Follow-up of neonates with total serum bilirubin levels ≥ 25 mg/dL: a Danish population-based study.
OBJECTIVE
To study if severe hyperbilirubinemia in infants with no or minor neurologic symptoms in the neonatal period affects children's development at the age of 1 to 5 years.


METHODS
Controlled descriptive follow-up study of a national cohort of Danish children. The exposed group consisted of all live-born infants in Denmark from 2004 to 2007 with a gestational age ≥ 35 weeks and severe hyperbilirubinemia in the neonatal period, defined as at least 1 measure of total serum bilirubin level ≥ 25 mg/dL during the first 3 weeks of life. The exposed group of 206 children was matched with a control group of 208 children. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), a method of evaluating the child's development, was filled in by parents. Main outcome measure was effect size of ASQ total score. Statistical analyses comprised a matched analysis of 102 pairs and a nonmatched regression analysis of all participants.


RESULTS
The response rate was 79% (n = 162 of 206) in the study group and 70% (n = 146 of 208) in the control group. Neither the matched nor the nonmatched analysis showed any statistically significant differences between the groups; the effect size of the total score was 0.04 (-0.24 to 0.32) and -0.04 (-0.26 to 0.19), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Using the parent-completed ASQ, we found no evidence of developmental delay in children aged between 1 and 5 years with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia compared with a matched control group.
Department of Paediatrics, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.  pkv@rn.dk.
Pernille Kure
PK
Vandborg
Bo Moelholm
BM
Hansen
Gorm
G
Greisen
Mia
M
Jepsen
Finn
F
Ebbesen
D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003718:Denmark; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D051556:Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D007647:Kernicterus / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012042:Registries; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D015415:Biomarkers; D001663:Bilirubin