title: IL-17, neutrophil activation and muscle damage following endurance exercise.
abstract: The T-cell subset Th17 is induced partly by interleukin (IL)-6 and activated by IL-23, and produces a proinflammatory cytokine IL-17. Since IL-6 increases dramatically following long-lasting endurance exercise, this response may also stimulate the induction of IL-17 and IL-23 after exercise. The aim of this study was to clarify the dynamics of IL-17 in association with endurance exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammatory responses. Fourteen male triathletes participated in a duathlon race consisting of 5 km of running, 40 km of cycling and 5 km of running. Venous blood and urine samples were collected before, immediately after 1.5 h and 3 h after the race. Plasma and urine were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Haematological and biochemical variables such as neutrophil activation marker (myeloperoxidase: MPO), muscle damage marker (myoglobin: Mb) and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-KB ligand (sRANKL) were also determined to estimate the biological and pathological significance. Plasma concentrations oflL-6 (+26.0x), MPO (+3.2x) and Mb (+4.9x) increased significantly immediately after the race and IL-17 and IL-23 tended to increase. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of IL-12p40 and sRANKL increased significantly after the race. The measured parameters related to Thl 7 cytokines in the urinary output were closely correlated with each other and muscle damage marker. These findings suggest that IL-17 induced by IL-6 and activated by IL-23 or other IL-17 producing-cells and IL-23 might promote neutrophil activation and muscle damage following prolonged endurance exercise.
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Major in Advanced Health Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology/Waseda University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugama
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshitani
authors.forename: Koso
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kometani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000652:urine; D053759:Interleukin-23 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000293:injuries; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000097:blood; D009212:Myoglobinuria / Q000276:immunology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000276:immunology*; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D058504:Th17 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053759:Interleukin-23; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009211:Myoglobin; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D009195:Peroxidase