title: Combination of apoptin with photodynamic therapy induces nasopharyngeal             carcinoma cell death in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Photodynamic therapy has been developed as a viable treatment for cancer,             while apoptin is an apoptosis-inducing protein. This study was undertaken to evaluate             the feasibility and efficacy of apoptin with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the             treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). RT-PCR and western blotting were             used to detect the expression of apoptin in CNE-2 NPC cells. MTT and flow cytometry             analysis were used to detect cell proliferation and cell apoptosis, respectively.             Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe cell structures. Hematoxylin             and eosin staining was used to observe the xenograft morphology. The expression             of apoptin was analyzed by RT-PCR and western blotting in CNE-2 cells stably transfected             with PVP3 plasmid. Apoptin restrained cell proliferation and enhanced cell apoptosis             compared to controls. Furthermore, we demonstrated that apoptin augmented the             effect of PDT with stronger cell proliferation restraint and cell apoptosis and             induced severe ultrastructural morphology changes compared to controls. Additionally,             we found that the combination of apoptin and PDT produced the strongest inhibition             of xenograft growth and tumor necrosis in in vivo experiments. Collectively, we             show that apoptin in combination with PDT has a better therapeutic effect in NPC             than PDT therapy or apoptin gene therapy alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jinyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Yaoyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Weihong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Suping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002277:Carcinoma; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D000077274:Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; C091717:VP3 protein, Chicken anemia virus