title: Processed food consumption and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A case-control study in a high risk area.
abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the association between consumption of processed foods and esophageal cancer risk. A population-based case-control study was designed. For the present study, 254 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with pathological diagnoses were selected from Yanting during 2008 and 2010 and 254 community-based controls were selected from the same area, individually matched with cases by age and sex. Data on demographic, lifestyle and dietary factors were collected using food frequency questionnaires. A conditional logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) with adjustments for potential confounders. Compared to the frequency of <1 time/week, the intake frequency of >3 times/week of preserved vegetables had a significant association with esophageal cancer (OR = 5.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.07, 12.17). In stratified analyses, the OR of increasing intake of preserved vegetables for esophageal cancer were 2.02 in men (95% CI 1.18, 3.48), 3.15 in women (95% CI 1.28, 7.75), 2.41 (95% CI 1.45 4.01) in the persons <65 years old and 1.28 (95% CI 0.35, 4.65) in persons ≥65 years old. Consumption of pickled vegetables was not associated significantly with esophageal cancer risk. Intake of salted meat with a frequency of ≥1 time/week meant that the OR increased to 2.57 (95%CI 1.02, 6.43), but no significant trend or association in subgroup analysis was observed. Preserved vegetable consumption was associated with increased risk of esophageal cancer, while no association was found with pickled vegetables.
authors: Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors: Qingkun
authors: Q
authors: Song
authors: Xiaorong
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Ignatius Tak-sun
authors: IT
authors: Yu
authors: Chengyu
authors: C
authors: Huang
authors: Xiaoqiao
authors: X
authors: Zhou
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004435:Eating; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D057141:Food, Preserved / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012306:Risk; D014675:Vegetables