Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) let lesser rewards pass them by to get better rewards.
Self-control is defined as foregoing an immediate reward to gain a larger delayed reward. Methods used to test self-control comparatively include inter-temporal choice tasks, delay of gratification tasks, and accumulation tasks. To date, capuchin monkeys have shown different levels of self-control across tasks. This study introduced a new task that could be used comparatively to measure self-control in an intuitive context that involved responses that required no explicit training. Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) were given a choice between two food items that were presented on a mechanized, revolving tray that moved those foods sequentially toward the monkeys. A monkey could grab the first item or wait for the second, but was only allowed one item. Most monkeys in the study waited for a more highly preferred food item or a larger amount of the same food item when those came later, and they inhibited the prepotent response to grab food by not reaching out to take less-preferred foods or smaller amounts of food that passed directly in front of them first. These data confirm that the mechanisms necessary for self-control are present in capuchin monkeys and indicate that the methodology can be useful for broader comparative assessments of self-control.
Language Research Center, Georgia State University, University Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA. jbramlett2@gmail.com
Jessica L
JL
Bramlett
Bonnie M
BM
Perdue
Theodore A
TA
Evans
Michael J
MJ
Beran
D000818:Animals; D002428:Cebus / Q000523:psychology*; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D012201:Reward; D013997:Time Factors