Comparison of Gafchromic EBT2 and EBT3 films for clinical photon and proton beams.
OBJECTIVE
Dose verification in highly conformal radiation therapy such as IMRT or proton therapy can benefit from the high spatial resolution offered by radio-chromic films such as Gafchromic EBT or EBT2. Recently, a new generation of these films, EBT3, has become available. The composition and thickness of the sensitive layer are the same as for the previous EBT2 films. The most important change is the symmetric layer configuration to eliminate side orientation dependence, which is reported for EBT2 films.


METHODS
The general film characteristics such as sensitivity to read-out orientation and postexposure darkening evolution of the new EBT3 film are evaluated. Film response has been investigated in clinical photon and proton beams and compared to former EBT2 films. Quenching effects in the proton Bragg peak region have been studied for both, EBT2 and EBT3 films.


RESULTS
The general performance of EBT3 is comparable to EBT2, and the orientation dependence with respect to film side is completely eliminated in EBT3 films. Response differences of EBT2 and EBT3 films are of the same order of magnitude as batch-to-batch variations observed for EBT2 films. No significant difference has been found for both generations of EBT films between photon and proton exposure. Depth dose measurements of EBT2 and EBT3 show an excellent agreement, though underestimating dose by up to 20% in the Bragg peak region.


CONCLUSIONS
The symmetric configuration of EBT3 presents a major improvement for film handling. EBT3 has similar dosimetric performance as its precursor EBT2 and can, thus, be applied to dose verification in IMRT in the same way. For dose verification in proton therapy the underresponse in the Bragg peak region has to be taken into account.
Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany. Sabine.Reinhardt@physik.uni-muenchen.de
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S
Reinhardt
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Hillbrand
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JJ
Wilkens
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W
Assmann
D000465:Algorithms; D002138:Calibration; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005373:Film Dosimetry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D017785:Photons; D011522:Protons; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D011522:Protons