title: Calcium metabolism and correcting calcium deficiencies.
abstract: Calcium is the most abundant cation in the human body, of which approximately 99% occurs in bone, contributing to its rigidity and strength. Bone also functions as a reservoir of Ca for its role in multiple physiologic and biochemical processes. This article aims to provide a thorough understanding of the absorptive mechanisms and factors affecting these processes to enable one to better appreciate an individual's Ca needs, and to provide a rationale for correcting Ca deficiencies. An overview of Ca requirements and suggested dosing regimens is presented, with discussion of various Ca preparations and potential toxicities of Ca treatment.
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania Regional Center for Arthritis & Osteoporosis Research, 1200 Broadcasting Road, Suite 200, Wyomissing, PA 19610, USA. bonedocron@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ronald D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Emkey
authors.forename: Gregory R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Emkey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C422827:TRPV6 protein, human; D014807:Vitamin D; D002118:Calcium