title: Do intraoperative hemodynamic factors of the recipient influence renal graft function?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the importance of intraoperative management of recipient hemodynamics for immediate versus delayed graft function.
  
  
  METHODS
  The retrospective study of 1966 consecutive renal transplants performed in our department between June 1980 and December 2009 analyzed several perioperative hemodynamic factors: central venous pressure (CVP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) as well as volumes of fluids, fresh frozen plasma (FFP), albumin, and whole blood transfusions. We examined their influence on renal graft function parameters: immediate diuresis, serum creatinine levels, acute rejection, chronic transplant dysfunction, and graft survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean CVP was 9.23 ± 2.65 mm Hg and its variations showed no impact on graft function. We verified a twofold greater risk of chronic allograft dysfunction among patients with CVP ≥ 11 mm Hg (P < .001). Mean MAP was 93.74 ± 13.6 mm Hg; graft survivals among subjects with MAP ≥ 93 mm Hg were greater than those of patients with MAP < 93 mm Hg (P = .04). On average, 2303.6 ± 957.4 mL of saline solutions were infused during surgery. Patients who received whole blood transfusions (48%) showed a greater incidence of acute rejection episodes (ARE) (P = .049) and chronic graft dysfunction (P < .001). Patients who received FFP (55.7%), showed a higher incidence of ARE (P < .001). Only 4.6% of patients (n = 91) received human albumin with a lower incidence of ARE (P = .045) and chronic graft dysfunction (P = .024). Logistic binary regression analysis revealed that plasma administration was an independent risk factor for ARE (P < .001) and chronic dysfunction (P = .028). Volume administration (≥ 2500 mL) was also an independent risk factor for chronic allograft dysfunction (P = .016). Using Cox regression, we verified volume administration ≥ 2500 mL to be the only independent risk factor for graft failure (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAP ≥ 93 mm Hg and perioperative fluid administration <2500 mL were associated with greater graft survival. Albumin infusion seemed to be a protective factor, while CVP ≥ 11 mm Hg, whole blood, and FFP transfusions were associated with higher rates of ARE and chronic graft dysfunction.
authors: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Coimbra University Hospital, Coimbra, Portugal. liliancncampos@gmail.com
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Campos
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Parada
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Furriel
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Castelo
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Moreira
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Mota
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D062186:Arterial Pressure; D002496:Central Venous Pressure; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D051799:Delayed Graft Function / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000009:adverse effects; D011174:Portugal; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D012965:Sodium Chloride