title: Epidemiological features and risk factors of Salmonella gastroenteritis in children resident in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
abstract: Non-typhoidal Salmonella are an important but poorly characterized cause of paediatric diarrhoea in developing countries. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study in children aged <5 years in Ho Chi Minh City to define the epidemiology and examine risk factors associated with Salmonella diarrhoeal infections. From 1419 diarrhoea cases and 571 controls enrolled between 2009 and 2010, 77 (5∙4%) diarrhoea cases were stool culture-positive for non-typhoidal Salmonella. Salmonella patients were more likely to be younger than controls (median age 10 and 12 months, respectively) [odds ratio (OR) 0∙97; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0∙94-0∙99], to report a recent diarrhoeal contact (8∙1% cases, 1∙8% controls; OR 5∙98, 95% CI 1∙8-20∙4) and to live in a household with >2 children (cases 20∙8%, controls 10∙2%; OR 2∙32, 95% CI 1∙2-4∙7). Our findings indicate that Salmonella are an important cause of paediatric gastroenteritis in this setting and we suggest that transmission may occur through direct human contact in the home.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: V T M
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.forename: T P T
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: T N T
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Hoang
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: V M H
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: T T N
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: T T H
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farrar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003906:Developing Countries; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology