title: Favorable effects of explanatory illustrations attached to a self-administered questionnaire for upper extremity disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Hand10 is a self-administered questionnaire for upper extremity disorders. This questionnaire consists of 10 short, easy-to-understand questions and explanatory illustrations. In the shortening and validation process, the Hand10 demonstrated high acceptability and reliability among elderly individuals, with the advantage of being compact. We hypothesized that attached illustrations may contribute to the ability to maintain the psychometric properties of a questionnaire and raise acceptability for the elderly.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of 106 elderly patients with upper extremity disorders, whose symptoms had been stable, completed the Hand10, the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand Version of Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand, and the Revised Hasegawa's Dementia Scale. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either the illustrated Hand10 or the unillustrated Hand10. The potential advantages attributed to attached illustrations were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were found in baseline demographic data between subjects who received the illustrated and unillustrated questionnaires. The average percentage of items that the elderly patients left unanswered was 0.5 % for the illustrated Hand10 and 3.8 % for the unillustrated Hand10. Instrument test-retest reliability assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.92 and 0.86, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of explanatory illustrations attached to the Hand10 contributed to raise acceptability for elderly patients and were suggested to improve the reproducibility.
authors: Department of Hand Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan. todderik@nifty.com
authors: Shigeru
authors: S
authors: Kurimoto
authors: Michiro
authors: M
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Takaaki
authors: T
authors: Shinohara
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Tatebe
authors: Iwatsuki
authors: I
authors: Katsuyuki
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Hirata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D063868:Patient Outcome Assessment; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*