title: Comparison of melatonin and ozone in the prevention of reperfusion injury following unilateral testicular torsion in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of ozone with melatonin, shown as the most powerful antioxidant in attenuation of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury, in an experimental rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: sham-operated, torsion/detorsion, torsion/detorsion plus melatonin, and torsion/detorsion plus ozone. Melatonin (10 mg/kg) and ozone (4 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected daily beginning 15 minutes before detorsion for the following 7 days. At the seventh day, blood and tissue samples were obtained. Johnsen score, malondialdehyde, inhibin B, glutathione plasma total sulfhydryl group (RSH) levels, and total nitric oxide were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Torsion/detorsion caused increase in tissue malondialdehyde and total nitric oxide along with a decrease in Johnsen score, tissue and plasma inhibin B, RSH, and glutathione levels. Melatonin prevented the rise in malondialdehyde and total nitric oxide levels and improved Johnsen score, tissue and plasma inhibin B, and tissue glutathione levels, along with a decrease in plasma RSH level. Ozone showed similar results except for the total nitric oxide level. Concomitantly, in contralateral testis, melatonin and ozone induced similar changes for Johnsen score, malondialdehyde, and inhibin B (not significant) and in glutathione (significant). Melatonin decreased the total nitric oxide level in both testes and ozone increased the same parameter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On different pathways, ozone was comparable with melatonin in the amelioration of ischemia/reperfusion injury. Protective effects of ozone were associated with nitrous oxide. The potential for ozone as a treatment for torsion/detorsion therefore deserves to be further elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Maltepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. ekicimiami@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekici
authors.forename: A Işın
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Doğan Ekici
authors.forename: Güler
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Öztürk
authors.forename: Fehime
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benli Aksungar
authors.forename: Orhun
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sinanoğlu
authors.forename: Güven
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Nurettin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lüleci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007265:Inhibins / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010126:Ozone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; C422364:inhibin B; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007265:Inhibins; D010126:Ozone; D005978:Glutathione; D008550:Melatonin