title: Myositis autoantibodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review recent advances in our understanding of autoantibodies associated with dermatomyositis and the autoimmune necrotizing myopathies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Autoantibodies preferentially associated with dermatomyositis include those recognizing Mi-2, MDA5, TIF1γ, and NXP-2. Each of these is associated with a distinct clinical phenotype. Autoantibodies found in patients with autoimmune necrotizing myopathies recognize signal recognition particle and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzime A reductase (HMG-CoA) reductase. The latter are found in patients with statin-associated autoimmune muscle disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As these are helpful both diagnostically and prognostically, a rheumatologist should be familiar with autoantibodies found in patients with dermatomyositis and the autoimmune necrotizing myopathies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Casciola-Rosen
authors.forename: Andrew L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mammen
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D015551:Autoimmunity; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000276:immunology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000276:immunology; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1; D056245:Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex / Q000276:immunology; D009336:Necrosis; D018271:Signal Recognition Particle / Q000276:immunology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; C115323:CHD4 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D018271:Signal Recognition Particle; C511956:TRIM33 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D056245:Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C452815:IFIH1 protein, human; C551732:MORC3 protein, human; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1