title: Factors associated with intimate partner violence by a former partner by immigration status and length of residence in Canada.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined intimate partner violence (IPV) by a former partner among Canadian-born and immigrant women by length of residence in Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from a 2009 national, population-based, telephone survey were used to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with any type of IPV (emotional, financial, physical, and/or sexual) by a former partner with whom there had been contact in the previous 5 years among immigrant women 0 to 19 years in Canada, 20 or more years or longer in Canada, and Canadian-born women (n = 1681).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of immigrant women in Canada for 0 to 19 years, 41.6% had experienced IPV by a former partner; for immigrant women in Canada for 20 or more years or longer, 60.6%, and Canadian-born women, 61.5% (P = .0423). In a logistic regression model adjusted for age and other sociodemographic characteristics, immigrant women in Canada for 0 to 19 years were less likely than Canadian-born women to experience any IPV (odds ratio, 0.266; 95% confidence interval, 0.130-0.544). There was no difference in the occurrence of any IPV between immigrant women in Canada 20 or more years or longer and Canadian-born women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High rates of any IPV by a former partner were found for both Canadian-born and immigrant women. Within immigrant communities, specific prevention campaigns should address the high risk of experiencing IPV at later stages of resettlement.
authors.affiliation: Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario. janice.dumont@wchospital.ca
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du Mont
authors.forename: Ilene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Meghan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Fran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Odette
authors.forename: Vappu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tyyskä
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012747:Sexual Partners / Q000523:psychology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013689:Telephone; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult