title: How patients with multiple sclerosis perceive cognitive slowing.
abstract: Slowed processing speed is the primary cognitive deficit in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, no studies have examined how patients perceive this deficit. The purpose of this paper is to examine perceived processing speed difficulties in clinical and community samples of MS patients. As expected, MS patients reported more processing speed difficulties than controls. Perceived processing speed difficulties were significantly associated with impulsivity, slowed motor speed, greater anxiety, and increased introversion. In contrast, perceived processing speed did not correlate well with objective measures of processing speed. Findings showed that MS patients perceive their thinking to be significantly slowed. Perceived cognitive slowing was most related to performance on motor tasks and elevated anxiety. Evaluation of anxiety and patient education about objective measures versus subjective perceptions of slowed processing speed may be helpful to MS patients who report significant cognitive slowing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA. brucejm@umkc.edu
authors.forename: Brandon L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Roberg
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bruce
authors.forename: Chris T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lovelace
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012649:Self Concept