title: Survival after left ventricular free wall rupture in an elderly woman with acute myocardial infarction treated only medically.
abstract: Pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle is rare and may occur as a result of transmural myocardial infarction. The course of rupture after acute myocardial infarction varies from a catastrophic event, with an acute tear leading to immediate death (acute rupture), or slow and incomplete tear leading to a late rupture (subacute rupture). Incomplete rupture may occur when the thrombus and haematoma together with the pericardium seal the rupture of the left ventricle and may develop into a pseudoaneurysm. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential in this condition. Two-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography is the first-choice method for most patients with suspected left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVP) and suggests left ventricular rupture in 85% to 90% of patients. We report the case of an 87-year-old woman presenting with symptoms and findings of myocardial infarction and left ventricular free wall rupture with a pseudoaneurysm formation diagnosed by echocardiography and confirmed on CT, MRI, and NM. She received only intense medical treatment, because she refused surgery with a favorable outcome. After 24-month followup, she is in NYHA functional class II. The survival of this patient is due to the contained pseudoaneurysm by dense pericardial adhesions, related to her previous coronary bypass surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Cardiology, The American British Cowdray Medical Center IAP, Campus Observatorio, Sur 136 No. 116, Colonia Las Americas, Delegación Alvaro Obregón, 01120 Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Víctor Hugo
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Roa-Castro
authors.forename: Ervin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molina-Bello
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Valenzuela-Suárez
authors.forename: Tobías
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rotberg-Jagode
authors.forename: Nilda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Espinola-Zavaleta