title: Cross-sectional anatomy of the ilium: implications for acetabular component placement in total hip arthroplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High hip center reconstructions, used in revision and complex primary THAs, rely on pelvic bone stock at least 35 mm above the anatomic teardrop. However, the technique does not restore normal hip biomechanics and controversy exists regarding acetabular implant survival. Previous reports document a wide range of implant positioning above the teardrop. There is no anatomic guidance in the literature regarding the amount of bone stock available for initial implant stability in this area of the ilium.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We therefore determined the thickness of the human ilium and related it to acetabulum cup coverage in high hip center reconstructions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We sectioned 16 cadaveric hips from the anterior superior iliac spine to the anatomic teardrop in 5-mm increments, then measured the thickness of the ilium for each cross section.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum thickness of 42 ± 9 mm occurred at the dome of the acetabulum 35 ± 3 mm above the teardrop. At a distance of 1 cm above the dome, the ilium was reduced by 24%, to 32 ± 6 mm. At 2 cm above the dome, the ilium thickness was 22 ± 4 mm, a 48% reduction from its maximum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are substantial anatomic limitations to high hip reconstructions 2 cm above the acetabular dome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 3449 Wilkens Ave, Suite 107, Baltimore, MD 21229, USA. johnantoniades@yahoo.com
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Antoniades
authors.forename: Vincent D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery*; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011474:Prosthesis Design