title: Plasma rich in growth factors promotes bone tissue regeneration by stimulating proliferation, migration, and autocrine secretion in primary human osteoblasts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alveolar bone loss can be a major clinical concern affecting both functionality and esthetics. Osteoblasts are the main cells charged with the repair and regeneration of missing bone tissue. Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) allows delivery of a cocktail of proteins and growth factors that promote wound healing and tissue regeneration to the site of injury. This study tests the effect of this endogenous regenerative technology to stimulate alveolar osteoblast bone-forming potential.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary human osteoblasts were retrieved from alveolar bone of patients undergoing oral surgery. Cell proliferation was evaluated, and culture inserts and permeable transwell supports were used to assess cell migration and chemotaxis. The expression of differentiation markers was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PRGF succeeded in increasing proliferation, migration, and chemotaxis of osteoblasts. Also, PRGF significantly enhanced the autocrine expression of two relevant proangiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor, and three markers of osteoblastic activity, procollagen I, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that PRGF can stimulate some of the biologic processes of the main cells responsible for bone regeneration and help support the positive clinical outcomes that have been reported with this technology.
authors.affiliation: eduardoanitua@eduardoanitua.com
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anitua
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tejero
authors.forename: Mari Mar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zalduendo
authors.forename: Gorka
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orive
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D019898:Autocrine Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010949:Plasma; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; C066855:HGF protein, human; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C075278:platelet-derived growth factor A; D015675:Osteocalcin; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase