title: Transrectal US-guided seminal vesicle aspiration in the diagnosis of partial ejaculatory duct obstruction.
abstract: There has been recent interest in techniques for diagnosing ejaculatory duct     obstruction (EDO), especially when the partial form of the disease is suspected     clinically. Currently, there is no gold standard technique for diagnosing EDO.     Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), which is the technique used most widely, can     overdiagnose EDO. As adjunctive diagnostic techniques, duct chromotubation and     seminal vesiculography cannot distinguish patients with partial obstruction from     those without EDO. TRUS-guided seminal vesicle aspiration can be used in     conjunction with TRUS to confirm the diagnosis pre-operatively, especially in     patients with seminal vesicle dilation and a prostatic midline/ejaculatory duct     cyst on TRUS. In patients with findings of chronic inflammation, such as     ejaculatory duct calcifications and seminal vesicle atrophy/ hypoplasia on TRUS,     proximal vasal obstruction or functional EDO should be excluded.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, İstanbul University İstanbul School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey. gengin@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Gülgün
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Engin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004543:Ejaculatory Ducts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D057086:High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013396:Suction; D014463:Ultrasonography