title: Identification of multiple RIG-I-specific pathogen associated molecular patterns within the West Nile virus genome and antigenome.
abstract: The ability of viruses to control and/or evade the host antiviral response is critical to the establishment of a productive infection. One of the strategies utilized by West Nile virus (WNV) to circumvent the host response is to evade detection by the pathogen recognition receptor RIG-I early in infection. To begin elucidating the mechanisms by which WNV eludes detection, we undertook a systematic analysis of the WNV genome and antigenome to identify RIG-I-specific pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Multiple segments of the WNV genome and anitigenome induced a RIG-I-specific antiviral response. However, incorporation of the stimulatory regions into larger RNAs substantially reduced their capacity to activate RIG-I. These results suggested that WNV evades the host response by sequestering RIG-I-specific PAMPs within the complete genome and antigenome at early times post-infection. Furthermore, activation of the RIG-I pathway may require the liberation of PAMPs by the cell's normal RNA processing pathways.
authors: Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, United States.
authors: Jennifer German
authors: JG
authors: Shipley
authors: Rianna
authors: R
authors: Vandergaast
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Deng
authors: Roy A
authors: RA
authors: Mariuzza
authors: Brenda L
authors: BL
authors: Fredericksen
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C452820:RIGI protein, human; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases