title: Anatomical evaluation and stress distribution of intact canine femur.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the biomedical field, three-dimensional (3D) modeling and analysis of bones and tissues has steadily gained in importance. The aim of this study was to produce more accurate 3D models of the canine femur derived from computed tomography (CT) data by using several modeling software programs and two different methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  The accuracy of the analysis depends on the modeling process and the right boundary conditions. Solidworks, Rapidform, Inventor, and 3DsMax software programs were used to create 3D models. Data derived from CT were converted into 3D models using two different methods: in the first, 3D models were generated using boundary lines, while in the second, 3D models were generated using point clouds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stress analyses in the models were made by ANSYS v12, also considering any muscle forces acting on the canine femur. When stress values and statistical values were taken into consideration, more accurate models were obtained with the point cloud method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was found that the maximum von Mises stress on the canine femur shaft was 34.8 MPa. Stress and accuracy values were obtained from the model formed using the Rapidform software. The values obtained were similar to those in other studies in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. ozgurverim@aku.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Verim
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tasgetiren
authors.forename: Mehmet S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Er
authors.forename: Vural
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Ahmet F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Yuran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004285:Dogs; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000502:physiology; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D008954:Models, Biological; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength / Q000502:physiology