title: Gallic acid-grafted chitooligosaccharides suppress antigen-induced allergic reactions in RBL-2H3 mast cells.
abstract: In this study, a bioactive derivative of chitooligosaccharides (3-5 kDa) was synthesized via grafting of gallic acid onto chitooligosaccharides (G-COS) to enhance anti-allergic activity. Hence, G-COS was evaluated for its capabilities against allergic reactions in RBL-2H3 mast cells sensitized with dinitrophenyl-specific immunoglobulin E antibody and stimulated by antigen dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin. It was revealed that G-COS exhibited significant inhibition on histamine release and production as well as intracellular Ca(2+) elevation at the concentration of 200μg/ml. Likewise, the suppressive effects of G-COS on expression and production of interleukin (IL)-4 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were evidenced. Moreover, G-COS treatment caused a remarkable blockade on degradation of inhibitory κB-α (IκB-α) protein, translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Notably, the inhibitory activities of G-COS on allergic reactions were found as a consequence of suppression of FcεRI expression in antigen-stimulated cells. Accordingly, G-COS was suggested to be a promising candidate of novel inhibitors against allergic reactions.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea.
authors: Thanh-Sang
authors: TS
authors: Vo
authors: Dai-Hung
authors: DH
authors: Ngo
authors: Se-Kwon
authors: SK
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004140:Dinitrophenols / Q000276:immunology; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000276:immunology; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000941:Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D004140:Dinitrophenols; C553474:FCER1A protein, rat; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D017455:Receptors, IgE; C034638:dinitrophenyl-bovine serum albumin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D005707:Gallic Acid; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium