Measuring the food environment: a systematic technique for characterizing food stores using display counts.
Marketing research has documented the influence of in-store characteristics-such as the number and placement of display stands-on consumer purchases of a product. However, little information exists on this topic for key foods of interest to those studying the influence of environmental changes on dietary behavior. This study demonstrates a method for characterizing the food environment by measuring the number of separate displays of fruits, vegetables, and energy-dense snack foods (including chips, candies, and sodas) and their proximity to cash registers in different store types. Observations in New Orleans stores (N = 172) in 2007 and 2008 revealed significantly more displays of energy-dense snacks than of fruits and vegetables within all store types, especially supermarkets. Moreover, supermarkets had an average of 20 displays of energy-dense snacks within 1 meter of their cash registers, yet none of them had even a single display of fruits or vegetables near their cash registers. Measures of the number of separate display stands of key foods and their proximity to a cash register can be used by researchers to better characterize food stores and by policymakers to address improvements to the food environment.
Healthy Communities Institute, 2054 University Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA.
Cassandra
C
Miller
J Nicholas
JN
Bodor
Donald
D
Rose
D003132:Commerce / Q000379:methods*; D004779:Environment Design / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005502:Food; D005523:Food Supply / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D040541:Marketing / Q000379:methods*; D055820:New Orleans; D014675:Vegetables