title: The Mediterranean diet improves the systemic lipid and DNA oxidative damage in metabolic syndrome individuals. A randomized, controlled, trial.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), in which a non-classic feature is an increase in systemic oxidative biomarkers, presents a high risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is associated with a reduced risk of MetS. However, the effect of the MedDiet on biomarkers for oxidative damage has not been assessed in MetS individuals. We have investigated the effect of the MedDiet on systemic oxidative biomarkers in MetS individuals.
  
  
  
  Randomized, controlled, parallel clinical trial in which 110 female with MetS, aged 55-80, were recruited into a large trial (PREDIMED Study) to test the efficacy of the traditional MedDiet on the primary prevention of CVD. Participants were assigned to a low-fat diet or two traditional MedDiets (MedDiet + virgin olive oil or MedDiet + nuts). Both MedDiet group participants received nutritional education and either free extra virgin olive oil for all the family (1 L/week), or free nuts (30 g/day). Diets were ad libitum. Changes in urine levels of F2-Isoprostane (F2-IP) and the DNA damage base 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) were evaluated at 1-year trial.
  
  
  
  After 1-year urinary F2-IP decreased in all groups, the decrease in MedDiet groups reaching a borderline significance versus that of the Control group. Urinary 8-oxo-dG was also reduced in all groups, with a higher decrease in both MedDiet groups versus the Control one (P < 0.001).
  
  
  
  MedDiet reduces oxidative damage to lipids and DNA in MetS individuals. Data from this study provide evidence to recommend the traditional MedDiet as a useful tool in the MetS management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, INSA, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mitjavila
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fandos
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salas-Salvadó
authors.forename: María-Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Covas
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borrego
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Estruch
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lamuela-Raventós
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corella
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Martínez-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Julia M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulló
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fitó
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tormos
authors.forename: Concha
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cerdá
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casillas
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iradi
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zaragoza
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: Guillermo T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Sáez
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D009754:Nuts / Q000737:chemistry; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine