title: Unusual presentation of a rare cancer: histiocytic sarcoma in the brain 16 years after treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
abstract: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a very rare hematopoietic neoplasm that has been reported in association with other hematological malignancies. Presentation of HS in the central nervous system is even less common. Diagnosis of HS requires the presence of histiocytic markers and the systematic exclusion of markers of other cell lineages. Primary HS central nervous system tumors are aggressive and generally have poor outcomes. There are no standard treatment guidelines due to lack of clinical trials and a limited number of case reports. Here we present a unique case with two primary histiocytic lesions in the brain, refractory to systemic and radiation therapies, that developed after being treated for T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia 16 years prior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal/Hospital Medicine, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449, USA. chalasani.sreelatha@marshfieldclinic.org
authors.forename: Sreelatha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chalasani
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hennick
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Hocking
authors.forename: Gene R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lawler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004358:Drug Therapy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D054747:Histiocytic Sarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy*; D011878:Radiotherapy; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed