title: Heme oxygenase-1 as a target for TGF-β in kidney disease.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional regulatory cytokine that is implicated in a variety of kidney diseases, including diabetic nephropathy and chronic transplant rejection, where it promotes stimulation of the extracellular matrix deposition, cell proliferation, and migration. TGF-β exerts its biological functions largely via its downstream complex signaling molecules, Smad proteins. Paradoxically, TGF-β also is essential for normal homeostasis and suppression of inflammation through mechanisms that are yet to be fully elucidated. One feasible mechanism by which TGF-β may exert its beneficial properties is through induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Induction of this redox-sensitive enzyme is known to be cytoprotective through its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties in different conditions including several kidney diseases. In this overview, recent advances in our understanding of the role of TGF-β in kidney disease, its molecular regulation of HO-1 expression, and the potential role of HO-1 induction as a therapeutic modality in TGF-β-mediated kidney diseases are highlighted.
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors: Abolfazl
authors: A
authors: Zarjou
authors: Anupam
authors: A
authors: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005355:Fibrosis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D051785:Smad Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1