title: Endophenotypes as a measure of suicidality.
abstract: Suicide is thought to result from the harmful interaction of multiple factors that have social, environmental, neurobiological, and genetic backgrounds. Recent studies have suggested that genetic predisposition to suicidal behavior may be independent of the risk of suicide associated to mental disorders, such as affective disorders, schizophrenia, or alcohol dependence. Given the suicidal behavior heterogeneity and its hereditary complexity, the need to find demonstrable intermediate phenotypes that may make it possible to establish links between genes and suicide behaviors (endophenotypes) seems to be necessary. The main objective of this review was to consider the candidate endophenotypes of suicidal behaviors. Due to the recent advances in neuroimaging, we also characterize brain regions implicated in vulnerability to suicide behavior that are influenced by gene polymorphisms associated with suicidal behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Nanobiotechnology, Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Ulitsa Ostrovityanova 1, 117997 Moscow, Russia. dmitry.chistyakov@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Dimitry A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Chistiakov
authors.forename: Zurab I
authors.initials: ZI
authors.lastname: Kekelidze
authors.forename: Vladimir P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Chekhonin
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis; D058068:Endophenotypes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology*; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; C497467:TPH1 protein, human; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase