title: [Intensive care of a person refusing blood products].
abstract: In cases with severe anemia and significant hemorrhages, intensive care of a person refusing blood products is challenging. Owing to ethical aspects associated with conviction, treatment is easily subject to prejudice. Research data on this particular topic are insufficient, thus, treatment decisions are based on case reports. Treatment modalities that can be approved by the patients should be scrutinized as early as possible and individuality taken into consideration. Epoetin, iron and vitamins are readily started. Attempts have to be made to guarantee adequate blood volume, oxygen transport and hemostasis. Mechanical ventilation, high fraction of inspired oxygen and sedation are utilized as supportive treatments, when severe anemia is improving.
authors: HUS, Meilahden sairaala, ATEK, Teho-os 20.
authors: Noora
authors: N
authors: Oittinen
authors: Anna-Maija
authors: AM
authors: Korhonen
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Kuitunen
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000628:therapy*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D016312:Treatment Refusal; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014815:Vitamins; C103998:epoetin beta; D004921:Erythropoietin; D007501:Iron