title: Superionic glass-ceramic electrolytes for room-temperature rechargeable sodium             batteries.
abstract: Innovative rechargeable batteries that can effectively store renewable energy, such                 as solar and wind power, urgently need to be developed to reduce greenhouse gas                 emissions. All-solid-state batteries with inorganic solid electrolytes and                 electrodes are promising power sources for a wide range of applications because of                 their safety, long-cycle lives and versatile geometries. Rechargeable sodium                 batteries are more suitable than lithium-ion batteries, because they use abundant                 and ubiquitous sodium sources. Solid electrolytes are critical for realizing                 all-solid-state sodium batteries. Here we show that stabilization of a                 high-temperature phase by crystallization from the glassy state dramatically                 enhances the Na(+) ion conductivity. An ambient temperature                 conductivity of over 10(-4) S cm(-1)                 was obtained in a glass-ceramic electrolyte, in which a cubic                     Na(3)PS(4) crystal with superionic conductivity was first                 realized. All-solid-state sodium batteries, with a powder-compressed                     Na(3)PS(4) electrolyte, functioned as a rechargeable battery                 at room temperature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan. hayashi@chem.osakafu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akitoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Kousuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakuda
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatsumisago
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005898:Glass; D012964:Sodium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D012964:Sodium