title: [Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (2nd part). Diagnostic and treatment tools in psychiatric or central nervous system manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus].
abstract: Neurological and psychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus are a heterogeneous set of clinical manifestations grouped under the term of "neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus". The classification of these manifestations published in 1999 has harmonized the definitions cases used in the studies but did not help the clinician to positively identify a specific manifestation of lupus or a neurological or psychiatric event occurred independently of the disease. Published cases series help us to identify neurological or psychiatric manifestations of lupus but modern diagnosis tools contribution have to be evaluated in order to optimize diagnosis management of such manifestations and to distinguish specific events related to lupus and independent manifestations. In this second part of our literature review about neuropsychiatric lupus, we propose to identify arguments, which could be in favor of lupus responsibility in front of a neurological or psychiatric event, and immunosuppressive treatments which are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine interne, centre de référence maladies auto-immunes et systémiques rares (sclérodermie), université Lille Nord de France, hôpital Claude-Huriez, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille cedex, France; EA2686, faculté de médecine H. Warembourg, université Lille Nord de France, institut d'immunologie, 59037 Lille, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lefèvre
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zéphir
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Michelin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Semah
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Warembourg
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pruvo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hachulla
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lenfant
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dubucquoi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vermersch
authors.forename: P-Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Hatron
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Launay
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D003943:Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D020945:Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests