title: Mexican mestizo population sub-structure: effects on genetic and forensic statistical parameters.
abstract: Since Mexican mestizos are an admixed population, it is necessary to determine the effects that the substructure of the population has on genetic and forensic parameters. With this aim, a study was performed with 15 STR loci (CODIS plus D2S1338 and D19S433) on 1,640 unrelated Mexican mestizos. We determine allele and genotypic frequencies observing departure from Hardy-Weinberg expectation (12 out of 15 loci, with an excess of homozygotes, Fis > 0), as well as pairs of loci in an apparent linkage disequilibrium (13 of 92 loci). We conducted a test for genetic population stratification, the results show that the Mexican mestizo population is substructured into three subgroups, which are in HW and linkage equilibrium. The combination of the 15 loci in the whole population has high forensic efficiency with the capacity to genetically discriminate one individual in one quintillion (1/10(18)). Our data potentially validates the use of these 15 STR loci to establish forensic identity and parentage testing for legal purposes, and offers a powerful tool for genetic variation analysis. However, given that the population is stratified, we highly recommend applying a correction with the inbreeding coefficient in calculations of paternity and forensic studies to avoid erroneous assumptions.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México.
authors.forename: Gino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Noris
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santana
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Meraz-Ríos
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Lourdes Munoz
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majluf-Cruz
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Magaña
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Granados
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quezada
authors.forename: María Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Revilla
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martínez-Salas
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xihuitl
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martínez de la Escalera
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Díaz-Badillo
authors.forename: Emma S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Calderon-Aranda
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gómez
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D053803:Forensic Genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056426:Genetic Loci; D005820:Genetic Testing; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000235:genetics*; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008800:Mexico; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010334:Paternity; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*