title: Does smoke-free legislation and smoking outside bars increase feelings of stigmatization among smokers? Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands Survey.
abstract: This study examined whether smokers' perceived level of stigmatization changed after the implementation of smoke-free hospitality industry legislation and whether smokers who smoked outside bars reported more perceived stigmatization. Longitudinal data from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Netherlands Survey was used, involving a nationally representative sample of 1447 smokers aged 15 years and older. Whether smoke-free legislation increases smokers' perceived stigmatization depends on how smokers feel about smoking outside. The level of perceived stigmatization did not change after the implementation of smoke-free hospitality industry legislation in the Netherlands, possibly because most Dutch smokers do not feel negatively judged when smoking outside.
authors.affiliation: Maastricht University, CAPHRI, Maastricht, The Netherlands. gnagelhout@stivoro.nl
authors.forename: Gera E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Nagelhout
authors.forename: Marc C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Willemsen
authors.forename: Winifred A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gebhardt
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van den Putte
authors.forename: Sara C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hitchman
authors.forename: Matty R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Crone
authors.forename: Geoffrey T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Sander
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van der Heiden
authors.forename: Hein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011640:Public Policy; D061845:Smoke-Free Policy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012907:Smoking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000523:psychology; D013240:Stereotyping; D055815:Young Adult