title: Influence of dissolved ions on determination of oxygen isotope composition of aqueous solutions using the CO2-H2O equilibration method.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stable isotope compositions of natural waters, such as seawater, glaciers and basinal brines, can provide valuable information about Earth's hydrological cycle and its evolutionary history. However, a high concentration of dissolved ions in some natural waters hinders an accurate analysis of their oxygen isotope composition. A laboratory study was carried out in order to provide guidelines on how to resolve this analytical difficulty.
  
  
  METHODS
  CO(2) gas was equilibrated with saline aqueous solutions of various chemical compositions at 25 °C. Subsequently, the oxygen isotope composition of the CO(2) was determined at different equilibration times using a dual-inlet isotope ratio mass spectrometer in order to evaluate the oxygen isotope salt effect and the rate of oxygen isotope exchange between CO(2) and the saline solution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the experimentally determined oxygen isotope salt effects of aqueous chloride and sulfate solutions, an empirical method for the prediction of the oxygen isotope salt effect of a 1.0 molal chloride or sulfate solution was proposed. The rates of oxygen isotope exchange between CO(2) and saline solutions were also examined. Our experimental data indicates that the sequence of the oxygen isotope exchange time is as: MgSO(4) > CaCl(2) ≈ Na(2)SO(4) > NaCl > MgCl(2) > KCl > H(2)O.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The isotope salt effect and the kinetics of isotope exchange must be taken into account when the oxygen isotope composition of a saline aqueous solution is determined using the CO(2)-H(2)O equilibration method. Our experimental data and the proposed prediction method provide essential guidelines for the accurate δ(18)O analysis of saline aqueous solutions.
authors: School of Geography and Earth Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1. sangtae@mcmaster.ca
authors: Sang-Tae
authors: ST
authors: Kim
authors: Seong-Sook
authors: SS
authors: Park
authors: Seong-Taek
authors: ST
authors: Yun
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D016014:Linear Models; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D013431:Sulfates; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide