title: No red cell alloimmunization or change of clinical outcome after using fresh frozen cancellous allograft bone for acetabular reconstruction in revision hip arthroplasty: a follow up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Possible immunization to blood group or other antigens and subsequent inhibition of remodeling or incorporation after use of untreated human bone allograft was described previously. This study presents the immunological, clinical and radiological results of 30 patients with acetabular revisions using fresh frozen non-irradiated bone allograft.
  
  
  METHODS
  AB0-incompatible (donor-recipient) bone transplantation was performed in 22 cases, Rh(D) incompatible transplantation in 6 cases. The mean follow up of 23 months included measuring Harris hip score and radiological examination with evaluation of remodeling of the bone graft, implant migration and heterotopic ossification. In addition, all patients were screened for alloimmunization to Rh blood group antigens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the whole study group, there were no differences in clinical or radiological measurements for the groups with AB0- or Rh(D)-incompatible bone transplantation. The mean Harris Hip Score was 80.6. X-rays confirmed total remodeling of all allografts with no acetabular loosening. At follow up, blood tests revealed no alloimmunization to Rh blood group donor antigens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of fresh frozen non-irradiated bone allograft in acetabular revision is a reliable supplement to reconstruction. The risk of alloimmunization to donor-blood group antigens after AB0- or Rh-incompatible allograft transplantation with a negative long-term influence on bone-remodeling or the clinical outcome is negligible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Falk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mittag
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Straub
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kluba
authors.forename: Ingmar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ipach
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology; D000077:Acetabulum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001787:Blood Group Incompatibility; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D007518:Isoantibodies; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System