title: Vironome of Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus-inflammatory cytokine syndrome in an AIDS patient reveals co-infection of human herpesvirus 8 and human herpesvirus 6A.
abstract: KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS) is a newly described condition characterized by systemic illness as a result of systemic, lytic KSHV infection. We used Illumina sequencing to establish the DNA vironome of blood from such a patient. It identified concurrent high-level viremia of human herpesvirus (HHV) 8 and 6a. The HHV8 plasma viral load was 5,300,000 copies/ml, which is the highest reported to date; this despite less than five skin lesions and no HHV8 associated lymphoma. This is the first report of systemic HHV6a/KSHV co-infection in a patient. It is the first whole genome KSHV sequence to be determined directly from patient plasma rather than cultured or biopsied tumor material. This case supports KICS as a new clinical entity associated with KSHV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7290, USA. tamburro@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: Kristen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Tamburro
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poisson
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fedoriw
authors.forename: Debasmita
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Sang-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sin
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malouf
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Moylan
authors.forename: Blossom
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Damania
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Horst
authors.forename: Dirk P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Dittmer
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D060085:Coinfection; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D019562:Viral Load / Q000235:genetics; D014766:Viremia / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004279:DNA, Viral