title: Mechanisms for redox actions of nicotine and glutathione in cell culture, relevant to periodontitis.
abstract: The oxidative effect of nicotine was investigated using androgen biomarkers of redox status and wound healing in fibroblasts; using the antioxidant glutathione for confirmation of responses. Cultures of human gingival (HGF) and periosteal fibroblasts (HPF) were incubated with substrates 14C-testosterone/14C-4-androstenedione in the presence or absence of serial concentrations of nicotine (N(100-500)), glutathione (G(1-5)) and their combinations, in medium. At 24 h the medium was solvent extracted for metabolites, separated by TLC and quantified using radioisotope scanning. Nicotine caused significant inhibition in yields of the physiologically active metabolite 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in HGF and HPF, overcome to varying degrees by the anti-oxidant glutathione (n = 6; p<0.01, one way ANOVA); this is suggestive of moderation of an oxidative mechanism induced by nicotine. Down-regulation of 5α-reductase activity by nicotine resulting in reduced yields of DHT was overcome by glutathione. Overcoming oxidative stress in a redox environment is applicable to treatment outcome.
authors.affiliation: Formerly at King's College London Dental Institute, Periodontology, Guy's Dental Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tinti
authors.forename: Mena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soory
mesh_terms: D000735:Androstenedione / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010521:Periosteum / Q000166:cytology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D000735:Androstenedione; D009538:Nicotine; D005978:Glutathione