title: SOX2 autoantibodies as noninvasive serum biomarker for breast carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A clear association has been established between antibodies to the transcription factor sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box 2 (SOX2) and small cell lung cancer. In light of the pathologic role of SOX2 and its aberrant expression in breast cancer, we measured serum SOX2 autoantibodies (SOX2-Abs) in breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presence of SOX2-Abs was determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera from 282 patients with breast cancer, 78 patients with benign breast disease, and 194 healthy women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOX2-Abs were more prevalent in patients with breast cancer (18.4%) compared with healthy women (2.6%, P < 0.0001), and patients with benign breast disease (6.4%, P = 0.011). The concentrations of circulating SOX2-Abs were found to discriminate between breast cancer patients and healthy controls (P < 0.001) and between breast cancer patients and those with benign breast disease (P < 0.001). In addition, measurement of SOX2-Abs was more effective than assays of serum tissue polypeptide-specific antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen (CA) 125, and CA 15-3 in distinguishing between malignant and benign breast disease. In breast cancer patients, the prevalence of SOX2-Abs was associated with a higher tumor grade (P = 0.021) and positive nodal status (P = 0.021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of SOX2-Abs in breast cancer may be of clinical value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides the first evidence for the presence of circulating SOX2-Abs in breast cancer and shows their potential clinical application.
authors: Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Sun
authors: Rui
authors: R
authors: Zhang
authors: Minjie
authors: M
authors: Wang
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Qi
authors: Jinming
authors: J
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D001323:Autoantibodies; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C527782:SOX2 protein, human; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors