Enabling overweight children to improve their food and exercise habits--school nurses' counselling in multilingual settings.
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed at analysing school nurses' counselling of overweight and obese children in settings with many immigrants, focusing on content concerning food and physical activity and how this was communicated.


BACKGROUND
For people with a predisposition for overweight, the weight control process requires cognitive skills. School nurses' counselling of overweight children has the potential to support this process by enabling personal resources in the children and their families. However, there is uncertainty among nurses about how to conduct supportive counselling.


METHODS
An explorative design was used when collecting and analysing data.


METHODS
Twenty-two counselling sessions between eight school nurses and 20 overweight children were audio-recorded and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Most of the participating schools represented areas with low socioeconomic status and a high proportion of immigrants and refugees.


RESULTS
Less adequate skills in enabling resources in the children and their parents were observed. Concurrently, school nurses provided inadequate explanations about food and physical activity. Topics related to general nutrition models were frequently communicated as general advice instead of individually tailored counselling. Counselling families with other languages and food cultures than the traditional Swedish created additional difficulties.


CONCLUSIONS
Improved nutritional knowledge for nurses may enhance their skills in enabling children's and families' resources. School nurses should be provided with opportunities to cooperate with other professions in counteracting overweight.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings demonstrate a relationship between content skills and person-centeredness in the counselling. This highlights the importance of inter-professional collaboration to ensure a high quality of lifestyle counselling. School health authorities should give high priority to facilitating school nurses' evidence-based continuing education.
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Public Health Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. maria.magnusson@allmed.gu.se
Maria B
MB
Magnusson
Karin I
KI
Kjellgren
Anna
A
Winkvist
D002648:Child; D003376:Counseling; D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D050177:Overweight / Q000523:psychology*; D012573:School Nursing; D020377:Self Efficacy; D000078329:Workforce