title: δ ENaC: a novel divergent amiloride-inhibitable sodium channel.
abstract: The fourth subunit of the epithelial sodium channel, termed delta subunit (δ ENaC), was cloned in human and monkey. Increasing evidence shows that this unique subunit and its splice variants exhibit biophysical and pharmacological properties that are divergent from those of α ENaC channels. The widespread distribution of epithelial sodium channels in both epithelial and nonepithelial tissues implies a range of physiological functions. The altered expression of SCNN1D is associated with numerous pathological conditions. Genetic studies link SCNN1D deficiency with rare genetic diseases with developmental and functional disorders in the brain, heart, and respiratory systems. Here, we review the progress of research on δ ENaC in genomics, biophysics, proteomics, physiology, pharmacology, and clinical medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas, USA. james.ji@uthct.edu
authors.forename: Hong-Long
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Run-Zhen
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zai-Xing
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sreerama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Idell
authors.forename: Sadis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matalon
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D062686:Epithelial Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000882:Haplorhini; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051381:Rats; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D062686:Epithelial Sodium Channel Blockers; D053503:Epithelial Sodium Channels; D000584:Amiloride; D012964:Sodium