Cortical Thickness in Young Treatment-Naive Children With ADHD.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the cortical thickness in areas of the brain that are hypothesized to be involved in response inhibition and error-monitoring behaviors. The authors hypothesized that children with ADHD would have a thinner prefrontal cortex (PFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) than healthy children.


METHODS
In all, 25 ADHD and 25 healthy control male children (5-12 years) underwent magnetic resonance imaging.


RESULTS
The authors found thinner right superior frontal gyrus in ADHD patients compared with controls (t = 2.01, df = 45, p = .049). The older children with ADHD drove this effect when participants were further subdivided into a younger and older age group (older participants: p = .004; younger participants: p = ns).


CONCLUSIONS
These findings have implications for the developmental trajectory of the frontal lobe in ADHD.
University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Xiao-Ru
XR
Yang
Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Normand
N
Carrey
Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Denise
D
Bernier
University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada fmacmast@ucalgary.ca.
Frank P
FP
MacMaster
D000367:Age Factors; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology