title: Relationship of interleukin-1β levels and gastroesophageal reflux disease in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gastric mucosal expression of interleukin (IL)-1β may alter acid secretion and influence the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The relationship of gastric mucosal IL-1β level and GERD was evaluated in the Korean population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotypes of IL-1B-511 and IL-1RN VNTR polymorphism and clinical characteristics were analyzed in 44 patients with erosive esophagitis (EE), 32 patients with minimal change lesions (MCL), 54 patients with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and 113 controls. Gastric mucosal IL-1β levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were found between the EE and the control group with respect to sex, body mass index, and Helicobacter pylori infection. On the other hand, the MCL and the NERD group showed similar characteristics to that of the control group. IL-1B-511 genetic polymorphism showed relationship with gastric mucosal IL-1β levels. That is, T/T group (112.4 ± 14.3 pg/mg) had higher IL-1β level than C/C group (59.5 ± 11.6, P = 0.011). T carriers (92.8 ± 7.6 pg/mg) showed higher level than T non-carrier group (P = 0.050). In addition, mucosal IL-1β level of the EE group (52.3 ± 9.9 pg/mg) was lower than that of the control (107.8 ± 12.6 pg/mg, P = 0.001), the MCL (103.1 ± 13.5 pg/mg, P = 0.004), and the NERD group (83.8 ± 14.5 pg/mg, P = 0.079). However, genetic polymorphisms of IL-1B-511 and IL-1RN VNTR did not reach statistical significance among four groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gastric mucosal IL-1β level might be one factor in the development of GERD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Joo
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nayoung
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sungwook
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jae Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoon Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Dong Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun Chae
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000473:pathology; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005838:Genotype; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000378:metabolism; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta