title: Thermally reversible xyloglucan gels as vehicles for nasal drug delivery.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential application of thermosensitive gels formed by a xyloglucan polysaccharide derived from tamarind seed for nasal drug delivery. Xyloglucan that had been partially degraded by β-galactosidase to eliminate 45% of galactose residues formed gels at concentrations of 2.5% w/w at gelation temperatures decreasing over the range 27-28°C. The in vitro release of ondansetron hydrochloride from the enzyme-degraded xyloglucan gels followed higuchi kinetics over a period of 5 h at 34°C by anomalous transport mechanism. The ex vivo permeation of ondansetron hydrochloride from the gels was sustained. Histological examination of nasal mucosa following a single administration of the gels showed no evidence of mucosal damage. Finally, the bioavailability study in rabbits revealed that the absolute bioavailability of ondansetron hydrochloride was significantly increased from 28.64% in the case of the oral drug solution to 52.79% in the case of the nasal in situ gel. The results of this study suggest the potential of the enzyme-degraded xyloglucan gels as vehicles for nasal delivery of drugs.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutics and Quality Assurance, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karvand Naka Shirpur, Dist Dhule, Shirpur, India. hsmahajan@rediffmail.com
authors: Hitendra S
authors: HS
authors: Mahajan
authors: Vinod
authors: V
authors: Tyagi
authors: Gopal
authors: G
authors: Lohiya
authors: Pankaj
authors: P
authors: Nerkar
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005690:Galactose / Q000737:chemistry; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D005936:Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D029861:Tamarindus / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014990:Xylans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D005936:Glucans; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014990:Xylans; C029353:xyloglucan; D017294:Ondansetron; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D005690:Galactose