title: Biochemical and metabolic profiles of Trichoderma strains isolated from common bean crops in the Brazilian Cerrado, and potential antagonism against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
abstract: Some species of Trichoderma have successfully been used in the commercial biological control of fungal pathogens, e.g., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, an economically important pathogen of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The objectives of the present study were (1) to provide molecular characterization of Trichoderma strains isolated from the Brazilian Cerrado; (2) to assess the metabolic profile of each strain by means of Biolog FF Microplates; and (3) to evaluate the ability of each strain to antagonize S. sclerotiorum via the production of cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs), volatile antibiotics, and dual-culture tests. Among 21 isolates, we identified 42.86% as Trichoderma asperellum, 33.33% as Trichoderma harzianum, 14.29% as Trichoderma tomentosum, 4.76% as Trichoderma koningiopsis, and 4.76% as Trichoderma erinaceum. Trichoderma asperellum showed the highest CWDE activity. However, no species secreted a specific group of CWDEs. Trichoderma asperellum 364/01, T. asperellum 483/02, and T. asperellum 356/02 exhibited high and medium specific activities for key enzymes in the mycoparasitic process, but a low capacity for antagonism. We observed no significant correlation between CWDE and antagonism, or between metabolic profile and antagonism. The diversity of Trichoderma species, and in particular of T. harzianum, was clearly reflected in their metabolic profiles. Our findings indicate that the selection of Trichoderma candidates for biological control should be based primarily on the environmental fitness of competitive isolates and the target pathogen.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74001-970, Brazil.
authors: Fabyano Alvares Cardoso
authors: FA
authors: Lopes
authors: Andrei Stecca
authors: AS
authors: Steindorff
authors: Alaerson Maia
authors: AM
authors: Geraldine
authors: Renata Silva
authors: RS
authors: Brandão
authors: Valdirene Neves
authors: VN
authors: Monteiro
authors: Murillo
authors: M
authors: Lobo
authors: Alexandre Siqueira Guedes
authors: AS
authors: Coelho
authors: Cirano José
authors: CJ
authors: Ulhoa
authors: Roberto Nascimento
authors: RN
authors: Silva
mesh_terms: D000898:Antibiosis; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000254:growth & development*; D044822:Biodiversity; D001938:Brazil; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D055442:Metabolome; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal