Gestational glucose intolerance modifies the association between magnesium and glycemic variables in mothers and daughters 15 years post-partum.
BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and low magnesium (Mg) intake and status are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. However, Mg homeostasis may be modified by GDM. We sought to determine if a history of GDM prospectively modifies associations between Mg and glycemic variables in mothers and their offspring.


METHODS
Plasma and dietary Mg, anthropometric, lifestyle and glycemic variables were assessed in mothers affected by GDM during 1989-1990, a comparative group of normoglycemic women, pregnant during the same time period, and the 15-year-old, nondiabetic daughters of affected and unaffected pregnancies (n = 332). Multivariate regression analyses evaluated the cross-sectional association between plasma and dietary Mg with glycemic variables in mothers and daughters.


RESULTS
Plasma Mg was lower in mothers with a history of GDM in comparison to control mothers after adjustment for current type 2 diabetes, race and body mass index (0.90 ± 0.01 versus 0.96 ± 0.01 mmol/L; p = 0.002). Plasma Mg was significantly associated with insulin sensitivity and was inversely associated with fasting insulin in GDM mothers only (p<0.05). Plasma and dietary Mg were significantly inversely associated with glycated hemoglobin and fasting glucose, respectively, in nondiabetic teenage daughters. For fasting glucose, plasma Mg was inversely associated in GDM-born daughters only.


CONCLUSIONS
Associations between plasma Mg and some glycemic variables may be stronger in mothers and offspring with a history of GDM.
McGill University, School of Dietetics &#38; Human Nutrition, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada.
Liana C
LC
Del Gobbo
Yiqing
Y
Song
Ronald J
RJ
Elin
Sara J
SJ
Meltzer
Grace M
GM
Egeland
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D003710:Demography; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016014:Linear Models; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers; D009679:Nuclear Family; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy
D001786:Blood Glucose; D008274:Magnesium