title: The outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adolescents with open physes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the clinical outcome of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in adolescents with open physes and compared those results with adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen adolescents with open physes underwent physeal-sparing double-bundle ACLR using hamstring autograft. The median age of the adolescents was 14 years (range 13-16 years). Forty adults underwent anatomic double-bundle ACLR during the same period of this study. The median age of the adults was 26 years (range 17-39 years). Clinical outcomes were evaluated in terms of manual Lachman test, pivot shift test and the results of KT-2000 arthrometer. Additionally, we evaluated clinical outcome in terms of International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale. We also evaluated rates of re-rupture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No clinically significant growth abnormalities were observed in adolescent cases. In the Lachman test, two of the 15 adolescents had a positive, whereas one of the 40 adults had a positive (n.s.). In the pivot shift test, three of the 15 adolescents had a positive, whereas two of the 40 adults had a positive (n.s.). There was no statistically significant difference between adolescents and adults, in the mean side-to-side difference in KT-2000 measurements (1.5 ± 1.5 mm vs. 1.1 ± 1.9 mm: n.s.), the median IKDC score (96.7 vs. 97.3: n.s.) and Lysholm Scale (99 vs. 98: n.s.), rates of re-rupture (13.3 vs. 7.5 %: n.s.).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physeal-sparing ACLR with hamstring autograft in adolescents with open physes resulted in good clinical outcomes similar to those of ACLR in adults without growth abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-0034, Japan. hiroyuki831221@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Tamiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamimura
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hagiwara
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagishi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D059549:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Q000379:methods*; D053587:Arthrometry, Articular; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D013710:Tendons / Q000637:transplantation; D013977:Tibia / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000601:surgery; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D055815:Young Adult