Facilitated physical activity as a treatment for depressed adults: randomised controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effectiveness of facilitated physical activity as an adjunctive treatment for adults with depression presenting in primary care.


METHODS
Pragmatic, multicentre, two arm parallel randomised controlled trial.


METHODS
General practices in Bristol and Exeter.


METHODS
361 adults aged 18-69 who had recently consulted their general practitioner with symptoms of depression. All those randomised had a diagnosis of an episode of depression as assessed by the clinical interview schedule-revised and a Beck depression inventory score of 14 or more.


METHODS
In addition to usual care, intervention participants were offered up to three face to face sessions and 10 telephone calls with a trained physical activity facilitator over eight months. The intervention was based on theory and aimed to provide individually tailored support and encouragement to engage in physical activity.


METHODS
The primary outcome was self reported symptoms of depression, assessed with the Beck depression inventory at four months post-randomisation. Secondary outcomes included use of antidepressants and physical activity at the four, eight, and 12 month follow-up points, and symptoms of depression at eight and 12 month follow-up.


RESULTS
There was no evidence that participants offered the physical activity intervention reported improvement in mood by the four month follow-up point compared with those in the usual care group; adjusted between group difference in mean Beck depression inventory score -0.54 (95% confidence interval -3.06 to 1.99; P=0.68). Similarly, there was no evidence that the intervention group reported a change in mood by the eight and 12 month follow-up points. Nor was there evidence that the intervention reduced antidepressant use compared with usual care (adjusted odds ratio 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.19 to 2.06; P=0.44) over the duration of the trial. However, participants allocated to the intervention group reported more physical activity during the follow-up period than those allocated to the usual care group (adjusted odds ratio 2.27, 95% confidence interval 1.32 to 3.89; P=0.003).


CONCLUSIONS
The addition of a facilitated physical activity intervention to usual care did not improve depression outcome or reduce use of antidepressants compared with usual care alone.


BACKGROUND
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN16900744.
School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK. melanie.chalder@bristol.ac.uk
Melanie
M
Chalder
Nicola J
NJ
Wiles
John
J
Campbell
Sandra P
SP
Hollinghurst
Anne M
AM
Haase
Adrian H
AH
Taylor
Kenneth R
KR
Fox
Ceire
C
Costelloe
Aidan
A
Searle
Helen
H
Baxter
Rachel
R
Winder
Christine
C
Wright
Katrina M
KM
Turner
Michael
M
Calnan
Deborah A
DA
Lawlor
Tim J
TJ
Peters
Deborah J
DJ
Sharp
Alan A
AA
Montgomery
Glyn
G
Lewis
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000628:therapy*; D004739:England; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000928:Antidepressive Agents