[Effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on the serum lipid and apolipoprotein ratios in healthy young adults with different genotypes of APOA1 -75 G/A polymorphism].
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of a high-carbohydrate diet on the lipid and apolipoprotein ratios in healthy young adults with different genotypes of the polymorphism at -75 site in the promoter region of the gene of apolipoprotein AI (APOA1).


METHODS
Fifty-six subjects aged (22.89 +/- 1.80) years were given a wash-out diet for 7 days, followed by a high-carbohydrate diet for 6 days. The wash-out diet contained 15% protein, 31% fat, and 54% carbohydrate. The high-carbohydrate diet contained 15% protein, 15% fat, and 70% carbohydrate. Twelve-hour fasting serum lipids and apolipoproteins B100 and AI were measured on the mornings of the 1st, the 8th, and the 14th days from the beginning of the wash-out diet. The ratios of triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC)/HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C, and apolipoprotein B100 (APOB100)/apolipoprotein AI (APOAI) were calculated. The genome DNA was extracted and the polymorphism of APOA1 -75 G/A was determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay.


RESULTS
At baseline, the lipid and apolipoprotein ratios showed no significant differences between the GG genotype and the A carriers in males (P > 0.05), whereas the female A carriers had a significantly higher ratio of LDL-C/ HDL-C compared with the female subjects with the GG genotype (P < 0.05). Following the high-carbohydrate diet, significant decreases of TC/HDL-C were found in all the groups, regardless of sex and genotype (P < 0.01). LDL-C/HDL-C experienced significant decreases in both the genotypes in males (P < 0.05), while in females, significant decrease of LDL-C/HDL-C was only observed in A carriers (P < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
The A allele of the -75 G/A polymorphism in APOA1 may have specific effects on the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in females.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Yong-Yan
YY
Song
Guo-Jin
GJ
Ou
Ren-Rong
RR
Gong
Zhen
Z
Zhang
Min-Shan
MS
Hu
Mei
M
Fan
Yuan-Hao
YH
Li
Ding-Zhi
DZ
Fang
D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000235:genetics*; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult
C505693:APOA1 protein, human; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D008055:Lipids