title: The "Suicide Guard Rail": a minimal structural intervention in hospitals reduces suicide jumps.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Jumping from heights is a readily available and lethal method of suicide. This study examined the effectiveness of a minimal structural intervention in preventing suicide jumps at a Swiss general teaching hospital. Following a series of suicide jumps out of the hospital's windows, a metal guard rail was installed at each window of the high-rise building.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 114 months prior to the installation of the metal guard rail, 10 suicides by jumping out of the hospital's windows occurred among 119,269 inpatients. This figure was significantly reduced to 2 fatal incidents among 104,435 inpatients treated during the 78 months immediately following the installation of the rails at the hospital's windows (χ2 = 4.34, df = 1, p = .037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even a minimal structural intervention might prevent suicide jumps in a general hospital. Further work is needed to examine the effectiveness of minimal structural interventions in preventing suicide jumps.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Services Aargau AG/Teaching Hospital of the University of Zurich, Haselstrasse 1, P.O. Box 1044, Baden CH-5401, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohl
authors.forename: Niklaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stulz
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eigenmann
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hepp
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hüsler
authors.forename: Jürg H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Beer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001107:Architectural Accessibility; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D006749:Hospital Design and Construction; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000517:prevention & control; D013557:Switzerland; D013997:Time Factors; D000092864:Suicide Prevention