title: [Placement of percutaneous nephrostomy by open magnetic resonance imaging: clinical results and current status in urology].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube placement under combined ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance is a standard procedure in urology. The use of a 1 Tesla open magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner enables PCN placement under real-time guidance.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present series 51 patients underwent a total of 79 MRI-guided procedures between 2008 and 2012 and 52 interventions were performed after failure of conventional urological manipulation. Of the procedures 55 involved only a minor urine transport disorder (UTD) or none at all.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Puncture and subsequent PCN tube placement were successful in all patients. Extravasation was found in four patients and renal pelvic clots in three. All complications healed without sequelae or further interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MRI-guided PCN tube placement is an optimal alternative, particularly in cases of limited conventional imaging.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg A. ö. R., Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Deutschland. markus.porsch@med.ovgu.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porsch
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wendler
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fischbach
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schindele
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janitzky
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baumunk
authors.forename: U-B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Liehr
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ricke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schostak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014572:Urology / Q000639:trends; D055815:Young Adult