title: Effect of prophylactic supplementation with grape polyphenolics on endotoxin-induced serum secretory phospholipase A2 activity in rats.
abstract: This study investigated whether dietary supplementation of polyphenolics-rich grape extract (GE) could attenuate endotoxin-induced serum secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) activity, a modulator of inflammation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control  diet or the diet supplemented with polyphenolic-rich GE (100 or 300 mg/kg daily) for 3 wk prior to intraperitoneal injection of 3 or 15 mg/kg LPS. A fluorometric assay was used to measure serum sPLA(2) activity during a 5-d period before and after LPS injection. Body weight, hematocrit,  and serum C-reactive protein level were also measured. Administration of LPS induced a rapid increase in sPLA(2) activity, which peaked 1 to 2 d after LPS injection and resolved to near-baseline values on days 4 to 5. Marked declines in body weight and hematocrit, increases in C-reactive  protein levels, and effects on health status also occurred. GE supplementation significantly attenuated the LPS-induced increase in sPLA(2) activity and decline in hematocrit, but its effects on the loss of body weight and C-reactive protein levels were not significant. Among the  measurements, serum sPLA(2) was the only marker that showed a dose-dependent response to both LPS and GE supplementation. The current findings show that oral consumption of polyphenolic-rich GE suppresses endotoxin-induced sPLA(2) activity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. fhtsao@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Francis H C
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: Bryan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Culver
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Pierre
authors.forename: Dhanansayan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shanmuganayagam
authors.forename: Calvin C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Patten
authors.forename: Keith C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005470:Fluorometry; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006400:Hematocrit; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory / Q000097:blood*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D059808:Polyphenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D059808:Polyphenols; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory