Poly I:C-induced tumor cell apoptosis mediated by pattern-recognition receptors.
Poly I:C is a synthetic dsRNA that can imitate a viral infection and elicit host immune responses by triggering specific pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) such as toll-like receptor 3 and retinoic acid inducible gene I(RIG-I)-like receptors, including RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5. Activation of these PRRs by poly I:C triggers a signal transduction cascade that results in the activation of NF-κB and production of type I interferon. Poly I:C has been used as a vaccine adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy for several decades. Evidence from recent studies indicates that poly I:C can directly induce apoptosis in several types of tumor cells, thus providing a new therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the induction of apoptosis by poly I:C is still unclear. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of poly I:C-induced tumor cell apoptosis, focusing on the key molecules and pathways involved in this process.
Key Laboratory for Rare Diseases of Shandong Province, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.
Xiangzhong
X
Zhao
Miao
M
Ai
Yuqi
Y
Guo
Xianbin
X
Zhou
Li
L
Wang
Xia
X
Li
Chengfang
C
Yao
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
D007369:Interferon Inducers; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D011070:Poly I-C