title: Determinants of high weight gain and high BMI status in the first three months in urban Chinese infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Investigate the potential factors associated with high weight gain and high BMI status in the first three months of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally, 930 healthy neonates (489 boys and 441 girls) were involved in this community-based, prospective study in China. Data on body weight and length were collected at birth, and the 1st and 3rd months. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data regarding social demography, gestational status, delivery, and the feeding patterns of children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalences of high BMI status (BMI = 85th p, re WHO BMI standards) increased over time in both sexes, reaching 24.5% and 12.0% for boys and girls, respectively. General linear mixed models indicate high BMI status at 3 months is significantly and inversely associated with breastfeeding, as a proportion of feeding occasions [OR 0.74 (95%CI: 0.56-0.98)] and positively with lower birth weight [OR 2.07 (95%CI: 1.23-3.49)]. High weight gain (=85th p, re WHO velocity standards) in the first 3 months is also significantly associated with breastfeeding [OR 0.76 (95%CI: 0.59-0.96)] and sex, with boys at a higher risk than girls [OR 1.44 (95%CI: 1.07-1.97)]. Living in an extended family is associated with both high weight gain and high BMI status, but with marginal statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analyses indicate an increasing trend of high BMI status in early infancy. Breastfeeding provides a protective effect for both high weight gain and high BMI status. The results concerning birth weight suggests a target for intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Woman and Child's Care and Adolescence Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. jd_zh@hotmail.com, jd_zh@mail.hust.edu.cn
authors.forename: Jianduan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jingxiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Himes
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guoyan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaona
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Junxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Shuhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014504:Urban Health; D015430:Weight Gain