title: Low glycaemic index diet in pregnancy to prevent macrosomia (ROLO study): randomised control trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if a low glycaemic index diet in pregnancy could reduce the incidence of macrosomia in an at risk group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternity hospital in Dublin, Ireland.
  
  
  METHODS
  800 women without diabetes, all in their second pregnancy between January 2007 to January 2011, having previously delivered an infant weighing greater than 4 kg.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women were randomised to receive no dietary intervention or start on a low glycaemic index diet from early pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary outcome measure was difference in birth weight. The secondary outcome measure was difference in gestational weight gain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was seen between the two groups in absolute birth weight, birthweight centile, or ponderal index. Significantly less gestational weight gain occurred in women in the intervention arm (12.2 v 13.7 kg; mean difference -1.3, 95% confidence interval -2.4 to -0.2; P=0.01). The rate of glucose intolerance was also lower in the intervention arm: 21% (67/320) compared with 28% (100/352) of controls had a fasting glucose of 5.1 mmol/L or greater or a 1 hour glucose challenge test result of greater than 7.8 mmol/L (P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low glycaemic index diet in pregnancy did not reduce the incidence of large for gestational age infants in a group at risk of fetal macrosomia. It did, however, have a significant positive effect on gestational weight gain and maternal glucose intolerance.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN54392969.
authors.affiliation: UCD Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Ciara A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McGowan
authors.forename: Rhona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mahony
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: Fionnuala M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: McAuliffe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D015992:Body Mass Index; D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005865:Gestational Age; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates