title: Synergic effect of curcumin or lycopene with irradiation upon oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An in vitro study was carried out to evaluate the effect of curcumin, lycopene, and irradiation upon oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Curcumin and lycopene were administrated at doses of 3, 4.25, 5.50, and 6.75 μM in PE/CA-PJ15 OSCC cultures irradiated with different doses (1, 2.5, and 5 Gy), followed by evaluation of the effects upon cell viability, apoptosis, and migration after 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The application of curcumin or lycopene to the tumor cells during 24, 48, and 72 h without irradiation exerted an inhibitor effect upon cell viability and increased cell apoptosis. The maximum reduction in cell viability and the peak apoptotic effect was recorded with the 5.50 and 6.75 μM doses, for both curcumin and lycopene. Likewise, curcumin and lycopene exerted a synergic effect upon both variables on applying irradiation. Lastly, the 5.50 and 6.75 μM drug doses, together with 5 Gy of irradiation, yielded the greatest decrease in cell migration capacity with both curcumin and lycopene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Curcumin and lycopene increase cytotoxic activity in the PE/CA-PJ15 cell line and reduce cell migration capacity, while the combination of curcumin or lycopene with irradiation exerts a synergic effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camacho-Alonso
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: López-Jornet
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Tudela-Mulero
mesh_terms: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003474:Curcumin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D000077276:Lycopene; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002338:Carotenoids; D003474:Curcumin; D000077276:Lycopene
keywords: curcumin; in vitro cell line; irradiation; lycopene; squamous cell carcinoma