title: A novel recombinant Peste des petits ruminants-canine adenovirus vaccine elicits long-lasting neutralizing antibody response against PPR in goats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious infectious disease of goats, sheep and small wild ruminant species with high morbidity and mortality rates. The Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) expresses a hemagglutinin (H) glycoprotein on its outer envelope that is crucial for viral attachment to host cells and represents a key antigen for inducing the host immune response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To determine whether H can be exploited to generate an effective PPRV vaccine, a replication-competent recombinant canine adenovirus type-2 (CAV-2) expressing the H gene of PPRV (China/Tibet strain) was constructed by the in vitro ligation method. The H expression cassette, including the human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) promoter/enhancer and the BGH early mRNA polyadenylation signal, was inserted into the SspI site of the E3 region, which is not essential for proliferation of CAV-2. Infectious recombinant rCAV-2-PPRV-H virus was generated in transfected MDCK cells and used to immunize goats. All vaccinated animals produced antibodies upon primary injection that were effective in neutralizing PPRV in vitro. Higher antibody titer was obtained following booster inoculation, and the antibody was detectable in goats for at least seven months. No serious recombinant virus-related adverse effect was observed in immunized animals and no adenovirus could be isolated from the urine or feces of vaccinated animals. Results showed that the recombinant virus was safe and could stimulate a long-lasting immune response in goats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This strategy not only provides an effective PPR vaccine candidate for goats but may be a valuable mean by which to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (the so-called DIVA approach).
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Division, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Junling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Hainan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Xiaoqiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Songtao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chengyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Geng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tiecheng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xianzhu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D006516:Adenoviruses, Canine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004285:Dogs; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*; D006041:Goats; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D029021:Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D018107:Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D017931:DNA Primers; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines