title: Literature review of outcome parameters used in studies of Geriatric Fracture Centers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A variety of multidisciplinary treatment models have been described to improve outcome after osteoporotic hip fractures. There is a tendency toward better outcomes after implementation of the most sophisticated model with a shared leadership for orthopedic surgeons and geriatricians; the Geriatric Fracture Center. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the use of outcome parameters in published literature on the Geriatric Fracture Center evaluation studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was performed using Medline and the Cochrane Library to identify Geriatric Fracture Center evaluation studies. The outcome parameters used in the included studies were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 16 outcome parameters were used in 11 studies to evaluate patient outcome in 8 different Geriatric Fracture Centers. Two of these outcome parameters are patient-reported outcome measures and 14 outcome parameters were objective measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In-hospital mortality, length of stay, time to surgery, place of residence and complication rate are the most frequently used outcome parameters. The patient-reported outcomes included activities of daily living and mobility scores. There is a need for generally agreed upon outcome measures to facilitate comparison of different care models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tyrolean Geriatric Fracture Center, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: I S L
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Liem
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kammerlander
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suhm
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kates
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blauth
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D017146:Models, Organizational; D058866:Osteoporotic Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration