title: The impact of the Danish smoking ban on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exposure to secondhand smoke is associated with an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The positive impact of a smoking ban on AMI hospitalization rates has been demonstrated both inside and outside Europe. A national smoking ban (SB) was implemented in Denmark on 15 August 2007.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of the Danish SB on hospital admissions for AMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Poisson regression models were used to analyse changes over time in AMI-admissions in Denmark. We investigated a seven year period: five years before and two years after implementation of the SB. We accounted for the variation in the population size and for seasonal trends. Potential confounders included were: gender, age and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant reduction in the number of AMI-admissions was found in the last three years of the study period after adjusting for the potential confounders. The significant reductions were found one year before the SB (relative rate (RR) = 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79-0.94), one year after the SB (RR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.71-0.85) and two years after the SB (RR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.70-0.84).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant reduction in the number of AMI-admissions was found already one year before the SB after adjustment for the incidence of T2D. The results differ from most results found in similar studies throughout the world and may be explained by the incremental enactment of SBs in Denmark and the implementation of a nation-wide ban on industrially produced trans-fatty acids in food in 2004.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Tabita Maria
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Lisbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Charlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pisinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D033161:Government Regulation; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010343:Patient Admission; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution