title: Effects of a multi-component responsible beverage service programme on violent assaults in Sweden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A multi-component Responsible Beverage Service (RBS) programme has been disseminated in Swedish municipalities. The aim of the programme is to reduce violence associated with consumption of alcohol at on-licensed premises. This study aimed to analyse the effect of the programme on police-recorded assaults after the dissemination of the programme in Swedish municipalities, 1996-2009.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a natural experiment that uses variation in the level of implementation of the RBS programme to predict change in the rate of police-recorded assaults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Swedish municipalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  The municipalities included in the study initiated the RBS programme no later than 2008. On-licensed premises open during the evenings must exist. Of 290 municipalities, 237 fulfilled these requirements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Programme fidelity was studied by means of several surveys. Yearly data on police-recorded assaults, per 100,000 inhabitants aged 15 and above, committed on weekend nights, were used as dependent variable. A fixed-effects panel data regression model was used to examine the effect of the programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each extension of the programme, by one component, was associated with a significant 3.1% reduction in assaults. However, this effect was seen mainly in smaller municipalities. Of the different components of the programme, the presence of a community coalition steering group had a significant effect on assaults. No significant effect was found regarding RBS training or supervision of on-licensed premises.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multi-component Responsible Beverage Service programmes can have a significant effect on police-recorded assaults even when implemented on a large scale in many communities.
authors: Stockholm Prevents Alcohol and Drug Problems, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Stockholm County Council Health Care Provision/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. bjorn.trolldal@ki.se
authors: Björn
authors: B
authors: Trolldal
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Brännström
authors: Mallie J
authors: MJ
authors: Paschall
authors: Håkan
authors: H
authors: Leifman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D003415:Crime / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011633:Public Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012941:Social Responsibility; D013548:Sweden; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult