title: [A prospective cohort study of the risk factors of emergence agitation in pediatric after general anesthesia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate risk factors associated with emergence agitation (EA) in pediatrics after general anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study was conducted in 268 pediatric patients aged 2-9 years, who received general anesthesia for various operative procedures in our hospital between January 2008 and October 2011. The incidence of EA was assessed. Difficult parental-separation behavior, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions, and adverse events were also recorded. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to determine the factors associated with EA. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and sixteen children (43.3%) had EA, with an average duration of 9.1 ± 6.6 minutes. EA associated with adverse events occurred in 35 agitated children (30.2%). From univariate analysis, factors associated with EA were difficult parental-separation behavior, preschool age (2 - 5 years), and general anesthesia with sevoflurane. However, difficult parental-separation behavior, and preschool age were the only factors significantly associated with EA in the multiple Logistic regression analysis with OR = 3.091 (95%CI: 1.688, 5.465, P < 0.01) and OR = 1.965 (95%CI: 1.112, 3.318, P = 0.024), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicated that the incidence of EA was high in PACU. Preschool children and difficult parental-separation behavior were the predictive factors of emergence agitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthsiology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Hai-fang
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane