Interplay between human cytomegalovirus and intrinsic/innate host responses: a complex bidirectional relationship.
The interaction between human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and its host is a complex process that begins with viral attachment and entry into host cells, culminating in the development of a specific adaptive response that clears the acute infection but fails to eradicate HCMV. We review the viral and cellular partners that mediate early host responses to HCMV with regard to the interaction between structural components of virions (viral glycoproteins) and cellular receptors (attachment/entry receptors, toll-like receptors, and other nucleic acid sensors) or intrinsic factors (PML, hDaxx, Sp100, viperin, interferon inducible protein 16), the reactions of innate immune cells (antigen presenting cells and natural killer cells), the numerous mechanisms of viral immunoevasion, and the potential exploitation of events that are associated with early phases of virus-host interplay as a therapeutic strategy.
Section of Microbiology, Department of Hematology and Oncology "L. & A. Seragnoli", University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Giada
G
Rossini
Cristina
C
Cerboni
Angela
A
Santoni
Maria Paola
MP
Landini
Santo
S
Landolfo
Deborah
D
Gatti
Giorgio
G
Gribaudo
Stefania
S
Varani
D000818:Animals; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism