title: Concurrent ranavirus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection in captive frogs (Phyllobates and Dendrobates species), The Netherlands, 2012: a first report.
abstract: A ranavirus infection with concurrent Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection and mortality in captive Phyllobates and Dendrobates species is reported. Greyish skin with hepato- and reno-megaly were evident. Microscopically, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis was present in the stratum corneum of the hyperkeratotic skin. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were present in erythrocytes and multiple organs. All samples examined tested positive using PCR for the major capsid protein (MCP) gene of ranavirus and the ITS-1-5.8S region of B. dendrobatidis. The sequence obtained showed a 99% identity with the deposited sequence of the MCP gene of the common midwife toad virus (CMTV). This is the first report of mortality in captivity in poison dart frogs caused by a ranavirus, CMTV or like virus, and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands. info@kikdierenarts.nl
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kik
authors.forename: Marisca
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stege
authors.forename: Roschong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boonyarittichaikij
authors.forename: Alphons
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Asten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008411:Chytridiomycota / Q000235:genetics; D060085:Coinfection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D009426:Netherlands; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D017995:Ranavirus / Q000235:genetics; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005656:Fungal Proteins