title: Wastewater treatment of pulp and paper industry: a review.
abstract: Pulp and paper industries generate varieties of complex organic and inorganic pollutants depending upon the type of the pulping process. A state-of-art of treatment processes and efficiencies of various wastewater treatment is presented and critically reviewed in this paper. Process description, source of wastewater and their treatment is discussed in detail. Main emphasis is given to aerobic and anaerobic wastewater treatment. In pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment aerobic treatment includes activated sludge process, aerated lagoons and aerobic biological reactors. UASB, fluidized bed, anaerobic lagoon and anaerobic contact reactors are the main technologies for anaerobic wastewater treatment. It is found that the combination of anaerobic and aerobic treatment processes is much efficient in the removal of soluble biodegradable organic pollutants. Color can be removed effectively by fungal treatment, coagulation, chemical oxidation, and ozonation. Chlorinated phenolic compounds and adsorable organic halides (AOX) can be efficiently reduced by adsorption, ozonation and membrane filtration techniques.
authors.affiliation: Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Control Board, E-115, Nehru Colony, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. kansa2ankur@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ankur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kansal
authors.forename: Nihalanwar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gautam
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000332:Aerobiosis; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis; D005374:Filtration; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007221:Industry; D010126:Ozone; D010209:Paper; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002713:Chlorine; D010126:Ozone