title: Effect of cued training on motor evoked potential and cortical silent period in people with Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether training under visual cues could enhance motor cortical excitability and intracortical inhibition in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a single blinded cross-over study. Eight individuals with PD received two sessions of 30-min pinch-grip training with and without visual cues. The visual cue was given in form of an arrow that indicated the pre-set force level on a computer screen. Outcome measures consisted of peak motor evoked potential (MEP) and cortical silent period (CSP) of the first dorsal interosseus as well as behavioural tests including Purdue pegboard test, tapping speed in 30s, and the maximum pinch grip force exerted by the thumb and index finger.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After cued training, there were significant increases in the peak MEP, CSP duration and tapping speed (all p<0.05). In contrast, there was no change in all outcome measures after training under the non-cued condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thirty minutes of pinch-grip training with visual cues could enhance motor cortical excitability and intracortical inhibition in individuals with PD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings on the neurophysiological changes after cued-training may inform further clinical application of visual cues to maximize motor improvement and corticomotor plasticity in people with PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong. rsmmak@inet.polyu.edu.hk
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hallett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003463:Cues; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*