title: Anti-inflammatory activity of novel ammonium glycyrrhizinate/niosomes delivery system: human and murine models.
abstract: Today there is a very great deal of interest among members of the global natural products community in investigating new plant constituents. Recent studies demonstrate that liquorice extracts are useful in the treatment of dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis, with an efficacy comparable to that of corticosteroids. In this work, niosomes made up of surfactants (Tween 85 and Span 20) and cholesterol at various concentrations were prepared to investigate the potential application of niosomes for the delivery of ammonium glycyrrhizinate (AG), useful for the treatment of various inflammatory based diseases. Vesicles were characterized evaluating dimensions, ζ potential, anisotropy, drug entrapment efficiency, stability, cytotoxicity evaluation and skin tolerability. Release profiles of ammonium glycyrrhizinate/niosomes were evaluated in vitro using cellulose membranes. The best formulation was used to evaluate the in vitro/in vivo efficacy of the ammonium glycyrrhizinate/niosomes in murine and human models of inflammation. The AG-loaded non-ionic surfactant vesicles showed no toxicity, good skin tolerability and were able to improve the drug anti-inflammatory activity in mice. Furthermore, an improvement of the anti-inflammatory activity of the niosome delivered drug was observed on chemically induced skin erythema in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department Drug Chemistry and Technologies - University of Rome Sapienza - Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Carlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marianecci
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.forename: Marica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mastriota
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pieretti
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trapasso
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paolino
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carafa
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D004890:Erythema / Q000188:drug therapy; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008081:Liposomes; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008081:Liposomes; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid