title: Protective effects of dietary EPA and DHA on ischemia-reperfusion-induced intestinal stress.
abstract: The immunoregulatory effects of dietary omega-3 fatty acids are still not fully characterized. The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake limits intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. To test this, rats were fed either control or EPA/DHA supplemented diet for 3 weeks following which they underwent either a sham or an IR surgical protocol. A significant reduction in mucosal damage was observed after EPA/DHA supplemented diet as reflected by maintenance of total protein content. To address the underlying mechanisms of protection, we measured parameters of oxidative stress, intestinal and serological cytokines and intestinal eicosanoids. Interestingly, EPA/DHA fed animals displayed a higher activity of oxidative stress enzyme machinery, i.e., superoxide dismutase and catalase in addition to a reduction in total nitrate/nitrite content. While no changes in cytokines were observed, eicosanoid analyses of intestinal tissue revealed an increase in metabolites of the 12-lipoxygenase pathway following IR. Further, IR in EPA/DHA fed animals was accompanied by a significant increase of 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 8-Iso prostaglandin F(3α) and thromboxane B(3), by more than 12-, 6-, 3-fold, respectively. Thus, the data indicate that EPA/DHA supplementation may be able to reduce early intestinal IR injury by anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
authors: Nestlé Research Center, Department of Nutrition and Health, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland.
authors: Viral
authors: V
authors: Brahmbhatt
authors: Manuel
authors: M
authors: Oliveira
authors: Muriel
authors: M
authors: Briand
authors: Geneviève
authors: G
authors: Perrisseau
authors: Viktoria
authors: V
authors: Bastic Schmid
authors: Frédéric
authors: F
authors: Destaillats
authors: Cecil
authors: C
authors: Pace-Asciak
authors: Jalil
authors: J
authors: Benyacoub
authors: Nabil
authors: N
authors: Bosco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000601:surgery; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013931:Thromboxanes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D016207:Cytokines; D015777:Eicosanoids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013931:Thromboxanes; C070378:17,18-epoxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D002374:Catalase; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C039158:thromboxane B3