title: Anti-TNF alpha therapy in the management of extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are immune-mediated disorders of unknown etiology that primarily affect the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, other organ systems can be involved such as joint/bones, skin, eyes, hepatobiliary tract, lungs and kidney. Overall, they represent extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease and may present before, in conjunction or after the onset of bowel disease. Extraintestinal manifestations are observed in 20-40% of patients and frequently have a negative impact on quality of patients' life. Some extraintestinal manifestations such as arthritis, erytema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, iritis, uveitis have a pathogenic tumor necrosis factor alpha-dependent mechanism common with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Early recognition and treatment of extraintestinal manifestations can minimize potential severe complications. In this review we provide an overview on the prevalence and clinical aspects of the more commonly reported extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors in their treatment.
authors.affiliation: Complesso Integrato Columbus, School of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andrisani
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guidi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Armuzzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha