title: Overexpressions of RACK1 and CD147 associated with poor prognosis in stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  RACK1 has been shown to be able to interact with some key cellular proteins involved in tumor development and progression. Our study showed that the expressions of RACK1 and CD147 are correlated with each other. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between expression of RACK1 and CD147 in 180 patients with operable stage T1 human pulmonary adenocarcinoma and their clinicopathological features and prognostic significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA transfection and RNA interference of RACK1 were conducted to produce pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines with differential RACK1 expression. Western blot and RT-PCR were used to quantify RACK1 and CD147 expression in protein and mRNA levels in pulmonary adenocarcinoma cell lines. Immunohistochemistry, double-labeling immunofluorescence, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and Western blot were used to correlate the clinicopathological significance of RACK1 and CD147 expression in cases of stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We detected high levels of RACK1 and CD147 mRNA as well as protein expression in pulmonary adenocarcinoma in vitro. In pulmonary adenocarcinoma, the expression of RACK1 and CD147 were correlated both in vitro and in vivo. Our clinicopathological analysis demonstrated that RACK1 or CD147 expression correlated with higher incidence of lymph node metastasis and lower differentiation than tumors that were negative for expression of either RACK1 or CD147. The expression of RACK1 and CD147 was not associated with the patient age or gender. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the co-overexpression of RACK1 and CD147 was an independent prognostic factor for stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma (P = 0.012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumor invasiveness is associated with expression of RACK1 and CD147 in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The co-expression of RACK1 and CD147 could be an important prognostic biomarker for stage T1 pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Xinwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Beibei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Enhua
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuchen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D051926:Basigin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000075370:Receptors for Activated C Kinase; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015996:Survival Rate; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C497886:BSG protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C419368:RACK1 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000075370:Receptors for Activated C Kinase; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051926:Basigin; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins