title: Divalent europium nanocrystals: controllable synthesis, properties, and applications.
abstract: Magnetic and luminescent bifunctional divalent europium nanocrystals (Eu(2+)  NCs) are a promising class of novel advanced materials that have various applications in magneto-optic devices, catalysis, bioimaging, and solar cells. In the past few decades, much work has been carried out to study the synthesis, properties, and applications of Eu(2+)  NCs. The aim of this Minireview is to present the progress in preparing Eu(2+)  NCs based on the reported research, by describing the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods. The morphologies and size are controlled through adjusting the experimental conditions. Eu(2+)  NCs show superior magnetic and luminescence properties simultaneously. Self-assembly and doping with other ions are important routes to improve their magnetic and luminescence properties. Their applications in magneto-optic devices are discussed. Some difficulties and challenges in the fabrication of Eu(2+)  NCs are discussed, such as water-soluble Eu(2+)  NCs and tunable luminescence in the whole visible region.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 China.
authors.forename: Chuanxi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiangwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D005063:Europium / Q000737:chemistry*; D049449:Luminescence; D008280:Magnetics / Q000379:methods; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005063:Europium