title: [Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype is a risk factor for subclinical atherosclerosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the association between hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional study. Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was considered if the waist was ≥90cm and triglycerides ≥2.0mmol/l (178mg/dl) in men and ≥85cm and ≥1.5mmol/L (133mg/dl) in women, respectively. We used the intima-media thickness (IMT) to detect carotid subclinical atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed 152 patients, of whom 128 (84.2%) were receiving antiretroviral therapy, 40.7% were receiving protease inhibitors and 38.1% were treated with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype was 23.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.8-30.3%). Patients with hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype had higher cardiovascular risk according to the Framingham score (11.09 [7.6] vs 3.88 [4], P=0.001) and lipodystrophy (33.3 vs. 13.7%, P=0.032) and metabolic syndrome (69.4 vs. 1.9%, P<0.001) were more frequent. The IMT was elevated in 21 (13.8%) patients. Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (odds ratio [OR] 4.66 [95%CI 1.05-20.6; P = 0.043]) and metabolic syndrome (OR 3.74 [95%CI 1.25-11.23; P = 0.018]) were independently associated with higher IMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype is a risk factor for subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV infected patients and it is useful to detect patients with lipodystrophy, metabolic syndrome and high cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía, Murcia, Spain. enrbernal@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sabán
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sarabia
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Medina
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cano
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids