Shared monocyte subset phenotypes in HIV-1 infection and in uninfected subjects with acute coronary syndrome.
The mechanisms responsible for increased cardiovascular risk associated with HIV-1 infection are incompletely defined. Using flow cytometry, in the present study, we examined activation phenotypes of monocyte subpopulations in patients with HIV-1 infection or acute coronary syndrome to find common cellular profiles. Nonclassic (CD14(+)CD16(++)) and intermediate (CD14(++)CD16(+)) monocytes are proportionally increased and express high levels of tissue factor and CD62P in HIV-1 infection. These proportions are related to viremia, T-cell activation, and plasma levels of IL-6. In vitro exposure of whole blood samples from uninfected control donors to lipopolysaccharide increased surface tissue factor expression on all monocyte subsets, but exposure to HIV-1 resulted in activation only of nonclassic monocytes. Remarkably, the profile of monocyte activation in uncontrolled HIV-1 disease mirrors that of acute coronary syndrome in uninfected persons. Therefore, drivers of immune activation and inflammation in HIV-1 disease may alter monocyte subpopulations and activation phenotype, contributing to a pro-atherothrombotic state that may drive cardiovascular risk in HIV-1 infection.
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. NTF1@case.edu
Nicholas T
NT
Funderburg
David A
DA
Zidar
Carey
C
Shive
Anthony
A
Lioi
Joseph
J
Mudd
Laura W
LW
Musselwhite
Daniel I
DI
Simon
Marco A
MA
Costa
Benigno
B
Rodriguez
Scott F
SF
Sieg
Michael M
MM
Lederman
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
D015850:Interleukin-6; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D013925:Thromboplastin