Hemodynamic changes comparing 2% lidocaine and 4% articaine with epinephrine 1: 100,000 in lower third molar surgery.
BACKGROUND
An increase in blood pressure during dental treatment has been investigated with regard to potential medical risks since previous studies suggest that dental procedures may cause stress to the patient and, consequently, the cardiovascular system. The aim of the present study was to analyze hemodynamic changes following the administration of either 2% lidocaine (L100) or 4% articaine (A100) (both with epinephrine 1:100,000) in the surgical removal of symmetrically positioned lower third molars.


METHODS
A prospective, randomized, double-blind, clinical trial was carried out involving 47 patients. Each patient underwent 1 surgery at each of 2 appointments--one under local anesthesia with L100 and the other with A100. The following parameters were assessed at 4 different times: systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure; heart rate; oxygen saturation; rate pressure product; and pressure rate quotient.


RESULTS
No hypertensive peak was observed in systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure at any evaluation time. Moreover, the type of anesthetic solution did not affect diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, or oxygen saturation during the surgeries. The pressure rate quotient was the only parameter to exhibit statistically significant differences between groups at different evaluation times (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The hemodynamic parameters evaluated in third molar surgery with 2% lidocaine and 4% articaine (both with epinephrine 1:100,000) did not show significant differences.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pernambuco School of Dentistry, Universidade de Pernambuco-Faculdade de Odontologia de Pernambuco, Camaragibe, Pernambuco, Brazil. heciomorais@hotmail.com
Hécio Henrique Araújo
HH
de Morais
Thiago
T
de Santana Santos
Fábio Andrey
FA
da Costa Araújo
Ruth Lopes
RL
de Freitas Xavier
André
A
Vajgel
Ricardo José
RJ
de Holanda Vasconcellos
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002355:Carticaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D002355:Carticaine; D004837:Epinephrine