title: Integration without employment.
abstract: Three models for hospital-physician alignment may offer hospitals for which large-scale physician employment is not practical the best means to prepare for payment changes under accountable care: Comanagement arrangements Clinical joint ventures Professional services agreements with performance incentives.
authors.affiliation: ECG Management Consultants, Inc., San Diego, Calif., USA. jfink@ecgmc.com
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Darin E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Libby
mesh_terms: D060866:Accountable Care Organizations; D003363:Cost Control; D004651:Employment; D006759:Hospital-Physician Joint Ventures / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D018578:Hospital-Physician Relations; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration; D014481:United States