title: Feed-forward inhibition of androgen receptor activity by glucocorticoid action in human adipocytes.
abstract: We compared transcriptomes of terminally differentiated mouse 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes to identify cell-specific differences. Gene expression and high content analysis (HCA) data identified the androgen receptor (AR) as both expressed and functional, exclusively during early human adipocyte differentiation. The AR agonist dihydrotestosterone (DHT) inhibited human adipocyte maturation by downregulation of adipocyte marker genes, but not in 3T3-L1. It is interesting that AR induction corresponded with dexamethasone activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR); however, when exposed to the differentiation cocktail required for adipocyte maturation, AR adopted an antagonist conformation and was transcriptionally repressed. To further explore effectors within the cocktail, we applied an image-based support vector machine (SVM) classification scheme to show that adipocyte differentiation components inhibit AR action. The results demonstrate human adipocyte differentiation, via GR activation, upregulates AR but also inhibits AR transcriptional activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Sean M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hartig
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Justin Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Newberg
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ochsner
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Loose
authors.forename: Rainer B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lanz
authors.forename: Neil J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Buehrer
authors.forename: Sean E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcelli
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mancini
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D060388:Support Vector Machine; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone