title: Preliminary study of Korean orthodontic residents' current concepts and knowledge of cleft lip and palate management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A national survey was conducted to assess orthodontic residents' current concepts and knowledge of cleft lip and palate (CLP) management in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire consisting of 7 categories and 36 question items was distributed to 16 senior chief residents of orthodontic department at 11 dental university hospitals and 5 medical university hospitals in Korea. All respondents completed the questionnaires and returned them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the respondents reported that they belonged to an interdisciplinary team. Nineteen percent indicated that they use presurgical infant orthopedic (PSIO) appliances. The percentage of respondents who reported they were 'unsure' about the methods about for cleft repair operation method was relatively high. Eighty-six percent reported that the orthodontic treatment was started at the deciduous or mixed dentition. Various answers were given regarding the amount of maxillary expansion for alveolar bone graft and the estimates of spontaneous or forced eruption of the upper canine. Sixty-seven percent reported use of a rapid maxillary expansion appliance as an anchorage device for maxillary protraction with a facemask. There was consensus among respondents regarding daily wearing time, duration of treatment, and amount of orthopedic force. Various estimates were given for the relapse percentage after maxillary advancement distraction osteogenesis (MADO). Most respondents did not have sufficient experience with MADO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that education about the concepts and methods of PSIO and surgical repair, consensus regarding orthodontic management protocols, and additional MADO experience are needed in order to improve the quality of CLP management in Korean orthodontic residents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Il-Sik
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hyo-Keun
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Seung-Hak
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baek
keywords: Cleft lip and palate management; Korea; Orthodontic training programs