Cardiovascular effects of particulate air pollution exposure: time course and underlying mechanisms.
Air pollution is now recognized as an important independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and may be responsible for up to 3 million premature deaths each year worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the observed effects are poorly understood but are likely to be multifactorial. Here, we review the acute and chronic effects of air pollution exposure on the cardiovascular system and discuss how these effects may explain the observed increases in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
BHF/University Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. jeremy.langrish@ed.ac.uk
J P
JP
Langrish
J
J
Bosson
J
J
Unosson
A
A
Muala
D E
DE
Newby
N L
NL
Mills
A
A
Blomberg
T
T
Sandström
D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D052638:Particulate Matter; D059289:Vascular Stiffness / Q000502:physiology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology
D052638:Particulate Matter