Receipt of post-rape medical care in a national sample of female victims.
BACKGROUND
It is important for rape victims to receive medical care to prevent and treat rape-related diseases and injuries, access forensic exams, and connect to needed resources. Few victims seek care, and factors associated with post-rape medical care-seeking are poorly understood.


OBJECTIVE
The current study examined prevalence and factors associated with post-rape medical care-seeking in a national sample of women who reported a most-recent or only incident of forcible rape, and drug- or alcohol-facilitated/incapacitated rape when they were aged ≥14 years.


METHODS
A national sample of U.S. adult women (N=3001) completed structured telephone interviews in 2006, and data for this study were analyzed in 2011. Logistic regression analyses examined demographic variables, health, rape characteristics, and post-rape concerns in relation to post-rape medical care-seeking among 445 female rape victims.


RESULTS
A minority of rape victims (21%) sought post-rape medical attention following the incident. In the final multivariate model, correlates of medical care included black race, rape-related injury, concerns about sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy concerns, and reporting the incident to police.


CONCLUSIONS
Women who experience rapes consistent with stereotypic scenarios, acknowledge the rape, report the rape, and harbor health concerns appear to be more likely to seek post-rape medical services. Education is needed to increase rape acknowledgment, awareness of post-rape services that do not require formal reporting, and recognition of the need to treat rape-related health problems.
Department of Psychology, Clemson University, South Carolina 29634, USA. hzinzow@clemson.edu
Heidi M
HM
Zinzow
Heidi S
HS
Resnick
Simone C
SC
Barr
Carla K
CK
Danielson
Dean G
DG
Kilpatrick
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D019221:Mandatory Reporting; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005791:Patient Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011902:Rape / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult