title: Serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules as prognostic factors for acute liver failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In patients with septic shock, the degree of liver dysfunction is correlated with serum levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM)-1. We aimed to assess the usefulness of serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules as prognostic factors for acute liver failure (ALF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of soluble platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (sPECAM)-1, sICAM-3, soluble endothelial (sE) selectin, sICAM-1, soluble platelet selectin, and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 on admission were measured in 37 ALF patients and 34 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two ALF patients (59%) reached to fatal outcomes. Serum levels of sPECAM-1, sICAM-3, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 were higher in ALF patients than healthy controls. In 37 ALF patients, by the multivariate logistic regression analysis, ratio of direct to total bilirubin (per 0.1 increase; OR 0.11, 95% CI 0.01-0.99), serum sPECAM-1 level (per 100 ng/ml increase; OR 4.37, 95% CI 1.23-15.5) and serum sICAM-1 level (per 100 ng/ml increase; OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.89) were associated with fatal outcomes. Using receiver operating characteristics curve, each area under the curve of serum sPECAM-1 and sICMA-1 levels as prognostic factors was 0.71 and 0.74, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum sPECAM-1 and sICAM-1 levels may be useful for predicting the prognosis of ALF.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors: Atsuyuki
authors: A
authors: Ohnishi
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Miyake
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Matsushita
authors: Kazuyuki
authors: K
authors: Matsumoto
authors: Akinobu
authors: A
authors: Takaki
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Yasunaka
authors: Kazuko
authors: K
authors: Koike
authors: Fusao
authors: F
authors: Ikeda
authors: Hidenori
authors: H
authors: Shiraha
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Nouso
authors: Kazuhide
authors: K
authors: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D017114:Liver Failure, Acute / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; C483616:ICAM3 protein, human; D019007:P-Selectin; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1