title: Isolation and characterization of five glycerol esters from Wuhan propolis and their potential anti-inflammatory properties.
abstract: Five new glycerol esters including 2-acetyl-1-coumaroyl-3-cinnamoylglycerol (13), (+)-2-acetyl-1-feruloyl-3-cinnamoylglycerol (14), (-)-2-acetyl-1-feruloyl-3-cinnamoylglycerol (15), 2-acetyl-1,3-dicinnamoylglycerol (16), and (-)-2-acetyl-1-(E)-feruloyl-3-(3″(ζ),16″)-dihydroxy-palmitoylglycerol (17) were isolated from methanolic extract of Wuhan propolis. The chemical structures of the five new compounds were confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR and HR-MS spectra. Twelve minor constituents in the Wuhan propolis extract were tentatively identified by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS, according to their characteristic UV spectrum, retention times, and accurate MS data. The anti-inflammatory activities of the five new compounds were studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells. All five compounds exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects on interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA expressions at 10 and 100 μM, suggesting that Wuhan propolis may serve as a potential anti-inflammatory functional food ingredient or nutraceutical.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, Key Lab of Urban Agriculture (South), School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
authors.forename: Haiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Haisha
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Haiqiu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Liangli
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002681:China; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004952:Esters / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005990:Glycerol / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D011429:Propolis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004952:Esters; D011429:Propolis; D005990:Glycerol