title: The effects of anesthetic regimen in 90% hepatectomy in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of the anesthetic regimen on anesthetic recovery, survival, and blood glucose levels following a 90% partial hepatectomy in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to their anesthetic regimens: intraperitoneal ketamine and xylazine or inhaled isoflurane. In order to prevent hypoglycemia, glucose was administered intraperitoneally and glucose (20%) was added to the drinking water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anesthetic recovery time was longer in the ketamine and xylazine group. The survival rate after 72 hours was lower (log rank=0.0001) in the ketamine and xylazine group (0.0%) than in the isoflurane group (26.7%). The blood glucose after six hours was lower (p=0.017) in the ketamine and xylazine group (63 ± 31.7 mg/dL) than in the isoflurane group (98 ± 21.2 mg/dL). The prolonged anesthesia recovery time associated with ketamine and xylazine decreased the survival rate and blood glucose levels after 90% hepatectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isoflurane anesthesia reduced the recovery time and incidence of hypoglycemia and increased the survival rate in the early hours, providing a therapeutic window that is suitable for experimental studies.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Experimental Gastroenterology and Hepatology Laboratory, Experimental Research Center and Pediatrics Unit, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carlos Oscar
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Kieling
authors.forename: Ariane Nadia
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Backes
authors.forename: Rafael Lucyk
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Carolina Uribe
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Alessandro Bersch
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Osvaldt
authors.forename: Themis Reverbel da
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.forename: Ursula da Silveira
authors.initials: Uda S
authors.lastname: Matte
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods*; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005947:Glucose / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014991:Xylazine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D001786:Blood Glucose; D014991:Xylazine; D007649:Ketamine; D007530:Isoflurane; D005947:Glucose