title: BRAF mutations in papillary thyroid carcinoma and emerging targeted therapies (review).
abstract: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common histotype among the             thyroid cancer types. Although PTC is a curable malignancy, many patients relapse             after treatment. Thus, there is a need to identify novel factors involved in the             pathogenesis of PTC that may be used as targets for new therapies. The MAPK pathway             has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PTC. Therefore, in this review, we             summarize the role of the BRAF V600E mutation in the development and progression             of thyroid cancer. The cinical implication of this molecular abnormality is also             discussed. It is evident that the detection of the BRAF V600E mutation is crucial             in order to identify novel avenues for thyroid cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Giulia Costanza
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Leonardi
authors.forename: Saverio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Candido
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raiti
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Colaianni
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garozzo
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cinà
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McCubrey
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Libra
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012008:Recurrence; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases