Rapid repeat pregnancy in adolescents: do immediate postpartum contraceptive implants make a difference?
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to determine contraceptive continuation and repeat pregnancy rates in adolescents who are offered immediate postpartum etonogestrel implant (IPI) insertion.


METHODS
Participants in an adolescent prenatal-postnatal program were enrolled in a prospective observational study of IPI insertion (IPI group, 171) vs other methods (control group, 225). Contraceptive continuation and repeat pregnancies were determined.


RESULTS
Implant continuation at 6 months was 96.9% (156/161 participants); at 12 months, the continuation rate was 86.3% (132/153 participants). At 6 months, 9.9% of the control participants were pregnant (21/213); there were no IPI pregnancies. By 12 months, 18.6% of control participants (38/204) experienced pregnancy vs 2.6% of IPI recipients (4/153; relative risk, 5.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9-12.7). Repeat pregnancy at 12 months was predicted by not receiving IPI insertion (odds ratio, 8.0; 95% CI, 2.8-23.0) and having >1 child (odds ratio, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-4.3; P = .03).


CONCLUSIONS
IPI placement in adolescents has excellent continuation 1 year after delivery; rapid repeat pregnancy is significantly decreased compared with control participants.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA. kristina.tocce@ucdenver.edu
Kristina M
KM
Tocce
Jeanelle L
JL
Sheeder
Stephanie B
SB
Teal
D000293:Adolescent; D003267:Contraception / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017135:Desogestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D004343:Drug Implants; C044815:etonogestrel; D017135:Desogestrel