title: Longitudinal changes in primary progressive aphasias: differences in cognitive and dementia staging measures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The longitudinal course of three primary progressive aphasia (PPA) variants was examined using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) and the Frontotemporal dementia Rating Scale (FRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases with two assessments on the ACE-R and FRS were selected. A total of 220 assessments were obtained on 55 patients: 17 Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 38 PPA [17 semantic variant (svPPA), 12 non-fluent/agrammatic (naPPA) and 9 logopenic variant (lvPPA) cases].
  
  
  RESULTS
  The annualized rate of change was greater in all PPA variants in comparison with the AD group on the ACE-R whereas only the svPPA and naPPA groups differed from AD on the FRS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The longitudinal profile differs across PPA syndromes on cognitive and functional measures. Findings have theoretical implications and are relevant to the care of patients with dementia.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, N.S.W., Australia.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Leyton
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mioshi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018888:Aphasia, Primary Progressive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D057178:Primary Progressive Nonfluent Aphasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology