Early inflammatory and myogenic responses to resistance exercise in the elderly.
METHODS
This study compared changes in myokine and myogenic genes following resistance exercise (3 sets of 12 repetitions of maximal unilateral knee extension) in 20 elderly men (67.8 ± 1.0 years) and 15 elderly women (67.2 ± 1.5 years).


RESULTS
Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1β, interleukin (IL)-6 and MyoD mRNA increased significantly (P < 0.05), whereas myogenin and myostatin mRNA decreased significantly after exercise in both groups. Macrophage-1 (Mac-1) and MCP-3 mRNA did not change significantly after exercise in either group. MIP-1β, Mac-1 and myostatin mRNA were significantly higher before and after exercise in men compared with women. In contrast, MCP-3 and myogenin mRNA were significantly higher before and after exercise in the women compared with the men.


CONCLUSIONS
In elderly individuals, gender influences the mRNA expression of certain myokines and growth factors, both at rest and after resistance exercise. These differences may influence muscle regeneration following muscle injury.
School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia.
Jessica L
JL
Mathers
Michelle M
MM
Farnfield
Andrew P
AP
Garnham
Marissa K
MK
Caldow
David
D
Cameron-Smith
Jonathan M
JM
Peake
D000368:Aged; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054407:Chemokine CCL4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054410:Chemokine CCL7 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D024510:Muscle Development; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018008:Myogenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055070:Resistance Training; D012737:Sex Factors
C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C515450:CCL7 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D054410:Chemokine CCL7; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D018008:Myogenin