Sus1/ENY2: a multitasking protein in eukaryotic gene expression.
The purpose of this review is to provide a complete overview on the functions of the transcription/export factor Sus1. Sus1 is a tiny conserved factor in sequence and functions through the eukaryotic kingdom. Although it was discovered recently, research done to address the role of Sus1/ENY2 has provided in deep description of different mechanisms influencing gene expression. Initially found to interact with the transcription and mRNA export machinery in yeast, it is now clear that it has a broad role in mRNA biogenesis. Sus1 is necessary for histone H2B deubiquitination, mRNA export and gene gating. Moreover, interesting observations also suggest a link with the cytoplasmatic mRNP fate. Although the role of Sus1 in human cells is largely unknown, preliminary results suggest interesting links to pathological states that range from rare diseases to diabetes. We will describe what is known about Sus1/ENY2 in yeast and other eukaryotes and discuss some exciting open questions to be solved in the future.
Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, CIPF. Gene Expression coupled to RNA Transport Laboratory, Eduardo Primo Yúfera, Valencia, Spain.
Amparo
A
Galán
Susana
S
Rodríguez-Navarro
D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034443:RNA Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D002843:Chromatin; C527171:Eny2 protein, human; D006657:Histones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; C507785:SAGA complex, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C481300:Sus1 protein, S cerevisiae; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C026452:messenger ribonucleoprotein; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; C486104:TREX2 protein, human