Depressive symptoms in addition to visual impairment, reduced strength and poor balance predict falls in older Taiwanese people.
OBJECTIVE
to determine whether depression is an important and independent predictor of falls in community-dwelling older people living in Taiwan.


METHODS
longitudinal study.


METHODS
five randomly selected villages from Tainan city, Taiwan.


METHODS
in total, 280 community-dwelling people not taking anti-depressant medication aged 65-91 years (mean age 74.9). Participants completed the Geriatric Depression Scale and underwent a range of sensorimotor, balance and mobility tasks and were then followed up for 2 years with monthly telephone calls to determine falls incidence.


RESULTS
of the 260 participants with complete follow-up data, 174 (66.9%) experienced no falls, 51 (19.6%) fell once and 35 (13.5%) fell two or more times. Depressive symptoms were significantly more prevalent in recurrent fallers (40.0%) and once-only fallers (27.5%) compared with non-fallers (16.1%). Negative binomial regression analysis identified depression, poor depth perception, reduced lower limb strength and increased sway as independent and significant predictors of falls.


CONCLUSIONS
depressive symptoms were found to be common in older Taiwanese people and associated with an increased fall risk. These findings suggest that in addition to implementing approaches to maximise vision, strength and balance, fall prevention strategies should also include interventions to assess and treat depression.
Falls and Balance Research Group,  Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales,  Australia.
Marcella Mun-San
MM
Kwan
Sang-I
SI
Lin
Jacqueline C T
JC
Close
Stephen R
SR
Lord
D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology