title: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a patient with type 1 cryoglobulinemia.
abstract: Cutaneous manifestations of type 1 cryoglobulinemia are usually related to vascular occlusion by noninflammatory thrombosis; rarely is leukocytoclastic vasculitis seen in type 1 cryoglobulinemia. We report the case of a 64-year-old male who presented with isolated cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis that was initially attributed to essential mixed cryoglobulinemia after thorough diagnostic evaluation. A lack of adequate clinical response to therapy prompted further investigation, including cryoprecipitate electrophoresis and immunofixation, which revealed an IgM kappa monoclonal gammopathy consistent with type 1 cryoglobulinemia. A renewed search for an underlying malignancy led to the discovery of early Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. Although leukocytoclastic vasculitis is more characteristic of mixed cryoglobulinemia, it can be a presenting manifestation of type 1 cryoglobulinemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
authors.forename: Paul Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Pamela E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Prete
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kukes