title: Alcohol intake and its effect on some appetite-regulating hormones in man: influence of gastroprotection with sucralfate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alcohol stimulates appetite. Ghrelin, obestatin, glucagon-like peptide 1 and leptin are putative mediators.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We studied whether alcohol ingestion affects serum levels of these peripheral hormones, and if gastroprotective sucralfate prevents such an effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten participants were investigated on four occasions. On one alcohol was ingested; on another alcohol was given after pretreatment with sucralfate; on a third water was ingested; and on a fourth sucralfate was ingested followed by water. Serum hormones and ethanol concentrations were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ghrelin and leptin levels fell after ingestion of alcohol, whereas the obestatin and GLP-1 levels remained unchanged. Sucralfate did not affect any of the basal four hormone levels, nor the ghrelin or leptin responses to alcohol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An appetite-stimulating effect of alcohol is hardly mediated by any of the hormones studied in this investigation, as the GLP-1 and obestatin levels were unaffected by alcohol, the ghelin level decreased, and leptin - although declining after alcohol - has not previously been found to have short-term inhibitory effect on hunger.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Clinic of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. jan.calissendorff@karolinska.se
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calissendorff
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: Jens Juul
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brismar
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Röjdmark
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D013392:Sucralfate / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D054439:Ghrelin; D020738:Leptin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D000431:Ethanol; D013392:Sucralfate; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1