title: microRNA  30A promotes autophagy in response to cancer therapy.
abstract: microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs play important roles in the regulation of development, growth, and metastasis of cancer, and in determining the response of tumor cells to anticancer therapy. In recent years, they have also emerged as important regulators of autophagy, a lysosomal-mediated pathway that contributes to degradation of a cell's own components. Imatinib, a targeted competitive inhibitor of the BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase, has revolutionized the clinical treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We demonstrate that MIR30A-mediated autophagy enhances imatinib resistance against CML including primary stem and progenitor cells. MIR30A, but not MIR101, is a potent inhibitor of autophagy by selectively downregulating BECN1 and ATG5 expression in CML cells. MIR30A mimics, as well as knockdown of BECN1 and ATG5, increases intrinsic apoptotic pathways. In contrast, the antagomir-30A increases autophagy and inhibits intrinsic apoptotic pathways, confirming that autophagy serves to protect against apoptosis. Taken together, these data clarify some of the underlying molecular mechanisms of tyrosine kinase inhibitor-induced autophagy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. yyaner8645@sina.com
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Lizhi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Liangchun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lotze
authors.forename: Daolin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001549:Benzamides; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; C546086:MIRN30b microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D010879:Piperazines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate