title: Abnormal early diastolic intraventricular flow 'kinetic energy index' assessed by vector flow mapping in patients with elevated filling pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently developed vector flow mapping (VFM) enables evaluation of local flow dynamics without angle dependency. This study used VFM to evaluate quantitatively the index of intraventricular haemodynamic kinetic energy in patients with left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and to compare those with normal subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 25 patients with estimated high left atrial (LA) pressure (pseudonormal: PN group) and 36 normal subjects (control group). Left ventricle was divided into basal, mid, and apical segments. Intraventricular haemodynamic energy was evaluated in the dimension of speed, and it was defined as the kinetic energy index. We calculated this index and created time-energy index curves. The time interval from electrocardiogram (ECG) R wave to peak index was measured, and time differences of the peak index between basal and other segments were defined as ΔT-mid and ΔT-apex. In both groups, early diastolic peak kinetic energy index in mid and apical segments was significantly lower than that in the basal segment. Time to peak index did not differ in apex, mid, and basal segments in the control group but was significantly longer in the apex than that in the basal segment in the PN group. ΔT-mid and ΔT-apex were significantly larger in the PN group than the control group. Multiple regression analysis showed sphericity index, E/E' to be significant independent variables determining ΔT apex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retarded apical kinetic energy fluid dynamics were detected using VFM and were closely associated with LV spherical remodelling in patients with high LA pressure.
authors: Faculty of Medicine, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors: Yoshie
authors: Y
authors: Nogami
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Ishizu
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Atsumi
authors: Masayoshi
authors: M
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Ryo
authors: R
authors: Kawamura
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Seo
authors: Kazutaka
authors: K
authors: Aonuma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007700:Kinetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*