title: Heterotopic ossification in orthopaedic trauma.
abstract: Heterotopic ossification (HO) can be defined as the pathologic formation of bone in extraskeletal tissues. There has been a substantial amount of recent research on the pathophysiology, prophylaxis, and treatment of HO and traumatic conditions associated with the development of HO. This research has advanced our understanding of this disease and helped to clarify evidence-based approaches to both the prophylaxis and treatment of HO. This article reviews the literature on these topics with a focus on their application in orthopaedic trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedics, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nauth
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.forename: Benjamin K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Leon J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Nesti
authors.forename: Frederick P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Oʼbrien
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bosse
authors.forename: Jeffrey O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Anglen
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Jaimo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miclau
authors.forename: Emil H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Schemitsch
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal