title: Ethanol administration impairs pancreatic repair after injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alcohol abuse is one of the most common factors associated with acute and chronic pancreatitis. Although it is evident that alcohol abuse can have an important role in the development of pancreatitis, it does not seem that alcohol abuse alone is responsible for this disease. We investigated the involvement of ethanol in the impairment of pancreatic repair after induction of pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A biologically relevant mouse model of alcoholic pancreatitis, combining long-term ethanol consumption and coxsackievirus infection, was used to investigate the effects of ethanol on pancreatic regeneration. Tissues were harvested and analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These studies demonstrate that long-term ethanol consumption impairs the structural repair of the exocrine pancreas. This is accompanied by a delay in the restitution of lipase expression. In addition, impaired expression of the critical pancreatic transcription factors, PDX1 and PTF1, and the mediator of Notch signaling, HES1, was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term ethanol consumption impairs the structural repair and functional restitution of the pancreas after severe injury. These impairments may, in part, be explained by the impaired expression of factors important in the development and maintenance of the exocrine pancreas. Impaired pancreatic regeneration may have a role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Nebraska and Western Iowa Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-8098, USA.
authors.forename: Katrina J Mahan
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scheer
authors.forename: Mallory
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suhr
authors.forename: Dahn L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Clemens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology; D019512:Pancreatitis, Alcoholic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000072056:Transcription Factor HES-1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D008049:Lipase; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000072056:Transcription Factor HES-1; D014157:Transcription Factors; C489734:Hes1 protein, mouse; C084010:pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 protein; C062602:transcription factor PTF1