Use of locking-loop pigtail nephrostomy catheters in dogs and cats: 20 cases (2004-2009).
OBJECTIVE
To describe the procedure and clinical usefulness of locking-loop pigtail nephrostomy catheter (PNC) placement in dogs and cats.


METHODS
Retrospective case series.


METHODS
16 cats (18 kidneys) and 4 dogs (4 kidneys) that underwent PNC placement.


METHODS
Medical records of patients that underwent PNC placement were reviewed. The PNCs were placed percutaneously with ultrasonographic and fluoroscopic guidance or via a ventral midline laparotomy with fluoroscopic guidance. Either a modified Seldinger technique or a 1-stab trocar introduction technique was used for PNC placement. Preoperative renal pelvic size, postoperative renal pelvic decompression, catheter patency, serum biochemical changes, and results of microbial culture of urine samples were reviewed. Length of time the catheter was in place, reason and method for catheter removal, complications, and clinical outcomes were noted.


RESULTS
Reasons for PNC placement were ureterolithiasis (15 kidneys), ureteral stricture (3), malignant obstruction (2), and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2). Seven of 22 catheters were placed percutaneously, and 15 were placed via a ventral midline laparotomy. Catheters were either size 5F (n = 17) or 6F (5). The PNCs remained indwelling for a median of 7 days (range, 1 to 28 days). Catheter-associated complications included urine leakage (n = 1) and accidental dislodgement by the patient at home (1). All catheters performed successfully by providing temporary urine diversion and drainage for successful renal pelvis decompression.


CONCLUSIONS
Placement of locking-loop PNCs was safe, effective, and well tolerated in dogs and cats for temporary urine diversion to achieve renal pelvis decompression.
Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Animal Medical Center, 510 E 62nd St, New York, NY 10065, USA. Allyson.Berent@amcny.org
Allyson C
AC
Berent
Chick W
CW
Weisse
Kimberly L
KL
Todd
Demetrius H
DH
Bagley
D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000662:veterinary*; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*