title: Sulfatide negatively regulates the fusion process of human parainfluenza virus type 3.
abstract: Sulfatide (HSO(3)-3-galactosylceramide), which enriched in lipid rafts of plasma membranes in various epithelial cell lines, is a critical component of host cells for effective production of influenza A virus. However, the function of sulfatide in other virus infections targeting epithelial cells remains unknown. In this study, the effect of sulfatide on infection of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV3) was demonstrated by using genetically produced sulfatide-enriched cells and by treatment of hPIV3-infected cells with anti-sulfatide monoclonal antibody (GS-5) as well as by addition of sulfatide to the cells. hPIV3 was found to bind to sulfatide in a virus overlay assay and a solid-phase binding assay. Genetic expression of sulfatide in COS-7 cells defective in sulfatide suppressed initial hPIV3 infection and formation of multinucleate virus-infected cells. Treatment of virus-infected LLC-MK2 cells with GS-5 promoted formation of multinucleate cells. In contrast, exogenous addition of sulfatide to hPIV3-infected COS-7 cells and cells expressing the hPIV3-hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene and fusion (F) gene conspicuously reduced the formation of multinucleate cells. The results suggest that sulfatide negatively regulates the fusion process of hPIV3, possibly through interaction with HN or F glycoprotein on the cell surface.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka and Global COE Program, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
authors: Tadanobu
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Kazuhiko
authors: K
authors: Ito
authors: Keijo
authors: K
authors: Fukushima
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Takaguchi
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Hayakawa
authors: Yasuo
authors: Y
authors: Suzuki
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000187:drug effects*; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D013433:Sulfoglycosphingolipids / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D013433:Sulfoglycosphingolipids