title: The Role of Magnesium Supplementation in Cisplatin-induced Nephrotoxicity in a Rat Model: No Nephroprotectant Effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cisplatin (CP) is used as the commonest drug to treat solid tumors. It is accompanied by a nephrotoxicity side effect. The main objective of this study is to investigate the protective role of magnesium (Mg) supplementation in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (1-4). Groups 1-3 received 20, 80, and 200 mg/kg magnesium sulfate respectively, for 10 days, but on day 3, a single dose of CP (7 mg/kg, i.p.) was also injected. Group 4 (positive control group) received the same regimen of Groups 1-3 except saline instead magnesium sulfate. One week after CP administration, blood samples were obtained and all animals were killed for kidney histopathological investigations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All CP-treated animals lost weight, and the percentage of weight loss in Group 1 (low dose Mg sulfate treated) was significantly higher compared with the positive control group (Group 4, P < 0.05). The increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels in serum in Group 1 were more than those in other groups (P < 0.05). No statistical differences were observed in serum magnesium, nitrite, and total protein levels among the groups. The kidney tissue damage in Groups 1-3 was not significantly different when compared with Group 4. Moreover, the kidney and testis weights in Group 1 were significantly greater than those in the positive control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regarding the BUN and Cr levels in the serum, kidneys weight, and the histopathological study, the low dose of Mg supplementation intensifies kidney toxicity and renal dysfunction in CP-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat model. However, the protective role of Mg with moderate and high doses is not certain.
authors.affiliation: Water and Electrolytes Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ; Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ashrafi
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haghshenas
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nematbakhsh
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nasri
authors.forename: Ardeshir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Talebi
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eshraghi-Jazi
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pezeshki
authors.forename: Tahereh
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Safari