title: Meat and fish consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
abstract: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer death worldwide with large geographical variation, which implies the contribution of diet and lifestyle in its etiology. We examined the association of meat and fish consumption with risk of pancreatic cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). A total of 477,202 EPIC participants from 10 European countries recruited between 1992 and 2000 were included in our analysis. Until 2008, 865 nonendocrine pancreatic cancer cases have been observed. Calibrated relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed using multivariable-adjusted Cox hazard regression models. The consumption of red meat (RR per 50 g increase per day = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.93-1.14) and processed meat (RR per 50 g increase per day = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.71-1.23) were not associated with an increased pancreatic cancer risk. Poultry consumption tended to be associated with an increased pancreatic cancer risk (RR per 50 g increase per day = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.04-2.84); however, there was no association with fish consumption (RR per 50 g increase per day = 1.22, 95% CI = 0.92-1.62). Our results do not support the conclusion of the World Cancer Research Fund that red or processed meat consumption may possibly increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. The positive association of poultry consumption with pancreatic cancer might be a chance finding as it contradicts most previous findings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. sabine.rohrmann@ifspm.uzh.ch
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rohrmann
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linseisen
authors.forename: Ute
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authors.lastname: Nöthlings
authors.forename: Kim
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authors.lastname: Overvad
authors.forename: Rikke
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authors.lastname: Egeberg
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authors.lastname: Tjønneland
authors.forename: Marie Christine
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authors.lastname: Boutron-Ruault
authors.forename: Françoise
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authors.lastname: Clavel-Chapelon
authors.forename: Vanessa
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authors.lastname: Cottet
authors.forename: Valeria
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authors.lastname: Pala
authors.forename: Rosario
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authors.lastname: Tumino
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palli
authors.forename: Salvatore
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authors.lastname: Panico
authors.forename: Paolo
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authors.forename: Heiner
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authors.forename: Verena
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authors.lastname: Grote
authors.forename: Birigit
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authors.lastname: Teucher
authors.forename: Kay-Tee
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authors.forename: Nicholas J
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authors.forename: Francesca L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: Ioulia
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authors.lastname: Goufa
authors.forename: Philippos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orfanos
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trichopoulou
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jeurnink
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Siersema
authors.forename: Petra H M
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Peeters
authors.forename: Magritt
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authors.lastname: Brustad
authors.forename: Dagrun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Engeset
authors.forename: Guri
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authors.lastname: Skeie
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Duell
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amiano
authors.forename: Aurelio
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authors.lastname: Barricarte
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molina-Montes
authors.forename: Laudina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: María-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tormo
authors.forename: Malin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sund
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindkvist
authors.forename: Dorthe
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Mazda
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authors.lastname: Jenab
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Slimani
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboli
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Norat
authors.forename: H Bas
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Bueno-de-Mesquita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005396:Fish Products; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D011200:Poultry; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors