title: Endometrial stromal sarcoma in a 29-year-old patient. Case report and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endometrial stromal sarcomas are rare tumors accounting for about 0.2% of all genital tract malignancies. They are considered to occur more often in premenopausal women. Endometrial stromal sarcomas are hormone sensitive tumors. A state of hyper-estrogenemia could act as a growth stimulus. Given the rarity of these tumors there are limited reports in the literature referring to the clinical management and final outcome of these cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient, a 29-year-old woman, had a surgical history of myomectomy in another hospital three months before her referal to our department. The histological examination of the removed myoma showed an endometrial stromal sarcoma. Total abdominal hysterectomy, with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy and elective pelvic lymphadenectomy were then performed as a second radical surgical approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endometrial stromal sarcomas are uncommon and their differential diagnosis from typical submucosal uterine myomas or benign endometrial polyps could be difficult. The hysteroscopic features of uterine sarcomas are often similar to those of endometrial polyps or submucosal myomas. The histological examination of the specimen is necessary to exclude malignancy and establish the final diagnosis. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oopherectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the optimal treatment in cases of endometrial stromal sarcomas.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, Medical School, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens, Greece. chrisostomos.sofoudis@gmail.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sofoudis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kalampokas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grigoriadis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kalampokas
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bakalianou
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salakos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D036821:Endometrial Stromal Tumors / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D009852:Omentum / Q000601:surgery; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010388:Pelvis; D058994:Salpingectomy; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*