title: Effect of epidural magnesium on the incidence of chronic postoperative pain after video-assisted thoracic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether the epidural administration of magnesium during the perioperative period decreased the incidence of chronic postoperative pain (CPOP) at 3 months after video-assisted thoracic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, and blinded.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before the induction of anesthesia, the patients were assigned randomly to receive normal saline, 5 mL, (group C, n = 72) or magnesium sulfate, 100 mg (group M, n = 72), epidurally. At the end of surgery, group C received a continuous infusion of a mixture of 0.2% ropivacaine, 226 mL, and fentanyl, 1,200 μg, through a patient-controlled epidural analgesia pump for 48 hours. In group M, magnesium sulfate, 500 mg, was added to the infusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence and severity of CPOP were assessed by a telephone survey 3 months after surgery. Patients were asked whether they experienced pain and to rank the severity of the pain using a 3-point scale (1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, severe). The incidences of CPOP were 42.4% in group C and 49.1% in group M. The severities of pain in the patients with CPOP were 1.0 (1-2) in group C and 1.0 (1-2) in group M. The incidence and severity of CPOP did not differ between the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The epidural administration of magnesium from before the induction of anesthesia to 48 hours postoperatively did not decrease significantly the incidence or severity of CPOP in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Woo-Dae
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Seong-Yeup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jeong-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: Seong-Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won-Seok
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Hee-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate