title: Remote results of reconstructive operations in pathological deformity of the internal carotid artery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to study remote results of surgical treatment of patients presenting with a pathological deformity of the internal carotid artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  the study was based on retrospectively analysing the findings of examination and the outcomes of surgical treatment of 142 patients presenting with an isolated pathological deformity of the internal carotid artery (ICA), who underwent a total of 166 reconstructive operations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  7% of patients were operated on at the asymptomatic stage, more than half (56%) of the patients were found to have transient (21%) or persistent neurological deficit (35%), 37% of patients had stage III cerebrovascular insufficiency. Twenty-five (15%) operations were performed for C- and S-shape tortuosity, ninety-seven (58%) procedures for kinking of the internal carotid artery, and forty-four (27%) interventions for coiling. The operation of choice was resection with redressation of the internal carotid artery and reimplantation into the old ostium (74%). Analysing the results of surgical treatment showed its high neurological efficiency in prevention of cerebral circulation impairments (93% of patients at terms up to 25 years had no such complications), as well as clinical efficacy (relief of cerebrovascular insufficiency symptoms in 91.1% of patients). The effect obtained appeared to preserve during 2 and 5 years in 96% and 92% of patients, respectively, and at terms up to 25 years in 83%. The 3-, 5- and up- to-25-year survival amounted to 95%, 92% and 75%, respectively. Restenosis of the internal carotid artery was significantly more often observed after prosthetic repair of the artery (p <0.05) as compared with other methods of reconstruction employed. Thromboses of the internal carotid artery were encountered with similar frequency (8%) only after prosthetic repair and resection of the internal carotid artery with an «end-to-end» anastomosis, which was significantly more often than in resection with redressation (p <0.05). Stroke incidence in the remote postoperative period amounted to 0.8% and the «stroke + stroke-related mortality» parameter equalled 1.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the remote results of surgical treatment for pathological deformity of the internal carotid artery are strongly suggestive of high efficacy of this method of prevention of impairments of cerebral circulation and treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency in patients with the pathology concerned. The operation of choice in pathological deformity of the internal carotid artery is resection with redressation of the internal carotid artery and reimplantation into the original ostium.
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery, Moscow, Russia.
authors: A V
authors: AV
authors: Pokrovskiĭ
authors: D F
authors: DF
authors: Beloiartsev
authors: Z A
authors: ZA
authors: Adyrkhaev
authors: I E
authors: IE
authors: Timina
authors: I A
authors: IA
authors: Losik
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency