title: Changes in intracranial CSF distribution after ETV.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective study was to analyze the changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) distribution after endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy (ETV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two hydrocephalic children (eight boys, aged 3 months to 17 years) candidates for ETV were studied by preoperative brain magnetic resonance (MR) and repeated post-ETV MRs at established time intervals. A volumetric analysis of CSF distribution after ETV was performed using a specific software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen children had an uneventful follow-up, whereas four required a second ETV due to a secondary closure of the stoma, one died of acute intracranial hypertension, and two needed an extrathecal shunt. A progressive reduction in the volume of the ventricles was found in case of successful ETV during the follow-up period. The ventricular volumes were reduced in average of 76 % of the initial volume at day 3, 69 % at 2 weeks, 42 % at 2 months, and 40 % at 6 months. This finding was associated with an enlargement of subarachnoid spaces which increased in case of successful ETV (192 % of initial volume at day 3; 210 % at day 15; 428 % at 2 months; and 468 % at 6 months). In case of secondary closure of the stoma, the distribution of intra- and extraventricular CSF tended to go back to the preoperative status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Volume variations of the ventricles and the subarachnoid spaces are a good indicator of the efficacy of the ETV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Rocco
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grevent
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boddaert
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puget
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roujeau
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blauwblomme
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zerah
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brunelle
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sainte-Rose
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013346:Subarachnoid Space / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014696:Ventriculostomy / Q000379:methods*