title: GIS-modeled indicators of traffic-related air pollutants and adverse pulmonary health among children in El Paso, Texas.
abstract: Investigators examined 5,654 children enrolled in the El Paso, Texas, public school district by questionnaire in 2001. Exposure measurements were first collected in the late fall of 1999. School-level and residence-level exposures to traffic-related air pollutants were estimated using a land use regression model. For 1,529 children with spirometry, overall geographic information system (GIS)-modeled residential levels of traffic-related ambient air pollution (calibrated to a 10-ppb increment in nitrogen dioxide levels) were associated with a 2.4% decrement in forced vital capacity (95% confidence interval (CI): -4.0, -0.7) after adjustment for demographic, anthropomorphic, and socioeconomic factors and spirometer/technician effects. After adjustment for these potential covariates, overall GIS-modeled residential levels of traffic-related ambient air pollution (calibrated to a 10-ppb increment in nitrogen dioxide levels) were associated with pulmonary function levels below 85% of those predicted for both forced vital capacity (odds ratio (OR) = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.65, 5.78) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.38, 4.01). For children attending schools at elevations above 1,170 m, a 10-ppb increment in modeled nitrogen dioxide levels was associated with current asthma (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.50) after adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, and parental factors and random school effects. These results are consistent with previous studies in Europe and California that found adverse health outcomes in children associated with modeled traffic-related air pollutants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Global Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Erik R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Svendsen
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonzales
authors.forename: Shaibal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukerjee
authors.forename: Luther
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rhoney
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Halûk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozkaynak
authors.forename: Lucas M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Neas
mesh_terms: D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D018986:Motor Vehicles / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D016017:Odds Ratio; D013147:Spirometry; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide