title: C4-alkoxy-HPD: a potent class of synthetic modulators surpassing nature in AI-2 quorum sensing.
abstract: Bacteria have developed cell-to-cell communication mechanisms, termed quorum sensing (QS), that regulate bacterial gene expression in a cell population-dependent manner. Autoinducer-2 (AI-2), a class of QS signaling molecules derived from (4S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione (DPD), has been identified in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Despite considerable interest in the AI-2 QS system, the biomolecular communication used by distinct bacterial species still remains shrouded. Herein, we report the synthesis and evaluation of a new class of DPD analogues, C4-alkoxy-5-hydroxy-2,3-pentanediones, termed C4-alkoxy-HPDs. Remarkably, two of the analogues were more potent QS agonists than the natural ligand, DPD, in Vibrio harveyi. The findings presented extend insights into ligand-receptor recognition/signaling in the AI-2 mediated QS system.
authors.affiliation: The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, and Worm Institute for Research and Medicine (WIRM), The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Kyoji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuchikama
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Colin A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lowery
authors.forename: Gunnar F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: Kim D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Janda
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006801:Humans; D010420:Pentanes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000187:drug effects*; D014733:Vibrio / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: C493138:4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010420:Pentanes