The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV infection.
HIV immune activation plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of the disease. The mechanisms driving this immune activation are partially defined and likely are the result of multiple factors. The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved the life expectancy of HIV infected individuals, however there is evidence that in the setting of "undetectable" HIV-RNA plasma levels, there is some level of persistent immune activation in these patients. A better understanding of the immune activation pathways should be of value in developing complementary therapies to restore the immune systems of patients with HIV infection. This review discusses the cytokine mediated pathways of immune activation of the CD4 and CD8 T cell pools during HIV infection.
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1360, United States. catalfam@mail.nih.gov
Marta
M
Catalfamo
Cecile
C
Le Saout
H Clifford
HC
Lane
D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines