title: Assessment of post-stroke fatigue: the fatigue scale for motor and cognitive functions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is an important but still controversial issue since knowledge on its nature is still humble. The aim of the present study was to characterize PSF beyond the subacute phase.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one stroke patients (gender: 6 female, 25 male; age range: 35-76 years; 28 patients with ischemic stroke, 3 patients with hemorrhagic stroke; mean delay after stroke: 50.65 ± 31.57 days) were recruited and assessed by measures of fatigue (Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive Functions [FSMC], Fatigue Severity Scale, and Modified Fatigue Impact Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory Fast Screen), cognition (Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests) and upper and lower extremity functions (Nine-Hole Peg Test and 25-foot walk).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depending on the different scales, PSF prevalence ranged from 16.1 to 58.1%. Depression measures correlated significantly (r(29) ≥ 0.46; p < 0.01) with the results of all fatigue scales. Seventy-one percent of patients showed cognitive deficits in at least one cognitive domain. Cognitive fatigue measured by one subscale of the FSMC correlated most significantly with mental speed, working memory, and verbal short-term memory, while the motor subscale was associated with upper and lower extremity functions, mental speed, visual short-term memory, and working memory. A differentiation between lesion localization and fatigue severity in the motor or cognitive domain was only possible when applying the FSMC. Patients with cortical lesions scored higher on the cognitive subscale, while patients with subcortical lesions showed higher physical subscale scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present pilot study revealed differences between lesion localization and subdomains of fatigue after stroke by applying a new fatigue scale (FSMC). The results underline the necessity for separate assessment of motor and cognitive fatigue in stroke patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hubacher
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bassetti
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carota
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stöcklin
authors.forename: Iris-Katharina
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Penner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005221:Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*