title: Papaya epicarp extract protects against aluminum-induced neurotoxicity.
abstract: In a previous study, we demonstrated the ability of papaya epicarp extract (PEE) to protect against oxidative stress-induced insult in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells in a mechanism that appeared to be by means of PEE potent antioxidant properties. To further understand this relationship, we examined the effect of PEE intervention on aluminum (Al)-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. The results indicated that PEE was effective in protecting against Al-induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. PEE restored the Al-induced inhibition of folate-dependent methionine synthase activity and the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidases and superoxide dismutase). PEE ameliorated the Al-induced impairment of intracellular glutathione and total antioxidant capacity. Together, these findings indicate that PEE supplementation can play a neuroprotective role in ameliorating the changes in redox status of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to Al, a well-known environmental toxin that is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 34, Al-Koud-123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. waly.mostafa@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mostafa I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Waly
authors.forename: Nejib
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guizani
authors.forename: Amanat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Mohammad Shafiur
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rahman
mesh_terms: D013766:5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase / Q000187:drug effects*; D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D029441:Carica; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000535:Aluminum; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D013766:5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase; D005978:Glutathione