title: Combination of intermittent hydrostatic pressure linking TGF-β1, TNF-α on modulation of proteoglycan 4 metabolism in rat temporomandibular synovial fibroblasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to evaluate the combined effects of intermittent hydrostatic pressure (IHP) and TGF-β1 or TNF-α on proteoglycan4 (PRG4) expression in rat temporomandibular synovial fibroblasts (SFs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat SFs were isolated and expanded in monolayer cultures and subjected to IHP in the presence of TGF-β1 or TNF-α. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR was applied to analyze the PRG4 expression levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was also used for the quantification of PRG4 accumulation in the culture medium while immunofluorescence staining was used to detect intracellular PRG4 protein expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combination of IHP and TGF-β1 induced greater PRG4 expression than either stimulus alone. In contrast, TNF-α inhibited PRG4 expression, and this was partially alleviated by IHP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates a beneficial role of IHP, which can be used successfully in combination with TGF-β1 to enhance PRG4 production, and can partially counteract TNF-α-induced PRG4 inhibition in isolated rat SFs.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors: Ting
authors: T
authors: Xu
authors: Meng-jie
authors: MJ
authors: Wu
authors: Jian-ying
authors: JY
authors: Feng
authors: Xin-ping
authors: XP
authors: Lin
authors: Zhi-yuan
authors: ZY
authors: Gu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D008297:Male; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000166:cytology; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011509:Proteoglycans; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha