Risk maps for liver surgery.
OBJECTIVE
Optimal display of surgical planning data in the operating room is challenging. In liver surgery, an expressive and effective intraoperative visualization of 3D planning models is still a pressing need. The objective of this work is to visualize surgical planning information using a map display.


METHODS
An approach for risk analysis and visualization of planning models is presented which provides relevant information at a glance without the need for user interaction. Therefore, we present methods for the identification and classification of critical anatomical structures in the proximity of a preoperatively planned resection surface. Shadow-like distance indicators are introduced to encode the distance from the resection surface to these critical structures on a risk map. The work is demonstrated with examples in liver resection surgery and evaluated within two user studies.


RESULTS
The results of the performed user studies show that the proposed visualization techniques facilitate the process of risk assessment in liver resection surgery and might be a valuable extension to surgical navigations system.


CONCLUSIONS
The approach provides a new and objective basis for the assessment of risks during liver surgery and has the potential to improve the outcome of surgical interventions.
Fraunhofer MEVIS, Insitute for Medical Image Computing, Bremen, Germany. Christian.Hansen@mevis.fraunhofer.de
Christian
C
Hansen
Stephan
S
Zidowitz
Felix
F
Ritter
Christoph
C
Lange
Karl
K
Oldhafer
Horst K
HK
Hahn
D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008954:Models, Biological; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D014584:User-Computer Interface