title: Social and individual risk determinants of HIV testing practices among noninjection drug users at high risk for HIV/AIDS.
abstract: HIV testing services and research among drug users has largely focused on injection drug users (IDUs); yet noninjection drug users (NIDUs) are also at increased risk for HIV due to high-risk sexual behaviors and overlapping networks with IDUs. This study examined drug use, sexual risk, and social network characteristics associated with recent HIV testing (testing within past year) among NIDUs. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were conducted among 418 NIDUs and log-binomial regression models were used to identify correlates of recent HIV testing. Prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Nearly 97% of NIDUs reported having ever been tested for HIV and most participants (85.7%) indicated testing for HIV within the past year. Factors independently associated with recent HIV testing were higher educational attainment (PR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.03, 3.34) and networks to discuss health and medical services (PR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.20). A prior positive sexually transmitted infection was associated with decreased likelihood of recent HIV test (PR: 0.43; 95% CI 0.25, 0.74). Identifying specific social network characteristics may be effective in facilitating HIV testing and prevention strategies targeting NIDUs.
authors: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina Arnold School of Public Health, Columbia, USA. kwhite@mailbox.sc.edu
authors: Kellee
authors: K
authors: White
authors: Abby E
authors: AE
authors: Rudolph
authors: Kandice C
authors: KC
authors: Jones
authors: Carl
authors: C
authors: Latkin
authors: Ebele O
authors: EO
authors: Benjamin
authors: Natalie D
authors: ND
authors: Crawford
authors: Crystal M
authors: CM
authors: Fuller
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D055030:Drug Users / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult