title: Socioeconomic-status and mental health in a personality disorder sample: the importance of neighborhood factors.
abstract: This cross-sectional study examined the associations between neighborhood-level socioeconomic-status (NSES), and psychosocial functioning and personality pathology among 335 adults drawn from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. Participants belonged to four personality disorder (PD) diagnostic groups: Avoidant, Borderline, Schizotypal, and Obsessive Compulsive. Global functioning, social adjustment, and PD symptoms were assessed following a minimum two-year period of residential stability. Residence in higherrisk neighborhoods was associated with more PD symptoms and lower levels of functioning and social adjustment. These relationships were consistent after controlling for individual-level socioeconomic-status and ethnicity; however, the positive association between neighborhood-level socio-economic risk and PD symptoms was evident only at higher levels of individual-level socio-economic risk. Our findings identify NSES as a candidate for explaining some of the variability in symptoms and functioning among PD individuals.
authors.forename: Zach
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: M Tracie
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Emily B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Ansell
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Grilo
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: McGlashan
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.forename: Donna S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bender
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Skodol
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sanislow
authors.forename: Lesley C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Gunderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012923:Social Class