title: Association between maternal blood cadmium during pregnancy and birth weight and the risk of fetal growth restriction: the EDEN mother-child cohort study.
abstract: The objective of this study is to investigate the potential effect of maternal environmental cadmium (Cd) exposure on birth weight and fetal growth restriction (FGR). A total of 901 pregnant women from the EDEN cohort study were enrolled from two maternity units. Blood Cd was measured at mid-pregnancy and associations with birth weight and FGR were analyzed. Maternal Cd levels were associated with reduced birth weight in the offspring of women who smoked during pregnancy (b=-113.7; p=0.001). Smoking during pregnancy and maternal blood Cd concentrations had comparable effects on FGR incidence (OR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.00-3.58 and OR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.00-1.99, respectively). This study highlights the effect of Cd toxicity on fetal growth through the probable accumulation and transmission of this metal through the placenta. The close relationship between blood Cd levels and smoking habits indicates that Cd may be a relevant biomarker for smoking toxicity on fetal development.
authors.affiliation: INSERM CESP Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations, U1018, Team Epidemiology of Obesity, Diabetes and Renal Disease over the Life Course, F-94807 Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Menai
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heude
authors.forename: Remy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slama
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forhan
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sahuquillo
authors.forename: Marie-Aline
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: Chadi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yazbeck
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D009035:Mothers; D011247:Pregnancy; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium