title: Videofluoroscopic evaluation of mastication and swallowing in individuals with TMD.
abstract: To study mastication and swallowing disorders in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate mastication and swallowing disorders in patients with severe TMD referred to surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and experimental study involving ten individuals with TMD submitted to deglutition videofluoroscopy. These patients did not have posterior teeth, mastication pain and food replacement in favor of pasty consistence food. The assessment of the oral and pharyngeal phases approached the following aspects: side of onset and preferential side for chewing, premature escape, remains of food residues in the oral cavity or in the pharyngeal recesses, number of necessary swallowing efforts, laryngeal penetration and/or tracheal aspiration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During mastication and the oral phase we observed tongue compensatory movements upon chewing (n = 7; 70%), premature escape (n = 4; 40%), food remains in the cavity after swallowing (n = 5; 50%) and an excessive number of deglutition efforts (n = 5; 50%). On the pharyngeal phase we observed food remains in the valleculae (n = 6; 60%), in the pyriform sinuses (n = 4; 40%); laryngeal penetration (n = 1; 10%) and tracheal aspiration (n = 4; 40%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TMD patients may have alterations in their chewing and swallowing patterns, with laryngeal penetration and/or tracheal aspiration. The study indicates the need for a multidisciplinary assessment because of dysphagia in TMD patients.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Motilidade Digestiva, Hospital da Cruz Vermelha. 　carlamaffei@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maffei
authors.forename: Marçal Motta de
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.forename: Noemi Grigoletto de
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Biase
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pasetti
authors.forename: Paulo A Monteiro
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: Kelly Cristina Alves
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Silvério
authors.forename: Maria Inês Rebelo
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult