title: Male breast cancer in Singapore: 15 years of experience at a single tertiary institution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Male breast cancer is a rare disease entity, with little data from the Southeast Asian perspective. Hence, this study aims to review the data from our local experience in order to better delineate the disease characteristics in our population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male patients with histologically proven breast cancer were identified from a prospectively collected database. The clinical, histopathological and survival data were reviewed retrospectively and analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one patients were identified. The median age at diagnosis was 68 years. Eighteen patients underwent simple mastectomy with curative intent, with the remaining patients having metastatic disease at presentation. Almost half of the patients presented with stage III or IV disease. At the time of analysis, median overall survival was 50 months and median disease-free survival was 47.5 months. None of the patients had any documented family history or risk factors for male breast cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The disease appears to be a sporadic and rare occurrence in the local male population. A high index of suspicion should be maintained in males presented with a unilateral breast lump so that appropriate treatment can be instituted.
authors: Department of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
authors: Jin Yao
authors: JY
authors: Teo
authors: Puay Hoon
authors: PH
authors: Tan
authors: Wei Sean
authors: WS
authors: Yong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology