High frequency of HLA B62 in fulminant type 1 diabetes with the drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.
BACKGROUND
Fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1D) is a subtype of type 1 diabetes characterized by an extremely abrupt onset. FT1D cases associated with the drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) have recently been reported.


OBJECTIVE
The clinical characteristics of FT1D associated with DIHS were investigated in this study.


METHODS
Case reports of FT1D associated with DIHS in Japanese subjects were collected and analyzed by means of a questionnaire to the authors. A nationwide questionnaire survey was administered to dermatology specialists, concerning the frequency of FT1D associated with DIHS.


RESULTS
In 15 case reports, the mean age at onset of FT1D was 53.4 yr and the mean time for its development from the onset of DIHS was 39.9 d. A higher frequency of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B62, but not of HLA DR was found in FT1D with DIHS than that for cases without DIHS (P < 0.001). The reactivation of herpes virus 6 and cytomegalovirus was detected in 11 and four cases, respectively. Among 746 patients with DIHS in the nationwide survey, four developed FT1D during a 3-yr period. The frequency of FT1D in DIHS (0.54%) was much higher than that in the general Japanese population (0.010%).


CONCLUSIONS
The clinical characteristics of FT1D with DIHS were similar to those without DIHS except for the high frequency of HLA B62, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of FT1D with DIHS. Because the frequency was much higher than that in the general Japanese population, FT1D should be kept in mind when DIHS develops.
Department of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, To-on, Ehime, 791-0295 Japan. onuma@m.ehime-u.ac.jp
Hiroshi
H
Onuma
Mikiko
M
Tohyama
Akihisa
A
Imagawa
Toshiaki
T
Hanafusa
Tetsuro
T
Kobayashi
Yoko
Y
Kano
Jun
J
Ohashi
Koji
K
Hashimoto
Haruhiko
H
Osawa
Hideichi
H
Makino
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D003625:Data Collection; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013577:Syndrome; D055815:Young Adult
D015235:HLA-B Antigens