title: Genetic prediction of postpartum diabetes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether genetic variants that predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes (T2D) could predict the development of diabetes after gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  13 SNPs (FTO rs8050136, CDKAL1 rs7754840 and rs7756992, CDKN2A/2B rs10811661, HHEX rs1111875, IGF2BP2 rs1470579 and rs4402960, SLC30A8 rs13266634, TCF7L2 rs7903146, PPARG rs1801282, GCK rs1799884, HNF1A rs1169288, and KCNJ11 rs5219) were genotyped in 793 women with GDM after a median follow-up of 57 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for age and ethnicity, the TCF7L2 rs7903146 and the FTO rs8050136 variants significantly predicted postpartum diabetes; hazard ratio (95% confidence interval 1.29 (1.01-1.66) and 1.36 (1.06-1.74), respectively (additive model) versus 1.45 (1.01-2.08) and 1.56 (1.06-2.29) (dominant model)). Adjusting for BMI attenuated the effect of the FTO variant, suggesting that the effect was mediated through its effect on BMI. Combining all risk alleles to a weighted risk score was significantly associated with the risk of postpartum diabetes (hazard ratio 1.11, 95% confidence interval 1.05-1.18, p=0.00016 after adjustment for age and ethnicity).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TCF7L2 rs7903146 and FTO rs8050136 polymorphisms, and particularly a weighted risk score of T2D risk alleles, predict diabetes after GDM. Further studies in other populations are needed to confirm our results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Helsingborg, Helsingborg, Sweden. magnus.ekelund@med.lu.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekelund
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shaat
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Almgren
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anderberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landin-Olsson
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lyssenko
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groop
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berntorp
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005820:Genetic Testing; D005838:Genotype; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000502:physiology; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; C544894:TCF7L2 protein, human; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human