Visual acuity of dentists under simulated clinical conditions.
OBJECTIVE
This study examined the near visual acuity of dentists in relation to age and magnification under simulated clinical conditions.


METHODS
Miniaturized visual tests were performed in posterior teeth of a dental phantom head in a simulated clinical setting (dental chair, operating lamp, dental mirror). The visual acuity of 40 dentists was measured under the following conditions: (1) natural visual acuity, distance of 300 mm; (2) natural visual acuity, free choice of distance; (3) Galilean loupes, magnification of ×2.5; (4) Keplerian loupes, ×4.3; (5) operating microscope, ×4, integrated light; (6) operating microscope, ×6.4, integrated light.


RESULTS
The visual acuity varied widely between individuals and was significantly lower in the group ≥40 years of age (p < 0.001). Significant differences were found between all tested conditions (p < 0.01). Furthermore, a correlation between visual acuity and age was found for all conditions. The performance with the microscope was better than with loupes even with comparable magnification factors. Some dentists had a better visual acuity without optical aids than others with Galilean loupes.


CONCLUSIONS
Near visual acuity under simulated clinical conditions varies widely between individuals and decreases throughout life. Visual deficiencies can be compensated for with optical aids.


CONCLUSIONS
Newly developed miniaturized vision tests have allowed, in a clinically relevant way, to evaluate the influence of magnification and age on the near visual acuity of dentists.
Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Martina
M
Eichenberger
Philippe
P
Perrin
Klaus W
KW
Neuhaus
Ueli
U
Bringolf
Adrian
A
Lussi
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003815:Dentists; D006801:Humans; D007909:Lenses; D008027:Light; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation; D008875:Middle Aged; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D014787:Vision Tests; D014792:Visual Acuity