title: Granulosa cells in the uterosacral ligament: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Granulosa cells are components of the sex cord-stromal cells in the ovary responsible for steroidogenesis. Uncommonly, extraovarian granulosa cells have been reported to be associated with malignant processes of the ovary. We report a unique case of benign granulosa cells, found during routine laparoscopic evaluation, in the uterosacral ligaments in a 20-year-old patient with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Possible mechanisms include implantation of released granulosa cells from a normal ovary or arising from a focus of müllerianosis. Of note, a focus of endosalpingiosis and endometriosis was also identified within the specimen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jochebed Jolie
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Pun
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Vilos
authors.forename: Helen C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ettler
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Angelos G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Vilos
authors.forename: Basim
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Abu-Rafea
mesh_terms: D002828:Choristoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult