Association between sleep apnea, sleep duration, and serum lipid profile in an urban, male, working population in Japan.
BACKGROUND
Dyslipidemia is often comorbid with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but few population-based studies have investigated their relationship. Short sleep duration is associated with hypertension and diabetes; however, its association with dyslipidemia is not well known. We investigated relationships among OSA, sleep duration, and the lipid profile in a community-based study.


METHODS
We measured the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) and sleep duration by a type 3 portable device and actigraph in 275 men in a Japanese company. Fasting blood parameters were obtained from periodic inspection data.


RESULTS
According to Japanese criteria, 143 subjects had dyslipidemia. Percent sleep time of oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) &lt; 90% and prevalence of severe OSA were greater and sleep duration and mean SpO2 during sleep were lower in subjects with dyslipidemia than in those without. Univariate analysis showed that the RDI was positively correlated with serum triglyceride (TG) levels (ρ = 0.20, P &lt; .01), and sleep duration was negatively correlated with serum total cholesterol (TC) levels (γ = -0.13, P = .03) and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (γ = -0.12, P = .04). Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that TG was correlated with RDI (β = 0.14, P = .02), BMI (β = 0.20, P &lt; .01), and alcohol intake (β = 0.20, P &lt; .01), and that TC was correlated with sleep duration (β = -0.13, P = .03), age (β = 0.15, P = .02), and waist/hip ratio (β = 0.15, P = .02).


CONCLUSIONS
Short sleep duration was associated with TC levels and RDI was positively associated with TG levels among working-aged men in an urban Japanese company. Correcting the status of OSA and/or short sleep duration might improve the lipid profile and cardiovascular consequences.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Yoshiro
Y
Toyama
Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto. Electronic address: chink@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Kazuo
K
Chin
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Yuichi
Y
Chihara
Department of Epidemiology and Healthcare Research, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto; Department of Prevalence Medicine and Epidemiologic Informatics, Research and Development Initiative Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka.
Misa
M
Takegami
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Shiga.
Ken-Ichi
KI
Takahashi
Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Minami Kyoto Hospital, Kyoto.
Kensuke
K
Sumi
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto City Hospital, Kyoto.
Takaya
T
Nakamura
Horizontal Medical Research Organization, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Yukiyo
Y
Nakayama-Ashida
Horizontal Medical Research Organization, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Itsunari
I
Minami
Department of Human Nursing, Faculty of Human Health, Sonoda Women's University, Hyogo.
Sachiko
S
Horita
Department of Sleep Control Medicine (Dr Oka), Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan.
Yasunori
Y
Oka
Environmental Health Nursing, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Tomoko
T
Wakamura
Department of Epidemiology and Healthcare Research, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Shun-Ichi
SI
Fukuhara
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Michiaki
M
Mishima
Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto.
Hiroshi
H
Kadotani
D056044:Actigraphy; D000328:Adult; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL