title: Plasma cytokines as potential response indicators to dietary freeze-dried black raspberries in colorectal cancer patients.
abstract: Oral consumption of freeze-dried black raspberries attenuated neoplastic changes in colorectal tissue markers of apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. To determine whether plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were associated with berry treatment and changes in colorectal tissue markers of apoptosis, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis, plasma and biopsy samples of adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal-appearing colorectal tissue were collected before and during berry treatment from 24 CRC patients who had not received prior therapy and drank a slurry of black raspberry powder (20 g in 100 ml drinking water) 3 times a day for 1 to 9 wk. Plasma concentrations of GM-CSF (+0.12 ± 0.04 pg/mL; P = 0.01) and IL-8 (-1.61 ± 0.71 pg/mL; P = 0.04) changed in patients receiving berries for more than 10 days. These changes were correlated with beneficial changes in markers of proliferation (r(ΔGM-CSF, ΔKi67 carcinoma - normal) = -0.51) and apoptosis (r(ΔIL-8, ΔTUNEL carcinoma - normal) = -0.52) observed in colorectal tissue taken within the same week. Plasma concentrations of GM-CSF and IL-8 may serve as noninvasive indicators to monitor tissue response to berry-based interventions for CRC.
authors: Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
authors: Roycelynn A
authors: RA
authors: Mentor-Marcel
authors: Gerd
authors: G
authors: Bobe
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Sardo
authors: Li-Shu
authors: LS
authors: Wang
authors: Chieh-Ti
authors: CT
authors: Kuo
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Stoner
authors: Nancy H
authors: NH
authors: Colburn
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005519:Food Preservation; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005638:Fruit; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D027824:Rosaceae; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor