title: Influence of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar application on nitrate leaching in calcaric dark red soil.
abstract: Application of biochar has been suggested to improve water- and fertilizer-retaining capacity of agricultural soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of bagasse charcoal (sugarcane [ L.] bagasse-derived biochar) on nitrate (NO) leaching from Shimajiri Maji soil, which has low water- and fertilizer-retaining capacity. The nitrate adsorption properties of bagasse charcoal formed at five pyrolysis temperatures (400-800° C) were investigated to select the most suitable bagasse charcoal for NO adsorption. Nitrate was able to adsorb onto the bagasse charcoal formed at pyrolysis temperatures of 700 to 800° C. Nitrate adsorption by bagasse charcoal (formed at 800° C) that passed through a 2-mm sieve was in a state of nonequilibrium even at 20 h after the addition of 20 mg N L KNO solution. Measurements suggested that the saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of bagasse charcoal (800° C)-amended soils are affected by changes in soil tortuosity and porosity and the presence of meso- and micropores in the bagasse charcoal, which did not contribute to soil water transfer. In NO leaching studies using bagasse charcoal (800° C)-amended soils with different charcoal contents (0-10% [w/w]), the maximum concentration of NO in effluents from bagasse charcoal-amended soil columns was approximately 5% less than that from a nonamended soil column because of NO adsorption by bagasse charcoal (800° C). We conclude that application of bagasse charcoal (800°C) to the soil will increase the residence time of NO in the root zone of crops and provide greater opportunity for crops to absorb NO.
authors: National Agricultute and Food Research Organziation, Tsukuba, Japan. kojikame@affrc.go.jp
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kameyama
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Miyamoto
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Shiono
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Shinogi
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D031786:Saccharum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014872:Water Movements
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D012987:Soil; C540010:biochar; D014867:Water; D002606:Charcoal; D002482:Cellulose; C027433:bagasse