title: Augmented Hummelsheim procedure to treat complete abducens nerve palsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Horizontal strabismus due to a weak rectus muscle can be treated with an augmented Hummelsheim procedure, in which both vertical rectus muscle tendons are split, resected by 4 mm, and reattached to the sclera adjacent to the weak rectus muscle. Compared with vertical rectus transposition, the procedure spares two ciliary vessels and does not require placement of augmentation sutures. In this study, we evaluated binocular alignment and ocular motility in patients with abducens nerve palsy treated with an augmented Hummelsheim procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of consecutive patients with complete abducens nerve palsy who underwent the augmented Hummelsheim procedure, usually combined with medial rectus muscle recession, were retrospectively reviewed. Binocular alignment, ocular motility, and complications were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients (age range, 12-57 years) met inclusion criteria for the study, of whom 9 of 10 had simultaneous medial rectus recession. Follow-up ranged from 1 week to 24 months. The augmented Hummelsheim procedure improved esotropia from 43(Δ) ± 5(Δ) preoperatively to 6(Δ) ± 7(Δ) postoperatively (P < 0.0001) and reduced abduction deficits from -4 to -3 (P < 0.0001). One patient with coexisting oculomotor nerve palsy developed consecutive exotropia; 2 had induced vertical deviations. There were no cases of anterior segment ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The augmented Hummelsheim procedure combined with medial rectus muscle recession reduced mean primary position esotropia and improved abduction in patients with complete abducens nerve palsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Natario L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Couser
authors.forename: Phoebe D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Lenhart
authors.forename: Amy K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
mesh_terms: D020434:Abducens Nerve Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004948:Esotropia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013537:Sutures; D013709:Tendon Transfer / Q000379:methods; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology