title: Daintain/AIF-1 (Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1) accelerates type 1 diabetes in NOD mice.
abstract: A large body of experimental evidence suggests that cytokines trigger pancreatic β-cell death in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Daintain/AIF-1 (Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1), a specific marker for activated macrophages, is accumulated in the pancreatic islets of pre-diabetic BB rats. In the present study, we demonstrate that daintain/AIF-1 is released into blood and the levels of daintain/AIF-1 in the blood of type 1 diabetes-prone non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice suffering from insulitis are significantly higher than that in healthy NOD mice. When injected intravenously into NOD mice, daintain/AIF-1 stimulates white blood cell proliferation, increases the concentrations of blood glucose, impairs insulin expression, up-regulates nitric oxide (NO) production in pancreases and accelerates diabetes in NOD mice, while the antibody against daintain/AIF-1 delays or prevents insulitis in NOD mice. These results imply daintain/AIF-1 triggers type 1 diabetes probably via arousing immune cells activation and induction of NO production in pancreas of NOD mice.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China. biozyy@163.com
authors.forename: Yan-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xin-Yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zheng-Wang
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000276:immunology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C491049:Aif1 protein, mouse; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide