Influence of different growth factors on chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells in polyurethane-fibrin composites.
BACKGROUND
Chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) has proven to be feasible. To compensate for laryngeal palsy or cartilage defects after surgery or trauma using tissue engineering, a formable and stable scaffold material is mandatory.


METHODS
ASCs were seeded in fibrin-polyurethane scaffolds and cultured in chondrogenic differentiation medium adding the growth factors TGF-b1, TGF-b3, and BMP-2 for up to 35 days.


RESULTS
Histological examination showed acid glycosaminoglycans in the extracellular matrix in all groups. Immunofluorescence presented positive staining for collagen II, aggrecan, and SOX-9 in the TGF-b1-, TGF-b3-, and BMP-2-group. With Real-time PCR analyses, chondrogenic differentiation became apparent by the expression of the specific genes COL2A1 (collagen II), AGC 1 (aggrecan), and SOX-9, whereas collagen II expression was low in all groups compared to bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSC) due to reduced chondrogenic ability.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrate the general ability of ASCs to differentiate into matrix-producing chondrocytes in fibrin-polyurethane scaffolds. However, further experiments are necessary to enhance this chondrogenic potential of ASCs seeded in fibrin-polyurethane scaffolds in order to produce a suitable regeneration method for treating cartilage defects or an implantable medialization material for vocal cord palsy.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany. froelich_k@klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de
Katrin
K
Froelich
Lydia E
LE
Setiawan
Antje
A
Technau
Mario Ramos
MR
Tirado
Stephan
S
Hackenberg
Rudolf
R
Hagen
Rainer
R
Staudenmaier
Norbert H
NH
Kleinsasser
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005337:Fibrin; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011140:Polyurethanes; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000494:pharmacology*
D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D011140:Polyurethanes; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; D005337:Fibrin