title: Increased coronary atherosclerosis and immune activation in HIV-1 elite controllers.
abstract: HIV-1 elite controllers spontaneously maintain suppressed levels of viremia, but exhibit significant immune activation. We investigated coronary atherosclerosis by coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) in elite controllers, nonelite controller, chronically HIV-1 infected, antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated patients with undetectable viral load ('chronic HIV'), and HIV-negative controls. Prevalence of atherosclerosis (78 vs. 42%, P < 0.05) and markers of immune activation were increased in elite controllers compared with HIV-negative controls. sCD163, a monocyte activation marker, was increased in elite controllers compared with chronic HIV-1 (P < 0.05) and compared with HIV-negative controls (P < 0.05). These data suggest a significant degree of coronary atherosclerosis and monocyte activation among elite controllers.
authors.affiliation: Program in Nutritional Metabolism, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
authors.forename: Florencia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pereyra
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Virginia A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Triant
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Buzon
authors.forename: Kathleen V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Fitch
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Tricia H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Burdo
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Suhny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abbara
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Grinspoon
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D019562:Viral Load / Q000276:immunology