title: Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma following psoriasis treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psoriasis is a relatively common inflammatory disease of the skin and joints. Moderate to severe psoriasis often necessitates lifelong alternating systemic therapies, many of which may increase the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancers and lymphoproliferative disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 34-year-old male was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) involving the right lower bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva with extension to the proximal lacrimal drainage system. The patient had suffered from severe psoriasis since childhood, for which he was on long-standing systemic cyclosporine, topical tacrolimus, and previous phototherapy. Margin-controlled excision of the lower half of the bulbar conjunctiva and lower eyelid with subsequent reconstruction was performed, followed by adjunctive topical mitomycin C 0.04% drops and local interferon injections. Cyclosporine was replaced with oral prednisolone. The patient was free of recurrence of SCC at 18 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although conjunctival SCC has been described following cyclosporine treatment for organ transplantation, this report describes a case of conjunctival SCC following lower-dose cyclosporine treatment for psoriasis in a patient who had previous psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA) treatment. The conjunctival SCC should be considered in the differential diagnosis of new conjunctival lesions in such patients.
authors.affiliation: Queen Victoria Hospital, West Sussex, UK.
authors.forename: Radwan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Almousa
authors.forename: Sheraz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daya
authors.forename: Damian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lake
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Raman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malhotra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003230:Conjunctival Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents