Spanish normative studies in young adults (NEURONORMA young adults project): norms for the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (copy and memory) and Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test.
BACKGROUND
The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) and the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) are widely used in clinical practice. The ROCF assesses visual perception, constructional praxis, and visuo-spatial memory. The FCSRT assesses verbal learning and memory.


OBJECTIVE
In this study, as part of the Spanish normative studies project in young adults (NEURONORMA young adults), we present age- and education-adjusted normative data for both tests obtained by using linear regression techniques.


METHODS
The sample consisted of 179 healthy participants ranging in age from 18 to 49 years. We provide tables for converting raw scores to scaled scores in addition to tables with scores adjusted by socio-demographic factors.


RESULTS
The results showed that education affects scores for some of the memory tests and the figure-copying task. Age was only found to have an effect on the performance of visuo-spatial memory tests, and the effect of sex was negligible.


CONCLUSIONS
The normative data obtained will be extremely useful in the clinical neuropsychological evaluation of young Spanish adults.
Grupo de Neurología de la Conducta y Demencias, Programa de Neurociencias, Instituto de Investigación Hospital del Mar, IMIM, Barcelona, España.
R
R
Palomo
M
M
Casals-Coll
G
G
Sánchez-Benavides
M
M
Quintana
R M
RM
Manero
T
T
Rognoni
L
L
Calvo
F
F
Aranciva
F
F
Tamayo
J
J
Peña-Casanova
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D013030:Spain; D014706:Verbal Learning; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult