title: Use of subepithelial connective tissue graft as a biological barrier: a human clinical and histologic case report.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to develop a method to study the healing process after gingival grafting and to observe the histologic results after use of the modified edentulous ridge expansion technique. A 47-year-old nonsmoking woman with a noncontributory past medical history affected by edentulism associated with a horizontal alveolar ridge defect was referred to the authors for surgical correction of the deficit to improve implant support and the final esthetics of an implant-borne prosthesis. At the 4-month follow-up visit, a biopsy was performed by a punch technique in the same sites of healing abutment connection. The tissue was elevated from the attached gingival. Clinically, the grafted tissues seemed to be attached to the bone surfaces. The histologic findings revealed dense grafted tissues, providing long-term stability to the area. No ligament or bone, characteristic for periodontal regeneration, were observed. The presence of thick attached keratinized tissue around implants may constitute a protective factor against marginal inflammation or trauma.
authors.affiliation: 1  Department of Head and Neck Pathologies, Oral Cavity and Audio-Verbal Communication, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santagata
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guariniello
authors.forename: Rosario V E
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Prisco
authors.forename: Gianpaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tartaro
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: D'Amato
mesh_terms: D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D064592:Autografts / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D007633:Keratins; D003094:Collagen
keywords: biopsy; connective tissue; endosseous dental implantation; epithelium; osteotome technique