title: Studies on structures and activities of initial Maillard reaction products by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry combined with liquid chromatography in processing of red ginseng.
abstract: Electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was applied to analyse the water-soluble extract of red ginseng (RG). Several new compounds were produced from the Maillard reaction during the steaming and drying process for preparing RG. Both the tandem electrospray ionisation (ESI-MS(n)) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonant mass spectrometric (FT-ICR-MS) data of these products proved that they were the initial Maillard reaction products (MRPs) of maltose with glutamic acid/aspartic acid, which were specific components in RG. In addition, their anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities were examined in vitro. The anti-diabetic activities were evaluated by studying the α-glucosidase inhibition using ultrafiltration LC-MS/MS techniques, while the antioxidant activities were investigated by UPLC-ESI-MS method. The results demonstrated that four initial MRPs in RG were identified as α-glucosidase inhibitors, and showed marked scavenging effect on the hydroxyl radical ((·)OH). Based on these studies, the processing method of RG was improved to generate more active compounds.
authors.affiliation: Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China.
authors.forename: Qin-Qin
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Shu-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Rui-Feng
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Feng-Rui
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Zhi-Qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D015394:Molecular Structure; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases