title: A prospective randomized trial comparing the efficacy of Letrozole and Clomiphene citrate in induction of ovulation in polycystic ovarian syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of letrozole and clomiphene citrate (CC) in patients of anovulatory polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with infertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective randomized clinical trial included 204 patients of PCOS. 98 patients (294 cycles) received 2.5-5 mg of letrozole; 106 patients (318 cycles) received 50-100 mg of CC (both orally from Days 3-7 of menstrual cycle). The treatment continued for three cycles in both the groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  ovulation rate, endometrial thickness, and pregnancy rate. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 13 software. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean number of dominant follicles in letrozole groups and CC groups was 1.86±0.26 and 1.92±0.17, respectively (P=0.126). Number of ovulatory cycle in letrozole group was 196 (66.6%) versus 216 (67.9%) in CC group (P=0.712). The mean mid-cycle endometrial thickness was 9.1±0.3 mm in letrozole group and 6.3±1.1 in CC group, which was statistically significant (P=0.014). The mean Estradiol [E2] level in clomiphene citrate group was significantly higher in CC group (364.2±71.4 pg/mL) than letrozole group (248.2± 42.2 pg/mL). 43 patients from the letrozole group (43.8%) and 28 patients from the CC group (26.4%) became pregnant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Letrozole and CC have comparable ovulation rate. The effect of letrozole showed a better endometrial response and pregnancy rate compared with CC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kallol Kumar
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Jinee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baruah
authors.forename: Shilpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singla
authors.forename: Jai Bhagwan
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Neeta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Sunesh Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goyal