Cardiac remodeling as a consequence of atrial fibrillation: An anatomical study of perfusion-fixed human heart specimens.
BACKGROUND
Atrial fibrillation (AF) causes a continuum of atrial anatomical remodeling.


METHODS
Using a library of perfusion-fixed human hearts, specimens with AF were compared to controls. During this preliminary assessment study, direct measurements were taken of atrial volume, pulmonary vein (PV) circumference, and left atrial (LA) wall thicknesses.


RESULTS
Hearts with AF typically had larger atrial volumes, as well as a much larger variation in volume compared to controls (range of 59.6-227.1 mL in AF hearts compared to 65.1-115.9 mL in controls). For all hearts, right PVs were larger than left PVs (mean: 171.4 ± 84.6 mm([2]) for right and 118.2 ± 50.1 mm([2]) for left, P < 0.005). LA wall thicknesses ranged from 0.7 mm to 3.1 mm for both AF and control hearts.


CONCLUSIONS
Hearts with AF had a large range of sizes which is consistent with the progression of atrial remodeling during AF. The large range of thicknesses will influence the amount of energy needed to create transmural lesions during ablation procedures.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Christopher D
CD
Rolfes
Stephen A
SA
Howard
Ryan P
RP
Goff
Paul A
PA
Iaizzo