title: Triphala and its active constituent chebulinic acid are natural inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor-a mediated angiogenesis.
abstract: Triphala churna (THL) is a combination of three fruits that has been used for many years in India for the treatment of various diseases. There are now reports which indicate that THL can inhibit growth of malignant tumors in animals. However, the mechanisms by which THL mediates its anti-tumor actions are still being explored. Because vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) induced angiogenesis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cancer, we therefore investigated whether tumor inhibitory effects of THL or its active constituents are through suppression of VEGF actions. We herein report that THL and chebulinic (CI) present in THL can significantly and specifically inhibit VEGF induced angiogenesis by suppressing VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) phosphorylation. These results are of clinical significance as these inexpensive and non-toxic natural products can be used for the prevention and treatment of diseases where VEGF induced angiogenesis has an important role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Debanjan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chakroborty
authors.forename: Chandrani
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Zhiliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Zhongfa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sujit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basu
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; D006801:Humans; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C520904:triphala; C103481:chebulinic acid; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2