title: Recent progress and applications of ion-exclusion/ion-exchange chromatography for simultaneous determination of inorganic anions and cations.
abstract: One of the ultimate goals of ion chromatography is to determine both anions and cations found in samples with a single chromatographic run.  In the present article, recent progress in ion-exclusion/ion-exchange chromatography for the simultaneous determinations of inorganic anions and cations are reviewed.  Firstly, the principle and the control for the simultaneous separation and detection of analyte ions using ion-exclusion/cation-exchange chromatography with a weakly acidic cation-exchange column are outlined.  Then, advanced chromatographic techniques in terms of analytical time, selectively and sensitivity are summarized.  As a related method, ion-exclusion/anion-exchange chromatography with an anion-exchange column could be used for the simultaneous determination of inorganic nitrogen species, such as ammonium, nitrite and nitrate ions.  Their usefulness and applications to water-quality monitoring and related techniques are also described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Symbiotic Science, College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen University, Hokkaido, Japan. nakatani@rakuno.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nobutake
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kozaki
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000032:analysis; D002412:Cations / Q000032:analysis; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds