Administration technique and storage of disposable insulin pens reported by patients with diabetes.
The purpose of the study was to evaluate insulin injection technique and storage of insulin pens as reported by patients with diabetes and to compare correct pen use to initial education on injection technique, hemoglobin A1C, duration of insulin therapy, and duration of insulin pen.



Cross-sectional questionnaire orally administered to patients at a university-affiliated primary care practice. Subjects were patients with diabetes who were 18 years or older and prescribed a disposable insulin pen for at least 4 weeks. A correct usage score was calculated for each patient based on manufacturer recommendations for disposable insulin pen use. Associations were made between the correct usage score and certainty in technique, initial education, years of insulin therapy, duration of pen use, and hemoglobin A1C.



Sixty-seven patients completed the questionnaire, reporting total use of 94 insulin pens. The 3 components most often neglected by patients were priming pen needle, holding for specific count time before withdrawal of pen needle from skin, and storing an in-use pen. For three-fourths of the insulin pens being used, users did not follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper administration and storage of insulin pens. Correct usage scores were significantly higher if initial education on insulin pens was performed by a pharmacist or nurse.



The majority of patients may be ignoring or unaware of key components for consistent insulin dosing using disposable insulin pens; therefore, initial education and reeducation on correct use of disposable insulin pens by health care professionals are needed.
The Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (Dr Mitchell, Dr Beatty)|The Department of Pharmacy, Wexner Medical Center at The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (Dr Mitchell)
Virginia D
VD
Mitchell
The Center of Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio (Mr Porter)
Kyle
K
Porter
The Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio (Dr Mitchell, Dr Beatty)
Stuart J
SJ
Beatty
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004209:Disposable Equipment; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007267:Injections / Q000295:instrumentation; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012648:Self Care / Q000592:standards*
D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human