title: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine.
abstract: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. We describe a previously healthy 2-year-old boy with ADEM, who exhibited high fever, lethargy, and recurrent seizures at 25 days after H1N1 influenza vaccination. To our knowledge, there has been only one report of ADEM following the 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine, although such vaccination is accompanied with optic neuritis apart from this case. Thus, this is the first case of ADEM without optic neuritis, following the 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination. Although vaccine-associated ADEM remains rare, the increasing number of influenza vaccinations might increase the incidence of ADEM. We still need to pay attention to the occurrence of ADEM and treat patients with steroid therapy.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan. kfujii@faculty.chiba-u.jp
authors: Katsunori
authors: K
authors: Fujii
authors: Maiko
authors: M
authors: Suyama
authors: Koki
authors: K
authors: Chiba
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Okunushi
authors: Junko
authors: J
authors: Oikawa
authors: Yoichi
authors: Y
authors: Kohno
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004673:Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines