title: Biocompatibility and degradation characteristics of PLGA-based electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds with nanoapatite incorporation.
abstract: The aim of current study was to evaluate the effect of nano-apatitic particles (nAp) incorporation on the degradation characteristics and biocompatibility of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)-based nanofibrous scaffolds. Composite PLGA/poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) blended (w/w = 3/1) polymeric electrospun scaffolds with 0-30 wt% of nAp incorporation (n0-n30) were prepared. The obtained scaffolds were firstly evaluated by morphological, physical and chemical characterization, followed by an in vitro degradation study. Further, n0 and n30 in both virgin and 3-week pre-degraded status were subcutaneously implanted in rats, either directly or in stainless steel mesh cages, to evaluate in vivo tissue response. The results showed that the incorporation of nAp yields an nAp amount-dependent buffering effect on pH-levels during degradation and delayed polymer degradation based on molecular weight analysis. Regarding biocompatibility, nAp incorporation significantly improved the tissue response during a 4-week subcutaneous implantation, showing less infiltration of inflammatory cells (monocyte/macrophages) as well as less foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) formation surrounding the scaffolds. Similar cytokine expression (gene and protein level) was observed for all groups of implanted scaffolds, although marginal differences were found for TNF-α and TGF-β at gene level as well as GRO-KC at protein level after 1 week of implantation. The results of the current study indicate that hybridization of the weak alkaline salt nAp is effective to control the in vivo adverse tissue reaction of PLGA materials, which is beneficial for optimizing final clinical application of different PLGA-based biomedical devices.
authors: Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 309 Dentistry, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Ji
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Yang
authors: Hajar
authors: H
authors: Seyednejad
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Wim E
authors: WE
authors: Hennink
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: Anderson
authors: Jeroen J J P
authors: JJ
authors: van den Beucken
authors: John A
authors: JA
authors: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000737:chemistry*; D015743:Giant Cells, Foreign-Body / Q000276:immunology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; C513297:Cxcl1 protein, rat; D016207:Cytokines; D011091:Polyesters; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; C016240:polycaprolactone; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid