title: Phytochemicals analysis and medicinal potentials of hydroalcoholic extract from Curtisia dentata (Burm.f) C.A. Sm Stem Bark.
abstract: Curtisia dentata (CD) is a vulnerable medicinal plant used for the treatment of stomach ailments in South Africa. However, there is a lack of sufficient data on its phytochemical components and medicinal properties. The phytochemical analysis of the extract was estimated using standard assay methods while its antibacterial activity was determined by the agar dilution method against selected bacteria. The antioxidant activity of the extract was done using ferric reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The cytotoxicity assay of the extract was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality test with LC(50) value of 0.302 mg/mL. The antibacterial activity of the extract demonstrated an appreciable broad spectrum activity against the tested bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges between 5000 and 0.5 mg/L. Both phenol and flavonoid concentrations were 14.86 mg tannic acid equivalent/g and 13.64 mg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively. The percentage composition of saponins (13.26) was highest, followed by steroids (1.42), while alkaloids and tannins had the same value of 0.51. Similarly, IC(50) values of the extract against DPPH, ABTS, H(2)O(2), LPO and NO were 0.017, 0.018, 0.159, 0.06 and 0.052 mg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of the extract was found to be concentration dependent. Our data suggest that the 70% ethanol extract from the CD extract has antibacterial and antioxidant properties due to the presence of bio-active compounds and thus support its folkloric use in the treatment of diseases.
authors: School of Biological Sciences, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
authors: Sunday Oyewole
authors: SO
authors: Oyedemi
authors: School of Pharmacy, University of London, Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK.
authors: Blessing Ogochukwuamaka
authors: BO
authors: Oyedemi
authors: School of Biological Sciences, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
authors: Sunday
authors: S
authors: Arowosegbe
authors: School of Biological Sciences, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
authors: Anthony Jide
authors: AJ
authors: Afolayan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D064209:Phytochemicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D064209:Phytochemicals; D010936:Plant Extracts