title: The laying of live larvae by the blowfly Calliphora varifrons (Diptera: Calliphoridae).
abstract: This study examined larviposition in Calliphora varifrons Malloch (Diptera: Calliphoridae), an ovoviviparous blowfly of forensic importance in Western Australia. Females took 1.5 min (mean 89±10.0s, n=42) to deposit their live, first instar larvae (average body length 2.5 mm) on fresh liver in the laboratory. Females laid an average of 30 live larvae (mean of 29.9±1.2, n=50) at a rate of 1 larva every 2 s (mean of 0.46±0.05 larvae/s, n=42). Most females (66%) laid live larvae only, but 18% laid fully developed eggs (half of the egg masses laid by individual females were viable) and 16% laid live larvae and some eggs at the same time. Females laying only eggs laid a mean of 24.1±3.0, n=10 eggs on each occasion. Field females carried between 20 and 44 live larvae (mean of 33.4±1.0, n=49) with a strong linear relationship between female size and number of live larvae. In the laboratory, females typically laid larvae in multiple locations. Very few females (<8%) retained some larvae in their ovisacs, retaining on average, half of their complement of developed larvae. Those larvae retained had begun to be resorbed by the female with necrosis evident on the posterior segments.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Forensic Science, University of Western Australia, M420, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. dfcook@faculty.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Sasha C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.forename: Ian R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Dadour
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004175:Diptera / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva; D010058:Oviposition / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors