title: The bedside examination of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR): an update.
abstract: Diagnosing dizzy patients remains a daunting challenge to the clinician in spite of modern imaging and increasingly sophisticated electrophysiological testing. Here we review the major bedside tests of the vestibulo-ocular reflex and how, when combined with a proper examination of the other eye movement systems, one can arrive at an accurate vestibular diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Oculomotor Lab, Path 2-210, 600 N. Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. akherad@jhu.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kheradmand
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Zee
mesh_terms: D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D006257:Head / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods*; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D012027:Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests / Q000379:methods