title: New biomarker for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: eotaxin-2.
abstract: Recently, eotaxin-CCR3 was reported to play an important role in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) development and was documented to be superior than vascular endothelial growth factor-A treatment when tested in CNV animals. As eotaxin studies are lacking in the human age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients, we sought to determine whether eotaxin-2 (CCL24) has any association with inflammatory processes that occur in CNV. CCL24 levels were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) after normalization to total serum protein and levels of ELISA were correlated to various risk factors in about 133 AMD patients and 80 healthy controls. The CCL24 levels were significantly higher in wet AMD patients as compared with dry AMD and normal controls. There was a significant difference when compared among wet AMD patients (i.e., minimally classic, predominantly classic, and occult). We also report significant difference in the CCL24 levels of Avastin-treated and untreated AMD patients. This study shows that CCL24 levels were found to be significantly increased in AMD patients despite Avastin treatment as compared with normal controls and those without Avastin, indicating that CCL24 may have an association with CNV and may be an important target to validate future therapeutic approaches in AMD in tandem with Avastin treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Neel Kamal
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Sudesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
authors.forename: Amod
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Ramandeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Pawan Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Pramod Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Akshay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anand
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D054423:Chemokine CCL24 / Q000097:blood*; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D016014:Linear Models; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D057135:Wet Macular Degeneration / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D015415:Biomarkers; D054423:Chemokine CCL24; D000068258:Bevacizumab