title: Influence of concentration, time and method of application of citric acid and sodium citrate in root conditioning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to establish the parameters of concentration, time and mode of application of citric acid and sodium citrate in relation to root conditioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 495 samples were obtained and equally distributed among 11 groups (5 for testing different concentrations of citric acid, 5 for testing different concentrations of sodium citrate and 1 control group). After laboratorial processing, the samples were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy. A previously calibrated and blind examiner evaluated micrographs of the samples. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed to analyze the data obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Brushing 25% citric acid for 3 min, promoted greater exposure of collagen fibers in comparison with the brushing of 1% citric acid for 1 minute and its topical application at 1% for 3 min. Sodium citrate exposed collagen fibers in a few number of samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the lack of statistical significance, better results for collagen exposure were obtained with brushing application of 25% citric acid for 3 min than with other application parameter. Sodium citrate produced a few number of samples with collagen exposure, so it is not indicated for root conditioning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Surgery, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cavassim
authors.forename: Fábio Renato Manzolli
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Daniela Leal
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Zandim
authors.forename: Andrea Abi Rached
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Dantas
authors.forename: Ricardo Samih Georges Abi
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rached
authors.forename: José Eduardo Cezar
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sampaio
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D002951:Citrates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D003094:Collagen / Q000187:drug effects; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016369:Smear Layer; D000077559:Sodium Citrate; D013997:Time Factors; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D002951:Citrates; D000077559:Sodium Citrate; D019343:Citric Acid; D003094:Collagen