title: IFN-λ inhibits HIV-1 integration and post-transcriptional events in vitro, but there is only limited in vivo repression of viral production.
abstract: The lambda interferons (IL-28a, 28b, and IL-29) inhibit the replication of many viruses, but their role in the inhibition of HIV-1 infection remains unclear. During this study, we monitored IL-29 production in HIV-1 infected individuals and analyzed the in vitro and in vivo inhibition of HIV-1 production. Prior treatment with IL-28a or IL-29 induced an antiviral state in cultured primary T-cells, which suppressed HIV-1 integration and post-transcriptional events. The antiviral factors MxA, OAS, and PKR were up-regulated. In HIV-1 infected patients, IL-29 level was increased along with the depletion of CD4⁺ T-cells in peripheral blood, while the elevated IL-29 did not show a significantly negative correlation with viral load. Further analysis of HIV-1 infected individuals showed that IL-29 was positively correlated with IFN-β and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and was negatively correlated with IFN-γ, which might suggest that IFN-λ participates in modulating antiviral immune responses during HIV-1 infection in vivo. Together, although IFN-λ impeded HIV-1 infection of T-cells in vitro, IFN-λ showed only limited in vivo repression of viral production. The modulation of IFN-λ on inflammatory factors might be worthy for further concentrating on for better understanding the host immune response during HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Ren-Rong
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Hong-Xiong
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Ji-Fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Chuan-Kun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shao-Heng
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000097:blood; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D007372:Interferons; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load; D016662:Virus Integration / Q000276:immunology*; D000095022:Interferon Lambda
chemical_list: D016899:Interferon-beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007372:Interferons; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007378:Interleukins; C000624353:interferon-lambda, human; D000095022:Interferon Lambda