title: Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of the transforming growth factor β1 gene and the risk of severe radiation esophagitis in patients with lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) gene and the risk of radiation-induced esophageal toxicity (RE) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven NSCLC patients with available genomic DNA samples and mostly treated with intensity modulated radio(chemo)therapy from 2003 to 2006 were used as a test dataset and 101 NSCLC patients treated with 3-dimensional conformal radio(chemo)therapy from 1998 to 2002 were used as a validation set. We genotyped three SNPs of the TGFβ1 gene (rs1800469:C-509T, rs1800471:G915C, and rs1982073:T869C) by the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the test dataset, the CT/TT genotypes of TGFβ1 rs1800469:C-509T were associated with a statistically significant higher risk of RE grade⩾3 in univariate (P=0.026) and multivariate analysis (P=0.045) when compared with the CC genotype. These results were again observed in both univariate (P=0.045) and multivariate (P=0.023) analysis in the validation dataset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found and validated that the TGFβ1 rs1800469:C-509T genotype is associated with severe RE. This response marker may be used for guiding therapy intensity in an individual patient, which would further the goal of individualized therapy.
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
authors.forename: Jose Luis Lopez
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Qingyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Zhengshen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xianglin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Ritusko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Komaki
authors.forename: Zhongxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012306:Risk; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1