Mechanisms of complement lectin pathway activation and resistance by trypanosomatid parasites.
Studies in the past decade have demonstrated a crucial role for the complement lectin pathway in host defence against protozoan microbes. Recognition of pathogen surface molecules by mannan-binding lectin and ficolins revealed new mechanisms of innate immune defence and a diversity of parasite strategies of immune evasion. In the present review, we will discuss the current knowledge of: (1) the molecular mechanism of lectin pathway activation by trypanosomes; (2) the mechanisms of complement evasion by trypanosomes; and (3) host genetic deficiencies of complement lectin pathway factors that contribute to infection susceptibility and disease progression. This review will focus on trypanosomatids, the parasites that cause Chagas disease, leishmaniasis and sleeping sickness (African trypanosomiasis).
Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Igor
I
Cestari
Ingrid
I
Evans-Osses
Luregn J
LJ
Schlapbach
Iara
I
de Messias-Reason
Marcel I
MI
Ramirez
D000818:Animals; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D037582:Complement Pathway, Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D037102:Lectins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014643:Variant Surface Glycoproteins, Trypanosoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000097604:Ficolins
D003165:Complement System Proteins; D037102:Lectins; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin; D014643:Variant Surface Glycoproteins, Trypanosoma; D000097604:Ficolins