Dietary polyamine intake and risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps.
BACKGROUND
Putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are the polyamines required for human cell growth. The inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which is the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis, decreases tumor growth and the development of colorectal adenomas. A database was developed to estimate dietary polyamine exposure and relate exposure to health outcomes.


OBJECTIVE
We hypothesized that high polyamine intake would increase risk of colorectal adenoma and that the allelic variation at ODC G>A +316 would modify the association.


METHODS
Polyamine exposure was estimated in subjects pooled (n = 1164) from the control arms of 2 randomized trials for colorectal adenoma prevention [Wheat Bran Fiber low-fiber diet arm (n = 585) and Ursodeoxycholic Acid placebo arm (n = 579)] by using baseline food-frequency questionnaire data. All subjects had to have a diagnosis of colorectal adenoma to be eligible for the trial.


RESULTS
A dietary intake of polyamines above the median amount in the study population was associated with 39% increased risk of colorectal adenoma at follow-up (adjusted OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.83) in the pooled sample. In addition, younger participants (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.23, 3.08), women (OR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.48, 4.00), and ODC GG genotype carriers (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.53) had significantly increased odds of colorectal adenoma if they consumed above-median polyamine amounts.


CONCLUSIONS
This study showed a role for dietary polyamines in colorectal adenoma risk. Corroboration of these findings would confirm a previously unrecognized, modifiable dietary risk factor for colorectal adenoma.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. ashleyv@e-mail.arizona.edu
Ashley J
AJ
Vargas
Betsy C
BC
Wertheim
Eugene W
EW
Gerner
Cynthia A
CA
Thomson
Cheryl L
CL
Rock
Patricia A
PA
Thompson
D018256:Adenomatous Polyps / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D000367:Age Factors; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D054647:Nutrigenomics / Q000379:methods; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D011073:Polyamines; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase