Phototoxic effects of fluorescent protein KillerRed on tumor cells in mice.
KillerRed is known to be a unique red fluorescent protein displaying strong phototoxic properties. Its effectiveness has been shown previously for killing bacterial and cancer cells in vitro. Here, we investigated the photototoxicity of the protein on tumor xenografts in mice. HeLa Kyoto cell line stably expressing KillerRed in mitochondria and in fusion with histone H2B was used. Irradiation of the tumors with 593 nm laser led to photobleaching of KillerRed indicating photosensitization reaction and caused significant destruction of the cells and activation of apoptosis. The portion of the dystrophically changed cells increased from 9.9% to 63.7%, and the cells with apoptosis hallmarks from 6.3% to 14%. The results of this study suggest KillerRed as a potential genetically encoded photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer.
Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, 603005 Minin Sq., 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. Shirmanovam@mail.ru
Marina V
MV
Shirmanova
Ekaterina O
EO
Serebrovskaya
Konstantin A
KA
Lukyanov
Ludmila B
LB
Snopova
Marina A
MA
Sirotkina
Natalia N
NN
Prodanetz
Marina L
ML
Bugrova
Ekaterina A
EA
Minakova
Ilya V
IV
Turchin
Vladislav A
VA
Kamensky
Sergey A
SA
Lukyanov
Elena V
EV
Zagaynova
D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D002843:Chromatin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021381:Protein Transport; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein