title: Pharmacologic management of the opioid neonatal abstinence syndrome.
abstract: Opioid use in pregnant women has increased over the last decade. Following birth, infants with in utero exposure demonstrate signs and symptoms of withdrawal known as the neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Infants express a spectrum of disease, with most requiring the administration of pharmacologic therapy to ensure proper growth and development. Treatment often involves prolonged hospitalization. There is a general lack of high-quality clinical trial data to guide optimal therapy, and significant heterogeneity in treatment approaches. Emerging trends in the treatment of infants with NAS include the use of sublingual buprenorphine, transition to outpatient therapy, and pharmacogenetic risk stratification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, 1170 Main Building, 132 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. Walter.Kraft@jefferson.edu
authors.forename: Walter K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: van den Anker
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009294:Narcotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009294:Narcotics