title: [Pediatric nutrition: Severe deficiency complications by using vegetable beverages, four cases report].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of vegetable beverages improperly called « vegetable milk » is promoted by food faddism to replace dairy products, even in infant diet whereas it is totally inadequate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case 1: a 9 month-old infant fed by a rice beverage for 2 months presented hypoalbuminemia (7 g/L) with kwashiorkor syndrome complicated by severe sepsis. Case 2: a 14 month-old infant fed by a rice beverage for 2 months had iron and vitamin B12 deficiency with deep anemia (Hb 35 g/L) and tissue hypoxia (hyperlactacidemia). Case 3: a 13 month-old infant fed by an almond beverage during 3 weeks presented metabolic alkalosis with hypochloremia due to sodium and chloride deficiency and revealed by hypoventilation. Case 4: a 2,5 month-old infant with epileptic encephalopathy was fed by several vegetable beverages (almond, nut, chestnut and soy) for a month and a half and presented deep hyponatremia (96 mmol/L) with coma and respiratory acidosis caused by aspiration pneumonia. He died secondarily.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deficiencies promote infections and severe metabolic disorders. Clinical polymorphism lead to diagnosis wandering that can be noxious. The reasons of these diet changes can be nutritional ignorance, perceived milk intolerance or food faddism, sometimes on the advice of an alternative medicine physician. Parental restricted diet or infant immunization recommendations negligence should warn about associated nutritional errors in young infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These avoidable pathologies frequently caused by well-intending but misinformed parents must be reported to Nutrivigilance. This behaviour can be life threatening and must lead, in the most severe cases, to prosecution.
authors.affiliation: diane.fourreau@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fourreau
authors.forename: Noël
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Peretti
authors.forename: Baptiste
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hengy
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gillet
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Courtil-Teyssedre
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Irène
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Loras-Duclaux
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caron
authors.forename: Capucine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Didier
authors.forename: Fleur
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cour-Andlauer
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heissat
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lachaux
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Javouhey
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza; D027861:Prunus; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014675:Vegetables / Q000009:adverse effects