title: [Impact of specimen collection and storage consumable products on trace element quantitative analysis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to explore the impact of specimen collection and storage consumable products on trace element quantitative analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Devices and consumable products of different brands used in specimen collection or storage were selected and treated separately as below:urine collection and storage tubes (Brand A, B, C and D, 2 samples for each brand) were treated with 1% of HNO(3) volume fraction for 2 - 4 h; blood taking device (Brand O, P and Q, 3 samples for each brand) were used for ultra-pure water samples collecting as simulation of blood sampling;dust sampling filters (Brand X, Y and Z, 2 samples for each brand) were cold digested by nitric acid for 12 h, followed by microwave digestion. Then cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, selenium, stannum, titanium, vanadium and zinc concentrations in the solutions obtained during the course of collect or storage were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the urine collection and storage consumable products, background values of elements were described as mean of parellel samples. The consentration of 14 quantified elements were relatively low for 5 ml cryogenic vials (brand B) with background values range of 0.001 - 0.350 ng/ml. The background values of copper of 50 ml centrifuge tubes (brand A), chromium of 5 ml cryogenic vials (brand C) and zinc of 1.5 ml centrifuge tubes (brand D) were relatively high, which were 1.900, 1.095 and 1.368 ng/ml, respectively. Background values of elements in blood sampling devices were described as x(-) ± s. Background values of chromium for brand O, P and Q were (0.120 ± 0.017), (0.337 ± 0.093) and (0.360 ± 0.035) ng/ml; for copper were (0.050 ± 0.001), (0.017 ± 0.012) and (0.103 ± 0.015) ng/ml; for lead were (0.057 ± 0.072), (0.183 ± 0.118) and (0.347 ± 0.006) ng/ml; for titanium were (7.883 ± 0.145), (8.863 ± 0.190) and (8.613 ± 0.274) ng/ml; zinc were (2.240 ± 0.573), (42.140 ± 22.756) and (8.850 ± 3.670) ng/ml. There were statistically differences of background values for chromium, copper, lead, titanium and zinc among the above three brands of blood sampling devices (all P values < 0.05). For air sampling filters, background values of elements were described as mean of parellel samples. Background values of chromium and nickel of sampling filters (brand X) were lowest, which were 17.000 and 15.400 ng per piece, respectively; while background values for other elements were relatively high, the quantification of cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, lead, selenium, stannum, titanium, vanadium and zinc were 0.250, 0.550, 48.500, 690.000, 25.500, 0.900, 6.500, 10.550, 7.950, 10.500, 0.850, 370.000 ng per piece, respectively. Background values of chromium and nickel of sampling filters (brand Z) were highest, which were 171.000 and 29.850 ng per piece.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Background values of trace elements varied among products of different brands, and the most noticable differences were found in chromium, manganese, nickel, lead, stannum and zinc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Yan-shuang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yong-en
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Te
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: Zhen-lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Shi-chuan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011786:Quality Control; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements