title: [Epidemiological profile of late mortality in severe polytraumatisms].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A study is made of the epidemiology, chronogramand causes of late mortality in traumatized patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, observational cohort study of adult trauma patients was carried out.
  
  
  METHODS
  Province of Guipúzcoa (Basque Country, Spain). Intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with severe trauma (Injury Severity Score > 15), admitted to the ICU from January 1995 to December 2009, with late death (> 7 days).
  
  
  METHODS
  Epidemiological, laboratory test, hemodynamic and transfusional data were collected. Severity scores: Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) and ISS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients: 2003; ISS: 24.3±14.2. Total deaths: 405 (20%). Late mortality (>7 days): 102 (25.2%) patients, 9 years older and with a lower (18 points) ISS score than the patients who died early (48 hours). Most frequent injuries: AIS-Head-Cervical spine ≥ 4 (52%); AIS-Abdomen ≥ 4 (19.6%); AIS-Chest ≥ 4 (11.7%); AIS-Extremities ≥ 4 (4.9%). Causes of death: 1) brain death (14.7%); 2) multiorgan failure (67.6%), in two injury contexts: a) severe brain trauma in the vegetative state and high spinal cord injuries with tetraplegia (35.3%); and b) non-neurological injuries (32.3%) with a high prevalence of hypovolemic shock, multiple transfusion and coagulopathy; 3) miscellaneous (10.7%): post-resuscitation anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, pulmonary embolism and massive stroke; 4) non-evaluable (7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age, severity and type of injuries have an influence upon the time distribution and causality of late mortality. Brain death remains predominant, with multiorgan failure as the most frequent cause. This knowledge should contribute to the identification of problems, and to better organization of the structural and educational resources, thereby reducing the likely factors leading to death from trauma.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario Donosita, San Sebastián, Donostia, España. falberdi1952@telefonica.net
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alberdi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azaldegui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zabarte
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Atutxa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santacana
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Elósegui
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iriarte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pascal
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cabarcos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors