Programmed changes in the adult rat offspring caused by maternal protein restriction during gestation and lactation are attenuated by maternal moderate-low physical training.
The effects of maternal moderate-low physical training on postnatal development, glucose homeostasis and leptin concentration in adult offspring subjected to a low-protein diet during the perinatal period were investigated. Male Wistar rats (aged 150 d old) were divided into four groups according to maternal group: untrained (NTp, n 8); trained (Tp, n 8); untrained with a low-protein diet (NT+LPp, n 8); trained with a low-protein diet (T+LPp, n 8). The trained mothers were subjected to a protocol of moderate physical training over a period of 4 weeks (treadmill, 5 d/week, 60 min/d, at 65 % VO(2max)) before mating. At pregnancy, the intensity and duration of exercise was progressively reduced (50-20 min/d, at 65-30 % VO(2max)). The low-protein diet groups received an 8 % casein diet, and their peers received a 17 % casein diet during gestation and lactation. The pups' birth weight and somatic growth were recorded weekly up to the 150th day. Fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, serum leptin concentration, glucose and insulin tolerance tests were evaluated. The Tp animals showed no changes in somatic and biochemical parameters, while the NT+LPp group showed a greater abdominal circumference, hyperglycaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, glucose intolerance and lower plasma leptin. In the T+LPp animals, all of those alterations were reversed except for plasma leptin concentration. In conclusion, the effects of a perinatal low-protein diet on growth and development, glucose homeostasis and serum leptin concentration in the offspring were attenuated in pups from trained mothers.
Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Marco
M
Fidalgo
Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Filippe
F
Falcão-Tebas
Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Adriano
A
Bento-Santos
Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Elaine
E
de Oliveira
Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
José Firmino
JF
Nogueira-Neto
Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Egberto Gaspar
EG
de Moura
Department of Physiological Sciences, Roberto Alcantara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Patrícia Cristina
PC
Lisboa
Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Raul Manhães
RM
de Castro
Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV, Federal University of Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Carol Góis
CG
Leandro
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001724:Birth Weight; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007774:Lactation; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009043:Motor Activity; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015430:Weight Gain
D020738:Leptin