title: Examining acute and chronic effects of short- and long-chain fatty acids on peptide YY (PYY) gene expression, cellular storage and secretion in STC-1 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Peptide YY (PYY) is a gastrointestinal hormone with physiological actions regulating appetite and energy homoeostasis. The cellular mechanisms by which nutrients stimulate PYY secretion from intestinal enteroendocrine cells are still being elucidated.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study comprehensively evaluated the suitability of intestinal STC-1 cells as an in vitro model of PYY secretion. PYY concentrations (both intracellular and in culture media) with other intestinal peptides (CCK, GLP-1 and GIP) demonstrated that PYY is a prominent product of STC-1 cells. Furthermore, acute and chronic PYY responses to 15 short (SCFAs)- and long-chain (LCFAs) dietary fatty acids were measured alongside parameters for DNA synthesis, cell viability and cytotoxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found STC-1 cells to be reliable secretors of PYY constitutively releasing PYY into cell culture media (but not into non-stimulatory buffer). We demonstrate for the first time that STC-1 cells produce PYY mRNA transcripts; that STC-1 cells produce specific time- and concentration-dependent PYY secretory responses to valeric acid; that linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid 9,11 (CLA 9,11) are potent PYY secretagogues; and that chronic exposure of SCFAs and LCFAs can be detrimental to STC-1 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our studies demonstrate the potential usefulness of STC-1 cells as an in vitro model for investigating nutrient-stimulated PYY secretion in an acute setting. Furthermore, our discovery that CLA directly stimulates L-cells to secrete PYY indicates another possible mechanism contributing to the observed effects of dietary CLA on weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agri-Food and Land Use, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, UK. b.green@qub.ac.uk
authors.forename: Katharine V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Hand
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bruen
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: O'Halloran
authors.forename: Harsh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Panwar
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Calderwood
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giblin
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000378:metabolism; D004261:DNA Replication; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010421:Pentanoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D055571:Secretory Pathway; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D010421:Pentanoic Acids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C503589:cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid; D019894:Peptide YY; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D019787:Linoleic Acid; C038780:n-pentanoic acid