title: Serum levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor, a novel marker of insulin resistance, are independently associated with fasting apolipoprotein B48 levels in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fasting apolipoprotein B48 (apoB48) levels are associated with postprandial hyperlipidemia and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), one of the markers of metabolic derangements and atherosclerosis, respectively. However, it remains unknown whether fasting serum levels of apoB48 are independently correlated with insulin resistance and vascular inflammation in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 315 consecutive outpatients in our hospital (218 males and 97 females) with a mean age of 62.0 ± 9.2. We examined which anthropometric, metabolic and inflammatory variables, including serum levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a novel marker of insulin resistance were independently associated with fasting apoB48. Moreover, we investigated whether fasting apoB48 levels were correlated with atherosclerotic plaque inflammation evaluated by [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). Carotid [(18)F]-FDG uptake, an index of vascular inflammation within the atherosclerotic plaques, was measured as blood-normalized standardized uptake value, known as the target-to-background ratio (TBR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean serum levels of apoB48, PEDF, carotid IMT and TBR values were 2.77 ± 0.21 μg/mL, 13.45 ± 1.03 μg/mL, 0.71 ± 0.15 mm, and 1.43 ± 0.21, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that apoB48 levels were weakly, but not significantly associated with TBR (p=0.057). In multiple stepwise regression analysis, triglycerides (p<0.001), male (p=0.039), age (inversely, p=0.010), uric acid (p=0.007), medication for diabetes (p=0.029), and PEDF (p=0.049) were independently correlated to fasting apoB48 levels (R(2)=0.371).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study reveals that serum levels of PEDF are independently associated with fasting apoB48 levels, suggesting that PEDF level is a novel biomarker that could reflect postprandial hyperlipidemia in humans.
authors: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardio-Vascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan.
authors: Nobuhiro
authors: N
authors: Tahara
authors: Sho-ichi
authors: S
authors: Yamagishi
authors: Atsuko
authors: A
authors: Tahara
authors: Masayoshi
authors: M
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Imaizumi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D053283:Apolipoprotein B-48 / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015843:Serpins / Q000097:blood*; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D053283:Apolipoprotein B-48; D015415:Biomarkers; D005136:Eye Proteins; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015843:Serpins; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor