title: A dietary resveratrol-rich grape extract prevents the developing of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta of pigs fed an atherogenic diet.
abstract: The presence of grape and wine polyphenol resveratrol (RES) in the diet is negligible. Therefore, the cardiovascular benefits of this molecule, in a dietary context, remain to be established. We aimed to investigate, through dietary intervention, the effects of a resveratrol-rich grape extract (GE-RES) on the prevention of early aortic lesions in pigs fed an atherogenic diet (AD). These effects were compared with those produced by a grape extract lacking RES (GE) or RES alone. Pigs fed the AD for 4 months showed early atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta: degeneration and fragmentation of elastic fibers, increase of intima thickness, subendothelial fibrosis, and accumulation of fatty cells and anion superoxide radicals. GE-RES was the most effective treatment and prevented the disruption of aortic elastic fibers, decreased their alteration (57%), and reduced the intima thickness (33%) and the accumulation of fatty cells (42%) and O(2)(•-) (38%) in aortic tissue. In addition, GE-RES moderately downregulated the expression of the suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and 3 (SOCS3), key regulators of vascular cell responses, in peripheral mononuclear blood cells. Our results suggest that the consumption of this GE-RES nutraceutical, in a dietary prevention context, could prevent early atherosclerotic events. The presence of RES in the grape extract strengthened these effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azorín-Ortuño
authors.forename: María Josefa
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Yañéz-Gascón
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Pallarés
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Sarrías
authors.forename: Mar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larrosa
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vallejo
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: García-Conesa
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tomás-Barberán
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Espín
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D013267:Stilbenes; D000077185:Resveratrol