title: Phonological and motor errors in individuals with acquired sound production impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to compare sound production errors arising due to phonological processing impairment with errors arising due to motor speech impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two speakers with similar clinical profiles who produced similar consonant cluster simplification errors were examined using a repetition task. We compared both overall accuracy and acoustic details of hundreds of productions with target consonant clusters to tokens with singletons. Changes in accuracy over the course of the study were also compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In target words with consonant cluster simplification, the individual whose errors reflected phonological impairment produced articulatory timing consistent with singleton onsets. These productions improved when resyllabification was possible, but error rates were not affected by exposure. In contrast, the individual with motoric-based errors produced simplifications that contained the articulatory timing associated with clusters. Accuracy was not affected by the ability to resyllabify, but it did significantly improve following repeated production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings reveal clear differences between errors arising in phonological processing and in motor planning that reflect the underlying systems. The changes over the course of the study suggest that error types with different sources are responsive to different intervention strategies.
authors.affiliation: New York University, USA. buchwald@nyu.edu
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buchwald
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miozzo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001072:Apraxias / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology*; D010700:Phonetics; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013068:Speech Production Measurement