Parathyroid hormone (1-34) compensates the negative effect of smoking around implants.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone (PTH 1-34) on attenuating the influence of cigarette smoke on bone around titanium implants.


METHODS
Forty-eight female Wistar rats were used. At the beginning of the study, 15 animals were randomly assigned to Group 1 (control) and received subcutaneous injections of saline solution, three-times/week, after implant placement. The other animals received intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation (CSI), 60 days prior and 60 days after implant placement ( Al 2 O 3 -blasted titanium implants - 4.0 × 2.2 mm). After surgery, these animals were randomly assigned to: Group 2 - subcutaneous injections of saline solution, three-times/week (n = 16) and Group 3 - intermittent doses of PTH (1-34) (40 μg/Kg), three-times/week (n = 17). Animals were sacrificed 60 days after surgery, and degree of bone-to-implant contact (BIC), bone area (BA) within the limits of the threads and proportion of mineralized tissue (PMT) adjacent to the implants (500 μm wide zone) were separately obtained in cortical and cancellous bone.


RESULTS
Data analysis confirmed that CSI negatively affects bone around implants, as observed for BIC in cortical zone (Cohen's d (d) = -1.26) and for PMT in both zones (d = -6.09 and d = -4.46 for cortical and cancellous zones, respectively). In addition, in the presence of CSI, PTH (1-34) promoted the highest BIC in both regions and BA and PMT in cancellous bone (P < 0.05). The histometric parameter that was not influenced by both PTH and CSI (1-34) was BA in cortical bone (P > 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
In the presence of cigarette smoke, a factor related to poor bone healing and low bone density, PTH (1-34) increased bone volume around implants.
Dept. of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, School of Dentistry at Piracicaba, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
Liana Linhares
LL
Lima
Joao Batista
JB
César Neto
Ezymar Gomes
EG
Cayana
Francisco Humberto
FH
Nociti
Enilson Antônio
EA
Sallum
Márcio Zaffalon
MZ
Casati
D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery; D014025:Titanium
D015921:Dental Implants; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014025:Titanium