title: Fixed topical combinations in glaucomatous patients and ocular discomfort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to verify the ocular comfort of a fixed topical combination of brinzolamide 1% plus timolol 0.5% suspension vs. dorzolamide 2% plus timolol 0.5% solution, both preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAK), in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) through subjective and objective methods. BAK is the most commonly used preservative in topical glaucoma medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  62 subjects were examined and included in the analysis. Each patient was asked to complete a questionnaire on symptoms (Ocular Surface Disease Index) and then underwent a series of examinations. The Ocular Protection Index evaluated the risk of damage to the ocular surface, and was expressed as the ratio between fluorescein breakup time and blinking interval. These and other analyses were repeated 30 days after instillation of the new eye drop treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results demonstrated that patients enrolled with the preserved fixed combination of dorzolamide or brinzolamide represented a subgroup of patients in which the discomfort symptoms were supposedly justified by the presence of BAK used chronically in antihypertensive drops. Ocular discomfort scores were significantly higher with dorzolamide/timolol than brinzolamide/timolol (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work shows the better tolerability of brinzolamide 1% plus timolol 0.5% suspension, compared with dorzolamide 2% plus timolol 0.5% solution. Fortunately, some of the adverse reactions induced by preserved eye drop glaucoma medication are reversible after removing the preservatives. Both the potential for added benefit and patient compliance should be considered when selecting ocular hypotensive therapy.
authors: Sapienza University of Rome, Centre of Ocular Electrophysiology, Department of Sense Organs, viale del policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy. marcella.nebbioso@uniroma1.it
authors: Marcella
authors: M
authors: Nebbioso
authors: Mariasilvia
authors: M
authors: Evangelista
authors: Aloisa
authors: A
authors: Librando
authors: Dario
authors: D
authors: Di Blasio
authors: Nicola
authors: N
authors: Pescosolido
mesh_terms: D060433:Administration, Ophthalmic; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013535:Suspensions; D013843:Thiazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D013999:Timolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013535:Suspensions; D013843:Thiazines; D013876:Thiophenes; D013999:Timolol; C111827:brinzolamide; C062765:dorzolamide