title: Diagnostic and prognostic relevance of MMP-11 expression in the stromal fibroblast-like cells adjacent to invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP-11) is a matrix degrading enzyme known to be involved in the remodeling of extracellular matrix proteins. This enzyme recently has been reported to play a key role in tumor progression and results in poor clinical outcomes for several different types of tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 192 patients diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma between 2000 and 2005 were included in this study. MMP-11 expression in tumors and stromal fibroblast-like cells was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining on a tissue microarray. Subsequently, evaluation of the associations between MMP-11 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMP-11 expression of stromal fibroblast-like cells was correlated with prognostic factors, including tumor size, metastasis, histological grade, central tumor fibrosis, p53 expression, and luminal A subtype and was linked to therapeutic markers, such as ER and HER2 (all p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between worse overall survival and MMP-11 expression in both tumors and stromal fibroblast-like cells (all p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, MMP-11 expression of stromal fibroblast-like cells was still significantly associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMP-11 expression was significantly related to clinicopathological parameters, which may be essential to the prediction of disease outcome in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyueng-Whan
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Dong-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung-Im
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Jung-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pyo
authors.forename: Kyungeun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seoung Wan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Jin Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Young-Ha
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Hong Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seon Hyeong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yoon Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Chan Heun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D053507:Matrix Metalloproteinase 11 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C511771:MMP11 protein, human; D053507:Matrix Metalloproteinase 11