title: Using intravital microscopy to observe bevacizumab-mediated anti-angiogenesis in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma xenografts.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed the value of using intravital microscopy (IVM) analysis for the study of neoangiogenesis. It demonstrated that the model and the analytical methodology could be used to evaluate in detail the effects of treatment strategies for solid tumours.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Neoangiogenesis is a key component of tumour progression, invasion and metastasis. In clinical trials monoclonal antibodies specific for vascular endothelial growth factor - VEGF (bevacizumab) - have been shown to significantly affect tumour progression when given in combination with standard chemotherapy, and also to improve the overall survival of patients. For squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), we still await definitive evidence of the effect of such treatment. The present study was designed to investigate the anti-angiogenesis effect of beviacizumab in green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled HNSCC xenografts using IVM technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed IVM and used image analysis for quantification of angiogenesis and of effects of bevacizumab on cell viability, combined with histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis to standardize the digital analysis of changes in tumour vascularization and cell viability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significant effects of bevacizumab on angiogenesis and cancer cell survival in HNSCC. Repeated injections of bevacizumab were found to provide the greatest effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamatodani
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holmqvist
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kjellén
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johnsson
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mineta
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wennerberg
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000098:blood supply*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D046169:Dermoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation / Q000473:pathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology*; D010039:Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply*; D012884:Skin Window Technique; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab