title: Cell culture assays to evaluate bacterial toxicity and virulence.
abstract: Helicobacter pylori CagA and VacA are two critical virulence factors that modulate disease severity in the infected host. The following chapter outlines methods employed to study the effects of these virulence factors on several key signaling pathways in epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Deepa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rizzuti
authors.forename: Nicola L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000633:toxicity; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000633:toxicity; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016207:Cytokines; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C074689:VacA protein, Helicobacter pylori; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori