title: Bloody nipple discharge in infancy--report of two cases.
abstract: Bloody nipple discharge (BND) in infancy is an exceptionally rare finding. We report the cases of two children who are 9 and 29 months old. The first case presented with 1 month of bilateral intermittent blood-stained nipple discharge with no other symptoms. The second case presented with 15 days of intermittent right BND and a small palpable mass, without obvious signs of inflammation. The coagulation and hormonal tests were within the age-appropriate reference ranges. Ultrasound examination was normal. Cytological evaluation of nipple discharge showed no malignant cells. Both patients had spontaneous symptoms resolution. BND in paediatric age is usually benign and self-limited and often related to mammary duct ectasia. Unnecessary invasive procedures or treatments should be avoided.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal. marta.r.n.nascimento@gmail.com
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Nascimento
authors: Alexandrina
authors: A
authors: Portela
authors: Filipa
authors: F
authors: Espada
authors: Marcelo
authors: M
authors: Fonseca
mesh_terms: D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009558:Nipples / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D010808:Physical Examination; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary