Mesoporous carbon amperometric glucose sensors using inexpensive, commercial methacrylate-based binders.
Two ordered, soft-templated mesoporous carbon powders with cubic and hexagonal framework structure and four different commercial, low cost methacrylate-based polymer binders with widely varying physical properties are investigated as screen printed electrodes for glucose sensors using glucose oxidase and ferricyanide as the mediator. Both the chemistry and concentration of the binder in the electrode formulation can significantly impact the performance. Poly(hydroxybutyl methacrylate) as the binder provides hydrophilicity to enable transport of species in the aqueous phase to the carbon surface, but yet is sufficiently hydrophobic to provide mechanical robustness to the sensor. The current from the mesoporous carbon electrodes can be more than an order of magnitude greater than for a commercial printed carbon electrode (Zensor) with improved sensitivity for model glucose solutions. Even when applying these sensors to rabbit whole blood, the performance of these glucose sensors compares favorably to a standard commercial glucose meter with the lower detection limit of the mesoporous electrode being approximately 20mgdL(-1) despite the lack of a separation membrane to prevent non-specific events; these results suggest that the small pore sizes and high surface areas associated with ordered mesoporous carbons may effectively decrease some non-specific inferences for electrochemical sensing.
School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, 550 East Orange St., Tempe, AZ 85287-9709, United States. mingzhi.dai@asu.edu
Mingzhi
M
Dai
Stephanie
S
Maxwell
Bryan D
BD
Vogt
Jeffrey T
JT
La Belle
D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D005292:Ferricyanides / Q000737:chemistry; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005292:Ferricyanides; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D020442:Poloxamer; D005557:Formaldehyde; C030613:polymethacrylic acid; D002244:Carbon; C011529:phenol-formaldehyde resin; D005949:Glucose Oxidase