title: Pregnane X receptor as a target for treatment of inflammatory bowel disorders.
abstract: Pregnane X receptor (PXR; NR1I2), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, has a major role in the induction of genes involved in drug transport and metabolism. Recent studies in mice have provided insight into a novel function for PXR in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The mechanism of the protective effect of PXR activation on IBD is not fully established, but is due in part to the attenuation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling that results in lower expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Recent clinical trials with the antibiotic rifaximin, a PXR agonist in the gastrointestinal system, have revealed its potential therapeutic value in the treatment of intestinal inflammation in humans. Thus, PXR may be a novel target for IBD therapy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yatrik M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000819:agonists*; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000078262:Rifaximin; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000625852:NR1I2 protein, human; C000625853:Nr1i2 protein, mouse; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D012294:Rifamycins; D000078262:Rifaximin