The mouse palate and its cellular responses to midpalatal suture expansion forces.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the anatomy of the mouse palate, the midpalatal suture, and the cellular characteristics in the sutures before and immediately after midpalatal suture expansion.


METHODS
Wild-type C57BL/6 male mice, aged between 6 weeks and 12 months, were chosen for all the experiments. The complete palate of the non-operated group and the midpalatal suture-expanded group at different ages was used for histological, micro-CT, immunohistochemistry, and sutural cell analyses.


RESULTS
This study documents precise morphological and histological characteristics of the mouse palatal sutures. In addition to the opening of the midpalatal suture caused by expansion, both transverse and interpalatine sutures were also seen to be affected. Cellular density was decreased in different types of sutures following the application of mechanical force.


CONCLUSIONS
The detailed morphology and histology of the mouse palate and the cellular changes that occur following midpalatal suture expansion, as described here, will be helpful as a basis for further investigations of palatal suture tissue responses to mechanical force.
Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
N
N
Katebi
E
E
Kolpakova-Hart
C Y
CY
Lin
B R
BR
Olsen
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000473:pathology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000032:analysis; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000473:pathology*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique / Q000295:instrumentation; D010159:Palate / Q000473:pathology*; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000473:pathology; D010521:Periosteum / Q000473:pathology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
D024042:Collagen Type I; D024043:Collagen Type II