title: The crown angulations and inclinations in Dravidian population with normal occlusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There has always been a constant search for the definition of idealistic and realistic orthodontic treatment goals for different ethnic groups around the world. This study was hence devised to study the mesio-distal angulations and labio-lingual inclinations of the clinical crowns in Dravidian population with pleasing profiles and non-orthodontic normal occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty dental casts from a Dravidian sample (21.5 years) with Class I canine and molar relation; normal maxillo-mandibular relationship; well-aligned arches; with no dental anomaly, restorations or attrition; no history of previous orthodontic treatment, and exhibiting normal growth were studied. A custom-made tip-torque device was used to measure the crown angulations and inclinations. The arithmetic mean and standard deviations for each tooth type were compared with those of Andrew's Caucasian norms using Student's 't' test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study group exhibited statistically significant decrease in crown angulation (mesial tip) and increased labial crown torque in both upper and lower anteriors. The lower anteriors exhibited distal crown tip while the posteriors were significantly tipped more mesially. All the posteriors demonstrated increased lingual crown torque.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tip and torque modifications are suggested for the fine finishing and easy retention of occlusion in Dravidians while using straight wire appliance.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, King Saud University Dental College and Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Praveena
authors: P
authors: Kannabiran
authors: Gnanasagar J
authors: GJ
authors: Thirukonda
authors: Lodd
authors: L
authors: Mahendra
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003481:Cuspid / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005006:Ethnicity; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D007194:India; D008334:Mandible; D008437:Maxilla; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D009811:Odontometry; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D044465:White People; D055815:Young Adult