The effect of foot orthotic use on exercise related leg pain in cross country athletes.
OBJECTIVE
The purposes of this research were to (1) investigate the effect of foot orthotic use on exercise related leg pain (ERLP) in cross-country (XC) athletes, and (2) determine if an association between foot type and foot orthotic use exists.


METHODS
Prospective cohort design.


METHODS
High schools and colleges in a Midwestern metropolitan region.


METHODS
213 high school and college XC athletes (107 male, 106 female).


METHODS
Participants were seen before the fall XC season for classification of foot type, visual orthotic inspection, and questionnaire completion regarding foot orthotic use and ERLP. Statistical analysis of relationships (chi-square) was conducted.


RESULTS
37 of the 213 XC athletes (17.4%) used foot orthotics; 31 of the 37 athletes using foot orthotics (83.8%) reported a history of ERLP. Of these 31 athletes, 17 (54.8%) were using orthotics for ERLP and 15 reported a decrease in ERLP with orthotic use. Fourteen athletes were using orthotics for a reason other than ERLP and only 2 reported a decrease in ERLP with orthotic use. Athletes using orthotics included all three foot types (pronated, neutral, supinated) with no relationship between orthotic use and foot type.


CONCLUSIONS
One-sixth of the XC athletes used foot orthotics and most using orthotics for ERLP reported a decrease in ERLP symptoms. The majority of athletes using orthotics for reasons other than ERLP reported no change in ERLP symptoms. There was no association between foot type and orthotic use.
Saint Louis University, Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, 3437 Caroline Street, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA. reinking@slu.edu
Mark F
MF
Reinking
Ann M
AM
Hayes
Tricia M
TM
Austin
D000293:Adolescent; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D061826:Foot Orthoses; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012420:Running / Q000293:injuries*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014142:Track and Field / Q000293:injuries*; D055815:Young Adult