title: Dietary acculturation and body composition predict American Hmong children's blood pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine how dietary acculturation, anthropometric measures (height, weight, circumferences, and skinfolds), body mass index (BMI), and waist hip ratios (WHRs) are associated with blood pressure (BP) measures in Hmong children living in Minnesota.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acculturation was measured using responses to questions regarding language usage, social connections, and diet. Dietary assessment was completed using the multiple-pass 24-h dietary recall method on two different days. Anthropometric and BP measurement were taken using standard procedures, and BMI and WHR were calculated. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and stepwise regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using stepwise regression analysis, hip circumference (HC) predicted boys' systolic (S)BP (R(2) = 0.55). For girls' SBP, mid-upper arm circumference, WHR, low calcium consumption, and height percentile jointly explained 41% of the total variation. Mid upper arm circumference (MAC) and carbohydrate consumption predicted 35% of the variance for boys' diastolic (D)BP, and HC, dairy consumption, and calcium intake predicted 31% of the total variance for girls' DBP. Responses to dietary acculturation questions revealed between group differences for breakfast with half of the younger Born-Thailand/Laos (Born-T/L) consuming mostly Hmong food, while at dinner Born-US consumed a mixed diet and Born-T/L were more likely to consume Hmong food.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary acculturation and body composition predict Hmong children's BP.
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA. csmith@umn.edu
authors: Chery
authors: C
authors: Smith
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Franzen-Castle
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000886:Anthropometry; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001824:Body Constitution; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007812:Laos / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013785:Thailand / Q000208:ethnology