title: Decreased luteinizing hormone pulse frequency is associated with elevated 24-hour ghrelin after calorie restriction and exercise in premenopausal women.
abstract: Elevated ghrelin has been shown to be associated with reduced luteinizing hormone (LH) pulsatility in Rhesus monkeys, rats, men, and recently women. We previously reported that 24-h ghrelin concentrations are elevated in women following a 3-mo exercise and diet program leading to weight loss. We investigated whether the elevations in ghrelin following an ~3-mo exercise and diet program leading to weight loss are associated with a decrease in LH pulsatility. The nonexercising control group (Control, n = 5) consumed a controlled diet that matched energy needs, whereas energy intake in the exercise group (Energy Deficit, n = 16) was reduced from baseline energy requirements and supervised exercise training occurred five times per a week. Significant decreases in body weight (-3.0 ± 0.6 kg), body fat (-2.9 ± 0.4 kg) and 24-h LH pulse frequency (-0.18 ± 0.08 pulses/h), and a significant increase in 24-h mean ghrelin were observed in only the Energy Deficit group. The pre-post change in LH pulse frequency was negatively correlated with the change in mean 24-h ghrelin (R = -0.485, P = 0.030) and the change in peak ghrelin at lunch (R = -0.518, P = 0.019). Interestingly, pre-post change in night LH pulse frequency was negatively correlated with the change in mean day ghrelin (R = -0.704, P = 0.001). Elevated total ghrelin concentrations are associated with the suppression of LH pulsatility in premenopausal women and may play a role in the suppression of reproductive function following weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Women's Health and Exercise Laboratory, Noll Laboratory, Dept. of Kinesiology, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Scheid
authors.forename: Mary Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: De Souza
authors.forename: Brenna R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Leidy
authors.forename: Nancy I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone