title: The prevalence and correlation of carotid artery calcification on panoramic radiographs and peripheral arterial disease in a population from the Republic of Korea: the Dong-gu study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of carotid artery calcification (CAC) detected on panoramic radiographs and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), and to evaluate the difference in the prevalence of PAD between patients with CAC and patients without CAC detectable by panoramic radiograph.
  
  
  METHODS
  The surveyed population consisted of 4078 subjects aged 50 years and older (1410 males and 2668 females) who underwent medical and dental examination in Gwangju city, South Korea. Two oral and maxillofacial radiologists interpreted the panoramic radiographs for the presence of carotid artery calcification. A trained research technician measured the ankle-brachial index (ABI). An ABI <0.9 in either leg was considered evidence of PAD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of CAC on panoramic radiographs was 6.2% and that of PAD was 2.6%. Subjects with CAC had a significantly higher prevalence of PAD than those without CAC (5.5% vs 2.4%, respectively). The presence of CAC on panoramic radiographs was associated with PAD (odds ratio 1.84; 95% confidence interval 1.01-3.36) after adjusting for potential confounders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CACs detected on panoramic radiographs were positively associated with PAD in middle-aged and older Korean adults.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Institute, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors: J-S
authors: JS
authors: Lee
authors: O-S
authors: OS
authors: Kim
authors: H-J
authors: HJ
authors: Chung
authors: Y-J
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: S-S
authors: SS
authors: Kweon
authors: Y-H
authors: YH
authors: Lee
authors: M-H
authors: MH
authors: Shin
authors: S-J
authors: SJ
authors: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology