title: Expression of eotaxins in the material from nasal brushing in asthma, allergic rhinitis and COPD patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma and COPD are non-infectious inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Allergic rhinitis can be assumed as an intermediate condition between healthy and asthmatic state. Eotaxins are important indicators of allergic reaction. They are strong chemoattractants mainly for eosinophils but also for other cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We measured the level of eotaxin expression and inflammatory cell count in the material from nasal brushing in healthy controls and in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and COPD. We studied the correlation between the eotaxin gene expression level in the material from nasal brushing and respiratory tests in asthma and COPD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of eotaxins was measured using quantitative RT-PCR. Number of eotaxin transcript copies was evaluated using real time PCR standard curve method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all eotaxins CCL24 had the highest expression in the material from nasal brushing, and its level was increased in allergic asthma. CCL11 was significantly increased in the material from nasal brushing of COPD patients. Increased levels of all three eotaxins were observed in the material from nasal brushing of patients with allergic rhinitis in season. The levels of CCL26 expression and FEV1/FVC factor were correlated negatively in the asthma group and positively in the COPD group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eotaxins are crucial factors of allergic, asthmatic and also COPD inflammatory reactions. Our results suggest a dual role of CCL26 - it can act as a negative regulator for neutrophils in COPD, while in asthma it may act as a chemoatractant of eosinophils and other cells into the lung.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Pneumonology and Allergology Medical University of Warsaw, Poland. mpaplinska@wum.edu.pl
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Paplińska
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Hermanowicz-Salamon
authors: Patrycja
authors: P
authors: Nejman-Gryz
authors: Katarzyna
authors: K
authors: Białek-Gosk
authors: Renata
authors: R
authors: Rubinsztajn
authors: Magdalena
authors: M
authors: Arcimowicz
authors: Grzegorz
authors: G
authors: Placha
authors: Jarosław
authors: J
authors: Góra
authors: Ryszarda
authors: R
authors: Chazan
authors: Hanna
authors: H
authors: Grubek-Jaworska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054413:Chemokine CCL11 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054423:Chemokine CCL24 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000075906:Chemokine CCL26; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C515456:CCL11 protein, human; C515484:CCL24 protein, human; C120429:CCL26 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D054423:Chemokine CCL24; D000075906:Chemokine CCL26; D018925:Chemokines; D019742:Chemokines, CC