title: Health among Swedish employees and financial situation, education, and managerial responsibility: a longitudinal study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study is part of a 3-year longitudinal study on work and health among employees in the public sector in Sweden. The aim was to study associations between self-rated health (SRH) and financial situation, education, and managerial responsibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 9003 employees, 7533 answered the baseline questionnaires (84%). Altogether 9373 subjects received the follow-up questionnaire, and 6617 subjects responded (71%). In total 4240 completed the questionnaire on both occasions, and this group comprised the study population. SRH consisted of the response to a single question: 'In general, would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, poor, or very poor?' The health was investigated in terms of the development of health status in the 3-year follow-up. The exposure factors were: financial situation, education, and managerial responsibility. Odds ratios were analysed using logistic regressions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Good financial situation and further education were predictors in maintaining good health and in avoiding poor health. The analysis also indicated the following determinants of sustained good SRH: having a good financial situation (OR 1.99 at baseline and OR 1.87 at follow-up), having a further education compared to lower education (OR 1.17 at baseline), and not having a worsening financial situation between baseline and follow-up (OR 0.53).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Financial situation and educational level were important factors that influence the subjective perception of health.
authors.affiliation: Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Akademiska Hospital, Ulleråkersvägen 40, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Roma.Runeson@medsci.uu.se
authors.forename: Roma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Runeson
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vingård
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lampa
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wahlstedt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden