title: Illicit ketamine and its bladder consequences: is it irreversible?
abstract: Ketamine bladder is a new clinical entity that may lead to irreversible damage to the urinary system. We report the severe lower urinary tract symptoms of four young patients referred to our urology unit who were found to have ulcerative cystitis secondary to ketamine abuse. The pathophysiology remains unclear and the treatment is symptomatic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK. rozh6@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rozh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jalil
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003556:Cystitis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D059411:Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D007649:Ketamine