title: pH-controlled delivery of gentamicin sulfate from orthopedic devices preventing nosocomial infections.
abstract: Since the beginning of the 1970s, controlled release technology has witnessed great advancement, and motivated numerous researchers in materials science. These systems overcome the drawbacks of traditional drug dosage form, and offer more effective and favorable methods to optimize drug delivery in optimum dose to specific sites or to prolong delivery duration. This paper deals with the synthesis of pH-controlled drug delivery systems for bone implant, allowing the local release of gentamicin sulfate (GS), an antibiotic commonly used to prevent infections during orthopedic surgeries. We present a biomaterial synthesis allowing the controlled release of GS at the site of surgical implantation (over an adjustable period of time). In our design, spherical nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized by the chosen antibiotic (Gentamicin sulfate, GS), are chemically anchored to the biomaterial surface. A cleavage reaction of the chemical bond between NPs and GS, effected by the contact of material with a solution presenting an acidic pH (in the case of infection, there is a decrease of the physiological medium pH), induces controlled release of the bioactive molecule in its native form. In this paper, we discuss the synthesis of a bioactive titanium based biomaterial in general, and the grafting of the NPs onto the titanium surfaces in particular. We have paid particular attention to the characterization of the drug surface density and the release kinetic of the active molecule as a function of the pH. In vitro bacterial growth inhibition tests after GS delivery at acidic pH (with Staphylococcus aureus) have also been carried out in order to prove the efficiency of such biomaterials.
authors: CNRS UMR 5248 CBMN, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, Université de Bordeaux 1, 2 rue Robert Escarpit F-33607 Pessac cedex, France. lpichavant@enscbp.fr
authors: Loïc
authors: L
authors: Pichavant
authors: Gilles
authors: G
authors: Amador
authors: Cédric
authors: C
authors: Jacqueline
authors: Brigitte
authors: B
authors: Brouillaud
authors: Valérie
authors: V
authors: Héroguez
authors: Marie-Christine
authors: MC
authors: Durrieu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005839:Gentamicins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D014025:Titanium