Planar cell polarity and the developmental control of cell behavior in vertebrate embryos.
Planar cell polarity (PCP), the orientation and alignment of cells within a sheet, is a ubiquitous cellular property that is commonly governed by the conserved set of proteins encoded by so-called PCP genes. The PCP proteins coordinate developmental signaling cues with individual cell behaviors in a wildly diverse array of tissues. Consequently, disruptions of PCP protein functions are linked to defects in axis elongation, inner ear patterning, neural tube closure, directed ciliary beating, and left/right patterning, to name only a few. This review attempts to synthesize what is known about PCP and the PCP proteins in vertebrate animals, with a particular focus on the mechanisms by which individual cells respond to PCP cues in order to execute specific cellular behaviors.
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Section of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA. wallingford@mail.utexas.edu
John B
JB
Wallingford
D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division; D002465:Cell Movement; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002923:Cilia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006199:Hair Cells, Auditory, Inner / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D054259:Neural Tube / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
D008565:Membrane Proteins