title: Ringer's malate solution protects against the multiple organ injury and dysfunction caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats.
abstract: Malic acid, in the form of its anion malate, is a key intermediate in the major biochemical energy-producing cycle known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle. In this study, the authors investigated the protective effect of a novel crystalloid solution of Ringer's malate following fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock using a rat model. Under general anesthesia, Sprague-Dawley male rats were subjected to 60 min of hemorrhagic shock (40 mmHg for 60 min) followed by crystalloid resuscitation. Groups were as follows: (1) sham shock, (2) normal saline, (3) Ringer's lactate, and (4) Ringer's malate. The experiment was terminated at 4 h after resuscitation. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and blood biophysical parameters were monitored during the experiment. The alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde levels in plasma were detected. The intestine, liver, lung, and renal histopathology were measured. It was found that Ringer's malate could increase MAP immediately and maintain MAP for a long time. Ringer's malate could reduce the level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine. At the same time, the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased, and the level of malondialdehyde was decreased. Histopathology indicated that Ringer's malate can protect against the multiple organ injury caused by hemorrhagic shock in rats. Ringer's malate prevented circulatory failure and alleviated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in animals with hemorrhagic shock. The study suggests that Ringer's malate solution could be a potential novel therapeutic agent for fluid resuscitation.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital; and †Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Zhong-Liang
authors: ZL
authors: Dai
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Meng
authors: Fang
authors: F
authors: Zeng
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Shang-Long
authors: SL
authors: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D008293:Malates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012151:Resuscitation; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D008293:Malates; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; C030298:malic acid; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase