title: Mechanism and efficacy of mobilization of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of chronic hepatic failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the efficacy of G-CSF mobilization in the treatment of chronic liver failure (CLF) and the mechanism of its action.
  
  
  METHODS
  The proportions of cluster-of-differentiation (CD)-34+ cells and their receptor-CXCR4 were detected by flow cytometry in patients with different types of chronic HBV infection. The levels of chemokines and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of CD34+ cells in patients with cirrhosis was significantly increased compared with the healthy controls (p<0.05) and was increased obviously after treatment by G-CSF mobilization (p<0.01). The expression levels of SDF-1, SCF and MMP-9 were significantly elevated in patients with chronic hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis (p<0.01). The expression levels of SCF and MMP-9 were significantly elevated after treatment with G-CSF (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in the levels of total bilirubin, albumin and prothrombin time between the treated and control groups; furthermore, no significant differences were observed in the cure and improvement rates between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The basal levels of stem cell mobilization in patients with liver cirrhosis might be associated with the repair of liver injury. G-CSF could promote hematopoietic stem cell mobilization through regulation of the expression levels of stem-cell-mobilization-related factors in patients with liver cirrhosis. No apparent effects of G-CSF therapy on both liver function and short-term prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis were confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China. xingtj518@sina.com
authors.forename: Tong-Jing
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Hong-Tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jian-Chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Xian
authors.forename: Mei-Long
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Li-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000032:analysis; D058625:End Stage Liver Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000032:analysis; D019089:Stem Cell Factor / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; C527276:CXCR4 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D019089:Stem Cell Factor; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9