[Factors associated with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia].
BACKGROUND
Hypertensive complications in pregnancy are a cause of morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have identified similarities and differences in risk factors of hypertensive complications during pregnancy.


OBJECTIVE
Determine factors associated with gestational hypertension (HTG) and those related to preeclampsia (PEE).


METHODS
Case-control study. We included women who completed pregnancy without complications (n=260) and were diagnosed with HTG (n=65) and PEE (n=65). We excluded patients with gestational or pre-pregnancy diabetes, thyroid disease (hypo and hyperthyroidism), autoimmune diseases (lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis) or diagnosed with heart disease or neuropathy before pregnancy.


RESULTS
There were similarities in the risk factors such as: age over 35 years (OR 8.8, 95% CI 2.91-22.40), previous HTG (OR 64.16 95% CI 13.04-315.57) in case of patients with PEE. But we found a difference in the magnitude of these associations as odds ratios (OR) estimates were higher than in patients with HTG, age over 35 years (OR 3.33, 95% CI 1.03-10.72), and previous HTG (OR 27.27 95% CI 5.60-132.87). First-time pregnant women showed similar associations (OR 3.11 95% CI 1.52-6.38) in case of PEE or HTG (OR 3.14 95% CI 1.65-5.97).


CONCLUSIONS
There are similarities in risk factors: maternal age--35 years, previous gestational hypertension and first-time pregnancy, for the development of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.
Programa de Especialidad en Medicina Familiar, UNAM/IMSS, Unidad de Medicina Familiar Plus 33, Chihuahua, México.
Wendy
W
Guzmán-Juárez
Marina
M
Avila-Esparza
Rosa Emma
RE
Contreras-Solís
Margarita
M
Levario-Carrillo
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000209:etiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult