title: Systems-level analysis of Escherichia coli response to silver nanoparticles: the roles of anaerobic respiration in microbial resistance.
abstract: Despite extensive use of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial applications, cellular mechanisms underlying microbial response to silver nanoparticles remain to be further elucidated at the systems level. Here, we report systems-level response of Escherichia coli to silver nanoparticles using transcriptome-based biochemical and phenotype assays. Notably, we provided the evidence that anaerobic respiration is induced upon exposure to silver nanoparticles. Further we showed that anaerobic respiration-related regulators and enzymes play an important role in E. coli resistance to silver nanoparticles. In particular, our results suggest that arcA is essential for resistance against silver NPs and the deletion of fnr, fdnH and narH significantly increases the resistance. We envision that this study offers novel insights into modes of antimicrobial action of silver nanoparticles, and cellular mechanisms contributing to the development of microbial resistance to silver nanoparticles.
authors: School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore.
authors: Huamao
authors: H
authors: Du
authors: Tat-Ming
authors: TM
authors: Lo
authors: Johnner
authors: J
authors: Sitompul
authors: Matthew Wook
authors: MW
authors: Chang
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D050901:Nitrate Reductase; D009572:Nitrite Reductases / Q000235:genetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C060704:FNR protein, E coli; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C041610:arcA protein, E coli; D012834:Silver; C022302:cytochrome C-552; D009572:Nitrite Reductases; C079730:NirB protein, E coli; D050901:Nitrate Reductase; C494404:napA protein, E coli; D010100:Oxygen