Translation and preliminary validation of the English version of the DUX questionnaire for lower extremity bone tumor patients (Bt-DUX): a disease-specific measure for quality of life.
OBJECTIVE
To translate the Dutch DUX questionnaire for lower extremity bone tumor patients (Bt-DUX), a disease-specific quality of life (QoL) instrument, into the English (UK) language and preliminary validate the English version in patients who were treated for lower-extremity bone tumors.


METHODS
Adaptation and translation process included forward translation, back-translation, and a review of the back-translation by an expert committee. Internal consistency and validity of the translated questionnaire were examined in a sample of adolescents treated for lower extremity osteosarcoma in the United Kingdom. Assessments included the Bt-DUX, the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS), the Short Form (SF)-36, and the TNO-AZL Questionnaire for Adult's Quality of Life (TAAQOL).


RESULTS
Seventeen patients (7 ♂ and 10 ♀), median age 19.9 (range: 16-25) years completed the questionnaires. Mean Bt-DUX score was 38.8 (range: 23-78), with Cronbach's α being 0.95 domain-total correlations ranged between 0.84 and 0.93 (P < 0.01). Spearman's correlation coefficients between the Bt-DUX total and domain scores and corresponding TAAQOL and SF-36 scores were overall moderate to good and reaching statistical significance in a most cases.


CONCLUSIONS
Preliminary evidence suggests that the English Bt-DUX translation is a valid disease-specific instrument for evaluating QoL of adolescents with lower extremity bone cancer.
Department of Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. w.p.bekkering@lumc.nl
W Peter
WP
Bekkering
Laura
L
Billing
Rob J
RJ
Grimer
Theodora P M Vliet
TP
Vlieland
Hendrik M
HM
Koopman
Rob G H H
RG
Nelissen
Antonie H M
AH
Taminiau
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D014175:Translating; D014177:Translations; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D006113:United Kingdom