title: The effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate on enamel surface rehardening. An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Casein phosphopeptide stabilised amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) has been shown to  remineralise enamel subsurface lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a paste containing 10%  CPP-ACP (Toothmousse; GC) on enamel surface microhardness in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty enamel blocks  (3x2 mm) were prepared for the study group from the buccal surface of extracted teeth. The microhardness of the enamel  surface was determined for the specimens initially before artificial demineralisation. After demineralization the specimens  were incubated in 10% CPP-ACP for 5 min. Artificial saliva was used as a remineralising solution for the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean baseline surface microhardness analyses of enamel blocks were 318.61±25.75 and  262.49±26.82. The data show that after demineralisation the mean microhardness decline in the experimental groups  (247.05± 38.31 and 186.92± 63.77). The results showed that 10% CPP-ACP (281.79±26.32) was  comparable to the control (252.27± 31.05) for remineralisation of enamel subsurface lesions in vitro. The highest  surface microhardness recovery (%SMHR) was found for control, but the differences of % SMHR between  10% CPP-ACP and control was not statistically significant (p=0.805).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the results it can be  concluded that CPP-ACP may have positive effects on enamel remineralisation.
authors: Marmara University, Dental School, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey. bkargul@marmara.edu.tr
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Kargul
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Altinok
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Welbury
mesh_terms: D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002364:Caseins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000494:pharmacology; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000503:physiopathology; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D002482:Cellulose; C002283:hydroxyethylcellulose