title: Norms of valence, arousal, dominance, and age of acquisition for 4,300 Dutch words.
abstract: This article presents norms of valence/pleasantness, activity/arousal, power/dominance, and age of acquisition for 4,300 Dutch words, mainly nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. The norms are based on ratings with a 7-point Likert scale by independent groups of students from two Belgian (Ghent and Leuven) and two Dutch (Rotterdam and Leiden-Amsterdam) samples. For each variable, we obtained high split-half reliabilities within each sample and high correlations between samples. In addition, the valence ratings of a previous, more limited study (Hermans & De Houwer, Psychologica Belgica, 34:115-139, 1994) correlated highly with those of the present study. Therefore, the new norms are a valuable source of information for affective research in the Dutch language.
authors.affiliation: Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. agnes.moors@ugent.be
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moors
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Houwer
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wanmaker
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: van Schie
authors.forename: Anne-Laura
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Van Harmelen
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Schryver
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Winne
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brysbaert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000367:Age Factors; D001143:Arousal; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011209:Power, Psychological; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012930:Social Dominance; D014825:Vocabulary; D014936:Word Association Tests; D055815:Young Adult