Hippotherapy effects on trunk, pelvic, and hip motion during ambulation in children with neurological impairments.
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the effects of a 10-week hippotherapy program on trunk, pelvis, and hip joint positioning during the stance phase of gait.


METHODS
Eleven children (6 boys and 5 girls; 7.9 ± 2.7 years) with neurological disorders and impaired ambulation participated. Joint range of motion data were collected via 3-dimensional computerized gait analysis before and after the program. Paired t tests were performed on kinematic data for each joint.


RESULTS
Significant improvements (P ≤ .008) and large effect sizes (ESs) for sagittal plane hip positions at initial contact and toe-off were found. No differences in pelvic or trunk positioning were determined, although sagittal plane pelvic positioning displayed a trend toward improvement with large ESs. Several trunk variables displayed moderate ESs with a trend toward more upright positioning.


CONCLUSIONS
Improvements in pelvic and hip joint positioning and more normalized vertical trunk position may indicate increased postural control during gait after 10 sessions of hippotherapy.
Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Findlay, 1000 N Main St, Findlay, OH 45840, USA. encheff@findlay.edu
Jenna L
JL
Encheff
Charles
C
Armstrong
Michelle
M
Masterson
Christine
C
Fox
Phillip
P
Gribble
D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D056147:Equine-Assisted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010388:Pelvis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D011187:Posture; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D060726:Torso / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology