title: Effect of a preoperative self-catheterization video on anxiety: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine if a clean intermittent self-catheterization (CISC) instructional video could improve anxiety in women undergoing prolapse and/or incontinence surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 199 women were randomized to preoperative CISC video or routine counseling prior to prolapse/incontinence surgery. Patient anxiety, satisfaction, and concerns about CISC were evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S) and study-specific visual analog scale (VAS) questions at four perioperative time points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  STAI-S and VAS anxiety measures were similar at baseline between groups; no significant differences were seen by group at any time point. STAI-S scores varied considerably over time, with highest scores at voiding trial failure and lowest scores at postoperative visit. Women in the video group had improved STAI-S scores and reported less worry and more comfort with CISC immediately following video viewing. Women with anxiety/depression had higher STAI-S scores at voiding trial failure and discharge and reported less anxiety reduction following video viewing compared to non-anxious/non-depressed peers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women undergoing prolapse/incontinence surgery have significant perioperative anxiety, which is exacerbated by voiding trial failure. Preoperative CISC video viewing decreases anxiety scores immediately following viewing, but this effect is not sustained at voiding trial failure. Women with baseline anxiety/depression exhibit less anxiety score improvement after video viewing and have overall higher anxiety scores perioperatively.
authors: Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh-School of Medicine, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors: Sallie S
authors: SS
authors: Oliphant
authors: Jerry L
authors: JL
authors: Lowder
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Ghetti
authors: Halina M
authors: HM
authors: Zyczynski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D057928:Intermittent Urethral Catheterization / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery*; D014743:Videotape Recording