title: S-nitrosoglutathione-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster: Delayed pupation and induced mild oxidative/nitrosative stress in eclosed flies.
abstract: The toxicity of the nitric oxide donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) was tested on the Drosophila melanogaster model system. Fly larvae were raised on food supplemented with GSNO at concentrations of 1.0, 1.5 or 4.0mM. Food supplementation with GSNO caused a developmental delay in the flies. Biochemical analyses of oxidative stress markers and activities of antioxidant and associated enzymes were carried out on 2-day-old flies that emerged from control larvae and larvae fed on food supplemented with GSNO. Larval exposure to GSNO resulted in lower activities of aconitase in both sexes and also lower activities of catalase and isocitrate dehydrogenase in adult males relative to the control cohort. Larval treatment with GSNO resulted in higher carbonyl protein content and higher activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in males and higher activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase in both sexes. Among the parameters tested, aconitase activity and developmental end points may be useful early indicators of toxicity caused by GSNO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University named after Vassyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine.
authors.forename: Oleksandr V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Lozinsky
authors.forename: Oleh V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Lushchak
authors.forename: Natalia I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Kryshchuk
authors.forename: Natalia Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Shchypanska
authors.forename: Anna H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Riabkina
authors.forename: Stanislava V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Skarbek
authors.forename: Ivan V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Maksymiv
authors.forename: Janet M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Storey
authors.forename: Kenneth B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Storey
authors.forename: Volodymyr I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Lushchak
mesh_terms: D000154:Aconitate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D011679:Pupa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003470:Culture Media; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009573:Nitrites; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D026422:S-Nitrosoglutathione; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000154:Aconitate Hydratase