title: [Study on dermal absorption of Imidacloprid in vitro].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The dermal absorption of Imidacloprid was studied to understand the effects of concentrations and skin reservoir on pesticide risk assessment in in vitro absorption studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  By using Franz diffusion cell and the transdermal barrier of viable Wistar rat abdomen skin or frozen ones, the imidacloprid content in the receptor fluid and skin was determined by LC/MS/MS method, and the absorption effects were compared between two concentrations of Imidacloprid solutions and two types of skin, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All percentages reported are % of applied dose. In vitro studies using viable skin, the Imidacloprid content in the receptor fluid of high and low concentration was 6.8%, 6.6% respectively; and 10.7%, 1.3% in skin, thus total absorption was 17.5% and 7.9%. And in vitro studies using both viable and frozen skin under the same concentration circumstances, the Imidacloprid content in the receptor fluid of viable and frozen skin was 6.6% and 0.7% respectively, in skin was 1.3% and 10.7%, and total absorption was 7.9% and 11.4%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparison of these in vitro results showed that either concentrations or skin reservoir had an effect on the dermal absorption. During 6h exposure, the high concentration in viable skin had the maximum dermal absorption value, which was the worst-case exposure estimate, also the best single estimate for pesticide risk assessment.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Chen-xi
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xiao-dan
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hai-bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C082359:imidacloprid