title: Hydrolysis of chicoric and caftaric acids with esterases and Lactobacillus johnsonii in Vitro and in a gastrointestinal model.
abstract: Chicoric acid (ChA) and caftaric acid (CafA) were identified as bioactive components of chicory and have been ascribed a number of health benefits. This study investigated the hydrolysis of ChA and CafA with enzymes and a probiotic bacterium  Lactobacillus johnsonii  (La1). Esterase from  Aspergillus japonicus  (24 U/mg) hydrolyzed 100% of ChA (5 mM) and CafA (5 mM) after 3 h, at pH 7.0 and 37 °C. Under the same reaction conditions, 100% hydrolysis of ChA and CafA was achieved with a spray-dried preparation of La1. The addition of La1 (100 mg/mL, 3.3 E9 cfu/g) to CafA solution in a gastrointestinal model (GI model) resulted in 65% hydrolysis of CafA. This model simulates the physicochemical conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract. No hydrolysis of CafA was observed after passage through the GI model in the absence of La1. The results of this study support the hypothesis that ChA and CafA are degraded by gut microflora before absorption and metabolization.
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Centre, Nestec Ltd., Vers-chez-les-Blanc, P.O. Box 44, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland. rachid.bel-rhlid@rdls.nestle.com
authors.forename: Rachid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bel-Rhlid
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pagé-Zoerkler
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fumeaux
authors.forename: Thang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ho-Dac
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chuat
authors.forename: Jean Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sauvageat
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raab
mesh_terms: D001230:Aspergillus / Q000201:enzymology; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018651:Cichorium intybus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004950:Esterases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics / Q000737:chemistry; D013386:Succinates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010636:Phenols; D013386:Succinates; D004950:Esterases; C100435:chicoric acid; C515101:caftaric acid