Factor analysis of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate factors related to albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy (DN).


METHODS
Clinical data of 873 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes were gathered retrospectively. Urinary albumin-creatinine-ratio was tested thrice for each patient before calculating its mean value for DN diagnosing and staging. Inter-relationship among variables was studied using factor analysis, and factor scores were compared and used as independent variables in regression models to identify the parameter clusters that predict the development and/or progression of DN.


RESULTS
Factor analysis reduced 21 original variables to eight unique factors, representing obesity, glycemic, C peptide, lipids, time, renal, blood pressure and metabolism status. Logistic regression revealed that presence of hyperuricemia/gout (OR=1.821, 95%CI 1.224-2.707), time factor (OR=1.404, 95%CI 1.194-1.651) and blood pressure factor (OR=1.424, 95%CI 1.216-1.668) were positively associated with DN, while C peptide factor (OR=0.816, 95%CI 0.691-0.963) was negatively associated with DN. Ordinal regression revealed another positively related lipid factor (OR=1.237, 95%CI 1.060-1.445) besides those determined in Logistic regression.


CONCLUSIONS
Hyperuricemia/gout, time, blood pressure and lipid factors are predictors of DN, while C peptide factor is negatively associated with the development and/or progression of DN.
Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital, No. 11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing 100044, China. mm25.52mm@163.com
Weiwei
W
Zheng
Ling
L
Chen
D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006073:Gout / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
D002096:C-Peptide; D003404:Creatinine