title: Development of a nutrient-dense food supplement for HIV-infected women in rural Kenya using qualitative and quantitative research methods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Formative research to facilitate the development, packaging and delivery of a culturally acceptable nutrition intervention for HIV-infected women in rural Kenya for an intervention trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focus group discussion on three areas: (i) ingredients and form of the nutrition intervention, (ii) packaging and delivery and (iii) monitoring of adherence. Two single-blind taste tests with eleven different porridge formulations of various combinations of maize flour, soyabeans, peanuts, sorghum, mung beans, dried fish, raisins and dried whole milk. Follow-up acceptability focus group discussion was also conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Voi, Kenya, community based.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focus group discussion and two taste tests (twenty-one women aged 16-55 years). Follow-up acceptability focus group discussion (four women enrolled in intervention trial).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preferred porridge for taste consisted of maize, soyabeans and peanuts. For animal protein, dried whole milk and dried fish were used. Although the women disliked the taste of dried fish, it was acceptable if added in small undetectable quantities. Sugar over lime was favoured for taste. Women believed they could consume at least two cups of porridge per day without displacing their usual meals. The optimal delivery interval was believed to be every two weeks in individual serving packages. Women who had been consuming porridge for several weeks felt the taste was acceptable for long-term consumption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This formative research resulted in the development, packaging and delivery of a nutrient-dense food supplement using local ingredients to meet the dietary needs of the population and acceptable for daily consumption by women in Kenya for evaluation in an intervention trial.
authors.affiliation: Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, USA. shong@tuftsmedicalcenter.org
authors.forename: Steven Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Kristy M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hendricks
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wanke
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Omosa
authors.forename: Shem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patta
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mwero
authors.forename: Innocent
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mjomba
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Queenan
authors.forename: Mkaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mwamburi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D010367:Arachis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002523:Edible Grain; D002149:Energy Intake; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005433:Flour; D017144:Focus Groups; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods; D005518:Food Preferences; D005522:Food Services; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000178:diet therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D008460:Meat; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012424:Rural Population; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013025:Glycine max; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013649:Taste; D055815:Young Adult; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D018977:Micronutrients