title: The history of neuroanesthesiology: the people, pursuits, and practices.
abstract: Neuroanesthesiology has a rich history. Although advances in research and clinical practice were cornerstones for the development of this field, other equally critical factors came into play. These include the development of subspecialty societies, formal dissemination of information through textbooks and journal publications, and, most importantly, strong leadership. This article reviews important advances within the subspecialty and many individuals behind those advances. The analysis and speculative synthesis provide insights into the current status of neuroanesthesiology and possible directions for the subspecialty's future.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. lanier.william@mayo.edu
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Lanier
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000009:adverse effects; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000266:history*; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007857:Leadership; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000266:history; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009493:Neurosurgery / Q000266:history*; D010163:Paleontology; D012106:Research; D012955:Societies, Medical / Q000266:history; D013782:Textbooks as Topic / Q000266:history
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents