title: Effect of dietary supplements in reducing probability of death for uremic crises in dogs affected by chronic kidney disease (masked RCCT).
abstract: Chitosan and alkalinizing agents can decrease morbidity and mortality in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Whether this holds true in dog is not known. Objective of the study was to determine whether a commercial dietary supplement containing chitosan, phosphate binders, and alkalinizing agents (Renal), compared to placebo, reduces mortality rate due to uremic crises in dogs with spontaneous CKD, fed a renal diet (RD). A masked RCCT was performed including 31 azotemic dogs with spontaneous CKD. Dogs enrolled in the study were randomly allocated to receive RD plus placebo (group A; 15 dogs) or RD plus Renal (group B; 16 dogs). During a first 4-week period, all dogs were fed an RD and then randomized and clinically evaluated up to 44 weeks. The effects of dietary supplements on mortality rate due to uremic crises were assessed. At 44 weeks, compared to group A, dogs in group B had approximately 50% lower mortality rate due to uremic crises (P = 0.015). Dietary supplementation with chitosan, phosphate binders, and alkalinizing agents, along with an RD, is beneficial in reducing mortality rate in dogs with spontaneous CKD.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Veterinaria Pirani, Nephrology and Urology Division, Via Majakowski 2/L,M,N, 42124 Reggio Emilia, Italy. az@clinicaveterinariapirani.it
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zatelli
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierantozzi
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: D'Ippolito
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bigliati
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D019357:Potassium Citrate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011897:Random Allocation; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014511:Uremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D019343:Citric Acid; D048271:Chitosan; D003404:Creatinine; D019357:Potassium Citrate; D002119:Calcium Carbonate