Perceived stress, insomnia and related factors in women around the menopause.
BACKGROUND
Studies assessing perceived stress and insomnia in mid-aged women are scarce.


OBJECTIVE
To assess perceived stress, insomnia and related factors in mid-aged Spanish women.


METHODS
This was a cross sectional study in which 235 women aged 40-65 completed the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and a general socio-demographic questionnaire containing personal and partner data. Internal consistency of each tool was also computed.


RESULTS
Median [interquartile range] age of the sample was 52 [9.0] years. A 61.3% were postmenopausal, 49.4% had increased body mass index values, 43.8% were abdominally obese, 11.9% had hypertension, and 74.0% had a partner. In addition, 9.8% used hormone therapy and 12.3% psychotropic drugs. Multiple linear regression analysis found that higher PSS scores (more stress) inversely correlated with female age and positively with MRS psychological and urogenital scores (impaired quality of life in these domains), total higher ISI scores (more insomnia) and partner premature ejaculation. Higher ISI scores positively correlated with PSS and MRS somatic scores and partner unfaithfulness, and inversely with female hip circumference.


CONCLUSIONS
In this mid-aged Spanish sample perceived stress and insomnia were significantly correlated and related to various female and partner issues.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
José L
JL
Cuadros
Ana M
AM
Fernández-Alonso
Angela M
AM
Cuadros-Celorrio
Nuria
N
Fernández-Luzón
María J
MJ
Guadix-Peinado
Nadia
N
del Cid-Martín
Peter
P
Chedraui
Faustino R
FR
Pérez-López
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D052776:Female Urogenital Diseases / Q000523:psychology; D006615:Hip; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008593:Menopause / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000453:epidemiology; D010465:Perception; D061686:Premature Ejaculation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D012747:Sexual Partners; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D015430:Weight Gain
D011619:Psychotropic Drugs