title: Clinical results of surgical management in type II odontoid fracture: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of     surgical approaches in type II odontoid fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a     retrospective study in Mashhad university, 15 patients with anterior screw     fixation technique (ASF) and 31 patients with posterior approaches (PA) were     reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, length of hospital stay,     operation time, injury severity score (ISS), Preinjury Charlson comorbidity     index, fusion rate and surgical complications were analyzed in these two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neck pain was the most common clinical presentation in these two groups     (89.7%). There were no significant differences in ISS and mean length of     hospital stay and Comorbidity index between the two groups. The operation time     was different between these two groups (65 minutes in ASF versus118 minutes in     PA, P < 0.05). Bone union was documented in 13 patients (87%) with ASF and 28     patients (90%) with PA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The outcome of surgery with anterior or     posterior approach in the patients are potential candidates for surgery is good.     In our patients, the operation time is different in the two groups but     differences in fusion rate, length of hospital stay, comorbidity index and     postsurgical complications are not considerable.
authors.affiliation: Mashhad of University Medical Science, Trauma Research Center, Shahid Kamyab Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Mashhad/Khorasan Razavi, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mashhadinezhad
authors.forename: Fariborz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Samini
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mashhadinezhad
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Birjandinejad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001863:Bone Screws; D015897:Comorbidity; D000075202:Contraindications; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D009809:Odontoid Process / Q000293:injuries*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult