title: Promoter-proximal CCCTC-factor binding is associated with an increase in the transcriptional pausing index.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been known for more than 2 decades that after RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) initiates transcription, it can enter into a paused or stalled state immediately downstream of the transcription start site before productive elongation. Recent advances in high-throughput genomic technologies facilitated the discovery that RNAPII pausing at promoters is a widespread physiologically regulated phenomenon. The molecular underpinnings of pausing are incompletely understood. The CCCTC-factor (CTCF) is a ubiquitous nuclear factor that has diverse regulatory functions, including a recently discovered role in promoting RNAPII pausing at splice sites.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we analyzed CTCF binding sites and nascent transcriptomic data from three different cell types, and found that promoter-proximal CTCF binding is significantly associated with RNAPII pausing.
authors.affiliation: Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Sur Herrera
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Paredes
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Melgar
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sethupathy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; C000619697:CTCF protein, human; C000619698:Ctcf protein, mouse; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D012319:RNA Polymerase II