title: Proteomic profiling of nephrotic syndrome in serum using magnetic bead based sample fractionation & MALDI-TOF MS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  At present, the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome (NS) requires a renal biopsy which is an invasive procedure. We undertook this pilot study to develop an alternative method and potential new biomarkers for diagnosis, and validated a set of well-integrated tools called ClinProt to investigate serum petidome in NS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The fasting blood samples from 49 patients diagnosed with NS by renal biopsy, including 17 mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN), 12 minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), 10 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and 10 membranous nephropathy (MN), were collected and screened to describe their variability of the serum peptidome. The results in NS group were compared with those in 10 control healthy individuals. Specimens were purified with magnetic beads-based weak cation exchange chromatography and analyzed in a MALDI-TOF MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed 43, 61, 45 and 19 differential peptide peaks in MsPGN, MCNS, MN and FSGS groups, respectively. A Genetic Algorithm was used to set up the classification models. Cross validation of healthy controls from MsPGN, MCNS, MN and FSGS was 96.18, 100, 98.53 and 94.12 per cent, respectively. The recognition capabilities were 100 per cent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed that proteomic analysis of serum with MALDI-TOF MS is a fast and reproducible approach, which may give an early idea of the pathology of nephrotic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Medical Research Center, the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiejing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huaying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018189:Immunomagnetic Separation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides