In vitro fertilisation treatment and factors affecting success.
The efficacy of assisted reproductive technologies has improved significantly over the past decades. The main indications for in vitro fertilisation include tubal obstruction, severe male-factor infertility, severe endometriosis, ovulatory dysfunction, diminished ovarian reserve, and infertility of unexplained cause. In vitro fertilisation has also become an effective treatment option for couples wishing to undergo pre-implantation genetic diagnosis or screening, and for those wishing to cryopreserve their oocytes or embryos for preservation of fertility. The management of women in late reproductive age poses a major challenge; the optimum in vitro fertilisation treatment for poor responders remains elusive. The success of in vitro fertilisation treatment can be optimised by taking an individualised, patient-centered approach to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. Key components involve selection of an appropriate controlled ovarian protocol, close-cycle monitoring, adjustment of gonadotropin dosage to avoid hyper-response, and individualised timing of human chorionic gonadotropin injection. Future directions of assisted reproductive technologies include development of non-invasive embryo selection methods, use of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and time-lapse imaging technologies.
The Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, 1305 York Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY, USA.
Jack Yu Jen
JY
Huang
Zev
Z
Rosenwaks
D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D016471:Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
D015415:Biomarkers; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone