title: Phylogeography of dengue virus serotype 4, Brazil, 2010-2011.
abstract: Dengue virus serotype 4 (DENV-4) reemerged in Roraima State, Brazil, 28 years after it was last detected in the country in 1982. To study the origin and evolution of this reemergence, full-length sequences were obtained for 16 DENV-4 isolates from northern (Roraima, Amazonas, Pará States) and northeastern (Bahia State) Brazil during the 2010 and 2011 dengue virus seasons and for an isolate from the 1982 epidemic in Roraima. Spatiotemporal dynamics of DENV-4 introductions in Brazil were applied to envelope genes and full genomes by using Bayesian phylogeographic analyses. An introduction of genotype I into Brazil from Southeast Asia was confirmed, and full genome phylogeographic analyses revealed multiple introductions of DENV-4 genotype II in Brazil, providing evidence for >3 introductions of this genotype within the last decade: 2 from Venezuela to Roraima and 1 from Colombia to Amazonas. The phylogeographic analysis of full genome data has demonstrated the origins of DENV-4 throughout Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcio Roberto Teixeira
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Nuno Rodrigues
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.forename: Helena Baldez
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.forename: Daniele Barbosa de Almeida
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: Clayton Pereira
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Silva de Lima
authors.forename: Valéria Lima
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Eliana Vieira
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Pinto da Silva
authors.forename: Jedson Ferreira
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Edivaldo Costa
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: Keley Nascimento Barbosa
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Sueli Guerreiro
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Ana Barroso
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Abecasis
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Suchard
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lemey
authors.forename: Pedro Fernando da Costa
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D012703:Serotyping; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins