title: Minocycline ameliorates lung and liver dysfunction in a rodent model of hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation plus abdominal compartment syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to elucidate whether minocycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic with potent anti-inflammation capacity, could mitigate inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in the lungs and liver induced by hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation (HS) plus abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male rats were randomized to receive HS plus ACS or HS plus ACS plus minocycline (denoted as the HS/A and HS/A-M group, respectively; n = 12). Sham-instrumentation groups were employed to serve as the controls. Hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation was induced by blood drawing (mean arterial pressure: 40-45 mm Hg for 60 min) followed by shed blood/saline mixture reinfusion. Subsequently, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was increased to 25 mm Hg by injecting air into the preplaced intraperitoneal latex balloon to induce ACS. Minocycline (20 mg/kg) was intravenously administered immediately after resuscitation. IAP was maintained at 25 mm Hg for 6 h. Then, all rats were euthanized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, the wet/dry weight ratio, and the concentrations of inflammatory molecules (e.g., chemokine, cytokine, and prostaglandin E2) in lung and liver tissues of the HS/A group were significantly higher than those of the HS/A-M groups (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the levels of lung dysfunction (assayed by arterial blood gas) and liver dysfunction (assayed by plasma concentrations of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alaninine aminotransferase) of the HS/A group were significantly higher than those of the HS/A-M group (all P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minocycline ameliorates inflammatory response and organ dysfunction in the lungs and liver induced by hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation plus abdominal compartment syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cay-Huyen
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Pei-Shan
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chun-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D059325:Intra-Abdominal Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008911:Minocycline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009195:Peroxidase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D008911:Minocycline