title: Cutaneous reactions induced by oxcarbazepine in Southern Han Chinese: incidence, features, risk factors and relation to HLA-B alleles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxcarbazepine (OXC) is a promising alternative for patients who cannot tolerate carbamazepine. Recently, however, it has been reported that OXC-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) are prevalent and may lead to drug discontinuation. Additionally, these reactions are thought to be associated with HLA-B*1502. This study aims to investigate the incidence, features and risk factors of OXC-cADRs, and to explore their relation to HLA-B alleles in Southern Han Chinese.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was performed to investigate the incidence, features and risk factors of OXC-cADRs, in which 252 new users were recruited. To examine the association between OXC-cADRs and HLA-B alleles, 14 maculopapular eruption (MPE) cases, including 9 additional cases beyond this prospective observation, were genotyped by PCR-SSP and sequencing. Thirty-five OXC-tolerant patients served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients (2.0%) developed an OXC-cADR, and all were mild MPE. History of other AED allergy (p=0.005, OR=121.23) and non-AED allergy (p=0.006, OR=59.92) were significant risk factors for OXC-cADRs in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Only one patient with OXC-MPE was positive for HLA-B*1502; and the frequency of HLA-B*1502 in OXC-MPE did not differ significantly from that in OXC-tolerant controls. Four HLA-B*1302 alleles were detected in OXC-MPE cases, which was significantly different from that in general population of southern Han Chinese (p=0.001, OR=7.83).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of OXC-induced cADRs was low, and no severe reactions occurred. Patients with a history of allergy are more susceptible to OXC-cADRs. No significant association between HLA-B*1502 and OXC-MPE was found. The associations between OXC-MPE and HLA alleles warrant further studies.
authors: Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510260, China.
authors: Na
authors: N
authors: He
authors: Fu-Li
authors: FL
authors: Min
authors: Yi-Wu
authors: YW
authors: Shi
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Guo
authors: Xiao-Rong
authors: XR
authors: Liu
authors: Bing-Mei
authors: BM
authors: Li
authors: Jin-Hua
authors: JH
authors: Zhou
authors: Yang-Mei
authors: YM
authors: Ou
authors: Jian-Xiang
authors: JX
authors: Liao
authors: Wei-Ping
authors: WP
authors: Liao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002648:Child; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D015235:HLA-B Antigens; C476610:oxcarbamazepine; D002220:Carbamazepine