title: Chip-based comparison of the osteogenesis of human bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells under mechanical stimulation.
abstract: Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are considered as an attractive stem cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We compared human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and hASCs under dynamic hydraulic compression to evaluate and compare osteogenic abilities. A novel micro cell chip integrated with microvalves and microscale cell culture chambers separated from an air-pressure chamber was developed using microfabrication technology. The microscale chip enables the culture of two types of stem cells concurrently, where each is loaded into cell culture chambers and dynamic compressive stimulation is applied to the cells uniformly. Dynamic hydraulic compression (1 Hz, 1 psi) increased the production of osteogenic matrix components (bone sialoprotein, oateopontin, type I collagen) and integrin (CD11b and CD31) expression from both stem cell sources. Alkaline phosphatase and Alrizarin red staining were evident in the stimulated hMSCs, while the stimulated hASCs did not show significant increases in staining under the same stimulation conditions. Upon application of mechanical stimulus to the two types of stem cells, integrin (β1) and osteogenic gene markers were upregulated from both cell types. In conclusion, stimulated hMSCs and hASCs showed increased osteogenic gene expression compared to non-stimulated groups. The hMSCs were more sensitive to mechanical stimulation and more effective towards osteogenic differentiation than the hASCs under these modes of mechanical stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sang-Hyug
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Woo Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.forename: Byoung-Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Sang Sik
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khademhosseini
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000166:cytology*; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D024042:Collagen Type I; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D019012:Integrin beta1; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human; D053495:Osteopontin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase