title: Asiaticoside induces type I collagen synthesis and osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells.
abstract: Asiaticoside, an active ingredient extracted from Centella asiatica, has been widely used to promote wound healing. In this study, the effects of asiaticoside on proliferation, protein synthesis, and osteogenic differentiation in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLs) were investigated. HPDLs were treated with asiaticoside at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL. Cell number was determined by MTT assay. The mRNA expression was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry were used to confirm protein synthesis. Osteogenic differentiation was determined by alkaline phosphatase activity, osteoblast marker gene expression, and in vitro mineralization. The results showed that asiaticoside treatment, ranging from 25 to 100 mg/mL, had no effect on cytotoxicity or cell proliferation. When HPDLs were treated with asiaticoside in serum-free medium, dose-dependent increases in the levels of fibronectin and collagen type I mRNA and protein were observed at 72 h. Moreover, asiaticoside attenuated matrix metalloproteinase-1 but enhanced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 mRNA expression. The addition of asiaticoside to osteogenic medium resulted in an increase in alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity, up-regulation of osteoblast marker gene mRNA expression, and enhancement of mineralization by HPDLs. These results suggest the potential application of asiaticoside for enhancing periodontal tissue healing.
authors.affiliation: Mineralized Tissue Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
authors.forename: Nunthawan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nowwarote
authors.forename: Thanaphum
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osathanon
authors.forename: Peachaya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jitjaturunt
authors.forename: Sukuman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manopattanasoontorn
authors.forename: Prasit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pavasant
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D028041:Centella / Q000737:chemistry; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; C560822:TIMP1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D014315:Triterpenes; C522360:MMP1 protein, human; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; C004446:asiaticoside