title: Treatment of pythiosis in equine limbs using intravenous regional perfusion of amphotericin B.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of intravenous regional limb perfusion (IRLP) administration of amphotericin B in horses to treat pythiosis after surgical excision and thermocautery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses (n = 12) with Pythium insidiosum infection of the distal aspect of the thoracic or pelvic limbs.
  
  
  METHODS
  After surgical excision of granulation tissue and thermocautery, 50 mg amphotericin B was administered by IRLP through a catheter placed in a superficial vein of the affected limb next to the lesion after placing a tourniquet above the injection site. The lesions and locomotor system were evaluated before treatment and at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 60 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-two percent of horses treated with amphotericin B had complete lesion resolution 35 or 60 days after 1 or 2 IRLP treatments, respectively. IRLP induced limb edema and pain during regional palpation in 42%, and inflammation of the injection site in 33% of horses; however these signs resolved after 14 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IRLP administration of amphotericin B was effective for treating pythiosis in equine limbs, resolving infection with manageable side effects.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. redoria@usp.br
authors: Renata G S
authors: RG
authors: Dória
authors: Silvio H
authors: SH
authors: Freitas
authors: Renata L
authors: RL
authors: Linardi
authors: Fábio de Souza
authors: Fde S
authors: Mendonça
authors: Laura P
authors: LP
authors: Arruda
authors: Fabiana M
authors: FM
authors: Boabaid
authors: Carlos A A
authors: CA
authors: Valadão
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006736:Horses; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D058968:Pythiosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D011775:Pythium / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B