title: Furfural production from rice husk using sulfuric acid and a solid acid catalyst through a two-stage process.
abstract: This study aimed to optimize the conditions for furfural production from rice husk via a two-stage process: acid hydrolysis followed by dehydration using an orthogonal test design and response surface methodology, respectively. Orthogonal test design was utilized in the hydrolysis step; optimum conditions were as follows: 2.5% sulfuric acid (mass fraction), 110°C reaction temperature, sulfuric acid to rice husk (L/S) ratio of 8 (g/mL), and a reaction time of 3h. According to the Box-Behnken design, the temperature, amount of catalyst, extractant volume, and reaction time were chosen as four important factors with three levels for the dehydration step. Conditions were further optimized by response surface analysis. The results showed that the optimal conditions were 177°C, 120 mL extractant volume, 2.1g of catalyst, and a reaction time of 4.8h. Under the optimal conditions, the furfural yield reached 8.9%, which is consistent with the estimated value, 8.97%.
authors.affiliation: Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd of Henan Academy of Sciences, Key Biomass Energy Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450008 Henan, China.
authors.forename: Suxia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jinling
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shunqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Tingzhou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D005662:Furaldehyde; C033158:sulfuric acid