title: Hypolipidemic effects of andrographolide and neoandrographolide in mice and rats.
abstract: Andrographolide (AND) and neoandrographolide (NEO) are the diterpenoids from the Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae). It is reported the diterpenoids exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypolipidemic effect of AND and NEO in hyperlipidemic mice induced by 75% yolk emulsion and in hyperlipidemic rats induced by high fat emulsion, respectively. The results showed that the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were reduced by AND and NEO in a dose-dependent tendency in mice. Compared with the model group, the plasma TC levels of experimental groups with AND and NEO at 100 mg/kg dosage decreased by 23.9 and 20.2% in rats, respectively (P < 0.05). It was also found that the plasma aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels were significantly decreased by feeding with AND and NEO in rats, compared with positive group (simvastatin) (P < 0.01). Otherwise, AND and NEO could protect the cardiovascular due to down-regulation of iNOS expression and up-regulation of eNOS expression. In conclusion, AND and NEO have potent hypolipidemic effects and protect the cardiovascular without significant liver damage.
authors: MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, The Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PRC.
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Yang
authors: Hai-xia
authors: HX
authors: Shi
authors: Zheng-tao
authors: ZT
authors: Wang
authors: Chang-hong
authors: CH
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D035685:Andrographis / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004224:Diterpenes; D005960:Glucosides; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D014280:Triglycerides; C030419:andrographolide; D002784:Cholesterol; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; C082497:neoandrographolide