Globular adiponectin activates motility and regenerative traits of muscle satellite cells.
Regeneration of adult injured skeletal muscle is due to activation of satellite cells, a population of stem cells resident beneath the basal lamina. Thus, information on soluble factors affecting satellite cell activation, as well as migration towards injury and fusion into new myofibers are essential. Here, we show that globular adiponectin (gAd), positively affects several features of muscle satellite cells. gAd activates satellite cells to exit quiescence and increases their recruitment towards myotubes. gAd elicits in satellite cells a specific motility program, involving activation of the small GTPase Rac1, as well as expression of Snail and Twist transcription factors driving a proteolytic motility, useful to reach the site of injury. We show that satellite cells produce autocrine full length adiponectin (fAd), which is converted to gAd by activated macrophages. In turns, gAd concurs to attract to the site of injury both satellite cells and macrophages and induces myogenesis in muscle satellite cells. Thus, these findings add a further role for gAd in skeletal muscle, including the hormone among factors participating in muscle regeneration.
Department of Biochemical Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Tania
T
Fiaschi
Elisa
E
Giannoni
Maria Letizia
ML
Taddei
Paola
P
Chiarugi
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
D052242:Adiponectin; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein