title: Induction of cell death in a glioblastoma line by hyperthermic therapy based on gold nanorods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metallic nanorods are promising agents for a wide range of biomedical applications. In this study, we developed an optical hyperthermia method capable of inducing in vitro death of glioblastoma cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The procedure used was based on irradiation of gold nanorods with a continuous wave laser. This kind of nanoparticle converts absorbed light into localized heat within a short period of time due to the surface plasmon resonance effect. The effectiveness of the method was determined by measuring changes in cell viability after laser irradiation of glioblastoma cells in the presence of gold nanorods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laser irradiation in the presence of gold nanorods induced a significant decrease in cell viability, while no decrease in cell viability was observed with laser irradiation or incubation with gold nanorods alone. The mechanism of cell death mediated by gold nanorods during photothermal ablation was analyzed, indicating that treatment compromised the integrity of the cell membrane instead of initiating the process of programmed cell death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of gold nanorods in hyperthermal therapies is very effective in eliminating glioblastoma cells, and therefore represents an important area of research for therapeutic development.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fernandez Cabada
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanchez Lopez de Pablo
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez Serrano
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: del Pozo Guerrero
authors.forename: Jose Javier
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Serrano Olmedo
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramos Gomez
mesh_terms: D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D053685:Laser Therapy; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D050997:Nanomedicine; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance
chemical_list: D006046:Gold; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3