title: Acquisition of anoikis resistance up-regulates caveolin-1 expression in human non-small cell lung cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anoikis is a key inhibitory step in the process of cancer cell metastasis. Knowledge regarding the adaptive response resulting in resistance to anoikis may benefit the development of new therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anoikis-resistant cells were generated from anoikis-sensitive lung carcinoma cells and the underlying mechanism for this process was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Culturing H460 cells under suspended conditions caused spontaneous generation of anoikis-resistant H_AR1 and H_AR2 cells. We found that anoikis resistance in these cells caused caveolin-1 (CAV1) up-regulation. Using short hairpin RNA (shRNA), we confirmed that depletion of CAV1 rendered anoikis-resistant H_AR2 cells sensitive to anoikis. Furthermore, this study revealed that the acquisition of anoikis resistance induced CAV1 up-regulation through induction of CAV1 mRNA transcription.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings show CAV1 to be a key player in anoikis resistance and provide a novel mechanism regarding cancer cell adaptation, resulting in acquisition of anoikis resistance in lung cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Technology (International) Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Hasseri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Halim
authors.forename: Sudjit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luanpitpong
authors.forename: Pithi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chanvorachote
mesh_terms: D023102:Anoikis; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D009154:Mutation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051242:Caveolin 1; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins