title: Further evidence that pediatric-onset bipolar disorder comorbid with ADHD represents a distinct subtype: results from a large controlled family study.
abstract: We used familial risk analysis to clarify the diagnostic comorbidity between pediatric BP-I disorder and ADHD, testing the hypothesis that pediatric-BP-I disorder comorbid with ADHD represents a distinct subtype. Structured diagnostic interviews were used to obtain DSM-IV psychiatric diagnoses on first-degree relatives (n = 726) of referred children and adolescents satisfying diagnostic criteria for BP-I disorder (n = 239). For comparison, diagnostic information on the first-degree relatives (N = 511) of non-bipolar ADHD children (N = 162) and the first degree relatives (N = 411) of control children (N = 136) with neither ADHD nor BP-I disorder were examined. BP-I disorder and ADHD in probands bred true irrespective of the comorbidity with the other disorder. We also found that the comorbid condition of BP-I disorder plus ADHD also bred true in families, and the two disorders co-segregated among relatives. This large familial risk analysis provides compelling evidence that pediatric BP-I disorder comorbid with ADHD represents a distinct familial subtype.
authors.affiliation: Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. jbiederman@partners.org
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Biederman
authors.forename: Stephen V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Faraone
authors.forename: Carter
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petty
authors.forename: Marykate
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martelon
authors.forename: K Yvonne
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Woodworth
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wozniak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010375:Pedigree; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins