title: Advanced glycation end product accumulation in the cardiomyocytes of heart failure patients with and without diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-enzymatic coupling of protein and lipid cellular structures with glucose leading to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) plays a role in aging and the development of diabetic complications, but its contribution to myocardial pathology is unclear. We aimed to assess the role of heart failure on AGE formation in patients with or without diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Heart tissue specimens from 136 patients undergoing transplantation were grouped as follows: 14 cases of ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and DM2, 8 cases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and DM2, 67 cases of ICM without DM2, and 47 cases of DCM without DM2. Fourteen heart samples were from the autopsies of patients with DM2 without heart disease, and 20 heart samples were from organ donors in whom the heart was wasted. AGE deposits were localized immunohistochemically counted using a semiquantitative scale and characterized by their staining pattern.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive staining was present in all samples from both cardiomyopathy groups with DM2, in 71% of healthy hearts from the DM2 subjects, in 51% of ICM non-diabetic hearts, and in 38% of DCM non-diabetic hearts, and in only 15% of the organ donors. Mixed-diffuse and granular AGE patterns were characteristic for DM2, while a diffuse pattern was more frequently observed in heart failure patients without diabetes. The semiquantitative results supported increased AGE accumulation in patients with DM2 and/or cardiomyopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The amount of AGE in cardiomyocytes increases significantly in both diabetes and heart failure, with a staining pattern typical for each condition.
authors: Silesian Center for Heart Disease, Zabrze, Poland.
authors: Jerzy
authors: J
authors: Nożyński
authors: Michał
authors: M
authors: Zakliczyński
authors: Dominika
authors: D
authors: Konecka-Mrowka
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: Zielinska
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Zakliczynska
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Nikiel
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Mlynarczyk-Liszka
authors: Andrzej
authors: A
authors: Mrowka
authors: Ewa
authors: E
authors: Zembala-Nozynska
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Pijet
authors: Kinga
authors: K
authors: Rdzanowska
authors: Dariusz
authors: D
authors: Lange
authors: Roman
authors: R
authors: Przybylski
authors: Marian
authors: M
authors: Zembala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced