title: RIP140 is associated with subclinical inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the expression level of RIP140 (receptor interaction protein 140) and its correlation with inflammatory cytokine production and free fatty acids (FFAs) in type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 24 diabetic and 30 healthy individuals. The levels of FFAs, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FIN, and FBG were measured. The insulin resistance index was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Additionally, PBMCs from control group were cultured alone or with 500 μmol/L palmitic acid (PA). Levels of RIP140 TNF-α, and IL-6 in PBMCs were analyzed using real-time RT-PCR, Western blots and ELISA. The relationship between RIP140 and other variables was performed using SPSS 11.5 software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TG, LDL-C, FIN, FBG, HOMA, and HDL-C were significantly different between diabetic patients and the control group. Levels of RIP140, TNF-α, and IL-6 were higher in the diabetic group compared to control. RIP140 expression was positively correlated with FFAs, HDL-c, TNF-α, IL-6, FIN, FBG, and HOMA. Finally, 500 μmol/L PA treatment increased RIP140 expression and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in cultured control PBMCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased RIP140 level may be closely associated with inflammation and disorder of lipid and glucose metabolism in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000078723:Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein 1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008055:Lipids; C000627127:NRIP1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000078723:Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein 1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005947:Glucose