Antenatal dexamethasone has no adverse effects on child physical and cognitive development: a long-term cohort follow-up investigation.
OBJECTIVE
Antenatal corticosteroids are extensively given in pregnancies with threatened preterm labour as a prophylactic method to reduce some kinds of neonatal diseases. Dexamethasone is one kind of commonly used corticosteroid, but controversies still remain whether it leads to adverse effects on neonatal long-term development or not. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of prenatal exposure to one or two dosages of dexamethasone on neonatal physical and cognitive development of children at 1, 3 and 6 years of age.


METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study. The body length, head circumference and body weight were measured in every infant and child to evaluate physical development. The mental development index (MDI) and a psychomotor development index (PDI) were used to evaluate mental and cognitive development in children of ages 1 year and 3 years while verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and performance intelligence quotient (PIQ) scores were used to evaluate mental and cognitive development in children of age of 6 years. There were 1554 infants at 1 year, 1328 children at 3 years and 1297 preschool children at 6 years followed.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences between antenatal dexamethasone exposure groups and antenatal dexamethasone non-exposure groups on physical development index and MDI, PDI, VIQ and PIQ.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this investigation suggested that one or two dosages of antenatal dexamethasone is safe for the use of inevitable preterm birth.
Department of Neonatology & NICU, Bayi Children's Hospital Affiliated with General Hospital of Beijing Military Command, Beijing, China. Liujingbj@live.cn
Jing
J
Liu
Zhi-Chun
ZC
Feng
Jian
J
Li
Qi
Q
Wang
D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003907:Dexamethasone