title: A competing risks model in early screening for preeclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It was the aim of this study to develop models for the prediction of preeclampsia (PE) based on maternal characteristics and biophysical markers at 11-13 weeks' gestation in which gestation at the time of delivery for PE is treated as a continuous variable.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a screening study of singleton pregnancies at 11-13 weeks including 1,426 (2.4%) cases that subsequently developed PE and 57,458 cases that were unaffected by PE. We developed a survival time model for the time of delivery for PE in which Bayes' theorem was used to combine the prior information from maternal characteristics with the uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) and the mean arterial pressure (MAP), using multiple of the median values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk for PE increased with maternal age, weight, Afro-Caribbean and South Asian racial origin, previous pregnancy with PE, conception by in vitro fertilization and a medical history of chronic hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as systemic lupus erythematosus or antiphospholipid syndrome. In pregnancies with PE, there was an inverse correlation between multiple of the median values of the uterine artery PI and MAP with gestational age at delivery. Screening by maternal characteristics, uterine artery PI and MAP detected 90% of PE cases requiring delivery before 34 weeks and 57% of all PE cases at a fixed false-positive rate of 10%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new model has been developed for effective first-trimester screening for PE.
authors: School of Computing and Mathematics, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK.
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Wright
authors: Ranjit
authors: R
authors: Akolekar
authors: Argyro
authors: A
authors: Syngelaki
authors: Leona C Y
authors: LC
authors: Poon
authors: Kypros H
authors: KH
authors: Nicolaides
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers; D044383:Black People; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D055988:Uterine Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers