title: Functional annotation of the human fat cell secretome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent secretome analyses suggest that human fat cells secrete hundreds of proteins (adipokines).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We made an overall analysis of their potential functional importance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A secretome of 347 adipokines was evaluated by in silico analysis of their expression during adipocyte differentiation, regulation by obesity and adipose region. The gene expression in human adipose tissue was investigated in microarray studies using samples from different adipose depots from lean or obese patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  60% of the adipokines were regulated by obesity and 50% between visceral and subcutaneous adipose region. Eight adipokines, all novel, scored particularly high in the in silico analysis. Among those, four were both regulated by obesity and adipose region, namely WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 2, transmembrane glycoprotein NMB, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H5, and complement C4-A. Furthermore, many adipokines were extracellular matrix proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several novel adipokines have potential important functional features warranting in depth analysis.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden. ingrid.dahlman@ki.se
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dahlman
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elsen
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tennagels
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korn
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brockmann
authors.forename: Henrike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sell
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eckel
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arner
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054392:Adipokines; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015934:Complement C4a / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D053491:Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; C413323:CCN5 protein, human; C482680:ITIH5 protein, human; D053491:Proteinase Inhibitory Proteins, Secretory; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015934:Complement C4a