title: Protective effect of T. violacea rhizome extract against hypercholesterolemia-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats.
abstract: The present study examines the effect of methanolic extract of T. violacea rhizomes on high cholesterol (2%) diet fed rats (HCD). At the end of 4 weeks, serum total protein, albumin, reduced glutathione (GSH), and markers of oxidative stress viz., catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS--a marker of lipid peroxidation), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the serum, aorta, liver and heart of HCD and normal rats were assessed and compared. A significant (p < 0.05) elevation in TBARS, and a reduction (p < 0.05) in serum total protein, albumin, GSH and antioxidant enzyme activities was observed in tissues of HCD fed rats compared with the normal group. Co-administration of crude extracts of T. violacea rhizomes protected the liver, heart, serum and aorta against HCD-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose dependant manner. The activities of the extract (500 mg/kg) compared favorably with gemfibrozil. The extracts also protected against HCD-induced reduction in serum total protein, GSH and restored the activities of antioxidant tissues (liver, heart and aorta) enzymes to near normal values. This result suggested that consumption of T. violacea rhizome may help to protect against hypercholesterolemia- induced oxidative stress diseases in the heart and liver.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa. sinbadkd@gmail.com
authors.forename: Olorunnisola Sinbad
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Olorunnisola
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Anthony Jide
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Afolayan
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D000975:Antioxidants; D001798:Blood Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005978:Glutathione