title: Protein and peptide-based therapeutics in periodontal regeneration.
abstract: Protein and peptide-based therapeutics provide a unique strategy for controlling highly specific and complex biologic actions that cannot be accomplished by simple devices or chemical compounds. This article reviews some of the key characteristics and summarizes the clinical effectiveness of protein and peptide-based therapeutics targeting periodontal regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search was conducted of randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews evaluating protein and peptide-based therapeutics for the regeneration of periodontal tissues of at least 6 months duration. Data sources included PubMed and Embase electronic databases, hand-searched journals, and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Commercially marketed protein and peptide-based therapeutics for periodontal regeneration provide gains in clinical attachment level and bone formation that are comparable or superior to other regenerative approaches. Results from several clinical trials indicate that protein and peptide-based therapies can accelerate repair and regeneration when compared with other treatments and that improvements in clinical parameters continue beyond 12 months. Protein and peptide-based therapies also exhibit the capacity to increase the predictability of treatment outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical and histologic studies support the effectiveness of protein- and peptide-based therapeutics for periodontal regeneration. Emerging evidence suggests that the delivery devices/scaffolds play a critical role in determining the effectiveness of this class of therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Maryland, School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. mreynolds@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Aichelmann-Reidy
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000628:therapy*; D053523:Amelogenin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010519:Periodontium / Q000601:surgery*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma
chemical_list: D053523:Amelogenin; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins