Replication and adaptive mutations of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in tracheal organ cultures of different avian species.
Transmission of avian influenza viruses (AIV) between different avian species may require genome mutations that allow efficient virus replication in a new species and could increase virulence. To study the role of domestic poultry in the evolution of AIV we compared replication of low pathogenic (LP) AIV of subtypes H9N2, H7N7 and H6N8 in tracheal organ cultures (TOC) and primary embryo fibroblast cultures of chicken, turkey, Pekin duck and homing pigeon. Virus strain-dependent and avian species-related differences between LPAIV were observed in growth kinetics and induction of ciliostasis in TOC. In particular, our data demonstrate high susceptibility to LPAIV of turkey TOC contrasted with low susceptibility of homing pigeon TOC. Serial virus passages in the cells of heterologous host species resulted in adaptive mutations in the AIV genome, especially in the receptor-binding site and protease cleavage site of the hemagglutinin. Our data highlight differences in susceptibility of different birds to AIV viruses and emphasizes potential role of poultry in the emergence of new virus variants.
Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Henning
H
Petersen
Mikhail
M
Matrosovich
Stephan
S
Pleschka
Silke
S
Rautenschlein
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000821:virology*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000821:virology; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053126:Influenza A Virus, H7N7 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013045:Species Specificity; D014132:Trachea / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication
D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus