title: Chronic lithium feeding reduces upregulated brain arachidonic acid metabolism in HIV-1 transgenic rat.
abstract: HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rats, a model for human HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), show upregulated markers of brain arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism with neuroinflammation after 7 months of age. Since lithium decreases AA metabolism in a rat lipopolysaccharide model of neuroinflammation, and may be useful in HAND, we hypothesized that lithium would dampen upregulated brain AA metabolism in HIV-1 Tg rats. Regional brain AA incorporation coefficients k* and rates J                         (                            in                         ), markers of AA signaling and metabolism, were measured in 81 brain regions using quantitative autoradiography, after intravenous [1-(14) C]AA infusion in unanesthetized 10-month-old HIV-1 Tg and age-matched wildtype rats that had been fed a control or LiCl diet for 6 weeks. k* and J                         (                            in                         ) for AA were significantly higher in HIV-1 Tg than wildtype rats fed the control diet. Lithium feeding reduced plasma unesterified AA concentration in both groups and J                         (                            in                         ) in wildtype rats, and blocked increments in k* (19 of 54 regions) and J                         (                            in                         ) (77 of 81 regions) in HIV-1 Tg rats. These in vivo neuroimaging data indicate that lithium treatment dampened upregulated brain AA metabolism in HIV-1 Tg rats. Lithium may improve cognitive dysfunction and be neuroprotective in HIV-1 patients with HAND through a comparable effect.
authors: Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bldg. 9, Rm. 1S126 MSC 0947, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors: Epolia
authors: E
authors: Ramadan
authors: Mireille
authors: M
authors: Basselin
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Chang
authors: Mei
authors: M
authors: Chen
authors: Kaizong
authors: K
authors: Ma
authors: Stanley I
authors: SI
authors: Rapoport
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1; D018021:Lithium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D018021:Lithium Chloride