Cell stress proteins in atherothrombosis.
Cell stress proteins (CSPS) are a large and heterogeneous family of proteins, sharing two main characteristics: their levels and/or location are modified under stress and most of them can exert a chaperon function inside the cells. Nonetheless, they are also involved in the modulation of several mechanisms, both at the intracellular and the extracellular compartments. There are more than 100 proteins belonging to the CSPs family, among them the thioredoxin (TRX) system, which is the focus of the present paper. TRX system is composed of several proteins such as TRX and peroxiredoxin (PRDX), two thiol-containing enzymes that are key players in redox homeostasis due to their ability to scavenge potential harmful reactive oxygen species. In addition to their main role as antioxidants, recent data highlights their function in several processes such as cell signalling, immune inflammatory responses, or apoptosis, all of them key mechanisms involved in atherothrombosis. Moreover, since TRX and PRDX are present in the pathological vascular wall and can be secreted under prooxidative conditions to the circulation, several studies have addressed their role as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
Vascular Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. jmadrigal@fjd.es
Julio
J
Madrigal-Matute
Roxana
R
Martinez-Pinna
Carlos Ernesto
CE
Fernandez-Garcia
Priscila
P
Ramos-Mozo
Elena
E
Burillo
Jesus
J
Egido
Luis Miguel
LM
Blanco-Colio
Jose Luis
JL
Martin-Ventura
D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D054464:Peroxiredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*
D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D013879:Thioredoxins; D054464:Peroxiredoxins