title: Risedronate-associated scleritis: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: This paper presents the first reported case of risedronate-associated scleritis and conducts a review of bisphosphonates and inflammatory eye diseases. A case of scleritis associated with risedronate use in a 73-year-old Chinese woman is reported. The English medical literature was reviewed for bisphosphonates and their association with inflammatory eye diseases. Cases of ocular inflammation in patients taking bisphosphonates have been reported since the early 1990s. Reported cases include both nitrogen- and non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates and with both intravenous and oral use. We report the first case of risedronate-induced scleritis. The case involves a 73-year-old woman who developed scleritis following exposure to risedronate in 2007 with recurrence of scleritis upon risedronate exposure again in 2009. Discontinuation of risedronate and treatment with intravenous and topical corticosteroids resulted in both clinical and radiological improvements within 24 h. Applying Naranjo's adverse drug reaction probability scale, a causality assessment was made which categorized this reaction as definite with a score of 9. In our case, there was a strong causal relationship between the use of risedronate and scleritis. Although rare, ocular adverse effects of bisphosphonates may be serious and should be made known to prescribing physicians. This is important in the practice of rheumatology as many of the patients are prescribed this class of medication for either prevention or treatment of osteoporosis. Moreover, ocular inflammation can be a sign of systemic disease, and such patients may be referred to a rheumatologist.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 202-1160 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 2E8.
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hemmati
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wade
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kelsall
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002681:China; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects; D012968:Etidronic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012008:Recurrence; D012219:Rheumatology / Q000379:methods; D000068296:Risedronic Acid; D015423:Scleritis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000208:ethnology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D004164:Diphosphonates; D000068296:Risedronic Acid; D012968:Etidronic Acid