title: Influence of fourth generation poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers on blood cells.
abstract: Dendrimers provide many exciting opportunities for potential biomedical applications. However, owing to their positively charged surfaces, poly(propyleneimine) (PPI) dendrimers show toxic and haemolytic activities. One of the methods for masking the peripheral cationic groups is to modify them using carbohydrate residues. In this study, three types of the fourth generation PPI dendrimers-uncoated (PPI-g4), approximately 35% maltotriose (Mal-III)-coated (PPI-g4-OS), and approximately 90% Mal-III-coated (PPI-g4-DS) were investigated by assessing their effects on red blood cell (RBC) haemolysis in samples of pure RBCs, RBCs in the presence of human serum albumin (HSA) or human plasma, and RBCs in whole blood. Lymphocyte proliferation and platelet (PLT) aggregation were also studied in the presence of various concentrations of dendrimers. Although all dendrimers examined affected all the blood cells studied, the unmodified PPI-g4 had the most damaging effect. It caused high RBC haemolysis rates and PLT aggregation and greatly inhibited lymphocyte proliferation. These effects were caused by the cationic surface of this polymer. The modification of PPI-g4 with Mal-III reduced the effect of the dendrimer on all blood cells. The presence of HSA or plasma in the buffer containing the RBCs or RBC in whole blood significantly decreased the extent of dendrimer-driven haemolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biophysics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. barzie@biol.uni.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ziemba
authors.forename: Inessa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Halets
authors.forename: Dzmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shcharbin
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Appelhans
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Voit
authors.forename: Ireneusz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pieszynski
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bryszewska
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klajnert
mesh_terms: D001773:Blood Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D011126:Polypropylenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D050091:Dendrimers; D011126:Polypropylenes; D014312:Trisaccharides; C443641:poly(propyleneimine); C008317:maltotriose