title: Applicability of multisyringe chromatography coupled to on-line solid-phase extraction to the simultaneous determination of dicamba, 2,4-D, and atrazine.
abstract: Simultaneous determination of three herbicides (dicamba, 2,4-D, and atrazine) has been achieved by on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled to multisyringe chromatography (MSC) with UV detection. The preconcentration conditions were optimized; a preconcentration flow rate of 0.5 mL min(-1) and elution at 0.8 mL min(-1) were the optimum conditions. A C(18) (8 mm i.d.) membrane extraction disk conditioned with 0.3 mol L(-1) HCl in 0.5% MeOH was used. A 3-mL sample was preconcentrated, then eluted with 0.43 mL 40:60 water-MeOH. A C(18) monolithic column (25 mm × 4.6 mm) was used for chromatographic separation. Separation of the three compounds was achieved in 10 min by use of 0.01% aqueous acetic acid-MeOH (60:40) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL min(-1). The limits of detection (LOD) were 13, 57, and 22 μg L(-1) for dicamba, 2,4-D, and atrazine, respectively. The sampling frequency was three analyses per hour, and each analysis consumed only 7.3 mL solvent. The method was applied to spiked water samples, and recovery between 85 and 112% was obtained. Recovery was significantly better than in the conventional HPLC-UV method. These results indicated the reliability and accuracy of this flow-based method. This is the first time this family of herbicides has been simultaneously analyzed by on-line SPE-MSC using a monolithic column.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Cd Universitaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico.
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Chávez-Moreno
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guzmán-Mar
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hinojosa-Reyes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández-Ramírez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cerdà
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001280:Atrazine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation; D003996:Dicamba / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis; D004867:Equipment Design; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D060766:Drinking Water; D006540:Herbicides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; D001280:Atrazine; D003996:Dicamba