Seasonal and geographical patterns of fin whale song in the western North Atlantic Ocean.
Male fin whales, Balaenoptera physalus, produce a song consisting of 20 Hz notes at regularly spaced time intervals. Previous studies identified regional differences in fin whale internote intervals (INI), but seasonal changes within populations have not been closely examined. To understand the patterns of fin whale song in the western North Atlantic, the seasonal abundance and acoustic features of fin whale song are measured from two years of archival passive acoustic recordings at two representative locations: Massachusetts Bay and New York Bight. Fin whale 20 Hz notes are detected on 99% of recorded days. In both regions, INI varies significantly throughout the year as two distinct periods: a "short-INI" season in September-January (9.6 s) and a "long-INI" season in March-May (15.1 s). February and June-August are transitional-INI months, with higher variability. Note abundance decreases with increasing INI, where note abundance is significantly lower in April-August than in September-January. Short-INI and high note abundance correspond to the fin whale reproductive season. The temporal variability of INI may be a mechanism by which fin whale individuals encode and communicate a variety of behaviorally relevant information.
Bioacoustics Research Program, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA. janelle.morano@cornell.edu
Janelle L
JL
Morano
Daniel P
DP
Salisbury
Aaron N
AN
Rice
Karah L
KL
Conklin
Keri L
KL
Falk
Christopher W
CW
Clark
D000162:Acoustics; D000818:Animals; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D050617:Fin Whale / Q000502:physiology*; D005843:Geography; D008297:Male; D012621:Seasons; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013997:Time Factors; D014828:Vocalization, Animal