title: Development and validation of an Arabic version of the Visual Functioning Index VF-14 for cataract patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate an Arabic version of the Visual Functioning Index (VF-14) for patients with cataracts.
  
  
  METHODS
  The VF-14 was translated into Arabic by an epidemiologist and an ophthalmologist, both fluent in Arabic and English. The VF-14 was administered to patients diagnosed with cataract at two hospitals in Egypt and two hospitals in Saudi Arabia. Patients were also administered three other forms; the cataract symptoms score (CSS); global measure of vision; and cataract medical form. Internal reliability and external validity were measured. Index sensitivity to visual acuity was detected and potential effective factors were investigated. Correlation analyses were performed. A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The translated VF-14 was consistent and reliable (σ = 0.763, p < 0.0001). It was also statistically significantly sensitive to vision (p < 0.0001). The mean calculated index was 62.18 ± 19.34, and was highly correlated with; CSS and other scores (p < 0.0001, all cases). Factors that may affect the index are; age, sex, vision, wearing glasses, type, position, and severity of cataract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Arabic VF 14 is a reliable and valid tool for evaluation of both visual functioning and quality of visual life among cataract patients. It is also sensitive to changes in visual acuity, demographic, and clinical characteristics.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors: Ahmed
authors: A
authors: Mousa
authors: Ali H
authors: AH
authors: Al Ghamdi
authors: Hatem
authors: H
authors: Kalantan
authors: Abdul R
authors: AR
authors: Al Muammar
mesh_terms: D002386:Cataract / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014792:Visual Acuity