title: [Hypophysitis: increasingly complex clinicopathological spectrum!].
abstract: Hypophysitis is a chronic inflammation of the pituitary gland that comprises an increasingly complex clinicopathological spectrum. Lymphocytic and granulomatous hypophysitis are the most common forms, but new variants have recently been reported such as IgG4-related hypophysitis that is identified by well-defined criteria. For the first time, hypophysitis in ANCA-associated vasculitides has been reported. Monoclonal antibodies directed against the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), investigated in metastatic melanoma, can induce hypophysitis. Hypophysitis's pathogenesis remains obscure but several candidate pituitary autoantigens have been described in the last decade, although none has proven useful as a diagnostic tool.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Endocrinologie Diabétologie Nutrition, CHU Angers, 4 rue Larrey 49933 Angers cedex 9, France. inallix@chuangers.fr
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Allix
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rohmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056648:Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents