title: High yield of wax ester synthesized from cetyl alcohol and octanoic acid by lipozyme RMIM and Novozym 435.
abstract: Wax esters are long-chain esters that have been widely applied in premium lubricants, parting agents, antifoaming agents and cosmetics. In this study, the biocatalytic preparation of a specific wax ester, cetyl octanoate, is performed in n-hexane using two commercial immobilized lipases, i.e., Lipozyme(®) RMIM (Rhizomucor miehei) and Novozym(®) 435 (Candida antarctica). Response surface methodology (RSM) and 5-level-4-factor central composite rotatable design (CCRD) are employed to evaluate the effects of reaction time (1-5 h), reaction temperature (45-65 °C), substrate molar ratio (1-3:1), and enzyme amount (10%-50%) on the yield of cetyl octanoate. Using RSM to optimize the reaction, the maximum yields reached 94% and 98% using Lipozyme(®) RMIM and Novozym(®) 435, respectively. The optimum conditions for synthesis of cetyl octanoate by both lipases are established and compared. Novozym(®) 435 proves to be a more efficient biocatalyst than Lipozyme(®) RMIM.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.affiliation: Department and Graduate Program of Bioindustry Technology, Dayeh University, 168 University Road, Chang-Hwa, 515, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Hung
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jiann-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yung-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chwen-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Shieh
mesh_terms: D002210:Caprylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry*; D011091:Polyesters / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002210:Caprylates; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D011091:Polyesters; C005031:cetyl alcohol; C093666:Lipozyme; C093667:Novozyme 435; D008049:Lipase; C031492:octanoic acid
keywords: Candida antarctica; Rhizomucor miehei; esterification; lipase; optimization; wax esters