title: Impact of hypoxia, simulated ischemia and reperfusion in HL-1 cells on the expression of FKBP12/FKBP12.6 and intracellular calcium dynamics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a cardiac cell culture model for simulated ischemia and reperfusion and in this model investigate the impact of simulated ischemia and reperfusion on expression of the calcium handling proteins FKBP12 and FKBP12.6, and intracellular calcium dynamics.
  
  
  METHODS
  HL-1 cell cultures were exposed to normoxia (as control), hypoxia, simulated ischemia (HEDA) or HEDA+reactive oxygen species (ROS) for up to 24 h and after HEDA, with or without ROS, followed or not by simulated reperfusion (REPH) for 6 h. Viability was analyzed with a trypan blue exclusion method. Cell lysates were analyzed with real-time PCR and Western blot (WB) for FKBP12 and FKBP12.6. Intracellular Ca(2+)measurements were performed using dual-wavelength ratio imaging in fura-2 loaded cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A time-dependent drop in viability was shown after HEDA (P<0.001). Viability was not further influenced by addition of ROS or REPH. The general patterns of FKBP12 and FKBP12.6 mRNA expression showed upregulation after hypoxia, downregulation after ischemia and normalization after reperfusion, which was partially attenuated if ROS was added during HEDA. The protein contents were unaffected after hypoxia, tended to increase after ischemia and, for FKBP12.6, a further increase after reperfusion was shown. Hypoxia or HEDA, with or without REPH, resulted in a decreased amplitude of the Ca(2+) peak in response to caffeine. In addition, cells subjected to HEDA for 3 h or HEDA for 3 h followed by 6 h of REPH displayed irregular Ca(2+) oscillations with a decreased frequency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A threshold for cell survival with respect to duration of ischemia was established in our cell line model. Furthermore, we could demonstrate disturbances of calcium handling in the sarcoplasmic reticulum as well as alterations in the expressions of the calcium handling proteins FKBP12 and FKBP12.6, why this model may be suitable for further studies on ischemia and reperfusion with respect to calcium handling of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. karin.astrom-olsson@vgregion.se
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Åström-Olsson
authors.forename: Lizhen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Charlotta S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Olofsson
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borén
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Öhlin
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grip
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D022061:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D022061:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; C403484:tacrolimus binding protein 1B; D010100:Oxygen; D002118:Calcium