MicroRNAs in diabetes and diabetes-associated complications.
Diabetes mellitus due to its high prevalence and associated complications is a major socioeconomic health problem. Diabetes is characterized by multiple macro- and microvascular complications (e.g. diabetic nephropathy, cardiomyopathy, neuropathy, retinopathy). Research efforts aim to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to the disease process. MicroRNAs are endogenous small single stranded molecules regulating targets through mRNA cleavage or translational inhibition. MicroRNAs regulate many biological cellular functions and are often deregulated during diseases. The aim of the present article is to summarize the current knowledge of the impact of microRNAs on the development of diabetes and its associated complications including endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell dysfunction, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, regulation of pancreatic beta cell function as well as skeletal muscle and hepatic involvement.
Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Carl-Neuberg Str 1, Hannover 30625, Germany.
Johan
J
Lorenzen
Regalla
R
Kumarswamy
Seema
S
Dangwal
Thomas
T
Thum
D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D034622:RNA Interference
D035683:MicroRNAs