The involvement of O-antigen polysaccharide in lipopolysaccharide in macrophage activation.
Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is generally considered to be an endotoxin, is the major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. The structure of LPS consists of three regions; lipid A, core oligosaccharide and O-antigen polysaccharide (O-PS). The structures of lipid A and core oligosaccharide are highly conserved among bacterial genera, but that of O-PS varies and differs in common bacterial species. Although studies of the biological activities of LPS have mainly focused on the lipid A moiety, a recent study gradually clarified the importance of O-PS to elicit the biological activities. In this review, we summarize previous studies on the correlation between the structure of O-PS and the biological activity of LPS, and discuss the possibility of innovative drug development using modified and synthetic LPS.
Kagawa University Faculty of Agriculture, Kita-gun, Kagawa, Japan.
Misato
M
Shimada
Takeshi
T
Kadowaki
Yoshie
Y
Taniguchi
Hiroyuki
H
Inagawa
Kathuichiro
K
Okazaki
Gen-Ichiro
G
Soma
D006801:Humans; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D019081:O Antigens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*
D019081:O Antigens