title: Salvia x jamensis J. Compton: Trichomes, essential oil constituents and cytotoxic-apoptotic activity.
abstract: Salvia x jamensis J. Compton is a hybrid between Salvia greggii A. Gray and Salvia microphylla Kunt. In this study, we describe three hair types identified by Scanning Electron Microscopy. In the essential oil of the aerial parts of S. jamensis 56 different compounds were identified. The two main constituents were β-caryophyllene (14.8%) and β-pinene (6.8%). Cytotoxic-apoptotic activity of S. x jamensis essential oil has been investigated by using U937 cell line. The essential oil EC50 for cell number and for cell apoptosis have been shown to be 360 and 320 µg mL(-1), respectively. Among the constituents of the oil examined, only β-caryophyllene, β-pinene and α-pinene displayed cytotoxic and apoptotic activities. For the first time, it has been demonstrated that some of the pure constituents identified within S. x jamensis essential oil are responsible for its cytotoxic-apoptotic activity when properly combined.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Sezione di Biologia Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Urbino, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fraternale
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Albertini
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudov
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Flamini
authors.forename: Donata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bisio
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battistelli
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Accorsi
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D027544:Salvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D064201:Trichomes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000081008:Bicyclic Monoterpenes; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C010789:beta-pinene; C024714:caryophyllene; C005451:alpha-pinene