title: AF03, an alternative squalene emulsion-based vaccine adjuvant prepared by a phase inversion temperature method.
abstract: AF03 is a squalene-based emulsion adjuvant that is present in the adjuvanted pandemic influenza vaccine, Humenza™. In this report, we describe the design and development of this novel adjuvant formulation from the selection of the oil and surfactant system used in the adjuvant composition to the phase inversion temperature emulsification process that afforded AF03 as a long-term stable and well calibrated oil-in-water emulsion. The emulsion was characterized by its particle sizes, surface and interfacial tensions, viscosity, and long-term stability.
authors.affiliation: R&D Department, Sanofi Pasteur, Campus Mérieux, Marcy l'Etoile 69280, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Françoise
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Klucker
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dalençon
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Probeck
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haensler
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry*; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D013185:Squalene / Q000737:chemistry*; D013500:Surface Tension; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D004655:Emulsions; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D009821:Oils; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D013185:Squalene