title: [Apparently matured oocytes injected in telophase I have worse outcomes from assisted reproduction].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the nuclear maturation stage and the presence of meiotic spindles of in vivo matured oocytes from infertile women undergoing stimulated cycles for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and compare intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes between oocytes in telophase I (TI) and metaphase II (MII), and the ones with and without visible meiotic spindle.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective and controlled study with 106 infertile patients who underwent ovarian stimulation for intracytoplasmic sperm injection purposes. Patients aged 38 years or less, with basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) less than 10 mIU/mL and body mass index (BMI) less than 30 kg/m². Were included patients presenting any systemic diseases, any active infection, smokers or patients who had been using hormonal medications and hormonal and nonhormonal anti-inflammatory drugs for the past two months prior to the assisted reproduction procedure were excluded. The oocytes with the first polar body extruded (in vivo matured oocytes) were imaged by polarization microscopy immediately before intracytoplasmic sperm injection and characterized according to nuclear maturation stage (telophase I and metaphase II) and to the presence of a meiotic spindle. We analyzed the fertilization rates, cleavage, number of good quality embryos on the second day (D2) from oocytes on telophase I versus those in metaphase II, and metaphase II visible spindle versus non-visible ones. Data were analyzed comparatively by Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at 5% in all analyses (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The meiotic spindles of 516 oocytes were imaged using polarization microscopy. From the 516 oocytes analyzed, seventeen were in telophase I (3.3%) and 499 (96.7%) in metaphase II. The oocytes injected in telophase I had significantly lower fertilization rates than those injected in metaphase II (53 and 78%, respectively) and produced no good quality embryos on day 2. When the oocytes with and without a visible meiotic spindle were compared, there was no significant difference in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oocytes injected in telophase I showed lower fertilization rates when compared to those in metaphase II. It is possible that the analysis of oocyte nuclear maturation by polarization microscopy can be used as a predictor of fertilization after intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-graduação do Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - USP - Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brasil.
authors.forename: Luciana Azôr
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dib
authors.forename: Maria Cristina Picinato Medeiros de
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Roberta Cristina
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Giorgenon
authors.forename: Rui Alberto
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ferriani
authors.forename: Paula Andrea de Albuquerque Sales
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Navarro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D059471:In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques; D007267:Injections; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013692:Telophase