title: Diet high in fat and sucrose induces rapid onset of obesity-related metabolic syndrome partly through rapid response of genes involved in lipogenesis, insulin signalling and inflammation in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Frequent consumption of a diet high in fat and sucrose contributes to lifestyle-related diseases. However, limited information is available regarding the short-term effects of such a diet on the onset of obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male C57BL/6 J mice were divided into two groups and fed a standard chow diet (control group) or a high fat-high sucrose diet containing 21% fat and 34% sucrose (HF-HS diet group) for 2 or 4 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HF-HS diet significantly induced body weight gain beginning at week 1 and similarly increased mesenteric white adipose tissue weight and plasma insulin levels at weeks 2 and 4. Plasma resistin levels were notably elevated after feeding with the HF-HS diet for 4 weeks. Measurement of hepatic triglycerides and Oil Red O staining clearly indicated increased hepatic lipid accumulation in response to the HF-HS diet as early as 2 weeks. Quantitative PCR analysis of liver and white adipose tissue indicated that, starting at week 2, the HF-HS diet upregulated mRNA expression from genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammation and downregulated genes involved in insulin signalling. Although plasma cholesterol levels were also rapidly increased by the HF-HS diet, no differences were found between the control and HF-HS diet-fed animals in the expression of key genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that the rapid onset of hepatosteatosis, adipose tissue hypertrophy and hyperinsulinemia by ingestion of a diet high in fat and sucrose may possibly be due to the rapid response of lipogenic, insulin signalling and inflammatory genes.
authors: Central Research Laboratory, Tokyo Innovation Center, Nippon Suisan Kaisha, Ltd,, 32-3 Nanakuni 1 Chome Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0991, Japan. yangzh@nissui.co.jp.
authors: Zhi-Hong
authors: ZH
authors: Yang
authors: Hiroko
authors: H
authors: Miyahara
authors: Jiro
authors: J
authors: Takeo
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Katayama