title: Expression of p16 alone does not differentiate between Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas show overlapping histopathologic features, often making the diagnosis challenging. The p16 protein functions as a tumor suppressor and loss of its expression may be seen in some melanomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 18 Spitz nevi and 19 Spitzoid melanomas from the Yale Spitzoid Neoplasm Repository for p16 expression. A staining intensity score (SIS) was calculated by multiplying a score for the percentage of stained cells (0-3) by a score for staining intensity (0-3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Staining with p16 was positive in 15/18 (83%) Spitz nevi and 15/19 (79%) Spitzoid melanomas (p = 0.73). Both Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas had a similar SISs, 4.9 and 3.8, respectively (p = 0.057). All 19 patients with Spitzoid melanomas had poor outcome with either death (6 patients) or metastases (13 patients) at a median (3 years) and mean (5.4 years) follow up. In contrast, all 18 patients with Spitz nevi had a benign course with no adverse events at a median (4 years) and mean (4 years) follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no significant difference in p16 staining in Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas. We conclude that p16 does not appear to be a useful immunohistochemical marker in distinguishing between Spitz nevi and Spitzoid melanomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Jade
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wititsuwannakul
authors.forename: Vincent R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Klump
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lott
authors.forename: Rossitza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lazova
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D018332:Nevus, Epithelioid and Spindle Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16