title: Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference 2012: recommendations for the management of pain by intrathecal (intraspinal) drug delivery: report of an interdisciplinary expert panel.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of intrathecal (IT) infusion of analgesic medications to treat patients with chronic refractory pain has increased since its inception in the 1980s, and the need for clinical research in IT therapy is ongoing. The Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference (PACC) panel of experts convened in 2000, 2003, and 2007 to make recommendations on the rational use of IT analgesics based on preclinical and clinical literature and clinical experiences.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PACC panel convened again in 2011 to update the standard of care for IT therapies to reflect current knowledge gleaned from literature and clinical experience. A thorough literature search was performed, and information from this search was provided to panel members. Analysis of published literature was coupled with the clinical experience of panel members to form recommendations regarding the use of IT analgesics to treat chronic pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a review of literature published from 2007 to 2011 and discussions of clinical experience, the panel created updated algorithms for the rational use of IT medications for the treatment of neuropathic pain and nociceptive pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The advent of new algorithmic tracks for neuropathic and nociceptive pain is an important step in improving patient care. The panel encourages continued research and development, including the development of new drugs, devices, and safety recommendations to improve the care of patients with chronic pain.
authors: Center for Pain Relief, Charleston, WV 25301, USA. doctdeer@aol.com
authors: Timothy R
authors: TR
authors: Deer
authors: Joshua
authors: J
authors: Prager
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Levy
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Rathmell
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Buchser
authors: Allen
authors: A
authors: Burton
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Caraway
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Cousins
authors: José
authors: J
authors: De Andrés
authors: Sudhir
authors: S
authors: Diwan
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Erdek
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Grigsby
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Huntoon
authors: Marilyn S
authors: MS
authors: Jacobs
authors: Philip
authors: P
authors: Kim
authors: Krishna
authors: K
authors: Kumar
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Leong
authors: Liong
authors: L
authors: Liem
authors: Gladstone C
authors: GC
authors: McDowell
authors: Sunil
authors: S
authors: Panchal
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Rauck
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Saulino
authors: B Todd
authors: BT
authors: Sitzman
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Staats
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Stanton-Hicks
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Stearns
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Wallace
authors: K Dean
authors: KD
authors: Willis
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Witt
authors: Tony
authors: T
authors: Yaksh
authors: Nagy
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authors: Mekhail
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics