title: Ganoderma lucidum extract induces G1 cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells.
abstract: Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst is a traditional Chinese herb that has been widely used for centuries to treat various diseases including cancer. Herein, an ethanol-soluble and acidic component (ESAC), which mainly contains triterpenes, was prepared from G. lucidum and its anti-tumor effects in vitro were tested on human breast cancer cells. Our results showed that ESAC reduced the cell viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner with IC(50) of about 100 μg/mL and 60 μg/mL, respectively. DNA damage was detected by Comet assay and the increased expression of γ-H2AX after ESAC treatment was determined in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, ESAC effectively mediated G1 cell cycle arrest in both concentration- and time-dependent manners and induced apoptosis as determined by Hoechst staining, DNA fragment assay and Western blot analysis in MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, ESAC exerts anti-proliferation effects by inducing DNA damage, G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, China.
authors: Guosheng
authors: G
authors: Wu
authors: Zhengming
authors: Z
authors: Qian
authors: Jiajie
authors: J
authors: Guo
authors: Dejun
authors: D
authors: Hu
authors: Jiaolin
authors: J
authors: Bao
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Xie
authors: Wenshan
authors: W
authors: Xu
authors: Jinjian
authors: J
authors: Lu
authors: Xiuping
authors: X
authors: Chen
authors: Yitao
authors: Y
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D059585:G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008517:Phytotherapy; D020940:Reishi
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D001688:Biological Products; C468783:H2AX protein, human; D006657:Histones