title: Endothelial cell attachment and shear response on biomimetic polymer-coated vascular grafts.
abstract: Endothelial cell (EC) adhesion, shear retention, morphology, and hemostatic gene expression on fibronectin (FN) and RGD fluorosurfactant polymer (FSP)-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts were investigated using an in vitro perfusion system. ECs were sodded on both types of grafts and exposed to 8 dyn/cm(2) of shear stress. After 24 h, the EC retention on RGD-FSP-coated grafts was 59 ± 14%, which is statistically higher than the 36 ± 11% retention measured on FN grafts (p < 0.02). Additionally, ECs on RGD-FSP exhibited a more spread morphology and oriented in the direction of shear stress, as demonstrated by actin fiber staining. This spread morphology has been observed earlier in cells that are adapting to shear stress. Real-time PCR for vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, tissue factor, tissue plasminogen activator, and inducible nitric oxide synthase indicated that the RGD-FSP material did not activate the cells and that shear stress appears to induce a more vasoprotective phenotype, as shown by a significant decrease in VCAM-1 expression, compared with sodded grafts. RGD-FSP-coating allows for a cell layer that is more resistant to physiological shear stress, as shown by the increased cell retention over FN. This shear stable EC layer is necessary for in vivo endothelialization of the graft material, which shows promise to increase the patency of synthetic small diameter vascular grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Lynn A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dudash
authors.forename: Faina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kligman
authors.forename: Samantha M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sarett
authors.forename: Kandice
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kottke-Marchant
authors.forename: Roger E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Marchant
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010477:Perfusion; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D009842:Oligopeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D014867:Water; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene