Effects of supplemental dietary arginine on the exogenous advanced glycosylation end product-induced interleukin-23/interleukin-17 immune response in rats.
OBJECTIVE
Arginine (Arg) is known to possess numerous useful physiological properties and immunomodulatory effects. Th17 cells are a unique T-helper cell lineage. Regulation of Th17 cells plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. This study investigated the effect of Arg on the exogenous advanced glycosylation end product (AGE)-induced Th17-mediated immune response.


METHODS
Rats were randomly divided into three groups. The control BSA (CB) group was fed a common diet and given a tail vein injection of non-glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA). The control AGE (CA) group was fed the common diet and injected with 2 mg AGE-BSA. Arg-AGE (AA) group was fed the Arg-supplemented diet and injected with 2 mg AGE-BSA. The experimental diets were identical in energy and nutrient distributions except for the amino acid content. Arg provided 2% of the total energy. Tail vein injections and diets were given daily. After 10 d, all rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were collected for further analysis.


RESULTS
The AA group had the highest inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase expression and plasma NO levels. The percentage of Foxp3 T-regulatory cells in the AA group was lower than those of the CA and CB groups. Transforming growth factor-β1, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-17A gene expression was higher in the AGE-administered groups. The AA group had higher TGF-β1 and IL-17A expression than did the CA group.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that in a condition of exogenous AGE administration, supplemental dietary Arg resulted in a more pronounced IL-23/IL-17 immune response, possibly by increasing NO secretion.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chiu-Li
CL
Yeh
Ya-Mei
YM
Hu
Jun-Jen
JJ
Liu
Wei-Jao
WJ
Chen
Sung-Ling
SL
Yeh
D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053759:Interleukin-23 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000378:metabolism; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism
D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C500522:Foxp3 protein, rat; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053759:Interleukin-23; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C081628:advanced glycation end products-bovine serum albumin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II