Glycerol-based sterilization bioindicator system from Bacillus atrophaeus: development, performance evaluation, and cost analysis.
The development of new value-added applications for glycerol is of worldwide interest because of the environmental and economic problems that may be caused by an excess of glycerol generated from biodiesel production. A novel use of glycerol as a major substrate for production of a low-cost sterilization biological indicator system (BIS; spores on a carrier plus a recovery medium) was investigated. A sequential experimental design strategy was applied for product development and optimization. The proposed recovery medium enables germination and outgrowth of heat-damaged spores, promoting a D                 (160 °C) value of 6.6 ± 0.1 min. Bacillus atrophaeus spores production by solid-state fermentation reached a 2.3 ± 1.2 × 10(8) CFU/g dry matter. Sporulation kinetics results allowed this process to be restricted in 48 h. Germination kinetics demonstrated the visual identification of nonsterile BIS within 24 h. Performance evaluation of the proposed BIS against dry-heat and ethylene oxide sterilization showed compliance with the regulatory requirements. Cost breakdowns were from 41.8 (quality control) up to 72.8 % (feedstock). This is the first report on sterilization BIS production that uses glycerol as a sole carbon source, with significant cost reduction and the profitable use of a biodiesel byproduct.
Production and Research Centre of Immunobiological Products, Parana State Department of Health, Av. São Roque, 716, Piraquara, PR, 83302-200, Brazil. sella.sandra@gmail.com
Sandra R B R
SR
Sella
Patricia Milla
PM
Gouvea
Vanessa F
VF
Gomes
Luciana P S
LP
Vandenberghe
João Carlos
JC
Minozzo
Carlos Ricardo
CR
Soccol
D001407:Bacillus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D011786:Quality Control; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D013997:Time Factors
D003470:Culture Media; D005990:Glycerol