title: Development of the comprehensive observations of proprioception (COP): validity, reliability, and factor analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We developed an observational tool, the Comprehensive Observations of Proprioception (COP), for identifying proprioceptive processing issues in children with developmental disabilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Development of the COP underwent three phases. First, we developed items representing proprioceptive functions on the basis of an extensive literature review and consultation with occupational therapists. We then established interrater reliability and content, construct, and criterion validity. Finally, we completed a factor analysis of COP ratings of 130 children with known developmental disabilities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adequate validity and reliability were established. Factor analysis revealed a four-factor model that explained the underlying structure of the measure as it was hypothesized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The COP is a valid criterion-referenced short observational tool that structures the clinician's observations by linking a child's behaviors to areas identified in the literature as relevant to proprioceptive processing. It takes 15 min to administer and can be used in a variety of contexts, such as the home, clinic, and school.
authors.affiliation: Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar, CHP-133, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. blanche@usc.edu
authors.forename: Erna Imperatore
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Blanche
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bodison
authors.forename: Megan C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reinoso
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002658:Developmental Disabilities; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019370:Observation / Q000379:methods; D011434:Proprioception; D015203:Reproducibility of Results