title: [Application of persistent methylene blue dyeing method for anatomic hepatectomy of hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct tumor thrombi].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of anatomic hepatectomy of hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct tumor thrombi by application of persistent methylene blue dyeing method.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2009 to February 2011, 11 hepatocellular carcinoma patients with bile duct tumor thrombi underwent anatomic hepatectomy with removal of the biliary tumor thrombus. There were 10 male and 1 female patients. The average age was 49 years (ranging from 31 to 67 years). The initial symptom of 9 out of the 11 patients was jaundice. After anatomy and ligation of Glissonean pedicle of pre-resection segment, methylene blue was injected into its far-end portal vein in order to dye the segment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Persistent methylene blue dyeing method was successful in all patients. Primary foci were found in all patients. Hepatectomy were performed, including 4 patients of segmentectomy, 3 patients of subsegmentectomy, 2 patients of hemihepatectomy, and 2 patients of hepatic sectionectomy. The mean operation time and blood loss was 137 minutes and 246 ml respectively. Severe complications such as liver function failure and sub-diaphragm abscess was avoided in all patients. No perioperative death. Post-operation radiotherapy was performed on 2 patients . Over a mean follow-up time of 14.6 months, liver cancer recurrence occurred in 2 patients, abdomen seeding metastasis in 1 patient, bile duct tumor thrombi recurrence in 1 case, and 2 patients died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anatomic hepatectomy of hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct tumor thrombi by application of persistent methylene blue dyeing method can make resection more precise and improve curative effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Shou-wang
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Wen-ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Shi-zhong
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Li-ning
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Wen-zhi
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jia-hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue; D008875:Middle Aged; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D008751:Methylene Blue