title: Is maternal depressive symptomatology effective on success of exclusive breastfeeding during postpartum 6 weeks?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective study was to examine the relationship between success of exclusive breastfeeding and postpartum depressive symptomatology. Our hypothesis was that mothers with depressive symptoms initially fail exclusive breastfeeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety-seven mothers were enrolled in the study. The participants were interviewed twice. The first visit was within the first 48 hours after birth. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was completed by the participants. The second interview was performed at 6 weeks. Participants answered questions regarding methods of breastfeeding for 6 weeks, any methodological problems, and nipple pain. The EPDS was again completed by the participants at 6 weeks. All newborns were term infants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the participants were divided into two groups: exclusive breastfeeding and mixed-feeding (partial breastfeeding and/or bottle feeding). Both groups were compared in terms of features, such as mode of delivery, parity, prevalence of depressive symptomatology (at 48 hours and 6 weeks), and delayed onset of lactation within the first 48 hours. Statistical significance was found for only three variables: delayed onset of lactation within the first 48 hours, gestational age, and the problems related to breastfeeding methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians should pay special attention to any lactation difficulty during the first week postpartum. Early lactation difficulties are associated with greater risk of early termination of breastfeeding and lower breastfeeding success.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Selçuklu Medical School, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey. aliannagur@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Annagür
authors.forename: Bilge Burçak
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Annagür
authors.forename: Akkız
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Şahin
authors.forename: Rahmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Örs
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001903:Bottle Feeding / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007774:Lactation / Q000523:psychology*; D008429:Maternal Welfare; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009558:Nipples; D010146:Pain; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology