title: Mobile telecommunications and health: report of an investigation into an alleged cancer cluster in Sandwell, West Midlands.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Residents of one street expressed concern about the number of incident cancers, following the installation of a nearby mobile phone base station. The investigation explored whether the base station could be responsible for the cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from residents' medical records. GPs and oncologists provided further information.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ward-level cancer incidence and mortality data were also obtained, over four three-year time periods. A total of 19 residents had developed cancer. The collection of cancers did not fulfil the criteria for a cancer cluster. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for all malignant neoplasms (excluding non-melanoma skin cancers) in females (1.38 (95% CI, 1.08-1.74)) and all persons (1.27 (CI, 1.06-1.51)) were significantly higher than in the West Midlands during 2001-3. There were no significant differences for colorectal, female breast and prostate cancers, for any time period. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for non-melanoma skin cancers in males and all persons was significantly lower than in the West Midlands during 1999-2001, and significantly lower in males, females and all persons during 2002-4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We cannot conclude that the base station was responsible for the cancers. It is unlikely that information around a single base station can either demonstrate or exclude causality.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health, Staffordshire University, Leek Road, Stoke-On-Trent ST4 2DF, UK. antony.stewart@staffs.ac.uk
authors.forename: Antony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Jammi N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: Philippa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pearmain
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015984:Causality; D040421:Cell Phone / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects*