Acupuncture and the emerging evidence base: contrived controversy and rational debate.
The rising incidence of chronic disease and stress-related illness in the West, coupled with an expanding awareness of the unwanted side effects of pharmaceutical treatment, has led to an increased utilization of acupuncture as a contemporary health care option. This increase in utilization, in turn, has paralleled a response to the call for evidence, with the result that acupuncture is now supported by a broad range of surveys of safety, clinical trials and basic science studies of physiologic action. The combined impact of these studies is linked to a growing acceptance of this traditional medical practice. The present review takes a wide-angle look at these three major areas of acupuncture research, namely: safety and the risks of serious adverse events; clinical efficacy and effectiveness; and physiologic action. We identify advances in knowledge and present a point counterpoint approach to controversial issues, with the aim of offering clarification if not a measure of resolution.
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK. hugh.macpherson@york.ac.uk
Hugh
H
MacPherson
Richard
R
Hammerschlag
D015670:Acupuncture Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016896:Treatment Outcome