title: Evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo protective effects of unfermented and fermented Rhizoma coptidis formulations against lipopolysaccharide insult.
abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can produce endotoxic shock by triggering the systemic inflammatory response. Here, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo protective effects of unfermented and fermented Rhizoma coptidis (RC and FRC, respectively) against LPS-insult. In general, RC suppressed the LPS-induced expression of key inflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Notably, FRC at a 20 μg/ml dose in combination with the probiotic used for fermentation showed more potent in vitro anti-inflammatory activities than that exhibited by the corresponding dose of RC. Moreover, oral treatment with FRC in association with the probiotic, but not oral administration of RC, significantly attenuated blood endotoxin and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and gut permeability, and significantly augmented the intestinal population of Bifodobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in LPS-treated animals. Our results demonstrate the beneficial impact of fermented RC in combination with the associated probiotic in combating LPS-insult both in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Dongguk University Research Institute of Biotechnology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Shambhunath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.forename: Songhee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Taewoong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eom
authors.forename: Mi-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hojun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D039323:Coptis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D005285:Fermentation; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007934:Leuconostoc / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts