Macroscopic placental changes associated with fetal and maternal events in diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
The current study sought to identify macroscopic placental changes associated with clinical conditions in women with or without diabetes and their newborns.


METHODS
The study population consisted of 62 pregnant women clinically diagnosed with diabetes and 62 healthy women (control group).


RESULTS
Among the subjects with diabetes, 43 women (69.3%) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus, 15 had diabetes mellitus I (24.2%), and four had diabetes mellitus II (6.5%). The mean age of the women studied was 28.5 ± 5.71 years, and the mean gestational age of the diabetic women was 38.51 weeks. Of the 62 placentas from diabetic pregnancies, 49 (79%) maternal surfaces and 59 (95.2%) fetal surfaces showed abnormalities, including calcium and fibrin deposits, placental infarction, hematoma, and fibrosis. A statistical association was found between newborn gender and fetal and maternal placental changes (p = 0.002). The mean weight of the newborns studied was 3,287 ± 563 g for women with diabetes mellitus, 3,205 ± 544 g for those with gestational diabetes mellitus, 3,563 ± 696 g for those with diabetes mellitus II, and 3,095 ± 451 g for those with diabetes mellitus I.


CONCLUSIONS
Infarction, hematoma, calcification, and fibrin were found on the maternal and fetal placental surfaces in women with diabetes. Women with gestational diabetes and post-term infants had more calcium deposits on the maternal placental surface as compared to those with type I and type II diabetes.
Nursing School, Goias Federal University, Goiania/GO, Brazil.
Ana Karina Marques
AK
Salge
Karlla Morgana Nunes
KM
Rocha
Raphaela Maioni
RM
Xavier
Wilzianne Silva
WS
Ramalho
Érika Lopes
ÉL
Rocha
Janaína Valadares
JV
Guimarães
Renata Calciolari Rossi e
RC
Silva
Karina Machado
KM
Siqueira
Douglas Reis
DR
Abdalla
Márcia Antoniazzi
MA
Michelin
Eddie Fernando Candido
EF
Murta
D000328:Adult; D001034:Apgar Score; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013499:Surface Properties; D055815:Young Adult