title: Effects of multicomponent exercise on cognitive function in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To examine the effects of a multicomponent exercise program on the cognitive function of older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve months, randomized controlled trial;
  
  
  METHODS
  Community center in Japan;
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty older adults (27 men) with aMCI ranging in age from 65 to 93 years (mean age, 75 years);
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were randomized into either a multicomponent exercise (n = 25) or an education control group (n = 25). Subjects in the multicomponent exercise group exercised under the supervision of physiotherapists for 90 min/d, 2 d/wk, for a total of 80 times over 12 months. The exercises included aerobic exercises, muscle strength training, and postural balance retraining, and were conducted using multiple conditions to stimulate cognitive functions. Subjects in the control group attended three education classes regarding health during the 12-month period. MEASUREMENTS were administered before, after the 6-month, and after the 12-month intervention period;
  
  
  METHODS
  The performance measures included the mini-mental state examination, logical memory subtest of the Wechsler memory scale-revised, digit symbol coding test, letter and categorical verbal fluency test, and the Stroop color word test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean adherence to the exercise program was 79.2%. Improvements of cognitive function following multicomponent exercise were superior at treatment end (group × time interactions for the mini-mental state examination (P = 0.04), logical memory of immediate recall (P = 0.03), and letter verbal fluency test (P = 0.02)). The logical memory of delayed recall, digit symbol coding, and Stroop color word test showed main effects of time, although there were no group × time interactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that exercise improves or supports, at least partly, cognitive performance in older adults with aMCI.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan. suzutaka@ncgg.go.jp
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Hyuma
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makizako
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsutsumimoto
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Anan
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Sangyoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyuntae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000647:Amnesia / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003071:Cognition; D060825:Cognitive Dysfunction / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D056344:Executive Function; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D004856:Postural Balance; D016896:Treatment Outcome