title: Blink reflex in patients with postparalytic facial syndrome and blepharospasm: trigeminal and auditory stimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The enhancement of blink reflex (BR) excitability was shown in patients with postparalytic facial syndrome (PFS) and essential blepharospasm (EB). We prospectively investigated patients with PFS and EB whether BR alterations demonstrated by trigeminal stimulation will similarly be observed upon auditory stimulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with PFS, 15 patients with EB, and 30 healthy volunteers were involved. Electrically stimulated trigeminal BR and auditory BR were studied bilaterally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean R2 amplitude and duration values were highest in EB patients, being significantly higher than PFS patients (p < 0.05) and control group (p < 0.01). The mean R2 duration in PFS patients were also significantly longer in compared to control group (p = 0.025). EB patients showed a higher mean R (auditory) amplitude and duration than PFS patients (p < 0.05) and controls (p < 0.04). The mean R (auditory) duration was longer on symptomatic side of PFS patients in compared to controls (p = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed that there is an enhanced excitability of BR circuit in postparalytic facial syndrome and essential blepharospasm, which could be evoked by auditory stimulation in addition to trigeminal stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The enhanced excitability in patients with EB and PFS probably originates from the final common pathway of BR circuit, namely facial motor or premotor neurons.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul 34098, Turkey.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Akalin
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kiziltan
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benbir
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001767:Blinking; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004576:Electromyography; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*