Assessment of metabolic stability using the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver S9 fraction.
Standard protocols are given for assessing metabolic stability in rainbow trout using the liver S9 fraction. These protocols describe the isolation of S9 fractions from trout livers, evaluation of metabolic stability using a substrate depletion approach, and expression of the result as in vivo intrinsic clearance. Additional guidance is provided on the care and handling of test animals, design and interpretation of preliminary studies, and development of analytical methods. Although initially developed to predict metabolism impacts on chemical accumulation by fish, these procedures can be used to support a broad range of scientific and risk assessment activities including evaluation of emerging chemical contaminants and improved interpretation of toxicity testing results. These protocols have been designed for rainbow trout and can be adapted to other species as long as species-specific considerations are modified accordingly (e.g., fish maintenance and incubation mixture temperature). Rainbow trout is a cold-water species. Protocols for other species (e.g., carp, a warm-water species) can be developed based on these procedures as long as the specific considerations are taken into account.
KJohanning Consultancy, Pura Vida Connections LLC, Austin, Texas, USA.
Karla
K
Johanning
Gregg
G
Hancock
Beate
B
Escher
Adelbayo
A
Adekola
Mary Jo
MJ
Bernhard
Christina
C
Cowan-Ellsberry
Jeanne
J
Domoradzki
Scott
S
Dyer
Curtis
C
Eickhoff
Michelle
M
Embry
Susan
S
Erhardt
Patrick
P
Fitzsimmons
Marlies
M
Halder
James
J
Hill
Dustin
D
Holden
Rebecca
R
Johnson
Sibylle
S
Rutishauser
Helmut
H
Segner
Irvin
I
Schultz
John
J
Nichols
D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D050216:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I; D050217:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000633:toxicity*
D015262:Xenobiotics