Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases and cancer: new insights from structural biology.
There is general agreement that many cancers are associated with aberrant phosphotyrosine signaling, which can be caused by the inappropriate activities of tyrosine kinases or tyrosine phosphatases. Furthermore, incorrect activation of signaling pathways has been often linked to changes in adhesion events mediated by cell surface receptors. Among these receptors, receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) both antagonize tyrosine kinases as well as engage extracellular ligands. A recent wealth of data on this intriguing family indicates that its members can fulfill either tumor suppressing or oncogenic roles. The interpretation of these results at a molecular level has been greatly facilitated by the recent availability of structural information on the extra- and intracellular regions of RPTPs. These structures provide a molecular framework to understand how alterations in extracellular interactions can inactivate RPTPs in cancers or why the overexpression of certain RPTPs may also participate in tumor progression.
Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Roman M
RM
Nikolaienko
Boadi
B
Agyekum
Samuel
S
Bouyain
D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D054557:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D054557:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases