High prevalence and resistance rates to antibiotics in anaerobic bacteria in specimens from patients with chronic balanitis.
Aim of the study was to assess both prevalence and antibiotic resistance in anaerobic bacteria from glans penis skin of 70 adults. Strain susceptibility was determined by breakpoint susceptibility test or E test. In 9 asymptomatic, 48 untreated and 13 treated symptomatic patients, anaerobes were found in 22.2%, 70.8% and 53.3%, respectively. Gram-positive strains (GPAs) were 2.2-fold more common than Gram-negative ones. Prevalent Gram-negative (GNAs) and GPAs were Prevotella spp. and anaerobic cocci, respectively. Clostridium difficile strain was found in an untreated patient. In GNAs, resistance rates to amoxicillin, metronidazole, clindamycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin, and amoxicillin/clavulanate were 42.1, 0, 52.6, 53.3, 86.7 and 5.2%, respectively. In GPAs, the resistance rates to metronidazole, clindamycin, tetracycline, levofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanate were 18.2, 34.1, 52.6, 36.8 and 0%, respectively. In conclusion, anaerobes were 1.6-fold more frequent in untreated symptomatic patients compared with other patients, suggesting their participation in development of chronic balanitis. GPAs were more common than GNAs. The resistance rates to amoxicillin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and levofloxacin were high. Most active agents were metronidazole and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Resistance in anaerobes varies according to sites of specimens and years of study.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria. l.boyanova@hotmail.com
Lyudmila
L
Boyanova
Angel
A
Mitev
Galina
G
Gergova
Grisha
G
Mateev
Ivan
I
Mitov
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D001446:Balanitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D055815:Young Adult
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D002981:Clindamycin; D000658:Amoxicillin; D013752:Tetracycline