Gene-environment interaction in Alzheimer's disease.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to examine the gene environment (GxE) interaction with reference to APO E genotypes, serum lipids and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) as one of the factors in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD).


METHODS
A case control study was used to examine, APOE HhaI polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/PCRrestriction fragment length polymorphism method, serum lipids by autoanalyser and OCPs by gas chromatography (GC).


RESULTS
APOE ∈4 allele frequency was significantly high (p=0.000, OR=5.73, CI=2.68-12.50) in AD as compared to controls. The serum cholesterol, β- hexachlorocyclohexane and dieldrin are risk factors for AD independent of the APOE ∈4 risk allele, recording an odds ratio of 1.16, 11.38 and 10.45 respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
GxE interactions exist with APOE ∈4 allele status that need to be considered for the study design and analysis of such data in future studies of AD.
Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India.
Neeraj Kumar
NK
Singh
Neelam
N
Chhillar
B D
BD
Banerjee
Kiran
K
Bala
Ajit Kumar
AK
Mukherjee
M D
MD
Mustafa
Mitrabasu
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004026:Dieldrin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010575:Pesticides; D014280:Triglycerides; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D002784:Cholesterol; D004026:Dieldrin; C023888:beta-hexachlorocyclohexane