title: Establishing the radiation risk from fluoroscopic-assisted arthroscopic surgery of the hip.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to quantify patient exposure to ionising radiation during fluoroscopic-assisted arthroscopic surgery of the hip, establish a risk profile of this exposure, and reassure patients of radiation safety during the procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analysed the dose area products for 50 consecutive patients undergoing arthroscopic hip surgery by an experienced hip arthroscopic surgeon. The effective dose and organ dose were derived using a Monte Carlo program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean total fluoroscopy time was 1.10 minutes and the mean dose area product value was 297.2 cGycm(2). We calculated the entrance skin dose to be 52 mGy to the area where the beam was targeted (81 cm(2)). The mean effective dose for intra-operative fluoroscopy was 0.33 mSv, with a SD of 0.90 Sv.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms that fluoroscopic-assisted arthroscopic surgery of the hip is safe with a low maximum radiation dose and supports its continued use in preference to alternative imaging modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrooke's - Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Box 37, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Budd
authors.forename: Anushka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patchava
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khanduja
mesh_terms: D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D010053:Ovary / Q000528:radiation effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011467:Prostate / Q000528:radiation effects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology*; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012867:Skin / Q000528:radiation effects; D013737:Testis / Q000528:radiation effects; D014599:Uterus / Q000528:radiation effects