title: Identification and quantification of phenobarbital in a mummified body 10 years after death.
abstract: This article reports the determination of phenobarbital in the mummified body of a 56-year-old man found completely mummified 10 years after his death. When alive, he was being treated for epilepsy with phenobarbital, and the recent analyses, performed with both immunochemical techniques and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), have revealed the presence of this substance in various tissues: the mean content of barbiturate in the mummified liver tissue was 93 μg/g, 216 μg/g in the heart, 17 μg/g in the lungs, 12 μg/g in muscles, and 31 μg/g in the skin. Preliminary screening tests with immunochemical techniques to evaluate the presence of other drugs were also performed. The sample resulted negative for all substances tested. Phenobarbital can be identified and quantified thanks to its excellent chemical stability and a hypothesis of what the concentrations in the fresh tissue could have been has also been reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Section of Forensic Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy. m.giusiani@med.unipi.it
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giusiani
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chericoni
authors.forename: Ranieri
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Domenici
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000032:analysis*; D053593:Forensic Toxicology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009106:Mummies / Q000473:pathology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000032:analysis*; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010634:Phenobarbital