Gamma-delta T-cell responses during subcutaneous Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis challenge in sensitized or naive calves using matrix biopolymers.
We have developed a model to explore the early immune response against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) infection in the bovine calf using subcutaneously placed liquid gel matrix biopolymer (matrigel) containing live Map. Matrigel rapidly polymerizes in vivo, retains recruited cellular infiltrates and soluble immune mediators, and can be rapidly removed 48 hours later and depolymerized for analysis. In this study, we examined early host immune events at matrigel/Map sites; recruited cells were evaluated by histopathology and flow cytometry, and cytokines were measured by flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Luminex bead immunoassay. Our results demonstrate earlier recruitment of gamma-delta (γδ) T cells to matrigel/Map challenge sites compared to CD4+ T cells. We also show that significantly more γδ T cells were recruited to matrigel/Map sites postinfection day 7 compared to postinfection day 30 and that these cells produced significant amounts of the cytokine interferon gamma. We also provide evidence that peripheral blood-derived γδ T-cell subsets in cattle differentially generate interferon gamma, suggesting distinct roles for these cells. These data provide unique insight into initial antimycobacterial host cellular immune responses following Map infection in calves.
Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. bplattne@uoguelph.ca
B L
BL
Plattner
E L
EL
Huffman
J M
JM
Hostetter
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000276:immunology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007797:Laminin / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D010641:Phenotype; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000276:immunology*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D001704:Biopolymers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; C059485:matrigel; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003094:Collagen