title: Ergocalciferol from mushrooms or supplements consumed with a standard meal increases 25-hydroxyergocalciferol but decreases 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in the serum of healthy adults.
abstract: Few foods contain ergocalciferol or cholecalciferol. Treatment of mushrooms with UV light increases ergocalciferol content and could provide a dietary source of vitamin D. We evaluated the impact of consuming UV-treated white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) on the vitamin D status of healthy adults. Thirty-eight volunteers were randomized to 4 treatments consumed with a standard meal for 6 wk: the control (C) group received untreated mushrooms providing 0.85 μg/d ergocalciferol (n = 10); groups M1 and M2 received UV-treated mushrooms providing 8.8 (n = 10) and 17.1 μg/d (n = 9), respectively; and the supplement (S) group received purified ergocalciferol plus untreated mushrooms, providing a total of 28.2 μg/d (n = 9). Serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and 25-hydroxyergocalciferol [25(OH)D2] were 83 ± 38 and 2.4 ± 2.0 nmol/L, respectively, at baseline (mean ± SD). At wk 6, 25(OH)D2 had increased and was higher in all treatment groups than in the C group, whereas 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D3] had decreased and was lower in the M2 and S groups than in the C group. Increases in 25(OH)D2 for groups C, M1, M2, and S were 1.2 ± 5.2, 13.8 ± 7.3, 12.7 ± 3.7, and 32.8 ± 3.3 nmol/L and decreases in 25(OH)D3 were -3.9 ± 16.3, -10.4 ± 6.4, -20.6 ± 14.6, and -29.5 ± 15.9 nmol/L, respectively. Concentrations did not change in group C. In summary, ergocalciferol was absorbed and metabolized to 25(OH)D2 but did not affect vitamin D status, because 25(OH)D3 decreased proportionally.
authors.affiliation: USDA-Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. charles.stephensen@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Charles B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Stephensen
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zerofsky
authors.forename: Dustin J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.forename: Yan-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hammock
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McHugh
mesh_terms: D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000364:Agaricus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004872:Ergocalciferols / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000187:drug effects*; D012016:Reference Values; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004872:Ergocalciferols; D014815:Vitamins; D014807:Vitamin D; D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D002112:Calcifediol