title: Osteoblast responses to thin nanohydroxyapatite coated on roughened titanium surfaces deposited by an electrochemical process.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate in vitro osteoblast responses to the thin nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) coating on porous implant surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surface characteristics of nano-HA coating were evaluated by x-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Murine preosteoblast cell (MC3T3-E1) proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and osteocalcin release on nano-HA coated surfaces were compared with HA-coated surfaces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The XRD pattern demonstrated that the peak of nano-HA coating matched well with the standard HA patterns. FTIR spectra also showed that the coating consisted of pure HA crystals. Significant increases in cell proliferation, total protein on day 7, ALP activity on day 14 and day 21, and osteocalcin production on day 21 (P < .05) were observed for nano-HA coated surfaces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that thin nano-HA coating, deposited by the electrochemical process, improved proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.
authors: Resident, Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors: Jue
authors: J
authors: Shi
authors: Ling Ling
authors: LL
authors: Dong
authors: Fuming
authors: F
authors: He
authors: Shifang
authors: S
authors: Zhao
authors: Guo-Li
authors: GL
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015921:Dental Implants; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D016062:Porosity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D015675:Osteocalcin; D017886:Durapatite; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase