title: [Adaptation of peer evaluation to small group discussion (SGD) and its validity for summative evaluation].
abstract: We adopted peer evaluation (mutual evaluation between students) for small group discussion (SGD) among first graders. The peer evaluation criteria were 5 grade scales for 5 fields: "preparation," "remark," "listening," "activeness," and "role." A comparison with tutor evaluation clarified the validity of peer evaluation for summative evaluation. Although the average of peer evaluation (4.2 (4.0-4.4)) was higher than that of tutor evaluation (3.8 (3.7-4.1)) (p=0.0601, Mann-Whitney U test), the value of the correlation coefficient between peer evaluation and summative evaluation of SGD (average 0.35 (0.12-0.54)) was almost the same as that of the coefficient between tutor evaluation and summative evaluation of SGD (average 0.36 (0.24-0.42)) (p=0.6761, Mann-Whitney U test). Principal component analysis showed that the tutor could not evaluate "remark" and "listening" independently, while students evaluate "listening" independently from other evaluation criteria. The combination of peer and tutor evaluation may be multilateral evaluation for SGD. The questionnaire about peer evaluation for students showed that they recognized the value of peer evaluation and favorably accepted its use.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. yasuhara@pharm.setsunan.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Tomomichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanada
authors.forename: Mitsutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Wasako
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kurio
authors.forename: Tomoe
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Sadaaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D010379:Peer Group; D010600:Pharmacology / Q000193:education*; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*