title: Age limit for infiltration anaesthesia for the conservative treatment of mandibular first molars. A clinical study on  a paediatric population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to assess the age limit for infiltration anaesthesia as an effective technique in  treating carious lesions of first permanent molars in the paediatric age and if differences exist between males and females.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 51 teeth from 48 different patients aged between 6 and 14 years were included in the  study. The anaesthetic solution used was 1.8 ml of 2% mepivacaine with 1:100000 epinephrine. The effectiveness  of  anaesthesia was assessed by electrical pulp test after 3, 5, 7 and 10 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 56.9% of the treated cases a  single mandibular infiltration was sufficient to induce complete pulpal anaesthesia of the tooth to be treated. Under 10 years  of age, the infiltration technique was effective in 85.2% of cases. The success rate of anaesthesia also decreased  significantly and not linearly in function of age. The success of infiltration anaesthesia was not related to gender.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mandibular infiltration anaesthesia is a successful technique for most patients under 10 years (success rate:  85.2%) especially for the younger ones, with no differences between males and females. After this age that success rate  dramatically drops.
authors.affiliation: Dental Unit Regional Centre for Study, Prevention and Therapy of Dental Diseases, Veneto Region, Cittadella Hospital, Italy. salomon_elena@libero.it
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salomon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazzoleni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivolella
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cocilovo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gregori
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Giuca
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation; D003791:Dental Pulp Test; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008963:Molar; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008619:Mepivacaine