title: Human parainfluenza virus serotypes differ in their kinetics of replication and cytokine secretion in human tracheobronchial airway epithelium.
abstract: Human parainfluenza viruses (PIVs) cause acute respiratory illness in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. PIV3 is a common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia, whereas PIV1 and 2 are frequent causes of upper respiratory tract illness and croup. To assess how PIV1, 2, and 3 differ with regard to replication and induction of type I interferons, interleukin-6, and relevant chemokines, we infected primary human airway epithelium (HAE) cultures from the same tissue donors and examined replication kinetics and cytokine secretion. PIV1 replicated to high titer yet did not induce cytokine secretion until late in infection, while PIV2 replicated less efficiently but induced an early cytokine peak. PIV3 replicated to high titer but induced a slower rise in cytokine secretion. The T cell chemoattractants CXCL10 and CXCL11 were the most abundant chemokines induced. Differences in replication and cytokine secretion might explain some of the differences in PIV serotype-specific pathogenesis and epidemiology.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, RNA Viruses Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-2007, USA.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schaap-Nutt
authors.forename: Rachael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liesman
authors.forename: Emmalene J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Scull
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Pickles
authors.forename: Alexander C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D001980:Bronchi / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D010222:Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D010223:Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D012703:Serotyping; D013045:Species Specificity; D014132:Trachea / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6