title: Evaluation of heterogeneous metabolic profile in an orthotopic human glioblastoma xenograft model using compressed sensing hyperpolarized 3D 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.
abstract: High resolution compressed sensing hyperpolarized (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging was applied in orthotopic human glioblastoma xenografts for quantitative assessment of spatial variations in (13)C metabolic profiles and comparison with histopathology. A new compressed sensing sampling design with a factor of 3.72 acceleration was implemented to enable a factor of 4 increase in spatial resolution. Compressed sensing 3D (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging data were acquired from a phantom and 10 tumor-bearing rats following injection of hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]-pyruvate using a 3T scanner. The (13)C metabolic profiles were compared with hematoxylin and eosin staining and carbonic anhydrase 9 staining. The high-resolution compressed sensing (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging data enabled the differentiation of distinct (13)C metabolite patterns within abnormal tissues with high specificity in similar scan times compared to the fully sampled method. The results from pathology confirmed the different characteristics of (13)C metabolic profiles between viable, non-necrotic, nonhypoxic tumor, and necrotic, hypoxic tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Surbeck Laboratory of Advanced Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA. Ilwoo.Park@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Ilwoo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bok
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: Motokazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Joydeep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Joanna J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: C David
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Russell O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Pieper
authors.forename: Sabrina M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ronen
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Vigneron
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D044962:Data Compression / Q000379:methods*; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011923:Rats, Nude; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins