title: California hospitals serving large minority populations were more likely than others to employ ambulance diversion.
abstract: It is well documented that racial and ethnic minority populations disproportionately use hospital emergency departments for safety-net care. But what is not known is whether emergency department crowding is disproportionately affecting minority populations and potentially aggravating existing health care disparities, including poorer outcomes for minorities. We examined ambulance diversion, a proxy measure for crowding, at 202 California hospitals. We found that hospitals serving large minority populations were more likely to divert ambulances than were hospitals with a lower proportion of minorities, even when controlling for hospital ownership, emergency department capacity, and other hospital demographic and structural factors. These findings suggest that establishing more-uniform criteria to regulate diversion may help reduce disparities in access to emergency care.
authors.affiliation: emergency medicine at University of California, San Francisco, and emergency medicine at San Francisco General Hospital, USA. renee.hsia@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Renee Yuen-Jan
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Asch
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zingmond
authors.forename: Li-Jung
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Weijuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McCreath
authors.forename: Benjamin C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000552:Ambulances / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002140:California; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D003441:Crowding; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies