title: Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells prevent diabetic renal injury through paracrine action.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study examined renoprotective effect of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSC) in diabetes. NRK-52E cells were utilized to determine the paracrine effect of hUCB-MSC.
  
  
  METHODS
  hUCB was harvested with the mother's consent. MSC obtained from the hUCB were injected through the tail vein. Growth arrested and synchronized NRK-52E cells were stimulated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the presence of hUCB-MSC conditioned media.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 4 weeks after the streptozotocin (STZ) injection, diabetic rats showed significantly increased urinary protein excretion, renal and glomerular hypertrophy, fractional mesangial area, renal expression of TGF-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen accumulation but decreased renal E-cadherin and bone morphogenic protein-7 expression, confirming diabetic renal injury. hUCB-MSC effectively prevented diabetic renal injury except renal and glomerular hypertrophy without a significant effect on blood glucose. CM-DiI-labeled hUCB-MSC and immunostaining of PKcs, a human nuclei antigen, confirmed a few engraftment of hUCB-MSC in diabetic kidneys. hUCB-MSC conditioned media inhibited TGF-β1-induced extracellular matrix upregulation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in NRK-52E cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate the renoprotective effect of hUCB-MSC in STZ-induced diabetic rats possibly through secretion of humoral factors and suggest hUCB-MSC as a possible treatment modality for diabetic renal injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioinspired Science, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Inah
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Soo Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hoon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hunjoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1