title: Protective effects of phosphodiesterase-4-specific inhibitor rolipram on acute ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat kidney.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of Rolipram, a phosphodiesterase-4-inhibitor, on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty rats were divided into 5 different groups of 6 rats. Nothing was done to the control group. In the second group, the renal pedicle was clamped for 30 minutes. In the third group, 1 mg/kg of Rolipram was given by intraperitoneal injection 30 minutes before clamping. The fourth group received the same injection when the clamp was placed, as did the fifth group 30 minutes after the clamp was opened. Clamping time was set at 30 minutes. Twenty-four hours later, nephrectomy was performed in all the groups. Half of each kidney was examined histopathologically. Levels of biochemical agents, such as malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, were measured in the other half.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels significantly decreased and reached control levels in the group in which Rolipram was administered 30 minutes after reperfusion (P = .07). The catalase and superoxide dismutase activities obtained from renal homogentisates of the ischemia groups were evaluated; there were striking increases in tissue levels of these 2 enzymes in the groups in which Rolipram was administered during ischemia and 30 minutes after ischemia (P < .001). Histopathologically, there was no significant difference in inflammation between the Rolipram-administrated groups compared with group 1 (control) and group 2 (IRI). Tubular necrosis and apoptosis was significantly lower in group 5 than the other groups, except group 1 (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that in surgical procedures that can lead to renal IRI, the administration of Rolipram can decrease oxidative renal tissue damage and the severe deterioration of renal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Çukurova, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mammadov
authors.forename: Ibrahim Atilla
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Aridogan
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Izol
authors.forename: Arbil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acikalin
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abat
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tuli
authors.forename: Yildirim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayazit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020889:Rolipram / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D020889:Rolipram