title: Energy intake and expenditure during sedentary screen time and motion-controlled video gaming.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Television watching and playing of video games (VGs) are associated with higher energy intakes. Motion-controlled video games (MC) may be a healthier alternative to sedentary screen-based activities because of higher energy expenditures, but little is known about the effects of these games on energy intakes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Energy intake, expenditure, and surplus (intake - expenditure) were compared during sedentary (television and VG) and active (MC) screen-time use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Young adults (n = 120; 60 women) were randomly assigned to the following 3 groups: television watching, playing traditional VGs, or playing MCs for 1 h while snacks and beverages were provided. Energy intakes, energy expenditures, and appetites were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intakes across these 3 groups showed a trend toward a significant difference (P = 0.065). The energy expenditure (P < 0.001) was higher, and the energy surplus (P = 0.038) was lower, in MC than in television or VG groups. All conditions produced a mean (±SD) energy surplus as follows: 638 ± 408 kcal in television, 655 ± 533 kcal in VG, and 376 ± 487 kcal in MC groups. The OR for consuming ≥500 kcal in the television compared with the MC group was 3.2 (95% CI: 1.2, 8.4). Secondary analyses, in which the 2 sedentary conditions were collapsed, showed an intake that was 178 kcal (95% CI: 8, 349 kcal) lower in the MC condition than in the sedentary groups (television and VG).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MCs may be a healthier alternative to sedentary screen time because of a lower energy surplus, but the playing of these games still resulted in a positive energy balance. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01523795.
authors: Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA. ellyons@utmb.edu
authors: Elizabeth J
authors: EJ
authors: Lyons
authors: Deborah F
authors: DF
authors: Tate
authors: Dianne S
authors: DS
authors: Ward
authors: Xiaoshan
authors: X
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013690:Television; D018910:Video Games; D055815:Young Adult