title: Efficacy of acellular dermal matrix and coronally advanced flaps for the treatment of induced gingival recession defects: a histomorphometric study in dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gingival recession (GR) defects can be treated by various methods, including acellular dermal matrix (ADM) or coronally advanced flaps (CAFs). The aim of this histomorphometric experiment is to compare the efficacy of ADM and CAF for treating GR defects in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In eight beagle dogs, a critical-size labial GR defect was surgically induced on bilateral maxillary cuspids under general anesthesia. Test sites received ADM and CAF, and control sites underwent CAF treatment alone. Plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BI), and gingival index (GI) were measured at 4 weeks (baseline), 8 weeks, and 16 weeks. Width of keratinized gingiva (KG) was determined at baseline and at 16 weeks. Depth of recession and width of GR below the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) was also determined. After 4 months, animals were sacrificed, and jaw blocks were histomorphometrically assessed for tissue thickness and distance from the stent to the gingival margin (GM) and to the CEJ.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 4-, 8-, and 16-week intervals, there was no significant difference in the BI, GI, and PI at the test and control sites. At 16 weeks, thickness of KG was significantly higher at the control sites than test sites (P <0.01). There was no difference in the midfacial recession depth and recession width at the test and control sites at baseline and before euthanasia (16 weeks). Histomorphometrically, there was no significant difference in tissue thicknesses and distances from the stent to the GM and CEJ in the test and control sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADM might yield similar results to a CAF alone and could decrease the amount of KG.
authors.affiliation: 3D Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Dentistry and College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. hezaimik16@gmail.com
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Al-Hezaimi
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rudek
authors.forename: Khalid Saleh
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Al-Hamdan
authors.forename: Fawad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iezzi
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
authors.forename: Hom-Lay
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D062088:Acellular Dermis; D000818:Animals; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000473:pathology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004285:Dogs; D004846:Epithelial Attachment / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000601:surgery*; D005893:Gingivoplasty / Q000379:methods; D007633:Keratins; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011897:Random Allocation; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000637:transplantation*; D013997:Time Factors; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000473:pathology; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007633:Keratins