title: Pathological study of chronic pulmonary toxicity induced by intratracheally instilled Asian sand dust (kosa).
abstract: Asian sand dust (ASD) events are associated with an increase in pulmonary morbidity and mortality. The number of ASD events has increased rapidly in the east Asian region since 2000. To study the chronic lung toxicity of ASD, saline suspensions of low doses (200 and 400 µg) and high doses (800 and 3,000 µg) of ASD were intratracheally instilled into ICR mice. Animals were sacrificed at 24 hr, 1 week, or 1, 2, or 3 months after instillation. Histopathological examination revealed that ASD induced acute inflammation at 24 hr after instillation. The acute inflammation was transient and subsided at 1 week and 1 month after instillation. At 2 and 3 months after instillation, focal infiltration of lymphocytes with accumulation of epithelioid macrophages, which is a suggestive finding of transformation to granuloma, and granuloma formation were occasionally observed. Aggregation of macrophages containing particles was observed in the pulmonary lymph nodes at 3 months after instillation in high-dose groups. Prolonged inflammatory foci (granuloma) and presence of ASD particles in pulmonary lymph nodes would have a chance to induce immunological modulation leading to adverse health effects in the exposed animals.
authors: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan.
authors: Misaki
authors: M
authors: Naota
authors: Shizuka
authors: S
authors: Shiotsu
authors: Akinori
authors: A
authors: Shimada
authors: Yukari
authors: Y
authors: Kohara
authors: Takehito
authors: T
authors: Morita
authors: Kenichiro
authors: K
authors: Inoue
authors: Hirohisa
authors: H
authors: Takano
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D018951:Antigens, CD20 / Q000378:metabolism; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D004391:Dust; D006099:Granuloma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018448:Models, Immunological; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D018951:Antigens, CD20; D017252:CD3 Complex; D004391:Dust; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C544013:alpha-smooth muscle actin, mouse; D012822:Silicon Dioxide