title: Effect of magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 and wogonin on the reversal of multidrug resistance in K562/A02 cell line.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multidrug resistance is the main obstacle to the efficiency of systemic chemotherapy against hematologic malignancy. This study investigated the reversible effect of the copolymer wogonin and daunorubicin coloaded into Fe(3)O(4) magnetic nanoparticles, and the mechanism potentially involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  The growth inhibition rate of K562/A02 cells was investigated by MTT assay, and apoptosis of cells and the intracellular daunorubicin concentration were detected by flow cytometry. Distribution of nanoparticles taken up by K562/A02 cells was observed under a transmission electron microscope and demonstrated by Prussian blue staining. The transcription level of MDR1 mRNA and expression of P-glycoprotein were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting assay, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reversible effect of daunorubicin-wogonin magnetic nanoparticles was 8.87-fold that of daunorubicin + wogonin and of daunorubicin magnetic nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy and Prussian blue staining revealed that the nanoparticles were located in the endosome vesicles of cytoplasm. Also, the apoptosis rate and accumulation of intracellular daunorubicin in the daunorubicin-wogonin magnetic nanoparticle group were significantly higher than that in the daunorubicin, daunorubicin + wogonin, and daunorubicin magnetic nanoparticle groups. Furthermore, transcription of MDR1 mRNA and expression of P-glycoprotein in K562/A02 cells were significantly downregulated in the daunorubicin-wogonin magnetic nanoparticle group compared with the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the remarkable effects of the novel daunorubicin-wogonin magnetic nanoparticle formulation on multidrug resistant K562/A02 leukemia cells would be a promising strategy for overcoming multidrug resistance.
authors: Department of Hematology, Key Medical Disciplines of Jiangsu Province, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Jian
authors: J
authors: Cheng
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Cheng
authors: Baoan
authors: B
authors: Chen
authors: Guohua
authors: G
authors: Xia
authors: Chong
authors: C
authors: Gao
authors: Huihui
authors: H
authors: Song
authors: Wen
authors: W
authors: Bao
authors: Qinglong
authors: Q
authors: Guo
authors: Haiwei
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Xuemei
authors: X
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004357:Drug Synergism; D044950:Flavanones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D044950:Flavanones; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C085514:wogonin; D003630:Daunorubicin