title: Standardized ileal digestibilities of crude protein, amino acids, and contents of antinutritional factors, mycotoxins, and isoflavones of European soybean meal imports fed to piglets.
abstract: A study with 3 experiments and 3 periods each was conducted to assess the protein value of soybean meal (SBM) batches that were imported into the European Union (EU) from Argentina, Brazil, or the United States (US). Six random SBM batches from each origin were analyzed for contents of CP, AA, ether extract, crude ash, NDF, ADF, oligosaccharides, isoflavones, mycotoxins, trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA), and protein dispersibility index. Piglets were used for determination of standardized ileal digestibilities (SID) of CP and AA in these 18 SBM batches. In each experiment, 12 piglets (initial BW = 5.6 ± 0.7 kg) were surgically fitted with simple T-cannulas at the distal ileum. The piglets were randomly allotted to 18 semisynthetic assay diets, which included 1 of the 18 SBM batches from the 3 origins at an inclusion level of 250 g/kg (as-fed). Average content of CP was 480, 505, and 488 g/kg (as-fed) for Argentinean, Brazilian, and US SBM batches, respectively, and was greater for Brazilian SBM (P ≤ 0.05) compared with the other 2 origins. Contents of most AA were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in Brazilian compared with Argentinean SBM batches. Amino acid contents in US SBM batches ranged between those from Argentina and Brazil. Average TIA were 3.9, 5.1, and 3.4 mg trypsin inhibitor/g CP for Argentinean, Brazilian, and US SBM batches, and were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for Brazilian SBM compared with the other origins. Mycotoxins were detected in 8 out of 18 SBM batches, but all mycotoxin concentrations were less than their critical benchmarks. The contents of individual isoflavones varied considerably and differed (P ≤ 0.05) among SBM origins. The SID of CP, Arg, Phe, Thr, Trp, Asp, Gly, and Ser were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for US compared with Argentinean SBM batches, with intermediate values for Brazilian SBM batches. The obtained SID values were most variable within Argentinean SBM batches and most homogenous within US SBM batches, as indicated by great and small CV, respectively. However, SID of CP and AA were not affected (P > 0.05) by any of the chemical variables measured in this study, according to linear and quadratic regression analyses. Greatest SID values and good homogeneity between individual batches of the same origin were observed for US SBM. The results of this study with piglets will expand the database on SID of CP and AA in SBM from 3 of the major soybean-producing and processing countries.
authors: Institute of Animal Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Goerke
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Eklund
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Sauer
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rademacher
authors: H-P
authors: HP
authors: Piepho
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Mosenthin
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D004063:Digestion; D007082:Ileum / Q000502:physiology*; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000032:analysis; D008239:Lysine / Q000032:analysis; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000502:physiology*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D007529:Isoflavones; D009183:Mycotoxins; D011506:Proteins; D008239:Lysine