title: [Oncogenic osteomalacia and its symptoms: hypophosphatemia, bone pain and pathological fractures].
abstract: Oncogenic osteomalacia (OOM) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome induced by tumor produced phosphaturic factors, i.e. phosphatonins. The disorder is characterized by renal tubular phosphate loss, secondary to this process hypophosphatemia and defective production of active form of vitamin D. The clinical course of oncogenic osteomalacia is characterized by bone pain, pathological fractures, muscle weakness and general fatigue. Osteomalacia-associated tumors are usually located in the upper and lower limbs, with half of the lesions primarily situated in the bones. Most of them are small, slow-growing tumors. Their insignificant size and various location coupled with rare occurrence of the disease and non-specificity of clinical symptoms lead to difficulties in reaching a diagnosis, which is often time-consuming and requires a number of additional tests. The average time between the appearance of the first symptoms and the establishment of an accurate diagnosis and the beginning of treatment is over 2.5 years. The aim of this study is to discuss the pathophysiology of disease symptoms, pathomorphology of tumors, diagnostic methods and treatment of oncogenic osteomalacia.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Endokrynologii i Chorób Wewnętrznych, Gdański Uniwersytet Medyczny, Gdańsk. sonia.kaniuka@gumed.edu.pl
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaniuka-Jakubowska
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Biernat
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sworczak
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D017674:Hypophosphatemia / Q000209:etiology*; D009372:Neoplasms, Connective Tissue / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D010018:Osteomalacia; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D002762:Cholecalciferol; D013004:Somatostatin; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23