title: Factors affecting auditory performance of postlinguistically deaf adults using cochlear implants: an update with 2251 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To update a 15-year-old study of 800 postlinguistically deaf adult patients showing how duration of severe to profound hearing loss, age at cochlear implantation (CI), age at onset of severe to profound hearing loss, etiology and CI experience affected CI outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective multicenter study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 2251 adult patients implanted since 2003 in 15 international centers were collected and speech scores in quiet were converted to percentile ranks to remove differences between centers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The negative effect of long duration of severe to profound hearing loss was less important in the new data than in 1996; the effects of age at CI and age at onset of severe to profound hearing loss were delayed until older ages; etiology had a smaller effect, and the effect of CI experience was greater with a steeper learning curve. Patients with longer durations of severe to profound hearing loss were less likely to improve with CI experience than patients with shorter duration of severe to profound hearing loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The factors that were relevant in 1996 were still relevant in 2011, although their relative importance had changed. Relaxed patient selection criteria, improved clinical management of hearing loss, modifications of surgical practice, and improved devices may explain the differences.
authors.affiliation: Bionics Institute, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blamey
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Artieres
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Başkent
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beynon
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dillier
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dowell
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fraysse
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gallégo
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Govaerts
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleine-Punte
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maat
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mawman
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mosnier
authors.forename: Alec Fitzgerald
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rousset
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schauwers
authors.forename: Henryk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Skarzynski
authors.forename: Piotr H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Skarzynski
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sterkers
authors.forename: Assia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terranti
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Truy
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van de Heyning
authors.forename: Fréderic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Venail
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Diane S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lazard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019986:Persons with Hearing Disabilities; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome