title: Effects of oat β-glucan on the macrophage cytokine response to herpes simplex virus 1 infection in vitro.
abstract: Oat β-glucan can counteract the increased risk for Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1) infection in mice, the effects of which have, at least in part, been attributed to macrophages. However, the specific responses of macrophages to oat β-glucan treatment in this model have yet to be elucidated. We examined the effects of varying doses of oat β-glucan on the pro-inflammatory cytokine response in both peritoneal and lung macrophages with and without exposure to HSV-1 infection in vitro. Peritoneal and lung macrophages were obtained from mice and cultured with varying concentrations of oat β-glucan (0 (control), 10, 100, and 1,000 μg) for 24 h and supernatants were collected. A standardized dose of HSV-1 was added for a second 24 h incubation period after which supernatants were again collected. Samples were analyzed for interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In most cases, oat β-glucan resulted in a dose-dependent increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) in lung and peritoneal macrophages with and without exposure to HSV-1 infection. When comparing across macrophage source, this response was greater for IL-1β and IL-6 in peritoneal macrophages and for TNF-α in lung macrophages. This may be a mechanism for the decreased risk for HSV-1 infection following oat β-glucan feedings in mice.
authors: Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, USA. angela.murphy@uscmed.sc.edu
authors: E Angela
authors: EA
authors: Murphy
authors: J Mark
authors: JM
authors: Davis
authors: Adrienne S
authors: AS
authors: Brown
authors: Martin D
authors: MD
authors: Carmichael
authors: Abdul
authors: A
authors: Ghaffar
authors: Eugene P
authors: EP
authors: Mayer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D047071:beta-Glucans