Zyflamend, a combination of herbal extracts, attenuates tumor growth in murine xenograft models of prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer (PrC) is the second deadliest cancer of males in the United States Hormone deprivation therapy (HDT), a common therapy for advanced forms of the disease, results in tumor regression; unfortunately, tumors inevitably become castrate-resistant. Diet is not an appropriate primary therapy for refractory forms of the disease; however, diet may be effective as an adjuvant to HDT, potentially extending the latency period and delaying relapse and/or inhibiting refractory growth. Zyflamend® is a combination of extracts from multiple herbs, each with reported anticancer properties. Zyflamend can inhibit growth of various PrC cell lines, but no studies have investigated its potential use in vivo using a model of castrate-resistant PrC. In this study, oral doses of Zyflamend at human equivalent doses inhibited androgen-dependent and castrate-resistant tumor growth in a mouse model that mimics advanced stages of the disease, and reduced the expression of a number of biomarkers linked to PrC progression including pAKT, prostate specific antigen, histone deacetylases, and androgen receptor. In summary, this is the first article to report that Zyflamend, when provided at human equivalent doses, can potentiate the effects of hormone deprivation on tumor regression and growth inhibition of androgen-dependent and castrate-resistant PrC tumors in vivo.
Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-192, USA.
E-Chu
EC
Huang
Michael F
MF
McEntee
Jay
J
Whelan
D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002369:Castration; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; C519312:Zyflamend; D013739:Testosterone; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D006655:Histone Deacetylases