title: Giant tracheocele with multiple congenital anomalies.
abstract: Tracheocele--an outpouching of tracheal mucous membrane--is an uncommon entity. It can occur as a congenital or acquired form. The congenital entity remains mostly dormant until adulthood, and then it typically presents as a herniation with multiple air-filled sacs. The acquired form develops as the result of blunt trauma, recurrent pulmonary infection, intubation, instrumentation, or surgery, and it typically presents as a single paratracheal cavity. We present an extremely rare case of a tracheocele associated with multiple congenital anomalies involving the face, limbs, and heart.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, National University Health System, Republic of Singapore. maddyy@gmail.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Madana
authors.forename: Deeke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yolmo
authors.forename: Sunil Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gopalakrishnan
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology; D005145:Face / Q000002:abnormalities; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D017880:Limb Deformities, Congenital / Q000453:epidemiology; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D014132:Trachea / Q000002:abnormalities; D014133:Tracheal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult