Evaluation of antiallergic and anti-anaphylactic activity of ethanolic extract of Sanseveiria trifasciata leaves (EEST) in rodents.
OBJECTIVE
The leaves and rhizomes of Sansevieria trifasciata are used in folk medicine for treating bronchitis, asthma, cough, snake bite and insect bite etc. The ethanolic extract elicited analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. Hence, it was decided to study the antiallergic activity of ethanolic extract of S. trifasciata (EEST) on various animal models as well as in vitro conditions, and also to understand possible mechanism of action.


METHODS
Ethanolic extract of S. trifasciata leaves (EEST) were prepared by cold maceration followed by concentration and evaporation under reduced pressure on a rotary evaporator to obtain semisolid mass. The various phytoconstituents were analyzed. The acute toxicity study of EEST was carried out in mice. The antiallergic and anaphylactic activities were evaluated using animal models viz. milk induced eosinophilia and leukocytosis, compound 48/80 induced mast cell degranulation, active and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and histamine induced pedal edema. In addition, EEST effect on Shultz-Dale reaction in sensitized guinea pig ileum in ex vivo and antioxidant activity by free radical scavenging by DPPH method (in vitro) were also studied.


RESULTS
EEST treatment at 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg p.o inhibited (a) milk-induced increased eosinophilia, leukocytosis, monocytes and neutrophils. (b) Prevented passive cutaneous and active anaphylactoid reactions. (c) Prevented compound 48/80 induced degranulation of sensitized mesenteric mast cells. (d) Inhibited histamine induced pedal edema formation significantly. EEST pretreatment inhibited Shultz-Dale reaction in guinea pig ileum and also elicited potent antioxidant activity.


CONCLUSIONS
Experimental findings demonstrate promising antiallergic and anti-anaphylactic activity of EEST and also elicited potent antioxidant activity. The antiallergic and anti-anphylactic activity might be due to inhibition of release of chemical mediators from mast cells largely by phytoconstituents like steroidal saponins, triterpenoids and flavonoids present in EEST.
Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad College of Pharmacy, Pune, India.
Rohan N
RN
Andhare
Mayuresh K
MK
Raut
Suresh R
SR
Naik
D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000188:drug therapy; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006632:Histamine; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D010323:Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D031444:Sansevieria; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine
D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; D006632:Histamine