title: Silver nanoparticle-algae interactions: oxidative dissolution, reactive oxygen species generation and synergistic toxic effects.
abstract: The short-term toxicity of citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and ionic silver Ag(I) to the ichthyotoxic marine raphidophyte Chattonella marina has been examined using the fluorometric indicator alamarBlue. Aggregation and dissolution of AgNPs occurred after addition to GSe medium while uptake of dissolved Ag(I) occurred in the presence of C. marina. Based on total silver mass, toxicity was much higher for Ag(I) than for AgNPs. Cysteine, a strong Ag(I) ligand, completely removed the inhibitory effects of Ag(I) and AgNPs on the metabolic activity of C. marina, suggesting that the toxicity of AgNPs was due to the release of Ag(I). Synergistic toxic effects of AgNPs/Ag(I) and C. marina to fish gill cells were observed with these effects possibly attributable to enhancement in the generation of reactive oxygen species by C. marina on exposure of the organism to silver.
authors: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2052.
authors: Di
authors: D
authors: He
authors: Juan José
authors: JJ
authors: Dorantes-Aranda
authors: T David
authors: TD
authors: Waite
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005399:Fishes; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D058086:Microalgae / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012834:Silver