title: [The effects of rosiglitazone combined ceftazidime on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ activity and interleukin in septic rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) and ceftazidime (CAZ) on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activity in nucleated cells and interleukin (IL-4, IL-6) levels in plasma in septic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  According to randomized digital table, 180 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were assigned to control group, sham operation group, sepsis group, CAZ group, RSG group and combined CAZ and RSG group. Sepsis model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Drugs were administered by intraperitoneal injection at 3-hour post-operation, once every 12-hour. The PPARγ activity in nucleated cells and IL-4, IL-6 levels in plasma were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 12, 24 and 48 hours post-operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in PPARγ activity and levels of IL-4 and IL-6 at each time point post-operation between control group and sham operation group. Compared with control group and sham operation group, PPARγ activity [absorbance (A) value] in nucleated cells in sepsis group, where downward trend was seen as time went on, significantly reduced (0.263±0.017 vs. 0.292±0.005, 0.294±0.007, both P<0.05). PPARγ activity was significantly higher in CAZ group, RSG group and CAZ + RSG group than in sepsis group (0.282±0.008, 0.336±0.020, 0.347±0.007 vs. 0.263±0.017, all P<0.05), CAZ + RSG group>RSG group >CAZ group (both P<0.05). Plasma IL-6 and IL-4 levels were higher in sepsis group than in control group and sham operation group (IL-6: 436.77±62.28 ng/L vs. 45.11±10.42 ng/L, 42.28±7.54 ng/L; IL-4: 89.24±25.06 ng/L vs. 41.34±7.08 ng/L, 41.49±7.27 ng/L, all P<0.05) and reached peak at 24 hours and 48 hours post-operation, respectively. Compared with sepsis group, IL-6 and IL-4 levels in CAZ group, RSG group and CAZ + RSG group were significantly decreased (IL-6: 273.48±12.13 ng/L, 317.64±14.10 ng/L, 253.94±13.57 ng/L vs. 436.77±62.28 ng/L; IL-4: 59.12±7.03 ng/L, 68.37±8.28 ng/L, 53.81±8.34 ng/L vs. 89.24±25.06 ng/L, all P<0.05), CAZ + RSG group < CAZ group < RSG group (all P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In septic rats, PPARγ activity in nucleated cells was decreased. On the basis of effective antibiotic treatment, RSG might play a role in improving PPARγ activity in nucleated cells and reducing the levels of inflammation mediators and anti-inflammatory in plasma.
authors.affiliation: Medical Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China. zengmian2004@163.com
authors.forename: Mian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Xiao-mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wan-mei
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D015847:Interleukin-4; D002442:Ceftazidime