title: Fourth European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL-4): guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of human respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and coronavirus.
abstract: Community-acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infections have been recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with leukemia and those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Progression to lower respiratory tract infection with clinical and radiological signs of pneumonia and respiratory failure appears to depend on the intrinsic virulence of the specific CARV as well as factors specific to the patient, the underlying disease, and its treatment. To better define the current state of knowledge of CARVs in leukemia and HSCT patients, and to improve CARV diagnosis and management, a working group of the Fourth European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL-4) 2011 reviewed the literature on CARVs, graded the available quality of evidence, and made recommendations according to the Infectious Diseases Society of America grading system. Owing to differences in screening, clinical presentation, and therapy for influenza and adenovirus, ECIL-4 recommendations are summarized for CARVs other than influenza and adenovirus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland. hans.hirsch@unibas.ch
authors.forename: Hans H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Katherine N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boeckh
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Einsele
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ljungman
mesh_terms: D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D017934:Coronavirus; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D029121:Metapneumovirus; D018098:Paramyxovirinae; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D012229:Rhinovirus; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*