Regulation of patulin-induced oxidative stress processes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Patulin (PAT), is one of the most widely disseminated mycotoxins found in agricultural products. In this study the PAT-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the regulation of the specific activities of antioxidant enzymes were investigated in the single cell eukaryotic organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In comparison with the untreated cells, 500 μM PAT treatment caused a 43% decrease in the concentration of the main intracellular antioxidant, glutathione (GSH); this depletion of GSH initiated a 2.44- and a 2.6-fold accumulation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, but did not increase the concentration of hydroxyl radicals; the reduction of ROS-induced adaptation processes via the activation of Pap1 transcription factor resulted in significantly increased specific activities of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase to protect the cells against the ROS-induced unbalanced redox state. However, no change was measured in the activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. It seems reasonable to assume that the temporary PAT-induced ROS accumulation plays a crucial role in adaptation processes. The adverse effects of PAT may be exerted mainly through the destruction of cellular membranes and protein/enzyme functions.
Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, H-7602 Pécs, POB 266, Hungary.
Gábor
G
Papp
Eszter
E
Horváth
Nóra
N
Mike
Zoltán
Z
Gazdag
József
J
Belágyi
Zoltán
Z
Gyöngyi
Gáspár
G
Bánfalvi
László
L
Hornok
Miklós
M
Pesti
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D010365:Patulin / Q000633:toxicity*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; C105096:Pap1 protein, S pombe; C000612141:REG3A protein, human; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D010365:Patulin