title: Nonintubated thoracoscopic lung resection: a 3-year experience with 285 cases in a single institution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tracheal intubation with one-lung ventilation is considered mandatory for thoracoscopic surgery. This study reported the experience of thoracoscopic lung resection without endotracheal intubation in a single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  From August 2009 through July 2012, 285 consecutive patients were treated by nonintubated thoracoscopic surgery using epidural anesthesia, intrathoracic vagal blockade, and sedation for lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection in a tertiary medical center. The feasibility and safety of this technique were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final diagnosis for surgery were primary lung cancer in 159 patients (55.8%), metastatic lung cancer in 17 (6.0%), benign lung tumor in 104 (36.5%), and pneumothorax in 5 (1.8%). The operative methods consisted of conventional (83.2%) and needlescopic (16.8%) thoracoscopic surgery. The operative procedures included lobectomy in 137 patients (48.1%), wedge resection in 132 (46.3%), and segmentectomy in 16 (5.6%). Collapse of the operative lung and inhibition of coughing were satisfactory in most of the patients. Fourteen (4.9%) patients required conversion to tracheal intubation because of significant mediastinal movement [5], persistent hypoxemia [2], dense pleural adhesions [2], ineffective epidural anesthesia [2], bleeding [2], and tachypnea [1]. One patient (0.4%) was converted to thoracotomy because of bleeding. No mortality was noted in our patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonintubated thoracoscopic lung resection is technically feasible and safe in selected patients. It can be a valid alternative in managing patients with pulmonary lesions.
authors.forename: Ke-Cheng
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ya-Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Ming-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Yu-Ding
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Jin-Shing
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chen