title: Commentary: A prospective comparison between neutralizing the pH of 1% lidocaine with epinephrine (buffering) and pre-operative skin cooling in reducing the pain of infiltration of local anesthetic.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Dermatology and Skin Surgery Specialists, PA, Naples, Florida 34102, USA. yaghoward@aol.com
authors.forename: Cyndi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yag-Howard
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002021:Buffers; D017679:Cryotherapy; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002021:Buffers; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine