title: Genomic instability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on hemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A previous study by our research group evaluated the levels of DNA damage using the comet assay in hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The same blood samples were also evaluated using the cytochalasin B micronucleus assay. A comparison of the results of the two assays is presented here.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole blood samples were collected from 22 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on hemodialysis and from 22 control subjects. Samples were collected from patients early in the morning on Mondays, before the first weekly hemodialysis session. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMN) was used to evaluate genomic instability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear buds were higher in patients than in controls (p-value = 0.001 and p-value < 0.001, respectively). There was a correlation between the frequency of micronuclei and DNA damage with the results of the comet assay (p-value < 0.001). The difference in the frequency of micronuclei and nuclear buds between patients and controls was more pronounced in the group with higher median comet values than in the group with lower comet values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the increased rates of DNA damage as measured by the comet assay and influenced by the weekly routine therapy of these patients has a mutagenic effect, thereby increasing the risk of cancer in this group.
authors.affiliation: Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberta Passos
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Palazzo
authors.forename: Pamela Brambilla
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Bagatini
authors.forename: Patrícia Brandt
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Schefer
authors.forename: Fabiana Michelsen
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.forename: Sharbel Weidner
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Maluf