title: Oral administration of fermented red ginseng suppressed ovalbumin-induced allergic responses in female BALB/c mice.
abstract: Anti-allergic efficacy of red ginseng (RG) and fermented red ginseng (FRG) was evaluated. RG or FRG were administered to ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice for 8 weeks. Immunoglobulins (Igs), Th1/Th2 type cytokines, and β-lactoglobulin (BLG) in serum, and intestinal barrier-related molecules in jejunum were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Mice sensitized with OVA increased serum IgG₁, IgE, OVA-IgG₁, and OVA-IgE. Both RG and FRG decreased serum IgE, OVA-IgE, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Serum BLG, a marker of gut permeability, was significantly higher in sensitized animals and was decreased in mice fed RG or FRG. In addition, intestinal barrier-related markers such as MMCP-1, IL-4, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS mRNA expressions were decreased by RG or FRG. Our results suggest in vivo anti-allergic activities of RG or FRG, which are associated with the regulation of Th1/Th2 balance, intestinal inflammation and subsequent the suppression of IgE.
authors.affiliation: Asan Institute for Life Science, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Min-Ji
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hye-Soon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Geun Eog
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Sung
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000009:adverse effects; D005894:Panax; D010539:Permeability; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D058408:Th1-Th2 Balance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007782:Lactoglobulins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D010047:Ovalbumin