title: Histone H2A.Z inheritance during the cell cycle and its impact on promoter organization and dynamics.
abstract: Although it has been clearly established that well-positioned histone H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes flank the nucleosome-depleted region (NDR) at the transcriptional start site (TSS) of active mammalian genes, how this chromatin-based information is transmitted through the cell cycle is unknown. We show here that in mouse trophoblast stem cells, the amount of histone H2A.Z at promoters decreased during S phase, coinciding with homotypic (H2A.Z-H2A.Z) nucleosomes flanking the TSS becoming heterotypic (H2A.Z-H2A). To our surprise these nucleosomes remained heterotypic at M phase. At the TSS, we identified an unstable heterotypic histone H2A.Z-containing nucleosome in G1 phase that was lost after DNA replication. These dynamic changes at the TSS mirror a global expansion of the NDR at S and M phases, which, unexpectedly, is unrelated to transcriptional activity. Coincident with the loss of histone H2A.Z at promoters, histone H2A.Z is targeted to the centromere when mitosis begins.
authors.affiliation: The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
authors.forename: Maxim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nekrasov
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amrichova
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: Tatiana A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Soboleva
authors.forename: Cameron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.forename: Rohan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Gavin A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Huttley
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tremethick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site / Q000502:physiology*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; C077020:histone H2A.F-Z