title: Effects of physicochemical forms of phenazepam and Panavir on their action at ultra-low doses.
abstract: A concept of physicochemical forms of biologically active substances introduced in investigation of the action mechanism of ultra-low doses allows qualitative explanation of the main effects of ultra-low doses, chemical diversity of biologically active substances, and physical boundaries for these effects. Phenazepam was shown to possess activity in ultra-low doses only in disperse state, in the form of nanoparticles with a diameter <100-300 nm; these nanoparticles appear as micelles of surface active substances and solvated. Panavir possesses pharmacological activity in ultra-low doses and appears as nanoparticles with a diameter of 200-300 nm, which have uncompensated negative surface charge and polymer nature.
authors.affiliation: N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. s.stovbun@chph.ras.ru
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Stovbun
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Kiselev
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zanin
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kalinina
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Voronina
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Mikhailov
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Berlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008823:Micelles; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011341:Probucol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008823:Micelles; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; C017928:phenazepam; D011341:Probucol