title: Patterns of protective factors in an intervention for the prevention of suicide and alcohol abuse with Yup'ik Alaska Native youth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Community-based participatory research (CBPR) with American Indian and Alaska Native communities creates distinct interventions, complicating cross-setting comparisons.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to develop a method for quantifying intervention exposure in CBPR interventions that differ in their forms across communities, permitting multi-site evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Attendance data from 195 youth from three Yup'ik communities were coded for the specific protective factor exposure of each youth, based on information from the intervention manual. The coded attendance data were then submitted to latent class analysis to obtain participation patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patterns of exposure to protective factors were obtained: Internal, External, Limits, Community/family, and Low Protection. Patterns differed significantly by community and youth age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standardizing interventions by the functions an intervention serves (protective factors promoted) instead of their forms or components (specific activities) can assist in refining CBPR interventions and evaluating effects in culturally distinct settings.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA. dhenry@uic.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Carlotta Ching Ting
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Fok
authors.forename: Stacy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasmus
authors.forename: Bill
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Charles
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000413:Alaska / Q000453:epidemiology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research / Q000379:methods*; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004930:Inuit; D008297:Male; D013405:Suicide / Q000208:ethnology; D000092864:Suicide Prevention