title: Insecticide-treated plastic sheeting for emergency malaria prevention and shelter among displaced populations: an observational cohort study in a refugee setting in Sierra Leone.
abstract: A double-blind phase III malaria prevention trial was conducted in two refugee camps using pre-manufactured insecticide-treated plastic sheeting (ITPS) or untreated polyethylene sheeting (UPS) randomly deployed to defined sectors of each camp. In Largo camp the ITPS or UPS was attached to inner walls and ceilings of shelters, whereas in Tobanda the ITPS or UPS was used to line only the ceiling and roof. In Largo the Plasmodium falciparum incidence rate in children up to 3 years of age who were cleared of parasites and monitored for 8 months was 163/100 person-years under UPS and 63 under ITPS (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33-0.47). In Tobanda incidence was 157/100 person-years under UPS and 134 under ITPS (AOR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.75-0.95). Protective efficacy was 61% under fully lined ITPS and 15% under roof lined ITPS. Anemia rates improved under ITPS in both camps. This novel tool proved to be a convenient, safe, and long-lasting method of malaria control when used as a full shelter lining in an emergency setting.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: N'Guessan
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.forename: Arlyne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beeche
authors.forename: Stefani Sesler
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Sarian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamara
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Takken
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carnevale
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Allan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007306:Insecticides; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009570:Nitriles; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000254:growth & development*; D020959:Polyethylene; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012036:Refugees; D012807:Sierra Leone / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin; D020959:Polyethylene