title: A comparison of sanctions in African American and White TANF leavers.
abstract: In this study the authors explore racial disparities in the uses of sanctions and the different impact of sanctions on the economic well-being of African American and White TANF leavers. The study analyzed 907 African American and 1,336 White welfare leavers from the 1999 and 2002 data of the NSAF. Chi-square results show that sanctions are more significantly imposed to African Americans than Whites. On the other hand, regression results show that the impact of sanctions on the employment and family income of African Americans and Whites are comparable. Implications suggest that states need to have an appropriate sanction process, training programs for caseworkers, or other policy changes to reduce the racial disparities.
authors: School of Social Work, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA. kyoung.lee@wichita.edu
authors: Kyoung Hag
authors: KH
authors: Lee
authors: Dong Pil
authors: DP
authors: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011632:Public Assistance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012947:Social Work / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*