The effect of acute severe monocrotophos poisoning on inhibition, expression and activity of acetylcholinesterase in different rat brain regions.
OBJECTIVE
This study examined the acute effects of severe monocrotophos (MCP) poisoning on AChE inhibition, mRNA expression and recovery of acetylcholinesterase activity in different regions of the rat brain.


METHODS
Wistar rats were administered monocrotophos (0.8LD(50)) by oral gavage to elicit severe effects of acute poisoning and were sacrificed 2.5 h, 24 h, 7 days, 14 days and 1 month after poisoning. Acetylcholinesterse activity, mRNA and protein were assessed in cortex, striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum.


RESULTS
Acute monocrotophos administration resulted in significant AChE inhibition (50-82%) in the rat brain regions 2.5 h after poisoning. AChE inhibition was associated with down regulation of synaptic AChE mRNA 24 h after poisoning in cortex and striatum. Partial recovery of AChE activity was observed 24 h after poisoning associated with increased catalytic efficiency (K(m)) of the enzyme. The recovery of AChE mRNA and protein levels to normal occurred in 7 days in cortex and cerebellum and over one month in striatum and hippocampus.


CONCLUSIONS
Cholinergic neurotoxicity of acute severe monocrotophos poisoning is characterized by high acetylcholinesterase inhibition, downregulation of acetylcholinesterase mRNA and slow recovery of acetylcholinesterase activity in brain regions. De novo synthesized acetylcholinesterase is associated with increased catalytic efficiency that may contribute in restoring cholinergic function.
Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India. amjadkazi@rediffmail.com
Amajad Iqbal
AI
Kazi
Anna
A
Oommen
D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008999:Monocrotophos / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
D007306:Insecticides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008999:Monocrotophos; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase