Endothelial function and the regulation of muscle protein anabolism in older adults.
Sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with aging, is a major contributor to frailty and morbidity in older adults. Recent evidence has emerged suggesting that endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance of muscle protein metabolism may significantly contribute to the development of sarcopenia. In this article we review: 1) recent studies and theories on the regulation of skeletal muscle protein balance in older adults; 2) the link between insulin resistance of muscle protein synthesis and endothelial dysfunction in aging; 3) mechanisms for impaired endothelial responsiveness in aging; and 4) potential treatments that may restore the endothelial responsiveness and muscle protein anabolic sensitivity in older adults.
Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Sealy Center on Aging, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Timmerman
Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Sealy Center on Aging, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Institute for Translational Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. Electronic address: evolpi@utmb.edu.
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Volpi
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008660:Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
D009124:Muscle Proteins