title: Comparison of bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived canine mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) are potential cellular sources of therapeutic stem cells. MSCs are a multipotent population of cells capable of differentiating into a number of mesodermal lineages. Treatment using MSCs appears to be a helpful approach for structural restoration in regenerative medicine. Correct identification of these cells is necessary, but there is inadequate information on the MSC profile of cell surface markers and mRNA expression in dogs. In this study, we performed molecular characterization of canine BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs using immunological and mRNA expression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Samples were confirmed to be multipotent based on their osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. And these cells were checked as stem cell, hematopoietic and embryonic stem cell (ESC) markers by flow cytometry. BM- and AT-MSCs showed high expression of CD29 and CD44, moderate expression of CD90, and were negative for CD34, CD45, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60, and TRA-1-81. SSEA-1 was expressed at very low levels in AT-MSCs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed expression of Oct3/4, Sox2, and Nanog in BM- and AT-MSCs. There was no significant difference in expression of Oct3/4 and Sox2 between BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs. However, Nanog expression was 2.5-fold higher in AT-MSCs than in BM-MSCs. Using immunocytochemical analysis, Oct3/4 and Sox2 proteins were observed in BM- and AT-MSCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provide fundamental information to enable for more reproducible and reliable quality control in the identification of canine BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs by protein and mRNA expression analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonancho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takemitsu
authors.forename: Dongwei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yasuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michishita
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers