title: Private and public decisions in social dilemmas: evidence from children's behavior.
abstract: Are selfish impulses less likely to be pursued when decisions are publicly observable? Is the presence of peers a potential solution to social dilemmas? In this paper we report data on the self-control decisions of children aged 6 to 11 who participated in games that require one to resist a selfish impulse for several minutes in order to benefit others. In Public Condition children make decisions in public view of the group of other participants, while in Private Condition they have the possibility to decide privately. We find that children aged 9 and higher are better able to resist selfish impulses in public environments. Younger children, however, display no such effect. Further, we find self-control substantially impacted by group size. When decisions are public, self-control is better in larger groups, while in private condition the opposite holds.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Center for Economic Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America. dhouser@gmu.edu
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Houser
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Montinari
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piovesan
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005717:Games, Experimental; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012929:Psychological Distance; D012925:Social Conformity