title: Interfacial stress affects rat alveolar type II cell signaling and gene expression.
abstract: Previous work from our group (Ravasio A, Hobi N, Bertocchi C, Jesacher A, Dietl P, Haller T. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 300: C1456-C1465, 2011.) showed that contact of alveolar epithelial type II cells with an air-liquid interface (I(AL)) leads to a paradoxical situation. It is a potential threat that can cause cell injury, but also a Ca(2+)-dependent stimulus for surfactant secretion. Both events can be explained by the impact of interfacial tensile forces on cellular structures. Here, the strength of this mechanical stimulus became also apparent in microarray studies by a rapid and significant change on the transcriptional level. Cells challenged with an I(AL) in two different ways showed activation/inactivation of cellular pathways involved in stress response and defense, and a detailed Pubmatrix search identified genes associated with several lung diseases and injuries. Altogether, they suggest a close relationship of interfacial stress sensation with current models in alveolar micromechanics. Further similarities between I(AL) and cell stretch were found with respect to the underlying signaling events. The source of Ca(2+) was extracellular, and the transmembrane Ca(2+) entry pathway suggests the involvement of a mechanosensitive channel. We conclude that alveolar type II cells, due to their location and morphology, are specific sensors of the I(AL), but largely protected from interfacial stress by surfactant release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Division of Physiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hobi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ravasio
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haller
mesh_terms: D056809:Alveolar Epithelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013500:Surface Tension
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D010743:Phospholipids; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C068291:poractant alfa