[Kinetic distribution of cyst-forming Chinese isolate of Toxoplasma gondii in mice].
OBJECTIVE
To determine the kinetics of infection and cyst formation in CD1 mice following oral infection with cyst-forming Chinese isolate of Toxoplasma gondii TgCtwh1(genotype China 1, ToxoDB#9).


METHODS
50 CD1 female mice were obtained from specific pathogen-free (SPF) mouse colony in the Vital River Laboratories (VRL), Beijing. Mice were randomly divided into 10 groups each with 5 mice. All mice but control were peroral gavage infected with 50 cysts (1x10(4) bradyzoites) of TgCtwh1 isolate of T. gondii isolated from Wuhan, China. Cysts were isolated from the entire brain of mice infected with TgCtwh1 by density gradient centrifugation over Fycoll-paque plus. Animals were orally inoculated with cysts on day zero, and peripheral blood, lymph nodes, heart, liver, and brain of infected mice were collected on days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 35, 50, and 72 post infection. Five mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation under anesthesia at each time of collection, and the kinetic distribution was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and tissue inoculation into fresh mice. The cyst formation at various intervals after infection was also observed, as was the number of the cysts in brains and the cyst-forming rate.


RESULTS
The body weight of the mice lessened (3.650 +/- 0.252)g post oral infection on day 7, and the weight was progressively decreased between day 10 [(1.730 +/- 0.017)g] and day 14 [(-0.390 +/- 0.554) g] after infection (P<0.05). In the brain tissue, cysts were first observed on day 21 post oral infection and the cyst-forming rate was 80%, and the average diameter of cysts was 20-40 microm. While on day 35 after infection, the cysts were formed in all infected mice(cyst-forming rate was 100%) and the average diameter was 50-60 microm. In chronic infection, DNA copies of parasites were first detected in blood, heart, liver and lymph node at 3.51 +/- 0.152, 4.100 +/- 0.198, 4.220 +/- 0.209 and 4.960 +/- 0.052 respectively on day 2, then in the brain on day 4 (3.800 +/- 0.154). During the early days of infection, the parasite burden in blood was progressively increased until days 7 (5.240 +/- 0.115) then gradually decreased and become undetectable on day 35. The burden of T. gondii in the heart and brain tissues increased significantly and reached their maximum on day 14 (5.640 +/- 0.214) and day 10 (5.790 +/- 0.060), respectively, and remained a stable level thereafter. Liver and lymph tissues reached their maximum on day 7 (5.310 +/- 0.038) and day 10 (6.200 +/- 0.152), then gradually decreased and become undetectable on day 50.


CONCLUSIONS
The parasitemia in mice infected with T. gondii cyst-forming isolate lasts for 21 d at least, and cysts are detected in brain on day 21.
Department of Parasitology, Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology & Parasitology and Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Lin
L
Wang
Xing-Xing
XX
Huo
Zhao-Wu
ZW
Chen
He
H
Chen
Li
L
Yu
Xiao-Rong
XR
Song
Halm-Lai
HL
Faustina
Qing-Li
QL
Luo
Ji-Long
JL
Shen
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D017125:Genes, Protozoan; D005838:Genotype; D051379:Mice; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000469:parasitology*