title: A method to assess the dissipation of the [corrected] residual effects of [corrected] hypnotics: eszopiclone versus zopiclone.
abstract: Next-day residual effects of single evening doses of 3 mg of eszopiclone, 7.5 mg of zopiclone, and placebo were assessed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-way crossover study that used a mild sleep restriction protocol (sleep duration, 7 hours). During each period, 91 healthy volunteers spent 2 consecutive nights in the laboratory with time in bed restricted to 7 hours. Volunteers completed the Continuous Tracking Test, Critical Flicker Fusion task, Digit Symbol Substitution Test, N-back tasks, and Linear Analogue Rating Scales every half-hour from 7.5 to 11.5 hours after dose, commencing 15 minutes after awakening. Nighttime dosing of both eszopiclone (3 mg) and racemic zopiclone (7.5 mg) was associated with next-day performance impairment, and these residual effects dissipated over time. Eszopiclone did not differ from zopiclone on the primary end point, mean Continuous Tracking Test tracking error averaged from 7.5 to 9.5 hours after dose; however, a prespecified post hoc parametric analysis of reciprocal-transformed data favored eszopiclone over racemic zopiclone (P = 0.026).
authors.affiliation: Surrey Clinical Research Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK. J.Boyle@surrey.ac.uk
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Groeger
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Paska
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rockett
authors.forename: Sion
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Atzori
authors.forename: Derk-Jan
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dijk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053961:Azabicyclo Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000069582:Eszopiclone; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D053961:Azabicyclo Compounds; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D010879:Piperazines; C515050:zopiclone; D000069582:Eszopiclone