title: CXCL17, an orphan chemokine, acts as a novel angiogenic and anti-inflammatory factor.
abstract: Chemokines play pivotal roles in the recruitment of various immune cells to diverse tissues in both physiological and pathological conditions. CXCL17 is an orphan chemokine preliminarily found to be involved in tumor angiogenesis. However, its protein nature, as well as its endogenous bioactivity, has not been well clarified. Using real-time PCR, immunohistochemical staining, and Western blotting, we found that CXCL17 is highly expressed in both a constitutive and inducible manner in the rat gastric mucosa, where it undergoes endoproteolysis during protein maturation. The mature CXCL17 exhibited strong chemoattractant abilities targeting monocytes and macrophages, potentially through ERK1/2 and p38 but not JNK signaling. CXCL17 also induced the production of proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor A from treated monocytes. Furthermore, in contrast to other CXC chemokines that accelerate inflammatory responses, CXCL17 showed novel anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-activated macrophages. Therefore, our data suggest that CXCL17 in the gastric lamina propria may play an important role in tissue repair and anti-inflammation, both of which help to maintain the integrity of the gastric mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wei-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chun-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ting-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chih-Lun
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Ching-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D059748:Proteolysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C578494:CXCL17 protein, rat; D019743:Chemokines, CXC