title: Prevalence and determinants of metabolic syndrome among women in Chinese rural areas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome (MS) is prevalent in recent years but few data is reported in the rural areas in China. The aim of this study was to examine MS prevalence and its risk factors among women in rural China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Nantong Metabolic Syndrome Study (NMSS), a population based cross-sectional study, was conducted during 2007-2008 in Nantong, China. In person interviews, blood glucose and lipid measurements were completed for 13,505 female participants aged 18-74 years. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the US Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program, the Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII) and modified ATPIII for Asian population has determined three criteria of MS. These criteria for MS were used and compared in this study. The prevalence of MS was 22.0%, 16.9% and 23.3% according to IDF, ATPIII and ATPIII-modified criteria, respectively. Levels of agreement of these criteria for MS were above 0.75. We found that vigorous-intensity of occupational physical activity was associated with a low prevalence of MS with OR of 0.76 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-0.91). Rice wine drinkers (alcohol >12.8 g/day) had about 34% low risks of developing MS with OR of 0.66 (95% CI: 0.48-0.91), compared with non-drinkers. Odds ratio of MS was 1.81 (95% CI: 1.15-2.84) in women who smoked more than 20 pack-years, compared to non-smokers. Odds ratio of MS was 1.56 (95% CI: 1.25-1.95) in women who had familial history of diseases, including hypertension, diabetes and stroke, compared to women without familial history of those diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MS is highly prevalent among women in rural China. Both physical activity and rice wine consumption play a protective role, while family history and smoking are risk factors in MS development. Educational programs should be established for promoting healthy lifestyles and appropriate interventions in rural China.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China. huicai2012@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Guangfei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zili
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yaoping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Weisheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hongjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Derong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology