title: Distinguishing pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis and healthy individuals by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabonomic profiles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a noninvasive and accessible diagnostic method for pancreatic cancer (PC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We presented a metabolomic method, pattern recognition techniques applied to (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) spectra, to investigate the plasma metabolites obtained from 19 patients with PC, 20 patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and 20 healthy individuals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metabolic changes associated with PC included abnormal amino acid and lipid metabolism, and possible multiple metabolic syndrome. PC elevated plasma levels of N-acetyl glycoprotein (NAG), dimethylamine (DMA), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and acetone, and reduced levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), citrate, alanine, glutamate, glutamine, histidine, isoleucine, lysine, and valine. These metabolites could be a biomarker group for PC that distinguishes between PC and CP patients and healthy individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NMR-based metabonomic strategy appears as a promising approach for distinguishing pancreatic cancer and identifying new strategies for prevention or therapy in the clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Xuegang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shanhong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Kaichun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yongzhan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Yanglin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Daiming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004123:Dimethylamines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D052439:Lipid Metabolism Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004123:Dimethylamines; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D019344:Lactic Acid; C034516:dimethylamine; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid