title: A clinical system for three-dimensional extended-field-of-view ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work is concerned with the creation of three-dimensional (3D) extended-field-of-view ultrasound from a set of volumes acquired using a mechanically swept 3D probe. 3D volumes of ultrasound data can be registered by attaching a position sensor to the probe; this can be an inconvenience in a clinical setting. A position sensor can also cause some misalignment due to patient movement and respiratory motion. We propose a combination of three-degrees-of-freedom image registration and an unobtrusively integrated inertial sensor for measuring orientation. The aim of this research is to produce a reliable and portable ultrasound system that is able to register 3D volumes quickly, making it suitable for clinical use.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of a feasibility study we recruited 28 pregnant females attending for routine obstetric scans to undergo 3D extended-field-of-view ultrasound. A total of 49 data sets were recorded. Each registered data set was assessed for correct alignment of each volume by two independent observers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 77-83% of the data sets more than four consecutive volumes registered. The successful registration relies on good overlap between volumes and is adversely affected by advancing gestational age and foetal movement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The development of reliable 3D extended-field-of-view ultrasound may help ultrasound practitioners to demonstrate the anatomical relation of pathology and provide a convenient way to store data.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK. ellen.dyer@addenbrookes.nhs.uk
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dyer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zeeshan Ijaz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Housden
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prager
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Treece
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult