Cloning, ligand-binding, and temporal expression of ecdysteroid receptors in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella.
BACKGROUND
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a devastating pest of cruciferous crops worldwide, and has developed resistance to a wide range of insecticides, including diacylhydrazine-based ecdysone agonists, a highly selective group of molt-accelerating biopesticides targeting the ecdysone receptors.


RESULTS
In this study, we cloned and characterized the ecdysone receptors from P. xylostella, including the two isoforms of EcR and a USP. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed striking conservations among insect ecdysone receptors, especially between P. xylostella and other lepidopterans. The binding affinity of ecdysteroids to in vitro-translated receptor proteins indicated that PxEcRB isoform bound specifically to ponasterone A, and the binding affinity was enhanced by co-incubation with PxUSP (Kd =3.0±1.7 nM). In contrast, PxEcRA did not bind to ponasterone A, even in the presence of PxUSP. The expression of PxEcRB were consistently higher than that of PxEcRA across each and every developmental stage, while the pattern of PxUSP expression is more or less ubiquitous.


CONCLUSIONS
Target site insensitivity, in which the altered binding of insecticides (ecdysone agonists) to their targets (ecdysone receptors) leads to an adaptive response (resistance), is one of the underlying mechanisms of diacylhydrazine resistance. Given the distinct differences at expression level and the ligand-binding capacity, we hypothesis that PxEcRB is the ecdysone receptor that controls the remodeling events during metamorphosis. More importantly, PxEcRB is the potential target site which is modified in the ecdysone agonist-resistant P. xylostella.
Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Baozhen
B
Tang
Wei
W
Dong
Pei
P
Liang
Xuguo
X
Zhou
Xiwu
X
Gao
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004441:Ecdysterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008024:Ligands; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment
D008024:Ligands; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C034808:ecdysteroid receptor; D004441:Ecdysterone; C008999:ponasterone A