title: Youth screen-time behaviour is associated with cardiovascular risk in young adulthood: the European Youth Heart Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We prospectively examined the association of TV viewing, computer use, and total screen time in adolescence, and change in these behaviours, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in young adulthood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This was a prospective cohort study among Danish men and women (n = 435) followed for up to 12 years. Adiposity, blood pressure (BP), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), glucose, insulin, and self-reported TV viewing and computer use were obtained in adolescence and in young adulthood. A continuous metabolic syndrome z-score was calculated as the sum of standardized values of each risk factor (inverse of HDL). In multivariable-adjusted analyses, TV viewing and total screen time in adolescence were positively associated with adiposity, triglycerides, and metabolic syndrome z-score in young adulthood (p < 0.05). Individuals who increased their TV viewing, computer use, or total screen time with more than 2 hours/day from adolescence to young adulthood had 0.90 (95% CI 0.12 to 1.69), 0.95 (95% CI 0.01 to 1.88), and 1.40 (95% CI 0.28 to 2.51) kg/m(2) higher body mass index, respectively, in young adulthood compared with individuals who remained stable or decreased their viewing time. Insulin and metabolic syndrome z-scores were also higher among individuals who increased their TV viewing, computer use, or total screen time more than 2 hours/day compared with individuals who remained stable or decreased their viewing time (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prolonged TV viewing and total screen time during leisure time in adolescence, and increases in these behaviours, are associated with unfavourable levels of several cardiovascular risk factors in young adulthood.
authors: University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors: Anders
authors: A
authors: Grøntved
authors: Mathias
authors: M
authors: Ried-Larsen
authors: Niels Christian
authors: NC
authors: Møller
authors: Peter Lund
authors: PL
authors: Kristensen
authors: Niels
authors: N
authors: Wedderkopp
authors: Karsten
authors: K
authors: Froberg
authors: Frank B
authors: FB
authors: Hu
authors: Ulf
authors: U
authors: Ekelund
authors: Lars B
authors: LB
authors: Andersen
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000367:Age Factors; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003201:Computers; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids