Adaptation of grapevine flowers to cold involves different mechanisms depending on stress intensity.
Grapevine flower development and fruit set are influenced by cold nights in the vineyard. To investigate the impact of cold stress on carbon metabolism in the inflorescence, we exposed the inflorescences of fruiting cuttings to chilling and freezing temperatures overnight and measured fluctuations in photosynthesis and sugar content. Whatever the temperature, after the stress treatment photosynthesis was modified in the inflorescence, but the nature of the alteration depended on the intensity of the cold stress. At 4°C, photosynthesis in the inflorescence was impaired through non-stomatal limitations, whereas at 0°C it was affected through stomatal limitations. A freezing night (-3°C) severely deregulated photosynthesis in the inflorescence, acting primarily on photosystem II. Cold nights also induced accumulation of sugars. Soluble carbohydrates increased in inflorescences exposed to -3°C, 0°C and 4°C, but starch accumulated only in inflorescences of plants treated at 0 and -3°C. These results suggest that inflorescences are able to cope with cold temperatures by adapting their carbohydrate metabolism using mechanisms that are differentially induced according to stress intensity.
Laboratoire de Stress, Défenses et Reproduction des Plantes, Unité de Recherche Vignes et Vins de Champagne, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.
Mélodie
M
Sawicki
Etienne
E
Jeanson
Vanessa
V
Celiz
Christophe
C
Clément
Cédric
C
Jacquard
Nathalie
N
Vaillant-Gaveau
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D035264:Flowers / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005453:Fluorescence; D005615:Freezing; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D056626:Inflorescence / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000502:physiology; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D005632:Fructose; D013395:Sucrose; D013213:Starch; D005947:Glucose