Carnobacterium iners sp. nov., a psychrophilic, lactic acid-producing bacterium from the littoral zone of an Antarctic pond.
Two lactic acid-producing, Gram-stain-positive rods were isolated from a microbial mat actively growing in the littoral zone of an Antarctic lake (Forlidas Pond) in the Pensacola mountains and studied using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The isolates were examined by phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, multilocus sequence analysis of pheS, rpoA and atpA, and biochemical and genotypic characteristics. One strain, designated LMG 26641, belonged to Carnobacterium alterfunditum and the other strain, designated LMG 26642(T), could be assigned to a novel species, with Carnobacterium funditum DSM 5970(T) as its closest phylogenetic neighbour (99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Carnobacterium iners sp. nov. could be distinguished biochemically from other members of the genus Carnobacterium by the lack of acid production from carbohydrates. DNA-DNA relatedness confirmed that strain LMG 26642(T) represented a novel species, for which we propose the name Carnobacterium iners sp. nov. (type strain is LMG 26642(T)  = CCUG 62000(T)).
Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Isabel
I
Snauwaert
Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Bart
B
Hoste
Applied Maths NV, Keistraat 120, B-9830 Sint-Martens-Latem, Belgium.
Katrien
K
De Bruyne
Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Karolien
K
Peeters
Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Luc
L
De Vuyst
Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Anne
A
Willems
Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Peter
P
Vandamme
D000864:Antarctic Regions; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D056573:Carnobacterium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D058885:Multilocus Sequence Typing; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000032:analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D061005:Ponds / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014871:Water Microbiology
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S