title: Genetic determinants of 5-lipoxygenase pathway in a Spanish population and their relationship with cardiovascular risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Leukotrienes (LT) play a role in inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Although some studies suggest that there are genes that determine variability of some LT-related phenotypes, the genetic influence on these phenotypes has not been evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relative contributions of genetic and environmental influences to the 5-lipoxygenase pathway-related phenotypes (5-Lipoxygenase, five lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP), LTA(4)-hydrolase and LTC(4)-synthase expression, and LTB(4)-plasma concentration and LTB(4) production by stimulated whole blood) were assessed in a sample of 934 individuals in 35 extended families. Our design is based on extended families recruited through a probands with idiopathic thrombophilia. This strategy allows us the analysis of the effects of measured covariates (such as sex, age and smoking), genes, and environmental variables shared by members of a household.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of these phenotypes showed significant genetic contributions, with heritabilities ranging from 0.33 to 0.51 for enzyme expression and from 0.25 to 0.50 for LTB(4) production of the residual phenotypic variance. Significant phenotypic and genetic correlation among the LT-related traits was found. More importantly, FLAP and LTA(4)-hydrolase expression exhibit significant genetic correlations with arterial thrombosis, indicating that some of the genes that influence quantitative variation in these phenotypes also influence the risk of thrombosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study that quantifies the genetic component of 5-Lipoxygenase pathway phenotypes. The high heritability of these traits and the significant genetic correlations between arterial thrombosis and some of these phenotypes suggest that the exploitation of correlated quantitative phenotypes will aid the search for susceptibility genes.
authors: Laboratory of Angiology, Vascular Biology and Inflammation, Institute of Biomedical Research (II-B Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.
authors: Mercedes
authors: M
authors: Camacho
authors: Angel
authors: A
authors: Martinez-Perez
authors: Alfonso
authors: A
authors: Buil
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Siguero
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Alcolea
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: López
authors: Jordi
authors: J
authors: Fontcuberta
authors: Juan-Carlos
authors: JC
authors: Souto
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Vila
authors: José-Manuel
authors: JM
authors: Soria
mesh_terms: D058927:5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D058927:5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins; C548592:ALOX5AP protein, human; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; C041116:leukotriene-C4 synthase; C043134:leukotriene A4 hydrolase