title: Angiogenesis inhibition by green propolis and the angiogenic effect of L-lysine on bladder cancer in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of water-soluble derivative of green propolis in bladder cancer angiogenesis in rats given N-butyl-(-4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine groups were established, where six of them (Groups 1 to 6), the animals received 0.05% BBN in their drinking water for 14 weeks. From the 32nd to the 40th week, Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 were treated respectively with water, L-lysine (300 mg/kg/day), celecoxib (30 mg/kg/day) and propolis (300 mg/kg/day). Groups 5 and 6 were given propolis and L-lysine from the 1st to the 40th week (150 mg/kg/day). Microvascular density was determined by histological sections stained for the marker CD-31 and analyzed with specific software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The microvascular density in bladder carcinomas was lower (p<0.01) in rats receiving propolis than in controls given carcinogen only. On the other hand, the microvascular density of tumors in rats receiving carcinogen and L-lysine for 40 weeks from the beginning of carcinogen treatment was significantly higher (p<0.01) than in the corresponding controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Water-soluble derivative of propolis inhibits angiogenesis in BBN-induced rat bladder cancer, while L-lysine treatment stimulates angiogenesis if initiated concurrently with BBN.
authors: Department of Pathology, UFC, Ceara, Brazil. eusoucondor@yahoo.com.br
authors: Conceição Aparecida
authors: CA
authors: Dornelas
authors: Francisco Vagnaldo
authors: FV
authors: Fechine-Jamacaru
authors: Irineu Lima
authors: IL
authors: Albuquerque
authors: Hemerson Iury Ferreira
authors: HI
authors: Magalhães
authors: Thiago Alves
authors: TA
authors: Dias
authors: Mário Henrique Girão
authors: MH
authors: Faria
authors: Markênia Kely Santos
authors: MK
authors: Alves
authors: Silvia Helena Barem
authors: SH
authors: Rabenhorst
authors: Paulo Roberto Carvalho
authors: PR
authors: de Almeida
authors: Telma Leda Gomes de
authors: TL
authors: Lemos
authors: José Daniel Vieira de
authors: JD
authors: Castro
authors: Maria Elisabete Amaral
authors: ME
authors: Moraes
authors: Manoel Odorico
authors: MO
authors: Moraes
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008239:Lysine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011429:Propolis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D011429:Propolis; D008239:Lysine