title: The effects of oral plain kefir supplementation on proinflammatory cytokine properties of the hyperglycemia Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to validate the effect of plain kefir on immune responses of hyperglycemia wistar rats induced by Streptozotocin.
  
  
  METHODS
  the randomized pretest - posttest control group study design was conducted in male hyperglycemia Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Rats were randomized into four groups: (1) STZ-induced group were given insulin treatment 0.76 UI/200 g bw, (2) STZ-induced group and treated with plain kefir 3.6 cc/200 g bw/day for 30 days, (3) STZ-induced group as control, (4) normal animal group as a negative control. Blood glucose was measured from whole blood that was taken 0.1 ml from retroorbitalis vein by microhematocrit on day 1 (pretest) and day 30 (post test) by enzymatic methods. Immune responses (cytokines IL1, IL6, IL10, TNF) were measured by ELISA. Data were analyzed by one way Anova, Mann Whitney test and Duncan with significant level of p<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  plain kefir supplementation 3.6 cc/day affect blood glucose, proinflamatory cytokines (IL1, IL6, TNF) and antiinflamatory cytokine (IL10). Statistical analysis showed decrease of glucose -111.00±44.23 ml (p<0.001) and proinflamatory cytokines IL1 about -18.62±23.59 and IL6 -3.21±7.57 mU/mL (p<0.001), respectively compared to the control groups. TNF decreased 1.65±4.62 mU/mL, but not significant (p>0.05), except for controls group. In addition, antiinflammatory (IL10) showed also increase about 15.11±2.16 (p<0.05), except for the control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  plain kefir supplementation significantly decreased blood glucose, level of cytokines (IL1, IL6) and lowered TNF level. On the contrary, the level of IL10 is increased compare to control groups.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University-Karijadi Hospital. Jl. Dr. Sutomo No. 16, Semarang, Indonesia. phd_med_undip@yahoo.com
authors: Suharyo
authors: S
authors: Hadisaputro
authors: R R J
authors: RR
authors: Djokomoeljanto
authors: Judiono
authors: Marsetyawan H N E
authors: MH
authors: Soesatyo
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D043302:Cultured Milk Products; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D013311:Streptozocin