title: Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with delphinidin, cyanin, and quercetin.
abstract: Overactivation of the renin-angiotensin system is one of the most important risk factors for the development of hypertension. The use of the crude extracts and/or active compounds, such as anthocyanins and quercetin, of herbal plants that have antihypertensive effects is beneficial for decreasing of blood pressure level. However, the molecular mechanisms by which anthocyanins (delphinidin and cyanin) and quercetin regulate the renin-angiotensin system are not completely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that delphinidin, cyanin, and quercetin interrupt the renin-angiotensin system signaling pathway by inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and decreasing its mRNA production. Furthermore, treatment with either delphinidin or cyanin significantly inhibited renin mRNA production. However, delphinidin, cyanin, and quercetin did not act as the angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist and did not play roles in the regulation of its internalization. The direct inhibition of components of the renin-angiotensin system advances our understanding of the antihypertensive effects of these compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Warisara
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Parichatikanond
authors.forename: Darawan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pinthong
authors.forename: Supachoke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mangmool
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012083:Renin / Q000235:genetics; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000872:Anthocyanins; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005960:Glucosides; D011794:Quercetin; D012083:Renin; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; C017185:delphinidin