Specific function of the Met-Tyr-Trp adduct radical and residues Arg-418 and Asp-137 in the atypical catalase reaction of catalase-peroxidase KatG.
Catalase activity of the dual-function heme enzyme catalase-peroxidase (KatG) depends on several structural elements, including a unique adduct formed from covalently linked side chains of three conserved amino acids (Met-255, Tyr-229, and Trp-107, Mycobacterium tuberculosis KatG numbering) (MYW). Mutagenesis, electron paramagnetic resonance, and optical stopped-flow experiments, along with calculations using density functional theory (DFT) methods revealed the basis of the requirement for a radical on the MYW-adduct, for oxyferrous heme, and for conserved residues Arg-418 and Asp-137 in the rapid catalase reaction. The participation of an oxyferrous heme intermediate (dioxyheme) throughout the pH range of catalase activity is suggested from our finding that carbon monoxide inhibits the activity at both acidic and alkaline pH. In the presence of H(2)O(2), the MYW-adduct radical is formed normally in KatG[D137S] but this mutant is defective in forming dioxyheme and lacks catalase activity. KatG[R418L] is also catalase deficient but exhibits normal formation of the adduct radical and dioxyheme. Both mutants exhibit a coincidence between MYW-adduct radical persistence and H(2)O(2) consumption as a function of time, and enhanced subunit oligomerization during turnover, suggesting that the two mutations disrupting catalase turnover allow increased migration of the MYW-adduct radical to protein surface residues. DFT calculations showed that an interaction between the side chain of residue Arg-418 and Tyr-229 in the MYW-adduct radical favors reaction of the radical with the adjacent dioxyheme intermediate present throughout turnover in WT KatG. Release of molecular oxygen and regeneration of resting enzyme are thereby catalyzed in the last step of a proposed catalase reaction.
Department of Chemistry, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York 11210, USA.
Xiangbo
X
Zhao
Abdelahad
A
Khajo
Sanchez
S
Jarrett
Javier
J
Suarez
Yan
Y
Levitsky
Richard M
RM
Burger
Andrzej A
AA
Jarzecki
Richard S
RS
Magliozzo
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D002374:Catalase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D006418:Heme / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D011789:Quantum Theory
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005609:Free Radicals; D006418:Heme; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D002374:Catalase; C480353:katG protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D010100:Oxygen