title: Phosphatidylcholine and the CDP-choline cycle.
abstract: The CDP-choline pathway of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) biosynthesis was first described more than 50 years ago. Investigation of the CDP-choline pathway in yeast provides a basis for understanding the CDP-choline pathway in mammals. PtdCho is considered as an intermediate in a cycle of synthesis and degradation, and the activity of a CDP-choline cycle is linked to subcellular membrane lipid movement. The components of the mammalian CDP-choline pathway include choline transport, choline kinase, phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase, and choline phosphotransferase activities. The protein isoforms and biochemical mechanisms of regulation of the pathway enzymes are related to their cell- and tissue-specific functions. Regulated PtdCho turnover mediated by phospholipases or neuropathy target esterase participates in the mammalian CDP-choline cycle. Knockout mouse models define the biological functions of the CDP-choline cycle in mammalian cells and tissues. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Phospholipids and Phospholipid Metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fagone
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jackowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D002797:Choline Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D019916:Choline-Phosphate Cytidylyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004075:Diglycerides; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline; D002797:Choline Kinase; D019916:Choline-Phosphate Cytidylyltransferase; D002794:Choline