title: Visualization of focused proton beam dose distribution by atomic force microscopy using blended polymer films based on polyacrylic acid.
abstract: A simple and sensitive sub-micrometer scale method for visualization of the dose distribution of a focused proton beam (FPB) was developed, taking advantage of the formation of a bulky crosslinked structure induced by FPB irradiation of a common polymer and cross-linker, polyacrylic acid-N, N'-methylene bisacrylamide, blend film surface. The irradiated part of the film swelled as a peak, and the height of swelling increased with increasing FPB fluence. The film was used as a proton beam-sensitive polymer film by analysis of the irradiated film surface using atomic force microscopy. The method was successfully applied to confirm the FPB pattern. Typical misaligned spot shape of FPB gave clear 3-dimensional structures, and the half-solenoidal nanostructures are visualized clearly by use of crescent shaped beam.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omichi
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Tomihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Takeru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koka
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kada
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seki