title: Comparison of haemodynamic responses to intubation: Flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope versus bonfils rigid intubation endoscope.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope and bonfils rigid intubation endoscope are being widely used for difficult intubations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The haemodynamic response to intubation under general anaesthesia was studied in 60 adult female patients who were intubated using either flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope or bonfils rigid intubation endoscope (30 in each group). Non-invasive blood pressure and heart rate (HR) was recorded before induction of anaesthesia, immediately after induction, at the time of intubation and, thereafter, every minute for the next 5 min. The product of HR and systolic blood pressure (rate pressure product) at every point of time was also calculated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Graph pad prism, 5.0 statistical software, independent t test and repeated measure ANOVA test were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both bonfils rigid intubation endoscope and flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope required a similar time (less than 1 min) for orotracheal intubation. After intubation, there was a significant increase in HR, blood pressure and rate pressure product (P<0.001) in both the groups compared with the baseline and post-induction values. There was no significant difference in HR, blood pressure and rate pressure product at any of the measuring points or in their maximum values during observation between the two groups. The time required for recovery of systolic blood pressure and HR to post-induction value (±10%) was not significantly different between the two groups (more than 2 min).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In female adults under general anaesthesia, bonfils rigid intubation endoscope and flexible fibreoptic bronchoscope require a similar time for successful orotracheal intubation and cause a similar magnitude of haemodynamic response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Kapil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Kiran Kumar
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Girdhar
authors.forename: Raktima
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Sumanth Mallikarjuna
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Majgi
authors.forename: Surinder Pal
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Payal Bansal
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Gupta
keywords: Airway management; blood pressure; bronchoscopy; endoscopes; endotracheal; haemodynamics; heart rate; intubation