title: Design of deformable chitosan microspheres loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for embolotherapy detectable by magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to design chitosan microspheres (MS) loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) suitable for anti-cancer embolotherapy detectable by MRI. Deformable chitosan MS loaded with varying SPIO concentrations (SPIO-chitosan MS) were prepared by ionotropic gelation and a porogenic technique using polyethylene glycol, followed by genipin crosslinking. Adding SPIO nanoparticles to chitosan MS did not significantly affect the chitosan MS morphology. An in vitro phantom study led to selecting SPIO-chitosan MS prepared with 1.0 mM SPIO for an in vivo MR traceability study. SPIO-chitosan MS could be identified following embolization in the renal artery by MRI at 18 weeks. Histological and pathological evidence also showed that SPIO-chitosan MS blocked and remained in the target vessels. Therefore, deformable SPIO-chitosan MS is MR-detectable embolic material with a possible application for anti-cancer embolotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Formulation Design Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hyeong-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ga-Hyeon
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byung-Kook
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Ji-Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyo-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kuh
authors.forename: Jaehwi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008280:Magnetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011817:Rabbits; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide; D048271:Chitosan