title: Arachidonic acid: a bridge between traumatic brain injury and fracture healing.
abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with enhanced osteogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of serum from TBI rats on fracture healing. Results from this study showed that the serum from TBI rats enhanced the expression of bone gamma carboxyglutamate protein (BGLAP), and promoted in vitro proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells, a mouse osteoblastic cell line. Furthermore, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) coupled with multivariate statistical analysis was used to identify the changes in global serum metabolites after TBI. We found that arachidonic acid (AA) was significantly enhanced in serum metabolites in TBI subjects, while hydroxybutyric acid, leucine, malic acid, 5-oxyproline, isocitric acid, mannose, and uric acid were reduced. Finally, we examined the effects of AA on BGLAP expression and cell proliferation in MC3T3-E1 cells. We found that BGLAP expression and proliferation of osteoblasts were positively regulated in the presence of AA. These findings suggest that the increased AA in serum after TBI may play a key role in enhancing the speed of fracture healing.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Proteomics and Department of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Que
authors.forename: Changqiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shaojun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D015055:1-Carboxyglutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020127:Recovery of Function; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D014462:Ultrafiltration
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D015055:1-Carboxyglutamic Acid