title: Saturated excitation of fluorescence to quantify excitation enhancement in aperture antennas.
abstract: Fluorescence spectroscopy is widely used to probe the electromagnetic intensity amplification on optical antennas, yet measuring the excitation intensity amplification is a challenge, as the detected fluorescence signal is an intricate combination of excitation and emission. Here, we describe a novel approach to quantify the electromagnetic amplification in aperture antennas by taking advantage of the intrinsic non linear properties of the fluorescence process. Experimental measurements of the fundamental f and second harmonic 2f amplitudes of the fluorescence signal upon excitation modulation are used to quantify the electromagnetic intensity amplification with plasmonic aperture antennas.
authors.affiliation: Institut Fresnel, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Ecole Centrale Marseille, Campus de St Jérôme, 13397 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Heykel
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aouani
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hostein
authors.forename: Oussama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mahboub
authors.forename: Eloïse
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Devaux
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rigneault
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Ebbesen
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wenger