title: Management of acute rhinosinusitis.
abstract: Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is one of the most common reasons for physician visits and for significant school absenteeism, although precise data on its prevalence and incidence are still lacking. RS is defined as acute if there are symptoms lasting <12 wk with complete resolution. Superinfection by bacteria following a viral infection is the most important mechanism of ARS. Diagnosis of ARS should be made on clinical grounds alone. Typically, acute bacterial RS is self-limited and goes through spontaneous recovery within 4 wk. Recognizing the occurrence of bacterial superinfections of the sinuses during a common viral respiratory infection is fundamental to making the decision to start an appropriate antibiotic treatment. Topical treatments such as saline irrigation, nasal decongestants, steroids, antihistamines, and fungicides are all in widespread pediatric use, but analyzing the literature gives poor evidence of efficacy, except for topical steroids. RS is a multifactorial condition that poses a diagnostic and management challenge to infectivologist and ear-nose-throat specialists as well as to pediatricians.
authors: Allergy Unit, A. Meyer Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 24, Florence, Italy.
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Mori
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Fiocchi
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Barni
authors: Gianfranco
authors: G
authors: Beghi
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Caddeo
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Calcinai
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Contestabile
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: de Martino
authors: Neri
authors: N
authors: Pucci
authors: Maria Elisabetta
authors: ME
authors: Rossi
authors: Luigi
authors: L
authors: Terracciano
authors: Elio
authors: E
authors: Novembre
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D015163:Superinfection; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents