title: Serum glycated albumin predicts the progression of carotid arterial atherosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the association between the ratio of serum glycated albumin (GA) levels to hyperglycemic levels (GA/A1c ratio) and the progression of carotid artery atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this retrospective longitudinal study we recruited patients who had undergone carotid IMT measurement twice and been tested consecutively for both A1c and GA levels every 3 or 6 months. The subjects were classified into two groups based on non-progression (group I) and progression (group II) of carotid IMT. Mean values of A1c and GA and the GA/A1c ratio were compared between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 218 subjects (122 men and 96 women), group II (n=77) showed significantly higher baseline systolic BP, eGFR, GA, GA/A1c ratio, and progression of carotid IMT (Δ IMT) than group I (n = 141). The mean A1c level tended to be higher in group II than in group I (p = 0.054). By Spearman's correlation test, baseline diastolic BP, total cholesterol, triglyceride, GA, and GA/A1c were significantly associated with Δ IMT in group II but not in group I. In multivariate regression analysis, serum level of GA and GA/HbA1c ratio predicted progression of IMT after adjustment for other risk factors in both models applied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that glycated albumin is not only a useful glycemic index but also might be an atherogenic protein in the development of diabetic atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kwang Joon
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung-Wan
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Bong Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Hyun Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D000093423:Glycated Serum Albumin
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014280:Triglycerides; D000093423:Glycated Serum Albumin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human