title: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors as potential drugs for B-cell lymphoid malignancies and autoimmune disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the last few years, several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been synthesized and become available for preclinical studies and clinical trials. This article summarizes recent achievements in the mechanism of action, pharmacological properties, and clinical activity and toxicity, as well as the emerging role of TKIs in lymphoid malignancies, allergic diseases, and autoimmune disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review was conducted of the MEDLINE database PubMed for articles in English. Publications from 2000 through January 2012 were scrutinized. The search terms used were Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) inhibitors, PCI-32765, GDC-0834, LFM-A13, AVL-101, AVL-292, spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitors, R343, R406, R112, R788, fostamatinib, BAY-61-3606, C-61, piceatannol, Lyn, imatinib, nilotinib, bafetinib, dasatinib, GDC-0834, PP2, SU6656 in conjunction with lymphoid malignancy, NHL, CLL, autoimmune disease, allergic disease, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. Conference proceedings from the previous 5 years of the American Society of Hematology, European Hematology Association, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and ACR/ARHP Annual Scientific Meetings were searched manually. Additional relevant publications were obtained by reviewing the references from the chosen articles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of TKIs, especially inhibitors of Btk, Syk, and Lyn, is a promising new strategy for targeted treatment of B-cell lymphoid malignancies, autoimmune disorders and allergic diseases. However, definitive data from ongoing and future clinical trials will aid in better defining the status of TKIs in the treatment of these disorders.
authors.affiliation: Medical University of Lodz, Department of Hematology, Lodz, Poland. robaktad@csk.umed.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Robak
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Robak
mesh_terms: D000077329:Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015448:Leukemia, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000077329:Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase; C000625949:BTK protein, human; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D019061:src-Family Kinases