Biological responses of silver-coated thermosets: an in vitro and in vivo study.
Bisphenol A glycidylmethacrylate (BisGMA)/triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) thermosets are biomaterials commonly employed for orthopedic and dental applications; for both these fields, bacterial adhesion to the surface of the implant represents a major issue for the outcome of the surgical procedures. In this study, the antimicrobial properties of a nanocomposite coating formed by polysaccharide 1-deoxylactit-1-yl chitosan (Chitlac) and silver nanoparticles (nAg) on methacrylate thermosets were studied. The Chitlac-nAg system showed good anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activity although its biocidal properties can be moderately, albeit significantly, inhibited by serum proteins. In vitro studies on the silver release kinetic in physiological conditions showed a steady metal release associated with a gradual loss of antimicrobial activity. However, after 3weeks there was still effective protection against bacterial colonization which could be accounted for by the residual silver. This time-span could be considered adequate to confer short-term protection from early peri-implant infections. Preliminary in vivo tests in a mini-pig animal model showed good biological compatibility of Chitlac-nAg-coated materials when implanted in bony tissue. The comparison was made with implants of titanium Ti6Al4V alloy and with a Chitlac-coated thermoset. Bone healing patterns and biocompatibility parameters observed for nAg-treated material were comparable with those observed for control implants.
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgieri 5, Trieste I-34127, Italy. emarsich@units.it
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Marsich
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Travan
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Donati
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Turco
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Kulkova
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N
Moritz
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Aro
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M
Crosera
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Paoletti
D000327:Adsorption / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001798:Blood Proteins; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D012834:Silver; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D048271:Chitosan