title: Antitumor activity and immunomodulatory effects of the intraperitoneal administration of Kanglaite in vivo in Lewis lung carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Kanglaite (KLT) is a useful antitumor drug with proven effects when combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. We hypothesize that KLT has antitumor activity and immunomodulatory effects in Lewis lung carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/6 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma were divided into four groups: the control group (C), cisplatin group (1 mg/kg, DDP), low KLT group (6.25 ml/kg body weight [L]), and high KLT group (12.5 ml/kg body weight [H]). T cell proliferation was determined by the MTT assay. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), inhibitor kappa B alpha (IκBα), IκB kinase (IKK) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) levels were measured by western blotting. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraperitoneal KLT significantly inhibited the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma, and the spleen index was significantly higher in the L and H groups than in the C group. KLT stimulated T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with KLT at either 6.25 or 12.5 ml/kg decreased the level of NF-κB in the nucleus in a dose-dependent manner, and KLT markedly decreased the expression of IκBα, IKK and EGFR in the cytoplasm of tumor cells and overall. IL-2 was significantly increased in the supernatant of splenocytes in the H group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that KLT has pronounced antitumor and immunostimulatory activities in C57BL/6 mice with Lewis lung carcinoma. These may affect the regulation of NF-κB/IκB expression, in addition to cytokines such as IL-2 and EGFR. Further work needs to investigate the relevant signaling pathway effects, but our findings suggest that KLT may be a promising antitumor drug for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, NO.3 People's Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 280, Mohe road, Baoshan District, Shanghai 201900, China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhu-Ying
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yong-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C499781:kang-lai-te