title: Pathogenesis of infantile hemangiomas.
abstract: 1.Review the key features of the life cycle of infantile hemangiomas.2.Highlight cellular and molecular pathways involved in hemangioma-genesis.3.Discuss theories that may account for hemangioma-genesis.In the past, it was believed that a mother's visual impressions or behavior during pregnancy caused the growth of infantile hemangioma in her unborn child. She might have had an excessive craving for strawberries, witnessed the slaughter of an animal, directly contacted human or animal blood, or mocked a child with a similar birthmark.1 This folklore began to slowly fade once hemangiomas were examined through the light microscope. In 1863, Virchow2 suggested that hemangiomas are composed of proliferating new blood vessels resulting from progressive irritation of tissue. In 1933, Laidlow and Murray3 proposed a phylogenetic origin for hemangiomas and hypothesized that hemangiomas are remnants of vascular tufts functioning as accessory lungs for primitive amphibia. Pack and Miller4 (1950) hypothesized that hemangiomas develop from embryonic islands of angioblastic cells that were isolated from the systemic vasculature during fetal development.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Lily Changchien
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Uihlein
authors.forename: Marilyn G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mulliken
mesh_terms: D018324:Hemangioma, Capillary / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008962:Models, Theoretical