title: Lysosomal dysfunction in Parkinson disease: ATP13A2 gets into the groove.
abstract: Mutations in ATP13A2 (PARK9) cause an autosomal recessive form of early-onset parkinsonism with pyramidal degeneration and dementia called Kufor-Rakeb Syndrome (KRS). The ATP13A2 gene encodes a transmembrane lysosomal P5-type ATPase (ATP13A2) whose physiological function in mammalian cells, and hence its potential role in Parkinson disease (PD), remains elusive. In this context, we have recently shown that KRS-linked mutations in ATP13A2 leads to several lysosomal alterations in ATP13A2 KRS patient-derived fibroblasts, including impaired lysosomal acidification, decreased proteolytic processing of lysosomal enzymes, reduced degradation of lysosomal substrates and diminished lysosomal-mediated clearance of autophagosomes (AP). Similar alterations are observed in stable ATP13A2-knockdown dopaminergic cell lines, which are associated with cell death. Restoration of ATP13A2 levels in ATP13A2-mutant/depleted cells is able to restore lysosomal function and attenuate cell death. Relevant to PD, we have determined that ATP13A2 levels are decreased in dopaminergic nigral neurons from sporadic PD patients. Interestingly in these patients, the main signal of ATP13A2 is detected in the Lewy bodies. Our results unravel an instrumental role of ATP13A2 in lysosomal function and in cell viability. Altogether, our results validate ATP13A2 as a likely therapeutic target against PD degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France. benjamin.dehay@u-bordeaux2.fr
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dehay
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinez-Vicente
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perier
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vila
authors.forename: Erwan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bezard
mesh_terms: D001343:Autophagy; D059290:Dopaminergic Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016631:Lewy Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C514983:ATP13A2 protein, human; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases