Elevated local TGF-β1 level predisposes a closed bone fracture to tuberculosis infection.
Tuberculosis (TB) occurring after a closed bone fracture in the patient with no history of TB and no evidence of TB infection at the time of initial fracture is a rare entity. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a ubiquitous growth factor that is implicated in the regulation of the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival of many different cell types. Recent studies have demonstrated that the local level of TGF-β1 in bone is significantly elevated during fracture healing and TGF-β1 plays an important role in TB progression. Given the above background, we hypothesize that elevated local TGF-β1 level predisposes a closed bone fracture to TB infection. This was supported by conclusions drawn from literature reviews: (1) the local level of TGF-β1 in bone is significantly elevated during fracture healing; (2) TGF-β1 inhibits T lymphocyte activation; (3) TGF-β1 is a potent macrophage-deactivating molecule; (4) TGF-β1 suppresses the production and activity of some proinflammatory cytokines.
Department of Orthopaedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, #88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.
Hao
H
Li
Cheng-zhen
CZ
Liang
Yi-qing
YQ
Tao
Cheng-chun
CC
Shen
Qi-xin
QX
Chen
D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism
D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1