title: Transoral en bloc resection of superficial laryngeal and pharyngeal cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive transoral en bloc resection of superficial pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one superficial lesions (from 35 patients) were resected transorally under a surgical microscope using a monopolar cautery. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using a questionnaire European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Head and Neck Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-H&N35) 1 year after the surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight hypopharyngeal, 5 oropharyngeal, and 8 laryngeal cancers were operated on using this method. The surgical field was widely exposed with a wide-caliber scope or extending laryngoscope. A bimanual procedure under a surgical microscope enabled us to achieve en bloc resection. The local control rate was 98%. No postoperative dyspnea or dysphagia was observed. Postoperative QOL scores were favorable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our transoral en bloc resection technique can be easily adopted, and it effectively maintained QOL after treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan. okami@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okami
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ebisumoto
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Ryousuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth; D057605:Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome