title: A simplified method for smile enhancement:  botulinum toxin injection for gummy smile.
abstract: The authors studied and provided treatment to patients with the complaint of gummy smile. Between October of 2009 and January of 2011, 52 unaesthetic smiles were evaluated and treated with onabotulinum toxin A. Botulinum toxin injection was an effective treatment, with an average satisfaction level of 9.75 on a 10-point scale. The levator labii superioris alaeque nasi is the ideal muscle for injection, and lopsided smiles could be resolved also with onabotulinum toxin A asymmetric injection. Gummy smile treatment with onabotulinum toxin A into the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi muscle is an effective method, with minimum risk of complications and very high patient satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and Lima, Peru From the Clínica Essendi and the Hospital Santa Casa Da Misericórdia.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sucupira
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abramovitz
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008046:Lip; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012904:Smiling
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins