title: MicroRNAs in HIV-1 infection: an integration of viral and cellular interaction at the genomic level.
abstract: The microRNA pathways govern complex interactions of the host and virus at the transcripts level that regulate cellular responses, viral replication and viral pathogenesis. As a group of single-stranded short non-coding ribonucleotides (ncRNAs), the microRNAs complement their messenger RNA (mRNA) targets to effect post-transcriptional or translational gene silencing. Previous studies showed the ability of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) to encode microRNAs which modify cellular defence mechanisms thus creating an environment favorable for viral invasion and replication. In corollary, cellular microRNAs were linked to the alteration of HIV-1 infection at different stages of replication and latency. As evidences further establish the regulatory involvement of both cellular and viral microRNA in HIV-1-host interactions, there is a necessity to organize this information. This paper would present current and emerging knowledge on these multi-dimensional interactions that may facilitate the design of microRNAs as effective antiretroviral reagents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Neil H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Tan Gana
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Onuki
authors.forename: Ann Florence B
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Victoriano
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto