title: Cellular uptake of covalent poly(allylamine hydrochloride) microcapsules and its influences on cell functions.
abstract: The mechanism of the cellular uptake of polyelectrolyte microcapsules and its influences on the functions and toxicity of human SMCs are explored. The covalently assembled poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/glutaraldehyde microcapsules are easily ingested by SMCs mainly through macropinosis and caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathways. The capsules mainly disperse in cytoplasm without colocalization in early endosomes and cell nucleus. The results of gene chips reveal substantial and profound alternation of cell phenotypes and functions. Uptake of the microcapsules cause a slight decrease of cell viability, but leads to significant changes in cytoskeleton organization, cell cycle, as well as cell adhesion and migration ability.
authors.affiliation: MOE of Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Changyou
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D002214:Capsules / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011073:Polyamines; C063994:polyallylamine; D005976:Glutaral