title: Massage Therapy Produces Short-term Improvements in Balance, Neurological, and Cardiovascular Measures in Older Persons.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Falls are the primary cause of accidental death in older persons, producing increased morbidity, decreased independence, and billions in medical costs annually. Massage therapy (MT) may produce adaptations that decrease risk of falling. If MT can improve stability in older persons, it may provide a new intervention for this issue.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Determine the acute effects of a 60-minute MT treatment on static and functional balance, neurological measures, heart rate, and blood pressure in healthy, older individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2 by 4 (treatment by time) mixed factorial experimental design for the cardiovascular and postural control variables; independent variables were treatment with two levels (control, MT) and time with four levels (pretreatment baseline, immediate post-treatment, 20-minute post-treatment, 60-minute post-treatment). Neurological measures utilized a 2 by 2 mixed design, with testing conducted pre- and 60-minutes post-treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five healthy, older volunteers (19 male and 16 female; ages 62.9 ± 4.6).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 60-minute full-body therapeutic massage. The control group rested quietly in the treatment room.
  
  
  METHODS
  Static (double-legged) and functional (single-legged) postural control with eyes-open and eyes-closed; Hoffmann-reflex measures; heart rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MT significantly decreased rectangular displacement area in both the eyes-open and eyes-closed, double-legged stance conditions (p < 0.05); displacement velocity in both eyes-open conditions (p < .05); and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < .05), while increasing heart rate (p < .05). MT also significantly lowered H(max)/M(max) ratios compared to controls (p = .002). Decreased H(max)/M(max) measures were correlated to improved stability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single, 60-minute, full-body massage therapy treatment was shown to have a stabilizing effect on measures of static and dynamic balance and physiological factors related to stability in older adults. MT should be investigated as a potential intervention to decrease falls in older individuals.
authors.affiliation: Neuromechanics Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL.
authors.forename: Joellen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sefton
authors.forename: Ceren
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yarar
authors.forename: Jack W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Berry
keywords: H-reflex; aging; complementary and alternative medicine; elderly; massage; postural control