title: Genitourinary symptoms in patients with adenomyosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adenomyosis causes problems in women, including dysmenorrhea and abnormally heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding; however, its etiology is unknown. We hypothesized that urinary symptoms are frequent in patients with adenomyosis and that they affect the patients' quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a pilot study from September 2011 to December 2011. Ninety-one patients with an ultrasound diagnosis of uterine adenomyosis comprised the study group (adenomyosis group). Ninety-four women with a normal-appearing uterine myometrium on ultrasound comprised the control group. Patients filled out two validated questionnaires, the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) and the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7). Patients also underwent a pelvic examination and urinary symptoms were recorded. Groups were compared using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of urinary symptoms was significantly higher in the adenomyosis group than in the control group (P = 0.0001), including stress urinary incontinence, urgency, daytime frequency, urge urinary incontinence, and dyspareunia. Total UDI scores were significantly higher in the adenomyosis group than those in the control group (P < 0.0001), as were IIQ scores of questions regarding social relations (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that urinary tract dysfunction is associated with adenomyosis and that urinary symptoms may affect patients' quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital, Tevfik Sağlam Street, No: 11, Zuhuratbaba, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ekin
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cengiz
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yaşar
mesh_terms: D062788:Adenomyosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000523:psychology; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D052776:Female Urogenital Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009215:Myometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D014566:Urogenital System / Q000503:physiopathology*