title: Abnormal baseline brain activity in bipolar depression: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
abstract: We examined resting state brain activity in the depressive phase of bipolar disorder (BD) by measuring the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal. Unlike functional connectivity, the ALFF approach reflects local properties in specific regions and provides direct information about impaired foci. Groups of 26 patients with BD depression and 26 gender-, age-, and education-matched healthy subjects participated in fMRI scans. We examined group differences in ALFF findings as well as correlations between clinical measurements and ALFF in the regions showing significant group differences. Our results showed that patients with BD depression had significantly increased ALFF in the left insula, the right caudate nucleus, the temporal gyrus, the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, and the posterior lobe of the cerebellum. They also had decreased ALFF in the left postcentral gyrus, the left parahippocampal gyrus, and the cerebellum. Moderate negative correlations were found between the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score and ALFF in the left insular cortex in the patient group. These results support a model of BD that involves dysfunction in the prefrontal-limbic networks and associated striatal systems. We also demonstrated the feasibility of ALFF as a technique to investigate persistent cerebral dysfunction in BD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Chun-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Su-Fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chang-Le
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Tie
authors.forename: Hai-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chuan-Yue
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000503:physiopathology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000503:physiopathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology; D012016:Reference Values; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D055815:Young Adult