title: Hypertension crisis in the emergency department.
abstract: Hypertensive crises, which include hypertensive emergencies and urgencies, are frequently encountered in the emergency department, and require immediate attention as they can lead to irreversible end-organ damage. Normal blood pressure (BP) regulation is altered during acute rises in BP, leading to end-organ damage. Multiple organs can be injured. Special considerations should be given to hypertensive pregnant patients and patients with postoperative hypertension. Treatment should be individualized to each patient based on the type and extent of end-organ damage, degree of BP elevation, and the specific side effects that each medication could have on a patient's preexisting comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Hypertension Section, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 419 W. Redwood St, Suite 620, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. WJohnson@medicine.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Wallace
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: My-Le
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Ronak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006974:Hypertension, Malignant / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents