title: Mesenchymal stem cells associated with porous chitosan-gelatin scaffold: a potential strategy for alveolar bone regeneration.
abstract: Tissue engineering has emerged as a novel treatment for replacement of lost bone tissue. This study evaluated the effects of a chitosan-gelatin scaffold seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) in the healing process of tooth sockets in rats. BMMSCs isolated from transgenic rats expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) were expanded and seeded on a chitosan-gelatin scaffold. These constructs were cultured for three days and characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). Receptor rats received the implant in the left sockets, after upper first-molar extraction. Right alveoli served as control. Animals were sacrificed at days 5, 21, and 35 post-graft for examination. Morphometry demonstrated increased bone mineralization after 21 and 35 days in transplanted sockets. Migration, differentiation, and fate of eGFP-labeled BMMSCs were monitored by immunohistochemistry. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining (TRAP) was carried out at 21 days, to identify the involvement of osteoclastic cells in the scaffold resorption. The biomaterial was resorbed by TRAP-negative giant cells in a typical foreign body reaction. Immunohistochemical findings showed that BMMSCs contributed to bone, epithelial, and vascular repair. Together, results indicate that BMMSCs loaded in the chitosan-gelatin scaffold is a strategy for tissue development in bone engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Suzana C C C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Gerluza A B
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Renato M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: Fernando Antônio M
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: Marcelo V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Caliari
authors.forename: José B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Alfredo M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Goes
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D005780:Gelatin; D048271:Chitosan; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase