title: Cell-adhesive and cell-repulsive zwitterionic oligopeptides for micropatterning and rapid electrochemical detachment of cells.
abstract: In this study, we describe the development of oligopeptide-modified cell culture surfaces from which adherent cells can be rapidly detached by application of an electrical stimulus. An oligopeptide, CGGGKEKEKEK, was designed with a terminal cysteine residue to mediate binding to a gold surface via a gold-thiolate bond. The peptide forms a self-assembled monolayer through the electrostatic force between the sequence of alternating charged glutamic acid (E) and lysine (K) residues. The dense and electrically neutral oligopeptide zwitterionic layer of the modified surface was resistant to nonspecific adsorption of proteins and adhesion of cells, while the surface was altered to cell adhesive by the addition of a second oligopeptide (CGGGKEKEKEKGRGDSP) containing the RGD cell adhesion motif. Application of a negative electrical potential to this gold surface cleaved the gold-thiolate bond, leading to desorption of the oligopeptide layer, and rapid (within 2 min) detachment of virtually all cells. This approach was applicable not only to detachment of cell sheets but also for transfer of cell micropatterns to a hydrogel. This electrochemical approach of cell detachment may be a useful tool for tissue-engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakegawa
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Nasser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sadr
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D051379:Mice; D054802:Molecular Imprinting / Q000379:methods*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D009842:Oligopeptides; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid