title: Role of CXC chemokine receptor-2 in a murine model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: The contribution of neutrophils and CXC chemokines to the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia is not well defined. The transgenic expression of IL-1β in the pulmonary epithelium causes lung inflammation and disrupts alveolar development in infant mice. To study the hypothesis that CXC chemokine receptor-2 (CXCR2) is a mediator of inflammatory lung injury, we compared lung development in IL-1β-expressing mice with wild-type (IL-1β/CXCR2(+/+)) or null (IL-1β/CXCR2(-/-)) CXCR2 loci. CXCR2 deficiency abolished the transmigration of neutrophils into the alveolar lumen in IL-1β-expressing mice, but did not alter the number of neutrophils in the parenchyma. The deletion of CXCR2 increased the alveolar chord length and reduced the survival of mice when IL-1β was expressed from the pseudoglandular to the alveolar stages. The capillary configuration was highly abnormal in both IL-1β/CXCR2(+/+) and IL-1β/CXCR2(-/-) lungs, but in very different ways. The cellular area of the parenchyma and the total capillary area of IL-1β/CXCR2(+/+) and IL-1β/CXCR2(-/-) mice were smaller than those of control/CXCR2(+/+) and control/CXCR2(-/-) mice, but the ratio of capillary area to cellular area was similar in all four genotypes. When IL-1β was expressed during the saccular stage, IL-1β/CXCR2(-/-) mice had smaller alveolar chord lengths and better survival than did IL-1β/CXCR2(+/+) mice. Independent of the timing of IL-1β expression, IL-1β increased alveolar septal thickness in mice with wild-type CXCR2 loci, but not in CXCR2 null mice. Depending on the developmental stage at the time of the inflammatory insult, inhibition of the CXCR2 pathway may exert opposite effects on alveolar septation in the neonatal lung.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hogmalm
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bäckström
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bry
authors.forename: Urpo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lappalainen
authors.forename: Heikki P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lukkarinen
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D040501:Calgranulin A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D040502:Calgranulin B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology; D009024:Morphogenesis; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000098:blood supply / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D040501:Calgranulin A; D040502:Calgranulin B; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B; C576329:S100A9 protein, mouse; C086145:S100a8 protein, mouse; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C501830:Mmp9 protein, mouse