title: The effect of temperature and contact time of sodium hypochlorite on human roots infected with Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2.5 % NaOCl at different temperature and time intervals on Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans-infected human roots. A total of 112 root cylinders prepared from extracted single-rooted humans were infected by E. faecalis (Group A, n = 56) or C. albicans (Group B, n = 56); 3 root cylinders served as negative controls. Both groups were further divided into 6 subgroups according to three contact times (30 s, 1 min, 5 min) with NaOCl at two different temperatures (25 or 37 °C). Microorganism growth was controlled at the 24th and 48th hours. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. While NaOCl at 25 °C for 5 min was the most effective irrigation regimen to eliminate E. faecalis (p < 0.001), NaOCl at 37 °C for 5 min exhibited significantly superior antifungal properties (p < 0.05). At the same contact times, difference in the temperature of NaOCl did not affect the growth of either E. faecalis or C. albicans. As a result, the irrigation time of NaOCl was more effective than the temperature to eliminate E. faecalis, while pre-heating of NaOCl to 37 °C increased its effectiveness on C. albicans at 5 min contact time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulsahi
authors.forename: R Ebru
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Tirali
authors.forename: S Burcak
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Cehreli
authors.forename: Zeynep Ceren
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Karahan
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uzunoglu
authors.forename: Bizden
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sabuncuoglu
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013696:Temperature; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite