title: The calcium-sensing receptor: a novel Alzheimer's disease crucial target?
abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common human neurodegenerative ailment, the most prevalent (>95%) late-onset type of which has a still uncertain etiology. The progressive decline of cognitive functions, dementia, and physical disabilities of AD is caused by synaptic losses that progressively disconnect key neuronal networks in crucial brain areas, like the hippocampus and temporoparietal cortex, and critically impair language, sensory processing, memory, and conscious thought. AD's two main hallmarks are fibrillar amyloid-β (fAβ) plaques in extracellular spaces and intracellular accumulation of fAβ peptides and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). It is still undecided whether either or both these AD hallmarks cause or result from the disease. Recently, the dysregulation of calcium homeostasis has been advanced as a novel cause of AD. In this case, a suitable candidate of AD driver would be the Aβ peptides-binding/activated calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), whose intracellular signalling is triggered by Aβ peptides. In this review, we briefly discuss CaSR's roles in normal adult human astrocytes (NAHAs) and their possible impacts on AD.
authors: Histology and Embryology Unit, Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona Medical School, Verona, Venetia, Italy. uarmato@gmail.com
authors: Ubaldo
authors: U
authors: Armato
authors: Clara
authors: C
authors: Bonafini
authors: Balu
authors: B
authors: Chakravarthy
authors: Raffaella
authors: R
authors: Pacchiana
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Chiarini
authors: James F
authors: JF
authors: Whitfield
authors: Ilaria
authors: I
authors: Dal Prà
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016874:Neurofibrillary Tangles / Q000473:pathology; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing