title: Mucociliary clearance impairment after zygomaticomaxillary-orbital fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of zygomaticomaxillo-orbitalis (ZMO) fracture and its symptoms on mucociliary transport (MCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study encompassed 144 patients who sustained ZMO fracture. A saccharine test was conducted in every patient both on the side of fracture and on the unaffected side. The results were analyzed in connection with the patients' age, sex, degree of injury, method of treatment, time since fracture, and duration of surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was shown that MCT was considerably impaired on the affected side compared with the control side. However, the degree of impairment did not vary significantly in the patients regardless of the analyzed parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ZMO fracture induces the disorder of MCT. Balloon Foley catheter in the open reduction of ZMO fracture impairs MCT. The analyzed parameters do not affect the disorders of MCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Craniomaxillofacial Surgery and Dental Surgery, Katowice, Poland. tomasz.janic@onet.eu
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Janic
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Niedzielska
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008440:Maxillary Fractures / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000502:physiology*; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology*; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D012439:Saccharin / Q000378:metabolism; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D012439:Saccharin