title: The efficacy of adding dexketoprofen trometamol to tramadol with patient controlled analgesia technique in post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy pain treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pain treatment in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is performed in increasing numbers as an ambulatory procedure, is an important issue.Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is regarded as an ambulatory procedure, patients are often hospitalized due to pain and this increases opioid consumption and side effects caused by opioids. This study aims at evaluating the efficacy of adding dexketoprofen trometamol to tramadol with patient controlled analgesia (PCA) in postlaparoscopic cholecystectomy pain treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 patients in ASA I-II risk groups aged between 18-65 years were enrolled in the study and were randomized using closed envelope method. In Group TD 600 mg tramadol and 100 mg dexketoprofen trometamol, in Group T 600 mg tramadol was added to 100 ml 0.9% normal saline for PCA. 8 mg lornoxicam iv was given if VAS >40 in the postoperative period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant difference in terms of adverse effects (hypotension, bradycardia, sedation) but in Group T 4 patients complained of nausea and 3 complained of vomiting. Opioid consumption was lower and patient satisfaction was higher in group TD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has shown that adding dexketoprofen trometamol to tramadol in patient controlled analgesia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy lowers VAS scores, increases patient satisfaction and decreases opioid consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, Dr. Ridvan Ege Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. erdogduperi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Perihan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ekmekçi
authors.forename: Züleyha
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kazak Bengisun
authors.forename: Baturay Kansu
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kazbek
authors.forename: Salih Erpulat
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Öziş
authors.forename: Huri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taştan
authors.forename: Arif Hikmet
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Süer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014147:Tramadol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D014325:Tromethamine; D014147:Tramadol; D007660:Ketoprofen; C118296:dexketoprofen trometamol