title: Efficacy of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, on body weight, eating behavior, and glycemic control, in Japanese obese type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We recently reported that short-term treatment with liraglutide (20.0 ± 6.4 days) reduced body weight and improved some scales of eating behavior in Japanese type 2 diabetes inpatients. However, it remained uncertain whether such liraglutide-induced improvement is maintained after discharge from the hospital. The aim of the present study was to determine the long-term effects of liraglutide on body weight, glycemic control, and eating behavior in Japanese obese type 2 diabetics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with obesity (body mass index (BMI) >25 kg/m(2)) and type 2 diabetes were hospitalized at Osaka University Hospital between November 2010 and December 2011. BMI and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were examined on admission, at discharge and at 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge. For the liraglutide group (BMI; 31.3 ± 5.3 kg/m(2), n = 29), patients were introduced to liraglutide after correction of hyperglycemic by insulin or oral glucose-lowering drugs and maintained on liraglutide after discharge. Eating behavior was assessed in patients treated with liraglutide using The Guideline For Obesity questionnaire issued by the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity, at admission, discharge, 3 and 6 months after discharge. For the insulin group (BMI; 29.1 ± 3.0 kg/m(2), n = 28), each patient was treated with insulin during hospitalization and glycemic control maintained by insulin after discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Liraglutide induced significant and persistent weight loss from admission up to 6 months after discharge, while no change in body weight after discharge was noted in the insulin group. Liraglutide produced significant improvements in all major scores of eating behavior questionnaire items and such effect was maintained at 6 months after discharge. Weight loss correlated significantly with the decrease in scores for recognition of weight and constitution, sense of hunger, and eating style.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liraglutide produced meaningful long-term weight loss and significantly improved eating behavior in obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2-B5, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujishima
authors.forename: Norikazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashine
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Ayumu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kozawa
authors.forename: Tetsuyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okita
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imagawa
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funahashi
authors.forename: Iichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000069450:Liraglutide; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human