title: Combined molecular and morphological data for improving phylogenetic hypothesis in Dacrymycetes.
abstract: We analyzed the DNA sequences of four gene regions, 28S and 18S rDNA, the ITS region and rpb2, to obtain a high resolution phylogenetic tree of Dacrymycetes. In addition, we comparatively studied micro- and macromorphological characteristics of representative species. The traditional generic classification based on morphological characteristics was not reflected by our molecular phylogenies. Ancestral state reconstructions indicated that the morphology of basidia and clamp connections are evolutionarily stable. In contrast, basidiocarps and basidiospore septation patterns appear variable. Dacrymyces unisporus shares the dolipores with non-perforate parenthesomes typical of other dacrymycetous taxa but is a unique species having predominantly non-bifurcate basidia and subglobose to ovoid basidiospores with transverse and longitudinal septa. In molecular phylogenies this species is a member of Dacrymycetes but always occupies a sister position in relation to the rest of the Dacrymycetes. Based on our results we propose a new genus, Unilacryma, for D. unisporus. For proper accommodation of this taxon, we introduce the family Unilacrymaceae and the order Unilacrymales.
authors.affiliation: Fungus/Mushroom Resource and Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Minami, Koyama, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirouzu
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oberwinkler
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: Nitaro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tokumasu
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005075:Biological Evolution; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013172:Spores, Fungal
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S