title: Personalized cardiovascular medicine: status in 2012.
abstract: Personalized medicine is the tailoring of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment to the characteristics of each individual patient. In this review, we provide a status report on genetic variants that influence therapy with antiplatelet agents, warfarin, and statins. Resistance to clopidogrel, an antiplatelet therapy, has been shown to be present in 25% to 30% of Caucasians and an even higher percentage in Asians. Part of this resistance is because of the CYP2C19*2 allele. Administering clopidogrel on the basis of previous genetic testing remains controversial. A recent breakthrough in point-of-care genetic testing for clopidogrel might be significant, not only for genetic testing for clopidogrel, but for the whole of personalized medicine. Genetic testing for aspirin resistance is not yet recommended because of incomplete genetic data. Studies to determine the value of genetic testing before the administration of warfarin are ongoing. Testing for SLCO1B1 allele for individuals with muscle cramps who are taking statins could be very helpful but is not yet recommended as routine. Pharmacogenetics has the potential to customize therapy and move away from the current model of 1 drug fits all.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Sonny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dandona
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000639:trends*
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents