title: Effects of porcine pancreatic enzymes on the pancreas of hamsters. Part 2: carcinogenesis studies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our previous study suggested that porcine pancreatic extract in hamsters with peripheral insulin resistance, normalizes insulin output, islet size and pancreatic DNA synthetic rate. It also inhibited the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in nude mice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the potential value of the porcine pancreatic extract in controlling pancreatic carcinogenesis in this model, the present experiment was performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hamsters were fed a high fat diet and four weeks later when insulin resistance emerges, they were divided into two groups. One group received 1 g/kg BW of porcine pancreatic extract in drinking water and the other group received tap water. One week later, when insulin output normalizes in porcine pancreatic extract-treated hamsters, a single subcutaneous injection of N-nitrosobis-(2-oxopropyl) amine (BOP) at a dose of 40 mg/kg BW was given to all hamsters. The experiment was terminated at 43 weeks after the porcine pancreatic extract treatment. The number and size of pancreatic tumors, blood glucose, insulin, amylase and lipase levels, the average size of islets and the number of insulin cells/islets were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of pancreatic cancer was significantly lower in the porcine pancreatic extract group (P=0.043), as well as the plasma insulin level and the size of the islets in the porcine pancreatic extract group were significantly lower (P&lt;0.001) than in the control group. No significantly differences were found in the glucose level between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that porcine pancreatic extract has a potential to inhibit pancreatic cancer growth.
authors.affiliation: Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA.
authors.forename: Fumiaki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yalniz
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saruc
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Standop
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Egami
authors.forename: Parviz M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Pour
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006224:Cricetinae; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010194:Pancreatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D010194:Pancreatin; D008049:Lipase; D000681:Amylases