title: Retinol-binding protein 4 is an independent factor associated with triglycerides and a determinant of very low-density lipoprotein-apolipoprotein B100 catabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Retinol-binding protein 4 (rbp4) is an adipokine secreted by adipocytes and liver, whose levels are elevated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Plasma levels of rbp4 and triglycerides are strongly correlated in T2DM. However, we do not know whether this association is direct or indirect via liver fat content, and the link between rbp4 and triglyceride metabolism remains unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Liver fat measurement by proton spectroscopy was performed in 221 patients with T2DM, and an in vivo kinetic study with stable isotopes was carried out in 14 patients with T2DM. In multivariate analysis, triglycerides were associated positively with rbp4 (β=0.273, P<0.0001), apolipoprotein (apo) B (β=0.258, P<0.0001), and liver fat (β=0.191, P=0.002) and negatively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β=-0.442, P<0.0001). rbp4 was correlated positively with apoB100 very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) pool (r=0.62, P=0.017) and negatively with VLDL-apoB100 total fractional catabolic rate (r=-0.66, P=0.001). In multivariate analysis, rbp4 (P=0.015), plasma triglycerides (P=0.024), and sex (P=0.026) were independently associated with VLDL-apoB100 total fractional catabolic rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In T2DM, plasma rbp4 level is associated with plasma triglycerides, independently of liver fat content. There is a strong independent negative correlation between plasma rbp4 and VLDL-apoB100 total fractional catabolic rate. These data suggest that rbp4 may be involved in the pathophysiology of hypertriglyceridemia in T2DM by reducing VLDL catabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, University Hospital, Dijon, France. bruno.verges@chu-dijon.fr
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vergès
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guiu
authors.forename: Jean Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cercueil
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duvillard
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Robin
authors.forename: Perrine
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buffier
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bouillet
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aho
authors.forename: Marie Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Brindisi
authors.forename: Jean Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Petit
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100 / Q000378:metabolism*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; C101326:RBP4 protein, human; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; D014280:Triglycerides