title: National collegiate athletic association division I athletes' use of nonprescription medication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Athletes are known to use over-the-counter pain medication. However, the frequency of such use among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I-A football athletes is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  NCAA Division I-A football athletes who use nonprescription analgesics for pain misuse these medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The football players (N, 144) who met the criteria and agreed to participate were from 8 NCAA Division I-A schools. The participants were administered the Over the Counter Drug Screen for Athletes, which measures attitudes toward the use of a spectrum of substances.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among football athletes surveyed who took nonprescription analgesics for football-related pain, 37% reported taking more than the recommended dose. This was slightly higher than the 28% of players who stated they have not taken nonprescription analgesics for football-related pain. Thirty-four percent of all athletes reported using more than the recommended dose of nonprescription analgesics. Athletes who purchased their own nonprescription analgesics communicated poorly regarding nonprescription analgesics use. Those lacking knowledge about nonprescription analgesics and those using nonprescription analgesics in anticipation of pain or to avoid missing a practice or game were most likely to misuse nonprescription analgesics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NCAA Division I-A football athletes who use nonprescription analgesics for athletic competition do not misuse nonprescription analgesics.
authors.affiliation: Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
authors.forename: Douglas A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Pescatello
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barnes