Partial androgen deficiency, depression, and testosterone supplementation in aging men.
The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge on the correlation between depressive symptoms with a syndrome called partial androgen deficiency of the aging male (PADAM) and on the potential benefits of testosterone (T) treatment on mood. Despite, the causative nature of the relationship between low T levels and depression is uncertain, many hypogonadal men suffer from depression and vice versa several depressed patients are affected by hypogonadism. Supplementation with testosterone failed to show sound evidence of effectiveness in the treatment of depression. Nevertheless, testosterone supplementation has proved to be effective on some domains significant for the quality of life of aged patients with PADAM (sexual function and cognitive functions, muscular strengths).
Department of Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Parma, Piazza Matteotti 9, 43100 Parma, Italy.
Mario
M
Amore
Marco
M
Innamorati
Sara
S
Costi
Leo
L
Sher
Paolo
P
Girardi
Maurizio
M
Pompili