title: Locally delivered 0.5% clarithromycin, as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment in chronic periodontitis with well-controlled type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several epidemiologic studies have identified a greater incidence of periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Recent developments suggest that local delivery of antimicrobials into periodontal pockets improve periodontal health. The present study was designed to investigate the adjunctive effects of subgingivally delivered clarithromycin (CLM) (0.5% concentration) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing for treating chronic periodontitis in patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-three patients were categorized into two treatment groups: Group 1, scaling and root planing (SRP) plus 0.5% CLM; Group 2, SRP plus placebo gel. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 1, 2, and 3 months; which included gingival index (GI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), and periodontal attachment level (PAL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both therapies resulted in significant improvements. Using a subject-based analysis, patients in Group 1 treated with SRP + CLM showed enhanced reductions in PI, GI, SBI, and PD, and gains in PAL (P < 0.001) over a period of 6 months as compared to Group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although both treatment strategies seemed to benefit the patients, the adjunctive use of 0.5% CLM as a controlled drug delivery system enhanced the clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Pavan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bajaj
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pradeep
authors.forename: Esha
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Minal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.forename: Savitha B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Naik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000628:therapy; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016745:Root Planing / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017291:Clarithromycin