Is income area level associated with blood pressure in adults regardless of individual-level characteristics? A multilevel approach.
This population-based health survey was carried out in Florianopolis, Brazil, to assess the association between adult systolic blood pressure (SBP) and contextual income level, after controlling for potential individual-level confounders. A statistically significant negative association between SBP levels and contextual income was identified after adjusting for individual-level characteristics. SBP levels in the highest and in the intermediate tertiles of contextual income were 5.78 and 2.82 mm Hg lower, respectively, than that observed in the bottom tertile. The findings suggest an association between income area level and blood pressure, regardless of well-known individual-level hypertension risk factors.
Post-Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil. doroaph@yahoo.com.br
Doroteia A
DA
Höfelmann
José Leopoldo F
JL
Antunes
Diego A
DA
Santos Silva
Marco A
MA
Peres
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011204:Poverty Areas; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D055815:Young Adult