title: Evaluation of weight loss and adipocytokines levels after two hypocaloric diets with different macronutrient distribution in obese subjects with rs9939609 gene variant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Common polymorphisms of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) have been linked to obesity in some populations. One of these genetic variants (rs9939609) has been related to an increased risk of obesity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to evaluate weight loss and adipocytokine levels after two hypocaloric diets with different macronutrient distribution in obese subjects with RS9939609 gene variant.
  
  
  METHODS
  305 obese patients were enrolled in a prospective way. In the basal visit, patients were randomly allocated during 3 months to low carbohydrates and low fat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After treatment with both diets and in both genotypes, weight, fat mass, waist circumference and systolic blood pressures decreased. With the diet type I and in TT genotype, insulin (-6.6 ± 9.8 IU/L) and homeostasis model assessment (-2.9 ± 6.1 units) decreased. With the diet type II and in both genotypes (wild and mutant type), insulin (-5.2 ± 6.1 vs. -3.8 ± 6.1 IU/L; p < 0.05) and homeostasis model assessment (-2.4 ± 4.8 vs. -1.1 ± 3.8 kg; p < 0.05) decreased. In the A allele group, a significant decrease was detected in total cholesterol levels (-11.5 ± 20.1 mg/dL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (-13.2 ± 20.9 mg/dL) and c-reactive protein levels (-1.3 ± 3.8 mg/dL) secondary to weight loss after treatment with diet II. The decrease of leptin levels was higher in mutant type group than wild type group with low fat diet (-10.3 ± 36.1 vs. -28.6 ± 53.7 ng/mL; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metabolic improvement secondary to weight loss was better in A carriers with a low fat hypocaloric diet.
authors.affiliation: Center of Investigation of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Unit of Investigation, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain. dadluis@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Daniel Antonio
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: de Luis
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aller
authors.forename: Olatz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Izaola
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Conde
authors.forename: Manuel Gonzalez
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Sagrado
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Primo
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D011506:Proteins; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human