Cigarette smoking increases levels of retinol-binding protein-4 in healthy men with normal glucose tolerance.
BACKGROUND
Smoking is related with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Retinol-binding protein-4 is a new adipocytokine associated with insulin resistance. We investigated the serum levels of a series of adipocytokines including retinol-binding protein-4 in smokers and non-smokers to explore the possible roles of adipocytokines on smoking induced insulin resistance.


METHODS
A total of 136 healthy male subjects (92 smokers and 44 non-smokers) with normal glucose tolerance were enrolled in the study. Adipocytokines including retinol-binding protein-4, visfatin, leptin, resistin, adiponectin were measured for the comparison between the two groups. Serum lipid profile, glucose, true insulin and proinsulin levels were measured as well in both groups. Food intake spectrum was also investigated.


RESULTS
Both groups had similar profile of food consumption; visfatin, leptin, resistin and adiponectin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, as well as blood pressure and body mass index, were similar in both groups. Triglycerides, retinol-binding protein-4 and homeostatic model assessment index for insulin resistance were higher in smoker group ((2.58 ± 2.53) vs. (1.60 ± 0.94) mmol/L, (26.05 ± 8.50) vs. (21.83 ± 8.40) µg/ml, and 2.25 ± 2.08 vs. 1.58 ± 1.15, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Smoking may have effect on insulin sensitivity, which is correlated with retinol-binding protein-4.
Department of Endocrinology, Jingxi Branch, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Captial Medical University, Beijing 100043, China.
Shan
S
Gao
Yong-Hui
YH
Wang
Ming
M
Li
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D052242:Adiponectin; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; D012177:Retinol-Binding Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase