Ex vivo bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene delivery using bone marrow stem cells in rabbit maxillary sinus augmentation in conjunction with implant placement.
BACKGROUND
This study evaluates the potential of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) gene-transduced bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) to facilitate osseous healing after rabbit maxillary sinus augmentation in conjunction with implant placement.


METHODS
Autologous BMSCs derived from New Zealand white rabbits were cultured and transduced with BMP-2 using an adenovirus vector. Transduced BMSCs (BMP-2/BMSCs) were then combined with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) scaffold. Twenty-seven animals were randomly allocated into three groups: 1) control, sinus grafted with DBBM alone; 2) BMSC, sinus grafted with non-transduced BMSCs and DBBM; and 3) BMP-2/BMSC, sinus grafted with BMP-2/BMSCs and DBBM. During these procedures, a mini-implant was placed in the floor of the sinus. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. New bone area and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) were evaluated histomorphometrically.


RESULTS
At 2 and 4 weeks, the BMP-2/BMSC group showed more new bone area and higher BIC than the other two groups. BMP-2/BMSCs were detected with confocal microscopy for up to 4 weeks, which indicates that transduced cells contributed to new bone formation. However, at 8 weeks, there was no difference in new bone area or BIC among the three groups.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that BMP-2 delivery using BMSCs may result in earlier and increased bone formation in the maxillary sinus. This finding may offer more stable bone support to implants and reduce healing times. However, this study also revealed limitations in the stimulatory effect of BMP-2/BMSCs, such as diminished activity over time in later healing stages.
Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Min-Ju
MJ
Jhin
Kyoung-Hwa
KH
Kim
Su-Hwan
SH
Kim
Young-Sung
YS
Kim
Sung-Tae
ST
Kim
Ki-Tae
KT
Koo
Tae-Il
TI
Kim
Yang-Jo
YJ
Seol
Young
Y
Ku
In-Chul
IC
Rhyu
Yong-Moo
YM
Lee
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D064592:Autografts / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000473:pathology; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014161:Transduction, Genetic / Q000379:methods*
D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2