title: Effect of cognitive processing therapy and holographic reprocessing on reduction of posttraumatic cognitions in students exposed to trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This research was conducted to examine the effect of cognitive processing therapy and holographic reprocessing on the reduction of posttraumatic cognitions in students exposed to trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an experimental study with spread pretest-posttest randomized groups design. Statistical society of this research consisted of male freshman, junior and senior high school students of Uremia (N=10286). Utilizing Traumatic Events Screening Inventory, and SCL-90 R on 1000 randomly selected high school students, 129 students were recognized as having experienced traumatic events. Of the subjects, 60 were selected randomly. Then, clinical interview was conducted, and the selected sample was randomly assigned in to three groups of cognitive processing therapy, holographic reprocessing and control. These groups responded to Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory in pretest and post test. Differences of pre-post test scores were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Scheffe test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results demonstrated significant differences between the three groups in total score of the Posttraumatic Cognition Inventory. Difference was also observed in negative cognitions on self and self-blame dimensions. Furthermore, these two therapeutic methods were equally effective in the reduction of posttraumatic cognitions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that cognitive processing therapy and holographic reprocessing which had been originally developed and tested for sexually assaulted females, can also be applied for the victims of other traumatic events, particularly adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Mohaghegh Ardebili University, Ardebil, Iran.
authors.forename: Sajjad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basharpoor
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Narimani
authors.forename: Hossien
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gamari-Give
authors.forename: Abas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abolgasemi
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Molavi