title: Randomised controlled trial comparing laparoscopic and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The advantages of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) over laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) have rarely been investigated in randomised controlled trials.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare RARP and LRP in terms of the functional, perioperative, and oncologic outcomes. The main end point of the study was changes in continence 3 mo after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2010 to January 2011, 120 patients with organ-confined prostate cancer were enrolled and randomly assigned (using a randomisation plan) to one of two groups based on surgical approach: the RARP group and the LRP group.
  
  
  METHODS
  All RARP and LRP interventions were performed with the same technique by the same single surgeon.
  
  
  METHODS
  The demographic, perioperative, and pathologic results, such as the complications and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurements, were recorded and compared. Continence was evaluated at the time of catheter removal and 48 h later, and continence and potency were evaluated after 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo. The student t test, Mann-Whitney test, χ(2) test, Pearson χ(2) test, and multiple regression analysis were used for statistics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two groups (RARP: n=60; LRP: n=60) were comparable in terms of demographic data. No differences were recorded in terms of perioperative and pathologic results, complication rate, or PSA measurements. The continence rate was higher in the RARP group at every time point: Continence after 3 mo was 80% in the RARP group and 61.6% in the LRP group (p=0.044), and after 1 yr, the continence rate was 95.0% and 83.3%, respectively (p=0.042). Among preoperative potent patients treated with nerve-sparing techniques, the rate of erection recovery was 80.0% and 54.2%, respectively (p=0.020). The limitations included the small number of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RARP provided better functional results in terms of the recovery of continence and potency. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
authors: Division of Urology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital-Orbassano (Turin), University of Turin, Turin, Italy. porpiglia@libero.it
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Porpiglia
authors: Ivano
authors: I
authors: Morra
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Lucci Chiarissi
authors: Matteo
authors: M
authors: Manfredi
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Mele
authors: Susanna
authors: S
authors: Grande
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Ragni
authors: Massimiliano
authors: M
authors: Poggio
authors: Cristian
authors: C
authors: Fiori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery*