title: Nutritional status and body composition in patients early after renal transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After renal transplantation recovery in nutritional status occurs during the first year. We assessed the changes in nutritional status after transplantation in 145 transplant recipients (94 males, 51 females).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were evaluated immediately after renal transplant (baseline data) and at 6 months' follow-up. Analysis included body mass index (BMI), body composition (skin fold and arm circumference), and estimated body composition (calculated percent of fat, arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, and arm muscle area). Other data obtained from medical records included renal function (MDRD) serum albumin and lipid profile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline evaluation (21 ± 15 days posttransplant), mean BMI was 23.9 ± 3.9 kg/m(2), serum albumin was 3.7 ± 0.7 g/dL, and lipid profile showed (cholesterol 158.5 ± 52.7 mg% and triglycerides 135.9 ± 91.8 mg%. Body composition analysis showed better adaptation of muscle mass in females [AC (91 ± 10.2 × 98 ± 14.6; male × female, P < .05) arm muscle circumference (92.6 ± 1.4 × 102.3% ± 2.9%, male × female, P < .05) and arm muscle area (87.1 ± 22.3 × 105.5% ± 25.9%, male × female, P < .05)]. Body fat was above the recommended levels in 80% of patients, especially females. After 6 months we divided the groups according to BMI, observing better renal function in the normal weight group compared with obese subjects (60 ± 17.2 × 39.5 ± 19.8 mL/min MDRD, P < .05), despite comparable estimated glomerular filtration rate at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The nutritional assessment of patients with end-stage renal disease early after renal transplantation, showed inadequate body composition, with increased fat and reduced lean body mass. The lower glomerular filtration rate after 6 months may be attributed to relatively inadequate renal mass or to obesity-induced hyperfiltration.
authors.affiliation: Specialization in Nutrition in Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. carolasn9@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M C A S
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alves-Filho
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazzali
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C422455:ALB protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human