Vancomycin removal during low-flux and high-flux extended daily hemodialysis in critically ill septic patients.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the extent of vancomycin removal and vancomycin pharmacokinetics in septic patients with AKI using daily hemodialysis with polysulphone high-flux and low-flux membrane.


METHODS
Five patients received 6 h daily dialysis with low-flux polysulphone membrane, four patients with high-flux polysulphone membrane. Vancomycin was administered over the last hour of dialysis. The maintenance dose was adjusted based on pre-hemodialysis serum concentrations. Patients were followed up for two days.


RESULTS
Median percentage of vancomycin removal by low-flux membrane dialysis was 17% (8-38%) and by high-flux membrane dialysis was 31% (13-43%). Vancomycin clearance was only moderately higher in high-flux membrane dialysis (median 3.01 L/h, range 2.34-3.5 L/h) compared to low-flux dialysis (median 2.48 L/h, range 0.53-5.68 L/h) in the first day of the study. About two-fold higher vancomycin clearance in high-flux dialysis (median 3.62 L/h, range 1.37-5.07 L/h) was observed on the second day of the study than low-flux dialysis (median 1.74 L/h, range 0.75-30.94 L/h).


CONCLUSIONS
Both high-flux and low-flux membrane dialysis remove considerable amounts of vancomycin in critically ill septic patients with AKI. Application of vancomycin after each dialysis was required to maintain therapeutic concentrations.
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava and University Hospital Ostrava, Czech Republic. petejova@seznam.cz
Nadezda
N
Petejova
Arnost
A
Martinek
Jana
J
Zahalkova
Jana
J
Duricova
Hana
H
Brozmanova
Karel
K
Urbanek
Milan
M
Grundmann
Ivana
I
Kacirova
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014640:Vancomycin