title: Local and circulating levels of adipocytokines in obese and normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to evaluate the local and circulating levels of adipocytokines (resistin, adiponectin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and interleukin [IL]-6) in individuals who are obese and individuals who are normal weight (NW) with chronic periodontitis (CP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Periodontal and anthropometric examinations were performed. Based on these measurements, the individuals were divided into one of the following groups: NW non-periodontitis (NP) (NWNP; n = 20); NWCP (n = 20); obese NP (ONP; n = 18); and obese CP (OCP; n = 20). The levels of adipocytokines were evaluated in the serum and gingival crevicular fluid of shallow and deep sites by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In serum, resistin levels were higher whereas adiponectin levels were lower in periodontitis than in NP groups (P <0.05). The NWNP group presented the lowest serum leptin levels (P <0.05). The ONP and OCP groups demonstrated higher TNF-α levels in periodontal sites than the NWNP and NWCP groups (P <0.05). Serum levels of IL-6 (P = 0.04) and leptin (P = 0.01) were correlated with the OCP group, with odds ratios of 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.01 to -0.00) and 0.99 (95% CI: -0.00 to -0.00), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periodontitis mainly influenced the circulating levels of resistin and adiponectin, whereas both obesity and periodontitis affected the circulating levels of leptin in favor of proinflammation. In addition, obesity upregulated the local levels of TNF-α.
authors: Department of Periodontology, Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Glaucia Santos
authors: GS
authors: Zimmermann
authors: Marta Ferreira
authors: MF
authors: Bastos
authors: Tiago Eduardo
authors: TE
authors: Dias Gonçalves
authors: Leandro
authors: L
authors: Chambrone
authors: Poliana Mendes
authors: PM
authors: Duarte
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000378:metabolism; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha