title: Femoral version of the general population: does "normal" vary by gender or ethnicity?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare various gender and ethnic groups to characterize differences in baseline version and rates of retroversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level 1 trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2000 and 2009, 417 consecutive patients with femur fractures were treated with an intramedullary nail at level I trauma and tertiary referral center. Of these, 328 with computed tomography scanogram of the normal, uninjured contralateral femur were included in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Femoral version.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean alignment for the all patients was 8.84 ± 9.66° of anteversion. There were no statistically significant differences in mean version between African American, white, and Hispanic patients for males or females. Although there were also no significant differences in rates between ethnicities, retroversion was found to be common in white males (21.4%), African American males (15.1%), and all groups of females (>14.3%). Furthermore, nearly 6% of both African American males and females exhibited >10° retroversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there may not be a significant difference in average femoral version between ethnic and gender groups, retroversion is relatively common, and retroversion >10° was observed in nearly 6% of the African American population. This may have important implications in proper alignment restoration and successful clinical outcomes after intramedullary nailing of femur fractures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopedic Trauma, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Koerner
authors.forename: Neeraj M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sirkin
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Liporace
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017760:Bone Malalignment / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009518:New York / Q000208:ethnology; D015995:Prevalence; D011859:Radiography; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*