title: Early maladaptive schemas and functional impairment in remitted bipolar disorder patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research indicates that low self-esteem is associated with functional impairment in remitted bipolar disorder patients. The present study aimed to elucidate this area further by exploring the relationship between different self-schemas and key functional outcome domains.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study consisted of 49 remitted bipolar disorders patients who completed the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Version (YSQ-S3) and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the schemas Social Isolation, Failure to Achieve, Dependence, Vulnerability to Harm and Illness, Emotional Inhibition, Insufficient Self-Control, and Pessimism accounted for 28% of the variance in functional impairment when controlling for length of remission and subsyndromal depressive symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The WSAS as a self-report scale measures the patients' perception of own functioning and is therefore not an objective measure of functioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings delineate specific psychological vulnerabilities which are likely to be implicated in functional impairment in bipolar disorder and as such warrant further examination in terms of their causal mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
authors: Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 16, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. kahr@psy.au.dk
authors: Kristine Kahr
authors: KK
authors: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012649:Self Concept; D012934:Social Isolation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires