title: Determinants of pain and functioning in hip osteoarthritis - a two-year prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify predictors of pain and disability in hip osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective analysis of determinants of pain and functioning in hip osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rehabilitation clinic in a central hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 118 men and women aged 55-80 years who had radiologically diagnosed hip osteoarthritis and associated clinical symptoms and participated in a randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  The self-reported disease-specific pain and physical function were assessed using the pain and functioning subscales of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis index. The self-reported generic physical and mental functioning were assessed by using the Finnish-validated SF-36-item Health Survey RAND-36 subscales for function and physical and mental component summary scores. Outcome measures were recorded at 0, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate linear mixed model analyses revealed that lower disease-specific pain score and better functioning (WOMAC) were predicted by higher educational level (9.61 (3.15 to 16.07); 9.07 (2.05 to 16.09)), supervised exercise training (-10.13 (-17.87 to -2.39); -11.58 (-19.40 to -3.77)), habitual conditioning physical activity (-0.48 (-0.96 to -0.01); -0.39 (-0.84 to 0.05)), absence of comorbidities (-6.30 (-12.35 to -0.24); -7.87 (-14.45 to -1.30)) and absence of additional knee osteoarthritis (-7.62 (-13.87 to -1.36); -8.02 (-14.81 to -1.23)), respectively. The same factors, except for the comorbidities, also predicted general physical functioning score (RAND-36).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher education, absence of knee osteoarthritis and comorbidities, supervised exercise training and habitual conditioning physical activity predicted a lower presence of pain and better functional status in patients with hip osteoarthritis.
authors: Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Mikkeli Central Hospital, Mikkeli, Finland. riikka.juhakoski@esshp.fi
authors: Riikka
authors: R
authors: Juhakoski
authors: Antti
authors: A
authors: Malmivaara
authors: Timo A
authors: TA
authors: Lakka
authors: Seppo
authors: S
authors: Tenhonen
authors: Marja-Leena
authors: ML
authors: Hannila
authors: Jari P A
authors: JP
authors: Arokoski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D004522:Educational Status; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors