title: Low-frequency fatigue as an indicator of eccentric exercise-induced muscle injury: the role of vitamin E.
abstract: This study investigates whether vitamin E can attenuate eccentric exercise-induced soleus muscle injury as indicated by the amelioration of in situ isometric force decline following a low-frequency fatigue protocol (stimulation at 4 Hz for 5 min) and the ability of the muscle to recover 3 min after the termination of the fatigue protocol. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into vitamin E-supplemented or placebo-supplemented groups studied at rest, immediately post-exercise or 48 h post-exercise. Daily dl-α-tocopheryl acetate intraperitoneal injections of 100 mg/kg body mass for 5 consecutive days prior to exercise doubled its plasma levels. Fatigue index and recovery index expressed as a percentage of the initial tension. FI at 0 h post- and 48 h post-exercise respectively was 88% ± 4.2% and 89% ± 6.8% in the vitamin E groups versus 76% ± 3% and 80% ± 11% in the placebo groups. RI was 99% ± 3.4% and 100% ± 6% in the vitamin E groups versus 82% ± 3.1% and 84% ± 5.9% in the placebo groups. Complementally to the traditionally recorded maximal force, low-frequency fatigue measures may be beneficial for assessing injury-induced decrease in muscle functionality.
authors: Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62110 Serres, Greece. akyparos@phed-sr.auth.gr
authors: Antonios
authors: A
authors: Kyparos
authors: Michalis G
authors: MG
authors: Nikolaidis
authors: Konstantina
authors: K
authors: Dipla
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Zafeiridis
authors: Vassilis
authors: V
authors: Paschalis
authors: Gerasimos V
authors: GV
authors: Grivas
authors: Anastasios A
authors: AA
authors: Theodorou
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Albani
authors: Chrysoula
authors: C
authors: Matziari
authors: Ioannis S
authors: IS
authors: Vrabas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014810:Vitamin E