title: Increased number of regulatory T cells (T-regs) in the peripheral blood of patients with Her-2/neu-positive early breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although progress has been made in establishing prognostic factors in breast cancer, there remains an urgent need for better prognostic and predictive scores for patients with early breast cancer. The important role of the immune system in controlling cancer progression is widely accepted. Regulatory T cells (T-regs) constitute a specialized T cell subset, which play an essential role in sustaining self-tolerance by negatively regulating immune responses. Increased frequencies of T-regs have been reported in the micromilieu of a variety of malignancies including breast cancer. However, little is known about the role of T-regs in the peripheral blood of cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed T-reg numbers in the peripheral blood of 292 patients with newly diagnosed early breast cancer by flow cytometry (CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low) cells) prior to planned breast surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Absolute T-reg numbers/µl varied from 4 to 212/µl. No difference could be detected in T-reg numbers between nodal negative and nodal positive, well and poorly differentiated or small and locally advanced cancers. However, T-reg numbers of Her-2/neu-positive patients were higher than in samples from patients with hormone receptor positive, Her-2/neu-negative cancers. In contrast, numbers of T-regs were not increased in triple negative patients. In addition, T-reg numbers were higher in patients with invasive ductal carcinomas as compared to invasive lobular cancers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased numbers of circulating T-regs may contribute to the higher metastatic potential of Her-2/neu-positive cells. A potential role as a prognostic or predictive parameter is currently being analyzed in a larger cohort of patients with sufficient follow-up.
authors: The III Department of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. t.decker@lrz.tum.de
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Decker
authors: Gerhard
authors: G
authors: Fischer
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Bücke
authors: Philipp
authors: P
authors: Bücke
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Stotz
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Grüneberger
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Gropp-Meier
authors: Günther
authors: G
authors: Wiedemann
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Pfeiffer
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Peschel
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Götze
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases