title: Clinical experience with stem cells and other cell therapies in neurological diseases.
abstract: To overcome the limited capacity of the CNS for regeneration, the theoretical alternative would be to use stem cells for more effective management of chronic degenerative and inflammatory neurological conditions, and also of acute neuronal damage from injuries or cerebrovascular diseases. Although the adult brain contains small numbers of stem cells in restricted areas, this intrinsic stem cell repertoire is small and does not measurably contribute to functional recovery. Embryonic cells carrying pluripotent and self-renewal properties represent the stem cell prototype, but there are additional somatic stem cells that may be harvested and expanded from various tissues during adult life. Stem cell transplantation is based on the assumption that such cells may have the potential to regenerate or support the survival of the existing, partially damaged cells. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art and the clinical worldwide experience with the use of various types of stem cells in neurological diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, MS Center and Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Agnes-Ginges Center for Neurogenetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel. karus@cc.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karussis
authors.forename: Panayiota
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petrou
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kassis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation