title: The sleep-immunity relationship.
abstract: Research models show a strong interrelationship between sleep quality and immune function. The proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor α are classified as official sleep-regulatory substances. However, sleep-promoting properties are also possessed by several other immune and proinflammatory cellular classes. This article reviews the current physiologic evidence for the prominent somnogenic and sleep-regulatory properties inherent to these immune substances. Clinical examples of this relationship are discussed from the perspective of infectious and primarily immune-related conditions associated with significant sleep disruption and from the perspective of immune dysregulation associated with several primary sleep disorders.
authors.affiliation: Neurology, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center, 600 North Wolfe Street, Meyer 6-119, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. cgamald1@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Charlene E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gamaldo
authors.forename: Annum K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.forename: Justin C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: McArthur
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines