title: Efficacy of antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with osteomyelitis.
abstract: Here we describe the successful surgical implementation of antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) with marked osteomyelitis. The macaque presented to the veterinary clinic with grossly contaminated bite wounds in the left ankle  secondary to conspecific trauma. Radiographic findings were highly suggestive of osteomyelitis. Additional differential diagnoses included bony infarct, fracture, and cellulitis. In light of the location of the lesion and extensive tissue trauma, the animal had a poor prognosis. Systemic,  broad-spectrum antibiotics were instituted. After 2 wk of care, lesions did not respond to empirical therapies. On consultation, a veterinary orthopedic surgeon at another facility recommended placement of antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads at the sites of osteomyelitis. The  animal underwent minor surgery in which beads were introduced into the wound. The monkey had a positive response to therapy. The animal regained full function and was returned to outdoor social housing. Veterinarians are encouraged to consider using antibiotic-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate  beads when treating osteomyelitis in other nonhuman primates and in other traditional laboratory animal species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Primate Medicine, California National Primate Research Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA. krskelly@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Kristi R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Amy R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kapatkin
authors.forename: Allison L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Zwingenberger
authors.forename: Kari L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Christe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate