Molecular characterization of rheumatoid arthritis with magnetic resonance imaging.
Several recent advances in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may transform the detection and monitoring of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These advances depict both anatomic and molecular alterations from RA. Previous techniques could detect specific end products of metabolism in vitro or were limited to providing anatomic information. This review focuses on the novel molecular imaging techniques of hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI, MRI with iron-labeled probes, and fusion of MRI with positron emission tomography. These new imaging approaches go beyond the anatomic description of RA and lend new information into the status of this disease by giving molecular information.
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628 , USA.
Jeffrey T
JT
Gu
Linda
L
Nguyen
Abhijit J
AJ
Chaudhari
John D
JD
MacKenzie
D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C065507:ferumoxides