title: One-year experience in presbyopia correction with biaspheric multifocal central presbyopia laser in situ keratomileusis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze simultaneous vision (distance and near) 1-year after biaspheric multifocal central presbyLASIK treatments for hyperopia and myopia with or without astigmatism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were treated to correct distance ametropias and alleviating presbyopic symptoms simultaneously. All patients have been treated in Presby aberration-free mode using FemtoLASIK for Sphere from -7.00 to +3.25 diopters (D), astigmatism up to 3.00 D, and addition up to +2.75 D. No eye had previous corneal refractive surgery. Preoperative corneal curvature ranged between 40 and 48 D, with pachymetry thicker than 500 μm. Preoperative corrected distance visual acuity was 0.1 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) or better, with near vision of 0.2 logRAD or better with addition up to +2.50 D.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-six eyes treated bilaterally using PresbyMAX software were reviewed. For 31 patients (94%), 1-year follow-up was completed. At 1 year, 70% of patients achieved uncorrected distance visual acuity 0.1 logMAR or better, 84% patients obtained uncorrected near visual acuity 0.1 logRAD or better, and 83% of eyes were within 0.75 D of defocus. Postoperative mean spherical equivalent refraction was -0.47 ± 0.44 D. Stability was achieved from the 6-week follow-up. Eighty-five percent of patients achieved simultaneously uncorrected distance visual acuity 0.2 logMAR or better and uncorrected near visual acuity 0.2 logRAD or better.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient selection and expectation management is essential to achieve patient satisfaction. Even though optically the results are predictable and good, some patients find it difficult to adapt to the compromise and others are dissatisfied by the minor loss of distance visual acuity. Certain individuals are best suited for PresbyMAX. A test with multifocal contact lenses or trial frames that creates slightly defocused images can be used to simulate postoperative visual impressions and verify patient acceptance.
authors.affiliation: VisionClinics, Utrecht, the Netherlands. luger@visionclinics.nl
authors.forename: Michiel H A
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Luger
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ewering
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arba-Mosquera
mesh_terms: D001251:Astigmatism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D057108:Corneal Wavefront Aberration / Q000503:physiopathology; D004215:Distance Perception; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; D054018:Lasers, Excimer / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018579:Patient Selection; D011305:Presbyopia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology