title: The effect of dorsal hippocampal administration of nicotinic and muscarinic cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol-induced generalized seizures in rats.
abstract: In the present study, the effects of intrahippocampal injections of cholinergic ligands on pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures were investigated in rats. The rats were assigned to 1 of the following 9 groups: saline, nicotine (0.5 or 1 μg), atropine (0.25 or 1 μg), oxotremorine-M (0.1 or 1 μg), or mecamylamine (2 or 8 μg). Cholinergic ligands were administered via intrahippocampal infusion 30 min before seizure induction (intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg PTZ). Results show that antagonists caused nonsignificant increases in the latency of tonic-clonic seizures, significant decreases in the duration of tonic-clonic seizures, significant decreases in the latency of death, and increases in mortality rate. Agonists led to increases in the duration of tonic-clonic seizures, decreases in the latency of death, and decreases in mortality rate. These results provide compelling evidence that cholinergic ligands show modulatory effects on a PTZ model of acute seizure in the rat hippocampus.
authors.affiliation: Master in Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Urmia, Iran. biologygholami@gmail.com
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gholami
authors.forename: Ehsan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saboory
authors.forename: Samad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zare
authors.forename: Shiva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roshan-Milani
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hajizadeh-Moghaddam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010095:Oxotremorine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D010095:Oxotremorine; C042743:oxotremorine M; D009538:Nicotine; D001285:Atropine; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole