title: Multi-center study regarding the risk factors for bleeding in gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In spite of several case reports about gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) complicated with hemorrhage, study regarding the risk factors of bleeding in this tumor is scanty. Therefore, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of bled GISTs and tried to find risk factors of bleeding by comparing with non-bled cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of 49 bled GIST cases from 5 university hospitals in Korea between year 2001 to 2010 were compared with 96 non-bled cases. Whole pathological slides were reviewed by an experienced pathologist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Female predominance (58.6%) was noted and the mean age of the included patients was 58.4±13.1 years. In univariate analysis, location of jejunum, prolonged prothrombin time, presence of surface dimpling in CT, cellular pleomorphism and positivity of S100 was significantly dominant in the bled cases. Multivariate analysis showed significant differences in the location of jejunum (p=0.004, OR=3.533), prolonged prothrombin time (p=0003, OR=19.643), presence of surface dimpling (p=0.026, OR=6.250) in CT, and positivity of S100 (p=0.001, OR=12.941).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Location of jejunum, prolonged prothrombin time, presence of surface dimpling in CT, and positivity of S100 are independent risk factors associated with bleeding in GI GIST patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyu Chan
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Ilseon
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jung Hyeok
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Joong Goo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Gwang Ha
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Eun Soo
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang Bum
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000032:analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D009418:S100 Proteins; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit