Alteration in neonatal nutrition causes perturbations in hypothalamic neural circuits controlling reproductive function.
It is increasingly accepted that alterations of the early life environment may have lasting impacts on physiological functions. In particular, epidemiological and animal studies have indicated that changes in growth and nutrition during childhood and adolescence can impair reproductive function. However, the precise biological mechanisms that underlie these programming effects of neonatal nutrition on reproduction are still poorly understood. Here, we used a mouse model of divergent litter size to investigate the effects of early postnatal overnutrition and undernutrition on the maturation of hypothalamic circuits involved in reproductive function. Neonatally undernourished females display attenuated postnatal growth associated with delayed puberty and defective development of axonal projections from the arcuate nucleus to the preoptic region. These alterations persist into adulthood and specifically affect the organization of neural projections containing kisspeptin, a key neuropeptide involved in pubertal activation and fertility. Neonatal overfeeding also perturbs the development of neural projections from the arcuate nucleus to the preoptic region, but it does not result in alterations in kisspeptin projections. These studies indicate that alterations in the early nutritional environment cause lasting and deleterious effects on the organization of neural circuits involved in the control of reproduction, and that these changes are associated with lifelong functional perturbations.
INSERM, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, U837, University Lille 2, Lille 59045, France.
Emilie
E
Caron
Philippe
P
Ciofi
Vincent
V
Prevot
Sebastien G
SG
Bouret
D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001835:Body Weight; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D059648:Kisspeptins / Q000378:metabolism; D008098:Litter Size; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000502:physiology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D015287:Neurokinin B / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D044343:Overnutrition / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors
C491406:Kiss1 protein, rat; D059648:Kisspeptins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D015287:Neurokinin B; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone