title: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs): synthesis and surface modification techniques for use with MRI and other biomedical applications.
abstract: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) comprise a fundamental technology class within the emerging field of nanomedicine, and have been extensively researched for cancer imaging and therapy. This review article will discuss the chemistry and design considerations associated with the synthesis of SPIONs and their incorporation into pharmaceutical formulations. Specific synthesis methods discussed include coprecipitation, thermal decomposition, microemulsion and solvothermal synthesis, as well as surface treatments and encapsulations to improve the nanoparticle biocompatibility and efficacy. Emerging applications of novel particle designs as MRI contrast agents are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1.
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoffe
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leshuk
authors.forename: Perry
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Everett
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D060526:Magnetic Fields; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide