Beneficial effects of the active principle component of Korean cabbage kimchi via increasing nitric oxide production and suppressing inflammation in the aorta of apoE knockout mice.
The present study investigated the effects of 3'-(4'-hydroxyl-3',5'-dimethoxyphenyl)propionic acid (HDMPPA), the active principle compound of kimchi, on vascular damage in the experimental atherosclerotic animal. HDMPPA was administrated by an intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg per d for 8 weeks to apoE knockout (KO) mice with an atherogenic diet containing 1 % cholesterol, and its effects were compared with vehicle-treated control mice. HDMPPA increased NO content in the aorta, accompanied by a decrease in reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration. Furthermore, in the HDMPPA-treated group, aortic endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression was up-regulated compared with the control group. These results suggested that HDMPPA could maintain NO bioavailability through an increasing eNOS expression and preventing NO degradation by ROS. Furthermore, HDMPPA treatment in apoE KO mice inhibited eNOS uncoupling through an increase in vascular tetrahydrobiopterin content and a decrease in serum asymmetric dimethylarginine levels. Moreover, HDMPPA ameliorates inflammatory-related protein expression in the aorta of apoE KO mice. Therefore, the present study suggests that HDMPPA, the active compound of kimchi, a Korean functional food, may exert its vascular protective effect through the preservation of NO bioavailability and suppression of the inflammatory response.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan              609-735, Republic of Korea.
Jeong Sook
JS
Noh
Yung Hyun
YH
Choi
Yeong Ok
YO
Song
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001025:Aortitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic / Q000009:adverse effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011422:Propionates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
C526155:3-(4'-hydroxyl-3',5'-dimethoxyphenyl)propionic acid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D011422:Propionates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C487735:dimethylarginine; D001708:Biopterins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; C003402:sapropterin