title: Culture of human septal chondrocytes in a rotary bioreactor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  (1) To show that extracellular matrix deposition in 3-dimensional culture of human septal chondrocytes cultured in a rotary bioreactor is comparable to the deposition achieved under static culture conditions. (2) To demonstrate that the biomechanical properties of human septal chondrocytes cultured in a bioreactor are enhanced with time and are analogous to beads cultured under static culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, basic science.
  
  
  METHODS
  Research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human septal chondrocytes from 9 donors were expanded in monolayer and seeded in alginate beads. The beads were cultured in a rotary bioreactor for 21 days in media supplemented with growth factors and human serum, using static culture as the control. Biochemical and biomechanical properties of the beads were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) accumulation significantly increased during 2 measured time intervals, 0 to 21 days and 10 to 21 days (P < .01). No significant difference was seen between the static and bioreactor conditions. Substantial type II collagen production was demonstrated in the beads terminated at day 21 of culture in both conditions. In addition, the biomechanical properties of the beads were significantly improved at 21 days in comparison to beads from day 0.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human septal chondrocytes cultured in alginate beads exhibit significant matrix deposition and improved biomechanical properties after 21 days. Alginate bead diameter and stiffness positively correlated with GAG and type II collagen accretion. Matrix production in beads is supported by the use of a rotary bioreactor.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. mreuther@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Marsha S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Reuther
authors.forename: Van W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Kristen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: Angela A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Quynhhoa T
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Barbara L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Sah
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D019149:Bioreactors; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D016014:Linear Models; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid