Seasonal changes in fitness parameters in a world champion rowing crew.
OBJECTIVE
To examine variations in physical, physiological, and performance parameters over an annual training cycle in a world champion rowing crew.


METHODS
Four world-class rowers, all of them members of the men's heavyweight quadruple sculls squad who are current world rowing champions, were assessed 3 times at regular 4-mo intervals during the 2011 season (November 2010, March 2011, and July 2011). Physical assessments included stature, body mass, body composition, whereas physiological and performance assessments obtained during an incremental rowing ergometer test to exhaustion included maximum oxygen uptake and anaerobic gas-exchange threshold with corresponding power output values.


RESULTS
Body mass (∼95 kg) and body composition (∼12% body fat) remained stable over the annual training cycle. Power output at anaerobic gas-exchange threshold increased +16% from November to July, whereas the corresponding oxygen uptake, expressed as a percentage of maximum oxygen uptake, increased from 83% to 90%. Maximum oxygen uptake decreased from 6.68 L/min in November to 6.10 L/min in March before rising to 6.51 L/min in July. The corresponding power output increased steadily from 450 W to 481 W.


CONCLUSIONS
Seasonal variation in body mass and body composition of 4 examined world-class rowers was minimal. Oxygen uptake and power output corresponding to anaerobic threshold continuously increased from off-season to peak competition season. Seasonal variation in maximum oxygen uptake reached ∼10%; however, it remained above 6 L/min, that is, the value consistently observed in top caliber heavyweight rowers regardless of the time of the assessment.
School of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Pavle
P
Mikulic
D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D054874:Athletic Performance; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D012621:Seasons; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis