Sexual harassment among young tourists visiting Mediterranean resorts.
Despite the known increase in substance use and risky sexual behaviors among young people during holiday periods, issues of sexual harassment (SH) and having sex against one's will (SAW) have not received adequate attention. We implemented a cross-sectional airport-based study to identify experience of SH and SAW in 6,502 British and German holidaymakers aged 16-35 years visiting tourist resorts in Southern Europe (Crete, Cyprus, Italy, Portugal, and Spain) in summer 2009. Across all participants, 8.6 % reported SH during their holiday and 1.5 % reported SAW. Women reported higher levels of SH than heterosexual males. However, gay and bisexual males reported SH levels similar to females and the highest levels of SAW. Of 19 predictor variables tested, ten were independently associated with SH. SH was increased in those who were visitors to Mallorca or Crete, British, younger, female, gay or bisexual, frequently drunk on holiday, cocaine users, and attracted to bars where people get drunk, or where there are opportunities for sex. Among 13 predictor variables tested for SAW, four were significant. SAW reduced in those visiting Cyprus, and was strongly associated with being a gay or bisexual male, using cannabis on holiday and being attracted to bars where there were opportunities for sex. Holiday resorts represent a key location for SH and SAW, especially for holidaymakers who get drunk and use drugs. Preventive programs can raise awareness of the risks of unwanted sexual encounters on holiday and work with the tourist industry and tourist authorities to develop environments where sexual aggression is not tolerated.
European Institute of Studies on Prevention Irefrea, Rambla, 15, 2º, 3ª 07003, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. irefrea@irefrea.org
Amador
A
Calafat
Karen
K
Hughes
Nicole
N
Blay
Mark A
MA
Bellis
Fernando
F
Mendes
Montse
M
Juan
Philip
P
Lazarov
Barbara
B
Cibin
Mari Angels
MA
Duch
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D055030:Drug Users / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006294:Health Resorts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006693:Holidays / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018452:Homosexuality, Female / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012309:Risk-Taking; D017406:Sexual Harassment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*