title: Frequency and microbiology of peritonitis and exit-site infection among obese peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data on obesity as a risk factor for peritonitis and catheter infections among peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are limited. Furthermore, little is known about the microbiology of PD-related infections among patients with a high body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a cohort that included all adult patients residing in the province of Manitoba who received PD during the period 1997 - 2007, we studied the relationship between BMI and PD-related infections. After categorizing patients into quartiles of BMI, a multivariate Cox regression model was used to determine the independent relationship between BMI and peritonitis or exit-site infection (ESI). We also studied whether increasing BMI was associated with a propensity to infections with particular organisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 990 PD patients, 938 (95%) had accurate BMI data available. Those 938 patients experienced 1338 peritonitis episodes and 1194 exit-site infections. In unadjusted analyses, patients in the highest BMI quartile (median: 33.5; interquartile range: 31.9 - 36.4) had an increased risk of peritonitis overall, and also an increased risk of peritonitis with gram-positive organisms and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS). After multivariate adjustment for age, sex, diabetes, cause of renal disease, Aboriginal race, PD modality, and S. aureus nasal carriage, the relationship between overall peritonitis risk and BMI disappeared, but the increased risk of CNS peritonitis among patients in the highest BMI quartile persisted (hazard ratio: 1.80; 95% confidence interval: 1.06 to 3.06; p = 0.03). There was no increased risk of ESI among patients in the highest BMI quartile on univariate analysis or after multivariate adjustment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among Canadian PD patients, obesity was not associated with an increased risk of peritonitis overall, but may be associated with a higher risk of CNS peritonitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Jewish General Hospital, and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. sharon.nessim@mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Sharon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Nessim
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Komenda
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigatto
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verrelli
authors.forename: Manish M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sood
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002170:Canada; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D062666:Vascular Access Devices / Q000009:adverse effects