title: Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica: four cases.
abstract: Tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica (TO) is a rare and benign disorder of unknown cause affecting the large airways. It is characterized by the presence of multiple osseous and cartilaginous nodules in the submucosa of the trachea and main bronchi that is characterized by the progression of submucosal bone and/or cartilage including nodules through the lumen of trachea and bronchus. We present four cases that were diagnosed TO while investigating for the causes of hemoptysis and chronic cough. We plan to emphasize TO in differential diagnosis in proper patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Izmir Dr. Suat Seren Chest Diseases and Surgery Training Hospital, Yenisehir, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dursun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tatar
authors.forename: Gunes
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Senol
authors.forename: Atike
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Gulru
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Polat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010009:Osteochondrodysplasias / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014133:Tracheal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*