title: Male-mediated infertility in sons of building painters and gardeners: a nationwide register-based follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether sons of gardeners and building painters have increased risk of infertility in comparison with sons of bricklayers, carpenters and electricians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were men born 1965-1984 in Denmark whose fathers the year before birth had worked as gardeners, painters, bricklayers, carpenters or electricians (N=22,978). Cases of infertility were identified by Danish registers, and participants were followed-up for up to 24 years after their 20th birthday.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sons of gardeners did not have increased risk of infertility. Hazard ratios for sons of painters fluctuated around the null in main analyses but were 1.6 (98% CI: 1.0-2.5) and 1.7 (95% CI: 0.9-3.2) in the subset of participants with smallest risk of paternal exposure misclassification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Working as gardener or building painter was not related to increased risk of infertility among the next generation of males in main analyses. However, inherent limitations in data may have attenuated true associations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. chrh@soci.au.dk
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ramlau-Hansen
authors.forename: C D G
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stoltenberg
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hougaard
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Parner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Thulstrup
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bonde
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005220:Fathers; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D051639:Gardening; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009679:Nuclear Family; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010150:Paint; D018812:Paternal Exposure; D055815:Young Adult