title: Prognostic impact of SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1) in prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific protease 1 (SENP1) expression in human prostate cancer (CaP) cells and its prognostic value for CaP patients after radical prostatectomy (RP).
  
  
  METHODS
  SENP1 expression in CaP cells was detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. By using immunohistochemistry coupled with the tissue microarray (TMA) technique, we examined SENP1 protein expression in 115 specimens of CaP, 19 prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia (PIN) tissues, and 24 normal prostate tissues. Moreover, correlations between SENP1 protein expression, clinicopathologic features, and prognosis were statistically analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three CaP cells, DU145, PC-3, and LNCaP had overexpression of SENP1 mRNA and protein, while the nontransformed immortalized prostate cell RWPE-1 had relatively weak SENP1 expression. Especially, DU145, a hormone-independent CaP cell line, showed higher transcriptional and translational level of SENP1 than the others. SENP1 protein expression correlated with some clinicopathologic parameters, such as pathologic stage, Gleason score, and biochemical recurrence (BCR). Positive SENP1 immunostaining in the CaP, PIN, and normal prostate tissue samples were 76.5%, 57.9%, and 4.2%, respectively. CaP patients undergoing RP with positive SENP1 expression were significantly associated with poor biochemical-free survival. Multivariate analysis indicated that SENP1 protein expression was an independent prognostic factor for BCR-free survival after RP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirmed the up-regulation of SENP1 mRNA and protein level in CaP cells. We suggested that SENP1 expression might contribute to the malignant progression of CaP. Importantly, SENP1 presented as a potential prognostic factor for BCR after RP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shengsong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Minghua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.forename: Denglong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
chemical_list: D010450:Endopeptidases; C404512:SENP1 protein, human; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases
keywords: Biochemical recurrence; Immunohistochemistry; Prostate cancer; Radical prostatectomy; SUMO-specific protease 1; Tissue microarray