title: Liv.52 up-regulates cellular antioxidants and increase glucose uptake to circumvent oleic acid induced hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells.
abstract: HepG2 cells were rendered steatotic by supplementing 2.0mM oleic acid (OA) in the culture media for 24h. OA induced hepatic steatosis in HepG2 cells was marked by significant accumulation of lipid droplets as determined by Oil-Red-O (ORO) based colorimetric assay, increased triacylglycerol (TAG) and increased lipid peroxidation. It was also marked by increased inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-8 with decreased enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant molecules and decreased cell proliferation associated with insulin resistance and DNA fragmentation. Addition of Liv.52 hydro-alcoholic extract (LHAE) 50μg/mL to the steatotic cells was effective in increasing the insulin mediated glucose uptake by 3.13 folds and increased cell proliferation by 3.81 folds with decreased TAG content (55%) and cytokines. The intracellular glutathione content was increased by 8.9 folds without substantial increase in GSSG content. LHAE decreased TNF-α and IL-8 by 51% and 6.5% folds respectively, lipid peroxidation by 65% and inhibited DNA fragmentation by 69%. The superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were increased by 88%, 128% and 64% respectively. Albumin and urea content was increased while the alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) activity was significantly decreased by LHAE. Hence, LHAE effectively attenuate molecular perturbations associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) indications in HepG2 cells.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Research and Development, The Himalaya Drug Company, Makali, Bangalore, India. vidyashankar77@gmail.com
authors.forename: Satyakumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vidyashankar
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sharath Kumar
authors.forename: Vandana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barooah
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sandeep Varma
authors.forename: Krishna S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Nandakumar
authors.forename: Pralhad Sadashiv
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Patki
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D019301:Oleic Acid; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid; C002614:Liv 52; D005978:Glutathione; D005947:Glucose