title: [Agreement of clinical diagnosis, structured interviews, and self-report questionnaires for depression in children and adolescents].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study examines the agreement of structured child and parent interviews as well as clinical diagnosis for depressive episodes in children and adolescents. Moreover, it compares the accuracy and optimal cutoff scores of self-report questionnaires with reference to each of these diagnostic assessments.
  
  
  METHODS
  81 children (9-12 years) and 88 adolescents (13-16 years) in psychiatric care and their parents completed the structured diagnostic interview Kinder-DIPS. The children answered the German Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and the adolescents answered the German Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Kappa coefficients quantified the agreement. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine optimal cutoff scores, sensitivity, specificity, as well as positive and negative predictive values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The agreement between the child and parent interviews as well as between the interviews and clinical diagnosis was low to moderate. Clinicians diagnosed depressive episodes more frequently than the interviews. Cutoff scores and measures of accuracy varied between the reference standards, with less favorable results for clinical diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicians may profit from conducting structured interviews. Strategies for dealing with conflicting information from children and parents should be tested empirically and described in detail.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Klinikum der Universität München.
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dolle
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schulte-Körne
authors.forename: Nikolaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: von Hofacker
authors.forename: Yonca
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izat
authors.forename: Antje-Kathrin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Allgaier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D015588:Observer Variation; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires