Potent anti-HIV activities and mechanisms of action of a pine cone extract from Pinus yunnanensis.
The anti-HIV activities of a pine cone extract (YNS-PY-F) from Pinus yunnanensis have been evaluated, and its mechanisms of action were also explored. The pine cone extract, YNS-PY-F, potently inhibited HIV-1(IIIB), HIV-1(RF), HIV-1(A17), HIV-1(AO18) and HIV-2(ROD) and induced cytopathic effect in C8166 cells with EC₅₀ values of 0.96 μg/mL, 1.53 μg/mL, 0.88 μg/mL, 7.20 μg/mL and 6.17 μg/mL, respectively. The quantification of a p24 production assay showed that YNS-PY-F significantly inhibited the acute replication of HIV-1(IIIB), HIV-1RF, HIV-1(A17) and HIV-1(AO18) in C8166 cells. An MTT assay showed that YNS-PY-F also significantly inhibited the HIV-1(IIIB) induced cytolysis in MT-4 cells with an EC₅₀ value of 2.22 μg/mL. The mechanism assays showed that YNS-PY-F had potent inhibitory effects on the fusion between infected cells and uninfected cells, and the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, with EC₅₀ values of 7.60 μg/mL and 4.60 μg/mL, respectively. Overall, these data suggest that the pine cone extract from Pinus yunnanensis has potent inhibitory activities against HIV-1(IIIB), HIV-1(RF), RT inhibitor-resistant strains HIV-1(A17) and HIV-1(AO18), and HIV-2(ROD), and its anti-HIV mechanisms include inhibition of HIV entry and inhibition of reverse transcriptase activity.
Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Science & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
Xuan
X
Zhang
Liu-Meng
LM
Yang
Guang-Ming
GM
Liu
Ya-Juan
YJ
Liu
Chang-Bo
CB
Zheng
Yong-Jun
YJ
Lv
Hao-Zhi
HZ
Li
Yong-Tang
YT
Zheng
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000378:metabolism; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D021381:Protein Transport; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D019427:HIV Integrase; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase