Imaging features of postoperative complications after spinal surgery and instrumentation.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to illustrate common postoperative complications and their imaging appearances after spinal surgery, including stabilization, fusion, and disk replacement with various techniques and devices.


CONCLUSIONS
Radiography is the primary modality for routine follow-up, but MDCT has become the standard for optimized assessment of postoperative implants, and MRI plays a major role in the diagnosis of complications such as infection and soft-tissue lesions.
Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, FGH Bldg 3rd Fl, Boston, MA 02118, USA. dhayashi@bu.edu
Daichi
D
Hayashi
Frank W
FW
Roemer
Asim
A
Mian
Monther
M
Gharaibeh
Bernhard
B
Müller
Ali
A
Guermazi
D000368:Aged; D001416:Back Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000009:adverse effects; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D012008:Recurrence; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology