title: A review of the ecology, genomics, and stress response of Listeria innocua and Listeria monocytogenes.
abstract: Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive foodborne pathogen responsible for a severe disease occurring in immuno-compromised populations. Foodborne illness caused by L. monocytogenes is a serious public health concern because of the high associated mortality. Study of the closely related, but nonpathogenic Listeria innocua has accounted for a better understanding of the behavior of L. monocytogenes in environments beyond the laboratory. Traditionally, the ecological co-habitation, genomic synteny, and physiological similarity of the two species have supported use of L. innocua for predicting the behavior of L. monocytogenes in farm and food processing environments. However, a careful review of the current literature indicates that in a given situation it may not be prudent to use L. innocua as a surrogate for L. monocytogenes without prior confirmation of their similar phenotypes, as an increasing number of studies have arisen demonstrating differences in L. monocytogenes and L. innocua stress response, and furthermore, there are differences among the L. monocytogenes subgroups. Future research should take into consideration that multiple surrogates might be required to accurately model even a single condition depending on the L. monocytogenes subgroup of interest.
authors.affiliation: Center for Food Safety IFSE and Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
authors.forename: Sara R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Milillo
authors.forename: Erik C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Friedly
authors.forename: Joshua C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Saldivar
authors.forename: Arunachalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muthaiyan
authors.forename: Corliss
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Bryan
authors.forename: Philip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Crandall
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ricke
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005511:Food Handling; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D008087:Listeria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000382:microbiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D010641:Phenotype; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins