title: Clinical manifestations of nontyphoid salmonellosis in children younger than 2 years old--experiences of a tertiary hospital in southern Taiwan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few published studies have explored the clinical manifestations of nontyphoid salmonellosis in children <2 years of age. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical manifestations, microbiological features, complications, fecal excretion time, and responses to treatment in children <2 years of age with nontyphoid salmonellosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2005 and December 2009, pediatric patients who were admitted to Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital with positive cultures for nontyphoid Salmonella were enrolled. The following data were recorded: demographic, clinical, and microbiological features, underlying diseases, treatment regimen, complications, responses to treatment, and fecal excretion time. The clinical manifestations were compared between patients <2 years of age and patients >2 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of a total 279 enrolled patients, 179 were >2 years of age. Compared with the patients who were ≥2 years of age, patients <2 years of age demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of bloody stool, mixed infection, extraintestinal infection, longer course of antibiotics, longer course of diarrhea after admission, and more days spent in the hospital. The rates of insusceptibility of nontyphoid Salmonella to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin in patients <2 years of age were 37.87%, 29.09%, 23.73%, 3.26%, and 2.25%, respectively. Younger patients were generally more susceptible to antibiotics than patients ≥2 years of age, although this result was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical manifestations of nontyphoid salmonellosis are more severe in younger children <2 years of age than older children. Local susceptibility patterns could serve as a guide for the prescription of antibiotics by clinicians.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.
authors: I-Fei
authors: IF
authors: Huang
authors: Chih-Hsiang
authors: CH
authors: Kao
authors: Wei-Yang
authors: WY
authors: Lee
authors: Ming-Fang
authors: MF
authors: Chang
authors: Yao-Shen
authors: YS
authors: Chen
authors: Kuan-Sheng
authors: KS
authors: Wu
authors: Hong-Hsiang
authors: HH
authors: Hu
authors: Kai-Sheng
authors: KS
authors: Hsieh
authors: Christine C
authors: CC
authors: Chiou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D013624:Taiwan; D062606:Tertiary Care Centers
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents