Characterization of porcine parvovirus type 2 (PPV2) which is highly prevalent in the USA.
A novel porcine parvovirus designated as porcine parvovirus 2 (PPV2) was initially identified in Myanmar in 2001, in China during 2006-2007, and in Hungary in 2012. To investigate the presence and prevalence of PPV2 in the USA, a novel TaqMan(®) real-time PCR method was developed and used for a PPV2 survey using 483 lung samples, 185 fecal samples and 122 sera collected from pigs on 295 farms in 18 U.S. states. The overall prevalence of PPV2 was 20.7% (100/483) in lung samples and 7.6% (14/185) in fecal samples obtained from pigs of different age groups, and 1.6% (2/122) in sera or thoracic fluids obtained from neonatal pigs. Further genomic sequence comparison demonstrated that the 2011 U.S. PPV2 sequences have nucleotide identities of 95.4-97.7% with the 2006-2007 strains detected in China while the nucleotide identity was 94.7% with the 2001 strain detected in Myanmar, indicating persistent evolution of the virus. Phylogenetic and sequence homology analyses demonstrated a close relationship of PPV2 with members of the proposed genus PARV4-like virus, and the classification of PPV2 into this proposed genus is suggested.
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Chao-Ting
CT
Xiao
Priscilla F
PF
Gerber
Luis G
LG
Giménez-Lirola
Patrick G
PG
Halbur
Tanja
T
Opriessnig
D000818:Animals; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D028323:Parvovirus, Porcine / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology