[Screening for asymptomatic peripheral arterial occlusive disease of the lower limbs by measuring the ankle-brachial index in the general population (Senegal)].
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAOD) and cardiovascular risk factors associated with the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in Senegalese patients aged 40 years and over.


METHODS
We prospectively studied a random sample of Senegalese aged 40 years and older, residing in the city of St.-Louis, Senegal. The ABI was measured with a portable doppler (DIADOP 50) using 4 and 8Hz dual frequency probes. The standards were: normal ABI 0.9 to 1.3; peripheral artery obstructive disease (PAOD) ABI less than 0.9; incompressible artery ABI greater than 1.3. Cardiovascular risk factors were also studied.


RESULTS
Seven hundred and seventy-one subjects (mean age 57 ± 11.2 years, 559 women) were examined. Cardiovascular risk factors were: sedentary lifestyle (76.4%), hypertension (68%), obesity (32.1%), elevated LDL-cholesterolemia (27.8%), diabetes (18.3%) and tobacco smoking (6.9%). Ninety-three subjects (12.1%) had PAOD and 37 subjects (4.8%) had an incompressible artery. PAOD was significantly more common in sedentary subjects (P=0.008), in the elderly (P=0.0006) and in patients with a history of coronary artery disease (P=0.04). Smoking was not strongly associated with PAOD.


CONCLUSIONS
PAOD is common in Senegalese and is associated with high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors.
Service de cardiologie, hôpital général de Grand-Yoff, BP 3270, Dakar, Sénégal. spessinaba@yahoo.fr
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Pessinaba
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Mbaye
Ad
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Kane
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Guene
M
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Mbaye Ndour
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Niang
M
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Jobe
M
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Cazaubon
J-B S
JB
Mathieu
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Kane
D Diagne
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Sow
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Diack
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Kane
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D007866:Leg / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D012675:Senegal / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology; D014463:Ultrasonography