title: Are allergenic disperse dyes used for dyeing textiles?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are no data showing that disperse dyes, used to patch test patients, are currently being used for dyeing synthetic garments. It is unknown whether disperse dyes, which are currently routinely patch tested, are in fact present in synthetic textiles on the market.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether eight disperse dyes, hitherto most widely cited as allergenic, are still used in textiles that are sold in various countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Textiles from 13 countries in Europe, Asia and the United States were analysed. The procedure used for dye identification was thin-layer chromatography. When there were matching spots from the textile extract and reference dye, high-performance liquid chromatography was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 121 analysed items, three showed positive results for some of the investigated disperse dyes. Four dyes in these items could be detected and confirmed by the use of high-performance liquid chromatography. A pair of light brown ladies' tights manufactured and purchased in Italy contained Disperse Yellow 3, Disperse Blue 124, and Disperse Blue 106, and a set of black bra and panties purchased in India contained Disperse Orange 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The eight disperse dyes that are most frequently incriminated in textile dye dermatitis are very rarely used in textiles nowadays.
authors: Vilnius University Antakalnis Hospital Allergy Centre, Vilnius LT-10200, Lithuania. laura.malinauskiene@med.lu.se
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Malinauskiene
authors: Erik
authors: E
authors: Zimerson
authors: Magnus
authors: M
authors: Bruze
authors: Kristina
authors: K
authors: Ryberg
authors: Marléne
authors: M
authors: Isaksson
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003020:Clothing / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000209:etiology*; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007558:Italy; D010328:Patch Tests / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents