Preoperative nutritional interventions in morbid obesity: impact on body weight, energy intake, and eating quality.
BACKGROUND
Although the benefits of preoperative weight loss and adequacy of dietary patterns in bariatric surgery is well-recognized, the nutritional strategies in the preoperative period have been scarcely investigated. We aimed to evaluate the impact of intensive and standard nutritional interventions on body weight, energy intake, and eating quality.


METHODS
This is a retrospective study in which 32 patients undergoing intensive nutritional intervention, with low-calorie diet (10 kcal/kg) and biweekly visits, were pair-matched by age, sex, and body mass index with 32 patients under a standard nutritional intervention, based on a general dietary counseling. Twenty-four-hour food recall was used to assess energy intake and to derive healthy eating index (HEI). The follow-up preoperative period varied from 8 to 16 weeks.


RESULTS
Weight loss was observed in 72% of the patients from the intensive intervention group and 75% of the patients from the standard intervention group. According to the mixed model analysis, time effect on weight loss in both groups was significant (P = 0.0002); however, no difference was found between the intervention groups (P = 0.71). The time effect was significant in both groups for energy intake reduction as well (P < 0.0001), but no difference was found between the intervention groups (P = 0.25). Improvement of eating quality was expressed by the nutrient score of the HEI that increased significantly overtime (P = 0.02), also without distinction between the groups (P = 0.61).


CONCLUSIONS
Both intensive and standard nutritional interventions promoted weight loss, energy intake reduction, and improvement of eating quality in morbidly obese patients during preoperative period.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
Mariana Silva
MS
Melendez-Araújo
Sérgio Lincoln
SL
de Matos Arruda
Emily
E
de Oliveira Kelly
Kênia Mara Baiocchi
KM
de Carvalho
D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D057234:Preoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015431:Weight Loss