title: Expression of promyelocytic leukemia protein and vascular endothelial growth factor in aqueous humor and vitreous fluid in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the expression of promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) in the eye of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  PML mRNA levels were measured in proliferative membranes from 12 PDR patients and idiopathic epiretinal membranes from 5 control patients by quantitative RT-PCR. Protein levels of PML and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor and vitreous fluid samples from 34 PDR patients and 38 control patients were determined using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PML mRNA expression levels in membrane samples, and the PML protein concentrations in aqueous humor and vitreous fluid samples were significantly lower in PDR patients than control patients. We observed a statistically significant inverse correlation between the concentrations of PML and VEGF in the aqueous humor and vitreous fluid of PDR patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PML may be a good candidate as a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic agent for PDR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katome
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Namekata
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Semba
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mitamura
mesh_terms: D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C070576:PML protein, human