title: Prospective study of prognostic value of Raf kinase inhibitory protein and pretreatment plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA for distant metastasis in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the predictive significance of Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its effect on distant metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The usual immunohistochemical stainings were performed to detect RKIP expression of cancer tissues from 210 patients with advanced NPC. After DNA samples from pretreatment plasma from these patients were extracted, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to quantitatively analyze plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RKIP expression was significantly different for different N classifications and WHO pathologic grades, respectively (p < .05). Cox regression confirmed RKIP and EBV DNA were independent prognostic markers for 5-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). In the high RKIP expression group, chemotherapy had a positive effect on improved DMFS, but not in the low RKIP expression group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RKIP could be identified as an independent prognostic factor on DMFS. For each combined treatment modality, the different impact of chemotherapy on distant metastasis might be related to the RKIP expression level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Si-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan-Qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Hai-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Wei-Xiong
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Mu-Sheng
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Hai-Qiang
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Ming-Huang
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology*; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; C511482:PEBP1 protein, human; D049488:Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein