title: Cocaine intoxication.
abstract: Cocaine, a natural alkaloid derived from the coca plant, is one of the most commonly abused illicit drugs. Cocaine is commonly abused by inhalation, nasal insufflation, and intravenous injection, resulting in many adverse effects that ensue from local anesthetic, vasoconstrictive, sympathomimetic, psychoactive, and prothrombotic mechanisms. Cocaine can affect all body systems and the clinical presentation may primarily result from organ toxicity. Among the most severe complications are seizures, hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes, myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, rhabdomyolysis, mesenteric ischemia, acute renal injury and multiple organ failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. janicez@tmhs.org
authors.forename: Janice L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000506:poisoning*; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000506:poisoning*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D003042:Cocaine