Human transcriptome analysis of acute responses to glucose ingestion reveals the role of leukocytes in hyperglycemia-induced inflammation.
Glucose ingestion-induced hyperglycemia has been known to induce inflammation, which is related to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. To examine acute gene expression responses to physiological oral glucose ingestion in human circulating leukocytes, we conducted a microarray study of human circulating leukocytes sampled before, 1 h after, and 2 h after glucose ingestion in community-based participants without previous histories of diabetes (n = 60). Ingestion of 75 g glucose successfully induced acute hyperglycemia (glucose concentration 91.6 ± 5.3 mg/dl for fasting and 180.7 ± 48.5 mg/dl for 1 h after glucose ingestion). Oral glucose ingestion significantly increased the expressions of 23 genes and decreased the expressions of 13 genes [false discovery rate (FDR) P value <0.05]. These genes are significantly involved in immunity by way of natural killer cell-mediated immunity, granulocyte-mediated immunity, and the cytokine-mediated signaling pathway (FDR P value <0.05). The present study demonstrated 36 genes that showed acute gene expression change in human leukocytes within 1 h after glucose ingestion, suggesting that leukocytes participate in the inflammatory process induced by acute hyperglycemia. We believe that these results will provide some basic insight into the role of leukocytes in hyperglycemia-induced inflammation and the pathogenesis of diabetic complications.
Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea.
Hyung Jin
HJ
Choi
Hye Sun
HS
Yun
Hyun Ju
HJ
Kang
Hyo-Jeong
HJ
Ban
Yeonjung
Y
Kim
Hye-Young
HY
Nam
Eun-Jung
EJ
Hong
So-Young
SY
Jung
Seung Eun
SE
Jung
Jae-Pil
JP
Jeon
Bok-Ghee
BG
Han
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008957:Models, Genetic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose