title: Recent advances in plant-virus interaction with emphasis on small interfering RNAs (siRNAs).
abstract: Regulation of several biological functions in plants has now been known to involve diverse RNA silencing pathways. These vital pathways involve various components such as dsRNA, Dicer, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and Argonaute proteins, which lead to the production of several small RNAs (sRNAs) varying in their sizes. These sRNAs have significant role in the regulation of gene expression at transcriptional and translational levels. Among them, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs; majorly 21, 22 and 24 nt) have been shown to play an important role in plants' resistance against many viruses by inhibiting the viral gene expression. Furthermore, it has also been highlighted that siRNA-mediated methylation of viral DNA confers resistance to various plant DNA viruses. In this review, we have outlined the recent advances made using the siRNA-mediated antiviral strategy, along with methylation-based epigenetic defensive mechanisms as a protective measure against diverse plant viruses.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Plant Genome Research-NIPGR, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, JNU Campus, New Delhi 110067, India.
authors.forename: Namisha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Pranav Pankaj
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Sahu
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puranik
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D060565:Argonaute Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D057865:Plant Immunity; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000502:physiology; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043244:Ribonuclease III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D060565:Argonaute Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase; D043244:Ribonuclease III