title: Possible impact of ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism on BMI in patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The β3-adrenoceptor (ADRB3) gene Trp64Arg polymorphism has been shown to be associated with obesity as well as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The incidence of overweight and the risks of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are also increased in major depression and schizophrenia. We hypothesized that the Trp64Arg polymorphism may be associated with increased risk of schizophrenia and depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Trp64Arg was genotyped in 504 patients with schizophrenia, 650 with major depressive disorder (MDD), and 1170 healthy controls. Of these participants, body mass index (BMI) data were available for 125 patients with schizophrenia, 219 with MDD, and 261 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference in genotype or allele distribution was found across the diagnostic groups. No significant difference in BMI was observed between the Arg allele carriers and the non-carriers in the MDD and the control groups. However, patients with schizophrenia carrying the Arg allele had significantly higher BMI (Mean (SD): Arg carriers: 26.5 (6.9), Arg non-carriers: 23.8 (4.3); P=0.019) and a higher rate of being overweight (BMI of 25 or more) compared to their counterparts (Trp/Trp group) (% overweight (SE): Arg carriers: 52.3 (7.5), Arg non-carriers: 32.1 (5.2); P=0.027).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We obtained no evidence for the association of ADRB3 Trp64Arg with the development of MDD or schizophrenia. However, the Arg allele was found to be associated with higher BMI and being overweight in patients with schizophrenia. This may imply that genotyping ADRB3 is of clinical use to detect schizophrenic individuals at risk for developing obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan. sasayama@shinshu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Daimei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sasayama
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teraishi
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatsumi
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Naoji
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunugi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001823:Body Composition / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003863:Depression / Q000235:genetics; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050177:Overweight / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C568534:ADRB3 protein, human; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3