title: Retrospective evaluation of vacuum-assisted peritoneal drainage for the treatment of septic peritonitis in dogs and cats: 8 cases (2003-2010).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the use of vacuum-assisted peritoneal drainage (VAPD) in dogs and cats with septic peritonitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective descriptive study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Veterinary Teaching Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six dogs and 2 cats with septic peritonitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Application of VAPD after abdominal exploration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pre- and post-operative physical and clinicopathologic data, surgical findings, treatment, VAPD fluid production, outcome, and survival are reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight nonconsecutive cases of septic peritonitis, consisting of 6 dogs and 2 cats, were treated surgically and had VAPD applied post-operatively. The mean duration of clinical signs prior to surgical intervention was 4 ± 3 days. VAPD therapy was applied for a mean of 2 ± 1.1 days and collected a median of 27 mL/kg/d of abdominal effusate. The median time in hospital was 5 days and abdominal closure was completed in 5 of the 8 patients. All specimens collected at surgery cultured positive for bacteria, most commonly Enterococcus spp. The peritoneum of 4 animals was cultured at the time of abdominal closure; 1 was negative and 3 were positive for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp. or gram-positive cocci. Cultures before and after surgery differed in 2 patients. Hypoproteinemia was present in all patients postoperatively. Three patients were considered survivors, all of which were dogs. Five patients died or were euthanized due to cardiopulmonary arrest (n = 3), pyothorax (n = 1), and acute, severe, septic peritonitis (n = 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VAPD is available for maintaining abdominal drainage for the treatment of septic peritonitis after surgical intervention; however, similar to open abdominal drainage and closed suction drainage, nosocomial infection and hypoproteinemia remain challenges in the treatment of septic peritonitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Surgery at the University of Georgia Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Krista M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cioffi
authors.forename: Chad W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Schmiedt
authors.forename: Karen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Cornell
authors.forename: MaryAnn G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Radlinsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014618:Vacuum