title: Failure of early nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants of 26 to 30 weeks gestation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify variables associated with early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ENCPAP) failure in preterm neonates less than 30 weeks gestational age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter prospective study including 131 preterm newborns, over a period of 2 years. Patients and respiratory variables were assessed using univariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Variables associated with ENCPAP failure were: the need of resuscitation with a FiO(2)>0.30; a CPAP pressure of 6.4±1.2 cm H(2)O; the need of a FiO(2) of 0.40 in the first 4 h of life; male gender maintaining the need of a FiO(2)>0.25 in the first 4 h of life; and respiratory distress syndrome with criteria for surfactant administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The need for oxygen in resuscitation and maintained in first hours of life, male gender, a CPAP pressure over 5 cm H(2)O and surfactant need are predictors of ENCPAP failure in preterm neonates 26 to 30 weeks gestational age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal. gusrocha@oninet.pt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Flôr-de-Lima
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Proença
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paz-Dias
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guimarães
mesh_terms: D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D010100:Oxygen