title: Influence of renin angiotensin system gene polymorphisms on visit-to-visit blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Visit-to-visit blood pressure (BP) variability has been reported to be a major risk for cardiovascular events. Renin angiotensin system (RAS) gene polymorphisms are reportedly genetic risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and arterial stiffness. In this study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between visit-to-visit BP variability and RAS gene polymorphisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study subjects included 427 essential hypertension patients from the Non-Invasive Atherosclerotic Evaluation in Hypertension study cohort, whose BP was measured during at least six outpatient visits. We analyzed the correlation between visit-to-visit variability in systolic BP (SBP) and RAS gene polymorphisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified angiotensinogen M235T, angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms. Only ACE I/D polymorphisms were correlated with variability in diastolic BP; no gene polymorphisms were correlated with variability in SBP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RAS gene polymorphisms, especially ACE I/D polymorphisms, might genetically influence the visit-to-visit BP variability in hypertensive patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine and Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Miyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeya
authors.forename: Norihisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamide
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rakugi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009819:Office Visits; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C544065:AGTR1 protein, human; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A