title: Beta-blockers use and risk of hyperglycemia in acute stroke patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Beta-adrenergic blockade prevents or diminishes stress-induced hyperglycemia in different experimental models. The aim of the study was to determine if the use of beta-blockers before stroke reduces the risk of acute hyperglycemia in stroke patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the data of 603 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke and without pre-stroke diagnosis of diabetes mellitus admitted to stroke unit within 24 h after symptoms onset.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma glucose level on admission (6.0 ± 1.4 vs 6.6 ± 1.9 mmol/L, P = 0.01) and fasting glucose on day 1 (5.2 ± 1.1 vs 5.7 ± 1.1 mmol/L, P = 0.02) were significantly lower in patients treated with beta-blockers before stroke than in those who did not receive such a treatment. On multivariate logistic analysis beta-blockers use before stroke was associated with reduced risk of glucose level on admission ≥7.8 mmol/L (OR: 0.22, 95%CI: 0.07-0.74) and fasting glucose on day 1 ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (OR: 0.21, 95%CI: 0.05-0.91). The risk of fasting hyperglycemia defined as glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L did not differ between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Beta-blockage before stroke onset may result in lower plasma glucose on admission and prevent early hyperglycemia in patients without pre-stroke diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. Dziedzic@cm-uj.krakow.pl
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dziedzic
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pera
authors.forename: Kamila
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zur-Wyrozumska
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klimkowicz-Mrowiec
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szczudlik
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slowik
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011044:Poland; D057216:Propensity Score; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D001786:Blood Glucose