Effects of mycotoxin-contaminated diets and deactivating compound in laying hens: 2. effects on white shell egg quality and characteristics.
An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary inclusion of Mycofix Select (Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria) on discrete egg parameters and quality characteristics of hens fed mycotoxin-contaminated diets (aflatoxin; AFLA) and deoxynivalenol (DON)) during a 10-wk trial. A 4 × 2 factorial design was used with 4 contamination levels: control, low (0.5 mg/kg of AFLA + 1.0 mg/kg of DON), medium (1.5 mg/kg of AFLA + 1.5 mg/kg of DON), and high (2.0 mg/kg of AFLA + 2.0 mg/kg of DON) with or without the inclusion of mycotoxin deactivating compound. Three hundred and eighty-four 25-wk-old laying hens were housed 3 per cage. Birds were fed contaminated diets for a 6-wk phase of toxin administration followed by a 4-wk recovery phase, when all birds were fed mycotoxin-free diets. Parameters evaluated included egg weight, Haugh unit value, specific gravity, eggshell thickness, egg shape index, and relative albumen and yolk weights. Albumen height and Haugh unit value were depressed (P < 0.05) at the high mycotoxin level 2 wk postinclusion. Egg weight was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) with the high toxins level by the third week of toxin administration and remained throughout the study during toxin administration. Egg shape index indicated a variation (P < 0.05) in shape with all toxin levels compared with the control. Relative yolk weight was decreased (P < 0.05) by the high toxin level. An interaction existed between the deactivating compound inclusion and toxins level with regard to specific gravity. Following the toxin phase, the deactivating compound inclusion increased (P < 0.05) egg specific gravity in the control and low toxin groups whereas a decrease (P < 0.05) was observed at the high toxin level. These data indicate that mycotoxins present in feed can reduce egg quality, size, yolk weight, and alter egg shape and that inclusion of a mycotoxin deactivating compound can ameliorate some of the negative effects of mycotoxin consumption.
Poultry Science Department, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas A&M System, College Station, TX 77843, USA. jlee@poultry.tamu.edu
J T
JT
Lee
K A
KA
Jessen
R
R
Beltran
V
V
Starkl
G
G
Schatzmayr
R
R
Borutova
D J
DJ
Caldwell
D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004528:Egg Shell / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
D000348:Aflatoxins; D014255:Trichothecenes; C007262:deoxynivalenol