title: A missense mutation in the transmembrane domain of CESA9 affects cell wall biosynthesis and plant growth in rice.
abstract: Rice is a model organism in poaceae plants to study cell wall biosynthesis. In this study, a mutant S1-60 isolated from an EMS mutagenized japonica cultivar Nipponbare, is characterized by brittle culms that can be easily broken by bending. The reduction in mechanical strength was due to defect in thickening of the sclerenchyma cell wall. The amount of cellulose in S1-60 culms was reduced to 44.7% of that of wild-type plants. Besides, the mutant also exhibited pleiotropic phenotypes, such as dwarfism and partial sterility. Genetic analysis and map-based cloning showed that all the phenotype of S1-60 mutant was caused by a recessive point mutation in the OsCESA9 gene, which encodes the cellulose synthase A subunit 9. This yet uncharacterized missense mutation changed the highly conserved G905 to D at the beginning of the fifth transmembrane domain. The OsCESA9 gene is predominantly expressed in the culms of mature stage plants, consistent with the brittle phenotype in the culm. These results indicate that OsCESA9 plays an important role in cell wall biosynthesis and plant growth.
authors.affiliation: College of Agronomy and Plant Protection, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
authors.forename: Daofeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shoujiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Jinfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Baotai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jinhao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Xueyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D058685:Genetic Pleiotropy; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C478648:cellulose synthase