Emerging implications of nonmammalian cytosine deaminases on cancer therapeutics.
Nonmammalian cytosine deaminases (CDs) have been investigated for last 30 years in the context of cancer therapy. The therapeutic effect of CD is based on its ability to catalyze the conversion of nontoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) into the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5FU) by deamination of the number 4 carbon of 5FC. This deamination property of CD has been explored to develop innovative therapeutic approach for treatment of cancer. A general overview is needed for the identification of efficient cytosine deaminases for potential use in cancer therapy. In this review, we have discussed about nonmammalian CDs for a variety of prodrug gene/enzyme therapy applications with several recent examples. Finally, we have provided a prospective on the future aspects of CDs and their applications in cancer therapy.
Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-39, Assam, India.
Vinod Kumar
VK
Yata
P
P
Gopinath
Siddhartha Sankar
SS
Ghosh
D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004795:Enzyme Stability / Q000187:drug effects; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
D005437:Flucytosine; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase