title: Carbon nanotubes functionalized with sodium hyaluronate restore bone repair in diabetic rat sockets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the effects of sodium hyaluronate (HY) and carbon nanotubes functionalized with HY (HY-CNT) on bone repair in the tooth sockets of diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (50 mg kg(-1) i.v.), and the sockets were divided into normal control, diabetic control, diabetic treated with HY (1%), and diabetic treated with HY-CNT (100 μg ml(-1)) groups. The sockets were analyzed according to the percentage of bone formation and the number of cell nuclei.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of bone trabeculae was lower in diabetic control animals (11.16 ± 5.10% vs 41.92 ± 6.34% in normal animals) after 14 days. Treating diabetic animals with HY or HY-CNT significantly increased the percentage of neoformed trabeculae (HY: 29.43 ± 3.29%; HY-CNT: 36.90 ± 3.07%). Moreover, the sockets of diabetic animals had an increased number of cell nuclei and HY or HY-CNT reduced this parameter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that HY and HY-CNT restore bone repair in the tooth sockets of diabetic rats, suggesting that these biomaterials are potential adjuvant therapies for the management of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sá
authors.forename: V B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mendes
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Caliari
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Ladeira
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: G A B
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Corrêa-Júnior
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid
keywords: biomaterials; carbon nanotubes; diabetes; sodium hyaluronate; tooth extraction