Chemokines involved in tumor promotion and dissemination in patients with renal cell cancer.
BACKGROUND
Chemokines play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis and have been associated with poor prognosis in diverse malignancies. The prognostic impact of chemokines for renal cell cancer (RCC) remains to be defined.


METHODS
Patients diagnosed with RCC and operated between 07/07 and 05/11 were differentially assessed for expression profiles of a series of chemokines and their receptors by RT-qPCR and Western Blot analysis (tumor and adjacent normal tissue, n=37) and by Luminex for corresponding serum expression levels. Results were statistically correlated with clinicopathologic parameters.


RESULTS
Gene expression of CCL2, CCR7, CXCL12, CXCR3, CXCR5 and CX3CL1 chemokines was significantly down-regulated in tumor compared to normal tissue. The gene profile for CCR6 was positively correlated with tumor size and stage. A positive linear correlation was found between CXCL12 and tumor stage as well as between CX3CR1 and C-reactive protein. In contrast to clear cell RCCs those of a chromophobe type showed a significantly down-regulated gene expression for CCR6, CCL20, and CXCL12. The CXCR7 serum level was significantly increased in patients with tumor-related mortality during postoperative follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Chemokines may serve as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for RCC. Studies on larger collectives are required for further assessment of potential clinical application.
Department of Urology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. igor tsaur@hotmail.com
Igor
I
Tsaur
Anika
A
Noack
Ana Maria
AM
Waaga-Gasser
Jasmina
J
Makarevic
Lars
L
Schmitt
Martin
M
Kurosch
Tanja
T
Huesch
Christoph
C
Wiesner
Steffen
S
Wedel
Georg
G
Bartsch
Hanns
H
Ackermann
Elsie
E
Oppermann
Maria
M
Lazariotou
Martin
M
Gasser
Axel
A
Haferkamp
Roman A
RA
Blaheta
D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis
D018925:Chemokines