title: Resting beta hypersynchrony in secondary dystonia and its suppression during pallidal deep brain stimulation in DYT3+ Lubag dystonia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  1) To characterize patterns of globus pallidus interna neural synchrony in patients with secondary dystonia; 2) to determine whether neural hypersynchrony in the globus pallidus externa (GPe) and interna (GPi) is attenuated during high frequency deep brain stimulation (HF DBS) in a patient with DYT3+ dystonia and in a patient with secondary dystonia due to childhood encephalitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recorded local field potentials from the DBS lead in the GPi of four patients (seven hemispheres) with secondary dystonia and from one patient (two hemispheres) with primary DYT3+ dystonia. In two patients, we also recorded pallidal local field potentials during the administration of 10 sec epochs of HF DBS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Power spectral densities during rest demonstrated visible peaks in the beta band in seven out of nine cases. In DYT3+ dystonia, power in the alpha and beta bands, but not theta band, was attenuated during HF DBS in the GPe and in GPi, and attenuation was most prominent in the high beta band. This patient demonstrated an early and maintained improvement in dystonia. There was no beta peak and the power spectrum was not attenuated during HF DBS in a patient with secondary dystonia due to childhood encephalitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that beta hypersynchrony, demonstrated now in both primary and secondary dystonia, may play a pathophysiological role in pathological hyperkinesis. Further investigation is needed in a larger cohort of well-characterized primary and secondary dystonia patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Whitmer
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Solages
authors.forename: Bruce C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bronte-Stewart
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001611:Beta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D040181:Genetic Diseases, X-Linked / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012146:Rest; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult