title: Do helmets worn for hurling fail to protect the ear? Identification of an emerging injury pattern.
abstract: Hurling is an Irish national game of stick and ball known for its ferocity, played by 190 000 players. Facial injuries were common but have been significantly reduced by legislation enforcing compulsory helmet wearing. Current standard helmets worn by hurlers do not offer protection to the external ear. Here we describe an emerging pattern of ear injuries and demonstrate the risk of external ear injuries in hurlers complying with current helmet safety standards. A 6-month retrospective analysis was carried out of patients attending Cork University Hospital (CUH) with ear lacerations sustained while hurling. Patient notes were reviewed and helmet manufacturers were interviewed. Seven patients were identified, all of whom sustained complex through ear lacerations while wearing helmets complying with current safety standards. Current helmet design fails to protect the external ear placing it at an increased risk of injury, a potential solution is to include ear protection in the helmet design.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland. jmartins@tcd.ie
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Martin-Smith
authors.forename: Jeffery C Y
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Kieran T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Power
authors.forename: Paddy J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Crowley
authors.forename: Anthony James P
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Clover
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004431:Ear, External / Q000293:injuries*; D006260:Head Protective Devices / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D022125:Lacerations / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019876:Sports Equipment / Q000592:standards*; D014142:Track and Field / Q000293:injuries*; D055815:Young Adult