Human periodontal ligament cells reaction on a novel hydroxyapatite-collagen scaffold.
BACKGROUND
Periodontal tissue regeneration presents a highly promising method for restoring periodontal structures. The development of a suitable bioactive scaffold that promotes cell proliferation and differentiation is critical in periodontal tissue engineering. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a novel 3-dimensional hydroxyapatite-collagen scaffold with human periodontal ligament (hPDL) cell culture.


METHODS
The scaffold was produced from a natural collagen matrix - purified porcine acellular dermal matrix (PADM), which was then treated with hydroxyapatite (HA) through a biomimetic chemical process to obtain hydroxyapatite-porcine acellular dermal matrix (HA-PADM) scaffold. The hPDL cells were cultured with HA-PADM scaffolds for 1, 3, 6, 14, and 28 days. The cell viability assay, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopy were employed in different time points to evaluate the biocompatibility of the scaffolds with hPDL cells.


RESULTS
The cell viability assay (WST-1 test) verified cell proliferation on the HA-PADM scaffolds. The SEM study showed unique morphology of hPDL cells, which attach and spread on the surface of the scaffolds. The H&E staining, immunohistochemistry, and confocal microscopy demonstrated that hPDL cells were able to grow into the HA-PADM scaffolds and maintain viability after prolonged culture.


CONCLUSIONS
This study proved that HA-PADM scaffold is -biocompatible for hPDL cells. The cells were able to proliferate and migrate into the scaffold. These observations suggest that HA-PADM is a potential cell carrier for periodontal tissue regeneration.
Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
Jing
J
Guo
Ying
Y
Wang
Chengbo
C
Cao
Rosemary
R
Dziak
Brian
B
Preston
Guoqiang
G
Guan
D062088:Acellular Dermis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite