title: Tumor necrosis factor receptors: biology and therapeutic potential in kidney diseases.
abstract: The major evolutionary advance represented in the human immune system is a mechanism of antigen-directed immunity in which tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and TNF receptors (TNFRs) play essential roles. Binding of TNF-α to the 55-kDa type I TNFR (TNFR1, TNFRSF1A, CD120a, p55) or the 75-kDa type II TNFR (TNFR2, TNFRSF1B, CD120b, p75) activates signaling pathways controlling inflammatory, immune and stress responses, as well as host defense and apoptosis. Multiple studies have investigated the role of TNFRs in the development of early and late renal failure (diabetic nephropathy, nephroangiosclerosis, acute kidney transplant rejection, renal cell carcinoma, glomerulonephritis, sepsis and obstructive renal injury). This article reviews the general characteristics, the analytical aspects and the biology of TNFRs in this domain. In addition, the potential therapeutic application of specific TNFR blockers is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. Marijn.Speeckaert@ugent.be
authors.forename: Marijn M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Speeckaert
authors.forename: Reinhart
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Speeckaert
authors.forename: Margo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laute
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vanholder
authors.forename: Joris R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Delanghe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007249:Inflammation; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D018805:Sepsis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha