title: Markers of B-cell activation in relation to risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: B-cell activation biomarkers have been associated with increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in HIV-infected populations. However, whether a similar association may exist in general populations has not been established. We conducted a case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study cohort to measure the B-cell activation biomarkers sCD23, sCD27, sCD30, sCD44, and CXCL13 in serum samples collected an average of 6 years before NHL diagnosis in 491 cases and 491 controls. Using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios, we observed strong associations between NHL and markers for all B-cell NHL and for major subtypes. Women with marker levels in the highest-versus-lowest quartile categories of CD23, CD27, CD30, or CXCL13 were at 2.8- to 5.5-fold increased risk of B-NHL. In addition, there were significant trends of risk with increasing levels of these markers present. Associations were strongest for cases with shortest lag times between blood draw and diagnosis (<3 years). However, there were also significant associations for cases with the longest prediagnostic lag (9 to 13 years). Taken together, our findings indicate a prominent role for B-cell activation among postmenopausal women in the etiology of B-cell NHL and/or in processes reflective of early disease development as early as 9 years before diagnosis.
authors: Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024, USA. aderoos@fhcrc.org
authors: Anneclaire J
authors: AJ
authors: De Roos
authors: Dana K
authors: DK
authors: Mirick
authors: Kerstin L
authors: KL
authors: Edlefsen
authors: Andrea Z
authors: AZ
authors: LaCroix
authors: Kenneth J
authors: KJ
authors: Kopecky
authors: Margaret M
authors: MM
authors: Madeleine
authors: Larry
authors: L
authors: Magpantay
authors: Otoniel
authors: O
authors: Martínez-Maza
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor