Cloning of the IL-1β3 gene and IL-1β4 pseudogene in salmonids uncovers a second type of IL-1β gene in teleost fish.
To date two closely related interleukin-1β genes (IL-1β1 and IL-β2) have been found in salmonids. The cloning of trout and salmon IL-1β3, and a salmon IL-1β4 pseudogene reveals that two types of IL-1β genes exist in teleost species. Type I teleost IL-1β genes, including salmonid IL-1β3, share a similar 6 coding exon structure as in tetrapods. Type II teleost IL-1β genes, e.g. salmonid IL-1β1-2, lack one or two coding exons at their 5'-end, and share higher identities within this subgroup than within the type I subgroup. Both types of IL-1β genes have been found in species of Salmoniformes, Perciformes and Beloniformes, suggesting the divergence occurred early in teleost evolution. Trout IL-1β3 is highly expressed in ovary suggesting a role in reproduction. A relatively high constitutive expression in gills, spleen and kidney and the up-regulation by PAMPs, proinflammatory cytokines and viral infection suggests IL-1β3 also has a role in inflammation and host defence.
Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.
Mansourah
M
Husain
Steve
S
Bird
Ruthger
R
van Zwieten
Christopher J
CJ
Secombes
Tiehui
T
Wang
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015870:Gene Expression; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D029141:Novirhabdovirus / Q000276:immunology; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D011544:Pseudogenes; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D012474:Salmon / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D014337:Trout / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
D053583:Interleukin-1beta