title: Transperineal ultrasound compared to evacuation proctography for diagnosing enteroceles and intussusceptions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study concerns the level of agreement between transperineal ultrasound and evacuation proctography for diagnosing enteroceles and intussusceptions.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective observational study, 50 consecutive women who were planned to have an evacuation proctography underwent transperineal ultrasound too. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive value, as well as the positive and negative likelihood ratio of transperineal ultrasound were assessed in comparison to evacuation proctography. To determine the interobserver agreement of transperineal ultrasound, the quadratic weighted kappa was calculated. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to show the diagnostic capability of transperineal ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For diagnosing intussusceptions (PPV 1.00), a positive finding on transperineal ultrasound was predictive of an abnormal evacuation proctography. Sensitivity of transperineal ultrasound was poor for intussusceptions (0.25). For diagnosing enteroceles, the positive likelihood ratio was 2.10 and the negative likelihood ratio, 0.85. There are many false-positive findings of enteroceles on ultrasonography (PPV 0.29). The interobserver agreement of the two ultrasonographers assessed as the quadratic weighted kappa of diagnosing enteroceles was 0.44 and that of diagnosing intussusceptions was 0.23.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An intussusception on ultrasound is predictive of an abnormal evacuation proctography. For diagnosing enteroceles, the diagnostic quality of transperineal ultrasound was limited compared to evacuation proctography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands. m.weemhoff@mumc.nl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weemhoff
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Kluivers
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Govaert
authors.forename: J L H
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Evers
authors.forename: A G H
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kessels
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Baeten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006547:Hernia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007443:Intussusception / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010502:Perineum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011351:Proctoscopy; D012372:ROC Curve; D012015:Reference Standards; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014463:Ultrasonography