title: Lower stress system activity and higher peripheral inflammation in competitive ballroom dancers.
abstract: Although regular physical exercise is beneficial for health, competitive ballroom dancers anecdotally report increased disease susceptibility. This study aims to uncover possible biological mechanisms and pathways that may lead to higher disease susceptibility in a population of otherwise healthy young athletes. Experienced ballroom dancers and healthy controls provided blood and saliva samples in order to assess diurnal cortisol and alpha-amylase (sAA) output as well as inflammatory parameters interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP). We found diurnal cortisol and sAA output to be significantly lower in dancers. Additionally, higher levels in IL-6 but not in CRP were shown in dancers. Dancers described themselves as being more anxious and reported more physical health complaints. Competitive ballroom dancers show evidence for hypoactivity in stress systems and peripheral inflammation along with more self-reported physical complaints. Therefore, competitive ballroom dancing represents a chronic stressor that can lead to important functional consequences. It remains to be investigated whether these alterations are causally related to health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany. berndt@biopsych.tu-dresden.de
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berndt
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strahler
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kirschbaum
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rohleder
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D052636:Allostasis / Q000502:physiology; D003163:Competitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D003615:Dancing; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D055291:Salivary alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D055291:Salivary alpha-Amylases; D006854:Hydrocortisone