title: ER stress-induced inflammation: does it aid or impede disease progression?
abstract: Different lines of research have revealed that pathways activated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response induce sterile inflammation. When activated, all three sensors of the unfolded protein response (UPR), PERK, IRE1, and ATF6, participate in upregulating inflammatory processes. ER stress in various cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer, and intestinal bowel and airway diseases. Moreover, it has been suggested that ER stress-induced inflammation contributes substantially to disease progression. However, this generalization can be challenged at least in the case of cancer. In this review, we emphasize that ER stress can either aid or impede disease progression via inflammatory pathways depending on the cell type, disease stage, and type of ER stressor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Abhishek D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Krysko
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vandenabeele
authors.forename: Dmitri V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Krysko
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agostinis
mesh_terms: D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D059865:Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D056811:Unfolded Protein Response; D015854:Up-Regulation; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase; D004722:Endoribonucleases