title: Influence of lifestyle factors on inflammation in men and women with type 2 diabetes: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 2 diabetes is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation, increasing the risk for various adverse health outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to investigate the association between C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker for systemic inflammation, and lifestyle factors in a national sample of people with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study analyzed data from 1,086 men and women with diabetes, who completed the 1999-2004 NHANES. Lifestyle factors included diet quality, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and physical activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stratified logistic regression showed that for both men and women, BMI was a strong predictor of elevated CRP after adjusting for age, energy intake, race/ethnicity, medications, diabetes duration, and glycosylated hemoglobin. However, among men, but not among women, the likelihood of elevated CRP increased with lower diet quality and physical inactivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among people with type 2 diabetes, higher levels of CRP were associated with lower diet quality and physical inactivity among men, and with obesity among both men and women.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Behavior Research, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63108, USA. sjarvand@dom.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Soghra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jarvandi
authors.forename: Nicholas O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Donna B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Jeffe
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schootman
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein