Oral manifestations of psoriasis. Clinical presentation and management.
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease of unknown etiology that affects the skin and mucous membranes. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), approximately five million Americans, 3% of the population, have been diagnosed with psoriasis. Oral manifestations of psoriasis are less well recognized than skin lesions, and treatment for oral lesions is not standardized. This article will review the clinical presentation of skin and mucous membrane psoriasis, along with the therapeutic modalities available to oral health-care providers.
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York, NY, USA. ldreyer@citytech.cuny.edu
Lois N
LN
Dreyer
Gwen Cohen
GC
Brown
D000077944:Alefacept; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068800:Etanercept; D005929:Glossitis, Benign Migratory / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D010166:Palliative Care; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C056627:Orabase; D004155:Diphenhydramine; D000069285:Infliximab; D000077944:Alefacept; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D000068800:Etanercept; C472181:efalizumab; D008727:Methotrexate