title: Pharmacokinetics of hydrocodone and hydromorphone after oral hydrocodone in healthy Greyhound dogs.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of hydrocodone and its active metabolite hydromorphone in six healthy Greyhound dogs. Hydrocodone bitartrate was administered at a targeted dose of 0.5 mg/kg PO. Plasma concentrations of hydrocodone and hydromorphone were determined by liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The mean hydrocodone CMAX was 11.73 ng/mL at 0.74 h with a terminal half-life of 1.60 h. The mean hydromorphone CMAX was 5.2 ng/mL at 1.37 h with a terminal half-life of 3.07 h. Mean plasma hydromorphone concentrations exceeded 2 ng/mL from 0.5 to 8 h after hydrocodone administration. Further studies assessing the antinociceptive effects of oral hydrocodone are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. kukanich@ksu.edu
authors.forename: Butch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: KuKanich
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spade
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D004285:Dogs / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006207:Half-Life; D006853:Hydrocodone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004091:Hydromorphone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D000082:Acetaminophen; D006853:Hydrocodone; D004091:Hydromorphone