title: Sex-stratified socio-economic gradients in physical inactivity, obesity, and diabetes: evidence of short-term changes in Argentina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate how socio-economic gradients in NCDs and NCD-related risk factors change over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the 2005 and 2009 Argentine National Risk Factor Surveys (N = 41,392 and N = 34,732) was conducted. We analyzed inequalities in three risk factors (low physical activity, obesity, and diabetes) according to income and educational attainment. The analysis was based on sex-stratified and age-adjusted logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of low physical activity, obesity, and diabetes increased from 2005 to 2009. Increases occurred in most of the income and education groups, but females with the lowest socio-economic status generally showed the highest increases. In 2005, differences in physical inactivity among women with different levels of education were not statistically significant. By 2009, women with low education (OR = 1.57, 95 % CI = 1.34-1.84) and medium education (OR = 1.18, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.32) were more likely than women with high education to be physically inactive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inequalities in physical inactivity, obesity, and diabetes have grown in Argentina over a short period of time.
authors.affiliation: Vigilancia de Enfermedades No Transmisibles y Factores de Riesgo, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Buenos Aries, Argentina. blinetzky@msal.gov.ar
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Linetzky
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Maio
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferrante
authors.forename: Jonatan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Konfino
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boissonnet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012923:Social Class