A positive psychological intervention using virtual reality for patients with advanced cancer in a hospital setting: a pilot study to assess feasibility.
OBJECTIVE
This study presents data on the feasibility and possible benefits of a psychological intervention that uses virtual reality to induce positive emotions on adult hospitalized patients with metastatic cancer. The patient's satisfaction and perceived utility was also examined.


METHODS
The sample was composed of 19 patients (53 % men, aged from 29 to 85 years old; x = 60.9; standard deviation = 14.54). The intervention consisted of four 30-min sessions during 1 week in which patients navigated through virtual environments designed to induce joy or relaxation. Mood was assessed before and after each session using the Visual Analog Scale. Patient satisfaction was assessed after each session and at the end of the intervention. Qualitative data were also collected with open-ended questions.


RESULTS
There were no major difficulties with the use of devices, and any difficulties that did arise were solved through practice. There were adequate levels of pleasantness and perceived utility of the proposed intervention. The main perceived benefits were distraction, entertainment, and promotion of relaxation states. Regarding mood changes, an increase in positive emotions and a decrease in negative emotions were also detected.


CONCLUSIONS
The intervention was positively assessed and rated as minimally uncomfortable. Future actions are discussed as well as the need to implement brief interventions that take into account the patients' medical state and physical discomfort level, especially with those in the advanced stages of disease.
Universitat de Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain. banos@uv.es
Rosa M
RM
Baños
Macarena
M
Espinoza
Azucena
A
García-Palacios
José M
JM
Cervera
Gaspar
G
Esquerdo
Enrique
E
Barrajón
Cristina
C
Botella
D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004644:Emotions; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013030:Spain; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014584:User-Computer Interface