title: Antibodies to hepatitis B virus surface antigen and interleukin 12 and interleukin 18 gene polymorphisms in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The interleukin (IL)18 rs360719 CC genotype is associated with the development of antibodies to hepatitis B virus surface antigen (anti-HBs) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. IL18 shares biological properties with IL12 in promoting the T-hepler 1 (Th1) system. We studied whether polymorphisms in the IL12A 3` untranslated region (UTR) and IL12B 3`UTR may contribute to anti-HBs development (titre ≥ 10 IU/L) in HD patients either individually or jointly with the IL18 polymorphism.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 518 HD patients and 240 controls the IL12A rs568408 3'UTR G > A polymorphism was genotyped by high-resolution melting curve analysis. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the IL12B rs3212227 3'UTR A > C and IL18 -1297 T > C rs360719 polymorphisms. The associations between the IL12A, IL12B and IL18 genotypes and the risk of impaired anti-HBs development were estimated by computing the odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals using logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the logistic regression analysis, the higher frequency of rs360719 CC individually (2.9% in 207 patients without anti-HBs development vs 8.0% in 311 patients with anti-HBs development, p = 0.009) and of rs360719 CC combined with rs568408 GG (p = 0.048), rs568408 GA (p = 0.035), rs568408 GG/AA (p = 0.034) or rs3212227 AA (p = 0.046) was associated with an increased chance for the development of anti-HBs in HD patients. Patients bearing both rs568408 AA and rs360719 TT had a 10.9-fold or 8.9-fold lower chance, respectively, to develop anti-HBs compared with those carrying any other genotype (p = 0.005) or those who had both wild-type rs568408 GG and rs360719 TT (p = 0.011). Carriers of both rs3212227 CC and rs360719 TC had a 4.6-fold lower chance for anti-HBs development than carriers of any other genotype (p = 0.042).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Development of anti-HBs in HD patients is associated with gene polymorphisms of interleukins involved in the Th1 system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Blvd, 60-355 Poznań, Poland. alicja_grzegorzewska@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Alicja E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Grzegorzewska
authors.forename: Piotr M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wobszal
authors.forename: Adrianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostowska
authors.forename: Paweł P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Jagodziński
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000235:genetics*; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D020382:Interleukin-18; D018664:Interleukin-12