title: Neuroprotective activityof Cymbopogon martinii against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Watson (Family: Graminae), commonly known as Palmarosa, is traditionally prescribed for central nervous system (CNS) disorders such as neuralgia, epileptic fits and anorexia. Although the plant possesses diverse pharmacological actions, the neuroprotective action has got little attention.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study evaluated neuroprotective effect of essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii (EOCM) against global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced oxidative stress in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Global ischemic brain damage was induced by bilateral common carotid artery (BCCA) occlusion for 30 min, followed by 60 min reperfusion on Wistar albino rats. The biochemical levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total thiols and glutathione (GSH) were estimated and brain coronal sections and histopathological studies were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BCCA occlusion, followed by reperfusion caused varied biochemical/enzymatic alterations viz. increase in LPO and decrease in SOD, CAT, total thiols and GSH. The prior treatment of EOCM (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, p.o. for 10 days) markedly reversed these changes and restored to normal levels as compared to I/R groups. Moreover, brain coronal sections and histopathological studies revealed protection against ischemic brain damage in the EOCM-treated groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study, for the first time, shows potent neuroprotective effect of EOCM against global cerebral I/R-induced oxidative stress in rats, suggesting its therapeutic potential in cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) including stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Prakruti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buch
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Vishavas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ranpariya
authors.forename: Navin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parmar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D031743:Cymbopogon; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione