Prevention of weight gain following a worksite nutrition and exercise program: a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Many employers are now providing wellness programs to help employees make changes in diet and exercise behaviors. Improving health outcomes and reducing costs will depend on whether employees sustain lifestyle changes and maintain a healthy weight over time.


OBJECTIVE
To determine if a 9-month maintenance intervention immediately following a 10-week worksite exercise and nutrition program would prevent regain of the weight lost during the program.


METHODS
RCT.


METHODS
In 2008, a total of 330 employees from 24 teams completed a 10-week exercise and nutrition program at a large hospital worksite and were randomized by team to maintenance or control (usual care) for 9 months.


METHODS
Internet support with a website for goal-setting and self-monitoring of weight and exercise plus minimal personal support.


METHODS
Weight loss, percentage weight loss, time spent in physical activity, and frequency of consumption of fruits/vegetables, fatty foods, and sugary foods at 1 year compared to baseline. One-year follow-up was completed in 2010, and data were analyzed in 2011.


RESULTS
At 1 year, 238 subjects (72%) completed follow-up assessments. Mean baseline BMI was 27.6 and did not differ between intervention and control. Compared to baseline, both groups lost weight during the 10-week program and maintained 65% of weight loss at 1 year (p<0.001). There was no difference in weight loss between groups at the end of the 10-week program (4.8 lbs vs 4.3 lbs, p=0.53 for group X time interaction) or end of maintenance at 1 year (3.4 lbs vs 2.5 lbs, p=0.40 for group X time interaction). All subjects had improvements in physical activity and nutrition (increased fruits/vegetables and decreased fat and sugar intake) at 1 year but did not differ by group.


CONCLUSIONS
An intensive 10-week team-based worksite exercise and nutrition program resulted in moderate weight loss and improvements in diet and exercise behaviors at 1 year, but an Internet-based maintenance program immediately following the 10-week program did not improve these outcomes.


BACKGROUND
This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT00707577.
General Medicine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. athorndike@partners.org
Anne N
AN
Thorndike
Lillian
L
Sonnenberg
Erica
E
Healey
Khinlei
K
Myint-U
Joseph C
JC
Kvedar
Susan
S
Regan
D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000592:standards*; D050177:Overweight / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D016730:Program Development; D012307:Risk Factors; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology; D017132:Workplace