title: Efficacy of per oral access in the surgical management of T2/T3 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transcutaneous "access" procedures still continue to be widely employed for surgical management of medium-sized (T2, T3) oral cavity tumors in spite of the almost 4-cm mouth opening available to the surgeon to access the oral cavity. We undertook a retrospective study to objectively evaluate "per oral access" in managing these tumors with regard to the ability to achieve a clear surgical margin and enable reconstruction of resultant defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series with chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary academic hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-nine consecutive patients of oral squamous cell carcinoma excised by per oral approach were analyzed. Multiple patient- and tumor-related factors known to influence status of surgical margins were analyzed. The overall frequency of clear, close, and involved margins was noted, as well as 5-year local control rate. The method of reconstruction employed was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The close/involved margins were more frequent with larger tumors and tumors exhibiting perineural infiltration, but none were statistically significant (P > .12). The overall frequency of clear, close, and involved margins was 81%, 11%, and 8%, respectively. Tongue and buccal mucosa sites constituted approximately 85% of the cases and had an 85% clear margin rate. Five-year local control rate was 70.35%. Fifty-three free flaps reconstruction were undertaken without any additional "access" procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate ability to obtain comparable tumor clearance rates employing per oral access, without compromising ability to perform optimal reconstruction. We suggest per oral access should be the access of choice for medium-sized oral cavity tumors, and additional access procedures should only be considered if the initial access proves inadequate.
authors.affiliation: Head and Neck Surgical Oncology (Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences); Ivy Hospital, Sector-71, Mohali, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: Azhar J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Battoo
authors.forename: Krishnakumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thankappan
authors.forename: Sheikh Zahoor
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Naveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hedne
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Balasubramanian
authors.forename: Nirav
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: Subramania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Moni Abraham
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kuriakose
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D047368:Tumor Burden