title: Characteristics of drug and dietary supplement inquiries by college athletes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the United States, the National Center for Drug Free Sport manages the drug-testing programs for athletes of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Through its Resource Exchange Center (REC), Drug Free Sport supports athletic staff and athletes with information regarding drugs and dietary supplements.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the types of drug-related and dietary supplement-related inquiries submitted to Drug Free Sport through the REC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  All inquiries submitted to the REC for the period of September 1, 2005, through June 30, 2006, were reviewed. The data were categorized by the method of inquiry submission; the name of the substance in question; the sex, sport, and NCAA division of the athlete involved; the nature of the inquiry; and the response provided by the REC regarding the NCAA's status of the substance in question.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pseudoephedrine, acetaminophen/hydrocodone, and albuterol were the most commonly self-searched medications; stimulants accounted for the majority of banned medications. Dietary supplements accounted for 80% of all inquiries submitted to the REC via the Banned Drug Inquiry Form. Among all dietary supplements, creatine was the most commonly inquired. Banned substances accounted for 29% of all inquiries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were more than 10 000 inquiries regarding the status of medications, dietary supplements, and other substances for NCAA athletes during the 2005-2006 academic year. It is helpful for athletes to have resources that help them navigate banned-substance lists and so avoid the inadvertent use of banned substances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Educating athletes regarding the stimulant content of various dietary supplements and addressing the lack of clinical trials to support stated claims and safety appear critical.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ambrose
authors.forename: Candy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsourounis
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olander
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uryasz