Sickle cell Nephropathy in children seen in an African Hospital - Case Report.
OBJECTIVE
To determine and report the occurrence of overt renal presentations  in children with  sickle cell disease seen over the last 14 years (1995-2009) at the Emergency Paediatric Unit and Paediatric Ward and followed up at the Paediatric Nephrology clinic of  University of Ilorin Teaching  Hospital, Ilorin (UITH).


METHODS
The five cases with overt renal presentations   seen during the period were reported and analyzed for age, sex, and renal manifestations.


RESULTS
The age range of the children was 9-15years with a mean of 11years. Four of the five patients were females, with one male. Three of the four females presented with features suggestive of nephrotic syndrome (NS) while the other one had gross haematuria which resolved within 24 hours. The only male had enuresis. The NS in one of the patients progressed to end stage renal disease requiring renal replacement therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Children with sickle cell disease should be screened for renal complications especially from the late first decade of life. This will help in the early detection of renal disorder that could lead to chronic kidney disease. It is also  suspected that the  severe  forms of SCN  such  as  NS  may  have a predilection  for the  female  gender. A more extensive study is needed to test the veracity of this observation.
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 1459, Ilorin, Nigeria. ooadedoyin@yahoo.com
O T
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Adedoyin
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Adesiyun
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Adegboye
O A
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Bello
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Fatoye
D000293:Adolescent; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D009549:Nigeria; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis / Q000209:etiology*; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy