title: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in animal models of an ethanolic             extract of Taheebo, the inner bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.
abstract: Taheebo, the purple inner bark of the Bignoniaceae tree Tabebuia avellanedae Lorentz ex Griseb, which is found in tropical rain forests in northeastern Brazil, has been used as a traditional medicine for various diseases for more than 1,500 years. In the current study, various animal models were used to demonstrate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of its ethanolic extract, thereby investigating its potential as a therapeutic treatment for diseases with pain and inflammation. In the hot plate and writhing tests for the in vivo analgesic effect test of Taheebo, a 200 mg/kg dose of the extract induced a significant anti-nociceptive effect and increased the pain threshold by approximately 30% compared with the control. In vascular permeability and tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)‑, arachidonic acid- and carrageenan-induced paw edema tests for anti-inflammatory effects, treatment with 200 mg/kg Taheebo led to significant anti-inflammatory effects and inhibited inflammation by 30-50% compared with the control. At 100 mg/kg, the extract decreased the levels of pain and inflammation in all tested models, but the degree of inhibition was not statistically significant. The results suggest that the ethanolic extract of the inner bark of Tabebuia avellanedae has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic or supportive drug against diseases with accompanying pain and inflammation, including osteoarthritis.
authors: East-West Bone and Joint Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Mu Hong
authors: MH
authors: Lee
authors: Hyun Mi
authors: HM
authors: Choi
authors: Dae-Hyun
authors: DH
authors: Hahm
authors: Erk
authors: E
authors: Her
authors: Hyung-In
authors: HI
authors: Yang
authors: Myung Chul
authors: MC
authors: Yoo
authors: Kyoung Soo
authors: KS
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000187:drug effects*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D029663:Tabebuia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol