title: Gene expression profiling of Escherichia coli in response to interactions with the lettuce rhizosphere.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine transcriptional changes in Escherichia coli when the bacterium was growing in the lettuce rhizoshpere.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A combination of microarray analyses, colonization assays and confocal microscopy was used to gain a more complete understanding of bacterial genes involved in the colonization and growth of E. coli K12 in the lettuce root rhizosphere using a novel hydroponic assay system. After 3 days of interaction with lettuce roots, E. coli genes involved in protein synthesis, stress responses and attachment were up-regulated. Mutants in curli production (crl, csgA) and flagella synthesis (fliN) had a reduced capacity to attach to roots as determined by bacterial counts and by confocal laser scanning microscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that E. coli K12 has the capability to colonize lettuce roots by using attachment genes and can readily adapt to the rhizosphere of lettuce plants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this study show curli production and biofilm modulation genes are important for rhizosphere colonization and may provide useful targets to disrupt this process. Further studies using pathogenic strains will provide additional information about lettuce-E. coli interactions.
authors: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Hou
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Fink
authors: E P
authors: EP
authors: Black
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Sugawara
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Zhang
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Diez-Gonzalez
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Sadowsky
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D048168:Escherichia coli K12 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005516:Food Microbiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D018527:Hydroponics; D018545:Lactuca / Q000382:microbiology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D058441:Rhizosphere
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins