title: Identification of upregulated genes in oral squamous cell carcinomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral cancer is the most common subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). These tumors often have an aggressive clinical outcome hallmarked by a propensity for local invasion and regional nodal metastasis. Upregulated genes could be useful as markers for diagnosis, prognosis, and as new drug targets for these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  To identify upregulated genes in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSSCs), we examined the ORESTES public database and used a quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) approach to determine the expression level of selected genes in tumor samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ORESTES data mining analysis indicated 40 upregulated genes in HNSCC. Nine of these candidate genes were selected for further qRT-PCR validation and 3 of them (ALDOA, AHSA1, and POLQ) were frequently found upregulated in OSCC samples, which may indicate an association of these genes with the carcinogenesis process in this tumor site and they can constitute potential new targets for therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, A. C. Camargo Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, São Paulo Branch, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lessa
authors.forename: Antonio Hugo J F M
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Carlos Elias de
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Felipe Rodrigues da
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Luiz Paulo
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: André Lopes
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: André Luiz
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Vettore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001938:Brazil; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077195:Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D012334:RNA, Neoplasm