title: Post-translational modifications in activation and inhibition of Oct-1-DNA binding complex in H2B and other diverse gene regulation: prediction of interplay sites.
abstract: Octamer DNA binding transcription factors play important roles in housekeeping and specific gene regulations. Octamer DNA binding transcription factor-1 (Oct-1), expressed ubiquitously, is a multifunctional molecule. The binding sites of Oct-1 are the promoters of H2B gene and the genes of snRNA, U2, U6, and 7SK, yet Oct-1 has been described as constitutively expressed transcription factor regulating the expression of housekeeping genes. Diverse tissue-specific genes regulations by Oct-1 include genes for interleukins (IL) 2, 3, 5; the granulocyte-macrophagal colony-stimulating factor, immunoglobulins α, β, Ly9; the endocrine-associated Pit-1 gene; the genes for gonadoliberin, prolactin, the thyroid transcription factor, and thyrotropin. The most interesting aspect of the gene regulations of Oct-1 includes both activation and inhibition of transcription. These opposite regulations of Oct-1 have been described through presence/absence of a post-translational modification (PTM) in its different domains. We propose a mechanism of interplay of different PTMs or presence/absence of PTMs in the different domains of Oct-1. We also suggest that the absence of phosphorylation and acetylation in G1 and S phases of the cell cycle is associated with interplay of methylation and O-GlcNAc modification. This interplay of O-GlcNAc modification with the phosphorylation and methylation with acetylation in POU sub-domain of Oct-1 may facilitate the formation of Oct-1-DNA complex, consequently activating H2B gene transcription. Whereas, in G2 and M phases these sites are occupied by phosphate resulting in inhibition of Oct-1-DNA complex formation leading to the suppression of H2B gene transcription.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. arshaksbs@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Abdul Rauf
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shakoori
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hoessli
authors.lastname: Nasir-ud-Din
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1