A critical evaluation of the complex PTSD literature: implications for DSM-5.
Complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) has been proposed as a diagnosis for capturing the diverse clusters of symptoms observed in survivors of prolonged trauma that are outside the current definition of PTSD. Introducing a new diagnosis requires a high standard of evidence, including a clear definition of the disorder, reliable and valid assessment measures, support for convergent and discriminant validity, and incremental validity with respect to implications for treatment planning and outcome. In this article, the extant literature on CPTSD is reviewed within the framework of construct validity to evaluate the proposed diagnosis on these criteria. Although the efforts in support of CPTSD have brought much needed attention to limitations in the trauma literature, we conclude that available evidence does not support a new diagnostic category at this time. Some directions for future research are suggested.
National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA. Patricia.Resick@va.gov
Patricia A
PA
Resick
Michelle J
MJ
Bovin
Amber L
AL
Calloway
Alexandra M
AM
Dick
Matthew W
MW
King
Karen S
KS
Mitchell
Michael K
MK
Suvak
Stephanie Y
SY
Wells
Shannon Wiltsey
SW
Stirman
Erika J
EJ
Wolf
D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014481:United States