title: Hyperinsulin therapy for calcium channel antagonist poisoning:  a seven-year retrospective study.
abstract: The use of hyperinsulin therapy (HIT) in severe calcium channel antagonist (CCA) poisoning has become a more common therapy within the last decade. The objective of this study is to report 7 years of experience recommending HIT. This was a retrospective chart review utilizing our regional poison center (RPC) data from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2008. All cases of CCA poisoning receiving HIT were searched. Endpoints included the number of CCA cases utilizing HIT, insulin dose, time of initiation of HIT, patient outcome, adverse events, age, glucose concentration, and lowest systolic blood pressure recorded. Forty-six cases of CCA poisoning were managed with HIT over 7 years. All the patients received standard antidotal therapy (= intravenous fluids, calcium salts, glucagon, and pressors). HIT administration followed our RPC recommendation 23 times (50%), and no hypoglycemic events occurred. Means (age, highest glucose measured, and lowest systolic blood pressure measured) were 51 years, 282 mg/dL, and 74 mm Hg, respectively. Our RPC recommendations for HIT were followed 50% of the time over the last 7 years. In light of the lack of hypoglycemia associated with HIT in our study population, we recommend HIT as an early and safe antidote in significant CCA poisoning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Tamara R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.forename: Sean M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: Steve E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Aks
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000506:poisoning*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D007328:Insulin