title: Anti-inflammatory effect of oleuropein in experimental rat spinal cord trauma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal cord injury stimulates an inflammatory reaction that causes substantial secondary damage inside the injured spinal tissue. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of oleuropein on traumatized spinal cord.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were randomly divided into four groups of 7 rats each as follows: Sham-operated group, trauma group, and oleuropein treatment groups (20 mg/kg, ip, immediately and 1 hour after spinal cord injury). Spinal cord samples were taken 24 hours after injury and studied for immunohistochemistry of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), nitrotyrosine, inducible nitricoxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Attenuated TNF-α, IL-1ß, nitrotyrosine, iNOS, COX-2, and PARP expression could be detected in the oleuropein-treated rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oleuropein modulates inflammatory reactions following spinal cord injury.
authors: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Khazar Boulevard, Sari, Iran.
authors: A R
authors: AR
authors: Khalatbary
authors: Gh R
authors: GR
authors: Zarrinjoei