title: The emergence of untrained mands and tacts in children with autism.
abstract: Despite Skinner's (1957) assertion that verbal operants are initially functionally independent, recent studies have suggested that in some cases the acquisition of one verbal operant (e.g., mand) gives rise to the other (e.g., tact) without explicit training. The present study aimed to evaluate the functional independence of mands and tacts during instruction with children with autism. Four boys with autism (3 to 6 years old) were taught to construct two 4-piece structures. Two participants were taught directly to mand, whereas the other 2 were taught to tact the names of the pieces. The effects of training were evaluated in a multiple probe design across verbal operants and tasks. Three of the 4 participants demonstrated an immediate transfer of control from 1 verbal operant to the other. These results were consistent with previous research with typically developing young children.
authors: New England Center for Children and Northeastern University, USA.
authors: Heather E
authors: HE
authors: Finn
authors: Caio F
authors: CF
authors: Miguel
authors: William H
authors: WH
authors: Ahearn
mesh_terms: D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000502:physiology; D004495:Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D014163:Transfer, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology