title: A cross-sectional study of Taenia solium in a multiple taeniid-endemic region reveals competition may be protective.
abstract: We conducted cross-sectional surveys for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans, pigs, and dogs in four northern provinces of Laos. Human cysticercosis and taeniasis prevalence was 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4-3.0%) and 8.4% (95% CI = 6.9-9.9%), respectively. Eating uncooked beef, being male, province of residence, age, and ethnicity were significant risk factors for taeniasis and only province of residence was a significant risk factor for cystiercosis. Thirty-five human tapeworms were recovered during the survey and 33 (94.3%) and 2 (5.7%) were identified as Taenia saginata and T. solium, respectively. Maximum-likelihood adjusted prevalence of T. solium and T. hydatigena in pigs was 4.2% (95% CI = 0.5-7.9%) and 55.9% (95% CI = 47.5-64.3%), respectively, and T. hydatigena taeniasis in dogs was 4.8% (95% CI = 0.0-11.3%). Taenia hydatigena and T. saginata were the most prevalent taeniids in the respective pig and human populations and together may suppress T. solium transmission.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia. james.conlan@foodstandards.gov.au
authors.forename: James V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Conlan
authors.forename: Khamphouth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vongxay
authors.forename: Boualam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Khamlome
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dorny
authors.forename: Banchob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sripa
authors.forename: Aileen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elliot
authors.forename: Stuart D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Blacksell
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fenwick
authors.forename: R C Andrew
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003551:Cysticercosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004285:Dogs; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007812:Laos / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013552:Swine; D041201:Taenia solium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055815:Young Adult; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D018509:DNA, Helminth