title: Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics: role of mutational analysis in anti-cancer targeted therapy.
abstract: The goal of cancer pharmacogenomics is to obtain benefit from personalized approaches of cancer treatment and prevention. Recent advances in genomic research have shed light on the crucial role of genetic variants, mainly involving genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters and targets, in driving different treatment responses among individuals, in terms of therapeutic efficacy and safety. Although a considerable amount of new targeted agents have been designed based on a finely understanding of molecular alterations in cancer, a wide gap between pharmacogenomic knowledge and clinical application still persists. This review focuses on the relevance of mutational analyses in predicting individual response to antitumor therapy, in order to improve the translational impact of genetic information on clinical practice.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro--Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari, Italy. annalisa.savonarola@gmail.com
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Savonarola
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Palmirotta
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Guadagni
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Silvestris
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000235:genetics; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C522504:EML4-ALK fusion protein, human; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors