title: Analysis of breath by proton transfer reaction time of flight mass spectrometry in rats with steatohepatitis induced by high-fat diet.
abstract: Breath testing has been largely used as a diagnostic tool, but the difficulties in data interpretation and sample collection have limited its application. We developed a fast (< 20 s), on-line, non-invasive method for the collection and analysis of exhaled breath in awake rats based on proton transfer reaction time of flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) and applied it to investigate possible relationships between pathologies induced by dietary regime and breath composition. As a case study, we investigated rats with dietary induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and modifications induced by coffee addition to the diet. We considered two different diets (standard and high fat) complemented with two different drinking possibilities (water or decaffeinated coffee) for a total of four groups with four rats each. Several spectrometric peaks were reliable markers for both dietary fat content and coffee supplementation. The high resolution and accuracy of PTR-ToF-MS allowed the identification of related compounds such as methanol, dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl sulphone and ammonia. In conclusion, the rapid and minimally invasive breath analysis of awake rats permitted the identification of markers related to diet and specific pathologic conditions and provided a useful tool for broader metabolic investigations.
authors.affiliation: IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Food Quality and Nutrition Department, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010, S. Michele a/A, Italy. eugenio.aprea@iasma.it
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aprea
authors.forename: Filomena
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morisco
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Biasioli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vitaglione
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cappellin
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soukoulis
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lembo
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gasperi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Argenio
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fogliano
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caporaso
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D059305:Diet, High-Fat; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds