title: Cochlear implantation outcomes in patients with far advanced otosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare hearing outcomes in patients with far advanced otosclerosis (FAO) undergoing cochlear implantation to an age-matched group of controls, to describe the effects of cochlear ossification on hearing, and to review the adverse effects of implantation in patients with FAO.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Hearing performance in patients with FAO after cochlear implantation is comparable to similarly treated postlingually deafened adults without FAO. Ossification or retrofenestral otosclerosis does not predict poor hearing outcomes. Modiolar-hugging technology reduces postoperative facial nerve stimulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic neurotologic tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with FAO, who metaudiological criteria for cochlear implantation, were compared to 30 age-matched controls, postlingually deafened by non-otosclerotic causes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Audiometric pre- and postoperative speech reception threshold, word, and sentence scores were analyzed. The presence of retrofenestral findings on computed tomography or intraoperative cochlear ossification were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the FAO group, radiographic abnormalities were noted in 26.4% of patients. Intraoperative ossification requiring drillout was seen in 29.4% of patients. None developed postoperative facial nerve stimulation. There was no difference between the FAO and control groups in the mean short-term and long-term postoperative speech reception threshold, word, and sentence scores (P = .77). The presence of radiographic abnormalities did not predict hearing outcome. Intraoperative cochlear ossification was not associated with worse short-term word and sentence scores (P = .58 and 0.79, respectively), and for the long-term hearing outcome (P = .24).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with FAO, effective and safe hearing rehabilitation can be accomplished with cochlear implantation.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Case, Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. maroun.semaan@UHHospitals.org
authors: Maroun T
authors: MT
authors: Semaan
authors: Neal C
authors: NC
authors: Gehani
authors: Neelima
authors: N
authors: Tummala
authors: Carolyn
authors: C
authors: Coughlan
authors: Souha A
authors: SA
authors: Fares
authors: Daniel P
authors: DP
authors: Hsu
authors: Gail S
authors: GS
authors: Murray
authors: William H
authors: WH
authors: Lippy
authors: Cliff A
authors: CA
authors: Megerian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001299:Audiometry; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006309:Hearing / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome