title: Inheritance of grain polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity in multiple wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genetic backgrounds.
abstract: Grain polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity can cause discoloration of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) food products. Five crosses (PI 117635/Antelope; Fielder/NW03681; Fielder/Antelope; NW07OR1070/Antelope; NW07OR1066/OR2050272H) were selected to study the genetic inheritance of PPO activity. STS markers, PPO18, PPO29 and STS01, were used to identify lines with putative alleles at the Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 loci conditioning low or high PPO activity. ANOVA showed significant genotypic effects on PPO activity (P < 0.0001) in all populations. The generations and generation × genotype effects were not significant in any population. A putative third (null) genotype at Ppo-A1 (no PCR fragments for PPO18) was discovered in NW07OR1066 and NW07OR1070 derived populations, and these had the lowest mean PPO activities. Results demonstrated that both Ppo-A1 and Ppo-D1 loci affect the kernel PPO activity, but the Ppo-A1 has the major effect. In three populations, contrary results were observed to those predicted from previous work with Ppo-D1 alleles, suggesting the markers for Ppo-D1 allele might give erroneous results in some genetic backgrounds or lineages. Results suggest that selection for low or null alleles only at Ppo-A1 might allow development of low PPO wheat cultivars.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
authors.forename: Somrudee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nilthong
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Graybosch
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Baenziger
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001947:Breeding; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000235:genetics; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D040582:Inheritance Patterns / Q000235:genetics*; D012639:Seeds / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D014908:Triticum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D005819:Genetic Markers; D004156:Catechol Oxidase