Heligmosomoides polygyrus: EAE remission is correlated with different systemic cytokine profiles provoked by L4 and adult nematodes.
Primary exposure of mice to gastrointestinal nematode infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus reduces inflammation in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of H. polygyrus L4 larvae and adults infection to reduce the symptoms of ongoing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in female C57Bl/6 mice. EAE was induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOG(p35-55) and after 21 days mice were orally infected with 200 infective larvae (L3) of H. polygyrus. Reduction in EAE symptoms was observed from 2 days post infection and the symptoms were almost completely inhibited at 6 days post infection. This effect was associated with limited total protein content in the cerebrospinal fluid; CSF, and significant decreased pro-inflammatory IL-12p40 concentration and increased concentration of the regulatory cytokines IL-10, TGF-β and IL-6 in the CSF and in the serum. The reduction of EAE symptoms in the enteral phase was associated with higher IL-12p40 concentration in the CSF and very low concentrations of IL-17A and IL-2 in the serum. The fourth stage of gastrointestinal nematode can reverse systemic inflammation in animal models of multiple sclerosis by reducing IL-12 and promoting regulatory cytokines production. The mechanism induced by adult nematodes which sustained EAE inhibition can be provoked by regulatory mechanism connected with reduce IL-17A concentration.
Department of Parasitology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland. zuzia@biol.uw.edu.pl
Katarzyna
K
Donskow-Łysoniewska
Katarzyna
K
Krawczak
Maria
M
Doligalska
D000818:Animals; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009351:Nematospiroides dubius / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017206:Strongylida Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*
D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D016207:Cytokines