title: Toxicokinetic study and absolute oral bioavailability of deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin and zearalenone in broiler chickens.
abstract: Mycotoxins lead to economic losses in animal production. A way to counteract mycotoxicosis is the use of detoxifiers. The European Food Safety Authority stated that the efficacy of detoxifiers should be investigated based on toxicokinetic studies. Little information is available on the absolute oral bioavailability and the toxicokinetic parameters of deoxynivalenol, T-2 and zearalenone in broilers. Toxins were administered intravenously and orally in a two-way cross-over design. For deoxynivalenol a bolus of 0.75mg/kg BW was administered, for T-2 toxin 0.02mg/kg BW and for zearalenone 0.3mg/kg BW. Blood was collected at several time points. Plasma levels of the mycotoxins and their metabolite(s) were quantified using LC-MS/MS methods and toxicokinetic parameters were analyzed. Deoxynivalenol has a low absolute oral bioavailability (19.3%). For zearalenone and T-2 no plasma levels above the limit of quantification were observed after an oral bolus. Volumes of distribution were recorded, i.e. 4.99, 0.14 and 22.26L/kg for deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin and zearalenone, respectively. Total body clearance was 0.12, 0.03 and 0.48L/minkg for deoxynivalenol, T-2 toxin and zearalenone, respectively. After IV administration, T-2 toxin had the shortest elimination half-life (3.9min), followed by deoxynivalenol (27.9min) and zearalenone (31.8min).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. ann.osselaere@ugent.be
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osselaere
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Devreese
authors.forename: Joline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vandenbroucke
authors.forename: Siegrid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Baere
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Backer
authors.forename: Siska
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Croubels
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002645:Chickens; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D006207:Half-Life; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D014255:Trichothecenes; D015025:Zearalenone; D013605:T-2 Toxin; C007262:deoxynivalenol