title: Surface modified and medicated polyurethane materials capable of controlling microorganisms causing foot skin infection in athletes.
abstract: Foot odor and foot infection are major problems of athletes and persons with hyperhidrosis. Many shoes especially sports shoes have removable cushion insoles/foot beds for foot comfort. Polyurethane (PU) foam and elastomer have been used as cushion insole in shoes. In the present work, new insole materials based on porous viscoelastic PU sheets having hydrophilic property and antimicrobial drug coating to control foot infection and odor were developed. Bacteria and fungus that are causing infection and bad odor of the foot of athletes were isolated by microbial cell culturing of foot sweat. The surface of porous viscoelastic PU sheets was modified using hydrophilic polymers and coated with antimicrobial agent, silver sulfadiazine (SS). The surface modified PU sheets were characterized using ATR-FTIR, TGA, DSC, SEM, contact angle measurement and water absorption study. Results had shown that modified PU sheets have hydrophilicity greater than that of original PU sheet. FTIR spectra and SEM pictures confirmed modification of PU surface with hydrophilic polymers and coating with SS. Minimum inhibitory concentration studies indicated that SS has activity on all isolated bacteria of athletic foot sweat. The maximum inhibition was found for Pseudomonas (20mm) followed by Micrococci (17 mm), Diphtheroids (16 mm) and Staphylococci (12 mm). During perspiration of foot the hydrophilic polymers on PU surface will swell and release SS. Future work will confirm the application of these materials as inserts in athletic shoes.
authors.affiliation: Shoe Design and Development Centre, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, India. saraswathyg@clri.res.in
authors.forename: Saraswathy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gnanasundaram
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ranganathan
authors.forename: Bhabendra Nath
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Asit Baran
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Mandal
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012874:Skin Diseases, Infectious / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014008:Tinea Pedis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011140:Polyurethanes