Targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors in neuroimmune communication.
L-Glutamate (L-Glu) is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the Central Nervous System (CNS), where it regulates cellular and synaptic activity, neuronal plasticity, cell survival and other relevant functions. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is complex and involves both ionotropic (ligand-gated ion channels; iGluRs) and metabotropic receptors (G-protein coupled receptors). Recent evidence suggests that glutamatergic receptors are also expressed by immune cells, regulating the degree of cell activation. In this review we primarily focus on mGluRs and their role in the crosstalk between the central nervous and immune systems during neuroinflammation.
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
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D000494:Allosteric Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D020274:Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009443:Neuritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects*
D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate