title: Protocol for the observation of the primo vascular system in the lymph vessels of rabbits.
abstract: Molecular-level understanding of the structure and the functions of the lymphatic system has greatly enhanced the importance of this second circulation system, especially in connection with cancer metastasis and inflammation. Recently, a third circulatory system, the primo vascular system (PVS) was found in various parts of an animal's body, especially as threadlike structures floating in the lymphatic flow in lymph vessels. Although the medical significance of this emerging system will require much work in the future, at present, several important suggestions in connection with immune cells, stem cells, and cancer metastasis have already appeared. Experiments to observe the PVS in the lymph vessels near the caudal vena cava of rabbits and rats have been performed by several independent teams, but reproduction requires considerable skill and technical know-how. In this article, we provide a detailed protocol to detect the PVS inside the lymph vessels of a rabbit. Detection and isolation are the first steps in unraveling the physiological functions of the PVS, which awaits intensive research.
authors.affiliation: Nano Primo Research Center, Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sharon Jiyoon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Sang Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Kyoung-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Sun Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Byung-Cheon
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sungchul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byoung Se
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Hee Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Yoon-Kyu
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kwang-Sup
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Soh
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000423:Alcian Blue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry; D016740:Meridians; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011817:Rabbits; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000423:Alcian Blue