Standardized extract of Bacopa monniera (BESEB CDRI-08) attenuates contextual associative learning deficits in the aging rat's brain induced by D-galactose.
In this study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of standardized Bacopa monniera extract (BME: BESEB CDRI-08) against the D-galactose (D-gal)-induced brain aging in rats. Experimental groups were subjected to contextual-associative learning task. We found that the administration of BME in the D-gal-treated group attenuated contextual-associative learning deficits; the individuals showed more correct responses and retrieved the reward with less latency. Subsequent analysis showed that the BME administration significantly decreased advance glycation end product (AGE) in serum and increased the activity of antioxidant response element (ARE) and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and nuclear transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), accompanied by a reduction in the level of serotonin (5-HT) in the hippocampus. The BME treatment also reversed D-gal-induced brain aging by upregulating the levels of the presynaptic proteins synaptotagmin I (SYT1) and synaptophysin (SYP) and the postsynaptic proteins Ca(2+) /calmodulin dependent protein kinase II (αCaMKII) and postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) in the hippocampus during synaptic plasticity. A significant finding is that the D-gal- + BME-treated rats exhibited more correct responses in contextual-associative learning than D-gal alone-treated rats. Our findings suggest that BME treatment attenuates D-gal-induced brain aging and regulates the level of antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2 expression, and the level of 5-HT, which was accompanied by concomitantly increased levels of synaptic proteins SYT1, SYP, αCaMKII, p-αCaMKII, and PSD-95.
Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
Charles
C
Prisila Dulcy
Hemant K
HK
Singh
Jayakumar
J
Preethi
Koilmani Emmanuvel
KE
Rajan
D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D001245:Association Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D034681:Bacopa / Q000737:chemistry*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005690:Galactose; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; C495637:Nfe2l2 protein, rat; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005690:Galactose