Impairment on cardiovascular and autonomic adjustments to maximal isometric exercise tests in offspring of hypertensive parents.
The objective of the present study was to compare cardiovascular and autonomic responses to a mental stress test and to a maximal isometric exercise test between offspring of normotensive (ON, n = 10) and hypertensive parents (OH, n = 10). Subjects underwent a 3-min Stroop Color Word Test and a maximal isometric exercise test performed in an isokinetic dynamometer with continuous RR interval monitoring. At rest, arterial pressure and heart rate were similar between groups, but there was a significant reduction in total RR interval variance (ON: 5933 ± 493 vs. OH: 2967 ± 390 ms(2)) and an increase in low-high frequency components ratio of heart rate variability (ON: 2.3 ± 0.4 vs. OH: 4.6 ± 0.8) in OH group. In the first minute of the mental stress test and after both tests, the OH group presented increased heart rate as compared with the ON group. After both tests, only the ON group presented an increase in sympathetic component, thus reaching resting values similar to those of the OH group. Our data demonstrated increased resting cardiac sympathetic modulation in offspring of hypertensive parents at similar levels to that observed in offspring of normotensive parents after a mental stress test or a maximal isometric exercise test. Additionally, the exacerbated heart rate responses to these physiological tests in OH subjects may be associated with resting autonomic dysfunction, thus reinforcing these evaluations as important tools for detecting early dysfunctions in this genetically predisposed population.
Human Movement Laboratory, Sao Judas Tadeu University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Juliana V
JV
Francica
Marcelo V
MV
Heeren
Márcio
M
Tubaldini
Michelle
M
Sartori
Cristiano
C
Mostarda
Rubens C
RC
Araujo
Maria-Cláudia
MC
Irigoyen
Kátia
K
De Angelis
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D032721:Adult Children; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000294:innervation*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006339:Heart Rate; D040941:Heredity; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult