title: Control of the immune system by oxysterols and cancer development.
abstract: Oxysterols/oxysterol receptors have been shown to modulate several immune cell subsets, such as macrophages, T-cells and B-cells, neutrophils and dendritic cells (DCs). They participate in the control of several pathologic processes, that is, infectious diseases, atherosclerosis and autoimmunity. Moreover, some oxysterols have also been shown to favor tumor progression by dampening the antitumor immune response. The cellular responses generated by oxysterols depend on the engagement of Liver X Receptor (LXR) α and/or β isoforms, which induce activation of target genes or trans-repression of pro-inflammatory gene transcription. Recently, some reports have described a different mechanism of action of oxysterols, mediated by the engagement of G-Protein Coupled Receptors. Here, we summarize LXR-dependent and LXR-independent responses of oxysterols on immune cells with possible effects on tumor development.
authors: Cancer Therapy, MolMed SpA, Via Olgettina 58, Milan, Italy.
authors: Catia
authors: C
authors: Traversari
authors: Vincenzo
authors: V
authors: Russo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000276:immunology*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D013261:Sterols / Q000276:immunology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D013261:Sterols