title: Aqueous humor concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelium-derived factor in high myopic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the aqueous humor levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) in high myopic eyes and control eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aqueous humor samples were collected from 21 highly myopic eyes of 20 patients (high myopia group) and from 30 cataract eyes of 30 patients with no choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or other ocular or systemic diseases (control group). Of the 21 high myopic eyes, 13 had no complications secondary to high myopia (high myopia with no complications group), 3 had posterior staphyloma (high myopia with staphyloma group), and 5 had chorioretinal atrophy (high myopia with chorioretinal atrophy group). The aqueous humor levels of VEGF and PEDF were determined by using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aqueous humor levels of VEGF were significantly lower in the high myopia group compared to that in the control group (p<0.001). VEGF levels decreased with an increase in the axial length (p<0.001). PEDF levels tended to be higher in the high myopia group compared to that in the control group; however, the difference was not significant. Three high myopia groups had significantly lower VEGF/PEDF ratios than the control group (p=0.000, 0.002, and 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aqueous humor levels of VEGF in the high myopia group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The differing levels of VEGF and PEDF in the high myopia and control groups suggest that high myopia disrupts the VEGF/PEDF balance in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Woo Ho
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Soo Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Joo Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ha Kyoung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000737:chemistry*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002386:Cataract / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003317:Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015843:Serpins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D005136:Eye Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D015843:Serpins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor; C467484:VEGFA protein, human