title: Dopamine genes (DRD2/ANKK1-TaqA1 and DRD4-7R) and executive function: their interaction with obesity.
abstract: Obesity is a multifactorial disease caused by the interaction between genotype and environment, and it is considered to be a type of addictive alteration. The A1 allele of the DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA gene has been associated with addictive disorders, with obesity and with the performance in executive functions. The 7 repeat allele of the DRD4 gene has likewise been associated with the performance in executive functions, as well as with addictive behaviors and impulsivity. Participants were included in the obesity group (N = 42) if their body mass index (BMI) was equal to or above 30, and in the lean group (N = 42) if their BMI was below 25. The DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA and DRD4 VNTR polymorphisms were obtained. All subjects underwent neuropsychological assessment. Eating behavior traits were evaluated. The 'DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA A1-allele status' had a significant effect on almost all the executive variables, but no significant 'DRD4 7R-allele status' effects were observed for any of the executive variables analyzed. There was a significant 'group' x 'DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA A1-allele status' interaction effect on LN and 'group' x 'DRD4 7R-allele status' interaction effect on TMT B-A score. Being obese and a carrier of the A1 allele of DRD2/ANKK1-TaqIA or the 7R allele of DRD4 VNTR polymorphisms could confer a weakness as regards the performance of executive functions.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Mar
authors: M
authors: Ariza
authors: Maite
authors: M
authors: Garolera
authors: Maria Angeles
authors: MA
authors: Jurado
authors: Isabel
authors: I
authors: Garcia-Garcia
authors: Imma
authors: I
authors: Hernan
authors: Consuelo
authors: C
authors: Sánchez-Garre
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Vernet-Vernet
authors: Maria Jose
authors: MJ
authors: Sender-Palacios
authors: Idoia
authors: I
authors: Marques-Iturria
authors: Roser
authors: R
authors: Pueyo
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Segura
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Narberhaus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C493599:DRD4 protein, human; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4