title: Medical strategies for treatment of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) docetaxel resistant.
abstract: Current landscape of treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has recently changed. Cabazitaxel, a new taxane with potential antineoplastic activity, has been approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after docetaxel failure. In a phase III trial, cabazitaxel showed increased overall survival (OS) compared with mitoxantrone (15.1 vs. 12.7 mo, HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.59-0.83, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, chemotherapy is not the only strategy available: several studies have shown as CRPC remains dependent on androgen receptor function for growth. Abiraterone acetate, an irreversible inhibitor of CYP17, has also been approved by FDA after docetaxel failure. In a phase III trial comparing abiraterone acetate to placebo, abiraterone showed improvement in OS (14.8 vs. 10.4 mo, HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.54-0.77; p < 0.0001).   This review will discuss current options and the ongoing trials for second-line treatment of CRPC including chemotherapy, hormonal therapies, antiangiogenetic and immune strategies.
authors: Department of Radiology, Oncology and Human Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy. altamelia@libero.it
authors: Amelia
authors: A
authors: Altavilla
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Iacovelli
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Procopio
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Alesini
authors: Emanuela
authors: E
authors: Risi
authors: Giuseppe Maria
authors: GM
authors: Campennì
authors: Antonella
authors: A
authors: Palazzo
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Cortesi
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D000077143:Docetaxel; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; C552428:cabazitaxel