title: Associations between spousal or significant other solicitous responses and opioid dose in patients with chronic pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary aim of this study was to determine the effects of spouse or significant other solicitous responses on morphine equivalent dose among adults with chronic pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation center.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cohort included 466 consecutively admitted patients who had a spouse or significant other and were using daily opioids. Intervention. Three-week outpatient pain rehabilitation program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Solicitous subscale of the Multidimensional Pain Inventory and morphine equivalent dose upon admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean solicitous subscale score and morphine equivalent dose were 49.8 (standard deviation [SD] = 8.7) and 118mg/day (SD =149), respectively. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that greater subscale scores were associated with greater doses of opioids (P = 0.007). In a multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, years of education, employment status, pain duration, depression, and pain severity, the association retained significance (P = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest solicitous responses from a spouse or significant other may have an important influence on opioid dose among adults with chronic pain.
authors: Department of Pharmacy, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors: Julie L
authors: JL
authors: Cunningham
authors: Sarah E
authors: SE
authors: Hayes
authors: Cynthia O
authors: CO
authors: Townsend
authors: Heidi J
authors: HJ
authors: Laures
authors: W Michael
authors: WM
authors: Hooten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012944:Social Support; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine