title: Effects of different surface treatments on shear bond strength in two different ceramic systems.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different surface treatments (sandblasting, acid etching, and laser irradiation) on the shear bond strength of lithium disilicate-based core (IPS Empress 2) and feldspathic ceramics (VITA VM 9). One hundred ceramic discs were divided into two groups of 50 discs each for two ceramic systems: IPS Empress 2 (group I) and VITA VM 9 (group II). Each of the two groups was further divided into five surface treatment groups (ten each) as follows: group SB, sandblasting with alumina particles (50 μm); group HF, 5 % hydrofluoric acid etching; group L, Er:YAG laser irradiation (distance, 1 mm; 500 mJ; 20 Hz; 10 W; manually, noncontact R14 handpiece); group SB-L, sandblasting + Er:YAG laser; and group HF-L, 5 % hydrofluoric acid + Er:YAG laser. Luting cement (Panavia 2.0) was bonded to the ceramic specimens using Teflon tubes. After 24 h of water storage, a shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference tests (α = 0.05). The two-way ANOVA indicated that the shear bond strength was significantly affected by the surface treatment methods (p < 0.05), but there was no significant interaction between the ceramic systems. Group SB-L had the highest mean values for each ceramic system. Sandblasting, followed by Er:YAG laser irradiation, enhanced the bond strength, indicating its potential use as an alternative method. The atomic force microscopic evaluation revealed that group SB had the most distinct sharp peaks among the groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey. drtevfikyavuz@gmail.com
authors.forename: Tevfik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.forename: Erhan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dilber
authors.forename: Haluk Baris
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.forename: Ali Riza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tuncdemir
authors.forename: A Nilgun
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Ozturk
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D020906:Air Abrasion, Dental; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003801:Dental Veneers; D006801:Humans; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008422:Materials Testing; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D033081:Shear Strength; D013499:Surface Properties; D019246:Tooth Preparation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; C075815:IPS-Empress ceramic; D017680:Potassium Compounds; C000613959:VM 9 feldspar ceramic; C493120:lithia disilicate; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C016447:feldspar