title: Anti-inflammatory effects of oleanolic acid on LPS-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Oleanolic acid (OA) is a triterpenoid known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties; however, the anti-inflammatory effects of OA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated pro-inflammatory responses have not been studied. Here, we first investigated the possible anti-inflammatory effects of OA against pro-inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by LPS and the associated signaling pathways. We found that OA inhibited LPS-induced barrier disruption, expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and adhesion/transendothelial migration of monocytes to HUVECs. OA also suppressed acetic acid-induced hyperpermeability and carboxymethylcellulose-induced leukocyte migration in vivo. Further studies revealed that OA suppressed the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and activation of nuclear factor-κB by LPS. Collectively, these results suggest that OA has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting hyperpermeability, the expression of CAMs, and the adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapeutic agent for vascular inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Wonhwa
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Sae-Kwang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Kyung-Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jong-Sup
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival; D019040:E-Selectin; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057705:Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D019040:E-Selectin; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D002266:Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; D019342:Acetic Acid