title: Preferred delay and phase-frequency response of open-canal hearing aids with music at low insertion gain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Preferences between low delays and phase-frequency responses of behind-the-ear, open-canal hearing aids were investigated with acoustic conditions deemed sensitive to delay effects by normal-hearing listeners.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hearing aids with the following selectable delay and phase response options were fitted at low insertion gain: (1) 1.4 ms delay, minimum phase; (2) 3.4 ms delay, minimum phase; and (3) 3.4 ms delay, linear phase. Blind paired comparisons were made between processing options and between each option and a muted hearing-aid output with two music stimuli. The three alternative forced choice responses were "Slightly prefer", "Prefer", or "Strongly prefer".
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve hearing-impaired musicians.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the 3.4-ms delay, the minimum-phase response was significantly preferred to the linear-phase response for one music sample and vice-versa for the other sample with a sign test (p < 0.04) but not a Wilcoxon signed rank test that accounted for the low preference strength. Preferences between all other processing conditions were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In acoustic conditions sensitive to delay effects, delays of 1.4 or 3.4 ms were either not detected or no less preferable than no delayed aided signal. It is unclear whether different phase-frequency responses may be preferred with different music stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Wolfson Dynamic Hearing Pty. Ltd., Richmond, Victoria, Australia. Justin.Zakis@wolfsonmicro.com
authors.forename: Justin A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zakis
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fulton
authors.forename: Brenton R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Steele
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001299:Audiometry; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D012048:Correction of Hearing Impairment / Q000523:psychology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006310:Hearing Aids; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008144:Loudness Perception; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009146:Music; D057240:Patient Preference; D019986:Persons with Hearing Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult