Bone-targeted agents: preventing skeletal complications in prostate cancer.
In men, prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy and the second most common cause of cancer death. Skeletal complications occur at various points during the disease course, either due to bone metastases directly, or as an unintended consequence of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Bone metastases are associated with pathologic fractures, spinal cord compression, and bone pain and can require narcotics or palliative radiation for pain relief. ADT results in bone loss and fragility fractures. This review describes the biology of bone metastases, skeletal morbidity, and recent advances in bone-targeted therapies to prevent skeletal complications of prostate cancer.
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA. alicia.morgans@vanderbilt.edu
Alicia K
AK
Morgans
Matthew R
MR
Smith
D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000556:secondary; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004002:Clodronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069448:Denosumab; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D000077268:Pamidronate; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012493:Samarium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017312:Toremifene / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D004002:Clodronic Acid; D012493:Samarium; D000069448:Denosumab; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D017312:Toremifene; D000077268:Pamidronate