title: PD-1 expression on natural killer cells and CD8(+) T cells during chronic HIV-1 infection.
abstract: Programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) is an important marker of T-cell exhaustion during HIV-1 infection. Natural killer (NK) cells lose their functional capacity during HIV-1 infection, and PD-1 is expressed on NK cells during other chronic viral and bacterial infections. Here, PD-1 expression was increased on NK cells from both viremic and aviremic HIV-1-seropositive individuals, compared to seronegative controls. However, PD-1 was expressed on a small subset of NK cells and at lower frequency than that observed for CD8(+) T cells. PD-1 was also induced on a minor fraction of NK cells and CD8(+) T cells after long-term culture with IL-15. Raised levels of PD-1 were associated with limited NK cell proliferation, which may have consequences for their maintenance during chronic HIV-1 infection.
authors: Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Norris
authors: Adam
authors: A
authors: Coleman
authors: Leticia
authors: L
authors: Kuri-Cervantes
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Bower
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Nelson
authors: Martin R
authors: MR
authors: Goodier
mesh_terms: D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor