title: A comparative study of amoxicillin, clindamycin and chlorhexidine in the prevention of post-extraction bacteraemia.
abstract: We evaluated some of the regimens recommended for the antimicrobial prophylaxis of infective endocarditis prior to dental extraction in 160 patients. Group A patients served as the control group, group B subjects rinsed their mouths with chlorhexidene, group C subjects took 3 g amoxicillin orally and group D patients took 600 mg clindamycin orally. The proportion of patients who had post-extraction bacteraemia in groups A, B, C and D was 35, 40, 7.5 and 20%, respectively. The differences between the control and amoxicillin groups (p = 0.003) and between the chlorhexidine and amoxicillin groups (p = 0.0006) were statistically significant. Streptococci were not isolated in any patients in the amoxicillin and clindamycin groups. In our study, none of the regimens were effective in preventing post-extraction bacteraemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutics and Medicines Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. maharajb4@ukzn.ac.za
authors.forename: Breminand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maharaj
authors.forename: Yacoob
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Coovadia
authors.forename: Ahmed C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Vayej
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002981:Clindamycin; D000658:Amoxicillin; D002710:Chlorhexidine