title: Visual motion perception predicts driving hazard perception ability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the basis of previous findings of an association between indices of driving safety and visual motion sensitivity and to examine whether this association could be explained by low-level changes in visual function.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 36 visually normal participants (aged 19-80 years) completed a battery of standard vision tests including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and automated visual fields and two tests of motion perception including sensitivity for movement of a drifting Gabor stimulus and sensitivity for displacement in a random dot kinematogram (Dmin ). Participants also completed a hazard perception test (HPT), which measured participants' response times to hazards embedded in video recordings of real-world driving, which has been shown to be linked to crash risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dmin for the random dot stimulus ranged from -0.88 to -0.12 log minutes of arc, and the minimum drift rate for the Gabor stimulus ranged from 0.01 to 0.35 cycles per second. Both measures of motion sensitivity significantly predicted response times on the HPT. In addition, while the relationship involving the HPT and motion sensitivity for the random dot kinematogram was partially explained by the other visual function measures, the relationship with sensitivity for detection of the drifting Gabor stimulus remained significant even after controlling for these variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that motion perception plays an important role in the visual perception of driving-relevant hazards independent of other areas of visual function and should be further explored as a predictive test of driving safety. Future research should explore the causes of reduced motion perception to develop better interventions to improve road safety.
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry and Vision Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, AustraliaInstitute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lacherez
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Au
authors.forename: Joanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001334:Automobile Driving; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult