title: Cytokine profiles in HIV-1 subtype CRF01_AE infected individuals with different rates of diseases progression: a multiplex immunoassay.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cytokines play an important role in controlling the homeostasis of the immune system and contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV infection. The measurement soluble cytokines in plasma of HIV-1 infected individuals with different rates of disease progression may provide additional information to complement prognostic markers and understand disease process. The aim of the present study was to determine the cytokine profiles in plasma of Thai HIV-1 CRFO1_AE infected individuals with different rates of disease progression by using a multiplex system for simultaneous detection of 7 cytokines.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors used a multiplex immunoassay method to measure 7 cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-15 and IFN-gamma) in plasma of 23 progressors (PRs; symptomatic or AIDS within 5 years and CD4+ < 200/mm3), 23 slower progressors (SPs; asymptomatic more than 5 years and CD4+ > 350/mm3) and 23 normal healthy individuals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both PRs and SPs demonstrated significantly higher levels of IL-7, IL-10 and IFN-gamma than healthy controls (p < 0.05). No significant difference in IL-6 between SPs and healthy controls but significant difference between RPs and controls were found. Furthermore, PRs showed significantly higher levels of plasma IL-6 (p = 0.001), IL-7 (p = 0.016), IL-10 (p < 0.001) and IFN-gamma (p = 0.026) than SPs. No significant difference in IL-2, IL-4 and IL-15 was found among 3 groups (PRs, SPs and healthy control).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that a Th1 to Th2 cytokine switch did not occur. However, the measurements of plasma levels of cytokines could be used for predicting disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand. ThippawanC@afrims.org
authors.forename: Thippawan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chuenchitra
authors.forename: Pittapun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaitaveep
authors.forename: Suchitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sukwit
authors.forename: Sukchai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dettrairat
authors.forename: Sutchana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabprasit
authors.forename: Surangrat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srisurapanon
authors.forename: Surapol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohreanudom
authors.forename: Dolnapat
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuvanont
authors.forename: Ruengpung
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sutthent
authors.forename: Narongrid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sirisopana
authors.forename: Sorachai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nitayaphan
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines