title: Characterization of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cytokine expression in macrophages and monocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In vitro cell culture models are widely used in inflammation research; however, information regarding the time- and dose-dependency of inflammatory responses toward LPS in these cell lines is scattered in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  J774A.1 mouse macrophage and THP-1 human monocyte cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  J774A.1 and THP-1 cells were treated with 0-500 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide for 0-24 h.
  
  
  METHODS
  SRB and BCA tests were used to measure total protein. Real-time PCR was used to determine gene expression levels, and ELISA was used to assess the protein levels. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test were used to test the significance levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In J774A.1 and THP-1 cells, cytokines responded in distinct patterns upon LPS stimulation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and the differential regulation of the response to LPS between J774A.1 and THP-1 cells appeared to correlate with the differential regulation of TLR4 at the mRNA level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, this study indicated that temporal and dose-dependent responses to LPS need to be controlled for and that extrapolation of data on mechanisms may differ between cell lines of different origin.
authors: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, 0112 Skinner Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
authors: Haiqiu
authors: H
authors: Huang
authors: Arnetta
authors: A
authors: Fletcher
authors: Yuge
authors: Y
authors: Niu
authors: Thomas T Y
authors: TT
authors: Wang
authors: Liangli
authors: L
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000276:immunology; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human