title: Comparison of the kidney fungal burden in experimental disseminated candidiasis by species of the Candida parapsilosis complex treated with fluconazole, amphotericin B and caspofungin in a temporarily neutropenic murine model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of fluconazole (FLU), amphotericin B (AMB) and caspofungin (CAS) was tested against three Candida orthopsilosis, three C. metapsilosis and two C. parapsilosis sensu stricto isolates in neutropenic mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were immunosuppressed by 200 mg/kg cyclophosphamide. Five-day intraperitoneal treatment was started 24 h after infection. Kidney burden was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FLU 10 and 20 mg/kg as well as AMB 1 mg/kg significantly decreased the fungal burden (p < 0.05) for all eight isolates of the three species. CAS 2 and 5 mg/kg were efficacious against all C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis isolates (p < 0.05), but only 5 mg/kg CAS was effective against C. parapsilosis isolates (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The efficacy of FLU and AMB against the three species was comparable. Though the activity of CAS was higher against C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis, the current treatment guidelines for C. parapsilosis sensu stricto seem to be applicable to other 'psilosis' species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szilágyi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Földi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gesztelyi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayegan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kardos
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Juhász
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Majoros
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000077336:Caspofungin; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007668:Kidney / Q000382:microbiology*; D055666:Lipopeptides; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D000077336:Caspofungin