title: High therapeutic concentration of prazosin up-regulates angiogenic IL6 and CCL2 genes in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
abstract: Alteration of the oxidative stress of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells can influence the expressions of genes favored angiogenesis. Quinone reductase 2 which can activate quinones leading to reactive oxygen species production is a melatonin receptor known as MT3. Prazosin prescribed for benign prostate hyperplasia and hypertension is a potent antagonist for MT3. This study was to investigate the influence of therapeutic concentrations of prazosin (0.01 and 0.1μM) on cell proliferation and differential expressions of CCL2, CCL20, CXCL6, CXCL10, IL8 and IL6 genes related to inflammation and/or oxidative stress in human HCC cell lines. Two HCC cell lines including one without susceptible to amphotericin B-induced oxidative stress (cell line A; HCC24/KMUH) and one with this effect (cell line B; HCC38/KMUH) were investigated by 0.01 and 0.1μM prazosin. The premixed WST-1 cell proliferation reagent was applied for proliferation assay. Differential expressions of genes were examined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed that both 0.01 and 0.1μM prazosin did not influence cell proliferation in both cell lines. Both 0.01 and 0.1μM prazosin in cell line A and 0.01μM prazosin in cell line B did not cause differential expressions of tested genes. However, 0.1μM prazosin caused remarkable up-regulation of IL6 gene and slightly up-regulation of CCL2 gene in cell line B. In conclusion, high therapeutic concentration of prazosin can up-regulate angiogenic IL6 and CCL2 genes in human HCC cells susceptible to amphotericin B-induced oxidative stress. Clinical application of prazosin in patients with HCC should consider this possibility.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Center and Division of Hepatobiliary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. linzuyau@yahoo.com.tw
authors.forename: Zu-Yau
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wan-Long
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011224:Prazosin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C110656:2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D000666:Amphotericin B; D011224:Prazosin