title: Effect of a warming device on contact lens case contamination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effectiveness of heating contact lens cases after disinfection on reducing microbial contamination.
  
  
  METHODS
  One strain each of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (071) and Staphylococcus aureus (31) were used to set up robust biofilms in polypropylene contact lens cases. The effect of dilutions (from 1:10 to 1:1000) of trypticase soy broth (TSB) in phosphate-buffered saline and incubation time (24 to 48h) on the ability of strains to from biofilms with high levels of bacteria were first examined. Then the effect of increasing the temperature of incubation (from 14°C to 60°C) of biofilms during drying was examined. In the final set of experiments, biofilms of strains were subjected to heating in a warming device set to deliver 60°C for 3 hours, and the effect of this temperature after disinfection with a multipurpose disinfecting solution (MPDS; containing polyquat and Aldox) was examined by culturing the number of viable bacterial cells remaining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A dilution of 1:100 TSB for S. aureus 31 and 1:1000 TSB for P. aeruginosa 071 together with an incubation time of 24 hours gave high numbers of viable cells of these 2 strains adhered to the contact lens cases. Having established the biofilms of bacteria, heating these to 60°C for 3 hours resulted in significant reductions in the number of viable cells that could be cultured (1 log reduction for S. aureus 31, P=0.0003; 3.5 log reduction for P. aeruginosa 071, P=0.002). Exposing the biofilms of cells to a disinfection cycle (6h at ambient temperature) in the presence of the MPDS and air drying at ambient temperature resulted in 2441±1237 colony-forming units/lens well for S. aureus 31 and 7401±4374 colony-forming units/lens well for P. aeruginosa 071. Increasing the drying temperature to 60°C resulted in zero viable cells (i.e., ≥4log reduction) for either bacterial type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a warming device for contact lens cases after a disinfection cycle with an MPDS during drying for 3 hours results in substantial kill of biofilms of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus that have been formed in the wells of the cases.
authors.affiliation: Brien Holden Vision Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. m.willcox@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: Mark D P
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Willcox
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ajay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Vijay
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D018639:Contact Lens Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000382:microbiology*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000517:prevention & control; D006358:Hot Temperature; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D018639:Contact Lens Solutions; D004202:Disinfectants