Changing trends of in vitro antimicrobial resistance patterns in blood isolates in a tertiary care hospital over a period of 4 years.
BACKGROUND
Multidrug-resistant organisms continue to be a problem for clinicians worldwide.


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the changing trend of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in the blood isolates over a period of 4 years in our hospital.


METHODS
This is a retrospective study done in tertiary care cardiac institute over a period of 4 years.


METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed blood culture positive isolates and studied the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of microorganisms during the period starting from January 2007 to December 2010.


METHODS
Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS for windows version 13.0. Fisher exact test or chi-square test was applied for comparison of categorical variables. P values less than .05 were considered as statistically significant.


RESULTS
The rate of blood culture positivity was 3.72%. Gram-negative bacteria were more common than Gram-positive bacteria. There was a gradual increase in Gram-negative bacteria especially Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter species. Klebsiella pneumoniae showed a significant increase of resistance to cefoperazone sulbactam (P = .023), piperacillin tazobactam (P < 0.001), imipenem (P < 0.001), and meropenem (P < 0.001) between the first (2007-2008) and second period (2009-2010) of study. The carbapenems resistance is on rise in Gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenters.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that there is a definite increase in the multidrug resistant organisms. The data on the changing trends in antibiotic resistance, we believe is an important pillar in our efforts at improving infection control practices.
Department of Microbiology, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, New Delhi-110 025, India. anuashish77@yahoo.com
Anu
A
Gupta
Shweta
S
Sharma
Anita
A
Arora
Ashish
A
Gupta
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003325:Coronary Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents