title: Payers test reference pricing and centers of excellence to steer patients to low-price and high-quality providers.
abstract: Hospitals frequently exhibit wide variation in their prices, and employers and insurers are now experimenting with the use of incentives to encourage employees to make price-conscious choices. This article examines two major new benefit design instruments being tested. In reference pricing, an employer or insurer makes a defined contribution toward covering the cost of a particular service and the patient pays the remainder. Through centers of excellence, employers or insurers limit coverage or strongly encourage patients to use particular hospitals for such procedures as orthopedic joint replacement, interventional cardiology, and cardiac surgery. We compare these two types of benefit designs with respect to consumer choice and how they balance price and quality. The article then examines their potential role in the policy debate over appropriate coverage and cost-sharing requirements.
authors.affiliation: Berkeley Center for Health Technology, University of California, Berkeley, USA. james.robinson@berkeley.edu
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: MacPherson
mesh_terms: D002755:Choice Behavior; D003363:Cost Control; D005249:Fees and Charges; D006801:Humans; D007342:Insurance Benefits; D010358:Patient Participation; D011787:Quality of Health Care