title: Outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries undergoing catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atrial fibrillation is common among older persons. Catheter ablation is increasingly used in patients for whom medical therapy has failed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years of age who underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation between July 1, 2007, and December 31, 2009. The main outcome measures were major complications within 30 days and mortality, heart failure, stroke, hospitalization, and repeat ablation within 1 year. A total of 15 423 patients underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Mean age was 72 years; 41% were women; and >95% were white. For every 1000 procedures, there were 17 cases of hemopericardium requiring intervention, 8 cases of stroke, and 8 deaths within 30 days. More than 40% of patients required hospitalization within 1 year; however, atrial fibrillation or flutter was the primary discharge diagnosis in only 38.4% of cases. Eleven percent of patients underwent repeat ablation within 1 year. Renal impairment (hazard ratio, 2.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.66-2.58), age ≥80 years (hazard ratio, 3.09; 95% confidence interval, 2.32-4.11), and heart failure (hazard ratio, 2.54; 95% confidence interval, 2.07-3.13) were major risk factors for 1-year mortality. Advanced age was a major risk factor for all adverse outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Major complications after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation were associated with advanced age but were fairly infrequent. Few patients underwent repeat ablation. Randomized trials are needed to inform risk-benefit calculations for older persons with drug-refractory, symptomatic atrial fibrillation.
authors.affiliation: Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27715, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Piccini
authors.forename: Moritz F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Sinner
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Greiner
authors.forename: Bradley G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Hammill
authors.forename: João D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Fontes
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Daubert
authors.forename: Patrick T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Ellinor
authors.forename: Adrian F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Allan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Walkey
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Heckbert
authors.forename: Emelia J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: Lesley H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Curtis
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery*; D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000453:epidemiology; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D006278:Medicare / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology