title: Effect of different final irrigation solutions on dentinal tubule penetration depth and percentage of root canal sealer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different solutions used for final irrigation on sealer penetration into dentinal tubules.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two recently extracted human mandibular premolar teeth were treated with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation. The samples were divided into 4 groups according to the final irrigation solution used: (1) the EDTA group: 17% EDTA + 2.5% NaOCl, (2) the maleic acid (MA) group: 7% MA + 2.5% NaOCl, (3) the citric acid (CA) group: 10% CA + 2.5% NaOCl, and (4) the control group: 2.5% NaOCl. All teeth were obturated using the cold lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha and AH 26 sealer (Dentsply; DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) labeled with fluorescent dye. The teeth were sectioned at distances of 2, 5, and 8 mm from the root apex. Total percentage and maximum depth of sealer penetration were measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Kruskal-Wallis analysis results showed that there was a significant difference in the percentage and maximum depth of sealer penetration among all groups in all sections (P < .05).The coronal sections in each group showed a significantly higher percentage and maximum depth of sealer penetration than did the apical and middle sections (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Final irrigation with EDTA, MA, and CA after the use of NaOCl affected sealer penetration. However, there was no significant difference between these experimental groups (EDTA, MA, and CA) in all sections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey. aysunkara80@gmail.com
authors.forename: Aysun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kara Tuncer
authors.forename: Safa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuncer
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D003806:Dentin Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000379:methods; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D008298:Maleates; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D019343:Citric Acid; C030272:maleic acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite