title: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and D2 and non-clinical psychotic experiences in childhood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Non-clinical psychotic experiences are common and distressing. It has been hypothesized that early life vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for psychosis-related outcomes, but it is not known if circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) during childhood are associated with psychosis-related outcomes or whether the two different forms of 25(OH)D, (25(OH)D(3) and 25(OH)D(2), have similar associations with psychosis-related outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the association between serum 25(OH)D(3) and 25(OH)D(2) concentrations and psychotic experiences in a prospective birth cohort study. Serum 25(OH)D(3) and 25(OH)D(2) concentrations were measured at mean age 9.8 years and psychotic experiences assessed at mean age 12.8 years by a psychologist (N = 3182).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher 25(OH)D(3) concentrations were associated with lower risk of definite psychotic experiences (adjusted odds ratio: OR (95% confidence interval: CI) 0.85 (0.75-0.95)). Higher concentrations of 25(OH)D(2) were associated with higher risk of suspected and definite psychotic experiences (adjusted odds ratio: OR (95% confidence interval: CI) 1.26 (1.11, 1.43)). Higher 25(OD)D(2) concentrations were also weakly associated with definite psychotic experiences (adjusted OR (95% CI) 1.17 (0.96, 1.43), though with wide confidence intervals including the null value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings of an inverse association of 25(OH)D(3) with definite psychotic experiences is consistent with the hypothesis that vitamin D may protect against psychosis-related outcomes.
authors: MRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
authors: Anna-Maija
authors: AM
authors: Tolppanen
authors: Adrian
authors: A
authors: Sayers
authors: William D
authors: WD
authors: Fraser
authors: Glyn
authors: G
authors: Lewis
authors: Stanley
authors: S
authors: Zammit
authors: John
authors: J
authors: McGrath
authors: Debbie A
authors: DA
authors: Lawlor
mesh_terms: D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2 / Q000097:blood*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015652:25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; D002112:Calcifediol