title: Cartilage lesions in patellofemoral dislocations:  incidents/locations/when to treat.
abstract: Patellofemoral (PF) dislocations are frequently associated with chondral injury. Chondral and osteochondral lesions are often associated with traumatic (high-energy) PF dislocations, whereas atraumatic (low-energy) PF dislocations in patients with significant PF risk factors have a much lower incidence of osteochondral damage. This article provides a historical overview and delineates the current state of radiographic and clinical outcomes of osteochondral lesions after PF dislocation. The importance of understanding risk factors of redislocation is emphasized, and the current treatment options for these cartilage lesions associated with PF dislocation are briefly summarized.
authors.affiliation: Cartilage Restoration Center of Indiana, Indiana Orthopaedic Hospital, Greenwood, IN 46143, USA.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farr
authors.forename: D Jeff
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Covell
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lattermann
mesh_terms: D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D010329:Patella / Q000503:physiopathology; D031222:Patellar Dislocation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D057071:Patellofemoral Joint / Q000293:injuries*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors