title: Diagnostic accuracy of statistical pattern recognition of electroencephalogram registration in evaluation of cognitive impairment and dementia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is still a need for simple, noninvasive, and inexpensive methods to diagnose the causes of cognitive impairment and dementia. In this study, contemporary statistical methods were used to classify the clinical cases of cognitive impairment based on electroencephalograms (EEG).
  
  
  METHODS
  An EEG database was established from seven different groups of subjects with cognitive impairment and dementia as well as healthy controls. A classifier was created for each possible pair of groups using statistical pattern recognition (SPR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A good-to-excellent separation was found when differentiating cases of degenerative disorders from controls, vascular disorders, and depression but this was less so when the likelihood of comorbidity was high.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using EEG with SPR seems to be a reliable method for diagnosing the causes of cognitive impairment and dementia, but comorbidity must be taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Memory Clinic, Geriatric Department, National University Hospital, Reykjavík, Iceland. jsnaedal@landspitali.is
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Snaedal
authors.forename: Gisli Holmar
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Johannesson
authors.forename: Thorkell Eli
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Gudmundsson
authors.forename: Nicolas Petur
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Blin
authors.forename: Asdis Lilja
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Emilsdottir
authors.forename: Bjorn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Einarsson
authors.forename: Kristinn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johnsen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009662:Nortropanes; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D012372:ROC Curve; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D009662:Nortropanes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C519528:ioflupane