ADHD treatments, sleep, and sleep problems: complex associations.
ADHD, sleep, and ADHD treatments are highly interrelated. In this review, we describe the effects of stimulants and non stimulant medications on sleep in children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD. Clinical predictors of sleep problems during pharmacotherapy include age, sleep problems prior to initiating treatment, and dose and dosing schedule. As yet, we have little understanding of the biological or genetic factors related to individual variation in drug response and sleep.
University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. mstein@uic.edu
Mark A
MA
Stein
Margaret
M
Weiss
Laura
L
Hlavaty
D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D011437:Propylamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology
D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D058647:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D011437:Propylamines; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride