title: Selenium enhances the efficacy of Radachlorin mediated-photodynamic             therapy in TC-1 tumor development.
abstract: Selenium, an essential trace element possessing anti-carcinogenic properties,             can induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Our goal was to investigate the enhanced             antitumor effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) plus selenium in TC-1 tumor cells             and implanted mice. Cell viability was evaluated at various time intervals after             PDT treatment and/or selenium by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. When             only PDT treatment was administered to TC-1 tumor cells, TC-1 cell growth recovered             over time. On the other hand, co-treatment of PDT and selenium extended the inhibition             time of tumor cell growth. Co-treatment of PDT and selenium showed serious morphological             changes in TC-1 cells and induced a more apoptotic population by FACS analysis.             By signal transduction pathway SuperArray analysis, genes closely involved in             the NFκB, p53 and phopholipase C pathways, such as VCAM1, MDM2 and FOS, were significantly             downregulated at least 10-fold in TC-1 cells following PDT and selenium cotreatment.             In an in vivo study, tumor-bearing mice were intravenously injected with Radachlorin             3 h before irradiation with 300 J/cm2 of light. Selenium was administered daily             for 20 days. Combination therapy against the mouse tumors generated by TC-1 cells             was more effective than PDT or selenium alone. These data suggest that selenium             plus PDT can induce a significant tumor suppression response compared with PDT             alone. Additionally, it can be an effective anticancer therapy strategy.
authors.affiliation: Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Wan
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Su Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Hai-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: In-Wook
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Heung-Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Woong Shick
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D012643:Selenium