title: Influence of long-term administration of rutin on spatial memory as well as the concentration of brain neurotransmitters in aged rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was designed to investigate the behavioral and neurochemical effects of long-term oral rutin administration to old male WAG rats (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w./day). Rutin is a well-known dietary flavonol glycoside with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, spatial memory was assessed in the water maze and then the levels of neurotransmitters in selected brain regions were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was enhanced spatial memory in aged rats pretreated with the smaller dose of rutin in the probe trial of the water maze, nevertheless, augmented levels of noradrenaline in the hippocampi of these animals were not correlated with improved spatial memory. The increased dopamine levels in the hypothalami of the same group of animals may suggest effects other than behavioral.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term rutin pre-treatment may cause behavioral and neurochemical changes in aged WAG male rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland. justyna.pyrzanowska@wum.edu.pl
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pyrzanowska
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piechal
authors.forename: Kamilla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blecharz-Klin
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Joniec-Maciejak
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zobel
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Widy-Tyszkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012431:Rutin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013028:Space Perception / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013995:Time
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D012431:Rutin; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine