ZnO nanostructure-modified QCM for dynamic monitoring of cell adhesion and proliferation.
Noninvasive examination of live cell function in real-time is essential in advancing the understanding of the dynamic progression of cell's biological processes. We present a dynamic and noninvasive method of monitoring the adhesion and proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) using a ZnO nanostructure-modified quartz crystal microbalance (ZnOnano-QCM) biosensor. The ZnOnano-QCM biosensor consists of a conventional QCM with ZnO nanostructures directly grown on its sensing electrode deployed in-situ of a standard cell culture environment. Cell adhesion to the ZnO surfaces with various morphologies is studied and the optimal morphology is chosen for the BAEC adhesion. The ZnOnano-QCM biosensor displays enhanced sensitivity compared to the standard QCM sensor with ~10 times higher frequency shift and motional inductance, and ~4 times higher measured motional resistance at full confluency. The dynamic motional resistance and inductance relating to the cells' viscoelastic properties during growth are extracted from the measured time-evolving acoustic spectra. The Butterworth-Van-Dyck (BVD) model is adapted for the ZnOnano-QCM biosensor system and is used to correlate the measured time-evolving acoustic spectra with the motional characteristics of cell attachment and proliferation.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8058, USA.
Pavel Ivanoff
PI
Reyes
Ziqing
Z
Duan
Yicheng
Y
Lu
Dmitry
D
Khavulya
Nada
N
Boustany
D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003217:Conductometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D055617:Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
D015034:Zinc Oxide