title: Biomarkers of Parkinson's disease: current status and future perspectives.
abstract: This review summarizes major advances in biomarker discovery for diagnosis, differential diagnosis and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD), with emphasis on neuroimaging and biochemical markers. Potential strategies to develop biomarkers capable of predicting PD in the prodromal stage before the appearance of motor symptoms or correlating with nonmotor symptoms, an active area of research, are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jake G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: Chuantao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Travis J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D059906:Neuroimaging; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers