Investigation of X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) and K-edge imaging.
This work provides a comprehensive Monte Carlo study of X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) and K-edge imaging system, including the system design, the influence of various imaging components, the sensitivity and resolution under various conditions. We modified the widely used EGSnrc/DOSXYZnrc code to simulate XFCT images of two acrylic phantoms loaded with various concentrations of gold nanoparticles and Cisplatin for a number of XFCT geometries. In particular, reconstructed signal as a function of the width of the detector ring, its angular coverage and energy resolution were studied. We found that XFCT imaging sensitivity of the modeled systems consisting of a conventional X-ray tube and a full 2-cm-wide energy-resolving detector ring was 0.061% and 0.042% for gold nanoparticles and Cisplatin, respectively, for a dose of ∼ 10 cGy. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of XFCT images of the simulated acrylic phantoms was higher than that of transmission K-edge images for contrast concentrations below 0.4%.
Radiation Oncology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. bazalova@stanford.edu
Magdalena
M
Bazalova
Yu
Y
Kuang
Guillem
G
Pratx
Lei
L
Xing
D002945:Cisplatin / Q000737:chemistry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D059629:Signal-To-Noise Ratio; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
D006046:Gold; D002945:Cisplatin