title: Undeniable need for ultrafast-acting insulin: the pediatric perspective.
abstract: Insulin therapy in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) poses a special challenge because childhood is an unsteady state with increasing weight, height, and caloric needs, leading to varying insulin requirements. The current rapid-acting insulin analogs are not as fast and short-acting as needed to meet these challenges. This review describes the unique characteristics of insulin action in youth with T1DM based on previously published euglycemic clamp studies. It also explains the rationale behind the need for ultrafast-acting insulins to advance open- and closed-loop insulin therapy for the pediatric population with diabetes. Lastly, it briefly summarizes ongoing and future projects to accelerate insulin action in youth with T1DM.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. Eda.Cengiz@yale.edu
authors.forename: Eda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cengiz
mesh_terms: D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004704:Endocrinology / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems; D061266:Insulin, Short-Acting / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D061266:Insulin, Short-Acting