title: Is there a high incidence of hysterectomy and other nonbladder surgeries before and after onset of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to compare with controls the incidence of nonbladder pelvic surgeries in the months before and after the onset of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The design of the study used an existing database from a retrospective case-control study of 312 incident IC/BPS cases and matched controls plus a longitudinal study of the cases that examined lifetime approximated annual incidence of surgeries with that in the months before and after the onset of IC/BPS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cases, in the month before the onset of IC/BPS, the approximated annual incidence of nonbladder pelvic surgeries was 15 times higher and of hysterectomy 25 times higher than the incidences of previous years and similarly higher than controls. This rate declined to preindex levels over the first 2 years of IC/BPS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There may be a very high incidence of nonbladder surgeries just before IC/BPS onset that decreases to historical levels over the first years of the syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. jwarren@medicine.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Fred M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Vadim V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Morozov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies