title: A dose response study to assess effects after dietary administration of diisononyl phthalate (DINP) in gestation and lactation on male rat sexual development.
abstract: Male rat sexual development was evaluated after dietary administration of 0, 760, 3800, 11,400 ppm diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) and 7600 ppm dibutyl phthalate (DBP) from gestation day (GD) 12 to postnatal day (PND) 14. Maternal weight was reduced on GD 20, PND 2 and 14 at 11,400 ppm DiNP. Pup weight was reduced on PND 2 and 14 at 11,400 and 3800 ppm DiNP. DBP induced multinucleated germ cells (MNGs) and Leydig cell aggregates (LCAs) in PND 2 testes. 7600 ppm DBP reduced anogenital distance (AGD) on PND 2 and 14, and increased nipple retention and reproductive tract malformations on PND 49. DiNP induced MNGs (3800 ppm) and LCAs (11,400 ppm) on PND 2, and reduced AGD (11,400 ppm) on PND 14. DiNP did not alter AGD, nipple retention or reproductive tract malformations on PND 49. Global endpoint analysis showed no evidence of a rat "phthalate syndrome" on PND 49 with DiNP administration.
authors.affiliation: The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. rclewell@thehamner.org
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Clewell
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Gabrielle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Willson
authors.forename: Dianne M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Creasy
authors.forename: Melvin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D046468:Sexual Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D010795:Phthalic Acids; D010968:Plasticizers; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate; C012125:diisononyl phthalate