title: Rhabdomyolysis associated with influenza A/H1N1 2009 infection in a pediatric patient.
abstract: The influenza A/H1N1 2009 epidemic has spread to many countries since 2009, including Japan. We report an immune-competent child involving rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome associated with influenza A/H1N1 2009. The patient was demonstrated rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, hyperkalemia, cardiac dysfunction and compartment syndrome that arose during convalescence from influenza A/H1N1 2009 infection. Although RT-PCR of muscle tissue yielded negative results for influenza A/H1N1 2009 RNA and no viral positive-antigen cells were detected in the muscle lesions, the clinical picture suggested rhabdomyolysis associated with influenza A/H1N1. Rhabdomyolysis should be considered in the evaluation of muscle symptoms such as myalgia associated with novel influenza A/H1N1 2009 virus infection, particularly in critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan. ishiwada@faculty.chiba-u.jp
authors.forename: Naruhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishiwada
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okunushi
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hishiki
authors.forename: Harutaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katano
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*