title: Brevundimonas abyssalis sp. nov., a dimorphic prosthecate bacterium isolated from deep-subsea floor sediment.
abstract: A novel Gram-negative, aerobic, psychrotolerant, alkali-tolerant, heterotrophic and dimorphic prosthecate bacterium, designated strain TAR-001(T), was isolated from deep-sea floor sediment in Japan. Cells of this strain had a dimorphic life cycle and developed an adhesive stalk at a site not coincident with the centre of the cell pole, and the other type of cell, a swarm cell, had a polar flagellum. Colonies were glossy, viscous and yellowish-white in colour. The temperature, pH and salt concentration range for growth were 2-41 °C, pH 6.5-10.0 and 1-4% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that strain TAR-001(T) belongs to the family Caulobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria, and lies between the genus Brevundimonas and the genus Caulobacter. Levels of similarity between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain TAR-001(T) and those of the type strains of Brevundimonas species were 93.3-95.7%; highest sequence similarity was with the type strain of Brevundimonas diminuta. Levels of sequence similarity between those of the type strains of Caulobacter species were 94.9-96.0%; highest sequence similarity was with the type strain of Caulobacter mirabilis. The G+C content of strain TAR-001(T) was 67.6 mol%. Q-10 was the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were C18:1ω7c and C16:0, and the presence of 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-[D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-D-glucopyranuronosyl]glycerol suggests strain TAR-001(T) is more closely to the genus Brevundimonas than to the genus Caulobacter. The mean DNA-DNA hybridization levels between strain TAR-001(T) and the type strains of two species of the genus Brevundimonas were higher than that of the genus Caulobacter. On the basis of polyphasic biological features and the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison presented here, strain TAR-001(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Brevundimonas, for which the name Brevundimonas abyssalis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is TAR-001(T) (=JCM 18150(T)=CECT 8073(T)).
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Taishi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsubouchi
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimane
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimamura
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Kozue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiraki
authors.affiliation: Section 1 Geochemical Oceanography, Office of Marine Research Department of Marine Science, Marine Works Japan Ltd, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tame
authors.affiliation: Section 1 Geochemical Oceanography, Office of Marine Research Department of Marine Science, Marine Works Japan Ltd, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hatada
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D042063:Caulobacteraceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014451:Ubiquinone; C024989:coenzyme Q10