title: Characterization of lipids and lignans in brewer's spent grain and its enzymatically extracted fraction.
abstract: Brewer's spent grain (BSG), the major side stream of brewing, consists of the husks and the residual parts of malts after the mashing process. BSG was enzymatically fractionated by a two-step treatment with carbohydrate- and protein-degrading enzymes, which solubilized 66% of BSG. BSG contained 11% lipids, which were mostly triglycerides, but also a notable amount of free fatty acids was present. Lipids were mostly solubilized due to the alkaline pH applied in the protease treatment. The main fatty acids were linoleic, palmitic, and oleic acids. Several lignans were identified in BSG, syringaresinol and secoisolariciresinol being the most abundant, many associated with the cell wall matrix and released by the alkaline-protease treatment.
authors.affiliation: Bio and Process Technology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland. piritta.niemi@vtt.fi
authors.forename: Piritta
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niemi
authors.forename: Tarja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamminen
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smeds
authors.forename: Kaarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Viljanen
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohra-aho
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Holopainen-Mantila
authors.forename: Craig B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Faulds
authors.forename: Kaisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Poutanen
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buchert
mesh_terms: D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D017705:Lignans / Q000737:chemistry*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007220:Industrial Waste; D017705:Lignans; D008055:Lipids