title: Gene expression profiling of patients with latex and/or vegetable food allergy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of individuals allergic to latex, exhibiting cross-hypersensitivity with plant-derived food has been frequently reported as the so-called latex-fruit syndrome. Nonetheless, molecular mechanisms underlying allergy to latex and/or fruit are poorly understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to identify candidate genes that may be associated with the pathogenesis of allergy to latex and/or vegetable food, and to assess if similar molecular pathways are involved in both types of hypersensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA microarray analysis was performed to screen the molecular profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from patients with allergy to latex, to fruit, or with latex-fruit syndrome, and from control healthy subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Molecular profiling identified an overlapping dataset of genes commonly regulated in all the atopic patients enrolled in this study, suggesting that similar molecular mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of allergy to the fruit and/or latex. Several regulators of the innate and acquired immunity reported to polarize the immunological response towards a Th2-mediated immune response were overexpressed in the patients. Evidences suggested that the expression of T-regulatory cells might be defective in allergic patients, as a consequence of a dysregulation of some inflammatory cytokines. Finally, several transcription factors that may be responsible for the Th1/Th2 imbalance were modulated in allergic patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study identified relevant genes that may help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying allergic disease. Knowledges of critical targets, along with transcription factors regulating gene activity may facilitate the development of new therapeutic options.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saulnier
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nucera
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Altomonte
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pecora
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aruanno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buonomo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasbarrini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Patriarca
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schiavino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D020315:Latex Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000502:physiology; D014675:Vegetables / Q000009:adverse effects*