title: Neuromodulation for voiding dysfunction and fecal incontinence: a urology perspective.
abstract: Neuromodulation is an effective, minimally invasive technique for the management of urinary urgency and frequency, urgency incontinence, nonobstructive urinary retention, and fecal incontinence. This article reviews the physiology of neuromodulation, indications, implantation methods, and outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fulton
authors.forename: Kenneth M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D058542:Implantable Neurostimulators; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods