title: Virological and molecular characterization of a simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) encoding the envelope and reverse transcriptase genes from HIV-1.
abstract: Simian-human immunodeficiency virus encoding both reverse transcriptase (RT) and envelope genes of HIV-1 (RT Env SHIV) is important for evaluating biomedical prevention modalities for HIV/AIDS. We describe virological characterization of a clade B RT Env SHIV following infection of macaques via multiple routes. In vivo passage of the RT Env SHIV through Indian rhesus macaque enhanced infectivity. Expanded virus had minimal envelope heterogeneity and was inhibited by NNRTIs and CCR5 antagonists. Infection of macaques with RT Env SHIV via mucosal or intravenous routes resulted in stable infection accompanied by peak plasma viremia of approximately 5×10(6) copies/ml that was controlled beyond set point. Molecular homogeneity of the virus was maintained following in vivo passage. Inhibition of RT Env SHIV by RT and entry inhibitors and ease of in vivo transmission make it a useful model for testing the efficacy of combinations of entry and RT inhibitors in nonhuman primates.
authors: Advanced BioScience Laboratories Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Ranajit.pal@ablinc.com
authors: Ranajit
authors: R
authors: Pal
authors: Lindsey
authors: L
authors: Galmin
authors: Lara E
authors: LE
authors: Pereira
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Li
authors: Jining
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Li
authors: Jesse
authors: J
authors: Francis
authors: Janet M
authors: JM
authors: McNicholl
authors: Deborah E
authors: DE
authors: Weiss
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia / Q000821:virology; D014774:Virulence; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase