title: Prevalence of exposure to occupational risks during pregnancy in Spain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We describe reported exposures to main categories of occupational agents and conditions in Spanish pregnant workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women were recruited at 12th week of pregnancy from main public gynaecological consults to be included in the INMA Spanish cohorts study (n=2,058). Through personal interviews with structured questionnaires, information on working situation and working conditions during pregnancy was obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty percent of the women reported frequent exposure to physical load (standing, heavy lifting) and 45% reported exposure to three or more indicators of job strain. Exposure to at least one physical agent (noise, vibrations, etc.) affected 25% of the women. Exposure to chemicals was reported by 20% of the women, mostly including solvents and cleaning products. Eight percent of the women worked at night shifts. Job strain was more prevalent in office workers and industrial operators. Industrial workers showed the highest prevalence of exposure to chemical and physical pollutants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that working conditions of pregnant women may need increased control in Spain.
authors: Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Tarongers 4b, 46021, Valencia, Spain, anagar@uv.es.
authors: Ana M
authors: AM
authors: García
authors: M Carmen
authors: MC
authors: González-Galarzo
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Ronda
authors: Ferran
authors: F
authors: Ballester
authors: Marisa
authors: M
authors: Estarlich
authors: Mònica
authors: M
authors: Guxens
authors: Aitana
authors: A
authors: Lertxundia
authors: Begoña
authors: B
authors: Martinez-Argüelles
authors: Loreto
authors: L
authors: Santa Marina
authors: Adonina
authors: A
authors: Tardón
authors: Martine
authors: M
authors: Vrijheid
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014732:Vibration; D014891:Weight Lifting / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016526:Workload / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances