title: When should we use nitrates in congestive heart failure?
abstract: Organic nitrates remain among the oldest and most commonly employed drugs in cardiology. Although, in most cases, their use in acute and chronic heart failure is based on clinical practice, only a few clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate their use in acute and chronic heart failure, most of which compare them with other drugs to evaluate differing endpoints. The purpose of this review is to examine the various trials that have evaluated the use of nitrates in acute and chronic heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Experimental and Applied Medicine, University of Study of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. enrico.vizzardi@tin.it
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vizzardi
authors.forename: Ivano
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bonadei
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rovetta
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Aloia
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Quinzani
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Curnis
authors.forename: Livio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dei Cas
mesh_terms: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D014665:Vasodilator Agents