title: Hypoglycemia and death in mice following experimental exposure to an extract of Trogia venenata mushrooms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clusters of sudden unexplained death (SUD) in Yunnan Province, China, have been linked to eating Trogia venenata mushrooms. We evaluated the toxic effect of this mushroom on mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prepared extracts of fresh T. venenata and Laccaria vinaceoavellanea mushrooms collected from the environs of a village that had SUD. We randomly allocated mice into treatment groups and administered mushroom extracts at doses ranging from 500 to 3500 mg/kg and water (control) via a gavage needle. We observed mice for mortality for 7 days after a 3500 mg/kg dose and for 24 hours after doses from 500 to 3000 mg/kg. We determined biochemical markers from serum two hours after a 2000 mg/kg dose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten mice fed T. venenata extract (3500 mg/kg) died by five hours whereas all control mice (L. vinaceoavellanea extract and water) survived the seven-day observation period. All mice died by five hours after exposure to single doses of T. venenata extract ranging from 1500 to 3000 mg/kg, while the four mice exposed to a 500 mg/kg dose all survived. Mice fed 2000 mg/kg of T. venenata extract developed profound hypoglycemia (median= 0.66 mmol/L) two hours after exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypoglycemia and death within hours of exposure, a pattern unique among mushroom toxicity, characterize T. venenata poisoning.
authors: Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors: GuoQing
authors: G
authors: Shi
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: He
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Shen
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Fontaine
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: ZhongYu
authors: Z
authors: Zhou
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Gao
authors: YanFeng
authors: Y
authors: Xu
authors: Chuan
authors: C
authors: Qin
authors: ZhuLiang
authors: Z
authors: Yang
authors: JiKai
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: WenLi
authors: W
authors: Huang
authors: Guang
authors: G
authors: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009145:Mushroom Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology*