title: Is there a therapeutic window for pentoxifylline after the onset of acute pancreatitis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) in experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) starting drug administration after the induction of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred male Wistar rats were submitted to taurocholate-induced AP and divided into three groups: Group Sham: sham-operated rats, Group Saline: AP plus saline solution, and Group PTX: AP plus PTX. Saline solution and PTX were administered 1 hour after induction of AP. At 3 hours after AP induction, peritoneal levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 levels were assayed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Determinations of lung myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), histological analysis of lung and pancreas, and mortality study were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTX administration 1 hour after induction of AP caused a significant decrease in peritoneal levels of TNF-α and in serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 when compared to the saline group. There were no differences in lung MPO activity between the two groups with AP. A decrease in mortality was observed in the PTX treatment compared to the saline group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of PTX after the onset of AP decreased the systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokines, raising the possibility that there is an early therapeutic window for PTX after the initiation of AP.
authors: Laboratory of Liver Transplantation and Experimental Surgery, Department of Gastroenterology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Ana Maria Mendonça
authors: AM
authors: Coelho
authors: Tiago Alexandre
authors: TA
authors: Kunitake
authors: Marcel Cerqueira Cesar
authors: MC
authors: Machado
authors: Joilson Oliveira
authors: JO
authors: Martins
authors: Rosely Antunes
authors: RA
authors: Patzina
authors: Luiz Augusto Carneiro
authors: LA
authors: D'Albuquerque
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Jukemura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects; D019283:Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D010431:Pentoxifylline