Tort reform is associated with significant increases in Texas physicians relative to the Texas population.
BACKGROUND
Texas implemented comprehensive tort reform in 2003. We hypothesized that tort reform was followed by a significant increase of physicians practicing in Texas.


METHODS
To test this hypothesis, we compared the rate of physician growth prior to and following tort reform, and the number of licensed physicians and physicians per 100,000.


RESULTS
Comparing before and after tort reform, the rate of increase in Texas physicians per 100,000 population increased significantly (p < 0.01). From 2002 to 2012, the Texas population increased 21 %. The number of actively practicing Texas physicians increased by 15,611 a 44 % increase (46 % metro areas vs. 9 % non-metro areas), an increase of 30 physicians per 100,000 population (p < 0.01). Non-metropolitan Texas had a net increase of 215 physicians; however, there was no change in the number of physicians per 100,000. Examining the data by trauma service areas (TSAs), 20 of 22 TSAs had an increase in both number of physicians and physicians per capita, five greater than 50 %.


CONCLUSIONS
The post-tort reform period in Texas was associated with a significantly increased growth rate of physicians relative to the Texas population. Tort reform, as implemented in Texas, provides a needed framework for improving access to health care.
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA. stewartr@uthscsa.edu
Ronald M
RM
Stewart
Molly
M
West
Richard
R
Schirmer
Kenneth R
KR
Sirinek
D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018166:Health Care Reform / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006280:Health Workforce / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D016365:Liability, Legal; D016014:Linear Models; D010820:Physicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000600:supply & distribution* / Q000639:trends; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011158:Population Growth; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013781:Texas