title: Inactivation of feline calicivirus and murine norovirus during Dongchimi fermentation.
abstract: Among the traditional fermented vegetables in Korea, Dongchimi is a type of kimchi with a large water base. We aimed to investigate the survival of norovirus surrogates during Dongchimi fermentation. Dongchimi spiked with feline calicivirus (FCV) or murine norovirus (MNV) was prepared following a traditional recipe. Dongchimi was initially fermented at room temperature overnight and then kept at 4 °C. The number of lactic acid bacteria, pH, acidity, and virus titer were measured 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 days after fermentation. During the fermentation process, lactic acid bacteria and acidity increased. At the end of the fermentation, population of FCV and MNV decreased about 4.12 and 1.47 log units, respectively. Based on the significant reduction of norovirus surrogate during Dongchimi fermentation, we conclude that the risk of norovirus in Dongchimi may be low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Min Hwa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Sang-Do
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Changsun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017927:Calicivirus, Feline / Q000502:physiology*; D002415:Cats; D002460:Cell Line; D005285:Fermentation; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D029322:Norovirus / Q000502:physiology*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D038301:Virus Inactivation