SOX11 is useful in differentiating cyclin D1-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from mantle cell lymphoma.
OBJECTIVE
To characterize the frequency and clinicopathological features of cyclin D1-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and the usefulness of SOX11 in the differential diagnosis from mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).


RESULTS
We retrospectively stained 206 consecutive DLBCLs for cyclin D1, and identified three (1.5%) positive cases, comprising two in the elderly with necrosis, and a third with a starry-sky pattern. All three cases shared the same non-germinal centre B-cell (non-GCB) phenotype [CD5-/CD10-/bcl-6+/MUM1+/SOX11-], Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) negativity, and absence of CCND1 aberrations by fluorescence in-situ hybridization. The third case showed both BCL6 and MYC rearrangements: a double-hit lymphoma. In the same period there were 22 MCLs, all expressing cyclin D1, with 89% cases expressing SOX11, a frequency that is statistically different from cyclin D1-positive DLBCL. Notably, we identified a pleomorphic MCL initially misdiagnosed as DLBCL. A separate cohort of 98 DLBCL cases was negative for SOX11, with only one case expressing cyclin D1 with a GCB phenotype (CD10+/bcl-6+/MUM1-). The two patients with tumour necrosis rapidly died of disease. The other two were in complete remission after immunochemotherapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Cyclin D1-positive DLBCLs are rare, and they are negative for SOX11 or CCND1 aberration. SOX11 is useful in differentiating cyclin D1-positive DLBCL from MCL.
Department of Hemato-Oncology, St Martin de Porres Hospital, Chia-Yi, TaiwanDepartment of Pathology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainDepartment of Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, University College London, LondonMolecular Malignancy Laboratory and Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UKDepartment of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Centre, TainanDepartment of Pathology, St Martin de Porres Hospital, Chia-YiDepartment of Pathology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Shih-Chuan
SC
Hsiao
Inmaculada Ribera
IR
Cortada
Luis
L
Colomo
Hongtao
H
Ye
Hongxiang
H
Liu
Szu-Yin
SY
Kuo
Shu-Hui
SH
Lin
Sheng-Tsung
ST
Chang
Ted U
TU
Kuo
Elias
E
Campo
Shih-Sung
SS
Chuang
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D020522:Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055751:SOXC Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C530104:CCND1 protein, human; C097473:SOX11 protein, human; D055751:SOXC Transcription Factors; D019938:Cyclin D1