title: Synaptic circuit remodelling by matrix metalloproteinases in health and disease.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellularly acting enzymes that have long been known to have deleterious roles in brain injury and disease. In particular, widespread and protracted MMP activity can contribute to neuronal loss and synaptic dysfunction. However, recent studies show that rapid and focal MMP-mediated proteolysis proactively drives synaptic structural and functional remodelling that is crucial for ongoing cognitive processes. Deficits in synaptic remodelling are associated with psychiatric and neurological disorders, and aberrant MMP expression or function may contribute to the molecular mechanisms underlying these deficits. This Review explores the paradigm shift in our understanding of the contribution of MMPs to normal and abnormal synaptic plasticity and function.
authors.affiliation: Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute and the Graduate School of Biological Sciences, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA. george.huntley@mssm.edu
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Huntley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases