title: High-efficiency dual labeling of influenza virus for single-virus imaging.
abstract: Many viruses invade host cells by entering the cells and releasing their genome for replication, which are remarkable incidents for viral infection. Therefore, the viral internal and external components should be simultaneously labeled and dynamically tracked at single-virus level for further understanding viral infection mechanisms. However, most of the previously reported methods have very low labeling efficiency and require considerable time and effort, which is laborious and inconvenient for researchers. In this work, we report a general strategy to high-efficiently label viral envelope and genome for single-virus imaging with quantum dots (QDs) and Syto 82, respectively. It was found that nearly all viral envelopes could be labeled with QDs with superior stability, which makes it possible to realize global and long-term tracking of single virus in individual cells. Effectively labeling their genome with Syto 82, about 90% of QDs-labeled viruses could be used to monitor the viral genome signal, which may provide valuable information for deeply studying viral genome transport. This is very important and meaningful to investigate the viral infection mechanism. Our labeling strategy has advantage in commonality, convenience and efficiency, which is expected to be widely used in biological research.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Virology, and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
authors.forename: Shu-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhi-Quan
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Zhi-Ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qiu-Mei
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hai-Su
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Dai-Wen
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D061985:Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008857:Microscopy, Interference; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D045663:Quantum Dots; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins