title: Gender differences in outcome after stent treatment of lesions in the femoropopliteal segment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although endovascular stent treatment is increasingly used in infrainguinal atherosclerotic occlusive disease, outcome with focus on gender differences has not been reported in detail.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twelve consecutive patients (67 [60%]) women, undergoing endovascular nitinol stent treatment of atherosclerotic lesions in the femoropopliteal segment were analysed concerning improvement in ankle brachial index (ABI), reinterventions, complications, amputation and survival rates up to 12 months after intervention. Risk factors for amputation and death were analyzed with logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At presentation, women showed critical limb ischemia (CLI) more often than men (87% vs. 58 %; P = 0.001). After 12 months ABI had improved (from 0.40 ± 0.26 at baseline to 0.86 ± 0.22 after 12 months, P < 0.001), but 16 patients (15%) had been amputated and 27 patients (24 %) had died. After adjustment for age, diabetes mellitus and smoking, female gender was an independent risk factor for amputation (OR 9.0; 95% CI 1.1-76.5; P = 0.045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stent treatment of lesions in the femoropopliteal segment had favourable effects on ABI and limb salvage. Treated women more often had CLI and ran a higher risk for amputation within 12 months than men. This might reflect failure of clinicians to adequately appreciate symptoms of atherosclerotic leg artery disease in women.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. hans.lindgren@skane.se
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lindgren
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gottsäter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hermansson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qvarfordt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bergman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000497:Alloys; D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D023821:Limb Salvage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D015607:Stents; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; C013616:nitinol