title: Expression of microRNAs in urinary bladder samples obtained from dogs with grossly normal bladders, inflammatory bladder disease, or transitional cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine expression of microRNA (miRNA) in urinary bladder samples obtained from dogs with grossly normal urinary bladders, inflammatory bladder disease, or transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and in cells of established canine TCC cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of grossly normal bladders (n = 4) and bladders from dogs with inflammatory bladder disease (13) or TCC (18), and cells of 5 established canine TCC cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of 5 miRNAs (miR-34a, let-7c, miR-16, miR-103b, and miR-106b) that target p53, Rb, or Bcl-2 protein pathways was determined for bladder samples and cells via quantitative real-time PCR assay. Effects of cisplatin (5μM) on proliferation and miRNA expression of cells were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of miR-34a and miR-106b was significantly higher in TCC samples than it was in samples of grossly normal bladders. Expression of miR-34a, miR-16, miR-103b, and miR-106b was higher in TCC samples than it was in bladder samples from dogs with inflammatory bladder disease. Cells of established canine TCC cell lines that had the lowest growth after cisplatin treatment had increased miR-34a expression after such treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings of this study indicated results of miRNA expression assays can be used to distinguish between samples of grossly normal bladders and bladders of dogs with inflammatory bladder disease or TCC. This finding may have clinical relevance because currently available diagnostic tests cannot be used to differentiate these tissues, and inflammatory bladder disease and TCC are both prevalent in dogs. Validation of miRNA expression assays as diagnostic tests may be warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. rvinall@calpharm.org
authors.forename: Ruth L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Vinall
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Ralph W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: deVere White
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003556:Cystitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D035683:MicroRNAs; D002945:Cisplatin