title: [The establishment and application of Shanghai air quality health index].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work aimed to construct Shanghai air quality health index (SAQHI) and to grade the air quality in Shanghai.
  
  
  METHODS
  Daily average concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 micrometer (PM(10)), SO(2) and NO(2) from 2001 to 2008 in the central urban areas of Shanghai were collected from Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center. Contemporaneous data of daily average temperature and relative humidity were obtained from Shanghai Meteorological Bureau. Contemporaneous daily non-accidental mortality of registered residents in central urban areas of Shanghai were obtained from Shanghai Municipal CDC, respectively. Time-series analysis was conducted to estimate the association between air pollution and daily non-accidental mortality in the central urban areas of Shanghai. SAQHI was then established and applied to grade the air quality in Shanghai.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On average, there were 122 non-accidental daily deaths in the central urban areas of Shanghai from 2001 to 2008. The contemporaneous daily average concentrations of PM(10), SO(2) and NO(2) for the same period were (97.3 ± 59.5), (50.1 ± 27.8) and (64.7 ± 23.9) µg/m(3), respectively. Daily average temperature was (17.7 ± 8.8)°C, and daily average relative humidity was (71.4 ± 11.8)%. Based on results of time series analysis, formula for SAQHI was SAQHI = 10/17× (exp (0.000 153×PM(10))-1+exp (0.000 662×NO(2))-1)×100. Air quality in Shanghai was graded according to SAQHI values as low health risk (SAQHI: 0 ∼ 3), moderate health risk (SAQHI: 4-6), high health risk (SAQHI: 7-10) and very high health risk (SAQHI: > 10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SAQHI could be applied in grading air quality in Shanghai, and reflect the effects of the overall air quality on health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Ren-jie
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bing-heng
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hai-dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kan
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D009026:Mortality; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter