title: HIV-1 replication in HIV-infected individuals is significantly reduced when peripheral blood mononuclear cells are superinfected with HSV-1.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) can cause generalized infection in human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected patients leading to death. This study investigated HSV-1 replication in PBMCs from 25 HIV-infected individuals and 15 healthy donors and the effects of HSV-1 superinfection on HIV-1 production. Herpes viral entry mediator (HVEM) receptor on T lymphocytes was also evaluated. Our results confirmed that the number of activated (CD3+ and CD38+) T lymphocytes in HIV-infected individuals (46.51 ± 17.54%) was significantly higher than in healthy donors (27.54 ± 14.12%, P value = 0.001) without any significant differences in HVEM expression. Even though the percentages of HSV-1 infected T lymphocytes between HIV-infected individuals (79.25 ± 14.63%) and healthy donors (80.76 ± 7.13%) were not different (P value = 0.922), yet HSV-1 production in HIV-infected individuals (47.34 ± 11.14 × 10³ PFU/ml) was significantly greater than that of healthy donors (34.17 ± 8.48 × 10³ PFU/ml, P value = 0.001). Moreover, HSV-1 virions were released extracellularly rather than being associated with the cells, and superinfection of HSV-1 at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5 significantly decreased HIV production (P value < 0.001).
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Program of Medical Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
authors.forename: Taneth
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamsuwan
authors.forename: Chintana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chirathaworn
authors.forename: Pokrath
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hansasuta
authors.forename: Parvapan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhattarakosol
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D060085:Coinfection / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D053240:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14 / Q000032:analysis; D015163:Superinfection / Q000821:virology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D014709:Vero Cells; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D053240:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14; C506028:TNFRSF14 protein, human