title: A study on serum advanced glycation end products and its association with oxidative stress and paraoxonase activity in type 2 diabetic patients with vascular complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Enhanced formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formed secondary to hyperglycemic conditions has been linked to diabetes mellitus (DM) associated complications. We investigated the clinical relevance of estimating AGEs and their relationship with oxidative stress (OS) and paraoxonase (PON1) activity in type 2 DM (T2DM) in relation to development of vascular complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum AGEs along with PON1 activity, protein carbonyl (PCO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and total thiol (T-SH) were determined in 157 T2DM patients (DM without complications n=57, DM micro-vascular complications n=53, DM macro-vascular complications n=47) and 40 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum AGE level increased significantly in various study groups in following manner: healthy control<DM without complications<DM-macro<DM-micro. Logistic regression analysis using diabetic complications as dependent variable showed significant association with AGE level and PON1 activity even after adjustment for confounding factors. Receiver-operating-characteristics curve analysis showed that 2-fold increased in glycation and 50% decrease in PON1 activity may lead to development of vascular complications in diabetic subjects. PCO, AOPP and MDA were higher and PON1 activity was lower in T2DM with complications than those without complications. Among diabetic patients AGEs showed significant positive correlation with HbA(1C), MDA, AOPP, and negative correlation with PON1 activity and T-SH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High serum AGE concentration and low PON1 activity may be considered as additional risk factor for development of vascular complications in T2DM. AGE formation plays significant role in induction of OS in diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and G.T.B. Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India. bansalsavita_1916@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Savita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.forename: Diwesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chawla
authors.forename: Manushi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siddarth
authors.forename: Basu Dev
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Sri Venkata
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Madhu
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tripathi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products / Q000097:blood; D000368:Aged; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D062107:Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human