title: The influence of gastric emptying kinetics on the drug release from enteric coated pellets in fasted state: an in vitro/in vivo correlation.
abstract: The absorption and bioavailability of drugs can be substantially affected by the transit of dosage forms through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gastric emptying is one of the most critical parameters contributing to this inter- and intra-individual GI transit variability. It is especially important for the delayed release dosage forms whose release depends on the local environment and begins when the dosage form passes pylorus and comes into contact with higher pH medium in small intestine. The purpose of our research work was to predict the in vivo dissolution from enteric coated pellets for population and establish a good in vitro/in vivo correlation (IVIVC) with mean in vivo absorption profiles, obtained in a pharmacokinetic study under fasting conditions. The dissolution tests were carried out on a USP 4 - flow-through cell with enteric coated pellets containing an acid-labile drug and formulated as orodispersible tablets. Using several residence times in an acidic medium, we simulated the gastric emptying of the pellets and the exposure of different fractions of the pellets to the gastric medium for different periods of time. The amount of drug released decreased with the increasing time of exposure to the acidic medium due to the drug's degradation. The mean in vivo dissolution profiles, which were predicted on the basis of experimentally determined dissolution profiles and mathematical model of pellets' gastric emptying, gave a very good IVIVC with the mean in vivo absorption profiles.
authors.affiliation: KRKA d.d., Novo mesto, Slovenia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefanič
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Locatelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vrečer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mrhar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bogataj
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D013607:Tablets