title: Swine influenza virus vaccines: to change or not to change-that's the question.
abstract: Commercial vaccines currently available against swine influenza virus (SIV) are inactivated, adjuvanted, whole virus vaccines, based on H1N1 and/or H3N2 and/or H1N2 SIVs. In keeping with the antigenic and genetic differences between SIVs circulating in Europe and the US, the vaccines for each region are produced locally and contain different strains. Even within a continent, there is no standardization of vaccine strains, and the antigen mass and adjuvants can also differ between different commercial products. Recombinant protein vaccines against SIV, vector, and DNA vaccines, and vaccines attenuated by reverse genetics have been tested in experimental studies, but they have not yet reached the market. In this review, we aim to present a critical analysis of the performance of commercial inactivated and novel generation SIV vaccines in experimental vaccination challenge studies in pigs. We pay special attention to the differences between commercial SIV vaccines and vaccination attitudes in Europe and in North America, to the issue of vaccine strain selection and changes, and to the potential advantages of novel generation vaccines over the traditional killed SIV vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. Kristien.VanReeth@Ugent.be
authors.forename: Kristien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Reeth
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D057221:Influenza A Virus, H1N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D053122:Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000662:veterinary*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines