title: Craniospinal pressure-volume dynamics in phantom models.
abstract: Regulation of intracranial pressure (ICP) is vital to proper brain function. Pathologic conditions such as traumatic brain injury and hydrocephalus can cause lethal changes in ICP through an imbalance of fluid passage into and out of the craniospinal space. The relationship between craniospinal volume and pressure determines to a large extent whether such imbalance can be compensated or if it will lead to neuronal damage. Phantom models are predisposed for the evaluation of medical procedures and devices that alter volume in the spinal or cranial space. However, current phantoms have substantial limitations in the reproduction of craniospinal pressure-volume relationships, which need to be overcome prior to their deployment outside the basic research setting. We present herein a novel feedback controlled phantom for the reproduction of any physiologic or pathologic pressure-volume relation. We compare its performance to those of existing passive methods, showing that it follows reference curves more precisely during both infusion of large volumes and fast oscillatory volume changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Institute for Dynamic Systems and Control, ETH Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid Daners
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bottan
authors.forename: Lino
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guzzella
authors.forename: Dimos
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poulikakos
authors.forename: Vartan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kurtcuoglu
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology*; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted