title: Reduced serum osteocalcin concentrations are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the metabolic syndrome components in postmenopausal women: the crosstalk between bone and energy metabolism.
abstract: Although it has been shown that osteocalcin functions as a hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism and fat mass, no population-based study to date has addressed serum osteocalcin levels in relation to energy metabolism concurrent with bone metabolism in postmenopausal women. In a population-based study, cardiovascular risk factors, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, osteocalcin, CrossLaps, alkaline phosphatase, and bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and the proximal femur were measured in 382 Iranian postmenopausal women. In multiple logistic regression analysis, lower osteocalcin and CrossLaps levels were associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) of having type 2 diabetes mellitus when adjustments were made for age, hs-CRP, cardiovascular risk factors, BMD, and markers of bone metabolism [OR 5.17, CI (2.66-10.04), p < 0.0001 and OR 2.51, CI (1.37-4.61), p = 0.003, respectively]. However, lower alkaline phosphatase levels were associated with a lower OR of having type 2 diabetes mellitus [OR 0.28, CI (0.15-0.52), p < 0.0001] in regression analysis. No significant difference was found between serum osteocalcin levels of those with and without metabolic syndrome. Among the metabolic syndrome components, low osteocalcin levels had significant associations with elevated blood glucose [OR 1.89, CI (1.16-3.07), p = 0.010] and elevated waist circumference [OR 2.53, CI (1.13-5.67), p = 0.024] in multivariate analyses. In conclusion, serum osteocalcin was independently associated with glucose intolerance and abdominal obesity as the components of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women. Since CrossLaps and alkaline phosphatase levels were independently associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the unique contribution of osteocalcin in glucose metabolism could not be concluded.
authors: Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Centre, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Movahed
authors: Bagher
authors: B
authors: Larijani
authors: Iraj
authors: I
authors: Nabipour
authors: Mohammadreza
authors: M
authors: Kalantarhormozi
authors: Kamyar
authors: K
authors: Asadipooya
authors: Katayoun
authors: K
authors: Vahdat
authors: Samad
authors: S
authors: Akbarzadeh
authors: Maryam
authors: M
authors: Farrokhnia
authors: Majid
authors: M
authors: Assadi
authors: Roya
authors: R
authors: Amirinejad
authors: Afshar
authors: A
authors: Bargahi
authors: Zahra
authors: Z
authors: Sanjdideh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015675:Osteocalcin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase