title: Indocyanine green angiography findings in patients with nonfamilial amyloidosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to assess indocyanine green angiographic findings in patients with nonfamilial amyloidosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The method used was a prospective study including seven patients (14 eyes) with nonfamilial amyloidosis. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmic clinical examination, fundus photography, and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Fluorescein angiography (FA) was performed in four patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the seven patients, four (57.1 %) were male. Mean age was 49.5 years. Six patients had renal amyloidosis and one patient had systemic amyloidosis. Mean best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25. Fundus and FA findings included cotton-wool spots (28.5 %), retinal hemorrhages (14.3 %), retinal pigment epithelial changes (21.4 %), serous retinal detachment (7.1 %), optic disk edema or staining (7.1 %), area of peripheral retinal capillary non-perfusion (7.1 %), disseminated peripheral punctiform hyperfluorescence (21.4 %), and subretinal pooling (7.1 %). Fundus examination results were unremarkable in eight eyes (57.1 %). ICGA showed abnormal findings in all eyes. These included diffuse or focal/multifocal choroidal vascular staining appearing at the late phase and prevailing in peripheral fundus (100 %), hyperfluorescent fleecy lesions appearing at the late phase and also prevailing in peripheral fundus (28.5 %), hypofluoresent areas of variable sizes (85.7 %), and pinpoints (71.4 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that a subclinical, fairly typical choroidal involvement, detectable only by ICGA, is common in patients with nonfamilial amyloidosis. ICGA may be useful in better understanding the pathogenesis of amyloidosis choroidopathy and in establishing a diagnosis of amyloidosis in atypical or incomplete clinical presentations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and University of Monastir, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Attia
authors.forename: Rim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kahloun
authors.forename: Sameh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mbarek
authors.forename: Olfa
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Harazallah
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Skhiri
authors.forename: Salim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ben Yahia
authors.forename: Moncef
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khairallah