Neuroradiology can predict the development of hand function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy.
BACKGROUND
Much variation is found in the development of hand function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).


OBJECTIVE
. To explore how anatomic brain abnormalities can be used to predict the development of hand function.


METHODS
A total of 32 children with unilateral CP (16 boys and 16 girls) were evaluated at least once a year by the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA). The data collection covered an age range from 18 months to 8 years (mean time in study, 4 years and 6 months). Computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were assessed for patterns of brain damage, including the location of gray and extent of white-matter damage. The children were divided into groups according to lesion characteristics, and a series of univariate models were analyzed with a nonlinear mixed-effects model. The rate and maximum limit of development were calculated.


RESULTS
The highest predictive power of better development of hand function was the absence of a concurrent lesion to the basal ganglia and thalamus, independent of the basic type of brain lesion. This model predicted both the rate of increasing ability and hand function at age 8 years. Hand function was also predicted by the basic pattern of damage and by the extent of white-matter damage. The presence of unilateral or bilateral damage had no predictive value.


CONCLUSIONS
Neuroradiological findings can be used to make a crude prediction of the future development of the use of the affected hand in young children with unilateral CP.
School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. marie.holmefur@oru.se
Marie
M
Holmefur
Annika
A
Kits
Jakob
J
Bergström
Lena
L
Krumlinde-Sundholm
Olof
O
Flodmark
Hans
H
Forssberg
Ann-Christin
AC
Eliasson
D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*