title: Up-regulation of miR-182 expression after epigenetic modulation of human melanoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate the epigenetic regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated two highly metastatic human melanoma cell lines, C8161.9 and WM266-4, with the demethylating agents DAC (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine) and trichostatin A. Locked nucleic acid-based miRNA expression profiling was utilized to examine the differential expression of miRNAs before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that miR-182, a miRNA with oncogenic properties, was significantly up-regulated in human melanoma cells after epigenetic modulation. Genome sequence analysis revealed the presence of a prominent CpG island 8-10 kb upstream of mature miR-182. Methylation analysis showed that this genomic region was exclusively methylated in melanoma cells but not in human melanocytes, skin, or peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that an epigenetic mechanism is likely involved in modulating the expression level of miR-182 in melanoma, and increased expression of oncogenic-like miR-182 could be a concern for melanoma patients after epigenetic therapy.
authors: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. suhu_liu@dfci.harvard.edu
authors: Suhu
authors: S
authors: Liu
authors: Paul M
authors: PM
authors: Howell
authors: Adam I
authors: AI
authors: Riker
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D000077209:Decitabine; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D035683:MicroRNAs; C538984:Mirn182 microRNA, human; C012589:trichostatin A; D000077209:Decitabine; D001374:Azacitidine