title: Fibre reinforcement of two temporary composite bridge materials--effect upon flexural properties.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Temporary bridges must survive for their anticipated time in clinical service. Fibre reinforcement offers a potential means of increasing the chances of achieving this. This study sought to investigate this.
  
  
  METHODS
  This in vitro study determined the three point flexural strength and flexural fatigue characteristics of beam specimens (25 mm long × 3 mm wide × 2 mm deep) of a chairside temporary crown and bridge material (Protemp 4, 3M ESPE) and a laboratory resin composite (Ceramage, Shofu Inc.) in unreinforced and reinforced states. Reinforcement was provided by Everstick Crown and Bridge (Stick Tech Ltd.) and Ribbond THM (Ribbond Inc.). All testing was performed using an Instron Universal testing machine following one week of storage in distilled water at 37 °C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fibre reinforcement with Everstick C&B significantly (P < 0.001) increased the mean flexural strengths of both materials. The flexural fatigue limits of both Protemp 4 and Ceramage were significantly (P < 0.001) increased by fibre incorporation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed fibre resin coupling (where Everstick C&B was used) and knitting together of fractured specimen fragments to restore specimen function (specimens where Ribbond THM was used) demonstrated the potential to enhance the durability of temporary bridges made of the materials studied here.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incorporation of fibre reinforcement in temporary bridge materials has the potential to enhance the longevity of temporary bridges and thus reduce the need for emergency treatment.
authors.affiliation: Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences - Department of Applied Dental Sciences, Jordan.
authors.forename: E Q H
authors.initials: EQ
authors.lastname: Al Twal
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Chadwick
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000465:Algorithms; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003779:Denture Design; D003833:Denture, Partial, Temporary; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D018583:Pliability; D011095:Polyethylenes / Q000737:chemistry; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D011095:Polyethylenes; C084063:RIBBOND; D017640:Silicates; C574687:ceramage; C496140:everStick; C009753:fiberglass; D014867:Water; C069714:Protemp; D015040:Zirconium