[Epidemiological evidence for preventing prostate cancer by physical activity].
BACKGROUND
Earlier reviews yielded contradictory results for reducing the risk of prostate cancer by physical activity.


METHODS
32 Cohort studies and 17 case control studies taking the ones up to 2001 and the ones up to 2010 together. Additionally, subgroups from studies analyzing aggressive carcinomas and those after the age of 65 were presented separately.


RESULTS
In the mean, no risk reduction was found in earlier and in studies from the last 8 years with mostly imprecisely measured activity. In 7 studies with subgroups on aggressive forms a positive dose response relationship was documented, being significant in 3 studies. The subgroup over 65 years with high amount of physical activity yielded a significant effect in 3 studies.


CONCLUSIONS
Physical activity in leisure and in work fails to be protective but substantial evidence exists for an effective prevention by intensive physical activity.
Abteilung Sportmedizin, Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Silcherstr. 5, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland. hans-christian.heitkamp@med.uni-tuebingen.de
Hans-Christian
HC
Heitkamp
Ivan
I
Jelas
D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012306:Risk