title: Quantitative evaluation of viability- and apoptosis-related genes in Ascaris suum eggs under different culture-temperature conditions.
abstract: Ascaris suum eggs are inactivated by composting conditions; however, it is difficult to find functional changes in heat-treated A. suum eggs. Here, unembryonated A. suum eggs were incubated at 20°C, 50°C, and 70°C in vitro, and the gene expression levels related to viability, such as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (IF4E), phosphofructokinase 1 (PFK1), and thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), and to apoptosis, such as apoptosis-inducing factor 1 (AIF1) and cell death protein 6 (CDP6), were evaluated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. No prominent morphological alterations were noted in the eggs at 20°C until day 10. In contrast, the eggs developed rapidly, and embryonated eggs and hatched larvae began to die, starting on day 2 at 50°C and day 1 at 70°C. At 20°C, IF4E, PFK1, and TRX1 mRNA expression was significantly increased from days 2-4; however, AIF1 and CDP6 mRNA expression was not changed significantly. IF4E, PFK1, and TRX1 mRNA expression was markedly decreased from day 2 at 50° and 70°C, whereas AIF1 and CDP6 mRNA expression was significantly increased. The expressions of HSP70 and HSP90 were detected for 9-10 days at 20°C, for 3-5 days at 50°C, and for 2 days at 70°C. Taken together, incremental heat increases were associated with the rapid development of A. suum eggs, decreased expression of genes related to viability, and earlier expression of apoptosis-related genes, and finally these changes of viability- and apoptosis-related genes of A. suum eggs were associated with survival of the eggs under temperature stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Man
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: You-Hang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Young-Nam
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.forename: Juan Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: In-Wook
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Young-Ha
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D017165:Ascaris suum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000528:radiation effects; D004531:Eggs / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013696:Temperature