title: Polyphenols decreased liver NADPH oxidase activity, increased muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and decreased gastrocnemius age-dependent autophagy in aged rats.
abstract: This study explored major systems of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and their consequences on oxidative stress, mitochondriogenesis and muscle metabolism in aged rats, and evaluated the efficiency of 30-day oral supplementation with a moderate dose of a red grape polyphenol extract (RGPE) on these parameters. In the liver of aged rats, NADPH oxidase activity was increased and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activities were altered, while xanthine oxidase activity remained unchanged. In muscles, only mitochondrial activity was modified with aging. The oral intake of RGPE decreased liver NADPH oxidase activity in the aged rats without affecting global oxidative stress, suggesting that NADPH oxidase was probably not the dominant detrimental source of production of O(2)·(-) in the liver. Interestingly, RGPE supplementation increased mitochondrial biogenesis and improved antioxidant status in the gastrocnemius of aged rats, while it had no significant effect in soleus. RGPE supplementation also decreased age-dependent autophagy in gastrocnemius of aged rats. These results extended existing findings on the beneficial effects of RGPE on mitochondriogenesis and muscle metabolism in aged rats.
authors.affiliation: UMR 204 NUTRIPASS IRD/Montpellier-1/Montpellier-2/Supagro, 34000 Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chabi
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fouret
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Py
authors.forename: Badie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sairafi
authors.forename: Cecile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Elong
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaillet
authors.forename: Jean Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cristol
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coudray
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feillet-Coudray
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019255:NADPH Oxidases