B-mode ultrasound versus color Doppler twinkling artifact in detecting kidney stones.
OBJECTIVE
To compare color Doppler twinkling artifact and B-mode ultrasonography in detecting kidney stones.


METHODS
Nine patients with recent CT scans prospectively underwent B-mode and twinkling artifact color Doppler ultrasonography on a commercial ultrasound machine. Video segments of the upper pole, interpolar area, and lower pole were created, randomized, and independently reviewed by three radiologists. Receiver operator characteristics were determined.


RESULTS
There were 32 stones in 18 kidneys with a mean stone size of 8.9±7.5 mm. B-mode ultrasonography had 71% sensitivity, 48% specificity, 52% positive predictive value, and 68% negative predictive value, while twinkling artifact Doppler ultrasonography had 56% sensitivity, 74% specificity, 62% positive predictive value, and 68% negative predictive value.


CONCLUSIONS
When used alone, B-mode is more sensitive, but twinkling artifact is more specific in detecting kidney stones. This information may help users employ twinkling and B-mode to identify stones and developers to improve signal processing to harness the fundamental acoustic differences to ultimately improve stone detection.
Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. mathews@uw.edu
Mathew D
MD
Sorensen
Jonathan D
JD
Harper
Ryan S
RS
Hsi
Anup R
AR
Shah
Manjiri K
MK
Dighe
Stephen J
SJ
Carter
Mariam
M
Moshiri
Marla
M
Paun
Wei
W
Lu
Michael R
MR
Bailey
D016477:Artifacts; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000379:methods*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*