Aframomum stipulatum (Gagnep) K. Schum and Aframomum giganteum (Oliv. & Hanb) K. Schum as Aroma Tincto Oleo Crops resources: essential oil, fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, and tocotrienols composition of different fruit parts of Congo varieties.
BACKGROUND
Today, few known plant species provide both an essential oil (EO) and a vegetable oil (VO). Seed and husk of two Aframomum species were investigated and compared in terms of EO, fatty acids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols.


RESULTS
EO yield reaches 15.3 g kg(-1) in the seeds and 3.2 g kg(-1) in the husks, while VO yield is 180.0 g kg(-1) in the seeds and 25.0 g kg(-1) in the husks. β-Pinene, 1,8-cineol, α-selinene, terpine-4-ol, linalool, myrtenal and β-caryophyllene are the major compounds of seed and husk EO. Fatty acid analysis of two Aframomum species shows that oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were the major compounds of VO. Total sterol contents reached 4.3 g kg(-1) in seed VO and 8.5 g kg(-1) in husk VO. An appreciable amount of tocopherols (0.52 g kg(-1) ) was found in seed VO.


CONCLUSIONS
The seed and husk oil of A. stipulatum and A. giganteum fruits are rich sources of many bioactive constituents such as fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols and tocotrienols. These tropical wild fruits can be considered as new Aroma Tincto Oleo Crops (ATOC) resources that contain both EOs and VOs.
Université de Toulouse-UMR 1010 Chimie Agro-Industrielle, ENSIACET, INPT, INRA, 31030 Toulouse, France; Unité de Chimie du Végétal et de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences-Université Marien Ngouabi, Brazzaville, Congo.
Adolphe Christian
AC
Ngakegni-Limbili
Bachar
B
Zebib
Muriel
M
Cerny
Gouolally
G
Tsiba
Arnold Murphy
AM
Elouma Ndinga
Zéphirin
Z
Mouloungui
Isabelle
I
Fourastier
Jean-Maurille
JM
Ouamba
D003223:Congo; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013045:Species Specificity; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000032:analysis*; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000032:analysis; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics
D005227:Fatty Acids; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D013729:Terpenes; D024508:Tocotrienols; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D024505:Tocopherols