title: Optimized loading and sustained release of hydrophilic proteins from internally nanostructured particles.
abstract: In this study, we demonstrate that emulsified microemulsions and micellar cubosomes are suitable as sustained delivery vehicles for water-soluble proteins. Through structural modifications, the loading efficiency of two model proteins, namely bovine serum albumin (BSA) and cytochrome c could be remarkably increased. A procedure for preparing these particles loaded with optimized amounts of sensitive substances is presented. Loading and dispersion at low temperatures is performed in two successive steps. First, a water-in-oil microemulsion is loaded with the proteins. Subsequently, this phase is dispersed in water resulting in particles with microemulsion and micellar cubic internal structure and a size of approximately 620 nm. This two-step method ensures optimal loading of the particles with the proteins. These nanostructured particles are able to sustain the release of the water-soluble BSA and cytochrome c. Within one day, less than 10% of BSA and 15% of cytochrome c are released. The release rate of cytochrome c is influenced by the nanostructure of the particles.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chemelli
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Geier
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Glatter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000737:chemistry*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods*; D004655:Emulsions; D006736:Horses; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007700:Kinetics; D008823:Micelles; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004655:Emulsions; D008823:Micelles; D014867:Water; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D008899:Mineral Oil; D045304:Cytochromes c