title: [Carcinoid heart - case report].
abstract: We describe the case of a 76-year-old woman, diagnosed with a neuroendocrine tumor of the cecum in 2004, with liver metastases and carcinoid syndrome since September 2010. The patient had been treated intermittently with chemotherapy cycles, and remained symptomatic, with worsening secondary lesions. In June 2011 she began to present signs and symptoms of right heart failure and was hospitalized in September 2011. Transthoracic two- and three-dimensional echocardiography revealed enlarged right atrium and ventricle and thickened and fixed tricuspid and pulmonary valve leaflets, causing severe tricuspid regurgitation and mild pulmonary regurgitation and stenosis, suggestive of carcinoid heart disease. The authors discuss the clinical importance of transthoracic echocardiography, and the more recent three-dimensional echocardiography, as the diagnostic exam of choice in these cases, as it is especially suitable for assessing the valves and subvalvular apparatus.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital do Espírito Santo, EPE, Évora, Portugal. anarita_asantos@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ana Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cotrim
authors.forename: Ana Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fazendas
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Inês
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Hélder
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002275:Carcinoid Heart Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans