[Shamanism as medical prevention? A case study from Ladakh, Northwest-India].
Relating to a research project in the trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh, Northwest-India, the paper examines indications that the shamanic vocation and practice grew significantly in this region. The author tries to link this increase to severe psychological pressures imposed by the heavy presence of the Indian Army, political and administrative ties to the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir (with a predominantly Muslim population), and the region's status as a popular tourist destination. The paper argues that shamanic rituals performed by so-called oracles that embody deities of the Buddhist pantheon in trance (lhamo, lhapa) not only provide important services of healing and divination, they contribute significantly to medical prevention in times of growing competition and the deterioration of value systems. Turning from a local (Ladakh, the Tibetan Plateau) to a global perspective, it is further argued that the preventive function of shamanism has often been overlooked in previous ethnographic research and might be neglected by increasing efforts (also fostered by indigenous ritualists themselves) to establish and legitimize traditional ritual practices as part of modern health care systems which might eventually lead to the medicalization of traditional ceremonies--in short: "shamans do a lot more than just heal people".
Universität Ulm, Institut für Geschichte, Theorie und Ethik der Medizin, Ulm. Frank.Kressing@uni-ulm.de
Frank
F
Kressing
D002562:Ceremonial Behavior; D005260:Female; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008273:Magic / Q000266:history*; D008297:Male; D008602:Mental Healing / Q000266:history*; D011057:Politics; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000266:history*; D019423:Shamanism / Q000266:history*; D012922:Social Change