Body composition and newborn birthweight in pregnancies of adolescent and mature women.
Teenage pregnancy has been associated with adverse effects for the mother and the newborn (NB). In order to compare body composition (BC) between adolescents (Ad) and mature women (MW) during pregnancy and to determine the difference in birthweight and perinatal morbidity, pregnant Ad (n=40) and MW (n=227) were studied. BC changes between the second and third trimesters were determined by multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis, and birthweight and NB morbidity were evaluated. During the second and third trimesters of the pregnancy, fat mass was lower in the Ad group [16 kg (13-19)] than in the MW group [22 kg (17-27)] (P<0.01; median and quartiles 1-3). Fat-free mass increased by 3.09 kg (2.29-4.20) and 2.20 kg (1.0-3.59) (P≤0.01), and total body water increased by 2.77 L (0.84-4.49) vs. 2.04 L (0.55-3.89) (P=0.36), in the Ad and MW groups, respectively (median and quartiles 1-3). Birthweight was not significantly different between NBs of Ad (3223 ± 399 g) and NBs of MW (3312 ± 427 g, P=0.22). The youngest Ad (<18 year old, n=8) had NB with lower birthweight than MW (3031 ± 503 g, P=0.06). NBs of Ad mothers showed a non-significant trend towards a higher rate of morbidity relative to the NBs of MW. In conclusion, the BC of Ad differs from that of MW during pregnancy. In addition, the NB infants of Ad mothers tended to have a lower birthweight than those from MW, a result that suggests that the Ad should be in strict prenatal control.
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Chihuahua, México Programa de Especialidad en Medicina Familiar Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/IMSS, Unidad de Medicina Familiar Plus 33, Chihuahua, México Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Circuito Universitario Campus II, Chihuahua, México Hospital de Ginecología y Obstetricia Número 15, IMSS, Chihuahua, México.
María Elena
ME
Contreras Campos
Nora
N
Rodríguez-Cervantes
Sandra
S
Reza-López
Marina
M
Ávila-Esparza
Dora Virginia
DV
Chávez-Corral
Margarita
M
Levario-Carrillo
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001823:Body Composition; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016014:Linear Models; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence; D055815:Young Adult