title: Magnetic solid-phase extraction of five pyrethroids from environmental water samples followed by ultrafast liquid chromatography analysis.
abstract: In this study, the polystyrene-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs/PSt) were successfully prepared and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The as-prepared MNPs/PSt were used as the adsorbent in magnetic solid phase extraction of five pyrethroids, including lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, permethrin, bifenthrin, in environmental water samples. The five pyrethroids were determined by ultra fast liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectrometry. The influencing factors, including amount of MNPs/Pst, extraction time, pH value, type and volume of desorption solvent and desorption time, were examined and optimized. The extraction recoveries obtained with merely 50mg of MNPs/Pst were very satisfactory. The whole extraction process could be completed within 0.5h. The MNPs/PSt can be reused after an easy washing process. Thus, a simple, green, economical, time saving and effective method for pyrethroids analysis in environmental water samples was established. A high enrichment factor of 500 was achieved and the limits of detection for lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, permethrin, bifenthrin were 0.015±0.001 ng mL(-1), 0.012±0.001 ng mL(-1), 0.026±0.001 ng mL(-1), 0.020±0.001 ng mL(-1), 0.013±0.001 ng mL(-1), respectively. Recoveries obtained by analyzing spiked water samples at three concentration levels (0.100±0.001 ng mL(-1), 1.000±0.001 ng mL(-1), 10.000±0.001 ng mL(-1)) were between 78.97±8.38% and 96.05±8.38%. The standard curves for the five pyrethroids showed good linearity with the correlation coefficients in the range of 0.9994-0.9999. The intra-day and inter-day precision were satisfactory with the RSDs in the range of 2.05-5.52% and 2.73-8.38%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China.
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Chunzhu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiumin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yuanpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hanqi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Daqian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057230:Limit of Detection; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D060306:Magnetometry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical