Seasonality of self-destructive behaviour: seasonal variations in demographic and suicidal characteristics in Van, Turkey.
OBJECTIVE
Seasonality is one of the most interesting but still elusive issue in suicide research. Linkages of seasonality in suicides to possible contributors such as gender, type of method used, and climatic factors have received attention in different cultures. We aimed at evaluating seasonal trends in suicidal behaviour according to demographic characteristics, reasons for self-destructive behaviour and means preferred in suicide.


METHODS
Our aim was to assess the seasonal variation in self-destructive behaviour in terms of completed and attempted suicides in a 3-year time period from 2008 to 2010 in Van, Turkey. A total of 1448 cases were registered over a 3-year time period in the city. Seasonal deviations in demographic characteristics, reasons for suicide, and methods of suicide were evaluated.


RESULTS
Seasonal distribution of both completed and attempted suicides by gender did not significantly deviate. On the other hand, we found a significant decline in self-destructive behaviours among those who were single and student in the spring. We found a peak in self-destructive behaviours in the autumn among Individuals who suffer from psychological problems.


CONCLUSIONS
Subjects with psychological difficulties were more prone to commit suicide in autumn. Seasonal differences in methods of suicide used by suicidal subjects were not significant.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey. adem.dr@gmail.com
Adem
A
Aydin
Mustafa
M
Gulec
Murat
M
Boysan
Yavuz
Y
Selvi
Fatih
F
Selvi
Muhammed Tayyib
MT
Kadak
Lutfullah
L
Besiroglu
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology