Modulating fibroblast growth factor 21 in hyperphagic OLETF rats with daily exercise and caloric restriction.
Chronic treatment with fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) favorably improves obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) outcomes; however, FGF-21 expression is paradoxically elevated in obese conditions. Here, we sought to determine the effects of obesity prevention by daily exercise (EX) vs. caloric restriction (CR) on hepatic FGF-21 in the hyperphagic, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat. Four-week-old male OLETF rats were randomized into groups (n = 7-8 per group) of ad libitum fed, sedentary (OLETF-SED), voluntary wheel running exercise (OLETF-EX), or CR (OLETF-CR; 70% of SED) until 40 weeks of age. Nonhyperphagic, Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO-SED) rats served as controls. Both daily EX and CR prevented obesity and NAFLD development observed in the OLETF-SED animals. This was associated with significantly (p < 0.01) lower serum FGF-21 (~80% lower) and hepatic FGF-21 mRNA expression (~65% lower) in the OLETF-EX and OLETF-CR rats compared with the OLETF-SED rats. However, hepatic FGF-21 protein content was reduced to the greatest extent in the OLETF-EX animals (50% of OLETF-SED) and did not differ between the OLETF-SED and OLETF-CR rats. Hepatic FGF-21 signaling mediators - hepatic FGF-21 receptor 2 (FGFR2, mRNA expression), hepatic FGF-21 receptor substrate 2 (FRS2, protein content), and co-receptor β-Klotho (protein content) - were all elevated (60%-100%, ~40%, and +30%-50%, respectively) in the OLETF-EX and OLETF-CR animals compared with the OLETF-SED animals. Daily exercise and caloric restriction modulate hepatic FGF-21 and its primary signaling mediators in the hyperphagic OLETF rat. Enhanced metabolic action of FGF-21 may partially explain the benefits of exercise and caloric restriction on NAFLD outcomes.
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
Justin A
JA
Fletcher
Grace M
GM
Meers
M Harold
MH
Laughlin
Jamal A
JA
Ibdah
John P
JP
Thyfault
R Scott
RS
Rector
D000818:Animals; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000150:complications*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; C414620:fibroblast growth factor 21; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors