title: Effect of vertical sleeve gastrectomy on food selection and satiation in rats.
abstract: Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is a restrictive procedure that reduces food intake to produce weight loss. Here we assess volume and nutrient effects on the ingestive behavior of VSG and sham surgery animals. Rats given access to Ensure or pelleted chow were used to determine if liquid foods would adversely affect weight loss after surgery. Volume effects were studied by altering the caloric density of Ensure, and dietary preferences for fat and carbohydrate (sucrose) were assessed using a two-bottle test. c-Fos was used to measure neuronal activation in the nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema in response to intragastric infusions of water, sucrose, or Intralipid. The degree of colocalization with catecholaminergic neurons was also assessed. VSG rats did not show the expected preference for a liquid diet over chow and lacked dietary preferences for fat seen in shams. Preferences for carbohydrate/sucrose solutions were unaffected by surgery. Meal size was reduced by VSG; however, VSG rats were able to alter their volume of intake to compensate for changes in caloric density, and intragastric infusions of water produced similar levels of neuronal activation among VSG, sham, and pair-fed rats. In comparison, nutrient-induced c-Fos activation was substantially increased by VSG. Colocalization between c-Fos and catecholaminergic-expressing neurons was similar among rats treated with water, sucrose, or Intralipid. VSG alters nutrient sensing in a manner that lowers the threshold for satiety and reduces fat preference to induce and maintain weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Diseases Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA. adam.chambers@uc.edu
authors.forename: Adam P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.forename: Hilary E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Wilson-Perez
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Bernadette E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Grayson
authors.forename: Karen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: D'Alessio
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Darleen A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sandoval
authors.forename: Randy J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Seeley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D004655:Emulsions / Q000494:pharmacology; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000502:physiology*; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D008297:Male; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology*; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D013270:Stomach / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013395:Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004655:Emulsions; D010743:Phospholipids; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; C545823:soybean oil, phospholipid emulsion; D014867:Water; D013395:Sucrose; D013024:Soybean Oil; D004299:Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase