title: Predicting risk and the emergence of schizophrenia.
abstract: This article gives an overview of genetic and environmental risk factors for schizophrenia. The presence of certain molecular, biological, and psychosocial factors at certain points in the life span, has been linked to later development of schizophrenia. All need to be considered in the context of schizophrenia as a lifelong brain disorder. Research interest in schizophrenia is shifting to late childhood/early adolescence for screening and preventative measures. This article discusses those environmental risk factors for schizophrenia for which there is the largest evidence base.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Education and Research Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland. maryclarke@rcsi.ie
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kelleher
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clancy
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cannon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data