The osteogenesis of bacterial cellulose scaffold loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2.
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a nanofibrous biological material with attractive physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. Its fiber is similar to the collagenous fiber of bone. To explore if BC could be utilized as a localized delivery system to increase the local concentration of cytokines for tissue engineering, we prepared the BC scaffold from Acetobacter xylinum X-2 (A. xylinum X-2) and investigated the osteogenic potential of the BC scaffold coated with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). The data showed that BC had a good biocompatibility and induced differentiation of mouse fibroblast-like C2C12 cells into osteoblasts in the presence of BMP-2 in vitro, as demonstrated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays. Within a certain range (0 ∼ 3 μg/scaffold), the osteogenic activity of induced osteoblasts was positively correlated to the concentrations of BMP-2. In in vivo subcutaneous implantation studies, BC scaffolds carrying BMP-2 showed more bone formation and higher calcium concentration than the BC scaffolds alone at 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. The ALP activity assay and the measurement of calcium concentration of BC scaffolds also showed that more new bone was developed in the BC scaffolds carrying BMP-2 than in the BC scaffolds alone. Our studies suggest that BC is a good localized delivery system for BMPs and would be a potential candidate in bone tissue engineering.
National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Center for Medical Devices Testing, Beijing 100050, PR China.
Qin
Q
Shi
Yang
Y
Li
Jie
J
Sun
Hua
H
Zhang
Lei
L
Chen
Bing
B
Chen
Huilin
H
Yang
Zhaoxu
Z
Wang
D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002482:Cellulose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D041822:Gluconacetobacter xylinus / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000639:trends; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D002482:Cellulose