title: The TaqIA RFLP is associated with attenuated intervention-induced body weight loss and increased carbohydrate intake in post-menopausal obese women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphisms of the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) gene have been associated with obesity phenotypes. Our aim was to examine if the genotype of TaqIA Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFPL) was related to an attenuated weight loss response or to changes in energy expenditure (EE) and food preference before and after weight loss. methods: Obese post-menopausal women (age=57.1 ± 4.6 yr, weight=85.4 ± 15.4 kg and BMI=32.8 ± 4.5 kg/m(2)) were genotyped for TaqIA (n=127) by using PCR-RFLP analysis and categorized as possessing at least one copy of the A1 allele (A1(+)) or no copy (A1(-)). Women were randomized into two groups, caloric restriction (CR) and caloric restriction+resistance training (CRRT) and in this study were further classified as follows: A1(+)CR, A1(+)CRRT, A1-(-)CR and (-)A1(-)CRRT. Body composition, total daily EE, physical activity EE, Resting EE (REE), and energy intake were obtained at baseline and post-intervention using DXA, doubly-labeled water, indirect calorimetry, and 3-day dietary records, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, all of the anthropometric variables and REE significantly decreased post-intervention (p<0.001). Women in the CRRT group lost significantly more fat mass (FM) than the CR women (p<0.05). There were significant time by group by allele interactions for attenuated body weight (BW), BMI, and FM loss for A1(+) (vs. A1(-)) in CRRT (p<0.05) and for increased % carbohydrate intake (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TaqIA genotype was associated with body weight loss post-intervention; more specifically, carriers of the A1 allele lost significantly less BW and FM than the A1(-) and had increased carbohydrate intake in the CRRT group.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.
authors.forename: Jameason D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.affiliation: School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5.
authors.forename: Marie-Ève
authors.initials: MÈ
authors.lastname: Riou
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tesson
authors.affiliation: School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5; Children's Hospital of Eastern Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Goldfield
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada; Montreal Institute for Clinical Research (IRCM), Montréal, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center (MDRC) of Centre de Recherche du centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CR-CHUM), Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: Rémi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabasa-Lhoret
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada; Research Centre on Aging, Social Services and Health Centre, University Institute of Geriatrics of Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brochu
authors.affiliation: School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5. Electronic address: edoucet@uottawa.ca.
authors.forename: Éric
authors.initials: É
authors.lastname: Doucet
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000235:genetics*; D055070:Resistance Training; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates