Determination of bromadiolone and brodifacoum in human blood using LC-ESI/MS/MS and its application in four superwarfarin poisoning cases.
Superwarfarin poisoning is a growing health problem. A sensitive and reproducible LC-ESI/MS/MS (liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry) method was developed and validated for the determination of bromadiolone and brodifacoum, the most commonly used superwarfarins, in human blood using warfarin-D5 as an internal standard. Bromadiolone and brodifacoum were extracted from whole blood samples by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. Multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to detect bromadiolone and brodifacoum using precursor→product ion combinations of m/z 525→250 and 521→135, respectively. The calibration curves were linear (r(2)=0.9999) in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0 ng/mL for bromadiolone and brodifacoum, with a lower limit of detection of 0.1 and 0.2 ng/mL, respectively, in whole blood. This method detected trace levels of bromadiolone and brodifacoum in whole blood samples and can be used in the diagnosis of poisoned human beings.
Department of Forensic Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Hui
H
Yan
Ping
P
Xiang
Lin
L
Zhu
Min
M
Shen
D015110:4-Hydroxycoumarins / Q000097:blood* / Q000506:poisoning; D000328:Adult; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005260:Female; D053593:Forensic Toxicology; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011041:Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012378:Rodenticides / Q000097:blood*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
D015110:4-Hydroxycoumarins; D012378:Rodenticides; C013418:bromfenacoum; C021636:bromadiolone