title: Involvement of cytochrome P450 in pentachlorophenol transformation in a white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
abstract: The occurrence of cytochrome P450 and P450-mediated pentachlorophenol oxidation in a white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was demonstrated in this study. The carbon monoxide difference spectra indicated induction of P450 (103±13 pmol P450 per mg protein in the microsomal fraction) by pentachlorophenol. The pentachlorophenol oxidation by the microsomal P450 was NADPH-dependent at a rate of 19.0±1.2 pmol min(-1) (mg protein)(-1), which led to formation of tetrachlorohydroquinone and was significantly inhibited by piperonyl butoxide (a P450 inhibitor). Tetrachlorohydroquinone was also found in the cultures, while the extracellular ligninases which were reported to be involved in tetrachlorohydroquinone formation were undetectable. The formation of tetrachlorohydroquinone was not detectable in the cultures added with either piperonyl butoxide or cycloheximide (an inhibitor of de novo protein synthesis). These results revealed the pentachlorophenol oxidation by induced P450 in the fungus, and it should be the first time that P450-mediated pentachlorophenol oxidation was demonstrated in a microorganism. Furthermore, the addition of the P450 inhibitor to the cultures led to obvious increase of pentachlorophenol, suggesting that the relationship between P450 and pentachlorophenol methylation is worthy of further research.
authors.affiliation: State Key Joint Laboratory on Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Daliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000840:Anisoles / Q000378:metabolism; D001711:Biotransformation; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000378:metabolism; D008745:Methylation; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010416:Pentachlorophenol / Q000378:metabolism*; D020075:Phanerochaete / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D010882:Piperonyl Butoxide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000840:Anisoles; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006873:Hydroquinones; C015421:pentachloroanisole; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D010416:Pentachlorophenol; D010882:Piperonyl Butoxide