title: Photodynamic properties of vital dyes for vitreoretinal surgery.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate photodynamic properties of indocyanine green (ICG), brilliant blue G (BBG) and trypan blue (TB) as currently used vital dyes for chromovitrectomy. Under consideration of intraoperative illumination intensities and dye concentrations, a simulative in vitro investigation was set up. Therefore, standardized dilutions of original ICG, BBG and TB vials were irradiated at a wavelength of 366 nm with an intensity of 14 µW/cm2 between 0 and 48 h. After this, all samples were measured spectroscopically in a 220- to 750-nm bandwidth. Analyzing the vital dyes over the time course, an exponential photolysis was observed for ICG, whereas BBG and TB presented photostable properties. Regarding ICG, 5% of the concentration was degraded to toxic metabolites every 20 min. For this reason, our study provides evidence that intraocular dye concentrations and modern endoillumination systems alone cannot fully prevent ICG photodegradation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brockmann
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steger
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dawczynski
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000032:analysis; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000032:analysis; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000032:analysis*; D008027:Light; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000032:analysis*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000032:analysis*; D057586:Vitreoretinal Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D014343:Trypan Blue; D007208:Indocyanine Green; C004692:coomassie Brilliant Blue