title: The combined application of impinger system and permeation tube for the generation of volatile organic compound standard gas mixtures at varying diluent flow rates.
abstract: Commercial standard gas generators are often complex and expensive devices. The objective of this research was to assess the performance of a simplified glass impinger system for standard gas generation from a permeation tube (PT) device. The performance of the impinger standard gas generation system was assessed for four aromatic VOCs (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and m-xylene; BTEX) at varying flow rates (FR) of 50 to 800 mL·min(-1). Because actual permeation rate (APR) values deviated from those computed by the manufacturer's formula (MPR), new empirical relationships were developed to derive the predicted PR (PPR) of the target components. Experimental results corrected by such a formula indicate that the compatibility between the APR and MPR generally increased with low FR, while the reproducibility was generally reduced with decreasing flow rate. Although compatibility between different PRs is at a relatively small and narrow FR range, the use of correction formula is recommendable for the accurate use of PT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 143-747, Korea. khkim@sejong.ac.kr
authors.forename: Ki-Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Susaya
authors.forename: Jinwoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002138:Calibration; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012015:Reference Standards; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D005740:Gases; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds
keywords: benzene; ethylbenzene; impinge; permeation; toluene; xylene