Cells (MC3T3-E1)-laden alginate scaffolds fabricated by a modified solid-freeform fabrication process supplemented with an aerosol spraying.
In this study, we propose a new cell encapsulation method consisting of a dispensing method and an aerosol-spraying method. The aerosol spray using a cross-linking agent, calcium chloride (CaCl(2)), was used to control the surface gelation of dispensed alginate struts during dispensing. To show the feasibility of the method, we used preosteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cells. By changing the relationship between the various dispensing/aerosol-spraying conditions and cell viability, we could determine the optimal cell-dispensing process: a nozzle size (240 μm) and an aerosol spray flow rate (0.93 ± 0.12 mL min(-1)), 10 mm s(-1) nozzle moving speed, a 10 wt % concentration of CaCl(2) in the aerosol solution, and 2 wt % concentration of CaCl(2) in the second cross-linking process. Based on these optimized process conditions, we successfully fabricated a three-dimensional, pore-structured, cell-laden alginate scaffold of 20 × 20 × 4.6 mm(3) and 84% cell viability. During long cell culture periods (16, 25, 33, and 45 days), the preosteoblasts in the alginate scaffold survived and proliferated well.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, GwangJu, South Korea.
SeungHyun
S
Ahn
HyeongJin
H
Lee
Lawrence J
LJ
Bonassar
GeunHyung
G
Kim
D000336:Aerosols / Q000737:chemistry; D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018914:Cells, Immobilized; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003470:Culture Media; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D016062:Porosity; D012212:Rheology; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D000336:Aerosols; D000464:Alginates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003470:Culture Media; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D002122:Calcium Chloride