title: Hemopexin as biomarkers for analyzing the biological responses associated with exposure to silica nanoparticles.
abstract: Practical uses of nanomaterials are rapidly spreading to a wide variety of fields. However, potential harmful effects of nanomaterials are raising concerns about their safety. Therefore, it is important that a risk assessment system is developed so that the safety of nanomaterials can be evaluated or predicted. Here, we attempted to identify novel biomarkers of nanomaterial-induced health effects by a comprehensive screen of plasma proteins using two-dimensional differential in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) analysis. Initially, we used 2D-DIGE to analyze changes in the level of plasma proteins in mice after intravenous injection via tail veins of 0.8 mg/mouse silica nanoparticles with diameters of 70 nm (nSP70) or saline as controls. By quantitative image analysis, protein spots representing >2.0-fold alteration in expression were found and identified by mass spectrometry. Among these proteins, we focused on hemopexin as a potential biomarker. The levels of hemopexin in the plasma increased as the silica particle size decreased. In addition, the production of hemopexin depended on the characteristics of the nanomaterials. These results suggested that hemopexin could be an additional biomarker for analyzing the biological responses associated with exposure to silica nanoparticles. We believe that this study will contribute to the development of biomarkers to ensure the safety of silica nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Toxicology and Safety Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. yasuo@phs.osaka-u.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashisaka
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.forename: Huiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Toshinobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kunieda
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nabeshi
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi