Changes in daily leptin, ghrelin and adiponectin profiles following a diet with carbohydrates eaten at dinner in obese subjects.
OBJECTIVE
Our recently published randomised clinical trial evaluated the effect of a low-calorie diet with carbohydrates eaten at dinner. This dietary pattern led to lower hunger scores, and better anthropometric, biochemical and inflammatory outcomes compared to a standard low-calorie diet. In the same study, changes in diurnal secretion patterns of leptin, ghrelin and adiponectin were investigated.


RESULTS
Seventy-eight police officers (body mass index (BMI) > 30) were randomly allocated to experimental (carbohydrates at dinner) or control weight loss diets for 6 months. Sixty-three subjects finished the programme. On days 0, 7, 90 and 180 blood samples and hunger scores were collected every 4 h from 8:00 to 20:00. Hormonal profiles were available for 39. The dietary manipulation led to changes in daylight hormonal profiles in the experimental group. Leptin's secretion curve became convex, with a nadir later in the day (significant difference compared to baseline at morning and evening, p = 0.023, p = 0.021, respectively). Ghrelin's secretion curve became concave, peaking only in the evening hours. Adiponectin's curve was elevated only after the experimental diet (significant difference compared to baseline at afternoon, p = 0.044).


CONCLUSIONS
We propose that a low-calorie diet with carbohydrates eaten at dinner can modulate daytime hormonal profiles. Taken together with our earlier results, we believe this diet regime may prevent mid-day hunger, better support weight loss and improve metabolic outcomes compared to conventional weight loss diets. The trial is registered at controlled-trials.com, ISRCTN37829376, December 2009.
The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, PO Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
S
S
Sofer
A
A
Eliraz
S
S
Kaplan
H
H
Voet
G
G
Fink
T
T
Kima
Z
Z
Madar
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D062407:Meals; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy; D015431:Weight Loss
D052242:Adiponectin; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D054439:Ghrelin; D020738:Leptin