title: Metabolic syndrome associated with reduced lower urinary tract symptoms in middle-aged men receiving health checkup.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact of metabolic syndrome on lower urinary tract symptoms in a sample of middle-aged men receiving a health checkup.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects aged 45 years or older who voluntarily underwent a medical checkup were enrolled. Participant demographics and health history were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. All participants were stratified into 2 groups by the presence of metabolic syndrome, as defined according to the updated National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III. Prostate volume and prostate-specific antigen levels were used for subgroup analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During January through December of 2010, 708 subjects with a mean age of 55.6 ± 9.72 years were enrolled into the study. Compared to the nonmetabolic syndrome group, the metabolic syndrome group had lower total international prostatic symptoms score (7.89 ± 6.63 vs 6.85 ± 6.52, P = .05) and lower severity of weak urinary stream (1.24 ± 1.60 vs 0.95 ± 1.50, P = .021). In the higher prostate volume group (prostate volume ≥ 30 mL), total international prostatic symptoms score, storage score, and urinary frequency, urgency and incomplete emptying were lower in men vs those without metabolic syndrome (all P < .05). The negative association between voiding score, severity of lower urinary tract symptoms, and metabolic syndrome became particularly pronounced as the number of metabolic syndrome factors increased (P for trend < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We confirmed that metabolic syndrome had favorable effects on lower urinary tract symptoms, including voiding and storage symptoms in healthy middle-aged men. This beneficial effect was most significant in men with enlarged prostate and/or high prostate specific antigen levels.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Yonghe Branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Teng-Kai
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ju-Tong
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Shyh-Chyan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong-Chiang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hung-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kuo-How
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D018450:Disease Progression; D019160:Endosonography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen