title: mTORC1 is essential for leukemia propagation but not stem cell self-renewal.
abstract: Although dysregulation of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) promotes leukemogenesis, how mTORC1 affects established leukemia is unclear. We investigated the role of mTORC1 in mouse hematopoiesis using a mouse model of conditional deletion of Raptor, an essential component of mTORC1. Raptor deficiency impaired granulocyte and B cell development but did not alter survival or proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells. In a mouse model of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), Raptor deficiency significantly suppressed leukemia progression by causing apoptosis of differentiated, but not undifferentiated, leukemia cells. mTORC1 did not control cell cycle or cell growth in undifferentiated AML cells in vivo. Transplantation of Raptor-deficient undifferentiated AML cells in a limiting dilution revealed that mTORC1 is essential for leukemia initiation. Strikingly, a subset of AML cells with undifferentiated phenotypes survived long-term in the absence of mTORC1 activity. We further demonstrated that the reactivation of mTORC1 in those cells restored their leukemia-initiating capacity. Thus, AML cells lacking mTORC1 activity can self-renew as AML stem cells. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into how residual tumor cells circumvent anticancer therapies and drive tumor recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer and Stem Cell Research Program, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoshii
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tadokoro
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ooshio
authors.forename: Teruyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muraguchi
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Tomoyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soga
authors.forename: Kimi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirao
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076223:Regulatory-Associated Protein of mTOR; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D011506:Proteins; D000076223:Regulatory-Associated Protein of mTOR; C540162:Rptor protein, mouse; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases