title: pMAA-Red: a new pPZP-derived vector for fast visual screening of transgenic Arabidopsis plants at the seed stage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The production of transgenic plants, either for the overproduction of the protein of interest, for promoter: reporter lines, or for the downregulation of genes is an important prerequisite in modern plant research but is also very time-consuming.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have produced additions to the pPZP family of vectors. Vector pPZP500 (derived from pPZP200) is devoid of NotI sites and vector pPZP600 (derived from pPZP500) contains a bacterial kanamycin resistance gene. Vector pMAA-Red contains a Pdf2.1: DsRed marker and a CaMV:: GUS cassette within the T-DNA and is useful for the production of promoter: GUS lines and overexpression lines. The Pdf2.1 promoter is expressed in seeds and syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachti in Arabidopsis roots. Transgenic seeds show red fluorescence which can be used for selection and the fluorescence level is indicative of the expression level of the transgene. The advantage is that plants can be grown on soil and that expression of the marker can be directly screened at the seed stage which saves time and resources. Due to the expression of the Pdf2.1: DsRed marker in syncytia, the vector is especially useful for the expression of a gene of interest in syncytia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The vector pMAA-Red allows for fast and easy production of transgenic Arabidopsis plants with a strong expression level of the gene of interest.
authors: Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Muhammad Amjad
authors: MA
authors: Ali
authors: Kausar Hussain
authors: KH
authors: Shah
authors: Holger
authors: H
authors: Bohlmann
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D061269:DNA Transformation Competence; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics