title: Non-surgical periodontal therapy influences salivary melatonin levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Melatonin is a hormone, which is involved in the control of the circadian rhythm, but also acts as an antioxidant and immune modulator. Previous studies reported decreased salivary and serum melatonin levels in periodontitis. This prospective cohort trial assessed the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on melatonin levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Salivary and serum samples of 60 participants (30 patients suffering from a severe generalized form of periodontitis, 30 healthy controls) were collected at baseline and 19 samples of periodontitis patients after treatment. Salivary and serum melatonin levels were determined by a commercially available ELISA kit and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) by a routine laboratory test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, periodontitis patients showed significantly increased serum CRP values and significantly decreased salivary melatonin levels compared to the control group. Clinical periodontal parameters significantly correlated with salivary melatonin levels and serum CRP. Periodontal therapy resulted in a recovery of the decreased salivary melatonin levels and a negative correlation was detected for the changes of salivary melatonin and the inflammatory parameter bleeding on probing. Serum melatonin levels showed no significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salivary melatonin levels recovered after periodontal therapy and correlated with a decrease of local periodontal inflammation. This may imply the local involvement of melatonin in the pathogenesis of periodontitis due to its antioxidant abilities. However, the exact role of melatonin in periodontal disease remains to be investigated in future trials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest salivary melatonin as a risk indicator for the severity of periodontal disease.
authors: Division of Oral Surgery, Bernhard Gottlieb School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria.
authors: Kristina
authors: K
authors: Bertl
authors: Angelika
authors: A
authors: Schoiber
authors: Hady
authors: H
authors: Haririan
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Laky
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Steiner
authors: W D
authors: WD
authors: Rausch
authors: Oleh
authors: O
authors: Andrukhov
authors: Xiaohui
authors: X
authors: Rausch-Fan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D012534:Dental Scaling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D008550:Melatonin