title: Relationship between acute stroke outcome, aspirin resistance, and humoral factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationship between biochemical aspirin resistance (AR) and functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke is uncertain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospectively, 269 patients with acute ischemic stroke were recruited. Their responsiveness to aspirin was evaluated by platelet function analyzer (PFA-100). All patients received blood tests for fibrinogen, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), CD40-ligand, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule -1, von Willebrand factor (vWF), and D-dimer. The patients' National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale scores were recorded on admission, at 30 days, and at 90 days after stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Closure-time measured by PFA-100 equipped with epinephrine/collagen cartridge (Epi-CT) was <193 seconds (defined as AR) in 83 patients (30.9%). Patients with AR were less likely to have favorable outcome at 30 days (47.0%, p = 0.047; odds ratio: 0.69, 0.48-0.99) and 90 days (57.8%, p = 0.037; odds ratio: 0.69, 0.47-0.97) after stroke compared with those of patients without AR (60.2% and 71.0%, respectively). The Epi-CT correlated with closure-time measured by adenosine diphosphate/collagen cartridge (r = 0.241, p < 0.001), blood white cell count (r = -0.125, p = 0.041), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.120, p = 0.050), hs-CRP (r = -0.150, p = 0.015), vWF (r = -0.134, p = 0.028), and body mass index (r = 0.143, p = 0.019). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at admission, atrial fibrillation, increased plasma levels of hs-CRP, and D-dimer were independent predictors for unfavorable stroke outcome at 90 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aspirin resistance evaluated by PFA-100 test was associated with unfavorable 90-day outcome. However, AR determined by PFA-100 dose not predict 90-day functional outcome. The results of PFA-100 testing represented a complex interaction between drug effect, inflammatory reaction, and prothrombotic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Ping-Tsun
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Shu-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Yi-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Hung-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D019007:P-Selectin; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D001241:Aspirin