title: Propofol combined with traditional sedative agents versus propofol- alone sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy: a meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of sedation of propofol combined with traditional sedative agents (PTSA) for gastrointestinal endoscopy, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing PTSA with propofol-alone sedation.
  
  
  METHODS
  RCTs comparing the effects of PTSA and propofol alone during gastrointestinal endoscopy were found on MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EMBASE. Cardiopulmonary complications (i.e., hypoxia, hypotension, arrhythmia, and apnea), total dose of propofol used and amnesia were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine original RCTs investigating a total of 1,505 patients, of whom, 805 received PTSA sedation and 700 received propofol-alone sedation, met the inclusion criteria. Compared with propofol-alone sedation, the pooled relative risk with the use of PTSA sedation for developing hypoxia, hypotension, arrhythmias, and apnea for all the procedures combined was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.30-2.92), 1.32 (95% CI, 0.38-4.64), 2.61 (95% CI, 0.23-29.29) and 2.81 (95% CI, 0.27-29.07), with no significant difference between the groups. The pooled mean difference in total dose of propofol used was -40.01 (95% CI, -78.96 to -1.05), which showed a significant reduction with use of PTSA sedation. The pooled relative risk for amnesia was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.88-1.07), suggesting no significant difference between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTSA sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy could significantly reduce the total dose of propofol, but without benefits of lower risk of cardiopulmonary complications compared with propofol-alone sedation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province (Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University), Yangzhou, PR China.
authors.forename: Daorong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yaxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Chaowu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Denghao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015742:Propofol