title: Silkworms can be used as an animal model to screen and evaluate gouty therapeutic drugs.
abstract: In the past few decades, the mouse has been used as a mammalian model for hyperuricemia and gout, which has increased not only in prevalence, but also in clinical complexity, accentuated in part by a dearth of novel advances in treatments for hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis. However, the use of mice for the development of gouty therapeutic drugs creates a number of problems. Thus, identification and evaluation of the therapeutic effects of chemicals in an alternative animal model is desirable. In the present study, the effects of gouty therapeutic drugs on lowering the content of uric acid and inhibiting activity of xanthine oxidase were evaluated by using a silkworm model, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). The results showed that the effectiveness of oral administration of various gouty therapeutic drugs to 5(th) instar silkworms is consistent with results for human. The activity of xanthine oxidase of silkworm treated with allopurinol was lower, and declined in a dose-dependent manner compared with control silkworms, while sodium bicarbonate failed at inhibiting the activity of xanthine oxidase. The concentration of uric acid in the both hemolymph and fat body declined by 90 and 95% at six days post-administration with 25 mg/mL of allopurinol, respectively (p < 0.01), while the concentration of uric acid in both the hemolymph and fat body also declined by 81 and 95% at six days post-administration with 25 mg/mL of sodium bicarbonate, respectively (p < 0.01). Moreover, the epidermis of silkworm treated with allopurinol or sodium bicarbonate became transparent compared with the negative control group. These results suggest that silkworm larva can be used as an animal model for screening and evaluation of gouty therapeutic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Pre-clinical Medical and Biological Science College, Soochow University, Suzhou China. xiaoliaza@126.com
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Renyu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Guangli
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Xiaojian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Chengliang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D005216:Fat Body / Q000378:metabolism; D006073:Gout / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006074:Gout Suppressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000378:metabolism; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006074:Gout Suppressants; D019476:Insect Proteins; D014527:Uric Acid; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase