title: [Preparation and biocompatibility of a novel biomimetic osteochondral scaffold: collagen-chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite-collagen-polylactic acid].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prepare collagen-chitosan/nano-hydroxyapatite-collagen-polylactic acid (Col-CS/nHAC-PLA) biomimetic scaffold and to examine its biocompatibility so as to lay the foundation for its application on the treatment of osteochondral defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  PLA was dissolved in dioxane for getting final concentration of 8%, and the nHAC power was added at a weight ratio of nHAC to PLA, 1 : 1. The solution was poured into a mold and frozen. CS and Col were dissolved in 2% acetum for getting the final concentrations of 2% and 1% respectively, then compounded at a weight ratio of CS to Col, 20 : 1. The solution was poured into the frozen mold containing nHAC-PLA, and then biomimetic osteochondral scaffold of Col-CS/nHAC-PLA was prepared by freeze-drying. Acute systemic toxicity test, intracutaneous stimulation test, pyrogen test, hemolysis test, cytotoxicity test, and bone implant test were performed to evaluate its biocompatibility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Col-CS/nHAC-PLA had no acute systemic toxicity. Primary irritation index was 0, indicating that Col-CS/nHAC-PLA had very slight skin irritation. In pyrogen test, the increasing temperature of each rabbit was less than 0.6 degrees C, and the increasing temperature sum of 3 rabbits was less than 1.3 degrees C, which was consistent with the evaluation criteria. Hemolytic rate of Col-CS/nHAC-PLA was 1.38% (far less than 5%). The toxicity grade of Col-CS/nHAC-PLA was classified as grade I. Bone implant test showed that Col-CS/nHAC-PLA had good biocompatibility with the surrounding tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Col-CS/nHAC-PLA scaffold has good biocompatibility, which can be used as an alternative osteochondral scaffold.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou Fujian 350004, PR China. jianhua0918@126.com
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Wenping
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chaoyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shenggui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; C509317:nano-hydroxyapatite-collagen; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D003094:Collagen; D048271:Chitosan; D017886:Durapatite