title: PFT1, a transcriptional Mediator complex subunit, controls root hair differentiation through reactive oxygen species (ROS) distribution in Arabidopsis.
abstract: Root hair morphogenesis is driven by an amalgam of interacting processes controlled by complex signaling events. Redox processes and transcriptional control are critical for root hair development. However, the molecular mechanisms that integrate redox state and transcription are largely unknown. To elucidate a possible role of transcriptional Mediators in root hair formation, we analyzed the Arabidopsis root hair phenotype of T-DNA insertion lines that harbor homozygous mutations in genes encoding Mediator subunits. Genetic evidence indicates that the Mediator subunits PFT1/MED25 and MED8 are critical for root hair differentiation, but act via separate mechanisms. Transcriptional profiling of pft1 roots revealed that PFT1 activates a subset of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-producing class III peroxidases. pft1 mutants showed perturbed H(2)O(2) and superoxide (O(2)(·-)) distribution, suggesting that PFT1 is essential to maintain redox homeostasis in the root. Chemical treatments rescued the pft1 mutant phenotype, indicating that correct reactive oxygen species (ROS) distribution is an essential prerequisite for root hair differentiation. In addition, PFT1 positively regulates cell wall remodeling genes that are essential for root hair formation. Our results demonstrate that PFT1 maintains ROS distribution which, in turn, controls root hair differentiation. Thus, our findings reveal a novel mechanism in which the Mediator controls ROS homeostasis by regulating the transcriptional machinery.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung-Hsing University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Kalaipandian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sundaravelpandian
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Molecular and Cellular Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Nulu Naga Prafulla
authors.initials: NNP
authors.lastname: Chandrika
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung-Hsing University, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Molecular and Cellular Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.|Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006706:Homeostasis; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010641:Phenotype; D059828:Plant Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C475686:PFT1 protein, Arabidopsis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D019255:NADPH Oxidases