title: Regulation of adipose differentiation by fructose and GluT5.
abstract: Adipose tissue is an important metabolic organ that is crucial for whole-body insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis. Highly refined fructose intake increases visceral adiposity although the mechanism(s) remain unclear. Differentiation of preadipocytes to mature adipocytes is a highly regulated process that is associated with characteristic sequential changes in adipocyte gene expression. We demonstrate that fructose treatment of murine 3T3-L1 cells incubated in standard differentiation medium increases adipogenesis and adipocyte-related gene expression. We further show that the key fructose transporter, GluT5, is expressed in early-stage adipocyte differentiation but is not expressed in mature adipocytes. GluT5 overexpression or knockdown increased and decreased adipocyte differentiation, respectively, and treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with a specific GluT5 inhibitor decreased adipocyte differentiation. Epidymal white adipose tissue was reduced in GluT5-/- mice compared with wild-type mice, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts derived from GluT5-/- mice exhibited impaired adipocyte differentiation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that fructose and GluT5 play an important role in regulating adipose differentiation.
authors: David Geffen School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 9240-P Factor Building, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Du
authors: Anthony P
authors: AP
authors: Heaney
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D050156:Adipogenesis; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D005632:Fructose / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D034622:RNA Interference
chemical_list: D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; D051296:Glucose Transporter Type 5; C465351:Slc2a5 protein, mouse; D005632:Fructose