Synergies between vaccination and dietary arginine and glutamine supplementation improve the immune response of channel catfish against Edwardsiella ictaluri.
Channel catfish was used to investigate the enhancement of vaccine efficacy following dietary supplementation with arginine (ARG, 4% of diet), glutamine (GLN, 2% of diet), or a combination of both. After vaccination against Edwardsiella ictaluri, humoral and cellular immune responses, along with lymphoid organ responses were evaluated. E. ictaluri-specific antibody titers in plasma were higher (P < 0.05) in fish fed the supplemented diets compared to those fed the basal diet as early as 7 d post-vaccination (dpv). B-cell proportion in head-kidney was higher (P < 0.05) at 14 dpv in vaccinated fish fed the GLN diet. The responsiveness of spleen and head-kidney lymphocytes against E. ictaluri was enhanced (P < 0.05) by dietary supplementation of ARG or GLN at 14 dpv. Additionally, at 7 dpv, vaccinated fish fed the GLN diet had higher (P < 0.05) head kidney weights relative to the other dietary treatments, and vaccinated fish fed ARG-supplemented diets had higher (P < 0.05) protein content in this tissue. Results from this study suggest that dietary supplementation of ARG and GLN may improve specific cellular and humoral mechanisms, enhancing the acquired immunity in vaccinated channel catfish.
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences and Intercollegiate, Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, 216 Heep Laboratory Building, 2258 TAMUS, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Camilo
C
Pohlenz
Alejandro
A
Buentello
Michael F
MF
Criscitiello
Waithaka
W
Mwangi
Roger
R
Smith
Delbert M
DM
Gatlin
D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D020610:Edwardsiella ictaluri / Q000502:physiology*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D005973:Glutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007059:Ictaluridae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology
D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D005973:Glutamine; D001120:Arginine