title: Recurrent plastic bronchitis in a child with 2009 influenza A (H1N1) and influenza B virus infection.
abstract: Plastic bronchitis is an uncommon disorder characterized by the formation of bronchial casts. It is associated with congenital heart disease or pulmonary disease. In children with underlying conditions such as allergy or asthma, influenza can cause severe plastic bronchitis resulting in respiratory failure. A review of the literature showed nine cases of plastic bronchitis with H1N1 including this case. We report a case of a child with recurrent plastic bronchitis with eosinophilic cast associated with influenza B infection, who had recovered from plastic bronchitis associated with an influenza A (H1N1) virus infection 5 months previously. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of recurrent plastic bronchitis related to influenza viral infection. If patients with influenza virus infection manifest acute respiratory distress with total lung atelectasis, clinicians should consider plastic bronchitis and early bronchoscopy should be intervened. In addition, management for underlying disease may prevent from recurrence of plastic bronchitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hwa Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Dong Kyun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yoo Duk
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Eun Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Young Kuk
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jae Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002648:Child; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000473:pathology; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D053139:Oseltamivir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001261:Pulmonary Atelectasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D059246:Tachypnea / Q000209:etiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D053139:Oseltamivir