title: Dermal pharmacokinetics of Terpinen-4-ol following topical administration of Zingiber cassumunar (plai) oil.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate dermal pharmacokinetics of terpinen-4-ol in rats following topical administration of plai oil derived from the rhizomes of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Unbound terpinen-4-ol concentrations in dermal tissue were measured by microdialysis. The dermal pharmacokinetic study of terpinen-4-ol was performed under non-occlusive conditions. The oil was topically applied at a dose of 2, 4, and 8 mg/cm2 plai oil corresponding to the amount of 1.0, 1.9, and 3.8 mg/cm2 terpinen-4-ol, respectively. Following topical application of the oil, terpinen-4-ol rapidly distributed into the dermis and demonstrated linear pharmacokinetics with no changes in the dose-normalized area under the concentration-time curves across the investigated dosage range. The mean percentages of free terpinen-4-ol distributed in the dermis per amount of administered were 0.39 ± 0.06 %, 0.41 ± 0.08 %, and 0.30 ± 0.03 % for 2, 4, and 8 mg/cm2 doses, respectively. The dermal pharmacokinetics of terpinen-4-ol could provide information for its further formulation development and therapy schedules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kotchaphan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chooluck
authors.forename: Rajendra P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Korbtham
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sathirakul
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Derendorf
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D020405:Dermis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D013729:Terpenes; C034019:terpinenol-4