title: Quantifying changes in corneal neovascularization using fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify changes in corneal neovascularization in patients with active keratitis after treatment using color imaging, fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve consecutive patients were studied. A comparison of corneal neovascularization parameters was undertaken before and after resolution of the keratitis. A slit-lamp digital camera acquired images of the neovascularization using color imaging, FA, and ICGA. The best-quality images were selected using a grading system, and the neovascular regions of interest were analyzed using automated in-house software. The parameters of analysis were vessel area, diameter, tortuosity, and FA dye leakage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant reduction in the area of neovascularization after treatment on color imaging (0.78 mm(2); P < .05), FA (2.33 mm(2); P < .01), and ICGA (2.07 mm(2); P < .01). There was also a significant reduction in mean vessel diameter across the region of interest for each patient, more marked on FA (42.74 to 32.52 μm; P < .01) and ICGA (44.77 to 33.29 μm; P < .01) than on color imaging (29.10 to 25.17 μm; P < .01). A significant change in vessel tortuosity was not observed. There was a significant increase in FA dye leakage time (12.41 seconds; P < .05) after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate application of an objective method for analyzing changes in corneal neovascularization. The excellent vessel delineation with ICGA even in the presence of stromal scars makes it an ideal agent for measurement of vessel parameters. FA is useful at detecting vessel leakage, and the time to leakage provides a possible measure of vessel staging.
authors: St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom. ruaidhri.kirwan@alumni.ucd.ie
authors: Ruaidhrí P
authors: RP
authors: Kirwan
authors: Yalin
authors: Y
authors: Zheng
authors: Adrian
authors: A
authors: Tey
authors: Deepa
authors: D
authors: Anijeet
authors: Henri
authors: H
authors: Sueke
authors: Stephen B
authors: SB
authors: Kaye
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003315:Cornea / Q000098:blood supply; D016510:Corneal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D016849:Keratitis, Herpetic / Q000209:etiology; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green