title: High detection rate of human papillomavirus in anal brushings from women attending a proctology clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study human papillomavirus (HPV) anal infection in anal brushings from women attending a proctology clinic, and compare results with those obtained from paired cervical brushings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women attending a university hospital proctology clinic for anal conditions or as part of a screening campaign, were enrolled consecutively, excluding those reporting previous HPV-related pathologies. HPV genotypes in anal and cervical brushings were determined by sequencing and, in most cases, type-specific viral loads were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV DNA was detected in 28.3% of anal brushings, with 47.4% of HPV genotypes being high risk. Cervical HPV detection was at almost the same rate but HPV status was discordant in about half those women with at least one positive specimen. Abnormal cytological findings were more common in anal than in cervical samples, in particular in the proctology outpatients. Viral load measurements excluded the existence of a multiple infection with genotypes detected in discordant anal- and cervical-paired samples and showed a significant correlation between anal and cervical paired concordant samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high rate of HPV detection in anal brushings that is not usually related to HPV positivity in cervical brushings could provide support for offering HPV DNA tests to women attending proctology clinics.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Viale di Porta Tiburtina 28, 00185 Rome, Italy. alessandra.pierangeli@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pierangeli
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scagnolari
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Selvaggi
authors.forename: Fabiana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cannella
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riva
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Impagnatiello
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciardi
authors.forename: Cosima Maria
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Moschella
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Antonelli
authors.forename: Marileda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Indinnimeo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000821:virology*; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012384:Rome / Q000453:epidemiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019562:Viral Load