title: Ethical issues and challenges in pressure ulcer research - the research nurses' perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper explores the issues faced by research nurses in pressure ulcer research through reflection on our own practice and subsequently addresses these issues through critical appraisal of the existing literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A critical reflection framework which provided an opportunity for group reflection and reflexivity was adopted to guide our reflection. Focus questions were formulated based on our reflections and used to inform our literature review. Keywords used in the literature review search included 'research nurse', ethical principles, ethical issues and reflection. A formal tool was used to appraise normative ethics articles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reflection on our practice in pressure ulcer research identified four main issues: informed consent, confidentiality, methodological uncertainties and more generally the ethical dilemma of the conflict between our accountability and responsibility to the patients and obligations to the research studies. The notion of 'power relations' was found to permeate our practice as research nurses at all level. Six normative ethics papers were retrieved and critically appraised to aid our personal and professional learning and development in the conduct of ethical practice as research nurses in pressure ulcer research through the theory of practice which other research nurses and/or nurse researchers used in other disciplines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four main ethical challenges and the issue of power relation were highlighted. Our reflection and the appraisal of the literature provided us the necessary knowledge and skills to better navigate these ethical challenges in the future.
authors.affiliation: Tissue Viability Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK. jimmy.choo@leedsth.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blundell
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McGinnis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D032984:Ethics, Research; D006801:Humans; D015399:Nursing Research; D003668:Pressure Ulcer