title: Protective effects of gypenosides against fatty liver disease induced by high fat and cholesterol diet and alcohol in rats.
abstract: In the present study, the protective effects of gypenosides from Gynostemma pentaphyllum on fatty liver disease (FLD) were examined in rats treated with high fat and cholesterol diet and alcohol. Male SD rats were divided into seven groups: control, model, lovastatin, silymarin, gypenosides high-, medium- and low-treatment groups. The latter 6 groups were fed high-fat and cholesterol diet and administered alcohol intragastricly once a day. Body weight was measured every week for 10 weeks, and the hepatic index was measured after 10 weeks. Compared with model group, levels of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acid (FFA), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, malondialdehyde (MDA), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, and hepatocyte apoptosis were significantly decreased in gypenosides groups; while serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in both serum and hepatic tissue and mRNA and protein level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) were significantly increased. Moreover, hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial damage were improved. These results suggested that gypenosides could prevent liver fatty degeneration in fatty liver disease through modulating lipid metabolism, ameliorating liver dysfunction and reducing oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan modern Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Renan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Jianyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chuyuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaoqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Kongyan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wenyu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Mingzhen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shubing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lingyi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Huiye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Wencai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D019610:Cytoprotection; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005235:Fatty Liver, Alcoholic / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029774:Gynostemma / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D047493:PPAR alpha; D010936:Plant Extracts; D028321:Plant Preparations; D020011:Protective Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; C474918:gypenoside; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase