Antimicrobial activity of nanoparticulate metal oxides against peri-implantitis pathogens.
Dental plaque accumulation may result in peri-implantitis, an inflammatory process causing loss of supporting bone that may lead to dental implant failure. The antimicrobial activities of six metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and two of their composites against bacterial pathogens associated with peri-implantitis were examined under anaerobic conditions. The activities of nanoparticles of silver (Ag), cuprous oxide (Cu(2)O), cupric oxide (CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO(2)), tungsten oxide (WO(3)), Ag+CuO composite and Ag+ZnO composite were assessed by minimum inhibitory (bacteriostatic) concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) determination against Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Time-kill assays were carried out to examine the dynamics of the antimicrobial activity with ZnO nanoparticles. MIC and MBC values were in the range of <100 μg/mL to 2500 μg/mL and <100 μg/mL to >2500 μg/mL, respectively. The activity of the nanoparticles tested in descending order was Ag>Ag+CuO>Cu(2)O>CuO>Ag+ZnO>ZnO>TiO(2)>WO(3). Time-kill assays with ZnO demonstrated a significant decrease in growth of all species tested within 4h, reaching 100% within 2h for P. gingivalis and within 3h for F. nucleatum and P. intermedia. Coating titanium surfaces of dental and orthopaedic implants with antimicrobial nanoparticles should lead to an increased rate of implant success.
Queen Mary University of London, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, UK.
Miguel A
MA
Vargas-Reus
Kaveh
K
Memarzadeh
Jie
J
Huang
Guogang G
GG
Ren
Robert P
RP
Allaker
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003300:Copper / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010316:Particle Size; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000382:microbiology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014414:Tungsten / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010087:Oxides; C009495:titanium dioxide; D003300:Copper; C511604:tungsten oxide; D014025:Titanium; D015034:Zinc Oxide; C000520:cuprous oxide; C030973:cupric oxide; D014414:Tungsten