title: Ultrasound-guided trunk and core blocks in infants and children.
abstract: Regional anesthetic techniques for perioperative analgesia in children are being increasingly utilized with the reported advantages of providing superior analgesia, decreasing opioid consumption, and reducing opioid-related adverse effects. The following article reviews the available literature regarding core and trunk blocks in infants and children; specifically, transversus abdominis plane, ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve, rectus sheath, lumbar plexus, and paravertebral and intercostal nerve blockade. The common indications and potential complications and adverse effects for each block are presented. Additionally, the anatomy and techniques needed for their performance are reviewed. Finally, a summary of the relevant literature in relation to each peripheral nerve block technique is included.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA. tarun.bhalla@nationwidechildrens.org
authors.forename: Tarun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bhalla
authors.forename: Amod
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sawardekar
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dewhirst
authors.forename: Narasimhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jagannathan
authors.forename: Joseph D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Tobias
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007001:Hypogastric Plexus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007367:Intercostal Nerves / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*