Assessment of drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction via altered cellular respiration and acidification measured in a 96-well platform.
High-throughput applicable screens for identifying drug-induced mitochondrial impairment are necessary in the pharmaceutical industry. Hence, we evaluated the XF96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer, a 96-well platform that measures changes in the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) of cells. The sensitivity of the platform was bench-marked with known modulators of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Sixteen therapeutic agents were screened in HepG2 cells for mitochondrial effects. Four of these compounds, thiazolidinediones, were also tested in primary feline cardiomyocytes for cell-type specific effects. We show that the XF96 platform is a robust, sensitive system for analyzing drug-induced mitochondrial impairment in whole cells. We identified changes in cellular respiration and acidification upon addition of therapeutic agents reported to have a mitochondrial effect. Furthermore, we show that respiration and acidification changes upon addition of the thiazoldinediones were cell-type specific, with the rank order of mitochondrial impairment in whole cells being in accord with the known adverse effects of these drugs.
Compound Safety Prediction, Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Inc, Groton, CT 06340, USA. sashi.nadanaciva@pfizer.com
Sashi
S
Nadanaciva
Payal
P
Rana
Gyda C
GC
Beeson
Denise
D
Chen
David A
DA
Ferrick
Craig C
CC
Beeson
Yvonne
Y
Will
D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*
D045162:Thiazolidinediones