Immunohistochemical analysis of TGF-β1 and VEGF in gingival and periodontal tissues: a role of these biomarkers in the pathogenesis of scleroderma and periodontal disease.
Periodontal disease is characterized by inflammation and bone loss. The balance between inflammatory mediators and their counter-regulatory molecules may be fundamental for determining the outcome of the immune pathology of periodontal disease. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represent a family of polypeptide proteins involved in the inflammation and regulation of immune responses, especially in rheumatic disease. The relationship between these growth factors and periodontitis has resulted in a new field of osteoimmunology and provides a context for better understanding the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the protein expression profile of these inflammatory mediators in 90 patients divided in three groups: healthy control, chronic periodontitis and in rheumatic disease, scleroderma. The findings presented here highlight that biomarkers, such as TGF-β1 and VEGF, play a key role in the evolution of the immune response, which in turn influences the outcome of disease establishment.
Department of Odontostomatology, School of Dentistry, University                     of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Giovanni
G
Matarese
Gaetano
G
Isola
Giuseppe Pio
GP
Anastasi
Angelo
A
Favaloro
Demetrio
D
Milardi
Giovanna
G
Vermiglio
Giuseppe
G
Vita
Giancarlo
G
Cordasco
Giuseppina
G
Cutroneo
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
D015415:Biomarkers; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A