A physical, genetic and functional sequence assembly of the barley genome.
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is among the world's earliest domesticated and most important crop plants. It is diploid with a large haploid genome of 5.1 gigabases (Gb). Here we present an integrated and ordered physical, genetic and functional sequence resource that describes the barley gene-space in a structured whole-genome context. We developed a physical map of 4.98 Gb, with more than 3.90 Gb anchored to a high-resolution genetic map. Projecting a deep whole-genome shotgun assembly, complementary DNA and deep RNA sequence data onto this framework supports 79,379 transcript clusters, including 26,159 'high-confidence' genes with homology support from other plant genomes. Abundant alternative splicing, premature termination codons and novel transcriptionally active regions suggest that post-transcriptional processing forms an important regulatory layer. Survey sequences from diverse accessions reveal a landscape of extensive single-nucleotide variation. Our data provide a platform for both genome-assisted research and enabling contemporary crop improvement.
Klaus F X
KF
Mayer
Robbie
R
Waugh
John W S
JW
Brown
Alan
A
Schulman
Peter
P
Langridge
Matthias
M
Platzer
Geoffrey B
GB
Fincher
Gary J
GJ
Muehlbauer
Kazuhiro
K
Sato
Timothy J
TJ
Close
Roger P
RP
Wise
Nils
N
Stein
D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000235:genetics; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018745:Genome, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D023281:Genomics; D001467:Hordeum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D059467:Transcriptome / Q000235:genetics
D018389:Codon, Nonsense