title: Human papillomavirus infection in human immunodeficiency virus-positive Taiwanese women incarcerated for illicit drug usage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The number of female injection drug users infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is increasing in Taiwan. Their human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has not been fully discussed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in a prison for women. Both HIV-positive and HIV-negative women were enrolled voluntarily. All patients answered self-administered questionnaires, had a Pap smear, and underwent linear array HPV genotype tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 72 female patients infected with HIV and 76 women who were not infected with HIV were enrolled in this cross-sectional study (mean age, 33.4 years). HPV infection was detected in 63.9% of patients infected with HIV and 47.4% of HIV-negative counterparts (p=0.043). Oncogenic HPV was detected in 41.6% of patients infected with HIV and 28.9% of their counterparts (p=0.10). A mean of 2.41 types of HPV were detected in HIV-positive women and 1.53 types were detected in the HIV-negative counterparts (p=0.014). HPV 52 was the most commonly encountered oncogenic type. Only 10.2% of the patients (10.9% of HIV-positive patients) had vaccine-preventable HPV types. Patients with abnormal cytology (81.3%) tended to have oncogenic types of HPV infection. HIV serostatus was the significant factor associated with oncogenic HPV infection (odds ratio=2.583, 95% confidence interval 1.071-6.231, p=0.0347).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drug-using women infected with HIV had significantly higher rates of HPV infections, justifying the aggressive screening for cervical dysplasia.
authors: Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Banqiao, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors: Fang-Yeh
authors: FY
authors: Chu
authors: Yu-Shiang
authors: YS
authors: Lin
authors: Shu-Hsing
authors: SH
authors: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D060085:Coinfection / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011329:Prisoners; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs