Preclinical activity of a novel CRM1 inhibitor in acute myeloid leukemia.
Chromosome maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) is a nuclear export receptor involved in the active transport of tumor suppressors (e.g., p53 and nucleophosmin) whose function is altered in cancer because of increased expression and overactive transport. Blocking CRM1-mediated nuclear export of such proteins is a novel therapeutic strategy to restore tumor suppressor function. Orally bioavailable selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINE) that irreversibly bind to CRM1 and block the function of this protein have been recently developed. Here we investigated the antileukemic activity of KPT-SINE (KPT-185 and KPT-276) in vitro and in vivo in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). KPT-185 displayed potent antiproliferative properties at submicromolar concentrations (IC50 values; 100-500 nM), induced apoptosis (average 5-fold increase), cell-cycle arrest, and myeloid differentiation in AML cell lines and patient blasts. A strong down-regulation of the oncogene FLT3 after KPT treatment in both FLT3-ITD and wild-type cell lines was observed. Finally, using the FLT3-ITD-positive MV4-11 xenograft murine model, we show that treatment of mice with oral KPT-276 (analog of KPT-185 for in vivo studies) significantly prolongs survival of leukemic mice (P < .01). In summary, KPT-SINE are highly potent in vitro and in vivo in AML. The preclinical results reported here support clinical trials of KPT-SINE in AML.
Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
Parvathi
P
Ranganathan
Xueyan
X
Yu
Caroline
C
Na
Ramasamy
R
Santhanam
Sharon
S
Shacham
Michael
M
Kauffman
Alison
A
Walker
Rebecca
R
Klisovic
William
W
Blum
Michael
M
Caligiuri
Carlo M
CM
Croce
Guido
G
Marcucci
Ramiro
R
Garzon
D000178:Acrylamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000179:Acrylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D028884:Karyopherins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008875:Middle Aged; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D055815:Young Adult; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000097606:Exportin 1 Protein
D000178:Acrylamides; D000179:Acrylates; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D028884:Karyopherins; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D013844:Thiazoles; D014230:Triazoles; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; D000097606:Exportin 1 Protein; C576639:KPT-185; C586831:KPT-276; C497970:FLT3 protein, human