title: Monoclonal antibodies as novel neurotherapeutic agents in CNS injury and repair.
abstract: Central nervous system (CNS) injury is a complex in which numerous neurochemicals and other vasoactive agents actively contribute towards the development of posttraumatic brain pathology and/or repair mechanisms. A focal trauma to the brain or spinal cord releases several endogenous neurodestructive agents within the CNS, resulting in adverse cellular reactions. Our laboratory is engaged in identifying these endogenous neurodestructive signals in the CNS following injury caused by trauma or hyperthermia. Our observations show that serotonin (5-HT), dynorphin A (Dyn A 1-17), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) could be potential neurodestructive signals in the CNS injury. Thus, neutralization of these agents using monoclonal antibodies directed against 5-HT, NOS, Dyn A (1-17), and TNF-α in vivo will result in marked neuroprotection and enhance neurorepair after trauma. In addition, a suitable combination of monoclonal antibodies, for example, NOS and TNF-α, when applied 60-90 min after trauma, is capable to enhance neuroprotective ability and thwart cell and tissue injury after spinal cord insult. Taken together, our novel observations suggest a potential use of monoclonal antibodies as suitable therapeutic agents in CNS injuries to achieve neuroprotection and/or neurorepair.
authors: Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors: Aruna
authors: A
authors: Sharma
authors: Hari Shanker
authors: HS
authors: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000266:history / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000276:immunology; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000276:immunology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000276:immunology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000276:immunology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012701:Serotonin; D004399:Dynorphins; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I