title: [Preventive effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on multiple organ edema in the rats of limb ischemia/reperfusion].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the preventive effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) on multiple organ edema in the rats which suffered from hind limb ischemia/reperfusion( LI/R).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty four Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 8): control group (C group), ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group ), Salvia miltiorrhiza group (SM group). Referring to Tourniquet method, the model rats which underwent 4 hours ischemia and 4 hours reperfusion of hind limbs were made. Thirty minutes before reperfusion, SM was given to the rats in SM group by tail vein injection at the dose of 5 mL/kg. Accurately weighed one gram of heart, liver, kidney, lung, brain, intestine and skeletal muscle from every animals, weigh these specimens after baking (60 degrees C, 55 hours), calculated the ratio of wet and dry (Wet/Dry,W/D). The levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1) ,interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in plasma and the contents of Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were measured. The morphologic changes of skeletal muscle were observed with microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that after suffering from ischemia/reperfusion, the W/D of every specimens increased in different degree (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). In plasma, the values of SOD decreased but MDA increased obviously (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The levels of IL-1, IL-6 ,TNF-alpha-a in plasma increased (P < 0.05, P <0.01). After LI/R, infiltration of inflammatory cells, broaden interstitial around muscle fiber and disordered arrangement of muscle fibers could be seen under microscope. However, Compared with LI/R group, W/D and levels of serum inflammatory factors in SM group were all lower, the values of SOD in plasma increased but MDA in plasma failed down. Pathological changes in skeletal muscle were improved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Limb ischemia/reperfusion can lead to multiple organ edema, Salvia miltiorrhiza can prevent the edema in some degree by anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Hebei United University, Tangshan, China. zhaolijun75@yahoo.co.cn
authors.forename: Li-jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiu-li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Men
authors.forename: Xiao-yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Hong-jie
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Lian-yuan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase