title: Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the screening for occult renal disease (SCORED) questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese.
abstract: Screening Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) allows early interventions, which may alter the natural course of the disease, including cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Screening for Occult Renal Disease (SCORED) is questionnaire with nine questions with different weights, and predicts a 20% chance for CKD if a individual score > 4 points.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Translate to Portuguese, perform the adaptation to the Brazilian culture and validate the original version of SCORED questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Steps of the process: Translation from English into Brazilian Portuguese; back-translation into English; application to a population sample; and Proof-reading and completion. The translations and reviews were made by professionals experts in Portuguese and English. The questionnaire was applied to 306 participants and CKD was diagnosed as suggested by the NKF KDOQI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participants mean age was 49 ± 13 years, 61% were women, 69% were white, and 68% had education below high school, 38.5% had hypertension, and 12.3% diabetics. The final Brazilian Portuguese version of the SCORED questionnaire was well understood. CKD was diagnosed in 20 (6.5%) of the participants. The Brazilian version of the SCORED questionnaire showed sensitivity of 80%, specificity of 65%, positive predictive value of 14%, negative predictive value of 97%, and accuracy of 66%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The steps used for the translation, transcultural adaptation, and validation allowed a Brazilian Portuguese version of the SCORED questionnaire which was well understood, acceptable and costless, characteristics that make it a useful tool in the identification of people that chance of having CKD.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora.
authors.forename: Edson José de Carvalho
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Magacho
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos Ferreira
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Tássia Januário Ferreira
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Elaine Amaral de
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: Shirlei de Sousa
authors.initials: Sde S
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Márcio Augusto
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Marcus Gomes
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bastos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations