title: Infection control knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Effective implementation of infection control programs and adherence to standard precautions are challenging in resource-limited settings. The objective of this study was to describe infection control knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Uganda.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a survey of hospital employees who had direct contact with patients or their immediate environment. We also performed an environmental assessment of resource availability and utilization within hospital wards.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical, medicine, and obstetrics wards at a national referral hospital in Kampala, Uganda.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighty-three randomly selected HCWs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost all HCWs knew to wash their hands, although nursing and support staff were less likely to perceive that HCWs' hands can be a vector of disease transmission. Hand washing was valued more as a means of self-protection than as a means to prevent patient-to-patient transmission, consistent with the prevailing belief that infection control was important for occupational safety. Sinks were not readily accessible, and soap at sinks was uncommon throughout the medicine and obstetrics wards but more commonly available in the surgery wards. Alcohol gel was rarely available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changing infection control practices in developing countries will require a multifaceted approach that addresses resource availability, occupational safety, and local understanding and attitudes about infection control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. aksethi@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Ajay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Acher
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kirenga
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mead
authors.forename: Curtis J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Donskey
authors.forename: Achilles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katamba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003906:Developing Countries; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006295:Health Resources / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000600:supply & distribution; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D014454:Uganda