title: Effect of Fructose and glucose on glycation of β-lactoglobulin in an intermediate-moisture food model system: analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and data-independent acquisition LC-MS (LC-MS(E)).
abstract: To evaluate the effect of glucose and fructose on the glycation of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) in intermediate-moisture food (IMF), model systems consisting of β-Lg, glucose/fructose/sorbitol, glycerol, and water were established. All systems were stored at 25 and 35 °C for 2 months. The progress of the Maillard reaction and the mass change of β-Lg were investigated by the browning assay and gel electrophoresis, respectively. Meanwhile, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and data-independent acquisition LC-MS (LC-MS(E)) were used to monitor the glycation extent and the glycated sites of β-Lg. The results indicated that glucose had a higher reaction activity of glycation than fructose, but both sugars had similar preference on the glycation site for β-Lg. The ranking order from high to low for the 9 detected glycated sites was L 1, K 91 > K 47 > K 70, K 77, K 83, K 100 > K 75 > K 135 for both sugars.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology,  Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ying-jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiao-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Theodore P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Labuza
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical
chemical_list: D007782:Lactoglobulins; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose