title: Global transcriptome analysis in influenza-infected mouse lungs reveals the kinetics of innate and adaptive host immune responses.
abstract: An infection represents a highly dynamic process involving complex biological responses of the host at many levels. To describe such processes at a global level, we recorded gene expression changes in mouse lungs after a non-lethal infection with influenza A virus over a period of 60 days. Global analysis of the large data set identified distinct phases of the host response. The increase in interferon genes and up-regulation of a defined NK-specific gene set revealed the initiation of the early innate immune response phase. Subsequently, infiltration and activation of T and B cells could be observed by an augmentation of T and B cell specific signature gene expression. The changes in B cell gene expression and preceding chemokine subsets were associated with the formation of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. In addition, we compared the gene expression profiles from wild type mice with Rag2 mutant mice. This analysis readily demonstrated that the deficiency in the T and B cell responses in Rag2 mutants could be detected by changes in the global gene expression patterns of the whole lung. In conclusion, our comprehensive gene expression study describes for the first time the entire host response and its kinetics to an acute influenza A infection at the transcriptome level.
authors: Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Pommerenke
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Wilk
authors: Barkha
authors: B
authors: Srivastava
authors: Annika
authors: A
authors: Schulze
authors: Natalia
authors: N
authors: Novoselova
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Geffers
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Schughart
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000821:virology; D007700:Kinetics; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009154:Mutation; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C499308:Rag2 protein, mouse; D007372:Interferons