Locally Delivered 0.5% Azithromycin as an Adjunct to Non-Surgical Treatment in Patients With Chronic Periodontitis With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Several epidemiologic studies have identified a greater incidence of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Recent developments suggest that local delivery of antimicrobials into periodontal pockets improve periodontal health. The present study is designed to investigate the adjunctive effects of subgingivally delivered azithromycin (AZM; 0.5% concentration) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for treating chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes.



A total of 63 patients were categorized into two treatment groups: 1) group 1: SRP + placebo gel and 2) group 2: SRP + 0.5% AZM. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and 3, 6, and 9 months; they included modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL).



Both therapies resulted in significant improvements. Using a patient-based analysis, patients in group 2 treated with SRP + 0.5% AZM showed enhanced reductions in PI, GI, mSBI, and PD and gains in CAL (P <0.05) over 9 months compared with group 1.



Although both treatment strategies seem to benefit the patients, the adjunctive use of 0.5% AZM as a controlled drug delivery system enhances the clinical outcome.
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Esha
E
Agarwal
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Pavan
P
Bajaj
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute.
Savitha B
SB
Naik
Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
A R
AR
Pradeep
D058956:Administration, Mucosal; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005888:Gingival Pocket / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016745:Root Planing / Q000379:methods
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017963:Azithromycin