Grape skin extract reduces adipogenesis- and lipogenesis-related gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ signaling pathway.
We previously reported that grape skin ethanol extract (GSE) decreases adipogenic transcription factor gene expression, inhibiting triglyceride accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In this study, we hypothesized that GSE may induce differential expression profiles in adipocytes, thus providing protection against obesity. Thirty-five genes involved in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway, lipid metabolism, or adipogenesis were identified through microarray analysis of adipocytes treated with GSE. Expression of the genes involved in PPARγ signaling, Adipoq, Scd1, Nr1h3, Fabp5, Scd2, and Pparg decreased with GSE treatment, whereas expression of Ppargc1a increased. Lipid metabolism-associated genes Mlxp1, Stat5a, Hsl, Plin1, and Vdr were down-regulated. Interestingly, GSE also affected expression of genes related to the mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway. GSE extract treatment decreased expression of aP2, Fas, and Tnfa, known markers of adipogenesis, as measured by real-time polymerase reaction. These findings demonstrate the antiadipogenic effects of GSE on 3T3-L1 adipocytes at the genetic level, primarily on the PPARγ signaling pathway.
Bio Industry Center, Daegu Technopark, 891-5 Daecheon-dong, Daegu 704-801, Korea.
Yoo Seok
YS
Jeong
Joo Heon
JH
Hong
Kyung Hyun
KH
Cho
Hee Kyoung
HK
Jung
D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D051379:Mice; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070778:Perilipin-1; D010641:Phenotype; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
D052242:Adiponectin; C499919:Adipoq protein, mouse; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C082667:Fabp5 protein, mouse; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C000605214:Nr1h3 protein, mouse; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047495:PPAR gamma; D000070778:Perilipin-1; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C000602979:Plin1 protein, mouse; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; C494093:Stat5a protein, mouse; D014280:Triglycerides; C490333:Scd1 protein, mouse; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases