Perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain in women with eating disorders: a population-based cohort study.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate adverse perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain trajectories in women with lifetime (current/past) eating disorders (ED: anorexia nervosa [AN] and bulimia nervosa [BN]).


METHODS
A longitudinal population-based birth cohort.


METHODS
Rotterdam, the Netherlands.


METHODS
Women who enrolled prenatally, had complete information on exposure (lifetime ED), and gave birth to a live singleton (n = 5256). Four groups of exposed women: lifetime AN (n = 129), lifetime BN (n = 209), lifetime AN + BN (n = 100), other lifetime psychiatric disorder (n = 1002) were compared with unexposed women (n = 3816).


METHODS
Perinatal outcomes and gestational weight gain were obtained from obstetric and midwifery records, self-report and objective measurements. Exposed women were compared with unexposed women within the cohort using linear, logistic regression and mixed models.


METHODS
Any pregnancy, delivery and postnatal complications. Birthweight adjusted for gestational age, prematurity (born <37 weeks), small-for-gestational age; maternal weight gain during pregnancy.


RESULTS
Maternal AN was positively associated with suspected fetal distress. No differences were found in mean birthweight, prevalence of a small-for-gestational-age, or premature birth. Relative to unexposed women, women with AN had, on average, a lower body weight but a higher rate of weight gain subsequently; whereas women with BN had a higher body weight but a lower rate of weight gain.


CONCLUSIONS
Maternal lifetime ED is associated with few adverse perinatal outcomes in this sample. Differential gestational weight gain patterns in women with AN and BN are consistent with possible biological compensatory mechanisms aimed at protecting the fetus.
Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK. n.micali@ucl.ac.uk
N
N
Micali
B
B
De Stavola
I
I
dos-Santos-Silva
J
J
Steenweg-de Graaff
P W
PW
Jansen
V W V
VW
Jaddoe
A
A
Hofman
F C
FC
Verhulst
E A P
EA
Steegers
H
H
Tiemeier
D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000150:complications*; D001724:Birth Weight; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D057566:Self Report; D015430:Weight Gain