Systemic oxidative stress, as measured by urinary allantoin and F(2)-isoprostanes, is not increased in Down syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
Oxidative stress has been implicated in Down syndrome (DS) pathology. This study compares DS individuals and controls on their urinary levels of allantoin and 2,3-dinor-iPF2α-III; these biomarkers have been previously validated in a clinical model of oxidative stress.


METHODS
Urine samples were collected from 48 individuals with DS and 130 controls. Biomarkers were assayed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, normalized by urinary creatinine concentration.


RESULTS
After adjusting for age and gender, mean allantoin levels were lower among DS individuals versus controls (P = .04). The adjusted mean levels of 2,3-dinor-iPF2α-III were similar in DS individuals and controls (P = .7).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results do not support the hypothesis that DS individuals have chronic systemic oxidative stress.
Department of Pediatrics, Medical Genetics Division, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Adviye A
AA
Tolun
Peter M
PM
Scarbrough
Haoyue
H
Zhang
Jane-Ann
JA
McKillop
Frances
F
Wang
Priya S
PS
Kishnani
David S
DS
Millington
Sarah P
SP
Young
Dora
D
Il'yasova
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000481:Allantoin / Q000652:urine*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine*; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D000481:Allantoin