Advax™, a polysaccharide adjuvant derived from delta inulin, provides improved influenza vaccine protection through broad-based enhancement of adaptive immune responses.
Advax™ adjuvant is derived from inulin, a natural plant-derived polysaccharide that when crystallized in the delta polymorphic form, becomes immunologically active. This study was performed to assess the ability of Advax™ adjuvant to enhance influenza vaccine immunogenicity and protection. Mice were immunized with influenza vaccine alone or combined with Advax™ adjuvant. Immuno-phenotyping of the anti-influenza response was performed including antibody isotypes, B-cell ELISPOT, CD4 and CD8 T-cell proliferation, influenza-stimulated cytokine secretion, DTH skin tests and challenge with live influenza virus. Advax™ adjuvant increased neutralizing antibody and memory B-cell responses to influenza. It similarly enhanced CD4 and CD8 T-cell proliferation and increased influenza-stimulated IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-6, and GM-CSF responses. This translated into enhanced protection against mortality and morbidity in mice. Advax™ adjuvant provided significant antigen dose-sparing compared to influenza antigen alone. Protection could be transferred from mice that had received Advax™-adjuvanted vaccine to naïve mice by immune serum. Enhanced humoral and T-cell responses induced by Advax™-formulated vaccine were sustained 12months post-immunization. Advax™ adjuvant had low reactogenicity and no adverse events were identified. This suggests Advax™ adjuvant could be a useful influenza vaccine adjuvant.
Vaxine Pty Ltd, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia.
Yoshikazu
Y
Honda-Okubo
Fadi
F
Saade
Nikolai
N
Petrovsky
D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007444:Inulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; C576871:delta inulin; D007444:Inulin