title: Trends in blood pressure and hypertension detection, treatment, and control 1980 to 2009: the Minnesota Heart Survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypertension is common and treatable, but detection and control remain a major health challenge. This study sought to determine population trends in blood pressure and in the control of hypertension in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area (2010 population, 2.85 million) from 1980 to 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surveys of risk factors were performed every 5 years among randomly selected adults aged 25 to 74 years. Data on hypertension knowledge and use of medications were collected by interview. Blood pressure was measured by standardized methods, with hypertension defined as blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg systolic and/or 90 mm Hg diastolic or controlled at <140 and/or 90 mm Hg with medications. Six surveys included 11 192 men and 12 795 women. Mean systolic blood pressure fell from 124.9 mm Hg in 1980 to 1982 to 121.1 mm Hg in 2007 to 2009 for men (P<0.0001) and from 120.1 to 114.7 mm Hg for women (P<0.0001). Similar trends for diastolic blood pressure were observed. The percentage of adults with uncontrolled blood pressure (≥140 and/or 90 mm Hg) with or without medication use fell from 20.3% to 5.8% (P<0.001) for men and from 13.1% to 2.7% (P<0.0001) for women. Antihypertensive medication use rose to >50% among all adults aged 55 to 74 years. Sixty-six percent of men and 72% of women with hypertension had their hypertension treated or controlled by 2007 to 2009. A majority of the decline in mean population blood pressure was the result of control with aggressive use of antihypertensive drugs. Stroke mortality in this population fell in parallel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of hypertension detection and control in this community is among the highest observed in a US population and already exceeds Healthy People 2020 goals.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA. luepker@epi.umn.edu
authors.forename: Russell V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Luepker
authors.forename: Lyn M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Steffen
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blackburn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D040361:Healthy People Programs; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents