title: Longitudinal changes in pelvic organ support among parous women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to characterize changes in pelvic organ support and symptoms of prolapse over time and identify characteristics associated with worsening of support.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were recruited based on the mode of delivery (cesarean vs vaginal delivery) of their first child. The Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system was used to describe support at baseline and 12 to 18 months later. Symptoms were assessed using a validated questionnaire. Outcomes of interest included the proportion of women with a change in support greater than 1 cm at the anterior vaginal wall (Ba) or posterior vaginal wall (Bp) and a change in support greater than 2 cm at the apex (C). Characteristics associated with worsening of support were identified using 2-sided Fisher's exact test and multivariable logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 749 participants, 60% had delivered by cesarean delivery only. Worsening support at Ba, Bp, and C was observed in 8%, 2%, and 6%, respectively. Worsening at any point was observed in 110 women (15%). Women with prolapse symptoms at baseline were not more likely to experience worsening of support. In a multivariable model, age older than 40 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-2.49), vaginal delivery (OR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.38-7.07), and genital hiatus greater than or equal to 2 (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.03-5.43) were all associated with worsening support in at least 1 compartment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Over 12 to 18 months, characteristics most strongly associated with worsening of pelvic support include genital hiatus size, vaginal birth, and age.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
authors: Christopher B
authors: CB
authors: Pierce
authors: Jennifer L
authors: JL
authors: Hallock
authors: Joan L
authors: JL
authors: Blomquist
authors: Victoria L
authors: VL
authors: Handa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010298:Parity; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology*; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors