Personalized therapies in pediatric inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Pediatric inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are a wide array of systemic or organ-specific conditions, characterized by an exaggerated immune reactivity, which generally occurs in immunogenetically predisposed children. Among the most important ones, in terms of their diffusion and morbidity in the population worldwide, pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) have to be considered. The aim of personalized therapy is to give to each patient the most appropriate drug and dose regimen, in order to maximize treatment response and reduce the risk of adverse events. In general, several therapeutic options exist for pediatric inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, therefore the perspective of pharmacological tools that allow identification of patients with increased risk of treatment issues related to a particular medication, in terms of lack of efficacy or increased probability of adverse events, is particularly desirable and promising. The present review will be focused on the personalized therapy approaches already available or in development for pediatric patients with IBD or JRA, comprising pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and pharmacogenetic assays.
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127 TS, Italy. gabriele.stocco@stjude.org
Gabriele
G
Stocco
Sara
S
De Iudicibus
Raffaella
R
Franca
Riccardo
R
Addobbati
Giuliana
G
Decorti
D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D055261:Immunogenetic Phenomena; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods*