Inhibition of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) channel (CRAC) by curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) via electrophilic addition to a cysteine residue of Orai1.
Ca(2+) influx through Ca(2+)-release activated Ca(2+) channels (CRAC) is critical for activating immune cells. Orai and STIM proteins comprise the molecular components of CRAC. We previously observed that curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) inhibit CRAC current in Orai1/STIM1-co-expressing HEK293 cells (Nam et al., 2009; Shin et al., 2011) [1,2]. Both compounds contain electrophilic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups that potentially form Michael addition with cysteine residues. We investigated the sensitivity of cysteine mutated Orai1 to curcumin and CAPE to delineate their inhibitory mechanism. Replacing the 195 cysteine residue with serine (C195S) reversed the effect of CAPE from inhibition to facilitation and significantly weakened the inhibitory effect of curcumin. Tetrahydrocurcumin, a curcumin metabolite, showed a less potent inhibitory effect on I(CRAC), and this effect was abolished in C195S Orai1. Additive mutation of other cysteines (C143S and C126S) had no further influence on the effects of CAPE and curcumin. These results indicate that the electrophilic addition to the Orai1 195Cys was responsible for the inhibitory effect of I(CRAC) by curcumin and CAPE.
Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.
Dong Hoon
DH
Shin
Joo Hyun
JH
Nam
Eung Seok
ES
Lee
Yinhua
Y
Zhang
Sung Joon
SJ
Kim
D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
D002109:Caffeic Acids; D015220:Calcium Channels; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; C096277:tetrahydrocurcumin; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D003474:Curcumin; D003545:Cysteine; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol; D002118:Calcium