title: Autophagy induction of reversine on human follicular thyroid cancer cells.
abstract: The incurable differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) are the most aggressive in all of the thyroid cancers. Unfortunately, there are almost no effective therapies. A novel and effective treatment is urgently needed to develop. Recently, reversine, a small synthetic purine analogue, has been reported to be effective in human thyroid cancer suppression through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. In this study, we performed an in vitro evaluation of reversine on autophagy activation, one of the programmed cell death, and the related mechanisms in human follicular thyroid cancer cell line WRO. Incubation of WRO cells with reversine induced autophagosome formation in a short time treatment. LC3-II overexpression in a dosage-dependent manner with reversine treatment was demonstrated in the autophagy activation. Moreover, reversine suppressed Akt/mTOR related signaling pathway activation, a major pathway for autophagy activation, was also revealed in WRO cells. Our data demonstrated that reversine is effective to induce autophagy. Moreover, the LC3-II overexpression and the p62 protein were degraded in a time-dependent manner, indicating that the autophagic flux has happened in the reversine treated WRO cells. In addition, the activation of Akt/mTOR/p70S6K related pathways were shown to be reduced, suggesting these pathways may involve in the reversine mediated autophagy induction. Reversine is therefore worthy of further investigation in clinical therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chieh-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yi-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shih-Che
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Hui-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yi-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ying-Ray
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001343:Autophagy / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009025:Morpholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C477012:MAP1LC3A protein, human; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009025:Morpholines; D011687:Purines; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; C484369:2-(4-morpholinoanilino)-6-cyclohexylaminopurine