In vivo three-dimensional photoacoustic imaging based on a clinical matrix array ultrasound probe.
We present an integrated photoacoustic and ultrasonic three-dimensional (3-D) volumetric imaging system based on a two-dimensional (2-D) matrix array ultrasound probe. A wavelength-tunable dye laser pumped by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser serves as the light source and a modified commercial ultrasound imaging system (iU22, Philips Healthcare) with a 2-D array transducer (X7-2, Philips Healthcare) detects both the pulse-echo ultrasound and photoacoustic signals. A multichannel data acquisition system acquires the RF channel data. The imaging system enables rendering of co-registered 3-D ultrasound and photoacoustic images without mechanical scanning. The resolution along the azimuth, elevation, and axial direction are measured to be 0.69, 0.90 and 0.84 mm for photoacoustic imaging. In vivo 3-D photoacoustic mapping of the sentinel lymph node was demonstrated in a rat model using methylene blue dye. These results highlight the clinical potential of 3-D PA imaging for identification of sentinel lymph nodes for cancer staging in humans.
Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Optical Imaging Laboratory, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
Yu
Y
Wang
Todd N
TN
Erpelding
Ladislav
L
Jankovic
Zijian
Z
Guo
Jean-Luc
JL
Robert
Guillaume
G
David
Lihong V
LV
Wang
D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005780:Gelatin; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers; D008027:Light; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000494:pharmacology; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic / Q000379:methods*; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D061088:Photoacoustic Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
D005780:Gelatin; D008751:Methylene Blue