title: Influence of bioturbation on bioavailability and toxicity of PAHs in sediment from an electronic waste recycling site in South China.
abstract: The present study examined the effects of bioturbation by the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus on bioavailability and toxicity of sediment-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the oligochaete and the epi-benthic amphipod Hyalella azteca. Various densities of L. variegatus in sediment were used to represent different levels of bioturbation. Total sediment concentration declined with increasing worm density, but bioavailability of PAHs estimated using the biomimetic extractions showed no significant difference among treatments with different worm densities. Alternatively, PAH bioaccumulation by L. variegatus decreased and the growth of the worms was reduced at the highest worm density, which was probably due to overcrowding of organisms, food competition and increasing release of PAHs by bioturbation. Additionally, co-exposure with high density of L. variegatus to contaminated sediment significantly increased PAH accumulation and mortality of H. azteca. The increased toxicity was probably because of the transport of sediment-associated contaminants to sediment surface and water column by the bioturbation by L. variegatus. Overall, the present study showed that bioturbation may alter the toxicity of contaminants in sediment to other organisms, thus the presence of benthic invertebrates and their interactions with the sediment should be considered in future sediment risk assessment.
authors: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
authors: Junxiao
authors: J
authors: Pang
authors: Baoquan
authors: B
authors: Sun
authors: Huizhen
authors: H
authors: Li
authors: W Tyler
authors: WT
authors: Mehler
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: You
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002681:China; D059029:Electronic Waste; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D011156:Population Density; D059027:Recycling
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons