title: Casein glycomacropeptide in the diet may reduce Escherichia coli attachment to the intestinal mucosa and increase the intestinal lactobacilli of early weaned piglets after an enterotoxigenic E. coli K88 challenge.
abstract: Casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP), a glycoprotein originating during cheese manufacture, has shown promising effects by promoting the growth of some beneficial bacteria in vitro, although its activity has not been well explored. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of CGMP against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 in vitro (Trial 1) and in vivo (Trial 2). In Trial 1, increasing concentrations of CGMP (0, 0.5, 1.5 or 2.5 mg/ml) were tested regarding its ability to block the attachment of ETEC K88 to ileal mucosa tissues obtained from piglets. Increasing the concentration of CGMP resulted in a gradual decrease in ETEC K88 attachment to the epithelial surface. In Trial 2, seventy-two piglets were distributed in a 2 × 2 factorial combination including or omitting CGMP in the diet (control diet v. CGMP) and challenged or not with ETEC K88 (yes v. no). Inclusion of CGMP increased crude protein, ammonia and isoacid concentrations in colon digesta. CGMP also increased lactobacilli numbers in ileum and colon digesta, and reduced enterobacteria counts in mucosa scrapings and the percentage of villi with E. coli adherence measured by fluorescence in situ hybridisation. The inclusion of CGMP in the diets of challenged animals also prevented the increase of enterobacteria in ileal digesta. We can conclude that CGMP may improve gut health by diminishing the adhesion of ETEC K88 to the intestinal mucosa, by increasing the lactobacilli population in the intestine and by reducing the overgrowth of enterobacteria in the digestive tract of piglets after an ETEC K88 challenge.
authors: Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain. rafa_hermes@yahoo.com.br
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Gustavo Hermes
authors: Francesc
authors: F
authors: Molist
authors: José
authors: J
authors: Francisco Pérez
authors: Arantza
authors: A
authors: Gómez de Segura
authors: Mauro
authors: M
authors: Ywazaki
authors: Roger
authors: R
authors: Davin
authors: Miquel
authors: M
authors: Nofrarías
authors: Timo K
authors: TK
authors: Korhonen
authors: Ritva
authors: R
authors: Virkola
authors: Susana María
authors: SM
authors: Martín-Orúe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002364:Caseins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D054307:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000382:microbiology*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D002364:Caseins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C026888:K88 antigen, E coli; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C065989:caseinomacropeptide; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins