title: Cerium dioxide nanoparticles can interfere with the associated cellular mechanistic response to diesel exhaust exposure.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the biological response of a sophisticated in vitro 3D co-culture model of the epithelial airway barrier to a co-exposure of CeO(2) NPs and diesel exhaust using a realistic air-liquid exposure system. Independent of the individual effects of either diesel exhaust or CeO(2) NPs investigation observed that a combined exposure of CeO(2) NPs and diesel exhaust did not cause a significant cytotoxic effect or alter cellular morphology after exposure to diesel exhaust for 2h at 20μg/ml (low dose) or for 6h at 60μg/ml (high dose), and a subsequent 6h exposure to an aerosolized solution of CeO(2) NPs at the same doses. A significant loss in the reduced intracellular glutathione level was recorded, although a significant increase in the oxidative marker HMOX-1 was found after exposure to a low and high dose respectively. Both the gene expression and protein release of tumour necrosis factor-α were significantly elevated after a high dose exposure only. In conclusion, CeO(2) NPs, in combination with diesel exhaust, can significantly interfere with the cell machinery, indicating a specific, potentially adverse role of CeO(2) NPs in regards to the biological response of diesel exhaust exposure.
authors.affiliation: University of Fribourg, Adolphe Merkle Institute, Route de l'Ancienne Papeterie, 1723 Fribourg, Switzerland. sandro.steiner@bfh.ch
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Loretta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Olga B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Popovicheva
authors.forename: David O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Raemy
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Czerwinski
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Comte
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gehr
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rothen-Rutishauser
authors.forename: Martin J D
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Clift
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002563:Cerium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide; D012313:RNA; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione