title: Iatrogenic retinal artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial filler injections.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical manifestations and visual prognosis of retinal artery occlusion resulting from cosmetic facial filler injections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, noncomparative case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Setting. Institutional. Study Population. Twelve consecutive patients with retinal artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial filler injections. Main Outcome Measures. Filler materials, injection sites, best-corrected visual acuities, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography findings, and associated ocular and systemic manifestations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven, 2, and 3 patients had ophthalmic, central retinal, and branch retinal artery occlusions, respectively. Injected materials included autologous fat (7 cases), hyaluronic acid (4 cases), and collagen (1 case), and injection sites were the glabellar region (7 cases), nasolabial fold (4 cases), or both (1 case). Injected autologous fat was associated with worse final best-corrected visual acuity than the other materials. All patients with ophthalmic artery occlusion had ocular pain and no improvement in best-corrected visual acuity. Optical coherence tomography revealed thinner and less vascular choroids in eyes with ophthalmic artery occlusion than in adjacent normal eyes. Concomitant brain infarction developed in 2 cases each of central retinal artery occlusion and ophthalmic artery occlusion. Phthisis developed in 1 case of ophthalmic artery occlusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cosmetic filler injections into the glabellar region or nasolabial fold can cause retinal artery occlusion. Iatrogenic ophthalmic artery occlusion is associated with painful blindness, a thin choroid, brain infarction, and poor visual outcomes, particularly when autologous fat is used. Ophthalmic examination and systematic brain magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in patients with ocular pain after such injections.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
authors: Sung Wook
authors: SW
authors: Park
authors: Se Joon
authors: SJ
authors: Woo
authors: Kyu Hyung
authors: KH
authors: Park
authors: Jang Won
authors: JW
authors: Huh
authors: Cheolkyu
authors: C
authors: Jung
authors: O-Ki
authors: OK
authors: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001766:Blindness / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000009:adverse effects; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005546:Forehead; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D009666:Nose; D011379:Prognosis; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000637:transplantation; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D003094:Collagen