title: Two cases of focal choroidal excavation detected by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the clinical findings of 2 patients with focal choroidal excavation in the macula detected by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three eyes of 2 patients with a focal macular choroidal excavation detected by SD-OCT were studied. The eyes were examined by fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography, fundus-related microperimetry, and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In spite of a complaint of metamorphopsia, the visual acuity was normal in 2 eyes. SD-OCT demonstrated a choroidal excavation in the macula but the foveal contour was normal in 3 eyes. The excavation involved the outer retinal layers up to the external limiting membrane in all eyes, and a type 2 secondary choroidal neovascularization (CNV) developed in 1 of the 3 eyes. There were areas of hypoautofluorescence in the FAF images, and areas of decreased retinal sensitivity determined by microperimetry. These areas corresponded to the choroidal excavation in all eyes. The P1 amplitudes of the mfERGs were decreased in the fovea of 1 eye without a CNV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The choroidal excavation remained stable for 3 years in 2 eyes, a secondary CNV developed in 1 eye during the course of the disease. More cases and longer follow-up periods will be necessary to determine the etiology, clinical course, and visual prognosis of eyes with a choroidal excavation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katome
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mitamura
authors.forename: Fumika
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niki
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naito