title: Cancers of the colon and rectum: identical or fraternal twins?
abstract: Colorectal cancer represents a major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, with approximately 1.2 million cases and 600,000 deaths worldwide each year. Because of the anatomic continuity of the colon into the rectum, cancers affecting these organs have historically been considered equivalent. In this Prospective, we discuss the clinical and experimental data suggesting that colon cancer and rectal cancer are highly related, but distinct, diseases. Reconsidering the relationship between these cancers has implications for the development of new therapeutic paradigms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medicine, and Molecular Pathology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Theodore S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jeffrey W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Haigis
mesh_terms: D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy