title: Interleukin-6 -634 C/G and -174 G/C polymorphisms in Korean patients undergoing hemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic inflammatory status is a possible risk factor for vascular access dysfunction in hemodialysis (HD) patients, but susceptibility differences appear among individuals. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a well-known inflammatory cytokine with various polymorphisms. We examined whether IL-6 polymorphisms are associated with vascular access dysfunction in HD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 80 HD patients (including 42 diabetic patients) were enrolled. Polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene promoter (-634 C/G and -174 G/C) were studied using restriction length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction analysis. Vascular access patency was compared between the patient groups with respect to IL-6 polymorphisms. An additional 89 healthy individuals were enrolled in the control group. Plasma IL-6 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The GG genotype and G allele at position -634 in the IL-6 promoter were more frequently observed in HD patients than in controls. Furthermore, the distribution of the -634 polymorphism differed according to vascular access patency in non-diabetic HD patients. However, the G allele was not a significant risk factor for early access failure. No significant association appeared between the IL-6 -634 C/G polymorphism and plasma IL-6 levels. The C allele of the IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism was not detected in our study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IL-6 -634 G allele appears with greater frequently in patients with end-stage renal disease and may be associated with vascular access dysfunction in non-diabetic HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Seung-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D056910:Republic of Korea; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6