title: Longer intervals between hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and subsequent 90Y-ibritumomab radioimmunotherapy may correlate with better tolerance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) in recurrent lymphoma after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 9 patients, 7 with follicular lymphoma (DLBCL), 1 with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and 1 with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan 6 to 140 months after HSCT. Patients underwent 111In-ibritumomab scintigraphy and were treated 1 week later with standard 14.8 MBq/kg (n = 4) or 11.1 MBq/kg (n = 4) 90Y-ibritumomab. One patient who had allo-HSCT had reduced activity (70%) treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 7 FL patients, we observed complete response (CR) in 2 patients and partial response (PR) in 5 patients. One patient with CR relapsed after 15 months; the other persisted 43.5 months after RIT. Of 5 patients with PR, 3 relapsed between 13 and 17 months; 1 persisted until unrelated death at 11.5 months. The fifth patient with PR received adoptive immunotherapy and improved to metabolic (FDG-PET) CR that persists 45.5 and 41 months after 90Y-ibritumomab and immunotherapy, respectively. Patients with MCL and DLBCL progressed or experienced stabilization (5 months), respectively. Six patients had grade 1 to 3 bone marrow (BM) toxicity and recovered within 3 months. Three patients having 90Y-ibritumomab 6, 14, and 24 months after HSCT experienced grade 4 BM toxicity. One of them (RIT 24 months after HSCT) recovered after 3 months, another delayed after 9 months, and the third patient only partially recovered, eventually developed myelodysplasia, and was allografted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radioimmunotherapy after HSCT is an effective rescue therapy in FL. However, BM toxicity may be important; 3 of 8 patients treated with standard 90Y-ibritumomab activity experienced grade 4 BM toxicity, with incomplete recovery 3 months after RIT in 2 patients, both treated early (6 and 14 months) after HSCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Franz.Buchegger@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Buchegger
authors.forename: John O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Prior
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Allenbach
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baechler
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kosinski
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Helg
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chalandon
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ratib
authors.forename: Angelika Bischof
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Delaloye
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ketterer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C422802:ibritumomab tiuxetan