title: The evolution of wrinkle removal: use of lasers and other devices in facial rejuvenation.
abstract: Lasers have revolutionized facial rejuvenation. Various wavelengths, more powerful machines allowing shorter shutter times and more precise vaporization, and other innovations led physicians and their patients to embrace ablative laser technology. The results have not always been positive, however. Over-adoption by poorly trained physicians led to highly publicized problems and the development of a whole class of nonablative machines as well as fractional laser technology. This article reviews the evolution of wrinkle removal by lasers and other devices.
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Tholen
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004867:Equipment Design / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000639:trends; D004954:Esthetics; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends*; D008910:Minnesota; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging