title: Synthesis of novel diosgenyl saponin analogues and apoptosis-inducing activity on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma.
abstract: We synthesized a diosgenyl saponin bearing a unique disaccharide from the natural product β-hederin, together with twelve glycosylated derivatives and determined their cytotoxicity against five different human cancer cell lines. Most of them showed weak cytotoxicity, with the exception of compound , diosgenyl α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside, which exhibited strong cytotoxicity against A549 cells. The cytotoxicity of was associated with apoptotic cell death, which was characterized by morphological changes, chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, and phosphatidylserine externalization. Compound 20 induced apoptosis of A549 cells through a caspase-8-mediated extrinsic pathway and a caspase-9-mediated intrinsic pathway. In addition, phosphorylation of JNK increased but the phosphorylation of ERK decreased after treatment with 20. These results provide a basic mechanism for the anticancer activity of 20.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jaemoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yan-shi
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Eun-Ji
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Yeong-Shik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mao-sheng
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012503:Saponins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012503:Saponins; C010177:beta-hederin; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9