title: Position-invariant letter identification is a key component of any universal model of reading.
abstract: A universal property of visual word identification is position-invariant letter identification, such that the letter "A" is coded in the same way in CAT and ACT. This should provide a fundamental constraint on theories of word identification, and, indeed, it inspired some of the theories that Frost has criticized. I show how the spatial coding scheme of Colin Davis (2010) can, in principle, account for contrasting transposed letter (TL) priming effects, and at the same time, position-invariant letter identification.
authors.affiliation: School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8-1TU, United Kingdom. j.bowers@bris.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bowers
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D011932:Reading; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012660:Semantics