title: Alcohol metabolism.
abstract: This article describes the pathways and factors that modulate blood alcohol levels and metabolism and describes how the body disposes of alcohol. The various factors that play a role in the distribution of alcohol in the body, influence the absorption of alcohol, and contribute to first-pass metabolism of alcohol are described. Most alcohol is oxidized in the liver, and general principles and overall mechanisms for alcohol oxidation are summarized. The kinetics of alcohol elimination in-vivo and the various genetic and environmental factors that can modify the rate of alcohol metabolism are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. arthur.cederbaum@mssm.edu.
authors.forename: Arthur I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Cederbaum
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000378:metabolism; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018565:Food-Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D009243:NAD; D000431:Ethanol; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D000079:Acetaldehyde