title: The role of the alternative coreceptor GPR15 in SIV tropism for human cells.
abstract: Many SIV isolates can employ the orphan receptor GPR15 as coreceptor for efficient entry into transfected cell lines, but the role of endogenously expressed GPR15 in SIV cell tropism is largely unclear. Here, we show that several human B and T cell lines express GPR15 on the cell surface, including the T/B cell hybrid cell line CEMx174, and that GPR15 expression is essential for SIV infection of CEMx174 cells. In addition, GPR15 expression was detected on subsets of primary human CD4(+), CD8(+) and CD19(+) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), respectively. However, GPR15(+) PBMCs were not efficiently infected by HIV and SIV, including cells from individuals homozygous for the defective Δ32 ccr5 allele. These results suggest that GPR15 is coexpressed with CD4 on PBMCs but that infection of CD4(+), GPR15(+) cells is not responsible for the well documented ability of SIV to infect CCR5(-) blood cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiene
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marzi
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urbanczyk
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertram
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fisch
authors.forename: Inga
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nehlmeier
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gnirss
authors.forename: Christina B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Karsten
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palesch
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Münch
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiodi
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pöhlmann
authors.forename: Imke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Steffen
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D014162:Transfection; D056189:Viral Tropism / Q000502:physiology; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; C103539:GPR15 protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D011991:Receptors, Virus