title: Perioperative hypertension: defining at-risk patients and their management.
abstract: Hypertension is an extremely pervasive condition that affects a large percentage of the world population. Although guidelines exist for the treatment of the patient with elevated blood pressure, there remains a paucity of literature and accepted guidelines for the perioperative evaluation and care of the patient with hypertension who undergoes either cardiac or noncardiac surgery. Of particular importance is defining the patients most vulnerable to complications and the indications for immediate and rapid antihypertensive treatment and/or cancellation of surgery to reduce these risks in each of the three perioperative settings: preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative. This review also examines the parenteral antihypertensive medications most commonly administered in the perioperative setting.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. susan_lien@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Susan F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bisognano
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D059035:Perioperative Period; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D014665:Vasodilator Agents