title: Preparation and elastic moduli of germanate glass containing lead and bismuth.
abstract: This paper reports the rapid melt quenching technique preparation for the new family of bismuth-lead germanate glass (BPG) systems in the form of (GeO(2))(60)-(PbO)(40-) (x)-(½Bi(2)O(3))(x) where x = 0 to 40 mol%. Their densities with respect of Bi(2)O(3) concentration were determined using Archimedes' method with acetone as a floatation medium. The current experimental data are compared with those of bismuth lead borate (B(2)O(3))(20)-(PbO)(80-) (x)-(Bi(2)O(3))(x). The elastic properties of BPG were studied using the ultrasonic pulse-echo technique where both longitudinal and transverse sound wave velocities have been measured in each glass samples at a frequency of 15 MHz and at room temperature. Experimental data shows that all the physical parameters of BPG including density and molar volume, both longitudinal and transverse velocities increase linearly with increasing of Bi(2)O(3) content in the germanate glass network. Their elastic moduli such as longitudinal, shear and Young's also increase linearly with addition of Bi(2)O(3) but the bulk modulus did not. The Poisson's ratio and fractal dimensionality are also found to vary linearly with the Bi(2)O(3) concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hj A A
authors.initials: HAA
authors.lastname: Sidek
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Hamid R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Bahari
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Mohamed K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Halimah
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Wan M M
authors.initials: WMM
authors.lastname: Yunus
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry*; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000502:physiology*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D012031:Refractometry
chemical_list: D007854:Lead; D001729:Bismuth