title: Viral markers in patients with hemophagocytosis: a prospective study in a tertiary care hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a rare clinicopathological condition characterized by the activation of macrophages with prominent hemophagocytosis in bone marrow and other reticulo-endothelial systems. HPS can be familial or secondary to infections including viruses.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the viral markers in patients with HPS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples of patients with HPS and control group were screened for anti EBV VCA IgM, and IgG, anti-Parvo B19 IgM, and anti-CMV IgM antibodies using commercially available ELISA kits and CMV and ParvoB19 DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present prospective study reports the profile of viral markers in HPS cases from north India. Among the 14 HPS cases 43% (6/14) were positive for at least one viral marker tested, of which EBV was found to be the most prevalent (3/6: 50%) followed by parvovirus B19(2/6: 33%) and cytomegalovirus (1/6: 17%). Mortality was noted in 33% of virus associated HPS patients. Our study highlights the higher association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with HPS as compared to other viruses along with higher rate of mortality in both parvovirus B 19 and EBV associated HPS.
authors: Department of Virology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India.
authors: Baijayantimala
authors: B
authors: Mishra
authors: Neelam
authors: N
authors: Varma
authors: Suma
authors: S
authors: Appannanavar
authors: Pankaj
authors: P
authors: Malhotra
authors: Mrinalini
authors: M
authors: Sharma
authors: Anil
authors: A
authors: Bhatnagar
authors: Radha Kanta
authors: RK
authors: Ratho
authors: Subhash
authors: S
authors: Varma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D015415:Biomarkers; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; C041788:Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigen; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M