title: Antibacterial activity of polymer coated cerium oxide nanoparticles.
abstract: Cerium oxide nanoparticles have found numerous applications in the biomedical industry due to their strong antioxidant properties. In the current study, we report the influence of nine different physical and chemical parameters: pH, aeration and, concentrations of MgSO(4), CaCl(2), KCl, natural organic matter, fructose, nanoparticles and Escherichia coli, on the antibacterial activity of dextran coated cerium oxide nanoparticles. A least-squares quadratic regression model was developed to understand the collective influence of the tested parameters on the anti-bacterial activity and subsequently a computer-based, interactive visualization tool was developed. The visualization allows us to elucidate the effect of each of the parameters in combination with other parameters, on the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles. The results indicate that the toxicity of CeO(2) NPs depend on the physical and chemical environment; and in a majority of the possible combinations of the nine parameters, non-lethal to the bacteria. In fact, the cerium oxide nanoparticles can decrease the anti-bacterial activity exerted by magnesium and potassium salts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Dowling College, Oakdake, New York, United States of America. ShahV@dowling.edu
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Shreya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Hirsh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Fred J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rispoli
authors.forename: Kevin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.forename: Selam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Workeneh
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karakoti
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Sudipta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seal
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D002563:Cerium / Q000633:toxicity*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008954:Models, Biological; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005632:Fructose; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D002122:Calcium Chloride