title: Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis ESSIC type 3C: high expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in inflammatory cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) includes a heterogeneous collection of underlying pathological conditions. Compared to the classic IC with a Hunner lesion, now denominated ESSIC type 3C, the non-Hunner type of BPS/IC appears different in a number of respects. In a previous study, measuring luminal nitric oxide (NO) in the bladder of patients with BPS/IC, it was reported that all patients with ESSIC type 3C had high levels of NO. The aim of the present study was to investigate the source of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and thereby the cellular origin of NO production via iNOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry, with two different anti-iNOS antibodies, was used to study 10 patients with BPS/IC ESSIC type 3C who expressed high levels of intraluminal NO. These results were compared with four patients with non-Hunner BPS/IC. To substantiate further the involvement of iNOS in this condition, the protein expression of nitrotyrosine, a marker for iNOS activation, was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On routine histopathology, the tissues of type 3C patients exhibited inflammatory infiltrates of varying intensity. Strong immunoreactivity for both iNOS and nitrotyrosine was noted within the urothelium but also within the inflammatory infiltrates in the lamina propria of these subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of a clearly detectable protein expression of iNOS in both the urothelium and the inflammatory infiltrates in bladder biopsies from patients with BPS/IC ESSIC type 3C suggest that the production of NO, in this entity, may occur in different tissue compartments.
authors: Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. yr.logadottir@vgregion.se
authors: Yr
authors: Y
authors: Logadottir
authors: Lena
authors: L
authors: Hallsberg
authors: Magnus
authors: M
authors: Fall
authors: Ralph
authors: R
authors: Peeker
authors: Dick
authors: D
authors: Delbro
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001706:Biopsy; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II