title: Condom effectiveness against non-viral sexually transmitted infections: a prospective study using electronic daily diaries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the protective value of consistent and correct use of latex condoms against the acquisition of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (N=929) attending clinics that treat sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were prospectively followed for up to 6 months. Urine STI nucleic acid amplification testing was performed at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Participants were instructed to respond to daily prompts from a handheld device by completing a report for each penile-vaginal sexual intercourse event. Generalised estimating equation models examined associations of consistent as well as consistent and correct condom use with STI incidence over 3-month intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consistent condom use was not significantly associated with STI incidence (Estimated OR (EOR)=0.75; 95% CI (CI) 0.43 to 1.30; p=0.31). However, individuals who used condoms both correctly and consistently were estimated to have 59% lower odds of acquiring an STI (EOR=0.41; 95% CI  0.19 to 0.90; p=.026), compared to those who did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The correct as well as the consistent use of condoms greatly reduces the odds of non-viral STI acquisition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior, College of Public Health at the University of Kentucky, 151 Washington Avenue, Lexington, KY 40506-0003, USA. crosby@uky.edu
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Crosby
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Charnigo
authors.forename: Chandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weathers
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Caliendo
authors.forename: Lydia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Shrier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017280:Condoms; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008219:Lymphogranuloma Venereum / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014245:Trichomonas Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D016054:DNA, Protozoan