Protein kinase Cα protects against multidrug resistance in human colon cancer cells.
Multidrug resistance is the phenomenon by which, after exposure to a single chemotherapeutic agent, cancer cells evade the agent's cytotoxic effects as well as become resistant to several classes of diverse drugs. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a family of transporter proteins that contribute to drug resistance via a n ATP - dependent drug efflux pump. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a prominent ABC superfamily protein encoded by the mdr gene which has the ability to mediate the cellular extrusion of xenobiotics and anticancer drugs from tumor cells. Exclusively expressed P-gp cells from the human colon cancer HCT15/DOX line showed resistance to doxorubicin while parental HCT15 cells treated with doxorubicin displayed typical signs of apoptosis. In order to verify the hypothesis that expression of MDR is controlled in part, by protein kinase C (PKC), expression patterns of different PKC isoforms were examined in both cell lines. Of the PKC isoforms evaluated, the membrane translocation and expression levels of PKCα were strikingly increased in HCT15/DOX cells. PKCα reversed doxorubicin-induced apoptosis through the scavenging of ROS as well as inhibition of PARP cleavage. In addition, inhibition of PKCα with Go6976, a specific inhibitor of classical PKC, led to reduced MDR expression and increased doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Knockdown of PKCα by siRNA diminished the protective effects of PKCα for doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. These results suggested that over-expression and activity of PKCα is closely associated with the regulation of the MDR phenotype in human colon cancer HCT15 cells and provided insight into a new strategy for inhibiting doxorubicin resistance in human cancers.
School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.
Se-Kyoung
SK
Lee
Adeeb
A
Shehzad
Jae-Chang
JC
Jung
Jong-Kyung
JK
Sonn
Jae-Tae
JT
Lee
Jeen-Woo
JW
Park
Young-Sup
YS
Lee
D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D002227:Carbazoles; D007527:Isoenzymes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C081021:Go 6976; D004317:Doxorubicin; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha