title: Antiangiogenic effects and mechanisms of trans-ethyl p-methoxycinnamate from Kaempferia galanga L.
abstract: Kaempferia galanga L. (Zingiberaceae) is an aromatic herb and a popular spice used as a condiment in Asian cuisine. The ethanol extract of the dried plant and its successive four subfractions were investigated on zebrafish model by quantitative endogenous alkaline phosphatase assay. Both n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions had antiangiogenic activity, and two major active components (trans-ethyl p-methoxycinnamate and kaempferol) showed potent antiangiogenic effects on wild-type zebrafish. Because of its much stronger effect and no antiangiogenic activity reported, trans-ethyl p-methoxycinnamate was further investigated for its action mechanism. It dose dependently inhibited vessel formation on both wild- and Tg(fli1a:EGFP)y1-type zebrafish embryos. The semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay suggested that trans-ethyl p-methoxycinnamate affects multiple molecular targets related to angiogenesis. In vitro, it specifically inhibited the migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. In vivo, it could block bFGF-induced vessel formation on Matrigel plug assay.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Heng
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Grace Gar-Lee
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Clara Bik-San
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Paul Pui-Hay
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: But
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061307:Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D015027:Zebrafish; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D002934:Cinnamates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C531364:ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate