title: Noninvasive measurement of human brain temperature adjacent to arteriovenous malformation using 3.0T magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The brain temperature at rest is determined by the balance between heat produced by cerebral energy turnover, which is identical to cerebral metabolism, and heat that is removed, primarily by cerebral blood flow. The present study investigated whether brain temperature measured by proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy can detect cerebral hemodynamic impairment in patients with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) as shown by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Brain temperature, cerebral blood flow, and cerebrovascular reactivity were measured using proton MR spectroscopy and SPECT in five healthy volunteers and six patients with AVMs. Regions of interest were selected adjacent to the AVMs and in the corresponding contralateral region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Brain temperature around AVMs was calculated in all subjects using MR spectroscopy. The mean brain temperature in volunteers was 37.1±0.41°C. A significant correlation was observed between brain temperature ratio (affected side/contralateral side) and cerebrovascular reactivity ratio (affected side/contralateral side) (r=-0.82, p=0.0480).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brain temperature measured by proton MR spectroscopy can detect cerebral hemodynamic impairment in patients with AVMs. Further investigations regarding the relationships between brain temperature and clinical feature in patients with AVMs are needed.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Kohnan Hospital, Sendai, Japan. tainoue@kohnan-sendai.or.jp
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Inoue
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Shimizu
authors: Miki
authors: M
authors: Fujimura
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Saito
authors: Yoshichika
authors: Y
authors: Yoshioka
authors: Tsuyoshi
authors: T
authors: Matsuda
authors: Teiji
authors: T
authors: Tominaga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D001831:Body Temperature; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020367:Iofetamine; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D020367:Iofetamine