title: ADRB3 and PPARγ2 gene polymorphisms and their association with cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The contribution of heritability to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is of interest as the identification of genes enhancing the susceptibility of individuals to CVD may help the design of clinical interventions optimized for the individual's genome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the associations of polymorphism of ADRB3 and PPARγ2 genes with obesity indices, unfavorable lipid profile parameters and insulin resistance index HOMA in 343 postmenopausal women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No association was found between tested polymorphisms and CVD risk factors such as total cholesterol ≥ 5.0 mmol/l, high density lipoprotein cholesterol < 1.2 mmol/l, low density lipoprotein cholesterol > 3.0 mmol/l and triacylglycerols > 1.7 mmol/l. The presence of arterial hypertension and HOMA value ≥ 1.95 were also not related to these polymorphisms. A significant association between PPARγ2 gene polymorphism and total body fat mass (odds ratio = 1.90 at p = 0.037) as well as android fat deposit mass (odds ratio = 1.82 at p = 0.048) was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CVD risk factors in postmenopausal women are not directly associated with the polymorphisms of PPARγ2 and ADRB3 genes. We suggest that some indirect link between PPARγ2 gene polymorphism and susceptibility of postmenopausal women to CVD may exist. This suggestion is based on our finding that high total body fat mass and high android fat deposits are associated with the presence of the Pro12Ala allele of the PPARγ2 gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lwow
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dunajska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milewicz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laczmański
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jedrzejuk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trzmiel-Bira
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Szmigiero
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000235:genetics; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D011044:Poland; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000235:genetics*; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C568534:ADRB3 protein, human; D008055:Lipids; D047495:PPAR gamma; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3