title: Halitosis in cystinosis patients after administration of immediate-release cysteamine bitartrate compared to delayed-release cysteamine bitartrate.
abstract: Halitosis due to dimethylsulfide (DMS) generation is a major side effect of cysteamine in the treatment of cystinosis. Recently, an enteric coated formulation of cysteamine bitartrate (RP103) administered twice daily was demonstrated to be non-inferior for lowering WBC cystine levels compared to the non-enteric coated formulation (Cystagon®), administered 4 times per day. Since both formulations had different pharmacokinetic profiles, we compared DMS breath levels after administration of either RP103 or Cystagon® in four cystinosis patients. Although cysteamine areas under the curve (AUCs) were comparable, AUC of DMS was lower after the administration of RP103 compared to Cystagon®. This observation is of importance in cystinosis patients, since halitosis hampers compliance with cysteamine therapy.
authors: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. martine.besouw@uzleuven.be
authors: Martine
authors: M
authors: Besouw
authors: Albert
authors: A
authors: Tangerman
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Cornelissen
authors: Patrice
authors: P
authors: Rioux
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Levtchenko
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003543:Cysteamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003554:Cystinosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D045853:Exhalation; D006209:Halitosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013440:Sulfides / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013440:Sulfides; D003543:Cysteamine; C004784:dimethyl sulfide