Novel tools for blood inflammatory markers detection in monitoring air pollution-induced cardio-respiratory symptoms.
There is strong epidemiological evidence that air pollution exposure (short- and long-term, i.e. < 24 hr to 3 weeks, and year/s) is related to exacerbation of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Data from toxicological and basic science/molecular studies, controlled animal and human exposures and human panel studies have demonstrated several mechanisms by which particle exposure may both trigger acute events as well as prompt the chronic development of cardiovascular diseases. These pollutant-mediated biological mechanisms are supporting the potential use of haematic (inflammation/coagulation/oxidative stress) markers of effects in cardio-respiratory diseases. Various examples from in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological investigations are reported, together with some novel technologies that should provide with new tools for research in these diseases and improve the knowledge about any linkage of local and systemic inflammation and clinical features of these diseases (in particular COPD), including lung function, exacerbations, disease progression, and mortality.
Laboratory of Toxicology and European Centre for Nanomedicine, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation Medical Institute and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. teresa.coccini@fsm.it
Teresa
T
Coccini
Luigi
L
Manzo
Uliana
U
De Simone
Davide
D
Acerbi
Elisa
E
Roda
D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced*
D015415:Biomarkers