title: Genome-wide analysis of transcriptional changes in the thoracic muscle of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, exposed to hypobaric hypoxia.
abstract: Hypobaric hypoxia has both beneficial and detrimental effects on living organisms in high altitude regions. The impact of hypobaric hypoxia has been investigated in numerous vertebrates. However, it is still not well characterized how invertebrates respond to hypobaric hypoxia. In this study, we examined the transcriptional profiles of locust thoracic muscles using microarrays to disclose their strategies to cope with hypobaric hypoxia. We found that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and its target genes did not respond significantly to hypobaric hypoxia. As with severe, normobaric hypoxia, mitochondrial activities were systemically suppressed, mainly involving in energy production and mitochondrial biogenesis. The surveillance processes, involving in clearance of dysfunctional proteins in endoplasmic reticulum, were activated, e.g. endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation, protein glycosylation, and protein folding. In contrast to severe, normobaric hypoxia, glycolysis was suppressed and the pentose phosphate pathway strengthened. Our data suggested that hypobaric hypoxia induced an oxidative stress rather than an energy crisis in locust thoracic muscles. Our research provides a different perspective of biological responses to hypoxia, complementing the well-studied biological responses to extreme, normobaric hypoxia.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: De Jian
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhen Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000531:Altitude; D000818:Animals; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D049750:Genome, Insect; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D048188:Locusta migratoria / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism*; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D005947:Glucose