title: Effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on bleomycin induced oxidative stress in malignant testicular germ cell tumors.
abstract: Testicular cancer is a very common cancer in males aged 15-44 years. Bleomycin is used in chemotherapy regimens in the treatment of patients having testicular germ-cell tumor. Bleomycin generates oxygen radicals, induces oxidative cleavage of DNA strand and induces apoptosis in cancer cells. There is no study in the literature investigating effects of N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) on bleomycin-induced oxidative stress in testicular germ cell tumors. For this reason, we studied effects of NAC on oxidative stress produced in wild-type NTera-2 and p53-mutant NCCIT testis cancer cells incubated with bleomycin and compared the results with H(2)O(2) which directly produces oxidative stress. We determined protein carbonyl content, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione (GSH), 8-isoprostane, lipid hydroperoxide levels and total antioxidant capacity in both testicular cancer cells. Bleomycin and H(2)O(2) significantly increased 8-isoprostane, TBARS, protein carbonyl and lipid hydroperoxide levels in NTera-2 and NCCIT cells. Bleomycin and H(2)O(2) significantly decreased antioxidant capacity and GSH levels in both cell lines. Co-incubation with NAC significantly decreased lipid hydroperoxide, 8-isoprostane, protein carbonyl content and TBARS levels increased by bleomycin and H(2)O(2). NAC enhanced GSH levels and antioxidant capacity in the NTera-2 and NCCIT cells. It can be concluded that NAC diminishes oxidative stress in human testicular cancer cells induced by bleomycin and H(2)O(2).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Blv., 07070 Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cort
authors.forename: Evrim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Mujgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Timur
authors.forename: Tomris
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozben
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D016877:Oxidants; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D001761:Bleomycin; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005978:Glutathione; D000111:Acetylcysteine