title: [Emerging therapies for multiple sclerosis].
abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system considered the second cause of disability in young adults. The prognosis of MS has improved significantly since the approval of the first interferon β in 1993 but, compared to other diseases, few new therapeutic products have been commercialized in the last years. However, currently, there are more than 600 ongoing clinical trials and new drugs that aim to improve efficacy and a more convenient schedule of administration, will appear shortly on the market. On the other hand, new safety issues will arise as well as a significant economic impact on the health system. The main efficacy and safety results of these drugs are reviewed in this paper. They can be classified into 2 groups: oral (fingolimod, laquinimod, teriflunomide, BG-12 [dimethyl fumarate], oral cladribine, dalfampridine) and monoclonal antibodies (rituximab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, daclizumab, alemtuzumab).
authors: Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España. ana.lorenzo@salud.madrid.org
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: de Lorenzo-Pinto
authors: Carmen Guadalupe
authors: CG
authors: Rodríguez-González
authors: Arantza
authors: A
authors: Ais-Larisgoitia
mesh_terms: D015761:4-Aminopyridine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017338:Cladribine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003437:Crotonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077561:Daclizumab; D000069462:Dimethyl Fumarate; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D005650:Fumarates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009570:Nitriles; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069283:Rituximab; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014052:Toluidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D003437:Crotonates; D005650:Fumarates; D006885:Hydroxybutyrates; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009570:Nitriles; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D015363:Quinolones; D014052:Toluidines; C527525:teriflunomide; D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D017338:Cladribine; D000069283:Rituximab; C476223:laquinimod; D015761:4-Aminopyridine; D000077561:Daclizumab; D000069462:Dimethyl Fumarate; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D013110:Sphingosine