title: White light augments chemotherapeutic potential of cyclophosphamide: an in vitro study.
abstract: Cyclophosphamide (CYC) is a known chemotherapeutic drug used widely for the treatment of leukemias, lymphomas and some solid tumors. Copper is an essential constituent of chromatin and its level is usually elevated in various malignancies. Combined modality chemotherapy involves the use of drug with other components for cancer treatment, such as radiation therapy or surgery. Photosensitizer anticancer drugs can be used in combination with light and may have synergistic effect on cancer. The present study is an attempt to show that CYC acts as prooxidant when used in combination with Cu(II) and white light. We hypothesize that CYC when given as a chemotherapeutic agent possibly interact with endogenous copper associated with chromatin of the cancer cells and generate ROS besides acting as DNA alkylating agent. Thus, during chemotherapy the oxidative stress is possibly generated by the drug through mobilizing endogenous Cu(II) which may attribute to the cytotoxic death of cancer cell.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslin University, Aligarh, UP 202002, India.
authors.forename: Sandesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chibber
authors.forename: Iftekhar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Mohd
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farhan
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: Imrana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naseem
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002374:Catalase / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D053837:DNA Cleavage / Q000187:drug effects; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D012996:Solutions; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000737:chemistry; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D012996:Solutions; D013481:Superoxides; D003300:Copper; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D004247:DNA; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase