title: Feelings of disgust and disgust-induced avoidance weaken following induced sexual arousal in women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sex and disgust are basic, evolutionary relevant functions that are often construed as paradoxical. In general the stimuli involved in sexual encounters are, at least out of context strongly perceived to hold high disgust qualities. Saliva, sweat, semen and body odours are among the strongest disgust elicitors. This results in the intriguing question of how people succeed in having pleasurable sex at all. One possible explanation could be that sexual engagement temporarily reduces the disgust eliciting properties of particular stimuli or that sexual engagement might weaken the hesitation to actually approach these stimuli.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were healthy women (n = 90) randomly allocated to one of three groups: the sexual arousal, the non-sexual positive arousal, or the neutral control group. Film clips were used to elicit the relevant mood state. Participants engaged in 16 behavioural tasks, involving sex related (e.g., lubricate the vibrator) and non-sex related (e.g., take a sip of juice with a large insect in the cup) stimuli, to measure the impact of sexual arousal on feelings of disgust and actual avoidance behaviour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sexual arousal group rated the sex related stimuli as less disgusting compared to the other groups. A similar tendency was evident for the non-sex disgusting stimuli. For both the sex and non-sex related behavioural tasks the sexual arousal group showed less avoidance behaviour (i.e., they conducted the highest percentage of tasks compared to the other groups).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has investigated how sexual arousal interplays with disgust and disgust eliciting properties in women, and has demonstrated that this relationship goes beyond subjective report by affecting the actual approach to disgusting stimuli. Hence, this could explain how we still manage to engage in pleasurable sexual activity. Moreover, these findings suggest that low sexual arousal might be a key feature in the maintenance of particular sexual dysfunctions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. c.borg@med.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Charmaine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borg
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: de Jong
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D057566:Self Report; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult