title: High expression of interleukin 10 might predict poor prognosis in early stage oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin 10 (IL10) plays an important role in immunosuppression and suppression of antitumor immunity. This study examined the IL10 expression of tumor cells and assessed its significance in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 325 patients with OSCC and were arranged in a tissue microarray. We examined 325 surgical specimens for associations between IL10 expression in tumor cells and clinical parameters of oral cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High IL10 expression in OSCC patients was significantly associated with male gender (P<0.001), smoking (P=0.015), alcohol consumption (P=0.018), betel quid chewing (P=0.003), poor relapse free survival (P=0.012), and poor overall survival (P=0.001). Patients with high IL10 expression, and particularly early stage OSCC patients, had significantly worse overall survival as defined by the log-rank test (P=0.014 for all cases; P=0.004 for early stage patients). In early stage patients, high IL10 expression in tumor cells was associated with poor prognosis (P=0.018) and a 1.99-fold higher death risk, as determined by Cox regression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High IL10 expression is significantly associated with aggressive clinical manifestations and might be an independent survival predictor, particularly in early stage OSCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichuang, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Tzu-Cheng
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Mu-Kuan
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Pei-Ru
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kun-Tu
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Jiunn-Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Huei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D016019:Survival Analysis; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10