title: X-ray enabled detection and eradication of circulating tumor cells with nanoparticles.
abstract: The early detection and eradication of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in cancer metastasis management. This paper describes a new nanoparticle-enabled technique for integrated enrichment, detection and killing of CTCs by using magnetic nanoparticles and bismuth nanoparticles, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and X-ray radiation. The nanoparticles are modified with tumor targeting agents and conjugated with tumor cells through folate receptors over-expressed on cancer cells. A permanent micro-magnet is used to collect CTCs suspended inside a flowing medium that contains phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or whole blood. The characteristic X-ray emissions from collected bismuth nanoparticles, upon excitation with collimated X-rays, are used to detect CTCs. Results show that the method is capable of selectively detecting CTCs at concentrations ranging from 100-100,000 cells/mL in the buffer solution, with a detection limit of ≈ 100 CTCs/mL. Moreover, the dose of primary X-rays can be enhanced to kill the localized CTCs by radiation induced DNA damage, with minimal invasiveness, thus making in vivo personalized CTC management possible.
authors: NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
authors: Mainul
authors: M
authors: Hossain
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Luo
authors: Zhaoyong
authors: Z
authors: Sun
authors: Chaoming
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Minghui
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Hanyu
authors: H
authors: Fu
authors: Yong
authors: Y
authors: Qiao
authors: Ming
authors: M
authors: Su
mesh_terms: D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016923:Cell Death / Q000528:radiation effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014964:X-Ray Therapy
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D001729:Bismuth