title: Migraine-asthma comorbidity and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the association of migraine and asthma and to estimate the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in relation to maternal comorbid migraine and asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reproductive age women (N = 3.731) were interviewed during early pregnancy. At the time of interview, we ascertained participants' migraine and asthma status. From medical records, we collected information to allow the diagnosis of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for confounders, migraineurs had 1.38-fold increased odds of asthma as compared with nonmigraineurs (95% CI 1.09-1.38). The odds of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were highest among women with comorbid migraine-asthma. The ORs for PIH preeclampsia and the two disorders combined were 2.53 (95% CI 1.39-4.61), 3.53 (95% CI 1.51-8.24), and 2.64 (95% CI 1.56-4.47), respectively, for women with comorbid migraine-asthma as compared with those who had neither disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings confirm prior reports and extend the literature by documenting particularly high odds of pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia among women with comorbid migraine-asthma. Increased knowledge about the prevalence and sequelae of comorbidities during pregnancy may lead to improved symptom management and perinatal outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Multidisciplinary International Research Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Czerwinski
authors.forename: Jolana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gollero
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Tanya K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Sorensen
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires