Flexible, layered biofuel cells.
Similar to conventional electrolyte batteries, biofuel cells often need to be stacked in order to boost their single cell voltage (<1 V) up to a practical level. Here, we report a laminated stack of biofuel cells that is composed of bioanode fabrics for fructose oxidation, hydrogel sheets containing electrolyte and fuel (fructose), and O(2)-diffusion biocathode fabrics. The anode and cathode fabrics were prepared by modifying fructose dehydrogenase and bilirubin oxidase, respectively, on carbon nanotubes-decorated carbon fiber fabrics. The total thickness of the single set of anode/gel/cathode sheets is just 1.1mm. The laminated triple-layer stack produces an open-circuit voltage of 2.09 V, which is a 2.8-fold increase over that of a single set cell (0.74 V). The present layered cell (5 mm × 5 mm) produces a maximum power of 0.64 mW at 1.21 V, a level that is sufficient to drive light-emitting diodes.
Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Tohoku University, 6-6-1 Aramaki Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan. miyake@biomems.mech.tohoku.ac.jp
Takeo
T
Miyake
Keigo
K
Haneda
Syuhei
S
Yoshino
Matsuhiko
M
Nishizawa
D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry*
D005632:Fructose; D010100:Oxygen