Handmade cloned transgenic piglets expressing the nematode fat-1 gene.
Production of transgenic animals via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has been adapted worldwide, but this application is somewhat limited by its relatively low efficiency. In this study, we used handmade cloning (HMC) established previously to produce transgenic pigs that express the functional nematode fat-1 gene. Codon-optimized mfat-1 was inserted into eukaryotic expression vectors, which were transferred into primary swine donor cells. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), gas chromatography, and chromosome analyses were performed to select donor clones capable of converting n-6 into n-3 fatty acids. Blastocysts derived from the clones that lowered the n-6/n-3 ratio to approximately 1:1 were transferred surgically into the uteri of recipients for transgenic piglets. By HMC, 37% (n=558) of reconstructed embryos developed to the blastocyst stage after 7 days of culture in vitro, with an average cell number of 81±36 (n=14). Three recipients became pregnant after 408 day-6 blastocysts were transferred into four naturally cycling females, and a total of 14 live offspring were produced. The nematode mfat-1 effectively lowered the n-6/n-3 ratio in muscle and major organs of the transgenic pig. Our results will help to establish a reliable procedure and an efficient option in the production of transgenic animals.
State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Peng
P
Zhang
Yidi
Y
Zhang
Hongwei
H
Dou
Jingdong
J
Yin
Yu
Y
Chen
Xinzhi
X
Pang
Gabor
G
Vajta
Lars
L
Bolund
Yutao
Y
Du
Runlin Z
RZ
Ma
D050154:Adiposity / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000235:genetics; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009348:Nematoda / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics
D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; C466741:fat-1 protein, C elegans; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases