title: The association between glutathione S-transferase T1 and M1 gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in Slovak adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Glutathione S-transferase (GST), as antioxidant enzyme, protects tissue from oxidative damage typical for many pathologic conditions as type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its chronic complications. The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence of GST T1/M1 gene polymorphisms between diabetic adolescents with (CAN+) and without (CAN-) cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy. Forty-six subjects with T1D at the age 15-19 years were enrolled. CAN was diagnosed in 19 patients (41.3%) based on standard cardiovascular tests. GST M1 null genotype was more prevalent in CAN+subjects but this was not statistically significant (OR=1.889, 0.61-6.55, p>0.05). GST T1 wild genotype nearly 5-fold increased the risk of CAN (OR=4.952, 1.13-21.739, p<0.05). Regarding genotype combination, GST T1/M1 wild/null genotype was significantly more frequent in CAN+compared to the CAN- subjects (OR=3.96, 1.024-15.302, p<0.05). No significant difference was found in any biochemical parameters between CAN+and CAN- subgroups. Multivariable logistic regression showed that none of the biochemical parameters estimated was considered a risk factor for CAN, however GST T1 wild and GST T1/M1 wild/null represented a risk factor for CAN development (OR=2.227, 1.079-4.587, p<0.05 and OR=1.990, 1.026-3.859, p<0.05, respectively). GST T1 wild allele and GST T1/M1 wild/null genotype can be considered as risk factors for CAN in Slovak adolescents with T1D.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia. jarmilavojtkova@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jarmila
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vojtková
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ďurdík
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Čiljaková
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Michnová
authors.forename: Tomáš
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Turčan
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Babušíková
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018154:Slovakia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1