title: Use of phage display technology for the determination of the targets for small-molecule therapeutics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Target discovery of drug-like small-molecules contributes to our understanding of biological phenomena at the molecular level as well as elucidating the mode of action of bioactive compounds. Research in this field is of high value because, in addition to basic observations, the data can be used to directly identify molecular targets or investigate pharmacokinetic characteristics of drugs in clinical use.
  
  
  METHODS
  In addition to providing a brief overview of phage display (PD) technology, we discuss screening platforms, different types of phage libraries and the application of this method to the determination of targets for small-molecule therapeutics over the past decade.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Readers will gain an understanding of the basis of PD technology through successful examples of the use of this method for the determination of targets for small-molecule therapeutics. They will learn what kinds of small-molecules were used to identify their binding partner, what characteristics and drawbacks are present in the use of small-molecule as bait, and what kinds of approaches were introduced in order to improve the technique to overcome the limitations of conventional strategies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A suitable combination of diverse technologies from various different fields can act synergistically to increase throughput and enhance the efficiency of PD technology for the determination of targets for small-molecule therapeutics. The most suitable method for successful target identification of small-molecules of interest using PD technology can often be determined by referring to past examples.
authors: Tokyo University of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Biological Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan  +81 4 7124 1501 ext. 3409 ;  +81 4 7123 9767 ;  tkksg@rs.noda.tus.ac.jp ;  kengo@rs.noda.tus.ac.jp.
authors: Yoichi
authors: Y
authors: Takakusagi
authors: Kaori
authors: K
authors: Takakusagi
authors: Fumio
authors: F
authors: Sugawara
authors: Kengo
authors: K
authors: Sakaguchi