title: Biomimetic poly(lactide) based fibrous scaffolds for ligament tissue engineering.
abstract: The aim of this study was to fabricate a fibrous scaffold that closely resembled the micro-structural architecture and mechanical properties of collagen fibres found in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). To achieve this aim, fibrous scaffolds were made by electrospinning L-lactide based polymers. L-Lactide was chosen primarily due to its demonstrated biocompatibility, biodegradability and high modulus. The electrospun fibres were collected in tension on a rotating wire mandrel. Upon treating these fibres in a heated aqueous environment, they possessed a crimp-like pattern having a wavelength and amplitude similar to that of native ACL collagen. Of the polymer fibre scaffolds studied, those made from poly(L-lactide-co-D,L-lactide) PLDLA exhibited the highest modulus and were also the most resilient to in vitro hydrolytic degradation, undergoing a slight decrease in modulus compared to the other polymeric fibres over a 6 month period. Bovine fibroblasts seeded on the wavy, crimp-like PLDLA fibres attached, proliferated and deposited extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules on the surface of the fibrous scaffold. In addition, the deposited ECM exhibited bundle formation that resembled the fascicles found in native ACL. These findings demonstrate the importance of replicating the geometric microenvironment in developing effective tissue engineering scaffolds.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
authors: Denver C
authors: DC
authors: Surrao
authors: Stephen D
authors: SD
authors: Waldman
authors: Brian G
authors: BG
authors: Amsden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000187:drug effects; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008022:Ligaments / Q000187:drug effects*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011091:Polyesters / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)