title: Effect of 9p21 genetic variation on coronary heart disease is not modified by other risk markers. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the 9p21 SNP association with coronary heart disease is modified by other classical or novel risk markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 9p21 SNP (rs10757274) and multiple risk markers were measured in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, and incident coronary disease events were ascertained. Effect modification (interaction) of the 9p21 SNP with risk markers was tested in Cox proportional hazard regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence rates of coronary heart disease per 1000 person-years were 14.4, 17.0, and 18.7 for AA, AG, and GG genotypes, yielding hazard ratios of 1.0, 1.20 (95% CI = 1.07-1.36), and 1.34 (95% CI = 1.16-1.53). There was no meaningful evidence of an interaction (all p-interaction > 0.04) between 9p21 SNP and any of 14 other risk markers for coronary heart disease. These included novel markers not previously explored for 9p21 interaction (e.g., cardiac troponin T and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study extends evidence that the 9p21 SNP association with coronary heart disease is not modified by classical or novel risk markers. Our findings therefore rule out additional plausible pathways by which 9p21 might have increased coronary heart disease risk.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 South 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. folso001@umn.edu
authors.forename: Aaron R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Folsom
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nambi
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pankow
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Kian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Farbakhsh
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boerwinkle
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002899:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers