title: Inhibition of TNF-α by cyclophosphamide reduces myocardial injury after ischemia-reperfusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether cyclophosphamide (CP) can decrease myocardial and systemic TNF-α expression and thus protects myocardial I/R injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open chest rats were subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 3h, 12h or 24h of reperfusion. Rats were divided into sham group, I/R group and CP group, and each group included 3 timepoint subgroups (3h, 12h and 24h). Plasma TNF-α was measured by cytometric bead array (CBA) and immunohistochemistry was used to detect TNF-α in myocardium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with I/R group, rats treated with CP showed a significant difference with decreased plasma TNF-α (13.31 ± 2.62 vs 14.13 ± 5.95 pg/mL at 3 h reperfusion, 10.1 ± 2.73 vs 12.54 ± 5.00 pg/mL at 12 h reperfusion, 10.38 ± 5.59 vs 13.00 ± 3.59 pg/mL at 24 h reperfusion, p <0.05 respectively). Immunostaining was less intense with CP injection at each reperfusion time. The score of the intensity of myocardial TNF-α staining was down regulated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-α is expressed in the myocardium and plasma after myocardial I/R injury. CP might be a feasible strategy for anti-TNF-α to protect myocardial I/R injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jianmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Fuxu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qiqi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuangang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhidong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003520:Cyclophosphamide