title: Self-reported impact on daily life activities related to temporomandibular disorders, headaches, and neck-shoulder pain among women in a Sami population living in Northern Sweden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the influence of frequency, intensity, and duration of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), headaches, and neckshoulder pain (NSP) on Sami women's daily life. A further aim was to analyze the relationship between these symptoms and age.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 751 Sami women 21 to 70 years old registered in either the Swedish Sami Parliament's electoral register or registered as reindeer owners or herders and living north of the Arctic Circle in Sweden were sent a questionnaire regarding TMD symptoms, NSP, and headaches. In total, 487 women (65%) participated. The questionnaire focused on symptom frequency, duration, and intensity and whether these symptoms influenced activities of daily life. The symptom's interference with daily life activities was measured, respectively, with a numerical rating scale (NRS). The statistical analyses included multiple logistic regression analysis and Chi-square test. A P value < .05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen percent of the women reported that symptoms in the jaw-face region to some degree disturbed their daily life, and for 6%, the interference was significant (≥ 5 on NRS). Duration of jaw pain, troublesome impaired jaw opening, and neck pain, together with a low education level, affected reports of whether symptoms of TMD influenced daily life. Almost half of the study population reported that headaches had a negative impact on their life. A similar pattern was reported for NSP. The prevalence of frequent and troublesome symptoms of TMD and headaches, but not NSP, showed a declining trend with age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TMD symptoms, headaches, and NSP negatively influence many Sami women's daily life. Factors related to pain had the greatest influence when these Sami women rated the related impairment.
authors: Department of Odontology, University of Umea, Umea, Sweden. christina.storm.mienna@odont.umu.se
authors: Christina Storm
authors: CS
authors: Mienna
authors: Anders
authors: A
authors: Wanman
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001110:Arctic Regions; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D057566:Self Report; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000523:psychology; D013548:Sweden; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult