title: Agaricus brasiliensis-derived β-glucans exert immunoenhancing effects via a dectin-1-dependent pathway.
abstract: Agaricus brasiliensis is a well-known medicinal mushroom. We have previously demonstrated that Agaricus-derived polysaccharides exhibit potent antitumor effects; however, the underlying mechanism(s) have not been elucidated yet. In this study, we examined the immunoenhancing activities of Agaricus extracts. Agaricus-derived polysaccharides were characterized as 1,6-β-glucan with a small amount of 1,3-β-glucan using anti-β-glucan antibody and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. These polysaccharides strongly induced the production of various cytokines from both murine splenocytes and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in the presence of exogenous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Polysaccharide-induced cytokine production was significantly reduced in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells derived from dectin-1-deficient mice. Furthermore, a binding assay revealed that the Agaricus-derived polysaccharides can be recognized by dectin-1, a pivotal receptor for 1,3-β-glucan. Taken together, our results clearly indicate that the immunostimulation induced by Agaricus-derived polysaccharides is exerted, at least in part, via dectin-1 in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: Masuro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motoi
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohno
mesh_terms: D000364:Agaricus; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000099181:Dectin-1
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D047071:beta-Glucans; D000099181:Dectin-1