title: Epistasis analysis for estrogen metabolic and signaling pathway genes on young ischemic stroke patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endogenous estrogens play an important role in the overall cardiocirculatory system. However, there are no studies exploring the hormone metabolism and signaling pathway genes together on ischemic stroke, including sulfotransferase family 1E (SULT1E1), catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT), and estrogen receptor α (ESR1).
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted on 305 young ischemic stroke subjects aged </= 50 years and 309 age-matched healthy controls. SULT1E1 -64G/A, COMT Val158Met, ESR1 c.454-397 T/C and c.454-351 A/G genes were genotyped and compared between cases and controls to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with ischemic stroke susceptibility. Gene-gene interaction effects were analyzed using entropy-based multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR), classification and regression tree (CART), and traditional multiple regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  COMT Val158Met polymorphism showed a significant association with susceptibility of young ischemic stroke among females. There was a two-way interaction between SULT1E1 -64G/A and COMT Val158Met in both MDR and CART analysis. The logistic regression model also showed there was a significant interaction effect between SULT1E1 -64G/A and COMT Val158Met on ischemic stroke of the young (P for interaction = 0.0171). We further found that lower estradiol level could increase the risk of young ischemic stroke for those who carry either SULT1E1 or COMT risk genotypes, showing a significant interaction effect (P for interaction = 0.0174).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support that a significant epistasis effect exists among estrogen metabolic and signaling pathway genes and gene-environment interactions on young ischemic stroke subjects.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Jiann-Shing
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jeng
authors.forename: Huey-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chaur-Jong
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Chia-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: Giia-Sheun
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Chin-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sung-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Nai-Fang
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Hung-Pin
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Chang-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chern
authors.forename: Fang-I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Chyi-Huey
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Yi-Rhu
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hung-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chiou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics*; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D004967:Estrogens; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase; D015238:Sulfotransferases; C020122:estrone sulfotransferase