title: Viral latency and potential eradication of HIV-1.
abstract: Although HAART can suppress plasma viral loads to undetectable levels, individuals infected with HIV-1 harbor latent reservoirs of integrated proviruses that re-emerge upon the cessation of drug treatment. The 2012 Keystone Symposium on Frontiers in HIV Pathogenesis, Therapy and Eradication highlighted the current understanding of latent infection and new methods to activate and target these reservoirs for eradication. This report focuses on a select few aspects of the discussion, including the extent that ongoing replication might contribute to the persistent viral reservoir, recent advances in activating the expression of latent proviruses, progress in developing effective animal models and potential avenues to eradicate the cells that constitute the latent reservoir.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, CLS-1010, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Matreyek
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oztop
authors.forename: Eric O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engelman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D023421:Models, Animal; D011533:Proviruses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017735:Virus Latency; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors