title: Grid cell firing patterns signal environmental novelty by expansion.
abstract: The hippocampal formation plays key roles in representing an animal's location and in detecting environmental novelty to create or update those representations. However, the mechanisms behind this latter function are unclear. Here, we show that environmental novelty causes the spatial firing patterns of grid cells to expand in scale and reduce in regularity, reverting to their familiar scale as the environment becomes familiar. Simultaneously recorded place cell firing fields remapped and showed a smaller, temporary expansion. Grid expansion provides a potential mechanism for novelty signaling and may enhance the formation of new hippocampal representations, whereas the subsequent slow reduction in scale provides a potential familiarity signal.
authors.affiliation: UCL Institutes of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, United Kingdom. caswell.barry@ucl.ac.uk or
authors.forename: Caswell
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Lin Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Ginzberg
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Burgess
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats