title: Recent advances on stearoyl-Coa desaturase regulation in fatty liver diseases.
abstract: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) is a delta-9 fatty acid desaturase that catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Indeed, SCD-1 is the critical control point regulating hepatic lipogenesis and lipid oxidation. Due to its central role in lipid metabolism in the liver, recent studies have focused on the involvement of SCD-1 in the development of fatty liver during obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, excessive alcohol consumption, and in subjects with high triglyceride blood concentrations. The accumulation of fat in liver cells can be a sign that harmful conditions are developing, possibly associated with or leading to inflammation of the liver. This review evaluates the recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of SCD-1 expression and its role in the development of nonalcoholic and alcoholic hepatosteatosis. Animal models presenting a liver-specific loss or inhibition of SCD-1, as well as dietary interventions, have highlighted the important role of the enzyme in the accumulation of fat (fatty infiltration) in hepatocytes during both alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver diseases. The data summarized in this article support the notion that SCD-1 plays a direct role in the development of fatty liver diseases, and is not simply a marker of an unfavorable diet or hepatic disorder. Accordingly, SCD-1 represents a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic steatosis.
authors.affiliation: Université de Bourgogne, UFR Sciences de la Vie, de la Terre et de l’Environnement, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France. michel.narce@u-bourgogne.fr
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Narce
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bellenger
authors.forename: Mickaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rialland
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bellenger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D005235:Fatty Liver, Alcoholic / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase