title: University of California, Los Angeles, surgical time-out process: evolution, challenges, and future perspective.
abstract: Since the development of the WHO Safe Surgery Saves Lives initiative and Surgical Safety Checklist, numerous hospitals across the globe have adopted the use of a surgical checklist. The UCLA Health System developed its first extended Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008. Authors of the present paper describe how the time-out checklist used before skin incision was implemented and how it progressed to its current form. Compliance with the most recent version of the checklist has been closely monitored via documentation and observance audits. In addition, the surgical team's appreciation of the current time-out has been assessed. Cultural, practice, and human resource challenges are discussed, as are potential future avenues for innovations in the emerging field of the surgical checklist in neurosurgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90095-7436, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Winograd
authors.forename: Hallie R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van de Wiele
authors.forename: Neil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D057189:Checklist / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D009493:Neurosurgery / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010348:Patient Care Team; D017751:Safety Management; D013192:Staff Development