title: Sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity in passion fruit (Passiflora) cultivars.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The levels of sugars, ascorbic acid, total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were determined in fruit juices from seven passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) cultivars: P. edulis cultivars Purple, Frederick, Yellow, Pink, P. edulis f. flavicarpa, P. maliformis and P. quadrangularis (we also tested this cultivar's mesocarp).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Purple and Yellow P. edulis had significantly higher total sugar, 142.85 ± 0.17 g kg⁻¹ and 139.69 ± 0.12 g kg⁻¹, respectively, than other cultivars. Glucose and fructose content were higher in juice from vine-ripened fruits of Purple, Frederick and Yellow P. edulis, P. quadrangularis and P. maliformis. Sucrose content was significantly higher in juice of non-vine-ripened fruits of P. edulis (Pink) and P. edulis f. flavicarpa. Ascorbic acid, TPC and TAA were significantly higher in vine-ripened Purple and Yellow P. edulis; ranges were 0.22-0.33 g kg⁻¹, 342.80-382.00 mg gallic acid equivalent L⁻¹ and 409.13-586.70 µmol Trolox L⁻¹, respectively. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, the main variables - °Brix, total sugar, glucose, fructose, ascorbic acid, TPC and TAA - formed the characteristics for the group comprising Purple and Yellow P. edulis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucose, fructose, sucrose, ascorbic acid, TAA and TPC were quantified in passion fruit juices. Variation of the above variables in juices of Passiflora depends on the cultivar and ripeness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 97008, Bintulu, Sarawak. shiamala_32@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Shiamala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Devi Ramaiya
authors.forename: Japar Sidik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bujang
authors.forename: Muta Harah
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: Wong Sing
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Muhd Arif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shaffiq Sahrir
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005632:Fructose / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008296:Malaysia; D009753:Nutritive Value; D029598:Passiflora / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; D005947:Glucose; D001205:Ascorbic Acid