title: Graphite supported preparation (GSP) of α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for peptides and proteins.
abstract: Graphite as MALDI matrix or in combination with other substances has been reported in recent years. Here, we demonstrate that graphite can be used as target coating supporting the crystallization of the α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid matrix. A conventional dried-droplet preparation of matrix and analyte solution on a graphite-coated metal target leads to a thin, uniform layer of cubic crystals with about 1 μm edge length. Commercially available graphite powder of 1-2 μm particle size is gently wiped over the target using a cotton Q-tip, leading to an ultra-thin, not-visible film. This surface modification considerably improves analysis of peptides and proteins for MALDI MS using conventional dried-droplet preparation. Compared with untreated targets, the signal intensities of standard peptides are up to eight times higher when using the graphite supported crystallization. The relative standard deviation in peak area of angiotensin II for sample amounts between 1 and 50 fmol is reduced to about 15 % compared with 45 % for untreated sample holders. For a quantification of 1 fmol of the peptide using an internal standard the coefficient of variation is reduced to 3.5 % from 8 %. The new graphite supported preparation (GSP) protocol is very simple and does not require any technical nor manual skills. All standard solvents for peptides and proteins can be used.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Cluster of Excellence Macromolecular Complexes, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt a M, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gorka
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bahr
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002417:Cattle; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010316:Particle Size; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003373:Coumaric Acids; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; C007175:alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate; D006108:Graphite