title: Tissue engineered esophagus by mesenchymal stem cell seeding for esophageal repair in a canine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acellular porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) has been successfully used for esophagoplasty in dogs. However, this has not led to complete epithelialization and muscular regeneration. We undertook the present study to assess the effect of tissue-engineered esophagus generated by seeding bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) onto an SIS scaffold (BMSCs-SIS) in a canine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We cultured, passaged, and measured autologous BMSCs and myoblasts with cell proliferation and immunohistochemical assays. We labeled the third passage of BMSCs with PKH-26, a fluorescent dye, before seeded it onto the SIS. We resected canine cervical esophagus to generate a defect 5 cm in length and 50% in circumference, which we repaired with BMSCs-SIS or SIS alone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four weeks later, barium esophagram demonstrated that esophageal lumen surface of the patch graft was smoother in the BMSCs-SIS group compared with the SIS group. Histological examination suggested a strong similarity between BMSCs and esophageal myoblasts in terms of morphology and function. Although both BMSCs-SIS and SIS repaired the esophageal defects, we noted complete re-epithelialization with almost no inflammation only in the former group. By 12 wk after the surgery, we observed long bundles of skeletal muscles only in the BMSCs-SIS group, where the microvessel density was also much greater.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on an SIS scaffold can promote re-epithelialization, revascularization, and muscular regeneration. This approach may provide an attractive option for esophageal regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Regenerative Medicine Research Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Ren-Qian
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Mei-Yun
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Jing-Cong
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Xiao-He
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jiang-Long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Xiu-Qun
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhi-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hui-Qi
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004285:Dogs; D004947:Esophagus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D023421:Models, Animal; D032390:Myoblasts, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D000199:Actins