title: Conservative management of unusual keratinising squamous metaplasia of the bladder in a 28-year-old female and overview of the literature.
abstract: Keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the bladder is rare and is usually associated with urinary tract infections and chronic irritation. It is considered a precancerous condition of squamous cell carcinoma, especially when more than 50% of the bladder surface is affected. Medical treatment cannot eradicate this lesion. When it is limited to a small area of the bladder, transurethral resection is possible. Annual cystoscopy with multiple biopsies as well as annual upper tract imaging is proposed in the follow up of these patients. We present a preliminary 2-year followup report of a keratinizing squamous metaplasia of the bladder in a 28-year-old female patient with no previous risk factors.
authors: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas, No. 2, 18014 Granada, Spain.
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Vázquez Alonso
authors: Raquel
authors: R
authors: Berrio Campos
authors: Ignacio
authors: I
authors: Puche Sanz
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Segura Sánchez
authors: Jose Miguel
authors: JM
authors: Molina Hernandez
authors: Jose Francisco
authors: JF
authors: Flores Martin
authors: Jose Manuel
authors: JM
authors: Cózar Olmo