title: Developing an emulsion model system containing canthaxanthin biosynthesized by Dietzia natronolimnaea HS-1.
abstract: An acceptable strategy to incorporate canthaxanthin (CX) as a natural colorant into products is by means of oil-in-water emulsions. The used CX in this study was produced by bacterium Dietzia natronolimnaea HS-1 using a batch bioreactor system. A central composite rotatable design-response surface methodology (CCRD-RSM) consisting of three-factored factorial design with five levels was applied for analysis of the results to obtain the optimal formulation of emulsions. Three independent variables including fenugreek gum (FG, 0.2-0.5%, w/w), coconut oil (CO, 6-10%, w/w), and CO/CX ratio (10:1-50:1) were transformed to coded values and second-order polynomial models was developed to predict the responses (p<0.0001). The studied independent variables were the stability, viscosity and droplet size properties such as volume-weighted mean diameter (D₄₃), specific surface area (S(v)) and polydispersity index (PDI) of emulsions. The 3-D response surface plot derived from the mathematical models was used to determine the optimal conditions. Main emulsion components under the optimum conditions ascertained presently by RSM: 50:1 CO/CX ratio, 0.49% (w/w) FG content and 6.28% (w/w) CO concentration. At this optimum point, stability, viscosity, D₄₃, S(v) and PDI were 90.6%, 0.0118 Pas, 0.595 μm, 12.03 m²/ml and 1.380, respectively.
authors: Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory-BPEL, Department of Food Science, Engineering & Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 4111, Karaj 3158777871, Iran.
authors: Seyed Mohammad Taghi
authors: SM
authors: Gharibzahedi
authors: Seyed Hadi
authors: SH
authors: Razavi
authors: Seyed Mohammad
authors: SM
authors: Mousavi
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000378:metabolism*; D019149:Bioreactors; D016644:Canthaxanthin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D000074263:Coconut Oil; D004655:Emulsions; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D029910:Trigonella / Q000737:chemistry; D014783:Viscosity; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; D014867:Water; D016644:Canthaxanthin; D000074263:Coconut Oil