title: Birth outcomes of cases with left-sided obstructive defects of the heart in the function of maternal socio-demographic factors: a population-based case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the birth outcomes and maternal variables of cases with different types of left-sided obstructive defects (LSOD) of the heart.
  
  
  METHODS
  Live-born infants were selected from the population-based large dataset of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities, and 302 cases with LSOD, 469 matched controls and 38,151 all controls without any defect, and 20,750 malformed controls with other isolated defects were compared. The diagnosis of LSOD was based on autopsy report or the documents of surgical intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four types of LSOD were differentiated: 56 cases with valvular aortic stenosis (VAS), 76 cases with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), 113 cases with coarctation of the aorta (COA) and 57 cases with other congenital abnormalities of aorta (OCA). Cases with LSOD had male excess (64.6%) with a higher rate of preterm birth (14.2 vs. 6.6%) and low birthweight (15.6 vs. 4.3%) compared to matched controls. The high rate of preterm birth was particularly characteristic for HLHS (17.1%) while intrauterine fetal growth restriction was found in cases OCA (22.8%) and COA (13.3%). The mothers of cases with LSOD had higher birth order and lower socio-economic status than controls without any defect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The general pattern of birth outcomes and maternal variables were similar in the types of LSOD cases, but the higher rate of preterm birth and low birthweight indicated some association with their adverse fetal development.
authors: Versys Clinics, Human Reproduction Institute, Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Attila
authors: A
authors: Vereczkey
authors: Zsolt
authors: Z
authors: Kósa
authors: Melinda
authors: M
authors: Csáky-Szunyogh
authors: Róbert
authors: R
authors: Urbán
authors: Andrew E
authors: AE
authors: Czeizel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001722:Birth Order; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011153:Population; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult