title: PTSD and depression as predictors of physical health-related quality of life in tobacco-dependent veterans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Smoking, depression and PTSD are related to poor physical health outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Previous studies examining the effects of quitting smoking on HRQoL have been mixed. This study aimed to examine the effects of PTSD, depressive symptoms and smoking cessation on HRQoL in a sample receiving treatment for PTSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study utilized archival interview and self-report data from a clinical trial (VA Cooperative Study 519) that recruited tobacco dependent veterans with chronic PTSD (N=943).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses were conducted using hierarchical linear modeling and indicated that PTSD and depressive symptoms differentially affected the various physical health status domains. Additionally, quitting smoking was associated with better self-perceived health status and social functioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings further explain the interrelationships of PTSD, depression, and smoking in the prediction of physical HRQoL and advocate the importance of integrated care.
authors: Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr.151, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
authors: Laura H
authors: LH
authors: Aversa
authors: Jill A
authors: JA
authors: Stoddard
authors: Neal M
authors: NM
authors: Doran
authors: Selwyn
authors: S
authors: Au
authors: Bruce
authors: B
authors: Chow
authors: Miles
authors: M
authors: McFall
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Saxon
authors: Dewleen G
authors: DG
authors: Baker
mesh_terms: D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data