title: The influence of cognitive impairment with no dementia on driving restriction and cessation in older adults.
abstract: Cognitively impaired older adults may be at increased risk of unsafe driving. Individuals with insight into their own impairments may minimize their risk by restricting or stopping driving. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of cognitive impairment on driving status and driving habits and intentions. Participants were classified as cognitively impaired, no dementia single (CIND-single), CIND-multiple, or not cognitively impaired (NCI) and compared on their self-reported driving status, habits, and intentions to restrict or quit driving in the future. The groups differed significantly in driving status, but not in whether they restricted their driving or reduced their driving frequency. CIND-multiple group also had significantly higher intention to restrict/stop driving than the NCI group. Reasons for restricting and quitting driving were varied and many individuals reported multiple reasons, both external and internal, for their driving habits and intentions. Regardless of cognitive status, none of the current drivers were seriously thinking of restricting or quitting driving in the next 6 months. It will be important to determine, in future research, how driving practices change over time and what factors influence decisions to restrict or stop driving for people with cognitive impairment.
authors.affiliation: University of Victoria, Department of Psychology, Centre on Aging, Canada. kkowalsk@uvic.ca
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Love
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tuokko
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hultsch
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Strauss
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D020377:Self Efficacy; D057566:Self Report; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires