title: The ubiquitin-proteasome system and signal transduction pathways regulating Epithelial Mesenchymal transition of cancer.
abstract: Epithelial to Mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer, a process permitting cancer cells to become mobile and metastatic, has a signaling hardwire forged from development. Multiple signaling pathways that regulate carcinogenesis enabling characteristics in neoplastic cells such as proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and angiogenesis are also the main players in EMT. These pathways, as almost all cellular processes, are in their turn regulated by ubiquitination and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS). Ubiquitination is the covalent link of target proteins with the small protein ubiquitin and serves as a signal to target protein degradation by the proteasome or to other outcomes such as endocytosis, degradation by the lysosome or specification of cellular localization. This paper reviews signal transduction pathways regulating EMT and being regulated by ubiquitination.
authors: Centre Pluridisciplinaire d'Oncologie, BH06, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Bugnon 46, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland. ivoutsadakis@yahoo.com
authors: Ioannis A
authors: IA
authors: Voutsadakis
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D025801:Ubiquitin; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex