title: Psychometric evaluation of visual analog scale for the assessment of chronic tinnitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The development of therapeutic interventions for chronic tinnitus requires sensitive and clinically responsive tools to measure treatment-induced changes in tinnitus loudness and annoyance. In this study, the authors evaluated the psychometric properties of patient-reported visual analog scales (VAS) for measuring subjectively perceived tinnitus loudness and annoyance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors analyzed data from a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of acoustic coordinated reset (CR) neuromodulation in patients with chronic tinnitus (trial registration: "Randomized Evaluation of Sound Evoked Treatment of Tinnitus [RESET] study"; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00927121) to assess the reliability, validity, and minimally clinically identifiable difference (MCID) of the VAS loudness and VAS annoyance. The VAS loudness and VAS annoyance were completed at screening, at baseline, and at 5 visits during the 16 weeks of the clinical study. Data were analyzed with respect to test-retest reliability, validity, and MCID.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VAS loudness and VAS annoyance showed good test-retest reliability of .8 and .79, respectively. In terms of convergent validity, VAS loudness and VAS annoyance correlated well with the tinnitus questionnaire at all clinical visits (max   r = .67,   p < .05). MCID estimates clustered between 10 and 15 points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VAS loudness and VAS annoyance are valid and effective measurements for capturing reductions in tinnitus severity in patients with chronic tinnitus.
authors: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Neuromodulation Research Center, Jülich, Germany. i.adamchic@fz-juelich.de
authors: Ilya
authors: I
authors: Adamchic
authors: Berthold
authors: B
authors: Langguth
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Hauptmann
authors: Peter Alexander
authors: PA
authors: Tass
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057566:Self Report; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy