title: Site specific/targeted delivery of gemcitabine through anisamide anchored chitosan/poly ethylene glycol nanoparticles: an improved understanding of lung cancer therapeutic intervention.
abstract: Gemcitabine (2', 2'-difluorodeoxycytidine) is a deoxycytidine analog with significant antitumor activity against variety of cancers including non-small cell lung cancer. However, rapid metabolism and shorter half-life of drug mandate higher dose and frequent dosing schedule which subsequently results into higher toxicity. Therefore, there is a need to design a vector which can reduce the burden of frequent dosing and higher toxicity associated with the use of gemcitabine. In this study, we investigated the possibility of improving the targeting potential by employing the surface modification on Chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol) (CTS/PEG) Nanoparticles. We demonstrate formulation and characterization of chitosan/poly(ethylene glycol)-anisamide (CTS/PEG-AA) and compared its efficiency with CTS/PEG and free gemcitabine. Our results reveal its sizeable compatibility, comparatively less organ toxicity and higher antitumor activity in vitro as well as in vivo. This wealth of information surfaces the potential of CTS/PEG-AA nanoparticles as a potent carrier for drug delivery. In brief, this novel carrier opens new avenues for drug delivery which better meets the needs of anticancer research.
authors.affiliation: Drug Delivery Research Group, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. neerajombiotech@gmail.com
authors.forename: Neeraj K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Rajeev K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Tyagi
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001549:Benzamides / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D001549:Benzamides; D004337:Drug Carriers; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D014508:Urea; D048271:Chitosan; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000093542:Gemcitabine