title: [Study on the characteristics of temporal distribution and the epidemic trend of autumn-winter type scrub typhus under time series analysis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the characteristics of temporal distribution and epidemic trend of autumn-winter type scrub typhus using the time series analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on the data of scrub typhus collected from Shandong Diseases Reporting Information System from 2006 to 2011, both spectral analysis and moving average analysis were used to analyze the annual data of scrub typhus while scrub typhus incidence in 2012 - 2014 was forecasted. Seasonal decomposition analysis was applied to analyze the monthly data from January of 2006 to October of 2011, followed by Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model (ARIMA) which was constructed to forecast case number in November and December of 2011 and compared to the actual incidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of spectral analysis showed that the prevalence of autumn-winter type scrub typhus had a feature of '3-year-periodicity'. A long-term up-trend was confirmed by method of moving average analysis, with annually case numbers of 310, 337 and another number of 366 forecasted for 2012 to 2014, respectively, with the annual increase rate as 9% per-year. Data from analysis of monthly data of scrub typhus showed that through multiple seasonal decomposition analysis, the results indicated that the prevalence of this disease possessed a typical autumn-winter type. The seasonality indexes for scrub typhus in October and November were 8.454 and 2.230, respectively, while others were less than 1.000. The ARIMA(0,1,1) (0,1,0)(12) model of (1-B)(1-B(12))X(t) = (1-0.811B)u(t) that was used to forecast the prevalence of autumn-winter type scrub typhus and was constructed with the residual error of 16 lags as white noise. The Box-Jenkins test statistic for the model was 3.116, giving a P value of 0.999. The model fitted the data well. Good accordance was achieved between the observed values and the forecasted values of scrub typhus in November and December of 2011 which was produced by the ARIMA model, and all observed values were within the forecasted 95%CI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of autumn-winter type scrub typhus showed a 3-year-periodicity, with a long-term up-trend, and the case numbers of 2012 to 2014 were forecasted, rising on the end with an increasing rate of 9% per year, which occurred seasonally with October as the peak time in every year. The ARIMA(0,1,1) (0,1,0)(12) model seemed to be quite appropriate in predicting the autumn-winter type scrub typhus.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Shu-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xian-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhong-Tang
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D058872:Epidemics; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012612:Scrub Typhus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors