Antimutagenic activity of Lutein--an oxycarotenoid present in the macula and its inhibition of cytochrome P 450 enzymes in vitro.
Carotenoid lutein was investigated for its antimutagenic activity in vitro by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 102 and TA 1535. Mutagens used were direct acting mutagens such as sodiumazide (NaN3) (5μg/ plate), nitro-o- phenylendiamine (NPDA) (20μg/ plate), N-methyl- N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) (1μg/ plate), tobacco extract (50mg/ plate) and acetamidofluorene (AAF) (20μg/ plate) which needed microsomal activation. Lutein significantly inhibited the mutagenicity produced by direct acting mutagens as well as mutagens needing activation by cytochrome P450 enzymes at very low concentration (IC50 < 50 μg/plate). Lutein alsoinhibited the mutagenicity induced by tobacco extract (IC50 < 50 μg/plate). Cytochrome P 450 enzymes which are involved in the activation of several biological agents were found to be inhibited by lutein. Results indicated that strong antioxidant activity of lutein as well as inhibition of carcinogen metabolisom enzymes are the major reason for the inhibition of mutagenicity by this oxycarotenoid.
Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala-680 555, India. sindhuer@gmail.com
Edakkadath R
ER
Sindhu
Alikkunjhi P
AP
Firdous
Ramnath
R
Viswanathan
Ramadasan
R
Kuttan
D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics
D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D009153:Mutagens; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D014975:Lutein