[Obsessive-compulsive disorder, a new model of basal ganglia dysfunction? Elements from deep brain stimulation studies].
Deep brain stimulation was first developed for movement disorders but is now being offered as a therapeutic alternative in severe psychiatric disorders after the failure of conventional therapies. One of such pathologies is obsessive-compulsive disorder. This disorder which associates intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive irrepressible rituals (compulsions) is characterized by a dysfunction of a cortico-subcortical loop. After having reviewed the pathophysiological evidence to show why deep brain stimulation was an interesting path to take for severe and resistant cases of obsessive-compulsive disorder, we will present the results of the different clinical trials. Finally, we will provide possible mechanisms for the effects of deep brain stimulation in this pathology.
Team Behaviour Emotion and Basal Ganglia, centre de recherche de l'institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière (CRICM), Inserm US975, CNRS 7225, UPMC, bâtiment ICM, Paris cedex, France. william.haynes@icm-institute.org
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D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008954:Models, Biological; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*