Pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus infection is associated with expansion of the enteric virome.
Pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection is associated with enteropathy, which likely contributes to AIDS progression. To identify candidate etiologies for AIDS enteropathy, we used next-generation sequencing to define the enteric virome during SIV infection in nonhuman primates. Pathogenic, but not nonpathogenic, SIV infection was associated with significant expansion of the enteric virome. We identified at least 32 previously undescribed enteric viruses during pathogenic SIV infection and confirmed their presence by using viral culture and PCR testing. We detected unsuspected mucosal adenovirus infection associated with enteritis as well as parvovirus viremia in animals with advanced AIDS, indicating the pathogenic potential of SIV-associated expansion of the enteric virome. No association between pathogenic SIV infection and the family-level taxonomy of enteric bacteria was detected. Thus, enteric viral infections may contribute to AIDS enteropathy and disease progression. These findings underline the importance of metagenomic analysis of the virome for understanding AIDS pathogenesis.
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Scott A
SA
Handley
Larissa B
LB
Thackray
Guoyan
G
Zhao
Rachel
R
Presti
Andrew D
AD
Miller
Lindsay
L
Droit
Peter
P
Abbink
Lori F
LF
Maxfield
Amal
A
Kambal
Erning
E
Duan
Kelly
K
Stanley
Joshua
J
Kramer
Sheila C
SC
Macri
Sallie R
SR
Permar
Joern E
JE
Schmitz
Keith
K
Mansfield
Jason M
JM
Brenchley
Ronald S
RS
Veazey
Thaddeus S
TS
Stappenbeck
David
D
Wang
Dan H
DH
Barouch
Herbert W
HW
Virgin
D000818:Animals; D002139:Caliciviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010321:Parvoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*