title: High resolution of black carbon and organic carbon emissions in the Pearl River Delta region, China.
abstract: A high-resolution regional black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) emission inventory for the year 2009 was developed for the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, China, based on the collected activity data and the latest emission factors. PM(2.5), BC and OC emissions were estimated to be 303 kt, 39 kt and 31 kt, respectively. Industrial processes were major contributing sources to PM(2.5) emissions. BC emissions were mainly from mobile sources, accounting for 65.0%, while 34.1% of OC emissions were from residential combustion. The primary OC/BC ratios for individual cities in the PRD region were dependent on the levels of economic development due to differences in source characteristics, with high ratios in the less developed cities and low ratios in the central and southern developed areas. The preliminary temporal profiles were established, showing the highest OC emissions in winter and relatively constant BC emissions throughout the year. The emissions were spatially allocated into grid cells with a resolution of 3 km × 3 km. Large amounts of BC emissions were distributed over the central-southern PRD city clusters, while OC emissions exhibited a relatively even spatial distribution due to the significant biomass burning emissions from the outlying area of the PRD region. Uncertainties in carbonaceous aerosol emissions were usually higher than in other primary pollutants like SO(2), NO(x), and PM(10). One of the key uncertainty sources was the emission factor, due to the absence of direct measurements of BC and OC emission rates.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, PR China. zheng.junyu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Junyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xingling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Shasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Zibing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis*; D002681:China; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*; D053260:Soot / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D004391:Dust; D052638:Particulate Matter; D053260:Soot; D002244:Carbon