title: Viral MHC class I inhibition evades CD8+ T-cell effector responses in vivo but not CD8+ T-cell priming.
abstract: Although viral MHC class I inhibition is considered a classic immune-evasion strategy, its in vivo role is largely unclear. Mutant cowpox virus lacking its MHC class I inhibitors is markedly attenuated during acute infection because of CD8(+) T-cell-dependent control, but it was not known how CD8(+) T-cell responses are affected. Interestingly, we found no major effect of MHC class I down-regulation on priming of functional cowpox virus-specific CD8(+) T cells. Instead, we demonstrate that, during acute infection in vivo, MHC class I down-regulation prevents primed virus-specific CD8(+) T cells from recognizing infected cells and exerting effector responses to control the infection.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Maria D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Gainey
authors.forename: Joshua G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Rivenbark
authors.forename: Hyelim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wayne M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015605:Cowpox / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015608:Cowpox virus / Q000276:immunology*; D045142:Cross-Priming / Q000276:immunology*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D007371:Interferon-gamma