title: The relationship of purpose in life and hope in shaping happiness among patients with cancer in Poland.
abstract: The authors investigated the relationship of purpose of life, and hope in the happiness and life satisfaction of patients with cancer during or following cancer treatment. Fifty cancer patients were interviewed during recovery in two Warsaw medical centers. The primary measures used were Purpose in Life Test, Herth Hope Index, Happiness and Social Well-Being tools by Czapiński, and the Cantril Ladder of Satisfaction with Life, as well as medical and demographic measures. Purpose in life was correlated with measures of happiness, and satisfaction with life. Hope was correlated with current happiness, and four measures of satisfaction with life. Patients who had cancer longer, that is, duration of disease, showed lower scores for purpose in life, and number of friends. The longer the time of cancer treatment, the lower were patients' scores for desire for life. Purpose in life and hope were positively correlated with eleven measures of happiness and satisfaction in life. The cancer variables negatively correlated with loss of friends and six variables of happiness, and satisfaction in life, suggesting the impact that having cancer treatment had on patients' lives. Psychological support in the cancer center was helpful to patients in and out of treatment.
authors: Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors: Marcin
authors: M
authors: Wnuk
authors: Jerzy T
authors: JT
authors: Marcinkowski
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Fobair
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D033062:Friends; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011044:Poland; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012944:Social Support; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult