title: [Subjective sleep characteristics, apnea episodes and day drowse in patients with systolic cardiac failure: potential of clinicofunctional outpatient examination].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize sleep apnea (SA) in patients with systolic cardiac failure (SCF) using respiratory monitoring, sleep quality and diurnal drowse questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 358 SCF outpatients with SA episodes were examined: 24 hour ECG and respiration monitoring, an analysis of diurnal drowse questionnaire survey, apnea and snoring self-appraisal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant SA episodes were registered in 15.1% of 358 patients (SA index 5 and more per hour). The episodes occurred significantly more frequently in patients with overweight and had high sensitivity and specificity. However no correlation was found with severity ofdiurnal drowse, sleep duration and age. SA risk was relatively high in patients with a history of snoring and nocturnal sleep apnea (2.95-2.79). The significance of the latter rose to 9.12-8.81 in SCF patients with normal myocardial mass index
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjective and objective sleep characteristics, except diurnal drowse, can be used for risk stratification in SCF patients with SA.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Rostorotskaia
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Él'gardt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D059026:Diagnostic Self Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D054143:Heart Failure, Systolic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods*; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000379:methods*; D012119:Respiration; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012894:Sleep Stages; D012913:Snoring / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires