In vitro efficacy of Coriandrum sativum, Lippia sidoides and Copaifera reticulata against Leishmania chagasi.
The increased incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil is due to a lack of effective disease control measures. In addition to that, no effective treatment exists for canine VL in response to synthetic drugs. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the essential oils of Coriandrum sativum and Lippia sidoides, and oleoresin from Copaifera reticulata, on Leishmania chagasi promastigotes and amastigotes. We also examined the toxicity of these treatments on the murine monocyte cell line RAW 264.7. To determine the IC50 a MTT test (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was performed on promastigotes, and an in situ ELISA assay was conducted on amastigotes. Here, we demonstrate that oleoresin from C. reticulata was effective against both promastigotes (IC50 of 7.88 µg.mL-1) and amastigotes (IC50 of 0.52 µg.mL-1), and neither of the two treatments differed significantly (p > 0.05) from pentamidine (IC50 of 2.149 µg.mL-1) and amphotericin B (IC50 of 9.754 µg.mL-1). Of the three plant oils tested, only oleoresin showed no toxicity toward monocyte, with 78.45% viability after treatment. Inhibition of promastigote and amastigote growth and the lack of cytotoxicity by C. reticulata demonstrate that oleoresin may be a viable option for analyzing the in vivo therapeutic effects of leishmanicidal plants.
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
Fernanda Cristina Macedo
FC
Rondon
Claudia Maria Leal
CM
Bevilaqua
Marina Parissi
MP
Accioly
Selene Maia
SM
de Morais
Heitor Franco
HF
de Andrade-Júnior
Camila Aparecida
CA
de Carvalho
Josemar Coelho
JC
Lima
Hilton César Rodrigues
HC
Magalhães
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D028526:Coriandrum; D007887:Fabaceae; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects*; D032411:Lippia; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000469:parasitology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; C018620:oleoresins