title: [The subcellular organelles of peroxisome, realization of biologic functions of trophology, homeostasis, endoecology and functional bond with mitochondrion: the lecture].
abstract: The biologic role of peroxisomes in cells is that the organelles in respect to fatty acids, lipids and substrates synthesized from acetate implement the same fimnctions as the lysosomes exercise to proteins and polypeptides. The biologic role of peroxisomes is to optimize in vivo the exogenous fatty acids in hepatocytes under the realization of biologic functions of trophology, homeostasis, endoecology. About 800 individual fatty acids can penetrate into organism with food. At that, no more than thirty of them undergo the metabolic transformation in vivo. The rest hundreds of fatty acids are aphysiologic and have to be oxidized into peroxisomes under isochronic activation of alpha-, beta- and omega-oxydases without ATP formation. If in peroxisomes are formed fatty acids that can oxidize mitochondrions by beta-oxidation then the proteins of cytosol transfer fatty acids from peroxisomes to mitochondrions. The mitochondrions oxidize fatty acids in the Krebs cycle to form ATP. The oxidation in peroxisomes concerns the fatty acids with odd numbers of carbon atoms, the transforms of unsaturated fatty acids, the very long chain fatty acids, the fatty acids with carbon atoms side-chains, the dicarboxylic fatty acids, the fatty acids with benzene or indole rings in carbon atoms chains. The peroxisomes oxidize the surplus amount of exogenous palmitic saturated fatty acid too. The peroxisomes implement the biologic.function of endoecology on autocrine level supporting the "purity" of cells cytosol and interact functionally with mitochondrions. In the intercellular medium of paracrine cells coens the fimctions of endoecology are realized by the Toll-similar receptors by the "our-not our" principle concerning phospholipids, positional aphysiologic triglycerides and proteolipids. In the peroxisomes, under the simultaneous oxidation of very long chain fatty acids, the synthesis by primate cells is possible of some amount of essential unsaturated and polyene fatty acids. The limited formation by animal cells of glucose from fatty acids is possible in the sequence "acetoneacetol spirit-metilglyoxal-D-glucose. The mutations in primary structure of peroxisomes oxidases are the main in-herent pathology.
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Titov
authors.forename: Iu K
authors.initials: IuK
authors.lastname: Shiriaeva
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kaba
mesh_terms: D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014280:Triglycerides