title: Expression of bone-morphogenetic protein 2 and tumor necrosis factor α correlates with bone metastases in bladder urothelial carcinoma.
abstract: We have investigated the role of bone-morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in 33 patients with bladder cancer (BCa) with bone metastasis. Thirty nonmetastatic BCas were included as controls. Immunohistochemical staining with BMP-2 and TNF-α was performed. Expressions of the factors were quantified and studied statistically. As a result, a trend showing higher expression of BMP-2 and TNF-α was associated with advanced disease. Expressions of BMP-2 and TNF-α were significantly higher in BCa with bone metastases (P = .0002 and P = .0172, respectively). The expression of BMP-2 and TNF-α showed a direct correlation in metastatic and muscle-invasive cases (P = .0202 and P = .0004, respectively) but not in nonmetastatic or noninvasive BCa (P = .1834 and P = .9215, respectively). It is postulated that BMP-2 can be responsible for the mechanism involved in triggering bone metastasis in BCa. The correlation with TNF-α indicates that the interaction of the 2 factors may promote local invasion and distant metastasis, especially to bone.
authors: Division of Orthopedia, Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Nanjing Medical University, PR China.
authors: Zheng-jie
authors: ZJ
authors: Yang
authors: Feng-xiang
authors: FX
authors: Liu
authors: Yu-sheng
authors: YS
authors: Yang
authors: Xiao
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Guo-xing
authors: GX
authors: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha