Characterization and evaluation of sex-specific expression of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-1 and -3 in juvenile yellow perch (Perca flavescens) treated with lipopolysaccharide.
The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are a family of intracellular proteins that are centrally involved with vertebrate growth, development and immunity via their effects as negative feed-back regulators of cytokine (and hormone) signaling. The genes for SOCS-1 & -3 were cloned, sequences analyzed and expression patterns examined in the commercially-important teleost, yellow perch (Perca flavescens). The deduced (mature) proteins for yellow perch (yp)SOCS-1 and (yp)SOCS-3 consist of 211 and 205 amino acids, respectively. Functional domains such as the Src homology-2 (SH2) and SOCS-box were present in ypSOCS-1 and ypSOCS-3 and these domains were well conserved between teleost species. Sequence analysis showed that ypSOCS-1 & -3 share highest homology (among similar teleost sequences), to the stickleback (Gasterosteus aculatus) SOCS-1 & -3 protein homologs. To investigate sex-specific expression of the ypSOCS-1 and ypSOCS-3 mRNAs, juvenile male and female yellow perch were immunologically challenged with a single injection (10 μg/g bw) of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tissues (gill, head kidney, kidney, liver and spleen) were sampled over a 48-h time-course. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that ypSOCS-1 & -3 were expressed in all tissues examined and at all sampling time-points. LPS injection significantly induced ypSOCS-1 & -3 mRNA levels in gill, head kidney, liver, kidney and spleen, with maximal induction occurring at 6 h post-injection in each tissue. By 48-h post-injection, expression levels for ypSOCS-1 & -3 mRNAs approached, or reached, control levels in all tissues examined. While there were statistical interactions among variables (treatment, time and sex) for ypSOCS-1, we only found a main effect of sex on SOCS-3 mRNA expression in head kidney with higher copy numbers occurring in males than in females treated with LPS. Sexually-dimorphic expression of SOCS-1 or -3 mRNA has not been examined, or described, in a teleost. Our findings suggest the involvement of the SOCS genes in the yellow perch immune response and that differences among the sexes are evident and should be explored further.
USDA/ARS/School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, 600 E. Greenfield Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA. brian.shepherd@ars.usda.gov
Brian S
BS
Shepherd
Christopher B
CB
Rees
Fred P
FP
Binkowski
Frederick W
FW
Goetz
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010471:Perches / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins