title: Innate immune recognition of HIV-1.
abstract: In contrast to the extraordinary body of knowledge gained over the past three decades on the virology, pathogenesis, and immunology of HIV-1 infection, innate sensors that detect HIV-1 had remained elusive until recently. By virtue of integration, retroviridae makes up a substantial portion of our genome. Thus, immune strategies that deal with endogenous retroviruses are, by necessity, those of self-preservation and not of virus elimination. Some of the principles of such strategies may also apply for defense against exogenous retroviruses including HIV-1. Here, I highlight several sensors that have recently been revealed to be capable of recognizing distinct features of HIV-1 infection, while taking into account the host-retrovirus relationship that converges on avoiding pathogenic inflammatory consequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. akiko.iwasaki@yale.edu
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D018448:Models, Immunological; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors