title: Medicine, law, ethics: teaching versus learning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Doctors' anxieties about the legal environment begin during medical school. The signals faculty members send to medical students contribute to this anxiety. A pilot study was conducted to examine signals sent by faculty members to students regarding the relationship of legal risk management and ethical patient care at one medical school. It was also intended to determine the agreement between the messages faculty staff believe they are transmitting and those that students think they are hearing from faculty mentors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey with six multiple-choice questions was sent electronically to clinical faculty staff of one medical school to elicit the signals faculty members send students regarding the relationship of legal risk management and ethical patient care. A complementary survey instrument was sent to all 240 third- and fourth-year students to elicit their perceptions of what they were being taught by their mentors about the legal environment. Responses were tabulated, analysed, and interpreted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Faculty staff and student responses to six questions regarding teaching and learning about the relationship of legal risk management and ethical patient care revealed, for four of the six questions, statistically significantly different perspectives between what faculty members thought they were teaching and what students thought they were learning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Medical schools should be teaching patient-centered medicine, reconciling an awareness of the legal environment with the provision of ethically and clinically sound patient care. To improve performance, we must address the messages faculty members send students and reduce the disparity between perceived faculty teaching and claimed student learning in this context.
authors.affiliation: Center for Innovative Collaboration in Medicine & Law, Florida State University, Florida 32306-4300, USA. marshall.kapp@med.fsu.edu
authors.forename: Marshall
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapp
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D004992:Ethics, Medical; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D007883:Legislation, Medical; D008511:Medicine; D012308:Risk Management; D012577:Schools, Medical / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013663:Teaching