title: Risk and protective factors of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm babies in Wuhan, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to identify prenatal and perinatal risk and protective factors for the development of IVH, using a retrospective and case-control clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prenatal and perinatal data were collected from three NICUs between January 2010 and December 2010. Univariate analysis was performed between case and control groups, and multivariate analysis was done to find out risk and protective factors for development of IVH. Further analysis of these variables was undertaken for gestational age strata <30, 30-34, and 35-37 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By univariate analysis, factors related with IVH were C-section, prenatal steroid, pregnancy-induced hypertension, transport from other hospital, hypothermia, Apgar score at 1 and 5 min < 4, luminal, pathological jaundice, RDS, hypotension, volume expansion/inotropics, PO(2), repeat suctioning, and mechanical ventilation (P < 0.05). Five variables remained significant in multivariate analysis. C-section and prenatal steroid use were protective variables while mechanical ventilation, hypotension, and transport from other hospital were risk factors. Further analysis of these variables was undertaken for gestational age strata <30, 30-34, and 35-37 weeks. Prenatal steroid use remained significant as a protective variable in gestational age less than 35 weeks; hypotension was shown to be a risk factor just in the time period between 30-34 weeks; transport from other hospital was a risk factor in gestational age more than 30 weeks; mechanical ventilation remained non-significant during the gestational age strata studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, factors that related to neonatal IVH included hypotension, prenatal steroid use, and transportation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.forename: Hanchu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shiwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Liwen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001034:Apgar Score; D001724:Birth Weight; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles; D002585:Cesarean Section; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004326:Drinking; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D009099:Multiple Birth Offspring / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013256:Steroids / Q000009:adverse effects; D014187:Transportation of Patients; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids