title: Goal directed fluid therapy.
abstract: The cornerstone of treating patients with shock remains as it has for decades, intravenous fluids. Surprisingly, dosing intravenous fluid during resuscitation of shock remains largely empirical. Recent data suggests that early aggressive resuscitation of critically ill patients may limit and/or reverse tissue hypoxia, progression to organ failure and improve outcome. However, overzealous fluid resuscitation has been associated with increased complications, increased length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay and increased mortality. This review focuses on methods to assess fluid responsiveness and the application of these methods for goal directed fluid therapy in critically ill and peri-operative patients.
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA. marikpe@evms.edu
authors: Paul E
authors: PE
authors: Marik
authors: Himanshu
authors: H
authors: Desai
mesh_terms: D001811:Blood Volume Determination; D016638:Critical Illness; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007902:Length of Stay; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012769:Shock / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome