title: Urinary nitrate, thiocyanate, and perchlorate and serum thyroid endpoints based on NHANES 2001 to 2002.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine, on the basis of iodide uptake inhibition (IUI), whether associations between urinary concentrations of IUI agents (perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate), as total perchlorate equivalent concentration (PEC), and serum thyroid parameters suggest functional thyroid abnormalities. Additional thyroid hormone measures were released to augment the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2002 data set, which we used in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enhanced thyroid hormone measures released to augment the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2002 data set were used in this study. Multiple regression was used to assess the relationships among total thyroxine (TT4), free thyroxine, total triiodothyronine (TT3), free triiodothyronine, and thyroid- stimulating hormone (TSH) and PEC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PEC was weakly and negatively associated with TT4, but not with TSH, TT3, or free hormone. This association with TT4 appears to be dominated by nitrate and thiocyanate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No evidence of functional thyroid abnormality (eg., low thyroid hormone coupled with high TSH) was seen with exposure to the combined IUI agents and enhanced estimates of thyroid function.
authors.affiliation: Intertox, Inc., Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
authors.forename: Gretchen M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Corey
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Mandel
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Pleus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009566:Nitrates / Q000652:urine*; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000652:urine*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000652:urine*; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009566:Nitrates; D010472:Perchlorates; D013861:Thiocyanates; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D007455:Iodine; C031760:thiocyanate; C494474:perchlorate