title: Cortical sources of EEG rhythms in congestive heart failure and Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The brain needs continuous oxygen supply even in resting-state. Hypoxia enhances resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms in the delta range, and reduces those in the alpha range, with a pattern similar to that observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we tested whether resting-state cortical EEG rhythms in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), as a model of acute hypoxia, present frequency similarities with AD patients, comparable by cognitive status revealed by the mini mental state examination (MMSE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eyes-closed EEG data were recorded in 10 CHF patients, 20 AD patients, and 20 healthy elderly subjects (Nold) as controls. LORETA software estimated cortical EEG generators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to Nold, both AD and CHF groups presented higher delta (2-4Hz) and lower alpha (8-13Hz) temporal sources. The highest delta and lowest alpha sources were observed in CHF subjects. In these subjects, the global amplitude of delta sources correlated with brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level in the blood, as a marker of disease severity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resting-state delta and alpha rhythms suggest analogies between the effects of acute hypoxia and AD neurodegeneration on the cortical neurons' synchronization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute ischemic hypoxia could affect the mechanisms of cortical neural synchronization generating resting state EEG rhythms, inducing the "slowing" of EEG rhythms typically observed in AD patients.
authors: AFaR, Dip. Neurosci. Osp. FBF, Isola Tiberina, Rome, Italy. fabrizio.vecchio@afar.it
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Vecchio
authors: Lavinia
authors: L
authors: Valeriani
authors: Paola
authors: P
authors: Buffo
authors: Maria Gabriella
authors: MG
authors: Scarpellini
authors: Giovanni B
authors: GB
authors: Frisoni
authors: Oriano
authors: O
authors: Mecarelli
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Babiloni
authors: Paolo M
authors: PM
authors: Rossini
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004522:Educational Status; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain