Kolaviron biflavanoids of Garcinia kola seeds protect atrazine-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultures of rat Leydig cells.
We sought to explore the mechanism by which kolaviron (Kol) protects against atrazine (ATZ)-induced toxicity of cultured interstitial Leydig cells (ILCs). In our experiments, treatment with Kol improved Leydig cell viability and significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Further investigations revealed a reduction in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and elevation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2) as measured by messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Additionally, the ATZ-induced alterations in the mRNA transcript copy numbers of steroidogenesis genes: steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) were shifted toward the control values by Kol. Taken together, these findings indicate that Kol protects ILCs from ATZ-induced toxicity via the reduction in ROS and MDA levels and induce normalization of mRNA levels of all the tested genes.
Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Redeemer’s University, Redemption City, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Sunny O
SO
Abarikwu
Ebenezer O
EO
Farombi
Aditya B
AB
Pant
D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001280:Atrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029763:Garcinia kola / Q000737:chemistry*; D018628:Gene Dosage / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D000975:Antioxidants; D001280:Atrazine; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme; D005419:Flavonoids; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C044256:3 (or 17)-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; C000606292:Sod1 protein, rat; C045492:kolaviron