title: [Intravascular ultrasound assessment of chitosan/heparin layer-by-layer self assembly coating stent on late stent malapposition and vessel remodeling in porcine model].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate late stent malapposition or vessel remodeling post chitosan/heparin layer-by-layer self assembly coating stent (LBL) implantation in porcine.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 32 stents [bare metal stent (BMS, n = 9), sirolimus-eluting stent (SES, n = 11) and LBL (n = 12)] were implanted into coronary arteries of 16 porcine. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was performed immediately after stenting and at 1 month after stenting to measure vessel area (VA), stent area (SA) and lumen area (LA). Neointima area (NA) was measured at 1 month post stenting by IVUS to detect signs of stent malapposition and to determine remodeling index (RI). Histopathology was performed at 1 month post stenting to observe vessel wall structure and stent malapposition status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No sign of stent malapposition was detected, VA and SA/LA were similar among groups immediately after stent implantation. At 1 month follow-up, none of three groups showed stent malapposition. VA, SA, NA and LA were (7.30 ± 0.77), (6.83 ± 0.76), (1.40 ± 0.96) and (5.43 ± 0.88) mm(2) in LBL group, (7.13 ± 0.69), (6.63 ± 0.71), (0.28 ± 0.35) and (6.34 ± 0.89) mm(2) in SES group, (7.48 ± 0.70), (7.00 ± 0.52), (2.69 ± 1.58) and (4.31 ± 1.28) mm(2) in BMS group. VA and SA were similar among groups (all P > 0.05). LA in LBL group was smaller than SES group (P < 0.01) and significantly larger than in BMS group (P < 0.05).NA in LBL group was larger than SES group (P < 0.01) and significantly smaller than in BMS group (P < 0.05).RI in LBL, SES and BMS groups was 0.95 ± 0.07, 1.02 ± 0.04 and 0.98 ± 0.04 (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no late stent malapposition or abnormal remodeling post LBL, SES and BMS implantation up to 1 month in this porcine model. LA in LBL group is smaller than SES group and larger than BMS group at 1 month after implantation in this porcine model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yi-zhe
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ai-jun
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Ju-ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Jun-bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D006493:Heparin; D013552:Swine; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D006493:Heparin; D048271:Chitosan