title: Effectiveness of continuous passive motion in an inpatient rehabilitation hospital after total knee replacement: a matched cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the use of continuous passive motion (CPM) as an adjunct to physical therapy after total knee replacement in patients who were transferred to an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) and to compare the effectiveness of CPM on active range of motion (AROM), functional tasks, destination after discharge, the need for home care services, and the ambulation device at discharge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Matched cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  IRF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients admitted to a rehabilitation setting after total knee replacement surgery with an initial AROM for knee flexion of less than 75° at admission to the IRF. From this initial population, a matched sample of 61 patient pairs was included in the analysis (61 who used the CPM and 61 who did not receive the adjunct therapy).
  
  
  METHODS
  Use of CPM for 2 hours per day as an adjunct to the 3 hours of physical and occupational therapy customary in an IRF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary outcomes were discharge active knee flexion ROM and flexion gain. Secondary outcomes were motor, cognitive, and total Functional Independence Measure scores; discharge ambulation device; destination after discharge; and the need for home care services after the inpatient stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The outcome variables of 61 matched pairs of CPM users and non-CPM users were reported. No statistically significant differences were found in any of the outcome variables that were compared in this matched case design, including AROM knee, flexion gain, discharge to the community, need for home care services after discharge, and discharge with cane/no device. No significant difference was found in all functional scores as measured by the Functional Independence Measure scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For this population, we determined at one facility that less than 30% are provided with a CPM as an adjunct to physical therapy. Using a matched cohort design, we compared CPM use with non-CPM use and determined that the application of CPM may not significantly influence ROM gain.
authors.affiliation: Outcomes Research, Burke Rehabilitation Hospital, 785 Mamaroneck Ave, White Plains, NY 10605, USA. jherbold@burke.org
authors.forename: Janet Anne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Herbold
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bonistall
authors.forename: Marielle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blackburn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D015915:Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive; D009788:Occupational Therapy; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010351:Patient Discharge; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012189:Retrospective Studies