title: Sodium alginate from Sargassum wightii retards mortalities in Penaeus monodon postlarvae challenged with white spot syndrome virus.
abstract: Sodium alginate extracted from brown seaweed Sargassum wightii (16.35 ± 1.42%, mean [±SD] yield from 5 extractions) was prepared as a powder or beads and used to enrich Artemia nauplii at concentrations of 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg l-1. The alginate-enriched nauplii were fed to Penaeus monodon shrimp postlarvae (PL) stage 15 (PL15, i.e. 15 d old) for 20 d. Mean weight gain and specific growth rate over this period were 0.24 g and 15.8%, respectively, in PL groups not fed alginate, and 0.20-0.28 g and 14.7-16.5%, respectively, in PL groups fed alginate. Amongst PL35 then challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) by immersion, all PL not fed alginate died within 9 d. However, amongst PL fed the 4 concentrations of alginate powder or beads, mortality rates reduced with increasing alginate concentration, and between 25 and 32% PL remained alive when the bioassay was terminated on Day 21. Amongst alginate-fed PL groups compared with the control group, mortality was reduced by 26.5 to 58.4%. Nested PCR detection of WSSV revealed sodium alginate concentration-dependent reductions in infection loads. The data indicate that sodium alginate extracted from brown seaweed and fed to P. monodon can retard progression of WSSV disease.
authors: Marine Biotechnology Division, Centre for Marine Science and Technology Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Rajakkamangalam-629502, Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India. gimmas@gmail.com
authors: Grasian
authors: G
authors: Immanuel
authors: Madasasmy
authors: M
authors: Sivagnanavelmurugan
authors: Varatharajan
authors: V
authors: Balasubramanian
authors: Arunachalam
authors: A
authors: Palavesam
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology*; D044647:Sargassum / Q000737:chemistry*; D046848:White spot syndrome virus 1 / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid