title: Sialendoscopic findings in patients with obstructive sialadenitis: long-term experience.
abstract: During a 9-year period from October 2002 to October 2011, 561 patients with swelling in the submandibular gland (n=474) and parotid gland (n=87) were successfully studied using sialendoscopy, and the features and pathological changes of the duct evaluated and recorded. Abnormalities were noted in 552/561 cases (98%), and normal features in 9 (2%). The pathological changes in 467 submandibular glands were identified both endoscopically and radiographically, and endoscopic findings showed 3 types: sialolith (n=423, 91%), mucus plug (n=15, 3%), and stenosis (n=29, 6%). In 12 cases foreign bodies (fish bones) were found fixed in calculi. In 85 parotid glands the main pathological finding in the duct was stenosis (n=64, 75%, mucus plug (n=12, 14%), and sialolith (n=9, 11%). Several microstructures had been found on sialendoscopy, including sublingual opening, a basin-like structure in the hilar region, a sphincter phenomenon, and hyperplasia. Sialendoscopy can give direct information about the salivary duct, and in some cases indicate the possible mechanism of obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, PR China. ycq616@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chuangqi
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lingyan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019723:Endoscopes / Q000145:classification; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009093:Mucus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010309:Parotitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012465:Salivary Duct Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018987:Salivary Ducts / Q000473:pathology; D015494:Salivary Gland Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012793:Sialadenitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012796:Sialography / Q000379:methods; D013364:Submandibular Gland Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055815:Young Adult