title: The analysis of mainstream smoke emissions of Canadian 'super slim' cigarettes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Super slim cigarettes are a relatively new type of cigarette in Canada, and an analysis of select toxicants in the mainstream smoke emissions of the super slim cigarette was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  The yields of selected toxicants in the mainstream smoke emissions of six brands of super slim cigarettes were compared with the Canadian Benchmark, which represents the cigarette designs most commonly found in Canada. A super slim cigarette was also compared with a 'Reference Cigarette' to study the impact of the significantly reduced circumference on mainstream smoke emissions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the Canadian Benchmark, the yields of carbon monoxide, the carbonyls, volatiles and the aromatic amines were significantly lower for the super slim cigarette, but the yields of formaldehyde and ammonia were significantly higher. For brands containing a mixed tobacco blend, the yields of tobacco-specific nitrosamines were increased significantly. The reduced circumference of the super slim cigarette resulted in a lower tobacco weight, which together with filter ventilation resulted in lower yields of many toxicants. However, the reduced circumference increased significantly the yields of formaldehyde and phenols in mainstream smoke emissions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The notably slimmer design of the super slim cigarette resulted in lower yields of some toxicants in the mainstream smoke emissions. However, there were also significant increases in some toxicant levels in the mainstream smoke emissions including formaldehyde, ammonia and the phenols. There are no changes in emission levels that have been shown to reduce exposure or risk in a way that is meaningful, and therefore, the super slim cigarette should not be considered a 'less harmful' cigarette.
authors: Tobacco Research Division, Office of Research and Surveillance, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors: May
authors: M
authors: Siu
authors: Nemanja
authors: N
authors: Mladjenovic
authors: Evelyn
authors: E
authors: Soo
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000588:Amines / Q000032:analysis; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D002170:Canada; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000032:analysis; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D012907:Smoking; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000032:analysis*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D000588:Amines; D009602:Nitrosamines; D010636:Phenols; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D005557:Formaldehyde; D009538:Nicotine; D000641:Ammonia; D002248:Carbon Monoxide