Regulation of T(H)2 development by CXCR5+ dendritic cells and lymphotoxin-expressing B cells.
Although cognate encounters between antigen-bearing dendritic cells (DCs) that express the chemokine receptor CCR7 and CCR7(+) naive T cells take place in the T cell zone of lymph nodes, it is unknown whether the colocalization of DCs and T cells in the T cell area is required for the generation of effector cells. Here we found that after infection with an intestinal nematode, antigen-bearing DCs and CD4(+) T cells upregulated the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and localized together outside the T cell zone by a mechanism dependent on the chemokine CXCL13, B cells and lymphotoxin. Notably, lymphotoxin-expressing B cells, CXCR5-expressing DCs and T cells, and CXCL13 were also necessary for development of interleukin 4 (IL-4)-producing type 2 helper T cells (T(H)2 cells), which suggests that T(H)2 differentiation can initiate outside the T cell zone.
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
Beatriz
B
León
André
A
Ballesteros-Tato
Jeffrey L
JL
Browning
Robert
R
Dunn
Troy D
TD
Randall
Frances E
FE
Lund
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13 / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009351:Nematospiroides dubius / Q000276:immunology; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5 / Q000276:immunology*; D017206:Strongylida Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
C513179:CXCR5 protein, mouse; D054382:Chemokine CXCL13; C486386:Cxcl13 protein, mouse; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5; D015847:Interleukin-4