Methylomarinum vadi gen. nov., sp. nov., a methanotroph isolated from two distinct marine environments.
Two aerobic methane-oxidizing bacterial strains were isolated from distinct marine environments in Japan. Strains IT-4(T) and T2-1 were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, plump short rods or oval-shaped bacteria with a single polar flagellum and type I intracytoplasmic membranes. They were obligate methanotrophs that grew only on methane or methanol. Each strain possessed the particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO). The ribulose monophosphate pathway was operative for carbon assimilation. The strains grew best at 37 °C, and did not grow at 45 °C. NaCl was required for growth within a concentration range of 1-8 % (w/v). The major phospholipid fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c, and C16 : 1ω5t. The major isoprenoid quinone was MQ-8. The DNA G+C content was 50.9-51.7 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strains showed 99.4 % similarity to each other, and DNA-DNA hybridization analysis indicated that the strains were representatives of the same species. The 16S rRNA gene sequences were highly similar to some marine environmental sequences (94.0-97.7 % similarity), but did not show similarities more than 94 % with sequences of members of other related genera, such as Methylomicrobium, Methylobacter, Methylomonas and Methylosarcina. Phylogenies based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and deduced partial PmoA sequences, and the physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics revealed that strains IT-4(T) and T2-1 represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Methylococcaceae, for which the name Methylomarinum vadi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IT-4(T) ( = JCM 13665(T) = DSM 18976(T)).
Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Hisako
H
Hirayama
College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma-ku, Saitama-city, Saitama 337-8570, Japan.
Hiroyuki
H
Fuse
Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Mariko
M
Abe
Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Masayuki
M
Miyazaki
Chugai Technos Corp., 9-12 Yokogawa Shinmachi Nishi-ku, Hiroshima-City 733-0013, Japan.
Takamichi
T
Nakamura
Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Takuro
T
Nunoura
Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Yasuo
Y
Furushima
Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Hiroyuki
H
Yamamoto
Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan.
Ken
K
Takai
D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology; D060086:Hydrothermal Vents / Q000382:microbiology; D007564:Japan; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D008772:Methylococcaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D014871:Water Microbiology
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C024223:vitamin MK 8; D010105:Oxygenases; C021555:methane monooxygenase; D008697:Methane