Emphysema quantification by low-dose CT: potential impact of adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a novel reconstruction algorithm, adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing, on emphysema quantification by low-dose CT.


METHODS
Twenty-six patients who had undergone standard-dose (150 mAs) and low-dose (25 mAs) CT scans were included in this retrospective study. Emphysema was quantified by several quantitative measures, including emphysema index given by the percentage of lung region with low attenuation (lower than -950 HU), the 15th percentile of lung density, and size distribution of low-attenuation lung regions, on standard-dose CT images reconstructed without adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing and on low-dose CT images reconstructed both without and with adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing. The Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess whether the agreement between emphysema quantifications on low-dose CT and on standard-dose CT was improved by the use of adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing.


RESULTS
For the emphysema index, the mean differences between measurements on low-dose CT and on standard-dose CT were 1.98% without and -0.946% with the use of adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing. For 15th percentile of lung density, the mean differences without and with adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing were -6.67 and 1.28 HU, respectively. For the size distribution of low-attenuation lung regions, the ranges of the mean relative differences without and with adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing were 21.4-85.5% and -14.1% to 11.2%, respectively. For 15th percentile of lung density and the size distribution of low-attenuation lung regions, the agreement was thus improved by the use of adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of adaptive iterative dose reduction using 3D processing resulted in greater consistency of emphysema quantification by low-dose CT, with quantification by standard-dose CT.
Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan. nmizuho@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
Mizuho
M
Nishio
Sumiaki
S
Matsumoto
Yoshiharu
Y
Ohno
Naoki
N
Sugihara
Hiroyasu
H
Inokawa
Takeshi
T
Yoshikawa
Kazuro
K
Sugimura
D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed