title: Familial recurrence of cerebral palsy with multiple risk factors.
abstract: The recurrence of cerebral palsy in the same family is uncommon. We, however, report on two families with two or more affected siblings. In both families, numerous potential risk factors were identified including environmental, obstetric, and possible maternal effects. We hypothesize that multiple risk factors may lead to the increased risk of recurrence of cerebral palsy in families. Intrinsic and maternal risk factors should be investigated in all cases of cerebral palsy to properly counsel families on the risk of recurrence. Recent studies of genetic polymorphisms associated with cerebral palsy are considered with reference to our observations in these two families.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 4-588 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy (ECHA), Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1C9.
authors.forename: Lawrence P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Richer
authors.forename: Nancy A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Dower
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: Alicia K J
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Charlene M T
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Robertson