title: Effects of ethanol on the properties of platelets and endothelial cells in model experiments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate effects of ethanol on activity markers of atherosclerosis in an in vitro endothelial cell model.
  
  
  METHODS
  After 24 h incubation with ethanol (0.0095%), human umbilical vein endothelial cells were stimulated for 1 h with lipopolysaccharide, and were then incubated in direct contact with activated platelets. Following this incubation, the expression of CD40L and CD62P on platelets, and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), and membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) on endothelial cells were measured by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increased expression of VCAM-1 and uPAR on endothelial cells by proinflammatory stimulation with activated platelets was significantly reduced through pre-incubation with ethanol (P < 0.05). Furthermore, platelets in direct contact with ethanol and with endothelial cells pre-incubated in ethanol showed a significant reduction in their CD40L expression (P < 0.05). Ethanol had no significant effect on ICAM-1 and MT1-MMP expression on endothelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ethanol directly attenuates platelet activation and has significant endothelial cell-mediated effects on selected markers of atherosclerosis in vitro. These findings underline possible protective effects of ethanol on atherosclerosis.
authors: Ksenija Stach, Elif Elmas, Martin Borggrefe, Thorsten Kälsch, First Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
authors: Ksenija
authors: K
authors: Stach
authors: Anna-Isabelle
authors: AI
authors: Kälsch
authors: Christel
authors: C
authors: Weiß
authors: Elif
authors: E
authors: Elmas
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Borggrefe
authors: Thorsten
authors: T
authors: Kälsch