title: Inverse correlation between coffee consumption and prevalence of metabolic syndrome: baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima, Japan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is unclear whether consumption of coffee and green tea is associated with metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study enrolled 554 adults who had participated in the baseline survey of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Consumption of coffee and green tea was assessed using a questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) and the Japan Society for the Study of Obesity (JASSO). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between consumption of coffee and green tea and prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for sex, age, and other potential confounders, greater coffee consumption was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III criteria (P for trend = 0.03). Participants who drank more coffee had a lower odds ratio (OR) for high serum triglycerides (P for trend = 0.02), but not for increased waist circumference or high blood pressure. Using JASSO criteria, moderate coffee consumption (1.5 to <3 cups/day) was associated with a significantly lower OR for high plasma glucose (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.28-0.93). Green tea consumption was not associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome or any of its components.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coffee consumption was inversely correlated with metabolic syndrome diagnosed using NCEP ATP III criteria, mainly because it was associated with lower serum triglyceride levels. This association highlights the need for further prospective studies of the causality of these relationships.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takami
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Sakurako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katsuura
authors.forename: Miwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Mineyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiyoshi
authors.forename: Fusakazu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sawachika
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Juta
authors.forename: Kokichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arisawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003069:Coffee; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D013662:Tea