title: Zinc biofortification of rice in China: a simulation of zinc intake with different dietary patterns.
abstract: A cross-sectional survey of 2819 adults aged 20 years and above was undertaken in 2002 in Jiangsu Province. Zinc intake was assessed using a consecutive 3-day 24-h dietary recall method. Insufficient and excess intake was determined according to the Chinese Dietary Recommended Intakes. Four distinct dietary patterns were identified namely "traditional", "macho", "sweet tooth", and "healthy". Intake of zinc from biofortified rice was simulated at an intermediate zinc concentration (2.7 mg/100 g) and a high zinc concentration (3.8 mg/100 g) in rice. Average total zinc intake was 12.0 ± 3.7 mg/day, and insufficiency of zinc intake was present in 15.4%. Simulated zinc intake from biofortified rice with intermediate and high zinc concentration decreased the prevalence of low zinc intake to 6.5% and 4.4%, respectively. The effect was most pronounced in the "traditional" pattern, with only 0.7% of insufficiency of zinc intake remaining in the highest quartile of the pattern. Zinc intake was inversely associated with the "sweet tooth" pattern. Zinc biofortifed rice improves dietary zinc intake and lowers risk for insufficient zinc intake, especially for subjects with a more "traditional" food pattern, but less for subjects with a "sweet tooth" food pattern.
authors: Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Province Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China. yu.qin@wur.nl
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Qin
authors: Alida
authors: A
authors: Melse-Boonstra
authors: Baojun
authors: B
authors: Yuan
authors: Xiaoqun
authors: X
authors: Pan
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Dai
authors: Minghao
authors: M
authors: Zhou
authors: Rita
authors: R
authors: Wegmueller
authors: Jinkou
authors: J
authors: Zhao
authors: Frans J
authors: FJ
authors: Kok
authors: Zumin
authors: Z
authors: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000172:deficiency
chemical_list: D015032:Zinc