title: Mycobacterium kansasii pericarditis in a kidney transplant recipient: a case report and comprehensive review of the literature.
abstract: Mycobacterium kansasii is the second most common non-tuberculous mycobacteria in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and has been reported to cause disseminated infection in KTRs. We report the first case to our knowledge of M. kansasii pericarditis after kidney transplantation in a 54-year-old man. The patient was admitted with a 2-month history of intermittent fever and myalgia, treated with oral prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil prior to admission. Chest computed tomography showed enlarged mediastinal lymph node and small amount of pericardial effusion. Mediastinoscopic biopsy of mediastinal lymph node revealed reactive hyperplasia, without evidence of granuloma, but acid-fast bacilli stain of pericardial fluid reported positive finding and pericardial fluid culture identified M. kansasii. The patient has been treated successfully with rifabutin-based combination therapy. All available cases of M. kansasii infection in kidney transplant patients and M. kansasii pericarditis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients are comprehensively reviewed.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
authors: J-H
authors: JH
authors: Cho
authors: C-H
authors: CH
authors: Yu
authors: M-K
authors: MK
authors: Jin
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Kwon
authors: K-D
authors: KD
authors: Hong
authors: J-Y
authors: JY
authors: Choi
authors: S-H
authors: SH
authors: Yoon
authors: S-H
authors: SH
authors: Park
authors: C-D
authors: CD
authors: Kim
authors: Y-L
authors: YL
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D019909:Mycobacterium kansasii / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010493:Pericarditis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017828:Rifabutin