title: Ablation of complex fractionated atrial electrograms in catheter ablation for AF; where have we been and where are we going?
abstract: Catheter ablation for persistent AF remains a challenge to the ablator as the disease is now outside the veins and cannot be tackled by pulmonary vein isolation alone. In this article we describe targeting complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) as a method to guide atrial substrate modification.
authors.affiliation: Arrhythmia Service, Division of Cardiology, Kingston General Hospital, Queen's University, 76 Stuart St, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Redfearn
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans