Effects of selenium source and level on growth performance, tissue selenium concentrations, antioxidation, and immune functions of heat-stressed broilers.
An experiment is conducted to investigate the effects of selenium (Se) source and level on growth performance, tissue Se concentrations, antioxidation, and immune functions of heat-stressed broilers from 22 to 42 days of age. A total of 210 22-day-old Arbor Acres commercial male chicks were assigned by body weight to one of seven treatments with six replicates of five birds each in a completely randomized design involving a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement plus one Se-unsupplemented basal diet control (containing 0.027 mg of Se/kg). The three Se sources were sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃), Se yeast, and AMMS Se (Se protein), and the two supplemental Se levels were 0.15 or 0.30 mg Se/kg. All birds were reared under heat-stressed condition (33 ± 1 °C during 0900-1700 hours and 27 ± 1 °C during 1900-0700 hours with a relative humidity of 60-80 %). The results showed that heat-stressed chicks fed Se-supplemented diets had higher (P < 0.10) average daily feed intake, Se concentrations in liver and breast muscle, liver glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, serum antibody titers against H5N1(Re-4 strain), H5N1(Re-5 strain) and lower (P < 0.01) mortality compared with the control. Chicks fed the diets supplemented with 0.30 mg/kg of Se had higher (P < 0.05) Se concentrations in liver and breast muscle, liver GSH-Px activity, and serum antibody titer against H5N1 (Re-4 strain) than those fed the diets supplemented with 0.15 mg/kg of Se. Broilers fed the diets supplemented with Se yeast had higher (P < 0.001) Se concentrations in liver and breast muscle than those fed the diets supplemented with Na₂SeO₃ or AMMS Se. However, broilers fed the diets supplemented with AMMS Se had higher (P < 0.05) serum antibody titers against H5N1 (Re-4 strain) and H5N1 (Re-5 strain) than those fed the diets supplemented with Na₂SeO₃. These results indicated that Se yeast was more effective than Na₂SeO₃ or AMMS Se in increasing tissue Se retention; however, AMMS Se was more effective than Na₂SeO₃ or Se yeast in improving immune functions of heat-stressed broilers.
Mineral Nutrition Research Division, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
Xiudong
X
Liao
Lin
L
Lu
Sufen
S
Li
Songbai
S
Liu
Liyang
L
Zhang
Guangying
G
Wang
Ang
A
Li
Xugang
X
Luo
D000818:Animals; D017849:Animals, Inbred Strains; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D002645:Chickens / Q000097:blood / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D007121:Immunocompetence; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D051140:Selenoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015430:Weight Gain; D015002:Yeast, Dried / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D030161:Avian Proteins; D051140:Selenoproteins; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D012643:Selenium; D018038:Sodium Selenite