title: Bioexclusion of diseases from dairy and beef farms: risks of introducing infectious agents and risk reduction strategies.
abstract: Infectious disease represents a major threat to the productivity and welfare of cattle herds throughout the world. The introduction of infectious agents into dairy and beef farms may be through direct transmission (purchased cattle, reintroduced resident cattle and contact with contiguous cattle) or indirect transmission (fomites, visitors, other species, and biological materials) and this article reviews the evidence supporting these transmission routes. In the absence of eradication programmes for many endemic infectious diseases, bioexclusion is the key management process for risk reduction. Various ameliorative bioexclusion strategies have been recommended and the evidence supporting these protocols is considered.
authors.affiliation: Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland. john.mee@teagasc.ie
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mee
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Geraghty
authors.forename: Ronan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: More
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D003612:Dairying; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D008460:Meat; D011529:Protozoan Infections, Animal / Q000635:transmission; D011790:Quarantine / Q000662:veterinary; D012307:Risk Factors; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary