title: Amoxicillin prophylaxis in oral surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative infection is the most common postsurgical oral complication but no double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial has been made yet to assess amoxicillin prophylaxis for oral surgery. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of prophylactic amoxicillin 3g per os versus placebo in the prevention of postoperative oral infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 5-year, multicentric, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was made on healthy patients undergoing complex oral surgery. Final analysis was by intention to treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 286 patients were randomly assigned to the amoxicillin or placebo group. After a mean follow-up of two weeks, 11 patients in the control group and three patients in the amoxicillin prophylaxis group developed a postoperative infection (P=0.001 in unilateral test). The hazard ratio was 0.27 [95% CI: 0.07-0.94].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amoxicillin prophylaxis seems to be effective in preventing postoperative infection in complex oral surgery, especially when mandibular third molars and multiple avulsions are involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Toulouse University, 3, Chemin des Maraîchers, 31400 Toulouse, France. cousty.s@chu-toulouse.fr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sixou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burban
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lakhssassi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Mello
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quéro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010919:Placebos; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000379:methods*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010919:Placebos; D000658:Amoxicillin