title: Endoscopic technique for sagittal synostosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to present a 16-year experience of treating sagittal synostosis with endoscopic-assisted techniques and postoperative cranial orthotic therapy. In 1996, we introduced the use of endoscopes for the management of sagittal synostosis in four young infants. During the subsequent years, we have treated a total of 256 patients with great success and long-term follow-up. Presented herein are the techniques and results of such clinical experience.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 256 patients with sagittal synostosis have been treated between May 1996 and April 2012. There were 187 males and 69 females. Mean age at time of surgery was 3.9 months. A wide-vertex craniectomy with bilateral barrel stave osteotomies of the temporal and parietal bones using small scalp incisions and endoscopic viewing techniques was performed. Instruments have been developed to assist with the operation. All patients were placed in postoperative molding cranial orthosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean estimated blood loss was 27 cc. Mean transfusion rate was 7 %. Mean surgical time was 57 min. Mean length of stay was 1.1 days. Using cephalic index (CI) as an anthropometric measurement to judge head shape, our results were classified as excellent (CI>80), good (CI 80-70), or poor (CI<70). A total of 87 % were classified as excellent, 9 % as good, and 4 % as poor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic-assisted management of sagittal synostosis is a safe, efficacious, and excellent option for treating this condition with long-lasting, superb results. It is associated with minimal morbidity and complications and improved results over traditional procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. jimenezd3@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: Constance M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Barone
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000601:surgery; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome