title: Transurethral resection of ejaculatory duct in infertile men: outcome and predictors of success.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the outcome of transurethral resection of the ejaculatory duct (TURED) in the treatment for ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) and define predictors of success.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated 23 infertile men between 2006 and 20011, who were diagnosed as having EDO. Inclusion criteria were azoospermia or oligozoospermia, low ejaculate volume, low ejaculate PH, little or no fructose in seminal plasma with normal serum levels of gonadotropins and testosterone and evidence of obstruction on transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) or magnetic resonance images (MRI). Seventeen patients were diagnosed as complete EDO, and the remaining 6 were considered as having partial EDO. All patients were treated by TURED.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Midline cysts were diagnosed in seven cases, and the remaining 16 patients had postinflammatory obstruction of ejaculatory ducts (ED). Overall, a significant improvement of semen quality was achieved after surgery. All patients with partial EDO showed improvements in semen parameters after TURED compared to 23.5% (4/17) in those with complete EDO. Improvement in sperm count was 71.5% and 31% for patients with midline cysts and patients with non-cystic causes of EDO, respectively. Six (26%) patients developed complications including epididymo-orchitis in 2, watery ejaculate in 3 and conversion to azoospermia in 1. Spontaneous pregnancies were achieved in 3 (13%) cases: 2 (33.3%) men with partial and 1 (5.9%) with complete obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Partial EDO, whatever the etiology, has an excellent outcome after TURED. Complete EDO due to cysts appears to respond better than postinflammatory obstruction to TURED.
authors: Departments of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, a_assmy@yahoo.com.
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: El-Assmy
authors: Hosam
authors: H
authors: El-Tholoth
authors: Rasha T
authors: RT
authors: Abouelkheir
authors: Mohamed E
authors: ME
authors: Abou-El-Ghar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004543:Ejaculatory Ducts / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult