title: A translational study of urine miRNAs in acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: The currently used biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are blood creatinine phosphokinase-muscle band (CPK-MB), troponin-T (TnT), and troponin I (TnI). However, no good biomarkers are identified in urine after AMI, because these blood protein biomarkers are difficult to be filtered into urine. In this study, the role of urine microRNAs in the diagnosis of AMI and the mechanism involved were determined. We found that urine miR-1 was quickly increased in rats after AMI with peak at 24h after AMI, in which an over 50-fold increase was demonstrated. At 7 days after AMI, the urine miR-1 level was returned to the basal level. No miR-208 was found in normal urine. In urine from rats with AMI, miR-208 was easily detected. To determine the mechanism involved, we determined the levels of heart-released miR-1 in the liver, spleen and kidney after AMI in rats and found that the kidney was an important metabolic organ. To determine the renal elimination of blood miRNAs, we isolated serum exosomes from rats after AMI and injected these exosomes into the circulating blood of normal rats. We found that the urine miR-1 was significantly increased in exosome-injected animals. Moreover, PKH67-labeled exosomes injected into circulating blood could enter into the kidney tissues and cells, as well as urine. Furthermore, the levels of urine miR-1 were significantly increased in patients with AMI. The results suggest that urine miRNAs such as miR-1 could be novel urine biomarkers for AMI.
authors.affiliation: Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Pharmacology, Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Yunhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Xiaobin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Zhuang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhongcai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Chunxiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D020871:RNA Stability; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C544547:MIRN1 microRNA, human; C542191:MIRN1 microRNA, rat; C569395:MIRN208 microRNA, rat; D035683:MicroRNAs