title: Effective microbes for simultaneous bio-oxidation of ammonia and manganese in biological aerated filter system.
abstract: This study determined the most effective microbes acting as ammonia-oxidising (AOB) and manganese-oxidising bacteria (MnOB) for the simultaneous removal of ammonia (NH(4)(+)-N) and manganese (Mn(2+)) from water. Two conditions of mixed culture of bacteria: an acclimatised mixed culture (mixed culture: MC) in a 5-L bioreactor and biofilm attached on a plastic medium (stages of mixed culture: SMC) in a biological aerated filter were isolated and identified using Biolog MicroSystem and 16S rRNA sequencing. A screening test for determining the most effective microbe in the removal of NH(4)(+)-N and Mn(2+) was initially performed using SMC and MC, respectively, and found that Bacillus cereus was the most effective microbe for the removal of NH(4)(+)-N and Mn(2+). Moreover, the simultaneous NH(4)(+)-N and Mn(2+) removal (above 95% removal for both NH(4)(+)-N and Mn(2+)) was achieved using a biological aerated filter under various operating conditions. Thus, the strain could act as an effective microbe of AOB and a MnOB for the simultaneous removal of NH(4)(+)-N and Mn(2+).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. simiabuhasan@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hassimi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abu Hasan
authors.forename: Siti Rozaimah Sheikh
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Noorhisham Tan
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Kofli
authors.forename: Siti Kartom
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kamarudin
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D018441:Biofilms; D015342:DNA Probes; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014873:Water Pollutants; D008345:Manganese; D000641:Ammonia