title: Human papillomavirus genotypes in high-grade cervical lesions in the United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two vaccines protect against human papillomaviruses (HPV) 16 and 18, which cause 70% of cervical cancer and 50% of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 and adenocarcinoma in situ (CIN2+). Monitoring HPV types in CIN2+ may be used to assess HPV vaccine impact.
  
  
  METHODS
  As part of a multisite vaccine impact monitoring project (HPV-IMPACT), biopsy specimens used to diagnose CIN2+ were obtained for HPV DNA typing for women aged 18-39 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 4,121 CIN2+ cases reported during 2008-2009 in 18- to 39-year-old women 3058 (74.2%) were tested; 96% were HPV DNA positive. HPV 16 was most common (49.1%), followed by HPV 31 (10.4%) and HPV 52 (9.7%). HPV 18 prevalence was 5.5% overall. Proportion of CIN2+ cases associated with HPV 16/18 was highest (56.3%) in 25- to 29-year-old women. HPV 16/18-associated lesions were less common in non-Hispanic blacks (41.9%) and Hispanics (46.3%) compared with non-Hispanic whites (59.1%) (P < .0001); the difference remained significant when adjusted for covariates. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, HPV 35 and 58 were significantly more common in non-Hispanic blacks (14.5% vs 4.2%; 12.3% vs 3.4%) and HPV 45 was higher in Hispanics (3.7% vs 1.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age and racial/ethnic differences in HPV type distribution may have implications for vaccine impact and should be considered in monitoring trends.
authors.affiliation: Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. shariri@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hariri
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.forename: Suzanne E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: Heidi M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Nancy M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Karen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Niccolai
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schafer
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steinau
authors.forename: Lauri E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Markowitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001706:Biopsy; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines