title: Differential effects of high-fat-diet rich in lard oil or soybean oil on osteopontin expression and inflammation of adipose tissue in diet-induced obese rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of different dietary fat types on osteopontin (OPN) expressions and inflammation of adipose tissues in diet-induced obese rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one control group fed standard diet (LF, n = 10) and two high-fat diet groups fed isoenergy diet rich in lard or soybean oil (HL or HS, n = 45 each). Diet-induced obese rats in HL and HS group were then subdivided into two groups either continuously fed high-fat diet or switched to low-fat diet for 8 more weeks. Fasting serum glucose, insulin, and OPN concentrations were assayed and QUICKI was calculated; the expression of OPN, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, NF-κB, and F4/80 in adipose tissue was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both high-fat diets lead to comparable development of obesity characterized by insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation. Obese rats continuously fed high-fat diet rich in lard oil exhibited the highest fasting serum insulin level and adipose tissue OPN, F4/80, TNF-α, and NF-κB expression level. In both high-fat diet groups, switching to low-fat diet resulted in less intra-abdominal fat mass, decreased expression of F4/80, TNF-α, and NF-κB, while decreased OPN expression was only observed in lard oil fed rats after switching to low-fat diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reducing diet fat or replacing lard oil with soybean oil in high-fat diet alleviates obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance by attenuating the upregulation of OPN and macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue induced by high-fat diet.
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Rd, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiaoke
authors: X
authors: Wang
authors: Mengjie
authors: M
authors: Cheng
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Zhao
authors: Aiguo
authors: A
authors: Ge
authors: Fangfang
authors: F
authors: Guo
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Yanhong
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Liegang
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Nianhong
authors: N
authors: Yang
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D050154:Adiposity; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; C506897:Spp1 protein, rat; D053495:Osteopontin; D013024:Soybean Oil; C029310:lard