title: Dissociated neural processing for decisions in managers and non-managers.
abstract: Functional neuroimaging studies of decision-making so far mainly focused on decisions under uncertainty or negotiation with other persons. Dual process theory assumes that, in such situations, decision making relies on either a rapid intuitive, automated or a slower rational processing system. However, it still remains elusive how personality factors or professional requirements might modulate the decision process and the underlying neural mechanisms. Since decision making is a key task of managers, we hypothesized that managers, facing higher pressure for frequent and rapid decisions than non-managers, prefer the heuristic, automated decision strategy in contrast to non-managers. Such different strategies may, in turn, rely on different neural systems. We tested managers and non-managers in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study using a forced-choice paradigm on word-pairs. Managers showed subcortical activation in the head of the caudate nucleus, and reduced hemodynamic response within the cortex. In contrast, non-managers revealed the opposite pattern. With the head of the caudate nucleus being an initiating component for process automation, these results supported the initial hypothesis, hinting at automation during decisions in managers. More generally, the findings reveal how different professional requirements might modulate cognitive decision processing.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany. s.caspers@fz-juelich.de
authors.forename: Svenja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caspers
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heim
authors.forename: Marc G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Egon
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stephan
authors.forename: Lorenz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amunts
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zilles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D059907:Functional Neuroimaging; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors