title: Music's use for anesthesia and analgesia.
abstract: This review article provides an overview of published data regarding the involvement of music in anesthesia practice. Music is an important topic for research in different fields of anesthesiology. The use of music preoperatively is aimed at reducing anxiety, stress, and fear. However, the effect of music on perception of pain intraoperatively is controversial, according to studies of both adults and children undergoing various surgical procedures under general and/or regional anesthesia. In postoperative pain management, postanesthesia care, and neonatal intensive care, music can be a complementary method for reducing pain, anxiety, and stress. Music is a mild anxiolytic, but it is relatively ineffective when a pain stimulus is severe. However, music is inexpensive, easily administered, and free of adverse effects, and as such, can serve as complementary method for treating perioperative stress and for acute and chronic pain management, even though music's effectiveness depends on each individual patient's disposition and severity of pain stimulus.
authors.affiliation: 2 nd Department of Anesthesiology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Chaidari, Athens, Greece. matsota@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: Paraskevi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matsota
authors.forename: Theodora
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Christodoulopoulou
authors.forename: Maria Eleni
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Smyrnioti
authors.forename: Ageliki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandazi
authors.forename: Ilias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kanellopoulos
authors.forename: Evgenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koursoumi
authors.forename: Periandros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karamanis
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kostopanagiotou
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009146:Music; D009147:Music Therapy; D059408:Pain Management / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D010465:Perception; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000628:therapy*