title: Sleep disturbances and binge eating disorder symptoms during and after pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared sleep problems during pregnancy and sleep dissatisfaction 18 months after pregnancy in pregnant women with binge eating disorder (BED) symptoms and pregnant women without an eating disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were gathered from 72,435 women. A total of 1,495 (2.1%) women reported having BED symptoms both before and during pregnancy; 921 (1.3%) reported pre-pregnancy BED symptoms that remitted during pregnancy; 1,235 (1.7%) reported incident BED symptoms during pregnancy; and 68,784 (95.0%) reported no eating disorder symptoms before or during pregnancy (referent).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Questionnaires were collected at 3 time points, with a median completion time of 17.1 weeks gestation, 30.1 weeks gestation, and 18.7 months after childbirth. We collected information on demographics, eating disorder status before and during pregnancy, sleep problems during the first 18 weeks of pregnancy, hours of sleep during the third trimester, and sleep satisfaction 18 months after childbirth. All BED symptom groups were significantly more likely to report sleep problems during the first 18 weeks of pregnancy than the referent (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.26-1.42, false discovery rate [FDR] P < 0.05). In the third trimester, women with incident BED symptoms during pregnancy were more likely to report more hours of sleep than the referent (adjusted OR = 1.49, FDR P < 0.01). All BED symptom groups had higher odds of reporting more dissatisfaction with sleep 18 months after childbirth (adjusted ORs = 1.28-1.47, FDR P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BED before or during pregnancy is associated with sleeping problems during pregnancy and dissatisfaction with sleep 18 months after childbirth. Health care professionals should inquire about BED during pregnancy as it may be associated with sleep disturbances, in addition to the hallmark eating concerns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: T Frances
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Ulman
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Von Holle
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Torgersen
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stoltenberg
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reichborn-Kjennerud
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bulik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires