title: Antimycobacterial and antileishmanial effects of microfungi isolated from tropical regions in México.
abstract: A total of 82 fungal extracts were selected and screened against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana strains. Results showed inhibitory activity in 29 % of the fungal strains against at least one of the targets tested. The most significant antituberculosis (antiTB) effects were presented by Cylindrocarpon sp. XH9B, Fusarium sp. TA54, Fusarium XH1Ga, Gliocladium penicillioides TH04 and TH21, Gliocladium sp. TH16, Kutilakesa sp. MR46, and Verticillium sp. TH28 strains (minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) = 1.56-25 μg/ml). Mortality of L. mexicana promastigotes was displayed by only four strains, Fusarium sp. TA50, Fusarium sp. TA54, Verticillium sp. TH28, and the unidentified 2TA2 strain (IC(50) = 14.23-100 μg/ml and IC(100) = 50-100 μg/ml). Seven of these most active strains were defatted and their corresponding fractions evaluated again. The results showed the best antiTB activity in Gliocladium sp. TH16 (MIC = 1.56 μg/ml) and the highest leishmanicidal potential in Fusarium sp. TA54 (IC(50) = 6.36 μg/ml). These results show that fungi living in the tropical regions of México have the ability to produce bioactive metabolites that could be used in the near future as natural products to control neglected tropical diseases.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida 97200, Yucatán, México. mmarcela@cicy.mx
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gamboa-Angulo
authors.forename: Gloria M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Molina-Salinas
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chan-Bacab
authors.forename: Sergio R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Peraza-Sánchez
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heredia
authors.forename: Susana C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: de la Rosa-García
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reyes-Estebanez
mesh_terms: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007894:Leishmania mexicana / Q000187:drug effects*; D008800:Mexico; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D014329:Tropical Climate
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents