Profiles of dental caries and periodontal disease in individuals with or without psoriasis.
BACKGROUND
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is manifested on the skin. Studies of oral health in psoriasis patients are limited. The aim of this study is to assess the experience and risk of caries and periodontal disease in individuals with and without psoriasis.


METHODS
The material consisted of 89 individuals with mild-to-moderate chronic plaque psoriasis and 54 without psoriasis, recruited at the University Hospital in Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Psoriatic arthritis (PsoA) was diagnosed in 25 of the individuals with psoriasis. All participants answered questionnaires and were subjected to saliva sampling and oral radiologic and clinical examinations. Two computer applications were used for illustration of oral disease risk profiles.


RESULTS
Individuals with psoriasis had lower salivary pH, fewer remaining teeth, fewer sites with probing depth ≤4 mm, and a lower radiographic alveolar bone level than individuals without psoriasis (P <0.05). Most of the differences remained significant after controlling for confounders. Differences in alveolar bone levels were no longer significant, particularly after introducing the confounder sex into the regression model. Similar numbers of decayed and filled teeth, sites with deep pockets, sites that bled on probing, and risk profiles were observed. Individuals with PsoA exhibited a lower stimulated salivary secretion rate than those without psoriasis (P <0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
There were no differences in profiles of caries and periodontal disease experience and risk between individuals with and without psoriasis. Fewer remaining teeth were observed in individuals with psoriasis. However, the exact reason for tooth loss could not be identified. Meanwhile, the reduced salivary pH in individuals with psoriasis and salivary secretion in individuals with PsoA may pose some risk for future caries.
Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. hani.fadel@yahoo.com
Hani T
HT
Fadel
Ingela
I
Flytström
Ann-Marie
AM
Calander
Ing-Marie
IM
Bergbrant
Lars
L
Heijl
Dowen
D
Birkhed
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000150:complications*