Lipids seasonal variability in type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to evaluate the seasonal lipid variations in type 2 diabetic (DM2) outpatients.


METHODS
302 (183 women and 119 men) DM2 subjects with or without statins therapy were screened. Body weight, HbA1c, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), triglycerides (Trg) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured and patients' data of diet and physical activity were recorded during fall/winter (F/W) and spring/summer (S/S) seasons.


RESULTS
HbA1c levels showed seasonal variability without statistical significance. During the colder seasons we observed an increase (P<.05) of weight associated with higher calorie intake and reduced physical activity. We showed a peak of TC, LDL-C and Trg levels during F/W while HDL-C levels were reduced. Median TC levels in F/W with respect to S/S were 197 vs 185 mg/dL (P<.001) without statins therapy and 172 vs 161 mg/dL (P<.001) in patients under statins therapy. Median LDL-C levels, without or with statin therapy, were 122 vs 114 mg/dL (P<.001) and 97.5 vs 88.5 mg/dL (P<.001), respectively. This seasonal lipids changes from F/W to S/S, modulated the percent of patients at LDL-C target <100 mg/dL, both without or under statins treatment: from 22% to 29.5% (P<.05) with odds ratio 0.73 (95% CI 0.62-0.87) and from 47% to 55% (P<.001) with odds ratio 0.68 (95% CI 0.58-0.76), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
DM2 patients showed a peak of TC and LDL-C during colder months associated with changes of diet and lifestyle habits. This seasonal lipid trend modified the percentage of patients at LDL-C therapeutical target.
Section of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, I-50134, Florence, Italy.
Gianluca
G
Bardini
Ilaria
I
Dicembrini
Carlo Maria
CM
Rotella
Stefano
S
Giannini
D000368:Aged; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D015930:Diet Records; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010045:Outpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012621:Seasons; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015430:Weight Gain; D015431:Weight Loss
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human