title: Assessment of different biomarkers provides valuable diagnostic standards in the evaluation of the risk of acute rejection.
abstract: Acute rejection (AR) is a strong risk factor for chronic rejection in renal transplant recipients. Accurate and timely diagnosis of AR episodes is very important for disease control and prognosis. Therefore, objectively evaluated the immune status of patients is essential in the field of post-transplantation treatment. This longitudinal study investigated the usefulness of five biomarkers, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G5 and sCD30 level in sera, intracellular adenosine triphosphate (iATP) release level of CD4(+) T cells, and granzyme B/perforin expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and biopsies, to detect AR and the resolution of biomarkers in a total of 84 cases of renal transplantation. The data demonstrated that recipients with clinical or biopsy proven rejection significantly increased iATP release level of CD4(+) T cells, and elevated sCD30 but lowered HLA-G5 level in sera compared with individuals with stable graft function. Expression levels of granzyme B and perforin were also elevated in PBMCs and graft biopsies of AR patients. Taken together, we identified that upregulation of sCD30, iATP, granzyme B, perforin, and downregulation of HLA-G5 could provide valuable diagnostic standards to identify those recipients in the risk of AR. And iATP may be a better biomarker than others for predicting the graft rejection episode.
authors: Hospital of Nephropathy,  The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061,  China.
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Zheng
authors: Xiaoming
authors: X
authors: Ding
authors: Xiaohui
authors: X
authors: Tian
authors: Zhankui
authors: Z
authors: Jin
authors: Xiaoming
authors: X
authors: Pan
authors: Hang
authors: H
authors: Yan
authors: Xinshun
authors: X
authors: Feng
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Hou
authors: Heli
authors: H
authors: Xiang
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Ren
authors: Puxun
authors: P
authors: Tian
authors: Wujun
authors: W
authors: Xue
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D053804:Granzymes / Q000097:blood; D059951:HLA-G Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054353:Perforin / Q000097:blood; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D054353:Perforin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D053804:Granzymes