title: Aqueous ionic liquid based ultrasonic assisted extraction of four acetophenones from the Chinese medicinal plant Cynanchum bungei Decne.
abstract: In this study, an aqueous ionic liquid based ultrasonic assisted extraction (ILUAE) method for the extraction of the four acetophenones, namely 4-hydroxyacetophenone (1), 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (2), baishouwubenzophenone (3) and 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone (4) from the Chinese medicinal plant Cynanchum bungei was developed. Three kinds of aqueous l-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids with different anion and alkyl chain were investigated. The results indicated that ionic liquids (ILs) showed remarkable effects on the extraction efficiency of acetophenones. In addition, the ILUAE, including several ultrasonic parameters, such as the ILs concentration, solvent to solid ratio, power, particle size, temperature, and extraction time have been optimized. Under these optimal conditions (e.g., with 0.6M [C(4)MIM]BF(4), solvent to solid ratio of 35:1, power of 175 W, particle size of 60-80 mesh, temperature of 25 ° C and time of 50 min), this approach gained the highest extraction yields of four acetophenones 286.15, 21.65, 632.58 and 205.38 μg/g, respectively. The proposed approach has been evaluated by comparison with the conventional heat-reflux extraction (HRE) and regular UAE. The results indicated that ILUAE is an alternative method for extracting acetophenones from C. bungei.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
authors.forename: Yinshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhengbo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Saifei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Baiqing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002681:China; D031105:Cynanchum / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D014867:Water