title: Alterations in antibody subclass immune reactivity to trophoblast-derived fetal fibronectin and α2-macroglobulin in women with recurrent pregnancy loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increasing evidence supports the involvement of complex antibody-mediated immunologic events at the decidua-trophoblast interface. Our objective is to define the humoral immune responses of pregnant women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) compared with gestation-age-matched and non-pregnant controls in terms of trophoblast-derived antigenic targets and IgG subclasses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunoprecipitation and Western immunoblotting were performed to characterize IgG subclass reactivity to Sw.71 trophoblast-derived fetal fibronectin and alpha-2-macroglobulin, using serum obtained from first-trimester pregnant RPL subjects, gestation-age-matched controls, and non-pregnant controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a generalized linear model, sera from women with a history of RPL exhibited increased IgG(3) immunoreactivity to trophoblast-derived fetal fibronectin and alpha-2-macroglobulin compared with controls (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IgG(3) reactivity in women with RPL may play a significant role in aberrant immune-regulatory mechanisms in early pregnancy. Further investigations into the role of autoantibodies against trophoblast-derived proteins in implantation and pregnancy are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, University of Louisville, KY, USA. ndrhiana@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rhiana D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Steven T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Shesh N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Cicek
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gercel-Taylor
authors.forename: Douglas D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D003656:Decidua / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult; D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D005353:Fibronectins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins