title: Ultra-high cooling rate utilizing thin film evaporation.
abstract: This research introduces a cell cryopreservation method, which utilizes thin film evaporation and provides an ultra-high cooling rate. The microstructured surface forming the thin film evaporation was fabricated from copper microparticles with an average diameter of 50 μm. Experimental results showed that a cooling rate of approximately 5[Formula: see text]10(4) °C/min was achieved in a temperature range from 10 °C to -187 °C. The current investigation will give birth to a cell cryopreservation method through vitrification with relatively low concentrations of cryoprotectants.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine Engineering and Thermal Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China.
authors.forename: Fengmin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hsiu-Hung
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bohan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tian