title: Initial respiratory support of preterm infants: the role of CPAP, the INSURE method, and noninvasive ventilation.
abstract: This article explores the potential benefits and risks for the various approaches to the initial respiratory management of preterm infants. The authors focus on the evidence for the increasingly used strategies of initial respiratory support of preterm infants with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) beginning in the delivery room or very early in the hospital course and blended strategies involving the early administration of surfactant replacement followed by immediate extubation and stabilization on CPAP. Where possible, the evidence referenced in this review comes from individual randomized controlled trials or meta-analyses of those trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Vermont, FAHC-Smith 556, Burlington, VT 05401, USA. Robert.Pfister@vtmednet.org
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Pfister
authors.forename: Roger F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Soll
mesh_terms: D060666:Airway Extubation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D063087:Noninvasive Ventilation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants