title: DL-3-n-Butylphthalide, an anti-oxidant agent, prevents neurological deficits and cerebral injury following stroke per functional analysis, magnetic resonance imaging and histological assessment.
abstract: DL-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) is a synthetic compound based on L-3-n-Butylphthalide which was isolated from seeds of Apium graveolens. The present study aims at evaluating the outcome of NBP given prior to and after the onset of ischemic stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Stroke was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in SHR and WKY. For pre-treatment, NBP was administered to SHR and WKY daily for two months prior to MCAO. For post-treatment, NBP was given daily for seven consecutive days after MCAO. Seven days post-surgery, rats were tested for the presence of neurological deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining were employed to calculate the infarct volume. The cerebral cortex and corpus striatum in the ischemic penumbra area were examined microscopically for pathological changes. In SHR, NBP pre- and post-treatment significantly lowered neurological deficit scores, reduced infarct volume, and minimized pathological changes in the penumbra area when compared to oil-vehicle treated controls. In WKY, these beneficial effects were observed only in the post-treatment group. The beneficial effects of NBP post-treatment were greater in WKY than in SHR. Results indicated that NBP could exert both preventive and therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke in SHR, but only exerted therapeutic effect in WKY.
authors.affiliation: Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wan-hua Amy
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yi-Xiang J
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Maria S M
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wai
authors.forename: Jinghui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Yew
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001572:Benzofurans; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C009591:triphenyltetrazolium; C027125:3-n-butylphthalide