title: Production of Curcuminoids in different in vitro organs of Curcuma longa.
abstract: Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) is one of the most important spice and safe food additives. Its main constituents, curcuminoids, showed anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antioxidant effects. In the present work, an in vitro propagation method was developed to achieve selected plant organs with quantified curcuminoid content. In vitro plants were obtained from sprouting buds as primary explants. The major curcuminoid constituents, such as curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DEM), and bis-demethoxycurcumin (bis-DEM) were examined in different organs by LC-DAD-ESI-MS. A significant production of curcumin (more than 260 microg g(-1) fresh weight) was obtained from in vitro microrhizomes, especially grown in a Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with kinetin (0.1 mg L((-1)), alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 1 mg L(-1)), sucrose (6%), agar (5%) and activated charcoal (0.1%). The analyzed microrhizomes showed reduced amounts of DEM and bis-DEM in comparison with CUR levels. In addition a shoot culture line was suitable to biosynthesize curcuminoids, in a ratio very similar to that identified in the fresh rhizomes of parent plants. This study represents the first direct quantification of curcuminoids in turmeric in vitro shoots and microrhizomes to be used in dietary supplements.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, via Mariscoglio 34, 56124 Pisa, Italy. lpistelli@biologia.unipi.it
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pistelli
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertoli
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gelli
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bedini
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ruffoni
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pistelli
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D030024:Curcuma / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants