title: Subjectively and objectively measured sleep with and without posttraumatic stress disorder and trauma exposure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although reports of sleep disturbances are common among individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), results of polysomnographic (PSG) studies have inconsistently documented abnormalities and have therefore suggested "sleep state misperception." The authors' study objectives were to compare sleep parameters measured objectively and subjectively in the laboratory and at home in civilians with and without trauma exposure and PTSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  PSG recordings in a sleep laboratory and actigraphic recordings in participants' homes.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred three urban-residing African Americans with and without trauma exposure and PTSD who participated in a larger study.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sleep parameters (total sleep time [TST], sleep onset latency [SOL], and wake after sleep onset [WASO]) were assessed using laboratory PSG and home actigraphy. A sleep diary was completed in the morning after PSG and actigraphy recordings. Habitual TST, SOL, and WASO were assessed using a sleep questionnaire. The Clinician Administered PTSD Scale was administered to assess participants' trauma exposure and PTSD diagnostic status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants, regardless of their trauma exposure/PTSD status, underestimated WASO in the diary and questionnaire relative to actigraphy and overestimated SOL in the diary relative to PSG. Among participants with current PTSD, TST diary estimates did not differ from the actigraphy measure in contrast with those without current PTSD who overestimated TST. No other significant group differences in discrepancies between subjective and objective sleep measures were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Discrepancies between subjectively and objectively measured sleep parameters were not associated with trauma exposure or PTSD. This challenges prior assertions that individuals with PTSD overreport their sleep disturbances.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors: Ihori
authors: I
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Edward
authors: E
authors: Huntley
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Lavela
authors: Thomas A
authors: TA
authors: Mellman
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult