title: Favourable outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with mefloquine treatment in combination with antiretroviral therapy in an HIV-infected patient.
abstract: A 33-year-old man who developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with HIV infection is reported. The patient exhibited rapid decline in neurological status after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which was attributed to the PML-immune re-constitution inflammatory syndrome. Following the administration of mefloquine in combination with ART, the patient's neurological status improved substantially. This case suggests that further investigation of the use of mefloquine might be warranted for treatment of PML in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Research Hospital of The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koibuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007577:JC Virus / Q000187:drug effects; D007968:Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D015767:Mefloquine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059906:Neuroimaging
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015767:Mefloquine