title: Late recurrent urothelial carcinoma in the Studer neobladder: conversion to continent reservoir.
abstract: Bladder cancer represents a considerable issue in Egypt and the Middle East. Radical cystectomy and orthotopic neobladder represent the standard of care for managing cases with invasive bladder tumour. There are few cases reported in the literature considering the urothelial recurrence in the urethra, connected to neobladder. We are presenting a rare case of a young female patient, with an aggressive urothelial tumour, recurring 13-year post-radical cystectomy, and the Studer neobladder. Our case was managed by urethrectomy and conversion of the neobladder into continent reservoir, with good short-term oncological and functional outcomes. We can conclude that bladder cancer cases should be followed thoroughly throughout their life. Follow-up urethroscopy and cytology should be done for all cases of post-radical cystectomy, regardless of patients' symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Late urothelial recurrence of post-radical cystectomy is possible and, in our case, happened 13 years following surgery. The Studer neobladder can be safely converted into continent reservoir, allowing good functional outcomes. Also, recurrence in the Studer neobladder can be safely managed, allowing good oncological outcomes, without the need for any ureteroileal interventions.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Al-Kartoum Square, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Af
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotb
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alkosiry
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdelkawy
authors.forename: Ma
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atta