title: [Initial training in psychotherapy for psychiatrists in France: results of a national survey].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  According to a recent change in the French legislation (2010) regarding the regulation of the use of the title of "psychotherapist", psychiatrists are now allowed to use this title at the end of their training, without any additional training. However, various publications from 2000 have shown that there is no specific training in psychotherapy at a professional level during the training of psychiatrists.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the current situation of the Academic training of French psychiatrists in psychotherapy during their residency, their interest for these therapies, their level of satisfaction regarding their training, and the importance of additional private training programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey was carried out among residents in psychiatry from October 2010 until January 2011. An anonymous questionnaire covering five domains (academic teaching, psychoanalysis, extra-academic training, interest in a more developed model of training, supervision) was sent by the French Federative Association of Psychiatrists Trainees (AFFEP) to all French psychiatrist trainees, through their local trainee associations (n=26).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The questionnaire was answered by 869 of the 1334 psychiatry residents (65%). The vast majority of the trainees reported being interested in psychotherapy, but 75% thought that their training in psychotherapy (psychoanalysis, cognitive-behavioral therapy [CBT] and systemic therapy) is insufficient. In 20 of the 26 universities, more than half of the trainees reported that their training was insufficient in the three fields; in four universities, more than half of the trainees were satisfied with at least one field. Yet, satisfaction rates were very different among universities: for example, 27% were satisfied with their psychoanalytic training in Paris and 87% in Strasbourg; 7% were satisfied with their CBT training in Strasbourg, but 65% in Nice. The vast majority (97%) believes that supervision about therapeutic relationship is necessary during residency rotations in the hospital. More than three quarters (78%) would like to have supervision at least twice a month. Yet, only 51% of respondents have such supervision. Once again, large disparities were observed between different Academies: for example 74% had supervision in Montpellier, but only 29% in Marseille. The vast majority (95%) of trainees would like a two-phase model of training (general theoretical teaching plus in-depth training in one or more methods), which is different to the current training model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show a clear discrepancy between the importance of training in psychotherapy for psychiatrists, the interest of psychiatry students for these therapies, and the very high rate of dissatisfaction for the training received, as well as the rate of students supervised during their training period at the hospital. These results differ from what is observed in other countries, where satisfaction rates are much higher among students, and various psychotherapy training methods are proposed in a much more homogeneous manner. More research is required to understand the reasons for these difficulties with the psychotherapy training of psychiatrists in France, and to propose new models of training to improve this situation.
authors.affiliation: Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. avaneff@gmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Effenterre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azoulay
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Champion
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Briffault
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002321:Career Choice; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000193:education; D003479:Curriculum; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000193:education* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy / Q000193:education; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000193:education* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires