title: [Systemic therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma].
abstract: A better understanding of molecular biological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis or, respectively, prognosis of renal cell carcinoma has recently led to a fundamental change in those therapeutic options that are especially effective after systemic disemination. In this context, cytokine-based therapeutic concepts have been replaced by the so-called targeted therapeutic agents that include, above all, tyrosine kinase (TK) and mTOR inhibitors. The present contribution is intended to reflect the current state of the art in the systemic therapy for renal cell carcinoma in first- and second-line use. In addition, the increasing relevance of sequential therapy under consideration of possible side effects is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Urologie und Urologische Onkologie Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steffens
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: von Klot
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Merseburger
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kuczyk
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015996:Survival Rate; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases