title: [Genotyping of clinical isolates of Aspergillus flavus and its relationship with environmental isolates of an oncohematological center].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During 4 months, and while conducting an environmental sampling of air, 2 cases of aspergillosis by Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) were diagnosed at an oncohematological center in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to know the variability and the genetic relationship between the clinical and environmental isolates, obtained in the oncohematological center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two genotyping techniques of different discriminatory power (RAPD and AFLP) were used. A genetic similarity matrix was calculated using Jaccard method and was the basis for the construction of a dendrogram by UPGMA. The level of genetic variability was assessed by measuring the percentage of polymorphic loci, number of effective allele, expected heterocygozity and association index test (I(A)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dendrogram reveals that the A. flavus isolates recovered from the patients were not genetically related to those gotten from the rooms occupied by the patients. The environmental isolates had higher values of genetic diversity than the clinical isolates. The I(A) estimated for all the isolates suggest that recombination events occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients 1 and 2 were not infected with isolates from the nosocomial environment. Clinical and environmental isolates of A. flavus showed high genetic variability among them.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Micología, INEI ANLIS Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Nicolás
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Refojo
authors.forename: Esperanza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duarte-Escalante
authors.forename: María Cecilia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dignani
authors.forename: Alejandra I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Hevia
authors.forename: Rubén A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Abrantes
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davel
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canteros
authors.forename: María Guadalupe
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Frías de León
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acosta-Altamirano
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zúñiga
authors.forename: María del Rocío
authors.initials: Mdel R
authors.lastname: Reyes-Montes
mesh_terms: D000391:Air Microbiology; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000483:Alleles; D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D001118:Argentina / Q000453:epidemiology; D001231:Aspergillus flavus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D002173:Cancer Care Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000382:microbiology; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000382:microbiology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010362:Patients' Rooms; D055732:Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal