title: Adiposity and physical activity are not related to academic achievement in school-aged children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the hypotheses that in elementary school students: (1) adiposity and academic achievement are negatively correlated and (2) physical activity and academic achievement are positively correlated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 1963 children in fourth to sixth grades. Adiposity was assessed by calculating body mass index (BMI) percentile and percent body fat and academic achievement with statewide standardized tests in 4 content areas. Socioeconomic status and age were control variables. A subset of participants (n = 261) wore an accelerometer for 3 days to provide objective measurement of physical activity. In addition, the association between weight status and academic achievement was examined by comparing children who could be classified as "extremely obese" and the rest of the sample, as well as comparing children who could be classified as normal weight, overweight, or obese. Extreme obesity was defined as ≥1.2 times the 95th percentile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that there were no significant associations between adiposity or physical activity and achievement in students. No academic achievement differences were found between children with BMI percentiles within the extreme obesity range and those who did not fall within the extreme obesity classification. In addition, no academic achievement differences were found for children with BMI percentiles within the normal weight, overweight, or obese ranges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results do not support the hypotheses that increased adiposity is associated with decreased academic achievement or that greater physical activity is related to improved achievement. However, these results are limited by methodological weaknesses, especially the use of cross-sectional data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA. monique.leblanc@selu.edu
authors.forename: Monique M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.forename: Corby K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sothern
authors.forename: Larry S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Webber
authors.forename: Allison B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williamson
mesh_terms: D061725:Accelerometry; D000124:Achievement; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic