title: Relative validity of an FFQ to estimate daily food and nutrient intakes for Chilean adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  FFQ are commonly used to rank individuals by their food and nutrient intakes in large epidemiological studies. The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate an FFQ to rank individuals participating in an ongoing Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study in Chile.
  
  
  METHODS
  An FFQ and four 24 h dietary recalls were completed over 1 year. Pearson correlation coefficients, energy-adjusted and de-attenuated correlations and weighted kappa were computed between the dietary recalls and the FFQ. The level of agreement between the two dietary assessment methods was evaluated by Bland-Altman analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Temuco, Chile.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall, 166 women and men enrolled in the present study. One hundred men and women participated in FFQ development and sixty-six individuals participated in FFQ validation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FFQ consisted of 109 food items. For nutrients, the crude correlation coefficients between the dietary recalls and FFQ varied from 0.14 (protein) to 0.44 (fat). Energy adjustment and de-attenuation improved correlation coefficients and almost all correlation coefficients exceeded 0.40. Similar correlation coefficients were observed for food groups; the highest de-attenuated energy adjusted correlation coefficient was found for margarine and butter (0.75) and the lowest for potatoes (0.12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FFQ showed moderate to high agreement for most nutrients and food groups, and can be used to rank individuals based on energy, nutrient and food intakes. The validation study was conducted in a unique setting and indicated that the tool is valid for use by adults in Chile.
authors.affiliation: Population Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Mahshid.Dehghan@phri.ca
authors.forename: Mahshid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dehghan
authors.forename: Solange
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Xiaohe
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seron
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lanas
authors.forename: Shofiqul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Anwar T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Merchant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002677:Chile; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012424:Rural Population; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D018977:Micronutrients