title: Relationship between apolipoprotein E4 genotype and white matter integrity in HIV-positive young adults in South Africa.
abstract: HIV-associated dementia (HAD) is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder affecting people with AIDS. Host genotype may affect the pathogenesis of HIV in the central nervous system (CNS). One gene relevant to the individual variation in acquiring HAD may be Apolipoprotein E (ApoE). We aimed to investigate the relationship of ApoE genotype to neuropsychological function and white matter integrity of the corpus callosum in a region of interest a priori analysis of HIV-positive subjects with clade C HIV. Forty-five subjects underwent ApoE genotyping, neuropsychological testing, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Subjects (n = 24) with at least one ε4 allele when compared to subjects with no ε4 allele (n = 19) had significantly decreased immediate and delayed recall on the Hopkins Verbal Learning test (p = 0.05) and significantly decreased fractional anisotrophy in the corpus callosum (p = 0.007). These data indicate that the ε4 allelic variant of ApoE is associated with memory impairment and white matter damage of the corpus callosum in HIV-positive subjects.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa. hoare.jax@googlemail.com
authors: Jacqueline
authors: J
authors: Hoare
authors: Jenny
authors: J
authors: Westgarth-Taylor
authors: Jean-Paul
authors: JP
authors: Fouche
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Combrinck
authors: Bruce
authors: B
authors: Spottiswoode
authors: Dan J
authors: DJ
authors: Stein
authors: John A
authors: JA
authors: Joska
mesh_terms: D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015704:CD4 Antigens