title: Transparent, conducting Nb:SnO2 for host-guest photoelectrochemistry.
abstract: Many candidate materials for photoelectrochemical water splitting will be better employed by decoupling optical absorption from carrier transport. A promising strategy is to use multiple thin absorber layers supported on transparent, conducting materials; however there are limited such materials that are both pH stable and depositable on arbitrary high surface area substrates. Here we present the first 3D porous niobium doped tin oxide (NTO) electrodes fabricated by atomic layer deposition. After high temperature crystallization the NTO is transparent, conductive, and stable over a wide range of pH. The optimized films have high electrical conductivity up to 37 S/cm concomitant with a low optical attenuation coefficient of 0.99 μm(-1) at 550 nm. NTO was deposited onto high surface area templates that were subsequently coated with hematite Fe(2)O(3) for the photoelectrochemical water splitting. This approach enabled near-record water splitting photocurrents for hematite electrodes employing a host-guest strategy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. morgan.stefik@epfl.ch
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefik
authors.forename: Maurin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cornuz
authors.forename: Nripan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisatomi
authors.forename: Subodh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mhaisalkar
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grätzel