Hepcidin demonstrates a biphasic association with anemia in acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Hepcidin levels are high and iron absorption is limited in acute malaria. The mechanism(s) that regulate hepcidin secretion remain undefined. We have measured hepcidin concentration and cytokines in 100 Kenyan children with acute falciparum malaria and different degrees of anemia. Hepcidin was increased on admission and fell significantly one week and one month after treatment. The association of hepcidin with hemoglobin was not linear and hepcidin was very low in severe malarial anemia. Parasite density, IL-10 and IL-6 were significantly associated with hepcidin concentration. Hepcidin response to acute malaria supports the notion of iron sequestration during acute malaria infection and suggests that iron administration during acute malaria is futile. These data suggest iron supplementation policies should take into account the high hepcidin levels and probable poor utilization of iron for up to one week after treatment for the majority of patients with acute malaria.
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK. ccasals@well.ox.ac.uk
Climent
C
Casals-Pascual
Honglei
H
Huang
Samira
S
Lakhal-Littleton
Marie L
ML
Thezenas
Oscar
O
Kai
Charles R J C
CR
Newton
David J
DJ
Roberts
D000208:Acute Disease; D000740:Anemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D064451:Hepcidins; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; C578702:HAMP protein, human; D064451:Hepcidins; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007501:Iron