title: Traditional and contemporary surgical approaches to the orbit.
abstract: Traditional orbital approaches are nearly a century old and still comprise the foundation of techniques used today. Computer-assisted planning and intraoperative navigation have recently been reported with more prevalence in the literature. The purpose of this article was to review commonly used approaches to the orbit: old and new.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 611 Southwest Campus Drive, SDOMS, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Markiewicz
authors.forename: R Bryan
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000601:surgery*