Diacylglycerol kinase β in neurons: functional implications at the synapse and in disease.
Phosphoinositide cycle plays a pivotal role in neuronal signal transduction. In this cycle, diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) phosphorylates diacylglycerol (DG) to yield phosphatidic acid (PA). DG and PA acts as important second messengers that regulate distinct cascade of cellular events. Previous studies have disclosed that DGK consists of a family of isozymes that differ in their structure, enzymatic property, gene expression, subcellular localization, and binding partner. Intriguingly, most if not all DGK isozymes are abundantly expressed in the brain, suggesting important roles of this enzyme family in brain function. Of DGKs, DGKβ was the first enzyme identified as being expressed in a neuronal population in the brain. This review focuses on recent findings of DGKβ at the molecular, cellular, and organismal levels together with pathological implications in brain function and disease.
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Iida-nishi 2-2-2, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan. yahodumi@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp
Yasukazu
Y
Hozumi
Kaoru
K
Goto
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D019852:Diacylglycerol Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology*; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000201:enzymology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology
C011439:1,2-diacylglycerol; D004075:Diglycerides; D007527:Isoenzymes; D019852:Diacylglycerol Kinase