title: Cardiac differentiation and electrophysiology characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the progress of cardiac differentiation and electrophysiological characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The databases of PubMed, Springer Link, Science Direct and CNKI were retrieved for papers published from January 2000 to January 2012 with the key words of "bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, cardiac or heart, electrophysiology or electrophysiological characteristics".
  
  
  METHODS
  The articles concerned cardiac differentiation and electrophysiological characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were collected. After excluding papers that study purposes are not coincident with this review or contents duplicated, 56 papers were internalized at last.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the treatment of myocardial infarction and myocardiac disease, the therapeutic effects of transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells which have the ability to develop into functional myocardial cells by lots of methods have been proved by many researches. But the arrhythmogenic effect on ventricles after transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells derived myocardial cells is still controversial in animal models. Certainly, the low differentiation efficiency and heterogeneous development of electrical function could be the most important risk for proarrhythmia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many studies of cardiac differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have paid attention to improve the cardiac differentiation rate, and the electrophysiology characteristics of the differentiated cells should be concerned for the risk for proarrhythmia as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Bo-wu
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: An-lin
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhao-lei
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Da
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shi-yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ai
mesh_terms: D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000628:therapy; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*