title: Antioxidant profile of Trifolium pratense L.
abstract: In order to examine the antioxidant properties of five different extracts of Trifolium pratense L. (Leguminosae) leaves, various assays which measure free radical scavenging ability were carried out: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl, superoxide anion and nitric oxide radical scavenger capacity tests and lipid peroxidation assay. In all of the tests, only the H2O and (to some extent) the EtOAc extracts showed a potent antioxidant effect compared with BHT and BHA, well-known synthetic antioxidants. In addition, in vivo experiments were conducted with antioxidant systems (activities of GSHPx, GSHR, Px, CAT, XOD, GSH content and intensity of LPx) in liver homogenate and blood of mice after their treatment with extracts of T. pratense leaves, or in combination with CCl4. Besides, in the extracts examined the total phenolic and flavonoid amounts were also determined, together with presence of the selected flavonoids: quercetin, luteolin, apigenin, naringenin and kaempferol, which were studied using a HPLC-DAD technique. HPLC-DAD analysis showed a noticeable content of natural products according to which the examined Trifolium pratense species could well be regarded as a promising new source of bioactive natural compounds, which can be used both as a food supplement and a remedy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia. biljana.kaurinovic@dh.uns.ac.rs
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaurinovic
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.forename: Sanja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vlaisavljevic
authors.forename: Heidy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwartsova
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vojinovic-Miloradov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D029921:Trifolium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl