title: Application of receptor-specific risk distribution in the arsenic contaminated land management.
abstract: Concerns over health risks and financial costs have caused difficulties in the management of arsenic contaminated land in Taiwan. Inflexible risk criteria and lack of economic support often result in failure of a brownfields regeneration project. To address the issue of flexible risk criteria, this study is aimed to develop maps with receptor-specific risk distribution to facilitate scenario analysis of contaminated land management. A contaminated site risk map model (ArcGIS for risk assessment and management, abbreviated as Arc-RAM) was constructed by combining the four major steps of risk assessment with Geographic Information Systems. Sampling of contaminated media, survey of exposure attributes, and modeling of multimedia transport were integrated to produce receptor group-specific maps that depicted the probabilistic spatial distribution of risks of various receptor groups. Flexible risk management schemes can then be developed and assessed. In this study, a risk management program that took into account the ratios of various land use types at specified risk levels was explored. A case study of arsenic contaminated land of 6.387 km(2) has found that for a risk value between 1.00E-05 and 1.00E-06, the proposed flexible risk management of agricultural land achieves improved utilization of land. Using this method, the investigated case can reduce costs related to compensation for farmland totaling approximately NTD 5.94 million annually.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-chun
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Gen-shuh
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hwong-wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002648:Child; D003657:Decision Making; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D020387:Food Chain; D005506:Food Contamination; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D011336:Probability; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012308:Risk Management; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D001151:Arsenic