Angulated locking plate in periprosthetic proximal femur fractures: biomechanical testing of a new prototype plate.
BACKGROUND
To improve proximal plate fixation of periprosthetic femur fractures, a prototype locking plate with proximal posterior angulated screw positioning was developed and biomechanically tested.


METHODS
Twelve fresh frozen, bone mineral density matched human femora, instrumented with cemented hip endoprosthesis were osteotomized simulating a Vancouver B1 fracture. Specimens were fixed proximally with monocortical (LCP) or angulated bicortical (A-LCP) head-locking screws. Biomechanical testing comprised quasi-static axial bending and torsion and cyclic axial loading until catastrophic failure with motion tracking.


RESULTS
Axial bending and torsional stiffness of the A-LCP construct were (1,633 N/mm ± 548 standard deviation (SD); 0.75 Nm/deg ± 0.23 SD) at the beginning and (1,368 N/mm ± 650 SD; 0.67 Nm/deg ± 0.25 SD) after 10,000 cycles compared to the LCP construct (1,402 N/mm ± 272 SD; 0.54 Nm/deg ± 0.19 SD) at the beginning and (1,029 N/mm ± 387 SD; 0.45 Nm/deg ± 0.15) after 10,000 cycles. Relative movements for medial bending and axial translation differed significantly between the constructs after 5,000 cycles (A-LCP 2.09° ± 0.57 SD; LCP 5.02° ± 4.04 SD; p = 0.02; A-LCP 1.25 mm ± 0.33 SD; LCP 2.81 mm ± 2.32 SD; p = 0.02) and after 15,000 cycles (A-LCP 2.96° ± 0.70; LCP 6.52° ± 2.31; p = 0.01; A-LCP 1.68 mm ± 0.32; LCP 3.14 mm ± 0.68; p = 0.01). Cycles to failure (criterion 2 mm axial translation) differed significantly between A-LCP (15,500 ± 2,828 SD) and LCP construct (5,417 ± 7,236 SD), p = 0.03.


CONCLUSIONS
Bicortical angulated screw positioning showed less interfragmentary osteotomy movement and improves osteosynthesis in periprosthetic fractures.
AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos-Platz, Switzerland. mark.lenz@aofoundation.org
Mark
M
Lenz
Boyko
B
Gueorguiev
Steve
S
Joseph
Bas
B
van der Pol
Robert Geoff
RG
Richards
Markus
M
Windolf
Karsten
K
Schwieger
Piet
P
de Boer
D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001860:Bone Plates; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D057068:Periprosthetic Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*