title: Influence of surface conditioning on bonding to polyetheretherketon (PEEK).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was the evaluation of the bond strength of a provisional resin to a polyetheretherketon (PEEK) using different surface treatments and conditioning methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  PEEK disks were polished with 600grit rotating silicon carbide papers. Plexiglas tubes were filled and bonded with a provisional resin (Luxatemp Fluorescence) to the PEEK disks which were air-abraded either with 110μm alumina particles (Rocatec Pre) and conditioned with the primers Ecusit Composite Repair, Luxatemp Glaze & Bond or Clearfil Ceramic Primer or they were tribochemically silica-coated (Rocatec Plus) and silanated with Espe Sil or Clearfil Ceramic Primer. Air-abraded PEEK disks without priming served as control. Subgroups of 8 specimens each were stored in distilled water at 37°C either for 3 days without thermal cycling (TC) or for 150 days with additional 37,500 thermal cycles between 5 and 55°C (dwell time 30s). Following storage tensile bond strength (TBS) was tested at a crosshead speed of 2mm/min in a universal testing machine. Statistical analysis was conducted with Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Wilcoxon rank sum test adjusted by Bonferroni-Holm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 3 days TBS ranged from 0 to 15.0MPa. After artificial aging over 150 days TBS ranged from 0 to 12.9MPa. Using air-abrasion and priming with Luxatemp Glaze & Bond resulted in significantly higher TBS than all other methods, which was also durable over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of the methylmethacrylate containing primer Luxatemp Glaze & Bond after air-abrasion of PEEK surfaces can be recommended clinically as promising bonding method to PEEK.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany. mkern@proth.uni-kiel.de
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D001577:Benzophenones; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic / Q000737:chemistry; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000295:instrumentation; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D007659:Ketones / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D020366:Methylmethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001577:Benzophenones; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003764:Dental Materials; C122123:Ecusit-Mono; D007659:Ketones; D008689:Methacrylates; D011108:Polymers; D011140:Polyurethanes; D012821:Silanes; D017655:Silicon Compounds; C098586:luxatemp; D014867:Water; C029824:urethane dimethacrylate luting resin; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; C017492:methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; C063834:polyetheretherketone; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C022088:silicon carbide