title: Association between inflammatory and obesity markers in a Swiss population-based sample (CoLaus Study).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the associations between obesity markers (BMI, waist circumference and %body fat) and inflammatory markers (interleukin-1β (IL-1β); interleukin-6 (IL-6); tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)).
  
  
  METHODS
  Population sample of 2,884 men and 3,201 women aged 35-75 years. Associations were assessed using ridge regression adjusting for age, leisure-time physical activity, and smoking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were found in IL-1β levels between participants with increased obesity markers and healthy counterparts; multivariate regression showed %body fat to be negatively associated with IL-1β. Participants with high %body fat or abdominal obesity had higher IL-6 levels, but no independent association between IL-6 levels and obesity markers was found on multivariate regression. Participants with abdominal obesity had higher TNF-α levels, and positive associations were found between TNF-α levels and waist circumference in men and between TNF-α levels and BMI in women. Obese participants had higher hs-CRP levels, and these differences persisted after multivariate adjustment; similarly, positive associations were found between hs-CRP levels and all obesity markers studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obesity markers are differentially associated with cytokine levels. %Body fat is negatively associated with IL-1β; BMI (in women) and waist circumference (in men) are associated with TNF-α; all obesity markers are positively associated with hs-CRP.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marques-Vidal
authors.forename: Murielle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bochud
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bastardot
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lüscher
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrero
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gaspoz
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paccaud
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urwyler
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Känel
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hock
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Waeber
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Preisig
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vollenweider
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein