title: Effectiveness of the Charleston night-time bending brace in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Part-time or night-time bracing has been introduced to address the poor compliance and psychological burden of full-time bracing. The results of various bracing methods vary, however, due to a lack of consistent inclusion criteria and definitions of brace effectiveness. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the Charleston night-time bending brace in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis based on the new standardized criteria proposed by the Scoliosis Research Society.
  
  
  METHODS
  To be included in this study, patients met the following criteria proposed by the Scoliosis Research Society: diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, age 10 years and older when the orthosis was prescribed, Risser 0-2, a primary curve magnitude of 25 to 40 degrees, and no prior treatment. A total of 95 patients (87 girls, 8 boys) were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At skeletal maturity, 80 patients (84.2%) had 5 degrees or less curve progression and 15 (15.8%) had 6 degrees or more progression. Seven patients (7.8%) were recommended to undergo or underwent surgery before skeletal maturity. Eleven patients (12.6%) progressed beyond 45 degrees. According to these 3 criteria, the Charleston night-time brace was successful in 74 patients (77.9%). Depending on curve type, we observed success rates of 78.3% (47/60) for double, 71.4% (15/21) for thoracic, 83.3% (5/6) for thoracolumbar, and 87.5% (7/8) for lumbar curves. Success rates of 80.0% (36/45) and 76.0% (38/50) were observed in patients with curve magnitudes at bracing of 25 to 30 degrees and 31 to 40 degrees, respectively. Patients with high apex curves had a 67.6% (23/34) success rate, and those with low apex curves had 83.0% (39/47) success rate. Brace success rates among patients with initial Risser signs of 0, 1, and 2 were 68.8% (22/32), 80.6% (25/31), and 84.4% (27/32), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with the results of previous natural history and conventional brace study, the Charleston night-time bending brace is effective for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level VI.
authors.affiliation: Scoliosis Center, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Choon Sung
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Dong-Jun
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Hyan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yung-Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: So Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Dong-Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001915:Braces; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome