Epigenetic mechanisms in gastric cancer.
Cancer is considered one of the major health issues worldwide, and gastric cancer accounted for 8% of total cases and 10% of total deaths in 2008. Gastric cancer is considered an age-related disease, and the total number of newly diagnosed cases has been increasing as a result of the higher life expectancy. Therefore, the basic mechanisms underlying gastric tumorigenesis is worth investigation. This review provides an overview of the epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling complex and miRNA, involved in gastric cancer. As the studies in gastric cancer continue, the mapping of an epigenome code is not far for this disease. In conclusion, an epigenetic therapy might appear in the not too distant future.
Disciplina de Genética, Departamento de Morfologia e Genética, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. carolina.gigek@unifesp.br
Carolina Oliveira
CO
Gigek
Elizabeth Suchi
ES
Chen
Danielle Queiroz
DQ
Calcagno
Fernanda
F
Wisnieski
Rommel Rodriguez
RR
Burbano
Marilia Arruda Cardoso
MA
Smith
D000367:Age Factors; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D057890:Epigenomics; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000502:physiology; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology
D006657:Histones; D035683:MicroRNAs