title: Primary yolk sac tumor of seminal vesicle: a case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor) is a rare malignant germ cell tumor arising in the testis or ovary. Extragonadal yolk sac tumor is even rarer and has only been described in case reports. Due to the rarity of the tumors, the appropriately optimal treatment remains unclear. We report a case of yolk sac tumor in the seminal vesicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 38-year-old Asian male presented with gross hematuria and hemospermia. Transrectal ultrasound scan showed a solid mass in the left seminal vesicle and the scrotal sonography showed no abnormalities. Bilateral seminal vesicles were resected, and histopathological examination showed a typical pattern of yolk sac tumor (YST). The patient responded poorly to comprehensive treatment of radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgeries, developed systemic multiple metastases, and died of cachexia one and half years after diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'an Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xu-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Ya-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Ding-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Chao-Fu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002100:Cachexia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006417:Hematuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D051516:Hemospermia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012196:Review Literature as Topic; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000473:pathology*