title: Peroxiredoxins are conserved markers of circadian rhythms.
abstract: Cellular life emerged ∼3.7 billion years ago. With scant exception, terrestrial organisms have evolved under predictable daily cycles owing to the Earth's rotation. The advantage conferred on organisms that anticipate such environmental cycles has driven the evolution of endogenous circadian rhythms that tune internal physiology to external conditions. The molecular phylogeny of mechanisms driving these rhythms has been difficult to dissect because identified clock genes and proteins are not conserved across the domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota. Here we show that oxidation-reduction cycles of peroxiredoxin proteins constitute a universal marker for circadian rhythms in all domains of life, by characterizing their oscillations in a variety of model organisms. Furthermore, we explore the interconnectivity between these metabolic cycles and transcription-translation feedback loops of the clockwork in each system. Our results suggest an intimate co-evolution of cellular timekeeping with redox homeostatic mechanisms after the Great Oxidation Event ∼2.5 billion years ago.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
authors.forename: Rachel S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Edgar
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Gerben
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Ooijen
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olmedo
authors.forename: Ximing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Utham K
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Valekunja
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Feeney
authors.forename: Elizabeth S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Maywood
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hastings
authors.forename: Nitin S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Baliga
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merrow
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Millar
authors.forename: Carl H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Charalambos P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Kyriacou
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Akhilesh B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Reddy
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001105:Archaea / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011387:Prokaryotic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054464:Peroxiredoxins