title: Insulin catalyzes the curcumin-induced wound healing: an in vitro model for gingival repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) play a major role in the maintenance and repair of gingival connective tissue. The mitogen insulin with IGFs etc. synergizes in facilitating wound repair. Although curcumin (CUR) and insulin regulate apoptosis, their impact as a combination on hGF in wound repair remains unknown. Our study consists of: 1) analysis of insulin-mediated mitogenesis on CUR-treated hGF cells, and 2) development of an in vitro model of wound healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apoptotic rate in CUR-treated hGF cells with and without insulin was observed by AnnexinV/PI staining, nuclear morphological analysis, FACS and DNA fragmentation studies. Using hGF confluent cultures, wounds were mechanically created in vitro and incubated with the ligands for 48 h in 0.2% fetal bovine serum DMEM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CUR alone showed dose-dependent (1-50 μM) effects on hGF. Insulin (1 μg/ml) supplementation substantially enhanced cell survival through up-regulation of mitogenesis/anti-apoptotic elements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The in vitro model for gingival wound healing establishes that insulin significantly enhanced wound filling faster than CUR-treated hGF cells over 48 h. This reinforces the pivotal role of insulin in supporting CUR-mediated wound repair. The findings have significant bearing in metabolic dysfunctions, e.g. diabetes, atherosclerosis, etc., especially under Indian situations.
authors.affiliation: Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Neetu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ranjan
authors.forename: Deeba
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaidi
authors.forename: Hari
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shyam
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Divya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lodha
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Umesh
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Jaya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dixit
authors.forename: Anil K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Balapure
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D003474:Curcumin
keywords: Curcumin; fibroblast; gingival healing; insulin; regeneration