title: [Role of vasculogenic mimicry and endothelium-dependent vessel in metastasis of laryngeal cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the contribution of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and endothelium-dependent vessel (EDV) to invasion and metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 203 cases with LSCC was reviewed and followed up. VM and EDV in LSCC tissues were assessed by double staining with anti-CD31 immunohistochemistry and periodic acid-schiff. Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the relationship between VM, EDV and clinical pathology parameters of LSCC. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate overall survival (OS) of patients with LSCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VM related to pTNM stage, lymph node metastasis and pathology grade of LSCC, while EDV related to primary sites, pTNM stage, T stage and distant metastasis of LSCC. Univariate analysis showed VM (P = 0.014), pTNM stage (P = 0.009), T stage (P = 0.013), nodal status (P = 0.013), histopathology grade (P = 0.038), tumor size (P = 0.028), and radiotherapy (P < 0.0001) related to OS. VM (P = 0.011), primary sites (P = 0.049), tumor size (P = 0.001) and radiotherapy (P < 0.0001) related to disease free survival. Multivariate analysis indicated that VM was an adverse predictor for both OS and disease free survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both VM and EDV existed in LSCC. VM contributed to progression of LSCC through promoting lymph node metastasis. VM is an independent predictor for the prognosis of LSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Otorhinolaryngology Institution, the First Clinical Department of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300384, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Bao-cun
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wen-juan
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Chun-rong
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong-hua
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jin-mei
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck