Gluconacetobacter medellinensis sp. nov., cellulose- and non-cellulose-producing acetic acid bacteria isolated from vinegar.
The phylogenetic position of a cellulose-producing acetic acid bacterium, strain ID13488, isolated from commercially available Colombian homemade fruit vinegar, was investigated. Analyses using nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences, nearly complete 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, as well as concatenated partial sequences of the housekeeping genes dnaK, groEL and rpoB, allocated the micro-organism to the genus Gluconacetobacter, and more precisely to the Gluconacetobacter xylinus group. Moreover, the data suggested that the micro-organism belongs to a novel species in this genus, together with LMG 1693(T), a non-cellulose-producing strain isolated from vinegar by Kondo and previously classified as a strain of Gluconacetobacter xylinus. DNA-DNA hybridizations confirmed this finding, revealing a DNA-DNA relatedness value of 81 % between strains ID13488 and LMG 1693(T), and values <70 % between strain LMG 1693(T) and the type strains of the closest phylogenetic neighbours. Additionally, the classification of strains ID13488 and LMG 1693(T) into a single novel species was supported by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and (GTG)5-PCR DNA fingerprinting data, as well as by phenotypic data. Strains ID13488 and LMG 1693(T) could be differentiated from closely related species of the genus Gluconacetobacter by their ability to produce 2- and 5-keto-d-gluconic acid from d-glucose, their ability to produce acid from sucrose, but not from 1-propanol, and their ability to grow on 3 % ethanol in the absence of acetic acid and on ethanol, d-ribose, d-xylose, sucrose, sorbitol, d-mannitol and d-gluconate as carbon sources. The DNA G+C content of strains ID13488 and LMG 1693(T) was 58.0 and 60.7 mol%, respectively. The major ubiquinone of LMG 1693(T) was Q-10. Taken together these data indicate that strains ID13488 and LMG 1693(T) represent a novel species of the genus Gluconacetobacter for which the name Gluconacetobacter medellinensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LMG 1693(T) ( = NBRC 3288(T) = Kondo 51(T)).
Faculty of Textile Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
Cristina
C
Castro
BCCM/LMG Bacterial Collection, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Ilse
I
Cleenwerck
University of Maribor, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Department of Biology, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Janja
J
Trček
Faculty of Agroindustrial Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
Robin
R
Zuluaga
BCCM/LMG Bacterial Collection, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Paul
P
De Vos
Faculty of Textile Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
Gloria
G
Caro
School of Medicine, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Cll 78b # 72a-109, Medellín, Colombia.
Ricardo
R
Aguirre
Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), BP 53, F-38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France (affiliated with Université Joseph Fourier and member of the Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble).
Jean-Luc
JL
Putaux
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
Piedad
P
Gañán
D019342:Acetic Acid; D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002482:Cellulose / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003105:Colombia; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D041821:Gluconacetobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002482:Cellulose; D019342:Acetic Acid