title: Volume changes of iliac crest autogenous bone grafts after vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation of atrophic maxillas and mandibles: a 6-year computerized tomographic follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate by computerized tomography the long-term volume resorption of autogenous corticocancellous grafted bone harvested from the ilium and used in an alveolar augmentation procedure followed by endosseous dental implant placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven maxillary grafts (8 positioned horizontally) and 13 mandibular grafts (10 positioned vertically) were placed in 16 patients. Using software programs, pre- and postsurgical computerized tomographic scans were used to compare volumes of grafts over time (up to 6 yr) to determine the annual percentage of remaining bone and the overall percentage of bone resorption that could be expected. Yearly measurements of volumes and percentages of remaining bone were then compared statistically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the 6-year survey for blocks grafted in the mandible, an average resorption rate of 87% was obtained; for maxillary grafts at the same survey, complete resorption of the grafts (mean, 105.5%) was recorded. In general, bone resorption appeared slow, except for that recorded in the first 2 years of healing, the only period in which statistical comparisons among all time points showed significant differences for all variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Volumetric measurements of the grafts and their related percentages of remaining bone attested to a progressive and unavoidable bone resorption of almost all the grafted bone in the maxilla and mandible. Although the present data were from a heterogeneous group of defects treated with horizontal and vertical procedures, clinicians, when performing alveolar bone augmentation with an autogenous hip bone, should aim at titanium dental implant osseointegration, not only in the augmented bone but also in the native bone below the graft.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sbordone
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Toti
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guidetti
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Califano
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: Ludovico
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sbordone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D015519:Bone Density; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000379:methods / Q000502:physiology*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed