title: [Nerve injury due to peripheral nerve blocks: Pathophysiology and aetiology].
abstract: Permanent nerve injury as a complication of peripheral regional anaesthesia is fortunately rare with an estimated incidence of 0,03%. However, transient neurological symptoms are more frequent with an occurrence of 3-8%. The pathophysiology and etiology of nerve injury depends on a number of different factors. The needle-nerve trauma, cytotoxicity of local anaesthetics, patient factors (i.e. morbidity) and factors which are related to surgical interventions should be considered. Regarding pathophysiology, trauma-related inflammation should be acknowledged as an important interference during nerve recovery. Needle-nerve contacts, nerve perforation and local cytotoxicity of local anaesthetics should be reduced to a minimum by application of nerve stimulation, ultrasound and an adequate dosage of local anaesthetics with less locotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg, Standort Marburg. Thorsten.Steinfeldt@med.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steinfeldt
mesh_terms: D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects; D057785:Catheters / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D019300:Medical Errors; D009339:Needles / Q000009:adverse effects; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local