Bone loss biomarkers associated with peri-implantitis. A cross-sectional study.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the levels of biomarkers associated with osteoclastogenesis in patients suffering peri-implantitis and to compare them with levels in healthy peri-implant sites and severe chronic periodontitis.


METHODS
Peri-implant/gingival crevicular fluid samples and clinical parameters including: bleeding on probing, modified Plaque Index (PlI), pocket depth and clinical attachment level were collected from 70 patients (23 with peri-implantitis, 25 with healthy peri-implant tissues and 22 with severe chronic periodontitis). The concentrations of sRANKL, RANK and OPG were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; they were compared between the groups and correlated with the clinical findings.


RESULTS
sRANKL (P = 0.01), RANK (P = 0.01) and OPG (P = 0.03) concentrations were significantly higher in peri-implantitis sites when compared to those in healthy implant sites, although differences in the sRANKL/OPG ratio were not statistically significant. In these sites all three markers were significantly correlated with the clinical parameters, with exception of OPG/PI correlation that remained insignificant (P = 0.121). When comparing peri-implantitis and periodontitis findings, RANK was significantly higher in peri-implantitis sites whereas, sRANKL (P = 0.03) and sRANKL/OPG ratio (P = 0.004) were significantly higher in periodontitis sites. Among periodontitis and healthy implant sites the same differences have been observed for both sRANKL (P = 0.000) and sRANKL/OPG ratio (P = 0.000), furthermore RANK was higher in periodontitis sites as well (P = 0.010).


CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this preliminary study on a relatively small sample size suggest that the PICF levels of biomarkers sRANKL, RANK, and OPG are associated with peri-implant tissue destruction and the pattern of these biomarkers differed when compared to periodontitis.
Department for Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. mia.rakic@gmail.com
Mia
M
Rakic
Vojislav
V
Lekovic
Natasa
N
Nikolic-Jakoba
Danilo
D
Vojvodic
Aleksandra
A
Petkovic-Curcin
Mariano
M
Sanz
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000378:metabolism; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand