title: Cardiac abnormalities in HIV-positive patients: results from an observational study in India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical presentation of cardiac abnormalities in HIV-infected patients may be atypical or masked by concurrent illnesses that lead to misdiagnosis or they remain undiagnosed; therefore, this study was aimed to determine the frequency of cardiac abnormalities in HIV-infected patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive HIV-infected patients of age >13 years were studied for 3 months, after obtaining their consent. After clinical assessment, chest x-ray, electrocardiogram, 2-dimensional echocardiography and serum Troponin T levels were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 100 patients were studied, cardiomegaly was observed in the x-ray of 15% of them, abnormal electrocardiogram was seen in 18%, 2-dimensional echocardiography was abnormal in 67%; and diastolic dysfunction (42.8%) was the commonest abnormality followed by dilated cardiomyopathy (17.6%). Serum troponin T was elevated in 8%. The variables, opportunistic infections (OIs), antiretroviral therapy (ART), stage of HIV disease, and CD4 counts, did not affect the frequency of diastolic dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diastolic dysfunction is the most common cardiac abnormality observed in HIV-infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Nirdesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Dandu H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Shailendra Prasad
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Roopali
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.forename: Arvind Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Vaish
authors.forename: Kauser
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Usman
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehrotra
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D020107:Troponin T