title: Programmed death ligand 2 in cancer-induced immune suppression.
abstract: Inhibitory molecules of the B7/CD28 family play a key role in the induction of immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment. The programmed death-1 receptor (PD-1), with its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, constitutes an important member of these inhibitory pathways. The relevance of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer has been extensively studied and therapeutic approaches targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 have been developed and are undergoing human clinical testing. However, PD-L2 has not received as much attention and its role in modulating tumor immunity is less clear. Here, we review the literature on the immunobiology of PD-L2, particularly on its possible roles in cancer-induced immune suppression and we discuss the results of recent studies targeting PD-L2 in cancer.
authors.affiliation: Tumor Immunology Group, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, 4th Floor, G-block, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: Esdy N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Rozali
authors.forename: Stanleyson V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Hato
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lake
authors.forename: W Joost
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lesterhuis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D051379:Mice; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000639:trends; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D061027:Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein / Q000276:immunology*; D019139:Tumor Escape; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061027:Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein