title: A longitudinal examination of the relationships between childhood maltreatment and patterns of adolescent substance use among high-risk adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Childhood maltreatment has been linked to adolescent substance use in cross-sectional studies but the studies were unable to test the associations between childhood maltreatment and changes in substance use patterns during adolescence. The present study investigated the linkages between exposure to childhood maltreatment and developmental trends of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, opioid, and hallucinogen use among high-risk adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a sample of 937 adolescents (mean age: 15.9 years; range: 13-18), who were selected from five publicly-funded service systems, to examine the extent to which childhood maltreatment may influence changes in patterns of adolescent substance use over time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The present study identified a 3-class model of adolescent substance use. Mover-stayer latent transition analyses (LTA) indicated that progression toward heavy polysubstance use increased with experience of childhood maltreatment. Findings also suggested that older male adolescents (ages 15-18) who are involved with public service systems are at high risk for developing and maintaining multiple-substance use in adolescence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experience of childhood maltreatment is associated with problematic patterns of adolescent substance use and may shape the longitudinal course of substance use during adolescence.
authors.affiliation: Boston University School of Social Work, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. hshin@bu.edu
authors.forename: Sunny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hyucksun Shin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002669:Child Welfare / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012737:Sex Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires