title: Empirically derived patterns of perceived stress among youth with type 1 diabetes and relationships to metabolic control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given the inconsistent relationship between stress and metabolic control, the purpose of this study was to empirically derive patterns of perceived diabetes-related stress among youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and determine if these patterns relate to overall diabetes-related stress levels and metabolic control.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 204 youth with T1DM completed the diabetes stress questionnaire, and their hemoglobin A(1c) (a long-term measure of metabolic control) was obtained from their medical record.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Latent profile analyses revealed three perceived-stress profiles: "low stress" (LS), "interpersonal/peer" (IP), and "family stress" (FS). The FS and IP groups reported more overall stress than the LS group; however, only the FS group's HbA(1c) values were significantly higher than either the LS or IP groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A global measure of stress may not accurately account for the association between perceived stress and metabolic control. FS, rather than IP stress seems to be a key stress domain linked to suboptimal metabolic control.
authors: Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA. kristoffer.berlin@gmail.com
authors: Kristoffer S
authors: KS
authors: Berlin
authors: Erin M
authors: EM
authors: Rabideau
authors: Anthony A
authors: AA
authors: Hains
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human