title: Are polymorphisms of the β(3)-adrenoceptor gene associated with an altered bladder function?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As the presence of a Trp64Arg polymorphism of the gene encoding the β(3)-adrenoceptor (B3AR) has been linked to the presence of overactive bladder, we investigated whether additional polymorphisms are detectable in this gene and explore their relationships parameters related to lower urinary tract function.
  
  
  METHODS
  The coding region and adjacent stretches of the B3AR gene was sequenced in 91 patients. In total, 1015 patients from a single academic hospital were genotyped for the presence of two single nucleotide polymorphisms. Symptom scores and parameters from pressure-flow studies were analyzed relative to genotype in the B3AR gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No frequent novel polymorphisms were detected in the coding region. Five polymorphisms were found in the non-coding region of the gene but were in complete linkage with the 64Arg allele. Out of 32 parameters including bladder compliance, only prostate size was weakly (44 vs. 39 mL) but significantly associated with the 64Arg allele, but was not mirrored by an association with prostate-specific antigen levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data do not support the hypothesis that polymorphisms in the B3AR gene are associated with alterations of bladder function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Teitsma
authors.forename: Jean J M C H
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: de la Rosette
authors.forename: Martin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Michel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011312:Pressure; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: C568534:ADRB3 protein, human; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3