title: Modeling the inhibition of breast cancer growth by GM-CSF.
abstract: M-CSF is overexpressed in breast cancer and is known to stimulate macrophages to produce VEGF resulting in angiogenesis. It has recently been shown that the growth factor GM-CSF injected into murine breast tumors slowed tumor growth by secreting soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1) that binds and inactivates VEGF. This study presents a mathematical model that includes all the components above, as well as MCP-1, tumor cells, and oxygen. The model simulations are representative of the in vivo data through predictions of tumor growth using different protocol strategies for GM-CSF for the purpose of predicting higher degrees of treatment success. For example, our model predicts that once a week dosing of GM-CSF would be less effective than daily, twice a week, or three times a week treatment because of the presence of essential factors required for the anti-tumor effect of GM-CSF.
authors: Mathematical Biosciences Institute, The Ohio State University, USA. b.szomolay@warwick.ac.uk
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Szomolay
authors: Tim D
authors: TD
authors: Eubank
authors: Ryan D
authors: RD
authors: Roberts
authors: Clay B
authors: CB
authors: Marsh
authors: Avner
authors: A
authors: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor