Streamed video clips to reduce anxiety in children during inhaled induction of anesthesia.
BACKGROUND
Anesthesia induction in children is frequently achieved by inhalation of nitrous oxide and sevoflurane. Pediatric anesthesiologists commonly use distraction techniques such as humor or nonprocedural talk to reduce anxiety and facilitate a smooth transition at this critical phase. There is a large body of successful distraction research that explores the use of video and television distraction methods for minor medical and dental procedures, but little research on the use of this method for ambulatory surgery. In this randomized control trial study we examined whether video distraction is effective in reducing the anxiety of children undergoing inhaled induction before ambulatory surgery.


METHODS
Children (control = 47, video = 42) between 2 and 10 years old undergoing ambulatory surgery were randomly assigned to a video distraction or control group. In the video distraction group a video clip of the child's preference was played during induction, and the control group received traditional distraction methods during induction. The modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale was used to assess the children's anxiety before and during the process of receiving inhalation anesthetics.


RESULTS
All subjects were similar in their age and anxiety scores before entering the operating rooms. Children in the video distraction group were significantly less anxious at induction and showed a significantly smaller change in anxiety from holding to induction than did children in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Playing video clips during the inhaled induction of children undergoing ambulatory surgery is an effective method of reducing anxiety. Therefore, pediatric anesthesiologists may consider using video distraction as a useful, valid, alternative strategy for achieving a smooth transition to the anesthetized state.
Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Katherine A
KA
Mifflin
Thomas
T
Hackmann
Jill Maclaren
JM
Chorney
D000367:Age Factors; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000523:psychology; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D014743:Videotape Recording / Q000379:methods*
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation