title: Effects of propofol and dizocilpine maleate on the cognitive abilities and the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein of rats after the electroconvulsive therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effects of propofol and dizocilpine maleate (MK-801) on the cognitive abilities the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein of rats after the electroconvulsive therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two intervention factors including electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT) (two levels: not applied and one treatment course) and drug intervention (three levels: intravenous saline,intravenous MK-801, and intravenous propofol). The morris water maze test started within 1 day after ECT to evaluate the learning-memory. The glutamate level in the hippocampus of rats was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The Tau protein that includes Tau5 (total Tau protein), PHF-1 (pSer(396/404)), AT8 (pSer(199/202)), and 12E8 (pSer(262)) in the hippocampus of rats was determined using Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Propofol, MK-801, and ECT could induce the impairment of learning-memory in depressed rats. The electroconvulsive shock significantly up-regulated the glutamate level, which was reduces by the propofol. The ECT up-regulated the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in the hippocampus of depressed rats, which was reduced by propofol and MK-801.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both propofol and MK-801 could protect against the impairment of learning-memory and reduce the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein induced by ECT in depressed rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003863:Depression / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016875:tau Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D015742:Propofol