Leucine and citrulline: two major regulators of protein turnover.
Both leucine and citrulline stimulate muscle protein synthesis, in part through a common mechanism of action mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway. Both leucine- and citrulline-enriched diets improve nutritional status in various experimental models of injury. However, in the context of intensive care unit (ICU) patients, there is conflicting data on leucine and no data at all on citrulline. Therefore, beyond a strong rationale, large clinical studies are required before any reliable recommendations can be issued on the use of leucine- or citrulline-enriched diets in ICU patients.
Luc
L
Cynober
Jean-Pascal
JP
de Bandt
Christophe
C
Moinard
D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002956:Citrulline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007930:Leucine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018529:Nutritional Support; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D002956:Citrulline; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D007930:Leucine