title: Contingency management is effective across cocaine-dependent outpatients with different socioeconomic status.
abstract: Contingency management (CM) has demonstrated its efficacy for treating cocaine dependence, but there is still some controversy with regard to its dissemination. Understanding how individual differences affect CM outcomes is important for detecting barriers to its dissemination. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of socioeconomic variables in cocaine-dependent outpatients on the effectiveness of CM in a community setting. Cocaine-dependent outpatients (N=118) were randomized to community reinforcement approach (CRA) treatment or a CRA plus vouchers program. The impact of baseline economic variables, alone and in combination with treatment conditions, on abstinence and retention outcomes after 6 months of treatment was assessed. Results showed that income had no effect on retention or abstinence outcomes after 6 months of treatment in either treatment condition. The addition of a CM component was beneficial for individuals with any socioeconomic status. These results support the generalizability of CM strategies with patients of different socioeconomic status in community settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Oviedo, Plaza Feijoo 33003, Oviedo, Spain. secades@uniovi.es
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Secades-Villa
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: García-Fernández
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peña-Suárez
authors.forename: Olaya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: García-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Hervás
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fernández-Hermida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D043842:Ochnaceae; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000379:methods; D014040:Token Economy; D016896:Treatment Outcome