title: Photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of surgical implant coatings of titanium dioxide deposited though cathodic arc evaporation.
abstract: Nanostructured crystalline titanium dioxide coatings deposited by cathodic arc evaporated on titanium grade five medical implant substrates were demonstrated to exhibit UV-induced photocatalytic activity that can be utilized to provide bactericidal effects against Staphylococcus epidermidis. The photocatalytic activity of the coatings was confirmed via degradation of Rhodamine B under UV illumination. A 90 % reduction of viable bacteria was achieved in a clinically suitable time of only 2 min with a UV dose of 2.4 J delivered at 365 nm. These results are encouraging for the development of antimicrobial surfaces in orthopedics and dentistry in order to prevent or treat post-surgical infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the possibility of employing photocatalysis for elimination of S. epidermidis, known to cause medical device related infections, under short enough times to be clinically useful on an implant surface produced with a technique that is suitable for mass production.
authors.affiliation: Division for Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Department of Engineering Sciences, The Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lilja
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Forsgren
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Astrand
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Engqvist
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strømme
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D049329:Nanostructures; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000382:microbiology*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium