title: Nanosurface design of dental implants for improved cell growth and function.
abstract: A  strategy was proposed for the topological design of dental implants based on an in vitro survey of optimized nanodot structures. An in vitro survey was performed using nanodot arrays with dot diameters ranging from 10 to 200 nm. MG63 osteoblasts were seeded on nanodot arrays and cultured for 3 days. Cell number, percentage undergoing apoptotic-like cell death, cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization were evaluated. Nanodots with a diameter of approximately 50 nm enhanced cell number by 44%, minimized apoptotic-like cell death to 2.7%, promoted a 30% increase in microfilament bundles and maximized cell adhesion with a 73% increase in focal adhesions. An enhancement of about 50% in mineralization was observed, determined by von Kossa staining and by Alizarin Red S staining. Therefore, we provide a complete range of nanosurfaces for growing osteoblasts to discriminate their nanoscale environment. Nanodot arrays present an opportunity to positively and negatively modulate cell behavior and maturation. Our results suggest a topological approach which is beneficial for the design of dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program for Nanotechnology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hsu-An
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yao-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Jin-Chern
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.forename: Shih-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Hsin-Hung
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: G Steven
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects; D015921:Dental Implants; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D010710:Phosphates; D002118:Calcium