title: Beneficial effects of the ethanol extract of Caesalpinia pyramidalis on the inflammatory response and abdominal hyperalgesia in rats with acute pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caesalpinia pyramidalis Tul. (Fabaceae) is a plant found in the Northeast of Brazil that is popularly used to treat inflammation. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease for which abdominal pain is a relevant symptom. As there is no specific therapy for AP, we investigated the effect of the ethanol extract from the inner bark of C. pyramidalis (EECp) on the AP induced by common bile duct obstruction (CBDO) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  AP was induced in male Wistar rats (200-250 g, n=6-8) through laparotomy and subsequent CBDO. Animals were euthanized after 6 (G6h) or 24 h (G24h) of induction. In the G6h protocol, animals were pretreated with EECp (100-400 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle (Tween 80; 0.2%) 1h before CBDO or sham surgery. For the G24h protocol, rats were pretreated with EECp (400mg/kg, 1h before CBDO or 1 h before and 12 h after CBDO) or vehicle. The following parameters were measured: inflammatory/oxidative (myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde formation in the pancreas and lung, leukocyte counts in the blood and serum nitrate/nitrite), enzymatic (serum amylase and lipase levels) and nociceptive (abdominal hyperalgesia).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Induction of AP by CBDO significantly increased all the parameters evaluated in both G6h and G24h protocols when compared with the respective sham group. In the G6h protocol, the EECp pretreatment (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced all these parameters, besides completely inhibiting abdominal hyperalgesia. The same profile of reduction was observed from two administrations of EECp in the G24h protocol, while one single dose of EECp was able to significantly reduce pancreatic MDA, serum lipase levels, leukocyte counts in the blood and abdominal hyperalgesia without affecting the other parameters in the G24h protocol. Furthermore, rutin was found in the EECp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that EECp decreases inflammation, lipoperoxidation and hyperalgesia in CBDO-induced AP, making it of interest in future approaches to treat this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, 49100-000 SE, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Cliomar A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Alan D C
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Paulo C L
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Sara M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Thomazzi
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Estevam
authors.forename: Angelo R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Antoniolli
authors.forename: Enilton A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Camargo
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D000208:Acute Disease; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil; D029911:Caesalpinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002779:Cholestasis; D003135:Common Bile Duct; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012431:Rutin / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D012431:Rutin; D009195:Peroxidase; D008049:Lipase; D000681:Amylases