title: Insecticidal potential of natural zeolite and diatomaceous earth formulations against rice weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and red flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).
abstract: Insecticidal potential of natural zeolites and diatomaceous earths originating from Serbia against Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) was evaluated. Two natural zeolite formulations (NZ and NZ Modified) were applied to wheat at rates of 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 g/kg, while two diatomaceous earth (DE) formulations (DE S-1 and DE S-2) were applied at rates of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 g/kg. A bioassay was conducted under laboratory conditions: temperature of 24 +/- 1 degrees C, relative humidity in the range 50-55%, in tests with natural zeolites, and 60-65%, in tests with DEs, and in all combinations for progeny production. Mortality was assessed after 7, 14, and 21 d of insect contact with treated wheat, and the total mortality after an additional 7-d recovery on untreated broken wheat. Progeny production was also assessed after 8 wk for S. oryzae and 12 wk for T. castaneum. The highest mortality for S. oryzae and T. castaneum was found after the longest exposure period and 7 d of recovery, on wheat treated with NZ at the highest rate and DEs at rates of 0.50 -1.0 g/kg. Progeny reduction higher than 90% was achieved after 14 and 21 d of contact of both beetle pests with wheat treated with DE S-1 at 0.50-1.0 g/kg and DE S-2 at 0.75-1.0 g/kg, while the same level of reduction was achieved only for T. castaneum after its contact with the highest rate of NZ formulation. NZ Modified, applied even at the highest rate, revealed much lower insecticidal potential.
authors.affiliation: Pesticide and Environment Research Institute, Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Goran G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Andrić
authors.forename: Mirjana M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Marković
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adamović
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daković
authors.forename: Marijana Prazić
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Golić
authors.forename: Petar J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kljajić
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007692:Diatomaceous Earth / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D055771:Serbia; D013997:Time Factors; D014231:Tribolium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D014908:Triticum; D048889:Weevils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D017641:Zeolites / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D007306:Insecticides; D017641:Zeolites; D007692:Diatomaceous Earth