title: Management of mixed urinary incontinence.
abstract: Mixed urinary incontinence accounts for 33% of all incontinence and is the involuntary loss of urine associated with the sensation of urgency; it is also associated with exertion, sneezing or coughing. Risk factors include vaginal delivery, obesity, age and possible genetic factors. Treatment includes lifestyle changes, behavioral therapies, medication and nerve modulation. Surgery with midurethral slings can cure both stress and urge components in 40-50% of cases. Future therapies may include new medications adapting potassium and calcium channels and more widespread use of sacral neuromodulation. This review focuses on the investigation and optimal management of mixed urinary incontinence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK. rosamundgrimshaw@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Rosamund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grimshaw
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Pallavi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Latthe
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*