title: MDR1 C3435T polymorphism and interaction with environmental factors in risk of Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Japan.
abstract: It has been suggested that P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the product of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene, regulates the brain entry of various xenobiotics. Impaired function of P-gp may be associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a MDR1 C3435T polymorphism on PD risk alone or in combination with environmental factors. A total of 238 patients with PD and 368 controls were genotyped for the MDR1 C3435T polymorphism. Subjects with the TT genotype of the C3435T polymorphism showed a nonsignificantly increased risk of PD [odds ratio (OR)=1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.85-2.25] compared with those with the CC genotype. A gene-environment interaction was suggested, with a combination of at least one T allele and ever drinking conferring significantly higher risk (OR=1.83, 95% CI=1.07-3.15, p=0.029), compared with the CC genotype and never drinking. No significant interaction of smoking or occupational pesticide use with the C3435T polymorphism was observed. Our results suggest that the C3435T polymorphism may not play an important role in PD susceptibility in Japanese. Evidence of an interaction between the C3435T polymorphism and alcohol consumption was suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. chikako@phealth.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Senji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shirasawa
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Wakaba
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oeda
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Nobutoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakae
authors.forename: Hidenao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: Yishio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagai
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D059647:Gene-Environment Interaction; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D010575:Pesticides