Yeast ATP-binding cassette transporters conferring multidrug resistance.
Overexpression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is often responsible for the failure of chemotherapy as a treatment for human tumors. The presence of proteins homologous to P-gp in organisms ranging from prokaryotes to eukaryotes indicates that drug export is a general mechanism of multidrug resistance. Yeasts are no exception. They have developed a large subfamily of ABC exporters involved in pleiotropic drug resistance (PDR) and in the cellular efflux of a wide variety of drugs. The PDR transporters Pdr5p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cdr1p of Candida albicans are important members of this PDR subfamily, which comprises up to 10 phylogenetic clusters in fungi. Here, we review current achievements concerning the structure, molecular mechanism, and physiological functions of yeast Pdr transporters.
School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. rp47@mail.jnu.ac.in
Rajendra
R
Prasad
Andre
A
Goffeau
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D026141:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000935:Antifungal Agents; C094693:CDR1 protein, Candida albicans; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C092438:PDR5 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins