title: Impact of a mixed chain length omega-3 fatty acid diet on production variables in commercial free-range laying hens.
abstract: 1. Previous studies found beneficial effects on the prevalence of keel fractures and bone health in laying hens receiving a short chain ω3 fatty acid diet. However, subsequent work using a mixed short and long chain ω3 diet (MCD) found little benefit to bone health and substantial production losses.   2. The current study examined commercial use of a mixed chain length ration in multiple farms and flocks and identified a detrimental effect on productivity including: mortality, number of poor quality eggs, hen daily average, feed consumption, and increased egg weight.   3. Production data were acquired from 11 flocks housed on 5 farms and modelled using MlwiN, a statistical package developed for analysis of hierarchical data. Production responses were individually modelled with duration of exposure to the diet, age of introduction, flock size and farm, included as prediction variables.   4. Analysis indicated birds receiving the MCD manifested dramatic increases in mortality, poor quality eggs, mean egg weight, feed consumption and decreased production in comparison to control flocks receiving a standard ration. Increased exposure time appeared to increase the magnitude of the diet effect.   5. Although no data were collected to explain the potential mechanisms of this diet, the authors discuss several possible scenarios including excessive long chain ω3 content overwhelming eicosanoid regulatory capacity and changes in behaviour patterns.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU UK. mj.toscano@bris.ac.uk
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Toscano
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Tarlton
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004531:Eggs / Q000592:standards*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3