title: Mechanisms of thyroid hormone action.
abstract: Our understanding of thyroid hormone action has been substantially altered by recent clinical observations of thyroid signaling defects in syndromes of hormone resistance and in a broad range of conditions, including profound mental retardation, obesity, metabolic disorders, and a number of cancers. The mechanism of thyroid hormone action has been informed by these clinical observations as well as by animal models and has influenced the way we view the role of local ligand availability; tissue and cell-specific thyroid hormone transporters, corepressors, and coactivators; thyroid hormone receptor (TR) isoform-specific action; and cross-talk in metabolic regulation and neural development. In some cases, our new understanding has already been translated into therapeutic strategies, especially for treating hyperlipidemia and obesity, and other drugs are in development to treat cardiac disease and cancer and to improve cognitive function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. gbrent@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Brent
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D038081:Organogenesis; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018382:Thyroid Hormone Resistance Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D013963:Thyroid Hormones