title: Morbidity and Mortality Patterns of Hospitalised Adult HIV/AIDS Patients in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: A 4-year Retrospective Review from Zaria, Northern Nigeria.
abstract: Background. This study, undertaken in major tertiary hospital in northern Nigeria, examined the morbidity and mortality patterns of hospitalised adult HIV/AIDS patients in the HAART era. Methods. Between January 2006 and December 2009, admission records and causes of deaths of hospitalised medical HIV-infected patients were retrieved and analysed according to antiretroviral (ART) status. Results. Of the 207 HIV/AIDS patients reviewed, majority were newly diagnosed (73.4%), and most were hospitalised and died from various AIDS-defining illnesses, mainly disseminated tuberculosis and sepsis. Immune-inflammatory-reconstitution-syndrome, ART-toxicity and ART-failure, contributed to morbidity and mortality in patients receiving ART. Sixty six (31.9%) patients died, with higher mortality in males and in those with lower CD4-cell count, lower PCV, and shorter hospital stay. However, hospital stay ≤3 days and severe anaemia (PCV < 24%) were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion. In the current HAART era, late presentation and tuberculosis continue to fuel the HIV/AIDS pandemic in Africa, with emerging challenges due to ART-related complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Niger Delta University, PMB 071, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria ; Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, PMB 06, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Dimie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ogoina
authors.forename: Reginald O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Obiako
authors.forename: Haruna M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Muktar
authors.forename: Mukhtar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adeiza
authors.forename: Aliyu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babadoko
authors.forename: Abdulaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Isa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bansi
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iheonye
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iyanda
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tabi-Ajayi