title: Oral transmucosal delivery of domperidone from immediate release films produced via hot-melt extrusion technology.
abstract: The objective of the study was to prepare and characterize the domperidone (DOM) hot-melt extruded (HME) buccal films by both in vitro and in vivo techniques. The HME film formulations contained PEO N10 and/or its combination with HPMC E5 LV or Eudragit RL100 as polymeric carriers, and PEG3350 as a plasticizer. The blends were co-processed at a screw speed of 50 rpm with the barrel temperatures ranging from 120-160°C utilizing a bench top co-rotating twin-screw hot-melt extruder using a transverse-slit die. The HME films were evaluated for drug content, drug excipient interaction, in vitro drug release, mechanical properties, in vivo residence time, in vitro bioadhesion, swelling and erosion, ex vivo permeation from HME films and the selected optimal formulation was subjected for bioavailability studies in healthy human volunteers. The extruded films demonstrated no drug excipient interaction and excellent content uniformity. The selected HME film formulation (DOM2) exhibited a tensile strength (0.72 Kg/mm(2)), elongation at break (28.4% mm(2)), in vivo residence time (120 min), peak detachment force (1.55 N), work of adhesion (1.49 mJ), swelling index (210.2%), erosion (10.5%) and in vitro drug release of 84.8% in 2 h. Bioavailability from the optimized HME buccal films was 1.5 times higher than the oral dosage form and the results showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference. The ex vivo-in vivo correlation was found to have biphasic pattern and followed type A correlation. The results indicate that HME is a viable technique for the preparation of DOM buccal-adhesive films with improved bioavailability characteristics.
authors.affiliation: National Facilities in Engineering and Technology with Industrial Collaboration Centre, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Chinna Reddy
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Palem
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar Battu
authors.forename: Sindhuri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maddineni
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gannu
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Repka
authors.forename: Madhusudan Rao
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Yamsani
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D004294:Domperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004304:Dosage Forms; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D013718:Tensile Strength; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D004304:Dosage Forms; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005079:Excipients; D010968:Plasticizers; D011108:Polymers; D004294:Domperidone