Cardiotoxicity of childhood cancer treatment: update and current knowledge on long-term follow-up.
Therapeutic advances in paediatric oncology allowed increasing numbers of children to survive until adulthood. However, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are potentially cardiotoxic and contribute to a significant morbidity and mortality, cardiovascular events remaining the leading cause of death among survivors. This review summarizes the physiopathology of treatment-related cardiovascular diseases, their incidence, and the risk factors associated with each specific therapy. Few studies have investigated the cardiac outcomes of adult surviving from childhood cancers but all demonstrated a substantial risk for late cardiac effects. Cardiovascular monitoring, prevention, and early detection of cardiac dysfunction are, therefore, the keystones of an improved long-term outcome.
Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Maëlle
M
de Ville de Goyet
Stéphane
S
Moniotte
Bénédicte
B
Brichard
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*