title: Genomic analysis of two novel human enterovirus C genotypes found in respiratory samples from Peru.
abstract: We report the discovery of two enteroviruses detected in nasopharyngeal samples obtained from subjects with respiratory disease in Peru. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that both viruses belong to a clade within the species Human enterovirus C, which includes the recently characterized human enteroviruses 109 and 104. Members of this clade have undergone significant genomic rearrangement, as indicated by deletions in the hypervariable region of the 5' UTR and the VP1 protein, as well as recombination within the non-structural genes. Our findings and review of published sequences suggests that several novel human enterovirus C serotypes are currently circulating worldwide.
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Rafal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tokarz
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hirschberg
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sameroff
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Saddef
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haq
authors.affiliation: US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Giannina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.affiliation: US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru.|Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.affiliation: US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leguia
authors.affiliation: US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasper
authors.affiliation: US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bausch
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: W Ian
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Lipkin
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D015331:Cohort Studies; D030015:Enterovirus C, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010568:Peru; D010802:Phylogeny; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000821:virology*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins