title: Viola yedoensis liposoluble fraction ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.
abstract: Viola yedoensis is a component of traditional Chinese herb medicine for inflammatory diseases. Chemical constituents of V. yedoensis have been shown to possess antibacterial, anti-HIV, and anticoagulant effects in experimental research; however, their anti-inflammatory properties remain to be demonstrated. In this study, a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury was used to investigate the effect of petroleum ether fraction of V. yedoensis (PEVY) on inflammation in vivo. After being shown to have anti-complementary activity in vitro, PEVY was orally administered to the mice at doses of 2, 4, and 8 mg/kg. Treatment with PEVY significantly decreased the wet-to-dry weight ratio of the lung, total cells, red blood cells, protein concentration, and myeloperoxidase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. PEVY markedly attenuated lung injury with improved lung morphology and reduced complement deposition. In addition, PEVY suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Taken together, PEVY protects the lung from acute injury, potentially via inhibiting the activation of the complement system and excessive production of proinflammatory mediators.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203,  China.
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun-Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yun-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhi-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Dao-Feng
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D032413:Viola
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts