title: Cystic lung disease is not uncommon in men with tuberous sclerosis complex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the frequency of cystic lung disease suggestive of pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis in men with tuberous sclerosis complex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of CT scans of the chest and abdomen on 29 men with tuberous sclerosis complex encountered during a 13-year period, 1998 to 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cystic lung disease (defined as ≥4 cysts) was seen in 11 of 29 men (38%) with tuberous sclerosis complex. The mean age of those with cystic lung disease was 46.3 ± 19.1 years. None of the patients had experienced pneumothorax or chylothorax and none had undergone a lung biopsy for evaluation of cystic lung disease. Lymphangiomyomatosis had been diagnosed in two of 11 patients with cystic lung disease. Renal angiomyolipomas were demonstrated in 14 of 25 patients (56%) with renal imaging available; all 14 had multiple bilateral renal involvement. In this limited cohort of patients, the presence of cystic lung disease did not correlate with age, smoking exposure or the presence of renal AMLs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that tuberous sclerosis complex -related lymphangiomyomatosis may not be rare in men but is milder in severity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gonda 18 South, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. ryu.jay@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Jay H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Anne-Marie G
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: Augustine S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Charles D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Burger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D018192:Lymphangioleiomyomatosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging