title: Hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction of amphetamine-type stimulants in human hair samples.
abstract: A fast method was optimized and validated in order to quantify amphetamine-type stimulants (amphetamine, AMP; methamphetamine, MAMP; fenproporex, FPX; 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA; and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, MDA) in human hair samples. The method was based in an initial procedure of decontamination of hair samples (50 mg) with dichloromethane, followed by alkaline hydrolysis and extraction of the amphetamines using hollow-fiber liquid-phase micro extraction (HF-LPME) in the three-phase mode. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for identification and quantification of the analytes. The LoQs obtained for all amphetamines (around 0.05 ng/mg) were below the cut-off value (0.2 ng/mg) established by the Society of Hair Testing (SoHT). The method showed to be simple and precise. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were within 10.6% and 11.4%, respectively, with the use of only two deuterated internal standards (AMP-d5 and MDMA-d5). By using the weighted least squares linear regression (1/x²), the accuracy of the method was satisfied in the lower concentration levels (accuracy values better than 87%). Hair samples collected from six volunteers who reported regular use of amphetamines were submitted to the developed method. Drug detection was observed in all samples of the volunteers.
authors: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Lorena
authors: L
authors: do Nascimento Pantaleão
authors: Beatriz Aparecida Passos
authors: BA
authors: Bismara Paranhos
authors: Mauricio
authors: M
authors: Yonamine
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D059627:Liquid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid