Cardioembolic stroke in patients with patent foramen ovale and implanted cardiac leads.
Implanted cardiac devices, including pacemakers, defibrillators, and resynchronization devices, are known to develop thrombus on their intravascular leads. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) occurs in approximately one-quarter of the adult population. It is unclear whether paradoxical cardioembolism and clinically relevant stroke occur in patients with implanted cardiac leads and PFO. We present a case series of four patients with cardioembolic stroke, presumed to arise from intravascular cardiac leads and associated PFO that required device closure of the PFO.
Department of Internal Medicine, Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Christopher V
CV
DeSimone
Daniel C
DC
DeSimone
Donald J
DJ
Hagler
Paul A
PA
Friedman
Samuel J
SJ
Asirvatham
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D020878:Device Removal; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome