title: Low postnatal serum IGF-I levels are associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize postnatal changes in serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) in relation to development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in very preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study of 108 infants with mean (SD) gestational age (GA) 27.2 (2.2) weeks. Weekly serum samples of IGF-I were analysed from birth until postmenstrual age (PMA) 36 weeks. Multivariate models were developed to identify independent predictors of BPD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postnatal mean IGF-I levels at postnatal day (PND) 3-21 were lower in infants with BPD compared with infants with no BPD (16 vs. 26 μg/L, p < 0.001). Longitudinal postnatal change in IGF-I levels (IGF-I regression coefficient (β)), PNDs 3-21, was lower in infants with BPD compared with infants with no BPD (0.28 vs. 0.97, p = 0.002) and mean IGF-I during PMA 30-33 weeks was lower in infants with BPD as compared with infants without BPD (22 vs. 29 μg/L, p < 0.001). In a binomial multiple regression model, lower GA, male gender and lower mean serum IGF-I levels during PND 3-21 were the most predictive risk factors associated with BPD (r(2) = 0.634, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower IGF-I concentrations during the first weeks after very preterm birth are associated with later development of BPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. chatarina.lofqvist@gu.se
authors.forename: Chatarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Löfqvist
authors.forename: Gunnel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hellgren
authors.forename: Aimon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niklasson
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Engström
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ley
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hansen-Pupp
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000097:blood*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood; D002657:Child Development; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000097:blood; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C035170:IGF2 protein, human; C032231:IGFBP1 protein, human; C577903:IGFBP2 protein, human; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; C075944:insulin-like growth factor binding protein, acid labile subunit; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II