title: Ionome of soybean seed affected by previous cropping with mycorrhizal plant and manure application.
abstract: Two field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of previous cultivation of an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) host plant and manure application on the concentration of 19 mineral elements in soybean ( Glycine max  L. Merr. cv. Tsurumusume) seeds. Each experiment ran for two years (experiment 1 took place in 2007-2008, and experiment 2 took place in 2008-2009) with a split plot design. Soybeans were cultivated after growing either an AM host plant (maize,  Zea mays  L. cv. New dental) or a non-AM host plant (buckwheat,  Fagopyrum esculentum  Moench. cv. Kitawase-soba) in the first year in the main plots, with manure application (0 and 20 t/ha) during the soybean season in split plots from both main plots. On the basis of the two experiments, manure application significantly increased the available potassium (K) and decreased the available iron (Fe) and cesium (Cs) in the soil. However, higher concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and barium (Ba) and lower concentrations of Cs in the seed were induced by the application of manure. Cd levels in the seed were decreased by prior cultivation with the AM host plant. The present study showed that the identity of the prior crop and manure application changed the mineral contents of the soybean seed and suggests a connection between environmental factors and food safety.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agriculture,  Hokkaido University , Sapporo 062-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.forename: Norikuni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Biatna Dulbert
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Tampubolon
authors.forename: Keiki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osaki
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinano
mesh_terms: D001464:Barium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002118:Calcium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002586:Cesium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D019612:Fagopyrum; D005308:Fertilizers; D007501:Iron / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008372:Manure; D038821:Mycorrhizae; D011188:Potassium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil; D013025:Glycine max / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D008372:Manure; D012987:Soil; D002104:Cadmium; D002586:Cesium; D001464:Barium; D007501:Iron; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium