title: Chancre of the eyelid as manifestation of primary syphilis, and precocious chorioretinitis and uveitis in an HIV-infected patient: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ocular syphilis is often difficult to diagnose because of the wide variation in clinical features.HIV co-infection may further complicate the picture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Herein the authors report an unusual primary syphilitic ocular lesion in a 45-year-old Italian HIV-infected bisexual man who presented with a unilateral eyelid lesion. Associated precocious signs and symptoms in the posterior segment of both eyes, bilateral chorioretinitis and uveitis, are described. Intravenous penicillin and steroid treatment produced a rapid improvement in clinical status and complete resolution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Careful questioning about sexual behavior is crucial for unmasking unusual features of ocular syphilis in HIV-infected subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Ophthalmology Section, University of Palermo, Via Liborio Giuffrè 13, 90127, Palermo, Italy. salvatore.cillino@unipa.it
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cillino
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Pace
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trizzino
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Li Vecchi
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002601:Chancre / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000473:pathology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014605:Uveitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D013256:Steroids