title: Job satisfaction among young board-certified surgeons at academic centers in Europe and North America.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify independent factors influencing job satisfaction of academic surgeons within their first 10 years after board certification.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Job satisfaction is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor for high performance of individuals and teams in most organizations. Sophisticated tools are now available to assess job satisfaction in medicine.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey among 439 faculty surgeons from 16 European countries, United States, and Canada was conducted in 2011. Satisfaction at work was analyzed using the validated Global Job Satisfaction (GJS) instrument (score range, -36 to +36), modified to an extended version (eGJS) (score range, -87 to +87) covering additional personal and environmental factors. Independent factors were identified with multiple logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response rate was high at 59% (439/744). Median age of responders was 39 years, with 17% women. North American surgeons scored higher on the eGJS when compared with Europeans (median: 21 vs. 33, respectively, P < 0.001). The surgical specialty with the highest median eGJS score was colorectal, whereas general surgery scored lowest (median: 33 vs 7, respectively, P = 0.002). On multivariate analysis, independent factors of high job satisfaction included protected time for research (odds ratio [OR]: 9), good team relationship (OR: 7), female sex (OR: 5), having a partner (OR: 4), feeling enthusiastic about work (OR: 4), being pleased with life accomplishments (OR: 4), having the standard of living one deserves (OR: 3), and clinical autonomy (OR: 3). In contrast, independent predictors of poor job satisfaction were feeling frustrated by work (ie, a burnout item) (OR: 37), worrying about personal life at work (OR: 3), and having to work too many weekends (OR: 3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Satisfaction in young faculty members mostly relates to research opportunities, clinical autonomy, burnout, and lifestyle. Understanding satisfaction factors may improve productivity and competence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Dimitri Aristotle
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Raptis
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schlegel
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tschuor
authors.forename: Pierre-Alain
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Clavien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002055:Burnout, Professional; D002170:Canada; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D017009:Professional Autonomy; D012106:Research; D013043:Specialties, Surgical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States