Insecticide susceptibility status of the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in Khartoum city, Sudan: differences between urban and periurban areas.
Vector resistance to insecticides is becoming a major obstacle to malaria prevention measures. A baseline survey was carried out in Khartoum city, Sudan, during September-November 2007, to map the insecticide susceptibility status ofAnophelesarabiensis and to examine the correlation with insecticide usage in urban agriculture. Susceptibility tests were conducted in 6 sentinel sites representing urban and periurban strata of the city. Mortality rates and knockdown times were calculated for 8 insecticides on a total of 9820 specimens. An. arabiensis was susceptible to bendiocarb (98.1%), propoxur (100%), fenitrothion (100%), deltamethrin (99.8%) and lambda-cyhalothrin (99.2%). Susceptibility rates were significantly different between urban and periurban sites for malathion (80.8% vs 56.0%), DDT (99.0% vs 95.0%) and permethrin (98.5% vs 96.3%). The 50% knockdown times were significantly higher in periurban than urban populations of An. arabiensis for deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and malathion.
Department of Medical Entomology, National Health Laboratory, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan. osamamekki@gmail.com
O M E
OM
Seidahmed
M A
MA
Abdelmajed
M S
MS
Mustafa
A P
AP
Mnzava
D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects*; D002947:Cities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013397:Sudan; D014505:Urban Population
D007306:Insecticides