title: Synaptic vesicle endocytosis.
abstract: Neurons can sustain high rates of synaptic transmission without exhausting their supply of synaptic vesicles. This property relies on a highly efficient local endocytic recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes, which can be reused for hundreds, possibly thousands, of exo-endocytic cycles. Morphological, physiological, molecular, and genetic studies over the last four decades have provided insight into the membrane traffic reactions that govern this recycling and its regulation. These studies have shown that synaptic vesicle endocytosis capitalizes on fundamental and general endocytic mechanisms but also involves neuron-specific adaptations of such mechanisms. Thus, investigations of these processes have advanced not only the field of synaptic transmission but also, more generally, the field of endocytosis. This article summarizes current information on synaptic vesicle endocytosis with an emphasis on the underlying molecular mechanisms and with a special focus on clathrin-mediated endocytosis, the predominant pathway of synaptic vesicle protein internalization.
authors: Department of Cell Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.
authors: Yasunori
authors: Y
authors: Saheki
authors: Pietro
authors: P
authors: De Camilli
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002966:Clathrin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D022163:Clathrin-Coated Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005089:Exocytosis; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008954:Models, Biological; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D002966:Clathrin; D010716:Phosphatidylinositols