title: A randomized trial of protein supplementation compared with extra fast food on the effects of resistance training to increase metabolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the effects of resistance training combined with increased energy intake or protein-supplementation on lean body-mass, resting metabolic-rate (RMR) and cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four healthy males (aged 19-32 years) performed resistance exercise for 12 weeks aiming for at least 1 hour training-sessions 3 times a week. The participants were randomized to consume extra protein (33 g whey protein/day) or a meal of fast-food/day (1350 kcal, 41 g protein). Body-composition was measured with Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and RMR by indirect calorimetry. Fasting blood samples were drawn before and after the 3-month training period and after 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The body weight increased from 75.1 ± 6.9 kg to 78.7 ± 7.2 kg (p < 0.0001), without differences between the groups. RMR increased from 1787 ± 143 kcal/24 h to 1954 ± 187 kcal/24 h (p < 0.0001, N = 24), which was more than expected from the increase in lean body-mass (increase from 59.7 ± 4.3 kg to 61.8 ± 4.1 kg p = 0.004). Fasting serum-insulin levels increased in the fast-food group compared with the extra-protein group (p = 0.03). ApoB increased from 0.691 ± 0.14 g/L to 0.768 ± 0.17 g/L, p = 0.004, in the fast-food group only. Long-term follow up after 12 months showed that RMR, body weight, total fat and lean body-masses did not differ from baseline (n = 19).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resistance training for 12 weeks increased RMR and lean body-mass similarly when based on either an increased energy-intake or protein supplement. However, the increase in RMR was higher than expected from the increase in lean body-mass. Thus resistance training could potentially decrease the risk of obesity by induction of increased RMR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hambre
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vergara
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lood
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachrach-Lindström
authors.forename: Torbjörn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.forename: Fredrik H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Nystrom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D057140:Fast Foods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055070:Resistance Training; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins