title: Cannabidiol treatment ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion renal injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the protective effect of cannabidiol, the major non-psychotropic Cannabis constituent, against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral renal ischemia was induced for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 24h. Cannabidiol (5mg/kg, i.v.) was given 1h before and 12h following the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ischemia/reperfusion caused significant elevations of serum creatinine and renal malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, associated with a significant decrease in renal reduced glutathione. Cannabidiol significantly attenuated the deterioration in the measured biochemical parameters induced by ischemia/reperfusion. Histopathological examination showed that cannabidiol ameliorated ischemia/reperfusion-induced kidney damage. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that cannabidiol significantly reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, nuclear factor-κB, Fas ligand and caspase-3, and increased the expression of survivin in ischemic/reperfused kidney tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cannabidiol, via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may represent a potential therapeutic option to protect against ischemia/reperfusion renal injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. amrfouad65@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Amr A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fouad
authors.forename: Abdulruhman S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al-Mulhim
authors.forename: Iyad
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jresat
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002185:Cannabidiol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D002185:Cannabidiol; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003404:Creatinine