title: Review: In vivo models for measuring placental glutatione-S-transferase (GST-P 7-7) levels: a suitable biomarker for understanding cancer pathogenesis.
abstract: The Glutatione-S-transferases (GSTs) comprise a family of enzymes closely associated with the cell detoxification of xenobiotics. GSTs exist as homo- or heterodimers and have been grouped into at least seven distinct classes. The main function of GSTs is to catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to an electrophilic site of a broad range of potentially toxic and carcinogenic compounds, thereby making such compounds less dangerous and enabling their ready-excretion. Placental GST, known as GST-P 7-7, is the main isoform found in normal placental tissue and comprises 67% of the total GST concentration in this tissue. During development, GST-P 7-7 decreases in concentration and is absent in adult tissues. Interestingly, GST-P 7-7 expression has been detected in adult tissues after exposure to carcinogenic agents in several experimental test systems, being considered a reliable biomarker of exposure and susceptibility in early phases of carcinogenesis. In this article, we review a series of studies involving GST-P 7-7 expression as a suitable tool for understanding cancer pathogenesis, especially cancer risk.
authors: Department of Pathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, SP, Brazil.
authors: Juliana
authors: J
authors: Noguti
authors: Luis Fernando
authors: LF
authors: Barbisan
authors: Augusto
authors: A
authors: Cesar
authors: Camilo
authors: C
authors: Dias Seabra
authors: Rodrigo Brasil
authors: RB
authors: Choueri
authors: Daniel Araki
authors: DA
authors: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002384:Catalysis; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000201:enzymology*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione