title: Comparison of midazolam alone versus midazolam plus propofol during endoscopic submucosal dissection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For proper sedation during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), propofol has been widely used. This study aimed to compare the levels of sedation and tolerance of patients treated with midazolam (M group) and a combination of midazolam and propofol (MP group) during ESD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 44 consecutive patients undergoing ESD were randomly assigned to the two groups. In the M group, 2 mg of midazolam was given repeatedly to maintain after a loading dose of 5 mg. The MP group initially received 5 mg of midazolam and 20 mg of propofol. Then, we increased the dosage of propofol by 20 mg gradually.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average amount of midazolam was 12 mg in the M group. In the M group, 10 patients were given propofol additionally, since they failed to achieve proper sedation. The average amount of propofol was 181 mg in the MP group. Procedure time, vital signs and rates of complications were not significantly different between two groups. Movement of patients and discomfort were lower in the MP group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During ESD, treatment with propofol and a low dose of midazolam for sedation provides greater satisfaction for endoscopists compared to midazolam alone.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
authors: Young Shim
authors: YS
authors: Cho
authors: Euikeun
authors: E
authors: Seo
authors: Jung-Ho
authors: JH
authors: Han
authors: Soon Man
authors: SM
authors: Yoon
authors: Hee Bok
authors: HB
authors: Chae
authors: Seon Mee
authors: SM
authors: Park
authors: Sei Jin
authors: SJ
authors: Youn