title: Small molecule-assisted, line-independent maintenance of human pluripotent stem cells in defined conditions.
abstract: Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are conventionally grown in a mouse feeder cell-dependent manner. Chemically defined culture conditions are, however, desirable not only for potential medically oriented applications but also for investigating mechanisms of self-renewal and differentiation. In light of the rather high complexity and cost of existing defined hPSC culture systems, we have systematically evaluated over 20 potential media ingredients. Only components that reproducibly gave beneficial effects were ultimately combined to yield a simple and cost-effective formulation termed FTDA. This xeno-free medium is based on mimicking self-renewal factor activities present in mouse embryonic fibroblast-conditioned medium, at minimal dosages. Additionally, small molecule inhibitors of BMP and WNT signaling served to specifically suppress typical types of spontaneous differentiation seen in hPSC cultures. FTDA medium was suitable for the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells and enabled robust long-term maintenance of diverse hPSC lines including hard-to-grow ones. Comparisons with existing defined media suggested reduced spontaneous differentiation rates in FTDA. Our results imply that using supportive factors at minimal concentrations may still promote robust self-renewal and preserve pluripotency of hPSCs.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Miao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hans R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Schöler
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Greber
mesh_terms: D028341:Activins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D051153:Wnt Proteins; C422405:activin A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D028341:Activins