title: Gene expression pattern of human chorion-derived mesenchymal stem cells during adipogenic differentiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify the adipocyte-specific gene expression patterns in chorion-derived mesenchymal stem cells during adipogenic differentiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chorionic cells were isolated from the third trimester chorions from human placenta at birth and identified morphologically and by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. After inducing adipogenic differentiation for 28 days, cells at days 3, 10, 21 and 28 were analyzed by Oil red O staining and RNA extraction in order to assess the expression levels of adipocyte marker genes, including CCAAT-enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor γ (PPARγ), fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) and Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2). Cells not induced for differentiation were compared with the induced cells as a control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chorion-derived cells showed the same pattern as fibroblasts, and expressed CD73, CD105, and CD166 antigens, but not CD45, CD34, and HLA-DR antigens. On day 3 after differentiation, cells began to stain positively upon Oil red O staining, and continuously increased in lipid granules for 4 weeks. The expression level of C/EBPα increased 4.6 fold on day 3 after induction, and continued to increase for 4 weeks. PPARγ was expressed at a maximum of 2.9 fold on day 21. FABP4 and GPD2 were significantly expressed at 4.7- and 3.0-fold, respectively, on day 21, compared to controls, and further increased thereafter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human chorion-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibited the sequential expression pattern of adipocyte marker genes during differentiation, corresponding to adipogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea.
authors.forename: Yeon Hee
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tae Chul
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Guisera
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002823:Chorion / Q000166:cytology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma