Heat shock protein 70: roles in multiple sclerosis.
Heat shock proteins (HSP) have long been considered intracellular chaperones that possess housekeeping and cytoprotective functions. Consequently, HSP overexpression was proposed as a potential therapy for neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the accumulation or aggregation of abnormal proteins. Recently, the discovery that cells release HSP with the capacity to trigger proinflammatory as well as immunoregulatory responses has focused attention on investigating the role of HSP in chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). To date, the most relevant HSP is the inducible Hsp70, which exhibits both cytoprotectant and immunoregulatory functions. Several studies have presented contradictory evidence concerning the involvement of Hsp70 in MS or experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the MS animal model. In this review, we dissect the functions of Hsp70 and discuss the controversial data concerning the role of Hsp70 in MS and EAE.
Unitat de Neuroimmunologia Clínica, Centre d'Esclerosi Múltiple de Catalunya, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
María José
MJ
Mansilla
Xavier
X
Montalban
Carmen
C
Espejo
D000818:Animals; D019610:Cytoprotection; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation; D008954:Models, Biological; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins