title: Oleic acid attenuates trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid-mediated inflammatory gene expression in human adipocytes.
abstract: The weight loss supplement conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) consists of an equal mixture of trans-10,cis-12 (10,12) and cis-9,trans-11 (9,11) isomers. However, high levels of mixed CLA isomers, or the 10,12 isomer, causes chronic inflammation, lipodystrophy, or insulin resistance. We previously demonstrated that 10,12 CLA decreases de novo lipid synthesis along with the abundance and activity of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD)-1, a δ-9 desaturase essential for the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Thus, we hypothesized that the 10,12 CLA-mediated decrease in SCD-1, with the subsequent decrease in MUFA, was responsible for the observed effects. To test this hypothesis, 10,12 CLA-treated human adipocytes were supplemented with oleic acid for 12 h to 7 days, and inflammatory gene expression, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and lipid content were measured. Oleic acid reduced inflammatory gene expression in a dose-dependent manner, and restored the lipid content of 10,12 CLA-treated adipocytes without improving insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In contrast, supplementation with stearic acid, a substrate for SCD-1, or 9,11 CLA did not prevent inflammatory gene expression by 10,12 CLA. Notably, 10,12 CLA impacted the expression of several G-protein coupled receptors that was attenuated by oleic acid. Collectively, these data show that oleic acid attenuates 10,12 CLA-induced inflammatory gene expression and lipid content, possibly by alleviating cell stress caused by the inhibition of MUFA needed for phospholipid and neutral lipid synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA. mareardo@uncg.edu
authors.forename: Meaghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reardon
authors.forename: Semone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gobern
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Wan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McIntosh
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D009829:Oleic Acids; C496197:trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase