Aldosterone is not involved in the ventricular remodeling process induced by tobacco smoke exposure.
OBJECTIVE
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade with a mineralocorticoid-receptor antagonist has not yet been studied in exposure to tobacco smoke (TS) models. Thus, this study investigated the role of spironolactone on cardiac remodeling induced by exposure to tobacco smoke.


METHODS
Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: a control group (group C, n=11); a group with 2 months of cigarette smoke exposure (group TS-C, n=13); a group that received spironolactone 20 mg/kg of diet/day and no cigarette smoke exposure (group TS-S, n=13); and a group with 2 months of cigarette smoke exposure and spironolactone supplementation (group S, n=12). The rats were observed for a period of 60 days, during which morphological, biochemical and functional analyses were performed.


RESULTS
There was no difference in invasive mean arterial pressure among the groups. There were no interactions between tobacco smoke exposure and spironolactone in the morphological and functional analysis. However, in the echocardiographic analysis, the TS groups had left chamber enlargement, higher left ventricular mass index and higher isovolumetric relaxation time corrected by heart rate compared with the non-TS groups. In vitro left ventricular diastolic function also worsened in the TS groups and was not influenced by spironolactone. In addition, there were no differences in myocardial levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, ICAM-1 and GLUT4 [TS: OR 0.52, 95%CI (-0.007; 0.11); Spironolactone: OR -0.01, 95%CI (-0.07;0.05)].


CONCLUSIONS
Our data do not support the participation of aldosterone in the ventricular remodeling process induced by exposed to cigarette smoke.
Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil.
Priscila P
PP
dos Santos
Bruna F
BF
Nogueira
Bruna P M
BP
Rafacho
Paula S
PS
Azevedo
Bertha F
BF
Polegato
Fernanda
F
Chiuso-Minicucci
Camila
C
Bonomo
Meliza G
MG
Roscani
Sofia F G
SF
Zorzella-Pezavento
Suzana E
SE
Tanni
Elenize J
EJ
Pereira
Marina P
MP
Okoshi
Sergio A R
SA
Paiva
Leonardo A M
LA
Zornoff
Marcos F
MF
Minicucci
D000450:Aldosterone; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004452:Echocardiography; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D013148:Spironolactone; D000450:Aldosterone