title: Endovascular management of spinal arteriovenous malformations.
abstract: Spinal arteriovenous malformations (sAVMs) are rare vascular lesions whose natural history remains incompletely defined. Several classification schemes for sAVMs have evolved based on an improved understanding of the anatomic characteristics as well as pathophysiologic behavior of these arteriovenous shunts. Advances in endovascular technology have inspired the adoption of interventional techniques both as stand-alone treatment and as part of a multi-modality management paradigm for sAVMs. Further refinements in liquid embolic agents as well as improved microcatheter navigability will contribute to an ever-expanding role for endovascular intervention in the management of these lesions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Ducruet
authors.forename: R Webster
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.forename: Cameron G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: McDougall
authors.forename: Felipe C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
mesh_terms: D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000601:surgery; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000601:surgery; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008866:Microsurgery; D016634:Radiosurgery; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000601:surgery; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome