title: General olfactory sensitivity database (GOSdb): candidate genes and their genomic variations.
abstract: Genetic variations in olfactory receptors likely contribute to the diversity of odorant-specific sensitivity phenotypes. Our working hypothesis is that genetic variations in auxiliary olfactory genes, including those mediating transduction and sensory neuronal development, may constitute the genetic basis for general olfactory sensitivity (GOS) and congenital general anosmia (CGA). We thus performed a systematic exploration for auxiliary olfactory genes and their documented variation. This included a literature survey, seeking relevant functional in vitro studies, mouse gene knockouts and human disorders with olfactory phenotypes, as well as data mining in published transcriptome and proteome data for genes expressed in olfactory tissues. In addition, we performed next-generation transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of human olfactory epithelium and mouse olfactory epithelium and bulb, so as to identify sensory-enriched transcripts. Employing a global score system based on attributes of the 11 data sources utilized, we identified a list of 1,680 candidate auxiliary olfactory genes, of which 450 are shortlisted as having higher probability of a functional role. For the top-scoring 136 genes, we identified genomic variants (probably damaging single nucleotide polymorphisms, indels, and copy number deletions) gleaned from public variation repositories. This database of genes and their variants should assist in rationalizing the great interindividual variation in human overall olfactory sensitivity (http://genome.weizmann.ac.il/GOSdb).
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Ifat
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Keydar
authors.forename: Edna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ben-Asher
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Feldmesser
authors.forename: Noam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nativ
authors.forename: Arisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oshimoto
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Restrepo
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsunami
authors.forename: Ming-Shan
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Jayant M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gilad
authors.forename: Tsviya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Olender
authors.forename: Doron
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lancet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056915:DNA Copy Number Variations; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics*; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation; D020407:Internet; D051379:Mice; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000378:metabolism; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D020543:Proteome / Q000235:genetics; D018035:Receptors, Odorant / Q000235:genetics*; D013045:Species Specificity; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D018035:Receptors, Odorant