title: Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser and professional fluoride application on enamel demineralization and on fluoride retention.
abstract: This study evaluated the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation and professional fluoride application on enamel demineralization and on fluoride formation and retention. In a blind in vitro study, 264 human enamel slabs were distributed into 8 groups: G1--untreated; G2--treated with acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF gel, 1.23% F) for 4 min; G3, G4 and G5--irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG at 2.8, 5.6 and 8.5 J/cm2, respectively; G6, G7 and G8--preirradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG at 2.8, 5.6 and 8.5 J/cm2, respectively, and subjected to APF gel application. Twenty slabs of each group were submitted to a pH-cycling regimen, and enamel demineralization was evaluated in 10 slabs of each group. In the other 10 slabs, CaF2-like material was determined. To evaluate F formed, 10 additional slabs of each group, not subjected to the pH cycling, were submitted to analysis of CaF2-like material and fluorapatite, while the other 3 slabs of each group were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The F content was also measured in all pH-cycling solutions. Laser at 8.5 J/cm2 and APF treatment reduced enamel demineralization compared to the control (p < 0.05), but the combination of these treatments was not more efficient than their isolated effect. A higher concentration of retained CaF2-like material was found in laser groups followed by APF in comparison with the APF gel treatment group. The findings suggest that laser treatment at 8.5 J/cm2 was able to decrease hardness loss, even though no additive effect with APF was observed. In addition, laser treatment increased the formation and retention of CaF2 on dental enamel.
authors: Universidade Federal do ABC, UFABC, Santo André, Brazil.
authors: P A
authors: PA
authors: Ana
authors: C P M
authors: CP
authors: Tabchoury
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Cury
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: Zezell
mesh_terms: D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001031:Apatites / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects; D002124:Calcium Fluoride / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017736:Ion-Selective Electrodes; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride; C025105:fluorapatite; D002124:Calcium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides