title: Dual drug delivery system for targeting H. pylori in the stomach: preparation and in vitro characterization of amoxicillin-loaded Carbopol® nanospheres.
abstract: METHODS
  A dual (immediate/sustained-release) oral amoxicillin suspension was developed as a new dosage form to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Carbopol®-loaded amoxicillin nanospheres could bind with the mucosa after delivery to the stomach and could increase the efficiency of the drug, providing both an immediate and a sustained action.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The objective of this research was to develop amoxicillin nanospheres using a spray-drying technique and to investigate such features as their particle size, drug content, percentage yield, surface morphology, in vitro release, and stability. The nanospheres had a particle size range of 280-320 nm after optimizing the preparation method using a central composite design. The drug content and percentage yield was 85.3% ± 0.7% and 92.8% ± 0.9%, respectively. The in vitro release profile of the amoxicillin nanospheres was consistent with a Korsmeyer-Peppas pattern, and the release after one hour was 19%, while for the original drug, amoxicillin, under the same conditions, 90% was released in the first 30 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The nanospheres used in this study enabled controlled release of amoxicillin over an extended period of time for up to 12 hours and the formulation was stable for 12 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Asha, Saudi Arabia. harsha1975@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sree
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harsha
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D004058:Diffusion; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005756:Gastritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D054118:Nanospheres / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004338:Drug Combinations; D053769:Nanocapsules; D011145:Polyvinyls; D013535:Suspensions; C006912:carboxypolymethylene; D000658:Amoxicillin