title: Development of abbreviated nine-item forms of the Raven's standard progressive matrices test.
abstract: The Raven's standard progressive matrices (RSPM) is a 60-item test for measuring abstract reasoning, considered a nonverbal estimate of fluid intelligence, and often included in clinical assessment batteries and research on patients with cognitive deficits. The goal was to develop and apply a predictive model approach to reduce the number of items necessary to yield a score equivalent to that derived from the full scale. The approach is based on a Poisson predictive model. A parsimonious subset of items that accurately predicts the total score was sought, as was a second nonoverlapping alternate form for repeated administrations. A split sample was used for model fitting and validation, with cross-validation to verify results. Using nine RSPM items as predictors, correlations of .9836 and .9782 were achieved for the reduced forms and .9063 and .8978 for the validation data. Thus, a 9-item subset of RSPM predicts the total score for the 60-item scale with good accuracy. A comparison of psychometric properties between 9-item forms, a published 30-item form, and the 60-item set is presented. The two 9-item forms provide a 75% administration time savings compared with the 30-item form, while achieving similar item- and test-level characteristics and equal correlations to 60-item based scores.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA. warren@upenn.edu
authors.forename: Warren B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Bilker
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Colleen M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brensinger
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: Raquel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gur
authors.forename: Ruben C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Gur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011340:Problem Solving; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis; D055815:Young Adult