title: Lipoproteins in Drosophila melanogaster--assembly, function, and influence on tissue lipid composition.
abstract: Interorgan lipid transport occurs via lipoproteins, and altered lipoprotein levels correlate with metabolic disease. However, precisely how lipoproteins affect tissue lipid composition has not been comprehensively analyzed. Here, we identify the major lipoproteins of Drosophila melanogaster and use genetics and mass spectrometry to study their assembly, interorgan trafficking, and influence on tissue lipids. The apoB-family lipoprotein Lipophorin (Lpp) is the major hemolymph lipid carrier. It is produced as a phospholipid-rich particle by the fat body, and its secretion requires Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (MTP). Lpp acquires sterols and most diacylglycerol (DAG) at the gut via Lipid Transfer Particle (LTP), another fat body-derived apoB-family lipoprotein. The gut, like the fat body, is a lipogenic organ, incorporating both de novo-synthesized and dietary fatty acids into DAG for export. We identify distinct requirements for LTP and Lpp-dependent lipid mobilization in contributing to the neutral and polar lipid composition of the brain and wing imaginal disc. These studies define major routes of interorgan lipid transport in Drosophila and uncover surprising tissue-specific differences in lipoprotein lipid utilization.
authors: Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
authors: Wilhelm
authors: W
authors: Palm
authors: Julio L
authors: JL
authors: Sampaio
authors: Marko
authors: M
authors: Brankatschk
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Carvalho
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Mahmoud
authors: Andrej
authors: A
authors: Shevchenko
authors: Suzanne
authors: S
authors: Eaton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005216:Fat Body / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000378:metabolism; D060227:Imaginal Discs / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C574098:Cv-d protein, Drosophila; D004075:Diglycerides; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008074:Lipoproteins; C030363:lipid transfer protein; C032830:lipophorin; C106092:microsomal triglyceride transfer protein