title: Rapid casting of patterned vascular networks for perfusable engineered three-dimensional tissues.
abstract: In the absence of perfusable vascular networks, three-dimensional (3D) engineered tissues densely populated with cells quickly develop a necrotic core. Yet the lack of a general approach to rapidly construct such networks remains a major challenge for 3D tissue culture. Here, we printed rigid 3D filament networks of carbohydrate glass, and used them as a cytocompatible sacrificial template in engineered tissues containing living cells to generate cylindrical networks that could be lined with endothelial cells and perfused with blood under high-pressure pulsatile flow. Because this simple vascular casting approach allows independent control of network geometry, endothelialization and extravascular tissue, it is compatible with a wide variety of cell types, synthetic and natural extracellular matrices, and crosslinking strategies. We also demonstrated that the perfused vascular channels sustained the metabolic function of primary rat hepatocytes in engineered tissue constructs that otherwise exhibited suppressed function in their core.
authors: Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors: Jordan S
authors: JS
authors: Miller
authors: Kelly R
authors: KR
authors: Stevens
authors: Michael T
authors: MT
authors: Yang
authors: Brendon M
authors: BM
authors: Baker
authors: Duc-Huy T
authors: DH
authors: Nguyen
authors: Daniel M
authors: DM
authors: Cohen
authors: Esteban
authors: E
authors: Toro
authors: Alice A
authors: AA
authors: Chen
authors: Peter A
authors: PA
authors: Galie
authors: Xiang
authors: X
authors: Yu
authors: Ritika
authors: R
authors: Chaturvedi
authors: Sangeeta N
authors: SN
authors: Bhatia
authors: Christopher S
authors: CS
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000166:cytology*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010477:Perfusion; D011327:Printing / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002241:Carbohydrates