title: Occupational disability in bipolar disorder: analysis of predictors of being on severe disablement benefit (PREBIS study data).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) are reported to have significant work impairment during interepisode intervals. This study was carried out to assess potential predictors of occupational disability in a longitudinal follow-up of euthymic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 327 euthymic patients diagnosed with BD type I or type II, 226 of whom were employed and 101 were receiving a severe disablement benefit (SDB). Sociodemographic data were studied and episode recurrence was assessed along a 1-year follow-up. Logistic regression analysis was applied to determine predictors of receiving SDB. Cox regression was built to study recurrences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Predictors of receiving SDB were: axis II comorbidity [Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.94, CI: 1.26-6.86, P = 0.013], number of manic episodes (OR = 1.21, CI: 1.10-1.34, P < 0.001), being without stable partner (OR = 2.44, CI: 1.34-4.44, P = 0.004) and older age (OR = 1.08, CI: 1.05-1.12, P < 0.001). Bipolar patients receiving SDB presented more episodic recurrences regardless of polarity than employed bipolar patients (P = 0.002). The time until recurrence in 25% of the bipolar patients receiving SDB was 6.08 months (CI: 4.44-11.77) being 13.08 months (CI: 9.60 to -) in the employed group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Occupational disability in bipolar patients is associated with axis II comorbidity, more previous manic episodes, not having a stable relationship, older age, and more recurrences at 1-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Bipolar Disorders Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goikolea
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Dios
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Pinto
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Montes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saiz-Ruiz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vieta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors