title: A systematic review of parenting interventions for traumatic brain injury: child and parent outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of parenting interventions on child and parent behavioral and emotional outcomes for parents of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic searches of 5 databases. Included studies were assessed for quality, and relevant data were extracted and collated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight articles met inclusion criteria, reporting 6 trials of interventions involving parent training for parents of children with TBI. Only 1 pre-post study trialed a version of a traditional parenting intervention. The remaining studies involved a multicomponent family problem-solving intervention. Each trial found a statistically significant intervention effect for at least 1 outcome measure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions that train parents may be a useful approach to alleviate behavioral and emotional disturbances after pediatric TBI. Some evidence suggests that these interventions may help to improve parenting skill and adjustment. However, all identified studies included interventions with multiple treatment components, so the effects attributable to parent training alone remain undetermined. Further quality trials are needed to assess the unique effectiveness of parenting interventions in this population.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology (Ms Brown, Drs Whittingham and Sofronoff); Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Medicine (Ms Brown and Drs Whittingham and Boyd); and The Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute (Ms Brown and Drs Whittingham and Boyd), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Felicity Louise
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Koa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Whittingham
authors.forename: Roslyn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sofronoff
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004505:Education, Nonprofessional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors