title: The role of cognitive biases and personality variables in subclinical delusional ideation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A number of cognitive biases, most notably a data gathering bias characterised by "jumping to conclusions" (JTC), and the "bias against disconfirmatory evidence" (BADE), have been shown to be associated with delusions and subclinical delusional ideation. Certain personality variables, particularly "openness to experience", are thought to be associated with schizotypy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using structural equation modelling, we examined the association between two higher order subfactors ("aspects") of "openness to experience" (labelled "openness" and "intellect"), these cognitive biases, and their relationship to subclinical delusional ideation in 121 healthy, nonpsychiatric controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results suggest that cognitive biases (specifically the data gathering bias and BADE) and the "openness" aspect are independently associated with subclinical delusional ideation, and the data gathering bias is weakly associated with "positive schizotypy". "Intellect" is negatively associated with delusional ideation and might play a potential protective role.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive biases and personality are likely to be independent risk factors for the development of delusions.
authors: Schizophrenia Program and Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, Canada. Mahesh_menon@camh.net
authors: Mahesh
authors: M
authors: Menon
authors: Lena Catherine
authors: LC
authors: Quilty
authors: John Anthony
authors: JA
authors: Zawadzki
authors: Todd Stephen
authors: TS
authors: Woodward
authors: Helen Moriah
authors: HM
authors: Sokolowski
authors: Heather Shirley
authors: HS
authors: Boon
authors: Albert Hung Choy
authors: AH
authors: Wong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D003071:Cognition; D003657:Decision Making; D003702:Delusions / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010551:Personality; D011340:Problem Solving