title: Reliability and validity of the Paediatric Volitional Questionnaire - Chinese version.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Paediatric Volitional Questionnaire (PVQ-C) for use amongst preschoolers in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty preschoolers with developmental delays were randomly selected from northern Taiwan, along with another 40 typically developing preschoolers. The data was analysed using Rasch measurement model for construct validity and classical test theory for item reliability, intra- and inter-rater reliability, and convergent validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated the PVQ items of PVQ-C fit into a unidimensional continuum of volition (logit -6.63~3.05) with 2 items representing differential item functioning for diagnostic group. The person-fit statistics showed that 83% participants' response could be appropriately estimated and stratified (separation index = 1.86). Using a modified 3-point rating scale resulted in acceptable item reliability (0.97), intra-rater reliability (0.412-1.0), 86% PVQ items in test-retest reliability > 0.4, and convergent validity (r = 0.562-0.656).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PVQ-C is regarded as a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the volitional status of children, as a reference for subsequent clinical judgement, and for client-centred intervention programmes and treatment effects.
authors.affiliation: School of Occupational Therapy, National Taiwan University, 100 Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Ting
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ay-Woan
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Lyinn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Susan Shur-Fen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gau
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Jin-Shei
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D014836:Volition