title: Racial and ethnic disparities in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Racial and ethnic health disparities are a national health issue. They are well described in other chronic diseases, but in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), research into their causes, outcomes, and elimination is in its early stages. Health disparities occur in a complex milieu, with system-level, provider-level, and individual-level factors playing roles. Dissecting the overlapping aspects of race/ethnicity, socioeconomic variables, and how their individual components combine to explain the magnitude of disparities in RA can be challenging. Recent research has focused on the extent to which treatment preferences, adherence, trust in physicians, patient-physician communication, health literacy, and depression have contributed to observed disparities in RA. Practicing evidence-based medicine, improving patient-physician communication skills, reducing language and literacy barriers, improving adherence to therapies, raising awareness of racial/ethnic disparities, and recognizing comorbidities such as depression are steps clinicians may take to help eliminate racial/ethnic disparities in RA.
authors: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 3500 Terrace St., S720A BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. mcburneyca@upmc.edu
authors: Christine A
authors: CA
authors: McBurney
authors: Ernest R
authors: ER
authors: Vina
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D005006:Ethnicity; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D058015:Health Communication; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology