title: Human biology at the interface of paediatrics: measuring bone mineral accretion during childhood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Professor Tanner established a paradigm for the study of growth and development that demands precise growth measurements, description of normal variability through development to adulthood, consideration of the effects of tempo and the study of factors that influence growth outcomes. The relatively new field of paediatric bone health assessment fits this paradigm and reflects the collaboration of human biologists and paediatricians in understanding the growth of the human skeleton.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review describes the reasons for clinical assessment of bone density in children, the technological developments in bone health assessment in children, the development of reference curves and the effects of growth, body composition, pubertal timing, genetics and lifestyle on bone health outcomes.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, room 1560, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA. zemel@email.chop.edu
authors: Babette S
authors: BS
authors: Zemel
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D015519:Bone Density / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000175:diagnosis; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000517:prevention & control; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D011627:Puberty / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors