Mitochondrial sirtuins: regulators of protein acylation and metabolism.
Sirtuins are NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylases and have been implicated in the regulation of metabolism, stress responses, and aging. Three sirtuins are located in mitochondria: SIRT3, 4, and 5. SIRT3 deacetylates and regulates the enzymatic activity of many metabolic enzymes in mitochondria, whereas SIRT5 removes two novel post-translational modifications, lysine malonylation and succinylation. Here, we review the current knowledge of how mitochondrial sirtuins function in metabolism and metabolic diseases, and offer a conceptual model how they may regulate mitochondrial function through distinct deacylation activities (deacetylation, demalonylation, or desuccinylation).
Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Wenjuan
W
He
John C
JC
Newman
Margaret Z
MZ
Wang
Linh
L
Ho
Eric
E
Verdin
D000215:Acylation; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000378:metabolism*
D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D037761:Sirtuins