Formation of iodinated disinfection by-products during oxidation of iodide-containing water with potassium permanganate.
This study shows that iodinated disinfection by-products (I-DBPs) including iodoform (IF), iodoacetic acid (IAA) and triiodoacetic acid (TIAA) can be produced when iodide-containing waters are in contact with potassium permanganate. IF was found as the major I-DBP species during the oxidation. Iodide was oxidized to HOI, I(2) and I(3)(-), consequently, which led to the formation of iodinated organic compounds. I-DBPs varied with reaction time, solution pH, initial concentrations of iodide and potassium permanganate. Yields of IF, IAA and TIAA increased with reaction time and considerable I-DBPs were formed within 12 h. Peak IF yields were found at circumneutral pH range. However, formation of IAA and TIAA was favored under acidic conditions. Molar ratio of iodide to potassium permanganate showed significant influence on formation of IF, IAA and TIAA. The formation of IF, IAA and TIAA also depended on the characteristics of the waters.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
Tao
T
Ye
Bin
B
Xu
Yi-Li
YL
Lin
Chen-Yan
CY
Hu
Sheng-Ji
SJ
Xia
Lin
L
Lin
Seleli Andrew
SA
Mwakagenda
Nai-Yun
NY
Gao
D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D060766:Drinking Water / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011196:Potassium Permanganate / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D060753:Water Quality
D004202:Disinfectants; D060766:Drinking Water; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011196:Potassium Permanganate