title: Prevalence of neck pain and associated factors with personal characteristics, physical workloads and psychosocial among male rubber workers in FELDA settlement Malaysia.
abstract: Rubber tapping processes posed potential risk of various health problems among rubber workers. It ranges from simple musculoskeletal aches to more serious and complicated structural damage to bone, muscles, tendons and nerves of musculoskeletal system. These health problems might be linked directly to the arduous demands of farm labor.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of neck pain (NP) and musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) and its association with personal characteristics, physical workloads and psychosocial factors among rubber workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stratified random sampling method was adopted and a total of 419 rubber workers in FELDA's scheme Malaysia participated in this study. Data was collected through face to face interview using modified Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) and Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed the prevalence of NP was 59.9% and weak correlation with age (?= -0.184, p= 0.001) and a positive weak correlation with working hours per day (?= 0.099, p= 0.043) significantly. All physical workloads (neck flexion or rotation, awkward postures, repetitive motion and static postures) had significant weak to moderate positive correlation with NP (p&lt;0.05). Job insecurity was found to have weak and positive correlation with NP (p&lt;0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed risk factors for NP were decreased with age (OR= 3.92, 95% CI 1.61 - 9.58, p=0.003), increase in neck flexion or rotation (OR= 9.52, 95% CI 5.55 - 16.32, p= 0.001), awkward postures (OR=2.23, 95% CI 1.29 - 3.86, p= 0.004) and static postures (OR= 1.86, 95% CI 1.10 - 3.14, p= 0.021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that high prevalence of NP was associated with neck flexion or rotation, awkward and static postures.
authors.affiliation: Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. cherrylishan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Chow Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Mohd Yusoff
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Bin Adon
authors.forename: Anita Binti Abd
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Syed Tajuddin Syed
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Kamal Bin
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012408:Rubber; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016526:Workload
chemical_list: D012408:Rubber