title: Innate immune responses to TLR2 and TLR4 agonists differ between baboons, chimpanzees and humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  African catarrhine primates differ in bacterial disease susceptibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human, chimpanzee, and baboon blood were stimulated with TLR-detected bacterial agonists and cytokine/chemokine induction assessed by real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Humans and chimpanzees shared similar cytokine/chemokine responses, while baboon cytokine/chemokine induction differed. Generally, responses were agonist independent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These primates tend to generate species rather than agonist-specific responses to bacterial agonists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA. jfbrinkworth@gmail.com
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Brinkworth
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Pechenkina
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Goyert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018420:Ape Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D006801:Humans; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000276:immunology*; D010215:Papio / Q000276:immunology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4