title: Use of mobile and cordless phones and survival of patients with glioma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We analysed the survival of patients after glioma diagnosis in relation to the use of wireless phones.
  
  
  METHODS
  All cases diagnosed between 1997 and 2003 with a malignant brain tumour (n = 1,251) in our case-control studies were included and followed from the date of diagnosis to the date of death or until May 30, 2012.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For glioma, the use of wireless phones (mobile and cordless phones) gave a hazard ratio (HR) = 1.1 (95% confidence interval, CI = 0.9-1.2), with > 10-year latency HR = 1.2 (95% CI = 1.002-1.5, p trend = 0.02). For astrocytoma grade I-II (low-grade), the results were, HR = 0.5 (95% CI = 0.3-0.9) and for astrocytoma grade IV (glioblastoma), HR = 1.1 (95% CI = 0.95-1.4), with > 10 year latency HR = 1.3 (95% CI = 1.03-1.7). In the highest tertile (> 426 h) of cumulative use, HR = 1.2 (95% CI = 0.95-1.5) was found for glioblastoma. The results were similar for mobile and cordless phones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decreased survival of glioma cases with long-term and high cumulative use of wireless phones was found. A survival disadvantage for astrocytoma grade IV, but a survival benefit for astrocytoma grade I-II was observed which could be due to exposure-related tumour symptoms leading to earlier diagnosis and surgery in that patient group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden. lennart.hardell@orebroll.se
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hardell
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carlberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D040421:Cell Phone / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000401:mortality; D005910:Glioma / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015996:Survival Rate; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult