Medicinal chemistry of farnesoid X receptor ligands: from agonists and antagonists to modulators.
The nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has emerged as a highly promising target in preclinical development in recent years. A significant amount of research has been conducted and, although none has reached clinical use, many synthetic ligands of FXR have been described. This review outlines the available knowledge regarding the medicinal chemistry and SAR of these FXR ligands, and discusses the molecular interactions of the compounds with the FXR ligand-binding domain by interpreting the existing co-crystal structures.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strausse 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany. merk@pharmchem.uni-frankfurt.de
Daniel
D
Merk
Dieter
D
Steinhilber
Manfred
M
Schubert-Zsilavecz
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated
D008024:Ligands; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated