title: Cognitive dysfunction: an emerging concept of a new diabetic complication in the elderly.
abstract: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has risen, and this trend is likely to continue. Recent advances suggest that T2DM is a risk factor for cognitive decline. We are now encountering novel complications of T2DM, namely cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Although the treatment strategy for diabetic patients with neurocognitive dysfunction has received a great deal of attention, the appropriate level of glycemic control for the prevention of the development and/or progression of cognitive decline in elderly diabetic patients remains to be elucidated. Another issue in diabetic treatment in patients with cognitive dysfunction is the selection of medicines. The best choice and combination of antidiabetic medications for the preservation of cognition should also be studied. Ample studies suggest that exercise helps to preserve cognitive function, although existing evidence does not necessarily indicate its effectiveness exclusively in diabetic patients. Exercise is a helpful non-pharmacological therapy. Considering the progressive aging of the worldwide population, more research to investigate the best way to manage this population is important.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. umegaki@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Umegaki
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Madoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.forename: Zen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nonogaki
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakshima
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuzuya
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents