title: Pneumococcal carriage in children attending a hospital outpatient clinic in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in Barcelona.
abstract: Between April 2004 and March 2006 an oropharyngeal swab was obtained from 502 asymptomatic children, aged 6 months to 6 years, at a tertiary children's hospital outpatient department to assess the pneumococcal colonisation rate, risk factors, serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility. Only 126 (25.3%) children had received ≥ 1 dose of PCV7. The pneumococcal carriage rate was 23.5%. Carrier rates were significantly higher in children aged ≥ 24 months and children attending daycare center. Thirty six (31.0%) of the isolates were contained in PCV7, 39 (33.6%) in PCV10 and 62 (53.4%) in PCV13. Forty-four strains (37.9%) were resistant to penicillin. Vaccine serotype (VT) strains were more likely to be penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae than non-PCV7 serotype (NVT) strains (66.7% vs. 21.6%; P < 0.001). In our pediatric population, NVT were predominant among pneumococcal carriers whereas antibiotic resistance was significantly associated with VT. PCV13 can substantially increase the serotype coverage of S.pneumoniae in healthy carriers.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Bou
authors.forename: Juan Jose
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Garcia-Garcia
authors.forename: Amadeu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gene
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Esteva
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: del Amo
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Almagro
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D012703:Serotyping; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: C538863:10-valent pneumococcal vaccine; C538862:13-valent pneumococcal vaccine; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines