title: Reduced exposure evaluation of an Electrically Heated Cigarette Smoking System. Part 2: Smoke chemistry and in vitro toxicological evaluation using smoking regimens reflecting human puffing behavior.
abstract: Chemical analysis of up to 49 harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHC) in mainstream smoke, in vitro cytotoxicity of the particulate and gas/vapor phase of mainstream smoke determined in the Neutral Red Uptake assay, and in vitro bacterial mutagenicity of the particulate phase determined in the Salmonella typhimurium Reverse Mutation (Ames) assay are reported for three Electrically Heated Cigarette Smoking System (EHCSS) series-K cigarettes, the University of Kentucky Reference Cigarette 2R4F, and a number of comparator commercial conventional lit-end cigarettes (CC) under ISO machine-smoking conditions and a total of 25 additional smoking regimens reflecting 'human puffing behavior' (HPB). The smoking machines were set to deliver nicotine yields for the EHCSS and comparator CC derived from the 10th percentile to the 90th percentile of nicotine uptake distributions in smokers determined in two clinical studies. Duplication of the smoking intensity 'per cigarette' on a smoking machine may provide an insight into product performance that is directly relevant to obtaining scientific evidence for reduced exposure substantiation based on mainstream cigarette smoke HPHC-to-nicotine regressions. The reported data support an overall evaluation of reduced exposure to HPHC and biological activity.
authors.affiliation: Philip Morris International R&D, Philip Morris Research Laboratories GmbH, Fuggerstrasse 3, 51149 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zenzen
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diekmann
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gerstenberg
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wittke
authors.forename: Matthias K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Schorp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells; D001519:Behavior; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004560:Electricity; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009538:Nicotine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000523:psychology; D013638:Tars / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D062789:Tobacco Products / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013638:Tars; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; C024746:tobacco tar; D009538:Nicotine; D002248:Carbon Monoxide