title: Revision ACL reconstruction using contralateral hamstrings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Due to the increasing number of primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions, the need for revision surgery has risen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of contralateral doubled semitendinosus and gracilis tendon (DGST) for revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients undergoing revision ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon were examined at an average follow-up of 3 years. All patients underwent a thorough subjective and objective evaluation, which included a KT-1000 arthrometric evaluation, and a radiographic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjective evaluation yielded a median score of 5.5 (range 2-9) on the Tegner activity scale. The mean Lysholm score was 95 (SD 9.5), and the mean subjective IKDC 2000 score was 95.4 (SD 7.8). At physical examination, a negative Lachman test was found in ten patients; one patient had a positive Lachman test with a firm end-point, and one other patient had a clearly positive Lachman test. Two patients had a grade 1+ on pivot shift testing. Only 1 patient showed a side-to-side difference more than 5 mm at the maximum manual KT-1000 arthrometer. Three patients (25 %) showed initial signs of osteoarthritis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study show that the use of hamstring tendons harvested from the unaffected knee represents a valid option for revision surgery following a failed primary ACL reconstruction using DGST grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors.affiliation: Azienda Ospedaliera S. Andrea, Via di Grottarossa, 1035, Rome, Italy. aferretti51@virgilio.it
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monaco
authors.forename: Ludovico
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Caperna
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Palma
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conteduca
mesh_terms: D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D012086:Reoperation; D013710:Tendons / Q000637:transplantation*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D055815:Young Adult