title: Cardioprotective effects of a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction from Croton celtidifolius Baill: focus on atherosclerosis.
abstract: Proanthocyanidins are the most abundant polyphenols in human diets. Epidemiological studies have pointed to proanthocyanidins as promising molecules that could prevent the development of several coronary syndromes by inhibiting the atherogenic process. The present study was designed to investigate the antiatherogenic effects of a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction (PRF) obtained from Croton celtidifolius Baill (Euphorbiaceae) barks. In isolated human LDL, PRF caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of Cu2+-induced oxidative modifications, evidenced by the increasing of the lag phase of lipid peroxidation and decreasing in the oxidation rate (Vmax), moreover, the protein moieties from LDL were protected against Cu2+-induced oxidation. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), PRF reduced the ROS production stimulated by oxidized LDL. Herein, we demonstrate that oral treatment with PRF improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in hypercholesterolemic LDL receptor knockout mice (LDLr-/-), however, the fraction did not modify plasma lipids and atherosclerotic lesion size in this experimental model. Finally, our results showed for the first time that PRF prevent isolated LDL oxidation, decrease oxidative stress in endothelial cells and improve endothelial function in mice.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil. marianaappel@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mariana Appel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hort
authors.forename: Marcos Raniel
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Straliotto
authors.forename: Mariana Silveira
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Duz
authors.forename: Paula Moro
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: Christiane Borges
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Tamirys
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Heros
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horst
authors.forename: Moacir Geraldo
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pizzolatti
authors.forename: Andreza Fabro
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: de Bem
authors.forename: Rosa Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ribeiro-do-Valle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029802:Croton / Q000737:chemistry*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D003300:Copper