title: Examination of the relationship between antimicrobials and thrombocytosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether there is a relationship between antimicrobial therapy and the development of thrombocytosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature was accessed through EMBASE (1977-June 2012) and MEDLINE (1977-June 2012) using the terms thrombocytosis and antimicrobial. In addition, reference citations from publications identified were reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  All English-language publications identified were evaluated. For case reports, the Naranjo probability scale was used to calculate the likelihood of the drug causing the reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thrombocytosis occurring during antimicrobial therapy is well documented, with several case reports and clinical trial observations. However, a direct causal relationship is not yet supported by the available literature. Platelets are well known to be an acute phase reactant, with an elevated count occurring after acute conditions such as blood loss, inflammation, or infection. Thrombocytosis during antimicrobial therapy may be the result of an infectious process and not an adverse drug event.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the current available literature, a definitive link cannot be established between antimicrobial therapy and occurrence of thrombocytosis.
authors.affiliation: Georgia Health Sciences Health System and College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, USA.
authors.forename: Christy C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Forehand
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cribb
authors.forename: J Russell
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: May
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D013922:Thrombocytosis / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents