title: Advancements in the treatment of head lice in pediatrics.
abstract: Head lice infestations occur commonly each year in children of all socioeconomic statuses. However, head lice have become more of a nuisance as resistance to first-line agents, such as permethrin 1% and pyrethrins, has increased. Newer topical products provide unique mechanisms of action without current signs of resistance. As with older agents, proper application of products must be emphasized to ensure that treatment is effective. In addition, nonpharmacologic measures should be taken to avoid reinfestation in the patient and to prevent the spread of lice to close personal contacts.
authors.affiliation: New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, NC 28401-7407, USA. rxtine@gmail.com
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eisenhower
authors.forename: Elizabeth Anne
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Farrington
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D006203:Hair Preparations; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D010373:Lice Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008294:Malathion / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D010374:Pediculus / Q000187:drug effects*; D026023:Permethrin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012536:Scalp Dermatoses / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006203:Hair Preparations; D026023:Permethrin; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D008294:Malathion