Biowaiver monograph for immediate-release solid oral dosage forms: acetylsalicylic acid.
A biowaiver monograph for acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is presented. Literature and experimental data indicate that ASA is a highly soluble and highly permeable drug, leading to assignment of this active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) to Class I of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). Limited bioequivalence (BE) studies reported in the literature indicate that products that have been tested are bioequivalent. Most of the excipients used in products with a marketing authorization in Europe are not considered to have an impact on gastrointestinal motility or permeability. Furthermore, ASA has a wide therapeutic index. Thus, the risks to the patient that might occur if a nonbioequivalent product were to be incorrectly deemed bioequivalent according to the biowaiver procedure appear to be minimal. As a result, the BCS-based biowaiver procedure can be recommended for approval of new formulations of solid oral dosage forms containing ASA as the only API, including both multisource and reformulated products, under the following conditions: (1) excipients are chosen from those used in ASA products already registered in International Conference on Harmonization and associated countries and (2) the dissolution profiles of the test and the comparator products comply with the BE guidance.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. dressman@em.uni-frankfurt.de
Jennifer B
JB
Dressman
Anita
A
Nair
Bertil
B
Abrahamsson
Dirk M
DM
Barends
D W
DW
Groot
Sabine
S
Kopp
Peter
P
Langguth
James E
JE
Polli
Vinod P
VP
Shah
Markus
M
Zimmer
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004355:Drug Stability; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013607:Tablets; D001241:Aspirin