title: Long-term outcomes of shamanic treatment for temporomandibular joint disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are chronic, often refractory, pain conditions affecting the jaw and face. Patients least likely to respond to allopathic treatment have the most marked biologic responsiveness to external stressors and concomitant psychosocial and emotional difficulties. From a shamanic healing perspective, this describes individuals who are thought to be "dispirited" and may benefit from this ancient form of spiritual healing.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report on the long-term quantitative and qualitative outcomes relative to end-of-treatment status of a phase I study that evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of shamanic healing for people with TMDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were contacted by telephone at one, three, six, and nine months after treatment and asked to report pain and disability outcomes and qualitative feedback.
  
  
  METHODS
  Portland, OR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three women aged 25 to 55 years diagnosed with TMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants rated their TMD-related pain and disability (on the TMD Research Diagnostic Criteria Axis II Pain Related Disability and Psychological Status Scale) at each follow-up call and were asked to describe their condition qualitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improvements in usual pain, worst pain, and functional impairment reported at end of treatment did not change during the 9 months after treatment ended (p > 0.18).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Shamanic healing had lasting effects on TMDs in this small cohort of women.
authors: Center for Health Research-Northwest, Portland, OR, USA. nancy.vuckovic@intel.com
authors: Nancy H
authors: NH
authors: Vuckovic
authors: Louise A
authors: LA
authors: Williams
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Schneider
authors: Michelle
authors: M
authors: Ramirez
authors: Christina M
authors: CM
authors: Gullion
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009922:Oregon; D010147:Pain Measurement; D019423:Shamanism; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome