Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for prevention of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of 72,128 patients.
BACKGROUND
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) have been linked to reduced risk of new-onset diabetes, but the evidence was insufficient.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ACEIs on the development of new-onset type 2 diabetes. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about ACEIs and new-onset diabetes were identified by electronic and manual searches.


RESULTS
Nine RCTs with 92,404 patients (72,128 non-diabetic patients at baseline) were included in this study. Compared with control group, incidence of new-onset diabetes was significantly reduced in the ACEIs group [OR 0.80, (0.71, 0.91)], irrespective of achieved blood pressure levels at the follow-up. ACEIs therapy was associated with significant reduction in the risk of new-onset diabetes compared with beta-blockers/diuretics [OR 0.78, (0.65, 0.93)], placebo [OR 0.79, (0.64, 0.96)], or calcium channel blockers [OR 0.85, (0.73, 0.99)]. ACEIs treatment was associated with significant reduction in the risk of new-onset diabetes in patients with hypertension [OR 0.80, (0.68, 0.93)], coronary artery disease (CAD) or cardiovascular disease [OR 0.83, (0.68, 1.00)], or heart failure [OR 0.22, (0.10, 0.47)]. Among patients with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose, ramipril did not significantly reduce the incidence of diabetes [OR 0.91, (0.79, 1.05)], but significantly increased regression to normoglycemia.


CONCLUSIONS
ACEIs have beneficial effects in preventing new-onset diabetes. ACEIs provide additional benefits of lowering the risk of new-onset diabetes in patients with hypertension, CAD or other cardiovascular disease.
Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120 Guangzhou, China.
Deng-feng
DF
Geng
Dong-mei
DM
Jin
Wei
W
Wu
Yong-de
YD
Liang
Jing-feng
JF
Wang
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors