Comparative effectiveness of drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents in elderly patients undergoing revascularization of chronic total coronary occlusions: results from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry, 2005-2008.
OBJECTIVE
This study sought to investigate the long-term effectiveness of drug-eluting stents (DES) versus bare-metal stents (BMS).


BACKGROUND
Improved recanalization techniques have increased interest in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO). The long-term effectiveness of DES and BMS is not known.


METHODS
We used data from 10,261 stable patients age ≥65 years at 889 U.S. hospitals who underwent CTO PCI from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2008, in the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) CathPCI Registry with linked Medicare inpatient claims for follow-up. Patient and procedural characteristics, and 30-month death, myocardial infarction, revascularization, and hospitalization for bleeding were evaluated by stent type. Outcomes following stenting were adjusted and compared using propensity score matching.


RESULTS
DES were used for CTO PCI in 8,218 (80%) and BMS in 2,043 (20%). DES patients were younger (74.0 vs. 75.5 years, p < 0.001), had longer lesions (18.8 vs. 16.5 mm, p < 0.001), received more stents (≥2 stents in 45.7% vs. 37.9%, p < 0.001), and underwent multivessel PCI (18.9% vs. 15.1%, p < 0.001). DES implantation was associated with a lower hazard of mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: = 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60 to 0.86, p < 0.001), a similar hazard for myocardial infarction (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.61 to 1.19, p = 0.35), and subsequent revascularization (HR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.79 to 1.12, p = 0.48), including PCI (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.83 to 1.19, p = 0.87) and coronary artery bypass grafting (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.46 to 1.10, p = 0.12). Hospitalization for bleeding was also similar for DES versus BMS (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.61 to 1.39, p = 0.70).


CONCLUSIONS
Compared with BMS, DES use in stable patients undergoing CTO PCI was associated with lower mortality, as well as similar myocardial infarction and repeat revascularization rates without an increase in subsequent bleeding requiring hospitalization.
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. manesh.patel@duke.edu
Manesh R
MR
Patel
Steven P
SP
Marso
David
D
Dai
Kevin J
KJ
Anstrom
Kendrick A
KA
Shunk
Jeptha P
JP
Curtus
J Matthew
JM
Brennan
Art
A
Sedrakyan
John C
JC
Messenger
Pamela S
PS
Douglas
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D057186:Comparative Effectiveness Research / Q000379:methods; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D057216:Propensity Score; D012042:Registries; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States