title: Prostanoids and inflammatory pain.
abstract: Prostanoids play pivotal roles in inflammation and pain. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), depress prostanoid formation and are widely used to treat inflammatory pain. However, their therapeutic benefit is offset by serious side-effects, primarily gastrointestinal and cardiovascular complications. Pathway elements downstream of the COX enzymes, particularly the terminal synthases and receptors of prostaglandin E2, have been proposed as alternative targets for the development of novel NSAID like drugs. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of individual prostanoids in modulating inflammatory pain.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Guangrui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Tilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grosser
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071876:Prostaglandin-E Synthases; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism*; D058307:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D011453:Prostaglandins; D058307:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; D000071876:Prostaglandin-E Synthases