title: CHD1 remodelers regulate nucleosome spacing in vitro and align nucleosomal arrays over gene coding regions in S. pombe.
abstract: Nucleosome positioning governs access to eukaryotic genomes. Many genes show a stereotypic organisation at their 5'end: a nucleosome free region just upstream of the transcription start site (TSS) followed by a regular nucleosomal array over the coding region. The determinants for this pattern are unclear, but nucleosome remodelers are likely critical. Here we study the role of remodelers in global nucleosome positioning in S. pombe and the corresponding changes in expression. We find a striking evolutionary shift in remodeler usage between budding and fission yeast. The S. pombe RSC complex does not seem to be involved in nucleosome positioning, despite its prominent role in S. cerevisiae. While S. pombe lacks ISWI-type remodelers, it has two CHD1-type ATPases, Hrp1 and Hrp3. We demonstrate nucleosome spacing activity for Hrp1 and Hrp3 in vitro, and that together they are essential for linking regular genic arrays to most TSSs in vivo. Impaired arrays in the absence of either or both remodelers may lead to increased cryptic antisense transcription, but overall gene expression levels are only mildly affected.
authors.affiliation: Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pointner
authors.forename: Jenna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Punit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Norman-Axelsson
authors.forename: Annelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Strålfors
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khorosjutina
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krietenstein
authors.forename: J Peter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ekwall
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Korber
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D059467:Transcriptome
chemical_list: C489847:CHD1 protein, S cerevisiae; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D003609:Dactinomycin; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C464653:Hrp3 protein, S pombe; C481261:Swr1 protein, S cerevisiae; C111321:hrp1 protein, S pombe; D004265:DNA Helicases