title: [Distribution of human enterovirus 71 in brainstem of infants with brain stem encephalitis and infection mechanism].
abstract: To explore the mechanism that how human enterovirus 71 (EV71) invades the brainstem and how intercellular adhesion molecules-1 (ICAM-1) participates by analyzing the expression and distribution of human EV71, and ICAM-1 in brainstem of infants with brain stem encephalitis.
  
  
  
  Twenty-two brainstem of infants with brain stem encephalitis were collected as the experimental group and 10 brainstems of fatal congenital heart disease were selected as the control group. The sections with perivascular cuffings were selected to observe EV71-VP1 expression by immunohistochemistry method and ICAM-1 expression was detected for the sections with EV71-VP1 positive expression. The staining image analysis and statistics analysis were performed. The experiment and control groups were compared.
  
  
  
  (1) EV71-VP1 positive cells in the experimental group were mainly astrocytes in brainstem with [dark]-brown particles, and the control group was negative. (2) ICAM-1 positive cells showed [dark]-brown. The expression in inflammatory cells (around blood vessels of brain stem and in glial nodules) and gliocytes increased. The results showed statistical difference comparing with control group (P &amp;lt; 0.05).
  
  
  
  The brainstem encephalitis can be used to diagnose fatal EV71 infection in infants. EV71 can invade the brainstem via hematogenous route. ICAM-1 may play an important role in the pathogenic process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan Medical College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Da-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xiao-Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shui-Ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing-Lu
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Qi-Ming
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1