title: Significant effect of a pre-exercise high-fat meal after a 3-day high-carbohydrate diet on endurance performance.
abstract: We investigated the effect of macronutrient composition of pre-exercise meals on endurance performance. Subjects consumed a high-carbohydrate diet at each meal for 3 days, followed by a high-fat meal (HFM; 1007 ± 21 kcal, 30% CHO, 55% F and 15% P) or high-carbohydrate meal (HCM; 1007 ± 21 kcal, 71% CHO, 20% F and 9% P) 4 h before exercise. Furthermore, just prior to the test, subjects in the HFM group ingested either maltodextrin jelly (M) or a placebo jelly (P), while subjects in the HCM ingested a placebo jelly. Endurance performance was measured as running time until exhaustion at a speed between lactate threshold and the onset of blood lactate accumulation. All subjects participated in each trial, randomly assigned at weekly intervals. We observed that the time until exhaustion was significantly longer in the HFM + M (p < 0.05) than in HFM + P and HCM + P conditions. Furthermore, the total amount of fat oxidation during exercise was significantly higher in HFM + M and HFM + P than in HCM + P (p < 0.05). These results suggest that ingestion of a HFM prior to exercise is more favorable for endurance performance than HCM. In addition, HFM and maltodextrin ingestion following 3 days of carbohydrate loading enhances endurance running performance.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakuragi
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Menda
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Munehiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.|Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D007773:Lactates; D006003:Glycogen