title: Association between polymorphisms in the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster and the plasma triacylglycerol response to an n-3 PUFA supplementation.
abstract: Eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids have been reported to have a variety of beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, a large inter-individual variability in the plasma lipid response to an omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation is observed in different studies. Genetic variations may influence plasma lipid responsiveness. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a supplementation with n-3 PUFA on the plasma lipid profile in relation to the presence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster. A total of 208 subjects from Quebec City area were supplemented with 3 g/day of n-3 PUFA, during six weeks. In a statistical model including the effect of the genotype, the supplementation and the genotype by supplementation interaction, SNP rs174546 was significantly associated (p = 0.02) with plasma triglyceride (TG) levels, pre- and post-supplementation. The n-3 supplementation had an independent effect on plasma TG levels and no significant genotype by supplementation interaction effects were observed. In summary, our data support the notion that the FADS gene cluster is a major determinant of plasma TG levels. SNP rs174546 may be an important SNP associated with plasma TG levels and FADS1 gene expression independently of a nutritional intervention with n-3 PUFA.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Canada. hubert.cormier.1@ulaval.ca
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cormier
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rudkowska
authors.forename: Ann-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thifault
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Garneau
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couture
authors.forename: Marie-Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vohl
mesh_terms: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D005810:Multigene Family; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D014280:Triglycerides; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C000716847:FADS1 protein, human