title: Experimental transmission in guinea pigs of H9N2 avian influenza viruses from indoor air of chicken houses.
abstract: This study aimed to determine the transmission characteristics of H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) derived from the air. Eight H9N2 AIVs were isolated from chicken houses between 2009 and 2010. We analyzed the phylogenic and pathogenic traits of these isolates. What is more, transmission characteristics in guinea pigs of two airborne isolates were determined in experimental conditions. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the homologies of HA and NA genes of eight isolates were 95.4-99.7% and 86.6-99.8% respectively. They were able to duplicate in lung tissues of guinea pigs without prior adaptation. Two airborne isolates could both transmit among guinea pigs by direct contact. No infection was detected in aerosol contact animals while H9N2 AIV aerosols were detected in the air of isolators. Aerosol infection dose experiment showed that aerosol median infective dose (ID(50)) of H9N2 AIV to guinea pigs was 3.58×10(6)copies, demonstrating that the aerosols could infect guinea pigs at certain concentrations in experimental condition. In conclusion, H9N2 AIV aerosols were infectious to mammals, suggesting that urgent attention will need to be paid to its transmission.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Baozhi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Meiling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xianzhu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xiaonan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhihao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xinxian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huili
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Roesler
authors.forename: Zengmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Tongjie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chai
mesh_terms: D000391:Air Microbiology; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus