title: Suicidal ideation, risk factors, and communication with parents. An HBSC study on school children in Estonia, Lithuania, and Luxembourg.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Suicide is a leading cause of death among youth. In the year 2002, Lithuania had the 2nd, Luxembourg the 5th, and Estonia the 9th highest suicide rates among 15- to 19-year-olds across 90 countries worldwide. Suicidal ideation is a significant precursor to suicide.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report on the prevalence of and associations between suicidal ideation, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical fighting, bullying, and communication with parents among 15-year-old schoolchildren.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey analyzes data from the 2005/2006 HBSC study from Estonia, Lithuania, and Luxembourg (N = 4,954). The risk factors were calculated through multinomial logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of suicidal ideation in the preceding year was 17%. Suicidal thoughts were associated with communication difficulties with parents (OR from 2.0 to 4.6) and other risk factors, especially multiple risks (OR for 4-5 concurrent risk factors from 4.5 to 13.6). Parent-child communication had a significant mediating effect by decreasing the odds for suicidality and multiple risks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence estimates were obtained by self-reports. The causal relationships need further investigation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk factors studied, particularly multiple risks, were associated with higher odds for suicidal ideation. Good parent-child communication is a significant resource for decreasing suicidal ideation among adolescents.
authors: Estonian-Swedish Mental Health and Suicidology Institute, Estonian Centre of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Tallinn, Estonia. lauraliisa.mark@gmail.com
authors: Lauraliisa
authors: L
authors: Mark
authors: Algi
authors: A
authors: Samm
authors: Liina-Mai
authors: LM
authors: Tooding
authors: Merike
authors: M
authors: Sisask
authors: Katrin
authors: K
authors: Aasvee
authors: Apolinaras
authors: A
authors: Zaborskis
authors: Nida
authors: N
authors: Zemaitiene
authors: Airi
authors: A
authors: Värnik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D058445:Bullying; D003142:Communication; D004957:Estonia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008097:Lithuania / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008189:Luxembourg / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D059020:Suicidal Ideation; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*