title: Graphic aids for calculation of fluid resuscitation requirements in pediatric burns.
abstract: The Parkland formula is currently the most widely used protocol to guide fluid resuscitation of acute burns and has been adapted for pediatric use. We describe 3 novel graphic devices (a nomogram, slide rule, and disc calculator) based on this formula, which have significant advantages over existing graphic and electronic devices. The robust low-cost graphic devices would be particularly suited to developing countries and difficult locations, but could be used as the primary means of calculation in any environment. If a computer or calculator is used as the primary means of calculation, the graphic devices provide a simple and rapid means of checking and preventing errors that may arise because of inadvertent mis-keying of data or incorrect application of the pediatric Parkland formula.
authors.affiliation: Welsh Centre for Burns, ABMU NHS Trust, Swansea, UK. davidjwilliams@doctors.org.uk.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Doerfler
mesh_terms: D002056:Burns / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008433:Mathematics; D049451:Nomograms; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*