The invention of immersion ultramicroscopy in 1912-the birth of nanotechnology?
Dawn of nanotechnology: the immersion ultramicroscope was patented a century ago. When an analyte was examined with an antique instrument and with state-of-the-art technology, the historic assumptions were confirmed: the size and shape of the nanoparticles are in the same range as that described 100 years ago. The spectra of the Tyndall cones caused by the shape of the nanoparticles were also described correctly-long before electron microscopy was able to image single nanoparticles.
Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany. timo.mappes@kit.edu
Timo
T
Mappes
Norbert
N
Jahr
Andrea
A
Csaki
Nadine
N
Vogler
Jürgen
J
Popp
Wolfgang
W
Fritzsche