title: Molar incisor hypomineralisation: possible aetiological factors in children from urban and rural areas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse factors potentially associated with molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) development. METH¬ODS: A population-based study was carried out with 903 children aged from 6-12 years old, born and residing in rural and urban areas of the town of Botelhos, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Their mothers completed a structured medical history questionnaire, from pregnancy to the child's 3rd year of life. Two examiners evaluated children for MIH according to criteria suggested by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. Descriptive analyses of the data and odds ratios (OR) with 95% test-based confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the differences between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of MIH in children from rural area (RA) was significantly higher than those from the urban area (UA) (24.9% versus 17.8%, p= 0.01). In urban children, neither significant associations with MIH nor medical problems were found. In rural children, however, MIH was significantly more common among those whose mothers had experienced medical problems during pregnancy (OR=2.11; 1.01-4.37 CI 95%; p=0.04), who had throat infections (OR=2.93; 1.47-5.87 CI 95%; p=0.01), who had high fever (OR=1.91; 1.07-3.39 CI 95%; p=0.02), and who had used amoxicillin associated with other antibiotics (OR=1.92; 1.02-3.62 CI 95%; p=0.04) during the first 3 years of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a link between MIH and health problems during pregnancy, as well as environmental factors.
authors.affiliation: Univ Estadual Paulista, Rua Humaitá, Araraquara, SP Brazil.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Costa-Silva
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jeremias
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santos-Pinto
authors.forename: A C C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Zuanon
authors.forename: R C L
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012423:Rural Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin