title: Tolerability of sialendoscopy under local anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate patients' tolerance of sialendoscopy of the parotid and submandibular glands with local anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective case series of 84 adult patients who underwent sialendoscopy with local anesthesia at an academic tertiary referral hospital, we analyzed patients' demographic data, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status score, perioperative cardiovascular parameters, and results on a 2-question survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 84 patients, 44 were female and 40 were male (mean age, 48.6 years). The patients had a mean ASA status score of 1.57. On average, 2.16 mL of local anesthetic was used. The mean systolic blood pressure was 137 mm Hg, and the mean diastolic blood pressure was 80 mm Hg. The duration of the procedure showed a significant correlation with the maximum systolic blood pressure (r = 0.35; p = 0.001), the mean systolic blood pressure (r = 0.25; p = 0.02), the maximum diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.37; p = 0.001), and the mean diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.31; p = 0.005). The mean heart rate was 77 beats per minute. The majority of patients considered the procedure to be tolerable. In this series, the indications for conducting sialendoscopy under general anesthesia were procedures of greater invasiveness and complex situations with multiple sialolithiases, difficult anatomic preconditions, or a very long expected operation time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sialendoscopy performed with local anesthesia is well tolerated, provided that the patient has a good general health status and the operative procedure is not expected to be complex or long-lasting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Cologne, Köln, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan Christoffer
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Luers
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stenner
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schinke
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Helmstaedter
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beutner
mesh_terms: D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003971:Diastole; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018987:Salivary Ducts / Q000601:surgery*; D012466:Salivary Gland Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D013599:Systole; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine