title: Advances in polymeric and inorganic vectors for nonviral nucleic acid delivery.
abstract: Nonviral systems for nucleic acid delivery offer a host of potential advantages compared with viruses, including reduced toxicity and immunogenicity, increased ease of production and less stringent vector size limitations, but remain far less efficient than their viral counterparts. In this article we review recent advances in the delivery of nucleic acids using polymeric and inorganic vectors. We discuss the wide range of materials being designed and evaluated for these purposes while considering the physical requirements and barriers to entry that these agents face and reviewing recent novel approaches towards improving delivery with respect to each of these barriers. Furthermore, we provide a brief overview of past and ongoing nonviral gene therapy clinical trials. We conclude with a discussion of multifunctional nucleic acid carriers and future directions.
authors: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 400 N. Broadway, Smith Building 5017, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
authors: Joel C
authors: JC
authors: Sunshine
authors: Corey J
authors: CJ
authors: Bishop
authors: Jordan J
authors: JJ
authors: Green
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007287:Inorganic Chemicals; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011108:Polymers