title: Antimicrobial, antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities of extract, fractions and isolated compounds from the stem of Erythroxylum caatingae plowman.
abstract: In the study, we have examined the antitumor and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extract, the fractions, a fraction of total alkaloids and two alkaloids isolated from the stem of Erythroxylum caatingae Plowman. All test fractions, except the hexane fractions, showed antimicrobial activity on gram-positive bacteria and fungi. The acetate: methanol (95:5), acetate, chloroform and hexane fractions show the highest cytotoxicity activity against the NCI-H292, HEp-2 and K562 cell lines using MTT. The absence of hemolysis in the erythrocytes of mice was observed in these fractions and 6β-Benzoyloxy-3α-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzoyloxy) tropane (catuabine B). Staining with Annexin V-FITC and JC-1 was used to verify the mechanism of action of the compounds of E. caatingae that showed cytotoxicity less than 30 μg/mL in leukemic cells. After 48 h of incubation, we observed that the acetate: methanol (95:5), acetate, and chloroform fractions, as well as the catuabine B, increased in the number of cells in early apoptosis, from 53.0 to 74.8%. An analysis of the potential of the mitochondrial membrane by incorporation of JC-1 showed that most cells during incubation of the acetate: methanol (95:5) and acetate fractions (63.85 and 59.2%) were stained, suggesting the involvement of an intrinsic pathway of apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Antibiotics of Departament, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Jaciana S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.affiliation: Antibiotics of Departament, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Rosilma O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Antibiotics of Departament, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Do Desterro Rodrigues
authors.affiliation: Antibiotics of Departament, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Kêsia X F R
authors.initials: KXFR
authors.lastname: Sena
authors.affiliation: Andrology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine Department, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: André M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.affiliation: Andrology Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine Department, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Maria M P
authors.initials: MMP
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Cx. Postal 5009, 58051-970, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
authors.forename: Steno L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Cx. Postal 5009, 58051-970, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
authors.forename: Josean F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Cx. Postal 5009, 58051-970, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcelo S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Antibiotics of Departament, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Silene C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.affiliation: Antibiotics of Departament, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brasil.
authors.forename: Teresinha Gonçalves
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Da Silva
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D030921:Erythroxylaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts