Fabrication and characterization of a rapid prototyped tissue engineering scaffold with embedded multicomponent matrix for controlled drug release.
Bone tissue engineering implants with sustained local drug delivery provide an opportunity for better postoperative care for bone tumor patients because these implants offer sustained drug release at the tumor site and reduce systemic side effects. A rapid prototyped macroporous polycaprolactone scaffold was embedded with a porous matrix composed of chitosan, nanoclay, and β-tricalcium phosphate by freeze-drying. This composite scaffold was evaluated on its ability to deliver an anthracycline antibiotic and to promote formation of mineralized matrix in vitro. Scanning electronic microscopy, confocal imaging, and DNA quantification confirmed that immortalized human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC-TERT) cultured in the scaffold showed high cell viability and growth, and good cell infiltration to the pores of the scaffold. Alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin staining showed that the scaffold was osteoinductive. The drug-release kinetics was investigated by loading doxorubicin into the scaffold. The scaffolds comprising nanoclay released up to 45% of the drug for up to 2 months, while the scaffold without nanoclay released 95% of the drug within 4 days. Therefore, this scaffold can fulfill the requirements for both bone tissue engineering and local sustained release of an anticancer drug in vitro. These results suggest that the scaffold can be used clinically in reconstructive surgery after bone tumor resection. Moreover, by changing the composition and amount of individual components, the scaffold can find application in other tissue engineering areas that need local sustained release of drug.
Orthopaedic Research Lab, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C, Denmark. chen.muwan@ki.au.dk
Muwan
M
Chen
Dang Q S
DQ
Le
San
S
Hein
Pengcheng
P
Li
Jens V
JV
Nygaard
Moustapha
M
Kassem
Jørgen
J
Kjems
Flemming
F
Besenbacher
Cody
C
Bünger
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000737:chemistry; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D000077215:Clay; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone; D048271:Chitosan; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C018392:tricalcium phosphate; D002118:Calcium; D000077215:Clay