Transcriptomic  profiles of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) in response to alkalinity  stress.
Oryzias  latipes (Adrianichthyidae), known as Japanese medaka or  Japanese killifish, is a small 2-4 cm long fish common in rice paddies in  coastal Southeast Asia and is also a popular aquarium fish. It has been widely  used as a research model because of its small size and because it is very easy  to rear. Alkalinity stress is considered to be one of the major stressors on  fish in saline-alkaline water. As very little is known about molecular genetic  responses of aquatic organisms to alkalinity stress, we examined genome-wide  gene expression profiles of Japanese medaka in response to carbonate alkalinity  stress. Adult fish were exposed to freshwater and high carbonate alkaline water  in the laboratory. We designed a microarray containing 26,429 genes for  measuring gene expression change in the gills of the fish exposed to high  carbonate alkalinity stress. Among these genes, 512 were up-regulated and 501  were down-regulated in the gills. These differentially expressed genes can be  divided into gene groups using gene ontology, including biological processes,  cellular components and molecular function. These gene groups are related to  acid-base and ion regulation, cellular stress response, metabolism, immune  response, and reproduction processes. Biological pathways including amino sugar  and nucleotide sugar metabolism, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism,  metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, drug metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA  biosynthesis, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate  metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, glutathione metabolism,  and fructose and mannose metabolism were significantly up-regulated. Alkalinity  stress stimulates the energy and ion regulation pathways, and it also slows down  the pathways related to the immune system and reproduction.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Z L
ZL
Yao
H
H
Wang
L
L
Chen
K
K
Zhou
C Q
CQ
Ying
Q F
QF
Lai
D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000468:Alkalies / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002254:Carbonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D009990:Oryzias / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
D000468:Alkalies; D002254:Carbonates