Comparison of pain perceived when using pneumatic or silicone ring tourniquets for local anaesthetic procedures in the upper limb.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of pain felt when silicone ring and pneumatic tourniquets were applied to the upper arm and to determine which was more suitable for use in local anaesthetic procedures. Pain was measured using a visual analogue score pain scale on application and at 1, 5, and 10 minutes in 30 volunteers. Volunteers experienced significantly more pain on application and at 1 and 5 minutes with the silicone ring tourniquet. This difference in pain was most marked on application. Two volunteers could not tolerate application of the silicone ring tourniquet. We conclude that the silicone ring tourniquet would not be suitable for local anaesthetic procedures in the upper limb due to the severe pain experienced on application, which may reduce the patients' confidence and adversely affect their experience of the procedure. The pneumatic tourniquet is more suitable for local procedures.
Trauma and Orthopaedics Unit, Stockport NHS Foundation Trust, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport, UK. oliverjsmith@doctors.org.uk
O J
OJ
Smith
R
R
Heasley
G
G
Eastwood
S G
SG
Royle
D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D001132:Arm; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010292:Paresthesia / Q000209:etiology; D012828:Silicones; D014111:Tourniquets / Q000009:adverse effects*
D012828:Silicones