title: Isoproterenol modulates matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and its tissue inhibitor-2 (TIMP-2) in rat parotid gland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic isoproterenol treatment causes hypertrophy and hyperplasia of rodent salivary glands. Cell-extracellular matrix interactions play a critical role in salivary gland proliferation and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to be involved in cell proliferation. The present study was undertaken to investigate the expression of MMP-2 and the tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 in rat parotid gland following isoproterenol treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female Wistar rats were daily treated with isoproterenol (25mg/kg body weight) for 0, 1, 3, and 7 days. Expression of parotid gland MMP-2 and its tissue inhibitor TIMP-2 was analysed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results suggest that isoproterenol modulates expression of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNAs, as well as their protein expression levels in a time dependent-manner. Interestingly, at day 1 of treatment, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 expression were higher in comparison to untreated gland. At days 3 and 7, we can observe a gradual decrease of mRNA and protein levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest the presence of a isoproterenol-dependent modulation of extracellular matrix components. Such a modulation seems to be associated with β-adrenergic agonist-induced hyperplasy, occurring during the first 24h of agonist treatment, and hypertrophy of the parotid gland.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. f.damico@unict.it
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Amico
authors.forename: Evangelia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skarmoutsou
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mangano
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malaponte
authors.forename: Maria Clorinda
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mazzarino
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000209:etiology; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000209:etiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D007545:Isoproterenol