title: 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine reduce the rate and substrate specificity of RNA polymerase II transcription.
abstract: Although the roles of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in epigenetic regulation of gene expression are well established, the functional effects of 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine on the process of transcription are not clear. Here we report a systematic study of the effects of five different forms of cytosine in DNA on mammalian and yeast RNA polymerase II transcription, providing new insights into potential functional interplay between cytosine methylation status and transcription.
authors: Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
authors: Matthew W
authors: MW
authors: Kellinger
authors: Chun-Xiao
authors: CX
authors: Song
authors: Jenny
authors: J
authors: Chong
authors: Xing-Yu
authors: XY
authors: Lu
authors: Chuan
authors: C
authors: He
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D020134:Catalytic Domain / Q000235:genetics; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: C560974:5-carboxylcytosine; C560973:5-formylcytosine; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012313:RNA; D003596:Cytosine; D004247:DNA; D012319:RNA Polymerase II