Phosphoric acid-etching promotes bond strength and formation of acid-base resistant zone on enamel.
This study examined the effect of phosphoric acid (PA) etching on the bond strength and acid-base resistant zone (ABRZ) formation of a two-step self-etching adhesive (SEA) system to enamel. An etch-and-rinse adhesive (EAR) system Single Bond (SB) and a two-step SEA system Clearfil SE Bond (SE) were used. Human teeth were randomly divided into four groups according to different adhesive treatments: 1) SB; 2) SE; 3) 35% PA etching→SE primer→SE adhesive (PA/SEp+a); (4) 35% PA etching→SE adhesive (PA/SEa). Microshear bond strength to enamel was measured and then statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey honestly significant difference test. The failure mode was recorded and analyzed by χ( 2 ) test. The etching pattern of the enamel surface was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The bonded interface was exposed to a demineralizing solution (pH=4.5) for 4.5 hours and then 5% sodium hypochlorite with ultrasonication for 30 minutes. After argon-ion etching, the interfacial ultrastructure was observed using SEM. The microshear bond strength to enamel of the SE group was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of the three PA-etched groups, although the latter three were not significantly different from one another. The ABRZ was detected in all the groups. In morphological observation, the ABRZ in the three PA-etched groups were obviously thicker compared with the SE group with an irregular wave-shaped edge.
VIP Dental Care Clinic, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
N
N
Li
T
T
Nikaido
S
S
Alireza
T
T
Takagaki
J-H
JH
Chen
J
J
Tagami
D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000473:pathology; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
C112828:Clearfil AP-X; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004202:Disinfectants; C488280:Metafil Flo; D008689:Methacrylates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; C115612:single bond; D014867:Water; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; C030242:phosphoric acid