Management of comminuted but continuous mandible defects after gunshot injuries.
BACKGROUND
Firearm injuries continue as a major public health problem, contributing significant morbidity, mortality, and expense to our society. There are four main steps in the management of patients with gunshot wounds to the face: securing an airway, controlling haemorrhage, identifying other injuries and definitive repair of the traumatic facial deformities. The objective of this study was to determine late outcome of two treatment options by open reduction and internal fixation versus closed reduction and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) in the treatment of gunshot injuries of the mandible.


METHODS
Sixty patients of gunshot injury were randomly allocated in two groups. In group A, 30 patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation and in group B, 30 patients were treated by closed reduction and maxillomandibular fixation. Patients were discharged as the treatment completed and recalled for follow up. Up to 3 months after injury, fortnightly complications like infection, malocclusion, malunion of fractured fragments, facial asymmetry, sequestration of bone and exposed plates were evaluated and the differences between two groups were assessed. The follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 10 months.


RESULTS
Patients treated by open reduction tended to have less complications as compared to closed reduction.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on this study open reduction and internal fixation is the best available method for the treatment of gunshot mandible fractures without continuity defect.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. Electronic address: rana.majeed@mh-hannover.de.
Majeed
M
Rana
Riaz
R
Warraich
Ashkan
A
Rashad
Constantin
C
von See
Kashif A
KA
Channar
Madiha
M
Rana
Marcus
M
Stoetzer
Nils-Claudius
NC
Gellrich
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001860:Bone Plates; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000379:methods*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods; D018460:Fractures, Comminuted / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019248:Jaw Fixation Techniques; D008297:Male; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*