title: Association of angiotensinogen (M235T) gene polymorphism with blood pressure lowering response to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (Enalapril).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been suggested that genetic backgrounds, which have an association with essential hypertension, may also determine the responsiveness to ACE inhibitor. We determined the association of angiotensinogen (M235T) gene polymorphism with essential hypertension and the relationship between polymorphism in the angiotensinogen (M235T) gene and blood pressure response to ACE inhibitor (Enalapril) in patients with essential hypertension from northern Indian subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  250 patients with essential hypertension and 250 normal healthy controls from Delhi and surrounding areas were recruited for the investigation. Blood pressure was recorded before and after 6 weeks of treatment with ACE inhibitors, Enalapril. Genotyping were carried out by polymerase chain reaction and Restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant association of T allele was observed with essential hypertension [x2 = 14.67, p = 0.00013, Odds ratio = 1.76 (1.3-2.32) at 95% CI], the relative risk at 95% CI being 1.28 (1.2-1.54). The decrease in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after six weeks of treatment of the patients carrying TT genotype (SBP = 26 ± 17.4 mmHg, DBP = 14.83 ± 7.6 mmHg) were greater than the groups carrying MT (SBP = 3.0 ± 7.8 mmHg, DBP = 6.2 ± 3.0 mmHg) and MM genotypes (SBP = 1.2 ± 0.8 mmHg, DBP = 0.10 ± 12.1 mm Hg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The angiotensinogen (M235T) gene polymorphism is significantly associated with essential hypertension. Patients carrying TT genotype had higher blood pressure lowering response when treated with ACE inhibitor, Enalapril than those carrying MM and MT genotypes suggesting that the T allele may be a possible genetic marker for essential hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cardiology Lab, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, India. kamna_srivastava@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Kamna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: Jagriti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Narang
authors.forename: Daman
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saluja
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004656:Enalapril / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D004656:Enalapril