title: Photodynamic inactivation of planktonic cultures and biofilms of Candida albicans mediated by aluminum-chloride-phthalocyanine entrapped in nanoemulsions.
abstract: New drug delivery systems, such as nanoemulsions (NE), have been developed to allow the use of hydrophobic drugs on the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. This study evaluated the photodynamic potential of aluminum-chloride-phthalocyanine (ClAlPc) entrapped in cationic and anionic NE to inactivate Candida albicans planktonic cultures and biofilm compared with free ClAlPc. Fungal suspensions were treated with different delivery systems containing ClAlPc and light emitting diode. For planktonic suspensions, colonies were counted and cell metabolism was evaluated by XTT assay. Flow cytometry evaluated cell membrane damage. For biofilms, the metabolic activity was evaluated by XTT and ClAlPc distribution through biofilms was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Fungal viability was dependent on the delivery system, superficial charge and light dose. Free ClAlPc caused photokilling of the yeast when combined with 100 J cm(-2). Cationic NE-ClAlPc reduced significantly both colony counts and cell metabolism (P < 0.05). In addition, cationic NE-ClAlPc and free ClAlPc caused significant damage to the cell membrane (P < 0.05). For the biofilms, cationic NE-ClAlPc reduced cell metabolism by 70%. Anionic NE-ClAlPc did not present antifungal activity. CLSM showed different accumulation on biofilms between the delivery systems. Although NE system showed a lower activity for planktonic culture, cationic NE-ClAlPc showed better results for Candida biofilms.
authors: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, SP, Brazil.
authors: Ana Paula Dias
authors: AP
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Mariana Carvalho
authors: MC
authors: Andrade
authors: Julhiany de Fátima
authors: Jde F
authors: da Silva
authors: Janaina Habib
authors: JH
authors: Jorge
authors: Fernando Lucas
authors: FL
authors: Primo
authors: Antonio Cláudio
authors: AC
authors: Tedesco
authors: Ana Cláudia
authors: AC
authors: Pavarina
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D004655:Emulsions; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008027:Light; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000737:chemistry; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010933:Plankton / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D055672:Static Electricity
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D007211:Indoles; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C044797:chloroaluminum phthalocyanine