title: Co-infection rate of HIV, HBV and Syphilis among HCV seropositive identified blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HIV, HBV, Syphilis and HCV share common modes of transmission.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study was aimed to determine the co-infection rate of HIV, HBV and Syphilis among HCV seropositive identified blood donors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on blood samples screened as HCV seropositive at Nepal Red Cross Society, Central Blood Transfusion Service, Kathmandu, Nepal. HCV seropositive samples were further tested for HIV, HBV and Syphilis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight co-infections were observed in 139 HCV seropositives with total co-infection rate of 5.75% (95% CI=2.52-11.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Co-infection of HIV, HBV and Syphilis with HCV is prevalent in the healthy looking blood donors of Kathmandu, Nepal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Kaski, Nepal.
authors.forename: Ashish Chandra
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.forename: Prakash
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghimire
authors.forename: Bishnu Raj
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Manita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajkarnikar