Influence of the traditional Brazilian drink Ilex paraguariensis tea on glucose homeostasis.
In this study we examined the acute in vivo effect and short- and long-term in vitro effects of samples from native and commercial Ilex paraguariensis on glucose homeostasis. Also, the potential effect of I. paraguariensis on serum insulin secretion was investigated. The chemical identification and quantification of methyl xanthines and polyphenols in CH₂Cl₂, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions of native I. paraguariensis as well as infusions of green and roasted I. paraguariensis from a commercial source was verified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results for the serum glucose-lowering indicated that both fractions and both infusions were able to improve significantly the oral glucose tolerance curve. Additionally, both the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions induced-insulin secretion, but EtOAc induced an early (at 15 min) and late (at 60 min) biphasic peak of insulin secretion similar to glipizide stimulatory effect. Both fractions increased liver glycogen content compared with fasted normal rats. Also, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions inhibited in vitro disaccharidases activities after an acute treatment. The maximum inhibitory effect of the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions on maltase activity (at 5 min) was around 35%. The evident reduction of protein glycation by glucose or fructose with EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions increased from 7 to 28 days of in vitro incubation. Inhibition of bovine serum albumin glycation by glucose and fructose, by around 50% and 90%, respectively, was observed. Additionally, the green and roasted mate infusions reduced the formation of AGEs in a characteristic long-term effect. In conclusion, this study shows that I. paraguariensis has an anti-hyperglycemic potential role able to improve the diabetic status and is probably a source of multiple hypoglycemic compounds.
Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Cx. Postal 5069, CEP: 88040-970 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
D F
DF
Pereira
V D
VD
Kappel
L H
LH
Cazarolli
A A
AA
Boligon
M L
ML
Athayde
S M
SM
Guesser
E L
EL
Da Silva
F R M B
FR
Silva
D000818:Animals; D001628:Beverages; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001938:Brazil; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003132:Commerce; D004186:Disaccharidases / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D005913:Glipizide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030019:Ilex paraguariensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012016:Reference Values; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D013995:Time; D014970:Xanthines / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D011506:Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014970:Xanthines; D005632:Fructose; D006003:Glycogen; D004186:Disaccharidases; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005913:Glipizide