title: Does the relationship between affect complexity and self-esteem differ in young-old and old-old participants?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examines whether the relationship between positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) is more complex among old-old than among young-old participants and whether the independence and potential co-occurrence of both PA and NA (affect complexity) is related to higher self-esteem (SE) among older participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of 311 participants was divided into 2 groups: young-old, aged 65-79 years (n = 212), and old-old, aged 80-93 years (n = 99), participants. PA and NA were measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and SE was measured by the Self-Esteem Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The findings show that PA and NA are less strongly related and even positively related to each other among older people and that SE is higher among the young-old compared with the old-old participants. Finally, affect complexity is positively related to a higher degree of SE among the old-old participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings may imply that the affect complexity is associated with buffering the noxious effect of deteriorating SE in old age. Future studies should examine further the intrapersonal relationship between affect complexity and SE in late life.
authors.affiliation: Inter dis ciplinary Department of Social Sciences and Department of Music, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel. Ehud.Bodner@biu.ac.il
authors.forename: Ehud
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bodner
authors.forename: Yuval
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Palgi
authors.forename: Dvir
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaveh
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology; D000369:Aged, 80 and over / Q000523:psychology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
keywords: Affect complexity; Negative affect; Old age.; Positive affect; Self-esteem