title: Anti-inflammatory effect of pachymic acid promotes odontoblastic differentiation via HO-1 in dental pulp cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is contributed to odontoblast differentiation in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). In this study, pachymic acid from mushroom Formitopsis niagra is examined to determine whether it affects pulpal inflammation and promotes odontogenesis via HO-1 gene expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  The HDPCs were given H2O2 for inflammation. The anti-inflammatory character and odontoblast differentiation by pachymic acid were analyzed by Western blotting, alkaline phosphatase activity, and alizarin red S staining. To understand the mechanism of pachymic acid via HO-1 induction, the cells were treated with zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP: HO-1 inhibitor).
  
  
  RESULTS
  H2O2 induced pulp inflammation and disturbed odontoblast differentiation. However, the HDPCs treated with pachymic acid affected anti-inflammatory effect and induction of odontoblast differentiation through increasing HO-1 expression. In addition, pachymic acid has potent cytoprotection and mineralization under H2O2 treatment. Furthermore, pachymic acid significantly suppressed nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) translocation into nucleus and induced NE-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) translocation into nucleus. Overall, NF-κB and Nrf2 translocation were regulated by the HO-1 pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pachymic acid showed anti-inflammatory function and odontoblast differentiation via HO-1 pathway. These results suggested that pachymic acid may be applicable for prevention of oral inflammation or to improve dentin mineralization against several stresses.
authors: Department of Oral Biochemistry, BK21 program, Jeonju, Korea.
authors: Y-H
authors: YH
authors: Lee
authors: N-H
authors: NH
authors: Lee
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Bhattarai
authors: G-E
authors: GE
authors: Kim
authors: I-K
authors: IK
authors: Lee
authors: B-S
authors: BS
authors: Yun
authors: P-H
authors: PH
authors: Hwang
authors: H-K
authors: HK
authors: Yi
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D014315:Triterpenes; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C102487:pachymic acid