title: A novel quantitative immunomagnetic reduction assay for Nervous necrosis virus.
abstract: Rapid, sensitive, and automatic detection platforms are among the major approaches of controlling viral diseases in aquaculture. An efficient detection platform permits the monitoring of pathogen spread and helps to enhance the economic benefits of commercial aquaculture. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), the cause of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy, is among the most devastating aquaculture viruses that infect marine fish species worldwide. In the present study, a highly sensitive magnetoreduction assay was developed for detecting target biomolecules with a primary focus on NNV antigens. A standard curve of the different NNV concentrations that were isolated from infected Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) was established before experiments were conducted. The test solution was prepared by homogeneous dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles coated with rabbit anti-NNV antibody. The magnetic nanoparticles in the solution were oscillated by magnetic interaction with multiple externally applied, alternating current magnetic fields. The assay's limit of detection was approximately 2 × 10(1) TCID(50)/ml for NNV. Moreover, the immunomagnetic reduction readings for other aquatic viruses (i.e., 1 × 10(7) TCID(50)/ml for Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus and 1 × 10(6.5) TCID(50)/ml for grouper iridovirus) were below the background noise in the NNV solution, demonstrating the specificity of the new detection platform.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Electro-optical Science and Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shieh Yueh
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jen Leih
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chun Hsi
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tso
authors.forename: Fang Huar
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Ngou
authors.forename: Hsin Yiu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Fan Hua
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.forename: Herng Er
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Horng
authors.forename: Ming Wei
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001331:Automation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018189:Immunomagnetic Separation / Q000662:veterinary*; D030381:Nodaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010473:Perciformes; D011817:Rabbits; D054712:Salinity; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral