title: The carboxyl-terminus of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 circulating recombinant form 01_AB capsid protein affects sensitivity to human TRIM5α.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 2 shows limited geographical distribution compared with HIV type 1. Although 8 genetic groups of HIV type 2 (HIV-2) have been described, recombinant viruses between these groups are rarely observed. Recently, three HIV-2 patients in Japan were described with rapidly progressive, acquired immunodeficiency. These patients were infected with an A/B inter-group recombinant designated CRF01_AB. Here, we characterize the capsid protein (CA) encoded by the viruses from these patients. HIV-2 CRF01_AB CA showed unique amino acid sequence almost equally distinct from group A and group B viruses. Notably, HIV-2 CRF01_AB CA showed potent resistance to human TRIM5α. In addition to the previously identified amino acid position 119 in the N-terminal domain of CA, we found that HIV-2 CRF01_AB-specific amino acid substitutions in the C-terminal domain also were necessary for resistance to human TRIM5α. These results indicate that retroviruses can evade TRIM5α by substitution at residues within the C-terminal domain of CA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Emi E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibe
authors.forename: Shunpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takehara
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yokomaku
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pizzato
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luban
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shioda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000090103:Antiviral Restriction Factors; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050506:Mutant Chimeric Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D000090103:Antiviral Restriction Factors; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050506:Mutant Chimeric Proteins; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; C477346:TRIM5 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases