Dysregulation of microRNAs in cancer.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in multiple biological activities as well as disease progression including cancer. Interestingly, miRNAs could act as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes depending on the functions of their targets. Using high-throughput profiling, dysregulation of miRNAs has been widely observed in different stages of cancer, and there is mounting evidence demonstrating several misguided mechanisms that cause miRNA dysregulation. In this review, we summarize the key functions of miRNAs in cancer, especially those affecting tumor metastasis and drug resistance. Moreover, the mechanisms leading to dysregulation of miRNAs, including genomic abnormalities, DNA/histone modifications, transcriptional regulation, abnormal biogenesis, and interaction between miRNAs, are also discussed.
Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Pai-Sheng
PS
Chen
Jen-Liang
JL
Su
Mien-Chie
MC
Hung
D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009857:Oncogenes
D035683:MicroRNAs