[Metabolite changes in the greasy tongue coating of patients with chronic gastritis].
OBJECTIVE
To explore the changes in metabolites in the greasy tongue coating in patients with chronic gastritis.


METHODS
Forty chronic gastritis patients presenting with greasy tongue coating, 30 chronic gastritis patients presenting with non-greasy tongue coating, and 20 healthy control persons presenting with light red tongues and thin white coating were enrolled, and the tongue coating was detected by combining artificial diagnosis and the Z-BOX Tongue Digital Analyzer's diagnosis. Samples of all the tongue coatings were collected before treatment. The metabolic fingerprinting of the tongue coating samples was obtained using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), and the metabolic components in the tongue coating samples were detected. After this, principal component analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to identify potential metabolic markers. Finally, the components were identified using the Chemspider and HMDB searching.


RESULTS
UPLC-MS results were analyzed by OPLS-DA and showed that the metabolites among the three groups were distributed in different regions. The different potential metabolic markers between the patients with or without greasy coating were 3-ketolactose, 2-deoxy-D-ribose, UDP-D-galactose metarhodopsin, ascorbate, picolinate and histidine. The different potential metabolic markers between the greasy coating group and the normal group were 3-ketolactose, UDP-D-galactose, leukotriene A4 and vitamin D(2).


CONCLUSIONS
The metabolites of the greasy coating group, the non-greasy coating group and the normal group show significant differences in energy metabolism, mainly of glucose metabolism. This demonstrated that glucose metabolism may be one of the mechanisms leading to the formation of greasy coating.
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. fufeng_lee@hotmail.com
Fu-feng
FF
Li
Jie
J
Zhao
Peng
P
Qian
Yi-qin
YQ
Wang
Jing-jing
JJ
Fu
Zhu-mei
ZM
Sun
Hai-xia
HX
Yan
Li
L
Yang
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005756:Gastritis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007785:Lactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D014059:Tongue / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
C015313:3-ketolactose; D007785:Lactose