title: Volumetric motion quantification by 3D tissue phase mapped CMR.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was the quantification of myocardial motion from 3D tissue phase mapped (TPM) CMR. Recent work on myocardial motion quantification by TPM has been focussed on multi-slice 2D acquisitions thus excluding motion information from large regions of the left ventricle. Volumetric motion assessment appears an important next step towards the understanding of the volumetric myocardial motion and hence may further improve diagnosis and treatments in patients with myocardial motion abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Volumetric motion quantification of the complete left ventricle was performed in 12 healthy volunteers and two patients applying a black-blood 3D TPM sequence. The resulting motion field was analysed regarding motion pattern differences between apical and basal locations as well as for asynchronous motion pattern between different myocardial segments in one or more slices. Motion quantification included velocity, torsion, rotation angle and strain derived parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All investigated motion quantification parameters could be calculated from the 3D-TPM data. Parameters quantifying hypokinetic or asynchronous motion demonstrated differences between motion impaired and healthy myocardium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D-TPM enables the gapless volumetric quantification of motion abnormalities of the left ventricle, which can be applied in future application as additional information to provide a more detailed analysis of the left ventricular function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. anja.lutz@uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bornstedt
authors.forename: G Ulrich
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Nienhaus
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Etyngier
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernhardt
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rottbauer
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rasche
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012399:Rotation; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D054159:Torsion, Mechanical; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D055815:Young Adult