title: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in relation to hypoxia and oncoproteins in clinical cervical tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Explore the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in cervical cancer and its relationship to hypoxia and the expression of p53, Ku70/80, and cyclin D1.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of PAI-1, cyclin D1, and p53, together with tumor oxygenation, were determined in 43 consecutive patients suffering from localized cervical carcinoma. Oncoprotein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. Tumor oxygenation was measured using a polarographic probe system, "pO2 histography."
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAI expression was considered negative in 32.6% and overexpressed in 18.6% of cases. Cyclin D1 showed a median expression of 5.0 (range 0-70). We observed a positive association between PAI expression and altered p53 (p = 0.049) and cyclin D1 (p = 0.020). An inverse association was detected between PAI and Ku70/80 expression (p = 0.042). Cyclin D1 staining increased according to tumor volume (r = 0.314, p = 0.009). We did not observe a significant association between PAI and hypoxia or other clinicopathological parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results show that PAI-1 overexpression is associated with nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair down-regulation (low Ku70/80 expression) and with increased p53 and cyclin D1 expression, and they suggest that PAI-1 plays a role in the tumor behavior in cervical carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,  Las Palmas, Spain.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Lara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lloret
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valenciano
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clavo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pinar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Henríquez-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D001706:Biopsy; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; C530104:CCND1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019938:Cyclin D1; C000606509:Xrcc6 protein, human; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen