title: Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the 2001 American Urological Association (AUA) recommendations for the evaluation of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria (AMH) in light of the most recent studies available.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AMH is a nonspecific marker of disease, but can also be found in healthy individuals. The research done seeks to better identify those patients who present with AMH and have a clinically significant disease. These investigations include epidemiological studies that describe populations at risk, define clinically significant hematuria, and provide long-term follow-up to patients with AMH. Authors have examined the validity and effectiveness of recommended and nonrecommended tests for AMH in different populations. Finally, several studies looked into what workup, if any, patients with AMH were receiving in the community.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evaluation of female patients with AMH needs to be tailored to the individual patient's presentation and risk factors. This evaluation should be timely and always include testing of both upper and lower urinary tract. After a complete negative assessment, no further follow-up is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Madeline A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dick-Biascoechea
authors.forename: Elisabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Erekson
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*