title: Lack of association between maternal periodontal status and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a multicentric epidemiologic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between periodontal health and pregnancy outcomes in a large cohort of Italian postpartum women.
  
  
  METHODS
  750 postpartum women were enrolled in a case-control study within 5 days from delivery at three Italian obstetric clinics. Cases were defined as those mothers who delivered an infant weighing under 2500 g (LBW) and/or had premature delivery and/or delivered small for gestational age newborns (SGA) and/or experienced preeclampsia/pregnancy induced hypertension (PE/PIH) or preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) during pregnancy. All women received comprehensive oral and dental examination. Associations between adverse pregnancy outcome and exposures of interest were evaluated by the use of multivariate logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between cases and controls with respect to country of birth, age, place of residence, educational achievement, smoking, and periodontal status. By definition, infant birth weight [2,750 g (IQR = 2,300-3,200 g) and 3,275, (IQR = 3,010-3,538 g) p < 0.001, respectively] and gestational age at delivery [259 days (IQR = 245-273) and 273 days (IQR = 266-280), p < 0.01, respectively] were significantly lower in cases than in controls. In multivariate analyses, a borderline association was found between poor obstetric outcomes and current smokers (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 0.1-2.5). Finally, after adjusting for smoking status neither country of birth, nor age or place of residence or education or periodontitis were associated with a significantly increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data failed to demonstrate the association between periodontitis and an adverse pregnancy outcome such as preterm birth, low birth weight, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and premature rupture of membranes.
authors.affiliation: Dental Clinic, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Beldiletto 1,Milan, Italy. silvio.abati@unimi.it
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abati
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dessole
authors.forename: Pietrina Francesca
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Lugliè
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Strohmenger
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ottolenghi
authors.forename: Guglielmo G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Campus
mesh_terms: D000070:Acebutolol; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000070:Acebutolol