title: Effects of chitosan and bioactive glass modifications of knitted and rolled polylactide-based 96/4 L/D scaffolds on chondrogenic differentiation of adipose stem cells.
abstract: The performance of biodegradable knitted and rolled 3-dimensional (3D) polylactide-based 96/4 scaffolds modified with bioactive glass (BaG) 13-93, chitosan and both was compared with regard to the viability, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit adipose stem cells (ASCs). Scaffold porosities were determined by micro-computed tomography (μCT). Water absorption and degradation of scaffolds were studied during 28-day hydrolysis in Tris-buffer. Viability, number and differentiation of ASCs in PLA96/4 scaffolds were examined in vitro. The dimensions of the scaffolds were maintained during hydrolysis and mass loss was detected only in the BaG13-93 containing scaffolds. ASCs adhered and proliferated on each scaffold type. Cell aggregation and expression of chondral matrix components improved in all scaffold types in chondrogenic medium. Signs of hypertrophy were detected in the modified scaffolds but not in the plain PLA96/4 scaffold. Chondrogenic differentiation was most enhanced in the presence of chitosan. These findings indicate that the plain P scaffold provided a good 3D-matrix for ASC proliferation whereas the addition of chitosan to the PLA96/4 scaffold induced chondrogenic differentiation independent of the medium. Accordingly, a PLA96/4 scaffold modified by chitosan could provide a functional and bioactive basis for tissue-engineered chondral implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Finland; Adult Stem Cells, Institute of Biomedical Technology, University of Tampere, Finland; BioMediTech, Tampere, Finland; Science Center, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ahtiainen
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sippola
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nurminen
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mannerström
authors.forename: Suvi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haimi
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suuronen
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hyttinen
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ylikomi
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kellomäki
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miettinen
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000737:chemistry; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D011817:Rabbits; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D011091:Polyesters; C033616:poly(lactide); D048271:Chitosan
keywords: adipose stem cell; bioactive glass; chitosan; chondrogenesis; polylactide; scaffold; tissue engineering