Cytokine and chemokine responses in pediatric patients with severe pneumonia associated with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus.
Severe pneumonia and leukocytosis are characteristic, frequently observed, clinical findings in pediatric patients with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus infection. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of cytokines and chemokines in complicating pneumonia and leukocytosis in patients with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus infection. Forty-seven patients with pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus infection were enrolled in this study. Expression of interleukin (IL)-10 (P = 0.027) and IL-5 (P = 0.014) was significantly greater in patients with pneumonia than in those without pneumonia. Additionally, serum concentrations of interferon-γ (P = 0.009), tumor necrosis factor-α (P = 0.01), IL-4 (P = 0.024), and IL-2 (P = 0.012) were significantly lower in pneumonia patients with neutrophilic leukocytosis than in those without neutrophilic leukocytosis. Of the five serum chemokine concentrations assessed, only IL-8 was significantly lower in pneumonia patients with neutrophilic leukocytosis than in those without leukocytosis (P = 0.001). These cytokines and chemokines may play important roles in the pathogenesis of childhood pneumonia associated with A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus infection.
Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
Yuji
Y
Matsumoto
Yoshiki
Y
Kawamura
Hidetaka
H
Nakai
Ken
K
Sugata
Akiko
A
Yoshikawa
Masaru
M
Ihira
Masahiro
M
Ohashi
Tomochika
T
Kato
Tetsushi
T
Yoshikawa
D000293:Adolescent; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D058873:Pandemics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D018925:Chemokines; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma