title: The hydrogen bond of water from the perspective of soft X-ray spectroscopy.
abstract: Its importance for life and its unusual properties keep water within the focus of ongoing research; this focus especially applies to water in the liquid phase. Scientists agree that the hydrogen-bond network, which is formed by interactions between the water molecules, is key for understanding the anomalies of water. However, a better understanding of the structure of this network, as well as its dynamics, must yet be established. Soft X-ray spectroscopy allows the investigation of the local electronic structure of water by probing the occupied and unoccupied valence molecular orbitals. In this Focus Review, we present soft-X-ray-based techniques, their development in terms of liquid spectroscopy, and recent studies on the hydrogen-bond network of liquid water.
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Kathrin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Emad F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Aziz
mesh_terms: D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D011789:Quantum Theory; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D056928:X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D014867:Water