title: Pleurotus eryngii immobilized Amberlite XAD-16 as a solid-phase biosorbent for preconcentrations of Cd2+ and Co2+ and their determination by ICP-OES.
abstract: This article reports a method that is used for the preconcentration and determination of Cd(2+) and Co(2+) in vegetables, using Pleurotus eryngii immobilized Amberlite XAD-16 as a solid-phase biosorbent. The concentrations of metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical spectrometry (ICP-OES). Critical parameters, such as the pH of the solution, flow rate, the amount of biosorbent, type and volume of eluent, and the sample volume, that affect the solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure were optimized. The optimum extraction conditions were determined as being a pH of 6.0 for Cd(2+) and of 5.0 for Co(2+); a sample flow rate of 2.0 mL min(-1); 200.0mg of biosorbent; and 5.0 mL of 1.0 mol L(-1) HCl as eluent. The capacities of the biosorbent for metal uptake were found to be 11.3 and 9.8 mg g(-1) for Cd(2+) and Co(2+) ions, respectively. Limit of quantitations (LOQs) were found to be 0.67 and 0.82 ng mL(-1), respectively, for Cd(2+) and Co(2+). The linear working curves were observed to be in the linear range from 1.0 to 50.0 ng mL(-1), and possessed high correlation coefficients. The use of the SPE method showed 50.7- and 35.7-fold improvements in the sensitivities of ICP-OES. The developed method was successfully applied to NCS ZC-73014 (a certified reference tea sample). Relative standard deviations (RSD) were lower than 5.0%. The Cd(2+) and Co(2+) concentrations in the different parts (leave, root, stem, and fruit) of purslane, onion, rocket, okra, and aubergine were determined after microwave digestion and solid-phase extraction by P. eryngii immobilized on Amberlite XAD-16.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkey. sadin77@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Sadin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özdemir
authors.forename: Veysi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Okumuş
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kılınç
authors.forename: Havin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bilgetekin
authors.forename: Abdurrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dündar
authors.forename: Berrin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ziyadanogˇulları
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003035:Cobalt / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D020076:Pleurotus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D002104:Cadmium; C074337:Amberlite XAD-16; D003035:Cobalt