title: Stent placement for treatment of long segment (≥80 mm) carotid artery stenosis in patients with Takayasu disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of carotid artery stent (CAS) placement for treatment of long segment stenosis in patients with Takayasu arteritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2002 and February 2012, all patients with Takayasu arteritis found to have long segment (≥80 mm) carotid artery stenoses at a single institution were retrospectively analyzed. Five patients treated by CAS placement with either long or multiple self-expandable stents were included. All patients had focal neurologic symptoms, including three strokes and two transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Six self-expanding stents were used in five patients. The mean follow-up period was 19.2 months (range, 6-30 mo); all patients had clinical evaluation, laboratory examination, and vascular imaging follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improvement in clinical symptoms was shown after successful angioplasty. There were no perioperative or in-hospital deaths. Four patients exhibited persistent relief, and repeated angiography or computed tomography (CT) angiography showed normal flow. One patient stopped taking her medications after CAS placement and became symptomatic 8 months later as a result of a severe in-stent stenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAS placement was shown to be a feasible option for treating long segment (≥80 mm) stenosis of carotid arteries in patients with Takayasu arteritis with encouraging results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Heqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guangjian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Gui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kangning
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shugui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult