title: Intra-operative hydrotubation improves fertility of women with distal tubal occlusion after reproductive surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hydrotubation has been considered to be a complimentary procedure to reproductive surgery, usually being conducted after surgery. The objective of this work was to assess the potential value of intra-operative hydrotubation in improving fertility of tubal infertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  180 tubal infertile women were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: intra-operative hydrotubation (IH), post-operative hydrotubation (PH) or control group. In IH group, the hydrotubation was performed immediately after adhesiolysis during the surgery process, while in PH group it was performed within 3-7 days after the first post-operative menstruation. The incidence of post-operative pelvic infection and average hospitalization length were recorded. The post-operative pregnancy outcomes, including intrauterine pregnancy (IUP) rate and incidence of ectopic pregnancy, were recorded at 2 years follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found among the three groups, either in the incidence of pelvic infection (P = 0.877) or in the average hospitalization length (P = 0.596). At 2 years of follow-up, the rate of IUP in IH group was significantly higher than that in either PH or control group (P = 0.017 and 0.039, respectively), but no difference was observed between PH and control group (P = 0.752). No significant difference in the incidence of ectopic pregnancy was showed among three groups (P = 0.947).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The appropriate use of intra-operative hydrotubation can improve the post-operative IUP rate, serving as a complementary procedure for the surgical treatment of fertility reversal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhengyu
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wenjiao
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dan
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ying
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005186:Fallopian Tube Patency Tests; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010388:Pelvis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012489:Salpingostomy / Q000379:methods*; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome