title: Cooperativity of peptidoglycan synthases active in bacterial cell elongation.
abstract: Growth of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan sacculus requires the co-ordinated activities of peptidoglycan synthases, hydrolases and cell morphogenesis proteins, but the details of these interactions are largely unknown. We now show that the Escherichia coli peptidoglycan glycosyltrasferase-transpeptidase PBP1A interacts with the cell elongation-specific transpeptidase PBP2 in vitro and in the cell. Cells lacking PBP1A are thinner and initiate cell division later in the cell cycle. PBP1A localizes mainly to the cylindrical wall of the cell, supporting its role in cell elongation. Our in vitro peptidoglycan synthesis assays provide novel insights into the cooperativity of peptidoglycan synthases with different activities. PBP2 stimulates the glycosyltransferase activity of PBP1A, and PBP1A and PBP2 cooperate to attach newly synthesized peptidoglycan to sacculi. PBP2 has peptidoglycan transpeptidase activity in the presence of active PBP1A. Our data also provide a possible explanation for the depletion of lipid II precursors in penicillin-treated cells.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banzhaf
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van den Berg van Saparoea
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terrak
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fraipont
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Egan
authors.forename: Jules
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Philippe
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zapun
authors.forename: Eefjan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Breukink
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nguyen-Distèche
authors.forename: Tanneke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: den Blaauwen
authors.forename: Waldemar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vollmer
mesh_terms: D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D046928:Peptidoglycan Glycosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D046915:Penicillin-Binding Proteins; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D046928:Peptidoglycan Glycosyltransferase; C575488:penicillin-binding protein 1A, E coli