Evaluation of the antifungal activity of Zataria multiflora, Geranium herbarium, and Eucalyptus camaldolensis essential oils on Saprolegnia parasitica-infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs.
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and assess the capability of Zataria multiflora, Geranium herbarium, and Eucalyptus camaldolensis essential oils in treating Saprolegnia parasitica-infected rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss) trout eggs. A total of 150 infected eggs were collected and plated on glucose-pepton agar at 24°C for 2 weeks. The antifungal assay of essential oils against S. parasitica was determined by a macrodilution broth technique. The eggs were treated with essential oils at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 ppm daily with three repetitions until the eyed eggs stage. Of 150 eggs examined, S. parasitica (54.3%), Saprolegnia spp. (45%), and Fusarium solani (0.7%) were isolated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of Z. multiflora, E. camaldolensis, and G. herbarium essential oils against S. parasitica were 0.9, 2.3, and 4.8 ppm, respectively. Zataria multiflora and E. camaldolensis at concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 ppm, and G. herbarium at concentration of 100 ppm had significant differences in comparison with negative control (p<0.05). The results revealed that malachite green, followed by Z. multiflora, E. camaldolensis, and G. herbarium treated eggs had remained the most number of final eyed eggs after treatment. The highest final larvae rates belonged to malachite green, E. camaldolensis, Z. multiflora, and G. herbarium, respectively. The most hatching rates were recorded with malachite green (22%), and then Z. multiflora (11%), E. camaldolensis (7%), G. herbarium (3%), and negative control (1%). Zataria multiflora and E. camaldolensis were more effective than G. herbarium for the treatment of S. parasitica-infected rainbow trout eggs in aquaculture environment.
Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, Iran. Khosravi@ut.ac.ir
Ali Reza
AR
Khosravi
Hojjatollah
H
Shokri
Mostafa
M
Sharifrohani
Hosseinali Ebrahimzadeh
HE
Mousavi
Zahra
Z
Moosavi
D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005052:Eucalyptus / Q000737:chemistry; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D031315:Geranium / Q000737:chemistry; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D008825:Miconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000382:microbiology*; D010063:Ovum / Q000382:microbiology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D044762:Saprolegnia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C005095:malachite green; D008825:Miconazole