title: Preschool children with high adherence to inhaled corticosteroids for asthma do not show behavioural problems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess prevalence of behavioural problems in preschool children with asthma with electronically verified exposure to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of 81 children 2-5 years of age using daily ICS for persistent asthma. During 3 months' follow-up, adherence to ICS treatment was recorded by an electronical logging device (Smartinhaler(®)). Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 years (CBCL 1.5-5) to assess behavioural problems; results were compared to a published reference group of healthy children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median (interquartile range) adherence to ICS was 92 (78-97) %. There was no difference in total CBCL score between children with asthma on ICS (mean, [SD] 32.10 [1.99]) and the reference group (33.30 [1.87], 95% CI for difference -6.62 to 4.22). Children with asthma were more likely to have somatic complaints (95% CI for difference 0.64 to 1.96) and less likely to have anxious/depressive symptoms (95% CI for difference -1.57 to -0.25) than the reference group. CBCL scores were not significantly related to the electronically measured adherence rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maintenance treatment with ICS, taken daily as prescribed, is not associated with an increased risk of behavioural problems in preschool children.
authors: Princess Amalia Children's Clinic, Isala klinieken, GK Zwolle, The Netherlands.
authors: Wouter
authors: W
authors: Quak
authors: Ted
authors: T
authors: Klok
authors: Adrian A
authors: AA
authors: Kaptein
authors: Eric J
authors: EJ
authors: Duiverman
authors: Paul L P
authors: PL
authors: Brand
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D000068298:Fluticasone; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D060046:Maintenance Chemotherapy; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016903:Drug Monitoring
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000730:Androstadienes; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D000068298:Fluticasone