title: Muscle dysmorphia in Hungarian non-competitive male bodybuilders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Muscle dysmorphia (MD) has been described as a male body image disorder, characterized by a pathological preoccupation with muscle size.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to examine the MD features, eating disorder characteristics and body attitudes in non-competitive male bodybuilders in a Hungarian sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty male bodybuilders and 60 undergraduate university students completed the self-report questionnaires of the Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale, the Body Attitude Test and the Eating Disorders Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MD was associated with current bodybuilding activity, higher ideal body weight and eating disorder characteristics. Moreover, current selfreported steroid users displayed higher tendency for MD symptoms than self-reported steroid non-users.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results emphasize the relationship between MD symptoms, eating disorder characteristics and steroid use. MD and body image related concerns among men could be a wide-spread phenomena also in the Central-Eastern European region.
authors: Semmelweis University, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. bernadett.babusa@gmail.com
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Babusa
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Túry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D045930:Anabolic Agents; D056352:Athletes / Q000523:psychology*; D057215:Body Dysmorphic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001828:Body Image; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents