title: How vitamin D works on bone.
abstract: Vitamin D is important for the normal development and maintenance of bone. The elucidation of the vitamin D activation pathway and the cloning of the vitamin D receptor have advanced our understanding of the actions of vitamin D on bone. The preponderance of evidence indicates that 1,25(OH)₂D₃ enhances bone mineralization through its effects to promote calcium and phosphate absorption. Although 1,25(OH)₂D₃ stimulates bone resorption in vitro, treatment in vivo can prevent bone loss and fracture through several potential mechanisms. The development of vitamin D analogues has provided new therapeutic options for increasing bone mineral density and reducing fractures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Paula H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010018:Osteomalacia / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012279:Rickets / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; D002117:Calcitriol