title: Cognitive deficit is related to immune-cell beta-NGF in multiple sclerosis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS), causing cognitive impairment in 45-65% of patients. Beta-NGF facilitates proper cholinergic transmission in the healthy CNS. In MS-damaged tissue there is a relative deficit of neurotrophins that might be compensated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) synthesis. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between PBMCs neurotrophins' expression and cognitive performance in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Beta-NGF, NT-3 and NT-4/5 levels were measured in sera and in PBMCs by ELISA method in 41 RRMS patients in remission. All patients underwent neuropsychological assessment with a battery of 10 tests evaluating a wide range of cognitive functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PBMCs beta-NGF concentration correlated significantly with spontaneous word list generation test (Pearson R=0.37, p=0.02) and 15-Word List Recall Test results (Pearson R=0.40, p<0.00). Both tests assessing semantic memory correlated significantly with the cognitive composite score, defined as a number of tests in which patients performed below group median for the given test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In RRMS beta-NGF is strongly linked to cognitive performance, which makes it an attractive therapeutic target. It might play a neuroprotective role in MS, especially in the cognitive domain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropathology, Chair of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland. akalinowskalyszczarz@ump.edu.pl
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalinowska-Łyszczarz
authors.forename: Mikołaj A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pawlak
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michalak
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Losy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor