title: Recent advances in bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
abstract: Bone disorders are of significant concern due to increase in the median age of our population. Traditionally, bone grafts have been used to restore damaged bone. Synthetic biomaterials are now being used as bone graft substitutes. These biomaterials were initially selected for structural restoration based on their biomechanical properties. Later scaffolds were engineered to be bioactive or bioresorbable to enhance tissue growth. Now scaffolds are designed to induce bone formation and vascularization. These scaffolds are often porous, made of biodegradable materials that harbor different growth factors, drugs, genes, or stem cells. In this review, we highlight recent advances in bone scaffolds and discuss aspects that still need to be improved.
authors.affiliation: W.M. Keck Biomedical Materials Research Lab, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-2920, USA. sbose@wsu.edu
authors.forename: Susmita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.forename: Mangal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyay
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D001842:Bone and Bones; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds