Whole Leea macrophylla ethanolic extract normalizes kidney deposits and recovers renal impairments in an ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis model of rats.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the antilithiatic effect of the whole Leea macrophylla (L. macrophylla) Roxb (Leeaceae) ethanol extract in ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis model of rats.


METHODS
Forty two seven weeks old male wistar albino rats were randomly divided into two major groups namely: preventive (n=18) and therapeutic (n=24). Preventive group was further subdivided into 3 groups of 6 rats namely: preventive control (PC), preventive lithiatic control (PLC) and preventive lithiatic L. macrophylla (PLLM). Similarly, therapeutic group was also subdivided into 4 groups of 6 rats namely: therapeutic control (TC), therapeutic lithiatic control (TLC), therapeutic lithitatic L. macrophylla (TLLM) and therapeutic lithiatic cystone (TLCYS). The lithiasis was induced by 0.75% (v/v) ethylene glycol in the drinking water of all groups except the PC and TC groups. The urinary ionic parameters such as calcium, inorganic phosphate, oxalate, magnesium & creatinine and renal morphology were altered by ethylene glycol, which were partially recovered by 14 d preventive and almost fully recovered by 28 d therapeutic intervention trials with L. macrophylla extract (500 mg/kg BW daily).


RESULTS
Significant difference on recovery was observed between preventive and therapeutic interventional trials. Anti-urolithiatic effect of cystone was significantly (P<0.001) higher than extracts. L. macrophylla extract was found nontoxic in the acute toxicity test.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study demonstrated very promising anti-urolithiatic effect of L. macrophylla extract with preventive and therapeutic treatments in this experimental condition.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh.
Abu Nasim
AN
Nizami
Md Atiar
MA
Rahman
Nazim Uddin
NU
Ahmed
Md Shahidul
MS
Islam
D000818:Animals; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000378:metabolism; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D019855:Ethylene Glycol / Q000633:toxicity; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000652:urine; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000652:urine; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D000431:Ethanol; C020243:calcium phosphate; D003404:Creatinine; D019855:Ethylene Glycol; D008274:Magnesium