Urolithiasis in Nairobi, Kenya.
BACKGROUND
Urolithiasis is an emerging problem in Kenya previously thought to be very rare and in which the use of modern methods of treatment has not been widely practiced


OBJECTIVE
To review the presentation and management of patients presenting with urolithiasis in Nairobi, Kenya


METHODS
A retrospective study


METHODS
The Nairobi hospital and Upper Hill Medical Centre a day care facility next to the Nairobi hospital


METHODS
One hundred and twenty five males and fifty three females aged 9 to 75 years


RESULTS
One hundred and seventy eight patients were treated for urolithiasis over a five-and- half year period. Their mean age was 44.8 years, and the median was 45 years The 178 patients required 262 procedures to achieve stone clearance. One hundred and two patients had ESWL, with an overall stone clearance rate of 95%. Twenty-three patients had PCNL; 18 as the first procedure and 5 after failed ESWL. Fifty-one patients had ureteroscopic management. Forty seven had laser or pneumatic lithotripsy while four had stone removal by Dormia basket. Seven patients had bladder calculi managed by either cystolitholapaxy or forceps retrieval.


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates a higher annual incidence of urolithiasis in Nairobi than earlier literature. Study demonstrates that ESWL and ureteroscopic methods are highly effective in the treatment of renal and ureteral calculi as day care procedures.
Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676 - 00202, Nairobi, Kenya.
P M
PM
Ngugi
G A O
GA
Magoha
D
D
Kiptoon
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult