title: Increased risk of acute hepatitis B among adults with diagnosed diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk of acute hepatitis B among adults with diabetes mellitus is unknown. We investigated the association between diagnosed diabetes and acute hepatitis B.
  
  
  METHODS
  Confirmed acute hepatitis B cases were reported in 2009-2010 to eight Emerging Infections Program (EIP) sites; diagnosed diabetes status was determined. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System respondents residing in EIP sites comprised the comparison group. Odds ratios (ORs) comparing acute hepatitis B among adults with diagnosed diabetes versus without diagnosed diabetes were determined by multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, and stratified by the presence or absence of risk behaviors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During 2009-2010, EIP sites reported 865 eligible acute hepatitis B cases among persons aged ≥23 years; 95 (11.0%) had diagnosed diabetes. Comparison group diabetes prevalence was 9.1%. Among adults without hepatitis B risk behaviors and with reported diabetes status, the OR for acute hepatitis B comparing adults with and without diabetes was 1.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4, 2.6); ORs for adults ages 23-59 and ≥60 years were 2.1 (95% CI = 1.6, 2.8) and 1.5 (95% = CI 0.9, 2.5), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes was independently associated with an increased risk for acute hepatitis B among adults without HBV risk behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Meredith L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.forename: Sarah F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Schillie
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Tasha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Poissant
authors.forename: Candace W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Vonderwahl
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gerard
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mercedes
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sweet
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muleta
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Zaccaro
authors.forename: R Monina
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Klevens
authors.forename: Trudy V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult