title: Neural progenitor cells derived from adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote neuronal regeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is well known that neural stem/progenitor cells (NS/PC) are an ideal cell type for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disease. However, ethical problems have severely hampered fetal NS/PC from being widely used as a source for stem cell therapy. Recently, it has been demonstrated that autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) can transdifferentiate into neural progenitor cells (NPC). The biological function of BMSC derived NPC (MDNPC) in neuronal systems remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether MDNPC can promote in vitro neural regeneration, a process comprising mainly the generation of neurons and neurotransmitters.
  
  
  METHODS
  We co-cultured BMSC, MDNPC or fetal NS/PC with PC12 cells and studied their roles on proliferation, neurite formation and dopamine release from PC12 cells. Furthermore, we also explored the mechanisms by which MDNPC regulate dopamine secretion from PC12 derived neural cells using Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that both MDNPC and NS/PC had similar morphologies and there were no significant differences between MDNPC and NS/PC in promoting PC12 cell proliferation, neurite outgrowth, and dopamine release. We also demonstrated that NS/PC induced dopamine secretion was associated with an upregulation of dopamine transporter (DAT) levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, MDNPC were comparable to NS/PC in promoting neural regeneration, indicating that MDNPC are a promising candidate source of neural stem cells for the treatment of neurological diseases.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital and Cardiovascular Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. tangyue1226@vip.sina.com
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yong-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Xiao-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ai-Li
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Guang-Fu
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Fu-Liang
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Jia-Kang
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Li-Ke
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D026481:Blotting, Far-Western; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D004298:Dopamine