title: Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of fusidic acid on Babesia and Theileria parasites.
abstract: Fusidic acid known to has antibacterial, antifungal, and antimalarial activities. Fusidic acid blocks translation elongation factor G gene in Plasmodium falciparum. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of fusidic acid on the in vitro growth of bovine and equine Babesia parasites were evaluated. The inhibitory effect of fusidic acid on the in vivo growth of Babesia microti was also assessed. The in vitro growth of four Babesia species that were tested was significantly inhibited (P<0.05) by micromolar concentrations of fusidic acid (IC(50) values=144.8, 17.3, 33.3, and 56.25 μM for Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Babesia caballi, and Theileria equi, respectively). Combinations of fusidic acid with diminazene aceturate synergistically potentiated its inhibitory effects in vitro on B. bovis and B. caballi. In B. microti-infected mice, fusidic acid caused significant (P<0.05) inhibition of the growth of B. microti at the dose of 500 mg/kg BW relative to control group. These results indicate that fusidic acid might be incorporated in treatment of babesiosis.
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-Cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Akram Ahmed
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Salama
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aboulaila
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Moussa
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nayel
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Sify
authors.forename: Mohamad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Terkawi
authors.forename: Hany Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Naoaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Igarashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001403:Babesia / Q000187:drug effects*; D001404:Babesiosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004133:Diminazene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D005672:Fusidic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016794:Theileria / Q000187:drug effects*; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D005672:Fusidic Acid; C003915:diminazene aceturate; D004133:Diminazene