Migraine and cardiovascular diseases.
Migraine has complex relationships with cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disorders but also with cardiac anomalies. Patients affected by migraine with aura have an increased prevalence of right-to-left shunt due to patent foramen ovale or pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. The association between ischemic heart disease, cardiovascular mortality and migraine remains unsettled. The debate focuses on a physiopathological link between migraine and cardiovascular diseases or a higher prevalence of risk factors in migraineurs.
IRCCS Bologna Institute of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Via U Foscolo 7, 40123 Bologna, Italy. giulia.pierangeli@unibo.it
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D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020325:Migraine with Aura / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors