title: Analyzing diurnal and age-related pheromone emission of the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae by sequential SPME-GCMS analysis.
abstract: The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae), uses 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane ("olean"), produced primarily by females, as a sex pheromone. We used sequential solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GCMS) analysis to show that female olive flies release about 1000 ng of pheromone at the onset of scotophase for several weeks, while males release about 1/100 as much during the first week after eclosion. The present research demonstrates details of employing SPME-GCMS with the partially known pheromone system of the olive fruit fly as a model for pheromone identification and diurnal release patterns in insects, especially fruit flies. The sequential SPME-GCMS method will readily allow detection and semi-quantification of semiochemicals released by insects in minute amounts throughout the diurnal cycle.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel. anatzada@volcani.agri.gov.il
authors.forename: Anat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levi-Zada
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nestel
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fefer
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nemni-Lavy
authors.forename: Inbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Deloya-Kahane
authors.forename: Maayan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: David
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008297:Male; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D033621:Tephritidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012724:Sex Attractants; D013141:Spiro Compounds; C103434:1,7-dioxaspiro(5.5)undecane