title: Aberrant placenta gene expression pattern in bovine pregnancies established after transfer of cloned or in vitro produced embryos.
abstract: In the present study, we used the global transcriptome profile approach to identify dysregulated genes, molecular pathways, and molecular functional alterations in bovine placentas derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and in vitro embryo production (IVP) pregnancies compared with their artificial insemination (AI) counterparts at day 50 of gestation. For this, day 7 blastocysts derived from AI, IVP, or SCNT were transferred to oestrus-synchronized cows. The pregnant animals were slaughtered at day 50 of gestation, and the placentas were then recovered and used for transcriptome analysis using Affymetrix GeneChip bovine genome array. Results showed the SCNT placenta to be different from its AI counterpart in the expression of 1,196 transcripts. These genes were found to be associated with alterations in key biological processes and molecular pathways in SCNT placenta, and the dysregulation of 9% (n = 110) of these genes was due to transcriptional reprogramming error. IVP placenta also displayed alterations in the expression of 72 genes, of which 58 were common to SCNT placenta. Gene enrichment analysis revealed that the expression of genes involved in organ development, blood vessel development, extracellular matrix organization, and the immune system was affected in both SCNT and IVP placentas. However, 96% of the affected genes in SCNT were not significantly altered in IVP groups. Thus, the higher transcriptome dysregulation in SCNT placenta followed by IVP would reflect the degree of placental abnormality in SCNT and IVP pregnancies at day 50 of the gestation, which may have a profound effect on subsequent fetal development and health of the offspring.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Science, Animal Breeding and Husbandry Group, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Dessie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salilew-Wondim
authors.forename: Dawit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tesfaye
authors.forename: Munir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Held
authors.forename: Franca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rings
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tholen
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Looft
authors.forename: Ulas
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Cinar
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schellander
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoelker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects*; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction