title: Hyperoncotic albumin attenuates lung and intestine injuries caused by peritonitis-induced sepsis in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyperoncotic albumin may be a therapeutic option to improve tissue perfusion and organ injury in sepsis. To clarify the hypothesis and its mechanism, hyperoncotic albumin was administered to the rats in a polymicrobial sepsis-peritonitis model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peritonitis was induced by a surgery of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in 27 male Wistar rats. For control purposes, sham operations without ligating and puncturing the cecum were performed in 20 rats. Three hours later, rats were randomized to receive intravenously 3 mL/kg of 5% albumin, 25% albumin, or normal saline. All the hemodynamic and biochemical parameters were measured during the 18-h observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In septic rats, 25% albumin attenuated hypotension, vascular hyporeactivity to norepinephrine, and the elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and blood urea nitrogen. However, these improvements were not noted in CLP rats after 5% albumin treatment. In addition, 25% albumin decreased metabolic acidosis and improved the CLP-induced hypoperfusion in the intestine and kidney. Superoxide levels in the aorta and lung and the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the lung were also attenuated by 25% albumin in CLP rats. Microscopic findings confirmed that 25% albumin attenuated the substantial swelling and cell infiltration in the intestine and lung caused by CLP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this sepsis rat model, 25% albumin reduced macro- and microhemodynamic changes and attenuated intestine and lung injuries in peritonitis-induced sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chian
authors.forename: Cheng-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: Shiu-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhen-Feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Jinn
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.forename: Shuk-Man
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ka
authors.forename: Hsieh-Chou
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chin-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000293:injuries; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006439:Hemodynamics; D007422:Intestines / Q000293:injuries*; D008026:Ligation / Q000009:adverse effects; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000150:complications*; D011677:Punctures / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; C028426:hyperoncotic albumin; D013481:Superoxides; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II