title: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-and now?: a systematic literature review of changes in craniofacial morphology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a systematic literature review on the impact of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) on craniofacial morphology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Several electronic databases (PubMed, Medpilot, Web of Science, DIMDI) were systematically searched for studies that were published up to and including May 2011. In addition, a manual search of the orthodontic and rheumatologic literature was conducted, and reference lists of the selected articles were checked for relevant publications. The identified articles were independently assessed by two investigators and selected according to a three-step process (title/abstract/full text).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After completion of the selection procedure, 19 articles were identified possessing great heterogeneity. In most of them, no differentiated analysis of the various JIA subtypes was performed, and type-specific analyses according to mandibular joint effects were seldom. Additional factors such as patient age, disease duration, medication, previous orthodontic treatment as well as the inclusion of a control group were also highly inhomogeneous, which made a meta-analysis of the data impossible. Nevertheless, it appears as if JIA patients tend to develop a hyperdivergent vertical jaw base relationship and a skeletal Class II pattern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the heterogeneous patient samples, it is currently not possible to draw a differentiated conclusion on the influence of various types of JIA on craniofacial morphology.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, Medical Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany. Julia.v.bremen@dentist.med.uni-giessen.de
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: von Bremen
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: Ruf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007574:Jaw Relation Record; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents