title: Fast Fourier transform analysis of sounds made while swallowing various foods.
abstract: The cervical auscultation method was applied to investigate sounds generated while swallowing various foods with unique physical properties, including liquid (water), semiliquid (yogurt), and solid (konjac jelly). To study the differences among swallowing sounds for various foods, fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis was applied to signals that were attributed to the flow of a food bolus, which is a swallowable soft mass of chewed food. An FFT program was developed that enabled the calculation of a spectrum for a specified region of time domain swallowing sound signals. The intensity of spectra in the frequency range between 400 and 1000 Hz significantly differed: liquid > semiliquid > solid. The FFT spectrum in this range was suggested to represent the frequency characteristics of the swallowing sounds of various foods.
authors.affiliation: National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniwaki
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohyama
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics / Q000295:instrumentation; D000328:Adult; D001314:Auscultation / Q000295:instrumentation; D003679:Deglutition; D004326:Drinking; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013016:Sound; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013997:Time Factors; D014159:Transducers; D015014:Yogurt