title: Applications of reversible covalent chemistry in analytical sample preparation.
abstract: Reversible covalent chemistry (RCC) adds another dimension to commonly used sample preparation techniques like solid-phase extraction (SPE), solid-phase microextraction (SPME), molecular imprinted polymers (MIPs) or immuno-affinity cleanup (IAC): chemical selectivity. By selecting analytes according to their covalent reactivity, sample complexity can be reduced significantly, resulting in enhanced analytical performance for low-abundance target analytes. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the applications of RCC in analytical sample preparation. The major reactions covered include reversible boronic ester formation, thiol-disulfide exchange and reversible hydrazone formation, targeting analyte groups like diols (sugars, glycoproteins and glycopeptides, catechols), thiols (cysteinyl-proteins and cysteinyl-peptides) and carbonyls (carbonylated proteins, mycotoxins). Their applications range from low abundance proteomics to reversible protein/peptide labelling to antibody chromatography to quantitative and qualitative food analysis. In discussing the potential of RCC, a special focus is on the conditions and restrictions of the utilized reaction chemistry.
authors.affiliation: BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Str 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany. ds@dsscience.de
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Siegel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D001897:Boronic Acids; D011506:Proteins; D012265:Ribonucleotides