title: Interprofessional education in introductory pharmacy practice experiences at US colleges and schools of pharmacy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the extent to which US colleges and schools of pharmacy are incorporating interprofessional education into their introductory pharmacy practice experiences (IPPEs), and to identify barriers to implementation; characterize the format, structure, and assessment; and identify factors associated with incorporating interprofessional education in IPPEs.
  
  
  METHODS
  An electronic survey of 116 US colleges and schools of pharmacy was conducted from March 2011 through May 2011.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interprofessional education is a stated curricular goal in 78% of colleges and schools and consistently occurred in IPPEs in 55%. Most colleges and schools that included interprofessional education in IPPEs (70%) used subjective measures to assess competencies, while 17.5% used standardized outcomes assessment instruments. Barriers cited by respondents from colleges and schools that had not implemented interprofessional education in IPPEs included a lack of access to sufficient healthcare facilities with interprofessional education opportunities (57%) and a lack of required personnel resources (52%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many US colleges and schools of pharmacy have incorporated interprofessional education into their IPPEs, but there is a need for further expansion of interprofessional education and better assessment related to achievement of interprofessional education competencies in IPPEs.
authors: Union University School of Pharmacy, Jackson, TN 38305, USA. kjones@uu.edu
authors: Kim M
authors: KM
authors: Jones
authors: Donald K
authors: DK
authors: Blumenthal
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Burke
authors: Michelle
authors: M
authors: Condren
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Hansen
authors: Monica
authors: M
authors: Holiday-Goodman
authors: Charles D
authors: CD
authors: Peterson
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003479:Curriculum; D003625:Data Collection; D004512:Education, Pharmacy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D012580:Schools, Pharmacy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States