title: Anti-atherogenic effects of a phenol-rich fraction from Brazilian red wine (Vitis labrusca L.) in hypercholesterolemic low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice.
abstract: Moderate wine intake (i.e., 1-2 glasses of wine a day) is associated with a reduced risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic effects of a nonalcoholic ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) from a South Brazilian red wine obtained from Vitis labrusca grapes. Experiments were carried out on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor knockout (LDLr⁻/⁻) mice, which were subjected to a hypercholesterolemic diet and treated with doses of EAF (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. At the end of the treatment, the level of plasma lipids, the vascular reactivity, and the atherosclerotic lesions were evaluated. Our results demonstrated that the treatment with EAF at 3 mg/kg significantly decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL plus very low-density lipoprotein levels compared with control hypercholesterolemic mice. The treatment of mice with EAF at 3 mg/kg also preserved the vasodilatation induced by acetylcholine on isolated thoracic aorta from hypercholesterolemic LDLr⁻/⁻ mice. This result is in agreement with the degree of lipid deposit on arteries. Taken together, the results show for the first time that the lowest concentration of an EAF obtained from a red wine produced in southern Brazil significantly reduced the progression of atherosclerosis in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. marianaappel@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mariana Appel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hort
authors.forename: Elke Zuleika
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Schuldt
authors.forename: Angela Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bet
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DalBó
authors.forename: Jarbas Mota
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ianssen
authors.forename: Fátima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abatepaulo
authors.forename: Heraldo Possolo
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Veleirinho
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maraschin
authors.forename: Rosa Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ribeiro-do-Valle
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001938:Brazil; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D023421:Models, Animal; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D010636:Phenols; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C007650:ethyl acetate