title: Small RNAs of Sequoia sempervirens during rejuvenation and phase change.
abstract: In this work, the population of small RNAs (sRNAs) was studied in the gymnosperm Sequoia sempervirens during phase changes, specifically in the juvenile, adult and rejuvenated plants obtained in vitro. The potential target genes of Sequoia sRNAs were predicted through bioinformatics. Rejuvenation is a pivotal process in woody plants that enables them to regain their growth potential, which results in the recovery of physiologic and molecular characteristics that were lost when the juveniles mature into adult plants. The results from the five repeated graftings of juvenile, adult and rejuvenated plants in vitro showed that sRNAs could be classified into structural RNAs (Group I), small interfering RNAs (Group II), annotated microRNAs (Group III, and unannotated sRNAs (Group IV). The results indicate that only 573 among 15,485,415 sRNAs (Groups III and IV) had significantly different expression patterns associated with rejuvenation and phase change. A total of 215 sRNAs exhibited up-regulated expression patterns in adult shoots, and 358 sRNAs were down-regulated. Expression profiling and prediction of possible target genes of these unique small RNAs indicate possible functions in the control of photosynthetic efficiency and rooting competence abundance during plant rejuvenation. Moreover, the increase in SsmiR156 and decrease in SsmiR172 during plant rejuvenation suggested that these two microRNAs extensively affect phase transition.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, National Chung Hsing University, Tauchung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y-T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: W-D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: H-A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: B-L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: C-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: K-W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: L-C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: I-F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018533:Biomass; D019295:Computational Biology; D057890:Epigenomics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D015723:Gene Library; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D032487:Sequoia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018749:RNA, Plant; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000040:Abscisic Acid