title: Hydroxy decenoic acid down regulates gtfB and gtfC expression and prevents Streptococcus mutans adherence to the cell surfaces.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid is the most active and unique component to the royal jelly that has antimicrobial properties. Streptococcus mutans is associated with pathogenesis of oral cavity, gingivoperiodontal diseases and bacteremia following dental manipulations. In the oral cavity, S. mutans colonize the soft tissues including tongue, palate, and buccal mucosa. When considering the role of supragingival dental plaque in caries, the proportion of acid producing bacteria (particularly S. mutans), has direct relevance to the pathogenicity of the plaque. The genes that encode glucosyltransferases (gtfs) especially gtfB and gtfC are important in S. mutans colonization and pathogenesis. This study investigated the hydroxy-decenoic acid (HDA) effects on gtfB and gtfC expression and S. mutans adherence to cells surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Streptococcus mutans was treated by different concentrations of HPLC purified HDA supplied by Iran Beekeeping and Veterinary Association. Real time RT-PCR and western blot assays were conducted to evaluate gtfB and gtfC genes transcription and translation before and after HDA treatment. The bacterial attachment to the cell surfaces was evaluated microscopically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  500 μg ml-1 of HDA inhibited gtfB and gtfC mRNA transcription and its expression. The same concentration of HDA decreased 60% the adherence of S. mutans to the surface of P19 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydroxy-decenoic acid prevents gtfB and gtfC expression efficiently in the bactericide sub-concentrations and it could effectively reduce S. mutans adherence to the cell surfaces. In the future, therapeutic approaches to affecting S. mutans could be selective and it's not necessary to put down the oral flora completely.
authors: School of Advanced Medical Technologies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
authors: Behnam
authors: B
authors: Yousefi
authors: Shahrooz
authors: S
authors: Ghaderi
authors: Alireza
authors: A
authors: Rezapoor-Lactooyi
authors: Niusha
authors: N
authors: Amiri
authors: Javad
authors: J
authors: Verdi
authors: Alireza
authors: A
authors: Shoae-Hassani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; C055543:10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; D005964:Glucosyltransferases