Identification of newly zeaxanthin-producing bacteria isolated from sponges in the Gulf of Thailand and their zeaxanthin production.
Sponge-associated bacteria have been found to produce a variety of bioactive compounds including natural pigments. Here, we report the molecular identification of zeaxanthin-producing sponge-associated bacteria isolated from sponges in the Gulf of Thailand and the effect of environmental factors on zeaxanthin production from a bacterium. Three colorful sponge-associated bacteria (CHOB06-6, KODA19-6, and MAKB08-4) were identified based on the 16S rDNA profile. The 16S rDNA sequence-based analyses revealed that CHOB 06-6 and MAKB 08-4 were the closest relatives to Sphingomonas phyllosphaerae FA2(T), and KODA19-6 was a relative of Shingomonas (Blastomonas) natatoria DSM 3183(T). After all bacteria were cultivated in a modified Zobell medium, S. natatoria KODA19-6 was found to produce the highest zeaxanthin at 0.62 mg/l. pH and temperature considerably affected its zeaxanthin production. Its optimal condition for zeaxanthin production was found at a pH of 7 and 30 °C. The bacterium had a maximum specific growth rate (μ(max)) of 0.06 1/h with zeaxanthin productivity (Q(p)) of 6.27 μg/l·h. Therefore, this newly zeaxanthin-producing bacterium has a potential to produce natural zeaxanthin for the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thung-Kru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
Patcharee
P
Thawornwiriyanun
Somboon
S
Tanasupawat
Chutiwan
C
Dechsakulwatana
Somkiet
S
Techkarnjanaruk
Worapot
W
Suntornsuk
D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011161:Porifera / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013785:Thailand; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D065146:Zeaxanthins
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins