title: Inactivated virus vaccines from chemistry to prophylaxis: merits, risks and challenges.
abstract: The aim of this review is to make researchers aware of the benefits of an efficient quality control system for prediction of a developed vaccine's efficacy. Two major goals should be addressed when inactivating a virus for vaccine purposes: first, the infectious virus should be inactivated completely in order to be safe, and second, the viral epitopes important for the induction of protective immunity should be conserved after inactivation in order to have an antigen of high quality. Therefore, some problems associated with the virus inactivation process, such as virus aggregate formation, protein crosslinking, protein denaturation and degradation should be addressed before testing an inactivated vaccine in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Delrue
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Verzele
authors.forename: Annemieke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Madder
authors.forename: Hans J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Nauwynck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D011786:Quality Control; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D038301:Virus Inactivation; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines