Pharmacology of myocardial calcium-handling.
Disturbed myocardial calcium (Ca(+)) handling is one of the pathophysiologic hallmarks of cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy, and certain types of tachyarrhythmias. Pharmacologic treatment of these diseases thus focuses on restoring myocardial Ca(2+) homeostasis by interacting with Ca(2+)-dependent signaling pathways. In this article, we review the currently used pharmacologic agents that are able to restore or maintain myocardial Ca(2+) homeostasis and their mechanism of action as well as emerging new substances.
Division of Rhythmology, Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, 48149 Muenster, Germany. julia.vogler@ukmuenster.de
Julia
J
Vogler
Lars
L
Eckardt
D000083:Acetanilides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004071:Digitalis Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077764:Dronedarone; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069458:Ranolazine; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*
D000083:Acetanilides; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004071:Digitalis Glycosides; D007473:Ion Channels; D010879:Piperazines; D000069458:Ranolazine; D000077764:Dronedarone; D000638:Amiodarone; D002118:Calcium