title: Direct contribution of obesity to oxidative damage to macromolecules.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity constitutes a common modifiable risk factor for certain non-communicable diseases (NCDs) associated with enhanced oxidative stress.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to examine serum concentrations of malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA+4-HDA), as an index of lipid peroxidation (LPO), and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) concentration in peripheral blood lymphocytes, as an index of nuclear DNA damage, in overweight and obese adult patients. LPO and 8-oxodG, as well as clinical and laboratory parameters, which are frequently affected by obesity, were evaluated in 58 overweight and obese adult patients, and in 20 healthy volunteers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both LPO and 8-oxodG levels were increased in overweight and obese patients, with further increase observed with the increasing body mass index (BMI). LPO correlated positively with body mass, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist:hip ratio, systolic or diastolic blood pressure, glucose, C-reactive protein and ferritin concentrations. 8-oxodG correlated positively with body mass, BMI, hip circumference and triglyceride concentration, whereas it correlated negatively with iron concentration. Expectedly, positive correlation between LPO and 8-oxodG was also found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMI constituted the only independent determinant (predictor) of LPO in overweight and obese patients. Consistently, LPO did constitute the only independent determinant of obesity. Overweight and obesity in adults are directly associated with increased oxidative damage to macromolecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. MKarbownik@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karbownik-Lewinska
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szosland
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kokoszko-Bilska
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stępniak
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zasada
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gesing
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lewinski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000502:physiology*; D003848:Deoxyguanine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D050177:Overweight / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D003848:Deoxyguanine Nucleotides; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008315:Malondialdehyde