title: Plant hormones as signals in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.
abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are non-specific symbionts developing mutual and beneficial symbiosis with most terrestrial plants. Because of the obligatory nature of the symbiosis, the presence of the host plant during the onset and proceeding of symbiosis is necessary. However, AM fungal spores are able to germinate in the absence of the host plant. The fungi detect the presence of the host plant through some signal communications. Among the signal molecules, which can affect mycorrhizal symbiosis are plant hormones, which may positively or adversely affect the symbiosis. In this review article, some of the most recent findings regarding the signaling effects of plant hormones, on mycorrhizal fungal symbiosis are reviewed. This may be useful for the production of plants, which are more responsive to mycorrhizal symbiosis under stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, College of Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University , Tehran , Iran .
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miransari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abrishamchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khoshbakht
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Niknam
mesh_terms: D038821:Mycorrhizae; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010944:Plants; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D010937:Plant Growth Regulators
keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis; host plant; molecular aspects; plant hormones; signaling transductions pathways