title: Methylglyoxal, obesity, and diabetes.
abstract: Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive compound derived mainly from glucose and fructose metabolism. This metabolite has been implicated in diabetic complications as it is a strong AGE precursor. Furthermore, recent studies suggested a role for MG in insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Although several drugs have been developed in the recent years to scavenge MG and inhibit AGE formation, we are still far from having an effective strategy to prevent MG-induced mechanisms. This review summarizes the mechanisms of MG formation, detoxification, and action. Furthermore, we review the current knowledge about its implication on the pathophysiology and complications of obesity and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Research on Light and Image (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. paulomatafome@gmail.com
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matafome
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sena
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seiça
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D011765:Pyruvaldehyde