title: Intermittent explosive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiologic studies of adults show that DSM-IV intermittent explosive disorder (IED) is a highly prevalent and seriously impairing disorder. Although retrospective reports in these studies suggest that IED typically begins in childhood, no previous epidemiologic research has directly examined the prevalence or correlates of IED among youth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To present epidemiologic data on the prevalence and correlates of IED among US adolescents in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement.
  
  
  METHODS
  United States survey of adolescent (age, 13-17 years) DSM-IV anxiety, mood, behavior, and substance disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dual-frame household-school samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 6483 adolescents (interviews) and parents (questionnaires).
  
  
  METHODS
  The DSM-IV disorders were assessed with the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly two-thirds of adolescents (63.3%) reported lifetime anger attacks that involved destroying property, threatening violence, or engaging in violence. Of these, 7.8% met DSM-IV/CIDI criteria for lifetime IED. Intermittent explosive disorder had an early age at onset (mean age, 12.0 years) and was highly persistent, as indicated by 80.1% of lifetime cases (6.2% of all respondents) meeting 12-month criteria for IED. Injuries related to IED requiring medical attention reportedly occurred 52.5 times per 100 lifetime cases. In addition, IED was significantly comorbid with a wide range of DSMIV/CIDI mood, anxiety, and substance disorders, with 63.9% of lifetime cases meeting criteria for another such disorder. Although more than one-third (37.8%) of adolescents with 12-month IED received treatment for emotional problems in the year before the interview, only 6.5% of respondents with 12-month IED were treated specifically for anger.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intermittent explosive disorder is a highly prevalent, persistent, and seriously impairing adolescent mental disorder that is both understudied and undertreated. Research is needed to uncover risk and protective factors for the disorder, develop strategies for screening and early detection, and identify effective treatments.
authors: Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors: Katie A
authors: KA
authors: McLaughlin
authors: Jennifer Greif
authors: JG
authors: Green
authors: Irving
authors: I
authors: Hwang
authors: Nancy A
authors: NA
authors: Sampson
authors: Alan M
authors: AM
authors: Zaslavsky
authors: Ronald C
authors: RC
authors: Kessler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000786:Anger; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data