title: Maintaining the 'good maternal body': expressing milk as a way of negotiating the demands and dilemmas of early infant feeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a descriptive study of early infant feeding experiences focusing on ACCOUNTS OF WOMEN WHO EXPRESSED MILK EXTENSIVELY IN THE FIRST FEW WEEKS POSTPARTUM.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Relatively little is known about the reasons for expressing milk following healthy term births. Evidence indicates it is an increasingly common practice during early infant feeding in Westernized countries. A more comprehensive understanding of this practice will help midwives and nurses assist mothers negotiate early feeding challenges.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative data were collected in two phases in the first few weeks postpartum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Audio-diary and semi-structured interview data from seven British women who extensively expressed milk in the first month postpartum were analysed. These data were drawn from a larger qualitative longitudinal study which took place in 2006-2007. Themes, discursive constructions and discourses are identified through the use of a feminist informed analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The practice of expressing was employed as a solution to managing the competing demands and dilemmas of early breastfeeding and ensuring the continued provision of breast milk, thereby deflecting potential accusations of poor mothering. In addition, the practice may afford a degree of freedom to new mothers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The need to maintain the 'good maternal body' can account for the motivation to express milk, although there may be reasons to be cautious about promoting expression as a solution to breastfeeding difficulties. Education for health professionals, which emphasizes the complexities and contradictions of mothering and which challenges prescriptive notions of 'good mothering' could better support new mothers in their feeding 'choices'.
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychology, University of Bradford, UK. s.e.johnson2@bradford.ac.uk
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leeming
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lyttle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000523:psychology*; D002755:Choice Behavior; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult