title: The effects of adjunctive metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: a 1-year double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical effects of the adjunctive use of metronidazole (MTZ) and amoxicillin (AMX) in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to receive scaling and root planing (SRP) alone or combined with MTZ (400 mg/TID) and AMX (500 mg/TID) for 14 days. Subjects were clinically monitored at baseline, 6 months and 1 year post-therapies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both therapies led to a statistically significant improvement in all clinical parameters at 1 year post-therapy (p < 0.05). Subjects receiving MTZ plus AMX exhibited the deepest reductions in mean probing depth (PD) and gain in clinical attachment between baseline and 1 year post-therapy in the full-mouth analysis and in initially intermediate (PD 4-6 mm) and deep (PD ≥ 7 mm) sites (p < 0.01). In addition, the antibiotic group presented lower mean number of residual sites with PD ≥ 5 or 6 mm as well as fewer subjects still presenting nine or more sites with PD ≥ 5 mm or three or more sites with PD ≥ 6 mm at the end of the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The non-surgical treatment of GAgP is markedly improved by the adjunctive use of MTZ+AMX, up to 1 year post-treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mestnik
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feres
authors.forename: Luciene C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Geisla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Ricardo P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Teles
authors.forename: Daiane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fermiano
authors.forename: Poliana M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faveri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D000658:Amoxicillin