Receptor-associated prorenin system in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases.
Receptor-associated prorenin system (RAPS) refers to the pathogenic mechanisms whereby prorenin binding to (pro)renin receptor [(P)RR] dually activates tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and RAS-independent intracellular signaling through the receptor. Although we found significant involvement of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-R) in intraocular inflammation and neovascularization, central pathologies of age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, the association of RAPS with these vision-threatening disorders has not been defined. (P)RR blockade to murine disease models led to significant suppression of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization and diabetes-induced retinal inflammation together with the upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Either the genetic ablation or the pharmacological blockade of AT1-R exhibited significant reduction of choroidal and retinal abnormalities, both of which were further suppressed by (P)RR blockade. (P)RR blockade inhibited ERK activation and the production of VEGF and MCP-1, but not ICAM-1, in AT1-R-deficient mice with retinal and choroidal disorders. These recent findings indicate significant contribution of RAPS to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.
Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Shingo
S
Satofuka
Atsuhiro
A
Kanda
Susumu
S
Ishida
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D012083:Renin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000093342:Prorenin Receptor
D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D012083:Renin; D000093342:Prorenin Receptor