title: Carotenoids, fatty acid composition and heat stability of supercritical carbon dioxide-extracted-oleoresins.
abstract: The risk of chronic diseases has been shown to be inversely related to tomato intake and the lycopene levels in serum and tissue. Cis-isomers represent approximately 50%-80% of serum lycopene, while dietary lycopene maintains the isomeric ratio present in the plant sources with about 95% of all-trans-lycopene. Supercritical CO(2) extraction (S-CO(2)) has been extensively developed to extract lycopene from tomato and tomato processing wastes, for food or pharmaceutical industries, also by using additional plant sources as co-matrices. We compared two S-CO(2)-extracted oleoresins (from tomato and tomato/hazelnut matrices), which showed an oil-solid bi-phasic appearance, a higher cis-lycopene content, and enhanced antioxidant ability compared with the traditional solvent extracts. Heat-treating, in the range of 60-100 °C, led to changes in the lycopene isomeric composition and to enhanced antioxidant activity in both types of oleoresins. The greater stability has been related to peculiar lycopene isomer composition and to the lipid environment. The results indicate these oleoresins are a good source of potentially healthful lycopene.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Lecce (ISPA-CNR), Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.affiliation: Unit of Lecce (ISPA-CNR), Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leo
authors.affiliation: Unit of Lecce (ISPA-CNR), Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leone
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling; D006358:Hot Temperature; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; C018620:oleoresins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene