Referral to health and social services for intimate partner violence in health care settings: a realist scoping review.
Efficient and coordinated health care responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) are essential, given that health care settings are a major entry point for abused women who seek professional services. However, there is a lack of evidence on how IPV referrals are effectively made within health care settings. In order to help program planners and providers across sectors to address the complex and chronic issue of IPV, a greater understanding of the post-IPV identification referral process is essential. A scoping review of the evidence on IPV referral programs and processes in health care settings was undertaken to provide an overview of the state of evidence and identify pertinent gaps in existing research. The scoping review identified 13 evaluative studies and 6 qualitative, primarily nonevaluative studies that examined IPV referral programs and processes. Evaluative studies involved a variety of designs and IPV referral outcomes. Rich descriptions of barriers and facilitators to seeking referrals by victims and making referrals by health care providers emerged from the evaluative and qualitative studies, but were explored more in depth in the qualitative studies. This scoping review provides guidance on what is currently known about IPV referral programs in health care settings and provides a starting point for further research on effectiveness of referral processes.
Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. maritt.kirst@utoronto.ca
Maritt
M
Kirst
Yu Janice
YJ
Zhang
Aynsley
A
Young
Alena
A
Marshall
Patricia
P
O'Campo
Farah
F
Ahmad
D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000458:organization & administration*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003144:Communication Barriers; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010819:Physician's Role; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012947:Social Work / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data