title: β-Adrenergic cAMP signals are predominantly regulated by phosphodiesterase type 4 in cultured adult rat aortic smooth muscle cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the role of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) in the spatiotemporal control of intracellular cAMP concentrations in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rank order of PDE families contributing to global cAMP-PDE activity was PDE4> PDE3  =  PDE1. PDE7 mRNA expression but not activity was confirmed. The Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)-based cAMP sensor, Epac1-camps, was used to monitor the time course of cytosolic cAMP changes. A pulse application of the β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) agonist isoproterenol (Iso) induced a transient FRET signal. Both β(1)- and β(2)-AR antagonists decreased the signal amplitude without affecting its kinetics. The non-selective PDE inhibitor (IBMX) dramatically increased the amplitude and delayed the recovery phase of Iso response, in agreement with a role of PDEs in degrading cAMP produced by Iso. Whereas PDE1, PDE3 and PDE7 blockades [with MIMX, cilostamide (Cil) and BRL 50481 (BRL), respectively] had no or minor effect on Iso response, PDE4 inhibition [with Ro-20-1724 (Ro)] strongly increased its amplitude and delayed its recovery. When Ro was applied concomitantly with MIMX or Cil (but not with BRL), the Iso response was drastically further prolonged. PDE4 inhibition similarly prolonged both β(1)- and β(2)-AR-mediated responses. When a membrane-targeted FRET sensor was used, PDE3 and PDE4 acted in a synergistic manner to hydrolyze the submembrane cAMP produced either at baseline or after β-AR stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study underlines the importance of cAMP-PDEs in the dynamic control of intracellular cAMP signals in RASMCs, and demonstrates the prominent role of PDE4 in limiting β-AR responses. PDE4 inhibition unmasks an effect of PDE1 and PDE3 on cytosolic cAMP hydrolyzis, and acts synergistically with PDE3 inhibition at the submembrane compartment. This suggests that mixed PDE4/PDE1 or PDE4/PDE3 inhibitors would be attractive to potentiate cAMP-related functions in vascular cells.
authors.affiliation: Inserm UMR-S 769, LabEx LERMIT, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nicolas
authors.forename: Guangju
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Rodolphe
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fischmeister
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leblais
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D054708:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 7 / Q000378:metabolism; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D061251:Primary Cell Culture; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D054708:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 7; D007545:Isoproterenol