title: High prevalence of the simultaneous excretion of polyomaviruses JC and BK in the urine of HIV-infected patients without neurological symptoms in São Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of the urinary excretion of BKV and JCV in HIV-infected patients without neurological symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urine samples from HIV-infected patients without neurological symptoms were tested for JC virus and BK virus by PCR. Samples were screened for the presence of polyomavirus with sets of primers complementary to the early region of JCV and BKV genome (AgT). The presence of JC virus or BK virus were confirmed by two other PCR assays using sets of primers complementary to the VP1 gene of each virus. Analysis of the data was performed by the Kruskal-Wallis test for numerical data and Pearson or Yates for categorical variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 75 patients were included in the study. The overall prevalence of polyomavirus DNA urinary shedding was 67/75 (89.3%). Only BKV DNA was detected in 14/75 (18.7%) urine samples, and only JCV DNA was detected in 11/75 (14.7%) samples. Both BKV and JCV DNA were present in 42/75 (56.0%) samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study we found high rates of excretion of JCV, BKV, and simultaneous excretion in HIV+ patients. Also these results differ from the others available on the literature.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Henrique da Silva
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Nali
authors.forename: Cristiane de Campos
authors.initials: Cde C
authors.lastname: Centrone
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Palma
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Urbano
authors.forename: Augusto César
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Penalva-de-Oliveira
authors.forename: Jose Ernesto
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: Erique Peixoto
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Claudio Sérgio
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pannuti
authors.forename: Maria Cristina Domingues da Silva
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001739:BK Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007577:JC Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D027601:Polyomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D015995:Prevalence; D014556:Urine / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral