title: Peritraumatic dissociation and peritraumatic emotional predictors of PTSD in Latino youth: results from the Hispanic family study.
abstract: This is the 1st study to examine peritraumatic dissociation and peritraumatic emotions as they predict symptoms and diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Latino youth. Our aim was to test the hypothesis that the degree of peritraumatic dissociation would predict the number of PTSD symptoms and PTSD clinical diagnosis when the influences of other salient factors were statistically controlled. We also explored the possible contributions of peritraumatic emotional responses to PTSD symptomatology and PTSD diagnosis. We expected that peritraumatic dissociation would emerge as a significant predictor of PTSD. A total of 204 Latino youth (mean age = 12.37 years) completed semistructured individual clinical interviews with bilingual research assistants. These interviews assessed trauma exposure, peritraumatic responses, and current psychopathology. A linear regression analysis demonstrated significant relationships between lifetime number of traumatic events, peritraumatic dissociation, shame, and number of PTSD symptoms endorsed. Significant inverse (protective) relationships were demonstrated between anger and guilt and current PTSD symptomatology. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant relationships between peritraumatic dissociation, shame, lifetime number of traumatic events experienced, and PTSD diagnosis. The analyses examined both the number of PTSD symptoms as well as diagnosis of PTSD while simultaneously controlling for age, lifetime exposure to traumatic events, time residing in the United States, and gender. These results support an increasingly robust body of empirical literature suggesting that the peritraumatic dissociative and emotional responses to trauma are important predictors of future PTSD diagnosis. Possible cultural factors contributing to the dissociative responses in Latino youth and clinical implications are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences , Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Desi.Vasquez@va.gov
authors.forename: Desi Alonzo
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Vásquez
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Arellano
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reid-Quiñones
authors.forename: Ana J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: Alyssa A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rheingold
authors.forename: Ryan P J
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Stocker
authors.forename: Carla Kmett
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Danielson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*