[Nephro-protective effects of total triterpenoids from Psidium guajava leaves on type 2 diabetic rats].
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the nephro-protective effects of total triterpenoids from Psidium guajava leaves (TTPGL) on type 2 diabetic rats.


METHODS
Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg) and a high-fat diet. Diabetic rats were divided into five groups: diabetic model control, low-dose TTPGL-treated (60 mg/kg, L-TTPGL), medium-dose TTPGL-treated (120 mg/kg, M-TTPGL), high-dose TTPGL-treated (240 mg/kg, H-TTPGL) and rosiglitazone-treated (3 mg/kg, RSG). The rats received daily treatment for six weeks. At the end of the period,the levels of fasting blood glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in serum were measured. Kidneys for histopathological evaluation were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE).


RESULTS
Compared with normal control group, the level of FPG was increased, the insulin and insulin sensitivity index were decreased in the model group; The levels of BUN and Cr were increased with histopathological changes related to diabetic nephropathy in the kidney, which were the glomerular endothelium and mesangial cell proliferation, capillary narrowed, the base-membrane incrassation, glomerular swelling, cysts narrowed and tubules edema. Compared with the model group, the levels of FPG were decreased, serum insulin and insulin sensitivity index were increased significantly in M-TTPGL and H-TTPGL groups (P<0.01 or P<0.05); The levels of BUN and Cr were decreased significantly (P<0.01 or P<0.05) and the renal structural damages were improved significantly.


CONCLUSIONS
TTPGL could decrease the level of blood glucose of diabetic rat effectively, increase the insulin sensitivity index and protect renal lesions in diabetic rats.
The Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. qqqdkqt@163.com
Qiao-Ting
QT
Kuang
Jing-Jing
JJ
Zhao
Chun-Ling
CL
Ye
Jing-Ru
JR
Wang
Kai-He
KH
Ye
Xiao-Qi
XQ
Zhang
Ying
Y
Wang
Wen-Cai
WC
Ye
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D031647:Psidium / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007328:Insulin; D020011:Protective Agents; D014315:Triterpenes; D003404:Creatinine