title: Comparison of the effects of carbamyl-beta-methylcholine chloride administered by intravenous, intramuscular and intra-acupuncture point injections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of carbamyl-beta-methylcholine chloride (CMCC) administered by intra-acupuncture point injection (IAI), intramuscular injection (IMI), and intravenous injection (IVI), and to analyze the mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the IAI group, CMCC was injected into the Zusanli acupoint (ST 36) immediately after 30-min stimulation by electro-acupuncture (EA) at the acupoints, and into the femoral vein and skeletal muscle in IVI and IMI groups, respectively. Intra-gastric pressure was detected. The plasma concentration of CMCC was measured at various times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gastric effect of CMCC in the IVI group was enhanced and attenuated more rapidly than in the other groups. In the IAI group, this effect was significantly stronger than that in the IMI group at 2 min and 15 min, but not significantly different between the two groups at 5 min and 30 min. Plasma concentration of CMCC in the IAI group was similar to that in the IVI group at 2 min, but higher than that in the IMI group. The concentration in the IAI group was higher than that in the IV group and similar to that in the IMI group at 5, 15 and 30 min, indicating rapid increase and slower reduction of the plasma concentration of the drug in the IAI group. There was a positive correlation between the plasma concentration of CMCC and intragastric pressure in all groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of IAI with CMCC was stronger than that of IMI and longer-lasting than that of IVI, which correlated with the blood concentration of CMCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bin
authors.forename: Jing-Jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Hong-Xin
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiao-Chun
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000818:Animals; D002794:Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C044887:beta-methylcholine; D002794:Choline