Combustion-derived nanoparticle exposure and household solid fuel use in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China.
Combustion-derived nanoparticles (CDNPs) have not been readably measurable until recently. We conducted a pilot study to determine CDNP levels during solid fuel burning. The aggregate surface area of CDNP (μm(2)/cm(3)) was monitored continuously in 15 Chinese homes using varying fuel types (i.e. bituminous coal, anthracite coal, wood) and stove types (i.e. portable stoves, stoves with chimneys, firepits). Information on fuel burning activities was collected and PM(2.5) levels were measured. Substantial exposure differences were observed during solid fuel burning (mean: 228.1 μm(2)/cm(3)) compared to times without combustion (mean: 14.0 μm(2)/cm(3)). The observed levels during burning were reduced by about four-fold in homes with a chimney (mean: 92.1 μm(2)/cm(3); n = 9), and effects were present for all fuel types. Each home's CDNP measurement was only moderately correlated with the respective PM(2.5) measurements (r (2) = 0.43; p = 0.11). Our results indicate that household coal and wood burning contributes to indoor nanoparticle levels, which are not fully reflected in PM(2.5) measurements.
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. hosgoodd@mail.nih.gov
H Dean
HD
Hosgood
Roel
R
Vermeulen
Hu
H
Wei
Boris
B
Reiss
Joseph
J
Coble
Fusheng
F
Wei
Xu
X
Jun
Guoping
G
Wu
Nat
N
Rothman
Qing
Q
Lan
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D003031:Coal; D003296:Cooking; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006361:Heating; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013499:Surface Properties; D014934:Wood
D000393:Air Pollutants; D003031:Coal