title: Does levofloxacin induce hemolytic uremic syndrome in patients infected with verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 infections?
abstract: Fifteen Japanese colitis patients, aged above 16 years old, infected with verotoxin-producing  Escherichia coli O157 (VTEC O157) were divided into 2 treatment groups. Of the 15 patients, 6 (mean ± SD,  41.3 ± 19.0 years old) were treated with levofloxacin (LVFX), while the remaining 9 patients (32.0 ± 10.0  years old) were not treated with any antimicrobial agents. All patients complained of abdominal pain and  bloody stool and were not administered antidiarrheals. Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) did not develop in  any of the 6 patients treated with LVFX, but developed in 1 of the 9 patients not treated with  antimicrobial agents. No statistical difference was found in the occurrence rate of HUS between  LVFX-treated patients and patients not treated with antimicrobial agents. Our results suggest that oral  administration of LVFX is not associated with risk of HUS in hemorrhagic colitis patients aged above 16  years infected with VTEC O157.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. infection＠bokutoh-hp.metro.tokyo.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Fukumi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nakamura-Uchiyama
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003092:Colitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D022603:Shiga Toxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D022603:Shiga Toxins; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin