title: Preparation of acrylic acid-modified chitin improved by an experimental design and its application in absorbing toxic organic compounds.
abstract: Chitin grafted poly (acrylic acid) (chi-g-PAA) is synthesized and characterized as an adsorbent of toxic organic compounds. Chi-g-PAA copolymers are prepared using of ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate (Ce(4+)) as the initiator. The highest grafting percentage of AA in chitin obtained using the traditional technique is 163.1%. A maximum grafting percentage of 230.6% is obtained using central composite design (CCD). Experimental results are consistent with theoretical calculations. The grafted copolymer is characterized by Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy and solid state (13)C NMR. A representative chi-g-AA copolymer is hydrolyzed to a type of sodium salt (chi-g-PANa) and used in the adsorption of malachite green (MG), methyl violet (MV), and paraquat (PQ) in aqueous. The monolayer adsorption capacities of these substances are 285.7, 357.1, and 322.6 mg/g-adsorbent, respectively. Thermodynamic calculations show that the adsorption of MG, MV, and PQ are more favored at diluted solutions. The high adsorption capacity of chi-g-PANa for toxic matter indicates its potential in the treatment of wastewater and emergency treatment of PQ-poisoned patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, Kun Shan University, Tainan, Taiwan. charming@mail.ksu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Chao-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Lung-Chuan
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hui-Chia
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Min-Hsing
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ting-Chung
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D000327:Adsorption; D002686:Chitin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D005840:Gentian Violet / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D010269:Paraquat / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C580630:chitin grafted poly(acrylic acid); C005095:malachite green; D002686:Chitin; D005840:Gentian Violet; C036658:acrylic acid; D010269:Paraquat