title: Immunomodulatory properties of the protein fraction from Phorphyra columbina.
abstract: The phycobiliproteins from  Rhodophyta , R-phycoerythrin (R-PE) and C-phycocyanin (C-PC), have been shown to exert immunomodulatory effects. This study evaluated the effects of a  Phorphyra columbina  protein fraction (PF) and R-PE and C-PC on rat primary splenocytes, macrophages, and T-lymphocytes in vitro. PF featured various protein species, including R-PE and C-PC. PF showed mitogenic effects on rat splenocytes and was nontoxic to cells except at 1 g L(-1) protein. IL-10 secretion was enhanced by PF in rat splenocytes, macrophages, and especially T-lymphocytes, whereas it was markedly diminished by R-PE and C-PC. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages was inhibited. The effect of PF on IL-10 was evoked by JNK/p38 MAPK and NF-κB-dependent pathways in macrophages and T-lymphocytes. It was concluded that PF has immunomodulatory effects on macrophages and lymphocytes that appear to be predominantly anti-inflammatory via up-regulated IL-10 production and cannot be accounted for by R-PE and C-PC.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 1° de Mayo 3250, (3000) Santa Fe, Argentina. rec_704@yahoo.com.ar
authors.forename: Raúl E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Cian
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López-Posadas
authors.forename: Silvina R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Drago
authors.forename: Fermín Sánchez
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: de Medina
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Martínez-Augustin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D052979:Phycobiliproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010799:Phycoerythrin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008934:Mitogens; D016328:NF-kappa B; D052979:Phycobiliproteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D010798:Phycocyanin; D010799:Phycoerythrin; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases