title: Improving awareness, identification, and management of meibomian gland dysfunction.
abstract: Ocular surface disorder--and dry eye, in particular--is a leading reason for visits to eye care professionals. It has been generally accepted that meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a leading cause of evaporative dry eye, as well as being associated with aqueous-deficient dry eye. Yet, researchers and clinicians have lacked a global consensus on the definition of MGD, its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management. Various systemic diseases and medications have been associated with the progression of both dry eye and MGD, as have several ocular disorders beyond those directly affecting the surface. It is in the best interest of patients for clinicians to be able to better identify and diagnose MGD, differentiating it from other ocular surface disorders, and to recognize the effects of MGD on the ocular surface, and thus initiate appropriate therapy. This CME activity provides expert insight into the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society's International Workshop on MGD consensus report, offering practical application of its findings to better manage MGD patient care, particularly for those patients facing or undergoing ocular surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Kentucky Lions Eye Center, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: Gary N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Foulks
authors.forename: Kelly K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bron
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Marguerite B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: J Daniel
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; D007766:Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008537:Meibomian Glands / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D016572:Cyclosporine