title: Extensive diversification of IgD-, IgY-, and truncated IgY(δFc)-encoding genes in the red-eared turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans).
abstract: IgY(ΔFc), containing only CH1 and CH2 domains, is expressed in the serum of some birds and reptiles, such as ducks and turtles. The duck IgY(ΔFc) is produced by the same υ gene that expresses the intact IgY form (CH1-4) using different transcriptional termination sites. In this study, we show that intact IgY and IgY(ΔFc) are encoded by distinct genes in the red-eared turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans). At least eight IgY and five IgY(ΔFc) transcripts were found in a single turtle. Together with Southern blotting, our data suggest that multiple genes encoding both IgY forms are present in the turtle genome. Both of the IgY forms were detected in the serum using rabbit polyclonal Abs. In addition, we show that multiple copies of the turtle δ gene are present in the genome and that alternative splicing is extensively involved in the generation of both the secretory and membrane-bound forms of the IgD H chain transcripts. Although a single μ gene was identified, the α gene was not identified in this species.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Lingxiao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhiguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaoxiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Qingyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hammarström
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yaofeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007072:Immunoglobulin D / Q000235:genetics*; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / Q000235:genetics*; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics; D007138:Immunoglobulin delta-Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011817:Rabbits; D014426:Turtles / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C016512:IgY; D007072:Immunoglobulin D; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D007138:Immunoglobulin delta-Chains; D007136:Immunoglobulins