following BMI-ETOH varied by type of drug used and ethnicity, additional research is required.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas at Austin, School of Social Work, Center for Social Work Research, Health Behavior Research and Training Institute, 78703, USA. craig.field@austin.utexas.edu
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Field
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cochran
authors.forename: Raul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caetano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D044383:Black People; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D062405:Motivational Interviewing; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D044465:White People