title: Overview of non-invasive factors (low level laser and low intensity pulsed ultrasound) accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment.
abstract: The need for orthodontic treatment is increasing all the time. As the treatment is time consuming ranging from a year to several years, any method of reducing the period of treatment and increasing the quality of the tissue will be beneficial to patients. The use of non-invasive techniques such as low level laser therapy and low intensity pulsed ultasound in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement are promising. Thus, this overview study will help to generate more understanding about the background information and the possible applications of them in daily orthodontics, depending on previous literature searching for reviews and original research articles.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontic Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia, dr.mohammedalazzawi@ymail.com.
authors.forename: Mohammed Mahmood
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Jawad
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Husein
authors.forename: Mohammad Khursheed
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Rozita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Rumaizi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shaari
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends