title: Unraveling the Amycolatopsis tucumanensis copper-resistome.
abstract: Heavy metal pollution is widespread causing serious ecological problems in many parts of the world; especially in developing countries where a budget for remediation technology is not affordable. Therefore, screening for microbes with high accumulation capacities and studying their stable resistance characteristics is advisable to define cost-effective any remediation strategies. Herein, the copper-resistome of the novel copper-resistant strain Amycolatopsis tucumanensis was studied using several approaches. Two dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that proteins of the central metabolism, energy production, transcriptional regulators, two-component system, antioxidants and protective metabolites increased their abundance upon copper-stress conditions. Transcriptome analysis revealed that in presence of copper, superoxide dismutase, alkyl hydroperoxide reductase and mycothiol reductase genes were markedly induced in expression. The oxidative damage of protein and lipid from A. tucumanensis was negligible compared with that observed in the copper-sensitive strain Amycolatopsis eurytherma. Thus, we provide evidence that A. tucumamensis shows a high adaptation towards copper, the sum of which is proposed as the copper-resistome. This adaptation allows the strain to accumulate copper and survive this stress; besides, it constitutes the first report in which the copper-resistome of a strain of the genus Amycolatopsis with bioremediation potential has been evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Pilot Plant of Industrial and Microbiological Processes (PROIMI), CONICET, Av. Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina. jsdavila@proimi.org.ar
authors.forename: José Sebastián
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dávila Costa
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kothe
authors.forename: Carlos Mauricio
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Abate
authors.forename: María Julia
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Amoroso
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001118:Argentina; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003300:Copper / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D003300:Copper