title: IgA anti-transglutaminase autoantibodies at type 1 diabetes onset are less frequent in adult patients and are associated with a general celiac-specific lower immune response in comparison with nondiabetic celiac patients at diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the celiac-associated humoral autoimmunity in child, adolescent, and adult patients at type 1 diabetes (DM1) onset and to determine whether DM1 celiac-specific humoral immunoreactivity occurs similarly to that in nondiabetic patients at celiac disease (CD) diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  IgA anti-transglutaminase autoantibody (IgA-tTGAb) was detected in 654 new-onset DM1 sera. IgA-tTGAb(+) DM1 sera were subsequently analyzed for IgG-tTG, deamidated gliadin (DGP), and actin antibodies, and results were compared with those found in 83 screen-detected nondiabetic patients at CD diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 12.8% DM1 sera were IgA-tTGAb(+), with a lower autoantibody frequency in adult patients aged >18 years (6.8 vs. 15.1%, aged ≤18 years; P = 0.005). IgA-tTGAb titers, IgG-tTGAb, and DGPAb frequency/titers and mean number of celiac-autoantibody positivities per patient were significantly lower in IgA-tTGAb(+) DM1 compared with nondiabetic CD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age of diabetes onset is negatively associated with risk of CD. The celiac-specific humoral immunoreactivity at DM1 onset is significantly lower compared with that found in nondiabetic patients at CD diagnosis.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Tiberti
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Panimolle
authors: Margherita
authors: M
authors: Bonamico
authors: Blegina
authors: B
authors: Shashaj
authors: Tiziana
authors: T
authors: Filardi
authors: Federica
authors: F
authors: Lucantoni
authors: Raffaella
authors: R
authors: Nenna
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Costantino
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Lenzi
authors: Susanna
authors: S
authors: Morano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D011503:Transglutaminases