Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) current, structure, and function.
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry describes the phenomenon that connects a depletion of internal Ca(2+) stores to an activation of plasma membrane-located Ca(2+) selective ion channels. Tremendous progress towards the underlying molecular mechanism came with the discovery of the two respective limiting components, STIM and Orai. STIM1 represents the ER-located Ca(2+) sensor and transmits the signal of store depletion to the plasma membrane. Here it couples to and activates Orai, the highly Ca(2+)-selective pore-forming subunit of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) channels. In this review, we focus on the molecular steps that these two proteins undergo from store-depletion to their coupling, the activation, and regulation of Ca(2+) currents.
Institute of Biophysics, University of Linz, Gruberstrasse 40, 4020 Linz, Austria.
Martin
M
Muik
Rainer
R
Schindl
Marc
M
Fahrner
Christoph
C
Romanin
D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
D015220:Calcium Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; C103530:STIM1 protein, human; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D002118:Calcium