title: Exenatide once weekly for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: effectiveness and tolerability in patient subpopulations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patient numbers in individual diabetes trials are often too limited to assess the effect of a treatment by different patient characteristics, and meta-analyses often do not include patient-level data. The purpose of this pooled analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of exenatide once weekly (EQW) in patients with type 2 diabetes grouped into subpopulations by key demographic characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  This post hoc analysis included data from patients who received EQW in seven randomised, controlled phase 3 trials that were 24-30 weeks in duration. Patients were classified into subpopulations on the basis of their baseline age (< 65 or ≥ 65 years), gender (male or female), race (White, Black, Asian, Hispanic), duration of diabetes (< 10 years, ≥ 10 years) and body mass index (BMI; < 25, ≥ 25 to < 30, ≥ 30 to < 35, ≥ 35 to < 40 or ≥ 40 kg/m(2)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1719 patients were included in this analysis of patient subpopulations. All subpopulations experienced significant improvements from baseline in haemoglobin A1C, fasting glucose and body weight. Most subpopulations experienced significant improvements in blood pressure and lipid parameters. Overall, the most common AEs were hypoglycaemia (16.4% overall; 2.3% in patients not on concomitant sulfonylurea), nausea (14.7%), diarrhoea (10.9%) and nasopharyngitis (7.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that the treatment of type 2 diabetes with EQW for 24-30 weeks was associated with significant improvements in glycaemic control and body weight, irrespective of age, gender, race, duration of diabetes or BMI. The most common adverse events were gastrointestinal in nature.
authors.affiliation: Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA. richard.pencek@amylin.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pencek
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blickensderfer
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Brunell
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000077270:Exenatide; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009304:Nasopharyngitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014688:Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D000077270:Exenatide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms