title: Emerging roles of PKM2 in cell metabolism and cancer progression.
abstract: Increased conversion of glucose to lactate is a key feature of many cancer cells that promotes rapid growth. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) expression is increased and facilitates lactate production in cancer cells. Modulation of PKM2 catalytic activity also regulates the synthesis of DNA and lipids that are required for cell proliferation, and of NADPH that is required for redox homeostasis. In addition to its role as a pyruvate kinase, PKM2 also functions as a protein kinase and as a transcriptional coactivator. These biochemical activities are controlled by allosteric regulators and post-translational modifications of PKM2 that include acetylation, oxidation, phosphorylation, prolyl hydroxylation, and sumoylation. Given its pleiotropic effects on cancer biology, PKM2 represents an attractive target for cancer therapy.
authors: Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors: Weibo
authors: W
authors: Luo
authors: Gregg L
authors: GL
authors: Semenza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097810:Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005947:Glucose; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011770:Pyruvate Kinase; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D000097810:Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins