title: RhinAsthma patient perspective: a short daily asthma and rhinitis QoL assessment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study aimed to develop a short validated patient-completed questionnaire, the RhinAsthma Patient Perspective (RAPP), to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis in clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A provisional RAPP questionnaire was formed from candidate items identified through retrospective analysis of 333 RHINASTHMA questionnaires. This was then tested on 150 asthma patients with allergic rhinitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychometric analyses identified eight items fitting a unidimensional model to form RAPP. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient > 0.8) and agreement with RHINASTHMA (r = -0.31, P = 0.0001) were excellent. Criterion, discriminant, and convergent validity were good. Reliability in 47 stable patients was very good (intra-class and concordance correlation coefficients were 0.90 and 0.89, respectively). Responsiveness in 103 patients with health improvement or deterioration was significantly associated with changes in Global Rating Scale (r = -0.4965, P < 0.01), Rhinitis Visual Analogue Scale (r = 0.5722, P < 0.01) and asthma control test (r = -0.6483, P < 0.01). Minimal clinical difference in the analyzed population was 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RhinAsthma Patient Perspective is a simple eight-question questionnaire with good measurement properties and sensitivity to health changes, which will provide a valid, reliable and standardized HRQoL measurement in patients with asthma and comorbid allergic rhinitis in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Respiratory Diseases Clinic, University of Genoa, IRCCS-AOU San Martino, Genova, Italy. fulvio.braido@unige.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Braido
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baiardini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stagi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scichilone
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ridolo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gani
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balestracci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Girbino
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Senna
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bordo
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Church
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Canonica
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001249:Asthma / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D065631:Rhinitis, Allergic; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires