title: Disclosure and self-report of emotional, social, and physical health in children and adolescents with chronic pain--a qualitative study of PROMIS pediatric measures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the content validity of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System pediatric measures, including the pain interference scale, among children and adolescents (aged 8-18 years) who experience chronic pain. To describe children's understandings of the health domain constructs and elucidate verbal and conceptual aspects of self-reported pain-related functioning, which shape disclosure and reporting.
  
  
  METHODS
  34 children and youth with diagnoses of juvenile idiopathic arthritis or noninflammatory chronic pain completed semistructured and cognitive interviews exploring the meaning, experience, and expression of up to 4 of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System pediatric domains: anger, anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, pain interference, and peer relationships. Team-based thematic and content analyses were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clear verbal and social-cognitive differences were observed in representations and accounts of the domain-experiences across age-groups, but we noted little, if any, evidence of problems with content validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest the importance of a rigorous developmental approach for understanding the verbal and cognitive dimensions of pediatric self-reports and patient-reported outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Jeffrey.Jacobson@uc.edu
authors.forename: C Jeff
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.forename: Susmita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashikar-Zuck
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seid
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verkamp
authors.forename: Esi Morgan
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Dewitt
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D000786:Anger; D002648:Child; D059350:Chronic Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011788:Quality of Life; D012650:Self Disclosure; D057566:Self Report