title: APELIN promotes hematopoiesis from human embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Transcriptional profiling of differentiating human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) revealed that MIXL1-positive mesodermal precursors were enriched for transcripts encoding the G-protein-coupled APELIN receptor (APLNR). APLNR-positive cells, identified by binding of the fluoresceinated peptide ligand, APELIN (APLN), or an anti-APLNR mAb, were found in both posterior mesoderm and anterior mesendoderm populations and were enriched in hemangioblast colony-forming cells (Bl-CFC). The addition of APLN peptide to the media enhanced the growth of embryoid bodies (EBs), increased the expression of hematoendothelial genes in differentiating hESCs, and increased the frequency of Bl-CFCs by up to 10-fold. Furthermore, APLN peptide also synergized with VEGF to promote the growth of hESC-derived endothelial cells. These studies identified APLN as a novel growth factor for hESC-derived hematopoietic and endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Monash Immunology and Stem Cell Laboratories, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
authors.forename: Qing C
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Claire E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hirst
authors.forename: Magdaline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Elizabeth S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Jacqueline V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Schiesser
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gertow
authors.forename: Edouard G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Elefanty
mesh_terms: D000073861:Apelin; D000075244:Apelin Receptors; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004707:Endoderm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D055018:Hemangioblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008954:Models, Biological; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C115436:APLN protein, human; C104575:APLNR protein, human; D000073861:Apelin; D000075244:Apelin Receptors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled