title: Protein and oil composition predictions of single soybeans by transmission Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: The soybean industry requires rapid, accurate, and precise technologies for the analyses of seed/grain constituents. While the current gold standard for nondestructive quantification of economically and nutritionally important soybean components is near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), emerging technology may provide viable alternatives and lead to next generation instrumentation for grain compositional analysis. In principle, Raman spectroscopy provides the necessary chemical information to generate models for predicting the concentration of soybean constituents. In this communication, we explore the use of transmission Raman spectroscopy (TRS) for nondestructive soybean measurements. We show that TRS uses the light scattering properties of soybeans to effectively homogenize the heterogeneous bulk of a soybean for representative sampling. Working with over 1000 individual intact soybean seeds, we developed a simple partial least-squares model for predicting oil and protein content nondestructively. We find TRS to have a root-mean-standard error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.89% for oil measurements and 0.92% for protein measurements. In both calibration and validation sets, the predicative capabilities of the model were similar to the error in the reference methods.
authors: The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors: Matthew V
authors: MV
authors: Schulmerich
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Walsh
authors: Matthew K
authors: MK
authors: Gelber
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Kong
authors: Matthew R
authors: MR
authors: Kole
authors: Sandra K
authors: SK
authors: Harrison
authors: John
authors: J
authors: McKinney
authors: Dennis
authors: D
authors: Thompson
authors: Linda S
authors: LS
authors: Kull
authors: Rohit
authors: R
authors: Bhargava
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D016208:Databases, Factual; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D016014:Linear Models; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D010940:Plant Proteins