title: Combined photoablative and photodynamic diode laser therapy as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal treatment: a randomized split-mouth clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comparing the efficacy of photoablative and photodynamic diode laser in adjunct to scaling -root planing (SRP) and SRP alone for the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients were studied. Maxillary left or right quadrants were randomly assigned to sham-laser treatment + SRP or laser + SRP. This consisted of photoablative intra/extra-pocket de-epithelization with diode laser (λ = 810 nm), followed by single SRP and multiple photodynamic treatments (once weekly, 4-10 applications, mean ± SD: 3.7 ± 2.4) using diode laser (λ = 635 nm) and 0.3% methylene blue as photosensitizer. The patients were monitored at days 0 and 365 by clinical assessment (probing depth, PD; clinical attachment level, CAL; bleeding on probing, BOP) and at days 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 365 by cytofluorescence analysis of gingival exfoliative samples taken in proximity of the teeth to be treated (polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMN; red blood cells, RBC; damaged epithelial cells, DEC; bacteria).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At day 365, compared with the control quadrants, the laser + SRP therapy yielded a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in PD (-1.9 mm), CAL (-1.7 mm) and BOP (-33.2% bleeding sites), as well as in bacterial contamination - especially spirochetes - and PMN and RBC shedding in the gingival samples (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diode laser treatment (photoablation followed by multiple photodynamic cycles) adjunctive to conventional SRP improves healing in chronic periodontitis patients.
authors: Odontostomatologic Laser Therapy Center, Florence, Italy.
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Giannelli
authors: Lucia
authors: L
authors: Formigli
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Lorenzini
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Bani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D012534:Dental Scaling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000601:surgery; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D008751:Methylene Blue