Enteropathogens identified in cats entering a Florida animal shelter with normal feces or diarrhea.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the frequency of enteropathogens in cats entering an animal shelter with normal feces or diarrhea.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study.


METHODS
100 cats evaluated at an open-admission municipal animal shelter in Florida.


METHODS
Fecal samples collected within 24 hours after admission from 50 cats with normal feces and 50 cats with diarrhea were tested by fecal flotation, antigen testing, PCR assay, and electron microscopy for selected enteropathogens.


RESULTS
12 enteropathogens were identified. Cats with diarrhea were no more likely to be infected with ≥ 1 (84%) enteropathogens than were cats with normal feces (84%). Only feline coronavirus was significantly more prevalent in cats with diarrhea (58%) than in cats with normal feces (36%). Other enteropathogens identified in cats with and without diarrhea included Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin A (42% and 50%, respectively), Cryptosporidium spp (10% and 20%, respectively), Giardia spp (20% and 8%, respectively), Cystoisospora spp (14% and 10%, respectively), hookworms (10% and 18%, respectively), ascarids (6% and 16%, respectively), Salmonella spp (6% and 4%, respectively), astrovirus (8% and 2%, respectively), feline panleukopenia virus (4% and 4%, respectively), calicivirus (0% and 2%, respectively), and Spirometra spp (0% and 2%, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
In the present study, cats entered the shelter with a variety of enteropathogens, many of which are pathogenic or zoonotic. Most infections were not associated with diarrhea or any specific risk factors such as signalment, source, or body condition, making it difficult to predict which cats were most likely to be infected. It is not possible to test all shelter cats for all possible infections, so practical guidelines should be developed to treat routinely for the most common and important enteropathogens.
Maddie's Shelter Medicine Program, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Stephanie J
SJ
Sabshin
Julie K
JK
Levy
Tiffany
T
Tupler
Sylvia J
SJ
Tucker
Ellis C
EC
Greiner
Christian M
CM
Leutenegger
D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D002415:Cats; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006799:Housing, Animal; D008297:Male; D010273:Parasitic Diseases, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*