title: Frequency and severity of the dawn phenomenon in type 2 diabetes: relationship to age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To know whether age has an independent effect on the dawn phenomenon in noninsulin-using type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-one individuals with type 2 diabetes were matched for HbA(1c) and divided by age into three subgroups of 27 individuals (1: ≥70 years; 2: 60-69 years; and 3: ≤59 years). All underwent ambulatory continuous glucose monitoring for quantifying the dawn phenomenon (i.e., the absolute [∂G, mg/dL] or relative [∂G%] increments from nocturnal nadirs to prebreakfast time points).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HbA(1c) levels and 24-h glycemic profiles were similar across the three groups. Glucose increments (mean ± SEM) were identical in the three groups: ∂G (mg/dL), 22.0 ± 4.7 (1), 21.3 ± 3.6 (2), and 18.0 ± 3.6 (3) and δG (%), 19.9 ± 4.9 (1), 21.6 ± 4.4 (2), and 17.6 ± 4.2 (3). Using the most common definition (∂G >10 mg/dL), the prevalence of the dawn phenomenon was 52, 70, and 59% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dawn phenomenon is present in the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Research University Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France. louis.monnier@inserm.fr
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Monnier
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colette
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sardinoux
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baptista
authors.forename: Alyne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Regnier-Zerbib
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Owens
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin