title: Design and validity of a miniaturized open-field aberrometer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To design and validate a new miniaturized open-field wavefront device that can be attached to an ophthalmic surgical microscope or slitlamp.
  
  
  METHODS
  Solihull Hospital and Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative noninterventional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dynamic range of the Aston aberrometer was assessed using a calibrated model eye. The validity was compared with that of a conventional desk-mounted Hartmann-Shack aberrometer (Topcon KR1W) in dilated eyes. The instruments were used in random order, with measurements repeated 5 times to assess intrasession repeatability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The open-field aberrometer had a large dynamic range of at least +21.0 diopters (D) to -25.0 D. It gave similar measurements to the conventional aberrometer for mean spherical equivalent (SE) (mean difference 0.02 D ± 0.49 [95% confidence interval]; correlation r = 0.995; P<.001), astigmatic components (J0: 0.02 ± 0.15 D; r = 0.977, P<.001; J45: 0.03 ± 0.28, r = 0.666, P<.001), and higher-order aberration (HOA) root mean square (RMS) (0.02 ± 0.20 D, r = 0.620, P<.001). Intraclass correlation coefficient assessments of intrasession repeatability were excellent (SE = 1.000, P<.001; J0 = 0.998, P<.001; J45 = 0.980, P<.01; HOA RMS = 0.961, P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new aberrometer gave valid, repeatable measurements of refractive error and HOAs over a large range. It can measure continuously, thus providing direct feedback on the optical status of the visual system to surgeons during intraocular lens implantation and corneal surgery.
authors.affiliation: From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Uday K
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.affiliation: From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sheppard
authors.affiliation: From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.affiliation: From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Harmindar Singh
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Dua
authors.affiliation: From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mihashi
authors.affiliation: From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.affiliation: From the School of Life and Health Sciences (Bhatt, Sheppard, Shah, Wolffsohn), Aston University, Birmingham, the University of Nottingham (Bhatt, Dua), Nottingham, and Midland Eye Institute (Shah), Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom; Topcon Corporation (Mihashi, Yamaguchi), Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: j.s.w.wolffsohn@aston.ac.uk.
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wolffsohn
mesh_terms: D057128:Aberrometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000328:Adult; D057108:Corneal Wavefront Aberration / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult