Exercise training prevents diastolic dysfunction induced by metabolic syndrome in rats.
OBJECTIVE
High fructose consumption contributes to the incidence of metabolic syndrome and, consequently, to cardiovascular outcomes. We investigated whether exercise training prevents high fructose diet-induced metabolic and cardiac morphofunctional alterations.


METHODS
Wistar rats receiving fructose overload (F) in drinking water (100 g/l) were concomitantly trained on a treadmill (FT) for 10 weeks or kept sedentary. These rats were compared with a control group (C). Obesity was evaluated by the Lee index, and glycemia and insulin tolerance tests constituted the metabolic evaluation. Blood pressure was measured directly (Windaq, 2 kHz), and echocardiography was performed to determine left ventricular morphology and function. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA, with significance set at p<0.05.


RESULTS
Fructose overload induced a metabolic syndrome state, as confirmed by insulin resistance (F: 3.6 ± 0.2 vs. C: 4.5 ± 0.2 mg/dl/min), hypertension (mean blood pressure, F: 118 ± 3 vs. C: 104 ± 4 mmHg) and obesity (F: 0.31 ± 0.001 vs. C: 0.29 ± 0.001 g/mm). Interestingly, fructose overload rats also exhibited diastolic dysfunction. Exercise training performed during the period of high fructose intake eliminated all of these derangements. The improvements in metabolic parameters were correlated with the maintenance of diastolic function.


CONCLUSIONS
The role of exercise training in the prevention of metabolic and hemodynamic parameter alterations is of great importance in decreasing the cardiac morbidity and mortality related to metabolic syndrome.
Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Sao Paulo/SP, Brazil.
Cristiano
C
Mostarda
Ivana Cinthya
IC
Moraes-Silva
Vera Maria Cury
VM
Salemi
Jacqueline Freire
JF
Machi
Bruno
B
Rodrigues
Kátia
K
De Angelis
Vera de Moura Azevedo
Vde M
Farah
Maria Claudia
MC
Irigoyen
D000818:Animals; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D013549:Sweetening Agents; D005632:Fructose