title: [Effects of peroxynitrite derived from nitric oxide on cultured bovine ocular explants].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have reported a significant production of nitric oxide (NO) with peroxynitrite formation in the setting of intraocular inflammation. In a previous study, we showed the cytotoxic effect of nitrites and nitrates, stable metabolites of NO, on the various tissues forming the layers of the eye, with variable degrees of tissue sensitivity. This study aims to investigate the effect of peroxynitrite on whole ocular bovine explants in culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy ocular bovine eyes, obtained immediately upon enucleation, were dissected and samples were taken from the anterior and posterior segments, and then cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2mM L-glutamine and antibiotics. Cultures were treated with 3-morpholino-sydonimin N-ethyl-carbamide (SIN-1) (molecule which produces NO and superoxide anion O(2)(.-)) at varying concentrations (100 to 500 μM) over 24 hours. After incubation, the explants were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and histological study was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of the structures showed changes on tissue and cellular levels after incubation with the peroxynitrite donor and various responses depending on the concentration used. These observations reflect variable concentration-dependent tissue sensitivity. The epithelia (cornea, iris and ciliary process) showed high sensitivity in comparison with sclera, which developed greater resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In all, our results indicate a deleterious effect of peroxynitrite on bovine ocular structures in vitro. This effect is proportional to the concentration used. These results corroborate those reported by other teams and suggest the role of peroxynitrite derived from NO in the ocular lesions observed in the setting of uveitis.
authors.affiliation: Équipe « cytokines et NO synthases : immunité et pathogénie », laboratoire de biologie cellulaire et moléculaire, faculté des sciences biologiques, USTHB Bab Ezzouar, El Alia, BP 32, 16100 Alger, Algérie.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lahmar-Belguendouz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Belguendouz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hartani
authors.forename: O S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Lahlou-Boukoffa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bédiar-Boulaneb
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Touil-Boukoffa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005123:Eye / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D016877:Oxidants; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002385:linsidomine; D008981:Molsidomine