title: Management of mid-season traumatic anterior shoulder instability in athletes.
abstract: Shoulder dislocation and subluxation injuries are common in young athletes and most frequently occur during the competitive season. Controversy exists regarding optimal treatment of an athlete with an in-season shoulder dislocation, and limited data are available to guide treatment. Rehabilitation may facilitate return to sport within 3 weeks, but return is complicated by a moderate risk of recurrence. Bracing may reduce the risk of recurrence, but it restricts motion and may not be tolerated in patients who must complete certain sport-specific tasks such as throwing. Surgical management of shoulder dislocation or subluxation with arthroscopic or open Bankart repair reduces the rate of recurrence; however, the athlete is unable to participate in sport for the remainder of the competitive season. When selecting a management option, the clinician must consider the natural history of shoulder instability, pathologic changes noted on examination and imaging, sport- and position-specific demands, duration of treatment, and the athlete's motivation.
authors.affiliation: John A. Feagin, Jr. Sports Medicine Fellowship, Keller Army Community Hospital, West Point, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Brett D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: Jonathan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dickens
authors.forename: Kelly G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Kilcoyne
authors.forename: John-Paul H
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rue
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001182:Arthroscopy; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D001915:Braces; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D010808:Physical Examination; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012008:Recurrence; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome