Cytokine gene polymorphisms in northern Indian women with recurrent miscarriages.
OBJECTIVE
To determine association of cytokine gene polymorphism with risk for recurrent miscarriages (RM).


METHODS
Retrospective case-control study on northern Indian RM cases versus control subjects.


METHODS
Medical facility.


METHODS
A total of 200 women with at least three unexplained spontaneous abortions before 20 weeks of gestation.


METHODS
Subjects were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction amplification followed by restriction digestion and allele-specific oligonucleotides.


METHODS
Detection of pro- and antiinflammatory gene polymorphism genotypes and allele frequencies.


RESULTS
We applied dominant and recessive models of inheritance, showing no association among T(H)2 [interleukin (IL) 10 (592 C/A) and transforming growth factor β] gene polymorphisms, while significant association was observed between T(H)2 [IL-4 (C590T), IL-6 (G174C), IL-10 (1082A/G and 819C/T)], and T(H)1 [interferon-γ (+874A/T)] with RM compared with control subjects. However, when classification and regression tree analysis was applied, this effect disappeared and demonstrated that IL-10 plays an important role in maintenance of pregnancy.


CONCLUSIONS
Interleukin-10 acts as an immunosuppressive by keeping a balance of pro- and antiinflammatory signals that coordinate the satisfactory development of pregnancy, placental growth, and remodeling for favorable pregnancy outcome.
Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Farah
F
Parveen
Anju
A
Shukla
Suraksha
S
Agarwal
D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D016207:Cytokines; D005819:Genetic Markers; D016753:Interleukin-10