title: Structural insights into SUN-KASH complexes across the nuclear envelope.
abstract: Linker of the nucleoskeleton and the cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes are composed of SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins and bridge the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope. LINC complexes play critical roles in nuclear positioning, cell polarization and cellular stiffness. Previously, we reported the homotrimeric structure of human SUN2. We have now determined the crystal structure of the human SUN2-KASH complex. In the complex structure, the SUN domain homotrimer binds to three independent "hook"-like KASH peptides. The overall conformation of the SUN domain in the complex closely resembles the SUN domain in its apo state. A major conformational change involves the AA'-loop of KASH-bound SUN domain, which rearranges to form a mini β-sheet that interacts with the KASH peptide. The PPPT motif of the KASH domain fits tightly into a hydrophobic pocket on the homotrimeric interface of the SUN domain, which we termed the BI-pocket. Moreover, two adjacent protomers of the SUN domain homotrimer sandwich the KASH domain by hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonding. Mutations of these binding sites disrupt or reduce the association between the SUN and KASH domains in vitro. In addition, transfection of wild-type, but not mutant, SUN2 promotes cell migration in Ovcar-3 cells. These results provide a structural model of the LINC complex, which is essential for additional study of the physical and functional coupling between the cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Wenjia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhubing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Cuicui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huizhen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guoguang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Mark I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Zhaocai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D001665:Binding Sites; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism*; D015530:Nuclear Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C413025:SUN2 protein, human; C485904:SYNE2 protein, human