title: Neurotoxic effect of povidone-iodine on the rat spine using a laminectomy-durotomy model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy and safety of povidone-iodine in wound dressing and irrigation of some operative cavities were established by many in vitro and in vivo experimental reports and clinical series. However, its use in defective tissue in neural structures has not been confirmed yet. The aim of the present study was to histopathologically investigate its effect on neural tissues when applied on the upper side of defective dura.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups: control and povidone-iodine groups. In the control group, durotomy was performed following laminectomy, and the spinal cord was covered with a dry sponge. In the study group, the same procedure was performed, but open duras were covered with a sponge that had been wetted with 0.1 % povidone-iodine solution. Three weeks after surgery, all experimental animals were sacrificed, and histopathological evaluations were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myelin changes were absent or minimal in all cases of the control group but were present as markedly increased myelin degeneration in nearly all cases in the study group. Axonal degeneration and hypoxic neuronal damage were absent in the control group, whereas they were marked in half of the study group. No statistically significant differences were established in Schwann cell proliferation, venous congestion, and lymphocytic proliferation between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the present study, 0.1 % povidone-iodine solution cannot be recommended for wound dressing for neural structures such as myelomeningocele cases because of possible damage to underlying neural tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Anamur State Hospital, Mersin, Turkey. dremrahakcay@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Emrah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akcay
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ersahin
authors.forename: Fusun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: Yusuf Kurtulus
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Duransoy
authors.forename: Mahmut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camlar
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Atci
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yagci
authors.forename: Oner
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000633:toxicity*; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D007796:Laminectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000473:pathology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000473:pathology*; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000473:pathology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D013131:Spine / Q000473:pathology*; D016707:Tissue Fixation; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D011206:Povidone-Iodine