title: Characteristic electroencephalographic findings by photic driving in patients with migraine-associated vertigo.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with migraine-associated vertigo (MAV) may have a higher incidence of photic-driven electroencephalography (EEG) response. The occurrence of photic-driven responses for stimulation at frequencies of 10, 12, and 15 Hz can be considered a positive indicator for MAV. Although photic driving is not specific to migraine, patients with MAV have a higher incidence of photic driving. The distinction between Ménière's disease and MAV by means of EEG would be another interesting topic of research.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to distinguish between patients with MAV and patients with other vestibulopathies (VPs) using EEG.
  
  
  METHODS
  EEG with intermittent photic stimulation (PS) at frequencies between 3 and 24 Hz was recorded to quantify photic driving in patients with MAV (n = 21) and VPs (n = 15). The presence or absence of photic driving was determined; a score of 1 was counted for response to a particular frequency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total scores were calculated for each patient for statistical comparison. There was a significant difference in the average total score between MAV and VP patients (p < 0.05), and photic-driven responses were observed for 10, 12, and 15 Hz stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan. amifumi@bc5.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Fumiyuki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008575:Meniere Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D015837:Vestibular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology