title: Cilia at the node of mouse embryos sense fluid flow for left-right determination via Pkd2.
abstract: Unidirectional fluid flow plays an essential role in the breaking of left-right (L-R) symmetry in mouse embryos, but it has remained unclear how the flow is sensed by the embryo. We report that the Ca(2+) channel Polycystin-2 (Pkd2) is required specifically in the perinodal crown cells for sensing the nodal flow. Examination of mutant forms of Pkd2 shows that the ciliary localization of Pkd2 is essential for correct L-R patterning. Whereas Kif3a mutant embryos, which lack all cilia, failed to respond to an artificial flow, restoration of primary cilia in crown cells rescued the response to the flow. Our results thus suggest that nodal flow is sensed in a manner dependent on Pkd2 by the cilia of crown cells located at the edge of the node.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Genetics Group, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamada-oka, Suita, 565-0871 Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshiba
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiratori
authors.forename: Ivana Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawasumi
authors.forename: Kyosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Shigenori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.forename: Genta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Jose Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Belo
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dworniczak
authors.forename: Barbara E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pennekamp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000502:physiology; D019521:Body Patterning; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002923:Cilia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016547:Kinesins / Q000235:genetics; D055458:Left-Right Determination Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009154:Mutation; D020897:Organizers, Embryonic / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D050396:TRPP Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016547:Kinesins; D055458:Left-Right Determination Factors; D050396:TRPP Cation Channels; C119003:Dte protein, mouse; C490202:Kif3a protein, mouse