Development of an ultra-sensitive enzyme immunoassay for human insulin autoantibodies.
OBJECTIVE
We developed an ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (ICT-EIA) for insulin autoantibody (IAA) measurements to better understand the pathophysiology of diabetes.


METHODS
We developed ICT-EIA for IAA and measured IAA in 24 patients with type 1 diabetes, 30 patients with type 2 diabetes, 30 patients with methimazole-treated Graves' disease, 20 patients with Hashimoto's disease, 9 patients with hyperinsulinemia, and 73 healthy control subjects.


RESULTS
The conventional ELISA identified 3 patients with type 1 diabetes and 2 patients with type 2 diabetes as IAA positive, whereas 15 patients with type 1 diabetes, 7 patients with type 2 diabetes, and 4 patients with methimazole-treated Graves' disease were identified as IAA positive using ICT-EIA.


CONCLUSIONS
The ICT-EIA is an ultrasensitive and specific assay for IAA, and its use may provide a better understanding of the role of IAA in diabetes onset and progression.
Department of Health Science, University of Kochi, Kochi 781-8515, Japan.
Satoshi
S
Numata
Asako
A
Umehara
Hideki
H
Katakami
Shinobu
S
Inoue
Seiichi
S
Hashida
D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D008713:Methimazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D001323:Autoantibodies; D007328:Insulin; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; D008713:Methimazole