Variation of urinary and serum trace elements (Ca, Zn, Cu, Se) in bladder carcinoma in China.
BACKGROUND
Deficiency or excess of trace elements can induce body metabolic disorders and cellular growth disturbance, even mutation and cancerization. Since there are few studies of the effect of trace elements in bladder carcinoma in China, the aim of this study was thus to assess variation using a case control approach.


METHODS
To determine this, 81 patients with bladder carcinoma chosen as a study group and 130 healthy persons chosen as a control group were all assayed for urinary and serum trace elements (calcium [Ca], zinc [Zn], copper [Cu], selenium [Se]) using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the results were analyzed by independent sample t tests. The correlative factors on questionnaires answered by all persons were analyzed by logistic regression.


RESULTS
The results showed urinary Ca, Zn and serum Cu levels of the study group to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of he control group. Serum Ca and Se levels of study group were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those of control group.


CONCLUSIONS
There were higher urinary Zn and serum Cu concentrations in bladder carcinoma cases. Bladder carcinoma may be associated with Ca metabolic disorder, leading to higher urinary Ca and lower serum Ca. Low serum Se and smoking appear to be other risk factors for bladder carcinoma in China.
Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Kun-Feng
KF
Guo
Zhe
Z
Zhang
Jun-Yong
JY
Wang
Sheng-Lin
SL
Gao
Jiao
J
Liu
Bo
B
Zhan
Zhi-Peng
ZP
Chen
Chui-Ze
CZ
Kong
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*
D014131:Trace Elements