PPP2R2C as a candidate gene of a temperament and character trait-based endophenotype of ADHD.
There are several lines of evidence that the 4p16 region is a candidate locus of both attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and bipolar disorder. None of the harbored candidate genes of this region were hitherto shown to be associated with ADHD despite promising functionality. One of the most promising candidate genes in this region is protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, gamma (PPP2R2C), which, however, thus far has not been assessed for a potential association with ADHD. A total of 513 in- and outpatients affected with adult ADHD and 536 controls as well as 170 nuclear families with 249 children affected with ADHD were genotyped for 35 SNPs, which tagged the promoter region, the 5' and 3' UTRs, and the exons of the PPP2R2C. Two independent samples provided evidence that the major G allele of rs16838844 increases risk toward ADHD. Allelic variations of PPP2R2C rs16838698 on the other hand might be associated with a variety of personality traits. There is evidence that allelic variation in PPP2R2C may be associated with a variety of personality traits and ADHD per se. Nevertheless, as all those conditions are comorbid, PPP2R2C might reflect a common underlying neurobiological risk factor.
Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany. Jacob_C@klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de
Christian
C
Jacob
Thuy Tran
TT
Nguyen
Lena
L
Weißflog
Martin
M
Herrmann
Stefanie
S
Liedel
Karin
K
Zamzow
Thomas
T
Jans
Tobias
T
Renner
Susanne
S
Reichert
Silke
S
Groß-Lesch
Klaus-Peter
KP
Lesch
Andreas
A
Reif
D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D002605:Character; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D058068:Endophenotypes; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013694:Temperament / Q000502:physiology*
C517192:PPP2R2C protein, human; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2