title: Analyses of enrofloxacin, furazolidone and malachite green in fish products with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
abstract: Illegal fish drugs used in aquaculture have raised serious concerns due to their negative effects on public health and environment. In this study, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was applied to analyze prohibited aquaculture drugs including enrofloxacin, furazolidone and malachite green (MG). Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression were used for spectral data analyses. For standard solutions, although no satisfied results were obtained for enrofloxacin, furazolidone and MG could be detected at 800 ng mL(-1) and 100 ng mL(-1), respectively. The R(2) of actual values vs. values predicted with PLS models for furazolidone and MG was 0.970 and 0.915, respectively. A clear segregation between furazolidone and MG was observed using PCA. Furazolidone and MG in tilapia fillets could be detected at 1 μg g(-1) and 200 ng g(-1), respectively, and their PLS models yielded R(2) of 0.922 and 0.843, respectively, showing potential for analyses of fish drugs with SERS.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Lin'gang New City, Shanghai 201306, China.
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yiqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Fuli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Yande
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Keqiang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D005396:Fish Products / Q000032:analysis*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D005664:Furazolidone / Q000032:analysis*; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000032:analysis*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D017210:Tilapia
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C005095:malachite green; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D005664:Furazolidone