title: Intrapleural chemotherapy improves the survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients with positive pleural lavage cytology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Information regarding the treatment of pleural lavage cytology (PLC)-positive patients is still limited. This study evaluated the efficacy of intrapleural chemotherapy (IPC) in PLC-positive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred eighty-six of the 567 lung cancer patients who underwent surgery had undergone PLC after thoracotomy, following by a complete resection were evaluated. IPC was performed after surgery, and cisplatin or adriamycin was injected intrapleurally through the thoracic tube.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pathological diagnosis showed that 17 patients (4.4 %) were positive for (or suspected to have) malignancy in their PLC. The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that only pleural invasion was a significant predictor of a PLC-positive status. The 5-year overall survival in PLC-positive patients was 38 % and that in PLC-negative patients was 84 %. Both the univariate (p < 0.01) and multivariate (p = 0.045) analyses showed that the status of PLC was significantly associated with the overall survival. Eight of the 17 PLC-positive patients underwent IPC. The 2-year OS rate in the patients treated with IPC was 88 % and that of those without IPC was 44 (p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IPC improved the postoperative survival in PLC-positive NSCLC patients, and a further prospective evaluation regarding this therapy is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery II, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Iseigaoka 1-1, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan. t-baba@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uramoto
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwata
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chikaishi
authors.forename: Souichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Yoshika
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shigematsu
authors.forename: Hidehiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanagiri
authors.forename: Fumihiro
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036502:Infusions, Intralesional; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010994:Pleura / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology*; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D015996:Survival Rate; D013908:Thoracotomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004317:Doxorubicin; D002945:Cisplatin