Oxygenated drinking water enhances immune activity in pigs and increases immune responses of pigs during Salmonella typhimurium infection.
It has been considered that drinking oxygenated water improves oxygen availability, which may increase vitality and improve immune functions. The present study evaluated the effects of oxygenated drinking water on immune function in pigs. Continuous drinking of oxygenated water markedly increased peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, interleukin-1β expression level and the CD4(+):CD8(+) cell ratio in pigs. During Salmonella Typhimurium infection, total leukocytes and relative cytokines expression levels were significantly increased in pigs consuming oxygenated water compared with pigs consuming tap water. These findings suggest that oxygenated drinking water enhances immune activity in pigs and increases immune responses of pigs during S. Typhimurium Infection.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
Bock-Gie
BG
Jung
Jin-A
JA
Lee
Bong-Joo
BJ
Lee
D000818:Animals; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio / Q000662:veterinary; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000276:immunology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*
D017931:DNA Primers; D060766:Drinking Water; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D010100:Oxygen