title: The impact of vitamin D on pregnancy: a systematic review.
abstract: Hypovitaminosis D is common in pregnancy. To systematically review the evidence on vitamin D-dependent pregnancy outcomes, PubMed and Embase were searched for randomized control trials, cohort and case-control studies. In randomized control trials (n = 7), larger doses of vitamin D resulted in higher 25-hydroxylated vitamin D (25OHD) levels (n = 6), increased maternal weight gain (n = 1), and fewer classical vitamin D deficiency symptoms (n = 1). In observational studies (n = 32), lower vitamin D intake, or low 25OHD-levels, were associated with adverse fertility parameters (n = 2), preeclampsia (n = 5), gestational diabetes or higher blood glucose (n = 6), bacterial vaginosis (n = 4), primary cesarean section (n = 1), none (n = 3) or a few days' (n = 2) shorter gestation, and postpartum depression (n = 1). Studies with few participants having low 25OHD did not identify an association to preeclampsia (n = 5) or gestational diabetes (n = 2). Increased odds of pregnancy-associated breast cancer with 25OHD >25.8 nmol/L were observed (n = 1). In conclusion, an effect of vitamin D on several pregnancy outcomes is suggested.
authors.affiliation: Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. henrik.christesen@ouh.regionsyddanmark.dk
authors.forename: Henrik T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Christesen
authors.forename: Tine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Falkenberg
authors.forename: Ronald F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Lamont
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002585:Cesarean Section; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000097:blood; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014807:Vitamin D