title: Congenital arteriovenous fistula of the horseshoe kidney with multiple hemangiomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congenital renal arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are rare, especially if they are associated with other developmental renal anomalies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 34-year-old female was hospitalized due to total painless hematuria and bladder tamponade. Excretory urography revealed a horseshoe kidney with normal morphology of pyelocaliceal system and ureters. Aortography and selective renovasography detected a cluster-like vascular formation with multiple arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). Due to a large AVF gauge and poor flow of the efferent vein to the inferior vena cava, a surgical procedure of two renal artery segmentary branches ligation and division was performed. During the operative procedure, the presence of multiple superficial renal hemangiomas was detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although selective arterial embolization represents the preferable treatment option, conventional surgery remains favorable alternative in selected cases with large and complex AVF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Clinical Hospital Center "Dr. Dragisa Misović", Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Miodrag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lazić
authors.forename: Jovan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hadzi-Djokić
authors.forename: Dragoslav
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Basić
authors.forename: Miodrag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aćimović
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000002:abnormalities*