title: [Roles of periostin in proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and the effect of atorvastatin on them].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of periostin in in vitro cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by TGF-β1 and the relationship between periostin expression and the migration and proliferation of the VSMCs. Further, to investigate the effects of atorvastatin on the above-mentioned processes and the molecular mechanisms of atorvastatin inhibition of TGF-β1- induced periostin production.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat aorta smooth muscle cells were cultivated by the method of tissue explants adherence. Cells of generation 3 to 6 were used as the experimental system. Primary cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells were treated by TGF-β1 and different concentrations of atorvastatin,Y-2763 (Rho kinase inhibitor), or atorvastatin plus MVA for 24 hours. The expression of periostin was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot. A Boyden chamber assay was used to measure cell migration, and an MTT test was used to measure cell proliferation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Periostin expression in rat VSMCs stimulated by TGF-β1 increased significantly (4.158 ± 0.515 vs 0.385 ± 0.031), VSMC migration(25 ± 4 vs 8 ± 2) and proliferation (0.85 ± 0.06 vs 0.32 ± 0.03) also increased significantly. Atorvastatin significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced periostin production in rat VSMCs, as well as VSMC migration and proliferation, in a dose-dependent manner. Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced periostin production in rat VSMCs (2.082 ± 0.245). The inhibitory effect of atorvastatin on periostin upregulation induced by TGF-β1 was reversed by mevalonate (3.838 ± 0.326).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periostin can promote rat VSMC migration and proliferation. Atorvastatin inhibition of periostin expression induced by TGF-β1 in VSMCs may be exerted by inhibition of the production of MVA and other isoprene compounds and by blocking the Rho/Rho kinase signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: Jingle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wenguang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Jiangang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenpeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D006538:Heptanoic Acids; C512836:Postn protein, rat; D011758:Pyrroles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases