title: Manure pit injuries: Rare, deadly, and preventable.
abstract: A male worker entered an underground manure pit and lost consciousness. His coworker tried to rescue him and also lost consciousness in the pit. Emergency service arrived in minutes and removed both of them from the pit. Both men suffered anoxic brain injury and died in the hospital. Cases from Iowa Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation Program Data Base program were reviewed. Occupational mortality rate was found to be 7.4 per 10,000 per year for occupational deaths related to agriculture compared to 3.1 per 10,000 per year for deaths not related to agriculture. In most of the cases associated with sewage or livestock waste handling, victims died of asphyxiation. While manure pit injury is rare, it has an extremely high fatality rate. The most effective strategy to decrease mortality is active prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hallam
authors.forename: Junlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Choi