title: Assessment of the genotoxic effects of organophosphorus insecticides phorate and trichlorfon in human lymphocytes.
abstract: In vitro genotoxic effects of organophosphorus insecticides Phorate (PHR) and Trichlorfon (TCF) were investigated using four genotoxicity endpoints. Different concentration ranges between 0.25-2.00 μg mL(-1) of PHR and 2.34-37.50 μg mL(-1) of TCF were applied to lymphocytes. PHR and TCF significantly increased the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (except 2.34 μg mL(-1) for TCF) and sister chromatid exchanges at all treatment times and concentrations. Most of the used concentrations induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei. Furthermore, PHR and TCF significantly decreased the mitotic index at the higher concentrations after 24- and 48-h treatments. In the comet assay, PHR and TCF significantly increased the comet tail at all concentrations. However, the comet tail intensity was significantly increased at only the highest concentration of PHR and at all concentrations of TCF. According to these results, PHR and TCF possess clastogenic, mutagenic, and DNA damaging effects in human lymphocytes in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Gazi University, 06500 Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: İlknur
authors.initials: İ
authors.lastname: Timoroğlu
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yüzbaşıoğlu
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ünal
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Çelik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D010702:Phorate / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D014236:Trichlorfon / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D010702:Phorate; D014236:Trichlorfon