title: Sequence comparison alignment-free approach based on suffix tree and L-words frequency.
abstract: The vast majority of methods available for sequence comparison rely on a first sequence alignment step, which requires a number of assumptions on evolutionary history and is sometimes very difficult or impossible to perform due to the abundance of gaps (insertions/deletions). In such cases, an alternative alignment-free method would prove valuable. Our method starts by a computation of a generalized suffix tree of all sequences, which is completed in linear time. Using this tree, the frequency of all possible words with a preset length L-L-words--in each sequence is rapidly calculated. Based on the L-words frequency profile of each sequence, a pairwise standard Euclidean distance is then computed producing a symmetric genetic distance matrix, which can be used to generate a neighbor joining dendrogram or a multidimensional scaling graph. We present an improvement to word counting alignment-free approaches for sequence comparison, by determining a single optimal word length and combining suffix tree structures to the word counting tasks. Our approach is, thus, a fast and simple application that proved to be efficient and powerful when applied to mitochondrial genomes. The algorithm was implemented in Python language and is freely available on the web.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, 4169 Porto, Portugal. isoares@ipatimup.pt
authors.forename: Inês
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goios
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amorim
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D010802:Phylogeny; D011323:Primates / Q000235:genetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D012984:Software; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial