title: Sea urchin embryos and larvae as biosensors for neurotoxicants.
abstract: Sea urchin embryos and larvae provide an inexpensive high-throughput system for determining developmental actions of neuropharmacologic agents or environmental neurotoxins in both applied and basic biologic contexts. The use of this system for the testing of chlorpyrifos, 1-nicotine, lipophilic amides of choline, and ritanserin is described in detail.
authors.affiliation: N.K. Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Gennady A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Buznikov
authors.forename: Theodore A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Slotkin
authors.forename: Jean M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lauder
mesh_terms: D023401:Animal Use Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology*; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants