title: Cultivation of Chlorella zofingiensis in bench-scale outdoor ponds by regulation of pH using dairy wastewater in winter, South China.
abstract: Cultivation of Chlorella zofingiensis and nutrients removal in dairy wastewater were investigated in bench-scale outdoor ponds in winter, South China. The impacts of the two types of pH regulations, 5 ≈ 6% CO(2) and acetic acid (HAc) on this process were studied. After 6 days cultivation, the removal rates of total nitrogen (TN) and orthophosphate (PO(4)(3-)) using CO(2) regulation were better than those using HAc. The removal rates of PO(4)(3-) and TN were 97.5% and 51.7%, respectively using CO(2) regulation; 79.6% (TN) and 42.0% (PO(4)(3-)) were obtained using HAc regulation. Higher biomass, protein, sugar content, and stable pH control were found using CO(2) regulation. However, significantly higher lipid content (31.8%) was observed using HAc regulation. The dominant differences of fatty acids were the content of C18:1 and C18:3. The growth characteristics and environmental conditions especially during the typical logarithmic phase were also analyzed.
authors.affiliation: Bioenergy Engineering and Low Carbon Technology Laboratory, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Shuhao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Zhongming
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shunni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Weizheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Renjie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Zhenhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002681:China; D002708:Chlorella / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development*; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D017440:Photoperiod; D012621:Seasons; D013696:Temperature; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D062065:Wastewater / Q000737:chemistry*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000596:Amino Acids; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009584:Nitrogen; D010710:Phosphates; D062065:Wastewater; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid