title: Chemokines CCL3/MIP1α, CCL5/RANTES and CCL18/PARC are independent risk predictors of short-term mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
abstract: Cytokines play an important role in ischemic injury and repair. However, little is known about their prognostic value in cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic importance of chemokines CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL5/RANTES and CCL18/PARC for the risk of future cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Baseline levels of CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL5/RANTES and CCL18/PARC were determined in ACS patients from the Bad Nauheim ACS II registry (n = 609). During the following 200 days, patients were monitored for the occurrence of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. Patients with CCL3/MIP1α, CCL5/RANTES and CCL18/PARC concentrations in the highest tertile were associated with an increased risk of a fatal event during follow-up (HR: 2.19, 95%CI: 1.04-4.61 for CCL3/MIP1α, HR: 3.45, 95%CI: 1.54-7.72 for CCL5/RANTES and HR: 3.14, 95%CI: 1.33-7.46 for CCL18/PARC). This risk was highest for patients with all three biomarkers concentrations in the upper tertile (HR: 2.52, 95%CI: 1.11-5.65). Together with known risk predictors of cardiovascular events, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL5/RANTES and CCL18/PARC combined improved the c-statistics from 0.74 to 0.81 (p = 0.007). In conclusion, CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL5/RANTES and CCL18/PARC are independently associated with the risk of short-term mortality in ACS patients. Combining all three biomarkers further increased their prognostic value.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Saskia C A
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: de Jager
authors.forename: Brenda W C
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Bongaerts
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Adriaan O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Kraaijeveld
authors.forename: Mat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rousch
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dimmeler
authors.forename: Marja P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van Dieijen-Visser
authors.forename: Kitty B J M
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Cleutjens
authors.forename: Patty J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Nelemans
authors.forename: Theo J C
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: van Berkel
authors.forename: Erik A L
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Biessen
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D000368:Aged; D054405:Chemokine CCL3 / Q000097:blood*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000097:blood*; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012372:ROC Curve; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: C111792:CCL18 protein, human; C515429:CCL3 protein, human; C483024:CCL5 protein, human; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC