title: Poor prognosis in chronic heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction in China.
abstract: Most Chinese cardiologists are challenged by the high mortality rate of heart failure (HF) in patients with reduced ejection fraction in China. This study was designed as a single-center, retrospective study. All consecutive HF patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 45% from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2009, were enrolled. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality or the first cardiovascular readmission event. A total of 187 patients comprised the study population, classified into two groups: LVEF ≤ 35% (n=83) and LVEF 36% to 45% (n=104). The median follow-up was 18 months (2-41 months). All-cause mortality was 27% among patients with LVEF ≤ 35%, as compared with 14% among those with LVEF 36% to 45% (P=.025). All-cause mortality or first cardiovascular readmission rates were 53% and 32% among patients with LVEF ≤ 35% and 36% to 45% (P=.003), respectively. The predictors of all-cause mortality were advanced age and New York Heart Association functional class, chronic kidney disease, oral β-blockers, and statins at discharge. The prognosis of chronic HF patients with LVEF ≤ 45% was poor in China, especially for patients with LVEF ≤ 35%. Cardiologists should provide further efforts to improve the prognosis of HF in Chinese patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Zhongwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Kongbo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Taibo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Kang'an
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Ligang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Wenling
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume