title: Aerobic exercise does not compromise muscle hypertrophy response to short-term resistance training.
abstract: This study tested the hypothesis that chronic aerobic and resistance exercise (AE+RE) would elicit greater muscle hypertrophy than resistance exercise only (RE). Ten men (25 ± 4 yr) performed 5 wk unilateral knee extensor AE+RE. The opposing limb was subjected to RE. AE completed 6 hr prior to RE consisted of ~45 min one-legged cycle ergometry. RE comprised 4 × 7 maximal concentric-eccentric knee extensions. Various indexes of in vivo knee extensor function were measured before and after training. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessed m. quadricep femoris (QF) cross-sectional area (CSA), volume, and signal intensity (SI). Biopsies obtained from m. vastus lateralis determined fiber CSA, enzyme levels, and gene expression of myostatin, atrogin-1, MuRF-1, PGC-1α, and VEGF. Increases (P < 0.05) in isometric strength and peak power, respectively, were comparable in AE+RE (9 and 29%) and RE (11 and 24%). AE+RE showed greater increase (14%; P < 0.05) in QF volume than RE (8%). Muscle fiber CSA increased 17% after AE+RE (P < 0.05) and 9% after RE (P > 0.05). QF SI increased (12%; P < 0.05) after AE+RE, but not RE. Neither AE+RE nor RE showed altered mRNA levels. Citrate synthase activity increased (P < 0.05) after AE+RE. The results suggest that the increased aerobic capacity shown with AE+RE was accompanied by a more robust increase in muscle size compared with RE. Although this response was not carried over to greater improvement in muscle function, it remains that intense AE can be executed prior to RE without compromising performance outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden. tommy.lundberg@miun.se
authors.forename: Tommy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Gonzalo
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: Per A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tesch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D006003:Glycogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055435:Myostatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods; D044843:SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D055435:Myostatin; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014867:Water; D006003:Glycogen; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C440907:FBXO32 protein, human; D044843:SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases; C440908:TRIM63 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases