title: Submucosal neoplasms of the laryngeal introitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The differential diagnosis of endolaryngeal mesenchymal neoplasms includes a wide spectrum of benign and malignant pathologies, which have been rarely photo-documented and assessed as a group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-epithelial neoplasms of the endolarynx seen at our centre from 2002 to 2011 (n = 38; 36 treated at our institution) were retrospectively reviewed, with attention to clinical presentation, radiographic imaging, operative management, histology, and pre- and post-operative endoscopy. Submucosal squamous cell carcinomas, mucosal cysts, amyloid and Teflon granulomas were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three of a total of 36 patients underwent definitive endoscopic surgical treatment. Supraglottic pathologies included lymphoma, lipoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, lymphangioma, oncocytoma, haemangioma, synovial cell sarcoma and benign spindle cell neoplasm. Transglottic pathologies included synovial cell sarcoma and granular cell tumour. Glottic pathologies included granular cell tumour, osteoma, rhabdomyoma, rhabdomycosarcoma and myofibroblastic sarcoma. Subglottic pathologies included chondrosarcoma, neurofibroma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and vascular malformation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The site of origin, degree of malignant behaviour and sensitivity to adjuvant treatment determined the course of surgical management, i.e. endolaryngeal versus transcervical, and limited removal versus wider resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Center for Laryngeal Surgery and Voice Rehabilitation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. afriedman3@partners.org
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lutch
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zeitels
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D055154:Dysphonia / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007820:Laryngeal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D007825:Laryngectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018204:Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009455:Neurofibroma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome