title: Osmotic release oral system methylphenidate prevents weight gain during a smoking-cessation attempt in adults with ADHD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk for both cigarette smoking and being overweight or obese. Although smoking cessation tends to result in weight increase, potentially initiating or exacerbating weight problems, adults with ADHD who are treated with osmotic release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) tend to lose weight. It is unclear how the use of OROS-MPH during a smoking-cessation attempt might affect the typical weight gain that accompanies cessation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined changes in weight and hunger during a smoking-cessation attempt in 215 adults with ADHD who completed a multisite, randomized, controlled trial and were randomized to either OROS-MPH (n = 107) or placebo (n = 108) (NCT #00253747). Both groups also received open-label transdermal nicotine replacement and counseling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants who received OROS-MPH lost an average of 1.6% of their body weight during the 11-week study, whereas those who received placebo gained an average of 1.3% of their weight (p < .001). Hunger ratings were lower in the OROS-MPH group (M = 1.1, SD = 0.8) than in the placebo group (M = 1.6, SD = 0.9; p < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of OROS-MPH during a smoking-cessation attempt prevents weight gain in adults with ADHD who substantially reduce or quit smoking. The potential utility of OROS-MPH in individuals with ADHD who are attempting to quit smoking and for whom weight gain would be problematic warrants further research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA. Jaimee.Heffner@uc.edu
authors.forename: Jaimee L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Heffner
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Theresa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Winhusen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009995:Osmosis; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D008774:Methylphenidate