Enhancing the efficacy of treatment for temporomandibular patients with muscular diagnosis through cognitive-behavioral intervention, including hypnosis: a randomized study.
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), including hypnosis, in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) with muscular diagnosis.


METHODS
Seventy-two patients (65 women and 7 men with an average age of 39 years) were selected according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD, and assigned to the experimental group (n = 41), receiving the 6-session CBT program, and the control group (n = 31). All patients received conservative standard treatment for TMD. The assessment included pain variables and psychologic distress.


RESULTS
There were significant differences between the groups, the experimental group showing a higher improvement in the variables evaluated. Specifically, 90% of the patients under CBT reported a significant reduction in frequency of pain and 70% in emotional distress. The improvement was stable over time, with no significant differences between posttreatment and 9-month follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
CBT, including hypnosis, significantly improved conservative standard treatment outcome in TMD patients.
Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychologic Treatments, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. teresa.ferrando@uv.es
Maite
M
Ferrando
María José
MJ
Galdón
Estrella
E
Durá
Yolanda
Y
Andreu
Yolanda
Y
Jiménez
Rafael
R
Poveda
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013706:Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult