title: A road map toward a globally harmonized approach for occupational health surveillance and epidemiology in nanomaterial workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Few epidemiological studies have addressed the health of workers exposed to novel manufactured nanomaterials. The small current workforce will necessitate pooling international cohorts.
  
  
  METHODS
  A road map was defined for a globally harmonized framework for the careful choice of materials, exposure characterization, identification of study populations, definition of health endpoints, evaluation of appropriateness of study designs, data collection and analysis, and interpretation of the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We propose a road map to reach global consensus on these issues. The proposed strategy should ensure that the costs of action are not disproportionate to the potential benefits and that the approach is pragmatic and practical.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We should aim to go beyond the collection of health complaints, illness statistics, or even counts of deaths; the manifestation of such clear endpoints would indicate a failure of preventive measures.
authors.affiliation: IST Institut universitaire romand de Santé au Travail Institute for Work and Health, Université de Lausanne + Genève, Lausanne, Switzerland. michael.riediker@hospvd.ch
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riediker
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Schubauer-Berigan
authors.forename: Derk H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nelissen
authors.forename: Gudrun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koppen
authors.forename: Evelien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frijns
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoeck
authors.forename: Saou-Hsing
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Sweet Far
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bergamaschi
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gibson
mesh_terms: D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*