title: Investigation of fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides and macrolides in long-term wastewater irrigation soil in Tianjin, China.
abstract: Fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides and macrolides were analyzed in soil samples collected from suburban areas in Tianjin, China. Fluoroquinolones were the predominant class of antibiotics. The mean total concentration of fluoroquinolones (33.56 μg/kg) was 30-fold higher than one of macrolides, which were the second dominant class antibiotics. Sulfonamides showed the lowest level in soil. The spatial distribution of fluoroquinolones showed wastewater irrigation was a potential source of antibiotics. The individual antibiotics levels were all below the trigger value (100 μg/kg) set by the Steering Committee of Veterinary International Committee, indicating the low risk for organisms in the agricultural soils of Tianjin.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Wenhui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiemin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yaqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis*; D018942:Macrolides / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D018942:Macrolides; D012987:Soil; D013449:Sulfonamides; D062065:Wastewater