title: Possibilities and limitations of implant placement by virtual planning data and surgical guide templates.
abstract: The use of computer-aided surgical systems for dental implant bed preparation and implant placement results in an average precision within 1 mm of implant position and within 5 degrees of deviation for implant inclination. The accuracy of axis and implant position is significantly more precise with the three-dimensional surgical guide than with the free-hand method. The three-dimensional assessment of the restorative goal (radiopaque simulation of prosthesis with scanning template) allows virtual planning of implants, which enables optimized positioning of implants with surgical guide templates in oral surgery. If there is a clear indication for three-dimensional diagnostics, it should always be checked whether the data can be used as planning data for a surgical guide template, otherwise the chance for guided surgery remains unused. Since uncertainties still exist despite the use of a drilling template, it is recommended that the minimum safety distance from adjacent structures be maintained. The successful use of surgical guide templates requires comprehensive knowledge of and experience in using three-dimensional information for the virtual planning of implant position.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral, Maxillary and Plastic Facial Surgery and Interdisciplinary Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Dr.A.Nickenig@t-online.de
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Nickenig
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eitner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rothamel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wichmann
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Zöller
mesh_terms: D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D014584:User-Computer Interface