Probiotic effects of orally administered Lactobacillus reuteri-containing tablets on the subgingival and salivary microbiota in patients with gingivitis. A randomized clinical trial.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of an orally administered probiotic on the oral microbiota.


METHODS
A placebo-controlled, parallel study was conducted in 40 gingivitis subjects during 8 weeks. Treatment consisted on the administration of a daily tablet, either containing Lactobacillus reuteri or placebo. Unstimulated saliva and subgingival samples were collected and analysed by culture and PCR. Clinical and microbiological outcome variables were compared between and within groups.


RESULTS
There were no significant changes between and within the groups in the clinical variables. In saliva, total anaerobic counts after 4 weeks (p = 0.021) and counts of Prevotella intermedia after 8 weeks (p = 0.030), showed reductions in the test group. In subgingival samples, significant reductions in the changes baseline to 4 weeks were observed for P. gingivalis counts (p = 0.008). With PCR, L. reuteri ATCC-PTA-5289 was more frequently detected than L. reuteri DSM-17938.


CONCLUSIONS
The effect of L. reuteri administered in tablets resulted in a reduction in the number of selected periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota, without an associated clinical impact.
Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Margarita
M
Iniesta
David
D
Herrera
Eduardo
E
Montero
Milena
M
Zurbriggen
Ana R
AR
Matos
María J
MJ
Marín
Mari C
MC
Sánchez-Beltrán
Arancha
A
Llama-Palacio
Mariano
M
Sanz
D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D044883:Campylobacter rectus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002206:Capnocytophaga / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005881:Gingiva / Q000382:microbiology*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D052200:Limosilactobacillus reuteri / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010462:Peptostreptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010919:Placebos; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D013607:Tablets; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D010919:Placebos; D013607:Tablets