Immunotherapy in miscellaneous medical disorders Graves ophthalmopathy, asthma, and regional painful syndrome.
In Graves ophthalmopathy, immunotherapy is offering an opportunity of reducing bad outcomes that lead to disfigurement and impairment of vision. These therapies are not perfect; however, we now have a chance to achieve better outcomes. In asthma, immune therapy using passive immunity targeting key proinflammatory cytokine/chemokines and medications of their effects has opened an avenue of research into a safe and durable therapy. Omalizumab appears to be safe and effective in clinical use. In regional pain syndrome, immune mechanisms may be involved in sustaining long-standing pain, and IVIG may moderate pain sensitivity by reducing immune activation.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Strelitz Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders, Eastern Virginia Medical School, 855 West Brambleton Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23510, USA.
Michael
M
Gonzales
Carmel
C
Fratianni
Chaitanya
C
Mamillapali
Romesh
R
Khardori
D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides; D020918:Complex Regional Pain Syndromes / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D000068800:Etanercept; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049970:Graves Ophthalmopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D015282:Octreotide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069444:Omalizumab; D009915:Orbit / Q000528:radiation effects; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011728:Pyridones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D000069283:Rituximab; D012643:Selenium / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000485:Allergens; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000975:Antioxidants; D001549:Benzamides; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D011728:Pyridones; D011743:Pyrimidines; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D000069444:Omalizumab; D000069283:Rituximab; D016572:Cyclosporine; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; C093844:pirfenidone; D012643:Selenium; D001379:Azathioprine; D000068800:Etanercept; D015282:Octreotide