Spirituality and caring in old age and the significance of religion - a hermeneutical study from Norway.
Spirituality is an important part of caring for the whole human being. However, there is lack of consensus about the concept parameter, and there is an ongoing discussion in nursing regarding the relation between religion and spirituality. Spirituality and religion is found to support health and well-being in old age, and this article portrays how older Norwegians understand religion and religious support as part of spirituality and caring. The theoretical framework in this study is Eriksson's caritative caring theory, and the research aim is to broaden the understanding of spirituality from a caring science perspective. The methodology is hermeneutical according to Gadamer. The study is based upon qualitative content analysis of 30 interviews with 17 participants above 74 years, six men and 11 women. The findings portray connectedness with a Higher power, including how Christianity has influenced upon the philosophy of life of the participants, wonders about the end of life/afterlife, and the meaning of religious symbols and rituals. The study also portrays how religious support may foster dignity, especially near the end of life, and experiences and opinions regarding support from nursing personnel. The study concludes that religiousness cannot be separated from spirituality, and that nurses should be able to provide spiritual care to a certain extent. Spiritual care including religious support according to patients' desires may foster health and preserve human dignity.
Department of Caring Science, Åbo Akademi University, Vasa, Finland. linda.rykkje@hsh.no
Linda L R
LL
Rykkje
Katie
K
Eriksson
Maj-Britt
MB
Raholm
D000368:Aged; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D009729:Nursing; D012067:Religion; D029181:Spirituality