title: The effect of cypermethrin on different tissues of freshwater fish Tilapia mossambica (Perters).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems mankind is facing in this century. Arthropods and fish are highly sensitive to synthetic pyrethroids. In this article, we describe the acute toxicity, free amino acid level and protease activity in the tissues of freshwater fish when exposed to cypermethrin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acute toxicity of cypermethrin to the freshwater fish Tilapia mossambica was studied using a static bioassay method. The effect of cypermethrin on free amino acid and protease activity in tissues of gills, liver and muscle of freshwater fish Tilapia mossambica was also studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LC50 in 96 h was found to be 35.6 μg/L. Free amino acid levels and protease activity showed an elevation following exposure to lethal and sub lethal doses of cypermethrin. A significant change was noticed on day 4 increase. However, normal condition was restored only in sub lethal concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study clearly shows significant changes in the Tilapia mossambica when exposed to a low quantity of cypermethrin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Shivaji University, Chandgad, India. drmsprashant@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mahanthinamatha Shankaraiah
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Prashanth
authors.forename: Ningappa Changond
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Hiragond
authors.forename: Kedari Nanasaheb
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Nikam
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D017210:Tilapia / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C017160:cypermethrin; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases