title: Stimulation of GPR30 increases release of EMMPRIN-containing microvesicles in human uterine epithelial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Uterine remodeling is highly dependent on the glycosylated transmembrane protein extracellular matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inducer (EMMPRIN). Previous studies indicate estradiol can increase EMMPRIN expression in uterine cells and promote subsequent induction of MMP production.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the role of G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) stimulation on EMMPRIN microvesicle release in the human uterine epithelial cell line hTERT-EEC (EECs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined EMMPRIN release by human EECs in response to GPR30 stimulation by microvesicle isolation, Western blot, and immunocytochemistry. We employed a pharmacological approach using the GPR30-selective agonist G1 and the antagonist G15 to determine the receptor specificity of this response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrated GPR30 expression in EECs and release of EMMPRIN in microvesicles in response to stimulation of GPR30. G1, estradiol, and cholera toxin stimulated EMMPRIN release in microvesicles as detected by Western blot and immunocytochemistry, indicating that stimulation of GPR30 can induce EMMPRIN microvesicle release.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that EMMPRIN release in microvesicles can be mediated by stimulation of GPR30 in human EECs, suggesting that inappropriate stimulation or expression of this receptor may be significant in uterine pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA. lburne3@illinois.edu
authors.forename: Lindsey A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.forename: Mallory M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Light
authors.forename: Pavni
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mehrotra
authors.forename: Romana A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nowak
mesh_terms: D051926:Basigin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D052117:Benzodioxoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C517943:1-(4-(6-bromobenzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl)-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta(c)quinolin-8-yl)ethanone; C568862:4-(6-bromo-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3a,4,5,9b-3H-cyclopenta(c)quinoline; C497886:BSG protein, human; D052117:Benzodioxoles; D003517:Cyclopentanes; C109584:GPER1 protein, human; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011804:Quinolines; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D051926:Basigin; D004958:Estradiol; D002772:Cholera Toxin; C509186:TERT protein, human; D019098:Telomerase