ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation does not influence body composition, insulin resistance, and lipemia in women with type 2 diabetes and obesity.
To evaluate the influence of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplementation on body composition, insulin resistance, and lipemia of women with type 2 diabetes, the authors evaluated 41 women (60.64 ± 7.82 years) with high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus in a randomized and single-blind longitudinal intervention study. The women were divided into 3 groups: GA (2.5 g/d fish oil), GB (1.5 g/d fish oil), and GC (control). The capsules with the supplement contained 21.9% of eicosapentaenoic acid and 14.1% of docosapentaenoic acid. Biochemical (glucose, glycated hemoglobin, total and fractional cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin) and anthropometric (body mass, stature, waist circumference [WC], and body composition) evaluations were performed before and after the 30 days of intervention. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index were used to evaluate the insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity (IS), respectively. GB presented a greater loss of body mass and WC (P < .05), greater frequency of glycemic and total cholesterol reduction, and an increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with GA. Thus, a high dose of ω-3 PUFA can reduce IS. A lower dose of ω-3 PUFA positively influenced body composition and lipid metabolism.
Instituto de Nutricao Josue de Castro–Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Izabella Candido Carvalho
IC
Crochemore
Aline F P
AF
Souza
Andressa C F
AC
de Souza
Eliane Lopes
EL
Rosado
D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; C026219:docosapentaenoic acid