title: jacaric acid, a linolenic acid isomer with a conjugated triene system, reduces stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in liver of mice.
abstract: Conjugated fatty acid is a collective term used for fatty acids with conjugated double bond systems. Seed oils from certain plants include conjugated linolenic acids, which have a conjugated triene system and are geometrical and positional isomers of α-linolenic acid. One of these isomers, jacaric acid (JA, 8c, 10t, 12c-18:3), has not been examined widely. Therefore, we investigated the absorption and metabolism of JA in normal animals (ICR mice). An oral dose of JA of 5 mg/day for 1 week had no effects on body weight, food intake and tissue weight of mice. JA was detected in the serum, kidney, liver, lung and epididymal white adipose tissue. Analysis of the fatty acid composition in liver and white adipose tissue showed a tendency to increase levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) such as palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0) and to decrease levels of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) such as palmitoleic acid (16:1) and oleic acid (18:1). Thus, JA treatment decreased the desaturation index (16:1/16:0, 18:1/18:0) in liver and white adipose tissue. This index is used as an indicator of the activity of stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase (SCD), an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of MUFAs from SFAs. The change in this index indicates that JA inhibited SCD activity in ICR mice, and further experiments showed that JA also decreased the expression level of SCD-1 mRNA. Inhibition of SCD activity may have anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects, and therefore the findings in this study suggest that JA may be effective for preventing obesity and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food and Biomolecular Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori amamiyamachi, Aobaku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Nahoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuduki
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kijima
authors.forename: Soko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikezaki
authors.forename: Marino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D007536:Isomerism; D008042:Linolenic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008042:Linolenic Acids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; C579118:jacaric acid; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase