Prepubertal testicular and paratesticular tumors in China: a single-center experience over a 10-year period.
OBJECTIVE
Prepubertal testicular tumors are rare and fundamentally distinct from adult testicular tumors. We reviewed our 11-year experience in a single medical center of China.


METHODS
This study reports the clinical characteristics, histopathologic diagnosis, treatment methods, and outcome in a series of 63 prepubertal boys who were treated between 1997 and 2008.


RESULTS
A total of 63 primary prepubertal testicular and paratesticular tumors were identified. The median age at presentation was 11 months. Of these tumors, 27 (42.9%) were mature teratomas, 5 (7.9%) were immature teratomas, 21 (33.3%) were yolk sac tumors, 4 (6.3%) were epidermoid cyst, 2 (3.2%) were Leydig cell tumors, 1 (1.6%) was a mixed malignant germ cell tumor, and 3 (4.8%) were paratesticular tumors. The most common clinical presentation (95.2%) was a painless scrotal mass or swelling. Forty-eight tumors were treated with radical inguinal orchiectomy, and 15, with a testis-sparing procedure. Follow-up was available in 59 cases, range from 4 to 128 months (median, 50 months). One patient with yolk sac tumor had recurrence and progression to metastasis at the end of 4 months after surgery. Other patients were disease free at last follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Most of the prepubertal testicular lesions were benign, and the most common histologic subtype was teratoma. Our experience with testis-sparing procedures supports the current trends that less invasive treatment should be performed for benign lesions. This study confirms the excellent cure rates obtained in children with prepubertal testicular tumors.
Department of Urology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 57# Zhu Gan Xiang, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
Xiaohao
X
Wang
Shan
S
Xu
Daxing
D
Tang
Minju
M
Li
Dehua
D
Wu
Yong
Y
Huang
D017668:Age of Onset; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D004814:Epidermal Cyst / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D005834:Genital Neoplasms, Male / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007984:Leydig Cell Tumor / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000379:methods*; D059351:Organ Sparing Treatments; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013724:Teratoma / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins