title: Analysis of the influence of the macro- and microstructure of dental zirconium implants on osseointegration: a minipig study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It was the aim of this study to analyze the influence of implant design and surface topography on the osseointegration of dental zirconium implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six different implant designs were tested in the study. Nine or 10 test implants were inserted in the frontal skull in each of 10 miniature pigs. Biopsies were harvested after 2 and 4 months and subjected to microradiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences between titanium and zirconium were found regarding the microradiographically detected bone-implant contact (BIC). Cylindric zirconium implants showed a higher BIC at the 2-month follow-up than conic zirconium implants. Among zirconium implants, those with an intermediate Ra value showed a significantly higher BIC compared with low and high Ra implants 4 months after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regarding osseointegration, titanium and zirconium showed equal properties. Cylindric implant design and intermediate surface roughness seemed to enhance osseointegration.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Jena, Germany. cornelia.mueller1@med.uni-jena.de
authors: Cornelia Katharina
authors: CK
authors: Mueller
authors: Philipp
authors: P
authors: Solcher
authors: Andrè
authors: A
authors: Peisker
authors: Maia
authors: M
authors: Mtsariashvilli
authors: Karl Andreas
authors: KA
authors: Schlegel
authors: Gerhard
authors: G
authors: Hildebrand
authors: Juergen
authors: J
authors: Rost
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Liefeith
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Schultze-Mosgau
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D008852:Microradiography; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D015040:Zirconium; D014025:Titanium