title: [Advances in research on extra-oesophageal symptoms of pediatric gastroesophageal reflux].
abstract: The manifestations of pediatric gastroesohageal reflux (GER) are varied and complex. Extra-oesophageal symptoms, including GER-related respiratory diseases, ear, nose and throat diseases, oral diseases and neuropsychiatric symptoms, are thought to be major manifestations of pediatric GER, but the causal relationship between GER and these extra-oesophageal symptoms is still unclear. Therefore, we describe the progress of research on the relationship between GER and asthma, chronic cough, laryngitis, pharyngitis, laryngeal papilloma, sinusitis, otitis media, dental erosion, apparent life-threatening event, and the crying baby syndrome in this review. It provides new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of GER-related diseases in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mi-Zu
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007827:Laryngitis / Q000209:etiology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000209:etiology; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000209:etiology