title: Real-time ultrasound-guided spinal anesthesia using the SonixGPS® needle tracking system: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The SonixGPS® is an electromagnetic needle tracking system for ultrasound-guided needle intervention. Both current and predicted needle tip position are displayed on the ultrasound screen in real-time, facilitating needle-beam alignment and guidance to the target. This case report illustrates the use of the SonixGPS system for successful performance of real-time ultrasound-guided spinal anesthesia in a patient with difficult spinal anatomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 67-yr-old male was admitted to our hospital to undergo revision of total right hip arthroplasty. His four previous arthroplasties for hip revision were performed under general anesthesia because he had undergone L3-L5 instrumentation for spinal stenosis. The L4-L5 interspace was viewed with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position. A 19G 80-mm proprietary needle (Ultrasonix Medical Corp, Richmond, BC, Canada) was inserted and directed through the paraspinal muscles to the ligamentum flavum in plane to the ultrasound beam. A 120-mm 25G Whitacre spinal needle was then inserted through the introducer needle in a conventional fashion. Successful dural puncture was achieved on the second attempt, as indicated by a flow of clear cerebrospinal fluid. The patient tolerated the procedure well, and the spinal anesthetic was adequate for the duration of the surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SonixGPS is a novel technology that can reduce the technical difficulty of real-time ultrasound-guided neuraxial blockade. It may also have applications in other advanced ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia techniques where needle-beam alignment is critical.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Toronto Western Hospital, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Simon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Ahtsham U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Niazi
authors.forename: Ki J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Vincent W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods*; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D003199:Computer Systems; D006801:Humans; D017843:Ligamentum Flavum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009339:Needles; D013129:Spinal Puncture; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*