title: Oral cancer in Swedish snuff dippers.
abstract: Over recent decades there has been debate over whether or not Swedish snuff is carcinogenic in humans. Animal studies and molecular biological and experimental studies have shown the carcinogenic potential of Swedish snuff, but this has not been proved in prospective randomized studies. We present a case series of patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas diagnosed at the sites where the patients had used Swedish snuff for several years. Sixteen male patients were referred to and treated at Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Departments and Ear, Nose and Throat clinics at seven different hospitals in Sweden. The mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 72.9 years and the mean time of snuff use prior to cancer diagnosis was 42.9 years. This case series shows that Swedish snuff may not be a harmless alternative to smoking.
authors: Department of Surgical Sciences, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. jan.michael.hirsch@akademiska.se
authors: Jan M
authors: JM
authors: Hirsch
authors: Mats
authors: M
authors: Wallström
authors: Anders-Petter
authors: AP
authors: Carlsson
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Sand
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D013548:Sweden; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects*