title: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy associated with enterovirus infection.
abstract: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy is a rare, clinically distinct entity of acute encephalopathy triggered by acute febrile diseases, mostly viral infections. It is postulated to arise from uncontrolled cytokine release during a febrile illness, and is most often seen in East Asia. We describe a rare Saudi patient of acute necrotizing encephalopathy attributable to enterovirus in a 4 years and 6 months old girl. A work-up revealed elevations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. The outcome on intravenous pulse methylprednisolone was good. This case is the first, to the best of our knowledge, of acute necrotizing encephalopathy reported from Saudi Arabia with a good outcome despite severe magnetic resonance imaging findings and delay in the steroid treatment.
authors: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Riyadh Military Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. btabarki@hotmail.com
authors: Brahim
authors: B
authors: Tabarki
authors: Farah
authors: F
authors: Thabet
authors: Shatha
authors: S
authors: Al Shafi
authors: Nawal
authors: N
authors: Al Adwani
authors: May
authors: M
authors: Chehab
authors: Saad
authors: S
authors: Al Shahwan
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D004684:Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging