title: Bornavirus closely associates and segregates with host chromosomes to ensure persistent intranuclear infection.
abstract: Bornaviruses are nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses that establish a persistent infection in the nucleus and occasionally integrate a DNA genome copy into the host chromosomal DNA. However, how these viruses achieve intranuclear infection remains unclear. We show that Borna disease virus (BDV), a mammalian bornavirus, closely associates with the cellular chromosome to ensure intranuclear infection. BDV generates viral factories within the nucleus using host chromatin as a scaffold. In addition, the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) interacts directly with the host chromosome throughout the cell cycle, using core histones as a docking platform. HMGB1, a host chromatin-remodeling DNA architectural protein, is required to stabilize RNP on chromosomes and for efficient BDV RNA transcription in the nucleus. During metaphase, the association of RNP with mitotic chromosomes allows the viral RNA to segregate into daughter cells and ensure persistent infection. Thus, bornaviruses likely evolved a chromosome-dependent life cycle to achieve stable intranuclear infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Oncology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Daito
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikuta
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chase
authors.forename: Tamotsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimori
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwemmle
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomonaga
mesh_terms: D001891:Borna disease virus / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000821:virology*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D009698:Nucleoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D006657:Histones; D009698:Nucleoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins