title: Caveolin-1 suppresses human immunodeficiency virus-1 replication by inhibiting acetylation of NF-κB.
abstract: Caveolin-1 is an integral membrane protein primarily responsible for the formation of membrane structures known as caveolae. Caveolae are specialized lipid rafts involved in protein trafficking, cholesterol homeostasis, and a number of signaling functions. It has been demonstrated that caveolin-1 suppresses HIV-1 protein expression. We found that co-transfecting cells with HIV-1 and caveolin-1 constructs, results in a marked decrease in the level of HIV-1 transcription relative to cells transfected with HIV-1 DNA alone. Correspondingly, reduction of endogenous caveolin-1 expression by siRNA-mediated silencing resulted in an enhancement of HIV-1 replication. Further, we observed a loss of caveolin-mediated suppression of HIV-1 transcription in promoter studies with reporters containing mutations in the NF-κB binding site. Our analysis of the posttranslational modification status of the p65 subunit of NF-κB demonstrates hypoacetylation of p65 in the presence of caveolin-1. Since hypoacetylated p65 has been shown to inhibit transcription, we conclude that caveolin-1 inhibits HIV-1 transcription through a NF-κB-dependent mechanism.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.
authors: Glenn E
authors: GE
authors: Simmons
authors: Harry E
authors: HE
authors: Taylor
authors: James E K
authors: JE
authors: Hildreth
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: C495540:CAV1 protein, human; D051242:Caveolin 1; D016328:NF-kappa B