title: Survivin regulates the expression of VEGF-C in lymphatic metastasis of breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As a known regulator of apoptosis, survivin has positive relationship with lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer. This study aims to detect the difference in expression between survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in treated breast cancer cells and tissues, and to analyze the correlation among survivin, VEGF-C and lymphatic metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasmid with survivin and VEGF-C shRNA and lentivirus with survivin gene were constructed and transfected into breast cancer cell ZR-75-30. Then the expressions of the two genes were examined using western blot analysis and real-time PCR. The change of invasiveness of breast cancer cells was assessed using matrigel invasion assay. Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of survivin and VEGF-C were analyzed in 108 clinical breast cancer cases with breast cancer tissue and lymph node.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survivin regulated the expression of VEGF-C at both protein and mRNA levels in breast cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the level of VEGF-C expression was significantly related with that of survivin in breast cancer tissues (p<0.05). VEGF-C was found to participate in the process of breast cancer cells invasion mediated by survivin. The co-expression of the two and the single expression of any one took significant difference in positive lymph node (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survivin takes an important part in regulating the expression of VEGF-C. VEGF-C could influence the invasive ability mediated by survivin. The co-expression of survivin and VEGF-C is more statistically significant to assess lymphatic metastasis in breast cancer.
  The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/9193530897100952.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, No, 155 North Nanjing Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110001, China.
authors.forename: Xiaopeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.forename: Wenzhi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077022:Survivin; D014162:Transfection; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000077022:Survivin; C467486:VEGFC protein, human; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C