Image and diagnosis quality of X-ray image transmission via cell phone camera: a project study evaluating quality and reliability.
BACKGROUND
Developments in telemedicine have not produced any relevant benefits for orthopedics and trauma surgery to date. For the present project study, several parameters were examined during assessment of x-ray images, which had been photographed and transmitted via cell phone.


METHODS
A total of 100 x-ray images of various body regions were photographed with a Nokia cell phone and transmitted via email or MMS. Next, the transmitted photographs were reviewed on a laptop computer by five medical specialists and assessed regarding quality and diagnosis.


RESULTS
Due to their poor quality, the transmitted MMS images could not be evaluated and this path of transmission was therefore excluded. Mean size of transmitted x-ray email images was 394 kB (range: 265-590 kB, SD ± 59), average transmission time was 3.29 min ± 8 (CI 95%: 1.7-4.9). Applying a score from 1-10 (very poor - excellent), mean image quality was 5.8. In 83.2 ± 4% (mean value ± SD) of cases (median 82; 80-89%), there was agreement between final diagnosis and assessment by the five medical experts who had received the images. However, there was a markedly low concurrence ratio in the thoracic area and in pediatric injuries.


CONCLUSIONS
While the rate of accurate diagnosis and indication for surgery was high with a concurrence ratio of 83%, considerable differences existed between the assessed regions, with lowest values for thoracic images. Teleradiology is a cost-effective, rapid method which can be applied wherever wireless cell phone reception is available. In our opinion, this method is in principle suitable for clinical use, enabling the physician on duty to agree on appropriate measures with colleagues located elsewhere via x-ray image transmission on a cell phone.
Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany. hans.goost@ukb.uni-bonn.de
Hans
H
Goost
Johannes
J
Witten
Andreas
A
Heck
Dariusch R
DR
Hadizadeh
Oliver
O
Weber
Ingo
I
Gräff
Christof
C
Burger
Mareen
M
Montag
Felix
F
Koerfer
Koroush
K
Kabir
D040421:Cell Phone; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D010781:Photography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019112:Teleradiology / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D014965:X-Rays