title: Does the MRI or MRI contrast medium gadopentetate dimeglumine change the oxidant and antioxidant status in humans?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has become evident that gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) may have nephrotoxic potential. Oxidative stress is one of the most important pathways in the pathogenesis of iodinated contrast-induced nephropathy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of static magnetic fields and gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist(®)) on oxidant/antioxidant status via measurement of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and serum malondialdehide (MDA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two age- and sex-matched groups of patients not under oxidative stress conditions that underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were recruited to this study. While contrast-enhanced (Magnevist(®), 0.2 mmol/kg) MRI was performed in group 1, MRI without GBCA was performed in group 2. Fasting blood glucose, C-reactive protein, serum creatinine, liver enzymes, uric acid, and lipid parameters were examined in all patients. Peripheral venous blood samples in order to determine TAC, TOS, and MDA were collected before and 6, 24, and 72 h after the MRI procedures. The TOS:TAC ratio was used as the oxidative stress index (OSI). Patients were followed up to 72 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant changes in serum TAC, TOS, and MDA levels (Δ(serum TAC), Δ(serum TOS), and Δ(MDA)) in either group 6, 24, or 72 h after the procedures (P > 0.05). Furthermore, OSI did not change after the procedures in either group (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Magnetic field and gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist(®)) do not change the oxidant or antioxidant status at a dose of 0.2 mmol/kg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Refik
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olmaz
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Turgutalp
authors.forename: Ebru Gok
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Oguz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horoz
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozhan
authors.forename: Necati
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muslu
authors.forename: Mehmet A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sungur
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiykim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003287:Contrast Media; D008055:Lipids; D014527:Uric Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003404:Creatinine; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA