Presence of hepatitis E RNA in mussels used as bio-monitors of viral marine pollution.
Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), collected from a harvesting area approved by European Community Regulation, were transplanted to four polluted sites located in the Northwestern Mediterranean area (Tuscany). They were used as bio-monitors to test the quality of the marine water pollution. At different times after the transplantation, mussels were withdrawn and tested for presence of phages and enteric viruses by molecular tests. 52.4% of the transplanted mussel samples were positive for at least one enteric virus. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) was identified in each site (17/37; 45.9%). Three samples were positive for hepatitis E virus (HEV) (8.1%) and two (5.4%) for norovirus (NoV) genogroup I. Coliphages and RYC 2056 phages were detected in all sites, while HSP 40 phages were detected in three sites. Results demonstrate the ability of transplanted mussels in accumulating and retaining different species of enteric microorganisms. Their utility as bio-monitor organisms enables testing for viral marine pollution.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. donia@med.uniroma2.it
Domenica
D
Donia
Maria Chiara
MC
Dell'Amico
Anna Rita
AR
Petrinca
Ilaria
I
Martinucci
Maurizio
M
Mazzei
Francesco
F
Tolari
Maurizio
M
Divizia
D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D003090:Coliphages / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030041:Hepatitis A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016752:Hepatitis E virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D049878:Mytilus / Q000821:virology*; D029322:Norovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012623:Seawater / Q000821:virology*; D014876:Water Pollution
D012367:RNA, Viral