Children's concepts of the urinary tract.
OBJECTIVE
To assess children's body concepts about anatomy and physiology of the urinary tract, children drew pictures responding to the question 'Where do you believe urine comes from?'


METHODS
A total of 152 children in three groups were examined. 81 children were out-patients. Of these, 36 children were being seen for the first time and 45 children had previously undergone bladder and bowel group training. They were compared to 71 continent controls. Children were given a body silhouette, in which they drew their view of the urinary tract.


RESULTS
Half of the children (52.6%) drew a bladder and other organs; nearly 43% drew a tube or other anatomically incorrect pictures. Significant differences were found for group and age. Children who had undergone the group training more often drew a bladder and other organs (80%). Correct pictures and pictures of bladder and other organs were more common from children aged 11-16 years.


CONCLUSIONS
Children have subjective concepts of the urinary tract which do not follow actual anatomy and physiology. For medical interventions as well as any training programmes, it is essential to understand these concepts and provide instructions in a child-centred and developmentally adequate way.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Saar, Germany. monika.equit@uks.eu
Monika
M
Equit
Heike
H
Sambach
Justine
J
Niemczyk
Alexander
A
von Gontard
D000293:Adolescent; D001828:Body Image; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014553:Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena