title: Incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youth in the U.S. Virgin Islands, 2001-2010.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the annual incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes among youth and to describe characteristics of youth diagnosed with diabetes in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI).
  
  
  METHODS
  All residents ≤19 years of age diagnosed with diabetes between January 2001 and December 2010 were identified from review of medical records of all hospitals and confirmed by physician query.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 82 eligible patients were identified and the registry ascertainment was estimated to be 98.7% complete. The overall age-adjusted annual incidence rates (per 100, 000) of type 1 and type 2 diabetes for the study period were 15.3 (95% CI: 11.3-20.1) and 9.6 (95% CI: 6.8-13.5), respectively. The incidence of type 1 diabetes increased significantly over the study period, with an epidemic-like threefold increase occurring from 2005 (8.7/100, 000) to 2006 (26.4/100, 000; p = 0.05). The incidence of type 1 diabetes was highest in the 10-19 age group in girls (25.6/100, 000), but no age difference was seen in boys, resulting from the lack of a pubertal peak in non-Hispanic Black boys. The incidence of type 2 diabetes rose significantly between 2001 (5.3/100, 000) and 2010 (12.5/100, 000; p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in youth is increasing in the USVI, similar to global patterns. Further studies are needed to explore the missing pubertal rise in type 1 diabetes incidence in non-Hispanic Black boys and factors associated with the epidemic-like increases observed over the decade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Rew11@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Raynard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Washington
authors.forename: Trevor J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Orchard
authors.forename: Vincent C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: Ronald E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Laporte
authors.forename: Eugene S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Tull
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D014767:United States Virgin Islands / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data