High-intensity interval training improves peak oxygen uptake and muscular exercise capacity in heart transplant recipients.
Heart transplant (HTx) recipients usually have reduced exercise capacity with reported VO(2peak)  levels of 50-70% predicted value. Our hypothesis was that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an applicable and safe form of exercise in HTx recipients and that it would markedly improve VO(2peak.)  Secondarily, we wanted to evaluate central and peripheral mechanisms behind a potential VO(2peak)  increase. Forty-eight clinically stable HTx recipients >18 years old and 1-8 years after HTx underwent maximal exercise testing on a treadmill and were randomized to either exercise group (a 1-year HIIT-program) or control group (usual care). The mean ± SD age was 51 ± 16 years, 71% were male and time from HTx was 4.1 ± 2.2 years. The mean VO(2peak)  difference between groups at follow-up was 3.6 [2.0, 5.2] mL/kg/min (p < 0.001). The exercise group had 89.0 ± 17.5% of predicted VO(2peak)  versus 82.5 ± 20.0 in the control group (p < 0.001). There were no changes in cardiac function measured by echocardiography. We have demonstrated that a long-term, partly supervised and community-based HIIT-program is an applicable, effective and safe way to improve VO(2peak) , muscular exercise capacity and general health in HTx recipients. The results indicate that HIIT should be more frequently used among stable HTx recipients in the future.
Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital HF Rikshospitalet, Norway. knytroen@ous-hf.no
K
K
Nytrøen
L A
LA
Rustad
P
P
Aukrust
T
T
Ueland
J
J
Hallén
I
I
Holm
K
K
Rolid
T
T
Lekva
A E
AE
Fiane
J P
JP
Amlie
S
S
Aakhus
L
L
Gullestad
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000601:surgery; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012016:Reference Values; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric