title: Treating inflammation by blocking interleukin-1 in a broad spectrum of diseases.
abstract: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a highly active pro-inflammatory cytokine that lowers pain thresholds and damages tissues. Monotherapy blocking IL-1 activity in autoinflammatory syndromes results in a rapid and sustained reduction in disease severity, including reversal of inflammation-mediated loss of sight, hearing and organ function. This approach can therefore be effective in treating common conditions such as post-infarction heart failure, and trials targeting a broad spectrum of new indications are underway. So far, three IL-1-targeted agents have been approved: the IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra, the soluble decoy receptor rilonacept and the neutralizing monoclonal anti-IL-1β antibody canakinumab. In addition, a monoclonal antibody directed against the IL-1 receptor and a neutralizing anti-IL-1α antibody are in clinical trials.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. cdinare333@aol.com
authors: Charles A
authors: CA
authors: Dinarello
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Simon
authors: Jos W M
authors: JW
authors: van der Meer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C541220:canakinumab; C531377:rilonacept