title: [Treatment of infertility--part II (male infertility)].
abstract: The main cause for male infertility is oligo-azoospermia. Correct etiological diagnosis of azoospermia is important. If sperm analysis is abnormal, an endocrinological evaluation should be performed. The causes for azoospermia can be divided into obstructive and non-obstructive causes; the differential diagnosis is based on the levels of serum gonadotropins and testosterone. A frequent cause for azoospermia is the use of testosterone or anabolic steroids. However, spermatogenesis generally recovers spontaneously after discontinuing the medication. For other cases of oligo/azoospermia, the most commonly used treatment modalities or antiestrogens, and testicular sperm aspiration or microscopic testicular sperm extraction in association with intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
authors.affiliation: OYS, naistentautien ja synnytysklinikka.
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morin-Papunen
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koivunen
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D013739:Testosterone