title: Low-level-laser irradiation induces photorelaxation in coronary arteries and overcomes vasospasm of internal thoracic arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) seems to induce vasodilation besides many other known biological effects, LLLI has been increasingly used in therapy of medical conditions with various irradiation parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LLLI on photorelaxation of human coronary and internal thoracic arteries (ITA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty vessel segments of ITA used for routine coronary artery bypass grafting as well as left anterior descending coronary arteries (LAD) of patients undergoing cardiac transplantation were cut into 4-mm rings stored in a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution and evaluated in a myograph. Both types of vessel segments were irradiated by a semiconductor non-thermal GaAs diode laser operating at a wavelength of 680 nm. After precontraction with thromboxane agonist U44619, respective relaxation responses were evaluated and compared to pharmacological dilatation induced by substance P.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pharmacological vasodilation by substance P was 22.6 ± 3.3%, 12.8 ± 1.4%, and 20.4 ± 3.2% in macroscopic healthy LAD, LAD with atheromatous plaque, and ITA, respectively. Average photorelaxation induced by LLLI was 16.5 ± 2.0%, 1.9 ± 1.7%, and 6.8 ± 4.7%, accordingly. Vasodilatatory responses induced either by substance P or administration of LLLI were significantly decreased in LAD with atheromatous plaque (P < 0.0001). Vasospasms of ITA segments occurring during experiments could be abandoned when LLLI was administered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Macroscopic healthy LAD exposed to LLLI revealed significant photorelaxation. With the administration of LLLI, 73% of the maximal obtainable effect by an endothelium-dependent vasodilator could be reached. Furthermore, LLLI has the potential to overcome vasospasms of ITA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II; Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Plass
authors.forename: Georg M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Wieselthaler
authors.forename: Bruno K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Podesser
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Prusa
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000368:Aged; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D013373:Substance P; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid