Cardiac arrest following ketamine administration for rapid sequence intubation.
Given their relative hemodynamic stability, ketamine and etomidate are commonly chosen anesthetic agents for sedation during the endotracheal intubation of critically ill patients. As the use of etomidate has come into question particularly in patients with sepsis, due to its effect of adrenal suppression, there has been a shift in practice with more reliance on ketamine. However, as ketamine relies on a secondary sympathomimetic effect for its cardiovascular stability, cardiovascular and hemodynamic compromise may occur in patients who are catecholamine depleted. We present 2 critically ill patients who experienced cardiac arrest following the administration of ketamine for rapid sequence intubation (RSI). The literature regarding the use of etomidate and ketamine for RSI in critically ill patients is reviewed and options for sedation during endotracheal intubation in this population are discussed.
Department of Anesthesiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital and the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Elisabeth
E
Dewhirst
W Joshua
WJ
Frazier
Marc
M
Leder
Douglas D
DD
Fraser
Joseph D
JD
Tobias
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D058109:Airway Management / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods; D005045:Etomidate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D009820:Ohio; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055986:Vital Signs
D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D007649:Ketamine; D005045:Etomidate