title: Determination of hexaconazole in field samples of an oil palm plantation.
abstract: In oil palm plantations, the fungicide hexaconazole is used to control Ganoderma infection that threatens to destroy or compromisethe palm. The application of hexaconazole is usually through soil drenching, trunk injection, or a combination of these two methods. It is therefore important to have a method to determine the residual amount of hexaconazole in the field such as in samples of water, soil, and leaf to monitor the use and fate of the fungicide in oil palm plantations. This study on the behaviour of hexaconazole in oil palm agro-environment was carried out at the UKM-MPOB Research Station, Bangi Lama, Selangor. Three experimental plots in this estate with 7-year-old Dura x Pisifera (DxP) palms were selected for the field trial. One plot was sprayed with hexaconazole at the manufacturer's recommended dosage, one at double the recommended dosage, and the third plot was untreated control. Hexaconazole residues in the soil, leaf, and water were determined before and after fungicide treatment. Soil samples were randomly collected from three locations at different depths (0-50 cm) and soil collected fromthe same depth were bulked together. Soil, water, and palm leaf were collected at -1 (day before treatment), 0 (day of treatment), 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 70, 90, and 120 days after treatment. Hexaconazole was detected in soil and oil palm leaf, but was not detected in water from the nearby stream.
authors.affiliation: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No. 6, Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia. halimah@mpob.gov.my
authors.forename: Halimah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muhamad
authors.forename: Maznah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zainol
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sahid
authors.forename: Idris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abu Seman
mesh_terms: D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D014230:Triazoles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014230:Triazoles; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C409722:hexaconazole