title: Antilithiasic and hypolipidaemic effects of Raphanus sativus L. var. niger on mice fed with a lithogenic diet.
abstract: In Mexico, Raphanus sativus L. var. niger (black radish) has uses for the treatment of gallstones and for decreasing lipids serum levels. We evaluate the effect of juice squeezed from black radish root in cholesterol gallstones and serum lipids of mice. The toxicity of juice was analyzed according to the OECD guidelines. We used female C57BL/6 mice fed with a lithogenic diet. We performed histopathological studies of gallbladder and liver, and measured concentrations of cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. The juice can be considered bioactive and non-toxic; the lithogenic diet significantly induced cholesterol gallstones; increased cholesterol and triglycerides levels, and decreased HDL levels; gallbladder wall thickness increased markedly, showing epithelial hyperplasia and increased liver weight. After treatment with juice for 6 days, cholesterol gallstones were eradicated significantly in the gallbladder of mice; cholesterol and triglycerides levels decreased too, and there was also an increase in levels of HDL (P < 0.05). Gallbladder tissue continued to show epithelial hyperplasia and granulocyte infiltration; liver tissue showed vacuolar degeneration. The juice of black radish root has properties for treatment of cholesterol gallstones and for decreasing serum lipids levels; therefore, we confirm in a preclinical study the utility that people give it in traditional medicine.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Química Farmacéutica Biológica, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
authors.forename: Ibrahim Guillermo
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Castro-Torres
authors.forename: Elia Brosla
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Naranjo-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Miguel Ángel
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Domínguez-Ortíz
authors.forename: Janeth
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gallegos-Estudillo
authors.forename: Margarita Virginia
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Saavedra-Vélez
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008055:Lipids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D031224:Raphanus / Q000737:chemistry*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts