title: Non-invasive diagnosis of lung tuberculosis in children by single voxel ¹H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: Our previous study showed that (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) can detect lipid peaks characteristic for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in cerebral lesions of young children; therefore, we aimed to extend and validate the application of (1)H-MRS for the diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis lesions in three adolescent patients. Here, we document lipid peaks characteristic for M. tuberculosis infection by (1)H-MRS from lung tissue surrounding lung cavities of two patients whose sputum samples were positive for acid-fast bacilli by microscopy and positive for M. tuberculosis by genetic testing, indicating active tuberculosis. A similar lipid peak was found also in the pleural effusion of a third patient with concurrent lung cavity compatible with active tuberculosis. However, in a patient with a pyogenic pulmonary abscess, (1)H-MRS of the drained pus displayed different characteristic peaks but no lipid peak at all.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings further validate (1)H-MRS as a rapid, non-invasive, and specific diagnostic tool for active tuberculosis in children with microbiologically documented infection outside the central nervous system, specifically in the lungs.
authors: Division of Pediatrics, Jayavarman VII Hospital, Kantha Bopha Children's Hospital, Siem Reap, Cambodia.
authors: Ky
authors: K
authors: Santy
authors: Phang
authors: P
authors: Nan
authors: Yay
authors: Y
authors: Chantana
authors: Denis
authors: D
authors: Laurent
authors: Ianina
authors: I
authors: Scheer
authors: Beat
authors: B
authors: Steinmann
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Nadal
authors: Beat
authors: B
authors: Richner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011522:Protons; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D011522:Protons