title: A novel complete radiation protection system eliminates physician radiation exposure and leaded aprons.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Occupational health hazards associated with fluoroscopic-based procedures are well known, including a high prevalence of orthopedic problems, and those related to radiation exposure, particularly cancer and cataracts. This article reports the "first-in-man" clinical experience with a novel radiation protection system designed to eliminate radiation exposure to operators and thereby obviate the need for orthopedically burdensome leaded aprons. The Trinity Radiation Protection System consists of a combination of fixed shields, radiation drapes, and interconnecting flexible radiation resistant materials creating a complete radiation protection environment for the operators, yet maintaining full and unimpeded contact with the patient and total control of all operational elements of the catheterization equipment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This report constitutes an analysis of 19 nonrandomized cases in which operator radiation exposure data were collected (Trinity Radiation Protection System n = 10 cases versus standard shielding alone n = 9). In all cases performed with the Trinity System, there was neither any measurable significant radiation exposure in any anatomic region nor for the total case, whereas operators performing cases with standard shielding were exposed to radiation in all regions of their bodies (total per case exposure differences P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel radiation protection system described is the first to provide a complete radiation barrier that eliminates radiation exposure to operators, thereby obviating the need for orthopedically burdensome leaded aprons. This approach to radiation protection has promise to enhance the safety and occupational health of medical personnel in the catheterization laboratory.
authors.affiliation: Michigan Cardiovascular Institute, Covenant Hospital, Saginaw, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fattal
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004867:Equipment Design; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016272:Occupational Health; D011481:Protective Clothing; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007854:Lead