title: Human dietary exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances in Catalonia, Spain. Temporal trend.
abstract: In this study, we assessed the levels of 18 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the most widely consumed foodstuffs in Catalonia, Spain, as well as the total dietary intake of these compounds. Forty food items were analysed. Only perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorohexadecanoic acid (PFHxDA) and perfluorooctanoicdecanoic acid (PFOcDA) were not detected in any sample. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the compound found in the highest number of samples (33 out of 80), followed by perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorodecane sulfonic acid (PFDS). Fish and shellfish was the food group in which more PFASs were detected and where the highest PFAS concentrations were found. The highest dietary intakes corresponded to children, followed by male seniors, with values of 1787 and 1466ng/day, respectively. For any of the age/gender groups of the population, the Tolerable Daily Intakes (TDIs) recommended by the EFSA were not exceeded. In general terms, PFAS levels found in the current study are lower than the concentrations recently reported in other countries.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain. joseluis.domingo@urv.cat
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.forename: Ingrid Ericson
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Jogsten
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martorell
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perelló
authors.forename: Martí
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nadal
authors.forename: Bert van
authors.initials: Bv
authors.lastname: Bavel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004435:Eating; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D012756:Sheep; D013030:Spain; D013552:Swine; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons