Quantification of the effects of various soil fumigation treatments on nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in laboratory incubation and field studies.
Better quantification of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification after fumigation would indicate if any adjustment is needed in fertilizer application. The effects of chloropicrin (Pic), 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and metham sodium (MS) fumigation on soil nitrogen dynamics were evaluated in lab incubation and field studies. Although some differences were observed in NH(4)(+)-N and NO(3)(-)-N concentrations in lab incubation and field experiments, both studies led to the same conclusions: (1) Soil fumigation was shown to increase soil mineral nitrogen only during the first 2 weeks after fumigation (WAF). In particular, Pic significantly increased soil mineral nitrogen in both studies at 1 WAF. However, for all fumigant treatments the observed effect was temporary; the soil mineral content of treated samples recovered to the general level observed in the untreated control. (2) All the fumigation treatments depressed nitrification temporarily, although the treatments exhibited significant differences in the duration of nitrification inhibition. In both studies, for a limited period of time, Pic showed a stronger inhibitory effect on nitrification compared to other fumigant treatments. An S-shaped function was fitted to the concentrations of NO(3)(-)-N in lab incubation samples. The times of maximum nitrification (t(max)) in DMDS and MS treatments were 0.97 week and 1.03 week, which is similar to the untreated control (t(max)=1.02 week). While Pic has the longest effect on nitrifying bacteria, nitrification appears to restart at a later time (t(max)=14.37 week).
Department of Pesticides, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
Dongdong
D
Yan
Qiuxia
Q
Wang
Liangang
L
Mao
Wei
W
Li
Hongwei
H
Xie
Meixia
M
Guo
Aocheng
A
Cao
D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D005651:Fumigation / Q000379:methods*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D058465:Nitrification; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000737:chemistry
D000498:Allyl Compounds; D004220:Disulfides; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D013859:Thiocarbamates; C008435:methyldithiocarbamate; C021181:dimethyl disulfide; C023891:1,3-dichloro-1-propene; D009584:Nitrogen