title: Hybrid composites made of multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with Fe3O4 nanoparticles for tissue engineering applications.
abstract: A straightforward technique for functionalization of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles was developed. Iron oxide nanoparticles were deposited on MWCNT surfaces by a deposition-precipitation method using Fe(3+)/Fe(2+) salts precursors in basic solution. The characterizations by HRTEM, XRD, SEM/EDX, AAS and TPR analyses confirmed the successful formation of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on the MWCNT surface. Fe(3)O(4)/MWCNT hybrid composites were analysed in vitro by incubation with mesenchymal stem cells for 1, 3 and 7 days, either in the presence or absence of a static magnetic field. Analysis of cell proliferation was performed by the MTT assay, quantification of cellular stress was performed by the Lactate Dehydrogenase assay and analysis of cell morphology was performed by actin immunofluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. Results demonstrate that the introduction of magnetite into the MWCNT structure increases biocompatibility of oxidized MWCNTs. In addition, the presence of a static magnetic field further increases Fe(3)O(4)/MWCNT influence on cell behaviour. These results demonstrate this novel Fe(3)O(4)/MWCNT hybrid composite has good potential for tissue engineering applications.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Technology Innovation, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna I-40136, Italy. carla.cunha@ineb.up.pt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panseri
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iannazzo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piperno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pistone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fazio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marcacci
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galvagno
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase