title: Surface hardness of different restorative materials after long-term immersion in sports and energy drinks.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of sports and energy drinks on the surface hardness of different restorative materials over a 6-month period. Forty-two disk-shaped specimens were prepared for each of the four restorative materials tested: Compoglass F, Filtek Z250, Filtek Supreme, and Premise. Specimens were immersed for 2 min daily, up to 6 months, in six storage solutions (n=7 per material for each solution): distilled water, Powerade, Gatorade, X-IR, Burn, and Red Bull. Surface hardness was measured at baseline, after 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Data were analyzed statistically using repeated measures ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons (α=0.05). Surface hardness of the restorative materials was significantly affected by both immersion solution and immersion period (p<0.001). All tested solutions induced significant reduction in surface hardness of the restorative materials over a 6-month immersion period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, uerdemir@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Erdemir
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: Meltem Mert
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Eren
authors.forename: Sevda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozel
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D061215:Energy Drinks; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007101:Immersion; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; D008422:Materials Testing; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C105428:Compoglass; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; C474035:Filtek Supreme; C444701:Filtek Z250; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; C011259:gatorade; C507210:premise composite resin; D014867:Water