[Evaluating the current protocol of influenza A (H1N1) based on the epidemic situations of Zhengzhou,a middle-sized city in China].
OBJECTIVE
From May 2009-January 2010, a total of 3768 biosamples were tested for influenza A (H1N1) infection at Zhengzhou center for disease control and prevention, China. 1452 cases were laboratory confirmed H1N1 infection and 2316 were considered suspected victims. To evaluate the current protocol of influenza A (H1N1) based on the epidemic situations of Zhengzhou, relationships among features were explored and whether additional clinical characteristics should be part of H1N1 diagnosis protocols were determined.


METHODS
Both clinical and epidemiologic findings as well as statistical analyses were described in this article. Test for independence between features related to the disease diagnosis has been proposed. Furthermore, logistic regression was carried out to measure the association among features and latent class analysis was performed to identify additional crucial features in laboratory confirmed H1N1 by building various latent models with different combinatorial features.


RESULTS
The mean generation time for H1N1 was estimated as 3.59 +/- 1.41 days (range = 2.01-7.26). The estimated infection rate was 0.258 +/- 0.088 3, and reproduction number was 1.94 (95% CI = 1.12-3.18). Our results revealed that the six features, including molecular detections using three separate primer/probe sets, gender, age and temperature, are all associated with clinical diagnosis of H1N1, and that three separate primer/probe sets for laboratory confirmed H1N1, age and temperature are associated with each other.


CONCLUSIONS
Additional clinical features applied into the H1N1 diagnosis with current three primers/probe sets can increase the diagnostic efficiency.
The Center for Bioinformatics and The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241 ,China chang.bioinfo@gmail.com
Chang
C
Chang
Jun-Wei
JW
Wang
Xiao-Xia
XX
Zhou
Zhan-Jun
ZJ
Chang
Xiao-Tao
XT
Li
Tie-Liu
TL
Shi
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged