title: Type 1 diabetes associated and tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies in patients without type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease with confirmed viral infections.
abstract: Coeliac disease and type 1 diabetes are autoimmune diseases that may share the same initiating environmental factors. In this study, the occurrence of type 1 diabetes associated autoantibodies (GADA and IA-2A) and tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (TGA) was determined in patients with confirmed viral infections and no signs of type 1 diabetes or coeliac disease. Serum samples from 82 Cuban patients tested positive for PCR and IgG specific to enterovirus (HEV, serotype echovirus 16, 20 samples), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV, 20 samples), cytomegalovirus (CMV, 21 samples), and hepatitis C virus (HCV, 21 samples); and sera from 164 controls negative serologically to EBV, CMV, HCV, and echovirus 16 were enrolled in the study. All subjects were screened for GADA, IA-2A, and TGA. The prevalence of TGA in patients infected with HEV, EBV, CMV, or HCV was 55% (11/20), 25% (5/20), 9.5% (2/21), and 9.5% (2/21), respectively. GADA and IA-2A were found in 15% (3/20) and 25% (5/20) of patients infected with HEV. None of the patients infected by EBV, CMV, and HCV had GADA or IA-2A. All children infected with HEV who were positive for type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies were also TGA-positive. None of the sera from uninfected subjects were positive for GADA, IA-2A or TGA. In conclusion, TGA can develop during infection with HEV, EBV, CMV, or HCV, while the emergence of islet cell related autoantibodies is restricted to HEV infections. The findings suggest that HEV may be a shared environmental factor for the development of islet and gut-related autoimmunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Pedro Kouri Tropical Medicine Institute, Havana, Cuba. sarmiento@ipk.sld.cu
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sarmiento
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Galvan
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cabrera-Rode
authors.forename: Lazaro
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aira
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Susel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sariego
authors.forename: Magile
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Ileana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cubas-Dueñas
authors.forename: Lai Heng
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Resik
authors.forename: Corrado M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cilio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003462:Cuba; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000276:immunology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001323:Autoantibodies; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase