title: A survey to identify physically demanding tasks performed during storm damage operations by Australian State Emergency Services personnel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify and characterize the physically demanding tasks performed by SES personnel during storm damage work.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six tasks identified as the most operationally important to storm damage work were included in a survey which was available to all SES volunteers. The survey aimed to identify the physical demand, operational importance, frequency, duration, principal actions and fitness components of each task.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve tasks were identified as the most physically demanding. Of these, carrying sandbags, lifting sandbags and shoveling sand (with hands) rated highest. Covering roof damages with tarpaulin and erecting external weather proofing were ranked highest for operational importance. Box lifting (single-person) and erecting external weather proofing returned the highest mode values for frequency, whereas tasks involving handling sandbags returned the highest mean and median frequency values. Covering roof damages with tarpaulin was identified as the longest task. Bending, lifting, twisting and carrying were the most common actions identified for the physically demanding tasks. Muscular strength and muscular endurance were the primary fitness components identified for the twelve tasks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SES personnel perform a variety of storm response tasks, many of which are physically demanding. All or most of the physically demanding tasks contain elements of bending, lifting, twisting and carrying, and call upon personnel's muscular strength and muscular endurance capabilities.
authors: Centre for Exercise and Sports Science, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia. b.larsen@deakin.edu.au
authors: Brianna
authors: B
authors: Larsen
authors: Tony
authors: T
authors: Graham
authors: Brad
authors: B
authors: Aisbett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D055867:Cyclonic Storms; D003625:Data Collection; D004190:Disasters; D004634:Emergency Medical Technicians; D005260:Female; D055868:Floods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*