title: Incipient enamel lesions remineralization using casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate cream with and without fluoride: a laser fluorescence study.
abstract: The aim of this in vitro investigation was to evaluate and compare the incipient enamel lesions remineralized by topical application of casein phospho peptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) cream with and without fluoride.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty caries free teeth were used in the study. They were divided into four groups as positive control negative control and two experimental groups. The samples were demineralized and then remineralized using a CPP-ACP Cream with and without fluoride. The remineralization was evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 days using laser fluorescence. Results of this study showed that the laser fluorescence readings of test samples for remineralization were very highly significant at 14 and 21 days (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The degree of remineralization achieved between CPP-ACP and CPP-ACP with fluoride was statistically significant (p = 0.040) at 21 days.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India. bhatsham5@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sham S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.forename: Sundeep K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: Mohammed Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Habibullah
authors.forename: Vidya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bernhardt
mesh_terms: D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D005453:Fluorescence; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D007834:Lasers; D008422:Materials Testing; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005459:Fluorides