title: Pregnancy in renal transplant recipients: a UK national cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Most reports of pregnancy outcome in women with kidney transplants are single-center, retrospective, and include small numbers and few are compared with controls. The aim of this study was to collect information about pregnancy outcomes among all kidney transplant recipients in the United Kingdom, managed with current antenatal and nephrologic care, and to compare these data with a contemporaneous control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant women with a kidney transplant were identified through the UK Obstetric Surveillance System (UKOSS) between January 1, 2007 and December 31, 2009. Data on a comparison cohort were obtained from the UKOSS database, containing information on comparison women identified in previous studies. Outcomes were also compared with national data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 105 pregnancies identified in 101 recipients. Median prepregnancy creatinine was 118 μmol/L. Preeclampsia developed in 24% compared with 4% of the comparison group. Median gestation at delivery was 36 weeks, with 52% of women delivering at <37 weeks, significantly higher than the national rate of 8%. Twenty-four infants (24%) were small for gestational age (<10th centile). There were two (2%) cases of acute rejection. Potential predictive factors for poor pregnancy outcome included >1 previous kidney transplant (P=0.03), first trimester serum creatinine >125 μmol/L (P=0.001), and diastolic BP >90 mmHg in the second (P=0.002) and third trimesters (P=0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most pregnancies in the United Kingdom in women with kidney transplants are successful but rates of maternal and neonatal complications remain high.
authors.affiliation: Division of Women's Health, Women's Health Academic Centre, King's Health Partners, King's College London, London, UK. kate.bramham@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bramham
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nelson-Piercy
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: Patsy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spark
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brocklehurst
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kurinczuk
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knight
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006113:United Kingdom; D055815:Young Adult