title: Oxidative stress and activities of caspase-8, -9, and -3 are involved in cryopreservation-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to determine whether the oxidative stress and the activities of caspase-8, -9, and -3 are involved in cryopreservation-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Granulosa cells from rats were cryopreserved with or without genistein. The level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was measured. Moreover, the expressions of caspase-8, -9, and -3 in both mRNA and protein were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SOD level in cryopreserved granulosa cells was significantly lower than that in a fresh control group, and the levels of caspase-8, -9, and -3 expression in both mRNA and protein in cryopreserved granulosa cells were significantly higher than those of fresh control granulosa cells. Furthermore, the levels of caspase-8 and -3 expression in both mRNA and protein of granulosa cells cryopreserved in presence of genistein were significant lower than those of granulosa cells cryopreserved in absence of genistein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oxidative stress induced by cryopreservation in granulosa cells is involved in the activation of caspase-8 and -3. Cryopreservation-induced apoptosis in granulosa cells is mediated, at least in part, by activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 dependent apoptotic pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan 250000, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Heng-Cai
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong-Xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-Hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun-Tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Ying-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D020169:Caspases