title: Blood alcohol levels for American Indian mothers and newborns.
abstract: Very little is known about the alcohol elimination rates of newborns who have had chronic alcohol exposure in utero. In these case reports, blood alcohol levels were taken immediately before delivery, at delivery, and postdelivery for 2 mothers who drank alcohol during their pregnancies and 3 single-birth newborns. Newborn A1 of Mother A had no physical characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). The initial blood alcohol level for this newborn was 38.4 mg/dL 129 minutes after birth, with a subsequent blood alcohol level of 5.5 mg/dL 304 minutes after delivery, resulting in an alcohol elimination rate of 11.3 mg/dL per hour. The blood alcohol level for Mother A was 87.4 mg/dL 66 minutes before delivery. Newborn A2 of mother A had FAS. Sixty minutes after delivery, the blood alcohol level for this newborn was 39.5 mg/dL, and the alcohol level of the mother was 42.1 mg/dL. Newborn B1 of mother B had FAS. At 67 minutes after birth, newborn B1 had a blood alcohol level of 246.5 mg/dL, which dropped to 178.7 mg/dL 302 minutes after birth, resulting in an alcohol elimination rate of 17.3 mg/dL per hour. This alcohol elimination rate is within the metabolism range (15-49 mg/dL per hour) of adults with alcoholism. The maternal blood alcohol level was 265.9 mg/dL 27 minutes before delivery. Blood alcohol levels drawn on both the mother and newborn at delivery and 2 or 3 hourly follow-up levels can provide evidence that fetal alcohol dehydrogenase activity is induced by chronic maternal alcohol use.
authors.affiliation: Aberdeen Area Indian Health Service, Aberdeen, South Dakota, USA. valborg.kvigne@gmail.com
authors.forename: Valborg L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Kvigne
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Randall
authors.forename: Edward G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Simanton
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brenneman
authors.forename: Thomas K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Welty
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology; D013023:South Dakota
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol