Emerging systemic fungal infections.
Systemic mycoses are a heterogeneous group of infections caused by different species of fungi that mainly affect individuals with primary or secondary alterations of immunity. In recent years, there has been an increase in the incidence of infections related to migration, AIDS, and other causes of immunosuppression, such as solid organ and bone marrow transplantation; oncological, hematological, and autoimmune diseases; and the use of new drugs. In this paper, we outline the microbiological and epidemiological characteristics of 3 fungi: Aspergillus spp, Fusarium spp, and Penicillium spp. We describe the clinical manifestations of disease with emphasis on those that should alert the dermatologist to make an early diagnosis. We detail the various tools for early diagnosis, prevention, and the epidemiology of different antifungals available for treatment and their mechanism of action and therapeutic efficacy.
Department of Dermatology, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Juan D. Peron 4190 (CP1181ACH), Buenos Aires, Argentina. ricardo.galimberti@hospitalitaliano.org.ar
Ricardo
R
Galimberti
Ana Clara
AC
Torre
María Carolina
MC
Baztán
Florencia
F
Rodriguez-Chiappetta
D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D060585:Fusariosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D010407:Penicillium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity
D000935:Antifungal Agents