title: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis presenting with acute psychosis in a preteenage girl: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a rare, newly defined autoimmune clinical entity that presents with atypical clinical manifestations. Most patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis develop a progressive illness from psychosis into a state of unresponsiveness, with catatonic features often associated with abnormal movements and autonomic instability. This is the first report of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in a Greek pediatric hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 11-year-old Greek girl presented with clinical manifestations of acute psychosis. The differential diagnosis included viral encephalitis. The presence of a tumor usually an ovarian teratoma, a common clinical finding in many patients, was excluded. Early diagnosis and prompt immunotherapy resulted in full recovery up to one year after the initial diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute psychosis is a rare psychiatric presentation in children, diagnosed only after possible organic syndromes that mimic acute psychosis are excluded, including anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor receptor encephalitis. Pediatricians, neurologists and psychiatrists should consider this rare clinical syndrome, in order to make an early diagnosis and instigate appropriate treatment to maximize neurological recovery.
authors: 1st Department of Pediatrics, "P & A Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. vivian.maggina@hotmail.com.
authors: Paraskevi
authors: P
authors: Maggina
authors: Mersini
authors: M
authors: Mavrikou
authors: Stavroula
authors: S
authors: Karagianni
authors: Chrysanthi L
authors: CL
authors: Skevaki
authors: Antigoni
authors: A
authors: Triantafyllidou
authors: Constantinos
authors: C
authors: Voudris
authors: Eustathia
authors: E
authors: Katsarou
authors: Lela
authors: L
authors: Stamogiannou
authors: Sotiria
authors: S
authors: Mastroyianni