title: Assessing cardiovascular disease risk among young women with a history of delivering a low-birth-weight infant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence and risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among younger women by pregnancy history.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study using 1999 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey including women aged 20 to 64 years who had delivered at least one infant (n = 4820). Women self-reported pregnancy history and a clinician diagnosed CVD; CVD risk factors included hypertension (mean systolic blood pressure [BP] ≥140 mm Hg or mean diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, or currently treated), high cholesterol (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or currently treated), diabetes (self-report or hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5), and smoking (self-report or cotinine-verified). Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between pregnancy history and CVD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the women we studied, 4.6% had CVD; 3.1% had delivered a term low-birth-weight infant (TLBWI). Women with a history of TLBWI had an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 2.07 (95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.08 to 3.99) for CVD compared with women without a history of LBWI. Adjustment for hypertension and high cholesterol mildly attenuated the association (AOR 1.85, 95% CI 0.89 to 3.83). Among women without CVD (n = 4555), 23.1% with a history of TLBWI had two risk factors compared with 14.0% of those without a history of LBWI (p = 0.0016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with a history of TLBWI should be informed of a possible increased risk of CVD and encouraged to receive screenings as recommended.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA. PDietz@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Patricia M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: Elena V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Kuklina
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Callaghan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D047929:Term Birth; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult