title: Recombinant porcine norovirus identified from piglet with diarrhea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Noroviruses (NoVs) are members of the family Caliciviridae and are emerging enteric pathogens of humans and animals. Some porcine NoVs are genetically similar to human strains and are classified into GII, like most epidemic human NoVs. So far, PoNoV have been exclusively detected in fecal samples of adult pig without clinical signs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Result showed that 2 of the 12 evaluated fecal samples were positive for PoNoVs, one of which was positive for PoNoV alone, and the other was coinfected with porcine circovirus and PoNoV. Phylogenetic and recombination analysis showed that the PoNoV positive alone strain was a recombinant new genotype strain. Experimental infection of miniature pigs with fecal suspensions confirmed that this strain can cause gastroenteritis in piglets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report that recombinant new genotype PoNoV exised in pig herd of China, which cause diarrhea in pigs in nature condition. This find raised questions about the putative epidemiologic role of PoNoV.
authors.affiliation: Key laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shixing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhibiao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiuguo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hua
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005838:Genotype; D029322:Norovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D013556:Swine, Miniature