title: miRNAs expression profiling to distinguish lung squamous-cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma subtypes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether miRNA expression profiles can distinguish and predict outcome of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients with different histological subtypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  High-throughput microarray was used to measure miRNA expression levels in six NSCLC samples. Subsequently, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify findings in an independent set of 54 squamous-cell lung carcinomas (SCC), 51 lung adenocarcinomas (AD), and paired adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We showed that, compared to adjacent non-neoplastic lung tissues, the expressions of miR-125a-5p and let-7e were decreased in AD and SCC samples, while increased expressions of miR-93, miR-205, and miR-221 were observed in SCC samples. In addition, miR-205 expression was significantly higher in SCC patients with lymph node metastasis. Lower let-7e expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, >3 cm tumor size, and differentiation of the NSCLC AD subtype. High levels of miR-100 expression also correlated with the AD subtype in current smokers. Moreover, induction of miR-93 and miR-205 expressions and reduction of let-7e were strongly associated with shorter overall survival in SCC patients, whereas AD patient survival was only associated with reduced let-7e.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified differential expression profiles of miRNAs in AD and SCC. More importantly, in addition to morphology and immunocytochemistry approaches, we report that miR-93, miR-205, miR-221, and let-7e may represent novel biomarkers for differential diagnosis and prognosis of certain NSCLC subtypes or be new targets of histology-specific treatments. Furthermore, our results suggest a strong correlation between high expression of miR-100 and AD patients with history of heavy smoking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Zhoushan Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, 316004 Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Kui
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wang-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jian-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Dong-Dong
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yan-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Han-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Xiao-Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs