title: Immune response to vaccine adjuvants during the first year of life.
abstract: Subunit vaccine formulations often include adjuvants that primarily stimulate innate immune cells. While young infants represent the major target population for vaccination, effective immunization in this age group remains a challenge. Many parameters of innate immune responses differ quantitatively and qualitatively from newborns to infants and adults, revealing a highly regulated developmental program. Herein, we discuss the potential implications of innate immune ontogeny for the activity of adjuvants contained in licensed infant vaccines, as well as future directions for rational design of adjuvanted vaccines for this age group.
authors.affiliation: Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. ofer.levy@childrens.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Ofer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Stanislas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goriely
authors.forename: Tobias R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kollmann
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D014612:Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D014612:Vaccines; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit