Developmental current and future therapy for severe asthma.
Severe or refractory bronchial asthma represents 5-10% of the asthmatic population that responds poorly to high doses of inhaled corticosteroids. Biopharmaceutical approaches have identified new therapies that target key cells and mediators, such as Th2-cells, cytokines, and chemokines. However, some of the clinical trials with these biologics in patients with asthma have been unsuccessful, thus some of these studies had to be discontinued. This article will review current therapeutic strategies of biological immune response modifiers in decreasing pathological immune responses. Therapies using cytokine inhibitors currently provide a way to elucidate the role of individual cytokines in the pathogenesis of human diseases and may yield new approaches to identifying asthma phenotypes.
Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Morioka, Japan. ICB75097@nifty.com
Yutaka
Y
Nakamura
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000628:therapy*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D057285:Precision Medicine; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D016207:Cytokines