title: Maturation-dependent HIV-1 surface protein redistribution revealed by fluorescence nanoscopy.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) buds from the cell as an immature particle requiring subsequent proteolysis of the main structural polyprotein Gag for morphological maturation and infectivity. Visualization of the viral envelope (Env) glycoprotein distribution on the surface of individual HIV-1 particles with stimulated emission depletion (STED) superresolution fluorescence microscopy revealed maturation-induced clustering of Env proteins that depended on the Gag-interacting Env tail. Correlation of Env surface clustering with the viral entry efficiency revealed coupling between the viral interior and exterior: Rearrangements of the inner protein lattice facilitated the alteration of the virus surface in preparation for productive entry. We propose that Gag proteolysis-dependent clustering of the sparse Env trimers on the viral surface may be an essential aspect of HIV-1 maturation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 324, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chojnacki
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Staudt
authors.forename: Bärbel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Pit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bingen
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anders
authors.forename: Jale
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Stefan W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hell
authors.forename: Hans-Georg
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kräusslich
mesh_terms: D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D059748:Proteolysis; D053586:Virus Internalization; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus