title: Use of intra-aortic balloon pump in cardiac surgery: analysis of 80 consecutive cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  About 10% to 15% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery may develop low cardiac output syndrome in the perioperative period; of this total, 2% require mechanical support for adequate hemodynamic control.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the mortality rates of patients who required the use of IABP in the perioperative or postoperative period of cardiac surgery, identifying preoperative variables associated with a worse outcome, as well as to describe the postoperative complications and medium-term survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study including 80 consecutive cases between January/2009 and September/ 2011. The patients had on average 62.9 ± 11.3 years and 58.8% were male; 81.3% were hypertensive, 50.0% had prior myocardial infarction and 38.8% has NYHA III/IV heart failure. The mainsurgery performed was isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (37.5%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hospital mortality was 53.8% (IC 95%: 42.7-64.9), and cross-clamp time > 90 minutes was an independent predictor of mortality in multivariate analysis (OR 1.52 CI 95%: 1.04-2.22). 71.3% of patients (CI 95%: 61.2-81.4) had at least one additional complication in the perioperative period, with lower limb ischemia observed in 5.0% patients. One-year survival was 43.6%, with a plateau in survival rates after a sharp initial drop, related to hospital mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients who require IABP comprise a group of very high risk for morbidity and mortality. IABP use, however, enables the recovery of many patients from an evolution that would invariably be fatal, and patients discharged from hospital have a good medium-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pivatto Júnior
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Tagliari
authors.forename: Anderlise Bard
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Luvizetto
authors.forename: Edemar Manuel Costa
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Erci Maria Onzi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Siliprandi
authors.forename: Ivo Abrahão
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Nesralla
authors.forename: Rodrigo Pires
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Renato Abdala Karam
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kalil
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000628:therapy; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000401:mortality*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D059035:Perioperative Period; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome