title: Effects of mesenchymal stem cells in critical size bone defect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare culture-expanded, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) loaded to biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) bone ceramic in the repair of rat calvarial bone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Critical-size (7 mm dia.) calvarial defects were prepared in the frontal-parietal bones of 90 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, according to defect filling, as follows: Group I (n = 21), BCP; Group II (n = 21), BCP+PRP; Group III (n = 21), BCP+MSC; Group IV (n = 21), BCP+PRP+MSC; Group V (n = 6) (control), no treatment. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 8 and 12 weeks postsurgery and bone regeneration was evaluated both histologically and immunohistochemically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant differences were observed in bone osteoblastic activity in calvarial defects among the groups (p < 0.05). PRP and MSC used in combination with BCP as a defect filling resulted in greater osteoblastic bone formation activity when compared to the use of BCP alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of mesenchymal stem cells, platelet rich plasma and synthetic bone substitute was found to be more effective in inducing new bone formation (osteogenesis) than the use of platelet rich plasma combined with synthetic bone substitute and the use of synthetic bone substitute alone.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey. serkanagacayak@gmail.com
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Agacayak
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Gulsun
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Ucan
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Karaoz
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Nergiz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000494:pharmacology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D010294:Parietal Bone / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018786:Bone Substitutes; C558777:BoneCeramic; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins