title: Phylogenetic and molecular evolution of the ADAM (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease) gene family from Xenopus tropicalis, to Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, and Homo sapiens.
abstract: ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) genes have been identified in various tissues and species, and recently associated with several important human diseases such as tumor and asthma. Although various biological processes have been known for the ADAM family in different species including fertilization, neurogenesis, infection and inflammation, little is known about its detailed phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary history. In this study, the ADAMs of Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, and Homo sapiens were collected and analyzed by using the Bayesian analysis and gene synteny analysis to establish a comprehensive phylogenetic relationship and evolutionary drive of this gene family. It was found that there were more ADAMs in the two rodents than in the amphibian, suggesting an expansion of the ADAM gene family during the early evolution of mammals. All ADAMs from this expansion were retained in both the rodents, but other duplication events occurred subsequently in the two rodents, respectively, leading to the classification of rodent ADAMs as classes I, II and III. Moreover, these duplicated ADAM genes in the rodents were found to be driven by positive selection, which might be the major force to retain them in the genome. Importantly, it was also found that orthologs of ADAM3 and 5 have been lost in humans. These results not only provide valuable information of the evolution of ADAM genes, but may also help in understanding the role of ADAM genes in the pathobiology of relevant diseases.
authors: Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
authors: Jiaoyue
authors: J
authors: Long
authors: Meng
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Ren
authors: Chiyu
authors: C
authors: Zhang
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Fan
authors: Yiyuan
authors: Y
authors: Duan
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Chen
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Li
authors: Linhong
authors: L
authors: Deng
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D016678:Genome; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010802:Phylogeny; D051381:Rats; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: D051722:ADAM Proteins