title: Optimized agroinfiltration and virus-induced gene silencing to study Ve1-mediated Verticillium resistance in tobacco.
abstract: Recognition of pathogen effectors by plant immune receptors often leads to the activation of a hypersensitive response (HR), which is a rapid and localized cell death of plant tissue surrounding the site at which recognition occurs. Due to its particular amenability to transient assays for functional genetics, tobacco is a model for immune signaling in the Solanaceae plant family. Here, we show that coexpression of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) immune receptor Ve1 and the corresponding Verticillium effector protein Ave1 leads to HR only in particular tobacco species. Whereas HR is obtained in Nicotiana tabacum, no such response is obtained in N. benthamiana. Furthermore, our analysis revealed an endogenous Ve1 ortholog in Nicotiana glutinosa, as expression of Ave1 in absence of Ve1 induced a HR, and N. glutinosa was found to be resistant against race 1 Verticillium dahliae. We furthermore report the establishment of virus-induced gene silencing in N. tabacum for functional analysis of Ve1 signaling. Collectively, our data show that N. tabacum can be used as a model plant to study Ve1-mediated immune signaling.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fradin
authors.forename: Ronnie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Jonge
authors.forename: H Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: van Esse
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Chun-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bart P H J
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Thomma
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death; D060467:Disease Resistance; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D020868:Gene Silencing; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013045:Species Specificity; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D020172:Verticillium / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C430462:Ve1 protein, Lycopersicon esculentum