Reduction of dietary glycaemic load modifies the expression of microRNA potentially associated with energy balance and cancer pathways in pre-menopausal women.
Energy metabolism, insulin resistance and adiposity have been implicated in breast cancer, but dietary interventions to reduce breast cancer morbidity and mortality have had limited success. MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, non-coding RNA that participate in the control of metabolic processes through the post-transcriptional modification of RNA. We investigated the effect of a low-glycaemic load dietary intervention on miRNA expression, with subsequent bioinformatics pathway analyses to explore metabolic pathways potentially affected by the diet. Total RNA, including miRNA, was isolated from the serum of fourteen otherwise healthy pre-menopausal women with a high breast cancer risk participating in a 12-month dietary intervention designed to lower glycaemic load by at least 15% from baseline. Genome-wide miRNA expression was conducted using Illumina BeadChips. In the intervention subjects, three differentially expressed miRNA were validated by real-time (RT)-PCR, and in the twenty control participants, four top differentially expressed miRNA were evaluated to confirm a diet effect. In post-intervention v. baseline serum, twenty miRNA were found to be differentially expressed, with twelve up-regulated and eight down-regulated. These differentially expressed miRNA were predicted to be potentially associated with energy balance and cancer pathways based on exploratory enrichment analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR validations in the controls confirmed that the observed miRNA differential expression was dietary intervention induced. Manipulation of dietary glycaemic load has the potential to modify the expression of multiple miRNA predicted to be involved in energy balance and cancer pathways. Further research is necessary to confirm the role of these miRNA in the control of energy metabolism and relationships with cancer-related processes.
Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Susan E
SE
McCann
Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Song
S
Liu
Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Dan
D
Wang
Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Jie
J
Shen
Department of Biostatistics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Qiang
Q
Hu
Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Chi-Chen
CC
Hong
Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Vicky A
VA
Newman
Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
Hua
H
Zhao
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004032:Diet; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017697:Premenopause; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation
D001786:Blood Glucose; D035683:MicroRNAs