title: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drug-naïve bipolar II disorder patients before and after twelve week pharmacological intervention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accumulating evidence indicates a high prevalence rate of metabolic disturbance in bipolar disorder (BP) patients. However, the prevalence across BP subtypes has been investigated to a lesser degree. In the current study, we surveyed the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among drug-naïve bipolar II patients. Moreover, the effects of pharmacological treatment on metabolic indexes were also evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study recruited fifty-six drug-naïve BP II patients diagnosed according to the DSM-IV criteria. Among them, forty-four patients completed a 12-week pharmacological intervention with valproic acid, fluoxetine and lorazepam. Metabolic profiles and body mass index (BMI) were measured at baseline and 2 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks after receiving medication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the 56 patients was 30.3±11.1. Before receiving medication, 6.5% of the patients met the ATP III criterion for metabolic syndrome. Among the 44 patients who completed the 12-week pharmacological intervention, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased from 7% to 10%. Repeated measurements showed that the changes in metabolic indexes were not significant, with the exceptions of BMI, waist circumference, and buttock circumference. In addition, the interaction between the improvement of hypomanic symptoms and BMI change was significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study was limited by the follow-up duration and sample size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In drug-naïve BP II patients, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly lower than that observed before in BP I patients. However, medications use was also associated with an increased risk of metabolic disturbance, although the impact was lesser. Clinical evidence suggests that metabolism and emotion homeostasis might share common mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hung Chi
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hua Chang
authors.forename: Nian-Sheng
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.forename: San-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Kuei-Ru
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Hsin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chun Tsai
authors.forename: Yen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuang Yang
authors.forename: Ru-Band
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Po
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: See Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D005473:Fluoxetine; D014635:Valproic Acid; D008140:Lorazepam