title: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in the podiatric patient.
abstract: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a severely debilitating disease that was first described in the literature by Cowper and colleagues in 2000. It is pertinent to the field of podiatry because patients with NSF first manifest cutaneous symptoms in the lower extremity in the form of fibrosing lesions. To date, these lesions have been documented only in people with moderate to severe kidney failure. There is speculation that gadolinium, used as a contrast agent for imaging, might be the inciting factor that triggers a cascade of events that results in the inappropriate fibrosis both in the dermis and in deeper tissues. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis has been shown to cause these lesions in the lungs, pleura, diaphragm, myocardium, pericardium, and dura mater, the presence of which are typically indicative of severe progression of NSF. In cases where the lesions are manifest in the periarticular tissue, joint contractures and restricted range of motion can often result. We provide a quick synopsis of NSF, and a short case study that describes the authors' experience with one of their patients who requested a surgical consult as a result of being wheelchair-bound due to NSF's sequelae.
authors.affiliation: East Valley Foot and Ankle Specialists, Mesa, AZ, USA. lfreed1@cox.net
authors.forename: Lewis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.forename: Josh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gooch
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D056364:Colloid Cysts / Q000601:surgery; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects; D005531:Foot Deformities, Acquired / Q000209:etiology*; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D054989:Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium