Rodent-borne hemorrhagic fevers: under-recognized, widely spread and preventable - epidemiology, diagnostics and treatment.
This review presents an overview of the most important rodent-borne hemorrhagic fever pathogens directly transmitted from rodents to humans, namely Leptospira and hantaviruses, together with the New- and Old-World arenaviruses. These zoonotic diseases frequently share clinical symptoms, transmission routes and other epidemiological features and often have an emerging pattern. Differential diagnostics could benefit from a syndrome-based approach grouping these pathogens. In this review extensive descriptions of the epidemiology, clinical symptoms, diagnostics and treatment are provided including a practical overview, listing clinical features, diagnostics and risk factors for each selected rodent-borne hemorrhagic fever pathogen.
Erasmus MC, virology, Rotterdam, CJ Netherlands. marco.goeijenbier@gmail.com
Marco
M
Goeijenbier
Jiri
J
Wagenaar
Marga
M
Goris
Byron
B
Martina
Heikki
H
Henttonen
Antti
A
Vaheri
Chantal
C
Reusken
Rudy
R
Hartskeerl
Albert
A
Osterhaus
Eric
E
Van Gorp
D000818:Animals; D006482:Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology