The experience of fatigue as a distressing symptom of heart failure.
OBJECTIVE
We explored the perceptions, experience, and meaning of fatigue as a distressing symptom of chronic heart failure (HF).


BACKGROUND
Fatigue, a common symptom of HF, may indicate worsening condition. Patients interpret their symptoms to determine the need for assistance. The meaning of fatigue in everyday life for HF patients in the United States is not well understood.


METHODS
We performed an interpretive study of in-depth interviews with HF patients (n = 26) who reported fatigue as a symptom, using a thematic analysis of transcripts within an iterative group framework.


RESULTS
Fatigue is characterized by patient values related to their self-identity, their body, their experience of time, their environment, and their relationships with others, including the healthcare system.


CONCLUSIONS
Fatigue influences perceived proximity to death and how patients try to preserve what they can do. A patient's HF management plan should be tailored and responsive to that patient's experience of fatigue as communicated by the patient.
College of Nursing, University of Colorado, Anchutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. jacqueline.jones@ucdenver.edu
Jacqueline
J
Jones
Carrie M
CM
McDermott
Carolyn T
CT
Nowels
Daniel D
DD
Matlock
David B
DB
Bekelman
D000368:Aged; D003120:Colorado / Q000453:epidemiology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires