title: Liposomes containing lipid A: an effective, safe, generic adjuvant system for synthetic vaccines.
abstract: Liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) have previously exhibited considerable potency and safety in human trials with a variety of candidate vaccines, including vaccines to malaria, HIV-1 and several different types of cancer. The long history of research and development of MPLA and liposomal MPLA as vaccine adjuvants reveals that there are numerous opportunities for creation and development of generic (nonproprietary) adjuvant system formulations with these materials that are not only highly potent and safe, but also readily available as native materials or as synthetic compounds. They are easily manufactured as potentially inexpensive and easy to use adjuvant systems and might be effective even with synthetic peptides as antigens.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA. calving@hivresearch.org
authors.forename: Carl R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Alving
authors.forename: Mangala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Steers
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Matyas
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Mayorov
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008050:Lipid A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D008050:Lipid A; D008081:Liposomes; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic