title: Nitric oxide implication in cadmium-induced programmed cell death in roots and signaling response of yellow lupine plants.
abstract: The sequence of events leading to the programmed cell death (PCD) induced by heavy metals in plants is still the object of extensive investigation. In this study we showed that roots of 3-day old yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) seedlings exposed to cadmium (Cd, 89μM CdCl(2)) resulted in PCD starting from 24h of stress duration, which was evidenced by TUNEL-positive reaction. Cd-induced PCD was preceded by a relatively early burst of nitric oxide (NO) localized mainly in the root tips. Above changes were accompanied by the NADPH-oxidase-dependent superoxide anion (O(2)(·-)) production. However, the concomitant high level of both NO and O(2)(·-) at the 24th h of Cd exposure did not provoke an enhanced peroxynitrite formation. The treatment with the NADPH-oxidase inhibitor and NO-scavenger significantly reduced O(2)(·-) and NO production, respectively, as well as diminished the pool of cells undergoing PCD. The obtained data indicate that boosted NO and O(2)(·-) production is required for Cd-induced PCD in lupine roots. Moreover, we found that in roots of 14-day old lupine plants the NO-dependent Cd-induced PCD was correlated with the enhanced level of the post-stress signals in leaves, including distal NO cross-talk with hydrogen peroxide.
authors: Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Arasimowicz-Jelonek
authors: Jolanta
authors: J
authors: Floryszak-Wieczorek
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Deckert
authors: Renata
authors: R
authors: Rucińska-Sobkowiak
authors: Jarosław
authors: J
authors: Gzyl
authors: Sylwia
authors: S
authors: Pawlak-Sprada
authors: Dariusz
authors: D
authors: Abramowski
authors: Tomasz
authors: T
authors: Jelonek
authors: Edward A
authors: EA
authors: Gwóźdź
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D031297:Lupinus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000494:pharmacology; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D036226:Seedlings / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D002104:Cadmium; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D010100:Oxygen