title: Changes in saccadic eye movement (SEM) and quantitative EEG parameter in bipolar patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is increasing evidence that neurocognitive dysfunction is associated with the different states in Bipolar Disorder. Gamma coherence is strongly related to cognitive processes and cortico-cortical communication. This paper aims at shedding light on the relationship between cortical gamma coherence within bipolar patients and a control group during a prosaccadic attention task. We hypothesized that gamma coherence oscillations act as a main neural mechanism underlying information processing which changes in bipolar patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two (12 healthy controls and 20 bipolar patients) subjects were enrolled in this study. The subjects performed a prosaccadic attention task while their brain activity pattern was recorded using quantitative electroencephalography (20 channels).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that the maniac group presented lower saccade latency when compared to depression and control groups. The main finding was a greater gamma coherence for control group in the right hemisphere of both frontal and motor cortices caused by the execution of a prosaccadic attention task.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings need to be confirmed in larger samples and in bipolar patients before start the pharmacological treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest a disrupted connection of the brain's entire functioning of maniac patients and represent a deregulation in cortical inhibitory mechanism. Thus, our results reinforce our hypothesis that greater gamma coherence in the right and left frontal cortices for the maniac group produces a "noise" during information processing and highlights that gamma coherence might be a biomarker for cognitive dysfunction during the manic state.
authors: Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Brazil. bruna_velasques@yahoo.com.br
authors: Bruna
authors: B
authors: Velasques
authors: Juliana
authors: J
authors: Bittencourt
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Diniz
authors: Silmar
authors: S
authors: Teixeira
authors: Luis F
authors: LF
authors: Basile
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Inácio Salles
authors: Fernanda
authors: F
authors: Novis
authors: Luciana
authors: L
authors: Angélica Silveira
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: de Assis da Silva
authors: Amanda
authors: A
authors: de Lima Teixeira
authors: Antonio Egidio
authors: AE
authors: Nardi
authors: Hagop S
authors: HS
authors: Akiskal
authors: Mauricio
authors: M
authors: Cagy
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Piedade
authors: Elie
authors: E
authors: Cheniaux
authors: Flávio
authors: F
authors: Kapczinki
authors: Pedro
authors: P
authors: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*