Propofol-remifentanil intravenous anesthesia and spontaneous ventilation for airway foreign body removal in children with preoperative respiratory impairment.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy and safety of propofol-remifentanil total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and spontaneous ventilation for foreign body (FB) removal in pediatric patients with preoperative respiratory impairment.


METHODS
We carried out a prospective observational clinical study of FB removal using a rigid bronchoscope under propofol-remifentanil TIVA and spontaneous ventilation in 65 pediatric patients who presented with preoperative respiratory impairment. Heart rate, blood pressure, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO(2)), respiratory rate, endtidal CO(2) (ETCO(2))(ETCO2), induction time, and remifentanil rate were recorded. Adverse events, the intervention for these events, and the duration of postoperative care were also of interest.


RESULTS
Sixty children completed the study. The mean induction time was 12.3 min. During the procedure, the maximum remifentanil rate was 0.14 μg · kg(-1) · min(-1). Light breath holding occurred in 16 (26.7%) patients. No severe breath holding or body movements were observed. An SpO(2) below 90% occurred in 10 (16.7%) cases. No progressive desaturation was observed. The mean ETCO(2) at the end of the procedures was 7.91 KPa and returned to normal 5 min after the procedure. In the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), no hypoxemia was observed and the mean recovery time was 23.4 min. No laryngospasm, pneumothorax, or arrhythmias were observed.


CONCLUSIONS
Propofol-remifentanil TIVA and spontaneous ventilation are effective and safe techniques to manage anesthesia during airway FB removal in children with preoperative respiratory impairment.
Department of Anesthesiology, The Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. zlsx@yahoo.com
Xia
X
Shen
Chun-Bo
CB
Hu
Min
M
Ye
Ying-Zi
YZ
Chen
D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003371:Cough / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D010880:Piperidines; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015742:Propofol; D000077208:Remifentanil; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*
D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D010880:Piperidines; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000077208:Remifentanil; D015742:Propofol