title: Effect of PACAP in central and peripheral nerve injuries.
abstract: Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a bioactive peptide with diverse effects in the nervous system. In addition to its more classic role as a neuromodulator, PACAP functions as a neurotrophic factor. Several neurotrophic factors have been shown to play an important role in the endogenous response following both cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury and to be effective when given exogenously. A number of studies have shown the neuroprotective effect of PACAP in different models of ischemia, neurodegenerative diseases and retinal degeneration. The aim of this review is to summarize the findings on the neuroprotective potential of PACAP in models of different traumatic nerve injuries. Expression of endogenous PACAP and its specific PAC1 receptor is elevated in different parts of the central and peripheral nervous system after traumatic injuries. Some experiments demonstrate the protective effect of exogenous PACAP treatment in different traumatic brain injury models, in facial nerve and optic nerve trauma. The upregulation of endogenous PACAP and its receptors and the protective effect of exogenous PACAP after different central and peripheral nerve injuries show the important function of PACAP in neuronal regeneration indicating that PACAP may also be a promising therapeutic agent in injuries of the nervous system.
authors.affiliation: PTE-MTA "Lendulet" PACAP Research Team, Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, Szigeti. u. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamas
authors.affiliation: PTE-MTA "Lendulet" PACAP Research Team, Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, Szigeti. u. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Dora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reglodi
authors.affiliation: MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Orsolya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.affiliation: MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Erzsebet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kovesdi
authors.affiliation: MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Jozsef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 E. Marshall Street Richmond, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Povlishock
authors.affiliation: MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwarcz
authors.affiliation: PTE-MTA "Lendulet" PACAP Research Team, Department of Anatomy, University of Pecs, Szigeti. u. 12, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary.|MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Endre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Czeiter
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2., H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zalan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szanto
authors.affiliation: MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doczi
authors.affiliation: MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buki
authors.affiliation: MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Ret u. 2, H-7623 Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bukovics
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide