title: Estimation of mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ in HIV infected children in Mumbai.
abstract: Cytokines, viral load and opportunistic infections play an important role in HIV-disease progression. Hundred children vertically infected with HIV were enrolled to determine mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4 and IFN-γ. These levels were estimated by amplifying cytokine mRNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Severity of HIV was staged by the reduction in CD(4) (+) T cells and the onset of opportunistic infections. IL-10 mRNA levels were observed to increase with the severity. Despite the rising IL-10 mRNA levels, TNF-α mRNA levels increased with severity of HIV and decrease in CD(4) (+) T cell counts. IL-4 mRNA levels increased with the reduction in CD(4) (+) T cell numbers. Depleting mRNA levels of IFN-γ contributed to the worsening of HIV disease. Increase in TNF-α and IL-4 levels appended to the disease severity by upregulation of the viral replication. Increased IL-10 levels and decreased IFN-γ levels predisposed the children to HIV associated opportunistic infections, which in return contributed to cytokine disarray.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Haffkine Institute for Training, Research and Testing, A. D. Marg, Parel, 12 Mumbai.
authors.forename: Sweta T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kothari
authors.forename: Ranjana A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
keywords: HIV; children; cytokines; disease severity; mRNA levels