Encopresis in children. Outcome and predictive factors of successful management.
OBJECTIVE
To elucidate our experience and outcome in the management of childhood encopresis, and to emphasize the factors that may predict successful management.


METHODS
This prospective study was carried out between September 2003 and September 2011 in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Al-Thoura Teaching Hospital, Al-Beida and Al-Butnan Medical Teaching Center, Tobruk, Libya.


RESULTS
One hundred and thirty-two patients (117 male, 15 female) took part of the study. The male and female ratio was 7.8:1. The participants were patients aged 4-9 years. There were 30 (22.7%) patients between 4-5 years, 61 (46.2%) between 6-7 years, and 41 (31%)  between 8-9 years. Nonretentive encopresis patients were 36 (27.2%) (Group I) and 96 (72.8%) patients had retentive encopresis (Group II). Patients with low fluid intake were 87 (65.9%) and low fiber diet were 91 (68.9%). Patients with delayed toilet training were 99 (75%). The total rate of successful conservative treatment was 70.5%. The rate of successful treatment in Group I was 94.4% and in Group II was 61.5%. We observed 18.2% of the patients had recurrence of encopresis. The factors found to predict good resolution rate after medical treatment included: cooperation of the parent and patient, female gender, ages above 5 years, and non-retentive encopresis.


CONCLUSIONS
Encopresis remains a problem for the parents and the patients. Clinical evaluation is indispensable. Good outcome can be achieved effectively. Cooperative parents and patient, female gender, age above 5 years, and nonretentive encopresis are predictors for  good  response to  medical  treatment.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty, Omar Al-Mukhtar University, Al-Beida, PO Box 919, Libya. dr.adnanmoh@gmail.com
Adnan A
AA
Mohammed
Farag M
FM
Mekael
D001521:Behavior Therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004688:Encopresis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008002:Libya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013997:Time Factors; D014039:Toilet Training; D016896:Treatment Outcome