Review of penile prosthetic reservoir: complications and presentation of a modified reservoir placement technique.
BACKGROUND
Multiple modifications have been made to the inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) since its inception in the 1970s. These modifications have made reservoir-related mechanical malfunctions highly unlikely in current IPP models. Although these complications are rare, it would be incumbent upon the implanting surgeon to be aware of these potential complications, how they present, how they are best treated, and how to prevent them from occurring.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article was to present our experience with complications associated with penile prosthesis reservoirs, perform a review of the literature regarding reservoir-related complications, and present our modified technique to place the reservoir into the space of Retzius.


METHODS
Reservoir-related complications including inguinal herniation, erosion into bladder or bowel, intraperitoneal reservoir placement with subsequent visceral injury, vascular injury, autoinflation, and infection.


METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed our experience with penile prosthesis reservoir complications or procedures requiring an alternative implantation approach at our center over the past 10 years where over 400 devices were implanted. We also review reservoir-related complications published in the English literature since the 1980s.


RESULTS
While exceedingly rare, reservoir complications do occur. Six cases from our institution are presented including one reservoir herniation, one postoperative direct inguinal hernia, one bladder laceration during revision surgery, one ectopic reservoir placement due to morbid obesity, one iliac vein compression syndrome, and one vascular laceration during reservoir revision. Reported reservoir complications include inguinal herniation, erosion into the bladder or bowel, intraperitoneal reservoir placement with subsequent injury to the ureter or bowel, vascular injury, autoinflation, and infection.


CONCLUSIONS
Penile prosthesis reservoirs rarely fail mechanically but are associated with a variety of complications or may require alternate implantation technique. In our experience, the Jorgensen scissors technique allows safe entry into the space of Retzius with diminished risk of hernia as well as vascular, bladder, or bowel injury.
Department of Urology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. drlevine@hotmail.com
Laurence A
LA
Levine
Michael P
MP
Hoeh
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019935:Penile Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D015917:Penile Prosthesis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies