title: Sulforaphane inhibits proliferation by causing cell cycle arrest at             the G2/M phase in rabbit articular chondrocytes.
abstract: Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural compound extracted from cruciferous vegetables,             exhibits potent anticancer activity in various types of tumor cells. However,             the effect of SFN on the proliferation of chondrocytes is not well understood.             In the present study, we addressed the mechanism of action by which SFN suppresses             proliferation. We demonstrate that SFN causes an irreversible arrest in cell proliferation,             as determined by trypan blue dye exclusion assay and flow cytometric analysis.             SFN induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by downregulation of cyclin B,             cdc2 and cdc25c and upregulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 and p53 in a dose- and time-dependent             manner, as determined by western blot analysis. Our data suggest that SFN regulates             cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in rabbit articular chondrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences,                     Kongju National University, Gongju 314-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Seon-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jae-Chang
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Song-Ja
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000378:metabolism; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D059565:G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D059566:M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D019926:Cyclin B; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013861:Thiocyanates; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases; C016766:sulforaphane