title: De novo renal cell carcinoma of native kidneys in renal transplant recipients: a single-center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our study aimed to determine the incidence of de novo renal cell carcinoma in the native kidneys of patients transplanted at our center and to identify possible risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective, single-center cohort study, which included patients transplanted at the District Hospital in Poznan, Poland, during 1994-2011, among whom 836 were selected. Sixty-three patients with confirmed de novo cancer were found. Of those, 11 had renal cell carcinoma in the native kidney (1.3%) and 2 in the transplanted kidney (0.2%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean follow-up was 10 ± 3.2 years. Mean age at renal cell carcinoma diagnosis was 52 ± 9.4 years, and mean time from transplant was 3 ± 2.6 years. A statistical analysis showed no significant differences in demographic or clinical characteristics between renal cell carcinoma and noncancer group, except for the prevalence of male sex and smoking in the cancer group (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal cell carcinoma development in the native kidney seems to be an early event, frequently observed within 4 to 5 years after transplant. We believe that kidneys in renal transplant recipients should be routinely screened by ultrasound for early diagnosis.
authors: Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Fredry 10, 60-701 Poznan, Poland. drkarczewski@gmail.com
authors: Marek
authors: M
authors: Karczewski
authors: Piotr
authors: P
authors: Rzymski
authors: Jacek
authors: J
authors: Karczewski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography