title: Comparison of Hybrid III and THOR dummies in paired small overlap tests.
abstract: The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) is investigating small overlap crash test procedures for a  possible consumer information program. Analysis of real-world small overlap crashes found a strong relationship between serious  head and chest injuries and occupant compartment intrusion. The main sources of serious head injuries were from the A-pillar,  dash panel, or door structure, suggesting head trajectories forward and outboard possibly bypassing the airbag. Chest injuries  mainly were from steering wheel intrusion and seat belt loading. In developing this program, two test dummies were evaluated  for predicting occupant injury risk: midsize male Hybrid III and THOR. In the collinear small overlap crash tests conducted here,  results from the two dummies were similar. Both predicted a low risk of injury to the head and chest and sometimes a high risk  of injury to the lower extremities. Head and torso kinematics also were similar between dummies. Other test scenarios might  show larger differences between the dummies.
authors.affiliation: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Ruckersville, VA 22968, USA. bmueller@iihs.org
authors.forename: Becky C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Sherwood
authors.forename: Raul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Arbelaez
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Zuby
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nolan
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D017278:Air Bags; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008348:Manikins; D014947:Wounds and Injuries