title: Hepatic contrast medium enhancement at computed tomography and its correlation with various body size measures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When the same dose of iodine is given to all patients when performing abdominal computed tomography (CT) there may be a wide inter-individual variation in contrast medium (CM) enhancement of the liver.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate if any of the measures body height (BH), body mass index (BMI), lean body mass (LBM), ideal body weight (IBW), and body surface area (BSA) correlated better than body weight (BW) with hepatic enhancement, and to compare the enhancement when using iodixanol and iomeprol.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred patients referred for standard three-phase CT examination of abdomen were enrolled. Body weight and height were measured at the time of the CT examination. Forty grams of iodine (iodixanol 320 mg I/mL or iomeprol 400 mg I/mL) was injected at a rate of 1.6 g-I/s, followed by a 50 mL saline flush. The late arterial phase was determined by using a semi-automatic smart prep technique with a scan delay of 20 s. The hepatic parenchymal phase started automatically 25 s after the late arterial phase. CM concentration was estimated by placement of regions of interest in aorta (native and late arterial phase) and in liver (native and parenchymal phase).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BW (r = -0.51 and -0.64), LBM (r = -0.54 and -0.59), and BSA (r = -0.54 and -0.65) showed the best correlation coefficients with aortic and hepatic parenchymal enhancement, respectively, without any significant differences between the measures. Comparing iodixanol and iomeprol there was no significant difference in aortic enhancement. The liver enhancement was significantly higher (P < 0.05) using iodixanol than iomeprol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To achieve a consistent hepatic enhancement, CM dose may simply be adjusted to body weight instead of using more complicated calculated parameters based on both weight and height.
authors: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology at Karolinska Institutte, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. anders.svensson@karolinska.se
authors: Anders
authors: A
authors: Svensson
authors: Jallo
authors: J
authors: Nouhad
authors: Kerstin
authors: K
authors: Cederlund
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Aspelin
authors: Ulf
authors: U
authors: Nyman
authors: Jonas
authors: J
authors: Björk
authors: Brismar B
authors: BB
authors: Torkel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D001837:Body Weights and Measures / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007479:Iopamidol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; C057937:iomeprol; C044834:iodixanol; D007479:Iopamidol