Prevalence of non motor features in a cohort of Parkinson's disease patients.
BACKGROUND
There is a lack of awareness among physicians of the considerable disability caused by non-motor symptoms (NMS) in PD. The aim of this work is to estimate the prevalence of NMS in a series of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).


METHODS
We studied 112 patients with Parkinson's disease. Motor symptoms were scored on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III and the Hoehn and Yahr (HY) Scale. Other symptoms were quantified with the Non-Motor Symptom Questionnaire and Scale (NMSQuest and NMSS) as well as Minimental State Examination (MNSE).


RESULTS
Analysis of the data from the NMSS showed that mood/cognition was the most commonly affected domain (prevalence rate=87.5%), followed by sleep disturbance/fatigue second (78.6%). However, all other non-motor symptoms scored highly: gastrointestinal and urinary (76.8% for both), sexual dysfunction (73%), cardiovascular (70.5%) with significantly higher percentage in predominantly akinetic/rigid patients. Perceptual problems/hallucinations (9.9%) were infrequent in this population. Dementia was recorded in 22.3% of patients, most of them having a mild degree of dementia. UPDRS scores were correlated with total scores in both NMSQuest and NMSS.


CONCLUSIONS
Mood/cognition, sleep disorders, GIT, and sexual disorders were common non motor manifestations in this population of PD patients.
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Psychiatry, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt. emankhedr99@yahoo.com
Eman M
EM
Khedr
Noha Abo
NA
El Fetoh
Hosam
H
Khalifa
Mohamed A
MA
Ahmed
Khaled M A
KM
El Beh
D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000209:etiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D000978:Antiparkinson Agents