Dark chocolate for children's blood pressure: randomised trial.
BACKGROUND
Higher adult blood pressure, even without hypertension, predicts cardiovascular outcomes, and is predicted by childhood blood pressure. Regular dark chocolate intake lowers blood pressure in adults, but effects in children are unknown.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the feasibility of school-based provision of dark chocolate and its short-term efficacy in reducing mean group blood pressure.


METHODS
194 children (aged 10-12 years) were randomised by class to intervention (7 g dark chocolate daily for 7 weeks, n=124) or control (n=70) groups; 98% and 93% provided baseline and follow-up measurements, respectively.


RESULTS
Intervention and control students had similar systolic (mean difference 1.7 mm Hg, 95% CI -0.6 to 4.1) and diastolic (-1.2 mm Hg, 95% CI -3.6 to 1.3) blood pressure, anthropometry and well-being at outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
Results show that providing dark chocolate is feasible and acceptable in the school setting. For a definitive trial, the authors recommend a larger sample, endovascular function measures, and consideration of higher antioxidant 'dose' by virtue of duration and/or content.
Centre for Community Child Health, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Eunice K
EK
Chan
Jon
J
Quach
Fiona K
FK
Mensah
Valerie
V
Sung
Michael
M
Cheung
Melissa
M
Wake
D000886:Anthropometry; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002099:Cacao; D002182:Candy; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012572:School Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration