title: Targeted interception of signaling reactive oxygen species in the vascular endothelium.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated as injurious and as signaling agents in human maladies including inflammation, hyperoxia, ischemia-reperfusion and acute lung injury. ROS produced by the endothelium play an important role in vascular pathology. They quench, for example, nitric oxide, and mediate pro-inflammatory signaling. Antioxidant interventions targeted for the vascular endothelium may help to control these mechanisms. Animal studies have demonstrated superiority of targeting ROS-quenching enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase to endothelial cells over nontargeted formulations. A diverse arsenal of targeted antioxidant formulations devised in the last decade shows promising results for specific quenching of endothelial ROS. In addition to alleviation of toxic effects of excessive ROS, these targeted interventions suppress pro-inflammatory mechanisms, including endothelial cytokine activation and barrier disruption. These interventions may prove useful in experimental biomedicine and, perhaps, in translational medicine.
authors: Institute for Translational Medicine & Therapeutics & Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, TRC 10-125, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Bldg 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158, USA.
authors: Jingyan
authors: J
authors: Han
authors: Vladimir V
authors: VV
authors: Shuvaev
authors: Vladimir R
authors: VR
authors: Muzykantov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004337:Drug Carriers; D015195:Drug Design; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species