title: Size and phospholipid coating of lipid droplets in the diet of young mice modify body fat accumulation in adulthood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In addition to contemporary lifestyle factors that contribute to the increased obesity prevalence worldwide, early nutrition is associated with sustained effects on later life obesity. We hypothesized that physical properties of dietary lipids contribute to this nutritional programming. We developed a concept infant formula (IMF) with large, phospholipid-coated lipid droplets (Nuturis; Danone Research, Paris, France) and investigated its programming effect on metabolic phenotype later in life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male C57Bl/6j mice were fed a control formula (Control IMF) or Nuturis (Concept IMF) diet between postnatal day (PN)16 and PN42. All mice were subsequently fed a Western-style diet (WSD) until PN126. Body composition was monitored repeatedly by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between PN42 and PN126.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concept IMF slightly increased lean body mass as compared with Control IMF at PN42 but did not affect fat mass. Upon 84 d of WSD feeding, the Concept IMF group showed reduced fat accumulation as compared with Control IMF. In addition, fasting plasma leptin, resistin, glucose, and lipids were significantly lower in the Concept IMF group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Large phospholipid-coated lipid droplets in young mice reduced fat accumulation and improved metabolic profile in adulthood. These data emphasize that physical properties of early dietary lipids contribute to metabolic programming.
authors: Department of Developmental Physiology & Nutrition, Danone Research, Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands. annemarie.oosting@danone.com
authors: Annemarie
authors: A
authors: Oosting
authors: Diane
authors: D
authors: Kegler
authors: Harm J
authors: HJ
authors: Wopereis
authors: Inga C
authors: IC
authors: Teller
authors: Bert J M
authors: BJ
authors: van de Heijning
authors: Henkjan J
authors: HJ
authors: Verkade
authors: Eline M
authors: EM
authors: van der Beek
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D050154:Adiposity; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010316:Particle Size; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D020738:Leptin; D010743:Phospholipids; D052243:Resistin; C499623:Retn protein, mouse