title: Relative validity of a 3 d estimated food record in German toddlers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relative validity of a 3 d estimated food record (EFR) used to assess energy and nutrient intakes in toddlers, using a 3 d weighed food record (WDR) as the reference method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents reported the food and beverage intakes of their children using an EFR concurrently with a WDR over three consecutive days. Estimation of mean differences, Spearman correlation coefficients, cross-classifications and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between the intakes of energy and fourteen nutrients obtained from the EFR and the WDR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data obtained from a representative sample of infants or toddlers in Germany.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-seven toddlers aged 10-36 months who had completed an EFR for a 3 d recording period that corresponded to the WDR were included in the present analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Energy and nutrient intakes did not differ between the EFR and the WDR, except for linoleic acid and retinol. For all dietary intakes, Spearman rank correlation coefficients between the EFR and the WDR ranged from 0·35 to 0·80 (P ≤ 0·004). The proportion of participants correctly classified into quartiles ranged from 75 % for ascorbic acid intake to 96 % for Fe intake, and the percentage of misclassification was 9 % or less. The weighed κ values ranking the participants ranged from 0·23 for ascorbic acid intake to 0·59 for Fe intake. The Bland-Altman plots indicated a good agreement for all dietary intakes estimated from the EFR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that this EFR is a valid assessment instrument for estimating the energy and nutrient intakes among toddlers at the group level.
authors.affiliation: FKE, Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Heinstueck 11, D-44225 Dortmund, Germany. cheng@fke-do.de
authors.forename: Guo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Annett
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hilbig
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drossard
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Alexy
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kersting
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001628:Beverages; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004034:Diet Surveys; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016014:Linear Models; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D019266:Iron, Dietary; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D001205:Ascorbic Acid