title: DNA microarrays: an overview of technologies and applications to toxicology.
abstract: DNA microarrays or chips can be used to simultaneously monitor the expression levels and/or genotypes of thousands of genes. The application of these techniques heralds a new era in toxicology research, where genotypes and toxicant-induced expression signatures may be used to monitor cellular responses to different doses, to classify toxins on the basis of their mechanisms of action, to monitor exposures, and to predict individual variability in toxicant sensitivity. This unit reviews the current state of microarray technologies and discusses potential applications in toxicology, with emphasis on the strengths and limitations of the technologies.
authors.affiliation: N.I.E.H.S./University of Washington Center for Ecogenetics and Environmental Health and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zarbl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019295:Computational Biology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014116:Toxicology / Q000379:methods*