title: Cost and logistics of alternative roll-out options for implementing human papillomavirus testing as a triage in cervical screening: results of the sentinel sites study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have indicated that human papillomavirus (HPV) testing as a triage for managing equivocal cytology is cost-effective. The aim of this study was to assess the costs of alternative roll-out options.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detailed cost estimates were collected from six laboratories where HPV triage had been implemented. Costs were assessed for the two different service delivery models that were implemented; a 'hub and spoke model' of central HPV testing in a microbiology laboratory with separate cytology laboratories, and an 'integrated model' where HPV testing was conducted within the cytology laboratory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of alternative delivery models indicated that setting up HPV processing within existing cytology laboratory, i.e., an 'integrated cytology/HPV laboratory' generated savings in staff time amounting to between £2.54 and 4.86 per sample processed. Running full HPV testing batches was also an important consideration. For full batches to be run on a twice weekly basis requires having no more than two laboratories per Strategic Health Authority.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To be cost-efficient, and to meet turn-around times, HPV testing needs to be conducted at integrated cytology/HPV testing centres with sufficient throughput to run full batches of HPV tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, UK. rosa.legood@lshtm.ac.uk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Legood
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sadique
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patnick
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitchener
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003584:Cytological Techniques / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000191:economics* / Q000821:virology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014218:Triage / Q000191:economics*; D006113:United Kingdom; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000821:virology*; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000191:economics / Q000821:virology*