title: Biomarkers of aggressive pituitary adenomas.
abstract: Pituitary adenomas exhibit a wide range of behaviors. The prediction of aggressive or malignant behavior in pituitary adenomas remains challenging; however, the utility of biomarkers is rapidly evolving. In this review, we discuss potential biomarkers as they relate to aggressive behavior in pituitary adenomas. While detailed histological subtyping remains the best independent predictor of aggressive behavior in the majority of cases, evidence suggests that the additional analyses of FGFR4, MMP, PTTG, Ki-67, p53, and deletions in chromosome 11 may contribute to decisions concerning management of aggressive pituitary adenomas.
authors: Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th Floor, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ozgur.mete2@uhn.ca
authors: Ozgur
authors: O
authors: Mete
authors: Shereen
authors: S
authors: Ezzat
authors: Sylvia L
authors: SL
authors: Asa
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009154:Mutation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051499:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D064249:Securin
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D064249:Securin; C578002:pituitary tumor-transforming protein 1, human; C496371:FGFR4 protein, human; D051499:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 4; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; C051815:somatotropin-binding protein