title: Chemical characterization of the smallest S-nitrosothiol, HSNO; cellular cross-talk of H2S and S-nitrosothiols.
abstract: Dihydrogen sulfide recently emerged as a biological signaling molecule with important physiological roles and significant pharmacological potential. Chemically plausible explanations for its mechanisms of action have remained elusive, however. Here, we report that H(2)S reacts with S-nitrosothiols to form thionitrous acid (HSNO), the smallest S-nitrosothiol. These results demonstrate that, at the cellular level, HSNO can be metabolized to afford NO(+), NO, and NO(-) species, all of which have distinct physiological consequences of their own. We further show that HSNO can freely diffuse through membranes, facilitating transnitrosation of proteins such as hemoglobin. The data presented in this study explain some of the physiological effects ascribed to H(2)S, but, more broadly, introduce a new signaling molecule, HSNO, and suggest that it may play a key role in cellular redox regulation.
authors: Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany. milos.filipovic@chemie.uni-erlangen.de
authors: Milos R
authors: MR
authors: Filipovic
authors: Jan Lj
authors: JLj
authors: Miljkovic
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Nauser
authors: Maksim
authors: M
authors: Royzen
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Klos
authors: Tatyana
authors: T
authors: Shubina
authors: Willem H
authors: WH
authors: Koppenol
authors: Stephen J
authors: SJ
authors: Lippard
authors: Ivana
authors: I
authors: Ivanović-Burmazović
mesh_terms: D004058:Diffusion; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D015538:Nitrosation; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide