title: Contribution of modeling approaches and virtual populations in           transposing the results of clinical trials into real life and in enlightening public           health decisions.
abstract: Modeling consists in aggregating separate pieces of knowledge, according to a given           structure and rules. It allows studying the behavior of more or less complex systems by           simulation techniques. Modeling is used in different state-of-the-art technological           domains (meteorology, aeronautics). Its use has grown for the evaluation of medicines and           medical devices, from conception to prescription (marketing authorization, reimbursement,           price setting and re-registrations). It follows a scientific approach and is the object of           good practice recommendations. Coupling models to virtual populations allows obtaining           realistic results at the population level, testing diagnostic or therapeutic strategies,           as well as estimating the consequences of transposing the results of clinical trials to           the population. Through examples, the participants of the Round Table analyzed the           contributions of the coupling of models and realistic virtual populations, and proposed           guidelines for their judicious and systematic use.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutic Trials, Hospices Civils de Lyon, France & UMR5558, CNRS and Lyon 1 University, Lyon France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gueyffier
authors.forename: Catherine Brun
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Strang
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berdeaux
authors.forename: Lionel Riou
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: França
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blin
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Massol
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011634:Public Health; D012106:Research