title: Transformation of an antimicrobial peptide into a plasma membrane-permeable, mitochondria-targeted peptide via the substitution of lysine with arginine.
abstract: Simple substitution of D-lysine with D-arginine in antimicrobial peptide (RLA) considerably improved its membrane permeability and increased mitochondrial accumulation. The potential use of RLA in preventing apoptotic cell death is also demonstrated through delivery of the Bcl-x(L) BH4 domain peptide.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan. nakase@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ikuhiko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakase
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Sayaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Hisaaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Sílvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pujals
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Shigeomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Shiroh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Futaki
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001120:Arginine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D001120:Arginine; D008239:Lysine