title: Protein kinase C regulates late cell cycle-dependent gene expression.
abstract: The control of the cell cycle in eukaryotes is exerted in part by the coordinated action of a series of transcription factor complexes. This is exemplified by the Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which controls the cyclical expression of the CLB2 cluster of genes at the G(2)/M phase transition. The activity of this complex is positively controlled by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and polo kinases. Here, we demonstrate that the protein kinase Pkc1p works in the opposite manner to inhibit the activity of the Mcm1p-Fkh2p-Ndd1p complex and the expression of its target genes. In particular, Pkc1p causes phosphorylation of the coactivator protein Ndd1p. Reductions in Pkc1p activity and the presence of Pkc1p-insensitive Ndd1p mutant proteins lead to changes in the timing of CLB2 cluster expression and result in associated late cell cycle defects. This study therefore identifies an important role for Pkc1p in controlling the correct temporal expression of genes in the cell cycle.
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Zoulfia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Darieva
authors.forename: Namshik
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Warwood
authors.forename: Kathryn S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Doris
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Sharrocks
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D026341:Minichromosome Maintenance 1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C093749:CLB2 protein, S cerevisiae; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019926:Cyclin B; C464958:Fkh2 protein, S cerevisiae; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D007527:Isoenzymes; C498030:MCM1 protein, S cerevisiae; D026341:Minichromosome Maintenance 1 Protein; C118820:NDD1 protein, S cerevisiae; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C490702:PKC1 protein, S cerevisiae; D011493:Protein Kinase C