title: Changes in expression of human serine protease HtrA1, HtrA2 and HtrA3             genes in benign and malignant thyroid tumors.
abstract: Human HtrA proteins are serine proteases involved in essential physiological processes. HtrA1 and HtrA3 function as tumor suppressors and inhibitors of the TGF-β signaling pathway. HtrA2 regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and plays a pivotal role in the induction of apoptosis. The aim of the study was to determine whether the HtrA proteins are involved in thyroid carcinogenesis. We used the immunoblotting technique to estimate protein levels of HtrA1, HtrA2, long and short variants of HtrA3 (HtrA3-L and HtrA3-S) and TGF-β1 in tissues of benign and malignant thyroid lesions, and control groups. We found that the levels of HtrA2 and HtrA3-S were higher in thyroid malignant tumors compared to normal tissues and benign tumors. The HtrA3-L level was increased in malignant tumor tissues compared to benign tumor tissues and control tissues from patients with benign lesions, and elevated in normal tissues from patients with thyroid carcinoma compared to normal tissues from patients with benign lesions. We also compared levels of HtrA proteins in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and found that these types of carcinoma differed in the expression of HtrA3-S and HtrA1. These results indicate the implication of HtrA proteins in thyroid carcinogenesis suggest that HtrA3 variants may play different roles in cancer development, and that the increased HtrA3-L levels in thyroid tissue could be correlated with the development of malignant lesions. The TGF-β1 levels in tumor tissues were not significantly altered compared to control tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-822 Gdansk, Poland. zurawa@biotech.ug.gda.pl
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zurawa-Janicka
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobiela
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galczynska
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stefaniak
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lipinska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lachinski
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skorko-Glonek
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Narkiewicz
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Proczko-Markuszewska
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sledzinski
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D000074289:High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; D000074923:High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 2; D006801:Humans; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C474013:HTRA3 protein, human; D000074289:High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; C474012:HTRA1 protein, human; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C000615914:HTRA2 protein, human; D000074923:High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 2