title: Genital Inflammation Predicts HIV-1 Shedding Independent of Plasma Viral Load and Systemic Inflammation.
abstract: In women, genital HIV-1 RNA levels predict the risk of HIV-1 transmission independent of plasma viral load. To better understand the factors that contribute to genital HIV-1 shedding, we evaluated the relationships between genital and plasma cytokine concentrations and HIV-1 RNA levels. Vaginal, but not plasma, levels of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) were significantly associated with vaginal viral load, independent of plasma viral load. Thus, efforts to decrease HIV-1 transmission must take into account the role of local inflammation, which is not necessarily reflected in plasma measurements.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. cblish@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Blish
authors.forename: R Scott
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McClelland
authors.forename: Barbra A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jaoko
authors.forename: Kishorchandra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mandaliya
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Baeten
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Overbaugh
mesh_terms: D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000032:analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000821:virology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D060737:Reproductive Tract Infections / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D014621:Vagina / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D012367:RNA, Viral