title: Predicting nurses' well-being from job demands and resources: a cross-sectional study of emotional labour.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of job demands and resources as well as emotional labour on job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion among nurses.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  While emotional labour is a construct that has considerable significance in health care as nurses often need to express organizationally desired emotions, little research has investigated the relationships between emotional labour, job demands and resources in the prediction of nurses' well-being.
  
  
  METHODS
  The questionnaire was distributed to 450 registered nurses (RN) working in a teaching hospital in Taiwan during February 2007, of which 240 valid questionnaires were returned and analysed (53.33% response rate). In addition to descriptive statistics and correlation, structural equation modelling (LISREL 8.8) was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The findings showed that the frequency of interacting with difficult patients positively related to surface acting. Perceived organizational support (POS) positively related to deep acting and negatively to surface acting. The results also showed that surface acting related negatively, and deep acting related positively, to job satisfaction. The frequency of interactions with difficult patients related positively to emotional exhaustion, and negatively to job satisfaction. Perceived organizational support related negatively to emotional exhaustion and positively to job satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that job demands, resources and emotional labour can predict nurses' well-being.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study indicate that nurses' well-being can be predicted by job demands, resources and emotional labour. There is a need to address organizational support and training programmes to enhance job satisfaction and reduce emotional exhaustion among nurses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Business Administration, Meiho University, 23, Pingguang Road, Neipu Pingtung, Taiwan. hueiyin57@gmail.com
authors.forename: Huei Yin
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hecker
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006295:Health Resources / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology*