Water-soluble rice bran enzymatic extract attenuates dyslipidemia, hypertension and insulin resistance in obese Zucker rats.
OBJECTIVE
Rice bran enzymatic extract (RBEE) has advantages compared to the original rice bran or its oils including water solubility, lack of rancidity and increased content in high nutritional proteins and nutraceutical compounds, particularly phytosterols, γ-oryzanol and tocols. Our aim was to determine the beneficial effects of RBEE in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome in obese Zucker rats.


METHODS
Obese Zucker rats and their lean littermates were fed a 1 and 5 % RBEE-supplemented diet (O1, O5, L1 and L5). Simultaneously, obese and lean Zucker rats, fed a standard diet, were used as controls (OC and LC, respectively). Body weight, food and water intake, and systolic blood pressure were weekly evaluated. After treatment, biochemical assays of serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), adiponectin and nitrates (NO((x))) were determined.


RESULTS
RBEE treatment reduced circulating levels of TG and TC, whereas increased HDL-cholesterol without altering NEFA values in obese rats. The extract also induced a significant dose-dependent reduction of hypertension linked to obesity. RBEE of 5 % improved insulin resistance and subsequently reduced HOMA-IR index without altering serum glucose levels. Obese animals treated with RBEE showed partial restoration of adiponectin levels and a significant attenuation of pro-inflammatory values of NO((x)).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings evidence the nutraceutical properties of RBEE against the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome by attenuating dyslipidemia, hypertension and insulin resistance as well as by restoring hypoadiponectinemia associated to obesity.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
Maria L
ML
Justo
Rosalia
R
Rodriguez-Rodriguez
Carmen M
CM
Claro
Maria
M
Alvarez de Sotomayor
Juan
J
Parrado
Maria D
MD
Herrera
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D010666:Phenylpropionates / Q000032:analysis; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D009566:Nitrates; D010666:Phenylpropionates; D010840:Phytosterols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D014867:Water; D002784:Cholesterol; C013172:gamma-oryzanol