title: The psychosocial benefits of secondary hydroxyapatite orbital implant insertion and prosthesis wearing for patients with anophthalmia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anophthalmia is associated with a range of psychosocial difficulties and hydroxyapatite orbital implant insertion and prosthesis wearing is the predominant rehabilitation therapy for anophthalmia. However, few articles have compared preoperative and postoperative psychosocial outcomes using standardized questionnaires. This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial benefits of hydroxyapatite orbital implant insertion and prosthesis wearing in this patient population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 36 participants were tested preoperatively and 6-months postoperatively using standardized measures of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), social anxiety and social avoidance (Derriford Appearance Scale-Short Form), and quality of life (World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Short Form).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before treatment, levels of depression were comparable with population norms; however, levels of general anxiety were slightly raised, levels of social anxiety, social avoidance, and quality of life were significantly poorer than population norms. Treatment resulted in significant improvement in psychosocial adjustment with improvements in all study variables for the participant group as a whole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydroxyapatite orbital implant insertion and prosthesis wearing offers significant improvements in psychological and physical functioning for patients with anophthalmia.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors: Junming
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Zhang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Chen
authors: Guigang
authors: G
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000853:Anophthalmos / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D017886:Durapatite; D005137:Eye, Artificial / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020273:Orbital Implants / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017886:Durapatite